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Qiu H, Zhang L, Gao Y, Zhou Z, Li H, Cao L, Wang Y, Hu X, Liang K, Tang M, Kuang W, Huang X, Gong Q. Functional connectivity of the default mode network in first-episode drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:489-496. [PMID: 38901692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the default mode network (DMN) have been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD), well-replicated robust alterations of functional connectivity (FC) of DMN remain to be established. Investigating the functional connections of DMN at the overall and subsystem level in early MDD patients has the potential to advance our understanding of the physiopathology of this disorder. METHODS We recruited 115 first-episode drug-naïve patients with MDD and 137 demographic-matched healthy controls (HCs). We first compared FC within the DMN, within/between the DMN subsystems, and from DMN subsystems to the whole brain between groups. Subsequently, we explored correlations between clinical features and identified alterations in FC. RESULTS First-episode drug-naïve patients with MDD showed significantly increased FC within the DMN, dorsal DMN and medial DMN. Each subsystem showed a distinct FC pattern with other brain networks. Increased FC between the subsystems (core DMN, dorsal DMN) and other networks was associated with more severe depressive symptoms, while medial DMN-related connectivity correlated with memory performance. LIMITATIONS The relatively large "pure" MDD sample could only be generalized to a limited population. And, atypical asymmetric FCs in the DMN related to MDD might be missed for only left-lateralized ROIs were used to avoid strong correlations between mirrored (right/left) seed regions. CONCLUSION These findings suggest patients with early MDD showed distinct patterns of FC alterations throughout DMN and its subsystems, which were related to illness severity and illness-associated cognitive impairment, highlighting their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqing Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingxue Gao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zilin Zhou
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Cao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaili Liang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyue Tang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Fenerci C, Setton R, Baracchini G, Snytte J, Spreng RN, Sheldon S. Lifespan differences in hippocampal subregion connectivity patterns during movie watching. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 141:182-193. [PMID: 38968875 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Age-related episodic memory decline is attributed to functional alternations in the hippocampus. Less clear is how aging affects the functional connections of the hippocampus to the rest of the brain during episodic memory processing. We examined fMRI data from the CamCAN dataset, in which a large cohort of participants watched a movie (N = 643; 18-88 years), a proxy for naturalistic episodic memory encoding. We examined connectivity profiles across the lifespan both within the hippocampus (anterior, posterior), and between the hippocampal subregions and cortical networks. Aging was associated with reductions in contralateral (left, right) but not ipsilateral (anterior, posterior) hippocampal subregion connectivity. Aging was primarily associated with increased coupling between the anterior hippocampus and regions affiliated with Control, Dorsal Attention and Default Mode networks, yet decreased coupling between the posterior hippocampus and a selection of these regions. Differences in age-related hippocampal-cortical, but not within-hippocampus circuitry selectively predicted worse memory performance. Our findings comprehensively characterize hippocampal functional topography in relation to cognition in older age, suggesting that shifts in cortico-hippocampal connectivity may be sensitive markers of age-related episodic memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Fenerci
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Roni Setton
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Baracchini
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamie Snytte
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R Nathan Spreng
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Signy Sheldon
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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3
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Balgova E, Diveica V, Jackson RL, Binney RJ. Overlapping neural correlates underpin theory of mind and semantic cognition: Evidence from a meta-analysis of 344 functional neuroimaging studies. Neuropsychologia 2024; 200:108904. [PMID: 38759780 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Key unanswered questions for cognitive neuroscience include whether social cognition is underpinned by specialised brain regions and to what extent it simultaneously depends on more domain-general systems. Until we glean a better understanding of the full set of contributions made by various systems, theories of social cognition will remain fundamentally limited. In the present study, we evaluate a recent proposal that semantic cognition plays a crucial role in supporting social cognition. While previous brain-based investigations have focused on dissociating these two systems, our primary aim was to assess the degree to which the neural correlates are overlapping, particularly within two key regions, the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and the temporoparietal junction (TPJ). We focus on activation associated with theory of mind (ToM) and adopt a meta-analytic activation likelihood approach to synthesise a large set of functional neuroimaging studies and compare their results with studies of semantic cognition. As a key consideration, we sought to account for methodological differences across the two sets of studies, including the fact that ToM studies tend to use nonverbal stimuli while the semantics literature is dominated by language-based tasks. Overall, we observed consistent overlap between the two sets of brain regions, especially in the ATL and TPJ. This supports the claim that tasks involving ToM draw upon more general semantic retrieval processes. We also identified activation specific to ToM in the right TPJ, bilateral anterior mPFC, and right precuneus. This is consistent with the view that, nested amongst more domain-general systems, there is specialised circuitry that is tuned to social processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Balgova
- Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, Bangor University, Gwynedd, Wales, UK; Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, Wales, UK
| | - Veronica Diveica
- Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, Bangor University, Gwynedd, Wales, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rebecca L Jackson
- Department of Psychology & York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Richard J Binney
- Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychology, Bangor University, Gwynedd, Wales, UK.
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4
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Allen TA, Hallquist MN, Dombrovski AY. Callousness, exploitativeness, and tracking of cooperation incentives in the human default network. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2307221121. [PMID: 38980906 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307221121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cognitive capacities that enable flexible cooperation may have evolved in parallel with the expansion of frontoparietal cortical networks, particularly the default network. Conversely, human antisocial behavior and trait antagonism are broadly associated with reduced activity, impaired connectivity, and altered structure of the default network. Yet, behaviors like interpersonal manipulation and exploitation may require intact or even superior social cognition. Using a reinforcement learning model of decision-making on a modified trust game, we examined how individuals adjusted their cooperation rate based on a counterpart's cooperation and social reputation. We observed that learning signals in the default network updated the predicted utility of cooperation or defection and scaled with reciprocal cooperation. These signals were weaker in callous (vs. compassionate) individuals but stronger in those who were more exploitative (vs. honest and humble). Further, they accounted for associations between exploitativeness, callousness, and reciprocal cooperation. Separately, behavioral sensitivity to prior reputation was reduced in callous but not exploitative individuals and selectively scaled with responses of the medial temporal subsystem of the default network. Overall, callousness was characterized by blunted behavioral and default network sensitivity to cooperation incentives. Exploitativeness predicted heightened sensitivity to others' cooperation but not social reputation. We speculate that both compassion and exploitativeness may reflect cognitive adaptations to social living, enabled by expansion of the default network in anthropogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Allen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Michael N Hallquist
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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Guthrie TD, Chavez RS. Normativity vs. uniqueness: effects of social relationship strength on neural representations of others. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2024; 19:nsae045. [PMID: 38915187 PMCID: PMC11232616 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding others involves inferring traits and intentions, a process complicated by our reliance on stereotypes and generalized information when we lack personal information. Yet, as relationships are formed, we shift toward nuanced and individualized perceptions of others. This study addresses how relationship strength influences the creation of unique or normative representations of others in key regions known to be involved in social cognition. Employing a round-robin interpersonal perception paradigm (N = 111, 20 groups of five to six people), we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine whether the strength of social relationships modulated the degree to which multivoxel patterns of activity that represented a specific other were similar to a normative average of all others in the study. Behaviorally, stronger social relationships were associated with more normative trait endorsements. Neural findings reveal that closer relationships lead to more unique representations in the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior insula, areas associated with mentalizing and person perception. Conversely, more generalized representations emerge in posterior regions like the posterior cingulate cortex, indicating a complex interplay between individuated and generalized processing of social information in the brain. These findings suggest that cortical regions typically associated with social cognition may compute different kinds of information when representing the distinctiveness of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor D Guthrie
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, United States
| | - Robert S Chavez
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, United States
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6
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Dauvermann MR, Moreno-Lopéz L, Vai B, González-García N, Orellana S, Jones PB, Bullmore E, Goodyer IM, van Harmelen AL. Early adolescent perceived friendship quality aids affective and neural responses to social inclusion and exclusion in young adults with and without adverse childhood experiences. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2024; 19:nsae044. [PMID: 38902943 PMCID: PMC11219303 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Friendships increase mental wellbeing and resilient functioning in young people with childhood adversity (CA). However, the mechanisms of this relationship are unknown. We examined the relationship between perceived friendship quality at age 14 after the experience of CA and reduced affective and neural responses to social exclusion at age 24. Resilient functioning was quantified as psychosocial functioning relative to the degree of CA severity in 310 participants at age 24. From this cohort, 62 young people with and without CA underwent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to assess brain responses to social inclusion and exclusion. We observed that good friendship quality was significantly associated with better resilient functioning. Both friendship quality and resilient functioning were related to increased affective responses to social inclusion. We also found that friendship quality, but not resilient functioning, was associated with increased dorsomedial prefrontal cortex responses to peer exclusion. Our findings suggest that friendship quality in early adolescence may contribute to the evaluation of social inclusion by increasing affective sensitivity to positive social experiences and increased brain activity in regions involved in emotion regulation to negative social experiences. Future research is needed to clarify this relationship with resilient functioning in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Dauvermann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Moreno-Lopéz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Benedetta Vai
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, 20127, Italy
| | - Nadia González-García
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Sofia Orellana
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Ed Bullmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Department of Research and Development, Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB21 5EF, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Goodyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laura van Harmelen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, AK 2333, The Netherlands
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7
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Stoliker D, Novelli L, Vollenweider FX, Egan GF, Preller KH, Razi A. Neural Mechanisms of Resting-State Networks and the Amygdala Underlying the Cognitive and Emotional Effects of Psilocybin. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 96:57-66. [PMID: 38185235 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonergic psychedelics, such as psilocybin, alter perceptual and cognitive systems that are functionally integrated with the amygdala. These changes can alter cognition and emotions that are hypothesized to contribute to their therapeutic utility. However, the neural mechanisms of cognitive and subcortical systems altered by psychedelics are not well understood. METHODS We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance images collected during a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 24 healthy adults under 0.2 mg/kg psilocybin to estimate the directed (i.e., effective) changes between the amygdala and 3 large-scale resting-state networks involved in cognition. These networks are the default mode network, the salience network, and the central executive network. RESULTS We found a pattern of decreased top-down effective connectivity from these resting-state networks to the amygdala. Effective connectivity decreased within the default mode network and salience network but increased within the central executive network. These changes in effective connectivity were statistically associated with behavioral measures of altered cognition and emotion under the influence of psilocybin. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that temporary amygdala signal attenuation is associated with mechanistic changes to resting-state network connectivity. These changes are significant for altered cognition and perception and suggest targets for research investigating the efficacy of psychedelic therapy for internalizing psychiatric disorders. More broadly, our study suggests the value of quantifying the brain's hierarchical organization using effective connectivity to identify important mechanisms for basic cognitive function and how they are integrated to give rise to subjective experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon Stoliker
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leonardo Novelli
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gary F Egan
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katrin H Preller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adeel Razi
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom; CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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8
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Jiang YJ, Lai PH, Huang X. Interhemispheric functional in age-related macular degeneration patient: a resting-state functional MRI study. Neuroreport 2024; 35:621-626. [PMID: 38813903 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent disease leading to severe visual impairment in the elderly population. Despite this, the pathogenesis of AMD remains largely unexplored. The application of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) allows for the detection of coherent intrinsic brain activities along with the interactions taking place between the two hemispheres. In the frame of our study, we utilize voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) as an rs-fMRI method to carry out a comparative analysis of functional homotopy between the two hemispheres with the aim of further understanding the pathogenesis of AMD patients. In our study, we utilized the VMHC method to explore levels of brain activity in individuals diagnosed with AMD, planning to investigate potential links with their clinical characteristics. We extended our invitation to 20 AMD patients and 20 healthy controls from Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital to participate in this research. rs-fMRIs were captured for each participant, and associated neural activity levels were examined using the VMHC method. Remarkably, our comparative examination with the healthy control group revealed significantly reduced VMHC in the cuneus, superior occipital lobe, precentral gyrus, and superior parietal lobule in the patient cohort. Utilizing the VMHC method allows us to identify discrepancies in the visual pathways of AMD patients compared with standard controls, potentially explaining the common challenges among AMD patients with object recognition, face recognition, and reading.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping-Hong Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
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Hempel M, Barnhofer T, Domke AK, Hartling C, Stippl A, Carstens L, Gärtner M, Grimm S. Aberrant associations between neuronal resting-state fluctuations and working memory-induced activity in major depressive disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02647-w. [PMID: 38951625 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02647-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Previous investigations have revealed performance deficits and altered neural processes during working-memory (WM) tasks in major depressive disorder (MDD). While most of these studies used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), there is an increasing interest in resting-state fMRI to characterize aberrant network dynamics involved in this and other MDD-associated symptoms. It has been proposed that activity during the resting-state represents characteristics of brain-wide functional organization, which could be highly relevant for the efficient execution of cognitive tasks. However, the dynamics linking resting-state properties and task-evoked activity remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study investigated the association between spontaneous activity as indicated by the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) at rest and activity during an emotional n-back task. 60 patients diagnosed with an acute MDD episode, and 52 healthy controls underwent the fMRI scanning procedure. Within both groups, positive correlations between spontaneous activity at rest and task-activation were found in core regions of the central-executive network (CEN), whereas spontaneous activity correlated negatively with task-deactivation in regions of the default mode network (DMN). Compared to healthy controls, patients showed a decreased rest-task correlation in the left prefrontal cortex (CEN) and an increased negative correlation in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (DMN). Interestingly, no significant group-differences within those regions were found solely at rest or during the task. The results underpin the potential value and importance of resting-state markers for the understanding of dysfunctional network dynamics and neural substrates of cognitive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Hempel
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Rüdesheimer Straße 50, 14197, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Barnhofer
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Ann-Kathrin Domke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Corinna Hartling
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Rüdesheimer Straße 50, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Stippl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa Carstens
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Rüdesheimer Straße 50, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matti Gärtner
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Rüdesheimer Straße 50, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Grimm
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Rüdesheimer Straße 50, 14197, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Bresser T, Blanken TF, de Lange SC, Leerssen J, Foster-Dingley JC, Lakbila-Kamal O, Wassing R, Ramautar JR, Stoffers D, van de Heuvel MP, van Someren EJW. Insomnia subtypes have differentiating deviations in brain structural connectivity. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)01418-5. [PMID: 38944140 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insomnia disorder is the most common sleep disorder. A better understanding of insomnia-related deviations in the brain could inspire better treatment. Insufficiently recognized heterogeneity within the insomnia population could obscure detection of involved brain circuits. The present study investigated whether structural brain connectivity deviations differ between recently discovered and validated insomnia subtypes. METHODS Structural and diffusion weighted 3-Tesla MRI data of four independent studies were harmonized. The sample consisted of 73 controls without sleep complaints and 204 participants with insomnia grouped into five subtypes based on their fingerprint of mood and personality traits assessed with the Insomnia Type Questionnaire. Linear regression correcting for age and sex evaluated group differences in structural connectivity strength, indicated by fractional anisotropy, streamline volume density and mean diffusivity, and evaluated within three different atlases. RESULTS Insomnia subtypes showed differentiating profiles of deviating structural connectivity which concentrated in different functional networks. Permutation testing against randomly drawn heterogeneous subsamples indicated significant specificity of deviation profiles in four of the five subtypes: highly distressed, moderately distressed reward sensitive, slightly distressed low reactive and slightly distressed high reactive. Connectivity deviation profile significance ranged from p= 0.001 to p=0.049 for different resolutions of brain parcellation and connectivity weight. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a first indication that different insomnia subtypes exhibit distinct profiles of deviations in structural brain connectivity. Subtyping of insomnia could be essential for a better understanding of brain mechanisms that contribute to insomnia vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bresser
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Tessa F Blanken
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychological Methods, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Siemon C de Lange
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne Leerssen
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jessica C Foster-Dingley
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oti Lakbila-Kamal
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Wassing
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; Woolcock Institute and School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Ramautar
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; N=You Neurodevelopmental Precision Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diederick Stoffers
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn P van de Heuvel
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eus J W van Someren
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Sleep and Cognition, Amsterdam, Netherlands,; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Nick Q, Gale DJ, Areshenkoff C, De Brouwer A, Nashed J, Wammes J, Zhu T, Flanagan R, Smallwood J, Gallivan J. Reconfigurations of cortical manifold structure during reward-based motor learning. eLife 2024; 12:RP91928. [PMID: 38916598 PMCID: PMC11198988 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptive motor behavior depends on the coordinated activity of multiple neural systems distributed across the brain. While the role of sensorimotor cortex in motor learning has been well established, how higher-order brain systems interact with sensorimotor cortex to guide learning is less well understood. Using functional MRI, we examined human brain activity during a reward-based motor task where subjects learned to shape their hand trajectories through reinforcement feedback. We projected patterns of cortical and striatal functional connectivity onto a low-dimensional manifold space and examined how regions expanded and contracted along the manifold during learning. During early learning, we found that several sensorimotor areas in the dorsal attention network exhibited increased covariance with areas of the salience/ventral attention network and reduced covariance with areas of the default mode network (DMN). During late learning, these effects reversed, with sensorimotor areas now exhibiting increased covariance with DMN areas. However, areas in posteromedial cortex showed the opposite pattern across learning phases, with its connectivity suggesting a role in coordinating activity across different networks over time. Our results establish the neural changes that support reward-based motor learning and identify distinct transitions in the functional coupling of sensorimotor to transmodal cortex when adapting behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasem Nick
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Daniel J Gale
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Corson Areshenkoff
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Anouk De Brouwer
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Joseph Nashed
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Medicine, Queen's UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Jeffrey Wammes
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Tianyao Zhu
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Randy Flanagan
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Jonny Smallwood
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
| | - Jason Gallivan
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s UniversityKingstonCanada
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12
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Daood M, Magal N, Peled-Avron L, Nevat M, Ben-Hayun R, Aharon-Peretz J, Tomer R, Admon R. Graph analysis uncovers an opposing impact of methylphenidate on connectivity patterns within default mode network sub-divisions. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2024; 20:15. [PMID: 38902791 PMCID: PMC11191242 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-024-00242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Default Mode Network (DMN) is a central neural network, with recent evidence indicating that it is composed of functionally distinct sub-networks. Methylphenidate (MPH) administration has been shown before to modulate impulsive behavior, though it is not yet clear whether these effects relate to MPH-induced changes in DMN connectivity. To address this gap, we assessed the impact of MPH administration on functional connectivity patterns within and between distinct DMN sub-networks and tested putative relations to variability in sub-scales of impulsivity. METHODS Fifty-five right-handed healthy adults underwent two resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scans, following acute administration of either MPH (20 mg) or placebo, via a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design. Graph modularity analysis was implemented to fractionate the DMN into distinct sub-networks based on the impact of MPH (vs. placebo) on DMN connectivity patterns with other neural networks. RESULTS MPH administration led to an overall decreased DMN connectivity, particularly with the auditory, cinguloopercular, and somatomotor networks, and increased connectivity with the parietomedial network. Graph analysis revealed that the DMN could be fractionated into two distinct sub-networks, with one exhibiting MPH-induced increased connectivity and the other decreased connectivity. Decreased connectivity of the DMN sub-network with the cinguloopercular network following MPH administration was associated with elevated impulsivity and non-planning impulsiveness. CONCLUSION Current findings highlight the intricate effects of MPH administration on DMN rs-fMRI connectivity, uncovering its opposing impact on distinct DMN sub-divisions. MPH-induced dynamics in DMN connectivity patterns with other neural networks may account for some of the effects of MPH administration on impulsive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryana Daood
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel
- Sakhnin College of Education, Sakhnin, Israel
| | - Noa Magal
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Leehe Peled-Avron
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Michael Nevat
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Rachel Ben-Hayun
- Stroke and Cognition Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Judith Aharon-Peretz
- Stroke and Cognition Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rachel Tomer
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Roee Admon
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel.
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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13
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Pasculli G, Busan P, Jackson ES, Alm PA, De Gregorio D, Maguire GA, Goodwin GM, Gobbi G, Erritzoe D, Carhart-Harris RL. Psychedelics in developmental stuttering to modulate brain functioning: a new therapeutic perspective? Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1402549. [PMID: 38962146 PMCID: PMC11221540 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1402549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Developmental stuttering (DS) is a neurodevelopmental speech-motor disorder characterized by symptoms such as blocks, repetitions, and prolongations. Persistent DS often has a significant negative impact on quality of life, and interventions for it have limited efficacy. Herein, we briefly review existing research on the neurophysiological underpinnings of DS -specifically, brain metabolic and default mode/social-cognitive networks (DMN/SCN) anomalies- arguing that psychedelic compounds might be considered and investigated (e.g., in randomized clinical trials) for treatment of DS. The neural background of DS is likely to be heterogeneous, and some contribution from genetically determinants of metabolic deficiencies in the basal ganglia and speech-motor cortical regions are thought to play a role in appearance of DS symptoms, which possibly results in a cascade of events contributing to impairments in speech-motor execution. In persistent DS, the difficulties of speech are often linked to a series of associated aspects such as social anxiety and social avoidance. In this context, the SCN and DMN (also influencing a series of fronto-parietal, somato-motor, and attentional networks) may have a role in worsening dysfluencies. Interestingly, brain metabolism and SCN/DMN connectivity can be modified by psychedelics, which have been shown to improve clinical evidence of some psychiatric conditions (e.g., depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, etc.) associated with psychological constructs such as rumination and social anxiety, which also tend to be present in persistent DS. To date, while there have been no controlled trials on the effects of psychedelics in DS, anecdotal evidence suggests that these agents may have beneficial effects on stuttering and its associated characteristics. We suggest that psychedelics warrant investigation in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pasculli
- Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering (DIAG), La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Italian Society of Psychedelic Medicine (Società Italiana di Medicina Psichedelica–SIMePsi), Bari, Italy
| | | | - Eric S. Jackson
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Per A. Alm
- Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Danilo De Gregorio
- IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gerald A. Maguire
- School of Medicine, American University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill, CA, United States
- CenExel CIT Research, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Guy M. Goodwin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriella Gobbi
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Erritzoe
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin L. Carhart-Harris
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Psychedelics Division, Neuroscape, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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14
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Averill CL, Averill LA, Akiki TJ, Fouda S, Krystal JH, Abdallah CG. Findings of PTSD-specific deficits in default mode network strength following a mild experimental stressor. NPP-DIGITAL PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 2:9. [PMID: 38919723 PMCID: PMC11197271 DOI: 10.1038/s44277-024-00011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Reductions in default mode (DMN) connectivity strength have been reported in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the specificity of DMN connectivity deficits in PTSD compared to major depressive disorder (MDD), and the sensitivity of these alterations to acute stressors are not yet known. 52 participants with a primary diagnosis of PTSD (n = 28) or MDD (n = 24) completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging immediately before and after a mild affective stressor. A 2 × 2 design was conducted to determine the effects of group, stress, and group*stress on DMN connectivity strength. Exploratory analyses were completed to identify the brain region(s) underlying the DMN alterations. There was significant group*stress interaction (p = 0.03), reflecting stress-induced reduction in DMN strength in PTSD (p = 0.02), but not MDD (p = 0.50). Nodal exploration of connectivity strength in the DMN identified regions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the precuneus potentially contributing to DMN connectivity deficits. The findings indicate the possibility of distinct, disease-specific, patterns of connectivity strength reduction in the DMN in PTSD, especially following an experimental stressor. The identified dynamic shift in functional connectivity, which was perhaps induced by the stressor task, underscores the potential utility of the DMN connectivity and raises the question whether these disruptions may be inversely affected by antidepressants known to treat both MDD and PTSD psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Averill
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX USA
- National Center for PTSD – Clinical Neurosciences Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
- Core for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CAMRI), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Lynnette A. Averill
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX USA
- National Center for PTSD – Clinical Neurosciences Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Teddy J. Akiki
- National Center for PTSD – Clinical Neurosciences Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Samar Fouda
- National Center for PTSD – Clinical Neurosciences Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - John H. Krystal
- National Center for PTSD – Clinical Neurosciences Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Chadi G. Abdallah
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX USA
- National Center for PTSD – Clinical Neurosciences Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
- Core for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CAMRI), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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15
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Kim S, Jang KI, Lee HS, Shim SH, Kim JS. Differentiation between suicide attempt and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder using cortical functional network. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110965. [PMID: 38354896 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Studies exploring the neurophysiology of suicide are scarce and the neuropathology of related disorders is poorly understood. This study investigated source-level cortical functional networks using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in drug-naïve depressed patients with suicide attempt (SA) and suicidal ideation (SI). EEG was recorded in 55 patients with SA and in 54 patients with SI. Particularly, all patients with SA were evaluated using EEG immediately after their SA (within 7 days). Graph-theory-based source-level weighted functional networks were assessed using strength, clustering coefficient (CC), and path length (PL) in seven frequency bands. Finally, we applied machine learning to differentiate between the two groups using source-level network features. At the global level, patients with SA showed lower strength and CC and higher PL in the high alpha band than those with SI. At the nodal level, compared with patients with SI, patients with SA showed lower high alpha band nodal CCs in most brain regions. The best classification performances for SA and SI showed an accuracy of 73.39%, a sensitivity of 76.36%, and a specificity of 70.37% based on high alpha band network features. Our findings suggest that abnormal high alpha band functional network may reflect the pathophysiological characteristics of suicide and serve as a clinical biomarker for suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungkean Kim
- Department of Human-Computer Interaction, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuk-In Jang
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Lee
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Shim
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Sun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Lord B, Sanguinetti JL, Ruiz L, Miskovic V, Segre J, Young S, Fini ME, Allen JJB. Transcranial focused ultrasound to the posterior cingulate cortex modulates default mode network and subjective experience: an fMRI pilot study. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1392199. [PMID: 38895168 PMCID: PMC11184145 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1392199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Transcranial focused ultrasound (TFUS) is an emerging neuromodulation tool for temporarily altering brain activity and probing network functioning. The effects of TFUS on the default mode network (DMN) are unknown. Objective The study examined the effects of transcranial focused ultrasound (TFUS) on the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN), specifically by targeting the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Additionally, we investigated the subjective effects of TFUS on mood, mindfulness, and self-related processing. Methods The study employed a randomized, single-blind design involving 30 healthy subjects. Participants were randomly assigned to either the active TFUS group or the sham TFUS group. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans were conducted before and after the TFUS application. To measure subjective effects, the Toronto Mindfulness Scale, the Visual Analog Mood Scale, and the Amsterdam Resting State Questionnaire were administered at baseline and 30 min after sonication. The Self Scale and an unstructured interview were also administered 30 min after sonication. Results The active TFUS group exhibited significant reductions in functional connectivity along the midline of the DMN, while the sham TFUS group showed no changes. The active TFUS group demonstrated increased state mindfulness, reduced Global Vigor, and temporary alterations in the sense of ego, sense of time, and recollection of memories. The sham TFUS group showed an increase in state mindfulness, too, with no other subjective effects. Conclusions TFUS targeted at the PCC can alter DMN connectivity and cause changes in subjective experience. These findings support the potential of TFUS to serve both as a research tool and as a potential therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lord
- SEMA Lab, Psychology Department, Center for Consciousness Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Joseph L. Sanguinetti
- SEMA Lab, Psychology Department, Center for Consciousness Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Sanmai Technologies, PBC, Sunnyvale, CA, United States
| | - Lisannette Ruiz
- SEMA Lab, Psychology Department, Center for Consciousness Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Sanmai Technologies, PBC, Sunnyvale, CA, United States
| | | | - Joel Segre
- X, the Moonshot Factory, Mountain View, CA, United States
| | - Shinzen Young
- SEMA Lab, Psychology Department, Center for Consciousness Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Maria E. Fini
- SEMA Lab, Psychology Department, Center for Consciousness Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - John J. B. Allen
- SEMA Lab, Psychology Department, Center for Consciousness Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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17
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Katsumi A, Iwata S, Tsukiura T. Roles of the Default Mode Network in Different Aspects of Self-representation When Remembering Social Autobiographical Memories. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:1021-1036. [PMID: 38527069 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Autobiographical memory (AM) is episodic memory for personally experienced events, in which self-representation is more important than that in laboratory-based memory. Theoretically, self-representation in a social context is categorized as the interpersonal self (IS) referred to in a social interaction with a person or the social-valued self (SS) based on the reputation of the self in the surrounding society. Although functional neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the involvement of the default mode network (DMN) in self-representation, little is known about how the DMN subsystems contribute differentially to IS-related and SS-related AMs. To elucidate this issue, we used fMRI to scan healthy young adults during the recollection of AMs. We performed multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) and assessed functional connectivity in the DMN subsystems: the midline core, medial temporal lobe (MTL), and dorsomedial pFC (dmPFC) subsystems. The study yielded two main sets of findings. First, MVPA revealed that all DMN subsystems showed significant classification accuracy between IS-related and nonsocial-self-related AMs, and IS-related functional connectivity of the midline core regions with the retrosplenial cortex of the MTL subsystem and the dmPFC of the dmPFC subsystem was significant. Second, MVPA significantly distinguished between SS-related and nonsocial-self-related AMs in the midline core and dmPFC subsystems but not in the MTL subsystem, and SS-related functional connectivity with the midline core regions was significant in the temporal pole and TPJ of the dmPFC subsystem. Thus, dissociable neural mechanisms in the DMN could contribute to different aspects of self-representation in social AMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeko Iwata
- Kyoto University
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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18
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Van Overwalle F, Ma Q, Haihambo N, Bylemans T, Catoira B, Firouzi M, Li M, Pu M, Heleven E, Baeken C, Baetens K, Deroost N. A Functional Atlas of the Cerebellum Based on NeuroSynth Task Coordinates. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:993-1012. [PMID: 37608227 PMCID: PMC11102394 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Although the human cerebellum has a surface that is about 80% of that of the cerebral cortex and has about four times as many neurons, its functional organization is still very much uncharted. Despite recent attempts to provide resting-state and task-based parcellations of the cerebellum, these two approaches lead to large discrepancies. This article describes a comprehensive task-based functional parcellation of the human cerebellum based on a large-scale functional database, NeuroSynth, involving an unprecedented diversity of tasks, which were reliably associated with ontological key terms referring to psychological functions. Involving over 44,500 participants from this database, we present a parcellation that exhibits replicability with earlier resting-state parcellations across cerebellar and neocortical structures. The functional parcellation of the cerebellum confirms the major networks revealed in prior work, including sensorimotor, directed (dorsal) attention, divided (ventral) attention, executive control, mentalizing (default mode) networks, tiny patches of a limbic network, and also a unilateral language network (but not the visual network), and the association of these networks with underlying ontological key terms confirms their major functionality. The networks are revealed at locations that are roughly similar to prior resting-state cerebellar parcellations, although they are less symmetric and more fragmented across the two hemispheres. This functional parcellation of the human cerebellum and associated key terms can provide a useful guide in designing studies to test specific functional hypotheses and provide a reference for interpreting the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Van Overwalle
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Qianying Ma
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Naem Haihambo
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Bylemans
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Beatriz Catoira
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mahyar Firouzi
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Meijia Li
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Min Pu
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elien Heleven
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Baetens
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Deroost
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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Spencer C, Mill RD, Bhanji JP, Delgado MR, Cole MW, Tricomi E. Acute psychosocial stress modulates neural and behavioral substrates of cognitive control. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26716. [PMID: 38798117 PMCID: PMC11128779 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute psychosocial stress affects learning, memory, and attention, but the evidence for the influence of stress on the neural processes supporting cognitive control remains mixed. We investigated how acute psychosocial stress influences performance and neural processing during the Go/NoGo task-an established cognitive control task. The experimental group underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) acute stress induction, whereas the control group completed personality questionnaires. Then, participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) Go/NoGo task, with self-report, blood pressure and salivary cortisol measurements of induced stress taken intermittently throughout the experimental session. The TSST was successful in eliciting a stress response, as indicated by significant Stress > Control between-group differences in subjective stress ratings and systolic blood pressure. We did not identify significant differences in cortisol levels, however. The stress induction also impacted subsequent Go/NoGo task performance, with participants who underwent the TSST making fewer commission errors on trials requiring the most inhibitory control (NoGo Green) relative to the control group, suggesting increased vigilance. Univariate analysis of fMRI task-evoked brain activity revealed no differences between stress and control groups for any region. However, using multivariate pattern analysis, stress and control groups were reliably differentiated by activation patterns contrasting the most demanding NoGo trials (i.e., NoGo Green trials) versus baseline in the medial intraparietal area (mIPA, affiliated with the dorsal attention network) and subregions of the cerebellum (affiliated with the default mode network). These results align with prior reports linking the mIPA and the cerebellum to visuomotor coordination, a function central to cognitive control processes underlying goal-directed behavior. This suggests that stressor-induced hypervigilance may produce a facilitative effect on response inhibition which is represented neurally by the activation patterns of cognitive control regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystal Spencer
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ravi D. Mill
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Jamil P. Bhanji
- Department of PsychologyRutgers UniversityNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Mauricio R. Delgado
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityNewarkNew JerseyUSA
- Department of PsychologyRutgers UniversityNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Michael W. Cole
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers UniversityNewarkNew JerseyUSA
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Islam MA, Sehar U, Sultana OF, Mukherjee U, Brownell M, Kshirsagar S, Reddy PH. SuperAgers and centenarians, dynamics of healthy ageing with cognitive resilience. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111936. [PMID: 38657874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Graceful healthy ageing and extended longevity is the most desired goal for human race. The process of ageing is inevitable and has a profound impact on the gradual deterioration of our physiology and health since it triggers the onset of many chronic conditions like dementia, osteoporosis, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. However, some people who lived/live more than 100 years called 'Centenarians" and how do they achieve their extended lifespans are not completely understood. Studying these unknown factors of longevity is important not only to establish a longer human lifespan but also to manage and treat people with shortened lifespans suffering from age-related morbidities. Furthermore, older adults who maintain strong cognitive function are referred to as "SuperAgers" and may be resistant to risk factors linked to cognitive decline. Investigating the mechanisms underlying their cognitive resilience may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies that support the preservation of cognitive function as people age. The key to a long, physically, and cognitively healthy life has been a mystery to scientists for ages. Developments in the medical sciences helps us to a better understanding of human physiological function and greater access to medical care has led us to an increase in life expectancy. Moreover, inheriting favorable genetic traits and adopting a healthy lifestyle play pivotal roles in promoting longer and healthier lives. Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a balanced diet, and avoiding harmful habits such as smoking contribute to overall well-being. The synergy between positive lifestyle choices, access to education, socio-economic factors, environmental determinants and genetic supremacy enhances the potential for a longer and healthier life. Our article aims to examine the factors associated with healthy ageing, particularly focusing on cognitive health in centenarians. We will also be discussing different aspects of ageing including genomic instability, metabolic burden, oxidative stress and inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, immunosenescence, and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ariful Islam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Omme Fatema Sultana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Upasana Mukherjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Malcolm Brownell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sudhir Kshirsagar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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21
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Lasch A, Schweikert T, Dora E, Kolb T, Schurig HL, Walther A. [Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Depression, Anxiety and Substance use Disorders: Neurobiological Basis and Clinical Application]. FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE-PSYCHIATRIE 2024; 92:230-245. [PMID: 37207669 DOI: 10.1055/a-2046-5202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Successful therapy of mental disorders is very important in view of the high level of suffering of those affected. Since established pharmaceutical and psychotherapeutic approaches do not lead to the desired improvement in all cases, complementary or alternative treatment methods are intensively researched. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy seems particularly promising, and has been approved in the USA for larger clinical trials. Psilocybin belongs to the group of psychedelics and influences psychological experiences. In assisted therapy, psilocybin is administered in controlled doses under medical supervision to patients with different mental disorders. In the studies conducted so far, longer-term positive effects could be shown after just one or a few doses. In order to provide a better understanding of the potential therapeutic mechanisms, this article will first describe neurobiological and psychological effects of psilocybin. To better assess the potential of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for various disorders, clinical studies conducted so far with patients administered psilocybin are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lasch
- Biopsychologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Timo Schweikert
- Psychotherapie und Systemneurowissenschaften, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Eva Dora
- Biopsychologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa Kolb
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Division Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hanne Lilian Schurig
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Division Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Zürich Psychologisches Institut, Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Gurguryan L, Fenerci C, Ngo N, Sheldon S. The Neural Corelates of Constructing Conceptual and Perceptual Representations of Autobiographical Memories. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:1350-1373. [PMID: 38683700 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Contemporary neurocognitive frameworks propose that conceptual and perceptual content of autobiographical memories-personal past experiences-are processed by dissociable neural systems. Other work has proposed a central role of the anterior hippocampus in initially constructing autobiographical memories, regardless of the content. Here, we report on an fMRI study that utilized a repeated retrieval paradigm to test these ideas. In an MRI scanner, participants retrieved autobiographical memories at three timepoints. During the third retrieval, participants either shifted their focus to the conceptual content of the memory, the perceptual content of the memory, or retrieved the memory as they had done so on previous trials. We observed stronger anterior hippocampal activity for the first retrieval compared with later retrievals, regardless of whether there was a shift in content in those later trials. We also found evidence for separate cortical systems when constructing autobiographical memories with a focus on conceptual or perceptual content. Finally, we found that there was common engagement between later retrievals that required a shift toward conceptual content and the initial retrieval of a memory. This final finding was explored further with a behavioral experiment that provided evidence that focusing on conceptual content of a memory guides memory construction, whereas perceptual content adds precision to a memory. Together, these findings suggest there are distinct content-oriented cortical systems that work with the anterior hippocampus to construct representations of autobiographical memories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nguyet Ngo
- McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Sanda P, Hlinka J, van den Berg M, Skoch A, Bazhenov M, Keliris GA, Krishnan GP. Cholinergic modulation supports dynamic switching of resting state networks through selective DMN suppression. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012099. [PMID: 38843298 PMCID: PMC11185486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain activity during the resting state is widely used to examine brain organization, cognition and alterations in disease states. While it is known that neuromodulation and the state of alertness impact resting-state activity, neural mechanisms behind such modulation of resting-state activity are unknown. In this work, we used a computational model to demonstrate that change in excitability and recurrent connections, due to cholinergic modulation, impacts resting-state activity. The results of such modulation in the model match closely with experimental work on direct cholinergic modulation of Default Mode Network (DMN) in rodents. We further extended our study to the human connectome derived from diffusion-weighted MRI. In human resting-state simulations, an increase in cholinergic input resulted in a brain-wide reduction of functional connectivity. Furthermore, selective cholinergic modulation of DMN closely captured experimentally observed transitions between the baseline resting state and states with suppressed DMN fluctuations associated with attention to external tasks. Our study thus provides insight into potential neural mechanisms for the effects of cholinergic neuromodulation on resting-state activity and its dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Sanda
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Hlinka
- Institute of Computer Science of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Monica van den Berg
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- μNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maxim Bazhenov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Georgios A. Keliris
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Giri P. Krishnan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Hedderly T, Eccles C, Malik O, Abdulsatar F, Mitchell C, Owen T, Soffer‐Dudek N, Grose C, Fernandez TV, Robinson S, Somer E. Intense Imagery Movements May Lead to Maladaptive Daydreaming: A Case Series and Literature Review. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2024; 11:716-719. [PMID: 38533626 PMCID: PMC11145148 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This case series highlights the connection between childhood intense imagery movements (IIM) and adult-reported maladaptive daydreaming (MD). Motor stereotypies occur in typically developing children and also with co-occurring neurodevelopmental differences. A subgroup with complex motor stereotypies reports accompanying intense imagery, often enhanced by the movements. This phenomenon can persist into adulthood and, in some cases, will need active management to prevent significant distress and impairment. CASES Six adults, self-reporting maladaptive daydreaming associated with stereotypies, are presented to demonstrate the associations. LITERATURE REVIEW The clinical significance and function of IIM and MD are unclear, but several hypotheses are discussed, including the mechanism of emotional regulation through sensory seeking, as a process for processing childhood psychological trauma, as intrusive thoughts or images as part of a subtype of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, or as a result of diverse attentional networks seen in neurodevelopmental disorders. CONCLUSIONS This paper highlights important connections between IIM and MD. Many adults with MD show a childhood origin of stereotypical movements. Whilst immersive daydreaming may provide creativity and emotional regulation, there is evidence of distress and impairment of function for some adults, leading to MD diagnoses. Recognizing this phenomenon is important for all neurologists and physicians working with stereotypical movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Hedderly
- Tic and Neurodevelopmental Movements Service (TANDeM), Children's Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Department of Women and Children's HealthSchool of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Claire Eccles
- Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation TrustLeedsUK
| | - Osman Malik
- Tic and Neurodevelopmental Movements Service (TANDeM), Children's Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Farah Abdulsatar
- Department of PaediatricsSchulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Clare Mitchell
- Department of PaediatricsSchulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Tamsin Owen
- Tic and Neurodevelopmental Movements Service (TANDeM), Children's Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Nirit Soffer‐Dudek
- Department of PsychologyBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeershebaIsrael
| | - Claire Grose
- Tic and Neurodevelopmental Movements Service (TANDeM), Children's Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Thomas V. Fernandez
- Child Study Center and Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Sally Robinson
- Essex Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, North East London NHS Foundation TrustRainhamUK
| | - Eli Somer
- Faculty of Social Welfare and Health StudiesUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
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Fanelli G, Robinson J, Fabbri C, Bralten J, Roth Mota N, Arenella M, Sprooten E, Franke B, Kas M, Andlauer TFM, Serretti A. Shared genetics linking sociability with the brain's default mode network. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.24.24307883. [PMID: 38826220 PMCID: PMC11142265 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.24307883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The brain's default mode network (DMN) plays a role in social cognition, with altered DMN function being associated with social impairments across various neuropsychiatric disorders. In the present study, we examined the genetic relationship between sociability and DMN-related resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) traits. To this end, we used genome-wide association summary statistics for sociability and 31 activity and 64 connectivity DMN-related rs-fMRI traits (N=34,691-342,461). First, we examined global and local genetic correlations between sociability and the rs-fMRI traits. Second, to assess putatively causal relationships between the traits, we conducted bi-directional Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses. Finally, we prioritised genes influencing both sociability and rs-fMRI traits by combining three methods: gene-expression eQTL MR analyses, the CELLECT framework using single-nucleus RNA-seq data, and network propagation in the context of a protein-protein interaction network. Significant local genetic correlations were found between sociability and two rs-fMRI traits, one representing spontaneous activity within the temporal cortex, the other representing connectivity between the frontal/cingulate and angular/temporal cortices. Sociability affected 12 rs-fMRI traits when allowing for weakly correlated genetic instruments. Combing all three methods for gene prioritisation, we defined 17 highly prioritised genes, with DRD2 and LINGO1 showing the most robust evidence across all analyses. By integrating genetic and transcriptomics data, our gene prioritisation strategy may serve as a blueprint for future studies. The prioritised genes could be explored as potential biomarkers for social dysfunction in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders and as drug target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Fanelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jamie Robinson
- Global Computational Biology and Data Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Roth Mota
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Arenella
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Till FM Andlauer
- Global Computational Biology and Data Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
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26
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Logemann-Molnár Z, Veres-Székely A, Demetrovics Z, Logemann HNA. Mindfulness and inhibitory control: Insights from the stop signal task with neutral and reward-associated stimuli. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303384. [PMID: 38776292 PMCID: PMC11111087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness has been linked to enhanced inhibitory control, yet the dynamics of this relationship, especially in reward situations, are not well understood. Our cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationship between trait mindfulness and a performance measure of inhibitory control as a function of reward context operationalized by stimuli characteristics, and temporal inhibitory demands. Thirty-six individuals aged 19 to 41 filled out the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and performed a stop signal task (SST), that included both neutral (stone images) and reward-related (money images) stimuli. The SST encompassed four conditions: neutral go/neutral stop, neutral go/reward stop, reward go/neutral stop, and reward go/reward stop, requiring participants to suppress reactions either during or after encountering reward-related stimuli. The relevant index of inhibitory control is the stop signal reaction time (SSRT), a performance measure of inhibitory control. Our findings showed no notable variation in the relationship between the MAAS score and SSRT across the different conditions. However, there was an overall significant effect of MAAS score on SSRT, irrespective of condition. Results may reflect the benefit of mindfulness on inhibitory control after generalized reward exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Logemann-Molnár
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Research on Adult Education and Knowledge Management, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Veres-Székely
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Adaptation Research Group, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - H. N. Alexander Logemann
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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27
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Lapate RC, Heckner MK, Phan AT, Tambini A, D'Esposito M. Information-based TMS to mid-lateral prefrontal cortex disrupts action goals during emotional processing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4294. [PMID: 38769359 PMCID: PMC11106324 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability to respond to emotional events in a context-sensitive and goal-oriented manner is essential for adaptive functioning. In models of behavioral and emotion regulation, the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is postulated to maintain goal-relevant representations that promote cognitive control, an idea rarely tested with causal inference. Here, we altered mid-LPFC function in healthy individuals using a putatively inhibitory brain stimulation protocol (continuous theta burst; cTBS), followed by fMRI scanning. Participants performed the Affective Go/No-Go task, which requires goal-oriented action during affective processing. We targeted mid-LPFC (vs. a Control site) based on the individualized location of action-goal representations observed during the task. cTBS to mid-LPFC reduced action-goal representations in mid-LPFC and impaired goal-oriented action, particularly during processing of negative emotional cues. During negative-cue processing, cTBS to mid-LPFC reduced functional coupling between mid-LPFC and nodes of the default mode network, including frontopolar cortex-a region thought to modulate LPFC control signals according to internal states. Collectively, these results indicate that mid-LPFC goal-relevant representations play a causal role in governing context-sensitive cognitive control during emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Lapate
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - M K Heckner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - A T Phan
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Tambini
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M D'Esposito
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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28
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Shao X, Krieger-Redwood K, Zhang M, Hoffman P, Lanzoni L, Leech R, Smallwood J, Jefferies E. Distinctive and Complementary Roles of Default Mode Network Subsystems in Semantic Cognition. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1907232024. [PMID: 38589231 PMCID: PMC11097276 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1907-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) typically deactivates to external tasks, yet supports semantic cognition. It comprises medial temporal (MT), core, and frontotemporal (FT) subsystems, but its functional organization is unclear: the requirement for perceptual coupling versus decoupling, input modality (visual/verbal), type of information (social/spatial), and control demands all potentially affect its recruitment. We examined the effect of these factors on activation and deactivation of DMN subsystems during semantic cognition, across four task-based human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets, and localized these responses in whole-brain state space defined by gradients of intrinsic connectivity. FT showed activation consistent with a central role across domains, tasks, and modalities, although it was most responsive to abstract, verbal tasks; this subsystem uniquely showed more "tuned" states characterized by increases in both activation and deactivation when semantic retrieval demands were higher. MT also activated to both perceptually coupled (scenes) and decoupled (autobiographical memory) tasks and showed stronger responses to picture associations, consistent with a role in scene construction. Core DMN consistently showed deactivation, especially to externally oriented tasks. These diverse contributions of DMN subsystems to semantic cognition were related to their location on intrinsic connectivity gradients: activation was closer to the sensory-motor cortex than deactivation, particularly for FT and MT, while activation for core DMN was distant from both visual cortex and cognitive control. These results reveal distinctive yet complementary DMN responses: MT and FT support different memory-based representations that are accessed externally and internally, while deactivation in core DMN is associated with demanding, external semantic tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Shao
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Meichao Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioural Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Paul Hoffman
- School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilla Lanzoni
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Leech
- Centre for Neuroimaging Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Smallwood
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Jefferies
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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29
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Ke M, Luo X, Guo Y, Zhang J, Ren X, Liu G. Alterations in spatiotemporal characteristics of dynamic networks in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07506-8. [PMID: 38704479 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is characterized by altered patterns of brain functional connectivity (FC). However, the nature and extent of alterations in the spatiotemporal characteristics of dynamic FC in JME patients remain elusive. Dynamic networks effectively encapsulate temporal variations in brain imaging data, offering insights into brain network abnormalities and contributing to our understanding of the seizure mechanisms and origins. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were procured from 37 JME patients and 37 healthy counterparts. Forty-seven network nodes were identified by group-independent component analysis (ICA) to construct the dynamic network. Ultimately, patients' and controls' spatiotemporal characteristics, encompassing temporal clustering and variability, were contrasted at the whole-brain, large-scale network, and regional levels. RESULTS Our findings reveal a marked reduction in temporal clustering and an elevation in temporal variability in JME patients at the whole-brain echelon. Perturbations were notably pronounced in the default mode network (DMN) and visual network (VN) at the large-scale level. Nodes exhibiting anomalous were predominantly situated within the DMN and VN. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the severity of JME symptoms and the temporal clustering of the VN. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that excessive temporal changes in brain FC may affect the temporal structure of dynamic brain networks, leading to disturbances in brain function in patients with JME. The DMN and VN play an important role in the dynamics of brain networks in patients, and their abnormal spatiotemporal properties may underlie abnormal brain function in patients with JME in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ke
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Xiaofei Luo
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yi Guo
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Juli Zhang
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Xupeng Ren
- School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
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Setton R, Wynn JS, Schacter DL. Peering into the future: Eye movements predict neural repetition effects during episodic simulation. Neuropsychologia 2024; 197:108852. [PMID: 38508374 PMCID: PMC11140475 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Imagining future scenarios involves recombining different elements of past experiences into a coherent event, a process broadly supported by the brain's default network. Prior work suggests that distinct brain regions may contribute to the inclusion of different simulation features. Here we examine how activity in these brain regions relates to the vividness of future simulations. Thirty-four healthy young adults imagined future events with familiar people and locations in a two-part study involving a repetition suppression paradigm. First, participants imagined events while their eyes were tracked during a behavioral session. Immediately after, participants imagined events during MRI scanning. The events to be imagined were manipulated such that some were identical to those imagined in the behavioral session while others involved new locations, new people, or both. In this way, we could examine how self-report ratings and eye movements predict brain activity during simulation along with specific simulation features. Vividness ratings were negatively correlated with eye movements, in contrast to an often-observed positive relationship with past recollection. Moreover, fewer eye movements predicted greater involvement of the hippocampus during simulation, an effect specific to location features. Our findings suggest that eye movements may facilitate scene construction for future thinking, lending support to frameworks that spatial information forms the foundation of episodic simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Setton
- Harvard University, Department of Psychology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Jordana S Wynn
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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Souter NE, de Freitas A, Zhang M, Shao X, del Jesus Gonzalez Alam TR, Engen H, Smallwood J, Krieger‐Redwood K, Jefferies E. Default mode network shows distinct emotional and contextual responses yet common effects of retrieval demands across tasks. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26703. [PMID: 38716714 PMCID: PMC11077571 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) lies towards the heteromodal end of the principal gradient of intrinsic connectivity, maximally separated from the sensory-motor cortex. It supports memory-based cognition, including the capacity to retrieve conceptual and evaluative information from sensory inputs, and to generate meaningful states internally; however, the functional organisation of DMN that can support these distinct modes of retrieval remains unclear. We used fMRI to examine whether activation within subsystems of DMN differed as a function of retrieval demands, or the type of association to be retrieved, or both. In a picture association task, participants retrieved semantic associations that were either contextual or emotional in nature. Participants were asked to avoid generating episodic associations. In the generate phase, these associations were retrieved from a novel picture, while in the switch phase, participants retrieved a new association for the same image. Semantic context and emotion trials were associated with dissociable DMN subnetworks, indicating that a key dimension of DMN organisation relates to the type of association being accessed. The frontotemporal and medial temporal DMN showed a preference for emotional and semantic contextual associations, respectively. Relative to the generate phase, the switch phase recruited clusters closer to the heteromodal apex of the principal gradient-a cortical hierarchy separating unimodal and heteromodal regions. There were no differences in this effect between association types. Instead, memory switching was associated with a distinct subnetwork associated with controlled internal cognition. These findings delineate distinct patterns of DMN recruitment for different kinds of associations yet common responses across tasks that reflect retrieval demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E. Souter
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- School of PsychologyUniversity of SussexBrightonUK
| | - Antonia de Freitas
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- Experimental Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language SciencesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Meichao Zhang
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral ScienceInstitute of PsychologyBeijingChina
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ximing Shao
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- Experimental Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language SciencesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Haakon Engen
- Institute for Military Psychiatry, Joint Medical ServicesNorwegian Armed ForcesNorway
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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Lv K, Zhang C, Liu B, Yang A, Luan J, Hu P, Yao Z, Liu J, Ma G. White matter structural changes before and after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:959-970. [PMID: 38502329 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a syndrome characterized by involuntary contractions of the facial muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. Currently, microvascular decompression (MVD) is an effective treatment for HFS. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a non-invasive advanced magnetic resonance technique that allows us to reconstruct white matter (WM) virtually based on water diffusion direction. This enables us to model the human brain as a complex network using graph theory. In our study, we recruited 32 patients with HFS and 32 healthy controls to analyze and compare the topological organization of whole-brain white matter networks between the groups. We also explored the potential relationships between altered topological properties and clinical outcomes. Compared to the HC group, the white matter network was disrupted in both preoperative and postoperative groups of HFS patients, mainly located in the somatomotor network, limbic network, and default network (All P < 0.05, FDR corrected). There was no significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative groups (P > 0.05, FDR corrected). There was a correlation between the altered topological properties and clinical outcomes in the postoperative group of patients (All P < 0.05, FDR corrected). Our findings indicate that in HFS, the white matter structural network was disrupted before and after MVD, and that these alterations in the postoperative group were correlated with the clinical outcomes. White matter alteration here described may subserve as potential biomarkers for HFS and may help us identify patients with HFS who can benefit from MVD and thus can help us make a proper surgical patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Lv
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanpeng Zhang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Aocai Yang
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jixin Luan
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pianpian Hu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zeshan Yao
- Jingjinji National Center of Technology Innovation, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Guolin Ma
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Qiu T, Liu Z, Rheault F, Legarreta JH, Valcourt Caron A, St‐Onge F, Strikwerda‐Brown C, Metz A, Dadar M, Soucy J, Pichet Binette A, Spreng RN, Descoteaux M, Villeneuve S. Structural white matter properties and cognitive resilience to tau pathology. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:3364-3377. [PMID: 38561254 PMCID: PMC11095478 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We assessed whether macro- and/or micro-structural white matter properties are associated with cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's disease pathology years prior to clinical onset. METHODS We examined whether global efficiency, an indicator of communication efficiency in brain networks, and diffusion measurements within the limbic network and default mode network moderate the association between amyloid-β/tau pathology and cognitive decline. We also investigated whether demographic and health/risk factors are associated with white matter properties. RESULTS Higher global efficiency of the limbic network, as well as free-water corrected diffusion measures within the tracts of both networks, attenuated the impact of tau pathology on memory decline. Education, age, sex, white matter hyperintensities, and vascular risk factors were associated with white matter properties of both networks. DISCUSSION White matter can influence cognitive resilience against tau pathology, and promoting education and vascular health may enhance optimal white matter properties. HIGHLIGHTS Aβ and tau were associated with longitudinal memory change over ∼7.5 years. White matter properties attenuated the impact of tau pathology on memory change. Health/risk factors were associated with white matter properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Qiu
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontrealCanada
| | - Zhen‐Qi Liu
- Montreal Neurological InstituteDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - François Rheault
- Medical Imaging and NeuroInformatics LabUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada
| | - Jon Haitz Legarreta
- Department of RadiologyBrigham and Women's HospitalMass General Brigham/Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alex Valcourt Caron
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging LaboratoryUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada
| | | | - Cherie Strikwerda‐Brown
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontrealCanada
- School of Psychological ScienceThe University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
| | - Amelie Metz
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontrealCanada
| | - Mahsa Dadar
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontrealCanada
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Jean‐Paul Soucy
- Montreal Neurological InstituteDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | | | - R. Nathan Spreng
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontrealCanada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging LaboratoryUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontrealCanada
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
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Jafari Z, Kolb BE, Mohajerani MH. A systematic review of altered resting-state networks in early deafness and implications for cochlear implantation outcomes. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2596-2615. [PMID: 38441248 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Auditory deprivation following congenital/pre-lingual deafness (C/PD) can drastically affect brain development and its functional organisation. This systematic review intends to extend current knowledge of the impact of C/PD and deafness duration on brain resting-state networks (RSNs), review changes in RSNs and spoken language outcomes post-cochlear implant (CI) and draw conclusions for future research. The systematic literature search followed the PRISMA guideline. Two independent reviewers searched four electronic databases using combined keywords: 'auditory deprivation', 'congenital/prelingual deafness', 'resting-state functional connectivity' (RSFC), 'resting-state fMRI' and 'cochlear implant'. Seventeen studies (16 cross-sectional and one longitudinal) met the inclusion criteria. Using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool, the publications' quality was rated between 65.0% and 92.5% (mean: 84.10%), ≥80% in 13 out of 17 studies. A few studies were deficient in sampling and/or ethical considerations. According to the findings, early auditory deprivation results in enhanced RSFC between the auditory network and brain networks involved in non-verbal communication, and high levels of spontaneous neural activity in the auditory cortex before CI are evidence of occupied auditory cortical areas with other sensory modalities (cross-modal plasticity) and sub-optimal CI outcomes. Overall, current evidence supports the idea that moreover intramodal and cross-modal plasticity, the entire brain adaptation following auditory deprivation contributes to spoken language development and compensatory behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jafari
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders (SCSD), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Bryan E Kolb
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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He R, Al-Tamimi J, Sánchez-Benavides G, Montaña-Valverde G, Domingo Gispert J, Grau-Rivera O, Suárez-Calvet M, Minguillon C, Fauria K, Navarro A, Hinzen W. Atypical cortical hierarchy in Aβ-positive older adults and its reflection in spontaneous speech. Brain Res 2024; 1830:148806. [PMID: 38365129 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal deposition of Aβ amyloid is an early neuropathological marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD), arising long ahead of clinical symptoms. Non-invasive measures of associated early neurofunctional changes, together with easily accessible behavioral readouts of these changes, could be of great clinical benefit. We pursued this aim by investigating large-scale cortical gradients of functional connectivity with functional MRI, which capture the hierarchical integration of cortical functions, together with acoustic-prosodic features from spontaneous speech, in cognitively unimpaired older adults with and without Aβ positivity (total N = 188). We predicted distortions of the cortical hierarchy associated with prosodic changes in the Aβ + group. Results confirmed substantially altered cortical hierarchies and less variability in these in the Aβ + group, together with an increase in quantitative prosodic measures, which correlated with gradient variability as well as digit span test scores. Overall, these findings confirm that long before the clinical stage and objective cognitive impairment, increased risk of cognitive decline as indexed by Aβ accumulation is marked by neurofunctional changes in the cortical hierarchy, which are related to automatically extractable speech patterns and alterations in working memory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Department of Translation & Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jalal Al-Tamimi
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle (LLF), CNRS, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Neurosciences Department, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Neurosciences Department, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBERBBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Grau-Rivera
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Neurosciences Department, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Servei de Neurologia, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Suárez-Calvet
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Neurosciences Department, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Servei de Neurologia, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Minguillon
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Neurosciences Department, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karine Fauria
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arcadi Navarro
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wolfram Hinzen
- Department of Translation & Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Ryom KI, Basu A, Stendardi D, Ciaramelli E, Treves A. Taking time to compose thoughts with prefrontal schemata. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:1101-1114. [PMID: 38483564 PMCID: PMC11078815 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Under what conditions can prefrontal cortex direct the composition of brain states, to generate coherent streams of thoughts? Using a simplified Potts model of cortical dynamics, crudely differentiated into two halves, we show that once activity levels are regulated, so as to disambiguate a single temporal sequence, whether the contents of the sequence are mainly determined by the frontal or by the posterior half, or by neither, depends on statistical parameters that describe its microcircuits. The frontal cortex tends to lead if it has more local attractors, longer lasting and stronger ones, in order of increasing importance. Its guidance is particularly effective to the extent that posterior cortices do not tend to transition from state to state on their own. The result may be related to prefrontal cortex enforcing its temporally-oriented schemata driving coherent sequences of brain states, unlike the atemporal "context" contributed by the hippocampus. Modelling a mild prefrontal (vs. posterior) lesion offers an account of mind-wandering and event construction deficits observed in prefrontal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Il Ryom
- SISSA - Cognitive Neuroscience, via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anindita Basu
- SISSA - Cognitive Neuroscience, via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Debora Stendardi
- Dip. Psicologia Renzo Canestrari, Univ. Bologna, Viale C. Berti-Pichat 5, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Ciaramelli
- Dip. Psicologia Renzo Canestrari, Univ. Bologna, Viale C. Berti-Pichat 5, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Treves
- SISSA - Cognitive Neuroscience, via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
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Lee Y, Chahal R, Gotlib IH. The default mode network is associated with changes in internalizing and externalizing problems differently in adolescent boys and girls. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:834-843. [PMID: 36847268 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Internalizing and externalizing problems that emerge during adolescence differentially increase boys' and girls' risk for developing psychiatric disorders. It is not clear, however, whether there are sex differences in the intrinsic functional architecture of the brain that underlie changes in the severity of internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents. Using resting-state fMRI data and self-reports of behavioral problems obtained from 128 adolescents (73 females; 9-14 years old) at two timepoints, we conducted multivoxel pattern analysis to identify resting-state functional connectivity markers at baseline that predict changes in the severity of internalizing and externalizing problems in boys and girls 2 years later. We found sex-differentiated involvement of the default mode network in changes in internalizing and externalizing problems. Whereas changes in internalizing problems were associated with the dorsal medial subsystem in boys and with the medial temporal subsystem in girls, changes in externalizing problems were predicted by hyperconnectivity between core nodes of the DMN and frontoparietal network in boys and hypoconnectivity between the DMN and affective networks in girls. Our results suggest that different neural mechanisms predict changes in internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescent boys and girls and offer insights concerning mechanisms that underlie sex differences in the expression of psychopathology in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Lee
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rajpreet Chahal
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Zhang H, Zhao L, Lu X, Peng W, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Hu L, Cao J, Tu Y. Multimodal covarying brain patterns mediate genetic and psychological contributions to individual differences in pain sensitivity. Pain 2024; 165:1074-1085. [PMID: 37943083 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Individuals vary significantly in their pain sensitivity, with contributions from the brain, genes, and psychological factors. However, a multidimensional model integrating these factors is lacking due to their complex interactions. To address this, we measured pain sensitivity (ie, pain threshold and pain tolerance) using the cold pressor test, collected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and genetic data, and evaluated psychological factors (ie, pain catastrophizing, pain-related fear, and pain-related anxiety) from 450 healthy participants with both sexes (160 male, 290 female). Using multimodal MRI fusion methods, we identified 2 pairs of covarying structural and functional brain patterns associated with pain threshold and tolerance, respectively. These patterns primarily involved regions related to self-awareness, sensory-discriminative, cognitive-evaluative, motion preparation and execution, and emotional aspects of pain. Notably, pain catastrophizing was negatively correlated with pain tolerance, and this relationship was mediated by the multimodal covarying brain patterns in male participants only. Furthermore, we identified an association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs4141964 within the fatty acid amide hydrolase gene and pain threshold, mediated by the identified multimodal covarying brain patterns across all participants. In summary, we suggested a model that integrates the brain, genes, and psychological factors to elucidate their role in shaping interindividual variations in pain sensitivity, highlighting the important contribution of the multimodal covarying brain patterns as important biological mediators in the associations between genes/psychological factors and pain sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejing Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Peng
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yiheng Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yassin W, de Moura FB, Withey SL, Cao L, Kangas BD, Bergman J, Kohut SJ. Resting state networks of awake adolescent and adult squirrel monkeys using ultra-high field (9.4T) functional magnetic resonance imaging. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0173-23.2024. [PMID: 38627065 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0173-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Resting state networks (RSNs) are increasingly forwarded as candidate biomarkers for neuropsychiatric disorders. Such biomarkers may provide objective measures for evaluating novel therapeutic interventions in nonhuman primates often used in translational neuroimaging research. This study aimed to characterize the RSNs of awake squirrel monkeys and compare the characteristics of those networks in adolescent and adult subjects. Twenty-seven squirrel monkeys (n=12 adolescents [6 male/6 female] ∼2.5 years and n=15 adults [7 male/8 female] ∼9.5 years) were gradually acclimated to awake scanning procedures; whole-brain fMRI images were acquired with a 9.4 Tesla scanner. Group level independent component (ICA) analysis (30 ICs) with dual regression was used to detect and compare RSNs. Twenty ICs corresponding to physiologically meaningful networks representing a range of neural functions, including motor, sensory, reward, and cognitive processes were identified in both adolescent and adult monkeys. The reproducibility of these RSNs was evaluated across several ICA model orders. Adults showed a trend for greater connectivity compared to adolescent subjects in two of the networks of interest: (1) in the right occipital region with the OFC network and (2) in the left temporal cortex, bilateral occipital cortex, and cerebellum with the posterior cingulate network. However, when age was entered into the above model, this trend for significance was lost. These results demonstrate that squirrel monkey RSNs are stable and consistent with RSNs previously identified in humans, rodents, and other nonhuman primate species. These data also identify several networks in adolescence that are conserved and others that may change into adulthood.Significance Statement Functional magnetic resonance imaging procedures have revealed important information about how the brain is modified by experimental manipulations, disease states, and aging throughout the lifespan. Preclinical neuroimaging, especially in nonhuman primates, has become a frequently used means to answer targeted questions related to brain resting-state functional connectivity. The present study characterized resting state networks (RSNs) in adult and adolescent squirrel monkeys; twenty RSNs corresponding to networks representing a range of neural functions were identified. The RSNs identified here can be utilized in future studies examining the effects of experimental manipulations on brain connectivity in squirrel monkeys. These data also may be useful for comparative analysis with other primate species to provide an evolutionary perspective for understanding brain function and organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walin Yassin
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Fernando B de Moura
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Sarah L Withey
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Lei Cao
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
| | - Brian D Kangas
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Jack Bergman
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
| | - Stephen J Kohut
- Behavioral Neuroimaging Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478
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40
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Li M, Pu M, Ma Q, Heleven E, Baeken C, Baetens K, Deroost N, Van Overwalle F. One step too far: social cerebellum in norm-violating navigation. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2024; 19:nsae027. [PMID: 38536051 PMCID: PMC11037276 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Social norms are pivotal in guiding social interactions. The current study investigated the potential contribution of the posterior cerebellum, a critical region involved in perceiving and comprehending the sequential dynamics of social actions, in detecting actions that either conform to or deviate from social norms. Participants engaged in a goal-directed task in which they observed others navigating towards a goal. The trajectories demonstrated either norm-violating (trespassing forbidden zones) or norm-following behaviors (avoiding forbidden zones). Results revealed that observing social norm-violating behaviors engaged the bilateral posterior cerebellar Crus 2 and the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) from the mentalizing network, and the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) to a greater extent than observing norm-following behaviors. These mentalizing regions were also activated when comparing social sequences against non-social and non-sequential control conditions. Reproducing norm-violating social trajectories observed earlier, activated the left cerebellar Crus 2 and the right PHG compared to reproducing norm-following trajectories. These findings illuminate the neural mechanisms in the cerebellum associated with detecting norm transgressions during social navigation, emphasizing the role of the posterior cerebellum in detecting and signaling deviations from anticipated sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Li
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Min Pu
- Department of Decision Neuroscience and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - Qianying Ma
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
- Language Pathology and Brain Science MEG Lab, School of Communication Sciences, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Elien Heleven
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital (UZBrussel), Brussels 1090, Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600, Netherlands
| | - Kris Baetens
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Natacha Deroost
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Overwalle
- Faculty of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels 1050, Belgium
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Schurz M, Berenz JP, Maerz J, Perla R, Buchheim A, Labek K. Brain Activation for Social Cognition and Emotion Processing Tasks in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Neuroimaging Studies. Brain Sci 2024; 14:395. [PMID: 38672044 PMCID: PMC11048542 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present meta-analysis summarizes brain activation for social cognition and emotion-processing tasks in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We carried out two meta-analyses to elaborate on commonalities and potential differences between the two types of tasks. In the first meta-analysis, we implemented a more liberal strategy for task selection (including social and emotional content). The results confirmed previously reported hyperactivations in patients with BPD in the bilateral amygdala and prefrontal cortex and hypoactivations in bilateral inferior frontal gyri. When applying a stricter approach to task selection, focusing narrowly on social cognition tasks, we only found activation in prefrontal areas, particularly in the anterior cingulate and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. We review the role of these areas in social cognition in healthy adults, suggesting that the observed BPD hyperactivations may reflect an overreliance on self-related thought in social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schurz
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, and Digital Science Center (DiSC), University of Innsbruck, Universitätsstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jan-Patrick Berenz
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Universitätsstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jeff Maerz
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Universitätsstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Raphael Perla
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, and Digital Science Center (DiSC), University of Innsbruck, Universitätsstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Buchheim
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Universitätsstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karin Labek
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Universitätsstrasse 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Jin P, Wang F, Zeng F, Yu J, Cui F, Yang B, Zhang L. Revealing the mechanism of central pain hypersensitivity in primary dysmenorrhea: evidence from neuroimaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2024; 14:3075-3085. [PMID: 38617141 PMCID: PMC11007516 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-1687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is the most common problem in menstruating women. A number of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study have revealed that the brain plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of PDM. However, these results have been inconsistent, and there is a lack of a comprehensive fMRI study to clarify the onset and long-term effects of PDM. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the onset and long-term effects of PDM in a cohort of patients with PDM. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional design with prospective data collection, in which 25 patients with PDM and 20 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The patients with PDM underwent fMRI scans both during the PDM during the pain phase (PDM-P) and nonpain phase (PDM-NP). The long-term effects of PDM on the brain was assessed by comparing PDM-NP findings with those of HCs, and the central mechanism of PDM was assessed by comparing the PDM-P findings with those of PDM-NP. To identify changes in brain function, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations and the regional homogeneity (ReHo) were measured. To assess changes in brain structure, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was applied. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) was set as a region of for conducting seed-based whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Subsequently, Pearson correlation analyses were employed to evaluate the associations between the abnormal brain region and the clinical information of the patients. Results There were neither functional nor structural differences between patients in the PDM-NP and HCs. Compared with those in PDM-NP, those in PDM-P showed increased ReHo in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) but decreased FC between PAG and right superior parietal gyrus, bilateral inferior parietal gyrus, right calcarine gyrus, left superior occipital gyrus, left precentral gyrus, right DLPFC, and left crus I of the cerebellar hemisphere. Conclusions The results from this study suggest that the mechanism of central pain hypersensitivity of PDM may be related to the disorder of the FC between the PAG and descending pain modulation system, default mode network (DMN), and occipital lobe. These findings could help us better understand the pathophysiology of PDM from a neuroimaging perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jin
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangli Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanfan Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Cui
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingkui Yang
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luping Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Krieger-Redwood K, Wang X, Souter N, Gonzalez Alam TRDJ, Smallwood J, Jackson RL, Jefferies E. Graded and sharp transitions in semantic function in left temporal lobe. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2024; 251:105402. [PMID: 38484446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Recent work has focussed on how patterns of functional change within the temporal lobe relate to whole-brain dimensions of intrinsic connectivity variation (Margulies et al., 2016). We examined two such 'connectivity gradients' reflecting the separation of (i) unimodal versus heteromodal and (ii) visual versus auditory-motor cortex, examining visually presented verbal associative and feature judgments, plus picture-based context and emotion generation. Functional responses along the first dimension sometimes showed graded change between modality-tuned and heteromodal cortex (in the verbal matching task), and other times showed sharp functional transitions, with deactivation at the extremes and activation in the middle of this gradient (internal generation). The second gradient revealed more visual than auditory-motor activation, regardless of content (associative, feature, context, emotion) or task process (matching/generation). We also uncovered subtle differences across each gradient for content type, which predominantly manifested as differences in relative magnitude of activation or deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Krieger-Redwood
- Department of Psychology, York Neuroimaging Centre, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Xiuyi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nicholas Souter
- Department of Psychology, York Neuroimaging Centre, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Rebecca L Jackson
- Department of Psychology, York Neuroimaging Centre, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Jefferies
- Department of Psychology, York Neuroimaging Centre, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, United Kingdom.
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Wannemueller A, Margraf J, Busch M, Jöhren HP, Suchan B. More than fear? Brain activation patterns of dental phobic patients before and after an exposure-based treatment. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:393-404. [PMID: 38424282 PMCID: PMC11016127 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hyperactivation of brain networks conferring defensive mobilization is assumed to underlie inappropriate defensive-preparation in patients with Specific Phobia. However, studies targeting Dental Phobia (DP) yielded quite heterogeneous results and research concerning the effects of exposure treatments on phobic brain activation so far is missing. This functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study aimed to investigate activation patterns in DP patients during exposure to phobia-related stimuli and the effects of an exposure-based fear treatment on phobia-related activation. Seventeen patients with DP and seventeen non-phobic, healthy controls participated in this fMRI experiment presenting dental-related and neutral auditory and visual stimuli. After completing a short exposure-based CBT program, patients were scanned a second time to illustrate treatment-related changes in brain activation patterns. Pre-treatment fMRI results demonstrate enhanced activation in DP-patients mainly in the precuneus and lateral parietal cortex. Moreover, a small activation focus was observed in the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as parts of classically fear-related structures. Activation in all these clusters decreased significantly from pre- to post-treatment assessment and in the case of the ACC was correlated with dental fear reduction. Activation changes in the precuneus and lateral parietal cortex suggest a pronounced first-person perspective memory processing including a vivid recall of contextual information from an egocentric perspective triggered by exposure to phobia-related stimuli. Besides a treatment-sensitive hyperactivity of fear-sensitive structures, DP may also be characterized by a disturbed memory retrieval that can be reorganized by successful exposure treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Wannemueller
- Center for the Study and Treatment of Mental Health, Ruhr University Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Center for the Study and Treatment of Mental Health, Ruhr University Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Busch
- Grönemeyer-Institut for Microtherapy, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Boris Suchan
- Clinical Neuropsychology, Neuropsychological Therapy Centre, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Yin H. Different emotion regulation strategies mediate the relations of corresponding connections within the default-mode network to sleep quality. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:302-314. [PMID: 38057650 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite a long history of interest in the relation of emotion regulation to sleep quality, how different strategies link with sleep quality at the neural level is still poorly understood. Thus, we utilized the process model of emotion regulation as an organizing framework for examining the neurological underpinning of the links between the two emotion regulation strategies and sleep quality. 183 young adults (51.7% females, Mage = 22.16) were guided to undergo the MRI scans and then complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the emotion regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) formed by two dimensions: cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Results found that emotion regulation mediated the association between functional connectivity within the intrinsic default-mode network (DMN) and sleep quality. Specifically, rsFC analysis showed that cognitive reappraisal was positively correlated with rsFC within DMN, including left superior temporal gyrus (lSTG)-left lateral occipital cortex (lLOC), lSTG-left anterior cingulate gyrus (lACG), right lateral occipital cortex (rLOC)-left middle frontal gyrus (lMFG), and rLOC-lSTG. Further mediation analysis indicated a mediated role of cognitive reappraisal in the links between the four connectivity within the DMN and sleep quality. In addition, expressive suppression was positively correlated with rsFC within DMN, including left precuneus cortex (lPrcu)-right Temporal Pole (rTP) and lPrcu- lSTG. Further mediation analysis indicated a mediated role of expressive suppression in the links between the two connectivity within the DMN and sleep quality. Overall, this finding supports the process model of emotion regulation in that the effects of reappraisal and suppression have varying neural circuits that impact that strategy's effect on sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
- Centre for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
- Centre for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huazhan Yin
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
- Centre for Mind & Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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Ahmed AK, Zhuo J, Gullapalli RP, Jiang L, Keaser ML, Greenspan JD, Chen C, Miller TR, Melhem ER, Sansur CA, Eisenberg HM, Gandhi D. Focused Ultrasound Central Lateral Thalamotomy for the Treatment of Refractory Neuropathic Pain: Phase I Trial. Neurosurgery 2024; 94:690-699. [PMID: 37947407 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) central lateral thalamotomy (CLT) has not yet been validated for treating refractory neuropathic pain (NP). Our aim was to assess the safety and potential efficacy of MRgFUS CLT for refractory NP. METHODS In this prospective, nonrandomized, single-arm, investigator-initiated phase I trial, patients with NP for more than 6 months related to phantom limb pain, spinal cord injury, or radiculopathy/radicular injury and who had undergone at least one previous failed intervention were eligible. The main outcomes were safety profile and pain as assessed using the brief pain inventory, the pain disability index, and the numeric rating scale. Medication use and the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) were also assessed. RESULTS Ten patients were enrolled, with nine achieving successful ablation. There were no serious adverse events and 12 mild/moderate severity events. The mean age was 50.9 years (SD: 12.7), and the mean symptom duration was 12.3 years (SD: 9.7). Among eight patients with a 1-year follow-up, the brief pain inventory decreased from 7.6 (SD: 1.1) to 3.8 (SD: 2.8), with a mean percent decrease of 46.3 (SD: 40.6) (paired t -test, P = .017). The mean pain disability index decreased from 43.0 (SD: 7.5) to 25.8 (SD: 16.8), with a mean percent decrease of 39.3 (SD: 41.6) ( P = .034). Numeric rating scale scores decreased from a mean of 7.2 (SD: 1.8) to 4.0 (SD: 2.8), with a mean percent decrease of 42.8 (SD: 37.8) ( P = .024). Patients with predominantly intermittent pain or with allodynia responded better than patients with continuous pain or without allodynia, respectively. Some patients decreased medication use. Resting-state functional connectivity changes were noted, from disruption of the DMN at baseline to reactivation of connectivity between DMN nodes at 3 months. CONCLUSION MRgFUS CLT is feasible and safe for refractory NP and has potential utility in reducing symptoms as measured by validated pain scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Kareem Ahmed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Jiachen Zhuo
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Rao P Gullapalli
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Michael L Keaser
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
- Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Joel D Greenspan
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
- Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Chixiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Timothy R Miller
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Elias R Melhem
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Charles A Sansur
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Howard M Eisenberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Dheeraj Gandhi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
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Pelletier-Baldelli A, Sheridan MA, Rudolph MD, Eisenlohr-Moul T, Martin S, Srabani EM, Giletta M, Hastings PD, Nock MK, Slavich GM, Rudolph KD, Prinstein MJ, Miller AB. Brain network connectivity during peer evaluation in adolescent females: Associations with age, pubertal hormones, timing, and status. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101357. [PMID: 38359577 PMCID: PMC10878848 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite copious data linking brain function with changes to social behavior and mental health, little is known about how puberty relates to brain functioning. We investigated the specificity of brain network connectivity associations with pubertal indices and age to inform neurodevelopmental models of adolescence. We examined how brain network connectivity during a peer evaluation fMRI task related to pubertal hormones (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone), pubertal timing and status, and age. Participants were 99 adolescents assigned female at birth aged 9-15 (M = 12.38, SD = 1.81) enriched for the presence of internalizing symptoms. Multivariate analysis revealed that within Salience, between Frontoparietal - Reward and Cinguloopercular - Reward network connectivity were associated with all measures of pubertal development and age. Specifically, Salience connectivity linked with age, pubertal hormones, and status, but not timing. In contrast, Frontoparietal - Reward connectivity was only associated with hormones. Finally, Cinguloopercular - Reward connectivity related to age and pubertal status, but not hormones or timing. These results provide evidence that the salience processing underlying peer evaluation is jointly influenced by various indices of puberty and age, while coordination between cognitive control and reward circuitry is related to pubertal hormones, pubertal status, and age in unique ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Margaret A Sheridan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marc D Rudolph
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest, NC, USA
| | - Tory Eisenlohr-Moul
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sophia Martin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ellora M Srabani
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matteo Giletta
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul D Hastings
- Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Matthew K Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - George M Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen D Rudolph
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam Bryant Miller
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Fan S, Zhang J, Wu Y, Yu Y, Zheng H, Guo YY, Ji Y, Pang X, Tian Y. Changed brain entropy and functional connectivity patterns induced by electroconvulsive therapy in majoy depression disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 339:111788. [PMID: 38335560 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective is to innovatively integrate both linear and nonlinear characteristics of brain signals in Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) research, with the goal of uncovering deeper insights into the pathogenesis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and identifying novel targets for other physical intervention therapies. METHODS We measured brain entropy (BEN) in 42 MDD patients and 42 matched healthy controls (HC) using rs-fMRI data. Brain regions that differed significantly in patients with MDD before and after ECT were extracted. Then, we use these brain regions as seed points to investigate the differences in whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) patterns before and after ECT. RESULTS Compared to HCs, patients had higher BEN levels in the right precuneus (PCUN.R) and right angular gyrus (ANG.R). After ECT, patients had lower BEN levels in the PCUN.R and ANG.R. Compared with before ECT, patients showed significantly increased RSFC after ECT between the PCUN.R and right middle temporal gyrus and ANG.R. Significantly increased RSFC was observed between the ANG.R and right middle frontal gyrus and right supramarginal gyrus after ECT. CONCLUSION Combining the linear and nonlinear characteristics of brain signals can effectively explore the pathogenesis of depression and provide new targets for ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Fan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230022, PR China
| | - Jiahua Zhang
- The College of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Psychology and Sleep Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei,. 230601, PR China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230022, PR China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230022, PR China
| | - Yuan Yuan Guo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230022, PR China
| | - Yang Ji
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei. 230022, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Pang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Yanghua Tian
- The College of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China; Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, 230032, PR China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230088, PR China; Department of Psychology and Sleep Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei,. 230601, PR China.
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Oshri A, Howard CJ, Zhang L, Reck A, Cui Z, Liu S, Duprey E, Evans AI, Azarmehr R, Geier CF. Strengthening through adversity: The hormesis model in developmental psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38532735 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employing a developmental psychopathology framework, we tested the utility of the hormesis model in examining the strengthening of children and youth through limited levels of adversity in relation to internalizing and externalizing outcomes within a brain-by-development context. METHODS Analyzing data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study (N = 11,878), we formed latent factors of threat, deprivation, and unpredictability. We examined linear and nonlinear associations between adversity dimensions and youth psychopathology symptoms and how change of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the default mode network (DMN) from Time 1 to Time 5 moderates these associations. RESULTS A cubic association was found between threat and youth internalizing problems; low-to-moderate family conflict levels reduced these problems. Deprivation also displayed a cubic relation with youth externalizing problems, with moderate deprivation levels associated with fewer problems. Unpredictability linearly increased both problem types. Change in DMN rsFC significantly moderated the cubic link between threat levels and internalizing problems, with declining DMN rsFC levels from Time 1 to Time 5 facilitating hormesis. Hormetic effects peaked earlier, emphasizing the importance of sensitive periods and developmental timing of outcomes related to earlier experiences. CONCLUSIONS Strengthening through limited environmental adversity is crucial for developing human resilience. Understanding this process requires considering both linear and nonlinear adversity-psychopathology associations. Testing individual differences by brain and developmental context will inform preventive intervention programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Cullin J Howard
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Linhao Zhang
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ava Reck
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zehua Cui
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sihong Liu
- Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Erinn Duprey
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Avary I Evans
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rabeeh Azarmehr
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Charles F Geier
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Vanutelli ME, Grigis C, Lucchiari C. Breathing Right… or Left! The Effects of Unilateral Nostril Breathing on Psychological and Cognitive Wellbeing: A Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2024; 14:302. [PMID: 38671954 PMCID: PMC11048276 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of controlled breathing on cognitive and affective processing has been recognized since ancient times, giving rise to multiple practices aimed at achieving different psychophysical states, mostly related to mental clarity and focus, stress reduction, and relaxation. Previous scientific research explored the effects of forced unilateral nostril breathing (UNB) on brain activity and emotional and cognitive functions. Some evidence concluded that it had a contralateral effect, while other studies presented controversial results, making it difficult to come to an unambiguous interpretation. Also, a few studies specifically addressed wellbeing. In the present study, we invited a pilot sample of 20 participants to take part in an 8-day training program for breathing, and each person was assigned to either a unilateral right nostril (URNB) or left nostril breathing condition (ULNB). Then, each day, we assessed the participants' wellbeing indices using their moods and mind wandering scales. The results revealed that, after the daily practice, both groups reported improved wellbeing perception. However, the effect was specifically related to the nostril involved. URNB produced more benefits in terms of stress reduction and relaxation, while ULNB significantly and increasingly reduced mind-wandering occurrences over time. Our results suggest that UNB can be effectively used to increase wellbeing in the general population. Additionally, they support the idea that understanding the effects of unilateral breathing on wellbeing and cognition requires a complex interpretive model with multiple brain networks to address bottom-up and top-down processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elide Vanutelli
- Department of Philosophy “Piero Martinetti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.E.V.); (C.G.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Grigis
- Department of Philosophy “Piero Martinetti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.E.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Claudio Lucchiari
- Department of Philosophy “Piero Martinetti”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.E.V.); (C.G.)
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