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Mullhall P, Taggart L, McDermott G, Slater P, Fitzpatrick B, Murphy MH, Hassiotis A, Johnston A. 'Walk Buds': A walking intervention to increase physical activity, physical fitness, and emotional wellbeing, in 9-13 year old children with intellectual disabilities. Results of a clustered randomised feasibility trial. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13260. [PMID: 38937072 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with intellectual disability are less physically active and more sedentary than typically developing peers. To date no studies have tested the feasibility of a school-based walking intervention for children with Intellectual Disability. METHOD A clustered randomised controlled trial (cRCT), with an embedded process evaluation, was used to test the feasibility of a school-based walking intervention. Eight schools (n = 161 pupils aged 9-13 years) were randomised into either an intervention arm or an 'exercise as usual' arm. Measures included physical activity, physical fitness and emotional wellbeing. Baseline and 3-month follow-up data were collected. RESULTS The 'Walk Buds' intervention was found to be acceptable to teaching staff and pupils, with an uptake rate of the walking sessions offered of 84%. CONCLUSION A number of challenges were experienced, relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, and difficulties collecting accelerometer data. Barriers, facilitators and required changes identified through the mixed methods process evaluation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mullhall
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Laurence Taggart
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Gary McDermott
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Paul Slater
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Ben Fitzpatrick
- Institute of Nursing and Paramedic Science, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Marie H Murphy
- The School of Sport, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Angela Hassiotis
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Kolovelonis A, Syrmpas I, Marcuzzi A, Khudair M, Ng K, Tempest GD, Peric R, Bartoš F, Maier M, Brandes M, Carlin A, Ciaccioni S, Cortis C, Corvino C, Di Credico A, Drid P, Gallè F, Izzicupo P, Jahre H, Kongsvold A, Kouidi E, Mork PJ, Palumbo F, Rumbold PLS, Sandu P, Stavnsbo M, Vilela S, Woods C, Wunsch K, Capranica L, MacDonncha C, Ling FCM. DE-PASS best evidence statement (BESt): determinants of adolescents' device-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour in settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1706. [PMID: 38926707 PMCID: PMC11202347 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although physical activity (PA) is associated with significant health benefits, only a small percentage of adolescents meet recommended PA levels. This systematic review with meta-analysis explored the modifiable determinants of adolescents' device-based PA and/or sedentary behaviour (SB), evaluated in previous interventions and examined the associations between PA/SB and these determinants in settings. METHODS A search was conducted on five electronic databases, including papers published from January 2010 to July 2023. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) or Controlled Trials (CTs) measuring adolescents' device-based PA/SB and their modifiable determinants at least at two time points: pre- and post-intervention were considered eligible. PA/SB and determinants were the main outcomes. Modifiable determinants were classified after data extraction adopting the social-ecological perspective. Robust Bayesian meta-analyses (RoBMA) were performed per each study setting. Outcomes identified in only one study were presented narratively. The risk of bias for each study and the certainty of the evidence for each meta-analysis were evaluated. The publication bias was also checked. PROSPERO ID CRD42021282874. RESULTS Fourteen RCTs (eight in school, three in school and family, and one in the family setting) and one CT (in the school setting) were included. Fifty-four modifiable determinants were identified and were combined into 33 broader determinants (21 individual-psychological, four individual-behavioural, seven interpersonal, and one institutional). RoBMAs revealed none or negligible pooled intervention effects on PA/SB or determinants in all settings. The certainty of the evidence of the impact of interventions on outcomes ranged from very low to low. Narratively, intervention effects in favour of the experimental group were detected in school setting for the determinants: knowledge of the environment for practicing PA, d = 1.84, 95%CI (1.48, 2.20), behaviour change techniques, d = 0.90, 95%CI (0.09, 1.70), choice provided, d = 0.70, 95%CI (0.36, 1.03), but no corresponding effects on PA or SB were found. CONCLUSIONS Weak to minimal evidence regarding the associations between the identified modifiable determinants and adolescents' device-based PA/SB in settings were found, probably due to intervention ineffectiveness. Well-designed and well-implemented multicomponent interventions should further explore the variety of modifiable determinants of adolescents' PA/SB, including policy and environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Kolovelonis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42 100 Karies, Trikala, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Syrmpas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42 100 Karies, Trikala, Greece
| | - Anna Marcuzzi
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mohammed Khudair
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Kwok Ng
- Faculty of Education, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Institute of Innovation and Sports Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gavin Daniel Tempest
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Ratko Peric
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, OrthoSport Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia-Herzegovina
| | - František Bartoš
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mirko Brandes
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz, Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Angela Carlin
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
| | - Simone Ciaccioni
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cortis
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Cassino, Italy
| | - Chiara Corvino
- Faculty of Economics, Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrik Drid
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Medical, Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Henriette Jahre
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Atle Kongsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Evangelia Kouidi
- Laboratory of Sports Medicne, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Federico Palumbo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Petru Sandu
- Health Promotion and Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health in Romania, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mette Stavnsbo
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catherine Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kathrin Wunsch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laura Capranica
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Ciaran MacDonncha
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Fiona Chun Man Ling
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
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Mclaughlin M, Duff J, Campbell E, McKenzie T, Davies L, Wolfenden L, Wiggers J, Sutherland R. Process Evaluation of a Scaled-Up School-Based Physical Activity Program for Adolescents: Physical Activity 4 Everyone. J Phys Act Health 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38849120 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical Activity 4 Everyone (PA4E1) is a whole-school physical activity program, with demonstrated efficacy (2012-2014). PA4E1 was adapted (scaled-up) and tested in a scale-up trial (2017-2020). This process evaluation study of the scale-up trial had 2 aims. First, to describe the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of PA4E1 in the scale-up trial, from the perspective of school staff involved in the program management and delivery. Second, to generate themes that may explain school staff assessments of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. METHODS Data were collected at various time points throughout the 2-year implementation phase. Online surveys were collected from In-School Champions, Head Physical Education teachers, Principals, and Physical Education teachers (quantitative data). Focus groups and interviews were conducted with In-School Champions, Principals, and Physical Education teachers (qualitative data). Existing published data on website engagement, adaptations, modifications, and the scale-up trial primary outcome (implementation of physical activity practices) were triangulated with the quantitative and qualitative during analysis, to generate themes. RESULTS School staff delivering PA4E1 reported it was highly acceptable, appropriate, and feasible. Seven themes were generated relating to acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. The themes related to how the program was funded, the delivery modes of implementation support, the identification of easy-wins, the recruitment of the right in-school champion, facilitating principal buy-in, mitigating the impact of school staff turnover, and engaging the whole school. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations are made to inform future adaptations for PA4E1 and potentially school-based physical activity programs more generally. The findings may inform future scalability assessments of the suitability of programs for scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mclaughlin
- Center for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Center for Health Behavior, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jed Duff
- School of Nursing Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Campbell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Center for Health Behavior, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Tom McKenzie
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Center for Health Behavior, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Lynda Davies
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Center for Health Behavior, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Center for Health Behavior, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - John Wiggers
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Center for Health Behavior, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Sutherland
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Center for Health Behavior, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Prat R, Puig-Ribera A, Pagerols M, Español-Martín G, Rivas C, Autet A, Tàpies P, Martín AC, Casas M, Bosch R. Patterns of Physical Activity of Adolescents With ADHD in the School Context: A Cross-Sectional Study for Clinical Practice. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:1210-1224. [PMID: 38622866 DOI: 10.1177/10870547241246688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the daily Physical Activity (PA) patterns of adolescents with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), to analyze the differences in terms of PA patterns between adolescents with ADHD and those without ADHD, and to study the factors associated with achieving the daily PA recommendations. METHODS The sample was composed of 778 adolescents who provided complete information on their PA patterns through the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). Of these, 97 had ADHD according to DSM-5 criteria. RESULTS The results show that being a girl or being of foreign origin and having ADHD have an impact on the achievement of the recommended amount of daily PA. CONCLUSIONS When promoting PA in adolescents with ADHD within the school environment, it is necessary to consider different domains and specific contexts of a school day, paying special attention to girls and adolescents with ADHD of immigrant origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Prat
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, IRIS-CC, Vic, Spain
| | - Anna Puig-Ribera
- University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, IRIS-CC, Vic, Spain
| | - Mireia Pagerols
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Rivas
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pere Tàpies
- Consorci Hospitalari de Vic, Catalunya, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Casas
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rosa Bosch
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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O'Dean S, Sunderland M, Newton N, Gardner L, Teesson M, Chapman C, Thornton L, Slade T, Hides L, McBride N, Kay-Lambkin FJ, Allsop SJ, Lubans D, Parmenter B, Mills K, Spring B, Osman B, Ellem R, Smout S, McCann K, Hunter E, Catakovic A, Champion K. The Health4Life e-health intervention for modifying lifestyle risk behaviours of adolescents: secondary outcomes of a cluster randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust 2024; 220:417-424. [PMID: 38613175 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.52279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of a school-based multiple health behaviour change e-health intervention for modifying risk factors for chronic disease (secondary outcomes). STUDY DESIGN Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Students (at baseline [2019]: year 7, 11-14 years old) at 71 Australian public, independent, and Catholic schools. INTERVENTION Health4Life: an e-health school-based multiple health behaviour change intervention for reducing increases in the six major behavioural risk factors for chronic disease: physical inactivity, poor diet, excessive recreational screen time, poor sleep, and use of alcohol and tobacco. It comprises six online video modules during health education class and a smartphone app. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparison of Health4Life and usual health education with respect to their impact on changes in twelve secondary outcomes related to the six behavioural risk factors, assessed in surveys at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 12 and 24 months after the intervention: binge drinking, discretionary food consumption risk, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, difficulty falling asleep, and light physical activity frequency (categorical); tobacco smoking frequency, alcohol drinking frequency, alcohol-related harm, daytime sleepiness, and time spent watching television and using electronic devices (continuous). RESULTS A total of 6640 year 7 students completed the baseline survey (Health4Life: 3610; control: 3030); 6454 (97.2%) completed at least one follow-up survey, 5698 (85.8%) two or more follow-up surveys. Health4Life was not statistically more effective than usual school health education for influencing changes in any of the twelve outcomes over 24 months; for example: fruit intake inadequate: odds ratio [OR], 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57-2.05); vegetable intake inadequate: OR, 0.97 (95% CI, 0.64-1.47); increased light physical activity: OR, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.72-1.38); tobacco use frequency: relative difference, 0.03 (95% CI, -0.58 to 0.64) days per 30 days; alcohol use frequency: relative difference, -0.34 (95% CI, -1.16 to 0.49) days per 30 days; device use time: relative difference, -0.07 (95% CI, -0.29 to 0.16) hours per day. CONCLUSIONS Health4Life was not more effective than usual school year 7 health education for modifying adolescent risk factors for chronic disease. Future e-health multiple health behaviour change intervention research should examine the timing and length of the intervention, as well as increasing the number of engagement strategies (eg, goal setting) during the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12619000431123 (prospective).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan O'Dean
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Nicola Newton
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Lauren Gardner
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Maree Teesson
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Cath Chapman
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Louise Thornton
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Tim Slade
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Leanne Hides
- Centre of Youth Substance Abuse, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Nyanda McBride
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA
| | - Frances J Kay-Lambkin
- Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW
| | - Steve J Allsop
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA
| | | | | | - Katherine Mills
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Bonnie Spring
- Northwestern University, Evanston, United States of America
| | - Bridie Osman
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | | | - Scarlett Smout
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Karrah McCann
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Emily Hunter
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | | | - Katrina Champion
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
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Watkins JM, Greeven SJ, Heeter KN, Brunnemer JE, Otile J, Solá PAF, Dutta S, Hobson JM, Evanovich JM, Coble CJ, Werner NE, Martinez Kercher VM, Kercher KA. Human-centered participatory co-design with children and adults for a prototype lifestyle intervention and implementation strategy in a rural middle school. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:845. [PMID: 38504193 PMCID: PMC10949632 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The significance of regular physical activity (PA) in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is widely acknowledged. However, children in rural areas encounter specific barriers to PA compared to their urban counterparts. This study employs human-centered participatory co-design, involving community stakeholders in developing a multi-level PA intervention named Hoosier Sport. The primary hypothesis is the co-design sessions leading to the development of a testable intervention protocol. METHODS Two co-design teams, each consisting of six children and six adults, were formed using human-centered participatory co-design facilitated by research faculty and graduate students. The process involved five co-design sessions addressing problem identification, solution generation, solution evaluation, operationalization, and prototype evaluation. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes and intervention components. RESULTS Child co-designers (n = 6) ranged from 6th to 8th grade, averaging 12.6 years (SD = 1.8), while adult co-designers (n = 6) averaged 43.3 years (SD = 8.08). Thematic analysis revealed children emphasizing autonomy, the freedom to choose physical and non-physical activities, and the importance of building peer relationships during PA. Adult interviews echoed the importance of autonomy and choice in activities, with a focus on relatedness through positive role modeling. CONCLUSION The prototype intervention and implementation strategies developed constitute a testable intervention aligned with Phase 1 of the ORBIT model. This testable prototype lays the groundwork for a collaborative campus-community partnership between the university and the local community, ensuring mutual benefits and sustainable impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette M Watkins
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Sarah J Greeven
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Kathleen N Heeter
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Julia E Brunnemer
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Jacob Otile
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Paola A Fernández Solá
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Sandeep Dutta
- Neag School of Education, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Cassandra J Coble
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Nicole E Werner
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Vanessa M Martinez Kercher
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Kyle A Kercher
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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7
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Contardo Ayala AM, Parker K, Mazzoli E, Lander N, Ridgers ND, Timperio A, Lubans DR, Abbott G, Koorts H, Salmon J. Effectiveness of Intervention Strategies to Increase Adolescents' Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Time in Secondary School Settings, Including Factors Related to Implementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38472550 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00688-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, just one in five adolescents meet physical activity guidelines and three-quarters of the school day is spent sitting. It is unclear which types of school-based interventions strategies increase physical activity and reduce sedentary time among adolescents, or how these interventions are implemented influences their effectiveness. OBJECTIVE The three aims of our systematic review were to (a) identify intervention strategies used within secondary school settings to improve students' movement behaviours throughout school-based initiatives, delivered at or by the school; (b) determine the overall effect of the interventions (meta-analysis) on physical activity (all intensities), sedentary time, cognitive/academic, physical health and/or psychological outcomes; and (c) describe factors related to intervention implementation. METHODS Searches were conducted in MEDLINE complete, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, APA PsycINFO, and ERIC in January 2023 for studies that (a) included high school-aged adolescents; (b) involved a school-based intervention to increase physical activity and/or decrease sedentary time; and (c) were published in English. Reported effects were pooled in meta-analyses where sufficient data were obtained. RESULTS Eighty-five articles, representing 61 interventions, met the inclusion criteria, with 23 unique intervention strategies used. Interventions that involved whole-school approaches (i.e., physical activity sessions, environmental modifications, teacher training, peer support and/or educational resources) were favourably associated with most of the outcomes. The meta-analyses showed: (a) non-significant effects for sedentary time (Standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.02; 95%CI, -0.14, 0.11), physical activity at all intensities (light: SMD= -0.01; 95%CI, -0.08, 0.05; moderate: SMD = 0.06; 95%CI, -0.09, 0.22; vigorous: SMD = 0.08; 95%CI, -0.02, 0.18; moderate-to-vigorous: SMD = 0.05; 95%CI, -0.01, 0.12) and waist circumference (SMD = 0.09; 95%CI, -0.03, 0.21), and (b) a small statistically significant decrease in body mass index (SMD= -0.09, 95%CI -0.16, -0.0). Factors related to intervention implementation were reported in 51% of the articles. CONCLUSION While some intervention approaches demonstrated promise, small or null effects were found in meta-analyses. Future school-based interventions should utilize a whole-school approach designed to increase adolescents' activity across the day. Consistent reporting of implementation will increase understanding of how interventions are adopted, implemented and sustained. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42020169988).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Contardo Ayala
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Kate Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emiliano Mazzoli
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Lander
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola D Ridgers
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, , Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Hunter Medical Research institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harriet Koorts
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Murphy MH, O'Kane SM, Carlin A, Lahart IM, Doherty LC, Jago R, McDermott G, Faulkner M, Gallagher AM. Effectiveness of the Walking in ScHools (WISH) Study, a peer-led walking intervention for adolescent girls: results of a cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:19. [PMID: 38374037 PMCID: PMC10877798 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most adolescent girls fail to meet current physical activity guidelines. Physical activity behaviours track from childhood into adulthood and providing adolescent girls with opportunities to be physically active may have health benefits beyond childhood. The effects of walking interventions on adult cardiometabolic health are known, however less is understood about the potential of walking to promote physical activity in adolescents. Following the Walking In ScHools (WISH) feasibility study, this definitive trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel, low-cost, school-based walking intervention at increasing physical activity levels of adolescent girls (aged 12-14 years). METHODS Female pupils were recruited from eighteen schools across the border region of Ireland and in Northern Ireland. In intervention schools (n = 9), girls aged 15-18 years, were trained as walk leaders, and led the younger pupils in 10-15 min walks before school, at break and lunch recess. All walks took place in school grounds and pupils were encouraged to participate in as many walks as possible each week. The primary outcome measure was accelerometer determined total physical activity (counts per minutes, cpm). RESULTS In total, 589 pupils were recruited to the study. At baseline, pupils engaged in a median (interquartile range (IQR)) 35.7 (21.2) mins moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day and only 12% (n = 66) of participants met physical activity guidelines (60 min MVPA per day). The intervention was delivered for a mean (standard deviation (SD)) 19.9 ± 0.97 weeks. The mean post-intervention total physical activity for the intervention group was 676 cpm and 710 cpm in the control group. Post-intervention total physical activity did not statistically differ between groups when adjusted for age, body mass index z-scores and baseline physical activity (mean difference, -33.5, 95% CI = -21.2 to 88.1; p = 0.213). CONCLUSIONS 'Scaling-up' physical activity interventions is challenging and despite a promising feasibility study, the results of this fully powered trial suggest that in this context, the WISH intervention did not increase device measured physical activity. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, school environments have changed and although pupils enjoyed the programme, attendance at walks was low, indicating that there is a need to better understand how to implement interventions within schools. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN; ISRCTN12847782; Registered 2nd July 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie H Murphy
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1ED, UK
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PHARC), Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
| | - S Maria O'Kane
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1ED, UK.
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Derry/Londonderry, BT48 7JL, UK.
| | - Angela Carlin
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1ED, UK
| | - Ian M Lahart
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
| | - Leanne C Doherty
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1ED, UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PL, UK
| | - Gary McDermott
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, BT15 1ED, UK
| | - Maria Faulkner
- Sports Lab North West, Atlantic Technological University, Letterkenny, Ireland
| | - Alison M Gallagher
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK
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9
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González-Pérez M, Sánchez-Oliva D, Grao-Cruces A, Cano-Cañada E, Martín-Acosta F, Muñoz-González R, Bandera-Campos FJ, Ruiz-Hermosa A, Vaquero-Solís M, Padilla-Moledo C, Conde-Caveda J, Segura-Jiménez V, González-Ponce I, García-Calvo T, Castro-Piñero J, Camiletti-Moirón D. Effects of the inclusion of physical activity in secondary education academic classes on educational indicators and health markers: rationale and methods of the ACTIVE CLASS study. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1329245. [PMID: 38249387 PMCID: PMC10796663 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1329245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing physical activity (PA) levels and reducing sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents is a need, especially in schools. Active breaks and physically active learning are examples of two emerging methodologies that have been shown to be effective in increasing PA levels and additionally produce improvements in children's educational markers. However, the evidence in adolescents is very limited. This paper presents the design, measurements, and interventions implemented in the ACTIVE CLASS study, whose objectives are: (i) evaluate the effects of two interventions on PA levels, sedentary time, health-related physical fitness academic indicators, cognition, and markers of psychological health among secondary education students; (ii) evaluate teachers' and students' experiences about the implementation of these the two school-based PA intervention. Methods A randomized controlled study is conducted with a total of 292 students aged 12-14 years old from six schools (7th and 8th grade) in Spain (three in Cadiz and three in Caceres). One school from each study provinces is randomly assigned to either the active break intervention group, the physically active learning intervention group, or the control group. The interventions have a duration of 16 weeks. Nine main measurement categories are assessed: PA and sedentary time, health-related physical fitness, academic indicators, cognition, psychological health, motivational variables, dietary patterns, sociodemographic characteristics, as well as qualitative information through semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups. Three independent measurements of evaluation are distinguished: pre-intervention, post-intervention (week 16) and retention measurement (4 weeks after the intervention). For quantitative variables, descriptive, correlational, regression and repeated measures ANOVA will be applied. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, the ACTIVE CLASS study is the first of its kind in Spain to evaluate the effects of incorporating active breaks and physically active learning in secondary education. In addition, this project provides important information on the effects of two school-based PA intervention arms on educational variables and health markers in adolescents. This will provide valuable and innovative training to the educational community, enabling them to implement teaching methodologies that have the potential to enhance academic performance and improve the quality of life for their students. Clinical trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05891054.
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Affiliation(s)
- María González-Pérez
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Oliva
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Alberto Grao-Cruces
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Enrique Cano-Cañada
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Fátima Martín-Acosta
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Raúl Muñoz-González
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Bandera-Campos
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Abel Ruiz-Hermosa
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Social and Health Care Research Center, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Miguel Vaquero-Solís
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carmen Padilla-Moledo
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Julio Conde-Caveda
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Víctor Segura-Jiménez
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
- UGC Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Neurotraumatología y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada González-Ponce
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Tomás García-Calvo
- ACAFYDE Research Group, Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Daniel Camiletti-Moirón
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cadiz, Spain
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10
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Aragoni da Silva J, Salmon J, Cordeiro Barbosa Filho V, da Silva Bandeira A, Dos Santos PC, Samara da Silva K. Psychosocial mediators and moderators of a school-based physical activity intervention among Brazilian adolescents. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:17-24. [PMID: 38466902 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2319455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
School-based interventions are needed due to the low levels of physical activity (PA) in adolescents. The aim is to examine the mediation effects of psychosocial factors (attitude, self-efficacy, social support from parents, friends, general teachers, and PE teachers, and environment school perception) and moderation by sex, school grade, and socioeconomic level of a school-based PA intervention on the PA practice among adolescents. The Movimente Programme is a randomised controlled trial at schools in southern Brazil (n = 921 adolescents). Strategies included teacher training, educational actions, and environmental changes. Adolescents self-reported their weekly PA. Potential psychosocial mediators and moderators were investigated through validated questionnaires in a Brazilian sample. The product of the coefficients with percentile bootstrapping 95% confidence interval was performed. The Movimente Programme was related to positive changes in adolescents' perception of the school environment and social support from general and physical education teachers. Most psychosocial variables (attitude, self-efficacy, social support from friends, and social support from teachers) were associated with PA, but none mediated the impact of the Movimente Programme on PA. Results varied according to sex and school grade. The Movimente Programme increased the adolescents' perception of the school environment and social support from teachers, but no mediators were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Aragoni da Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute of Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Kelly Samara da Silva
- Institute of Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Malnes L, Berntsen S, Kolle E, Ivarsson A, Dyrstad SM, Resaland GK, Solberg R, Haugen T. School-based physical activity in relation to active travel - a cluster randomized controlled trial among adolescents enrolled in the school in motion study in Norway. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:136. [PMID: 37990252 PMCID: PMC10664674 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01534-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active travel and school settings are considered ideal for promoting physical activity. However, previous research suggests limited effect of school-based interventions on overall physical activity levels among adolescents. The relationship between physical activity in different domains remains inconclusive. In this study, we examined the effects of adding two weekly hours of school-based physical activity on active travel rates. METHOD We analyzed data from 1370 pupils in the 9th-grade participating in the cluster RCT; the School In Motion (ScIM) project. Intervention schools (n = 19) implemented 120 min of class-scheduled physical activity and physical education, in addition to the normal 2 hours of weekly physical education in the control schools (n = 9), for 9 months. Active travel was defined as pupils who reported walking or cycling to school, while motorized travel was defined as pupils who commuted by bus or car, during the spring/summer half of the year (April-September), or autumn/winter (October-February). The participants were categorized based on their travel mode from pretest to posttest as; maintained active or motorized travel ("No change"), changing to active travel (motorized-active), or changing to motorized travel (active-motorized). Multilevel logistic regression was used to analyze the intervention effect on travel mode. RESULTS During the intervention period, most participants maintained their travel habits. In total, 91% of pupils maintained their travel mode to school. Only 6% of pupils switched to motorized travel and 3% switched to active travel, with small variations according to season and trip direction. The intervention did not seem to influence the likelihood of changing travel mode. The odds ratios for changing travel habits in spring/summer season were from active to motorized travel 1.19 [95%CI: 0.53-2.15] and changing from motorized to active travel 1.18 [0.30-2.62], compared to the "No change" group. These findings were consistent to and from school, and for the autumn/winter season. CONCLUSION The extra school-based physical activity does not seem to affect rates of active travel among adolescents in the ScIM project. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov ID nr: NCT03817047. Registered 01/25/2019' retrospectively registered'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Malnes
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Sveinung Berntsen
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Elin Kolle
- Department Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Ivarsson
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Sindre M Dyrstad
- Department of Education and Sport Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Geir K Resaland
- Faculty of Teacher Education and Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Runar Solberg
- Centre for Epidemic Interventions Research, Norwegian Institute for Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tommy Haugen
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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12
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Telford DM, Meiring RM, Gusso S. Moving beyond moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: the role of light physical activity during adolescence. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1282482. [PMID: 38022771 PMCID: PMC10652412 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1282482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle for young people. However, an estimated 80% of adolescents globally are insufficiently active. Traditionally, health benefits were attributed only to physical activity of at least moderate intensity, and recommendations focused on achieving a threshold of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, without consideration of other aspects of movement within the 24 h cycle. Recently, the overall daily balance of active and sedentary behaviours has gained recognition as an important determinant of health. However, the relationship between light intensity physical activity and health has not been fully explored. In this perspective paper, we discuss key challenges in defining, measuring and analysing light physical activity which have hindered the advancement of knowledge in this area. Next, we suggest three ways in which light physical activity may enhance adolescent wellbeing: firstly, by replacing sedentary behaviours to increase daily movement; secondly, by supporting the accumulation of higher intensities of physical activity; and thirdly, by providing positive experiences to facilitate lifelong engagement with physical activity. In highlighting the importance of light physical activity during adolescence, we aim to encourage critical reflection and the exploration of new approaches towards physical activity within public health and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M. Telford
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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13
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Gallagher AM, O'Kane SM, Doherty LC, Faulkner M, McDermott G, Jago R, Lahart IM, Murphy MH, Carlin A. 'Including us, talking to us and creating a safe environment'-Youth patient and public involvement and the Walking In ScHools (WISH) Study: Lessons learned. Health Expect 2023; 27:e13885. [PMID: 37803967 PMCID: PMC10726144 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young people have the right to be informed and consulted about decisions affecting their lives. Patient and public involvement (PPI) ensures that research is carried out 'with' or 'by' young people rather than 'to', 'about' or 'for' them. The aim of this paper is to outline how youth PPI can be embedded within a physical activity intervention, reflect on the impact of PPI and provide recommendations for future PPI in a similar context. METHODS A Youth Advisory Group (YAG) was set up within the Walking In ScHools (WISH) Study to involve adolescent girls in the delivery, implementation and dissemination of a physical activity intervention targeted at adolescents. Schools invited pupils aged 12-14 years and 15-18 years to YAG meetings (n3, from 2019 to 2023). Participative methods were used to inform recruitment strategies and data collection methods for the WISH Study. RESULTS Across the three YAG meetings, n51 pupils from n8 schools were involved. Pupils enjoyed the YAG meetings, felt that their feedback was valued and considered the meetings a good way to get young people involved in research. The YAG advised on specific issues and although measuring impact was not the primary aim of the YAG meetings, over the course of the study there were many examples of the impact of PPI. Recruitment targets for the WISH Study were exceeded, the attrition rate was low and pupils were engaged in data collection. CONCLUSION Youth PPI is a developing field and there are few physical activity studies that report the PPI work undertaken. Within the WISH Study, three YAG meetings were held successfully, and the views of adolescent girls were central to the development of the study. Considering the specific issues that the YAG advised on (study recruitment, attrition and data collection), there was evidence of a positive impact of PPI. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Pupils from post-primary schools interested/participating in the WISH Study were invited to attend YAG meetings. YAG meetings were set up to consult adolescent girls on the delivery, implementation and dissemination of the WISH intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M. Gallagher
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Biomedical Sciences Research InstituteUlster UniversityColeraineUK
| | - Sarah Maria O'Kane
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research InstituteUlster UniversityBelfastUK
- Institute of Nursing and Health ResearchUlster UniversityLondonderryUK
| | - Leanne C. Doherty
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research InstituteUlster UniversityBelfastUK
| | - Maria Faulkner
- Sports Lab North WestAtlantic Technological University DonegalLetterkennyIreland
| | - Gary McDermott
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research InstituteUlster UniversityBelfastUK
| | - Russell Jago
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Ian M. Lahart
- Faculty of Education, Health and WellbeingUniversity of WolverhamptonWalsallUK
| | - Marie H. Murphy
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research InstituteUlster UniversityBelfastUK
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PHARC), Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Angela Carlin
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research InstituteUlster UniversityBelfastUK
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14
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Guijarro-Romero S, Mayorga-Vega D, Casado-Robles C, Viciana J. Effect of an activity wristband-based intermittent teaching unit in Physical Education on students' physical activity and its psychological mediators: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. School-fit study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1228925. [PMID: 37799526 PMCID: PMC10548227 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1228925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The main objective of the present study was to examine the effects of an intermittent teaching unit based on the use of activity wristbands and behavior modification strategies on high school students' perceptions of autonomy support, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, motivation toward Physical Education and physical activity, intention to be physically active, and habitual physical activity levels. Materials and methods An initial sample of 353 high school students (final sample = 175; 45.7% females; mean age = 13.3 ± 1.2 years) from two public high schools were cluster-randomly assigned into the intermittent (IG, n = 100) and control (CG, n = 75) groups. The IG performed an intermittent teaching unit twice a week for eight weeks. Specifically, the last 15 min of each lesson were used. As the main strategy to promote the practice of regular physical activity, students wore an activity wristband the whole day during the intervention period. Additionally, other behavior modification strategies were also applied (e.g., educational counseling, physical activity goals or reminders). Regarding the CG, during the intervention period (i.e,, the eight weeks that took place the intermittent teaching unit) they also performed two Physical Education sessions, but without using activity wristbands or other behavior modification strategies. Before and after the intervention, as well as at the end of the follow-up period (six weeks), students' physical activity practice mediators and physical activity levels were measured by validated questionnaires. Results The Multilevel Linear Model results showed that the IG students statistically significantly improved cognitive and procedural autonomy support from pre- to post-intervention (p < 0.05). They also statistically significantly improved autonomy and relatedness basic psychological needs, and autonomous motivation toward physical activity scores from post-intervention to follow-up (p < 0.05). Moreover, the results showed that the IG students statistically significantly improved habitual physical activity scores from pre- to post-intervention, and from post-intervention to follow-up (p < 0.05). Conclusion The intermittent teaching unit based on the use of activity wristbands and other behavior modification strategies was effective for improving students' autonomy support and habitual physical activity levels, but not the rest of physical activity practice mediators. Clinical trial registration https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/, ID: NCT05949463.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Guijarro-Romero
- Department of Didactic of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Mayorga-Vega
- Departamento de Didáctica de las Lenguas, las Artes y el Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Viciana
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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15
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Brandes M, Brandes B, Sell L, Sacheck JM, Chinapaw M, Lubans DR, Woll A, Schipperijn J, Jago R, Busse H. How to select interventions for promoting physical activity in schools? Combining preferences of stakeholders and scientists. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:48. [PMID: 37098620 PMCID: PMC10127415 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The failure to scale-up and implement physical activity (PA) interventions in real world contexts, which were previously successful under controlled conditions, may be attributed to the different criteria of stakeholders and scientists in the selection process of available interventions. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate and compare the criteria applied by local stakeholders and scientists for selecting amongst suitable school-based PA interventions for implementation. METHODS We conducted a three-round repeated survey Delphi study with local stakeholders (n = 7; Bremen, Germany) and international scientific PA experts (n = 6). Independently for both panels, two rounds were utilized to develop a list of criteria and the definitions of criteria, followed by a prioritization of the criteria in the third round. For each panel, a narrative analysis was used to rank-order unique criteria, list the number of scorers for the unique criteria and synthesize criteria into overarching categories. RESULTS The stakeholders developed a list of 53 unique criteria, synthesized into 11 categories with top-ranked criteria being 'free of costs', 'longevity' and 'integration into everyday school life'. The scientists listed 35 unique criteria, synthesized into 7 categories with the top-ranked criteria being 'efficacy', 'potential for reach' and 'feasibility'. The top ranked unique criteria in the stakeholder panel were distributed over many categories, whereas four out of the top six criteria in the scientist panel were related to 'evidence'. CONCLUSIONS Although stakeholders and scientists identified similar criteria, major differences were disclosed in the prioritization of the criteria. We recommend an early collaboration of stakeholders and scientists in the design, implementation, and evaluation of PA interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Brandes
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Berit Brandes
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Louisa Sell
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jennifer M Sacheck
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Mai Chinapaw
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Heide Busse
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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16
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Simón-Chico L, González-Peño A, Hernández-Cuadrado E, Franco E. The Impact of a Challenge-Based Learning Experience in Physical Education on Students’ Motivation and Engagement. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:684-700. [PMID: 37185905 PMCID: PMC10137837 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated how challenge-based learning (CBL) in physical education (PE) may affect students’ basic psychological needs (BPNs), motivational regulations, engagement, and learning in comparison with a traditional teaching (TT) methodology. A quasiexperimental study with experimental and control groups was carried out. In total, 50 participants (16 boys and 34 girls) between 13 and 15 years old (Mage = 13.35, SD = 0.62) were involved in the experience for 6 weeks (ncontrol = 24; nexperimental = 26). Validated questionnaires were administered both before and after the intervention in both groups. Furthermore, theoretical knowledge and badminton-specific motor skill tests were carried out in both groups after the intervention. An analysis showed that after the intervention, students in the CBL condition improved their autonomy (Mbefore = 3.15 vs. Mafter = 3.39; ES = 0.26 *), competence (Mbefore = 4.01 vs. Mafter = 4.18; ES = 0.33 *), and relatedness satisfaction (Mbefore = 3.86 vs. Mafter = 4.06; ES = 0.32 *). As for behavioural engagement measures, students in the CBL condition exhibited higher scores after than those from before (Mbefore = 4.12 vs. Mafter = 4.36; ES = 0.35 *). No significant changes were observed for motivational regulations or agentic engagement. On learning outcomes, students in the experimental group achieved higher scores in both theoretical knowledge (Mcontol = 6.48 vs. Mexperimental = 6.79) and badminton-specific motor skills (Mcontol = 6.85 vs. Mexperimental = 7.65) than the control group did. The present study findings highlight that CBL might be a valid and effective methodological approach for students in PE to achieve adaptive motivational, behavioural, and learning outcomes.
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17
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Yman J, Helgadóttir B, Kjellenberg K, Nyberg G. Associations between organised sports participation, general health, stress, screen-time and sleep duration in adolescents. Acta Paediatr 2023; 112:452-459. [PMID: 36209496 PMCID: PMC10092197 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Physical activity patterns in adolescents have been associated with general health. Stress, screen-time and sleep are other factors associated with physical activity that influence health in adolescents. Physical activity accounts for several health benefits; however, the impact of organised sports participation to achieve the same health benefits are less explored. This study explored the associations of organised sports participation with general health, stress, screen-time and sleep-duration in adolescents. METHODS For this cross-sectional study, data from 1139 adolescents (age 13-14 years) from 34 schools were analysed. Data were collected during autumn 2019. Data collection consisted of self-reported questionnaires and standard methods for height and weight measurements. RESULTS Adolescents with organised sports participation ≥3 times/week were twice as likely to report better general health (OR: 2.11, CI: 1.45-3.07) and lower screen-time (OR: 1.98, CI: 1.43-2.74). Adolescents with organised sports participation ≥3 times/week were less likely to meet the recommended sleep-duration on weekdays (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.29-0.65). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with frequent organised sports participation had better general health, lower amounts of screen-time and shorter sleep-duration on weekdays than those with no participation. Although the causal relationships remain unknown, these results can be relevant when developing strategies promoting physical activity and health in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefin Yman
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björg Helgadóttir
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Kjellenberg
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gisela Nyberg
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Beets MW, Weaver RG, Ioannidis JPA, Pfledderer CD, Jones A, von Klinggraeff L, Armstrong B. Influence of pilot and small trials in meta-analyses of behavioral interventions: a meta-epidemiological study. Syst Rev 2023; 12:21. [PMID: 36803891 PMCID: PMC9938611 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pilot/feasibility or studies with small sample sizes may be associated with inflated effects. This study explores the vibration of effect sizes (VoE) in meta-analyses when considering different inclusion criteria based upon sample size or pilot/feasibility status. METHODS Searches were to identify systematic reviews that conducted meta-analyses of behavioral interventions on topics related to the prevention/treatment of childhood obesity from January 2016 to October 2019. The computed summary effect sizes (ES) were extracted from each meta-analysis. Individual studies included in the meta-analyses were classified into one of the following four categories: self-identified pilot/feasibility studies or based upon sample size but not a pilot/feasibility study (N ≤ 100, N > 100, and N > 370 the upper 75th of sample size). The VoE was defined as the absolute difference (ABS) between the re-estimations of summary ES restricted to study classifications compared to the originally reported summary ES. Concordance (kappa) of statistical significance of summary ES between the four categories of studies was assessed. Fixed and random effects models and meta-regressions were estimated. Three case studies are presented to illustrate the impact of including pilot/feasibility and N ≤ 100 studies on the estimated summary ES. RESULTS A total of 1602 effect sizes, representing 145 reported summary ES, were extracted from 48 meta-analyses containing 603 unique studies (avg. 22 studies per meta-analysis, range 2-108) and included 227,217 participants. Pilot/feasibility and N ≤ 100 studies comprised 22% (0-58%) and 21% (0-83%) of studies included in the meta-analyses. Meta-regression indicated the ABS between the re-estimated and original summary ES where summary ES ranged from 0.20 to 0.46 depending on the proportion of studies comprising the original ES were either mostly small (e.g., N ≤ 100) or mostly large (N > 370). Concordance was low when removing both pilot/feasibility and N ≤ 100 studies (kappa = 0.53) and restricting analyses only to the largest studies (N > 370, kappa = 0.35), with 20% and 26% of the originally reported statistically significant ES rendered non-significant. Reanalysis of the three case study meta-analyses resulted in the re-estimated ES rendered either non-significant or half of the originally reported ES. CONCLUSIONS When meta-analyses of behavioral interventions include a substantial proportion of both pilot/feasibility and N ≤ 100 studies, summary ES can be affected markedly and should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Beets
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, Columbia, USA.
| | - R Glenn Weaver
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, Columbia, USA
| | - John P A Ioannidis
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, of Health Research and Policy, of Biomedical Data Science, and of Statistics, Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Alexis Jones
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, Columbia, USA
| | | | - Bridget Armstrong
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, Columbia, USA
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19
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Time-specific intervention effects on objectively measured physical activity in school children. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01840-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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20
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Wade L, Beauchamp MR, Nathan N, Smith JJ, Leahy AA, Kennedy SG, Boyer J, Bao R, Diallo TMO, Vidal-Conti J, Lubans DR. Investigating the direct and indirect effects of a school-based leadership program for primary school students: Rationale and study protocol for the 'Learning to Lead' cluster randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279661. [PMID: 36662842 PMCID: PMC9858303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leadership is a valuable skill that can be taught in school, and which may have benefits within and beyond the classroom. Learning to Lead (L2L) is a student-led, primary school-based leadership program whereby older 'peer leaders' deliver a fundamental movement skills (FMS) program to younger 'peers' within their own school. AIM The aims of the study are to determine the efficacy of a peer-led FMS intervention on: (i) peer leaders' (aged 10 to 12 years) leadership effectiveness (primary outcome), leadership self-efficacy, well-being, and time on-task in the classroom; (ii) peers' (aged 8 to 10 years) physical activity levels, actual and perceived FMS competency, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular power, and executive functioning; and (iii) teachers' (referred to as 'school champions') work-related stress and well-being. METHOD L2L will be evaluated using a two-arm parallel group cluster randomised controlled trial. Twenty schools located within a two-hour drive of the University of Newcastle, Australia will be recruited. We will recruit 80 students (40 peer leaders and 40 peers) from each school (N = 1,600). L2L will be implemented in three phases: Phase 1 -school champions' training via a professional learning workshop; Phase 2 -school champions' delivery of leadership lessons to the peer leaders; and Phase 3 -peer leaders' delivery of the FMS program to their younger peers. The FMS program, consisting of 12 x 30-minute lessons, will be delivered over the course of one school term (10 weeks). Study outcomes will be assessed at baseline (between mid-March to June, Terms 1 and 2), intervention end (mid-August to September, Term 3), and follow-up (November to mid-December, Term 4. This trial was prospectively registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR); registration number: ACTRN12621000376842.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Wade
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark R. Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicole Nathan
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jordan J. Smith
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angus A. Leahy
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah G. Kennedy
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Boyer
- New South Wales Department of Education, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ran Bao
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thierno M. O. Diallo
- School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - David R. Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Human and Social Futures, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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21
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Jago R, Salway R, House D, Beets M, Lubans DR, Woods C, de Vocht F. Rethinking children's physical activity interventions at school: A new context-specific approach. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1149883. [PMID: 37124783 PMCID: PMC10133698 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is important for children's health. However, evidence suggests that many children and adults do not meet international physical activity recommendations. Current school-based interventions have had limited effect on physical activity and alternative approaches are needed. Context, which includes school setting, ethos, staff, and sociodemographic factors, is a key and largely ignored contributing factor to school-based physical activity intervention effectiveness, impacting in several interacting ways. Conceptualization Current programs focus on tightly-constructed content that ignores the context in which the program will be delivered, thereby limiting effectiveness. We propose a move away from uniform interventions that maximize internal validity toward a flexible approach that enables schools to tailor content to their specific context. Evaluation designs Evaluation of context-specific interventions should explicitly consider context. This is challenging in cluster randomized controlled trial designs. Thus, alternative designs such as natural experiment and stepped-wedge designs warrant further consideration. Primary outcome A collective focus on average minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity may not always be the most appropriate choice. A wider range of outcomes may improve children's physical activity and health in the long-term. In this paper, we argue that greater consideration of school context is key in the design and analysis of school-based physical activity interventions and may help overcome existing limitations in the design of effective interventions and thus progress the field. While this focus on context-specific interventions and evaluation is untested, we hope to stimulate debate of the key issues to improve future physical activity intervention development and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Russell Jago,
| | - Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle House
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Beets
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - David Revalds Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Catherine Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
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22
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Eather N, McLachlan E, Sylvester BD, Diallo T, Beauchamp M, Lubans D. Development and evaluation of the perceived variety-support in physical education scale (PVSPES). J Sports Sci 2022; 40:2384-2392. [PMID: 36538491 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2159116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The provision of variety has been posited to influence motivation in physical education. Therefore, the aim of this 3-phase study was to design and evaluate a brief scale to assess ratings of variety-support in physical education. In Phase 1, 20 experts were invited to review the developed items of the Perceived Variety-Support in Physical Education (PVSPE) scale. In Phase 2, factorial validity of item responses was assessed in a sample of adolescents aged 12-14 years (n = 265). In Phase 3, test-retest reliability was determined over a one-week period (n = 100). A one-factor model resulted in "good" fit to the data (χ2(21) = 43.265, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.952, RMSEA = 0.089; factor loading estimates showed that indicators were highly related to the factor (range: 0.60 to 0.93); and ICC was 0.98, 95% CI [0.97 to 0.98]. Our results provide initial evidence for the validity, measurement invariance, and test-retest reliability of scores derived from the VSPE scale for use with adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Eather
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Centre for Active Living, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - E. McLachlan
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - B. D. Sylvester
- Department of National Defence, Personnel Research in Action, Government of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - T. Diallo
- School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, Australia
| | - M.R. Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, the University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D.R. Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Centre for Active Living, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Australia
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23
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McHale F, Ng K, Scanlon D, Cooper J, Grady C, Norton C, O’Shea D, Woods C. Implementation evaluation of an Irish secondary-level whole school programme: a qualitative inquiry. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6774999. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Whole-of-school programmes (WSPs) are recommended to promote physical activity for adolescents. The Active School Flag (ASF) programme for secondary-level schools is one such WSP. Due to the difficulties of incorporating WSPs into the complex school system, there is a risk of poor implementation. The monitoring of unanticipated influences can help to understand key implementation processes prior to scale-up. The aims of this study were to identify perceived facilitators and barriers to implementing the ASF and recommend evidence-based implementation strategies. Focus groups and interviews (N = 50) were conducted in three schools with stakeholders involved in programme implementation, i.e. school management (n = 5), ASF coordinator (n = 4), student-leaders (aged 15–16 years) (n = 64) and staff committee (n = 25). Transcripts were analysed using codebook thematic analysis and were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Implementation strategies were identified and were selected systematically to address contextual needs. Three themes surrounding the facilitators and barriers to implementation were generated: intervention design factors (e.g. capacity building and knowledge of implementers; and interest and buy-in for the programme), organizational factors (e.g. optimization of people and the busy school environment) and interpersonal factors (e.g. communication and collaboration). The examination of facilitators and barriers to implementation of the ASF has assisted with the identification of implementation strategies including (not limited to) a shared leadership programme for student leaders and a more flexible timeline for completion. These facilitative implementation strategies may assist in the effective implementation of the ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona McHale
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
| | - Kwok Ng
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland , Joensuu , Finland
| | - Dylan Scanlon
- Teaching Enhancement Unit, Dublin City University , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Jemima Cooper
- Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath , UK
| | - Caera Grady
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
| | - Catherine Norton
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
| | - Donal O’Shea
- St Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Catherine Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
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Stabelini Neto A, dos Santos GC, da Silva JM, Correa RC, da Mata LBF, Barbosa RDO, Zampier Ulbrich A, Kennedy SG, Lubans DR. Improving physical activity behaviors, physical fitness, cardiometabolic and mental health in adolescents - ActTeens Program: A protocol for a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272629. [PMID: 35944003 PMCID: PMC9362910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This trial aims to investigate the effects of the ActTeens physical activity program, on adolescents’ physical activity level, health-related fitness, cardiometabolic and mental health. The trial will aim to recruit ~140 adolescents (aged 13–14 years). Participants will be randomized into either intervention or control groups. The intervention will be guided by social cognitive theory and self-determination theory and implemented over one school term (24-weeks). The ActTeens Program will include: (1) structured physical activity sessions delivered within physical education, including movement-based games and dynamic stretching warm-ups; resistance training skill development; high-intensity training workouts; and cool-downs; (2) self-monitoring plus goal setting for physical activity by pedometer-smart wearable; and (3) healthy lifestyle guidance (social support) by WhatsApp® messages about healthy eating and regular physical activity for the intervention and parents groups. Study outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 24-weeks from baseline, and 12-months from baseline. Physical activity (accelerometer) is the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic profile, and mental health. A process evaluation will be conducted (i.e., recruitment, retention, attendance, and program satisfaction). This project will have the potential to address many questions and debates regarding the implementation of physical activity interventions in low-and- middle-income countries. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05070377. Registered on 7 October 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Stabelini Neto
- Health Science Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Géssika Castilho dos Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education Associate UEM/UEL, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Jadson Marcio da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education Associate UEM/UEL, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Renan Camargo Correa
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education Associate UEM/UEL, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Lorena B. F. da Mata
- Health Science Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de O. Barbosa
- Health Science Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
| | - Anderson Zampier Ulbrich
- Health Sciences Sector, Department of Integrated Medicine, Research Group in Exercise Medicine (MedEx), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Sarah G. Kennedy
- Health and Physical Education, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Kingswood, NSW, Australia
| | - David R. Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Cost-effectiveness of a dietary and physical activity intervention in adolescents: a prototype modelling study based on the Engaging Adolescents in Changing Behaviour (EACH-B) programme. BMJ Open 2022. [PMCID: PMC9362792 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess costs, health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of interventions that aim to improve quality of diet and level of physical activity in adolescents. Design A Markov model was developed to assess four potential benefits of healthy behaviour for adolescents: better mental health (episodes of depression and generalised anxiety disorder), higher earnings and reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes and adverse pregnancy outcomes (in terms of preterm delivery). The model parameters were informed by published literature. The analysis took a societal perspective over a 20-year period. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses for 10 000 simulations were conducted. Participants A hypothetical cohort of 100 adolescents with a mean age of 13 years. Interventions An exemplar school-based, multicomponent intervention that was developed by the Engaging Adolescents for Changing Behaviour programme, compared with usual schooling. Outcome measure Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) as measured by cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Results The exemplar dietary and physical activity intervention was associated with an incremental cost of £123 per adolescent and better health outcomes with a mean QALY gain of 0.0085 compared with usual schooling, resulting in an ICER of £14 367 per QALY. The key model drivers are the intervention effect on levels of physical activity, quality-of-life gain for high levels of physical activity, the duration of the intervention effects and the period over which effects wane. Conclusions The results suggested that such an intervention has the potential to offer a cost-effective use of healthcare-resources for adolescents in the UK at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20 000 per QALY. The model focused on short-term to medium-term benefits of healthy eating and physical activity exploiting the strong evidence base that exists for this age group. Other benefits in later life, such as reduced cardiovascular risk, are more sensitive to assumptions about the persistence of behavioural change and discounting. Trail registration number ISRCTN74109264.
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Ptomey LT, Lee J, White DA, Helsel BC, Washburn RA, Donnelly JE. Changes in physical activity across a 6-month weight loss intervention in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2022; 66:545-557. [PMID: 34915594 PMCID: PMC9469505 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents and young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have high rates of obesity and low levels of physical activity. This analysis examined changes in light, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time, and the association between changes in MVPA and weight loss in adolescents and young adults with IDD and overweight and obesity participating in a 6-month multi-component weight loss intervention. METHODS Adolescents and young adults with IDD and overweight or obesity (body mass index ≥ 85 percentile, n = 110, age ~16 years, 52.7% female) and a parent were randomised to one of three intervention groups: face-to-face delivery/conventional reduced energy diet (n = 36), remote delivery (RD)/conventional reduced energy diet (n = 39), or RD/reduced energy enhanced stop light diet (eSLD) (n = 35.) Participants were asked to engage in 60 min/day of MVPA on 5 or more days/wk. Participants and a parent attended twice monthly education/behavioural counselling sessions with a health educator to assist participants in complying with dietary and MVPA recommendations. Education/counselling in the RD arms was delivered remotely using video conferencing, and self-monitoring of MVPA and daily steps was completed using a wireless activity tracker. Education/counselling in the face-to-face arm was delivered during home-visits and self-monitoring of MVPA and daily steps was completed by self-report using paper tracking forms designed for individuals with IDD. MVPA, light activity, and sedentary time were assessed over 7 days at baseline and 6 months using a portable accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3x-BT). RESULTS Mixed modelling analysis completed using participants with valid accelerometer data (i.e. ≥4-10 h days) at baseline (n = 68) and 6 months (n = 30) revealed no significant changes in light, moderate- MVPA, or sedentary time across the 6-month intervention (all P > 0.05). Participants obtained 15.2 ± 21.5 min/day of MVPA at baseline and 19.7 ± 19.7 min/day at 6 months (P = 0.119). Mixed modelling indicated no significant effects of group (P = 0.79), time (P = 0.10), or group-by-time interaction (P = 0.21) on changes in MVPA from baseline to 6 months. Correlational analysis conducted on participants with valid accelerometer data at both baseline and 6 months (n = 24) revealed no significant associations between baseline sedentary time (r = 0.10, P = 0.40) and baseline MVPA (r = -0.22, P = 0.30) and change in MVPA across the 6-month intervention. Additionally, attendance at education/counselling sessions (r = 0.26, P = 0.22) and frequency of self-monitoring of MVPA were not significantly associated with change in MVPA from baseline to 6 months (r = 0.26, P = 0.44). Baseline MVPA (r = 0.02, P = 0.92) and change in MVPA from baseline to 6 months (r = 0.13, P = 0.30) were not associated with changes in body weight across the 6-month intervention. CONCLUSION We observed a non-significant increase in MVPA (30%), which was not associated with the magnitude of weight loss in a sample of adolescents and young adults with IDD who participated in a 6-month multi-component weight loss intervention. Additional strategies to increase MVPA in adolescents and young adults with IDD participating in weight loss interventions need to be developed and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T. Ptomey
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Institute for Measurement, Methodology, Analysis and Policy, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX, 79409 USA
| | - David A. White
- Ward Family Heart Center, Children’s Mercy Hospital Kansas City, Kansas City, MO USA
| | - Brian C. Helsel
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Richard A. Washburn
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
| | - Joseph E. Donnelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA
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Alliott O, Ryan M, Fairbrother H, van Sluijs E. Do adolescents' experiences of the barriers to and facilitators of physical activity differ by socioeconomic position? A systematic review of qualitative evidence. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13374. [PMID: 34713548 PMCID: PMC7613938 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to systematically identify and synthesize qualitative data on adolescents' experiences of the barriers to and facilitators of physical activity to understand whether these differ by socioeconomic position. Multiple databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, and ERIC) were searched in August 2020. Duplicate title/abstract and full text screening was conducted. Studies were included if they reported qualitative data collected from adolescents (aged 10-19), a measure of socioeconomic position and focused on physical activity. Studies not published in English or published before 2000 were excluded. Relevant data were extracted and methodological quality assessed (in duplicate). Data were analyzed using Thomas and Harden's methods for the thematic synthesis. Four analytical themes emerged from the 25 included studies: (1) social support, (2) accessibility and the environment, (3) other behaviors and health, and (4) gendered experiences. These themes appeared across socioeconomic groups; however, their narratives varied significantly. For example, provision and access to local facilities was discussed as a facilitator to middle and high socioeconomic adolescents, but was a barrier to low socioeconomic adolescents. These findings can be used to inform how different socioeconomic groups may benefit from, or be disadvantaged by, current interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Alliott
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mairead Ryan
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Esther van Sluijs
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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28
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Jago R, Tibbitts B, Willis K, Sanderson E, Kandiyali R, Reid T, MacNeill S, Kipping R, Campbell R, Sebire SJ, Hollingworth W. Peer-led physical activity intervention for girls aged 13 to 14 years: PLAN-A cluster RCT. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3310/zjqw2587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Increasing physical activity among girls is a public health priority. Peers play a central role in influencing adolescent behaviour. Peer-led interventions may increase physical activity in adolescent girls, and a feasibility trial had shown that PLAN-A (Peer-led physical Activity iNtervention for Adolescent girls) had evidence of promise to increase physical activity in adolescent girls.
Objective
The objective was to test whether or not PLAN-A can increase adolescent girls’ physical activity, relative to usual practice, and be cost-effective.
Design
This was a two-arm, cluster-randomised controlled trial, including an economic evaluation and a process evaluation.
Participants
State-funded secondary schools in the UK with girls in Year 9 (aged 13–14 years) participated in the trial. All Year 9 girls in participating schools were eligible.
Randomisation
Schools were the unit of allocation. They were randomised by an independent statistician, who was blinded to school identities, to the control or intervention arm, stratified by region and the England Index of Multiple Deprivation score.
Intervention
The intervention comprised peer nomination (i.e. identification of influential girls), train the trainers (i.e. training the instructors who delivered the intervention), peer supporter training (i.e. training the peer-nominated girls in techniques and strategies underpinned by motivational theory to support peer physical activity increases) and a 10-week diffusion period.
Outcomes
The primary outcome was accelerometer-assessed mean weekday minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity among Year 9 girls. The follow-up measures were conducted 5–6 months after the 10-week intervention, when the girls were in Year 10 (which was also 12 months after the baseline measures). Analysis used a multivariable, mixed-effects, linear regression model on an intention-to-treat basis. Secondary outcomes included weekend moderate to vigorous physical activity, and weekday and weekend sedentary time. Intervention delivery costs were calculated for the economic evaluation.
Results
A total of 33 schools were approached; 20 schools and 1558 pupils consented. Pupils in the intervention arm had higher Index of Multiple Deprivation scores than pupils in the control arm. The numbers randomised were as follows: 10 schools (n = 758 pupils) were randomised to the intervention arm and 10 schools (n = 800 pupils) were randomised to the control arm. For analysis, a total of 1219 pupils provided valid weekday accelerometer data at both time points (intervention, n = 602; control, n = 617). The mean weekday moderate to vigorous physical activity was similar between groups at follow-up. The central estimate of time spent engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity was 2.84 minutes lower in the intervention arm than in the control arm, after adjustment for baseline mean weekday moderate to vigorous physical activity, the number of valid days of data and the stratification variables; however, this difference was not statistically significant (95% confidence interval –5.94 to 0.25; p = 0.071). There were no between-arm differences in the secondary outcomes. The intervention costs ranged from £20.85 to £48.86 per pupil, with an average cost of £31.16.
Harms
None.
Limitations
The trial was limited to south-west England.
Conclusions
There was no evidence that PLAN-A increased physical activity in Year 9 girls compared with usual practice and, consequently, it was not cost-effective.
Future work
Future work should evaluate the utility of whole-school approaches to promote physical activity in schools.
Trial registration
This trial is registered as ISRCTN14539759.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 10, No. 6. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. This trial was designed and delivered in collaboration with the Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration (BRTC), a United Kingdom Clinical Research Commission (UKCRC)-registered Clinical Trials Unit that, as part of the Bristol Trials Centre, is in receipt of NIHR Clinical Trials Unit support funding. The sponsor of this trial was University of Bristol, Research and Enterprise Development www.bristol.ac.uk/red/. The costs of delivering the intervention were funded by Sport England.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Byron Tibbitts
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kathryn Willis
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emily Sanderson
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca Kandiyali
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom Reid
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephanie MacNeill
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruth Kipping
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rona Campbell
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Simon J Sebire
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Sutherland R, Campbell E, McLaughlin M, Nathan N, Wolfenden L, Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Gillham K, Oldmeadow C, Searles A, Reeves P, Williams M, Evans N, Bailey A, Boyer J, Lecathelinais C, Davies L, McKenzie T, Robertson K, Wiggers J. Scale-up of the Physical Activity 4 Everyone (PA4E1) intervention in secondary schools: 24-month implementation and cost outcomes from a cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:137. [PMID: 34688281 PMCID: PMC8542325 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical Activity 4 Everyone (PA4E1) is an evidence-based program effective at increasing adolescent physical activity (PA) and improving weight status. This study aimed to determine a) the effectiveness of an adapted implementation intervention to scale-up PA4E1 at 24-month follow-up, b) fidelity and reach, and c) the cost and cost-effectiveness of the implementation support intervention. Methods A cluster randomised controlled trial using a type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness design in 49 lower socio-economic secondary schools, randomised to a program (n = 24) or control group (n = 25). An adapted implementation intervention consisting of seven strategies was developed to support schools to implement PA4E1 over 24-months. The primary outcome was the proportion of schools implementing at least four of the 7 PA practices, assessed via computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) with Head Physical Education Teachers. Secondary outcomes included the mean number of PA practices implemented, fidelity and reach, cost and cost-effectiveness. Logistic regression models assessed program effects. Results At baseline, no schools implemented four of the 7 PA practices. At 24-months, significantly more schools in the program group (16/23, 69.6%) implemented at least four of the 7 PA practices than the control group (0/25, 0%) (p < 0.001). At 24-months, program schools were implementing an average of 3.6 more practices than control schools (4.1 (1.7) vs. 0.5 (0.8), respectively) (P < 0.001). Fidelity and reach of the implementation intervention were high (> 75%). The total cost of the program was $415,112 AUD (2018) ($17,296 per school; $117.30 per student). Conclusions The adapted implementation intervention provides policy makers and researchers with an effective and potentially cost-effective model for scaling-up the delivery of PA4E1 in secondary schools. Further assessment of sustainability is warranted. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000681358 prospectively registered 12th May 2017. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01206-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sutherland
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Campbell
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Matthew McLaughlin
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia. .,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia. .,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Nicole Nathan
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Karen Gillham
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Chris Oldmeadow
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Andrew Searles
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Penny Reeves
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Mandy Williams
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Locked Mail Bag, 7279, BC1871, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Evans
- Central Coast Local Health District, 4-6 Watt Street, Gosford, NSW, 2250, Australia
| | - Andrew Bailey
- Mid North Coast Local Health District, P.O. Box 126, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - James Boyer
- New South Wales Department of Education, School Sports Unit, Level 3, 1 Oxford Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Christophe Lecathelinais
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Lynda Davies
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Tom McKenzie
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Katie Robertson
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - John Wiggers
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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30
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Christiansen F, Ahlqvist VH, Nyroos M, Löfgren H, Berglind D. Physical Activity through a Classroom-Based Intervention: A Pragmatic Non-Randomized Trial among Swedish Adolescents in an Upper Secondary School. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111041. [PMID: 34769561 PMCID: PMC8583372 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Schools are an important arena to curb the decline in physical activity (PA) in youth. School-based interventions with accelerometer-measured PA are warranted. This study aimed to increase accelerometer-measured PA in adolescents following a 12-month school-based intervention. Two school-classes of 16–18-year-old Swedish students were allocated to intervention group and control group. Accelerometer-measured PA was gathered at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-up. Mixed-effects linear regression was used to investigate between-group and within-group differences in mean minutes per day (min/day) of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA) and sedentary time (ST). Fifty-seven students participated (intervention group = 31, control group = 26). At 12-month follow-up, the intervention group performed 5.9 (95% CI: −4.3, 16.2) min/day more in MVPA, 1.8 (95% CI: −17.9, 14.2) min/day less in LPA, and 4.1 (95% CI: −27.3, 19.2) min/day less in ST compared to the control group. Within the intervention group, there was no significant change in PA. Within the control group, LPA decreased (95% CI: −19.6, −0.2; p = 0.044) and ST increased (95% CI: 1.8, 30.8; p = 0.028). Although no between-group differences in PA were statistically significant, the within-group changes may suggest a preventive impact on the decline in PA during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Christiansen
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.H.A.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-070-424-91-49
| | - Viktor H. Ahlqvist
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.H.A.); (D.B.)
| | - Mikaela Nyroos
- Department of Education, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Hans Löfgren
- Department of the Police Education Unit, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Daniel Berglind
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (V.H.A.); (D.B.)
- Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, 104 31 Stockholm, Sweden
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31
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Carlberg Rindestig F, Wiberg M, Chaplin JE, Henje E, Dennhag I. Psychometrics of three Swedish physical pediatric item banks from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)®: pain interference, fatigue, and physical activity. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:105. [PMID: 34637029 PMCID: PMC8511253 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) aims to provide self-reported item banks for several dimensions of physical, mental and social health. Here we investigate the psychometric properties of the Swedish pediatric versions of the Physical Health item banks for pain interference, fatigue and physical activity which can be used in school health care and other clinical pediatric settings. Physical health has been shown to be more important for teenagers' well-being than ever because of the link to several somatic and mental conditions. The item banks are not yet available in Sweden. METHODS 12- to 19-year-old participants (n = 681) were recruited in public school settings, and at a child- and psychiatric outpatient clinic. Three one-factor models using CFA were performed to evaluate scale dimensionality. We analyzed monotonicity and local independence. The items were calibrated by fitting the graded response model. Differential Item analyses (DIF) for age, gender and language were calculated. RESULTS As part of the three one-factor models, we found support that each item bank measures a unidimensional construct. No monotonicity or local dependence were found. We found that 11 items had significant lack of fit in the item response theory (IRT) analyses. The result also showed DIF for age (seven items) and language (nine items). However, the differences on item fits and effect sizes of McFadden were negligible. After considering the analytic results, graphical illustration, item content and clinical relevance we decided to keep all items in the item banks. CONCLUSIONS We translated and validated the U.S. PROMIS item banks pain interference, fatigue and physical activity into Swedish by applying CFA, IRT and DIF analyses. The results suggest adequacy of the translations in terms of their psychometrics. The questionnaires can be used in school health and other pediatric care. Future studies can be to use Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT), which provide fewer but reliable items to the test person compared to classical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Carlberg Rindestig
- Department of Clinical Science, Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marie Wiberg
- Department of Statistics, USBE, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - John Eric Chaplin
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Henje
- Department of Clinical Science, Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Inga Dennhag
- Department of Clinical Science, Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden.
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Wehner SK, Tjørnhøj-Thomsen T, Duus KS, Brautsch LAS, Jørgensen A, Bonnesen CT, Krølner RF. Adaptation, Student Participation and Gradual Withdrawal by Researchers as Sustainability Strategies in the High School-Based Young and Active Intervention: School Coordinators' Perspectives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10557. [PMID: 34639854 PMCID: PMC8508229 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ensuring the sustainability of school-based public health intervention activities remains a challenge. The Young and Active (Y&A) intervention used peer-led workshops to promote movement and strengthen students' sense of community in 16 Danish high schools. Peer mentors inspired first-year students to implement movement activities. To support sustainability, we applied a three-year stepwise implementation strategy using university students as peer mentors in year 1 and senior high school students in the following two years. This study explores the sustainability potential of Y&A, focusing on school coordinators' reflections on the intervention's fit to their schools and the student-driven approach, and we assess the three-step implementation strategy. The study is based on telephone interviews with coordinators (n = 7) from schools that participated in all three years and participant observations of four workshops (a total of approximately 250 participating students). Results were generated through an abductive analysis. Seven schools continued the intervention throughout the three years and adapted it to fit their priorities. The student-driven approach was perceived to be valuable, but few student-driven activities were initiated. Teacher support seemed crucial to support students in starting up activities and acting as peer mentors in workshops. The three-step implementation strategy proved valuable due to the peer-approach and the possibility of gradual adaptation. In future similar initiatives, it is important to address how the adequate staff support of students can be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Kjær Wehner
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 1455 Copenhagen, Denmark; (T.T.-T.); (K.S.D.); (L.A.S.B.); (A.J.); (C.T.B.); (R.F.K.)
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van Sluijs EMF, Brown HE, Coombes E, Hughes C, Jones AP, Morton KL, Guagliano JM. An online family-based self-monitoring and goal-setting intervention to improve children’s physical activity: the FRESH feasibility trial and three-arm pilot RCT. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3310/phr09090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Family-based physical activity promotion presents a promising avenue for promoting whole-family physical activity, but high-quality research is lacking.
Objectives
To assess the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of FRESH (Families Reporting Every Step to Health), a child-led online family-based physical activity intervention; and to identify effective and resource-efficient family recruitment strategies.
Design
The project consisted of (1) a randomised feasibility trial, (2) a randomised controlled pilot trial and (3) a systematic review and Delphi study.
Setting
Norfolk/Suffolk counties, UK.
Participants
Families, recruited from schools, workplaces and community settings, were eligible to participate if one child aged 7–11 years and one adult responsible for their care provided written consent; all family members could participate.
Interventions
The FRESH intervention, guided by self-determination theory, targeted whole families and was delivered via an online platform. All family members received pedometers and were given website access to select family step challenges to ‘travel’ to target cities around the world, log steps, and track progress as they virtually globetrotted. Families were randomised to FRESH intervention, pedometer-only or control arm.
Main outcome measures
Physical (e.g. blood pressure), psychosocial (e.g. family functioning) and behavioural (e.g. device-measured family physical activity) measures were collected at baseline and at 8- and 52-week follow-up. A mixed-methods process evaluation assessed the acceptability of the intervention and evaluation.
Data sources review
Systematic search of four databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycINFO and SCOPUS).
Review methods
Articles were screened in duplicate, and data extraction was fully checked. Academic experts participated in the three-round Delphi study. Data were combined to identify effective and resource-efficient family recruitment strategies.
Inclusion criteria
Included generally healthy school-aged children and at least one adult; intervention attempted to change physical activity, sedentary behaviour, screen use, diet, or prevent overweight/obesity in multiple family members; presented relevant measure of effect in children and adults.
Results
The feasibility study (12 families, 32 participants; 100% retention at 8 weeks) demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of FRESH, but highlighted that adaptations were required. Of 41 families recruited in the pilot study (149 participants), 98% and 88% were retained at the 8-week and 52-week follow-up, respectively. More children in the FRESH arm self-reported doing more family physical activity, and they thought that FRESH was fun. There were no notable between-group differences in children’s outcomes. Change in moderate to vigorous physical activity at 8 weeks favoured FRESH intervention adults [vs. control: 9.4 minutes/week (95% confidence interval 0.4 to 18.4) vs. pedometer only: 15.3 (95% confidence interval 6.0 to 24.5)], and was stronger in fathers, but this was not maintained. In 49 included studies, apart from recruitment settings and strategies used (reported in 84% and 73% of the studies, respectively), recruitment details were scarce. School-based recruitment was predominant. The Delphi study identified a wide range of recruitment settings and strategies.
Limitations
Recruitment was the main limitation of the FRESH studies; generalisability of the proposed recruitment strategies may be limited.
Conclusions
This study has demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of the FRESH intervention. However, we failed to recruit the target sample size and were unable to demonstrate a signal of effectiveness. Future research should employ a multifaceted recruitment approach.
Future work
Further refinements to intervention delivery and recruitment methods should be investigated.
Study registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN12789422 and PROSPERO CRD42019140042.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 9, No. 9. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther MF van Sluijs
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen E Brown
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma Coombes
- Norwich Medical School and Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Claire Hughes
- Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew P Jones
- Norwich Medical School and Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Katie L Morton
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Justin M Guagliano
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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van Sluijs EMF, Ekelund U, Crochemore-Silva I, Guthold R, Ha A, Lubans D, Oyeyemi AL, Ding D, Katzmarzyk PT. Physical activity behaviours in adolescence: current evidence and opportunities for intervention. Lancet 2021; 398:429-442. [PMID: 34302767 PMCID: PMC7612669 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Young people aged 10-24 years constitute 24% of the world's population; investing in their health could yield a triple benefit-eg, today, into adulthood, and for the next generation. However, in physical activity research, this life stage is poorly understood, with the evidence dominated by research in younger adolescents (aged 10-14 years), school settings, and high-income countries. Globally, 80% of adolescents are insufficiently active, and many adolescents engage in 2 h or more daily recreational screen time. In this Series paper, we present the most up-to-date global evidence on adolescent physical activity and discuss directions for identifying potential solutions to enhance physical activity in the adolescent population. Adolescent physical inactivity probably contributes to key global health problems, including cardiometabolic and mental health disorders, but the evidence is methodologically weak. Evidence-based solutions focus on three key components of the adolescent physical activity system: supportive schools, the social and digital environment, and multipurpose urban environments. Despite an increasing volume of research focused on adolescents, there are still important knowledge gaps, and efforts to improve adolescent physical activity surveillance, research, intervention implementation, and policy development are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M F van Sluijs
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Regina Guthold
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amy Ha
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - David Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Ha AS, Lonsdale C, Lubans DR, Ng FF, Ng JYY. Improving children's fundamental movement skills through a family-based physical activity program: results from the "Active 1 + FUN" randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:99. [PMID: 34273973 PMCID: PMC8285675 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01160-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is related to many positive health outcomes, yet activity levels of many children are low. Researchers have suggested that family-based interventions may improve physical activity behaviors of both children and their parents. In this study, we evaluated the “Active 1 + FUN” program, which was designed based on tenets of self-determination theory. Intervention components included free sporting equipment, ten coach-led workshops and activity sessions, and one booster session. Methods We evaluated the intervention program using a randomized controlled trial. One hundred seventy-one families were randomly allocated to either an experimental group or a wait-list control group. Participants were exposed to program contents over a nine-month period, while families in the control did not receive any form of intervention. Measured constructs included moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, co-physical activity behaviors, fundamental movement skills, BMI, and several self-reported questionnaire outcomes. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to compare changes in measured outcomes across the two groups. Results No significant intervention effects were found for children’s and parents’ accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, or their co-physical activity. However, in terms of children’s fundamental movement skills, a significant Time*Group interaction (B = 0.52, 95% CI [0.07, 0.96] for Times 1 to 2; B = 0.24, 95% CI [0.01, 0.48] for Times 1 to 3) in favor of the experimental group was found. Conclusions Results suggested that the “Active 1 + FUN” program was effective in improving children’s fundamental movement skills. Additional research is needed to examine how family-based initiatives could effectively improve physical activity behaviors too. Trial registration ANZCTR, ACTRN12618001524280. Registered 11 September 2018, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375660. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01160-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy S Ha
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Kwok Sports Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 33 Berry Street, North Sydney, NSW, 2060, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Florrie F Ng
- Department of Educational Psychology, Ho Tim Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Johan Y Y Ng
- Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Corder KL, Brown HE, Croxson CHD, Jong ST, Sharp SJ, Vignoles A, Wilkinson PO, Wilson ECF, van Sluijs EMF. A school-based, peer-led programme to increase physical activity among 13- to 14-year-old adolescents: the GoActive cluster RCT. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3310/phr09060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Adolescent physical activity levels are low and are associated with rising disease risk and social disadvantage. The Get Others Active (GoActive) intervention was co-designed with adolescents and teachers to increase physical activity in adolescents.
Objective
To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the school-based GoActive programme in increasing adolescents’ moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
Design
A cluster randomised controlled trial with an embedded mixed-methods process evaluation.
Setting
Non-fee-paying schools in Cambridgeshire and Essex, UK (n = 16). Schools were computer randomised and stratified by socioeconomic position and county.
Participants
A total of 2862 Year 9 students (aged 13–14 years; 84% of eligible students).
Intervention
The iteratively developed feasibility-tested refined 12-week intervention trained older adolescents (mentors) and in-class peer leaders to encourage classes to undertake two new weekly activities. Mentors met with classes weekly. Students and classes gained points and rewards for activity in and out of school.
Main outcome measures
The primary outcome was average daily minutes of accelerometer-assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at 10 months post intervention. Secondary outcomes included accelerometer-assessed activity during school, after school and at weekends; self-reported physical activity and psychosocial outcomes; cost-effectiveness; well-being and a mixed-methods process evaluation. Measurement staff were blinded to allocation.
Results
Of 2862 recruited participants, 2167 (76%) attended 10-month follow-up measurements and we analysed the primary outcome for 1874 (65.5%) participants. At 10 months, there was a mean decrease in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of 8.3 (standard deviation 19.3) minutes in control participants and 10.4 (standard deviation 22.7) minutes in intervention participants (baseline-adjusted difference –1.91 minutes, 95% confidence interval –5.53 to 1.70 minutes; p = 0.316). The programme cost £13 per student compared with control. Therefore, it was not cost-effective. Non-significant indications of differential impacts suggested detrimental effects among boys (boys –3.44, 95% confidence interval –7.42 to 0.54; girls –0.20, 95% confidence interval –3.56 to 3.16), but favoured adolescents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (medium/low 4.25, 95% confidence interval –0.66 to 9.16; high –2.72, 95% confidence interval –6.33 to 0.89). Mediation analysis did not support the use of any included intervention components to increase physical activity. Some may have potential for improving well-being. Students, teachers and mentors mostly reported enjoying the GoActive intervention (56%, 87% and 50%, respectively), but struggled to conceptualise their roles. Facilitators of implementation included school support, embedding a routine, and mentor and tutor support. Challenges to implementation included having limited school space for activities, time, and uncertainty of teacher and mentor roles.
Limitations
Retention on the primary outcome at 10-month follow-up was low (65.5%), but we achieved our intended sample size, with retention comparable to similar trials.
Conclusions
A rigorously developed school-based intervention (i.e. GoActive) was not effective in countering the age-related decline in adolescent physical activity. Overall, this mixed-methods evaluation provides transferable insights for future intervention development, implementation and evaluation.
Future work
Interdisciplinary research is required to understand educational setting-specific implementation challenges. School leaders and authorities should be realistic about expectations of the effect of school-based physical activity promotion strategies implemented at scale.
Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN31583496.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 9, No. 6. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. This work was additionally supported by the Medical Research Council (London, UK) (Unit Programme number MC_UU_12015/7) and undertaken under the auspices of the Centre for Diet and Activity Research (Cambridge, UK), a UK Clinical Research Collaboration Public Health Research Centre of Excellence. Funding from the British Heart Foundation (London, UK), Cancer Research UK (London, UK), Economic and Social Research Council (Swindon, UK), Medical Research Council, the National Institute for Health Research (Southampton, UK) and the Wellcome Trust (London, UK), under the auspices of the UK Clinical Research Collaboration, is gratefully acknowledged (087636/Z/08/Z; ES/G007462/1; MR/K023187/1). GoActive facilitator costs were borne by Essex and Cambridgeshire County Councils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten L Corder
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen E Brown
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline HD Croxson
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephanie T Jong
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen J Sharp
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Vignoles
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul O Wilkinson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward CF Wilson
- Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Economics Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Esther MF van Sluijs
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Fernández-Ruiz VE, Solé-Agustí M, Armero-Barranco D, Cauli O. Weight Loss and Improvement of Metabolic Alterations in Overweight and Obese Children Through the I 2AO 2 Family Program: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Biol Res Nurs 2021; 23:488-503. [PMID: 33517762 DOI: 10.1177/1099800420987303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a major public health concern. We wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary program based on healthy eating, exercise, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and health education to achieve weight loss and improve metabolic parameters in overweight and obese children. A randomized, controlled clinical trial with long-term follow-up (24 months) was conducted at a community care center in overweight and obese individuals aged 6-12 years. A sample of 108 children was divided into an experimental and a control group receiving a standard care program. The experimental groups received a 12-month interdisciplinary program; the results were evaluated at 4 months, the end of the intervention, and at follow-up 12 months later. Anthropometric and biological marker measurements related to metabolic alterations, dyslipidemia (based on total cholesterol), hyperglycemia, fasting glycaemia, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blood were recorded. The intervention had a significant effect (p < 0.001) in terms of decreased body mass index, skinfolds, and waist and arm circumferences. These changes were accompanied by biochemical changes underlying an improvement in metabolic parameters, such as a significant reduction in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, and hyperglycemia and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. These effects were still significant for markers of excess weight or obesity in the experimental group 12 months after the end of the intervention, suggesting that an enduring change in healthy lifestyles had been maintained period. This interdisciplinary, nurse-led program helped to reduce childhood and adolescent excess weight and obesity and had long-lasting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia E Fernández-Ruiz
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinic Hospital Murcia, Spain.,Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Calle Campus Universitario, 16751University of Murcia, Spain
| | | | - David Armero-Barranco
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Calle Campus Universitario, 16751University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Omar Cauli
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatrics, 16781University of Valencia, Spain
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Hartwig TB, Sanders T, Vasconcellos D, Noetel M, Parker PD, Lubans DR, Andrade S, Ávila-García M, Bartholomew J, Belton S, Brooks NE, Bugge A, Cavero-Redondo I, Christiansen LB, Cohen K, Coppinger T, Dyrstad S, Errisuriz V, Fairclough S, Gorely T, Javier Huertas-Delgado F, Issartel J, Kriemler S, Kvalø SE, Marques-Vidal P, Martinez-Vizcaino V, Møller NC, Moran C, Morris J, Nevill M, Ochoa-Avilés A, O'Leary M, Peralta L, Pfeiffer KA, Puder J, Redondo-Tébar A, Robbins LB, Sanchez-Lopez M, Tarp J, Taylor S, Tercedor P, Toftager M, Villa-González E, Wedderkopp N, Weston KL, Yin Z, Zhixiong Z, Lonsdale C, Del Pozo Cruz B. School-based interventions modestly increase physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness but are least effective for youth who need them most: an individual participant pooled analysis of 20 controlled trials. Br J Sports Med 2021; 55:bjsports-2020-102740. [PMID: 33441332 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if subpopulations of students benefit equally from school-based physical activity interventions in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity. To examine if physical activity intensity mediates improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness. DESIGN Pooled analysis of individual participant data from controlled trials that assessed the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness and device-measured physical activity. PARTICIPANTS Data for 6621 children and adolescents aged 4-18 years from 20 trials were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Peak oxygen consumption (VO2Peak mL/kg/min) and minutes of moderate and vigorous physical activity. RESULTS Interventions modestly improved students' cardiorespiratory fitness by 0.47 mL/kg/min (95% CI 0.33 to 0.61), but the effects were not distributed equally across subpopulations. Girls and older students benefited less than boys and younger students, respectively. Students with lower levels of initial fitness, and those with higher levels of baseline physical activity benefitted more than those who were initially fitter and less active, respectively. Interventions had a modest positive effect on physical activity with approximately one additional minute per day of both moderate and vigorous physical activity. Changes in vigorous, but not moderate intensity, physical activity explained a small amount (~5%) of the intervention effect on cardiorespiratory fitness. CONCLUSIONS Future interventions should include targeted strategies to address the needs of girls and older students. Interventions may also be improved by promoting more vigorous intensity physical activity. Interventions could mitigate declining youth cardiorespiratory fitness, increase physical activity and promote cardiovascular health if they can be delivered equitably and their effects sustained at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Bryan Hartwig
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Taren Sanders
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Diego Vasconcellos
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Noetel
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Philip D Parker
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Revalds Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susana Andrade
- Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Education Sciences, University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Manuel Ávila-García
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - John Bartholomew
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Naomi E Brooks
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Anna Bugge
- Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristen Cohen
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle Faculty of Science, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tara Coppinger
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sindre Dyrstad
- Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Vanessa Errisuriz
- Latino Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Stuart Fairclough
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK
| | - Trish Gorely
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the Highlands and Islands Inverness College, Inverness, Highland, UK
| | | | - Johann Issartel
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zürich, Zurich, ZH, Switzerland
| | | | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Niels Christian Møller
- Department of Sport Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Colin Moran
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - John Morris
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Mary Nevill
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Angélica Ochoa-Avilés
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Mai O'Leary
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Louisa Peralta
- Sydney School of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney - Camperdown and Darlington Campus, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karin A Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jardena Puder
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrés Redondo-Tébar
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Lorraine B Robbins
- Nursing Education and Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Mairena Sanchez-Lopez
- Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Jakob Tarp
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School ofSports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport andExercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Pablo Tercedor
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Mette Toftager
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emilio Villa-González
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Niels Wedderkopp
- Orthopedic Department, Hospital Of Southwestern Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Kathryn Louise Weston
- School of Applied Sciences Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zenong Yin
- Department of Public Health, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zhou Zhixiong
- Institute for Sport Performance and Health Promotion, Capital University of Sports and Physical Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Riley N, Mavilidi MF, Kennedy SG, Morgan PJ, Lubans DR. Dissemination of Thinking while Moving in Maths: Implementation Barriers and Facilitators. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lubans DR, Smith JJ, Eather N, Leahy AA, Morgan PJ, Lonsdale C, Plotnikoff RC, Nilsson M, Kennedy SG, Holliday EG, Weaver N, Noetel M, Shigeta TT, Mavilidi MF, Valkenborghs SR, Gyawali P, Walker FR, Costigan SA, Hillman CH. Time-efficient intervention to improve older adolescents' cardiorespiratory fitness: findings from the 'Burn 2 Learn' cluster randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports Med 2020; 55:bjsports-2020-103277. [PMID: 33355155 PMCID: PMC8223670 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-103277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an important marker of current and future health status. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of a time-efficient school-based intervention on older adolescents' CRF. METHODS Two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial conducted in two cohorts (February 2018 to February 2019 and February 2019 to February 2020) in New South Wales, Australia. Participants (N=670, 44.6% women, 16.0±0.43 years) from 20 secondary schools: 10 schools (337 participants) were randomised to the Burn 2 Learn (B2L) intervention and 10 schools (333 participants) to the control. Teachers in schools allocated to the B2L intervention were provided with training, resources, and support to facilitate the delivery of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) activity breaks during curriculum time. Teachers and students in the control group continued their usual practice. The primary outcome was CRF (20 m multi-stage fitness test). Secondary outcomes were muscular fitness, physical activity, hair cortisol concentrations, mental health and cognitive function. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6 months (primary end-point) and 12 months. Effects were estimated using mixed models accounting for clustering. RESULTS We observed a group-by-time effect for CRF (difference=4.1 laps, 95% CI 1.8 to 6.4) at the primary end-point (6 months), but not at 12 months. At 6 months, group-by-time effects were found for muscular fitness, steps during school hours and cortisol. CONCLUSIONS Implementing HIIT during curricular time improved adolescents' CRF and several secondary outcomes. Our findings suggest B2L is unlikely to be an effective approach unless teachers embed sessions within the school day. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618000293268).
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jordan J Smith
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Narelle Eather
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angus A Leahy
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Lonsdale
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Nilsson
- Centre for Rehab Innovations and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah G Kennedy
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha Weaver
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Noetel
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tatsuya T Shigeta
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Myrto F Mavilidi
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Early Start, School of Education, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah R Valkenborghs
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Prajwal Gyawali
- School of Health and Wellbeing, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Frederick R Walker
- Centre for Rehab Innovations and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah A Costigan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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41
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Kennedy SG, Leahy AA, Smith JJ, Eather N, Hillman CH, Morgan PJ, Plotnikoff RC, Boyer J, Lubans DR. Process Evaluation of a School-Based High-Intensity Interval Training Program for Older Adolescents: The Burn 2 Learn Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:E299. [PMID: 33339356 PMCID: PMC7765884 DOI: 10.3390/children7120299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Process evaluations can help to optimise the implementation of school-based physical activity interventions. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process evaluation of a school-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program for older adolescent students, known as Burn 2 Learn (B2L). B2L was evaluated via a cluster randomised controlled trial in 20 secondary schools (10 intervention, 10 control) in New South Wales, Australia. Teachers (n = 22 (55% female)) from the 10 intervention schools, delivered the program over three phases (Phases 1 and 2, 6 months; Phase 3, 6 months) to older adolescent students (n = 337 (50% female); mean ± standard deviation (SD) age = 16.0 ± 0.4 years). Process evaluation data were collected across the 12-month study period. Teachers delivered 2.0 ± 0.8 and 1.7 ± 0.6 sessions/week in Phases 1 and 2 respectively (mean total 25.9 ± 5.2), but only 0.6 ± 0.7 sessions/week in Phase 3. Observational data showed that session quality was high, however heart rate (HR) data indicated that only half of the students reached the prescribed threshold of ≥85% predicted HRmax during sessions. Over 80% of teachers reported they intended to deliver the B2L program to future student cohorts. Almost 70% of students indicated they intended to participate in HIIT in the future. Teachers considered the program to be adaptable, and both students and teachers were satisfied with the intervention. B2L was implemented with moderate-to-high fidelity in Phases 1 and 2, but low in Phase 3. Our findings add to the relatively scant process evaluation literature focused on the delivery of school-based physical activity programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G. Kennedy
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.G.K.); (A.A.L.); (J.J.S.); (N.E.); (P.J.M.); (R.C.P.)
| | - Angus A. Leahy
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.G.K.); (A.A.L.); (J.J.S.); (N.E.); (P.J.M.); (R.C.P.)
| | - Jordan J. Smith
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.G.K.); (A.A.L.); (J.J.S.); (N.E.); (P.J.M.); (R.C.P.)
| | - Narelle Eather
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.G.K.); (A.A.L.); (J.J.S.); (N.E.); (P.J.M.); (R.C.P.)
| | - Charles H. Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.G.K.); (A.A.L.); (J.J.S.); (N.E.); (P.J.M.); (R.C.P.)
| | - Ronald C. Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.G.K.); (A.A.L.); (J.J.S.); (N.E.); (P.J.M.); (R.C.P.)
| | - James Boyer
- New South Wales Department of Education, School Sport Unit, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
| | - David R. Lubans
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (S.G.K.); (A.A.L.); (J.J.S.); (N.E.); (P.J.M.); (R.C.P.)
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42
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Jonsson L, Fröberg A, Korp P, Larsson C, Berg C, Lindgren EC. Possibilities and challenges in developing and implementing an empowerment-based school-intervention in a Swedish disadvantaged community. Health Promot Int 2020; 35:232-243. [PMID: 30848788 PMCID: PMC7250500 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we describe and critically reflect on the possibilities and challenges of developing and implementing an empowerment-based school intervention regarding healthy food and physical activity (PA), involving participants from a Swedish multicultural area characterized by low socioeconomic status. The 2-year intervention was continually developed and implemented, as a result of cooperation and shared decision making among researchers and the participants. All 54 participants were seventh graders, and the intervention comprised health coaching, health promotion sessions and a Facebook group. We experienced that participants valued collaborating with peers, and that they took responsibility in codeveloping and implementing the intervention. Participants expressed feeling listened to, being treated with respect and taken seriously. However, we also experienced a number of barriers that challenged our initial intentions of aiding participation and ambition to support empowerment. Moreover, it was challenging to use structured group health coaching and to work with goal-setting in groups of participants with shared, and sometimes competing, goals, wishes and needs related to food and PA. Successful experiences from this intervention was the importance of acquiring a broad and deep understanding of the context and participants, being open to negotiating, as well as adjusting the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jonsson
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Fröberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Korp
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Larsson
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Berg
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E-C Lindgren
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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43
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Flodgren GM, Helleve A, Lobstein T, Rutter H, Klepp KI. Primary prevention of overweight and obesity in adolescents: An overview of systematic reviews. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13102. [PMID: 32677208 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this overview of systematic reviews was to summarize evidence from up-to-date reviews of the effectiveness of interventions aimed at preventing overweight and obesity in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. We searched nine databases for systematic reviews published between January 2008 and November 2019. We used A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 to assess the quality of reviews, excluding those of critically low quality, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) tool to grade the certainty of included evidence. We included 13 reviews. Three reviews focused on dietary behaviour, six on physical activity, and four on both types of behaviours. Individual-oriented and school-based interventions dominated. Results across reviews showed little or no effect on body mass index, or physical activity levels of adolescents, whereas results from a couple of reviews suggest possibly beneficial effects of public health interventions on dietary behaviours (i.e., consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages). The certainty of evidence was low to very low for all outcomes. Overall, the evidence base for the effect of primary interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in adolescents is weak. In particular, there is a lack of reviews assessing the impact of environmental interventions targeting adolescents, and reviews addressing social inequality are virtually absent from this body of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd M Flodgren
- Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arnfinn Helleve
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tim Lobstein
- World Obesity Federation, London, UK.,Boden Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Knut-Inge Klepp
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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44
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Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Participation in Physical Activity as Adolescents Transition to Secondary School: A Qualitative Inquiry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207646. [PMID: 33092157 PMCID: PMC7588993 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The transition from elementary to secondary school is an emotionally and socially complex time when adverse behaviors appear, such as decreased levels of physical activity (PA). Behavioral and environmental factors that influence PA during this time are poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify factors that influence PA as adolescents transition to secondary school. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a sample of 27 ethnically diverse child–parent dyads within the public-school system in British Columbia, Canada (50% boys, 68% mothers, 25% White). The interviews probed for environmental and behavioral factors in school, family, and social contexts that potentially initiated changes in PA, specifically related to the adolescents’ transitions. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analyses identified factors at the individual, social, familial, and school levels that may trigger adolescents to change their participation in PA as they transition from elementary to secondary school. Twenty-two factors emerged from the qualitative analysis including school factors (8), household factors (3), social factors (4), and intrapersonal factors (7). These findings contribute to a better understanding of adolescents’ PA behaviors and highlight the influence of changing environments as they transition from elementary school to secondary school.
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45
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Fröberg A, Lindroos A, Ekblom Ö, Nyberg G. Organised physical activity during leisure time is associated with more objectively measured physical activity among Swedish adolescents. Acta Paediatr 2020; 109:1815-1824. [PMID: 31977109 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate associations between participation in organised physical activity (PA), such as sport and exercise during leisure time, and objectively measured PA and sedentary time in a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents. METHODS This study was part of the school-based cross-sectional Swedish national dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-17. Data from 3477 adolescents aged 11-12, 14-15 and 17-18 years were used in the analyses. Participation in organised PA and parental education were reported in questionnaires. PA and sedentary time were objectively measured through accelerometry during seven consecutive days. RESULTS Adolescents who participated in organised PA had significantly higher total PA (14%, P < .001), more time spent on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (8 minutes, P < .001) and had less sedentary time (15 minutes, P < .001). Those who participated in organised PA were more likely to reach recommended PA levels. Total PA and MVPA did not differ by parental education among those who participated in organised PA. CONCLUSION Adolescents who participated in organised PA were more physically active, less sedentary and more likely to reach PA recommendations than those who did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fröberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna‐Karin Lindroos
- Swedish Food Agency Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences Stockholm Sweden
| | - Gisela Nyberg
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Public Health Sciences Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
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46
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Sutherland R, Campbell E, McLaughlin M, Nathan N, Wolfenden L, Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Gillham K, Oldmeadow C, Searles A, Reeves P, Williams M, Kajons N, Bailey A, Boyer J, Lecathelinais C, Davies L, McKenzie T, Hollis J, Wiggers J. Scale-up of the Physical Activity 4 Everyone (PA4E1) intervention in secondary schools: 12-month implementation outcomes from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:100. [PMID: 32771011 PMCID: PMC7414665 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01000-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Physical Activity 4 Everyone' (PA4E1) was an efficacious multi-component school-based physical activity (PA) program targeting adolescents. PA4E1 has seven PA practices. It is essential to scale-up, evaluate effectiveness and assess implementation of such programs. Therefore, the aim is to assess the impact of implementation support on school practice uptake of the PA4E1 program at 12 and 24 months. METHODS A cluster randomised controlled trial, utilising a type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness design, was conducted in 49 randomly selected disadvantaged Australian Government and Catholic secondary schools. A blinded statistician randomly allocated schools to a usual practice control (n = 25) or the PA4E1 program group (n = 24), with the latter receiving seven implementation support strategies to support school PA practice uptake of the seven practices retained from the efficacy trial. The primary outcome was the proportion of schools adopting at least four of the seven practices, assessed via telephone surveys with Head Physical Education Teachers and analysed using exact logistic regression modelling. This paper reports the 12-month outcomes. RESULTS Schools were recruited from May to November 2017. At baseline, no schools implemented four of the seven practices. At 12 months significantly more schools in the program group had implemented four of the seven practices (16/24, 66.7%) than the control group (1/25, 4%) (OR = 33.0[4.15-1556.4], p < 0.001). The program group implemented on average 3.2 (2.5-3.9) more practices than the control group (p < 0.001, mean 3.9 (SD 1.5) vs 0.7 (1.0)). Fidelity and reach of the implementation support intervention were high (both > 80%). CONCLUSIONS Through the application of multiple implementation support strategies, secondary schools were able to overcome commonly known barriers to implement evidence based school PA practices. As such practices have been shown to result in an increase in adolescent PA and improvements in weight status, policy makers and practitioners responsible for advocating PA in schools should consider this implementation approach more broadly when working with schools. Follow-up is required to determine whether practice implementation is sustained. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000681358 registered 12th May 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sutherland
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Campbell
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Matthew McLaughlin
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia. .,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia.
| | - Nicole Nathan
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen Gillham
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Chris Oldmeadow
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Andrew Searles
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Penny Reeves
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Mandy Williams
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Locked Mail Bag 7279, Liverpool BC, NSW, 1871, Australia
| | - Nicole Kajons
- Central Coast Local Health District, 4-6 Watt Street, Gosford, NSW, 2250, Australia
| | - Andrew Bailey
- Mid North Coast Local Health District, P.O. Box 126, Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia
| | - James Boyer
- New South Wales Department of Education, School Sports Unit, Level 3, 1 Oxford Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Christophe Lecathelinais
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Lynda Davies
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Tom McKenzie
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - Jenna Hollis
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
| | - John Wiggers
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2300, Australia
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47
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Champion KE, Gardner LA, McGowan C, Chapman C, Thornton L, Parmenter B, McBride N, Lubans DR, McCann K, Spring B, Teesson M, Newton NC. A Web-Based Intervention to Prevent Multiple Chronic Disease Risk Factors Among Adolescents: Co-Design and User Testing of the Health4Life School-Based Program. JMIR Form Res 2020; 4:e19485. [PMID: 32720898 PMCID: PMC7420628 DOI: 10.2196/19485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Addressing key lifestyle risk factors during adolescence is critical for improving physical and mental health outcomes and reducing chronic disease risk. Schools are ideal intervention settings, and electronic health (eHealth) interventions afford several advantages, including increased student engagement, scalability, and sustainability. Although lifestyle risk behaviors tend to co-occur, few school-based eHealth interventions have targeted multiple behaviors concurrently. OBJECTIVE This study aims to summarize the co-design and user testing of the Health4Life school-based program, a web-based cartoon intervention developed to concurrently prevent 6 key lifestyle risk factors for chronic disease among secondary school students: alcohol use, smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, sedentary recreational screen time, and poor sleep (the Big 6). METHODS The development of the Health4Life program was conducted over 18 months in collaboration with students, teachers, and researchers with expertise relevant to the Big 6. The iterative process involved (1) scoping of evidence and systematic literature review; (2) consultation with adolescents (N=815) via a cross-sectional web-based survey to identify knowledge gaps, attitudes, barriers, and facilitators in relation to the Big 6; (3) content and web development; and (4) user testing of the web-based program with students (n=41) and teachers (n=8) to evaluate its acceptability, relevance, and appeal to the target audience. RESULTS The co-design process resulted in a six-module, evidence-informed program that uses interactive cartoon storylines and web-based delivery to engage students. Student and teacher feedback collected during user testing was positive in terms of acceptability and relevance. Commonly identified areas for improvement concerned the length of modules, age appropriateness of language and alcohol storyline, the need for character backstories and links to syllabus information, and feasibility of implementation. Modifications were made to address these issues. CONCLUSIONS The Health4Life school-based program is the first universal, web-based program to concurrently address 6 important chronic disease risk factors among secondary school students. By adopting a multiple health behavior change approach, it has the potential to efficiently modify the Big 6 risk factors within one program and to equip young people with the skills and knowledge needed to achieve and maintain good physical and mental health throughout adolescence and into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Elizabeth Champion
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lauren Anne Gardner
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cyanna McGowan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Louise Thornton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Belinda Parmenter
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nyanda McBride
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Karrah McCann
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bonnie Spring
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola Clare Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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48
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Sun Y, Yin X, Li Y, Bi C, Li M, Yang X, Zhang T, Zhang F, Cao J, Guo Y, Yang T, Song G. Isotemporal substitution of sedentary behavior for physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21367. [PMID: 32791744 PMCID: PMC7386960 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Both sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and independent of each other. Due to the limited time during school for children and adolescents, it is necessary to explore the isotemporal substitution of SB for PA on CRF.A total 536 eligible participants selected from the 7 traditional administrative regions of China were included in this study. The outcome was CRF, determined using a 20-meter shuttle run test, and exposures were SB, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured with accelerometers. We analyzed the cross-sectional associations of substituting SB with LPA, MVPA, and combinations of LPA and MVPA with CRF, using an isotemporal substitution model.Reallocating SB into MVPA was associated with higher CRF for male (P < .01) and female (P < .01) children and female adolescents (P < .05). In the mixed redistribution, the ratio of LPA to MVPA for male children and female adolescents started from 16:4 and 14:6, respectively, tended toward improvements in CRF. For female children, regardless of the ratio of LPA to MVPA, it was always associated with higher CRF.Reallocating SB into MVPA isotemporally was positively associated with CRF for male and female children and female adolescents but not for male adolescents. MVPA is the key factor to improve CRF when combinations of LPA and MVPA replace SB. The combined approach can provide basis for the selection of target and monitoring variables in intervention studies, and has more flexible choices for improving CRF that are more consistent with the daily PA habits of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
- Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Cunjian Bi
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Ming Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Junfang Cao
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Yaru Guo
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Ting Yang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
| | - Ge Song
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University
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49
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Barnett L. Critically appraised paper: Supporting physical education teachers through a web-based education intervention increases physical activity during physical education classes in students from low socioeconomic communities [commentary]. J Physiother 2020; 66:196. [PMID: 32660916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Barnett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Australia
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50
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Corder K, Sharp SJ, Jong ST, Foubister C, Brown HE, Wells EK, Armitage SM, Croxson CHD, Vignoles A, Wilkinson PO, Wilson ECF, van Sluijs EMF. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the GoActive intervention to increase physical activity among UK adolescents: A cluster randomised controlled trial. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003210. [PMID: 32701954 PMCID: PMC7377379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Less than 20% of adolescents globally meet recommended levels of physical activity, and not meeting these recommended levels is associated with social disadvantage and rising disease risk. The determinants of physical activity in adolescents are multilevel and poorly understood, but the school's social environment likely plays an important role. We conducted a cluster randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of a school-based programme (GoActive) to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among adolescents. METHODS AND FINDINGS Non-fee-paying, co-educational schools including Year 9 students in the UK counties of Cambridgeshire and Essex were eligible for inclusion. Within participating schools (n = 16), all Year 9 students were eligible and invited to participate. Participants were 2,862 13- to 14-year-olds (84% of eligible students). After baseline assessment, schools were computer-randomised, stratified by school-level pupil premium funding (below/above county-specific median) and county (control: 8 schools, 1,319 participants, mean [SD] participants per school n = 165 [62]; intervention: 8 schools, 1,543 participants, n = 193 [43]). Measurement staff were blinded to allocation. The iteratively developed, feasibility-tested 12-week intervention, aligned with self-determination theory, trained older adolescent mentors and in-class peer-leaders to encourage classes to conduct 2 new weekly activities. Students and classes gained points and rewards for engaging in any activity in or out of school. The primary outcome was average daily minutes of accelerometer-assessed MVPA at 10-month follow-up; a mixed-methods process evaluation evaluated implementation. Of 2,862 recruited participants (52.1% male), 2,167 (76%) attended 10-month follow-up measurements; we analysed the primary outcome for 1,874 participants (65.5%). At 10 months, there was a mean (SD) decrease in MVPA of 8.3 (19.3) minutes in the control group and 10.4 (22.7) minutes in the intervention group (baseline-adjusted difference [95% confidence interval] -1.91 minutes [-5.53 to 1.70], p = 0.316). The programme cost £13 per student compared with control; it was not cost-effective. Overall, 62.9% of students and 87.3% of mentors reported that GoActive was fun. Teachers and mentors commented that their roles in programme delivery were unclear. Implementation fidelity was low. The main methodological limitation of this study was the relatively affluent and ethnically homogeneous sample. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we observed that a rigorously developed school-based intervention was no more effective than standard school practice at preventing declines in adolescent physical activity. Interdisciplinary research is required to understand educational-setting-specific implementation challenges. School leaders and authorities should be realistic about expectations of the effect of school-based physical activity promotion strategies implemented at scale. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN31583496.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Corder
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Sharp
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie T. Jong
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Campbell Foubister
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Elizabeth Brown
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma K. Wells
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sofie M. Armitage
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline H. D. Croxson
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Vignoles
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul O. Wilkinson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edward C. F. Wilson
- Health Economics Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Esther M. F. van Sluijs
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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