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Zhang Y, Zhu L, Zhao M, Jia Y, Li K, Li C. The effects of inulin on solubilizing and improving anti-obesity activity of high polymerization persimmon tannin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132232. [PMID: 38734349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
High polymerization persimmon tannin has been reported to have lipid-lowering effects. Unfortunately, the poor solubility restricts its application. This research aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of inulin on solubilizing of persimmon tannin. Furthermore, we examined whether the addition of inulin would affect the attenuated obesity effect of persimmon tannin. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results demonstrated that inulin formed a gel-like network structure, which enabled the encapsulation of persimmon tannin through hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions, thereby inhibiting the self-aggregation of persimmon tannin. The turbidity of the persimmon tannin solution decreased by 56.2 %, while the polyphenol content in the supernatant increased by 60.0 %. Furthermore, biochemical analysis and 16s rRNA gene sequencing technology demonstrated that persimmon tannin had a significant anti-obesity effect and improved intestinal health in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, inulin was found to have a positive effect on enhancing the health benefits of persimmon tannin, including improving hepatic steatosis and gut microbiota dysbiosis. it enhanced the abundance of beneficial core microbes while decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria. Our findings expand the applications of persimmon tannin in the food and medical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Environment Correlative Food Science (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
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2
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Mo Z, Zhan M, Yang X, Xie P, Xiao J, Cao Y, Xiao H, Song M. Fermented dietary fiber from soy sauce residue exerts antidiabetic effects through regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and gut microbiota-SCFAs-GPRs axis in type 2 diabetic mellitus mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132251. [PMID: 38729488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut plays a crucial role in the development and progression of metabolic disorders, particularly in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While a high intake of dietary fiber is inversely associated with the risk of T2DM, the specific effects of various dietary fibers on T2DM are not fully understood. This study investigated the anti-diabetic properties of fermented dietary fiber (FDF) derived from soy sauce residue in T2DM mice, demonstrating its ability to lower blood glucose levels and ameliorate insulin resistance. Our findings revealed that FDF could enhance hepatic glucose metabolism via the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Additionally, the anti-diabetic effect of FDF was correlated with alterations in gut microbiota composition in T2DM mice, promoting a healthier gut environment. Specifically, FDF increased the abundance of beneficial flora such as Dubosiella, Butyricimonas, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lactobacillus and Osillibacter, while reducing harmful bacteria including Bilophila, Parabacteroides and Enterorhabdus. Further analysis of microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs), provided evidence of FDF's regulatory effects on cecal contents in T2DM mice. Importantly, FDF treatment significantly restored the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) expression in the colon of T2DM mice. In conclusion, our study suggests that the anti-diabetic effects of FDF are associated with the regulation of both the liver-gut axis and the gut microbiota-SCFAs-GPRs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheqi Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Minmin Zhan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Peichun Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Mingyue Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Ghavami A, Talebi S, Barghchi H, Nattagh-Eshtivani E, Mohammadi H, Ziaei R. No benefit of soluble fiber on liver function. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:394-404. [PMID: 38044659 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: To conduct a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of current findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of soluble fiber supplementation on liver function in both healthy individuals and people with specific health conditions, PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science were systematically searched for relevant RCTs published prior to April 2022. Methods: We estimated the change in liver function parameters for each 5 g/d increment in soluble fiber in each trial and then calculated the mean difference (MD) and 95%CI. A total of 25 RCTs with 27 treatment arms (1744 subjects; 884 cases, 860 controls) were included. Results: A total of 25 RCTs with 27 treatment arms were included. The intervention duration of the included studies ranged from 3 to 52 weeks and the dose of soluble fiber supplementation varied from 0.0025 to 40 g/d. Soluble fiber supplementation could not significantly affect serum alanine transaminase (MD: -0.02 U/L, 95% CI: -1.06 to 1.01), aspartate transaminase (MD: -0.34 U/L, 95% CI: -0.84 to 0.15), alkaline phosphatase (MD: 0.29 U/L, -0.14 to 0.71), gamma-glutamyl transferase (MD: 0.12 U/L; 95% CI: -0.81 to 1.05), serum bilirubin (MD: 0.42μmol/L, 95% CI: -0.08 to 0.93) and albumin (MD: 0.64 g/dl, 95% CI: -0.42 to 1.70) levels. Conclusions: Findings from this study did not support the beneficial effects of soluble fiber supplementation on liver function biomarkers. There is a need for long-term high-quality interventions to examine the effects of different types and doses of soluble fibers on liver function as primary outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abed Ghavami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hanieh Barghchi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani
- Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Rahele Ziaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Wei Y, Shao J, Pang Y, Wen C, Wei K, Peng L, Wang Y, Wei X. Antidiabetic Potential of Tea and Its Active Compounds: From Molecular Mechanism to Clinical Evidence. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11837-11853. [PMID: 38743877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder that poses a long-term risk to human health accompanied by serious complications. Common antidiabetic drugs are usually accompanied by side effects such as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. There is an urgent need for natural dietary alternatives for diabetic treatment. Tea (Camellia sinensis) consumption has been widely investigated to lower the risk of diabetes and its complications through restoring glucose metabolism homeostasis, safeguarding pancreatic β-cells, ameliorating insulin resistance, ameliorating oxidative stresses, inhibiting inflammatory response, and regulating intestinal microbiota. It is indispensable to develop effective strategies to improve the absorption of tea active compounds and exert combinational effects with other natural compounds to broaden its hypoglycemic potential. The advances in clinical trials and population-based investigations are also discussed. This review primarily delves into the antidiabetic potential and underlying mechanisms of tea active compounds, providing a theoretical basis for the practical application of tea and its active compounds against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Jie Shao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Pang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Caican Wen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Kang Wei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Peng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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Zuo G, Chen M, Zuo Y, Liu F, Yang Y, Li J, Zhou X, Li M, Huang JA, Liu Z, Lin Y. Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin Gallate Protects Against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Associated Endotoxemia in Rats via Modulating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Alleviating Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Related Inflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38607257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by fat accumulation and inflammation. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been proven to be effective against NAFLD, but its hepatoprotective mechanisms based on the "gut microbiota-barrier-liver axis" are still not fully understood. Herein, the results demonstrated that EGCG effectively ameliorated NAFLD phenotypes and metabolic disorders in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and inhibited intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation, which is also supported in the experiment of Caco-2 cells. Moreover, EGCG could restore gut microbiota diversity and composition, particularly promoting beneficial microbes, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producers, such as Lactobacillus, and suppressing Gram-negative bacteria, such as Desulfovibrio. The microbial modulation raised SCFA levels, decreased lipopolysaccharide levels, inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and strengthened intestinal barrier function via Nrf2 pathway activation, thereby alleviating liver steatosis and inflammation. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that 24 key OTUs, negatively or positively associated with NAFLD and metabolic disorders, were also reshaped by EGCG. Our results suggested that a combinative improvement of EGCG on gut microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and inflammation might be a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Meiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yingpeng Zuo
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Fen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yuzhu Yang
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Xirui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Menghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
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Gao J, Liang Y, Liu P. Along the microbiota-gut-brain axis: Use of plant polysaccharides to improve mental disorders. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130903. [PMID: 38508549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
With the development of gut microbiota-specific interventions for mental disorders, the interactions between plant polysaccharides and microbiota in the intestinal and their consequent effects are becoming increasingly important. In this review, we discussed the role of plant polysaccharides in improving various mental disorders via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The chemical and structural characteristics and metabolites of these plant polysaccharides were summarised. Plant polysaccharides and their metabolites have great potential for reshaping gut microbiota profiles through gut microbiota-dependent fermentation. Along the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the consequent pharmacological processes that lead to the elimination of the symptoms of mental disorders include 1) regulation of the central monoamine neurotransmitters, amino acid transmitters and cholinergic signalling system; 2) alleviation of central and peripheral inflammation mainly through the NLRP3/NF-κB-related signalling pathway; 3) inhibition of neuronal apoptosis; and 4) enhancement of antioxidant activities. According to this review, monosaccharide glucose and structure -4-α-Glcp-(1→ are the most potent compositions of the most reported plant polysaccharides. However, the causal structure-activity relationship remains to be extensively explored. Moreover, mechanistic elucidation, safety verification, and additional rigorous human studies are expected to advance plant polysaccharide-based product development targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis for people with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, China.
| | - Ying Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Pu Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, China
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7
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Wu IT, Yeh WJ, Huang WC, Yang HY. Very low-carbohydrate diet with higher protein ratio improves lipid metabolism and inflammation in rats with diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109583. [PMID: 38244701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with obesity, and it is mainly treated through lifestyle modifications. The very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD) can help lose weight rapidly but the possible effects of extreme dietary patterns on lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses in individuals with NAFLD remain debatable. Moreover, VLCD protein content may affect its effectiveness in weight loss, steatosis, and inflammatory responses. Therefore, we investigated the effects of VLCDs with different protein contents in NAFLD rats and the mechanisms underlying these effects. After a 16-week inducing period, the rats received an isocaloric normal diet (NC group) or a VLCD with high or low protein content (NVLH vs. NVLL group, energy ratio:protein/carbohydrate/lipid=20/1/79 vs. 6/1/93) for the next 8 weeks experimental period. We noted that the body weight decreased in both the NVLH and NVLL groups; nevertheless, the NVLH group demonstrated improvements in ketosis. The NVLL group led to hepatic lipid accumulation, possibly by increasing very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) expression and elevating liver oxidative stress, subsequently activating the expression of Nrf2, and inflammation through the TLR4/TRIF/NLRP3 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. The NVLH was noted to prevent the changes in VLDLR and the TLR4-inflammasome pathway partially. The VLCD also reduced the diversity of gut microbiota and changed their composition. In conclusion, although low-protein VLCD consumption reduces BW, it may also lead to metabolic disorders and changes in microbiota composition; nevertheless, a VLCD with high protein content may partially alleviate these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ting Wu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Yeh
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Huang
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Taipei Institute of Pathology, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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8
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Liu Z, Fang T. Association between dietary carbohydrate to fiber ratio and metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in adults: evidence from the NHANES 2017-2020. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:43. [PMID: 38549151 PMCID: PMC10979600 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association of carbohydrate to fiber ratio (CFR) with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in adults. In this study, data from the 2 cycles (2017-2018 and 2019-2020) of the NHANES were used. Univariate and multivariate weighted logistic regression analyses were applied to evaluate the association between CFR and MAFLD. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence levels (CIs) were estimated. Subgroup analysis was further performed in terms of gender, age and comorbidity (diabetes, hypertension). A total of 3180 individuals were included, with 1408 (44.28%) in the non-MAFLD group and 1772 (55.72%) in the MAFLD group. After adjusting different variables, a dietary fiber intake of 11.15-18.40 g was associated with significantly lower odds of MAFLD compared with a fiber intake < 11.15 g (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.93). In contrast to a dietary CFR < 12.58, a CFR > 19.91 was associated with significantly higher odds of MAFLD (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.09-2.27). Compared with females with a dietary CFR < 12.58, those with a CFR > 19.91 had significantly increased odds of MAFLD (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.29-2.73). Among individuals aged < 65 years, a dietary CFR > 19.91 was associated with higher odds of MAFLD than a dietary CFR < 12.58 (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.02-2.25). For participants without diabetes (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.26-2.54) or hypertension (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.02-3.65), a dietary CFR > 19.91 was associated with elevated odds of MAFLD than a CFR < 12.58. In summary, a higher CFR was associated with significantly greater odds of MAFLD, indicating the negative association between carbohydrate quality and MAFLD. The research would be conducive to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Taiyong Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
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9
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Jin Y, Han C, Yang D, Gao S. Association between gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy: a mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1309871. [PMID: 38601939 PMCID: PMC11004376 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1309871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The correlation between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and gut microbiota (GM) has been suggested in numerous animal experiments and cross-sectional studies. However, a causal association between GM and DN has not been ascertained. Methods This research adopted MR analysis to evaluate the causal link between GM and DN derived from data acquired through publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The study utilized the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach to assess causal association between GM and DN. Four additional methods including MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode were employed to ensure comprehensive analysis and robust results. The Cochran's Q test and the MR-Egger method were conducted to identify heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, respectively. The leave-one-out approach was utilized to evaluate the stability of MR results. Finally, a reverse MR was performed to identify the reverse causal association between GM and DN. Results According to IVW analysis, Class Verrucomicrobiae (p = 0.003), Order Verrucomicrobiales (p = 0.003), Family Verrucomicrobiaceae (p = 0.003), Genus Akkermansia (p = 0.003), Genus Catenibacterium (p = 0.031), Genus Coprococcus 1 (p = 0.022), Genus Eubacterium hallii group (p = 0.018), and Genus Marvinbryantia (p = 0.023) were associated with a higher risk of DN. On the contrary, Class Actinobacteria (p = 0.037), Group Eubacterium ventriosum group (p = 0.030), Group Ruminococcus gauvreauii group (p = 0.048), Order Lactobacillales (p = 0.045), Phylum Proteobacteria (p = 0.017) were associated with a lower risk of DN. The sensitivity analysis did not identify any substantial pleiotropy or heterogeneity in the outcomes. We found causal effects of DN on 11 GM species in the reverse MR analysis. Notably, Phylum Proteobacteria and DN are mutually causalities. Conclusion This study identified the causal association between GM and DN with MR analysis, which may enhance the understanding of the intestinal-renal axis and provide novel potential targets for early non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiu Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Tangshan Gongren Hosiptal, Tangshan, China
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenxi Han
- Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | | | - Shanlin Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Tangshan Gongren Hosiptal, Tangshan, China
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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10
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Li X, He M, Yi X, Lu X, Zhu M, Xue M, Tang Y, Zhu Y. Short-chain fatty acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: New prospects for short-chain fatty acids as therapeutic targets. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26991. [PMID: 38486722 PMCID: PMC10937592 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a stress-induced liver injury related to heredity, environmental exposure and the gut microbiome metabolism. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the metabolites of gut microbiota (GM), participate in the regulation of hepatic steatosis and inflammation through the gut-liver axis, which play an important role in the alleviation of NAFLD. However, little progress has been made in systematically elucidating the mechanism of how SCFAs improve NAFLD, especially the epigenetic mechanisms and the potential therapeutic application as clinical treatment for NAFLD. Herein, we adopted PubMed and Medline to search relevant keywords such as 'SCFAs', 'NAFLD', 'gut microbiota', 'Epigenetic', 'diet', and 'prebiotic effect' to review the latest research on SCFAs in NAFLD up to November 2023. In this review, firstly, we specifically discussed the production and function of SCFAs, as well as their crosstalk coordination in the gut liver axis. Secondly, we provided an updated summary and intensive discussion of how SCFAs affect hepatic steatosis to alleviate NAFLD from the perspective of genetic and epigenetic. Thirdly, we paid attention to the pharmacological and physiological characteristics of SCFAs, and proposed a promising future direction to adopt SCFAs alone or in combination with prebiotics and related clinical drugs to prevent and treat NAFLD. Together, this review aimed to elucidate the function of SCFAs and provide new insights to the prospects of SCFAs as a therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Maozhang He
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinrui Yi
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuejin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meizi Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunshu Tang
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Yu Y, Ji X, Song L, Cao Y, Feng J, Zhang R, Tao F, Zhang F, Xue P. Saponins from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. husks alleviated high-fat-diet-induced hyperlipidemia via modulating the gut microbiota and multiple metabolic pathways. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2417-2428. [PMID: 37989713 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidemia is characterized by abnormally elevated blood lipids. Quinoa saponins (QS) have multiple pharmacological activities, including antitumor, bactericidal and immune-enhancing effects. However, the lipid-lowering effect and mechanisms of QS in vivo have been scarcely reported. METHODS The effect of QS against hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diet in rats was explored based on gut microbiota and serum non-targeted metabolomics. RESULTS The study demonstrated that the supplementation of QS could reduce serum lipids, body weight, liver injury and inflammation. 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that QS mildly increased alpha-diversity, altered the overall structure of intestinal flora, decreased the relative richness of Firmicutes, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05) and increased the relative richness of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia and Coprococcus (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, metabolomics analysis showed that QS altered serum functional metabolites with respect to bile acid biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, which were closely related to bile acid metabolism and fatty acid β-oxidation. Furthermore, QS increased protein levels of farnesoid X receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, which were related to the screened metabolic pathways. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between gut microbiota and differential metabolites. CONCLUSION QS could prevent lipid metabolism disorders in hyperlipidemic rats, which may be closely associated with the regulation of the gut microbiota and multiple metabolic pathways. This study may provide new evidence for QS as natural active substances for the prevention of hyperlipidemia. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yu
- Clinical Nutrition Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical, University (Weifang People's Hospital), Weifang, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Ji
- Clinical Nutrition Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical, University (Weifang People's Hospital), Weifang, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linmeng Song
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Cao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Feng
- School of Rehabilitation, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyan Tao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xue
- Clinical Nutrition Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical, University (Weifang People's Hospital), Weifang, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
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Li H, Tan P, Lei W, Yang S, Fan L, Yang T, Guo C, Gao Z. Investigation the nutritional properties of Auricularia auricula pulp fermented with Lactobacillus strains and their effects on gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2502-2517. [PMID: 37985238 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auricularia auricula is rich in bioactive components, and microbial fermentation can further dramatically increase its content and bioavailability. However, there are few studies on the relationship between fermented A. auricula pulp (FAAP) and gut microbiota. In this study, standard strains Lactobacillus plantarum 21801 and 21805 purchased from the China Center of Industrial Culture Collection were used to ferment A. auricula pulp at a ratio of 2:1, with an inoculum of 5%, a fermentation temperature of 31 °C, and a fermentation time of 22 h. The nutritional properties, aroma, and color of FAAP and their effects on the body characteristics of mice and the structure and abundance of gut microbiota are discussed. RESULTS The results showed that, compared with A. auricula pulp, FAAP significantly increased the nutritional properties while maintaining favorable sensory quality and flavor profiles. Among them, the content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids reached 22.04 μg mL-1 and 20.56 μg mL-1 respectively, and the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid free-radical scavenging rate increased to 73.21%. The consumption of FAAP had no negative effects on weight or liver and kidney function in mice and dramatically enhanced the antioxidant capacity in the liver and serum. The production of short-chain fatty acids in the gut was promoted, the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, norank_f__Muribaculaceae and unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae) increased, and the growth of some pathogenic bacteria (Helicobacter, Mucispirillum, and Alloprevotella) was inhibited. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that FAAP is rich in nutrients and has unique functional properties that promote host health and regulate the gut microbiota. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjia Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Taihao Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
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13
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Zeng F, Su X, Liang X, Liao M, Zhong H, Xu J, Gou W, Zhang X, Shen L, Zheng JS, Chen YM. Gut microbiome features and metabolites in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. BMC Med 2024; 22:104. [PMID: 38454425 PMCID: PMC10921631 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific microbiota and associated metabolites linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still controversial. Thus, we aimed to understand how the core gut microbiota and metabolites impact NAFLD. METHODS The data for the discovery cohort were collected from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS) follow-up conducted between 2014 and 2018. We collected 272 metadata points from 1546 individuals. The metadata were input into four interpretable machine learning models to identify important gut microbiota associated with NAFLD. These models were subsequently applied to two validation cohorts [the internal validation cohort (n = 377), and the prospective validation cohort (n = 749)] to assess generalizability. We constructed an individual microbiome risk score (MRS) based on the identified gut microbiota and conducted animal faecal microbiome transplantation experiment using faecal samples from individuals with different levels of MRS to determine the relationship between MRS and NAFLD. Additionally, we conducted targeted metabolomic sequencing of faecal samples to analyse potential metabolites. RESULTS Among the four machine learning models used, the lightGBM algorithm achieved the best performance. A total of 12 taxa-related features of the microbiota were selected by the lightGBM algorithm and further used to calculate the MRS. Increased MRS was positively associated with the presence of NAFLD, with odds ratio (OR) of 1.86 (1.72, 2.02) per 1-unit increase in MRS. An elevated abundance of the faecal microbiota (f__veillonellaceae) was associated with increased NAFLD risk, whereas f__rikenellaceae, f__barnesiellaceae, and s__adolescentis were associated with a decreased presence of NAFLD. Higher levels of specific gut microbiota-derived metabolites of bile acids (taurocholic acid) might be positively associated with both a higher MRS and NAFLD risk. FMT in mice further confirmed a causal association between a higher MRS and the development of NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that an alteration in the composition of the core gut microbiota might be biologically relevant to NAFLD development. Our work demonstrated the role of the microbiota in the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xinxiu Liang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-Omics in Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Minqi Liao
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Haili Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jinjian Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wanglong Gou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-Omics in Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Xiangzhou Zhang
- Big Data Decision Institute, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Luqi Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-Omics in Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-Omics in Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Zuo Q, Park NH, Lee JK, Santaliz-Casiano A, Madak-Erdogan Z. Navigating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Exploring the roles of estrogens, pharmacological and medical interventions, and life style. Steroids 2024; 203:109330. [PMID: 37923152 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of studying this subject is driven by the urgency to address the increasing global prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and its profound health implications. NAFLD represents a significant public health concern due to its association with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular complications, and the potential progression to more severe conditions like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Liver estrogen signaling is important for maintaining liver function, and loss of estrogens increases the likelihood of NAFLD in postmenopausal women. Understanding the multifaceted mechanisms underlying NAFLD pathogenesis, its varied treatment strategies, and their effectiveness is crucial for devising comprehensive and targeted interventions. By unraveling the intricate interplay between genetics, lifestyle, hormonal regulation, and gut microbiota, we can unlock insights into risk stratification, early detection, and personalized therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, investigating the emerging pharmaceutical interventions and dietary modifications offers the potential to revolutionize disease management. This review reinforces the role of collaboration in refining NAFLD comprehension, unveiling novel therapeutic pathways, and ultimately improving patient outcomes for this intricate hepatic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Nicole Hwajin Park
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Jenna Kathryn Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ashlie Santaliz-Casiano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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15
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Ahmadi Badi S, Bereimipour A, Rohani P, Khatami S, Siadat SD. Interplay between gut microbiota and the master iron regulator, hepcidin, in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Pathog Dis 2024; 82:ftae005. [PMID: 38555503 PMCID: PMC10990161 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a proven role for hepcidin and the composition of gut microbiota and its derivatives in the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis. AREA COVERED This review focuses on the literature search regarding the effect of hepcidin and gut microbiota on regulating liver physiology. We presented the regulating mechanisms of hepcidin expression and discussed the possible interaction between gut microbiota and hepcidin regulation. Furthermore, we investigated the importance of the hepcidin gene in biological processes and bacterial interactions using bioinformatics analysis. EXPERT OPINION One of the main features of liver fibrosis is iron accumulation in hepatic cells, including hepatocytes. This accumulation can induce an oxidative stress response, inflammation, and activation of hepatic stellate cells. Hepcidin is a crucial regulator of iron by targeting ferroportin expressed on hepatocytes, macrophages, and enterocytes. Various stimuli, such as iron load and inflammatory signals, control hepcidin regulation. Furthermore, a bidirectional relationship exists between iron and the composition and metabolic activity of gut microbiota. We explored the potential of gut microbiota to influence hepcidin expression and potentially manage liver fibrosis, as the regulation of iron metabolism plays a crucial role in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1963737611, Iran
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Ahmad Bereimipour
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Shohreh Khatami
- Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1963737611, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1963737611, Iran
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran,1963737611, Iran
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16
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Zhang J, Shi M, Zhao C, Liang G, Li C, Ge X, Pei C, Kong Y, Li D, Yang W, Cao B, Fu L, Yan Y, Wu J, Zhou J, Fang Y, Meng X, Li Y, Wang L. Role of intestinal flora in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0100623. [PMID: 38189294 PMCID: PMC10846053 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01006-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In China, 45% of adolescents with obesity develop fatty liver disease, a condition that increases the long-term risk of developing cirrhosis and liver cancer. Although the factors triggering nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) vary in children, the composition of intestinal microflora has been found to play an increasingly important role. However, evidence is limited on the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in Chinese children. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the fecal microbiome of Chinese children with NAFLD and further analyze the potential of flora in regulating NAFLD-related symptoms and metabolic functions. Specifically, the study applied a 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing to the fecal samples of pediatric patients with NAFLD, NASH, and NAFL, as well as healthy controls, to explore the correlation among NAFLD-related indexes, metabolic pathways, and gut flora. The findings showed that some fecal microbiota had a negative correlation with body mass index, and various NAFLD-related bacteria, including Lachnoclostridium, Escherichia-Shigella, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, were detected. Consequently, the study concluded that the variation in gut microbiota might be more important in improving NAFLD/NASH compared with single species, providing a microbiota diagnostic profile of NAFLD/NASH.IMPORTANCEThis study aims to characterize the gut microbiota in Chinese children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing. The results highlight the association between fecal microbiota and NAFLD in Chinese children, demonstrating distinct characteristics compared to adults and children from other countries. Based on the sequencing data from our cohort's fecal samples, we propose a microbiota model with a high area under the curve for distinguishing between NAFLD and healthy individuals. Furthermore, our follow-up study reveals that changes in the relative abundance of microbial biomarkers in this model are consistent with variations in patients' body mass index. These findings suggest the potential utility of the microbiota model and microbial biomarkers for diagnosing and treating NAFLD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxuan Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunna Zhao
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangcai Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Microvita Medical Technology Co., Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Microvita Medical Technology Co., Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ge
- Microbial Resources and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Kong
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdan Li
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Yang
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyan Cao
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Libing Fu
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinkun Yan
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wu
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Fang
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Meng
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Eberhart T, Stanley FU, Ricci L, Chirico T, Ferrarese R, Sisti S, Scagliola A, Baj A, Badurek S, Sommer A, Culp-Hill R, Dzieciatkowska M, Shokry E, Sumpton D, D'Alessandro A, Clementi N, Mancini N, Cardaci S. ACOD1 deficiency offers protection in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity by maintaining a healthy gut microbiota. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:105. [PMID: 38302438 PMCID: PMC10834593 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) is the enzyme synthesizing itaconate, an immuno-regulatory metabolite tuning host-pathogen interactions. Such functions are achieved by affecting metabolic pathways regulating inflammation and microbe survival. However, at the whole-body level, metabolic roles of itaconate remain largely unresolved. By using multiomics-integrated approaches, here we show that ACOD1 responds to high-fat diet consumption in mice by promoting gut microbiota alterations supporting metabolic disease. Genetic disruption of itaconate biosynthesis protects mice against obesity, alterations in glucose homeostasis and liver metabolic dysfunctions by decreasing meta-inflammatory responses to dietary lipid overload. Mechanistically, fecal metagenomics and microbiota transplantation experiments demonstrate such effects are dependent on an amelioration of the intestinal ecosystem composition, skewed by high-fat diet feeding towards obesogenic phenotype. In particular, unbiased fecal microbiota profiling and axenic culture experiments point towards a primary role for itaconate in inhibiting growth of Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides, family and genus of Bacteroidetes phylum, the major gut microbial taxon associated with metabolic health. Specularly to the effects imposed by Acod1 deficiency on fecal microbiota, oral itaconate consumption enhances diet-induced gut dysbiosis and associated obesogenic responses in mice. Unveiling an unrecognized role of itaconate, either endogenously produced or exogenously administered, in supporting microbiota alterations underlying diet-induced obesity in mice, our study points ACOD1 as a target against inflammatory consequences of overnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Eberhart
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Uchenna Stanley
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Ricci
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Chirico
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrarese
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
- Synlab Italia, Castenedolo, BS, Italy
| | - Sofia Sisti
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scagliola
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, INGM, "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Sylvia Badurek
- Preclinical Phenotyping Facility, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (VBCF), member of the Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Sommer
- Next Generation Sequencing Facility, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities (VBCF), member of the Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Rachel Culp-Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | | | | | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Nicola Clementi
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, 20100, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, 20100, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione Macchi University Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Simone Cardaci
- Cancer Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Yao S, Li W, Cai C, Wang C, Kang J, Hu H, Wu P, Cao X, Ye Y. Comparative Study on the Effects of Four Plant Protein Sources on the Liver and Intestinal Health of Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2024; 2024:6337005. [PMID: 38298207 PMCID: PMC10830314 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6337005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The effects of plant protein sources (PPSs) on the health of the liver and intestine of the largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, were compared to verify the potential damaging effects of dietary fiber (DF). A diet containing 55% fish meal (FM) was used as the control. The test diets contained 25% soybean meal (SBM), rapeseed meal (RSM), cottonseed meal, or peanut meal, and the FM content was decreased to 30%. The protein and lipid contents of these five diets were balanced by casein and oil. Fish were raised for 8 weeks. The fish fed the diet containing PPS showed a trend of decreasing growth and apparent digestibility coefficients. The contents of total bile acid, lipid, and collagen in the liver were increased, and the mRNA expression levels of genes encoding inflammatory factors and enzymes involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis and bile acid synthesis were upregulated. Both the lipid and collagen contents in the liver were positively correlated with the DF content in the diet significantly. Morphology and histology showed reduced liver size, hepatic steatosis, and fibrosis in fish fed diets containing PPS. The lowest hepatosomatic index was observed in fish fed the SBM diet, and the most severe damage was observed in fish fed the RSM diet. No obvious histological abnormalities were observed in the hindgut. The bile acid profile in the liver could be used to distinguish the types of PPS very well by Fisher discriminant analysis. These results indicated that 25% of each of the four PPSs in the diet exceeded the tolerance range of largemouth bass and caused liver damage, which might be mediated by bile acid. DF in PPS might be an important agent contributing to liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunfang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chengrui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jia Kang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Honglin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiamin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuantu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition of Jiangsu, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Wang C, Sun D, Deng Q, Sun L, Hu L, Fang Z, Zhao J, Gooneratne R. Elephantopus scaber L. Polysaccharides Alleviate Heat Stress-Induced Systemic Inflammation in Mice via Modulation of Characteristic Gut Microbiota and Metabolites. Nutrients 2024; 16:262. [PMID: 38257155 PMCID: PMC10819175 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Elephantopus scaber L. (ESL) is a Chinese herb that is used both as a food and medicine, often being added to soups in summer in south China to relieve heat stress (HS), but its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In this study, heat-stressed mice were gavaged with ESL polysaccharides (ESLP) at 0, 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg/d-1 (n = 5) for seven days. The gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), seven neurotransmitters in faeces, expression of intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin), and serum inflammatory cytokines were measured. The low dose of ESLP (ESLL) improved the adverse physiological conditions; significantly reduced the cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels (p < 0.05); upregulated the expression of Claudin-1; restored the gut microbiota composition including Achromobacter and Oscillospira, which were at similar levels to those in the normal control group; significantly increased beneficial SCFAs like butyric acid and 5-HT levels in the faeces of heat-stressed mice; and significantly decreased the valeric acid and glutamic acid level. The level of inflammatory markers significantly correlated with the above-mentioned indicators (p < 0.05). Thus, ESLL reduced the HS-induced systemic inflammation by optimizing gut microbiota (Achromobacter, Oscillospira) abundance, increasing gut beneficial SCFAs like butyric acid and 5-HT levels, and reducing gut valeric and glutamic acid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (C.W.); (D.S.); (L.S.); (L.H.); (Z.F.)
| | - Dongfang Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (C.W.); (D.S.); (L.S.); (L.H.); (Z.F.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (C.W.); (D.S.); (L.S.); (L.H.); (Z.F.)
| | - Lijun Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (C.W.); (D.S.); (L.S.); (L.H.); (Z.F.)
| | - Lianhua Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (C.W.); (D.S.); (L.S.); (L.H.); (Z.F.)
| | - Zhijia Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (C.W.); (D.S.); (L.S.); (L.H.); (Z.F.)
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, P.O. Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand;
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20
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Tao Z, Wang Y. The health benefits of dietary short-chain fatty acids in metabolic diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38189336 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2297811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are a subset of fatty acids that play crucial roles in maintaining normal physiology and developing metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease. Even though dairy products and vegetable oils are the direct dietary sources of SCFAs, their quantities are highly restricted. SCFAs are produced indirectly through microbial fermentation of fibers. The biological roles of SCFAs in human health and metabolic diseases are mainly due to their receptors, GPR41 and GPR43, FFAR2 and FFAR3. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that SCFAs modulate DNMTs and HDAC activities, inhibit NF-κB-STAT signaling, and regulate G(i/o)βγ-PLC-PKC-PTEN signaling and PPARγ-UCP2-AMPK autophagic signaling, thus mitigating metabolic diseases. Recent studies have uncovered that SCFAs play crucial roles in epigenetic modifications of DNAs, RNAs, and post-translational modifications of proteins, which are critical regulators of metabolic health and diseases. At the same time, dietary recommendations for the purpose of SCFAs have been proposed. The objective of the review is to summarize the most recent research on the role of dietary SCFAs in metabolic diseases, especially the signal transduction of SCFAs in metabolic diseases and their functional efficacy in different backgrounds and models of metabolic diseases, at the same time, to provide dietary and nutritional recommendations for using SCFAs as food ingredients to prevent metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Tao
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Yao Wang
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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21
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Ramaiah P, Jamel Baljon K, Alsulami SA, Lindsay GM, Chinnasamy L. Diet quality indices and odds of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a case-control study. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1251861. [PMID: 38260062 PMCID: PMC10800572 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1251861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives There are only limited studies investigating the impact of dietary quality indicators, such as dietary quality index (DQI), dietary diversity score (DDS), and alternative healthy eating index (AHEI), on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD). Furthermore, these indicators may have different components that could lead to varying results. Therefore, this study aims to assess the nutritional quality indicators and their potential association with MASLD. Methods The study included 128 recently diagnosed MASLD patients and 256 controls aged between 20 and 60 years. The dietary intake of participants was evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire that consisted of 168 items. In this study, the method used to evaluate dietary diversity was based on five main food groups, specifically bread and grains, vegetables, fruits, meat, and dairy. The AHEI-2010 was computed using data collected from the FFQ. Results After adjusting for confounders in the fully adjusted model, a significant negative correlation was observed between DDS and the risk of MASLD (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20, 0.97). Participants in the top quartile of AHEI had a 76% lower risk of MASLD compared with those in the bottom quartile after controlling for all potential confounders in the fully adjusted model (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.12, 0.56). Conclusion The results of our study suggest that there is a significant association between adherence to a high-diversity diet and a reduced likelihood of developing MASLD. Similarly, we observed a similar association between adherence to the AHEI diet and a lower risk of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sana A. Alsulami
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Grace M. Lindsay
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Jiang Y, Zhao L, Ma J, Yang Y, Zhang B, Xu J, Dhondrup R, Wong TW, Zhang D. Preventive mechanisms of Chinese Tibetan medicine Triphala against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155229. [PMID: 38006804 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triphala (TLP), as a Chinese Tibetan medicine composing of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula and Terminalia bellirica (1.2:1.5:1), exhibited hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic and gut microbiota modulatory effects. Nonetheless, its roles in prevention of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the related mechanistic insights involving the interplay of gut microbiota and hepatic inflammation are not known. PURPOSE The present study seeks to determine if TLP would prevent HFD-induced NAFLD in vivo and its underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of gut microbiota, metabolites, and hepatic inflammation. METHODS TLP was subjected to extraction and chemo-profiling, and in vivo evaluation in HFD-fed rats on hepatic lipid and inflammation, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and permeability, and body weight and fat content profiles. RESULTS The TLP was primarily constituted of gallic acid, corilagin and chebulagic acid. Orally administered HFD-fed rats with TLP were characterized by the growth of Ligilactobacillus and Akkermansia, and SCFAs (acetic/propionic/butyric acid) secretion which led to increased claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 expression that reduced the mucosal permeability to migration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into blood and liver. Coupling with hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride lowering actions, the TLP mitigated both inflammatory (ALT, AST, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and pro-inflammatory (TLR4, MYD88 and NF-κB P65) activities of liver, and sequel to histopathological development of NAFLD in a dose-dependent fashion. CONCLUSION TLP is promisingly an effective therapy to prevent NAFLD through modulating gut microbiota, mucosal permeability and SCFAs secretion with liver fat and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yongjing Yang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Benyin Zhang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | | | - Tin Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Dejun Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory of High-Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, China; College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China.
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23
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Jin S, Chen P, Yang J, Li D, Liu X, Zhang Y, Xia Q, Li Y, Chen G, Li Y, Tong Y, Yu W, Fan X, Lin H. Phocaeicola vulgatus alleviates diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease progression by downregulating histone acetylation level via 3-HPAA. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2309683. [PMID: 38312099 PMCID: PMC10854360 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2309683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent metabolic disorder with limited effective interventions available. A novel approach to address this issue is through gut microbiota-based therapy. In our study, we utilized multi-omics analysis to identify Phocaeicola vulgatus (P. vulgatus) as a potential probiotic for the treatment of MASLD. Our findings from murine models clearly illustrate that the supplementation of P. vulgatus mitigates the development of MASLD. This beneficial effect is partly attributed to the metabolite 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA) produced by P. vulgatus, which reduces the acetylation levels of H3K27 and downregulates the transcription of Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE), a rate-limiting enzyme in steroid biosynthesis that promotes lipid accumulation in liver cells. This study underscores the significant role of P. vulgatus in the development of MASLD and the critical importance of its metabolite 3-HPAA in regulating lipid homeostasis. These findings offer a promising avenue for early intervention therapy in the context of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxi Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duguang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Liu P, Chen Q, Zhang L, Ren C, Shi B, Zhang J, Wang S, Chen Z, Wang Q, Xie H, Huang Q, Tang H. Rapid quantification of 50 fatty acids in small amounts of biological samples for population molecular phenotyping. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2023; 9:299-308. [PMID: 38524698 PMCID: PMC10960574 DOI: 10.52601/bpr.2023.230042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient quantification of fatty-acid (FA) composition (fatty-acidome) in biological samples is crucial for understanding physiology and pathophysiology in large population cohorts. Here, we report a rapid GC-FID/MS method for simultaneous quantification of all FAs in numerous biological matrices. Within eight minutes, this method enabled simultaneous quantification of 50 FAs as fatty-acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in femtomole levels following the efficient transformation of FAs in all lipids including FFAs, cholesterol-esters, glycerides, phospholipids and sphingolipids. The method showed satisfactory inter-day and intra-day precision, stability and linearity (R2 > 0.994) within a concentration range of 2-3 orders of magnitude. FAs were then quantified in typical multiple biological matrices including human biofluids (urine, plasma) and cells, animal intestinal content and tissue samples. We also established a quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) for analytes to accurately predict their retention time and aid their reliable identification. We further developed a novel no-additive retention index (NARI) with endogenous FAMEs reducing inter-batch variations to 15 seconds; such NARI performed better than the alkanes-based classical RI, making meta-analysis possible for data obtained from different batches and platforms. Collectively, this provides an inexpensive high-throughput analytical system for quantitative phenotyping of all FAs in 8-minutes multiple biological matrices in large cohort studies of pathophysiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qinsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lianglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chengcheng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Biru Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuaiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ziliang Chen
- Wuhan Laboratory for Shanghai Metabolome Institute (SMI) Ltd, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingxia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhang J, Feng J, Bai Y, Che Q, Cao H, Guo J, Su Z. Ameliorating the effect and mechanism of chitosan oligosaccharide on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10459-10474. [PMID: 37921441 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03745b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that chitosan oligosaccharide (COST) can alleviate the clinical symptoms in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. We intend to intervene with different concentrations of COST in mice with NAFLD induced by a high fat diet. The basic effect of COST on NAFLD model mice was observed using physiological and biochemical indexes. 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the gut microbiota and further analyze the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the effects of COST on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the livers of NAFLD mice. It was found that the COST-high-dose group could reduce the weight of NAFLD mice, improve dyslipidemia, and alleviate liver lesions, and COST has a therapeutic effect on NAFLD mice. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that COST could increase the diversity of the gut microbiota in NAFLD mice. The downregulation of SCFAs in NAFLD mice was reversed. WB and RT-PCR results showed that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was involved in the development of NAFLD mice. COST improved liver lipid metabolism in NAFLD mice by inhibiting liver DNL. COST could increase the expression of thermogenic protein and UCP1 and PGC-1α genes; the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is inhibited at the protein and gene levels. This study revealed that COST regulates the expression of related inflammatory factors caused by lipid toxicity through the gut microbiota and SCFAs, and improves the liver lipid metabolism of HFD-induced NAFLD mice, laying a foundation for the development of effective and low toxicity drugs for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510006), China.
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510006), China.
| | - Jiayao Feng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510006), China.
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510006), China.
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510310), China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd, Science City, Guangzhou (510663), China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan (528458), China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510006), China.
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou (510006), China.
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Chen S, Pang J, Huang R, You Y, Zhang H, Xue H, Chen X. Associations of Macronutrients Intake With MRI-determined Hepatic Fat Content, Hepatic Fibroinflammation, and NAFLD. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1660-e1669. [PMID: 37290038 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT A healthy lifestyle is the cornerstone of management in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the associations between dietary macronutrient composition and different aspects of NAFLD pathology are unclear and dietary recommendations for NAFLD are lacking. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to evaluate the associations of dietary macronutrient composition with hepatic steatosis, hepatic fibroinflammation, and NAFLD. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 12 620 UK Biobank participants who completed both the dietary questionnaire and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination were included in this study. Dietary consumption of macronutrient was self-reported and calculated. MRI-determined hepatic fat content, fibroinflammation, and NAFLD were estimated. RESULTS First, we found that saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake was associated with higher hepatic steatosis, fibroinflammation, and NAFLD prevalence. In contrast, higher fiber or protein intake was reversely correlated with hepatic steatosis and fibroinflammation. Interestingly, starch or sugar intake was significantly associated with hepatic fibroinflammation, whereas monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake was negatively correlated with hepatic fibroinflammation. Isocaloric analysis revealed that replacing SFA with sugar, fiber, or protein was significantly associated with a reduction in hepatic steatosis, while replacing starch, sugar, or SFA with protein or MUFA was significantly correlated with a decrease in hepatic fibroinflammation. CONCLUSION Overall, our results demonstrate that specific macronutrients are associated with different aspects of NAFLD, and specific dietary compositions should be recommended for distinct NAFLD-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Pang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Huang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiran You
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyang Zhang
- School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hongliang Xue
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
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Zhang D, Wang H, Liu A, Wang S, Xu C, Lan K, Xiang W, Zhu K, Xiao Y, Fu J, Jiang R, Chen W, Ni Y. The chronic consumption of dietary fructose promotes the gut Clostridium species imbalance and bile acid alterations in developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 121:109434. [PMID: 37661068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Excessive fructose intake is associated with the rising prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The gut microbiome (GM) and bile acids (BAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, but the impact of fructose on their cross-talk is unclear. In this study, adult male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet with tap water (ND) or with 4% fructose in the drinking water (Fru), 60% high-fat diet with tap water (HF) or with 4% fructose solution (HFF) for 12 weeks. Targeted BA analysis was performed in five anatomical sites including the liver, ileum contents, portal serum, cecum contents, and feces. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to explore gut dysbiosis. Within 12 weeks, the 4% fructose diet could initially stimulate gut dysbiosis and BA upregulation in the ileum, portal serum, and cecum when the intestinal and hepatic transport system remained stable without hepatic lipid accumulation. However, the chronic consumption of fructose promoted HF-induced NAFLD, with significantly increased body weight, impaired glucose tolerance, and advanced liver steatosis. BA transporters were inhibited in HFF, causing the block of internal BA circulation and increased BA secretion via cecum contents and feces. Notably, lithocholic acid (LCA) and its taurine conjugates were elevated within the enterohepatic circulation. Meanwhile, the Clostridium species were significantly altered in both Fru and HFF groups and were closely associated with fructose and BA metabolism. In summary, excessive fructose caused gut dysbiosis and BA alterations, promoting HF-induced NAFLD. The crosstalk between Clostridium sp. and LCA species were potential targets in fructose-mediated NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Zhang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ana Liu
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuifang Xu
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqing Xiang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfen Fu
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Runqiu Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlian Chen
- Cancer Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Ni
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.
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Freitas PLD, Barros MVC, Fróes RBL, França LM, Paes AMDA. Prebiotic effects of plant-derived (poly)phenols on host metabolism: Is there a role for short-chain fatty acids? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12285-12293. [PMID: 35833476 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been extensively investigated during the last decade because of its effects on host neuroendocrine pathways and other processes. The imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, known as dysbiosis, may be a determining predisposing factor for many noncommunicable chronic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, interventions aiming to reestablish the balance between microbiota components have been suggested as potential preventive therapeutic strategies against these disorders. Among these interventions, dietary supplementation with (poly)phenols has been highlighted due to the modulatory effects exerted by those compounds on the gut microbiota. In addition, (poly)phenol consumption is associated with increased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), a set of microbial metabolites whose actions are ascribed to improving the abovementioned metabolic disorders. Thus, this review discusses the modulation of the gut microbiota by prebiotic (poly)phenols based on in vivo studies performed with isolated (poly)phenolic compounds, their interaction with the gut microbiota and the production of SCFAs in pursuit of the molecular mechanisms underlying the health effects of (poly)phenols on host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Lopes de Freitas
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology (LeFisio), Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Câmara Barros
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology (LeFisio), Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Brênno Lopes Fróes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology (LeFisio), Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Lucas Martins França
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology (LeFisio), Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology (LeFisio), Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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29
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Guo B, Zhang J, Zhang W, Chen F, Liu B. Gut microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids act as mediators of the gut-brain axis targeting age-related neurodegenerative disorders: a narrative review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37897083 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2272769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging are often accompanied by cognitive decline and gut microbiota disorder. But the impact of gut microbiota on these cognitive disturbances remains incompletely understood. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are major metabolites produced by gut microbiota during the digestion of dietary fiber, serving as an energy source for gut epithelial cells and/or circulating to other organs, such as the liver and brain, through the bloodstream. SCFAs have been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier and played crucial roles in brain metabolism, with potential implications in mediating Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the underlying mechanisms that SCFAs might influence psychological functioning, including affective and cognitive processes and their neural basis, have not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, the dietary sources which determine these SCFAs production was not thoroughly evaluated yet. This comprehensive review explores the production of SCFAs by gut microbiota, their transportation through the gut-brain axis, and the potential mechanisms by which they influence age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Also, the review discusses the importance of dietary fiber sources and the challenges associated with harnessing dietary-derived SCFAs as promoters of neurological health in elderly individuals. Overall, this study suggests that gut microbiota-derived SCFAs and/or dietary fibers hold promise as potential targets and strategies for addressing age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Guo
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Zhang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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30
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Taghdir M, Salehi A, Parastouei K, Abbaszadeh S. Relationship between diet quality and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease predictor indices in Iranian patients with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6133-6139. [PMID: 37823171 PMCID: PMC10563747 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the association between diet quality and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) predictor indices in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This cross-sectional study was carried out among 344 adult patients with MetS. The diet quality of patients was calculated by Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). NAFLD predictor indices (Hepatic Steatosis Index [HSI], Triglyceride-Glucose Index [TyG], and Fatty Liver Index [FLI]) were calculated and compared according to the HEI-2015 quartiles. The relationship between the HEI-2015 score and HSI, FLI, and TyG Index was estimated using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings of the present study revealed that patients with the highest HEI score had the lowest FLI score (p = .003) and HSI score (p = .05). There was an inverse relationship between the HEI-2015 score and FLI (β = -0.49; p < .001), HSI (β = -0.05; p = .25), and TyG Index (β = -0.002; p = .34). According to our result, after adjusting for possible confounding factors, there was a statistically significant inverse association between HEI-2015 and FLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Taghdir
- Health Research Centre, Life Style InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of HealthBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Akram Salehi
- Student Research CommitteeBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Karim Parastouei
- Health Research Centre, Life Style InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sepideh Abbaszadeh
- Health Research Centre, Life Style InstituteBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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31
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Purnomo HD, Kusuma RA, Sianturi E, Haroen RF, Solichin MR, Nissa C, Pramono A, Mahati E, Noer ER. The Effects of Hepatogomax Enteral Formula on Systemic Inflammation, Caecum Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels, and Liver Histopathology in Thioacetamide-Induced Rats. J Nutr Metab 2023; 2023:2313503. [PMID: 37744692 PMCID: PMC10513838 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2313503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver damage characterized by fibrosis and necrosis can worsen the condition of liver disease. Liver disease is associated with impaired immune response and may affect short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) gut metabolites. Hepatogomax enteral formula was developed, which contains brain-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and middle-chain triglycerides (MCTs), which could repair liver tissue damage, improve the inflammatory status, and modulate SCFA in liver damage. The study aimed to determine the effect of hepatogomax on liver tissue repair, inflammation (TNF-α and IL-6), and SCFA levels in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced rats. The induction of TAA causes liver steatosis, increasing TNF-α and IL-6, and decreasing SCFA levels. Hepatogomax at a dose of 14.6 g/200 gBW significantly reduces TNF-α and IL-6 levels and increases SCFA levels (p < 0.05). The number of steatosis between groups P2 and P3 was lower as compared to a group of negative control [K2] (p < 0.05). Hepatogomax, in a dose-dependent manner, may repair liver tissue and improve inflammatory response and SCFA levels in TAA-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hery D. Purnomo
- Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medical, Dr Kariadi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Refani A. Kusuma
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Elfrida Sianturi
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Ryan F. Haroen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muchamad R. Solichin
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Choirun Nissa
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Adriyan Pramono
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Endang Mahati
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Etika R. Noer
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
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32
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Sheng X, Wang L, Zhan P, He W, Tian H, Liu J. Thyme ( Thymus quinquecostatus Celak) Polyphenol-Rich Extract (TPE) Alleviates HFD-Induced Liver Injury in Mice by Inactivating the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway through the Gut-Liver Axis. Foods 2023; 12:3074. [PMID: 37628072 PMCID: PMC10453248 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a significant and urgent global health concern. Thyme (Thymus quinquecostatus Celak) is a plant commonly used in cuisine and traditional medicine in Asian countries and possesses potential liver-protective properties. This study aimed to assess the hepatoprotective effects of thyme polyphenol-rich extract (TPE) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD and further explore possible mechanisms based on the gut-liver axis. HFD-induced liver injury in C57 mice is markedly ameliorated by TPE supplementation in a dose-dependent manner. TPE also regulates the expression of liver lipid metabolic genes (i.e., Hmgcr, Srebp-1, Fasn, and Cyp7a1), enhancing the production of SCFAs and regulating serum metabolites by modulating gut microbial dysbiosis. Furthermore, TPE enhances the intestinal barrier function and alleviates intestinal inflammation by upregulating tight junction protein expression (i.e., ZO-1 and occluding) and inactivating the intestinal TLR4/NF-κB pathway in HFD-fed mice. Consequently, gut-derived LPS translocation to the circulation was blocked, the liver TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway was repressed, and subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokine production was restrained. Conclusively, TPE might exert anti-NAFLD effects through the gut-liver axis and has the potential to be used as a dietary supplement for the management of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialu Sheng
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (X.S.); (P.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Lixia Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Ping Zhan
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (X.S.); (P.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Wanying He
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (X.S.); (P.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Honglei Tian
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (X.S.); (P.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Jianshu Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Research Center of Functional Food Engineering Technology, Xi’an 710100, China;
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33
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Guo GJ, Yao F, Lu WP, Xu HM. Gut microbiome and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: Current status and potential applications. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:867-882. [PMID: 37547030 PMCID: PMC10401411 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i7.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. In recent years, the occurrence rate of MAFLD has been on the rise, mainly due to lifestyle changes, high-calorie diets, and imbalanced dietary structures, thereby posing a threat to human health and creating heavy social and economic burdens. With the development of 16S sequencing and integrated multi-omics analysis, the role of the gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites in MAFLD has been further recognized. The GM plays a role in digestion, energy metabolism, vitamin synthesis, the prevention of pathogenic bacteria colonisation, and immunoregulation. The gut-liver axis is one of the vital links between the GM and the liver. Toxic substances in the intestine can enter the liver through the portal vascular system when the intestinal barrier is severely damaged. The liver also influences the GM in various ways, such as bile acid circulation. The gut-liver axis is essential in maintaining the body’s normal physiological state and plays a role in the onset and prognosis of many diseases, including MAFLD. This article reviews the status of the GM and MAFLD and summarizes the GM characteristics in MAFLD. The relationship between the GM and MAFLD is discussed in terms of bile acid circulation, energy metabolism, micronutrients, and signalling pathways. Current MAFLD treatments targeting the GM are also listed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Jing Guo
- Gastroenterology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Department of Science and Education, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Peng Lu
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao-Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong Province, China
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34
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Bao Z, Guo C, Chen Y, Li C, Lei T, Zhou S, Qi D, Xiang Z. Fatty acid metabolization and insulin regulation prevent liver injury from lipid accumulation in Himalayan marmots. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112718. [PMID: 37384524 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat storage and weight gain are dominant traits for hibernating mammals. However, excessive fat accumulation may cause liver damage. Here, we explore the lipid accumulation and metabolic processes of the Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana), a hibernating rodent species. We find that the unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content in food was consistent with a large increase in the body mass of Himalayan marmots. Metagenomic analysis shows that Firmicutes Bacterium CAG:110 plays a synergistic role by synthesizing UFAs, which is demonstrated by fecal transplantation experiments, indicating that the gut microbiome promotes fat storage in Himalayan marmots for hibernation. Microscopic examination results indicate that the risk of fatty liver appears at maximum weight; however, liver function is not affected. Upregulations of UFA catabolism and insulin-like growth factor binding protein genes provide an entry point for avoiding liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Bao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Biology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Biology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Biology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Cheng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610081, China
| | - Tao Lei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Shuailing Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Dunwu Qi
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610081, China
| | - Zuofu Xiang
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Biology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; Yuelushan Laboratory, Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovation Center, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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35
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Lan T, Tang T, Li Y, Duan Y, Yuan Q, Liu W, Ren Y, Li N, Liu X, Zhang Y, Li X, Jin G, Wang S, Guo J. FTZ polysaccharides ameliorate kidney injury in diabetic mice by regulating gut-kidney axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154935. [PMID: 37364420 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Fufang-zhenzhu-tiaozhi formula (FTZ), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) commonly used to treat metabolic diseases, potentially impacts the microbial ecosystem. Increasing evidence suggests that polysaccharides, bioactive components of TCMs, have great potential on kinds of diseases such as DKD by regulating intestinal flora. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether the polysaccharide components in FTZ (FTZPs) have beneficial effects in DKD mice via the gut-kidney axis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The DKD model in mice was established by streptozotocin combined with a high-fat diet (STZ/HFD). Losartan was used as a positive control, and FTZPs were administered at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg daily. Renal histological changes were measured by H&E and Masson staining. Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to analyze the effects of FTZPs on renal inflammation and fibrosis, which were further confirmed using RNA sequencing. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze the effects of FTZPs on colonic barrier function in DKD mice. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to evaluate the contribution of intestinal flora. 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to analyze the composition of intestinal bacteria, and UPLC-QTOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics was used to identify the metabolite profiles. RESULTS Treatment with FTZPs attenuated kidney injury, as indicated by the decreased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and improved renal architecture. FTZPs downregulated the expression of renal genes associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and systematically blunted related pathways. FTZPs also restored the colonic mucosal barrier and increased the expression of tight junction proteins (E-cadherin). The FMT experiment confirmed the substantial contribution of the FTZPs-reshaped microbiota to relieving DKD symptoms. Moreover, FTZPs elevated the content of short-chain fatty acids (propionic acid and butanoic acid) and increased the level of the SCFAs transporter Slc22a19. Intestinal flora disorders caused by diabetes, including the growth of the genera Weissella, Enterococcus and Akkermansia, were inhibited by FTZPs treatment. Spearman's analysis revealed that these bacteria were positively correlated with indicators of renal damage. CONCLUSION These results show that oral administration of FTZPs, by altering SCFAs levels and the gut microbiome, is a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Tang Tang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingling Duan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinglong Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guifang Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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36
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Tang Q, Shen D, Dai P, Liu J, Zhang M, Deng K, Li C. Pectin alleviates the pulmonary inflammatory response induced by PM 2.5 from a pig house by modulating intestinal microbiota. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 261:115099. [PMID: 37285678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether dietary fiber pectin can alleviate PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation and the potential mechanism. PM2.5 samples were collected from a nursery pig house. The mice were divided into three groups: the control group, PM2.5 group and PM2.5 + pectin group. The mice in the PM2.5 group were intratracheally instilled with PM2.5 suspension twice a week for four consecutive weeks, and those in the PM2.5 + pectin group were subject to the same PM2.5 exposure, but fed with a basal diet supplemented with 5% pectin. The results showed that body weight and feed intake were not different among the treatments (p > 0.05). However, supplementation with pectin relieved PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation, presenting as slightly restored lung morphology, decreased mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in the lung, decreased MPO content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BLAF), and even decreased protein levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum (p < 0.05). Dietary pectin altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Anaerotruncus, Prevotella 2, Parabacteroides, Ruminococcus 2 and Butyricimonas, were enriched in the PM2.5 +pectin group. Accordingly, dietary pectin increased the concentrations of SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate, in mice. In conclusion, dietary fermentable fiber pectin can relieve PM2.5-induced pulmonary inflammation via alteration of intestinal microbiota composition and SCFA production. This study provides a new insight into reducing the health risk associated with PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tang
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China; Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Pengyuan Dai
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Junze Liu
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Minyang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China
| | - Kaidong Deng
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210038, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
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Lopez-Escalera S, Lund ML, Hermes GDA, Choi BSY, Sakamoto K, Wellejus A. In Vitro Screening for Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Strains in Assays Relevant for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Prevention. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102361. [PMID: 37242245 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that poses health challenges worldwide and is expected to continue to rise dramatically. NAFLD is associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and impaired gut health. Increased gut permeability, caused by disturbance of tight junction proteins, allows passage of damaging microbial components that, upon reaching the liver, have been proposed to trigger the release of inflammatory cytokines and generate cellular stress. A growing body of research has suggested the utilization of targeted probiotic supplements as a preventive therapy to improve gut barrier function and tight junctions. Furthermore, specific microbial interactions and metabolites induce the secretion of hormones such as GLP-1, resulting in beneficial effects on liver health. To increase the likelihood of finding beneficial probiotic strains, we set up a novel screening platform consisting of multiple in vitro and ex vivo assays for the screening of 42 bacterial strains. Analysis of transepithelial electrical resistance response via co-incubation of the 42 bacterial strains with human colonic cells (Caco-2) revealed improved barrier integrity. Then, strain-individual metabolome profiling was performed revealing species-specific clusters. GLP-1 secretion assay with intestinal secretin tumor cell line (STC-1) found at least seven of the strains tested capable of enhancing GLP-1 secretion in vitro. Gene expression profiling in human biopsy-derived intestinal organoids was performed using next generation sequencing transcriptomics post bacterial co-incubation. Here, different degrees of immunomodulation by the increase in certain cytokine and chemokine transcripts were found. Treatment of mouse primary hepatocytes with selected highly produced bacterial metabolites revealed that indole metabolites robustly inhibited de novo lipogenesis. Collectively, through our comprehensive bacterial screening pipeline, not previously ascribed strains from both Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera were proposed as potential probiotics based on their ability to increase epithelial barrier integrity and immunity, promote GLP-1 secretion, and produce metabolites relevant to liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lopez-Escalera
- Human Health Research, Scientific Affairs, Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Alle 10-12, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
- Fakultät für Biowissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Bachstraβe 18K, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Mari L Lund
- Human Health Research, Scientific Affairs, Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Alle 10-12, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Gerben D A Hermes
- Human Health Research, Scientific Affairs, Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Alle 10-12, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Béatrice S-Y Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Wellejus
- Human Health Research, Scientific Affairs, Chr. Hansen A/S, Bøge Alle 10-12, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
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Liao J, Liu Y, Pei Z, Wang H, Zhu J, Zhao J, Lu W, Chen W. Clostridium butyricum Reduces Obesity in a Butyrate-Independent Way. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1292. [PMID: 37317266 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence from recent studies links the gut microbiota to obesity, and microbiome therapy has been examined as a treatment. Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum), an intestinal symbiont, protects the host from a range of diseases. Studies have shown a negative correlation between the relative abundance of C. butyricum and a predisposition for obesity. However, the physiological function and material basis of C. butyricum for obesity are unclear. Here, five C. butyricum isolates were administered to mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) to determine their anti-obesity effects. All isolates suppressed the formation and inflammation of subcutaneous fat, and the two effective strains considerably reduced weight gain and ameliorated dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. These positive effects were not achieved by increasing the concentration of intestinal butyrate, and the effective strains could not be replaced by sodium butyrate (NaB). We also discovered that oral supplementation with the two most effective strains changed the metabolism of tryptophan and purine and altered the composition of the gut microbiota. In summary, C. butyricum improved the metabolic phenotypes under the HFD by controlling the composition of the gut microbiota and modulating intestinal metabolites, thereby demonstrating its ability to fight obesity and providing a theoretical foundation for microbial preparations production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yaoliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhangming Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinlin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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39
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Qin L, Wu J, Sun X, Huang X, Huang W, Weng C, Cai J. The regulatory role of metabolic organ-secreted factors in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1119005. [PMID: 37180779 PMCID: PMC10169694 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1119005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, which is becoming a major global health problem, affecting about a quarter of the population. In the past decade, mounting studies have found that 25%-40% of NAFLD patients have cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is one of the leading causes of death in these subjects. However, it has not attracted enough awareness and emphasis from clinicians, and the underlying mechanisms of CVD in NAFLD patients remain unclear. Available research reveals that inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders play indispensable roles in the pathogenesis of CVD in NAFLD. Notably, emerging evidence indicates that metabolic organ-secreted factors, including hepatokines, adipokines, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and gut-derived factors, are also involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic disease and CVD. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the role of metabolic organ-secreted factors in NAFLD and CVD. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the relationship between metabolic organ-secreted factors and NAFLD as well as CVD, which is beneficial for clinicians to comprehensive and detailed understanding of the association between both diseases and strengthen management to improve adverse cardiovascular prognosis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chunyan Weng
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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40
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Qin T, Chen X, Meng J, Guo Q, Xu S, Hou S, Yuan Z, Zhang W. The role of curcumin in the liver-gut system diseases: from mechanisms to clinical therapeutic perspective. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-30. [PMID: 37096460 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2204349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have provided abundant sources of lead compounds for new drug discovery and development over the past centuries. Curcumin is a lipophilic polyphenol isolated from turmeric, a plant used in traditional Asian medicine for centuries. Despite the low oral bioavailability, curcumin exhibits profound medicinal value in various diseases, especially liver and gut diseases, bringing an interest in the paradox of its low bioavailability but high bioactivity. Several latest studies suggest that curcumin's health benefits may rely on its positive gastrointestinal effects rather than its poor bioavailability solely. Microbial antigens, metabolites, and bile acids regulate metabolism and immune responses in the intestine and liver, suggesting the possibility that the liver-gut axis bidirectional crosstalk controls gastrointestinal health and diseases. Accordingly, these pieces of evidence have evoked great interest in the curcumin-mediated crosstalk among liver-gut system diseases. The present study discussed the beneficial effects of curcumin against common liver and gut diseases and explored the underlying molecular targets, as well as collected evidence from human clinical studies. Moreover, this study summarized the roles of curcumin in complex metabolic interactions in liver and intestine diseases supporting the application of curcumin in the liver-gut system as a potential therapeutic option, which opens an avenue for clinical use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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41
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Hitache Z, Al-Dalali S, Pei H, Cao X. Review of the Health Benefits of Cereals and Pseudocereals on Human Gut Microbiota. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-023-03069-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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42
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Anachad O, Taouil A, Taha W, Bennis F, Chegdani F. The Implication of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Obesity and Diabetes. Microbiol Insights 2023; 16:11786361231162720. [PMID: 36994236 PMCID: PMC10041598 DOI: 10.1177/11786361231162720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generated from the gut microbiota play crucial roles in host metabolism. They contribute to metabolic regulation and energy acquisition of the host by influencing the development of metabolic disorders. This review aims to synthesize recent advances from the literature to investigate the implication of SCFAs in the modulation of obesity and diabetes pathologies. For a better understanding of the relationships between SCFAs and host metabolism, we need to answer some questions: What is the biochemistry of SCFAs, and how they are generated by gut microbiota? What are the bacteria producing of SCFAs and from which routes? How SCFAs are absorbed and transported in the gut by different mechanisms and receptors? How SCFAs involved in obesity and diabetes pathologies?
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumaima Anachad
- Oumaima Anachad, Laboratory of Immunology and biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 2693 Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco.
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43
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Zhu CH, Li YX, Xu YC, Wang NN, Yan QJ, Jiang ZQ. Tamarind Xyloglucan Oligosaccharides Attenuate Metabolic Disorders via the Gut-Liver Axis in Mice with High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071382. [PMID: 37048202 PMCID: PMC10093524 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional oligosaccharides exert obesity-reducing effects by acting at various pathological sites responsible for the development of obesity. In this study, tamarind xyloglucan oligosaccharides (TXOS) were used to attenuate metabolic disorders via the gut-liver axis in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity, as determined through LC/MS-MS and 16S rRNA sequencing technology. A TXOS dose equivalent to 0.39 g/kg/day in humans restored the gut microbiota in obese mice, which was in part supported by the key microflora, particularly Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. Moreover, TXOS reduced the abundance of opportunistic pathogen species, such as Klebsiella variicola and Romboutsia ilealis. The bodyweight and weight gain of TXOS-treated (4.8 g/kg per day) mice began to decrease at the 14th week, decreasing by 12.8% and 23.3%, respectively. Sixteen fatty acids were identified as potential biomarkers in the liver, and B. pseudolongum and caprylic acid were found to tightly regulate each other. This was associated with reduced inflammation in the liver, circulation, and adipose tissue and protection from metabolic disorders. The findings of this study indicate that TXOS can significantly increase the gut microbiota diversity of obese mice and restore the HFD-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun-Cong Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan-Nan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiao-Juan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zheng-Qiang Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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44
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Shafi A, Farooq U, Akram K, Majeed H, Hakim A, Jayasinghe M. Cucumis melo seed oil: agro-food by-product with natural anti-hyperlipidemic potential. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1644-1650. [PMID: 36418190 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sweet melon (Cucumis melo) seed is generally considered as agro-waste, however, the current study aimed to use this waste as a valuable oil source. The seed oil extracted by two different extraction techniques (cold press and solvent extraction) was investigated for its anti-hyperlipidemic potential. Hyperlipidemic rabbits were fed on the diet supplemented with sweet melon seed oil for 6 weeks (42 days) and thoroughly examined for the change in their lipid profile. RESULTS The blood lipid profile indicated a significant decrease in total cholesterol triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) contents of blood in hyperlipidemic rabbits fed on the diet supplemented with sweet melon seed oils while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) contents showed a noteworthy increase during the study period. CONCLUSION Cucumis melo seed oil can be used to control hyperlipidemia without restricting the intake of lipids in diet. Solvent extraction provided better results regarding extraction yield and product functionality than cold press method. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Shafi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Food Science and Technology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Akram
- Department of Food Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Majeed
- Department of Food Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Hakim
- Department of Computer Science, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Madhura Jayasinghe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Sri Jaywardnepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
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45
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Chen AS, Liu DH, Hou HN, Yao JN, Xiao SC, Ma XR, Li PZ, Cao Q, Liu XK, Zhou ZQ, Wang P. Dietary pattern interfered with the impacts of pesticide exposure by regulating the bioavailability and gut microbiota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159936. [PMID: 36336046 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Dietary intake is an essential way for pesticides to enter the human body. The effects of dietary pattern on the risks of pesticides and what diet can reduce the damage are largely unknown. Here, it is found that Mediterranean diet and Vegetarian diet could alleviate insulin resistance and obesity induced by chlorpyrifos, while Western diet could aggravate that. Gut microbiota and chlorpyrifos bioavailability mediated by the diets were involved in these effects. Both the dietary pattern and chlorpyrifos could change the composition of gut microbiota. Chlorpyrifos caused gut dysbacteriosis which was an important reason for the induced metabolic syndrome. Mediterranean diet and Vegetarian diet could maintain gut microbiota homeostasis and increase intestinal bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, repair the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier damaged by chlorpyrifos. High dietary fat intake increased the bioavailability of chlorpyrifos, which aggravated the gut dysbacteriosis and destruction of intestinal integrity. Thus, the amount of endotoxin entering the blood increased and caused low-grade inflammation, which was also an important pathway of metabolic syndrome. The results suggested that although it was almost impossible to avoid the exposure to pesticides in modern life, healthy diets could regulate beneficial gut microbiota and alleviate the risk of pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Song Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Nan Hou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ning Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shou Chun Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ran Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Ze Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Ke Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Qiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2, West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
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46
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Kotlyarov S. Immune and metabolic cross-links in the pathogenesis of comorbid non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:597-615. [PMID: 36742172 PMCID: PMC9896611 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i4.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a steady growth of interest in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is associated with negative epidemiological data on the prevalence of the disease and its clinical significance. NAFLD is closely related to the metabolic syndrome and these relationships are the subject of active research. A growing body of evidence shows cross-linkages between metabolic abnormalities and the innate immune system in the development and progression of NAFLD. These links are bidirectional and largely still unclear, but a better understanding of them will improve the quality of diagnosis and management of patients. In addition, lipid metabolic disorders and the innate immune system link NAFLD with other diseases, such as atherosclerosis, which is of great clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan 390026, Russia
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47
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Fu K, Chen X, Shou N, Wang Z, Yuan X, Wu D, Wang Q, Cheng Y, Ling N, Shi Z. Swainsonine Induces Liver Inflammation in Mice via Disturbance of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1758-1767. [PMID: 36638362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Swainsonine induced liver inflammation in livestock; however, the underlying mechanisms, especially the role of bile acids (BAs), in the pathogenesis remained elusive. Here, our results showed that swainsonine induced hepatic inflammation via changing BA metabolism and gut microbiota in mice. Swainsonine significantly upregulated the levels of deoxycholic acid (DCA) and taurine-β-muricholic acid (T-β-MCA) in the serum and liver of mice due to the markedly increased genus Clostridium and the decreased genus Lactobacillus in the gut. As antagonists of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), elevated DCA and T-β-MCA inhibited hepatic Fxr gene expression and thus suppressed FXR-SHP signaling and activated hepatic Cyp7a1 gene expression, which induced a significant upregulation of the total BA level in serum, contributing to liver inflammation. These findings offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms in which swainsonine induced liver inflammation in mice via the gut-liver axis and suggest that gut microbiota and its metabolite BAs may be underlying triggering factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Na Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xuefeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanfen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ning Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zunji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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48
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Zhu Y, Yang H, Zhang Y, Rao S, Mo Y, Zhang H, Liang S, Zhang Z, Yang W. Dietary fiber intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The mediating role of obesity. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1038435. [PMID: 36684870 PMCID: PMC9853063 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1038435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Dietary pattern rich in fiber is negatively associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Meanwhile, obesity is a known predisposing factor for NAFLD. Nutrient-focused research can enhance the mechanistic understanding of dietary effects. We thus hypothesized that higher dietary fiber intake was associated with lower risk of NAFLD through the mediating role of obesity. Methods In this nationwide cross-sectional study, dietary fiber was surveyed using two 24-h recalls. NAFLD and clinically significant fibrosis (CSF) were determined by vibration-controlled transient elastography. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were applied to investigate the association of dietary fiber with NAFLD, CSF, and liver function parameters. We used counterfactual-based mediation analysis to estimate the direct and indirect effect of dietary fiber on NAFLD. Results Of the 3,974 participants, ~36.86% and 7.78% of participants were diagnosed with NAFLD and CSF. Compared with participants among the lowest tertile, the highest tertile of dietary fiber consumption was associated with lower odds of NAFLD (OR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66-0.98; P overall = 0.019). Dietary fiber intake appeared to be linked with lower odds of CSF (OR Tertile3vs.Tertile1 = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.58-1.14; P overall = 0.107). Mediation analysis showed that obesity fully mediated the association of dietary fiber with NAFLD. Dietary fiber was associated with improved hepatic parameters. Conclusions The findings indicated that increasing dietary fiber intake could confer a greater benefit to protect against NAFLD. Translating these findings regarding dietary fiber into dietary advice might be an attractive strategy for NAFLD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yaozong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Songxian Rao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yufeng Mo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shaoxian Liang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Wanshui Yang ✉
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49
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Zhang Y, Xi Y, Yang C, Gong W, Wang C, Wu L, Wang D. Short-Chain Fatty Acids Attenuate 5-Fluorouracil-Induced THP-1 Cell Inflammation through Inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling via Glycerolphospholipid and Sphingolipid Metabolism. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020494. [PMID: 36677551 PMCID: PMC9864921 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a common anti-tumor drug, but there is no effective treatment for its side effect, intestinal mucositis. The inflammatory reaction of macrophages in intestinal mucosa induced by 5-FU is an important cause of intestinal mucositis. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the three important short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including sodium acetate (NaAc), sodium propionate (NaPc), and sodium butyrate (NaB), on human mononuclear macrophage-derived THP-1 cells induced by 5-FU. The expressions of intracellular ROS, pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the nuclear factor-κB/NLR family and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NF-κB/NLRP3) signaling pathway proteins were determined. Furthermore, the cell metabolites were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics techniques. Our results revealed that the three SCFAs inhibited pro-inflammatory factor expressions, including IL-1β and IL-6, when treated with 5-FU (p < 0.05). The ROS expression and NF-κB activity of 5-FU-treated THP-1 cells were inhibited by the three SCFAs pre-incubated (p < 0.05). Moreover, NLRP3 knockdown abolished 5-FU-induced IL-1β expression (p < 0.05). Further experiments showed that the three SCFAs affected 20 kinds of metabolites that belong to amino acid and phosphatidylcholine metabolism in THP-1 cells. These significantly altered metabolites were involved in amino acid metabolism and glycerolphospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism. It is the first time that three important SCFAs (NaAc, NaPc, and NaB) were identified as inhibiting 5-FU-induced macrophage inflammation through inhibiting ROS/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathways and regulating glycerolphospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Testing Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yue Xi
- Medical Laboratory Department, Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an 223022, China
| | - Changshui Yang
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Weijuan Gong
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (D.W.)
| | - Chengyin Wang
- Testing Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (D.W.)
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50
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Yang Z, Su H, Lv Y, Tao H, Jiang Y, Ni Z, Peng L, Chen X. Inulin intervention attenuates hepatic steatosis in rats via modulating gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112309. [PMID: 36596207 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested the mitigatory efficacy of prebiotic inulin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nevertheless, its action mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, inulin consumption effectively ameliorated high-sucrose diet-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, and rehabilitated liver lipogenesis regulators, including carbohydrate response element-binding protein, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Furthermore, inulin supplementation restored the intestinal barrier integrity and function by up-regulating expressions of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, claudin-1 and occludin). High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that inulin administration regulated the gut microbiota composition, wherein abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producers, including Bifidobacterium, Phascolarctobacterium and Blautia, was significantly enhanced in the inulin-treated rats, conversely, opportunistic pathogens, such as Acinetobacter and Corynebacterium_1, were suppressed. SCFA quantitative analysis showed that dietary inulin suppressed faecal acetate levels, but improved propionate and butyrate concentrations in rats with NAFLD. Functional prediction showed that tryptophan metabolism was one of the key metabolic pathways affected by gut microbiota changes. A targeted metabolomics profiling of tryptophan metabolism demonstrated that inulin intervention up-regulated faecal contents of indole-3-acetic acid and kynurenic acid, whereas down-regulated levels of kynurenine and 5-hydoxyindoleacetic acid in NAFLD rats. Therefore, this study demonstrated that inulin intake alleviated hepatic steatosis likely by regulating the gut microbiota composition and function and restoring the intestinal barrier integrity, which may provide a novel notion for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huihui Su
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Sugar Technology, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Yunjuan Lv
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Heqing Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yonghong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ziyan Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Xueqing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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