1
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De Palma N, Fett-Neto AG. A semi-quantitative histochemical method for assessment of biochemical responses to osmotic stress in Coffea arabica leaf disks. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:1093-1100. [PMID: 38462580 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
A simple method set for assessing biochemical changes associated with osmotic stress responses was developed using coffee (Coffea arabica L.) leaf disks. Stress was induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) exposure. Quantitative evaluation of tissue physiological stress parameters was carried out using analytical methods to validate the conversion of classic qualitative histochemical tests for localizing lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, and total xanthine alkaloids into semi-quantitative assays. Relative electrolyte leakage (EL%) and chlorophyll content (SPAD index) were also recorded. EL% levels of treated disks were higher than those of control ones, whereas SPAD indexes were comparable. Histochemical localization indicated that levels of lipid peroxidation, H2O2, and total xanthines were also higher under osmotic stress than in control conditions. Semi-quantitative data obtained by image processing of histochemical staining consistently matched quantitative evaluations. Chromatographic analyses revealed that theophylline and caffeine concentrations increased in the presence of PEG, whereas theobromine remained constant in relation to the control. The methods herein described can be useful to rapidly acquire initial data regarding biochemical osmotic stress responses in coffee tissues based on simple staining and imaging steps. Moreover, it is likely that the same method may be applicable to other types of stresses and plant species upon minor adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás De Palma
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, building 43423, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Arthur Germano Fett-Neto
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, building 43423, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil.
- Center for Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil.
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2
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Huang W, Lu Y, Ren B, Zeng F, Liu Y, Lu L, Li L. Identification and Expression Analysis of UPS Gene Family in Potato. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:870. [PMID: 39062649 PMCID: PMC11275393 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ureide permeases (UPSs) mediate the transport of ureides, including allantoin and allantoate, which act as nitrogen-transporting compounds in plants and have recently been found to play a role in cellular signaling. To date, UPSs have not been reported in potato, and their identification is important for further function studies and for understanding molecular mechanisms of plant adverse responses. Based on potato genomic data, we identified 10 StUPS genes in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Then, we conducted a comprehensive study of the identified StUPS genes using bioinformatics methods. Genome phylogenetic and genomic localization analyses revealed that StUPSs can be classified into four categories, are highly homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana UPS members, and are distributed on three chromosomes. The six StUPS genes were investigated by RT-qPCR, and the findings indicated that all of these genes are involved in the response to several stresses, including low nitrogen, cold, ABA, salt, H2O2, and drought. This study establishes a strong theoretical framework for investigating the function of potato UPS genes, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of these genes to various environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Liqin Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (W.H.); (Y.L.); (B.R.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
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Soltabayeva A, Kurmanbayeva A, Bekturova A, Oshanova D, Nurbekova Z, Srivastava S, Standing D, Zdunek-Zastocka E, Sagi M. Endogenous ureides are employed as a carbon source in Arabidopsis plants exposed to carbon starvation conditions. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 344:112108. [PMID: 38705480 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Ureides, the degraded products of purine catabolism in Arabidopsis, have been shown to act as antioxidant and nitrogen sources. Herein we elucidate purine degraded metabolites as a carbon source using the Arabidopsis Atxdh1, Ataln, and Ataah knockout (KO) mutants vis-à-vis wild-type (WT) plants. Plants were grown under short-day conditions on agar plates containing half-strength MS medium with or without 1% sucrose. Notably, the absence of sucrose led to diminished biomass accumulation in both shoot and root tissues of the Atxdh1, Ataln, and Ataah mutants, while no such effect was observed in WT plants. Moreover, the application of sucrose resulted in a reduction of purine degradation metabolite levels, specifically xanthine and allantoin, predominantly within the roots of WT plants. Remarkably, an increase in proteins associated with the purine degradation pathway was observed in WT plants in the presence of sucrose. Lower glyoxylate levels in the roots but not in the shoot of the Atxdh1 mutant in comparison to WT, were observed under sucrose limitation, and improved by sucrose application in root, indicating that purine degradation provided glyoxylate in the root. Furthermore, the deficit of purine-degraded metabolites in the roots of mutants subjected to carbon starvation was partially mitigated through allantoin application. Collectively, these findings signify that under conditions of sucrose limitation and short-day growth, purines are primarily remobilized within the root system to augment the availability of ureides, serving as an additional carbon (as well as nitrogen) source to support plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigerim Soltabayeva
- Biology Department, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan
| | - Assylay Kurmanbayeva
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Aizat Bekturova
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Dinara Oshanova
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Zhadyrassyn Nurbekova
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Jacob Blaustein Center for Scientific Cooperation, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Dominic Standing
- The Albert Katz Department of Dryland Biotechnologies, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Dryland, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Edyta Zdunek-Zastocka
- Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Inst Biol, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw PL-02776, Poland
| | - Moshe Sagi
- The Albert Katz Department of Dryland Biotechnologies, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Dryland, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel; Katif Research Center for Development of Coastal Deserts, Netivot 87710, Israel.
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4
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Ali Q, Perveen R, Saeed F, Manzoor H, Ali S, Hussain MI, Ahmad A. Enhancing water stress tolerance of bread wheat during seed germination and seedling emergence: caffeine-induced modulation of antioxidative defense mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1336639. [PMID: 38993939 PMCID: PMC11236695 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Better crop stand establishment, a function of rapid and uniform seedling emergence, depends on the activities of germination-related enzymes, which is problematic when there is insufficient soil moisture. Different ways are in practice for counteracting this problem, including seed priming with different chemicals, which are considered helpful in obtaining better crop stand establishment to some extent through improved seed germination and seedling emergence. In this growth room experiment, caffeine was used as a seed priming agent to improve germination under moisture scarcity. Polyethylene glycol-8000 (18%) was added to Hoagland's nutrient solution to create drought stress (-0.65 MPa). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD), having four replications of each treatment. A newly developed wheat genotype SB-1 was used for the experimentation. Different doses of caffeine, i.e., 4 ppm, 8 ppm, 12 ppm, and 16 ppm, including no soaking and water soaking, were used as seed priming treatments. Water deficit caused oxidative stress and adversely affected the seed germination, seedling vigor, activities of germination enzymes, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidative defense mechanism in roots and shoots of seedlings. Caffeine seed priming ameliorated the negative effects of water deficit on seed germination and seedling vigor, which was attributed to the reduction in lipid peroxidation and improvement in the activities of germination-related enzymes like glucosidase, amylase, and protease. Conclusively, seed priming with 12 ppm caffeine outperformed the other treatments and hence is recommended for better crop stand establishment under conditions of soil moisture deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rashida Perveen
- Department of Physics, Government College for Women Ayub Research, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farah Saeed
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hunaina Manzoor
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zdunek-Zastocka E, Michniewska B, Pawlicka A, Grabowska A. Cadmium Alters the Metabolism and Perception of Abscisic Acid in Pisum sativum Leaves in a Developmentally Specific Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6582. [PMID: 38928288 PMCID: PMC11203977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in plant defense mechanisms under adverse environmental conditions, but its metabolism and perception in response to heavy metals are largely unknown. In Pisum sativum exposed to CdCl2, an accumulation of free ABA was detected in leaves at different developmental stages (A, youngest, unexpanded; B1, youngest, fully expanded; B2, mature; C, old), with the highest content found in A and B1 leaves. In turn, the content of ABA conjugates, which was highest in B2 and C leaves under control conditions, increased only in A leaves and decreased in leaves of later developmental stages after Cd treatment. Based on the expression of PsNCED2, PsNCED3 (9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase), PsAO3 (aldehyde oxidase) and PsABAUGT1 (ABA-UDP-glucosyltransferase), and the activity of PsAOγ, B2 and C leaves were found to be the main sites of Cd-induced de novo synthesis of ABA from carotenoids and ABA conjugation with glucose. In turn, β-glucosidase activity and the expression of genes encoding ABA receptors (PsPYL2, PsPYL4, PsPYL8, PsPYL9) suggest that in A and B1 leaves, Cd-induced release of ABA from inactive ABA-glucosyl esters and enhanced ABA perception comes to the forefront when dealing with Cd toxicity. The distinct role of leaves at different developmental stages in defense against the harmful effects of Cd is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Zdunek-Zastocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (A.P.)
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6
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Lodovici A, Buoso S, Miras-Moreno B, Lucini L, Garcia-Perez P, Tomasi N, Pinton R, Zanin L. Peculiarity of the early metabolomic response in tomato after urea, ammonium or nitrate supply. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108666. [PMID: 38723490 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the nutrient most applied in agriculture as fertilizer (as nitrate, Nit; ammonium, A; and/or urea, U, forms) and its availability strongly constrains the crop growth and yield. To investigate the early response (24 h) of N-deficient tomato plants to these three N forms, a physiological and molecular study was performed. In comparison to N-deficient plants, significant changes in the transcriptional, metabolomic and ionomic profiles were observed. As a probable consequence of N mobility in plants, a wide metabolic modulation occurred in old leaves rather than in young leaves. The metabolic profile of U and A-treated plants was more similar than Nit-treated plant profile, which in turn presented the lowest metabolic modulation with respect to N-deficient condition. Urea and A forms induced some changes at the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, amino acids and phytohormones. Interestingly, a specific up-regulation by U and down-regulation by A of carbon synthesis occurred in roots. Along with the gene expression, data suggest that the specific N form influences the activation of metabolic pathways for its assimilation (cytosolic GS/AS and/or plastidial GS/GOGAT cycle). Urea induced an up-concentration of Cu and Mn in leaves and Zn in whole plant. This study highlights a metabolic reprogramming depending on the N form applied, and it also provide evidence of a direct relationship between urea nutrition and Zn concentration. The understanding of the metabolic pathways activated by the different N forms represents a milestone in improving the efficiency of urea fertilization in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Lodovici
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Sara Buoso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Pascual Garcia-Perez
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Research Centre for Nutrigenomics and Proteomics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Nicola Tomasi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Roberto Pinton
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Laura Zanin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206 - 33100, Udine, Italy.
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Xie T, Hu W, Shen J, Xu J, Yang Z, Chen X, Zhu P, Chen M, Chen S, Zhang H, Cheng J. Allantoate Amidohydrolase OsAAH is Essential for Preharvest Sprouting Resistance in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:28. [PMID: 38622442 PMCID: PMC11018578 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is an undesirable trait that decreases yield and quality in rice production. Understanding the genes and regulatory mechanisms underlying PHS is of great significance for breeding PHS-resistant rice. In this study, we identified a mutant, preharvest sprouting 39 (phs39), that exhibited an obvious PHS phenotype in the field. MutMap+ analysis and transgenic experiments demonstrated that OsAAH, which encodes allantoate amidohydrolase, is the causal gene of phs39 and is essential for PHS resistance. OsAAH was highly expressed in roots and leaves at the heading stage and gradually increased and then weakly declined in the seed developmental stage. OsAAH protein was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, with a function of hydrolyzing allantoate in vitro. Disruption of OsAAH increased the levels of ureides (allantoate and allantoin) and activated the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and thus increased energy levels in developing seeds. Additionally, the disruption of OsAAH significantly increased asparagine, arginine, and lysine levels, decreased tryptophan levels, and decreased levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Our findings revealed that the OsAAH of ureide catabolism is involved in the regulation of rice PHS via energy and hormone metabolisms, which will help to facilitate the breeding of rice PHS-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenling Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxin Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangyu Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeyuan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiwen Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450002, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sunlu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinping Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Kong CH, Li Z, Li FL, Xia XX, Wang P. Chemically Mediated Plant-Plant Interactions: Allelopathy and Allelobiosis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:626. [PMID: 38475470 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Plant-plant interactions are a central driver for plant coexistence and community assembly. Chemically mediated plant-plant interactions are represented by allelopathy and allelobiosis. Both allelopathy and allelobiosis are achieved through specialized metabolites (allelochemicals or signaling chemicals) produced and released from neighboring plants. Allelopathy exerts mostly negative effects on the establishment and growth of neighboring plants by allelochemicals, while allelobiosis provides plant neighbor detection and identity recognition mediated by signaling chemicals. Therefore, plants can chemically affect the performance of neighboring plants through the allelopathy and allelobiosis that frequently occur in plant-plant intra-specific and inter-specific interactions. Allelopathy and allelobiosis are two probably inseparable processes that occur together in plant-plant chemical interactions. Here, we comprehensively review allelopathy and allelobiosis in plant-plant interactions, including allelopathy and allelochemicals and their application for sustainable agriculture and forestry, allelobiosis and plant identity recognition, chemically mediated root-soil interactions and plant-soil feedback, and biosynthesis and the molecular mechanisms of allelochemicals and signaling chemicals. Altogether, these efforts provide the recent advancements in the wide field of allelopathy and allelobiosis, and new insights into the chemically mediated plant-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui-Hua Kong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng-Li Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin-Xin Xia
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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9
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Cardarelli M, El Chami A, Rouphael Y, Ciriello M, Bonini P, Erice G, Cirino V, Basile B, Corrado G, Choi S, Kim HJ, Colla G. Plant biostimulants as natural alternatives to synthetic auxins in strawberry production: physiological and metabolic insights. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1337926. [PMID: 38264017 PMCID: PMC10803581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1337926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The demand for high-quality strawberries continues to grow, emphasizing the need for innovative agricultural practices to enhance both yield and fruit quality. In this context, the utilization of natural products, such as biostimulants, has emerged as a promising avenue for improving strawberry production while aligning with sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural approaches. This study explores the influence of a bacterial filtrate (BF), a vegetal-derived protein hydrolysate (PH), and a standard synthetic auxin (SA) on strawberry, investigating their effects on yield, fruit quality, mineral composition and metabolomics of leaves and fruits. Agronomic trial revealed that SA and BF significantly enhanced early fruit yield due to their positive influence on flowering and fruit set, while PH treatment favored a gradual and prolonged fruit set, associated with an increased shoot biomass and sustained production. Fruit quality analysis showed that PH-treated fruits exhibited an increase of firmness and soluble solids content, whereas SA-treated fruits displayed lower firmness and soluble solids content. The ionomic analysis of leaves and fruits indicated that all treatments provided sufficient nutrients, with heavy metals within regulatory limits. Metabolomics indicated that PH stimulated primary metabolites, while SA and BF directly affected flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis, and PH increased fruit quality through enhanced production of beneficial metabolites. This research offers valuable insights for optimizing strawberry production and fruit quality by harnessing the potential of natural biostimulants as viable alternative to synthetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio El Chami
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Michele Ciriello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Gorka Erice
- Atens - Agrotecnologías Naturales, La Riera de Gaià, Spain
| | | | - Boris Basile
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Corrado
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Seunghyun Choi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M University, Uvalde, TX, United States
| | - Hye-Ji Kim
- Agri-tech and Food Innovation Department, Urban Food Solutions Division, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giuseppe Colla
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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10
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Nemadodzi LE, Managa GM. 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Profile of Green and Red Amaranthus Grown in Open Field versus Greenhouse Cultivation System. Metabolites 2023; 14:21. [PMID: 38248824 PMCID: PMC10819972 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, indigenous African leafy vegetables such as Amaranthus, blackjack, jute mallow, cleome monophyla, and spider plants have been conventionally and organically grown as weeds in open fields. However, the lack of land space due to the increase in population has resulted in unconventional, modern, and advanced agricultural farming. The introduction of a greenhouse has recently become the second most popular growing system alongside shade net and glasshouse to increase productivity and meet consumers' demand. Several studies on Amaranthus species have solely focused on physiological parameters and nutritional composition, leaving a huge gap on their metabolomic profile of the leaves which is crucial to comprehend when growing Amaranthus species in different cropping systems. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the influence of different cropping systems on the release of metabolites of two commonly consumed Amaranthus species in South Africa. H1 -Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) tool was used to profile the untargeted metabolites of green (Amaranthus graecizans L.) and red (Amaranthus cruentus L.) species. A total of 12 metabolites-trehalose, betaine, glutamine, choline, sucrose, caprate, adenosine, asparagine, carnitine, caffeine, aspartate, and alanine-were detected in green amaranth grown in open fields. Except for caffeine, aspartate, and caprate, which were found in the green amaranth grown in open fields, all the other metabolites were detected in the greenhouse grown once. Interestingly, allantoin, which serves as an allelochemical, was the sole distinct metabolite detected in greenhouse cultivated green amaranth. On the contrary, seven similar metabolites were quantified in red amaranth grown in both open fields and greenhouses, apart from caffeine, which was only detected in greenhouse-cultivated red amaranth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufuno Ethel Nemadodzi
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa
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Rajkumari N, Chowrasia S, Nishad J, Ganie SA, Mondal TK. Metabolomics-mediated elucidation of rice responses to salt stress. PLANTA 2023; 258:111. [PMID: 37919614 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Role of salinity responsive metabolites of rice and its wild species has been discussed. Salinity stress is one of the important environmental stresses that severely affects rice productivity. Although, several vital physio-biochemical and molecular responses have been activated in rice under salinity stress which were well described in literatures, the mechanistic role of salt stress and microbes-induced metabolites to overcome salt stress in rice are less studied. Nevertheless, over the years, metabolomic studies have allowed a comprehensive analyses of rice salt stress responses. Hence, we review the salt stress-triggered alterations of various metabolites in rice and discuss their significant roles toward salinity tolerance. Some of the metabolites such as serotonin, salicylic acid, ferulic acid and gentisic acid may act as signaling molecules to activate different downstream salt-tolerance mechanisms; whereas, the other compounds such as amino acids, sugars and organic acids directly act as protective agents to maintain osmotic balance and scavenger of reactive oxygen species during the salinity stress. The quantity, type, tissues specificity and time of accumulation of metabolites induced by salinity stress vary between salt-sensitive and tolerant rice genotypes and thus, contribute to their different degrees of salt tolerance. Moreover, few tolerance metabolites such as allantoin, serotonin and melatonin induce unique pathways for activation of defence mechanisms in salt-tolerant varieties of rice, suggesting their potential roles as the universal biomarkers for salt tolerance. Therefore, these metabolites can be applied exogenously to the sensitive genotypes of rice to enhance their performance under salt stress. Furthermore, the microbes of rhizosphere also participated in rice salt tolerance either directly or indirectly by regulating their metabolic pathways. Thus, this review for the first time offers valuable and comprehensive insights into salt-induced spatio-temporal and genotype-specific metabolites in different genotypes of rice which provide a reference point to analyze stress-gene-metabolite relationships for the biomarker designing in rice. Further, it can also help to decipher several metabolic systems associated with salt tolerance in rice which will be useful in developing salt-tolerance cultivars by conventional breeding/genetic engineering/exogenous application of metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitasana Rajkumari
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, New Delhi, 110012, India
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Soni Chowrasia
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banastahli Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Jyoti Nishad
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Plant Molecular Sciences and Centre of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX, Surrey, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Tapan Kumar Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Meng X, Zhang Z, Wang H, Nai F, Wei Y, Li Y, Wang X, Ma X, Tegeder M. Multi-scale analysis provides insights into the roles of ureide permeases in wheat nitrogen use efficiency. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5564-5590. [PMID: 37478311 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The ureides allantoin and allantoate serve as nitrogen (N) transport compounds in plants, and more recently, allantoin has been shown to play a role in signaling. In planta, tissue ureide levels are controlled by the activity of enzymes of the purine degradation pathway and by ureide transporters called ureide permeases (UPS). Little is known about the physiological function of UPS proteins in crop plants, and especially in monocotyledon species. Here, we identified 13 TaUPS genes in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genome. Phylogenetic and genome location analyses revealed a close relationship of wheat UPSs to orthologues in other grasses and a division into TaUPS1, TaUPS2.1, and TaUPS2.2 groups, each consisting of three homeologs, with a total of four tandem duplications. Expression, localization, and biochemical analyses resolved spatio-temporal expression patterns of TaUPS genes, transporter localization at the plasma membrane, and a role for TaUPS2.1 proteins in cellular import of ureides and phloem and seed loading. In addition, positive correlations between TaUPS1 and TaUPS2.1 transcripts and ureide levels were found. Together the data support that TaUPSs function in regulating ureide pools at source and sink, along with source-to-sink transport. Moreover, comparative studies between wheat cultivars grown at low and high N strengthened a role for TaUPS1 and TaUPS2.1 transporters in efficient N use and in controlling primary metabolism. Co-expression, protein-protein interaction, and haplotype analyses further support TaUPS involvement in N partitioning, N use efficiency, and domestication. Overall, this work provides a new understanding on UPS transporters in grasses as well as insights for breeding resilient wheat varieties with improved N use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Technology Innovation Centre of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Huali Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Furong Nai
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yihao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Technology Innovation Centre of Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xinming Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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13
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Kaur R, Chandra J, Varghese B, Keshavkant S. Allantoin: A Potential Compound for the Mitigation of Adverse Effects of Abiotic Stresses in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3059. [PMID: 37687306 PMCID: PMC10489999 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Stress-induced alterations vary with the species of plants, the intensity and duration of the exposure, and stressors availability in nature or soil. Purine catabolism acts as an inherent defensive mechanism against various abiotic stresses and plays a pivotal role in the stress acclimatisation of plants. The intermediate metabolite of purine catabolism, allantoin, compensates for soil nitrogen deficiency due to the low carbon/nitrogen ratio, thereby maintaining nitrogen homeostasis and supporting plant growth and development. Allantoin accounts for 90% of the total nitrogenous compound in legumes, while it contributes only 15% in non-leguminous plants. Moreover, studies on a variety of plant species have reported the differential accumulation of allantoin in response to abiotic stresses, endowing allantoin as a stress modulator. Allantoin functions as signalling molecule to stimulate stress-responsive genes (P5CS; pyrroline-5-carboxylase synthase) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) scavenging enzymes (antioxidant). Moreover, it regulates cross-talk between the abscisic acid and jasmonic acid pathway, and maintains ion homeostasis by increasing the accumulation of putrescine and/or spermine, consequently enhancing the tolerance against stress conditions. Further, key enzymes of purine catabolism (xanthine dehydrogenase and allantoinase) have also been explored by constructing various knockdown/knockout mutant lines to decipher their impact on ROS-mediated oxidative injury in plants. Thus, it is established that allantoin serves as a regulatory signalling metabolite in stress protection, and therefore a lower accumulation of allantoin also reduces plant stress tolerance mechanisms. This review gives an account of metabolic regulation and the possible contribution of allantoin as a photo protectant, osmoprotectant, and nitrogen recycler to reduce abiotic-stress-induced impacts on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasleen Kaur
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India; (R.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Jipsi Chandra
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India;
| | - Boby Varghese
- Centre for Academic Success in Science and Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - S. Keshavkant
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India; (R.K.); (S.K.)
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14
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Liu L, Zhang P, Feng G, Hou W, Liu T, Gai Z, Shen Y, Qiu X, Li X. Salt priming induces low-temperature tolerance in sugar beet via xanthine metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107810. [PMID: 37321038 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To understand the physiological mechanisms involved in xanthine metabolism during salt priming for improving low-temperature tolerance, salt priming (SP), xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor (XOI), exogenous allantoin (EA), and back-supplemented EA (XOI + EA) treatments were given and the low-temperature tolerance of sugar beet was tested. Under low-temperature stress, salt priming promoted the growth of sugar beet leaves and increased the maximum quantum efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm). However, during salt priming, either XOI or EA treatment alone increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, in the leaves under low-temperature stress. XOI treatment increased allantoinase activity with its gene (BvallB) expression under low-temperature stress. Compared to the XOI treatment, the EA treatment alone and the XOI + EA treatment increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. At low temperatures, the sucrose content and the activity of key carbohydrate enzymes (AGPase, Cylnv, and FK) were significantly reduced by XOI compared to the changes under salt priming. XOI also stimulated the expression of protein phosphatase 2C and sucrose non-fermenting1-related protein kinase (BvSNRK2). The results of a correlation network analysis showed that BvallB was positively correlated with malondialdehyde, D-Fructose-6-phosphate, and D-Glucose-6-phosphate, and negatively correlated with BvPOX42, BvSNRK2, dehydroascorbate reductase, and catalase. These results suggested that salt-induced xanthine metabolism modulated ROS metabolism, photosynthetic carbon assimilation, and carbohydrate metabolism, thus enhancing low-temperature tolerance in sugar beet. Additionally, xanthine and allantoin were found to play key roles in plant stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- College of Resources and Environment / Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guozhong Feng
- College of Resources and Environment / Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wenfeng Hou
- College of Resources and Environment / Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Tianhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Zhijia Gai
- Jiamusi Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Yanhui Shen
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Xin Qiu
- College of Economics and Management, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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15
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Raihan MRH, Rahman M, Rastogi A, Fujita M, Hasanuzzaman M. Exogenous Allantoin Confers Rapeseed ( Brassica campestris) Tolerance to Simulated Drought by Improving Antioxidant Metabolism and Physiology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1508. [PMID: 37627503 PMCID: PMC10451791 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Allantoin is an emerging plant metabolite, but its role in conferring drought-induced oxidative stress is still elusive. Therefore, an experiment was devised to explore the role of allantoin (0.5 and 1.0 mM; foliar spray) in rapeseed (Brassica campestris cv. BARI Sarisha-17) under drought. Seedlings at fifteen days of age were subjected to drought, maintaining soil moisture levels at 50% and 25% field capacities, while well-irrigated plants served as the control group. Drought-stressed plants exhibited increased levels of lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage, and impaired glyoxalase systems. Thus, the growth, biomass, and yield attributes of rapeseed were significantly impaired under drought. However, the allantoin-supplemented plants showed a notable increase in their contents of ascorbate and glutathione and decreased dehydroascorbate and glutathione disulfide contents under drought. Moreover, the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were accelerated with the allantoin spray and the glyoxalase system was also enhanced under drought. Moreover, the improvement in water balance with reduction in proline and potassium ion contents was also observed when allantoin was applied to the plants. Overall, the beneficial effects of allantoin supplementation resulted in the improved plant growth, biomass, and yield of rapeseed under drought conditions. These findings suggest that allantoin acts as an efficient metabolite in mitigating the oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species by enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms and the glyoxalase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rakib Hossain Raihan
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mira Rahman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznan, Poland
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, Miki-cho 761-0795, Japan
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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16
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Guo T, Yang Z, Bao R, Fu X, Wang N, Liu C, Ma F. The m 6A reader MhYTP2 regulates the stability of its target mRNAs contributing to low nitrogen tolerance in apple ( Malus domestica). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad094. [PMID: 37350799 PMCID: PMC10282597 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that the m6A reader primarily affects genes expression by participating in the regulation of mRNA localization, splicing, degradation, translation, and other metabolic processes. Previously, we discovered that the apple (Malus domestica) m6A reader MhYTP2 bound with and destabilized m6A-modified MdMLO19 mRNA. In addition, it enhanced the translation efficiency of m6A-modified mRNA of MdGDH1L, encoding a glutamate dehydrogenase, which confers resistance to powdery mildew. In this study, we report the function of MhYTP2 in the regulation of resistance to low nitrogen (N). The overexpression of MhYTP2 enhances the resistance of apple to low N. We show that MhYTP2 binds with and stabilizes the mRNAs of MdALN, which participates in the allantoin catabolic process and cellular response to N starvation in apple; MdPIDL, which participates in root hair elongation; MdTTG1, which is involved in the differentiation process of trichomes; and MdATG8A, which is a core participant in the regulation of autophagy. In addition, MhYTP2 accelerates the degradation of MdRHD3 mRNA, which regulates root development. RNA immunoprecipitation-seq and electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that the mRNAs of MdALN, MdATG8A, MdPIDL, MdTTG1, and MdRHD3 are the direct targets of MhYTP2. Overexpressing or knocking down the above genes in MhYTP2 overexpressing plants dismisses the function of MhYTP2 under low N, suggesting the role of MhYTP2 is dependent on those genes. Together, these results demonstrate that MhYTP2 enhances the resistance of apple to N deficiency by affecting the stability of the bound mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zehua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ru Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Xie H, Zhang P, Jiang C, Wang Q, Guo Y, Zhang X, Huang T, Liu J, Li L, Li H, Wang H, Qin P. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of high temperature stress response of quinoa seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:292. [PMID: 37264351 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) originates in high altitude areas, such as the Andes, and has some inherent characteristics of cold, drought, and salinity tolerance, but is sensitive to high temperature. RESULTS To gain insight into the response mechanism of quinoa to high temperature stress, we conducted an extensive targeted metabolomic study of two cultivars, Dianli-3101 and Dianli-3051, along with a combined transcriptome analysis. A total of 794 metabolites and 54,200 genes were detected, in which the genes related to photosynthesis were found down-regulated at high temperatures, and two metabolites, lipids and flavonoids, showed the largest changes in differential accumulation. Further analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and transcription factors revealed that quinoa inhibits photosynthesis at high temperatures, and the possible strategies being used for high temperature stress management are regulation of heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) to obtain heat tolerance, and regulation of purine metabolism to enhance stress signals for rapid response to high temperature stress. The tolerant genotype could have an enhanced response through lower purine levels. The induction of the stress response could be mediated by HSF transcription factors. The results of this study may provide theoretical references for understanding the response mechanism of quinoa to high temperature stress, and for screening potential high temperature tolerant target genes and high temperature tolerant strains. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal the regulation of the transcription factor family HSF and the purinergic pathway in response to high temperature stress to improve quinoa varieties with high temperature tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Xie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chunhe Jiang
- Academic Affairs Office, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qianchao Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yirui Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Tingzhi Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Junna Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hanxue Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Peng Qin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Langer M, Hilo A, Guan JC, Koch KE, Xiao H, Verboven P, Gündel A, Wagner S, Ortleb S, Radchuk V, Mayer S, Nicolai B, Borisjuk L, Rolletschek H. Causes and consequences of endogenous hypoxia on growth and metabolism of developing maize kernels. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1268-1288. [PMID: 36691698 PMCID: PMC10231453 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) kernels are the largest cereal grains, and their endosperm is severely oxygen deficient during grain fill. The causes, dynamics, and mechanisms of acclimation to hypoxia are minimally understood. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia develops in the small, growing endosperm, but not the nucellus, and becomes the standard state, regardless of diverse structural and genetic perturbations in modern maize (B73, popcorn, sweet corn), mutants (sweet4c, glossy6, waxy), and non-domesticated wild relatives (teosintes and Tripsacum species). We also uncovered an interconnected void space at the chalazal pericarp, providing superior oxygen supply to the placental tissues and basal endosperm transfer layer. Modeling indicated a very high diffusion resistance inside the endosperm, which, together with internal oxygen consumption, could generate steep oxygen gradients at the endosperm surface. Manipulation of oxygen supply induced reciprocal shifts in gene expression implicated in controlling mitochondrial functions (23.6 kDa Heat-Shock Protein, Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 2) and multiple signaling pathways (core hypoxia genes, cyclic nucleotide metabolism, ethylene synthesis). Metabolite profiling revealed oxygen-dependent shifts in mitochondrial pathways, ascorbate metabolism, starch synthesis, and auxin degradation. Long-term elevated oxygen supply enhanced the rate of kernel development. Altogether, evidence here supports a mechanistic framework for the establishment of and acclimation to hypoxia in the maize endosperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Langer
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Alexander Hilo
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jiahn-Chou Guan
- University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department, Fifield Hall, 2550 Hull Rd., PO Box 110690, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Karen E Koch
- University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department, Fifield Hall, 2550 Hull Rd., PO Box 110690, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Hui Xiao
- Biosystems Department, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Verboven
- Biosystems Department, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andre Gündel
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Stefan Ortleb
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Radchuk
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Simon Mayer
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Bart Nicolai
- Biosystems Department, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Hardy Rolletschek
- Molecular Genetics Department, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse, 06466 Seeland-Gatersleben, Germany
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19
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López CM, Alseekh S, Torralbo F, Martínez Rivas FJ, Fernie AR, Amil-Ruiz F, Alamillo JM. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals that symbiotic nitrogen fixation enhances drought resistance in common bean. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3203-3219. [PMID: 36883579 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), one of the most important legume crops, uses atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with soil rhizobia, reducing the need for nitrogen fertilization. However, this legume is particularly sensitive to drought conditions, prevalent in arid regions where this crop is cultured. Therefore, studying the response to drought is important to sustain crop productivity. We have used integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis to understand the molecular responses to water deficit in a marker-class common bean accession cultivated under N2 fixation or fertilized with nitrate (NO3-). RNA-seq revealed more transcriptional changes in the plants fertilized with NO3- than in the N2-fixing plants. However, changes in N2-fixing plants were more associated with drought tolerance than in those fertilized with NO3-. N2-fixing plants accumulated more ureides in response to drought, and GC/MS and LC/MS analysis of primary and secondary metabolite profiles revealed that N2-fixing plants also had higher levels of abscisic acid, proline, raffinose, amino acids, sphingolipids, and triacylglycerols than those fertilized with NO3-. Moreover, plants grown under nitrogen fixation recovered from drought better than plants fertilized with NO3-. Altogether we show that common bean plants grown under symbiotic nitrogen fixation were more protected against drought than the plants fertilized with nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mª López
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Grupo de Fisiología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CEIA3, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Fernando Torralbo
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Grupo de Fisiología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CEIA3, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Francisco Amil-Ruiz
- Servicio Central de Apoyo a la Investigación (SCAI), Unidad de Bioinformática, Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Josefa M Alamillo
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Grupo de Fisiología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CEIA3, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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20
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Bernard E, Guéguen C. Molecular changes in phenolic compounds in Euglena gracilis cells grown under metal stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1099375. [PMID: 37229138 PMCID: PMC10203486 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1099375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal presence in the aquatic ecosystem has increased and diversified over the last decades due to anthropogenic sources. These contaminants cause abiotic stress on living organisms that lead to the production of oxidizing molecules. Phenolic compounds are part of the defense mechanisms countering metal toxicity. In this study, the production of phenolic compounds by Euglena gracilis under three different metal stressors (i.e. cadmium, copper, or cobalt) at sub-lethal concentration was assessed using an untargeted metabolomic approach by mass spectrometry combined with neuronal network analysis (i.e. Cytoscape). The metal stress had a greater impact on molecular diversity than on the number of phenolic compounds. The prevalence of sulfur- and nitrogen-rich phenolic compounds were found in Cd- and Cu-amended cultures. Together these results confirm the impact of metallic stress on phenolic compounds production, which could be utilized to assess the metal contamination in natural waters.
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Makhumbila P, Rauwane ME, Muedi HH, Madala NE, Figlan S. Metabolome profile variations in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) resistant and susceptible genotypes incited by rust (Uromyces appendiculatus). Front Genet 2023; 14:1141201. [PMID: 37007949 PMCID: PMC10060544 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1141201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The causal agent of rust, Uromyces appendiculatus is a major constraint for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production. This pathogen causes substantial yield losses in many common bean production areas worldwide. U. appendiculatus is widely distributed and although there have been numerous breakthroughs in breeding for resistance, its ability to mutate and evolve still poses a major threat to common bean production. An understanding of plant phytochemical properties can aid in accelerating breeding for rust resistance. In this study, metabolome profiles of two common bean genotypes Teebus-RR-1 (resistant) and Golden Gate Wax (susceptible) were investigated for their response to U. appendiculatus races (1 and 3) at 14- and 21-days post-infection (dpi) using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS). Non-targeted data analysis revealed 71 known metabolites that were putatively annotated, and a total of 33 were statistically significant. Key metabolites including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and lipids were found to be incited by rust infections in both genotypes. Resistant genotype as compared to the susceptible genotype differentially enriched metabolites including aconifine, D-sucrose, galangin, rutarin and others as a defence mechanism against the rust pathogen. The results suggest that timely response to pathogen attack by signalling the production of specific metabolites can be used as a strategy to understand plant defence. This is the first study to illustrate the utilization of metabolomics to understand the interaction of common bean with rust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny Makhumbila
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Roodeport, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Penny Makhumbila,
| | - Molemi E. Rauwane
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Roodeport, South Africa
- Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Hangwani H. Muedi
- Research Support Services, North-West Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni E. Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Sandiswa Figlan
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Roodeport, South Africa
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Zhan C, Zhu P, Chen Y, Chen X, Liu K, Chen S, Hu J, He Y, Xie T, Luo S, Yang Z, Chen S, Tang H, Zhang H, Cheng J. Identification of a key locus, qNL3.1, associated with seed germination under salt stress via a genome-wide association study in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:58. [PMID: 36912929 PMCID: PMC10011300 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two causal OsTTL and OsSAPK1 genes of the key locus qNL3.1 significantly associated with seed germination under salt stress were identified via a genome-wide association study, which could improve rice seed germination under salt stress. Rice is a salt-sensitive crop, and its seed germination determines subsequent seedling establishment and yields. In this study, 168 accessions were investigated for the genetic control of seed germination under salt stress based on the germination rate (GR), germination index (GI), time at which 50% germination was achieved (T50) and mean level (ML). Extensive natural variation in seed germination was observed among accessions under salt stress. Correlation analysis showed significantly positive correlations among GR, GI and ML and a negative correlation with T50 during seed germination under salt stress. Forty-nine loci significantly associated with seed germination under salt stress were identified, and seven of these were identified in both years. By comparison, 16 loci were colocated with the previous QTLs, and the remaining 33 loci might be novel. qNL3.1, colocated with qLTG-3, was simultaneously identified with the four indices in two years and might be a key locus for seed germination under salt stress. Analysis of candidate genes showed that two genes, the similar to transthyretin-like protein OsTTL and the serine/threonine protein kinase OsSAPK1, were the causal genes of qNL3.1. Germination tests indicated that both Osttl and Ossapk1 mutants significantly reduced seed germination under salt stress compared to the wild type. Haplotype analysis showed that Hap.1 of OsTTL and Hap.1 of OsSAPK1 genes were excellent alleles, and their combination resulted in high seed germination under salt stress. Eight accessions with elite performance of seed germination under salt stress were identified, which could improve rice seed germination under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfang Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Peiwen Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongji Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxiao Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shasha Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeyuan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sunlu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haijuan Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinping Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Chen J, Mei S, Zheng P, Guo J, Zeng Z, Lu H, Sun B. A multi-omics view of the preservation effect on Camellia sinensis leaves during low temperature postharvest transportation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Wang G, Li J, Ji J, Zhang L, Li B, Zhang J, Wang X, Song W, Guan C. Combined application of allantoin and strain JIT1 synergistically or additively promotes the growth of rice under 2, 4-DCP stress by enhancing the phosphate solubility, improving soil enzyme activities and photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 282:153941. [PMID: 36739690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution by 2, 4 dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) has become a widespread concern due to its detrimental influence on human and natural ecosystem. With the increasing accumulation of 2, 4-DCP in soil, it is of great significance to explore some appropriate approaches for enhancing plant tolerance to 2, 4-DCP stress. In the current study, a strain resistant to 2, 4-DCP was obtained from the tall fescue rhizosphere soil and named as Pseudomonas sp. JIT1. The strain JIT1 exhibited several remarkable plant growth-promoting traits, including the production of IAA, fixation of biological nitrogen and solubilization of phosphate. The inoculation of strain JIT1 significantly increased biomass, photosynthesis, antioxidant levels, chlorophyll contents and the osmotic substance contents in rice seedlings exposed to 2, 4-DCP. Meanwhile, inoculation of strain JIT1 also enhanced activities of soil alkaline phosphatase, urease, sucrase and cellulase. Moreover, under 2, 4-DCP stress, the content of allantoin in seedlings significantly increased and the pretreatment of exogenous allantoin noticeably ameliorated the negative effects caused by 2, 4-DCP stress in rice seedlings. Interesting, allantoin treatment also enhanced phosphate solubilization properties of strain JIT1. The chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis and osmotic substance further increased by combination use of strain JIT1 and allantoin, which improved the growth of seedlings, most likely to be attributed to the synergistic or additive effect between allantoin and strain JIT1. The results of this study highlight the important roles of combined use of strain JIT1 and allantoin for improving the tolerance of rice to 2, 4-DCP to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jiali Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jing Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lishuang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bowen Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xinya Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wenju Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chunfeng Guan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Lopez AJ, Narvaez-Ortiz HY, Rincon-Benavides MA, Pulido DC, Fuentes Suarez LE, Zimmermann BH. New Insights into rice pyrimidine catabolic enzymes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1079778. [PMID: 36818891 PMCID: PMC9930899 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1079778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rice is a primary global food source, and its production is affected by abiotic stress, caused by climate change and other factors. Recently, the pyrimidine reductive catabolic pathway, catalyzed by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DHPD), dihydropyrimidinase (DHP) and β-ureidopropionase (β-UP), has emerged as a potential participant in the abiotic stress response of rice. METHODS The rice enzymes were produced as recombinant proteins, and two were kinetically characterized. Rice dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an enzyme of pyrimidine biosynthesis often confused with DHPD, was also characterized. Salt-sensitive and salt-resistant rice seedlings were subjected to salt stress (24 h) and metabolites in leaves were determined by mass spectrometry. RESULTS The OsDHPD sequence was homologous to the C-terminal half of mammalian DHPD, conserving FMN and uracil binding sites, but lacked sites for Fe/S clusters, FAD, and NADPH. OsDHPD, truncated to eliminate the chloroplast targeting peptide, was soluble, but inactive. Database searches for polypeptides homologous to the N-terminal half of mammalian DHPD, that could act as co-reductants, were unsuccessful. OsDHODH exhibited kinetic parameters similar to those of other plant DHODHs. OsDHP, truncated to remove a signal sequence, exhibited a kcat/Km = 3.6 x 103 s-1M-1. Osb-UP exhibited a kcat/Km = 1.8 x 104 s-1M-1. Short-term salt exposure caused insignificant differences in the levels of the ureide intermediates dihydrouracil and ureidopropionate in leaves of salt-sensitive and salt-resistant plants. Allantoin, a ureide metabolite of purine catabolism, was found to be significantly higher in the resistant cultivar compared to one of the sensitive cultivars. DISCUSSION OsDHP, the first plant enzyme to be characterized, showed low kinetic efficiency, but its activity may have been affected by truncation. Osb-UP exhibited kinetic parameters in the range of enzymes of secondary metabolism. Levels of two pathway metabolites were similar in sensitive and resistant cultivars and appeared to be unaffected by short-term salt exposure."
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Wu C, Wang Y, Sun H. Targeted and untargeted metabolomics reveals deep analysis of drought stress responses in needles and roots of Pinus taeda seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1031466. [PMID: 36798806 PMCID: PMC9927248 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1031466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of major environmental stresses affecting plant growth and yield. Although Pinus taeda trees are planted in rainy southern China, local drought sometime occurs and can last several months, further affecting their growth and resin production. In this study, P. taeda seedlings were treated with long-term drought (42 d), and then targeted and untargeted metabolomics analysis were carried out to evaluate drought tolerance of P. taeda. Targeted metabolomics analysis showed that levels of some sugars, phytohormones, and amino acids significantly increased in the roots and needles of water-stressed (WS) P. taeda seedlings, compared with well-watered (WW) pine seedlings. These metabolites included sucrose in pine roots, the phytohormones abscisic acid and sacylic acid in pine needles, the phytohormone gibberellin (GA4) and the two amino acids, glycine and asparagine, in WS pine roots. Compared with WW pine seedlings, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine significantly increased in needles of WS pine seedlings, but significantly reduced in their roots. The neurotransmitters L-glutamine and hydroxytyramine significantly increased in roots and needles of WS pine seedlings, respectively, compared with WW pine seedlings, but the neurotransmitter noradrenaline significantly reduced in needles of WS pine seedlings. Levels of some unsaturated fatty acids significantly reduced in roots or needles of WS pine seedlings, compared with WW pine seedlings, such as linoleic acid, oleic acid, myristelaidic acid, myristoleic acid in WS pine roots, and palmitelaidic acid, erucic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid in WS pine needles. However, three saturated fatty acids significantly increased in WS pine seedlings, i.e., dodecanoic acid in WS pine needles, tricosanoic acid and heptadecanoic acid in WS pine roots. Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that levels of some metabolites increased in WS pine seedlings, especially sugars, long-chain lipids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. A few of specific metabolites increased greatly, such as androsin, piceatanol, and panaxatriol in roots and needles of WS pine seedlings. Comparing with WW pine seedlings, it was found that the most enriched pathways in WS pine needles included flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, ABC transporters, diterpenoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and flavonoid biosynthesis; in WS pine roots, the most enriched pathways included tryptophan metabolism, caffeine metabolism, sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Under long-term drought stress, P. taeda seedlings showed their own metabolomics characteristics, and some new metabolites and biosynthesis pathways were found, providing a guideline for breeding drought-tolerant cultivars of P. taeda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Wu
- College of Horticulture & Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Honggang Sun
- Institute of Subtropic Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, China
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Mikami K, Takahashi M. Life cycle and reproduction dynamics of Bangiales in response to environmental stresses. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 134:14-26. [PMID: 35428563 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Red algae of the order Bangiales are notable for exhibiting flexible promotion of sexual and asexual reproductive processes by environmental stresses. This flexibility indicates that a trade-off between vegetative growth and reproduction occurs in response to environmental stresses that influence the timing of phase transition within the life cycle. Despite their high phylogenetic divergence, both filamentous and foliose red alga in the order Bangiales exhibit a haploid-diploid life cycle, with a haploid leafy or filamentous gametophyte (thallus) and a diploid filamentous sporophyte (conchocelis). Unlike haploid-diploid life cycles in other orders, the gametophyte in Bangiales is generated independently of meiosis; the regulation of this generation transition is not fully understood. Based on transcriptome and gene expression analyses, the originally proposed biphasic model for alternation of generations in Bangiales was recently updated to include a third stage. Along with the haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte, the triphasic framework recognizes a diploid conchosporophyte-a conchosporangium generated on the conchocelis-phase and previously considered to be part of the sporophyte. In addition to this sexual life cycle, some Bangiales species have an asexual life cycle in which vegetative cells of the thallus develop into haploid asexual spores, which are then released from the thallus to produce clonal thalli. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the triphasic life cycle and life cycle trade-off in Neopyropia yezoensis and 'Bangia' sp. as model organisms for the Bangiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Mikami
- Department of Integrative Studies of Plant and Animal Production, School of Food Industrial Sciences, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- Department of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Bio-Industry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Japan
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Andresen E, Flores-Sanchez IJ, Brückner D, Bokhari SNH, Falkenberg G, Küpper H. Sublethal and lethal Cd toxicity in soybean roots specifically affects the metabolome, Cd binding to proteins and cellular distribution of Cd. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130062. [PMID: 36183514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) plants were exposed to various Cd concentrations from background and low non-toxic (0.5-50 nM) via sublethally toxic (< 550 nM) to highly, ultimately lethally toxic (3 µM) concentrations. Plants were cultivated hydroponically for 10 weeks until pod development stage of the control plants. The threshold and mechanism of sublethal Cd toxicity was investigated by metabolomics and metalloproteomics (HPLC-ICP-MS) measuring metal binding to proteins in the harvested roots. Spatial distribution of Cd was revealed by µXRF-CT. Specific binding of Cd to proteins already at 50 nM Cd revealed the likely high-affinity protein binding targets in roots, identified by protein purification from natural abundance. This revealed allantoinase, aquaporins, peroxidases and protein disulfide isomerase as the most likely high-affinity targets of Cd binding. Cd was deposited in cortex cell vacuoles at sublethal and bound to the cell walls of the outer cortex and the vascular bundle at lethal Cd. Cd binding to proteins likely inhibits them, and possibly induces detoxification mechanisms, as verified by metabolomics: allantoic acid and allantoate increased due to sublethal Cd toxicity. Changes of the Cd binding pattern indicated a detoxification strategy at lower Cd, but saturated binding sites at higher Cd concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Andresen
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Isvett Josefina Flores-Sanchez
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Dennis Brückner
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Syed Nadeem Hussain Bokhari
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Gerald Falkenberg
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Küpper
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Branišovská 31/1160, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Zhang T, Cui H, Luan F, Liu H, Ding Z, Amanullah S, Zhang M, Ma T, Gao P. A recessive gene Cmpmr2F confers powdery mildew resistance in melon (Cucumis melo L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:4. [PMID: 36651949 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Identified a recessive gene (Cmpmr2F) associated with resistance to infection by the powdery mildew causing agent Podosphaera xanthii race 2F. Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of melon, which significantly reduces the crop yield and quality. Multiple studies are being performed for in-depth genetic understandings of PM-susceptibility or -resistance mechanisms in melon plants, but the holistic knowledge of the precise genetic basis of PM-resistance is unexplored. In this study, we characterized the recessive gene "Cmpmr2F" and found its association with resistance against the PM causative agent "Podosphaera xanthii race 2F." Fine genetic mapping revealed the major-effect region of a 26.25-kb interval on chromosome 12, which harbored the Cmpmr2F gene corresponding to the MELO3C002403, encoding allantoate amidohydrolase. The functional gene annotation, expression pattern, and sequence alignment analyses were carried out using two contrast parent lines of melon "X055" PM-susceptible and "PI 124112" PM-resistant. Further, gene silencing of Cmpmr2F using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) significantly increased PM-resistance in the susceptible plant. In contrast to the previously reported studies, we identified that Cmpmr2F-silenced plants showed no impairment in growth due to less apparent negative effects in silenced melon plants. So, it is believed that the Cmpmr2F gene has great potential for further breeding studies to increase the P. xanthii race 2F resistance in melon. In short, our study provides new genetic resources and a solid foundation for further functional analysis of PM-resistance genes in melon, as well as powerful molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding aimed at developing new melon varieties resistant to PM infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taifeng Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haonan Cui
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Feishi Luan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhuo Ding
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Horticultural Germplasm Excavation and Innovative Utilization, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Manlin Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China.
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Lei L, Yuan X, Fu K, Chen Y, Lu Y, Shou N, Wu D, Chen X, Shi J, Zhang M, Chen Z, Shi Z. Pseudotargeted metabolomics revealed the adaptive mechanism of Draba oreades Schrenk at high altitude. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1052640. [PMID: 36570906 PMCID: PMC9784223 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1052640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Strong ultraviolet radiation and low temperature environment on Gangshika Mountain, located in the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains in Qinghai Province, can force plants to produce some special secondary metabolites for resisting severe environmental stress. However, the adaptive mechanism of Draba oreades Schrenk at high altitude are still unclear. In the current study, Draba oreades Schrenk from the Gangshika Mountain at altitudes of 3800 m, 4000 m and 4200 m were collected for comprehensive metabolic evaluation using pseudotargeted metabolomics method. Through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, we found that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism related to the biosynthesis of flavonoids were up-regulated in the high-altitude group, which may enhance the environmental adaptability to strong ultraviolet intensity and low temperature stress in high altitude areas. By TopFc20 distribution diagram, the content of flavonoids gradually increased with the elevation of altitude, mainly including apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, hesperidin, kaempferol and their derivatives. Based on the random forest model, 10 important metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers. L-phenylalanine, L-histidine, naringenin-7-O-Rutinoside-4'-O-glucoside and apigenin related to the flavonoids biosynthesis and plant disease resistance were increased with the elevation of altitude. This study provided important insights for the adaptive mechanism of Draba oreades Schrenk at high altitude by pseudotargeted metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lei
- Clinical Psychology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Birth Defect Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Xuefeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Keyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yijun Lu
- Clinical Psychology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Birth Defect Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Na Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Metabolomics Detection Department, Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Minjuan Zhang
- Metabolomics Detection Department, Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Zunji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Wang J, Li Y, Wang Y, Du F, Zhang Y, Yin M, Zhao X, Xu J, Yang Y, Wang W, Fu B. Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Complex Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Salt Tolerance of Rice Induced by Exogenous Allantoin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102045. [PMID: 36290768 PMCID: PMC9598814 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Allantoin is crucial for plant growth and development as well as adaptations to abiotic stresses, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the physiological indices, transcriptomes, and metabolomes of rice seedlings following salt, allantoin, and salt + allantoin treatments. The results revealed that exogenous allantoin positively affects the salt tolerance by increasing the contents of endogenous allantoin with antioxidant activities, increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS)–scavenging capacity, and maintaining sodium and potassium homeostasis. The transcriptome analysis detected the upregulated expression genes involved in ion transport and redox regulation as well as the downregulated expression of many salt-induced genes related to transcription and post-transcriptional regulation, carbohydrate metabolism, chromosome remodeling, and cell wall organization after the exogenous allantoin treatment of salt-stressed rice seedlings. Thus, allantoin may mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress on plant growth and development. Furthermore, a global metabolite analysis detected the accumulation of metabolites with antioxidant activities and intermediate products of the allantoin biosynthetic pathway in response to exogenous allantoin, implying allantoin enhances rice salt tolerance by inducing ROS scavenging cascades. These results have clarified the transcript-level and metabolic processes underlying the allantoin-mediated salt tolerance of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Life Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingbo Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yinxiao Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fengping Du
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ming Yin
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- College of Life Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (B.F.)
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (B.F.)
| | - Binying Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (B.F.)
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Wang P, Shan N, Ali A, Sun J, Luo S, Xiao Y, Wang S, Hu R, Huang Y, Zhou Q. Comprehensive evaluation of functional components, biological activities, and minerals of yam species (Dioscorea polystachya and D. alata) from China. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yazdanpanah F, Willems LAJ, He H, Hilhorst HWM, Bentsink L. A Role for Allantoate Amidohydrolase (AtAAH) in the Germination of Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:1298-1308. [PMID: 35861030 PMCID: PMC9474941 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed dormancy is a very complex trait controlled by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Nitrate is inversely correlated with seed dormancy in Arabidopsis. This is explained by the fact that seed dry storage (after-ripening) reduces the need for nitrogen for germination. When nitrate is absorbed by plants, it is first reduced to nitrite and then to ammonium for incorporation into amino acids, nucleic acids and chlorophyll. Previously, we showed that ALLANTOATE AMIDOHYDROLASE (AtAAH) transcripts are up-regulated in imbibed dormant seeds compared with after-ripened seeds. AAH is an enzyme in the uric acid catabolic pathway which catalyzes the hydrolysis of allantoate to yield CO2, NH3 and S-ureidoglycine. This pathway is the final stage of purine catabolism, and functions in plants and some bacteria to provide nitrogen, particularly when other nitrogen sources are depleted. Ataah mutant seeds are more dormant and accumulate high levels of allantoate, allantoin and urea, whereas energy-related metabolites and several amino acids are lower upon seed imbibition in comparison with Columbia-0. AtAAH expression could be detected during the early stages of seed development, with a transient increase around 8 d after pollination. AtAAH expression is the highest in mature pollen. The application of exogenous potassium nitrate can partly complement the higher dormancy phenotype of the Ataah mutant seeds, whereas other nitrogen sources cannot. Our results indicate that potassium nitrate does not specifically overcome the alleviated dormancy levels in Ataah mutant seeds, but promotes germination in general. Possible pathways by which AtAAH affects seed germination are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leo A J Willems
- Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henk W M Hilhorst
- Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
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Zhang G, Yan Y, Zeng X, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Reveals Proteins Associated with High Melatonin Content in Barley Seeds under NaCl-Induced Salt Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8492-8510. [PMID: 35759742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization limits hull-less barley cultivation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. However, some wild hull-less barley seeds accumulate high melatonin (MEL) during germination with improved salt tolerance; but the mechanism of melatonin-mediated salt tolerance in hull-less barley is not well understood at the protein level. This study investigated proteome changes resulting in high melatonin content in germinating hull-less barley seeds under high saline conditions. The proteome profiles of seed treatment with 240 mM-NaCl (N), water (H), and control (C) taken 7 days after germination were compared using the TMT-based quantitative proteomics. Our results indicate that salt stress-induced global changes in the proteomes of germinating hull-less barley seeds, altering the expression and abundance of proteins related to cell cycle and control, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and amino acid transport and metabolism including proteins related to melatonin production. Furthermore, proteins associated with cellular redox homeostasis, osmotic stress response, and secondary metabolites derived primarily from amino acid metabolism, purine degradation, and shikimate pathways increased significantly in abundance and may contribute to the high melatonin content in seeds under salt stress. Consequently, triggering the robust response to oxidative stress occasioned by the NaCl-induced salt stress, improved seed germination and strong adaptation to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
| | - Yingying Yan
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing & Food Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
| | - Xingquan Zeng
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing & Food Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
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35
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Liu WC, Song RF, Zheng SQ, Li TT, Zhang BL, Gao X, Lu YT. Coordination of plant growth and abiotic stress responses by tryptophan synthase β subunit 1 through modulation of tryptophan and ABA homeostasis in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:973-990. [PMID: 35488429 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To adapt to changing environments, plants have evolved elaborate regulatory mechanisms balancing their growth with stress responses. It is currently unclear whether and how the tryptophan (Trp), the growth-related hormone auxin, and the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) are coordinated in this trade-off. Here, we show that tryptophan synthase β subunit 1 (TSB1) is involved in the coordination of Trp and ABA, thereby affecting plant growth and abiotic stress responses. Plants experiencing high salinity or drought display reduced TSB1 expression, resulting in decreased Trp and auxin accumulation and thus reduced growth. In comparison with the wild type, amiR-TSB1 lines and TSB1 mutants exhibited repressed growth under non-stress conditions but had enhanced ABA accumulation and stress tolerance when subjected to salt or drought stress. Furthermore, we found that TSB1 interacts with and inhibits β-glucosidase 1 (BG1), which hydrolyses glucose-conjugated ABA into active ABA. Mutation of BG1 in the amiR-TSB1 lines compromised their increased ABA accumulation and enhanced stress tolerance. Moreover, stress-induced H2O2 disrupted the interaction between TSB1 and BG1 by sulfenylating cysteine-308 of TSB1, relieving the TSB1-mediated inhibition of BG1 activity. Taken together, we revealed that TSB1 serves as a key coordinator of plant growth and stress responses by balancing Trp and ABA homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ru-Feng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Si-Qiu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bing-Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Iwasaki M, Penfield S, Lopez-Molina L. Parental and Environmental Control of Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 73:355-378. [PMID: 35138879 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-102820-090750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Seed dormancy-the absence of seed germination under favorable germination conditions-is a plant trait that evolved to enhance seedling survival by avoiding germination under unsuitable environmental conditions. In Arabidopsis, dormancy levels are influenced by the seed coat composition, while the endosperm is essential to repress seed germination of dormant seeds upon their imbibition. Recent research has shown that the mother plant modulates its progeny seed dormancy in response to seasonal temperature changes by changing specific aspects of seed coat and endosperm development. This process involves genomic imprinting by means of epigenetic marks deposited in the seed progeny and regulators previously known to regulate flowering time. This review discusses and summarizes these discoveries and provides an update on our present understanding of the role of DOG1 and abscisic acid, two key contributors to dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Iwasaki
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Steven Penfield
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Lopez-Molina
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses of the Effects of Exogenous Trehalose on Heat Tolerance in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095194. [PMID: 35563585 PMCID: PMC9103215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose can improve the tolerance of plants to various types of environmental stress. Nonetheless, information respecting the molecular networks of wheat seedlings to exogenous trehalose under heat stress is limited. Here, two wheat varieties pretreated with exogenous trehalose were selected to explore the molecular mechanism by which trehalose improves the heat tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The results indicated that exogenous trehalose improved the physiological state of wheat seedlings under heat stress. Through RNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis, the genes and metabolites specifically expressed in trehalose pretreatment were identified. After heat stress, there were 18,352 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the control and trehalose-treated (H_vs_TreH) groups of Yangmai 18 and 9045 DEGs in Yannong 19. Functional annotation and enrichment analyses showed that the DEGs in the two wheat varieties were mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Through a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry platform, 183 differential metabolites in H_vs_TreH groups of Yangmai 18 and 77 differential metabolites in Yannong 19 were identified. Compared with the control group, many protective metabolites, such as amino acids, purines, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids, showed significant differences under heat stress. The results indicated that exogenous trehalose protected the wheat biomembrane system, enhanced carbohydrate metabolism and signal transduction, strengthened the activity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), regulated purine metabolism, gene expression and metabolite accumulation in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, thus improving the heat tolerance of wheat.
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Li W, Fu Y, Lv W, Zhao S, Feng H, Shao L, Li C, Yang J. Characterization of the early gene expression profile in Populus ussuriensis under cold stress using PacBio SMRT sequencing integrated with RNA-seq reads. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:646-663. [PMID: 34625806 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Populus ussuriensis is an important and fast-growing afforestation plant species in north-eastern China. The whole-genome sequencing of P. ussuriensis has not been completed. Also, the transcriptional network of P. ussuriensis response to cold stress remains unknown. To unravel the early response of P. ussuriensis to chilling (3 °C) stress and freezing (-3 °C) stresses at the transcriptional level, we performed single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and Illumina RNA sequencing for P. ussuriensis. The SMRT long-read isoform sequencing led to the identification of 29,243,277 subreads and 575,481 circular consensus sequencing reads. Approximately 50,910 high-quality isoforms were generated, and 2272 simple sequence repeats and 8086 long non-coding RNAs were identified. The Ca2+ content and abscisic acid (ABA) content in P. ussuriensis were significantly increased under cold stresses, while the value in the freezing stress treatment group was significantly higher than the chilling stress treatment group. A total of 49 genes that are involved in the signal transduction pathways related to perception and transmission of cold stress signals, such as the Ca2+ signaling pathway, ABA signaling pathway and MAPK signaling cascade, were found to be differentially expressed. In addition, 158 transcription factors from 21 different families, such as MYB, WRKY and AP2/ERF, were differentially expressed during chilling and freezing treatments. Moreover, the measurement of physiological indicators and bioinformatics observations demonstrated the altered expression pattern of genes involved in reactive oxygen species balance and the sugar metabolism pathway during chilling and freezing stresses. This is the first report of the early responses of P. ussuriensis to cold stress, which lays the foundation for future studies on the regulatory mechanisms in cold-stress response. In addition the full-length reference transcriptome of P. ussuriensis deciphered could be used in future studies on P. ussuriensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yanrui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wanqiu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shicheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, No.138 Tongdajie Street, Harbin 150028, China
| | - He Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Liying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
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Kumar S, Bhati J, Saha A, Lal SB, Pandey PK, Mishra DC, Farooqi MS, Kumar A, Chaturvedi KK, Rai A. CerealESTDb: A Comprehensive Resource for Abiotic Stress-Responsive Annotated ESTs With Predicted Genes, Gene Ontology, and Metabolic Pathways in Major Cereal Crops. Front Genet 2022; 13:842868. [PMID: 35281847 PMCID: PMC8907976 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.842868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereals are the most important food crops and are considered key contributors to global food security. Loss due to abiotic stresses in cereal crops is limiting potential productivity in a significant manner. The primary reasons for abiotic stresses are abrupt temperature, variable rainfall, and declining nutrient status of the soil. Varietal development is the key to sustaining productivity under influence of multiple abiotic stresses and must be studied in context with genomics and molecular breeding. Recently, advances in a plethora of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) based methods have accelerated the enormous genomic data generation associated with stress-induced transcripts such as microarray, RNAseq, Expressed Sequenced Tag (ESTs), etc. Many databases related to microarray and RNA-seq based transcripts have been developed and profusely utilized. However, an abundant amount of transcripts related to abiotic stresses in various cereal crops arising from EST technology are available but still remain underutilized in absence of a consolidated database. In this study, an attempt has been made with a primary goal to integrate, analyse, and characterise the available resources of ESTs responsive to abiotic stresses in major cereals. The developed CerealESTdb presents a customisable search in two different ways in the form of searchable content for easy access and potential use. This database comprises ESTs from four major cereal crops, namely rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L.), and maize (Zea mays L.), under a set of abiotic stresses. The current statistics of this cohesive database consists of 55,826 assembled EST sequences, 51,791 predicted genes models, and their 254,609 gene ontology terms including extensive information on 1,746 associated metabolic pathways. We anticipate that developed CerealESTdb will be helpful in deciphering the knowledge of complex biological phenomena under abiotic stresses to accelerate the molecular breeding programs towards the development of crop cultivars resilient to abiotic stresses. The CerealESTdb is publically available with the URL http://cabgrid.res.in/CerealESTDb.
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Soltabayeva A, Bekturova A, Kurmanbayeva A, Oshanova D, Nurbekova Z, Srivastava S, Standing D, Sagi M. Ureides are accumulated similarly in response to UV-C irradiation and wounding in Arabidopsis leaves but are remobilized differently during recovery. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1016-1032. [PMID: 34606608 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purine degradation products have been shown to play roles in plant response to stresses such as drought, salinity, extended dark, nitrogen deficiency, and pathogen infection. In this study, we used Arabidopsis wild-type (WT) and an Atxdh1-knockout mutant defective in xanthine dehydrogenase1 (XDH1) to examine the role of degraded purine metabolites in the responses to wounding or UV-C stress applied to the middle leaves of the plant. Wounding or UV-C stress in the mutant resulted in lower fresh-weight, increased senescence symptoms, and increased cell death compared to WT plants. In addition, WT plants exhibited lower levels of oxidative stress indicators, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde in their leaves than the mutant. Notably, transcripts and proteins functioning in the purine degradation pathway were regulated in such a way that it led to enhanced ureide levels in WT leaves 24h after applying the UV-C or wound stress. However, different remobilization of the accumulated ureides was observed after 72h of stress. In plants treated with UV-C, the concentration of allantoin was highest in young leaves, whereas in wounded plants it was lowest in these leaves and instead accumulated mainly in the middle leaves that had been wounded. These results indicated that in WT plants treated with UV-C, ureides were remobilized from the lower older and damaged leaves to support young leaf growth during the recovery period from stress. After wounding, however, whilst some ureides were remobilized to the young leaves, more remained in the wounded middle leaves to function as antioxidants and/or healing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigerim Soltabayeva
- Biology Department, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur Sultan, Z05H0P9, Kazakhstan
| | - Aizat Bekturova
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Assylay Kurmanbayeva
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Dinara Oshanova
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Zhadyrassyn Nurbekova
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Jacob Blaustein Center for Scientific Cooperation, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Dominic Standing
- The Albert Katz Department of Dryland Biotechnologies, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Dryland, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
| | - Moshe Sagi
- The Albert Katz Department of Dryland Biotechnologies, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Dryland, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Sun M, He C, Yu K, Zhao B, Li R, Li J, Yang Z, Wang X, Duan H, Fu J, Liu S, Zhang X, Zheng J. Multi-Omics Analyses Reveal Systemic Insights into Maize Vivipary. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2437. [PMID: 34834800 PMCID: PMC8618366 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Maize vivipary, precocious seed germination on the ear, affects yield and seed quality. The application of multi-omics approaches, such as transcriptomics or metabolomics, to classic vivipary mutants can potentially reveal the underlying mechanism. Seven maize vivipary mutants were selected for transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. A suite of transporters and transcription factors were found to be upregulated in all mutants, indicating that their functions are required during seed germination. Moreover, vivipary mutants exhibited a uniform expression pattern of genes related to abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis, and ABA core signaling. NCED4 (Zm00001d007876), which is involved in ABA biosynthesis, was markedly downregulated and GA3ox (Zm00001d039634) was upregulated in all vivipary mutants, indicating antagonism between these two phytohormones. The ABA core signaling components (PYL-ABI1-SnRK2-ABI3) were affected in most of the mutants, but the expression of these genes was not significantly different between the vp8 mutant and wild-type seeds. Metabolomics analysis integrated with co-expression network analysis identified unique metabolites, their corresponding pathways, and the gene networks affected by each individual mutation. Collectively, our multi-omics analyses characterized the transcriptional and metabolic landscape during vivipary, providing a valuable resource for improving seed quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (M.S.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (J.F.)
| | - Junli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (J.Z.); (K.Y.); (B.Z.); (X.W.); (H.D.)
| | - Minghao Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (M.S.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (J.F.)
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (C.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Ke Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (J.Z.); (K.Y.); (B.Z.); (X.W.); (H.D.)
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (J.Z.); (K.Y.); (B.Z.); (X.W.); (H.D.)
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (M.S.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (J.F.)
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (M.S.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (J.F.)
| | - Zongying Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (M.S.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (J.F.)
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (J.Z.); (K.Y.); (B.Z.); (X.W.); (H.D.)
| | - Haiyang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (J.Z.); (K.Y.); (B.Z.); (X.W.); (H.D.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Junjie Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (M.S.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (J.F.)
| | - Sanzhen Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (C.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China; (J.Z.); (K.Y.); (B.Z.); (X.W.); (H.D.)
| | - Jun Zheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.W.); (M.S.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.); (J.F.)
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Lenz RR, Louie KB, Søndreli KL, Galanie SS, Chen JG, Muchero W, Bowen BP, Northen TR, LeBoldus JM. Metabolomic Patterns of Septoria Canker Resistant and Susceptible Populus trichocarpa Genotypes 24 Hours Postinoculation. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:2052-2066. [PMID: 33881913 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-21-0053-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sphaerulina musiva is an economically and ecologically important fungal pathogen that causes Septoria stem canker and leaf spot disease of Populus species. To bridge the gap between genetic markers and structural barriers previously found to be linked to Septoria canker disease resistance in poplar, we used hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to identify and quantify metabolites involved with signaling and cell wall remodeling. Fluctuations in signaling molecules, organic acids, amino acids, sterols, phenolics, and saccharides in resistant and susceptible P. trichocarpa inoculated with S. musiva were observed. The patterns of 222 metabolites in the resistant host implicate systemic acquired resistance (SAR), cell wall apposition, and lignin deposition as modes of resistance to this hemibiotrophic pathogen. This pattern is consistent with the expected response to the biotrophic phase of S. musiva colonization during the first 24 h postinoculation. The fungal pathogen metabolized key regulatory signals of SAR, other phenolics, and precursors of lignin biosynthesis that were depleted in the susceptible host. This is the first study to characterize metabolites associated with the response to initial colonization by S. musiva between resistant and susceptible hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Lenz
- Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Katherine B Louie
- Metabolomics Technology, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Kelsey L Søndreli
- Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | | | - Jin-Gui Chen
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - Benjamin P Bowen
- Metabolomics Technology, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Trent R Northen
- Metabolomics Technology, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Jared M LeBoldus
- Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
- Forest Resources, Engineering, and Management Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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He J, Liu C, Du M, Zhou X, Hu Z, Lei A, Wang J. Metabolic Responses of a Model Green Microalga Euglena gracilis to Different Environmental Stresses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:662655. [PMID: 34354984 PMCID: PMC8329484 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.662655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Euglena gracilis, a green microalga known as a potential candidate for jet fuel producers and new functional food resources, is highly tolerant to antibiotics, heavy metals, and other environmental stresses. Its cells contain many high-value products, including vitamins, amino acids, pigments, unsaturated fatty acids, and carbohydrate paramylon as metabolites, which change contents in response to various extracellular environments. However, mechanism insights into the cellular metabolic response of Euglena to different toxic chemicals and adverse environmental stresses were very limited. We extensively investigated the changes of cell biomass, pigments, lipids, and paramylon of E. gracilis under several environmental stresses, such as heavy metal CdCl2, antibiotics paromomycin, and nutrient deprivation. In addition, global metabolomics by Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was applied to study other metabolites and potential regulatory mechanisms behind the differential accumulation of major high-valued metabolites. This study collects a comprehensive update on the biology of E. gracilis for various metabolic responses to stress conditions, and it will be of great value for Euglena cultivation and high-value [154mm][10mm]Q7metabolite production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - ChenChen Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengzhe Du
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiyi Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Sevanthi AM, Sinha SK, V S, Rani M, Saini MR, Kumari S, Kaushik M, Prakash C, K V, Singh GP, Mohapatra T, Mandal PK. Integration of Dual Stress Transcriptomes and Major QTLs from a Pair of Genotypes Contrasting for Drought and Chronic Nitrogen Starvation Identifies Key Stress Responsive Genes in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:49. [PMID: 34089405 PMCID: PMC8179884 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report here the genome-wide changes resulting from low N (N-W+), low water (N+W-)) and dual stresses (N-W-) in root and shoot tissues of two rice genotypes, namely, IR 64 (IR64) and Nagina 22 (N22), and their association with the QTLs for nitrogen use efficiency. For all the root parameters, except for root length under N-W+, N22 performed better than IR64. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content were higher in IR64 under N+W+ treatment and N-W+ and N+W- stresses; however, under dual stress, N22 had higher chlorophyll b content. While nitrite reductase, glutamate synthase (GS) and citrate synthase assays showed better specific activity in IR64, glutamate dehydrogenase showed better specific activity in N22 under dual stress (N-W-); the other N and C assimilating enzymes showed similar but low specific activities in both the genotypes. A total of 8926 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified compared to optimal (N+W+) condition from across all treatments. While 1174, 698 and 903 DEGs in IR64 roots and 1197, 187 and 781 in N22 roots were identified, nearly double the number of DEGs were found in the shoot tissues; 3357, 1006 and 4005 in IR64 and 4004, 990 and 2143 in N22, under N-W+, N+W- and N-W- treatments, respectively. IR64 and N22 showed differential expression in 15 and 11 N-transporter genes respectively, under one or more stress treatments, out of which four showed differential expression also in N+W- condition. The negative regulators of N- stress, e.g., NIGT1, OsACTPK1 and OsBT were downregulated in IR64 while in N22, OsBT was not downregulated. Overall, N22 performed better under dual stress conditions owing to its better root architecture, chlorophyll and porphyrin synthesis and oxidative stress management. We identified 12 QTLs for seed and straw N content using 253 recombinant inbred lines derived from IR64 and N22 and a 5K SNP array. The QTL hotspot region on chromosome 6 comprised of 61 genes, of which, five were DEGs encoding for UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, serine threonine kinase, anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase, and nitrate induced proteins. The DEGs, QTLs and candidate genes reported in this study can serve as a major resource for both rice improvement and functional biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subodh Kumar Sinha
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sureshkumar V
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manju Rani
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manish Ranjan Saini
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sapna Kumari
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Megha Kaushik
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Chandra Prakash
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Venkatesh K
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - G P Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Trilochan Mohapatra
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Yi SY, Lee M, Jeevan Rameneni J, Lu L, Kaur C, Lim YP. Xanthine-derived metabolites enhance chlorophyll degradation in cotyledons and seedling growth during nitrogen deficient condition in Brassica rapa. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1913309. [PMID: 33955825 PMCID: PMC8143221 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1913309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deficiency is a main environmental factor that induces early senescence. Cotyledons provide an important N source during germination and early seedling development. In this study, we observed that N deficient condition enhanced gene expression involved in purine catabolism in cotyledons of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. Pekinensis). Seedlings grown with added allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine dehydrogenase, in the growth medium showed reduced chlorophyll degradation in cotyledons and lower fresh weight, compared with seedlings grown on normal medium. On the basis of these results, we speculated that xanthine-derived metabolites might affect both seedling growth and early senescence in cotyledons. To confirm this, seedlings were grown with exogenous xanthine to analyze the role of xanthine-derived metabolites under N deficient condition. Seedlings with xanthine as the sole N-source grew faster, and more cotyledon chlorophyll was broken down, compared with seedlings grown without xanthine. The expression levels of senescence- and purine metabolism-related genes in cotyledons were higher than those in seedlings grown without xanthine. These results indicate the possibility that xanthine plays a role as an activator in both purine catabolism and chlorophyll degradation in cotyledons under N deficient condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Yi
- Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Myungjin Lee
- Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jana Jeevan Rameneni
- Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Lu Lu
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chetan Kaur
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yong Pyo Lim
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Mayer JA, Wone BWM, Alexander DC, Guo L, Ryals JA, Cushman JC. Metabolic profiling of epidermal and mesophyll tissues under water-deficit stress in Opuntia ficus-indica reveals stress-adaptive metabolic responses. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:717-731. [PMID: 33896444 DOI: 10.1071/fp20332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) is a high productivity species within the Cactaceae grown in many semiarid parts of the world for food, fodder, forage, and biofuels. O. ficus-indica utilises obligate crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), an adaptation that greatly improves water-use efficiency (WUE) and reduces crop water usage. To better understand CAM-related metabolites and water-deficit stress responses of O. ficus-indica, comparative metabolic profiling was performed on mesophyll and epidermal tissues collected from well-watered and water-deficit stressed cladodes at 50% relative water content (RWC). Tissues were collected over a 24-h period to identify metabolite levels throughout the diel cycle and analysed using a combination of acidic/basic ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) platforms. A total of 382 metabolites, including 210 (55%) named and 172 (45%) unnamed compounds, were characterised across both tissues. Most tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis intermediates were depleted in plants undergoing water-deficit stress indicative of CAM idling or post-idling, while the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) accumulated in both mesophyll and epidermal tissues as osmoprotectants. Levels of reduced glutathione and other metabolites of the ascorbate cycle as well as oxylipins, stress hormones such as traumatic acid, and nucleotide degradation products were increased under water-deficit stress conditions. Notably, tryptophan accumulation, an atypical response, was significantly (24-fold) higher during all time points in water-deficit stressed mesophyll tissue compared with well-watered controls. Many of the metabolite increases were indicative of a highly oxidising environment under water-deficit stress. A total of 34 unnamed metabolites also accumulated in response to water-deficit stress indicating that such compounds might play important roles in water-deficit stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse A Mayer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; and Present address: Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Bernard W M Wone
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, SD 57069, USA
| | | | - Lining Guo
- Metabolon Inc., 800 Capitola Drive, Suite 1, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - John A Ryals
- Metabolon Inc., 800 Capitola Drive, Suite 1, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - John C Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; and Corresponding author.
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Baruah PM, Krishnatreya DB, Bordoloi KS, Gill SS, Agarwala N. Genome wide identification and characterization of abiotic stress responsive lncRNAs in Capsicum annuum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:221-236. [PMID: 33706183 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of non-coding transcripts having length of more than 200 nucleotides lacking protein-coding ability. In the present study, 12807 lncRNAs were identified in Capsicum annuum tissues exposed to abiotic stress conditions viz. heat, cold, osmotic and salinity stress. Expression analysis of lncRNAs in different treatment conditions demonstrates their stress-specific expression. Thirty lncRNAs were found to act as precursors for 10 microRNAs (miRNAs) of C. annuum. Additionally, a total of 1807 lncRNAs were found to interact with 194 miRNAs which targeted 621 mRNAs of C. annuum. Among these, 344 lncRNAs were found to act as target mimics for 621 genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that out of those 621 gene sequences, 546 were tagged with GO terms, 105 Enzyme Code (EC) numbers were assigned to 246 genes and 223 genes are found to be involved in 63 biological pathways. In this report, we have highlighted the prospective role of lncRNAs in different abiotic stress conditions by interacting with miRNAs and regulating stress responsive transcription factors (TFs) such as DoF, WRKY, MYB, bZIP and ERF in C. annuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Moni Baruah
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | | | | | - Sarvajeet Singh Gill
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124 001, India
| | - Niraj Agarwala
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India.
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DNA methylation-mediated modulation of rapid desiccation tolerance acquisition and dehydration stress memory in the resurrection plant Boea hygrometrica. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009549. [PMID: 33930012 PMCID: PMC8115786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-exposure of plants to various abiotic conditions confers improved tolerance to subsequent stress. Mild drought acclimation induces acquired rapid desiccation tolerance (RDT) in the resurrection plant Boea hygrometrica, but the mechanisms underlying the priming and memory processes remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that drought acclimation-induced RDT can be maintained for at least four weeks but was completely erased after 18 weeks based on a combination of the phenotypic and physiological parameters. Global transcriptome analysis identified several RDT-specific rapid dehydration-responsive genes related to cytokinin and phospholipid biosynthesis, nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and epidermal morphogenesis, most of which were pre-induced by drought acclimation. Comparison of whole-genome DNA methylation revealed dehydration stress-responsive hypomethylation in the CG, CHG, and CHH contexts and acclimation-induced hypermethylation in the CHH context of the B. hygrometrica genome, consistent with the transcriptional changes in methylation pathway genes. As expected, the global promoter and gene body methylation levels were negatively correlated with gene expression levels in both acclimated and dehydrated plants but showed no association with transcriptional divergence during the procedure. Nevertheless, the promoter methylation variations in the CG and CHG contexts were significantly associated with the differential expression of genes required for fundamental genetic processes of DNA conformation, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational protein modification during acclimation, growth, and rapid dehydration stress response. It was also associated with the dehydration stress-induced upregulation of memory genes, including pre-mRNA-splicing factor 38A, vacuolar amino acid transporter 1-like, and UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase, which may contribute directly or indirectly to the improvement of dehydration tolerance in B. hygrometrica plants. Altogether, our findings demonstrate the potential implications of DNA methylation in dehydration stress memory and, therefore, provide a molecular basis for enhanced dehydration tolerance in plants induced by drought acclimation. Drought is a major adverse environmental condition affecting plant growth and productivity. Although plants can be trained to improved tolerance to the subsequent drought stress, most land plants are unable to recover from severe dehydration when the relative water content in their vegetative tissues drops below 20–30%. However, a small group of angiosperms, termed resurrection plants, can survive extreme water deficiency of their vegetative tissues to an air-dried state and recovered upon rehydration. Understanding the biochemical and molecular basis of desiccation tolerance is valuable for extending our knowledge of the maximum ability of plants to deal with extreme water loss. Boea hygrometrica is a well-characterized resurrection plant that can not only tolerate slow dehydration but also extend its ability to survive rapid dehydration after a priming process of slow dehydration and rehydration. The rapid desiccation tolerance in primed plants can be maintained for at least four weeks. Here, we utilized this system of drought acclimation-induced RDT acquisition, maintenance, and erasing to explore plant phenotypic, physiological, and transcriptional changes, as well as DNA methylation dynamics. The analyses of the effect of DNA methylation on gene expression and promoter methylation changes with differential gene expression revealed the putative epigenetic control of dehydration stress memory in plants.
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Ali S, Khan N. Delineation of mechanistic approaches employed by plant growth promoting microorganisms for improving drought stress tolerance in plants. Microbiol Res 2021; 249:126771. [PMID: 33930840 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drought stress is expected to increase in intensity, frequency, and duration in many parts of the world, with potential negative impacts on plant growth and productivity. The plants have evolved complex physiological and biochemical mechanisms to respond and adjust to water-deficient environments. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms associated with water-stress tolerance and water-use efficiency have been extensively studied. Besides these adaptive and mitigating strategies, the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a significant role in alleviating plant drought stress. These beneficial microorganisms colonize the endo-rhizosphere/rhizosphere of plants and enhance drought tolerance. The common mechanism by which these microorganisms improve drought tolerance included the production of volatile compounds, phytohormones, siderophores, exopolysaccharides, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC deaminase), accumulation of antioxidant, stress-induced metabolites such as osmotic solutes proline, alternation in leaf and root morphology and regulation of the stress-responsive genes. The PGPR is an easy and efficient alternative approach to genetic manipulation and crop enhancement practices because plant breeding and genetic modification are time-consuming and expensive processes for obtaining stress-tolerant varieties. In this review, we will elaborate on PGPR's mechanistic approaches in enhancing the plant stress tolerance to cope with the drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali
- Plant Epigenetic and Development, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Delgado-García E, Piedras P, Gómez-Baena G, García-Magdaleno IM, Pineda M, Gálvez-Valdivieso G. Nucleoside Metabolism Is Induced in Common Bean During Early Seedling Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:651015. [PMID: 33841480 PMCID: PMC8027947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.651015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside hydrolases (NSH; nucleosidases) catalyze the cleavage of nucleosides into ribose and free nucleobases. These enzymes have been postulated as key elements controlling the ratio between nucleotide salvage and degradation. Moreover, they play a pivotal role in ureidic legumes by providing the substrate for the synthesis of ureides. Furthermore, nucleotide metabolism has a crucial role during germination and early seedling development, since the developing seedlings require high amount of nucleotide simultaneously to the mobilization of nutrient in cotyledons. In this study, we have cloned two nucleosidases genes from Phaseolus vulgaris, PvNSH1 and PvNSH2, expressed them as recombinant proteins, and characterized their catalytic activities. Both enzymes showed a broad range of substrate affinity; however, PvNSH1 exhibited the highest activity with uridine, followed by xanthosine, whereas PvNSH2 hydrolyses preferentially xanthosine and shows low activity with uridine. The study of the regulation of nucleosidases during germination and early postgerminative development indicated that nucleosidases are induced in cotyledons and embryonic axes just after the radicle emergence, coincident with the induction of nucleases activity and the synthesis of ureides in the embryonic axes, with no remarkable differences in the level of expression of both nucleosidase genes. In addition, nucleosides and nucleobase levels were determined as well in cotyledons and embryonic axes. Our results suggest that PvNSH1 and PvNSH2 play an important role in the mobilization of nutrients during this crucial stage of plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Delgado-García
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal. Grupo de Fisiología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas. Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Agroalimentación, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pedro Piedras
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal. Grupo de Fisiología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas. Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Agroalimentación, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Gómez-Baena
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Agroalimentación, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Isabel M. García-Magdaleno
- Servicio Central de Apoyo a la Investigación (SCAI), Unidad de Espectrometría de Masas y Cromatografía, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Pineda
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal. Grupo de Fisiología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas. Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Agroalimentación, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gregorio Gálvez-Valdivieso
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal. Grupo de Fisiología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas. Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Agroalimentación, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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