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Sebbari F, Khallouki F, Salamatullah AM, Bourhia M, Metouekel A, El Bouhali B. Assessment of Vitamin D Status in the Drâa-Tafilalet Population (Morocco) Based on Sociodemographic, Health, and Nutritional Factors. Nutrients 2024; 16:2118. [PMID: 38999866 PMCID: PMC11243690 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D status and determine the factors influencing it in the Drâa-Tafilalet community (southeastern Morocco). Sociodemographic factors, health, cognitive status, sun exposure, and nutritional conditions were examined to help us understand their association with vitamin D status. Vitamin D data were gathered through laboratory testing, while demographic and health information was collected through interviews with participants in 2023. The study involved 100 participants aged 60 and above, most of whom were women (85%) rather than men (15%). The majority of participants were Arabs (90%), with a minority being Amazigh (10%). The average vitamin D level was 31.83 ± 10.55 ng/mL, varying based on participants' age, education, and gender. Sun-exposed individuals exhibited significantly higher mean vitamin D levels (33.56 ± 11.99 ng/mL) compared to those with limited sun exposure (28.97 ± 9.28 ng/mL). Moreover, the time spent outdoors, seasonal changes, and the duration of sun exposure affected the levels of vitamin D. These findings depict the vitamin D status of the elderly population of Drâa-Tafilalet, recognized as one of Morocco's poorest regions, shedding light on the significant influencers. Nonetheless, additional research is necessary to explore the correlation between dietary habits, sunlight exposure, and vitamin D levels in both young and elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Sebbari
- Faculty of Science and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail of Meknes, Boutalamine, P.O. Box 509, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Farid Khallouki
- Faculty of Science and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail of Meknes, Boutalamine, P.O. Box 509, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80060, Morocco
| | - Amira Metouekel
- BOI R&D Laboratory, Bioval Ocean Indian Research and Innovation Company, 18 rue des Poivres Roses, 97419 La Possession, France
| | - Bachir El Bouhali
- Faculty of Science and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail of Meknes, Boutalamine, P.O. Box 509, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
- Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail of Meknes, Zitoune, P.O. Box 11201, Meknes 50070, Morocco
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2
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Nakajima Y. The Importance of Preventing Vitamin D Deficiency. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:520-521. [PMID: 38382994 PMCID: PMC11079478 DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Nakajima
- Nakajima Medical Clinic, Kokubunji-city, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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van Bodegraven M, Kröger M, Zamudio Díaz DF, Lohan SB, Moritz RKC, Möller N, Knoblich C, Vogelsang A, Milinic Z, Hallhuber M, Weise JM, Kolbe L, Gallinger J, Graupner C, Klose H, Ulrich C, Meinke MC. Redefine photoprotection: Sun protection beyond sunburn. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15002. [PMID: 38284193 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light leads to acute and chronic UV damage and is the main risk factor for the development of skin cancer. In most countries with western lifestyle, the topical application of sunscreens on UV-exposed skin areas is by far the most frequently used preventive measure against sunburn. Further than preventing sunburns, increasing numbers of consumers are appreciating sunscreens with a medium- to high-level sun protective factor (SPF) as basis for sustainable-skin ageing or skin cancer prevention programs. However, recent investigations indicate that clinically significant DNA damages as well as a lasting impairment of cutaneous immunosurveillance already occur far below the standard of one minimal erythema dose (MED) sunburn level, which contributes to the current discussion of the clinical value of high-protective SPF values. Ex vivo investigations on human skin showed that the application of SPF30 reduces DNA damage for a day long sun exposure (24 MED) drastically by about 53% but is significantly surpassed by SPF100 reducing DNA damage by approx. 73%. Further analysis on different SPF protection levels in UV-exposed cell culture assays focusing on IL-18, cell vitality and cis/trans-urocanic acid support these findings. Whereas SPF30 and SPF50+ sunscreens already offer a solid UVB cover for most indications, our results indicate that SPF100 provides significant additional protection against mutagenic (non-apoptotic-) DNA damage and functional impairment of the cutaneous immunosurveillance and therefore qualifies as an optimized sunscreen for specifically vulnerable patient groups such as immunosuppressed patients, or skin cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marius Kröger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela F Zamudio Díaz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke B Lohan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rose K C Moritz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Möller
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Zorica Milinic
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Julia M Weise
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Kolbe
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Cindy Graupner
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Klose
- artMED Private Practice for Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claas Ulrich
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- CMB Collegium Medicum Berlin GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Nakajima H, Sakamoto Y, Honda Y, Sasaki T, Igeta Y, Ogishima D, Matsuoka S, Kim SG, Ishijima M, Miyagawa K. Estimation of the vitamin D (VD) status of pregnant Japanese women based on food intake and VD synthesis by solar UV-B radiation using a questionnaire and UV-B observations. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 229:106272. [PMID: 36775044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Although vitamin D (VD; serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) is widespread among Japanese women, the VD status among pregnant women is unknown. This study aimed to determine the VD status of pregnant Japanese women during different meteorological seasons and to determine the factors controlling VD status. A total of 309 pregnant Japanese women were recruited at 28 weeks of gestation at the gynecology department of a university hospital in Tokyo between August 2018 and October 2019. Blood samples were collected to measure serum 25(OH)D levels. Two questionnaires were completed: a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire (BDHQ) and an outdoor exposure history questionnaire to determine skin sunlight exposure and the use of sunscreen. Among the recruited subjects, 268 were included in the statistical analysis. The average VD intake from food was 9.0 μg/day, the average VD synthesis from UV-B was 15.2 μg/day, and the average sum of VD intake and nominal VD synthesis was 24.1 μg/day; this exceeded the recommended 2011 Dietary Reference Intake for the USA and Canada (15.0 μg/day). However, the average serum 25(OH)D level (11.4 ng/mL) was very low, indicating widespread VD deficiency. Serum 25(OH)D and VD synthesis by solar UV-B were significantly correlated only during the high UV-B season. The 25(OH)D level was weakly correlated with the VD intake from food in all seasons. We obtained a statistically significant correlation between serum 25(OH)D level and VD intake from food using the BDHQ. We also obtained a statistically significant correlation between the serum 25(OH)D level and VD synthesis from solar UV-B exposure, especially during the high UV-B season. Our logistic regression analysis model predicted VD deficiency in 88.0% of subjects. Our method might be possible to be used to predict the VD status of pregnant Japanese women, although another validation cohort is needed to verify the ability of the estimation equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Nakajima
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Yuko Sakamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Nerima, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan; Child and AYA Generation Bone Health Care Center, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Nerima, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan
| | - Yuka Honda
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toru Sasaki
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Yuka Igeta
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Nerima, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan
| | - Daiki Ogishima
- Department of Obstetrics-gynecology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Nerima, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan
| | - Shozo Matsuoka
- Department of Obstetrics-gynecology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Nerima, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan
| | - Sung-Gon Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Nerima, Tokyo 177-8521, Japan
| | - Muneaki Ishijima
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Koji Miyagawa
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
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Miyamoto H, Kawakami D, Hanafusa N, Nakanishi T, Miyasaka M, Furutani Y, Ikeda Y, Ito K, Kato T, Yokoyama K, Arakawa S, Saito M, Furusho T, Matsuura T, Ochi S. Determination of a Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Reference Ranges in Japanese Adults Using Fully Automated Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Nutr 2023; 153:1253-1264. [PMID: 36806449 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite an increasing interest in vitamin D status, a reference range of the nutrient has not been fully established. This is partly due to a paucity of standardized measuring systems with high throughput. In addition, the range may vary by populations and may change with modernization of lifestyles. OBJECTIVES This study aims to calculate the current reference concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) among healthy people living in an urban area in Japan. METHODS A newly developed fully automated liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system was used to measure serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Reproducibility was assessed by measuring standardized samples. Accuracy was validated by comparing with commercially available immunoassays. Then, mass screening was conducted targeting participants who received medical checkups in Tokyo from April 2019 to March 2020, and the reference ranges were calculated. RESULTS The coefficients of variations of interoperator and interday reproducibility were 4.1%-8.5% and 3.7%-8.0% for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2) and 4.7%-7.0% and 4.0%-6.9% for 25-hydroxyvitamine D3, respectively. The measured total 25(OH)D concentrations correlated well with those measured by immunoassays. In total, 5518 participants were measured for 25(OH)D concentrations, among whom 98% showed inadequate concentrations (<30 ng/mL). The reference ranges of total 25(OH)D for female, male, and total participants were 7-30 ng/mL, 5-27 ng/mL, and 6-29 ng/mL, respectively. After excluding those with abnormal renal and liver function, the range was 6-30 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency among seemingly healthy population may be attributed to lifestyle characteristics of people living in urban areas of Japan, including spending less time outdoors and lower intake of traditional foods. Longitudinal follow-up and mass screenings targeting different population will help elucidate reasons for discrepancies between official guidelines and the observed concentrations, to which the well-validated measurement system is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Miyamoto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Central Clinical Laboratory, The Jikei University Hospital, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan; Department of International Food and Agricultural Science, Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawakami
- Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto city, Kyoto, Japan; Analytical Business Unit, Shimadzu Europa GmbH, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Nobuhiro Hanafusa
- Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto city, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nakanishi
- Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto city, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Miyasaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Furutani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikeda
- Department of Central Clinical Laboratory, The Jikei University Hospital, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ito
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kato
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yokoyama
- Harumi Toriton Clinic of The Jikei University Hospital, Chuo City, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Science, The Graduate School, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoutaro Arakawa
- Department of Orthopedics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopedics, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadasu Furusho
- Department of International Food and Agricultural Science, Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsuura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sae Ochi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato City, Tokyo, Japan.
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6
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Schmalwieser AW, Schmalwieser SS. Exposed Body Surface Area-A Determinate for UV Radiant Energy in Human UV Exposure Studies. Photochem Photobiol 2022. [PMID: 36308458 DOI: 10.1111/php.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) exposure of people and related health risk is mainly examined by estimating the received UV radiant exposure. However, for several effects such as DNA damage, vitamin D photosynthesis or the probability of developing skin cancer, UV radiant energy is important and with that the size of exposed skin area. There is also a complex interaction between body shape and behavior like sun exposure habits, so that careful analysis is necessary when estimating health effects from UV exposure. In this paper, knowledge on body shape and methods of calculating the total body surface area (BSA) are summarized. BSA depends mainly on the height and weight of a person as well as on gender, ethnicity and body shape. BSA and body shape differ significantly between different populations and both change during life. This paper proposes formulas for BSA that consider height, weight, gender, ethnicity and body shape. As the exposed BSA depends on clothing, finally an approach is presented which aims to calculate the size of body parts released by real garments. In summary, this paper will enable future researchers to quantify the exposed BSA by best matching their study population and consequently investigate risks caused by solar UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois W Schmalwieser
- Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Schmalwieser AW, Eschenbacher S, Schreder J. UV-Biometer - The usage of erythemal weighted broadband meters for other biological effects. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 230:112442. [PMID: 35429827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we pick up the idea of the "UV-Biometer": the use of erythemal weighted broadband meters for other photobiological endpoints. Therefore, nine different types of broadband meters were considered. A necessity for their calibration is the availability of an action spectrum for the respective effect over the complete solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation range. Unfortunately, such action spectra are rather rare. Here we used the action spectra for non-melanoma skin cancer, DNA-damage, clearing of psoriasis, ICNIRP's workers protection and persistent pigmentation. The action spectrum for vitamin D photosynthesis is taken to estimate the effect of missing effectiveness values in the UV-A range. Application shows that high uncertainties occur especially at low solar elevations. Calibration factors in dependence of total ozone and solar elevation were calculated for all broadband meters and all effects. Analysis shows, that not all of these effects are as appropriate as erythema. The calibration for all effects was applied for a broadband meter that measures the UV-Index operationally within the Austrian UV-Index network. As most of these action spectra have threshold limit values or minimum dose equivalents, irradiance was converted into threshold exposure times. Uncertainties from total ozone during routine operation are estimated. Additionally, we derived conversion factors for erythemally effective irradiance to these effective irradiances. This delivers an easy way to gain biologically effective irradiance without the need of knowing the properties of the instrument. However, this introduces additional uncertainties and not all conversions should be applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Schmalwieser
- Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
| | - S Eschenbacher
- Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Umar SA, Tasduq SA. Ozone Layer Depletion and Emerging Public Health Concerns - An Update on Epidemiological Perspective of the Ambivalent Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure. Front Oncol 2022; 12:866733. [PMID: 35359420 PMCID: PMC8960955 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.866733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the primary etiological agent responsible for developing cutaneous malignancies. Avoiding excessive radiation exposure, especially by high-risk groups, is recommended to prevent UV-induced photo-pathologies. However, optimal sun exposure is essential for the healthy synthesis of about 90% of vitamin D levels in the body. Insufficient exposure to UV-B is linked to vitamin D deficiency in humans. Therefore, optimal sun exposure is necessary for maintaining a normal state of homeostasis in the skin. Humans worldwide face a major existential threat because of climate change which has already shown its effects in several ways. Over the last 4 to 5 decades, increased incidences in skin cancer cases have led international health organizations to develop strong sun protection measures. However, at the same time, a growing concern about vitamin D deficiency is creating a kind of exposure dilemma. Current knowledge of UV exposure to skin outweighs the adverse effects than the beneficial roles it offers to the body, necessitating a correct public health recommendation on optimal sun exposure. Following an appropriate recommendation on optimal sun exposure will lead to positive outcomes in protecting humans against the adverse effects of strict recommendations on sun protection measures. In this short review, we spotlight the ambivalent health effects of UV exposure and how ozone layer depletion has influenced these effects of UVR. Further, our aim remains to explore how to lead towards a balanced recommendation on sun protection measures to prevent the spurt of diseases due to inadequate exposure to UV-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Ahmad Umar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian (CSIR) Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) and Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian (CSIR) Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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9
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Tuieng RJ, Cartmell SH, Kirwan CC, Sherratt MJ. The Effects of Ionising and Non-Ionising Electromagnetic Radiation on Extracellular Matrix Proteins. Cells 2021; 10:3041. [PMID: 34831262 PMCID: PMC8616186 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to sub-lethal doses of ionising and non-ionising electromagnetic radiation can impact human health and well-being as a consequence of, for example, the side effects of radiotherapy (therapeutic X-ray exposure) and accelerated skin ageing (chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation: UVR). Whilst attention has focused primarily on the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with cells and cellular components, radiation-induced damage to long-lived extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins has the potential to profoundly affect tissue structure, composition and function. This review focuses on the current understanding of the biological effects of ionising and non-ionising radiation on the ECM of breast stroma and skin dermis, respectively. Although there is some experimental evidence for radiation-induced damage to ECM proteins, compared with the well-characterised impact of radiation exposure on cell biology, the structural, functional, and ultimately clinical consequences of ECM irradiation remain poorly defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Jie Tuieng
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Sarah H. Cartmell
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering and The Henry Royce Institute, Royce Hub Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Cliona C. Kirwan
- Division of Cancer Sciences and Manchester Breast Centre, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK;
| | - Michael J. Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine and Manchester Breast Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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10
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Schmalwieser AW. Possibilities to estimate the personal UV radiation exposure from ambient UV radiation measurements. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 19:1249-1261. [PMID: 32794538 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
People are exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) throughout their entire lives. Exposure to UVR is vital but also poses serious risks. The quantification of human UVR exposure is a complex issue. Personal UVR exposure is related to ambient UVR as well as to a variety of factors such as the orientation of the exposed anatomical site with respect to the sun and the duration of exposure. This is mainly determined by personal behaviour. A variety of efforts have been made in the past to measure or model the personal UVR exposure of people and often personal UVR exposure has been expressed as the percentage of ambient UVR. On the other hand, ambient UVR is being monitored at a variety of places and measurements are available even online. This suggests that both the knowledge of personal UVR exposure and measurements of ambient UVR is required. In this paper, a summary on the different methods, which use ambient UVR measurements to estimate personal UVR exposure of people, as well as a few examples, are given. Advantages and disadvantages will be discussed as well as possibilities and limitations. This also includes an overview of appropriate terminology, units and basic statistic parameters to describe personal UVR exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois W Schmalwieser
- Institute of Biophysics and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Lin MY, Lim LM, Tsai SP, Jian FX, Hwang SJ, Lin YH, Chiu YW. Low dose ultraviolet B irradiation at 308 nm with light-emitting diode device effectively increases serum levels of 25(OH)D. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2583. [PMID: 33510382 PMCID: PMC7844009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82216-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This animal study aimed to elucidate the relationship of low-dose, narrow-band UVB at 308 nm with vitamin D synthesis. C57BL/6 female mice, at 3 weeks-of-age, were randomly divided into the following six groups (n = 6 at each time point of vitamin D measurement), which were: (1) normal diet without UVB irradiation; (2) VDd diet without UVB irradiation; and (3)-(6) VDd diet with 308 nm-UVB irradiation of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μω/cm2, respectively. All of the groups needing UVB irradiation received an exposure of 10 min per day, five days per week, and a duration of 3-5 weeks. The mice recovering from severe VDd (plasma total 25-hydroxyvitamin D level increasing from approximately 3 to over 30 ng/mL) only occurred in groups with a UVB irradiation dosage of either 50 or 100 μω/cm2. The optimal, estimated dosage for mice to recover from severe VDd was 355 mJ/cm2 within 3 weeks. Low-dose, narrow-band UVB irradiation at 308 nm is effective in improving VDd in mice. The results obtained, in addition to the especially small side effects of the above UVB irradiation formula, could be further translated to treating VDd-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Lee Moay Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Ping Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Xuan Jian
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Jyh Hwang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, TzYou 1st Rd., Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Renal Care, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Kanatani KT, Nakayama T, Adachi Y, Hamazaki K, Onishi K, Konishi Y, Kawanishi Y, Go T, Sato K, Kurozawa Y, Inadera H, Konishi I, Sasaki S, Oyama H. High frequency of vitamin D deficiency in current pregnant Japanese women associated with UV avoidance and hypo-vitamin D diet. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213264. [PMID: 30830935 PMCID: PMC6398852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a consequence of indoor occupations and reduced exposure to sunlight, concerns have been raised that vitamin D deficiency is widespread in developed countries. Vitamin D is known to be associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality in various diseases. OBJECTIVE To investigate the serum vitamin D status and its relation with life-style factors in pregnant Japanese women. METHODS Among a cohort for 3,327 pregnant women who participated in an the adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study during 2011-2013, in which data were obtained on various life-style factors, including both dietary intake of vitamin D and frequency of UV exposure, this study consisted of 1,592 pregnant women, from whom 2,030 serum samples were drawn in Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct, and the association between serum 25(OH)D level and life-style factors were analyzed using linear mixed models. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels were less than 20ng/mL in 1,486 of 2,030 samples (73.2%). There was an obvious seasonal change, with serum 25(OH)D levels of less than 20 ng/mL in 89.8% and 47.8% of samples in spring (April) and autumn (October), respectively. Both the frequency spent under sunlight and dietary intake of vitamin D were significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D level. An increase in sunlight exposure of more than 15 min for 1 to 2 days per week in non-winter, or dietary intake of 2 μg/day of vitamin D resulted in an elevation of 1 ng/mL in serum 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that vitamin D deficiency is very severe in Japanese pregnant women, especially those rarely exposed to sunlight. The benefits of UV rays should also be informed of when its risk is alerted, and clinicians should propose the adequate UV exposure level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko T. Kanatani
- Kyoto Regional Centre for Japan Environment and Children’s Study, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takeo Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazunari Onishi
- Department of Public Health, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yukuo Konishi
- Doshisha University Center for Baby Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Tohshin Go
- Kyoto Regional Centre for Japan Environment and Children’s Study, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Kyoto Regional Centre for Japan Environment and Children’s Study, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hidekuni Inadera
- Department of Public Health, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ikuo Konishi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Oyama
- Department of Clinical Information Engineering Health Services Sciences, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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