1
|
Ebersole JL, Kirakodu SS, Nguyen LM, Gonzalez OA. Periodontitis-resistant and -susceptible matriline regulation of gingival transcriptome in nonhuman primates. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1171-1187. [PMID: 37638662 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This report identified if gingival gene expression transcriptomes demonstrated unique profiles that discriminated periodontitis-susceptible (PDS) and periodontitis-resistant (PDR) animals in health and disease. BACKGROUND Nonhuman primates generally organize their social groups based upon matriline origin. We have used a multi-generational colony of rhesus macaques to identify matrilines presenting with significant differences in periodontitis (e.g., earlier age onset, greater prevalence, and severity). METHODS Animals from 12 to 23 years of age (n = 17; 8 - PDR, 9 - PDS) were entered into a ligature-induced periodontitis trial. Gingival biopsies were taken at baseline and 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 months post-ligation, and microarray analysis was used to quantify gene expression in samples at each time point. RESULTS Over 1000 genes showed significant (p < .01) differences in the PDR versus PDS animals at baseline. The frequency of differences generally decreased during the disease process, and increased with resolution (i.e., 5 months). A nearly 2:1 ratio of elevated gene levels was noted in baseline PDR samples that included up-regulated MMPs, Fc receptors, chemokines, interleukins, and innate immune receptors, and down-regulated genes particularly related to epithelial biology. Most dramatically, there was a skewed differential expression of adaptive immune response genes in the PDR and epithelial cell structure/function genes in PDS samples. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate substantive differences in gingival tissue response capacity/programming in PDR and PDS samples that may contribute to the differences in clinical outcomes related to the heritability of disease risk through matrilines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - S S Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - L M Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - O A Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues RD, Araujo NS, Filho JMP, Vieira CLZ, Ribeiro DA, Dos Santos JN, Cury PR. Photodynamic therapy as adjunctive treatment of single-rooted teeth in patients with grade C periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103776. [PMID: 37657680 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the adjunctive effect of an antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) protocol on single-rooted teeth of patients with grade C periodontitis. METHODS Sixty-four single-rooted teeth (14 patients) were included in each group of this double-blinded split-mouth randomized clinical trial. The teeth were randomly divided into scaling and root planing + aPDT (test group) and scaling and root planing+sham aPDT (control group). The aPDT protocol consisted of incubation with 1% methylene blue for 5 min, rinsing, and application of a diode laser (wavelength of 660 nm, power of 100 mW) for 10 s. aPDT was repeated after 7 days. Bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded before and 3 months after treatment. A 5% significance level was adopted for statistical analysis. RESULTS Final PD was significantly (P = 0.02) lower in the test group (2.87 ± 1.40 mm) compared to control (3.12 ± 1.69 mm). The test group showed a significantly higher percentage of sites with PD≤4 mm and concomitant BoP compared to control (91%x86%;P < 0.001). At sites with baseline PD>4 mm, final PD and CAL were significantly (P = 0.01) lower in the test group (4.11 ± 1.66 and 4.89 ± 2.49 mm, respectively) compared to control (4.88 ± 1.99 and 5.89 ± 2.74 mm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS aPDT combined with scaling and root planning provided slightly better periodontal clinical results than the latter procedure alone, exerting a superior effect at sites with greater baseline PD. aPDT might be used as adjunctive treatment in grade C periodontitis affecting single-rooted teeth since it improves the response to conventional periodontal treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Drummond Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nara Santos Araujo
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP 4110-160, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jorge Moreira Pinto Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carolina Letícia Zilli Vieira
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Harvard T.H. Chan, 401 Park Dr Landmark Center West 420 Room, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Av. Ana Costa, 95 - Vila Mathias, CEP: 11060-001, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Patricia Ramos Cury
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Avenida Araújo Pinho, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araujo Pinho, 62, CEP: 4110-150 62, Canela 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song Y, Liu N, Gao L, Yang D, Liu J, Xie L, Dan H, Chen Q. Association between human herpes simplex virus and periodontitis: results from the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2014. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:675. [PMID: 37723536 PMCID: PMC10507957 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a common chronic oral disease which seriously affects people's quality of life. Although human herpes simplex virus (HSV) is also found in periodontal lesions, the association between HSV infection and periodontitis is unclear. METHODS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data for 2009-2010, 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 was combined, and the association between HSV infection and periodontitis in the general population and particular subgroups was investigated through weighted multi-logistic analyses. RESULTS There were 4,733 participants aged 30-50 years old with clinically assessed periodontitis concurrent with HSV infection. In general analysis, after adjusted for covariates, both HSV-1 (OR = 1.09, P < 0.001) and HSV-2 (OR = 1.06, P = 0.030) infection was significantly associated with periodontitis. In subgroup analyses, compared with patients without HSV infection, patients with HSV-1( +) & HSV-2( +) and HSV-1( +) & HSV-2(-) infection showed higher risk of periodontitis in all subgroups (OR = 1.15, OR = 1.09, P < 0.001), while patients with HSV-1(-) & HSV-2( +) infection showed higher risk of and periodontitis only in the subgroup of people aged 40-50 years (OR = 1.10, P = 0.032) and the Mexican-American subgroup (OR = 1.35, P = 0.042). When only severe periodontitis is considered, HSV infection was associated with periodontitis, no matter the patient was infected with either of the virus or both. CONCLUSIONS HSV-1 infection was significantly associated with periodontitis and severe periodontitis, while HSV-2 infection was associated with severe periodontitis, and periodontitis in 40-50-year-olds and Mexican-Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Periodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongxia Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stolf CS, Taiete T, Nascimento PAD, Paz HES, Sallum EA, Ruiz KGS, Casati MZ, Casarin RCV. Association of rs142548867 (EEFSEC) and periodontitis Grade C in a young Brazilian population. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230058. [PMID: 37466550 PMCID: PMC10356128 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis Stage III-IV, Grade C (PerioC) is a severe form of Periodontitis. The individual genetic background has been shown to be an important etiopathogenic factor for the development of this disease in young, systemically healthy, and non-smokers patients. Recently, after exome sequencing of families with a history of the disease, PerioC was associated with three single nucleotide variations (SNVs) - rs142548867 (EEFSEC), rs574301770 (ZNF136), and rs72821893 (KRT25) - which were classified as deleterious or possibly harmful by prediction algorithms. OBJECTIVE Seeking to validate these findings in a cohort evaluation, this study aims to characterize the allele and genotypic frequency of the SNVs rs142548867, rs574301770, and rs72821893 in the Brazilian population with PerioC and who were periodontally healthy (PH). METHODOLOGY Thus, epithelial oral cells from 200 PerioC and 196 PH patients were harvested at three distinct centers at the Brazilian Southern region, their DNA were extracted, and the SNVs rs142548867, rs574301770, rs72821893 were genotyped using 5'-nuclease allelic discrimination assay. Differences in allele and genotype frequencies were analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test. Only the SNV rs142548867 (C > T) was associated with PerioC. RESULTS The CT genotype was detected more frequently in patients with PerioC when compared with PH subjects (6% and 0.5% respectively), being significantly associated with PerioC (odds ratio 11.76, p=0.02). CONCLUSION rs142548867 represents a potential risk for the occurrence of this disease in the Brazilian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Schmidt Stolf
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - Tiago Taiete
- Universidade de Araras, Departamento de Odontologia, Araras, SP, Brasil
| | - Paloma A do Nascimento
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - Hélvis E S Paz
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - Enílson Antônio Sallum
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - Karina Gonzalez Silvério Ruiz
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - Márcio Zaffalon Casati
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
- Universidade Paulista, Departamento de Periodontia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Renato Corrêa Viana Casarin
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Casarin RCV, Salmon CR, Stolf CS, Paz HES, Rangel TP, Domingues RR, Pauletti BA, Paes-Leme AF, Araújo C, Santamaria MP, Ruiz KS, Monteiro MF. Salivary annexin A1: A candidate biomarker for periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:942-951. [PMID: 36935103 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the salivary proteomic profile of periodontitis-affected (PA) parents and their offspring to periodontally healthy (PH) dyads in the pursuit of possible biomarkers for early diagnosis of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unstimulated saliva samples collected from 17 pairs of PA or PH individuals and their children were submitted to mass spectrometric analyses followed by proteomic analyses. Primary PA fibroblasts were triggered towards having an inflammatory response, and an immunoenzymatic assay of its supernatant was performed to validate the obtained data. RESULTS ANXA1, KRT4, GSTP1, HPX, A2M and KRT13 were lower in PA parents and their children, and IGHG1, CSTB, KRT9, SMR3B, IGHG4 and SERPINA1 were higher. ANXA1 presented the highest fold change, 7.1 times less produced in children of PA parents, and was selected as a potential biomarker for periodontitis. The in vitro assay also showed lower ANXA1 production by cells of PA patients. CONCLUSION Before any clinical sign of periodontal loss, descendants of PA patients have an altered proteomic profile compared to PH individuals, presenting a lower abundance of ANXA1. This protein is suggested as a potential biomarker for periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renato C V Casarin
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R Salmon
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila S Stolf
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélvis E S Paz
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Rangel
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Romênia R Domingues
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca A Pauletti
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana F Paes-Leme
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassia Araújo
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro P Santamaria
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina S Ruiz
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mabelle F Monteiro
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zong Y, Wang X, Cui B, Xiong X, Wu A, Lin C, Zhang Y. Decoding the regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs in cellular metabolism and disease. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1562-1576. [PMID: 37113055 PMCID: PMC10277898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are being studied extensively in a variety of fields. Their roles in metabolism have received increasing attention in recent years but are not yet clear. The regulation of glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism is an imperative physiological process that occurs in living organisms and takes part in cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we summarize the important roles played by non-coding RNAs in glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, as well as the mechanisms involved. We also summarize the therapeutic advances for non-coding RNAs in diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and some metabolic diseases. Overall, non-coding RNAs are indispensable factors in metabolism and have a significant role in the three major metabolisms, which may be exploited as therapeutic targets in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Zong
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xuliang Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bing Cui
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaowei Xiong
- Department of Cardiology and Macrovascular Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Andrew Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunru Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yaohua Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ebersole JL, Kirakodu S, Gonzalez O. Differential oral microbiome in nonhuman primates from periodontitis-susceptible and periodontitis-resistant matrilines. Mol Oral Microbiol 2023; 38:93-114. [PMID: 35837817 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rhesus monkeys (n = 36) exhibiting a healthy periodontium at baseline were used to induce progressing periodontitis through ligature placement around premolar/molar teeth. Bacterial samples were collected at baseline, 0.5, 1, and 3 months of disease and at 5 months for disease resolution. The animals were distributed into two groups (18/group): 3-7 years (young) and 12-23 years (adult) and stratified based upon matriline susceptibility to periodontitis (PDS, susceptible; PDR, resistant). A total of 444 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 100 microbes representing a core microbiome present in ≥75% of the samples were identified. Only 48% of the major phylotypes overlapped in the PDS and PDR samples. Different OTU abundance patterns were seen in young animals from the PDS and PDR matrilines, with qualitative similarities during disease and the relative abundance of phylotypes becoming less diverse. In adults, 23 OTUs were increased during disease in PDS samples and 24 in PDR samples; however, only five were common between these groups. Greater diversity of OTU relative abundance at baseline was observed with adult compared to young oral samples from both the PDS and PDR groups. With disease initiation (2 weeks), less diversity of relative abundance and some distinctive increases in specific OTUs were noted. By 1 month, there was considerable qualitative homogeneity in the major OTUs in both groups; however, by 3 months, there was an exacerbation of both qualitative and quantitative differences in the dominant OTUs between the PDS and PDR samples. These results support that some differences in disease expression related to matriline (familial) periodontitis risk may be explained by microbiome features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Sreenatha Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Octovio Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Soltero-Rivera M, Vapniarsky N, Rivas IL, Arzi B. Clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of early-onset gingivitis and periodontitis in cats (1997-2022). J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X221148577. [PMID: 36651926 PMCID: PMC10812046 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221148577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterize the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of early-onset gingivitis (EOG) and periodontitis in cats. METHODS The medical records database was searched for cats diagnosed with histologically confirmed EOG or periodontitis from 1997 to 2022. Information such as medical history, lifestyle factors, clinical presentation, radiographic and histopathologic features were included for 27 client-owned cats. Response to treatment and long-term follow-up was also recorded. RESULTS Moderate-to-severe periodontal disease was radiographically confirmed in 78% (21/27) of cats with moderate-to-severe EOG, compared with the evidence of periodontal disease noted in 30% (8/27) of cases during awake oral examination. Horizontal bone loss, along with missing teeth, were the predominant radiographic features noted in 89% (24/27) of cases. The predominant histopathologic feature was moderate-to-severe, erosive-to-ulcerative, neutrophilic and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation with varying degrees of epithelial and stromal hyperplasia. Two cats developed feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS)-like lesions, and seven cats exhibited worsening of aggressive periodontitis (AP). Lack of improvement in the severity of gingivitis or clinical signs evident at the first follow-up appointment was significantly associated with progression of disease (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this study demonstrate the importance of oral evaluations in cats as early as 6 months of age. For cats exhibiting substantial gingivitis, an anesthetized evaluation, periodontal treatment and long-term monitoring are recommended. Given the high frequency of moderate-to-severe periodontitis encountered in these cats, clients should be informed about the potential need for tooth extractions. EOG may progress to AP. Finally, this study suggests that there could be a link between EOG and FCGS; however, further studies are needed to better characterize this condition and establish any potential link between the two entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Soltero-Rivera
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Iris L Rivas
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Animal Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu B, Wang CY. Osteoporosis and periodontal diseases - An update on their association and mechanistic links. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:99-113. [PMID: 35244945 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis and osteoporosis are prevalent inflammation-associated skeletal disorders that pose significant public health challenges to our aging population. Both periodontitis and osteoporosis are bone disorders closely associated with inflammation and aging. There has been consistent intrigue on whether a systemic skeletal disease such as osteoporosis will amplify the alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. A survey of the literature published in the past 25 years indicates that systemic low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with alveolar bone loss, while recent evidence also suggests a correlation between clinical attachment loss and other parameters of periodontitis. Inflammation and its influence on bone remodeling play critical roles in the pathogenesis of both osteoporosis and periodontitis and could serve as the central mechanistic link between these disorders. Enhanced cytokine production and elevated inflammatory response exacerbate osteoclastic bone resorption while inhibiting osteoblastic bone formation, resulting in a net bone loss. With aging, accumulation of oxidative stress and cellular senescence drive the progression of osteoporosis and exacerbation of periodontitis. Vitamin D deficiency and smoking are shared risk factors and may mediate the connection between osteoporosis and periodontitis, through increasing oxidative stress and impairing host response to inflammation. With the connection between systemic and localized bone loss in mind, routine dental exams and intraoral radiographs may serve as a low-cost screening tool for low systemic BMD and increased fracture risk. Conversely, patients with fracture risk beyond the intervention threshold are at greater risk for developing severe periodontitis and undergo tooth loss. Various Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies for osteoporosis have shown promising results for treating periodontitis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying their connection sheds light on potential therapeutic strategies that may facilitate co-management of systemic and localized bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Division of Regenerative and Constitutive Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Broad Stem Cell Research Center and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Stolf CS, Sacramento CM, Paz HES, Machado RA, Ramos LP, de Oliveira LD, Cogo-Müller K, Santamaria MP, Ruiz KGS, Casarin RCV. IL10 promoter rs6667202 polymorphism is functional in health but not in grade c periodontitis patients: A pilot study. J Periodontal Res 2021; 57:85-93. [PMID: 34611908 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated an association between the IL10 promoter rs6667202 (C > A) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and grade C, stage 3 or 4 periodontitis (Perio4C) in the Brazilian population, where the altered A allele was detected more frequently in these patients. However, no functional analysis of this variation has yet been performed. Thus, the objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate the functionality of rs6667202 in gingival fibroblasts (GFs) of individuals with Perio4C and with periodontal health (PH) stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetencomitans protein extract (AaPE). METHODS Patients with PH and Perio4C were segregated according to their genotype (AA, AC, or CC), and a biopsy was performed to establish the culture of the GFs. After GFs exposure to AaPE at 5 µg/ml for 1.5 h, RNA was extracted to analyze IL10 expression by qPCR. Aliquots of the cell's supernatant were subjected to immunoenzymatic analysis (MAGpix) to detect interleukin-10 (IL-10). RESULTS In PH, the genotypes AA and AC are related to less expression of IL10 (p = 0.027 and p < 0.0001) and less production of IL-10 (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001), when compared to CC. In Perio4C, there was no statistical difference between the genotypes (p > 0.05), although a lower IL-10 expression and release compared with PH CC was seen (p = 0.033 and p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The rs6667202 SNP is functional in PH, as it decreases the expression and production of IL-10. In Perio4C, other factors may be masking its action by altering the IL-10's response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila S Stolf
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Catharina M Sacramento
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Hélvis E S Paz
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Renato A Machado
- Oral Pathology Division, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Lucas P Ramos
- Microbiology and Immunology Division, Department of Biosciences and Oral Biopathology, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Luciane D de Oliveira
- Microbiology and Immunology Division, Department of Biosciences and Oral Biopathology, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Karina Cogo-Müller
- Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics Division, Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Mauro P Santamaria
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Karina G S Ruiz
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Renato C V Casarin
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Mediators of the initiation, development, and recurrence of periodontitis include the oral microbiome embedded in subgingival plaque and the host immune response to a dysbiosis within this dynamic and complex microbial community. Although mediators have been studied extensively, researchers in the field have been unable to fully ascribe certain clinical presentations of periodontitis to their nature. Emergence of high-throughput sequencing technologies has resulted in better characterization of the microbial oral dysbiosis that extends beyond the extensively studied putative bacterial periodontopathogens to a shift in the oral virome composition during disease conditions. Although the biological dark matter inserted by retroviruses was once believed to be nonfunctional, research has revealed that it encodes historical viral-eukaryotic interactions and influences host development. The objective of this review is to evaluate the proposed association of herpesviruses to the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease and survey the highly abundant prokaryotic viruses to delineate their potential roles in biofilm dynamics, as well as their interactions with putative bacterial periodontopathogens and eukaryotic cells. The findings suggest that potential novel periodontal therapies targeting or utilizing the oral virome can alleviate certain clinical presentations of periodontitis. Perhaps it is time to embrace the viral dark matter within the periodontal environment to fully comprehend the pathogenesis and systemic implications of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- April Martínez
- Orofacial Sciences DepartmentSchool of DentistryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ryutaro Kuraji
- Orofacial Sciences DepartmentSchool of DentistryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Life Science DentistryThe Nippon Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of PeriodontologyThe Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Orofacial Sciences DepartmentSchool of DentistryUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cho YD, Kim WJ, Ryoo HM, Kim HG, Kim KH, Ku Y, Seol YJ. Current advances of epigenetics in periodontology from ENCODE project: a review and future perspectives. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:92. [PMID: 33902683 PMCID: PMC8077755 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01074-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project has advanced our knowledge of the functional elements in the genome and epigenome. The aim of this article was to provide the comprehension about current research trends from ENCODE project and establish the link between epigenetics and periodontal diseases based on epigenome studies and seek the future direction. MAIN BODY Global epigenome research projects have emphasized the importance of epigenetic research for understanding human health and disease, and current international consortia show an improved interest in the importance of oral health with systemic health. The epigenetic studies in dental field have been mainly conducted in periodontology and have focused on DNA methylation analysis. Advances in sequencing technology have broadened the target for epigenetic studies from specific genes to genome-wide analyses. CONCLUSIONS In line with global research trends, further extended and advanced epigenetic studies would provide crucial information for the realization of comprehensive dental medicine and expand the scope of ongoing large-scale research projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dan Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Gee Kim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Young Ku
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
NETs Are Double-Edged Swords with the Potential to Aggravate or Resolve Periodontal Inflammation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122614. [PMID: 33291407 PMCID: PMC7762037 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a general term for diseases characterised by inflammatory destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, gradual destruction of the marginal periodontal ligament and resorption of alveolar bone. Early-onset periodontitis is due to disturbed neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and clearance. Indeed, mutations that inactivate the cysteine proteases cathepsin C result in the massive periodontal damage seen in patients with deficient NET formation. In contrast, exaggerated NET formation due to polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) hyper-responsiveness drives the pathology of late-onset periodontitis by damaging and ulcerating the gingival epithelium and retarding epithelial healing. Despite the gingival regeneration, periodontitis progression ends with almost complete loss of the periodontal ligament and subsequent tooth loss. Thus, NETs help to maintain periodontal health, and their dysregulation, either insufficiency or surplus, causes heavy periodontal pathology and edentulism.
Collapse
|
14
|
Monteiro MF, Casati MZ, Sallum EA, Silvério KG, Nociti-Jr FH, Casarin RCV. The familial trend of the local inflammatory response in periodontal disease. Oral Dis 2020; 28:202-209. [PMID: 33252790 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The imbalanced host response in front of a dysbiotic biofilm is one of the major aspects of severe periodontitis, which also presents a strong familial aggregation related to the susceptibility factors transmission within family members. This study hypothesized that aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) patients and their descendants could present a similar trend of a local inflammatory response that is different from healthy controls. METHODS Fifteen GAgP subjects and their children and fifteen healthy subjects and their children were clinically assessed, and the concentration of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was evaluated in the gingival fluid using the multiplexed bead immunoassay. RESULTS Children from the GAgP group presented lower IL-10 and IFN-γ subgingival concentration than Health children, despite no difference in the clinical parameters. GAgP parents showed a lower IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-6 than healthy subjects. IL-10/IL-1β and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios were reduced in GAgP dyads, suggesting a familial trend in the subgingival cytokine's profile. The cytokines correlated to the clinical data and were predictors of probing depth increase. CONCLUSION GAgP parents and their children presented a similar cytokine profile and an imbalance in the subgingival response characterized by decreased IFN-γ/IL-4 and IL10/IL-1β ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mabelle Freitas Monteiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Márcio Zaffalon Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Enilson Antonio Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Karina Gonzales Silvério
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Humberto Nociti-Jr
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Renato Corrêa Viana Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cobourne MT, Irving M, Seller A. Welcome to the new genomics: an introduction to the NHS Genomic Medicine Service for oral healthcare professionals. Br Dent J 2020; 229:682-686. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
16
|
Kaarthikeyan G, Jayakumar ND, Anand B. Association analysis of miR‐499 rs3746444 gene polymorphism with periodontitis. Int J Immunogenet 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/iji.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex disease: (a) various causative factors play a role simultaneously and interact with each other; and (b) the disease is episodic in nature, and bursts of disease activity can be recognized, ie, the disease develops and cycles in a nonlinear fashion. We recognize that various causative factors determine the immune blueprint and, consequently, the immune fitness of a subject. Normally, the host lives in a state of homeostasis or symbiosis with the oral microbiome; however, disturbances in homeostatic balance can occur, because of an aberrant host response (inherited and/or acquired during life). This imbalance results from hyper- or hyporesponsiveness and/or lack of sufficient resolution of inflammation, which in turn is responsible for much of the disease destruction seen in periodontitis. The control of this destruction by anti-inflammatory processes and proresolution processes limits the destruction to the tissues surrounding the teeth. The local inflammatory processes can also become systemic, which in turn affect organs such as the heart. Gingival inflammation also elicits changes in the ecology of the subgingival environment providing optimal conditions for the outgrowth of gram-negative, anaerobic species, which become pathobionts and can propagate periodontal inflammation and can further negatively impact immune fitness. The factors that determine immune fitness are often the same factors that determine the response to the resident biofilm, and are clustered as follows: (a) genetic and epigenetic factors; (b) lifestyle factors, such as smoking, diet, and psychosocial conditions; (c) comorbidities, such as diabetes; and (d) local and dental factors, as well as randomly determined factors (stochasticity). Of critical importance are the pathobionts in a dysbiotic biofilm that drive the viscious cycle. Focusing on genetic factors, currently variants in at least 65 genes have been suggested as being associated with periodontitis based on genome-wide association studies and candidate gene case control studies. These studies have found pleiotropy between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. Most of these studies point to potential pathways in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Also, most contribute to a small portion of the total risk profile of periodontitis, often limited to specific racial and ethnic groups. To date, 4 genetic loci are shared between atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis, ie, CDKN2B-AS1(ANRIL), a conserved noncoding element within CAMTA1 upstream of VAMP3, PLG, and a haplotype block at the VAMP8 locus. The shared genes suggest that periodontitis is not causally related to atherosclerotic diseases, but rather both conditions are sequelae of similar (the same?) aberrant inflammatory pathways. In addition to variations in genomic sequences, epigenetic modifications of DNA can affect the genetic blueprint of the host responses. This emerging field will yield new valuable information about susceptibility to periodontitis and subsequent persisting inflammatory reactions in periodontitis. Further studies are required to verify and expand our knowledge base before final cause and effect conclusions about the role of inflammation and genetic factors in periodontitis can be made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno G Loos
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas E Van Dyke
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Borilova Linhartova P, Danek Z, Deissova T, Hromcik F, Lipovy B, Szaraz D, Janos J, Fassmann A, Bartova J, Drizhal I, Izakovicova Holla L. Interleukin Gene Variability and Periodontal Bacteria in Patients with Generalized Aggressive Form of Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134728. [PMID: 32630798 PMCID: PMC7370291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Host genetic predispositions to dysregulated immune response can influence the development of the aggressive form of periodontitis (AgP) through susceptibility to oral dysbiosis and subsequent host-microbe interaction. This case-control study aimed to perform a multilocus analysis of functional variants in selected interleukin (IL) genes in patients with the generalized form of AgP in a homogenous population. Twelve polymorphisms in IL-1 gene cluster, IL-6 and its receptor, IL-10, IL-17A, and IL-18 were determined in 91 AgP patients and 210 controls. Analysis of seven selected periodontal bacteria in subgingival sulci/pockets was performed with a commercial DNA-microarray kit in a subgroup of 76 individuals. The pilot in vitro study included stimulation of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) from 20 individuals with periodontal bacteria and measurement of IL-10 levels using the Luminex method. Only the unctional polymorphism IL-10 −1087 A/G (rs1800896) and specific IL-10 haplotypes were associated with the development of the disease (p < 0.05, Pcorr > 0.05). Four bacterial species occurred more frequently in AgP than in controls (p < 0.01, Pcorr < 0.05). Elevated IL-10 levels were found in AgP patients, carriers of IL-10 −1087GG genotype, and PBMCs stimulated by periodontal bacteria (p < 0.05, Pcorr > 0.05). We therefore conclude that a combination of genetic predisposition to the altered expression of IL-10 and the presence of specific periodontal bacteria may contribute to Th1/Th2 balance disruption and AgP development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Borilova Linhartova
- Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.B.L.); (F.H.); (J.J.); (L.I.H.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.D.); (B.L.)
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Zdenek Danek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.D.); (B.L.)
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-532-232-484
| | - Tereza Deissova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.D.); (B.L.)
| | - Filip Hromcik
- Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.B.L.); (F.H.); (J.J.); (L.I.H.)
- Clinic of Stomatology, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Bretislav Lipovy
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.D.); (B.L.)
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Szaraz
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Janos
- Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.B.L.); (F.H.); (J.J.); (L.I.H.)
| | - Antonin Fassmann
- Clinic of Stomatology, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Jirina Bartova
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Karlovo nam. 554/32, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital, Karlovo nam. 554/32, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Drizhal
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Simkova 870, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lydie Izakovicova Holla
- Clinic of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.B.L.); (F.H.); (J.J.); (L.I.H.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (T.D.); (B.L.)
- Clinic of Stomatology, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Pekarska 664/53, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Divaris K, Moss K, Beck JD. Biologically informed stratification of periodontal disease holds the key to achieving precision oral health. J Periodontol 2020; 91 Suppl 1:S50-S55. [PMID: 32432812 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Medicine and dentistry need to treat the individual not the "average patient." This personalized or precision approach to health care involves correctly diagnosing and properly classifying people to effectively customize prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This is not a trivial undertaking. Achieving precision health requires making sense of big data, both at the population level and at the molecular level. The latter can include genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic data, and microbiome data. This biological information can augment established clinical measurements and supplement data on socioeconomic status, lifestyle, behaviors, and environmental conditions. Here, the central thesis is that, with sufficient data and appropriate methods, it is possible to segregate symptom-based and phenotypically based categories of patients into clinically and biologically similar groups. These groups are likely to have different clinical trajectories and benefit from different treatments. Additionally, such groups are optimal for investigations seeking to unveil the genomic basis of periodontal disease susceptibility. Analysis of these complex data to produce actionable and replicable health and disease categories requires appropriately sophisticated bioinformatics approaches and thorough validation in diverse patient samples and populations. Successful research programs will need to consider both population-level and well-controlled deep phenotyping approaches. Biologically informed stratification of periodontal disease is both feasible and desirable. Ultimately, this approach can accelerate the development of precision health through improvements in research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Divaris
- Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry and Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kevin Moss
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James D Beck
- Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang X, Li W, Xu L, Lu R, Meng H. The association of EGF rs2237051 variant, serum EGF levels and generalized aggressive periodontitis: a preliminary study. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9212. [PMID: 32477838 PMCID: PMC7243814 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a pro-inflammatory small peptide that stimulates cell growth, proliferation and differentiation through binding to its receptor. EGF rs2237051 and serum EGF levels have been demonstrated to be related with a variety of diseases, including several tumors and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association of the EGF rs2237051 variant and serum EGF levels in Chinese patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). Material and Methods A case-control study was conducted among 216 patients with GAgP and 138 healthy controls. The clinical parameters of plaque index, probing depth, attachment loss and bleeding index were recorded. The EGF rs2237051 polymorphism was genotyped using time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and serum EGF levels were determined. Logistic and linear regression models were used to investigate the association between the genotypes of EGF rs2237051, serum EGF levels and GAgP risk. Results The AA genotype of EGF rs2237051 showed higher risk for GAgP than the combined genotypes GG and AG (adjusted OR = 1.65, 95% CI [1.06–2.57]). Increased serum EGF levels were associated with GAgP (adjusted OR = 1.18, 95% CI [1.14–1.22]). Moreover, the serum EGF level for the AA genotype was significantly higher than that for the AG/GG genotypes in patients with GAgP (adjusted β = 4.70, 95% CI [2.09–7.31]). Conclusion We demonstrated that EGF rs2237051 variant and the increased level of serum EGF were associated with the risk of GAgP, the serum EGF was up-regulated in patients with GAgP. It was indicated that serum EGF might be a biomarker of GAgP and EGF rs2237051 may be related to the genetic background of GAgP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian'e Wang
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifang Lu
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bouziane A, Hamdoun R, Abouqal R, Ennibi O. Global prevalence of aggressive periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:406-428. [PMID: 32011029 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The prevalence of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) varies considerably between studies. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate, throughout the world, the prevalence of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, EBSCO and Cochrane library were systematically searched up to March 2018. Study selection criteria included cross-sectional studies reporting prevalence of AgP in non-specific population and permanent dentition. We assessed risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. A random effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of AgP. Publication bias was assessed by Begg and Egger's tests and visual aspect of funnel plot. RESULTS A total of 33 articles were included. Pooled prevalence for AgP was 1.6% (95% CI 1.1-2.3). Higher pooled prevalence rates were reported in Africa (4.2%, 95% CI 2.0-7.1) and South America (4.0%, 95% CI 0.9-9.1) compared with Europe (0.1%, 95% CI 0.1-0.2). A pooled prevalence of 1.2%, 95% CI 0.5-2.2 was found in Asia and 0.8%, 95% CI 0.4-1.4 in North America. Heterogeneity between groups was statistically significant (Q statistic p < .001). CONCLUSIONS A relatively high prevalence of AgP was found in Africa. However, the data support the weakness of the definition of this form of periodontal disease. Studies with less heterogeneity are needed to address accurately the prevalence of AgP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Bouziane
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Radia Hamdoun
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Redouane Abouqal
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Acute Medical Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Oumkeltoum Ennibi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
In this review we critically summarize the evidence base and the progress to date regarding the genomic basis of periodontal disease and tooth morbidity (ie, dental caries and tooth loss), and discuss future applications and research directions in the context of precision oral health and care. Evidence for these oral/dental traits from genome-wide association studies first emerged less than a decade ago. Basic and translational research activities in this domain are now under way by multiple groups around the world. Key departure points in the oral health genomics discourse are: (a) some heritable variation exists for periodontal and dental diseases; (b) the environmental component (eg, social determinants of health and behavioral risk factors) has a major influence on the population distribution but probably interacts with factors of innate susceptibility at the person-level; (c) sizeable, multi-ethnic, well-characterized samples or cohorts with high-quality measures on oral health outcomes and genomics information are required to make decisive discoveries; (d) challenges remain in the measurement of oral health and disease, with current periodontitis and dental caries traits capturing only a part of the health-disease continuum, and are little or not informed by the underlying biology; (e) the substantial individual heterogeneity that exists in the clinical presentation and lifetime trajectory of oral disease can be identified and leveraged in a precision medicine framework or, if unappreciated, can hamper translational efforts. In this review we discuss how composite or biologically informed traits may offer improvements over clinically defined ones for the genomic interrogation of oral diseases. We demonstrate the utility of the results of genome-wide association studies for the development and testing of a genetic risk score for severe periodontitis. We conclude that exciting opportunities lie ahead for improvements in the oral health of individual patients and populations via advances in our understanding of the genomic basis of oral health and disease. The pace of new discoveries and their equitable translation to practice will largely depend on investments in the education and training of the oral health care workforce, basic and population research, and sustained collaborative efforts..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Morelli
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
| | - Cary S. Agler
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
| | - Kimon Divaris
- Department of Pediatric DentistrySchool of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
- Department of EpidemiologyGillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Triclosan toothpaste as an adjunct therapy to plaque control in children from periodontitis families: a crossover clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:1421-1430. [PMID: 31907625 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies have demonstrated that children from aggressive periodontitis (AgP) parents presented precocious alterations in their periodontal condition, and the use of chemical agents in association to plaque control could be useful to control these alterations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Triclosan toothpaste to modulate the clinical and subgingival condition in children from AgP parents. METHODS Fifteen children from AgP parents and 15 from periodontally healthy parents were included in this crossover placebo study. Children were randomly allocated into triclosan or placebo therapy, using selected toothpaste for 45 days. After 15 days of wash-out, groups were crossed, changing the used toothpaste. Clinical examination and saliva, crevicular gingival fluid (GCF), and subgingival biofilm collection were performed at baseline and 45 days of each phase. GCF cytokines' levels were analyzed by Luminex/MAGpix platform and subgingival and salivary periodontal pathogens' levels by qPCR. RESULTS At baseline, AgP group presented higher plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BoP), higher Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) abundance in saliva and subgingival biofilm, and lower levels of INF-ɣ, IL-4, and IL-17 in GCF. Placebo therapy only reduced PI in both groups. Triclosan toothpaste reduced PI and GI in both groups. Triclosan promoted reduction of BoP and probing depth (PD), Aa salivary, and IL-1β levels in AgP group. In health group, triclosan reduced INF-ɣ and IL-4 concentration. CONCLUSION Triclosan toothpaste demonstrated to be more effective than placebo toothpaste to control the periodontal condition in children from AgP parents, by reducing the BoP, PD, salivary Aa, and IL-1β. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Triclosan toothpaste can improve oral conditions in higher-risk population for AgP. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT03642353.
Collapse
|
24
|
Harris TH, Wallace MR, Huang H, Li H, Mohiuddeen A, Gong Y, Kompotiati T, Harrison P, Aukhil I, Shaddox LM. Association of P2RX7 functional variants with localized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:32-40. [PMID: 31292966 PMCID: PMC8018522 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate involvement of the P2X7 receptor in the rare condition, localized aggressive periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral blood from 220 African Americans (103 with localized aggressive periodontitis and 117 healthy unrelated controls) was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide from E coli and Porphyromonas gingivalis. P2RX7 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs208294 (H155Y), rs1718119 (T348A), rs2230911 (T357S) and rs3751143 (E496A) were genotyped in 103 localized aggressive periodontitis patients and 117 healthy unrelated subjects. We examined genetic association between four P2RX7 single nucleotide polymorphisms and localized aggressive periodontitis, and tested for correlations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms and inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide in blood samples from these patients. RESULTS A significant association with localized aggressive periodontitis was observed with rs1718119 A (Thr) allele (P = 0.0063, odds ratio = 1.904) and with a haplotype containing this allele (P = 0.0075). Additionally, significant correlations with these data were found: the rs1718119 G allele correlated with greater production of IL-6, IL-2 and GM-CSF; the C (His) allele of rs208294 correlated with lower levels of IL-12p40; and the C (Thr) allele of rs2230911 correlated with greater levels of G-CSF. CONCLUSION The data from these analyses support a possible biological relationship between P2RX7 genetic variants and inflammatory response in localized aggressive periodontitis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore H. Harris
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Margaret R. Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Azeem Mohiuddeen
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Theodora Kompotiati
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Peter Harrison
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Luciana M. Shaddox
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Division of Periodontology, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
AlGhamdi A, Almarghlani A, Alyafi R, Ibraheem W, Assaggaf M, Howait M, Alsofi L, Banjar A, Al-Zahrani M, Kayal R. Prevalence of periodontitis in high school children in Saudi Arabia: a national study. Ann Saudi Med 2020; 40:7-14. [PMID: 32026714 PMCID: PMC7012028 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2020.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of periodontitis is rather infrequent in children and adolescence and increases with age. We conducted this study because there have been few epidemiological studies on prevalence of periodontitis in children in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE Determine the prevalence of periodontitis in high school children in Saudi Arabia. DESIGN Cross-sectional, using cluster and multistage sampling. SETTING High school children in Saudi Arabia. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Periodontal examinations were conducted on a randomized sample of high school children between the ages 15 to 19 in Saudi Arabia. The study spanned from September 2012 to January 2016. Clinical examinations included measurements of the probing depth (PD) percentage of PD ≥4 mm per patient. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The prevalence of periodontitis (PD ≥4 mm and CAL ≥1 mm), the mean percentage PD ≥4 mm, the mean percentage CAL ≥1 mm, plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI). SAMPLE SIZE 2435 high school students. RESULTS Of 2435 high school children in the sample, 209 students (8.6%) had periodontitis. The mean (standard deviation) for the PD was 0.59 (0.17) mm. Differences in percentage PD ≥4 mm and CAL ≥1 mm were greater in students with periodontitis ( P<.001). The prevalence of periodontitis was higher among non-Saudis, students who did not brush their teeth and did not visit their dentist regularly. In the bivariate analysis, periodontitis was positively associated with GI, PI, number of teeth extracted, mean percentage PD ≥4 mm, and mean PD. However, in the multivariate analysis, tooth brushing was the main factor protective against periodontitis (odds ratio: 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.92, P=.017). CONCLUSION Periodontitis prevalence was high compared with Western countries in a nationally representative sample of high school students in Saudi Arabia. LIMITATIONS Partial mouth study design, which may underestimate the disease prevalence. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali AlGhamdi
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Almarghlani
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rusha Alyafi
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Ibraheem
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Assaggaf
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Howait
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Loai Alsofi
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Banjar
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al-Zahrani
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayyan Kayal
- From the Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Albandar JM, Susin C, Hughes FJ. Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 45 Suppl 20:S171-S189. [PMID: 29926486 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review proposes case definitions and diagnostic considerations of systemic disorders and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus. IMPORTANCE Periodontal diseases and certain systemic disorders share similar genetic and/or environmental etiological factors, and affected patients may show manifestations of both diseases. Characterizing these diseases and the nature of the association between them could have important diagnostic value and therapeutic implications for patients. FINDINGS Numerous systemic disorders and certain medications can affect the periodontal attachment apparatus and cause loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone. Although many of these disorders are rare or uncommon, they often cause significant loss of periodontal tissue by influencing periodontal inflammation or through mechanisms distinct from periodontitis. Most of these disorders are due to innate mechanisms and some are acquired via environmental factors or lifestyle. Several disorders affect periodontal inflammation through alterations in the host immune response to periodontal infection; others cause defects in the gingiva or periodontal connective tissue, instigate metabolic changes in the host that affect various tissues of the periodontal apparatus, or operate by other mechanisms. For some systemic disorders that are more common, their contribution to the loss of periodontal tissue is modest, while for others, contribution is not supported by clear evidence. Few systemic medications are associated with increased loss of periodontal tissue, and these are typically medications used in the treatment of malignancies. CONCLUSIONS This review identifies systemic diseases and conditions that can affect the periodontal attachment apparatus and cause loss of periodontal supporting tissues and, where possible, presents case definitions for these. Many of these diseases are associated with a profound loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone, and for some of these disorders the periodontal manifestations may be among the first signs of the disease. These case definitions may be useful in the early diagnosis of these diseases and may contribute to an improvement in the management of periodontal manifestations and improve the quality of life for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasim M Albandar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cristiano Susin
- Department of Periodontics, Augusta University Dental College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Francis J Hughes
- Unit of Periodontology, Dental Institute, Kings College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Taiete T, Casati MZ, Martins L, Andia DC, Mofatto LS, Coletta RD, Monteiro MF, Araújo CF, Santamaria MP, Corrêa MG, Sallum EA, Nociti FH, Casarin RC. Novel rare frameshift variation in aggressive periodontitis: Exomic and familial-screening analysis. J Periodontol 2019; 91:263-273. [PMID: 31373687 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive periodontitis (AgP), currently periodontitis grade C, presents early onset, rapid progression, and a poorly established genetic association. Thus, this study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with AgP via whole exome sequencing (WES) through a familial screening approach. METHODS WES was performed in two nuclear families, including a proband and a parent affected by AgP and an unaffected parent and sibling. Common variants among affected individuals, excluding those common to healthy people, from each family, composed the data set associated with AgP. In silico analysis evaluated the impact of each variant on protein structure and protein-protein interactions. Moreover, identified deleterious variants were validated in a populational analysis (n = 96). RESULTS The missense single nucleotide variations (SNVs) rs142548867 in EEFSEC (c.668C>T), rs574301770 in ZNF136 (c.466C>G), and rs72821893 in KRT25 (c.800G>A) and the frameshift indels rs37146475 in GPRC6A (c.2323-2324insT) and c.1366_1372insGGAGCAG in ELN were identified in AgP and have a predicted functional impact on proteins. In silico analysis indicated that the indel in GPRC6A generates a loss of the C-terminal tail of the Gprca protein. Furthermore, this SNV was significantly associated with AgP in a population-based investigation. CONCLUSION Novel frameshift variation in GPRC6A (c.2323-2324insT) was identified as a potential genetic alteration associated with AgP occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Taiete
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Dentistry, University of Araras, Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Z Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Periodontics, Paulista University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Martins
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Denise C Andia
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana S Mofatto
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Genomic and Expression Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mabelle F Monteiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cássia F Araújo
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Mauro P Santamaria
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Mônica G Corrêa
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Enilson A Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato C Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ababneh KT, Maslamani MJ, Abbadi MS, Taha AH, Karasneh JA, Sa'di AG, Khader YS. Risk indicators of aggressive periodontitis in a Jordanian population. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:155. [PMID: 31311530 PMCID: PMC6636008 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of the risk indicators of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) will help clinicians to better diagnose the disease, put a treatment plan that involves modification of modifiable risk indicators, understand non-modifiable risk indicators, and may potentially serve as an aid in developing preventive programs. The objective of the present study was to assess risk indicators of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) in Jordan including socio-demographic factors, oral hygiene habits, smoking, family history and parents' consanguinity. METHODS A total of 162 patients (81 AgP and 81 controls), attending the Periodontology clinic at Jordan University of Science and Technology, Dental Teaching Centre, were interviewed and examined. All AgP subjects had full periodontal and radiographic examination. The data recorded included socio-demographic and economic variables, oral hygiene and smoking habits, family history and parents' consanguinity. RESULTS Most AgP patients were young females, had ≤12 years of education, lived in urban areas and brushed their teeth ≥ once daily. Risk indicators of AgP included: age > 35 years, female gender and positive family history. CONCLUSIONS Risk indicators associated with AgP in this study population were: age > 35 years, female gender and positive family history of periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khansa T Ababneh
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Previous Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | | | - Anas H Taha
- Private practice, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jumana A Karasneh
- Oral Medicine, and Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Oral surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, and Faculty of Science and Art, Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Amani G Sa'di
- Jordanian Food and Drug administration, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yousef S Khader
- Community Medicine & Public Health, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Artzi Z, Sudri S, Platner O, Kozlovsky A. Regeneration of the Periodontal Apparatus in Aggressive Periodontitis Patients. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:E29. [PMID: 30857253 PMCID: PMC6473354 DOI: 10.3390/dj7010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare, retrospectively, the outcome of two different periodontal regeneration procedures in patients suffering from aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with AgP, suffering from several intra-bony defects (IBD); that were treated by one of two periodontal regeneration techniques randomly assigned to each patient: a. guided tissue regeneration (GTR) or b. an application of extracted enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) combined with demineralized bone xenograft particles (DBX). Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession were recorded. Pre-treatment and follow-up (up to 10 years from the surgery) recordings were analyzed statistically within and between groups. A significant reduction was shown at time on PPD and CAL values, however, not between subject groups. CAL values decreased in all sites. At the EMD group (44 sites), CAL gain was 1.92 mm (±1.68) from pre-treatment to follow-up (p < 0.001) and at the GTR group (12 sites) CAL gain of 2.27 (±1.82) mm. In conclusion, 1⁻10 years observations have shown that surgical treatment of AgP patients by either GTR or by application of EMD/DBX results in similar successful clinical results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zvi Artzi
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69979, Israel.
| | - Shiran Sudri
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69979, Israel.
| | - Ori Platner
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69979, Israel.
| | - Avital Kozlovsky
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69979, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Leite FRM, Enevold C, Bendtzen K, Baelum V, López R. Pattern recognition receptor polymorphisms in early periodontitis. J Periodontol 2018; 90:647-654. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio R. M. Leite
- Section of PeriodontologyDepartment of Dentistry and Oral HealthFaculty of Health SciencesAarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Christian Enevold
- Institute for Inflammation ResearchCenter for Rheumatology and Spine DiseasesCopenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Klaus Bendtzen
- Institute for Inflammation ResearchCenter for Rheumatology and Spine DiseasesCopenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Vibeke Baelum
- Section of Epidemiology and Public HealthDepartment of Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Health SciencesAarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Rodrigo López
- Section of PeriodontologyDepartment of Dentistry and Oral HealthFaculty of Health SciencesAarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lack of association between the toll-like receptor 4 gene c.896A > G polymorphism and the predisposition to periodontal disease: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
32
|
Gonçalves-Anjo N, Leite-Pinheiro F, Ribeiro R, Requicha JF, Lourenço AL, Dias I, Viegas C, Bastos E. Toll-like receptor 9 gene in Periodontal Disease - A promising biomarker. Gene 2018; 687:207-211. [PMID: 30465884 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal Disease is an infectious and inflammatory disorder triggered mainly by periodontopathogenic bacteria, however, as a multifactorial disease, several factors modulate its progression, namely, genetic factors. Toll-like receptors (TLR) recognize molecular patterns present in pathogens and trigger an immune response against them. Thus, sequences variants in TLR genes seem to have the potential to modify the predisposition to Periodontal Disease and its progression. Based on this fact, TLR9 gene were analysed in a case-control study. DNA was obtained from 90 dogs (50 control and 40 cases) and a fragment of TLR9 gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced. The variants were identified by comparison with the dog wild type sequences. Our results suggest that rs375556098 and rs201959275 polymorphisms in the TLR9 gene are good candidates to become biomarkers of the canine predisposition to Periodontal Disease. It's important to notice that these polymorphic sites exist in Human exactly in the same codon. Since the dog is the best animal model to replicate the pathophysiological mechanisms of human Periodontal Disease, these results can potentially be extrapolated to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Gonçalves-Anjo
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Leite-Pinheiro
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions Group, i3S/INEB Institute for Research and Innovation in Health/Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory of Genetics & ISAMB, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Clinical Pathology, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Filipe Requicha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Centre of the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B's Research Group, PT Government Associated Laboratory - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Department of Polymer Engineering, AvePark - Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Lourenço
- Department of Animal Science, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isabel Dias
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Centre of the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B's Research Group, PT Government Associated Laboratory - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Department of Polymer Engineering, AvePark - Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Carlos Viegas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Centre of the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B's Research Group, PT Government Associated Laboratory - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Department of Polymer Engineering, AvePark - Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Estela Bastos
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Centre of the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bonner M, Fresno M, Gironès N, Guillén N, Santi-Rocca J. Reassessing the Role of Entamoeba gingivalis in Periodontitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:379. [PMID: 30420943 PMCID: PMC6215854 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The protozoan Entamoeba gingivalis resides in the oral cavity and is frequently observed in the periodontal pockets of humans and pets. This species of Entamoeba is closely related to the human pathogen Entamoeba histolytica, the agent of amoebiasis. Although E. gingivalis is highly enriched in people with periodontitis (a disease in which inflammation and bone loss correlate with changes in the microbial flora), the potential role of this protozoan in oral infectious diseases is not known. Periodontitis affects half the adult population in the world, eventually leads to edentulism, and has been linked to other pathologies, like diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. As aging is a risk factor for the disorder, it is considered an inevitable physiological process, even though it can be prevented and cured. However, the impact of periodontitis on the patient's health and quality of life, as well as its economic burden, are underestimated. Commonly accepted models explain the progression from health to gingivitis and then periodontitis by a gradual change in the identity and proportion of bacterial microorganisms in the gingival crevices. Though not pathognomonic, inflammation is always present in periodontitis. The recruitment of leukocytes to inflamed gums and their passage to the periodontal pocket lumen are speculated to fuel both tissue destruction and the development of the flora. The individual contribution to the disease of each bacterial species is difficult to establish and the eventual role of protozoa in the fate of this disease has been ignored. Following recent scientific findings, we discuss the relevance of these data and propose that the status of E. gingivalis be reconsidered as a potential pathogen contributing to periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bonner
- International Institute of Periodontology Victoriaville, QC, Canada
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Gironès
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Guillén
- Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS-ERL9195, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kumar S. Evidence-Based Update on Diagnosis and Management of Gingivitis and Periodontitis. Dent Clin North Am 2018; 63:69-81. [PMID: 30447793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This article is an overview to update the practicing general dental practitioner about clinically relevant evidence-based topics published in the recent past in the diagnosis, etiopathogenesis, and management of gingivitis and periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- A.T. Still University, Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health, 5855 E Still Circle, Mesa, AZ 85296, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Taiete T, Casati MZ, Stolf CS, Corrêa MG, Santamaria MP, Andere NMRB, Coletta RD, Sallum EA, Nociti Júnior FH, Silvério KG, Casarin RCV. Validation of reported GLT6D1
(rs1537415), IL10
(rs6667202), and ANRIL
(rs1333048) single nucleotide polymorphisms for aggressive periodontitis in a Brazilian population. J Periodontol 2018; 90:44-51. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Taiete
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics; Periodontics Division; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Marcio Zaffalon Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics; Periodontics Division; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
- Department of Periodontics; Paulista University; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Camila Schmidt Stolf
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics; Periodontics Division; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Pedrine Santamaria
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry; State University of São Paulo (UNESP); São José dos Campos Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas, Piracicaba; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Enilson Antonio Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics; Periodontics Division; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Francisco Humberto Nociti Júnior
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics; Periodontics Division; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Karina Gonzales Silvério
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics; Periodontics Division; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Renato Corrêa Viana Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics; Periodontics Division; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen HW, Zhou W, Liao Y, Hu SC, Chen TL, Song ZC. Analysis of metabolic profiles of generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:894-901. [PMID: 29974463 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The specific pathogenesis of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) has not yet been clarified, and few studies have focused on the association between GAgP and metabolomics. To elucidate the roles of metabolic profiles in the status of GAgP, this study aimed to identify the differential metabolic profiles between patients with GAgP and healthy controls using an untargeted metabolomic profiling method. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from healthy controls (n = 20) and patients with GAgP (n = 20) in this cross-sectional study. The relative levels of biomarkers in the samples were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Principal components analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis were used for statistical analysis. Metabolites were analysed qualitatively using the FiehnLib and NIST databases. Full-mouth probing depth and clinical attachment loss were recorded as indexes of periodontal disease. RESULTS A total of 349 metabolites were qualitatively detected in the gingival crevicular fluid samples, and 200 metabolites were detected in the serum samples. Compared with healthy controls, patients with GAgP showed significant increases in serum urea and allo-inositol levels. In contrast, glutathione, 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, adipic acid and 2-deoxyguanosine levels were decreased in patients with GAgP. In the gingival crevicular fluid samples, noradrenaline, uridine, α-tocopherol, dehydroascorbic acid, xanthine, galactose, glucose-1-phosphate and ribulose-5-phosphate levels were increased in patients with GAgP, while thymidine, glutathione and ribose-5-phosphate levels were decreased. CONCLUSION The metabolomics analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is an effective and minimally non-invasive way to differentiate the metabolites characteristic of patients with GAgP. Both serum and gingival crevicular fluid metabolomics are significantly different between patients with GAgP and healthy controls. These metabolic profiles have great potential in detecting GAgP and helping to understand its underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H W Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - W Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Liao
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - S C Hu
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - T L Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Z C Song
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Çalışır M. Consanguinity increases the risk for aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:902-909. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Çalışır
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Adiyaman University; Adiyaman Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Albandar JM, Susin C, Hughes FJ. Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations. J Periodontol 2018; 89 Suppl 1:S183-S203. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.16-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasim M. Albandar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology; Temple University School of Dentistry; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Cristiano Susin
- Department of Periodontics; Augusta University Dental College of Georgia; Augusta GA USA
| | - Francis J. Hughes
- Unit of Periodontology; Dental Institute; Kings College London; London UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Aarabi G, Zeller T, Heydecke G, Munz M, Schäfer A, Seedorf U. Roles of the Chr.9p21.3 ANRIL Locus in Regulating Inflammation and Implications for Anti-Inflammatory Drug Target Identification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:47. [PMID: 29868613 PMCID: PMC5968182 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis (PD) is a common gingival infectious disease caused by an over-aggressive inflammatory reaction to dysbiosis of the oral microbiome. The disease induces a profound systemic inflammatory host response, that triggers endothelial dysfunction and pro-thrombosis and thus may aggravate atherosclerotic vascular disease and its clinical complications. Recently, a risk haplotype at the ANRIL/CDKN2B-AS1 locus on chromosome 9p21.3, that is not only associated with coronary artery disease / myocardial infarction (CAD/MI) but also with PD, could be identified by genome-wide association studies. The locus encodes ANRIL - a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) which, like other lncRNAs, regulates genome methylation via interacting with specific DNA sequences and proteins, such as DNA methyltranferases and polycomb proteins, thereby affecting expression of multiple genes by cis and trans mechanisms. Here, we describe ANRIL regulated genes and metabolic pathways and discuss implications of the findings for target identification of drugs with potentially anti-inflammatory activity in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Aarabi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg (UHZ), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Heydecke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Munz
- Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Arne Schäfer
- Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Udo Seedorf
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
CCR5Δ32 (rs333) polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of chronic and aggressive periodontitis: A case-control analysis based in disease resistance and susceptibility phenotypes. Cytokine 2017; 103:142-149. [PMID: 28969941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic and aggressive periodontitis are infectious diseases characterized by the irreversible destruction of periodontal tissues, which is mediated by the host inflammatory immune response triggered by periodontal infection. The chemokine receptor CCR5 play an important role in disease pathogenesis, contributing to pro-inflammatory response and osteoclastogenesis. CCR5Δ32 (rs333) is a loss-of-function mutation in the CCR5 gene, which can potentially modulate the host response and, consequently periodontitis outcome. Thus, we investigated the effect of the CCR5Δ32 mutation over the risk to suffer periodontitis in a cohort of Brazilian patients (total N=699), representative of disease susceptibility (chronic periodontitis, N=197; and aggressive periodontitis, N=91) or resistance (chronic gingivitis, N=193) phenotypes, and healthy subjects (N=218). Additionally, we assayed the influence of CCR5Δ32 in the expression of the biomarkers TNFα, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6, IFN-γ and T-bet, and key periodontal pathogens P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola. In the association analysis of resistant versus susceptible subjects, CCR5Δ32 mutant allele-carriers proved significantly protected against chronic (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.29-0.83; p-value 0.01) and aggressive (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.22-0.94; p-value 0.03) periodontitis. Further, heterozygous subjects exhibited significantly decreased expression of TNFα in periodontal tissues, pointing to a functional effect of the mutation in periodontal tissues during the progression of the disease. Conversely, no significant changes were observed in the presence or quantity of the periodontal pathogens P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola in the subgingival biofilm that could be attributable to the mutant genotype.
Collapse
|
41
|
Shaddox LM, Mullersman AF, Huang H, Wallet SM, Langaee T, Aukhil I. Epigenetic regulation of inflammation in localized aggressive periodontitis. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:94. [PMID: 28883894 PMCID: PMC5581417 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously demonstrated a Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated hyper-responsive phenotype in our cohort of localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) individuals. However, mechanisms related to this phenotype are still not clear in the literature. The objective of this cross-sectional study is to examine the role of epigenetic regulation, specifically DNA methylation status of genes in the TLR pathway in this cohort. Peripheral blood was collected from 20 LAP patients and 20 healthy unrelated controls. Whole blood was stimulated with 1 μl (100 ng/μl) of purified Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h and cyto/chemokines in the supernatants analyzed by Luminex multiplex assays. Genomic DNA extracted from buffy coats prepared from a second tube of whole blood was used for DNA methylation analysis by pyrosequencing of seven TLR signaling genes (FADD, MAP3K7, MYD88, IL6R, PPARA, IRAK1BP1, RIPK2). Results Significant differences in the methylation status were observed at specific CpG positions in LAP patients compared to healthy controls and interestingly also between severe and moderate LAP. Specifically, subjects with moderate LAP presented hypermethylation of both the upregulating (MAP3K7, MYD88, IL6R, and RIPK2) and downregulating (FADD, IRAK, and PPARA) genes, while severe LAP presented hypomethylation of these genes. Further analysis on CpG sites with significant differences in methylation status correlates with an increased pro-inflammatory cytokine profile for LAP patients. Conclusions Our findings suggest that epigenetic modifications of genes in the TLR pathway may orchestrate the thresholds for balancing induction and prevention of tissue destruction during the course of disease, and thus differ significantly at different stages of the disease, where moderate LAP shows hypermethylation and severe LAP shows hypomethylation of several genes. Trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01330719
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M Shaddox
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100434, Gainesville, FL 32610-0434 USA.,Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - A F Mullersman
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100434, Gainesville, FL 32610-0434 USA
| | - H Huang
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100434, Gainesville, FL 32610-0434 USA
| | - S M Wallet
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - T Langaee
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - I Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 100434, Gainesville, FL 32610-0434 USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gunpinar S, Alptekin NO, Ucar VB, Acar H. Frequency of MCP-1 (rs1024611) and CCR2 (rs1799864) gene polymorphisms and its effect on gene expression level in patients with AgP. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 80:209-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
43
|
Sudo T, Okada Y, Ozaki K, Urayama K, Kanai M, Kobayashi H, Gokyu M, Izumi Y, Tanaka T. Association of NOD2 Mutations with Aggressive Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2017; 96:1100-1105. [PMID: 28682159 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517715432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is characterized by rapid alveolar bone destruction and tooth loss early in life, and its etiology remains unclear. To explore the genetic risk factors of AgP, we performed genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping for identity-by-descent mapping and identified 32 distinct candidate loci, followed by whole exome sequencing with 2 pedigrees of AgP consisting of 3 cases and 1 control in 1 family and 2 sibling cases in the other. After variant filtering procedures and validation by targeted Sanger sequencing, we identified 2 missense mutations at 16q12 in NOD2 (p.Ala110Thr and p.Arg311Trp), which encodes nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2. We further examined 94 genetically unrelated AgP patients by targeted sequencing of NOD2 and found that 2 patients among them also carried the p.Arg311Trp variant. Furthermore, we found 3 additional missense mutations in this gene (p.His370Tyr, p.Arg459Cys, and p.Ala868Thr). These mutations either had not been previously observed or are extremely rare (frequency <0.001) in Asian populations. NOD2 plays a crucial role in innate immunity as an intracellular receptor initiating nuclear factor κB-dependent and mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent gene transcription. These results demonstrated NOD2 as a novel gene involved in AgP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Sudo
- 1 Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,2 Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Okada
- 1 Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,3 Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Ozaki
- 4 Laboratory for Medical Genome Sciences, Medical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.,5 Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Urayama
- 1 Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,6 Center for Clinical Epidemiology, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Kanai
- 1 Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kobayashi
- 2 Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Gokyu
- 2 Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Izumi
- 2 Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- 1 Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,7 Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Aarabi G, Zeller T, Seedorf H, Reissmann D, Heydecke G, Schaefer A, Seedorf U. Genetic Susceptibility Contributing to Periodontal and Cardiovascular Disease. J Dent Res 2017; 96:610-617. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034517699786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are common diseases characterized by an overaggressive inflammatory response to diverse stimuli. Whereas PD leads to destruction of the tooth-supporting structures, CAD is a chronic inflammatory condition ultimately causing myocardial infarction via narrowing and occluding of blood vessels. Classical twin studies led to the conclusion that both complex diseases have a similar degree of heritability and that a significant fraction of the genetic factors accounting for this heritability is shared. Recent genome-wide association and large-scale candidate gene studies highlight that variations in >50 genes are associated with premature CAD, while variations in only 4 genes showing nominally significant associations with aggressive periodontitis and/or chronic periodontitis have so far been identified. Remarkably, 3 of the PD loci (75%) show shared associations with CAD ( ANRIL/CDKN2B-AS1, PLG, CAMTA1/VAMP3), suggesting involvement of common pathogenic mechanisms. In this critical review, we highlight recent progress in identifying genetic markers and variants associated with PD, present their overlap with CAD, and discuss functional aspects. In addition, we answer why a significant fraction of the heritability of PD is still missing, and we suggest approaches that may be taken to close the gap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Aarabi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T. Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - H. Seedorf
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D.R. Reissmann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - G. Heydecke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A.S. Schaefer
- Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Research Center ImmunoSciences, Berlin, Germany
| | - U. Seedorf
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Salivary Periostin Levels in Non-Smoker Subjects With Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis : Periostin Levels in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis. Inflammation 2017; 39:986-93. [PMID: 26931107 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein functioning as an important structural mediator and adhesion molecule, has been shown to be an important regulator of connective tissue integrity. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of periostin in chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) compared to non-periodontitis (NP). Individuals were submitted to gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva sampling. Periodontal examination consisted of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL) measurements. Assays for periostin were performed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Periodontitis patients presented more severe clinical indices compared to the NP group (p < 0.001). The mean GCF level of periostin was lowest in the AgP group as compared to the other groups and was lower in the CP group as compared to the NP group (p < 0.001). Increased levels of periostin were observed in the saliva of patients with AgP as compared to the CP and NP groups (p < 0.05). There was a negative relationship between GCF periostin levels and clinical parameters (p < 0.01), whereas a positive correlation was observed between salivary periostin levels and full-mouth GI and CAL scores (p < 0.01). To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating periostin levels in GCF and saliva in aggressive periodontitis. The results suggest that subjects with CP and AgP exhibit a different periostin profile. Periostin in GCF may have a protective role against periodontal disease. Furthermore, salivary periostin concentrations may have a promising diagnostic potential for the aggressive forms of periodontal disease.
Collapse
|
46
|
PIRIM GORGUN E, TOKER H, KORKMAZ EM, POYRAZ O. IL-6 and IL-10 gene polymorphisms in patients with aggressive periodontitis: effects on GCF, serum and clinic parameters. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e12. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
47
|
Mehlotra RK, Hall NB, Willie B, Stein CM, Weinberg A, Zimmerman PA, Vernon LT. Associations of Toll-Like Receptor and β-Defensin Polymorphisms with Measures of Periodontal Disease (PD) in HIV+ North American Adults: An Exploratory Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164075. [PMID: 27727278 PMCID: PMC5058471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in toll-like receptor (TLR) and β-defensin (DEFB) genes have been recognized as potential genetic factors that can influence susceptibility to and severity of periodontal diseases (PD). However, data regarding associations between these polymorphisms and PD are still scarce in North American populations, and are not available in HIV+ North American populations. In this exploratory study, we analyzed samples from HIV+ adults (n = 115), who received primary HIV care at 3 local outpatient HIV clinics and were monitored for PD status. We genotyped a total of 41 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 8 TLR genes and copy number variation (CNV) in DEFB4/103A. We performed regression analyses for levels of 3 periodontopathogens in subgingival dental plaques (Porphyromonas gingivalis [Pg], Treponema denticola [Td], and Tannerella forsythia [Tf]) and 3 clinical measures of PD (periodontal probing depth [PPD], gingival recession [REC], and bleeding on probing [BOP]). In all subjects combined, 2 SNPs in TLR1 were significantly associated with Td, and one SNP in TLR2 was significantly associated with BOP. One of the 2 SNPs in TLR1 was significantly associated with Td in Caucasians. In addition, another SNP in TLR1 and a SNP in TLR6 were also significantly associated with Td and Pg, respectively, in Caucasians. All 3 periodontopathogen levels were significantly associated with PPD and BOP, but none was associated with REC. Instrumental variable analysis showed that 8 SNPs in 6 TLR genes were significantly associated with the 3 periodontopathogen levels. However, associations between the 3 periodontopathogen levels and PPD or BOP were not driven by associations with these identified SNPs. No association was found between DEFB4/103A CNV and any periodontopathogen level or clinical measure in all samples, Caucasians, or African Americans. Our exploratory study suggests a role of TLR polymorphisms, particularly TLR1 and TLR6 polymorphisms, in PD in HIV+ North Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K. Mehlotra
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RKM); (LTV)
| | - Noemi B. Hall
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Barne Willie
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Catherine M. Stein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Aaron Weinberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Peter A. Zimmerman
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lance T. Vernon
- Department of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RKM); (LTV)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pavlič A, Matoh U, Rajić V, Petelin M. Effect of Repeated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Treatment of Periodontitis Associated with Fanconi Anemia. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 35:64-68. [PMID: 27626108 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontal disease is one of common oral manifestations in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on periodontal clinical and microbial parameters in a patient with FA. MATERIALS AND METHODS For a 16-year-old girl, diagnosed with having FA and periodontal disease, the protocol treatment with duration of 10 months was designed. Every 2 months, thorough oral cavity disinfection was followed by PDT, using photosensitizer phenothiazine chloride activated by a diode laser light. During each visit, periodontal parameters were evaluated: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level. Simultaneously, the presence of Candida albicans and of five periodontal pathogens was evaluated. RESULTS Clinical results showed improvement in GI, BOP, and PPD during this 10-month period. BOP subsequently reduced from 100% to 79%, 72%, and 60% at 6, 8, and 10 months, respectively. The proportion of sites with PPD of ≥4 mm decreased from 38.7% at the baseline to zero after 10 months. Further, all five bacterial species and C. albicans were reduced significantly. CONCLUSIONS PDT effectively influences periodontal healing and reduces periodontopathogenic bacteria without damaging the patient's tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Pavlič
- 1 Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urban Matoh
- 2 Unit of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Division of Stomatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vladan Rajić
- 3 Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital , Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milan Petelin
- 4 Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kissa J, Chemlali S, El Houari B, Amine K, Khlil N, Mikou S, Nadifi S, Albandar JM. Aggressive and chronic periodontitis in a population of Moroccan school students. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 43:934-939. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Kissa
- Department of Periodontology; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; Université Hassan II; Casablanca Morocco
| | - Sihame Chemlali
- Department of Periodontology; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; Université Hassan II; Casablanca Morocco
| | - Bouchra El Houari
- Department of Periodontology; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; Université Hassan II; Casablanca Morocco
| | - Khadija Amine
- Department of Periodontology; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; Université Hassan II; Casablanca Morocco
| | - Nadia Khlil
- Department of Periodontology; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; Université Hassan II; Casablanca Morocco
| | - Salwa Mikou
- Department of Periodontology; Faculté de Médecine Dentaire; Université Hassan II; Casablanca Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie; Université Hassan II; Casablanca Morocco
| | - Jasim M. Albandar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology; School of Dentistry; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shaddox LM, Spencer WP, Velsko IM, Al-Kassab H, Huang H, Calderon N, Aukhil I, Wallet SM. Localized aggressive periodontitis immune response to healthy and diseased subgingival plaque. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 43:746-53. [PMID: 27037664 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this case-control study was to compare the inflammatory response of peripheral blood from localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) patients when stimulated with healthy or diseased plaque samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole blood and subgingival plaque samples were collected from 13 LAP subjects, 14 siblings of LAP subjects and six periodontally healthy individuals. Whole blood was stimulated for 24 h with plaque samples generated from healthy or diseased sites. The levels of 14 cyto/chemokines were detected using multiplex technology. RESULTS Localized aggressive periodontitis-derived cultures displayed higher levels of G-CSF, INFγ, IL10, IL12p40, IL1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and TNFα, than control cultures regardless of stimulus used. Whole blood from healthy siblings displayed higher levels of IL-6 compared to control subjects, but lower levels than those observed in cultures from LAP participants. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that although bacteria is an important factor in eliciting the hyper-inflammatory response observed in LAP patients, the predisposition of host's response to bacterial presence may play a more significant role than the components of the stimulatory plaque.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Shaddox
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - William P Spencer
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Irina M Velsko
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hiba Al-Kassab
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nadia Calderon
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shannon M Wallet
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|