1
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Sheng A, Liu F, Wang Q, Fu H, Mao J. The roles of TRPC6 in renal tubular disorders: a narrative review. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2376929. [PMID: 39022902 PMCID: PMC11259070 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2376929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) channel, a nonselective cation channel that allows the passage of Ca2+, plays an important role in renal diseases. TRPC6 is activated by Ca2+ influx, oxidative stress, and mechanical stress. Studies have shown that in addition to glomerular diseases, TRPC6 can contribute to renal tubular disorders, such as acute kidney injury, renal interstitial fibrosis, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the tubule-specific physiological functions of TRPC6 have not yet been elucidated. Its pathophysiological role in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is debatable. Thus, TRPC6 may have dual roles in I/R injury. TRPC6 induces renal fibrosis and immune cell infiltration in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model. Additionally, TRPC6 overexpression may modify G2 phase transition, thus altering the DNA damage checkpoint, which can cause genomic instability and RCC tumorigenesis and can control the proliferation of RCC cells. This review highlights the importance of TRPC6 in various conditions of the renal tubular system. To better understand certain renal disorders and ultimately identify new therapeutic targets to improve patient care, the pathophysiology of TRPC6 must be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianhui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Baron J, Groschner K, Tiapko O. Calcium transport and sensing in TRPC channels - New insights into a complex feedback regulation. Cell Calcium 2023; 116:102816. [PMID: 37897981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Canonical TRP (TRPC) channels are a still enigmatic family of signaling molecules with multimodal sensing features. These channels enable Ca2+ influx through the plasma membrane to control a diverse range of cellular functions. Based on both regulatory- and recently uncovered structural features, TRPC channels are considered to coordinate Ca2+ and other divalent cations not only within the permeation path but also at additional sensory sites. Analysis of TRPC structures by cryo-EM identified multiple regulatory ion binding pockets. With this review, we aim at an overview and a critical discussion of the current concepts of divalent sensing by TRPC channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Baron
- Gottfried-Schatz-Research-Center Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/H03, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Gottfried-Schatz-Research-Center Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/H03, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oleksandra Tiapko
- Gottfried-Schatz-Research-Center Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/H03, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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3
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Zernov N, Popugaeva E. Role of Neuronal TRPC6 Channels in Synapse Development, Memory Formation and Animal Behavior. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15415. [PMID: 37895105 PMCID: PMC10607207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 (TRPC6), has been believed to adjust the formation of an excitatory synapse. The positive regulation of TRPC6 engenders synapse enlargement and improved learning and memory in animal models. TRPC6 is involved in different synaptoprotective signaling pathways, including antagonism of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and postsynaptic store-operated calcium entry. Positive regulation of TRPC6 channels has been repeatedly shown to be good for memory formation and storage. TRPC6 is mainly expressed in the hippocampus, particularly in the dentate granule cells, cornu Ammonis 3 (CA3) pyramidal cells and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons. It has been observed that TRPC6 agonists have a great influence on animal behavior including memory formation and storage The purpose of this review is to collect the available information on the role of TRPC6 in memory formation in various parts of the brain to understand how TRPC6-specific pharmaceutical agents will affect memory in distinct parts of the central nervous system (CNS).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Popugaeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
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4
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Vydra Bousova K, Zouharova M, Jiraskova K, Vetyskova V. Interaction of Calmodulin with TRPM: An Initiator of Channel Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15162. [PMID: 37894842 PMCID: PMC10607381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels, a subfamily of the TRP superfamily, constitute a diverse group of ion channels involved in mediating crucial cellular processes like calcium homeostasis. These channels exhibit complex regulation, and one of the key regulatory mechanisms involves their interaction with calmodulin (CaM), a cytosol ubiquitous calcium-binding protein. The association between TRPM channels and CaM relies on the presence of specific CaM-binding domains in the channel structure. Upon CaM binding, the channel undergoes direct and/or allosteric structural changes and triggers down- or up-stream signaling pathways. According to current knowledge, ion channel members TRPM2, TRPM3, TRPM4, and TRPM6 are directly modulated by CaM, resulting in their activation or inhibition. This review specifically focuses on the interplay between TRPM channels and CaM and summarizes the current known effects of CaM interactions and modulations on TRPM channels in cellular physiology.
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5
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Cole BA, Becker EBE. Modulation and Regulation of Canonical Transient Receptor Potential 3 (TRPC3) Channels. Cells 2023; 12:2215. [PMID: 37759438 PMCID: PMC10526463 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Canonical transient receptor potential 3 (TRPC3) channel is a non-selective cation permeable channel that plays an essential role in calcium signalling. TRPC3 is highly expressed in the brain and also found in endocrine tissues and smooth muscle cells. The channel is activated directly by binding of diacylglycerol downstream of G-protein coupled receptor activation. In addition, TRPC3 is regulated by endogenous factors including Ca2+ ions, other endogenous lipids, and interacting proteins. The molecular and structural mechanisms underlying activation and regulation of TRPC3 are incompletely understood. Recently, several high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy structures of TRPC3 and the closely related channel TRPC6 have been resolved in different functional states and in the presence of modulators, coupled with mutagenesis studies and electrophysiological characterisation. Here, we review the recent literature which has advanced our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying modulation of TRPC3 by both endogenous and exogenous factors. TRPC3 plays an important role in Ca2+ homeostasis and entry into cells throughout the body, and both pathological variants and downstream dysregulation of TRPC3 channels have been associated with a number of diseases. As such, TRPC3 may be a valuable therapeutic target, and understanding its regulatory mechanisms will aid future development of pharmacological modulators of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan A. Cole
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Esther B. E. Becker
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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6
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Koval A, Zhang X, Katanaev VL. Improved approaches to channel capacity estimation discover compromised GPCR signaling in diverse cancer cells. iScience 2023; 26:107270. [PMID: 37502258 PMCID: PMC10368911 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling orchestrates an organism's development and functioning and underlies various pathologies, such as cancer, when aberrant. A universal cell signaling characteristic is channel capacity - the measure of how much information a given transmitting system can reliably transduce. Here, we describe improved approaches to quantify GPCR signaling channel capacity in single cells, averaged across cell population. We assess the channel capacity based on distribution of residuals by the cellular response amplitude. We further develop means to handle irregularly responding cancer cells using the integral values of their response to different agonist concentrations. These approaches enabled us to analyze, for the first time, channel capacity in single cancer cells. A universal feature emerging for different cancer cell types is a decreased channel capacity of their GPCR signaling. These findings provide experimental validation to the hypothesis that cancer is an information disease, bearing importance for basic cancer biology and anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Koval
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir L. Katanaev
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
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7
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Thiel G, Rössler OG. Calmodulin Regulates Transient Receptor Potential TRPM3 and TRPM8-Induced Gene Transcription. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097902. [PMID: 37175607 PMCID: PMC10178570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin is a small protein that binds Ca2+ ions via four EF-hand motifs. The Ca2+/calmodulin complex as well as Ca2+-free calmodulin regulate the activities of numerous enzymes and ion channels. Here, we used genetic and pharmacological tools to study the functional role of calmodulin in regulating signal transduction of TRPM3 and TRPM8 channels. Both TRPM3 and TRPM8 are important regulators of thermosensation. Gene transcription triggered by stimulation of TRPM3 or TRPM8 channels was significantly impaired in cells expressing a calmodulin mutant with mutations in all four EF-hand Ca2+ binding motifs. Similarly, incubation of cells with the calmodulin inhibitor ophiobolin A reduced TRPM3 and TRPM8-induced signaling. The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin was shown to negatively regulate TRPM3-induced gene transcription. Here, we show that TRPM8-induced transcription is also regulated by calcineurin. We propose that calmodulin plays a dual role in regulating TRPM3 and TRPM8 functions. Calmodulin is required for the activation of TRPM3 and TRPM8-induced intracellular signaling, most likely through a direct interaction with the channels. Ca2+ influx through TRPM3 and TRPM8 feeds back to TRPM3 and TRPM8-induced signaling by activation of the calmodulin-regulated enzyme calcineurin, which acts as a negative feedback loop for both TRPM3 and TRPM8 channel signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Thiel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Building 44, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Oliver G Rössler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Building 44, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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8
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Gusev K, Shalygin A, Kolesnikov D, Shuyskiy L, Makeenok S, Glushankova L, Sivak K, Yakovlev K, Orshanskaya Y, Wang G, Bakhtyukov A, Derkach K, Shpakov A, Kaznacheyeva E. Reorganization and Suppression of Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Podocytes of Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087259. [PMID: 37108424 PMCID: PMC10139047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a widespread metabolic disorder that results in podocyte damage and diabetic nephropathy. Previous studies demonstrated that TRPC6 channels play a pivotal role in podocyte function and their dysregulation is associated with development of different kidney diseases including nephropathy. Here, using single channel patch clamp technique, we demonstrated that non-selective cationic TRPC6 channels are sensitive to the Ca2+ store depletion in human podocyte cell line Ab8/13 and in freshly isolated rat glomerular podocytes. Ca2+ imaging indicated the involvement of ORAI and sodium-calcium exchanger in Ca2+ entry induced upon store depletion. In male rats fed a high-fat diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin injection, which leads to DM2 development, we observed the reduction of a store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in rat glomerular podocytes. This was accompanied by a reorganization of store-operated Ca2+ influx such that TRPC6 channels lost their sensitivity to Ca2+ store depletion and ORAI-mediated Ca2+ entry was suppressed in TRPC6-independent manner. Altogether our data provide new insights into the mechanism of SOCE organization in podocytes in the norm and in pathology, which should be taken into account when developing pharmacological treatment of the early stages of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Gusev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Alexey Shalygin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Kolesnikov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Leonid Shuyskiy
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Sofia Makeenok
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Lyubov Glushankova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Konstantin Sivak
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza WHO National Influenza Centre of Russia, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Kirill Yakovlev
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza WHO National Influenza Centre of Russia, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Yana Orshanskaya
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza WHO National Influenza Centre of Russia, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutic Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215031, China
| | - Andrey Bakhtyukov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Kira Derkach
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Alexander Shpakov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Elena Kaznacheyeva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
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9
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Llancalahuen FM, Vallejos A, Aravena D, Prado Y, Gatica S, Otero C, Simon F. α1-Adrenergic Stimulation Increases Platelet Adhesion to Endothelial Cells Mediated by TRPC6. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1408:65-82. [PMID: 37093422 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26163-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of a1-adrenergic nervous system is increased during systemic inflammation and other pathological conditions with the consequent adrenergic receptors (ARs) activation. It has been reported that a1-stimulation contributes to coagulation since a1-AR blockers inhibit coagulation and its organic consequences. Also, coagulation induced by a1-AR stimulation can be greatly decreased using a1-AR blockers. In health, endothelial cells (ECs) perform anticoagulant actions at cellular and molecular level. However, during inflammation, ECs turn dysfunctional promoting a procoagulant state. Endothelium-dependent coagulation progresses at cellular and molecular levels, promoting endothelial acquisition of procoagulant properties to potentiate coagulation by means of prothrombotic and antifibrinolytic proteins expression increase in ECs releasing them to circulation, the thrombus formation is strengthened. Calcium signaling is a main feature of coagulation. Inhibition of ion channels involved in Ca2+ entry severely decreases coagulation. The transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) is a non-selective Ca2+-permeable ion channel. TRPC6 activity is induced by diacylglycerol, suggesting that is regulated by a1-ARs. Furthermore, a1-ARs stimulation elicits a TRPC-like current in rat mesenteric artery smooth muscle and mesangial cells. However, whether TRPC6 could promote an ECs-mediated platelet adhesion induced by a1-adrenergic stimulation is currently not known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine if the TRPC6 calcium channel mediates platelet adhesion induced by a1-adrenergic stimulation. Our results suggest that platelet adhesion to ECs is enhanced by the a1-adrenergic stimulation evoked by phenylephrine mediated by TRPC6 activity. We conclude that TRPC6 is a molecular determinant in platelet adhesion to ECs with implications in systemic inflammatory diseases treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe M Llancalahuen
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejando Vallejos
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Aravena
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yolanda Prado
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Gatica
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Otero
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile.
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10
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Curcic S, Erkan-Candag H, Pilic J, Malli R, Wiedner P, Tiapko O, Groschner K. TRPC3 governs the spatiotemporal organization of cellular Ca 2+ signatures by functional coupling to IP 3 receptors. Cell Calcium 2022; 108:102670. [PMID: 36375273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Communication between TRPC channels and IP3 receptors (IP3R) is considered pivotal in the generation of spatiotemporal Ca2+signaling patterns. Here we revisited the role of TRPC3-IP3R coupling for local Ca2+ signaling within TRPC3-harbouring micro/nanodomains using R-GECO as a reporter, fused to the channel´s C-terminus. Cytoplasmic Ca2+ changes at TRPC3 originated from both the entry of Ca2+ through the TRPC channel and Ca2+ mobilization via IP3R. Local Ca2+ changes at TRPC3 channels expressed in HEK293 cells were predominantly biphasic with IP3R-dependent initial Ca2+ transients, while exclusively monophasic signals were recorded when all three IP3R isoforms were lacking. Abrogation of Ca2+ entry through TRPC3 by point mutations, which impair Ca2+ permeability (E630Q), cation permeation (E630K), or DAG sensitivity (G652A), promoted microdomain Ca2+ oscillations. Ca2+ signals at E630Q, E630K, and G652A channels featured initial Ca2+ transients along with oscillatory activity. Similarly, when extracellular Ca2+ was omitted, IP3R-mediated Ca2+ transients and Ca2+ oscillations were promoted at the cytoplasmic face of wild-type TRPC3 channels. By contrast, oscillations, as well as initial Ca2+ transients, were virtually lacking, when the TRPC3 channels were sensitized by preexposure to low-level PLC activity. TIRF imaging provided evidence for dynamic colocalization of TRPC3 and IP3R. We suggest that TRPC3-mediated Ca2+ entry controls IP3R activity at ER-PM junctions to determine Ca2+ signaling signatures and enable specificity of downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Curcic
- Gottfried-Schatz Research Center (Biophysics), Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Hazel Erkan-Candag
- Gottfried-Schatz Research Center (Biophysics), Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Pilic
- Gottfried-Schatz Research Center (Molecular Biology and Biochemistry), Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- Gottfried-Schatz Research Center (Molecular Biology and Biochemistry), Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Patrick Wiedner
- Gottfried-Schatz Research Center (Biophysics), Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Oleksandra Tiapko
- Gottfried-Schatz Research Center (Biophysics), Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Gottfried-Schatz Research Center (Biophysics), Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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11
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Zernov N, Bezprozvanny I, Popugaeva E. CaMKIIβ knockdown decreases store-operated calcium entry in hippocampal dendritic spines. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 12:90-97. [PMID: 35079728 PMCID: PMC8777283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and neuronal store-operated calcium entry (nSOCE) have been implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). nSOCE is involved in regulation of dendritic spine shape, particularly in stability of mushroom spines that play role in formation of strong synapses. CaMKII is involved in regulation of induction of long-term potentiation, that is needed for shaping of memory. In the present study, we demonstrated that inhibition of kinase activity of CaMKII by KN-62 decreases nSOCE amplitude in soma of primary hippocampal neurons. We have shown that knockdown of CaMKIIβ leads to the downregulation of nSOCE in dendritic spines. In agreement with previously published data, we have also observed that CaMKIIβ knockdown causes mushroom spine loss in primary hippocampal culture. The effect of CaMKIIβ knockdown on the nSOCE may be associated with a decrease of dendritic spine head size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Zernov
- Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, St.Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Bezprozvanny
- Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, St.Petersburg, Russia
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Dallas, USA
| | - Elena Popugaeva
- Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, St.Petersburg, Russia
- Corresponding author.
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12
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Abdinghoff J, Servello D, Jacobs T, Beckmann A, Tschernig T. Evaluation of the presence of TRPC6 channels in human vessels: A pilot study using immunohistochemistry. Biomed Rep 2022; 16:42. [PMID: 35371476 PMCID: PMC8972230 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The TRPC6 channel is permeable to calcium ions as well as other ions and plays an important role in the physiology and pathophysiology of vessels. Findings from animal and cell culture experiments have shown its involvement in important vascular processes such as the Bayliss effect or endothelial-mediated vasodilatation. Furthermore, the relevance of TRPC6 channels in humans has become apparent based on diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and atherosclerosis, amongst others. However, histological evidence that systematically detects TRPC6 channels in human vessels has not been provided to date. In this study, 40 vessel sections from nine body donors were obtained, processed and stained with a knockout-validated antibody against the TRPC6 protein using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. More than half of the samples yielded evidence of TRPC6 channel expression in the intima and adventitia. TRPC6 channels were detected in the tunica media in only one of 40 cases. TRPC6 detection in the human intima confirmed several demonstrated physiological aspects of the TRPC6 channels in the vasculature and may also be involved in associated human diseases. The near absence of TRPC6 channels in the tunica media was in contrast to a view that is primarily based on animal studies, from which its presence was assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Abdinghoff
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Davide Servello
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tobias Jacobs
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anja Beckmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Thomas Tschernig
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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13
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Abstract
The overload cytosolic free Ca2+ (cCa2+) influx-mediated excessive generation of oxidative stress in the pathophysiological conditions induces neuronal and cellular injury via the activation of cation channels. TRPM2 and TRPV4 channels are activated by oxidative stress, and their specific antagonists have not been discovered yet. The antioxidant and anti-Covid-19 properties of carvacrol (CARV) were recently reported. Hence, I suspected possible antagonist properties of CARV against oxidative stress (OS)/ADP-ribose (ADPR)-induced TRPM2 and GSK1016790A (GSK)-mediated TRPV4 activations in neuronal and kidney cells. I investigated the antagonist role of CARV on the activations of TRPM2 and TRPV4 in SH-SY5Y neuronal, BV-2 microglial, and HEK293 cells. The OS/ADPR and GSK in the cells caused to increase of TRPM2/TRPV4 current densities and overload cytosolic free Ca2+ (cCa2+) influx with an increase of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic (cROS), and mitochondrial (mROS) ROS. The changes were not observed in the absence of TRPM2 and TRPV4 or the presence of Ca2+ free extracellular buffer and PARP-1 inhibitors (PJ34 and DPQ). When OS-induced TRPM2 and GSK-induced TRPV4 activations were inhibited by the treatment of CARV, the increase of cROS, mROS, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, cell death, cCa2+ concentration, caspase -3, and caspase -9 levels were restored via upregulation of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase. In conclusion, the treatment of CARV modulated the TRPM2 and TRPV4-mediated overload Ca2+ influx and may provide an avenue for protecting TRPM2 and TRPV4-mediated neurodegenerative diseases associated with the increase of mROS and cCa2+. The possible TRPM2 and TRPV4 blocker action of carvacrol (CARV) via the modulation oxidative stress and apoptosis in the SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. TRPM2 is activated by DNA damage-induced (via PARP-1 activation) ADP-ribose (ADPR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (H2O2), although it is inhibited by nonspecific inhibitors (ACA and 2-APB). TRPV4 is activated by the treatments of GSK1016790A (GSK), although it is inhibited by a nonspecific inhibitor (ruthenium red, RuRe). The treatment of GSK induces excessive generation of ROS. The accumulation of free cytosolic Ca2+ (cCa2+) via the activations of TRPM2 and TRPV4 in the mitochondria causes the increase of mitochondrial membrane depolarization (ΔΨm). In turn, the increase of ΔΨm causes the excessive generation of ROS. The TRPM2 and TRPV4-induced the excessive generations of ROS result in the increase of apoptosis and cell death via the activations of caspase -3 (Casp-3) and caspase -9 (Casp-9) in the neuronal cells, although their oxidant actions decrease the glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) levels. The oxidant and apoptotic adverse actions of TRPM2 and TRPV4 are modulated by the treatment of CARV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analyses, Innovation, Consultancy, Organization, Agriculture and Trade Ltd, Isparta, TR-32260, Turkey.
- Departments of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, TR-32260, Turkey.
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14
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Structural mechanism of human TRPC3 and TRPC6 channel regulation by their intracellular calcium-binding sites. Neuron 2022; 110:1023-1035.e5. [PMID: 35051376 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TRPC3 and TRPC6 channels are calcium-permeable non-selective cation channels that are involved in many physiological processes. The gain-of-function (GOF) mutations of TRPC6 lead to familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in humans, but their pathogenic mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report the cryo-EM structures of human TRPC3 in both high-calcium and low-calcium conditions. Based on these structures and accompanying electrophysiological studies, we identified both inhibitory and activating calcium-binding sites in TRPC3 that couple intracellular calcium concentrations to the basal channel activity. These calcium sensors are also structurally and functionally conserved in TRPC6. We uncovered that the GOF mutations of TRPC6 activate the channel by allosterically abolishing the inhibitory effects of intracellular calcium. Furthermore, structures of human TRPC6 in complex with two chemically distinct inhibitors bound at different ligand-binding pockets reveal different conformations of the transmembrane domain, providing templates for further structure-based drug design targeting TRPC6-related diseases such as FSGS.
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15
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Ottolini M, Sonkusare SK. The Calcium Signaling Mechanisms in Arterial Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1831-1869. [PMID: 33792900 PMCID: PMC10388069 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The contractile state of resistance arteries and arterioles is a crucial determinant of blood pressure and blood flow. Physiological regulation of arterial contractility requires constant communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Various Ca2+ signals and Ca2+ -sensitive targets ensure dynamic control of intercellular communications in the vascular wall. The functional effect of a Ca2+ signal on arterial contractility depends on the type of Ca2+ -sensitive target engaged by that signal. Recent studies using advanced imaging methods have identified the spatiotemporal signatures of individual Ca2+ signals that control arterial and arteriolar contractility. Broadly speaking, intracellular Ca2+ is increased by ion channels and transporters on the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticular membrane. Physiological roles for many vascular Ca2+ signals have already been confirmed, while further investigation is needed for other Ca2+ signals. This article focuses on endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signaling mechanisms in resistance arteries and arterioles. We discuss the Ca2+ entry pathways at the plasma membrane, Ca2+ release signals from the intracellular stores, the functional and physiological relevance of Ca2+ signals, and their regulatory mechanisms. Finally, we describe the contribution of abnormal endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signals to the pathogenesis of vascular disorders. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1831-1869, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ottolini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Swapnil K Sonkusare
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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16
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Wang J, Hertz L, Ruppenthal S, El Nemer W, Connes P, Goede JS, Bogdanova A, Birnbaumer L, Kaestner L. Lysophosphatidic Acid-Activated Calcium Signaling Is Elevated in Red Cells from Sickle Cell Disease Patients. Cells 2021; 10:456. [PMID: 33672679 PMCID: PMC7924404 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: It is known that sickle cells contain a higher amount of Ca2+ compared to healthy red blood cells (RBCs). The increased Ca2+ is associated with the most severe symptom of sickle cell disease (SCD), the vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). The Ca2+ entry pathway received the name of Psickle but its molecular identity remains only partly resolved. We aimed to map the involved Ca2+ signaling to provide putative pharmacological targets for treatment. (2) Methods: The main technique applied was Ca2+ imaging of RBCs from healthy donors, SCD patients and a number of transgenic mouse models in comparison to wild-type mice. Life-cell Ca2+ imaging was applied to monitor responses to pharmacological targeting of the elements of signaling cascades. Infection as a trigger of VOC was imitated by stimulation of RBCs with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). These measurements were complemented with biochemical assays. (3) Results: Ca2+ entry into SCD RBCs in response to LPA stimulation exceeded that of healthy donors. LPA receptor 4 levels were increased in SCD RBCs. Their activation was followed by the activation of Gi protein, which in turn triggered opening of TRPC6 and CaV2.1 channels via a protein kinase Cα and a MAP kinase pathway, respectively. (4) Conclusions: We found a new Ca2+ signaling cascade that is increased in SCD patients and identified new pharmacological targets that might be promising in addressing the most severe symptom of SCD, the VOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA;
| | - Laura Hertz
- Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
- Experimental Physics, Dynamics of Fluids, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
| | - Sandra Ruppenthal
- Experimental Physics, Dynamics of Fluids, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
- Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Wassim El Nemer
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA-Corse, Aix Marseille Université, EFS, CNRS, ADES, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Philippe Connes
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France;
- Laboratory LIBM EA7424, Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell Teal, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jeroen S. Goede
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, CH-8401 Winterthur, Switzerland;
| | - Anna Bogdanova
- Red Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina, C1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina;
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lars Kaestner
- Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
- Experimental Physics, Dynamics of Fluids, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
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17
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Abstract
Previous studies have found that oxidative stress is the negative reaction of the imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation caused by free radicals, and it is the fuse of aging and many diseases. Scavenging the accumulation of free radicals in the body and inhibiting the production of free radicals are effective ways to reduce the occurrence of oxidative stress. In recent years, studies have found that oxidative stress has other effects on the body, such as anti-tumour. In this paper, the targets related to anti-oxidative stress were introduced, and they were divided into nuclear transcription factors, enzymes, solute carrier family 7, member 11 (SLC7A11) genes and iron death, ion channels, molecular chaperones, small molecules according to their different functions. In addition, we introduce the research status of agonists/inhibitors related to these targets, so as to provide some reference for the follow-up research and clinical application of anti-oxidative stress drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fang-Xu Dong
- College of Foreign Languages, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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18
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Sato A, Arichi S, Kojima F, Hayashi T, Ohba T, Cheung DL, Eto K, Narushima M, Murakoshi H, Maruo Y, Kadoya Y, Nabekura J, Ishibashi H. Histamine depolarizes rat intracardiac ganglion neurons through the activation of TRPC non-selective cation channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173536. [PMID: 32896550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac plexus, which contains parasympathetic ganglia, plays an important role in regulating cardiac function. Histamine is known to excite intracardiac ganglion neurons, but the underlying mechanism is obscure. In the present study, therefore, the effect of histamine on rat intracardiac ganglion neurons was investigated using perforated patch-clamp recordings. Histamine depolarized acutely isolated neurons with a half-maximal effective concentration of 4.5 μM. This depolarization was markedly inhibited by the H1 receptor antagonist triprolidine and mimicked by the H1 receptor agonist 2-pyridylethylamine, thus implicating histamine H1 receptors. Consistently, reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot analyses confirmed H1 receptor expression in the intracardiac ganglia. Under voltage-clamp conditions, histamine evoked an inward current that was potentiated by extracellular Ca2+ removal and attenuated by extracellular Na+ replacement with N-methyl-D-glucamine. This implicated the involvement of non-selective cation channels, which given the link between H1 receptors and Gq/11-protein-phospholipase C signalling, were suspected to be transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. This was confirmed by the marked inhibition of the inward current through the pharmacological disruption of either Gq/11 signalling or intracellular Ca2+ release and by the application of the TRPC blockers Pyr3, Gd3+ and ML204. Consistently, RT-PCR analysis revealed the expression of several TRPC subtypes in the intracardiac ganglia. Whilst histamine was also separately found to inhibit the M-current, the histamine-induced depolarization was only significantly inhibited by the TRPC blockers Gd3+ and ML204, and not by the M-current blocker XE991. These results suggest that TRPC channels serve as the predominant mediator of neuronal excitation by histamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan; Department of Physiology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan; Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shiho Arichi
- Department of Physiology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Kojima
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Toru Hayashi
- Department of Anatomical Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Tatsuko Ohba
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Dennis Lawrence Cheung
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kei Eto
- Department of Physiology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Madoka Narushima
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hideji Murakoshi
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Maruo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kadoya
- Department of Anatomical Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Junichi Nabekura
- Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishibashi
- Department of Physiology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.
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19
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Becskeházi E, Korsós MM, Erőss B, Hegyi P, Venglovecz V. OEsophageal Ion Transport Mechanisms and Significance Under Pathological Conditions. Front Physiol 2020; 11:855. [PMID: 32765303 PMCID: PMC7379034 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion transporters play an important role in several physiological functions, such as cell volume regulation, pH homeostasis and secretion. In the oesophagus, ion transport proteins are part of the epithelial resistance, a mechanism which protects the oesophagus against reflux-induced damage. A change in the function or expression of ion transporters has significance in the development or neoplastic progression of Barrett’s oesophagus (BO). In this review, we discuss the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ion transporters in the oesophagus, highlighting transport proteins which serve as therapeutic targets or prognostic markers in eosinophilic oesophagitis, BO and esophageal cancer. We believe that this review highlights important relationships which might contribute to a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of esophageal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Becskeházi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Bálint Erőss
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Szentágothai Research Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Division of Gastroenterology, First Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Viktória Venglovecz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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20
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Thakur DP, Wang Q, Jeon J, Tian JB, Zhu MX. Intracellular acidification facilitates receptor-operated TRPC4 activation through PLCδ1 in a Ca 2+ -dependent manner. J Physiol 2020; 598:2651-2667. [PMID: 32338378 DOI: 10.1113/jp279658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Receptor-operated activation of TRPC4 cation channels requires Gi/o proteins and phospholipase-Cδ1 (PLCδ1) activation by intracellular Ca2+ . Concurrent stimulation of the Gq/11 pathway accelerates Gi/o activation of TRPC4, which is not mimicked by increasing cytosolic Ca2+ . The kinetic effect of Gq/11 was diminished by alkaline intracellular pH (pHi ) and increased pHi buffer capacity. Acidic pHi (6.75-6.25) together with the cytosolic Ca2+ rise accelerated Gi/o -mediated TRPC4 activation. Protons exert their facilitation effect through Ca2+ -dependent activation of PLCδ1. The data suggest that the Gq/11 -PLCβ pathway facilitates Gi/o activation of TRPC4 through hydrolysing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2 ) to produce the initial proton signal that triggers a self-propagating PLCδ1 activity supported by regenerative H+ and Ca2+ . The findings provide novel mechanistic insights into receptor-operated TRPC4 activation by coincident Gq/11 and Gi/o pathways and shed light on how aberrant activation of TRPC4 may occur under pathological conditions to cause cell damage. ABSTRACT Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 4 (TRPC4) forms non-selective cation channels activated downstream from receptors that signal through G proteins. Our recent work suggests that TRPC4 channels are particularly coupled to pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi/o proteins, with a co-dependence on phospholipase-Cδ1 (PLCδ1). The Gi/o -mediated TRPC4 activation is dually dependent on and bimodally regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2 ), the substrate hydrolysed by PLC, and intracellular Ca2+ . As a byproduct of PLC-mediated PIP2 hydrolysis, protons have been shown to play an important role in the activation of Drosophila TRP channels. However, how intracellular pH affects mammalian TRPC channels remains obscure. Here, using patch-clamp recordings of HEK293 cells heterologously co-expressing mouse TRPC4β and the Gi/o -coupled μ opioid receptor, we investigated the role of intracellular protons on Gi/o -mediated TRPC4 activation. We found that acidic cytosolic pH greatly accelerated the rate of TRPC4 activation without altering the maximal current density and this effect was dependent on intracellular Ca2+ elevation. However, protons did not accelerate channel activation by directly acting upon TRPC4. We additionally demonstrated that protons exert their effect through sensitization of PLCδ1 to Ca2+ , which in turn promotes PLCδ1 activity and further potentiates TRPC4 via a positive feedback mechanism. The mechanism elucidated here helps explain how Gi/o and Gq/11 co-stimulation induces a faster activation of TRPC4 than Gi/o activation alone and highlights again the critical role of PLCδ1 in TRPC4 gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay P Thakur
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qiaochu Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jaepyo Jeon
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin-Bin Tian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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21
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Wang J, Zhao M, Jia P, Liu FF, Chen K, Meng FY, Hong JH, Zhang T, Jin XH, Shi J. The analgesic action of larixyl acetate, a potent TRPC6 inhibitor, in rat neuropathic pain model induced by spared nerve injury. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:118. [PMID: 32299452 PMCID: PMC7164269 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropathic pain is a debilitating status that is insusceptible to the existing analgesics. It is important to explore the underlying pathophysiological changes and search for new pharmacological approaches. Transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) is a mechanosensitive channel that is expressed by dorsal root ganglia and glial cells. It has been demonstrated that this channel in dorsal root ganglia plays essential roles in the formation of mechanical hyperalgesia in neuropathic pain. Recent pharmacological screening suggests that larixyl acetate (LA), a main constituent of larch resin, is able to selectively inhibit TRPC6 function. But whether LA is effective in treating neuropathic pain remains unknown. We investigated the efficacy of LA in rat neuropathic pain model, examined its effects on central neuroinflammation, and explored the possible molecular mechanisms by targeting the spinal dorsal horn. Methods Spared nerve injury (SNI) was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Mechanical hypersensitivity and cold allodynia before and after single and multiple i.t. applications of LA at the dose of 3, 10, and 30 μM were evaluated by von Frey filament and acetone tests, respectively. Western blot, immunohistochemical, and immunocytochemical stainings were employed to examine the level and expression feature of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), TRPC6, and phosphorylated p38 kinase. The changes of cytokine concentrations, including that of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, were also assessed by multiplex analysis. TRPC6 antisense strategy was finally adopted to investigate the action mechanisms of LA. Results Single application of LA on day 5 post injury caused dose-dependent inhibition of mechanical allodynia with the ED50 value of 13.43 μM. Multiple applications of LA at 30 μM not only enhanced the analgesic efficacy but also elongated the effective duration without obvious influences on animal locomotor activities. Single and multiple administrations of LA at 30 μM played similar but weaker inhibitory effects on cold allodynia. In addition to behavioral improvements, multiple applications of LA for 6 days dose-dependently inhibited the upregulation of Iba-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, whereas had no obvious effects on the levels of GFAP and IL-10. Combined Western blot and immunostaining assays revealed that the expression of TRPC6 was significantly increased in both spinal dorsal horn after nerve injury and the cultured microglia challenged by LPS, which was however suppressed by the addition of LA at 30 μM or 10 μM, respectively. Further knockdown of TRPC6 with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide produced prominent analgesic effects in rats with SNI, accompanied by the reduced phosphorylation level of p38 in the microglia. Conclusions These data demonstrate that i.t. applied LA exhibits analgesic and anti-inflammatory action in neuropathic pain. The action of LA involves the suppression of TRPC6 and p38 signaling in the microglia. LA may be thus a promising pharmacological candidate for the treatment of intractable chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peng Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fei-Yang Meng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiang-Hao Hong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Student Brigade, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Hang Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. .,Department of Basic Medical Morphology, Medical College, Xijing University, Xi' an, 710123, China.
| | - Juan Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Preclinical School of Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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22
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Wen H, Gwathmey JK, Xie LH. Role of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channels in Heart Physiology and Pathophysiology. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:24. [PMID: 32158769 PMCID: PMC7052113 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels are involved in the regulation of cardiac function under (patho)physiological conditions and are closely associated with the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy, arrhythmias, and myocardial infarction. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and the regulatory pathway/locus of TRPC channels in related heart diseases will provide potential new concepts for designing novel drugs targeting TRPC channels. We will present the properties and regulation of TRPC channels and their roles in the development of various forms of heart disease. This article provides a brief review on the role of TRPC channels in the regulation of myocardial function as well as how TRPC channels may serve as a therapeutic target in heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairuo Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory, National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China.,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Judith K Gwathmey
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Lai-Hua Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
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23
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Wang H, Cheng X, Tian J, Xiao Y, Tian T, Xu F, Hong X, Zhu MX. TRPC channels: Structure, function, regulation and recent advances in small molecular probes. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107497. [PMID: 32004513 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels constitute a group of receptor-operated calcium-permeable nonselective cation channels of the TRP superfamily. The seven mammalian TRPC members, which can be further divided into four subgroups (TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC4/5, and TRPC3/6/7) based on their amino acid sequences and functional similarities, contribute to a broad spectrum of cellular functions and physiological roles. Studies have revealed complexity of their regulation involving several components of the phospholipase C pathway, Gi and Go proteins, and internal Ca2+ stores. Recent advances in cryogenic electron microscopy have provided several high-resolution structures of TRPC channels. Growing evidence demonstrates the involvement of TRPC channels in diseases, particularly the link between genetic mutations of TRPC6 and familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Because TRPCs were discovered by the molecular identity first, their pharmacology had lagged behind. This is rapidly changing in recent years owning to great efforts from both academia and industry. A number of potent tool compounds from both synthetic and natural products that selective target different subtypes of TRPC channels have been discovered, including some preclinical drug candidates. This review will cover recent advancements in the understanding of TRPC channel regulation, structure, and discovery of novel TRPC small molecular probes over the past few years, with the goal of facilitating drug discovery for the study of TRPCs and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Xiaoding Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jinbin Tian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Innovation Center for Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization and Quality Control, Medical College, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Fuchun Xu
- Innovation Center for Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization and Quality Control, Medical College, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; Innovation Center for Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization and Quality Control, Medical College, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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TRP Channels Expression Profile in Human End-Stage Heart Failure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55070380. [PMID: 31315301 PMCID: PMC6681334 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Many studies indicate the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the development of heart hypertrophy. However, the data is often conflicted and has originated in animal models. Here, we provide systematic analysis of TRP channels expression in human failing myocardium. Methods and results: Left-ventricular tissue samples were isolated from explanted hearts of NYHA III-IV patients undergoing heart transplants (n = 43). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to assess the mRNA levels of TRPC, TRPM and TRPV channels. Analysis of functional, clinical and biochemical data was used to confirm an end-stage heart failure diagnosis. Compared to myocardium samples from healthy donor hearts (n = 5), we detected a distinct increase in the expression of TRPC1, TRPC5, TRPM4 and TRPM7, and decreased expression of TRPC4 and TRPV2. These changes were not dependent on gender, clinical or biochemical parameters, nor functional parameters of the heart. We detected, however, a significant correlation of TRPC1 and MEF2c expression. Conclusions: The end-stage heart failure displays distinct expressional changes of TRP channels. Our findings provide a systematic description of TRP channel expression in human heart failure. The results highlight the complex interplay between TRP channels and the need for deeper analysis of early stages of hypertrophy and heart failure development.
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Polat OK, Uno M, Maruyama T, Tran HN, Imamura K, Wong CF, Sakaguchi R, Ariyoshi M, Itsuki K, Ichikawa J, Morii T, Shirakawa M, Inoue R, Asanuma K, Reiser J, Tochio H, Mori Y, Mori MX. Contribution of Coiled-Coil Assembly to Ca 2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Inactivation of TRPC6 Channel and its Impacts on FSGS-Associated Phenotypes. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1587-1603. [PMID: 31266820 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018070756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TRPC6 is a nonselective cation channel, and mutations of this gene are associated with FSGS. These mutations are associated with TRPC6 current amplitude amplification and/or delay of the channel inactivation (gain-of-function phenotype). However, the mechanism of the gain-of-function in TRPC6 activity has not yet been clearly solved. METHODS We performed electrophysiologic, biochemical, and biophysical experiments to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying calmodulin (CaM)-mediated Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) of TRPC6. To address the pathophysiologic contribution of CDI, we assessed the actin filament organization in cultured mouse podocytes. RESULTS Both lobes of CaM helped induce CDI. Moreover, CaM binding to the TRPC6 CaM-binding domain (CBD) was Ca2+-dependent and exhibited a 1:2 (CaM/CBD) stoichiometry. The TRPC6 coiled-coil assembly, which brought two CBDs into adequate proximity, was essential for CDI. Deletion of the coiled-coil slowed CDI of TRPC6, indicating that the coiled-coil assembly configures both lobes of CaM binding on two CBDs to induce normal CDI. The FSGS-associated TRPC6 mutations within the coiled-coil severely delayed CDI and often increased TRPC6 current amplitudes. In cultured mouse podocytes, FSGS-associated channels and CaM mutations led to sustained Ca2+ elevations and a disorganized cytoskeleton. CONCLUSIONS The gain-of-function mechanism found in FSGS-causing mutations in TRPC6 can be explained by impairments of the CDI, caused by disruptions of TRPC's coiled-coil assembly which is essential for CaM binding. The resulting excess Ca2+ may contribute to structural damage in the podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur K Polat
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Masatoshi Uno
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science.,Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Terukazu Maruyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Ha Nam Tran
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering.,Department of Technology and Ecology, Laboratory of Environmental Systems Biology, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies
| | - Kayo Imamura
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science
| | - Chee Fah Wong
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Reiko Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Ariyoshi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Kyohei Itsuki
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Ichikawa
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Morii
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Asanuma
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Masayuki X Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering,
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-254C>G SNP in the TRPC6 Gene Promoter Influences Its Expression via Interaction with the NF- κB Subunit RELA in Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Children. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:2197837. [PMID: 31281825 PMCID: PMC6590578 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2197837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed at exploring the mechanism by which the −254C>G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6) gene promoter could increase its activation in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome children of China. Plasmids containing the TRPC6 promoter region (with the −254C or G allele) were constructed and then transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells and human podocytes. Luciferase assays were used to test the promoter activity in both cell lines with or without tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) treatment, and chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR) analysis was used to verify the transcription factor that could bind to this mutant sequence. Luciferase results indicate that the activity of the mutant promoter was greater than that of the normal promoter of the TRPC6 gene in both cell lines. We further predicted and verified that this variation was mediated by the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) subunit RELA, and TNF-α significantly enhanced the transcription activity of TRPC6 with the −254G allele. In conclusion, the −254C>G SNP is a gain-of-function variation of the TRPC6 gene, and it is also an early and effective factor for predicting steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in Chinese children.
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Dryer SE, Roshanravan H, Kim EY. TRPC channels: Regulation, dysregulation and contributions to chronic kidney disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1041-1066. [PMID: 30953689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding canonical transient receptor potential-6 (TRPC6) channels result in severe nephrotic syndromes that typically lead to end-stage renal disease. Many but not all of these mutations result in a gain in the function of the resulting channel protein. Since those observations were first made, substantial work has supported the hypothesis that TRPC6 channels can also contribute to progression of acquired (non-genetic) glomerular diseases, including primary and secondary FSGS, glomerulosclerosis during autoimmune glomerulonephritis, and possibly in type-1 diabetes. Their regulation has been extensively studied, especially in podocytes, but also in mesangial cells and other cell types present in the kidney. More recent evidence has implicated TRPC6 in renal fibrosis and tubulointerstitial disease caused by urinary obstruction. Consequently TRPC6 is being extensively investigated as a target for drug discovery. Other TRPC family members are present in kidney. TRPC6 can form a functional heteromultimer with TRPC3, and it has been suggested that TRPC5 may also play a role in glomerular disease progression, although the evidence on this is contradictory. Here we review literature on the expression and regulation of TRPC6, TRPC3 and TRPC5 in various cell types of the vertebrate kidney, the evidence that these channels are dysregulated in disease models, and research showing that knock-out or pharmacological inhibition of these channels can reduce the severity of kidney disease. We also summarize several areas that remain controversial, and some of the large gaps of knowledge concerning the fundamental role of these proteins in regulation of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Hila Roshanravan
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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29
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Hiraishi K, Kurahara LH, Sumiyoshi M, Hu YP, Koga K, Onitsuka M, Kojima D, Yue L, Takedatsu H, Jian YW, Inoue R. Daikenchuto (Da-Jian-Zhong-Tang) ameliorates intestinal fibrosis by activating myofibroblast transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4036-4053. [PMID: 30254408 PMCID: PMC6148431 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i35.4036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of the traditional oriental herbal medicine Daikenchuto (DKT) associated with transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in intestinal myofibroblasts.
METHODS Inflammatory and fibrotic changes were detected in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) chronic colitis model of wild-type and TRPA1-knockout (TRPA1-KO) mice via pathological staining and immunoblotting analysis. Ca2+ imaging experiments examined the effects of DKT and its components/ingredients on intestinal myofibroblast (InMyoFib) cell TRPA1 channel function. Pro-fibrotic factors and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-associated signaling were tested in an InMyoFib cell line by qPCR and immunoblotting experiments. Samples from non-stenotic and stenotic regions of the intestines of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) were used for pathological analysis.
RESULTS Chronic treatment with TNBS caused more severe inflammation and fibrotic changes in TRPA1-KO than in wild-type mice. A one-week enema administration of DKT reduced fibrotic lesions in wild-type but not in TRPA1-KO mice. The active ingredients of DKT, i.e., hydroxy α-sanshool and 6-shogaol, induced Ca2+ influxes in InMyoFib, and this was antagonized by co-treatment with a selective TRPA1 channel blocker, HC-030031. DKT counteracted TGF-β1-induced expression of Type I collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), which were accompanied by a reduction in the phosphorylation of Smad-2 and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and the expression of myocardin. Importantly, 24-h incubation with a DKT active component Japanese Pepper increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPA1 in InMyoFibs, which in turn negatively regulated collagen synthesis. In the stenotic regions of the intestines of CD patients, TRPA1 expression was significantly enhanced.
CONCLUSION The effects of DKT on the expression and activation of the TRPA1 channel could be advantageous for suppressing intestinal fibrosis, and benefit inflammatory bowel disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Hiraishi
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Lin-Hai Kurahara
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Miho Sumiyoshi
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Yao-Peng Hu
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Miki Onitsuka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Daibo Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| | - Hidetoshi Takedatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
| | - Yu-Wen Jian
- College of Letters and Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan
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Dryer SE, Kim EY. Permeation and Rectification in Canonical Transient Receptor Potential-6 (TRPC6) Channels. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1055. [PMID: 30123138 PMCID: PMC6085515 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential-6 channels are widely expressed cation channels that play a role in regulating Ca2+ dynamics, especially during G protein-coupled receptor signaling. The permeation of cations through TRPC6 is complex and the relative permeability to Ca2+ relative to monovalent cations appears to be highly voltage-dependent and is reduced upon membrane depolarization. Many investigators have observed complex current-voltage (I-V) relationships in recordings of TRPC6 channels, which often manifest as flattening of I-V curves between 0 and +40 mV and negative to -60 mV. These features are especially common in recordings from TRPC6 channels expressed in heterologous expression systems. Indeed, it is sometimes argued that marked rectification at both negative and positive membrane potentials is a defining feature of TRPC6, and that recordings in which these features are reduced or absent cannot reflect activity of TRPC6. Here we present a review of the literature to show that complex rectification is not seen in every cell type expressing TRPC6, even when comparing recordings made from the same groups of investigators, or in recordings from what is nominally the same heterologous expression system. Therefore other criteria, such as gene knockout or knockdown, or the use of newly emerging selective blockers, must be used to ascertain that a given current reflects activity of endogenously expressed TRPC6 channels. We also discuss the possibility that complex rectification may not be an intrinsic property of TRPC6 in cells where it is observed, and may instead reflect presence of endogenous substances that cause voltage-dependent inhibition of the channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Liu Z, Khalil RA. Evolving mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle contraction highlight key targets in vascular disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 153:91-122. [PMID: 29452094 PMCID: PMC5959760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) plays an important role in the regulation of vascular function. Identifying the mechanisms of VSM contraction has been a major research goal in order to determine the causes of vascular dysfunction and exaggerated vasoconstriction in vascular disease. Major discoveries over several decades have helped to better understand the mechanisms of VSM contraction. Ca2+ has been established as a major regulator of VSM contraction, and its sources, cytosolic levels, homeostatic mechanisms and subcellular distribution have been defined. Biochemical studies have also suggested that stimulation of Gq protein-coupled membrane receptors activates phospholipase C and promotes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids into inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). IP3 stimulates initial Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and is buttressed by Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent, receptor-operated, transient receptor potential and store-operated channels. In order to prevent large increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c), Ca2+ removal mechanisms promote Ca2+ extrusion via the plasmalemmal Ca2+ pump and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, and Ca2+ uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and the coordinated activities of these Ca2+ handling mechanisms help to create subplasmalemmal Ca2+ domains. Threshold increases in [Ca2+]c form a Ca2+-calmodulin complex, which activates myosin light chain (MLC) kinase, and causes MLC phosphorylation, actin-myosin interaction, and VSM contraction. Dissociations in the relationships between [Ca2+]c, MLC phosphorylation, and force have suggested additional Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms. DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, which directly or indirectly via mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylate the actin-binding proteins calponin and caldesmon and thereby enhance the myofilaments force sensitivity to Ca2+. PKC-mediated phosphorylation of PKC-potentiated phosphatase inhibitor protein-17 (CPI-17), and RhoA-mediated activation of Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibit MLC phosphatase and in turn increase MLC phosphorylation and VSM contraction. Abnormalities in the Ca2+ handling mechanisms and PKC and ROCK activity have been associated with vascular dysfunction in multiple vascular disorders. Modulators of [Ca2+]c, PKC and ROCK activity could be useful in mitigating the increased vasoconstriction associated with vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Liu
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Kurahara LH, Hiraishi K, Hu Y, Koga K, Onitsuka M, Doi M, Aoyagi K, Takedatsu H, Kojima D, Fujihara Y, Jian Y, Inoue R. Activation of Myofibroblast TRPA1 by Steroids and Pirfenidone Ameliorates Fibrosis in Experimental Crohn's Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 5:299-318. [PMID: 29552620 PMCID: PMC5852292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is highly expressed in the intestinal lamina propria, but its contribution to gut physiology/pathophysiology is unclear. Here, we evaluated the function of myofibroblast TRPA1 channels in intestinal remodeling. METHODS An intestinal myofibroblast cell line (InMyoFibs) was stimulated by transforming growth factor-β1 to induce in vitro fibrosis. Trpa1 knockout mice were generated using the Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) system. A murine chronic colitis model was established by weekly intrarectal trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) administration. Samples from the intestines of Crohn's disease (CD) patients were used for pathologic staining and quantitative analyses. RESULTS In InMyoFibs, TRPA1 showed the highest expression among TRP family members. In TNBS chronic colitis model mice, the extents of inflammation and fibrotic changes were more prominent in TRPA1-/- knockout than in wild-type mice. One-week enema administration of prednisolone suppressed fibrotic lesions in wild-type mice, but not in TRPA1 knockout mice. Steroids and pirfenidone induced Ca2+ influx in InMyoFibs, which was antagonized by the selective TRPA1 channel blocker HC-030031. Steroids and pirfenidone counteracted transforming growth factor-β1-induced expression of heat shock protein 47, type 1 collagen, and α-smooth muscle actin, and reduced Smad-2 phosphorylation and myocardin expression in InMyoFibs. In stenotic intestinal regions of CD patients, TRPA1 expression was increased significantly. TRPA1/heat shock protein 47 double-positive cells accumulated in the stenotic intestinal regions of both CD patients and TNBS-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS TRPA1, in addition to its anti-inflammatory actions, may protect against intestinal fibrosis, thus being a novel therapeutic target for highly incurable inflammatory/fibrotic disorders.
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Key Words
- AITC, allyl isothiocyanate
- CD, Crohn’s disease
- Crohn’s Disease
- EGTA, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid
- HSP47, heat shock protein 47
- InMyoFib, intestinal myofibroblast cell line
- Intestinal Fibrosis
- KO, knockout
- MT, Masson trichrome
- Myofibroblast
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RT-PCR, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction
- TGF, transforming growth factor
- TNBS, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TRP, transient receptor potential
- TRPA1, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1
- TRPC, transient receptor potential canonical
- Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1
- WT, wild-type
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- sgRNA, single-guide RNA
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- α-SMA, α smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hai Kurahara
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Lin Hai Kurahara, PhD, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan. fax: (81) 92-865-6032.Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineFukuoka UniversityFukuoka814-0180Japan
| | - Keizo Hiraishi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yaopeng Hu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Onitsuka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Doi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Aoyagi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Takedatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daibo Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Fujihara
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuwen Jian
- College of Letters and Science, University of California—Davis, Davis, California
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Muller WA. Transendothelial migration: unifying principles from the endothelial perspective. Immunol Rev 2017; 273:61-75. [PMID: 27558328 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transendothelial migration (TEM) of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) involves a carefully orchestrated dialog of adhesion and signaling events between leukocyte and endothelial cell. This article focuses on the contribution of endothelial cells to transmigration. The initiation of TEM itself generally requires interaction of PECAM on the leukocyte with PECAM at the endothelial cell border. This is responsible for the transient elevation of cytosolic-free calcium ions in endothelium that is required for TEM and for recruitment of membrane from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC). TEM requires LBRC to move to the site at which TEM will take place and for VE-cadherin to move away. Targeting of the LBRC to this site likely precedes movement of VE-cadherin and may play a role in clearing VE-cadherin from the site of TEM. The process of TEM can be dissected into steps mediated by distinct pairs of PMN/endothelial interacting molecules. CD99 regulates a step at or close to the end of TEM. CD99 signals through soluble adenylyl cyclase to activate PKA to trigger ongoing targeted recycling of the LBRC. Paracellular transmigration predominates (≥90% of events) in the cremaster muscle circulation, but transcellular migration may be more important at sites such as the blood-brain barrier. Both processes involve many of the same molecules and recruitment of the LBRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Qu C, Ding M, Zhu Y, Lu Y, Du J, Miller M, Tian J, Zhu J, Xu J, Wen M, Er-Bu AGA, Wang J, Xiao Y, Wu M, McManus OB, Li M, Wu J, Luo HR, Cao Z, Shen B, Wang H, Zhu MX, Hong X. Pyrazolopyrimidines as Potent Stimulators for Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3/6/7 Channels. J Med Chem 2017; 60:4680-4692. [PMID: 28395140 PMCID: PMC5720685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical 3/6/7 (TRPC3/6/7) are highly homologous receptor-operated nonselective cation channels. Despite their physiological significance, very few selective and potent agonists are available for functional examination of these channels. Using a cell-based high throughput screening approach, a lead compound with the pyrazolopyrimidine skeleton was identified as a TRPC6 agonist. Synthetic schemes for the lead and its analogues were established, and structural-activity relationship studies were carried out. A series of potent and direct agonists of TRPC3/6/7 channels were identified, and among them, 4m-4p have a potency order of TRPC3 > C7 > C6, with 4n being the most potent with an EC50 of <20 nM on TRPC3. Importantly, these compounds exhibited no stimulatory activity on related TRP channels. The potent and selective compounds described here should be suitable for evaluation of the roles of TRPC channels in the physiology and pathogenesis of diseases, including glomerulosclerosis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Mingmin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Yingmin Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Yungang Lu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Juan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Melissa Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jinbin Tian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Jinmei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Provincial Key laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
- The International Scientist Working Station of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Meng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - AGA Er-Bu
- Medical College, Tibet University, Lasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Jule Wang
- Medical College, Tibet University, Lasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Yuling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Owen B. McManus
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Jilin Wu
- The International Scientist Working Station of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huai-Rong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650201, China
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Provincial Key laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Bing Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai, Shangdong Province 264005, China
| | - Michael X. Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- The International Scientist Working Station of Neuropharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
- Medical College, Tibet University, Lasa, Tibet 850000, China
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Proteoglycans, ion channels and cell-matrix adhesion. Biochem J 2017; 474:1965-1979. [PMID: 28546458 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface proteoglycans comprise a transmembrane or membrane-associated core protein to which one or more glycosaminoglycan chains are covalently attached. They are ubiquitous receptors on nearly all animal cell surfaces. In mammals, the cell surface proteoglycans include the six glypicans, CD44, NG2 (CSPG4), neuropilin-1 and four syndecans. A single syndecan is present in invertebrates such as nematodes and insects. Uniquely, syndecans are receptors for many classes of proteins that can bind to the heparan sulphate chains present on syndecan core proteins. These range from cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and morphogens to enzymes and extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins and collagens. Extracellular interactions with other receptors, such as some integrins, are mediated by the core protein. This places syndecans at the nexus of many cellular responses to extracellular cues in development, maintenance, repair and disease. The cytoplasmic domains of syndecans, while having no intrinsic kinase activity, can nevertheless signal through binding proteins. All syndecans appear to be connected to the actin cytoskeleton and can therefore contribute to cell adhesion, notably to the ECM and migration. Recent data now suggest that syndecans can regulate stretch-activated ion channels. The structure and function of the syndecans and the ion channels are reviewed here, along with an analysis of ion channel functions in cell-matrix adhesion. This area sheds new light on the syndecans, not least since evidence suggests that this is an evolutionarily conserved relationship that is also potentially important in the progression of some common diseases where syndecans are implicated.
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Weber EW, Muller WA. Roles of transient receptor potential channels in regulation of vascular and epithelial barriers. Tissue Barriers 2017; 5:e1331722. [PMID: 28581893 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2017.1331722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a ubiquitously expressed multi-family group of cation channels that are critical to signaling events in many tissues. Their roles have been documented in many physiologic and pathologic conditions. Nevertheless, direct studies of their roles in maintain barrier function in endothelial and epithelia are relatively infrequent. This seems somewhat surprising considering that calcium ion concentrations are known to regulate barrier function. This short review provides an introduction to TRP channels and reviews some of the work in which investigators directly studied the role of TRP channels in endothelial permeability to electric current, solute, or leukocytes during the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan W Weber
- a Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Lokey Stem Cell Research Building , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - William A Muller
- b Northwestern University , Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
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Ringvold HC, Khalil RA. Protein Kinase C as Regulator of Vascular Smooth Muscle Function and Potential Target in Vascular Disorders. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 78:203-301. [PMID: 28212798 PMCID: PMC5319769 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) plays an important role in maintaining vascular tone. In addition to Ca2+-dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, protein kinase C (PKC) is a major regulator of VSM function. PKC is a family of conventional Ca2+-dependent α, β, and γ, novel Ca2+-independent δ, ɛ, θ, and η, and atypical ξ, and ι/λ isoforms. Inactive PKC is mainly cytosolic, and upon activation it undergoes phosphorylation, maturation, and translocation to the surface membrane, the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and other cell organelles; a process facilitated by scaffold proteins such as RACKs. Activated PKC phosphorylates different substrates including ion channels, pumps, and nuclear proteins. PKC also phosphorylates CPI-17 leading to inhibition of MLC phosphatase, increased MLC phosphorylation, and enhanced VSM contraction. PKC could also initiate a cascade of protein kinases leading to phosphorylation of the actin-binding proteins calponin and caldesmon, increased actin-myosin interaction, and VSM contraction. Increased PKC activity has been associated with vascular disorders including ischemia-reperfusion injury, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetic vasculopathy. PKC inhibitors could test the role of PKC in different systems and could reduce PKC hyperactivity in vascular disorders. First-generation PKC inhibitors such as staurosporine and chelerythrine are not very specific. Isoform-specific PKC inhibitors such as ruboxistaurin have been tested in clinical trials. Target delivery of PKC pseudosubstrate inhibitory peptides and PKC siRNA may be useful in localized vascular disease. Further studies of PKC and its role in VSM should help design isoform-specific PKC modulators that are experimentally potent and clinically safe to target PKC in vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Ringvold
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - R A Khalil
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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38
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Wu X, Indzhykulian AA, Niksch PD, Webber RM, Garcia-Gonzalez M, Watnick T, Zhou J, Vollrath MA, Corey DP. Hair-Cell Mechanotransduction Persists in TRP Channel Knockout Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155577. [PMID: 27196058 PMCID: PMC4873267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the TRP superfamily of ion channels mediate mechanosensation in some organisms, and have been suggested as candidates for the mechanotransduction channel in vertebrate hair cells. Some TRP channels can be ruled out based on lack of an inner ear phenotype in knockout animals or pore properties not similar to the hair-cell channel. Such studies have excluded Trpv4, Trpa1, Trpml3, Trpm1, Trpm3, Trpc1, Trpc3, Trpc5, and Trpc6. However, others remain reasonable candidates. We used data from an RNA-seq analysis of gene expression in hair cells as well as data on TRP channel conductance to narrow the candidate group. We then characterized mice lacking functional Trpm2, Pkd2, Pkd2l1, Pkd2l2 and Pkd1l3, using scanning electron microscopy, auditory brainstem response, permeant dye accumulation, and single-cell electrophysiology. In all of these TRP-deficient mice, and in double and triple knockouts, mechanotransduction persisted. Together with published studies, these results argue against the participation of any of the 33 mouse TRP channels in hair cell transduction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Channels/genetics
- Cochlea/physiology
- Ear, Inner/physiology
- Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hair Cells, Auditory/physiology
- Hearing
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Patch-Clamp Techniques
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- TRPM Cation Channels/genetics
- TRPP Cation Channels/genetics
- Transient Receptor Potential Channels/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Artur A. Indzhykulian
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul D. Niksch
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Roxanna M. Webber
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Miguel Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Terry Watnick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jing Zhou
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Melissa A. Vollrath
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, McGill University Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David P. Corey
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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39
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Membrane translocation of TRPC6 channels and endothelial migration are regulated by calmodulin and PI3 kinase activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:2110-5. [PMID: 26858457 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1600371113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid oxidation products, including lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), activate canonical transient receptor potential 6 (TRPC6) channels leading to inhibition of endothelial cell (EC) migration in vitro and delayed EC healing of arterial injuries in vivo. The precise mechanism through which lysoPC activates TRPC6 channels is not known, but calmodulin (CaM) contributes to the regulation of TRPC channels. Using site-directed mutagenesis, cDNAs were generated in which Tyr(99) or Tyr(138) of CaM was replaced with Phe, generating mutant CaM, Phe(99)-CaM, or Phe(138)-CaM, respectively. In ECs transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-myc-His-Phe(99)-CaM, but not in ECs transfected with pcDNA3.1-myc-His-Phe(138)-CaM, the lysoPC-induced TRPC6-CaM dissociation and TRPC6 externalization was disrupted. Also, the lysoPC-induced increase in intracellular calcium concentration was inhibited in ECs transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-myc-His-Phe(99)-CaM. Blocking phosphorylation of CaM at Tyr(99) also reduced CaM association with the p85 subunit and subsequent activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). This prevented the increase in phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) and the translocation of TRPC6 to the cell membrane and reduced the inhibition of EC migration by lysoPC. These findings suggest that lysoPC induces CaM phosphorylation at Tyr(99) by a Src family kinase and that phosphorylated CaM activates PI3K to produce PIP3, which promotes TRPC6 translocation to the cell membrane.
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40
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Morphological Identification of TRPC7 in Cardiomyocytes From Normal and Renovascular Hypertensive Rats [RETRACTED]. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 67:121-8. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Critical roles of Gi/o proteins and phospholipase C-δ1 in the activation of receptor-operated TRPC4 channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1092-7. [PMID: 26755577 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522294113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) proteins form nonselective cation channels commonly known to be activated downstream from receptors that signal through phospholipase C (PLC). Although TRPC3/C6/C7 can be directly activated by diacylglycerols produced by PLC breakdown of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), the mechanism by which the PLC pathway activates TRPC4/C5 remains unclear. We show here that TRPC4 activation requires coincident stimulation of Gi/o subgroup of G proteins and PLCδ, with a preference for PLCδ1 over PLCδ3, but not necessarily the PLCβ pathway commonly thought to be involved in receptor-operated TRPC activation. In HEK293 cells coexpressing TRPC4 and Gi/o-coupled µ opioid receptor, µ agonist elicited currents biphasically, with an initial slow phase preceding a rapidly developing phase. The currents were dependent on intracellular Ca(2+) and PIP2. Reducing PIP2 through phosphatases abolished the biphasic kinetics and increased the probability of channel activation by weak Gi/o stimulation. In both HEK293 cells heterologously expressing TRPC4 and renal carcinoma-derived A-498 cells endogenously expressing TRPC4, channel activation was inhibited by knocking down PLCδ1 levels and almost completely eliminated by a dominant-negative PLCδ1 mutant and a constitutively active RhoA mutant. Conversely, the slow phase of Gi/o-mediated TRPC4 activation was diminished by inhibiting RhoA or enhancing PLCδ function. Our data reveal an integrative mechanism of TRPC4 on detection of coincident Gi/o, Ca(2+), and PLC signaling, which is further modulated by the small GTPase RhoA. This mechanism is not shared with the closely related TRPC5, implicating unique roles of TRPC4 in signal integration in brain and other systems.
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Sawamura S, Hatano M, Takada Y, Hino K, Kawamura T, Tanikawa J, Nakagawa H, Hase H, Nakao A, Hirano M, Rotrattanadumrong R, Kiyonaka S, Mori MX, Nishida M, Hu Y, Inoue R, Nagata R, Mori Y. Screening of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channel Activators Identifies Novel Neurotrophic Piperazine Compounds. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 89:348-63. [PMID: 26733543 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.102863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) proteins form Ca(2+)-permeable cation channels activated upon stimulation of metabotropic receptors coupled to phospholipase C. Among the TRPC subfamily, TRPC3 and TRPC6 channels activated directly by diacylglycerol (DAG) play important roles in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, promoting neuronal development and survival. In various disease models, BDNF restores neurologic deficits, but its therapeutic potential is limited by its poor pharmacokinetic profile. Elucidation of a framework for designing small molecules, which elicit BDNF-like activity via TRPC3 and TRPC6, establishes a solid basis to overcome this limitation. We discovered, through library screening, a group of piperazine-derived compounds that activate DAG-activated TRPC3/TRPC6/TRPC7 channels. The compounds [4-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl](3-fluorophenyl)methanone (PPZ1) and 2-[4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-ethoxyphenyl)acetamide (PPZ2) activated, in a dose-dependent manner, recombinant TRPC3/TRPC6/TRPC7 channels, but not other TRPCs, in human embryonic kidney cells. PPZ2 activated native TRPC6-like channels in smooth muscle cells isolated from rabbit portal vein. Also, PPZ2 evoked cation currents and Ca(2+) influx in rat cultured central neurons. Strikingly, both compounds induced BDNF-like neurite growth and neuroprotection, which were abolished by a knockdown or inhibition of TRPC3/TRPC6/TRPC7 in cultured neurons. Inhibitors of Ca(2+) signaling pathways, except calcineurin, impaired neurite outgrowth promotion induced by PPZ compounds. PPZ2 increased activation of the Ca(2+)-dependent transcription factor, cAMP response element-binding protein. These findings suggest that Ca(2+) signaling mediated by activation of DAG-activated TRPC channels underlies neurotrophic effects of PPZ compounds. Thus, piperazine-derived activators of DAG-activated TRPC channels provide important insights for future development of a new class of synthetic neurotrophic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seishiro Sawamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Masahiko Hatano
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Yoshinori Takada
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Kyosuke Hino
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Tetsuya Kawamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Jun Tanikawa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Hideharu Hase
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Akito Nakao
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Mitsuru Hirano
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Rachapun Rotrattanadumrong
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Shigeki Kiyonaka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Masayuki X Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Yaopeng Hu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Ryu Nagata
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering (S.S., Ma.H., Y.T., H.H., Mi.H., R.R., S.K., M.X.M., Y.M.), and Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies (S.K., Y.M.), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan (Y.T., K.H., T.K., J.T., H.N., R.N.); Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan (A.N.); Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan (M.N.); and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., R.I.)
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Bouron A, Chauvet S, Dryer S, Rosado JA. Second Messenger-Operated Calcium Entry Through TRPC6. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:201-49. [PMID: 27161231 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Canonical transient receptor potential 6 (TRPC6) proteins assemble into heteromultimeric structures forming non-selective cation channels. In addition, many TRPC6-interacting proteins have been identified like some enzymes, channels, pumps, cytoskeleton-associated proteins, immunophilins, or cholesterol-binding proteins, indicating that TRPC6 are engaged into macromolecular complexes. Depending on the cell type and the experimental conditions used, TRPC6 activity has been reported to be controlled by diverse modalities. For instance, the second messenger diacylglycerol, store-depletion, the plant extract hyperforin or H2O2 have all been shown to trigger the opening of TRPC6 channels. A well-characterized consequence of TRPC6 activation is the elevation of the cytosolic concentration of Ca(2+). This latter response can reflect the entry of Ca(2+) through open TRPC6 channels but it can also be due to the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (operating in its reverse mode) or voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (recruited in response to a TRPC6-mediated depolarization). Although TRPC6 controls a diverse array of biological functions in many tissues and cell types, its pathophysiological functions are far from being fully understood. This chapter covers some key features of TRPC6, with a special emphasis on their biological significance in kidney and blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bouron
- Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France. .,CNRS, iRTSV-LCBM, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Sylvain Chauvet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, iRTSV-LCBM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Stuart Dryer
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 7 (TRPC7), a Calcium (Ca(2+)) Permeable Non-selective Cation Channel. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:251-64. [PMID: 27161232 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical subfamily, member 7 (TRPC7) is the most recently identified member of the TRPC family of Ca(2+)-permeable non-selective cation channels. The gene encoding the TRPC7 channel plasma membrane protein was first cloned from mouse brain. TRPC7 mRNA and protein have been detected in cell types derived from multiple organ systems from various species including humans. Gq-coupled protein receptor activation is the predominant mode of TRPC7 activation. Lipid metabolites involved in the phospholipase C (PLC) signaling pathway, including diacylglycerol (DAG) and its precursor the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), have been shown to be direct regulators of TRPC7 channel. TRPC7 channels have been linked to the regulation of various cellular functions however, the depth of our understanding of TRPC7 channel function and regulation is limited in comparison to other TRP channel family members. This review takes a historical look at our current knowledge of TRPC7 mechanisms of activation and its role in cellular physiology and pathophysiology.
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Horinouchi T, Terada K, Higashi T, Miwa S. Using Phos-Tag in Western Blotting Analysis to Evaluate Protein Phosphorylation. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1397:267-277. [PMID: 26676139 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3353-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation has traditionally been detected by radioisotope phosphate labeling of proteins with radioactive ATP. Several nonradioactive assays with phosphorylation site-specific antibodies are now available for the analysis of phosphorylation status at target sites. However, due to their high specificity, these antibodies they cannot be used to detect unidentified phosphorylation sites. Recently, Phos-tag technology has been developed to overcome the disadvantages and limitations of phosphospecific antibodies. Phos-tag and its derivatives conjugated to biotin, acrylamide, or agarose, form alkoxide-bridged dinuclear metal complexes, which can capture phosphate monoester dianions bound to serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues, in an amino acid sequence-independent manner. Here, we describe our method, which is based on in vitro kinase assay and Western blotting analysis using biotinylated Phos-tag and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin, to determine the sites of TRPC6 (transient receptor potential canonical 6) channel phosphorylated by protein kinase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Horinouchi
- Department of Cellular Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Koji Terada
- Department of Cellular Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tsunehito Higashi
- Department of Cellular Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Soichi Miwa
- Department of Cellular Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
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Ambrus L, Oláh A, Oláh T, Balla G, Saleem MA, Orosz P, Zsuga J, Bíró K, Csernoch L, Bíró T, Szabó T. Inhibition of TRPC6 by protein kinase C isoforms in cultured human podocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2771-9. [PMID: 26404773 PMCID: PMC4687697 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical‐6 (TRPC6) ion channels, expressed at high levels in podocytes of the filtration barrier, are recently implicated in the pathogenesis of various forms of proteinuric kidney diseases. Indeed, inherited or acquired up‐regulation of TRPC6 activities are suggested to play a role in podocytopathies. Yet, we possess limited information about the regulation of TRPC6 in human podocytes. Therefore, in this study, we aimed at defining how the protein kinase C (PKC) system, one of the key intracellular signalling pathways, regulates TRPC6 function and expression. On human differentiated podocytes, we identified the molecular expressions of both TRPC6 and several PKC isoforms. We also showed that TRPC6 channels are functional since the TRPC6 activator 1‐oleoyl‐2‐acetyl‐sn‐glycerol (OAG) induced Ca2+‐influx to the cells. By assessing the regulatory roles of the PKCs, we found that inhibitors of the endogenous activities of classical and novel PKC isoforms markedly augmented TRPC6 activities. In contrast, activation of the PKC system by phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) exerted inhibitory actions on TRPC6 and suppressed its expression. Importantly, PMA treatment markedly down‐regulated the expression levels of PKCα, PKCβ, and PKCη reflecting their activation. Taken together, these results indicate that the PKC system exhibits a ‘tonic’ inhibition on TRPC6 activity in human podocytes suggesting that pathological conditions altering the expression and/or activation patterns of podocyte‐expressed PKCs may influence TRPC6 activity and hence podocyte functions. Therefore, it is proposed that targeted manipulation of certain PKC isoforms might be beneficial in certain proteinuric kidney diseases with altered TRPC6 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Ambrus
- DE-MTA "Lendület" Cellular Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Oláh
- DE-MTA "Lendület" Cellular Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Oláh
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Balla
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Moin A Saleem
- Renal Academic Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Petronella Orosz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Zsuga
- Department of Health Systems Management and Quality Management for Health Care, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Klára Bíró
- Department of Health Systems Management and Quality Management for Health Care, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bíró
- DE-MTA "Lendület" Cellular Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szabó
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Weber EW, Han F, Tauseef M, Birnbaumer L, Mehta D, Muller WA. TRPC6 is the endothelial calcium channel that regulates leukocyte transendothelial migration during the inflammatory response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:1883-99. [PMID: 26392222 PMCID: PMC4612081 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Weber et al. identify TRPC6 as the calcium channel mediating the transient increase in endothelial cytosolic free calcium concentration required for transendothelial migration of leukocytes during the inflammatory response. Leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) is a tightly regulated, multistep process that is critical to the inflammatory response. A transient increase in endothelial cytosolic free calcium ion concentration (↑[Ca2+]i) is required for TEM. However, the mechanism by which endothelial ↑[Ca2+]i regulates TEM and the channels mediating this ↑[Ca2+]i are unknown. Buffering ↑[Ca2+]i in endothelial cells does not affect leukocyte adhesion or locomotion but selectively blocks TEM, suggesting a role for ↑[Ca2+]i specifically for this step. Transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6), a Ca2+ channel expressed in endothelial cells, colocalizes with platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM) to surround leukocytes during TEM and clusters when endothelial PECAM is engaged. Expression of dominant-negative TRPC6 or shRNA knockdown in endothelial cells arrests neutrophils apically over the junction, similar to when PECAM is blocked. Selectively activating endothelial TRPC6 rescues TEM during an ongoing PECAM blockade, indicating that TRPC6 functions downstream of PECAM. Furthermore, endothelial TRPC6 is required for trafficking of lateral border recycling compartment membrane, which facilitates TEM. Finally, mice lacking TRPC6 in the nonmyeloid compartment (i.e., endothelium) exhibit a profound defect in neutrophil TEM with no effect on leukocyte trafficking. Our findings identify endothelial TRPC6 as the calcium channel mediating the ↑[Ca2+]i required for TEM at a step downstream of PECAM homophilic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan W Weber
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Mohammad Tauseef
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois in Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois in Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
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Tomilin V, Mamenko M, Zaika O, Pochynyuk O. Role of renal TRP channels in physiology and pathology. Semin Immunopathol 2015; 38:371-83. [PMID: 26385481 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-015-0527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Kidneys critically contribute to the maintenance of whole-body homeostasis by governing water and electrolyte balance, controlling extracellular fluid volume, plasma osmolality, and blood pressure. Renal function is regulated by numerous systemic endocrine and local mechanical stimuli. Kidneys possess a complex network of membrane receptors, transporters, and ion channels which allows responding to this wide array of signaling inputs in an integrative manner. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family members with diverse modes of activation, varied permeation properties, and capability to integrate multiple downstream signals are pivotal molecular determinants of renal function all along the nephron. This review summarizes experimental data on the role of TRP channels in a healthy mammalian kidney and discusses their involvement in renal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Tomilin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mykola Mamenko
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Oleg Zaika
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Oleh Pochynyuk
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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49
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Jones S, Evans RJ, Mahaut-Smith MP. Ca2+ influx through P2X1 receptors amplifies P2Y1 receptor-evoked Ca2+ signaling and ADP-evoked platelet aggregation. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:243-51. [PMID: 24923466 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.092528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cells express both P2X cation channels and P2Y G-protein-coupled receptors that are costimulated by nucleotides released during physiologic or pathophysiologic responses. For example, during hemostasis and thrombosis, ATP-gated P2X1 channels and ADP-stimulated P2Y1 and P2Y12 G-protein coupled receptors play important roles in platelet activation. It has previously been reported that P2X1 receptors amplify P2Y1-evoked Ca(2+) responses in platelets, but the underlying mechanism and influence on function is unknown. In human platelets, we show that maximally activated P2X1 receptors failed to stimulate significant aggregation but could amplify the aggregation response to a submaximal concentration of ADP. Costimulation of P2X1 and P2Y1 receptors generated a superadditive Ca(2+) increase in both human platelets and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells via a mechanism dependent on Ca(2+) influx rather than Na(+) influx or membrane depolarization. The potentiation, due to an enhanced P2Y1 response, was observed if ADP was added up to 60 seconds after P2X1 activation. P2X1 receptors also enhanced Ca(2+) responses when costimulated with type 1 protease activated and M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. The P2X1-dependent amplification of Gq-coupled [Ca(2+)]i increase was mimicked by ionomycin and was not affected by inhibition of protein kinase C, Rho-kinase, or extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, which suggests that it results from potentiation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and/or phospholipase C. We conclude that Ca(2+) influx through P2X1 receptors amplifies Ca(2+) signaling through P2Y1 and other Gq-coupled receptors. This represents a general form of co-incidence detection of ATP and coreleased agonists, such as ADP at sites of vascular injury or synaptic transmitters acting at metabotropic Gq-coupled receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jones
- University of Leicester, Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Evans
- University of Leicester, Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn P Mahaut-Smith
- University of Leicester, Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, Leicester, United Kingdom
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50
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Physiological Function and Characterization of TRPCs in Neurons. Cells 2014; 3:455-75. [PMID: 24852263 PMCID: PMC4092863 DOI: 10.3390/cells3020455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ entry is essential for regulating vital physiological functions in all neuronal cells. Although neurons are engaged in multiple modes of Ca2+ entry that regulates variety of neuronal functions, we will only discuss a subset of specialized Ca2+-permeable non-selective Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channels and summarize their physiological and pathological role in these excitable cells. Depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores, due to G-protein coupled receptor activation, has been shown to activate TRPC channels in both excitable and non-excitable cells. While all seven members of TRPC channels are predominately expressed in neuronal cells, the ion channel properties, mode of activation, and their physiological responses are quite distinct. Moreover, many of these TRPC channels have also been suggested to be associated with neuronal development, proliferation and differentiation. In addition, TRPCs also regulate neurosecretion, long-term potentiation and synaptic plasticity. Similarly, perturbations in Ca2+ entry via the TRPC channels have been also suggested in a spectrum of neuropathological conditions. Hence, understanding the precise involvement of TRPCs in neuronal function and in neurodegenerative conditions would presumably unveil avenues for plausible therapeutic interventions for these devastating neuronal diseases.
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