1
|
Baugh Littlejohns L, McKee G, Rasali D, Naiman D, Mee J, Osborne T, Dang P, Winters M, Lear SA, Nelson D, McGinley S, Faulkner G. Follow the Arrows: Using a Co-Created Causal Loop Diagram to Explore Leverage Points to Strengthen Population Physical Activity Promotion in British Columbia, Canada. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:765-777. [PMID: 38729618 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population physical activity promotion (PPAP) is one of the most effective noncommunicable disease prevention strategies, yet coordination is lacking around the world. Whole-of-system approaches and complex systems methods are called for to advance PPAP. This paper reports on a project which (1) used an Attributes Framework with system mapping (group model building and causal loop diagramming of feedback loops) and (2) identified potential leverage points to address the challenge of effective coordination of multisectoral PPAP in British Columbia. METHODS Key findings from stakeholder interviews and workshops described the current system for PPAP in terms of attributes and dimensions in the framework. These were translated into variables and used in group model building. Participants prioritized the importance of variables to address the coordination challenge and then created causal loop diagrams in 3 small groups. One collective causal loop diagram was created, and top priority variables and associated feedback loops were highlighted to explore potential leverage points. RESULTS Leverage points included the relationships and feedback loops among priority variables: political leadership, visible policy support and governance, connectivity for knowledge translation, collaborative multisector grants, multisector collaboration, and integrating co-benefits. Leveraging and altering "vicious" cyclical patterns to increase coordinated multisector PPAP are key. CONCLUSIONS The Attributes Framework, group model building and causal loop diagrams, and emergent feedback loops were useful to explore potential leverage points to address the challenge of multisectoral coordination of PPAP. Future research could apply the same methods in other jurisdictions and compare and contrast resultant frameworks, variables, feedback loops, and leverage points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Baugh Littlejohns
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Drona Rasali
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Jennafer Mee
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Phuc Dang
- BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Diane Nelson
- West Vancouver School District, West Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Guy Faulkner
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ding D, Chastin S, Salvo D, Nau T, Gebel K, Sanchez-Lastra MA, Luo M, Crochemore-Silva I, Ekelund U, Bauman A. Realigning the physical activity research agenda for population health, equity, and wellbeing. Lancet 2024:S0140-6736(24)01540-X. [PMID: 39067460 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sebastien Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, UK; Department of Movement and Sport Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Deborah Salvo
- People, Health, and Place Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; School of Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Tracy Nau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Klaus Gebel
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra
- Department of Special Didactics, Faculty of Education and Sports Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain; Wellness and Movement Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain; Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mengyun Luo
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Inacio Crochemore-Silva
- Federal University of Pelotas, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology and Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Söder J, Roman E, Berndtsson J, Lindroth K, Bergh A. Effects of a physical exercise programme on bodyweight, body condition score and chest, abdominal and thigh circumferences in dogs. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:299. [PMID: 38971722 PMCID: PMC11227157 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the effects of physical exercise on canine body composition is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a physical exercise programme on bodyweight, body condition score (BCS) and chest, abdominal and thigh circumferences in dogs. Twenty-one healthy dogs of different breeds exercised together with their owners during an eight-week programme consisting of jogging and strength exercises. Standardised measurements were performed in triplicates with a measuring tape on standing dogs. Chest circumference was measured at three anatomical locations, abdomen at two and thigh at one. Data on bodyweight, BCS (9-point scale) and circumferences were analysed with mixed model repeated measures analyses to evaluate changes after the programme and effects of target distance. RESULTS Seven dog owners choose a target distance of 2 km and 14 owners choose 5-10 km. Mean BCS decreased (P = 0.007) after the programme (5.1 ± 0.9 vs. 4.7 ± 0.6) but there was no effect of target distance. Almost all chest and abdominal circumference measurements decreased (P ≤ 0.007) with the 2 km group driving the reduction in chest circumference and the 5-10 km group driving the reduction in abdominal circumference. In contrast, thigh circumference (28.8 ± 0.4 vs. 30.2 ± 0.4) increased (P = 0.007) while bodyweight was maintained. There were positive correlations between BCS and abdominal/chest ratios before and after the programme (Pearson correlation; R square ≤ 0.43, P ≤ 0.0012) but the mean ratio remained constant. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated a redistribution between total body fat and muscle mass in body composition of normal weight to slightly overweight dogs after the physical exercise programme. The use of bodyweight alone was not a reliable evaluation method to complement the BCS assessment. However, repeated measurements of chest, abdominal and thigh circumference might aid in the assessment of body composition in dogs performing physical exercise. Further research should include a control group and objective evaluations of total body fat and lean mass, in order to investigate the effectiveness of physical exercise as a freestanding method for decreasing BCS and increasing muscle mass in overweight dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josefin Söder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7054, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden.
| | - Erika Roman
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7023, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 591, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden
| | - Johanna Berndtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7054, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Katrin Lindroth
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7054, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| | - Anna Bergh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7054, Uppsala, 75007, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Merellano-Navarro E, Godoy-Cumillaf A, Collado-Mateo D, Aguilar-Valdés M, Torres-Mejías J, Almonacid-Fierro A, Valdés-Badilla P, Giakoni-Ramírez F, Bruneau-Chávez J, Olivares PR. Effectiveness of an Ecological Model-Based Active Transport Education Program on Physical and Mental Health in High School Students (MOV-ES Project): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1259. [PMID: 38998794 PMCID: PMC11241461 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The United Nations, through its 2030 Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals, advocates for the establishment of conducive environments for physical activity, following the ecological model. In line with this initiative, active transportation emerges as an accessible, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to augmenting daily physical activity levels. This study protocol endeavors to assess the impact of an active transportation education program rooted in the ecological model on the physical and mental well-being of high school students. Drawing upon scientific insights, we hypothesize that a 16-week active transportation intervention will lead to a 3% reduction in average body fat percentage and a noteworthy enhancement in executive function (including inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory), physical fitness (comprising cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength), and mental health (encompassing mood disorders and cognitive functioning). If this intervention proves effective, it could offer a viable solution for the school community, especially in reducing congestion within the school environment. The study protocol aims to evaluate the impact of an active transportation educational program based on the ecological model on the physical and mental well-being of high school students. Three high schools located in the urban area of Talca, Chile, will be randomly selected (one public, one privately subsidized, and one private non-subsidized). Each high school will be randomly assigned an experimental group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30; without intervention). The experimental groups will receive an active transportation educational intervention during their physical education classes for four months (60 to 90 min sessions, once a week), while the control group will receive no intervention. The primary outcome will provide information on body composition and executive function. Secondary outcomes will include objective physical activity level, physical fitness, mental well-being, academic achievement, health-related quality of life, perception of environmental urban features, physical activity barriers, and adherence to active transportation. It is expected that the results of the MOV-ES Project will transcend the physical health of schoolchildren and will have an impact on the school community, especially by decongesting the school environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Merellano-Navarro
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
| | - Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Daniel Collado-Mateo
- Sport Sciences Research Center, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada, 28943 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mirko Aguilar-Valdés
- Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
| | - Jorge Torres-Mejías
- Doctoral Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
| | - Alejandro Almonacid-Fierro
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
| | - Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3530000, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Frano Giakoni-Ramírez
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile
| | - José Bruneau-Chávez
- Departamento de Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pedro R Olivares
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Florindo AA, Paula IVFD, Andrade DR, Sarti FM, Mota J, Santos MP, Knebel MTG, de Souza Wanderley Júnior R, Garcia LMT. [How to improve active mobility in São Paulo, Brazil? Survey with leaders of nongovernmental organizations and public and private sector managers]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2024; 40:e00117323. [PMID: 38896598 PMCID: PMC11178370 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xpt117323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe a quantitative survey conducted with leaders to investigate effective and feasible actions that can be evaluated in computational models to inform policies to promote active mobility based in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. In 2022, an online survey was conducted during the Health Survey in São Paulo (Physical Activity and Environment study), which is monitored by representatives of nongovernmental organizations and public and private sector managers. A questionnaire was elaborated with three questions with 13 alternative answers about actions to promote walking and/or cycling. Leaders should select up to three alternatives based on their potential regarding: (1) effectiveness; (2) feasibility or ease of implementation; and (3) desire to verify tests in computational models to inform policies. The survey was answered by 18 leaders from 16 institutions, comprising 13 (72%) women and 12 (67%) representatives of the third sector, whose average age was 48 years and all had complete higher education. Reducing the speed of motor vehicles was the most cited option in all three questions. Other actions mentioned refer to controlling the traffic of vehicles in central areas, improving pedestrian safety, reducing the distances between homes and places of employment, conducting educational campaigns, and expanding and enhancing structures such as bicycle lanes and sidewalks. The results are relevant to support evidence-based decision-making in public management and to provide subsidies for the development of computational models with a view to promoting active mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Antonio Florindo
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Douglas Roque Andrade
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Flávia Mori Sarti
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Actividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Paula Santos
- Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Actividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rocha SV, Alves Dos Santos C, Conceição AF, Palotino-Ferreira BM, Morais DB, Chavane FS, Chaves Dias CR, Lacerda Bachi AL, Mendes R, Brito-Costa S, Silva S, Furtado GE. Implementing regular physical activity for older individuals in the family strategy program using the RE-AIM framework to ensure feasibility and sustainability: EISI study protocol. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2024; 39:101311. [PMID: 38881541 PMCID: PMC11179060 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The EISI study protocol aims to address the low participation rate in physical exercise programs among older individuals, emphasizing its significance as a non-pharmacological therapeutic approach for overall health and increased physical activity. The objectives include implementing physical activity (PA) and educational health programs in Jequié, Bahia, Brazil, targeting the Family Health Strategy population to enhance local physical activity levels among older individuals. The study also seeks to evaluate the program's feasibility, safety, and sustainability for large-scale implementation, along with assessing its impact on immune and inflammatory response biomarkers to the SARS-CoV virus, as well as physical-functional and brain health. Participants, aged 60 or above, will be divided into two groups: multicomponent exercise (MCE) and behavioral change interventions (BCI). The study employs a mixed-method approach, utilizing a non-randomized controlled short-term pathway model for a 4-8 weeks of pilot study and 16-week intervention impact assessment. Data collection encompasses various aspects such as sociodemographic information, mental health, physical fitness, fall risk, functional capacity, anthropometric measurements, hemodynamic assessment, habitual physical activity, and health-related quality of life. Blood and saliva samples are collected for cytokine and antibody biomarker analysis related to SARS-CoV immunity. Pre- and post-intervention evaluations for both groups will be conducted, with the hypothesis that MCE will yield more favorable responses compared to BCI. The study's holistic approach, including the assessment of feasibility, safety, and sustainability, aims to contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3 and SDG 9 b y promoting accessible and sustainable healthcare initiatives for older individuals. This research aligns with global efforts to enhance health and well-being, emphasizing the importance of regular exercise in the aging population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha
- State University of Southwest Bahia, Health Sector II, Av. José Moreira Sobrinho, S/n -Jequiezinho, 45205-490, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Clarice Alves Dos Santos
- State University of Southwest Bahia, Health Sector II, Av. José Moreira Sobrinho, S/n -Jequiezinho, 45205-490, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ariani França Conceição
- State University of Southwest Bahia, Health Sector II, Av. José Moreira Sobrinho, S/n -Jequiezinho, 45205-490, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Bruna Maria Palotino-Ferreira
- State University of Southwest Bahia, Health Sector II, Av. José Moreira Sobrinho, S/n -Jequiezinho, 45205-490, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Danilo Barbosa Morais
- State University of Feira de Santana, Department of Health, Av. Transnordestino, S/n- Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Félix Salvador Chavane
- State University of Feira de Santana, Department of Health, Av. Transnordestino, S/n- Novo Horizonte, 44036-900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
- Eduardo Mondlane University, Higher School of Sport Sciences, Av. Julius Nyerere, N. 3453- Main Campus, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Carolina Rego Chaves Dias
- State University of Southwest Bahia, Health Sector II, Av. José Moreira Sobrinho, S/n -Jequiezinho, 45205-490, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | - André Luís Lacerda Bachi
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Rua Prof. Enéas de Siqueira Neto, 340, 04829-300, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Mendes
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom João III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
- SPRINT - Sport Physical Activity and Health Research INvation cenTer, Rua Dom Joao III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
- Applied Research Uni in Sport Sciences, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom Joao III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Brito-Costa
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom João III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar Dos Cortiços - S. Martinho Do Bispo, 3045-093, Coimbra, Portugal
- NED - Center for Research and Innovation in Education, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom Joao III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Silva
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom João III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
- NED - Center for Research and Innovation in Education, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra Education School, Rua Dom Joao III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- SPRINT - Sport Physical Activity and Health Research INvation cenTer, Rua Dom Joao III - Solum, 3030-329, Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar Dos Cortiços - S. Martinho Do Bispo, 3045-093, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Oyeyemi AL, Ramirez Varela A, Lambert EV, Kohn ER, Hallal PC, Pratt M. An Overview of Physical Activity Research Evolution in Africa: The Global Observatory for Physical Activity-GoPA! J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:434-444. [PMID: 38412851 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the evolution of physical activity (PA) research in Africa, examine income and gender inequalities, and discuss future possibilities. METHODS A secondary analyses of the Global Observatory for Physical Activity data on PA research in Africa (1950-2019). RESULTS We identified 514 PA articles from 47 African countries in the past 70 years. Majority (83.1%) of the articles were published between 2012 and 2019. Fifteen countries had no publications. Six countries (South Africa [n = 156], Nigeria [n = 85], Ethiopia [n = 44], Ghana [n = 41], Kenya [n = 39], and Cameroon [n = 20]) accounted for about 75% of the publications. Most articles were observational (92.4%), single-country studies (78.4%), with male first (58.4%) and last authors (68%), and were classified as surveillance studies (45.1%). Few studies addressed interventions (5.8%) and policy (3.5%) or used device-based PA measurement (14.0%). The number of articles per country was positively related to human population level (r = .552, P = .000) and gross domestic product % spent on research and development (r = .301, P = .040). The publication rate per 100,000 people was positively related with the human development index (r = .349, P = .016) and negatively with the gender inequality index (r = -.360, P = .019). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide an overview and status of PA research in Africa, highlighting country differences and gender inequalities in authorship. The findings may be used to benchmark the evolution of research in the region and to inform areas for improvement. There is an urgent need for more PA interventions and policy studies in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of Physiotherapy, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Andrea Ramirez Varela
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Pediatric Population Health, Houston,TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston,TX, USA
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Research Center for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS), Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Eduardo Ribes Kohn
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro C Hallal
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Michael Pratt
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun Y, Ma D, Jiang Z, Han Q, Liu Y, Chen G. The causal relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior and brain cortical structure: a Mendelian randomization study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae119. [PMID: 38566508 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and sedentary behavior, both distinct lifestyle behaviors associated with brain health, have an unclear potential relationship with brain cortical structure. This study aimed to determine the causal link between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and brain cortical structure (cortical surface area and thickness) through Mendelian randomization analysis. The inverse-variance weighted method was primarily utilized, accompanied by sensitivity analyses, to confirm the results' robustness and accuracy. Analysis revealed nominally significant findings, indicating a potential positive influence of physical activity on cortical thickness in the bankssts (β = 0.002 mm, P = 0.043) and the fusiform (β = 0.002 mm, P = 0.018), and a potential negative association of sedentary behavior with cortical surface area in the caudal middle frontal (β = -34.181 mm2, P = 0.038) and the pars opercularis (β = -33.069 mm2, P = 0.002), alongside a nominally positive correlation with the cortical surface area of the inferior parietal (β = 58.332 mm2, P = 0.035). Additionally, a nominally significant negative correlation was observed between sedentary behavior and cortical thickness in the paracentral (β = -0.014 mm, P = 0.042). These findings offer insights into how lifestyle behaviors may influence brain cortical structures, advancing our understanding of their interaction with brain health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Sun
- Department of Sports Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55, Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Sangnok-Gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Sports Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55, Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Sangnok-Gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenping Jiang
- Department of Sports Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55, Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Sangnok-Gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Qifeng Han
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yining Liu
- Department of Sports Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55, Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Sangnok-Gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Guoyang Chen
- Department of Sports Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55, Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Sangnok-Gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
De Craemer M, Veldman SL, Azevedo LB, Bardid F, Del Pozo Cruz J, Engberg E, Jarani J, Kontsevaya A, Löf M, Martins C, Nalecz H, Okely A, Tremblay M, Venetsanou F, Yildiz M, Reilly JJ. Practical steps needed to achieve impact of the WHO 2019 movement behaviour guidelines for children under the age of 5: the SUNRISE Study Europe Group evaluation. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2024; 39:100869. [PMID: 38803629 PMCID: PMC11129333 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke De Craemer
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Liane B. Azevedo
- Sheffield Hallam University, Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, 2 Old Hall Rd, Sheffield, S93TU, England
| | - Farid Bardid
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Education, 16 Richmond Street, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, Scotland
| | - Jesus Del Pozo Cruz
- Departamento de Educación Fisica y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Elina Engberg
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, 00250, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juel Jarani
- Albanian Sports Science Association, Albania
| | - Anna Kontsevaya
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Healthcare, Russian Federation
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, NEO/Group MLÖ, 141 83 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clarice Martins
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, 4500, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hanna Nalecz
- Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education, ul. Marymoncka 34, 00-968, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anthony Okely
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Australia and Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal Norway
| | - Mark Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Fotini Venetsanou
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Mehmet Yildiz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkiye
| | - John J. Reilly
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, 16 Richmond Street, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
O'Donovan G, Petermann-Rocha F, Ferrari G, Lee IM, Hamer M, Stamatakis E, Sarmiento OL, Ibáñez A, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Associations of the 'weekend warrior' physical activity pattern with all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality: the Mexico City Prospective Study. Br J Sports Med 2024; 58:359-365. [PMID: 38302280 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective was to investigate the benefits of the 'weekend warrior' physical activity pattern in Latin America, where many people take part in high levels of non-exercise physical activity. METHODS Participants in the Mexico City Prospective Study were surveyed from 1998 to 2004 and resurveyed from 2015 to 2019. Those who exercised up to once or twice per week were termed weekend warriors. Those who exercised more often were termed regularly active. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS The main analysis included 26 006 deaths in 154 882 adults (67% female) aged 52±13 years followed for 18±4 years (mean±SD). Compared with those who reported no exercise, the HR (95% CI) was 0.88 (0.83 to 0.93) in the weekend warriors and 0.88 (0.84 to 0.91) in the regularly active. Similar results were observed for cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality, but associations were weaker. Stratified analyses showed that substantial reductions in all-cause mortality risk only occurred when the duration of exercise sessions was at least 30-60 min. The repeated-measures analysis included 843 deaths in 10 023 adults followed for 20±2 years. Compared with being inactive or becoming inactive, the HR was 0.86 (95% CI 0.65 to 1.12) when being a weekend warrior or becoming a weekend warrior and 0.85 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.03) when being regularly active or becoming regularly active. CONCLUSIONS This is the first prospective study to investigate the benefits of the weekend warrior physical activity pattern in Latin America. The results suggest that even busy adults could benefit from taking part in one or two sessions of exercise per week.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary O'Donovan
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Masira, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - I-Min Lee
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute Sport Exercise Health, Division Surgery Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olga L Sarmiento
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC) and CONICET, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fagan MJ, Vanderloo LM, Banerjee A, Ferguson LJ, Lee EY, O'Reilly N, Rhodes RE, Spence JC, Tremblay MS, Faulkner G. Assessing Support for Policy Actions With Co-Benefits for Climate Change and Physical Activity in Canada. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:256-265. [PMID: 38154019 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calls to action addressing the interconnections between physical (in)activity and the climate crisis are increasing. The current study aimed to investigate public support for policy actions that potentially have co-benefits for physical activity promotion and climate change mitigation. METHODS In 2023, a survey through the Angus Reid Forum was completed by 2507 adults living in Canada. Binary logistic regressions were conducted. Separate models were created to reflect support or opposition to the 8 included policy items. Several covariates were included in the models including age, gender, political orientation, physical activity levels, income, urbanicity climate anxiety, and attitudes surrounding physical activity and climate change. The data were weighted to reflect the gender, age, and regional composition of the country. RESULTS Most individuals living in Canada strongly or moderately supported all actions (ranging from 71% to 85%). Meeting the physical activity guidelines, higher self-reported income, and scoring high on personal experience of climate change were associated with higher odds of supporting the policy actions related to climate actions. CONCLUSIONS Most adults living in Canada support policies that align with the recommended policy actions related to physical activity and climate change. National campaigns enhancing awareness and understanding of the bidirectional relationship between physical activity and climate change are warranted, and these should consider the consistent demographic differences (eg, gender, age, and political orientation) seen in public support for physical activity-related policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Fagan
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- ParticipACTION, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ananya Banerjee
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Leah J Ferguson
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Norman O'Reilly
- Graduate School of Business, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - John C Spence
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ahmed MD, Al Salim ZA. Provision of Quality Physical Education to enhance the motive of Physical Activity and its underlying Behavior among university students. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25152. [PMID: 38327484 PMCID: PMC10847599 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) plays a crucial role in promoting good health and an active lifestyle among university students. Quality Physical Education (QPE) program is instrumental in achieving sustainability in PA. Motivation is a key factor in encouraging PA in students. However, motivation alone may not lead to inclusivity unless quality components are thoughtfully integrated into physical education (PE) programs. Aims This study aimed to address three research questions: i) Can the motivation for PA participation be enhanced through the provision of high-quality PE programs in university settings? ii) Does the quality provision of PE contribute to promoting sustainable PA among adolescents? and iii) Is this carry-over process influenced by gender? Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled N = 610 university students, comprising 467 males and 143 females. Only students who had PE as a part of their coursework were included. These students participated in more than 27 different sports and had an average age of 20.76 years (SD = 3.47) and an average of 4.70 years (SD = 4.93) of athletic experience. To achieve the study's objectives, descriptive statistics (mean, SD), Pearson's correlation, and regression analysis were employed. Additionally, a 2 (Gender) by 2 (Type of Sport: Individual vs. Team) MANCOVA, with age as a covariate, was used to assess gender-based differences in the variables. Results The study found that the factors demonstrated strong reliability and positive correlations between QPE and exercise needs satisfaction. However, these factors did not establish significant correlations with PA. Perceived competence for exercise needs satisfaction showed gender differences, with males scoring higher. Additionally, QPE did not exhibit significant gender-based differences. In terms of PA, males had higher mean scores compared to females. Conclusion The provision of QPE was identified as a crucial determinant of exercise satisfaction competence among students. While QPE provision was adequate at the university level, it did not promote PA among females as anticipated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Dilsad Ahmed
- College of Sciences and Human Studies, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Prince Mohammed Bin Fahd University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair A. Al Salim
- Sport Science and Physical Activity Department, University of Hafr Al Batin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Thaisi Garro Knebel M, Turrell G, de Souza Wanderley Júnior R, Pignatti Teixeira I, Silva de Oliveira E, Akira Hino A, Roque Andrade D, Antonio Florindo A. A cohort study examining individual factors influencing cycling as a transportation mode in São Paulo, Brazil. Prev Med Rep 2024; 37:102535. [PMID: 38174325 PMCID: PMC10761767 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between individual-level factors and cycling for transportation in a cohort of participants living in São Paulo city, Brazil. The same participants (n = 1,431 adults) were interviewed in 2014/2015 (Wave 1) and 2020/2021 (Wave 2) as part of the 'São Paulo Health Survey-ISA: Physical Activity and Environment'. For the longitudinal transport cycling binary outcome, participants who reported cycling at both time-points and those who were cycling at Wave 2 only were coded as a positive longitudinal pattern for cycling. Those who were not cycling at either Waves, and those who were cycling at Wave 1 only, were grouped into a negative pattern for cycling. The relationship between the longitudinal patterns for transport cycling and sociodemographics, health characteristics, and behaviors at Wave 1 were tested using bivariate analysis, and the significant individual-level factors were then examined in a multivariable binary logistic regression model. The odds of being classified in the positive cycling pattern were lower for women [OR = 0.09; 95 % CI = 0.04---0.19], and higher for persons aged 30 - 39 [OR = 3.25; 95 % CI = 1.38---7.66], those who owned a bicycle [OR = 2.00; 95 % CI = 1.13---3.54], and those who engaged in ≥ 120 min/week of transport walking [OR = 2.07; 95 % CI = 1.24---3.47] or leisure-time physical activity [OR = 1.77; 95 % CI = 1.02---3.06]. Cycling interventions and promotion should target women, the mid-aged and involve facilitating bicycle access. Advocacy for physical activity interventions is needed to influence transport cycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarethe Thaisi Garro Knebel
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group at University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gavin Turrell
- Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group at University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Inaian Pignatti Teixeira
- Department of Body and Human Movement, Minas Gerais State University, Passos, MG, Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group at University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaynne Silva de Oliveira
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group at University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Akira Hino
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Douglas Roque Andrade
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group at University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alex Antonio Florindo
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group at University of São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Furtado GE, Reis ASLDS, Braga-Pereira R, Caldo-Silva A, Teques P, Sampaio AR, dos Santos CAF, Bachi ALL, Campos F, Borges GF, Brito-Costa S. Impact of Exercise Interventions on Sustained Brain Health Outcomes in Frail Older Individuals: A Comprehensive Review of Systematic Reviews. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3160. [PMID: 38132050 PMCID: PMC10742503 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Several systematic review studies highlight exercise's positive impact on brain health outcomes for frail individuals. This study adopts a Comprehensive Review of reviews (CRs) approach to amalgamate data from existing reviews, focusing on exercise's influence on brain health outcomes in older frail and pre-frail adults. The methodology involves a thorough search of Portuguese, Spanish, and English-indexed databases (i.e., Ebsco Health, Scielo, ERIC, LILACS, Medline, Web of Science, SportDiscus) from 1990 to 2022, with the AMSTAR-2 tool assessing evidence robustness. The search terms "physical exercise", "elderly frail", and "systematic review" were employed. Results: Out of 12 systematically reviewed studies, four presented high-quality (with metanalyses), while eight exhibit critically low quality. Positive trends emerge in specific cognitive and neuromotor aspects, yet challenges persist in psychosocial domains, complex cognitive tasks, and ADL outcomes. This study yields reasonable and promising evidence regarding exercise's influence on quality of life and depression in frail older individuals. However, the impact on biochemical markers remains inconclusive, emphasizing the need for standardized methodologies. Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of acknowledging methodological nuances for clinicians and policymakers when translating these results into impactful interventions for aging populations. This emphasizes the necessity for a comprehensive and customized approach to exercise interventions aimed at fostering the sustainability of overall well-being in older individuals, aligning with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços-S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anne Sulivan Lopes da Silva Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, University of Southwest Bahia and the State University of Santa Cruz (PPGEF/UESB/UESC), Ilhéus 45650-000, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Braga-Pereira
- N2i, Research Centre of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (R.B.-P.); (P.T.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Adriana Caldo-Silva
- Research Centre for Sport and Physical Activity, CIDAF, Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Teques
- N2i, Research Centre of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (R.B.-P.); (P.T.); (A.R.S.)
- CIPER, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Rodrigues Sampaio
- N2i, Research Centre of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (R.B.-P.); (P.T.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Carlos André Freitas dos Santos
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04020-050, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - André Luís Lacerda Bachi
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Francisco Campos
- Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Grasiely Faccin Borges
- Center for Public Policies and Social Technologies, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Praça José Bastos, s/n, Centro, Itabuna 45600-923, Brazil;
| | - Sónia Brito-Costa
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços-S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Research Group in Social and Human Sciences (NICSH), Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
- Human Potential Development Center (CDPH), Polytechnic of Coimbra, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Florindo AA, Onita BM, Knebel MTG, Wanderley Júnior RDS, Teixeira IP, Turrell G. Public Open Spaces and Leisure-Time Walking: A Longitudinal Study With Brazilian People in the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:1027-1033. [PMID: 37591501 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine whether changes in public open spaces (POS) were associated with leisure-time walking (LTW) between 2014 and 2021. METHODS The sample comprised a prospective cohort of individuals living in São Paulo City, Brazil. The baseline sample was collected in 2014/2015 (4042 people aged 12 y or older) and the second wave in 2020/2021 (1431 people aged 18 y or older, 35.4% of total). Changes in POS scores in 500-m network buffers were based on household address, including positive or negative maintenance and increases or decreases in parks, public squares, and bike paths between 2015 and 2020. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate LTW in the baseline and second wave. To examine the association of LTW with changes in POS, we used multilevel models in 4 levels: health administration areas, census tracts, individuals, and observations of individuals. The exposure was the POS tertiles, and the outcome was LTW. RESULTS Changes in LTW prevalence were observed in both periods and according to POS tertiles distributions. When adjusted for time (baseline/second wave), gender, education, and age, the highest POS tertile was significantly associated with a high likelihood for LTW (odds ratio = 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-2.02). CONCLUSION The results showed that people in São Paulo who lived within 500-m buffers with the highest access to POS were more likely to practice LTW between 2014/2015 and 2020/2021. These results have important implications for policies that were implemented in 2014, including the New Master Plan to contribute to São Paulo's good ranking among healthy cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Antonio Florindo
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
- School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
| | - Bianca Mitie Onita
- School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
| | - Margarethe Thaisi Garro Knebel
- School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
| | - Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
| | - Inaian Pignatti Teixeira
- Physical Activity Epidemiology Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo,Brazil
- Minas Gerais State University, Passos,Brazil
| | - Gavin Turrell
- Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC,Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Salvo D, Sharp L, Nyenhuis S. The Important and Often Unrecognized Role of Physical Activity for Disease Management Among Highly Climate Vulnerable Clinical Populations. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:998-1000. [PMID: 37495219 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Salvo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX,USA
| | - Lisa Sharp
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Sharmilee Nyenhuis
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oyeyemi AL, Kolo SM, Oyeyemi AY, Omotara BA, Yahaya SJ, Sallis JF. Neighborhood environment and quality of life among community-living older adults in Nigeria: The moderating effect of physical activity. Prev Med Rep 2023; 35:102330. [PMID: 37554352 PMCID: PMC10404534 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how neighborhood environments are related to older adults' quality of life (QoL) and physical activity (PA) is important for public health actions on healthy ageing in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined associations of perceived neighborhood environment attributes with QoL among older adults in Nigeria and investigated the moderating effects of PA on these associations. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 353 older adults (mean age = 68.9 ± 9.1 years) selected from 5 high- and low-income communities in Maiduguri, Nigeria. QoL, attributes of the neighborhood environments and PA were self-reported using validated questionnaires. Multi-level models were used to examine the direct associations between neighborhood environment attributes and each of the four domains of QoL (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental health), as well as the moderating effects of leisure-time and total PA. Seven of nine neighborhood environment features were positively associated with multiple domains of QoL. Residential density, land-use diversity, land-use mix-access, walking infrastructure, traffic safety and 'overall walkability' were positively related to both or either physical health and environmental health QoL among those who are physically active. In contrast, walking infrastructure, traffic safety, and 'overall walkability' were negatively related to psychological health QoL among those not physically active. Our findings suggest being physically active moderates the association of neighborhood environments with QoL among Nigerian older adults. We suggest that designing age-friendly communities and simultaneously promoting PA may be needed to improve QoL and help prepare the Nigerian society for the predicted increase in the older adult population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adewale L. Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Sanda M. Kolo
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Adetoyeje Y. Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Babatunji A. Omotara
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Shuaibu J. Yahaya
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - James F. Sallis
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Deshayes TA, Périard JD. Regular physical activity across the lifespan to build resilience against rising global temperatures. EBioMedicine 2023; 96:104793. [PMID: 37689024 PMCID: PMC10498184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Population aging, high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, physical inactivity, and rising global temperatures are some of the most pressing issues in public health of the current century. Such trends suggest that individuals increasingly less equipped to tolerate heat will be increasingly exposed to it, which from a public health perspective is alarming. Nonetheless, future impacts of extreme heat events will depend not only on the magnitude of climate change, but on our ability to adapt by becoming less sensitive and vulnerable. Although physical activity's role in mitigating climate change has received attention, its potential contribution to climate change adaptation and resilience remains largely unaddressed. Accordingly, in this viewpoint, we discuss how regular physical activity throughout life could have an important contribution to adapting to rising global temperatures, allowing to be better equipped to cope with heat-related health hazards and increasing individual and community resilience. This viewpoint constitutes a call for more research into the contribution that physical activity can have in adapting to rising global temperatures and, more broadly, to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Deshayes
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada; School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
| | - Julien D Périard
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Goel R. Population-level estimate of bicycle use and fatality risk in a data-poor setting. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2023; 30:333-337. [PMID: 36718605 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2023.2172737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lack of data on exposure for walking and cycling poses a significant barrier to understanding the injury risk of these road users. Though this data paucity is most prevalent across low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), it remains a challenge in many high-income countries as well. A new and simple method has been proposed to estimate population-level cycling distance travelled, with New Delhi, India as a case study. I used two independent estimates to calculate this distance. First, a ratio of motorcycle volume counts to that of cycle volume counts across major roads, and second, the total annual distance travelled by motorcycles. I validate this method using data from London, where cycling distance estimates are available from city-wide traffic volume counts as well as household travel survey. Combining the distance estimates with annual fatalities of corresponding road users, I found that cyclists have about 2 times greater fatality risk per kilometre than motorcycle occupants and about 40 times greater risk than car occupants. To encourage greater use of cycling, there is an urgent need to narrow this gap between the safety of cyclists and that of car occupants. The proposed method can be used to monitor cycling usage and its risk for many settings where traffic surveillance systems do not exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Goel
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Salvo D, Kepper M, Hunter R, Jáuregui A. Built environment and obesity prevention research: moving from niche to norm. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2023; 11:631-633. [PMID: 37620061 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Salvo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Maura Kepper
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ruth Hunter
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alejandra Jáuregui
- Department of Physical Activity and Healthy Lifestyles, Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baldovino-Chiquillo L, Sarmiento OL, O'Donovan G, Wilches-Mogollon MA, Aguilar AF, Florez-Pregonero A, Martínez PA, Arellana J, Guzmán LA, Yamada G, Rodriguez DA, Diez-Roux AV. Effects of an urban cable car intervention on physical activity: the TrUST natural experiment in Bogotá, Colombia. Lancet Glob Health 2023; 11:e1290-e1300. [PMID: 37474235 PMCID: PMC10369015 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cable cars are part of the transport system in several cities in Latin America, but no evaluations of their effects on physical activity are available. TransMiCable is the first cable car in Bogotá, Colombia, and the wider intervention includes renovated parks and playgrounds. We assessed the effects of TransMiCable and the wider intervention on physical activity. METHODS The Urban Transformations and Health natural experiment was a prospective quasi-experimental study conducted from Feb 1, 2018, to Dec 18, 2018 (baseline, pre-intervention) and from July 2, 2019, to March 15, 2020 (post-intervention follow-up) in the TransMiCable intervention area (Ciudad Bolívar settlement) and a control area without TransMiCable (San Cristóbal settlement). A multistage strategy was used to sample households in each area, with one adult (aged ≥18 years) per household invited to participate. Eligible participants had lived in the intervention or control areas for at least 2 years and were not planning to move within the next 2 years. Physical activity was assessed among participants in the intervention and control areas before and after the inauguration of TransMiCable in Ciudad Bolívar with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long form) and with wearable accelerometers. Complete cases (those with baseline and follow-up data) were included in analyses. Respondents were classed as being physically active if they met 2020 WHO guidelines (≥150 min per week of moderate activity, ≥75 min per week of vigorous activity, or equivalent combinations); and accelerometery data were classified with the Freedson cut-points for adults. Data were also gathered in zonal parks (area ≥10 000 m2) and neighbourhood parks (area <10 000 m2) in the intervention and control areas by direct observation with the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities, to assess levels of physical activity before and after the TransMiCable intervention. Multilevel regression models were used to assess changes in physical activity associated with the TransMiCable intervention. FINDINGS Physical activity questionnaires were completed by 2052 adult participants (1289 [62·8%] women and 763 [37·2%] men; mean age 43·5 years [SD 17·7]) before the inauguration of TransMiCable. After the inauguration, the follow-up (final) questionnaire sample comprised 825 adults in the intervention group and 854 in the control group, including 357 adults in the intervention group and 334 in the control group with valid accelerometery data. 334 (40·5%) of 825 participants in the intervention group reported levels of physical activity that met the 2020 WHO guidelines during walking for transport before the intervention, and 426 (51·6%) afterwards (change 11·1 percentage points [95% CI 6·4 to 15·9]). A similar change was observed in the control group (change 8·0 percentage points [3·4 to 12·5]; adjusted odds ratio [OR] for the time-by-group interaction, intervention vs control group: 1·1 [95% CI 0·8 to 1·5], p=0·38). Time spent doing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, measured with accelerometers, did not change in the intervention group after the inauguration of TransMiCable (change -0·8 min per day [-4·6 to 3·0]) and did not change compared with the control group (adjusted β for the time-by-group interaction: 1·4 min per day [95% CI -2·0 to 4·9], p=0·41). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 52·1 min per day (SD 24·7) before and 59·4 min per day (35·2) after the inauguration of TransMiCable in new regular users who reported using TransMiCable during mandatory trips for work or education (n=32; change 7·3 min per day [-22·5 to 7·9]). After the intervention, an increase in the proportion of male individuals engaging in moderate or vigorous physical activity was observed in a renovated zonal park (adjusted OR for the time-by-group interaction, intervention vs control park: 2·7 [1·1 to 6·8], p=0·033). Female users of a renovated neighbourhood park were less likely to become engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity than female users of the control area neighbourhood park (adjusted OR for the time-by-group interaction: 0·4 [0·1 to 0·6], p=0·019). INTERPRETATION It is encouraging that walking for transport remained high in the TransMiCable intervention area when the use of private motorised transport had increased elsewhere in Bogotá. In low-income urban areas, where transport-related walking is a necessity, transport interventions should be focused on efforts to maintain participation in active travel while improving conditions under which it occurs. FUNDING Wellcome Trust (as part of the Urban Health in Latin America project); Bogotá Urban Planning Department; Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation of Colombia; Universidad de Los Andes; Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá; and Universidad del Norte. TRANSLATION For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gary O'Donovan
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; BrainLat, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Instituto Masira, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Maria A Wilches-Mogollon
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Julian Arellana
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Luis A Guzmán
- Grupo de Sostenibilidad Urbana y Regional, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Goro Yamada
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A Rodriguez
- Department of City and Regional Planning and Institute for Transportation Studies, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ana V Diez-Roux
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tiedemann A, Sherrington C, Bauman A, Ding D. Supporting physical activity in an ageing world: a call for action. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 35:100546. [PMID: 37424677 PMCID: PMC10326686 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Tiedemann
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Cathie Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yin C, Liu J, Sun B. Effects of built and natural environments on leisure physical activity in residential and workplace neighborhoods. Health Place 2023; 81:103018. [PMID: 36996594 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated relative contributions of the built and natural environments to and their nonlinear associations with leisure physical activity (PA) in different spatial contexts. Applying gradient boosting decision tree models to data comprising 1049 adults collected in Shanghai, we investigated the associations between built and natural environments and leisure PA in residential and workplace neighborhoods. Results show that the built environment is more important than the natural environment to leisure PA in both residences and workplaces. Environmental attributes have nonlinear and threshold effects. Within certain ranges, land use mix and population density have opposite associations with leisure PA in residences and workplaces, whereas the distance to the city center and the area of water are associated with leisure PA in residences and workplaces with the same direction. These findings help urban planners design context-specific environmental interventions for supporting leisure PA.
Collapse
|
24
|
Oyeyemi AL. Opportunities for Physical Activity Research in Africa: Desert or Oasis? J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:261-262. [PMID: 36854313 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ,USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hallal PC. Journal of Physical Activity and Health's 2022 in Review. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:263-264. [PMID: 36863355 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro C Hallal
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL,USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Goel R, Oyebode O, Foley L, Tatah L, Millett C, Woodcock J. Gender differences in active travel in major cities across the world. TRANSPORTATION 2023; 50:733-749. [PMID: 37035250 PMCID: PMC7614415 DOI: 10.1007/s11116-021-10259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There is lack of literature on international comparison of gender differences in the use of active travel modes. We used population-representative travel surveys for 19 major cities across 13 countries and 6 continents, representing a mix of cites from low-and-middle income (n = 8) and high-income countries (n = 11). In all the cities, females are more likely than males to walk and, in most cities, more likely to use public transport. This relationship reverses in cycling, with females often less likely users than males. In high cycling cities, both genders are equally likely to cycle. Active travel to access public transport contributes 30-50% of total active travel time. The gender differences in active travel metrics are age dependent. Among children (< 16 years), these metrics are often equal for girls and boys, while gender disparity increases with age. On average, active travel enables one in every four people in the population to achieve at least 30 min of physical activity in a day, though there is large variation across the cities. In general, females are more likely to achieve this level than males. The results highlight the importance of a gendered approach towards active transport policies. Such an approach necessitates reducing road traffic danger and male violence, as well as overcoming social norms that restrict women from cycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Goel
- Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Louise Foley
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lambed Tatah
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - James Woodcock
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Baugh Littlejohns L, Near E, McKee G, Rasali D, Naiman D, Faulkner G. A scoping review of complex systems methods used in population physical activity research: do they align with attributes of a whole system approach? Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:18. [PMID: 36864409 PMCID: PMC9979563 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-00961-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex systems approaches are increasingly used in health promotion and noncommunicable disease prevention research, policy and practice. Questions emerge as to the best ways to take a complex systems approach, specifically with respect to population physical activity (PA). Using an Attributes Model is one way to understand complex systems. We aimed to examine the types of complex systems methods used in current PA research and identify what methods align with a whole system approach as reflected by an Attributes Model. METHODS A scoping review was conducted and two databases were searched. Twenty-five articles were selected and data analysis was based upon the following: the complex systems research methods used, research aims, if participatory methods were used and evidence of discussion regarding attributes of systems. RESULTS There were three groups of methods used: system mapping, simulation modelling and network analysis. System mapping methods appeared to align best with a whole system approach to PA promotion because they largely aimed to understand complex systems, examined interactions and feedback among variables, and used participatory methods. Most of these articles focused on PA (as opposed to integrated studies). Simulation modelling methods were largely focused on examining complex problems and identifying interventions. These methods did not generally focus on PA or use participatory methods. While network analysis articles focused on examining complex systems and identifying interventions, they did not focus on PA nor use participatory methods. All attributes were discussed in some way in the articles. Attributes were explicitly reported on in terms of findings or were part of discussion and conclusion sections. System mapping methods appear to be well aligned with a whole system approach because these methods addressed all attributes in some way. We did not find this pattern with other methods. CONCLUSIONS Future research using complex systems methods may benefit from applying the Attributes Model in conjunction with system mapping methods. Simulation modelling and network analysis methods are seen as complementary and could be used when system mapping methods identify priorities for further investigation (e.g. what interventions to implement or how densely connected relationships are in systems).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Baugh Littlejohns
- BC Centre for Disease Control, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4R4, Canada. .,School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 210-6081 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Erin Near
- grid.34429.380000 0004 1936 8198Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Stewart Building, Building #45, Rm 2509, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Geoff McKee
- grid.418246.d0000 0001 0352 641XBC Centre for Disease Control, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4 Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Drona Rasali
- grid.418246.d0000 0001 0352 641XBC Centre for Disease Control, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4 Canada ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Daniel Naiman
- grid.453059.e0000000107220098BC Ministry of Health, Stn Prov Govt, PO Box 9646, Victoria, BC V8W 9P1 Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 210-6081 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Larouche R, Kleinfeld M, Charles Rodriguez U, Hatten C, Hecker V, Scott DR, Brown LM, Onyeso OK, Sadia F, Shimamura H. Determinants of Outdoor Time in Children and Youth: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1328. [PMID: 36674085 PMCID: PMC9859594 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spending more time outdoors can improve children's social and cognitive development, physical activity, and vision. Our systematic review summarized the determinants of outdoor time (OT) based on the social-ecological model. We searched nine databases: MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, SocINDEX, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. To be included, studies needed to be quantitative and longitudinal, include ≥1 potential determinant of OT among 0- to 17-year-olds, and be published in English, French, Japanese, or Spanish. We extracted the authors, publication year, country, design, sample size, OT measures, follow-up period, potential determinants, main results, and potential moderators or mediators. Fifty-five studies examining 119 potential determinants met the inclusion criteria. OT was consistently higher in warmer seasons and among participants reporting more OT at baseline. All three interventions that included both parent sessions and additional resources to promote OT (e.g., specific advice and community guides) were effective. COVID-19 restrictions and sun safety interventions discouraging midday outdoor activities led to less OT. The quality of evidence was rated as weak for 46 studies. Most potential determinants were examined in ≤3 studies; thus, more longitudinal studies are needed to enable stronger conclusions about the consistency of evidence and meta-analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Larouche
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Madeline Kleinfeld
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | | | - Cheryl Hatten
- School of Human Services, Lethbridge College, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
| | - Victoria Hecker
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - David R. Scott
- Library, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Leanna Marie Brown
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Ogochukwu K. Onyeso
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Farzana Sadia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Hanako Shimamura
- Faculty of Applied Community Studies, Douglas College, Coquitlam, BC V3B 7X3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
More Than Ever, It Is Time to Ensure Regular Opportunities for Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents: The Potential of Structured Settings. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:361-363. [PMID: 36854314 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
|
30
|
Teixeira A, Gabriel R, Martinho J, Santos M, Faria A, Oliveira I, Moreira H. Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Relationship With Nature Visits, Connectedness to Nature and Physical Activity. Am J Health Promot 2023; 37:12-29. [PMID: 35953073 PMCID: PMC9755701 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221119089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine the association of visits to the natural environment, connectedness to nature, physical activity, and the adoption of pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) in individuals aged 18 years or older. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING City of Vila Real, located in the north of Portugal. SUBJECTS We recruited 194 individuals (61 men and 133 women) aged 18-75 years. MESURES A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure nature visits, connectedness to nature, PEBs, and demographic characteristics. Neighborhood green space was appreciated through a Simplified Land Occupation Map and physical activity was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers (wGT3X-BT). ANALYSIS Correlations and nonlinear canonical correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The coefficients of canonical and multiple correlations were calculated. RESULTS Nature visits were associated with involvement in environmental volunteering (V = .317, P ≤ .05) among men. In these, higher levels of moderate-vigorous PA were associated with green travel behavior (η2 = .325, P ≤ .05). Connectedness with nature was related (P ≤ .05) to private sphere behaviors, such as purchase of eco-products (η2 = .191) and local/seasonal products (η2 = .186) in females and encouraging care and protection of natural environment (η2 = .336, P ≤ .01) in males. CONCLUSIONS Nature visits, connection to nature, and physical activity levels were related to the adoption of PEBs in the private and public sphere, and these relationships differed between men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Teixeira
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal,Andreia Teixeira, Departamento de Ciências do Desporto, Exercício e Saúde, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal.
| | - Ronaldo Gabriel
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Sports Science, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Martinho
- Geosciences Centre (CGeo), Department of Geology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mário Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Laboratory of Applied Ecology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Aurélio Faria
- Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Department of Sport Science, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Irene Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Mathematics, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal,Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics, CEMAT-IST-UL, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Moreira
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) Department of Sports, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Advocating for Implementation of the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity: Challenges and Support Requirements. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:10-19. [PMID: 36476969 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited understanding of the challenges experienced and supports required to aid effective advocacy of the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity (GAPPA). The purpose of this study was to assess the challenges experienced and supports needed to advocate for the GAPPA across countries of different income levels. METHODS Stakeholders working in an area related to the promotion of physical activity were invited to complete an online survey. The survey assessed current awareness and engagement with the GAPPA, factors related to advocacy, and the perceived challenges and supports related to advocacy for implementation of the GAPPA. Closed questions were analyzed in SPSS, with a Pearson's chi-square test used to assess differences between country income level. Open questions were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS Participants (n = 518) from 81 countries completed the survey. Significant differences were observed between country income level for awareness of the GAPPA and perceived country engagement with the GAPPA. Challenges related to advocacy included a lack of support and engagement, resources, priority, awareness, advocacy education and training, accessibility, and local application. Supports needed for future advocacy included guidance and support, cooperation and alliance, advocacy education and training, and advocacy resources. CONCLUSIONS Although stakeholders from different country income levels experience similar advocacy challenges and required supports, how countries experience these can be distinct. This research has highlighted some specific ways in which those involved in the promotion of physical activity can be supported to scale up advocacy for the GAPPA. When implementing such supports, consideration of regional, geographic, and cultural barriers and opportunities is important to ensure they are effective and equitable.
Collapse
|
32
|
Power D, Lambe B, Murphy N. A critical analysis of walking policy in Ireland and its contribution to both national and international development goals. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1125636. [PMID: 36935882 PMCID: PMC10014795 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1125636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increasing population levels of walking holds benefits for public and planetary health. While individual level interventions to promote walking have been shown to be efficacious, upstream interventions such as policies harness the greatest potential for impact at the population level. However, little is known about the nature and presence of walking policy in Ireland and the extent to which it aligns to national and global goals. This paper aims to provide an overview of local and national walking policy in Ireland and to understand the potential of Irish walking policy to contribute to national and global targets. Methods This study used multiple methods to provide a critical overview of walking policy. Firstly, a six-phase process was employed to conduct a content analysis of local and national walking policy in Ireland. Secondly, conceptual linkage exercises were conducted to assess the contribution of walking, and national walking policy in Ireland, to Ireland's National Strategic Outcomes and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Results Overall, half (n = 13) of the counties in the Republic of Ireland were found to have no local level walking policies. Results from the content analysis suggest that counties which had walking specific local level policies (n = 2) were outdated by almost two decades. Walking was identified to hold the potential to contribute to over half (n = 6) of Ireland's National Strategic Outcomes, and over half (n = 7) of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Ireland's only national level walking specific policy, the Get Ireland Walking Strategy and Action Plan 2017-2020, was identified to potentially contribute to four of Ireland's National Strategic Outcomes and three United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Discussion Multidisciplinary action is required to update walking-related policy with embedded evaluation and governance mechanisms in all local walking systems. Furthermore, given sufficient collaboration across sectors, walking policy in Ireland has the potential to contribute to a wider breadth of national and global targets beyond the health, sport, tourism, and transport sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Power
- Centre for Health Behaviour Research, Department of Sport and Exercise Science, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
- Get Ireland Walking, Mountaineering Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: Dylan Power
| | - Barry Lambe
- Centre for Health Behaviour Research, Department of Sport and Exercise Science, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Niamh Murphy
- Centre for Health Behaviour Research, Department of Sport and Exercise Science, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
The Physical Activity Policy to Practice Disconnect. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:461-464. [PMID: 36928002 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
|
34
|
Global Matrix 4.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Adolescents: Results and Analyses From 57 Countries. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:700-728. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Global Matrix 4.0 on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents was developed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the global variation in children’s and adolescents’ (5–17 y) PA, related measures, and key sources of influence. The objectives of this article were (1) to summarize the findings from the Global Matrix 4.0 Report Cards, (2) to compare indicators across countries, and (3) to explore trends related to the Human Development Index and geo-cultural regions. Methods: A total of 57 Report Card teams followed a harmonized process to grade the 10 common PA indicators. An online survey was conducted to collect Report Card Leaders’ top 3 priorities for each PA indicator and their opinions on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child and adolescent PA indicators in their country. Results: Overall Physical Activity was the indicator with the lowest global average grade (D), while School and Community and Environment were the indicators with the highest global average grade (C+). An overview of the global situation in terms of surveillance and prevalence is provided for all 10 common PA indicators, followed by priorities and examples to support the development of strategies and policies internationally. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 represents the largest compilation of children’s and adolescents’ PA indicators to date. While variation in data sources informing the grades across countries was observed, this initiative highlighted low PA levels in children and adolescents globally. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, local/international conflicts, climate change, and economic change threaten to worsen this situation.
Collapse
|
35
|
Economic Freedom, Climate Culpability, and Physical Activity Indicators Among Children and Adolescents: Report Card Grades From the Global Matrix 4.0. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:745-757. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: Macrolevel factors such as economic and climate factors can be associated with physical activity indicators. This study explored patterns and relationships between economic freedom, climate culpability, and Report Card grades on physical activity-related indicators among 57 countries/jurisdictions participating in the Global Matrix 4.0. Methods: Participating countries/jurisdictions provided Report Card grades on 10 common indicators. Information on economic freedom and climatic factors were gathered from public data sources. Correlations between the key variables were provided by income groups (ie, low- and middle-income countries/jurisdictions and high-income countries/jurisdictions [HIC]). Results: HIC were more economically neoliberal and more responsible for climate change than low- and middle-income countries. Annual temperature and precipitation were negatively correlated with behavioral/individual indicators in low- and middle-income countries but not in HIC. In HIC, correlations between climate culpability and behavioral/individual and economic indicators were more apparent. Overall, poorer grades were observed in highly culpable countries/jurisdictions in the highly free group, while in less/moderately free groups, less culpable countries/jurisdictions showed poorer grades than their counterparts in their respective group by economic freedom. Conclusions: Global-level physical activity promotion strategies should closely evaluate different areas that need interventions tailored by income groups, with careful considerations for inequities in the global political economy and climate change.
Collapse
|
36
|
Association Between Physical Activity Indicators and Human Development Index at a National Level: Information From Global Matrix 4.0 Physical Activity Report Cards for Children and Adolescents. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:737-744. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to explore the associations between the 10 key indicators of the Global Matrix 4.0 project and human development index (HDI) at a national level according to sex, age, area of residence, and ability levels. Methods: Information from the 57 countries/localities included in the Global Matrix 4.0 project was compiled and presented according to the HDI of each country/locality for each of the 10 key indicators. Grades were assigned based on the benchmarks of the Global Matrix 4.0 project ranged between “A+” (best performance) and “F” (worst performance). Results: The population subgroups of females, children, rural residents, with/without disabilities from countries/localities with higher HDI performed better in the organized sport and physical activity indicator than their peers from countries/localities with lower HDI. Children and adolescents living in rural areas of countries/localities with higher HDI showed better performance for active play, and children and adolescents living in urban areas of countries/localities with lower HDI showed better performance for the active transportation. Countries/localities with higher HDI showed better grades for sources of influence than the countries/localities with lower HDI. Conclusions: Physical activity patterns in some population subgroups of children and adolescents differed according to the development level of countries/localities.
Collapse
|
37
|
Nau T, Bauman A, Smith BJ, Bellew W. A scoping review of systems approaches for increasing physical activity in populations. Health Res Policy Syst 2022; 20:104. [PMID: 36175916 PMCID: PMC9524093 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The past decade has increasingly seen systems approaches as a featured theme in public health studies and policy documents. This trend is evident in the area of physical activity, which is a significant global health risk factor that is addressed in WHO’s Global Action Plan on Physical Activity. We undertook a comprehensive scoping review to characterize the application of systems approaches to physical activity, to develop a typology of the objectives, themes and methods of research papers that purported to apply systems thinking to this issue. Methods We searched electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO) for studies published during the period 2010–2021 that explicitly applied systems approaches or methods to investigate and/or address population physical activity. A framework using systems-based methodological approaches was adapted to classify physical activity studies according to their predominant approach, covering basic descriptive, complex analytical and advanced forms of practice. We selected case studies from retained studies to depict the current “state of the art”. Results We included 155 articles in our narrative account. Literature reporting the application of systems approaches to physical activity is skewed towards basic methods and frameworks, with most attention devoted to conceptual framing and predictive modelling. There are few well-described examples of physical activity interventions which have been planned, implemented and evaluated using a systems perspective. There is some evidence of “retrofitted” complex system framing to describe programmes and interventions which were not designed as such. Discussion We propose a classification of systems-based approaches to physical activity promotion together with an explanation of the strategies encompassed. The classification is designed to stimulate debate amongst policy-makers, practitioners and researchers to inform the further implementation and evaluation of systems approaches to physical activity. Conclusion The use of systems approaches within the field of physical activity is at an early stage of development, with a preponderance of descriptive approaches and a dearth of more complex analyses. We need to see movement towards a more sophisticated research agenda spanning the development, implementation and evaluation of systems-level interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12961-022-00906-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Nau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben J Smith
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William Bellew
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bizzozero-Peroni B, Fernández-Giménez S, Pintos-Toledo E, Corvos CA, Díaz-Goñi V, Brazo-Sayavera J. Physical activity-related indicators in children and adolescents in Uruguay: A scoping review based on the Global Matrix initiative. Front Public Health 2022; 10:954621. [PMID: 36159259 PMCID: PMC9490234 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.954621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The first Uruguay's Report Card in 2018 based on the Global Matrix initiative showed the lack of information on physical activity in children and adolescents. This study mapped and examined the available evidence on physical activity-related indicators based on Uruguay's 2022 Report Card. Methods The scoping review was reported using the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed for the period between 2018 and 2021, including electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, Scielo, and Latindex), gray literature (Google Scholar, open access thesis, relevant websites of State-agencies and International Organizations), national and regional relevant journals, and reference lists of key texts. Two researchers independently conducted both the selection and data-charting process. Data items from each paper were charted based on the Population, Concept, and Context elements reflected in the objective of the review. A narrative synthesis and network plots were conducted to summarize the evidence. Results A total of 20 papers were included in this review, consisting of four peer-reviewed scientific papers, three bachelor's theses, four official documents of State-agencies, four Government reports, of which three included national surveys, and five laws. Strengths, weaknesses, and knowledge gaps were identified from the available evidence. We synthesized main challenges such as publishing scientific studies, establishing cross-national and cross-sectoral collaborations in research projects, generating high-quality data, reporting information on social inequality indicators that influence equitable distribution, or increasing access to public information. Our results support early emerging and growth research on this topic. However, despite existing papers on physical activity-related indicators in Uruguayan youths, the lack of high-quality evidence remains clear. Conclusion The findings of this scoping review provide the best available evidence for identifying and overcoming the challenges of physical activity-related indicators research in Uruguay. The methodological framework used could be useful for countries involved in future editions of the Global Matrix initiative. Systematic review registration Open Science Framework, https://osf.io/hstbd/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Sofía Fernández-Giménez
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Enrique Pintos-Toledo
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - César Augusto Corvos
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Valentina Díaz-Goñi
- Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Grupo de Investigación en Análisis del Rendimiento Humano, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- PDU EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Vulnerabilidade à inatividade física: validação de conteúdo dos marcadores para adultos. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ar020766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
40
|
Niedermeier M, Frühauf A, Kopp M. Intention to Engage in Mountain Sport During the Summer Season in Climate Change Affected Environments. Front Public Health 2022; 10:828405. [PMID: 35874984 PMCID: PMC9300943 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.828405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural environments can make it easier to engage in regular physical activity, including mountain sport activities. However, global warming is expected to change natural environments, especially in mountainous regions with potential impacts on physical activity behavior. While there is some evidence of a reduced intention to engage in winter sport in climate change affected environments, little is known on the impact of climate change in mountain sports conducted in the summer season. Therefore, the present study aimed at comparing the effect of being exposed to a climate change affected scenario (CCA) to being exposed to a climate change unaffected scenario (CCU) on the intention to engage in summer mountain sport activities. Furthermore, we aimed to analyze the role of anticipated affective responses in the context of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Using a web-based experimental cross-sectional study design, participants were randomly allocated to scenarios of either CCA or CCU pictures. Participants were asked to complete questions about TPB variables and about affective responses referring to the displayed scenarios. Statistical analyses included tests on group differences and hierarchical linear regression analyses. TPB variables (intention to engage in summer mountain sport, attitude, and perceived behavioral control) did not show significant group differences between CCA (n = 155) and CCU (n = 156), p > 0.131; r < −0.10. Significantly lower anticipated affective valence was found in CCA compared to CCU, p < 0.001, r = −0.43. Affective valence did not significantly improve the TPB model, change in R2 = 0.7%, p = 0.096. However, a higher affective valence was significantly associated with a higher attitude toward summer mountain sport, beta = 0.19, p < 0.001. Intention to engage in summer mountain sport was similar in the groups. Therefore, an immediate reduced engagement in mountain sport activities due to climate change seems unlikely in the summer season, although differentiated findings across various activities of summer mountain sport cannot be excluded. A reduced affective valence during summer mountain sport activities might occur in the presence of signs of climate change in the environment, which may lead to longer-term behavior changes in climate change affected scenarios also in the summer by repeated experiences of reduced valence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Niedermeier
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anika Frühauf
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Kopp
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Physical Activity and Its Barriers and Facilitators among University Students in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127369. [PMID: 35742617 PMCID: PMC9223824 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases worldwide. This study investigated physical activity (PA) level among university students in Qatar and assessed other lifestyle and demographic factors associated with PA. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2017 and February 2018. A self-administered questionnaire, comprising questions from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and other validated questionnaires, was used to assess PA and other lifestyle behaviors, including sedentary behavior, stress, sleep, dietary habits, and smoking habits. The results were reported according to the STROBE guidelines. A total of 370 students (response rate = 95.6%) were recruited from eight universities via quota sampling. The prevalence of physically active students—as per the World Health Organization’s recommendation for PA of 150−300 min/week—was 64.9% (75.2% in males and 58.3% in females). Females and students >20 years old were half as likely to be active compared with males and younger students. More males enjoyed getting regular exercise (83.6% vs. 67.7%, p-value = 0.002). Time spent sitting was similar during weekdays and weekends (mean time ± SD = 480.8 ± 277.7 min/week vs. 492.1 ± 265.0 min/week). Sports facilities and green spaces appear to help increase PA among university students in Qatar. Public health interventions should focus on improving PA-related perception and knowledge among students to further increase PA participation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Cerin E, Sallis JF, Salvo D, Hinckson E, Conway TL, Owen N, van Dyck D, Lowe M, Higgs C, Moudon AV, Adams MA, Cain KL, Christiansen LB, Davey R, Dygrýn J, Frank LD, Reis R, Sarmiento OL, Adlakha D, Boeing G, Liu S, Giles-Corti B. Determining thresholds for spatial urban design and transport features that support walking to create healthy and sustainable cities: findings from the IPEN Adult study. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e895-e906. [PMID: 35561724 PMCID: PMC9731787 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An essential characteristic of a healthy and sustainable city is a physically active population. Effective policies for healthy and sustainable cities require evidence-informed quantitative targets. We aimed to identify the minimum thresholds for urban design and transport features associated with two physical activity criteria: at least 80% probability of engaging in any walking for transport and WHO's target of at least 15% relative reduction in insufficient physical activity through walking. The International Physical Activity and the Environment Network Adult (known as IPEN) study (N=11 615; 14 cities across ten countries) provided data on local urban design and transport features linked to walking. Associations of these features with the probability of engaging in any walking for transport and sufficient physical activity (≥150 min/week) by walking were estimated, and thresholds associated with the physical activity criteria were determined. Curvilinear associations of population, street intersection, and public transport densities with walking were found. Neighbourhoods exceeding around 5700 people per km2, 100 intersections per km2, and 25 public transport stops per km2 were associated with meeting one or both physical activity criteria. Shorter distances to the nearest park were associated with more physical activity. We use the results to suggest specific target values for each feature as benchmarks for progression towards creating healthy and sustainable cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China,Correspondence to: Prof Ester Cerin, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology and Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Delfien van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melanie Lowe
- Melbourne Centre for Cities, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carl Higgs
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Vernez Moudon
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marc A Adams
- College of Health Solutions, Senior Global Futures Scientist, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Futures Laboratory, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rachel Davey
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- Department of Urban Studies and Planning, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA,Graduate Program in Urban Management, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Olga L Sarmiento
- School of Medicine at Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Natural Learning Initiative, College of Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Geoff Boeing
- Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Boeing G, Higgs C, Liu S, Giles-Corti B, Sallis JF, Cerin E, Lowe M, Adlakha D, Hinckson E, Moudon AV, Salvo D, Adams MA, Barrozo LV, Bozovic T, Delclòs-Alió X, Dygrýn J, Ferguson S, Gebel K, Ho TP, Lai PC, Martori JC, Nitvimol K, Queralt A, Roberts JD, Sambo GH, Schipperijn J, Vale D, Van de Weghe N, Vich G, Arundel J. Using open data and open-source software to develop spatial indicators of urban design and transport features for achieving healthy and sustainable cities. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e907-e918. [PMID: 35561725 PMCID: PMC9902524 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benchmarking and monitoring of urban design and transport features is crucial to achieving local and international health and sustainability goals. However, most urban indicator frameworks use coarse spatial scales that either only allow between-city comparisons, or require expensive, technical, local spatial analyses for within-city comparisons. This study developed a reusable, open-source urban indicator computational framework using open data to enable consistent local and global comparative analyses. We show this framework by calculating spatial indicators-for 25 diverse cities in 19 countries-of urban design and transport features that support health and sustainability. We link these indicators to cities' policy contexts, and identify populations living above and below critical thresholds for physical activity through walking. Efforts to broaden participation in crowdsourcing data and to calculate globally consistent indicators are essential for planning evidence-informed urban interventions, monitoring policy effects, and learning lessons from peer cities to achieve health, equity, and sustainability goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoff Boeing
- Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Carl Higgs
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shiqin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Melanie Lowe
- Melbourne Centre for Cities, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Natural Learning Initiative, College of Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anne Vernez Moudon
- Department of Urban Design and Planning, Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marc A Adams
- College of Health Solutions, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Futures Laboratory, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ligia V Barrozo
- Department of Geography, School of Philosophy, Literature, and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Advanced Studies, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara Bozovic
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sara Ferguson
- School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Klaus Gebel
- Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thanh Phuong Ho
- Transport, Health and Urban Design Research Lab, Melbourne School of Design, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Poh-Chin Lai
- Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Joan C Martori
- Department of Economics and Business, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Kornsupha Nitvimol
- Office of the Permanent Secretary for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ana Queralt
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jennifer D Roberts
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Garba H Sambo
- Department of Geography, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - David Vale
- Research Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Design, Lisbon School of Architecture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Guillem Vich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona's Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Geography, Rovira i Virgili University, Vila-seca, Spain
| | - Jonathan Arundel
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Giles-Corti B, Moudon AV, Lowe M, Cerin E, Boeing G, Frumkin H, Salvo D, Foster S, Kleeman A, Bekessy S, de Sá TH, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Higgs C, Hinckson E, Adlakha D, Arundel J, Liu S, Oyeyemi AL, Nitvimol K, Sallis JF. What next? Expanding our view of city planning and global health, and implementing and monitoring evidence-informed policy. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e919-e926. [PMID: 35561726 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This Series on urban design, transport, and health aimed to facilitate development of a global system of health-related policy and spatial indicators to assess achievements and deficiencies in urban and transport policies and features. This final paper in the Series summarises key findings, considers what to do next, and outlines urgent key actions. Our study of 25 cities in 19 countries found that, despite many well intentioned policies, few cities had measurable standards and policy targets to achieve healthy and sustainable cities. Available standards and targets were often insufficient to promote health and wellbeing, and health-supportive urban design and transport features were often inadequate or inequitably distributed. City planning decisions affect human and planetary health and amplify city vulnerabilities, as the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted. Hence, we offer an expanded framework of pathways through which city planning affects health, incorporating 11 integrated urban system policies and 11 integrated urban and transport interventions addressing current and emerging issues. Our call to action recommends widespread uptake and further development of our methods and open-source tools to create upstream policy and spatial indicators to benchmark and track progress; unmask spatial inequities; inform interventions and investments; and accelerate transitions to net zero, healthy, and sustainable cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Billie Giles-Corti
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Anne Vernez Moudon
- Department of Urban Design and Planning, Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Melanie Lowe
- Melbourne Centre for Cities, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Geoff Boeing
- Department of Urban Planning and Spatial Analysis, Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Howard Frumkin
- Center for Health and the Global Environment, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Foster
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Alexandra Kleeman
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Bekessy
- ICON Science, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thiago Hérick de Sá
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Air Pollution and Urban Environment Programme, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Epidemiology and Public Health Network, CIBERSP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carl Higgs
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Centre, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Deepti Adlakha
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, Natural Learning Initiative, College of Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan Arundel
- Healthy Liveable Cities Lab, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shiqin Liu
- School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Kornsupha Nitvimol
- Office of the Permanent Secretary for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
City planning policies to support health and sustainability: an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e882-e894. [PMID: 35561723 PMCID: PMC9906636 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
City planning policies influence urban lifestyles, health, and sustainability. We assessed policy frameworks for city planning for 25 cities across 19 lower-middle-income countries, upper-middle-income countries, and high-income countries to identify whether these policies supported the creation of healthy and sustainable cities. We systematically collected policy data for evidence-informed indicators related to integrated city planning, air pollution, destination accessibility, distribution of employment, demand management, design, density, distance to public transport, and transport infrastructure investment. Content analysis identified strengths, limitations, and gaps in policies, allowing us to draw comparisons between cities. We found that despite common policy rhetoric endorsing healthy and sustainable cities, there was a paucity of measurable policy targets in place to achieve these aspirations. Some policies were inconsistent with public health evidence, which sets up barriers to achieving healthy and sustainable urban environments. There is an urgent need to build capacity for health-enhancing city planning policy and governance, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.
Collapse
|
46
|
Campos-Uscanga Y, Reyes-Rincón H, Pineda E, Gibert-Isern S, Ramirez-Colina S, Argüelles-Nava V. Running in Natural Spaces: Gender Analysis of Its Relationship with Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Well-Being, and Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106019. [PMID: 35627555 PMCID: PMC9141527 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Running is a complete and accessible physical exercise for the population, but little research has been done on the psychological and environmental variables related to its practice. The objective of this research was to determine how emotional intelligence, psychological well-being, and body dissatisfaction are related to running in natural spaces for men and women. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 331 runners from 20 states of the Mexican Republic (55.3% women), between 18 and 80 years old (m = 37.4; SD = 11.5), with an average of 7 years running experience (SD = 9.3). The Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Body Shape Questionnaire were used. The results show that men who run in natural spaces have greater psychological well-being and emotional intelligence (stress management) and less body dissatisfaction, and they run more days per week than those who run in built spaces. Predictors of running in natural spaces were greater psychological well-being and emotional intelligence (stress management). On the other hand, women who run in natural spaces show lower emotional intelligence (stress management) and run for more minutes per day. The predictors for running in natural spaces were identified as lower emotional intelligence (stress management), running for more minutes per day, and practicing another physical exercise. In conclusion, in this heterogeneous sample, natural environments are likely to be related to better performance and certain psychological indicators for runners. However, these relationships differ between men and women, so further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Campos-Uscanga
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico; (Y.C.-U.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Hannia Reyes-Rincón
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico; (Y.C.-U.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Eduardo Pineda
- Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa 91070, Mexico;
| | | | - Saraí Ramirez-Colina
- Sistema de Atención Integral a la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91020, Mexico;
| | - Vianey Argüelles-Nava
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico; (Y.C.-U.); (H.R.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-22-8841-8934
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sustainable Development Perspectives in Physical Education Teacher Education Course Syllabi: An Analysis of Learning Outcomes. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14105955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although school education, including the subject of physical education (PE), has the potential to contribute to the visions set out by the 2030 Agenda and its sustainable development goals (SDGs), little attention has been directed towards sustainable development perspectives in PE teacher education (PETE). In this explorative paper, we aimed to investigate how sustainable development perspectives are reflected in Swedish PETE course syllabi, focusing on learning outcomes. The source of data was 496 learning outcomes retrieved from PETE course syllabi at the eight Swedish PETE institutions that examine PE teachers for compulsory school grades 7−9 and upper secondary school. A qualitative thematical analysis was performed, and two educational resources developed to support how to use education in achieving SDGs were used as a guiding framework. The findings show eight learning outcomes (<2%) explicitly related to sustainable development perspectives. We found these learning outcomes in courses dealing with outdoor education, movement and health didactics, and work environment and ergonomics. Our further analysis suggests that 37 learning objectives (19% as cognitive, 43% as socio-emotional, and 38% as behavioural) and 31 competencies (35% within knowledge and understanding, 32% within skills and applications, and 32% within values and attributes) could be linked to our themes of learning outcomes. These learning objectives and competencies of the SDGs were for good health and well-being, quality education, gender equality, reduced inequalities, peace, justice, and strong institutions. The main findings signal a possibility to work with the conceptualisation of sustainable development perspectives and SDGs in PETE. PETE educators should be encouraged to critically reflect on what it can mean to include sustainable development perspectives in PETE course syllabi.
Collapse
|
48
|
Werneck AO, Araujo RHO, Aguilar-Farias N, Ferrari G, Brazo-Sayavera J, García-Witulski C, Dourado VZ, Barboza LL, Silva ECM, Sadarangani KP, Nieto-Martinez R, García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Silva DR. Time trends and inequalities of physical activity domains and sitting time in South America. J Glob Health 2022; 12:04027. [PMID: 35392582 PMCID: PMC8974534 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.04027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate time trends and inequalities of different physical activity (PA) domains and sitting time (ST) in adults from South American countries. Methods We included cross-sectional data of nationally representative surveys on adults (n = 597 843) from nine South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela), with data collection time frames ranging from 2005 to 2020. Data on different PA domains (leisure-time, transport, and occupational) and ST were assessed through questionnaires. Trends according to education level (quintiles), gender (m/w), and age group (18-34 years, 35-49 years, 50-64 years) were estimated for the harmonized indicators of nonzero PA in the different domains, ≥150 min/week of total PA and ≥8 hours/d of ST. Results Chile (2009/2010 = 78.9% vs 2016/2017 = 70.5%), and Peru (2009/2010 = 78.6% vs 2011 = 69.6%) reduced total PA, while Brazil (2013 = 57.3% vs 2019 = 67.0%) and Uruguay (2006 = 69.4% vs 2013 = 79.4%) increased, and Argentina and Venezuela maintained. There was an increasing trend for ST in Argentina, Peru, and Uruguay. Leisure-time PA increased in most countries (6/8 countries). Transport PA was relatively stable, while occupational PA presented mixed findings. Education inequalities increased over time for total and leisure-time PA, while age and gender inequalities were relatively constant. Conclusions Future South American countries' efforts may be warranted to promote PA and reduce ST in adults, while addressing inequalities when implementing actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo; Brazil
| | - Raphael HO Araujo
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- PDU EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Christian García-Witulski
- Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Espíritu Santo, Ecuador
| | - Victor Z Dourado
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV), Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana L Barboza
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ellen CM Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Kabir P Sadarangani
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile
| | - Ramfis Nieto-Martinez
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Foundation for Clinic, Public Health, and Epidemiology Research of Venezuela (FISPEVEN INC), Caracas, Venezuela
- LifeDoc Health, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Danilo R Silva
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tuluá, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
National Policy Response to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: A Physical Activity Case Study of Wales. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:316-326. [PMID: 35276664 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population level changes in physical activity (PA) may benefit from policy intervention. In response to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Wales introduced legislation to holistically improve health and well-being, including Public Service Boards, to improve the translation of national policy into practice. METHOD An audit of policies published by national and subnational public bodies since 2015 was conducted. Content of the policies were extracted and synthesized to determine: (1) how many policies included a PA action, (2) what the drivers of those policies were, (3) the content of the PA actions, and (4) how the PA actions aligned with the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015. RESULTS Sixteen national-level documents with a PA action were published by 4 of 13 public bodies. The policies vary in terms of the clarity and specificity of the actions, the assignment of clear roles/responsibilities, and the setting of targets. Of the 19 subnational Public Service Boards well-being policies, 15 included PA actions. CONCLUSION This audit provides a valuable example of how connections between national and subnational policy can be achieved. The appointment of Public Service Boards has supported the translation of policies into practice in Wales, and similar approaches could be utilized in other countries.
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang JH, Ramke J, Jan C, Bascaran C, Mwangi N, Furtado JM, Yasmin S, Ogundo C, Yoshizaki M, Marques AP, Buchan J, Holland P, Ah Tong BAM, Evans JR, Congdon N, Webson A, Burton MJ. Advancing the Sustainable Development Goals through improving eye health: a scoping review. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6:e270-e280. [PMID: 35219448 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(21)00351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UN member states have committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. This Review examines the published evidence on how improving eye health can contribute to advancing the SDGs (beyond SDG 3). We identified 29 studies that showed direct benefits from providing eye health services on SDGs related to one or more of poverty (SDGs 1, 2, and 8), education (SDG 4), equality (SDGs 5 and 10), and sustainable cities (SDG 11). The eye health services included cataract surgery, free cataract screening, provision of spectacles, trichiasis surgery, rehabilitation services, and rural community eye health volunteers. These findings provide a comprehensive perspective on the direct links between eye health services and advancing the SDGs. In addition, eye health services likely have indirect effects on multiple SDGs, mediated through one of the direct effects. Finally, there are additional plausible links to other SDGs, for which evidence has not yet been established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine H Zhang
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK.
| | - Jacqueline Ramke
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Covadonga Bascaran
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Nyawira Mwangi
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Clinical Medicine, Kenya Medical Training College, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - João M Furtado
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cynthia Ogundo
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Ophthalmology, Mbagathi Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Miho Yoshizaki
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ana Patricia Marques
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - John Buchan
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Peter Holland
- International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness, London, UK
| | | | - Jennifer R Evans
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Nathan Congdon
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast, UK; Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aubrey Webson
- Permanent Mission of Antigua and Barbuda to the United Nations, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew J Burton
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|