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Somabattini RA, Sherin S, Siva B, Chowdhury N, Nanjappan SK. Unravelling the complexities of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: The role of metabolism, transporters, and herb-drug interactions. Life Sci 2024; 351:122806. [PMID: 38852799 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a mainstream halting liver disease with high prevalence in North America, Europe, and other world regions. It is an advanced form of NAFLD caused by the amassing of fat in the liver and can progress to the more severe form known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Until recently, there was no authorized pharmacotherapy reported for NASH, and to improve the patient's metabolic syndrome, the focus is mainly on lifestyle modification, weight loss, ensuring a healthy diet, and increased physical activity; however, the recent approval of Rezdiffra (Resmetirom) by the US FDA may change this narrative. As per the reported studies, there is an increased articulation of uptake and efflux transporters of the liver, including OATP and MRP, in NASH, leading to changes in the drug's pharmacokinetic properties. This increase leads to alterations in the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. Furthermore, modifications in Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes can have a significant impact on these properties. Xenobiotics are metabolized primarily in the liver and constitute liver enzymes and transporters. This review aims to delve into the role of metabolism, transport, and potential herb-drug interactions in the context of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Adinarayan Somabattini
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Sahla Sherin
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhukya Siva
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Neelanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Satheesh Kumar Nanjappan
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
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Lattos A, Makri V, Papadopoulos DK, Gourzioti E, Pagonis C, Georgoulis I, Karagiannis D, Theodorou JA, Michaelidis B, Giantsis IA, Feidantsis K. Molecular characterization of Lernathropus kroyeri from intensive aquaculture and pathophysiology of infested sea bass. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109576. [PMID: 38670414 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The copepod Lernathropus kroyeri constitutes one of the major parasites for the Mediterranean aquaculture, infesting the sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax causing thus disruptions of growth performance and occasionally mortalities. Despite the large spread and the high frequency of this parasite in mariculture farms of Eastern Mediterranean, L. kroyeri genetic profile from aquaculture as well as the pathophysiological response of D. labrax have not been studied so far. Keeping this in mind, in the present study we investigated the L. kroyeri infestation on D. labrax from two farms in Greece, examining both healthy and heavy parasitized individuals. Assays included histopathology, phylogenetic reconstruction of the parasite and physiological response of the fish by the means of antioxidant, inflammatory metabolic and stress related gene expression analysis at both mRNA and protein levels. Genetic analysis indicated that L. kroyeri composes a monophyletic group, highly phylogenetically distant from other congeneric groups. Heavy infested D. labrax witnessed a significantly increased immune response that further led to oxidative stress and metabolic alterations. Overall, our results demonstrate the, seasonally independent, high infestation of this parasitic copepods, which continue to affect Mediterranean intensive aquaculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Lattos
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Makri
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios K Papadopoulos
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evgenia Gourzioti
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Diseases, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, GR-43100, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Charalampos Pagonis
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Diseases, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, GR-43100, Karditsa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Georgoulis
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Karagiannis
- Laboratory of Ichthyology - Culture and Pathology of Aquatic Animals, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - John A Theodorou
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26504, Mesolonghi, Greece
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26504, Mesolonghi, Greece.
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Zhu J, Xiang X, Shi L, Song Z, Dong Z. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Cold Storage-associated Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation 2024:00007890-990000000-00730. [PMID: 38632678 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000005016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is acknowledged that ischemia-reperfusion injury is the primary pathology of cold storage-associated kidney transplantation, its underlying mechanism is not well elucidated. METHODS To extend the understanding of molecular events and mine hub genes posttransplantation, we performed bulk RNA sequencing at different time points (24 h, day 7, and day 14) on a murine kidney transplantation model with prolonged cold storage (10 h). RESULTS In the present study, we showed that genes related to the regulation of apoptotic process, DNA damage response, cell cycle/proliferation, and inflammatory response were steadily elevated at 24 h and day 7. The upregulated gene profiling delicately transformed to extracellular matrix organization and fibrosis at day 14. It is prominent that metabolism-associated genes persistently took the first place among downregulated genes. The gene ontology terms of particular note to enrich are fatty acid oxidation and mitochondria energy metabolism. Correspondingly, the key enzymes of the above processes were the products of hub genes as recognized. Moreover, we highlighted the proximal tubular cell-specific increased genes at 24 h by combining the data with public RNA-Seq performed on proximal tubules. We also focused on ferroptosis-related genes and fatty acid oxidation genes to show profound gene dysregulation in kidney transplantation. CONCLUSIONS The comprehensive characterization of transcriptomic analysis may help provide diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefu Zhu
- Department of Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA
| | - Xiaohong Xiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lang Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixia Song
- Department of Nephrology, The First Clinical Medical College of Three Gorges University, Center People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA
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Kim W, Kim M, Kim B. Unraveling the enigma: housekeeping gene Ugt1a7c as a universal biomarker for microglia. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1364201. [PMID: 38666091 PMCID: PMC11043603 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1364201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia, brain resident macrophages, play multiple roles in maintaining homeostasis, including immunity, surveillance, and protecting the central nervous system through their distinct activation processes. Identifying all types of microglia-driven populations is crucial due to the presence of various phenotypes that differ based on developmental stages or activation states. During embryonic development, the E8.5 yolk sac contains erythromyeloid progenitors that go through different growth phases, eventually resulting in the formation of microglia. In addition, microglia are present in neurological diseases as a diverse population. So far, no individual biomarker for microglia has been discovered that can accurately identify and monitor their development and attributes. Summary Here, we highlight the newly defined biomarker of mouse microglia, UGT1A7C, which exhibits superior stability in expression during microglia development and activation compared to other known microglia biomarkers. The UGT1A7C sensing chemical probe labels all microglia in the 3xTG AD mouse model. The expression of Ugt1a7c is stable during development, with only a 4-fold variation, while other microglia biomarkers, such as Csf1r and Cx3cr1, exhibit at least a 10-fold difference. The UGT1A7C expression remains constant throughout its lifespan. In addition, the expression and activity of UGT1A7C are the same in response to different types of inflammatory activators' treatment in vitro. Conclusion We propose employing UGT1A7C as the representative biomarker for microglia, irrespective of their developmental state, age, or activation status. Using UGT1A7C can reduce the requirement for using multiple biomarkers, enhance the precision of microglia analysis, and even be utilized as a standard for gene/protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beomsue Kim
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Georgoulis I, Papadopoulos DK, Lattos A, Michaelidis B, Feidantsis K, Giantsis IA. Increased seawater temperature triggers thermal, oxidative and metabolic response of Ostrea edulis, leading to anaerobiosis. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 271:110943. [PMID: 38224830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Bivalves are among the marine organisms most influenced by climate change. Despite the flat oyster's Ostrea edulis high economic value, its culture is developed on a very small scale, since this species possesses a strong susceptibility to abiotic stressors. Due to climate change, temperature is one of the most critical environmental parameters for the welfare of the Mediterranean basin's marine inhabitants. The present study's purpose was to investigate the physiological performance of the Mediterranean's native O. edulis as it faces exposure to different temperatures. Since juveniles are more susceptible to abiotic stressors, this experimental procedure was focused on young individuals. The seawater temperatures studied included a standard control temperature of 21 °C (often observed in several marine areas throughout the Mediterranean), as well as increased seawater temperatures of 25 °C and 28 °C, occasionally occurring in shallow Mediterranean waters inhabited by bivalve spat. These were selected since the tissues of O. edulis becomes partly anaerobic in temperatures exceeding 26 °C, while cardiac dysfunction (arrhythmia) emerges at 28 °C. The results demonstrate that temperatures above 25 °C trigger both the transcriptional upregulation of hsp70 and hsp90, and the antioxidant genes Cu/Zn sod and catalase. Enhancement of thermal tolerance and increased defense against increased ROS production during thermal stress, were observed. As the intensity and duration of thermal stress increases, apoptotic damage may also occur. The increased oxidative and thermal stress incurred at the highest temperature of 28 °C, seemed to trigger the switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, reflected by higher pepck mRNA expressions and lower ETS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Georgoulis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios K Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Lattos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis A Giantsis
- Division of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, GR- 53100 Florina, Greece
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Uno Y, Yamato O, Yamazaki H. Transcript abundance of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in two dog breeds compared with 14 species including humans. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2024; 55:101002. [PMID: 38452615 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2024.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes are important in drug development and therapy, but have not been fully identified and characterized in many species, lines, and breeds. Liver transcriptomic data were analyzed for phase I cytochromes P450, flavin-containing monooxygenases, and carboxylesterases and phase II UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, sulfotransferases, and glutathione S-transferases. Comparisons with a variety of species (humans, rhesus macaques, African green monkeys, baboons, common marmosets, cattle, sheep, pigs, cats, dogs, rabbits, tree shrews, rats, mice, and chickens) revealed both general similarities and differences in the transcript abundances of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Similarly, Beagle and Shiba dogs were examined by next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq). Consequently, no substantial differences in transcript abundance were noted in different breeds of pigs and dogs and in different lines of mice and rats. Therefore, the expression profiles of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme transcripts appear to be similar in Shiba and Beagle dogs and pig breeds and the rat and mouse lines analyzed, although some differences were found in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Uno
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-city, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Osamu Yamato
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima-city, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan.
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Wu C, Luo M, Xie D, Zhong S, Xu J, Lu D. Kinetic Characterization of Estradiol Glucuronidation by Liver Microsomes and Expressed UGT Enzymes: The Effects of Organic Solvents. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2024:10.1007/s13318-024-00888-2. [PMID: 38472634 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-024-00888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In vitro glucuronidation of 17β-estradiol (estradiol) is often performed to assess the role of uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) in xenobiotic/drug metabolism. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of four commonly used organic solvents [i.e., dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile] on the glucuronidation kinetics of estradiol, which can be glucuronidated at C3 and C17 positions. METHODS The impacts of organic solvents on estradiol glucuronidation were determined by using expressed UGT enzymes and liver microsomes from both human and animals. RESULTS In human liver microsomes (HLM), methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile significantly altered estradiol glucuronidation kinetics with increased Vmax (up to 2.6-fold) and CLmax (up to 2.8-fold) values. Altered estradiol glucuronidation in HLM was deduced to be attributed to the enhanced metabolic activities of UGT1A1 and UGT2B7, whose activities differ at the two glucuronidation positions. The effects of organic solvents on estradiol glucuronidation were glucuronidation position-, isozyme-, and solvent-specific. Furthermore, both ethanol and acetonitrile have a greater tendency to modify the glucuronidation activity of estradiol in animal liver microsomes. CONCLUSION Organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile showed great potential in adjusting the glucuronidation of estradiol. DMSO is the most suitable solvent due to its minimal influence on estradiol glucuronidation. Researchers should be cautious in selecting appropriate solvents to get accurate results when assessing the metabolism of a new chemical entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caimei Wu
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meixue Luo
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dihao Xie
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Simin Zhong
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiahao Xu
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Danyi Lu
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Zhang M, Rottschäfer V, C M de Lange E. The potential impact of CYP and UGT drug-metabolizing enzymes on brain target site drug exposure. Drug Metab Rev 2024; 56:1-30. [PMID: 38126313 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2297154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Drug metabolism is one of the critical determinants of drug disposition throughout the body. While traditionally associated with the liver, recent research has unveiled the presence and functional significance of drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) within the brain. Specifically, cytochrome P-450 enzymes (CYPs) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) enzymes have emerged as key players in drug biotransformation within the central nervous system (CNS). This comprehensive review explores the cellular and subcellular distribution of CYPs and UGTs within the CNS, emphasizing regional expression and contrasting profiles between the liver and brain, humans and rats. Moreover, we discuss the impact of species and sex differences on CYPs and UGTs within the CNS. This review also provides an overview of methodologies for identifying and quantifying enzyme activities in the brain. Additionally, we present factors influencing CYPs and UGTs activities in the brain, including genetic polymorphisms, physiological variables, pathophysiological conditions, and environmental factors. Examples of CYP- and UGT-mediated drug metabolism within the brain are presented at the end, illustrating the pivotal role of these enzymes in drug therapy and potential toxicity. In conclusion, this review enhances our understanding of drug metabolism's significance in the brain, with a specific focus on CYPs and UGTs. Insights into the expression, activity, and influential factors of these enzymes within the CNS have crucial implications for drug development, the design of safe drug treatment strategies, and the comprehension of drug actions within the CNS. To that end, CNS pharmacokinetic (PK) models can be improved to further advance drug development and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxu Zhang
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Predictive Pharmacology Group, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vivi Rottschäfer
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth C M de Lange
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Predictive Pharmacology Group, Leiden Academic Centre of Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zhu S, Zhao H. Sexual dimorphism in bladder cancer: a review of etiology, biology, diagnosis, and outcomes. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1326627. [PMID: 38283839 PMCID: PMC10811034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1326627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder carcinoma represents a prevalent malignancy, wherein the influence of sex extends across its incidence, biological attributes, and clinical outcomes. This scholarly exposition meticulously examines pertinent investigations, elucidating the nuanced impact of sex on bladder cancer, and posits cogent avenues for future research and intervention modalities. In the initial discourse, an exhaustive scrutiny is undertaken of the etiological underpinnings of bladder cancer, encompassing variables such as tobacco consumption, occupational exposures, and genetic aberrations. Subsequently, a comprehensive dissection unfolds, delving into the intricate biological disparities inherent in sex vis-à-vis the initiation and progression of bladder cancer. This analytical framework embraces multifaceted considerations, spanning sex hormones, sex chromosomal dynamics, metabolic enzymatic cascades, and the intricate interplay with the microbiome. Lastly, a synthesized exposition encapsulates the ramifications of gender differentials on the diagnostic and prognostic landscapes of bladder cancer, underscoring the imperative for intensified investigative endeavors directed towards elucidating gender-specific variances and the formulation of tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Guilin Hospital of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Guilin, China
| | - Huasheng Zhao
- Department of Urology, ShaoYang Hosptial, Affiliated to University of South China, ShaoYang, China
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Gabel F, Hovhannisyan V, Andry V, Goumon Y. Central metabolism as a potential origin of sex differences in morphine antinociception but not induction of antinociceptive tolerance in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:843-861. [PMID: 34986502 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In rodents, morphine antinociception is influenced by sex. However, conflicting results have been reported regarding the interaction between sex and morphine antinociceptive tolerance. Morphine is metabolised in the liver and brain into morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G). Sex differences in morphine metabolism and differential metabolic adaptations during tolerance development might contribute to behavioural discrepancies. This article investigates the differences in peripheral and central morphine metabolism after acute and chronic morphine treatment in male and female mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Sex differences in morphine antinociception and tolerance were assessed using the tail-immersion test. After acute and chronic morphine treatment, morphine and M3G metabolic kinetics in the blood were evaluated using LC-MS/MS. They were also quantified in several CNS regions. Finally, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of M3G was assessed in male and female mice. KEY RESULTS This study demonstrated that female mice showed weaker morphine antinociception and faster induction of tolerance than males. Additionally, female mice showed higher levels of M3G in the blood and in several pain-related CNS regions than male mice, whereas lower levels of morphine were observed in these regions. M3G brain/blood ratios after injection of M3G indicated no sex differences in M3G BBB permeability, and these ratios were lower than those obtained after injection of morphine. CONCLUSION These differences are attributable mainly to morphine central metabolism, which differed between males and females in pain-related CNS regions, consistent with weaker morphine antinociceptive effects in females. However, the role of morphine metabolism in antinociceptive tolerance seemed limited. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed issue on Advances in Opioid Pharmacology at the Time of the Opioid Epidemic. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v180.7/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gabel
- CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Volodya Hovhannisyan
- CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Virginie Andry
- CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,SMPMS-INCI, Mass Spectrometry Facilities of the CNRS UPR3212, CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Goumon
- CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,SMPMS-INCI, Mass Spectrometry Facilities of the CNRS UPR3212, CNRS UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Wheeler AM, Orsburn BC, Bumpus NN. Biotransformation of Efavirenz and Proteomic Analysis of Cytochrome P450s and UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases in Mouse, Macaque, and Human Brain-Derived In Vitro Systems. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:521-531. [PMID: 36623884 PMCID: PMC10043944 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral drugs such as efavirenz (EFV) are essential to combat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the brain, but little is known about how these drugs are metabolized locally. In this study, the cytochrome P450 (P450) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)-dependent metabolism of EFV was probed in brain microsomes from mice, cynomolgus macaques, and humans as well as primary neural cells from C57BL/6N mice. Utilizing ultra high performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (uHPLC-HRMS), the formation of 8-hydroxyefavirenz (8-OHEFV) from EFV and the glucuronidation of P450-dependent metabolites 8-OHEFV and 8,14-dihydroxyefavirenz (8,14-diOHEFV) were observed in brain microsomes from all three species. The direct glucuronidation of EFV, however, was only detected in cynomolgus macaque brain microsomes. In primary neural cells treated with EFV, microglia were the only cell type to exhibit metabolism, forming 8-OHEFV only. In cells treated with the P450-dependent metabolites of EFV, glucuronidation was detected only in cortical neurons and astrocytes, revealing that certain aspects of EFV metabolism are cell type specific. Untargeted and targeted proteomics experiments were used to identify the P450s and UGTs present in brain microsomes. Eleven P450s and 11 UGTs were detected in human brain microsomes, whereas seven P450s and 14 UGTs were identified in mouse brain microsomes and 15 P450s and four UGTs, respectively, were observed in macaque brain microsomes. This was the first time many of these enzymes have been noted in brain microsomes at the protein level. This study indicates the potential for brain metabolism to contribute to pharmacological and toxicological outcomes of EFV in the brain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Metabolism in the brain is understudied, and the persistence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the brain warrants the evaluation of how antiretroviral drugs such as efavirenz are metabolized in the brain. Using brain microsomes, the metabolism of efavirenz by both cytochrome P450s (P450s) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) is established. Additionally, proteomics of brain microsomes characterizes P450s and UGTs in the brain, many of which have not yet been noted in the literature at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M Wheeler
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Benjamin C Orsburn
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Namandjé N Bumpus
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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12
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Person E, Bruel S, Manzano TI, Jamin EL, Zalko D, Combelles CM. The fate of bisphenol A, bisphenol S, and their respective glucuronide metabolites in ovarian cells. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 118:108380. [PMID: 37003567 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cells are critical for reproduction and steroidogenesis, which are functions that can be impacted by exposure to xenobiotics. As in other extra-hepatic tissues, biotransformation events may occur at the ovarian level. Such metabolic events deserve interest, notably as they may modulate the overall exposure and toxicity of xenobiotics. In this study, the comparative metabolic fate of two bisphenols was investigated in ovarian cells. Bisphenol A (BPA), a model endocrine disruptor, and its major substitute bisphenol S (BPS) were selected. Bovine granulosa cells (primary cultures) and theca explants (ex vivo tissue) were exposed for 24hr to tritium-labeled BPA, BPS and their respective glucuronides (i.e. their major circulating forms), at concentrations consistent with low-dose exposure scenarios. Mass balance studies were performed, followed by radio-HPLC profiling. The capability of both cell compartments to biotransform BPA and BPS into their respective sulfo-conjugates was demonstrated, with sulfation being the predominant metabolic route. In theca, there was a significantly higher persistence of BPA (compared to BPS) residues over 24hr. Moreover, only theca explants were able to deconjugate inactive BPA-glucuronide and BPS-glucuronide back into their biologically active aglycone forms. Deconjugation rates were demonstrated to be higher for BPS-G than for BPA-G. These findings raise concerns about the in situ direct release of bisphenols at the level of the ovary and demonstrate the relevance of exploring the biotransformation of bisphenols and their circulating metabolites in different ovarian cells with specific metabolic capabilities. This work also provides essential knowledge for the improved risk assessment of bisphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Person
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Bruel
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Emilien L Jamin
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027, Toulouse, France; MetaboHUB-Metatoul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Metatoul-AXIOM, Toulouse, 31077, France
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027, Toulouse, France
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13
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Global trends in the epidemiology of bladder cancer: challenges for public health and clinical practice. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:287-304. [PMID: 36914746 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00744-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is among the ten most common cancers globally, causes considerable morbidity and mortality and is, therefore, a substantial burden for health-care systems. The incidence of bladder cancer is affected by demographic trends, most notably population growth and ageing, as well as exposure to risk factors, especially tobacco smoking. Consequently, the incidence has not been stable throughout the world over time, nor will it be in the near future. Further primary prevention efforts are of the utmost importance to reduce the medical and financial burden of bladder cancer on populations and health-care systems. Simultaneously, less-invasive and lower-cost approaches for the diagnosis of both primary and recurrent bladder cancers are required to address challenges posed by the increasing shortage of health-care professionals and limited financial resources worldwide. In this regard, urinary biomarkers have demonstrated promising diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Awareness of the risk factors and symptoms of bladder cancer should also be increased in society, particularly among health-care professionals and high-risk groups. Studies investigating the associations between lifestyle factors and bladder cancer outcomes are scarce and should be a research priority. In this Review, we outline global trends in bladder cancer incidence and mortality, and discuss the main risk factors influencing bladder cancer occurrence and outcomes. We then discuss the implications, challenges and opportunities of these epidemiological trends for public health and clinical practice.
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14
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Harris L, Regan MC, Myers SJ, Nocilla KA, Akins NS, Tahirovic YA, Wilson LJ, Dingledine R, Furukawa H, Traynelis SF, Liotta DC. Novel GluN2B-Selective NMDA Receptor Negative Allosteric Modulator Possesses Intrinsic Analgesic Properties and Enhances Analgesia of Morphine in a Rodent Tail Flick Pain Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:917-935. [PMID: 36779874 PMCID: PMC9983021 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cases of accidental death associated with drug overdose are due to chronic opioid use, tolerance, and addiction. Analgesic tolerance is characterized by a decreased response to the analgesic effects of opioids, requiring increasingly higher doses to maintain the desired level of pain relief. Overactivation of GluN2B-containing N-methyl-d-Aspartate receptors is thought to play a key role in mechanisms underlying cellular adaptation that takes place in the development of analgesic tolerance. Herein, we describe a novel GluN2B-selective negative allosteric modulator, EU93-108, that shows high potency and brain penetrance. We describe the structural basis for binding at atomic resolution. This compound possesses intrinsic analgesic properties in the rodent tail immersion test. EU93-108 has an acute and significant anodyne effect, whereby morphine when combined with EU93-108 produces a higher tail flick latency compared to that of morphine alone. These data suggest that engagement of GluN2B as a target has utility in the treatment of pain, and EU93-108 could serve as an appropriate tool compound to interrogate this hypothesis. Future structure-activity relationship work around this scaffold could give rise to compounds that can be co-administered with opioids to diminish the onset of tolerance due to chronic opioid use, thereby modifying their utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnea
D. Harris
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Michael C. Regan
- W.M.
Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold
Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, New York11724, United States
- RADD
Pharmaceuticals, Westport, Connecticut06880, United States
| | - Scott J. Myers
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Kelsey A. Nocilla
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Akins
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Yesim A. Tahirovic
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Lawrence J. Wilson
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Ray Dingledine
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Hiro Furukawa
- W.M.
Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold
Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, New York11724, United States
| | - Stephen F. Traynelis
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia30322, United States
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15
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von Bartheld CS, Wang L. Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cells 2023; 12:430. [PMID: 36766771 PMCID: PMC9913864 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The omicron variant is thought to cause less olfactory dysfunction than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2, but the reported prevalence differs greatly between populations and studies. Our systematic review and meta-analysis provide information regarding regional differences in prevalence as well as an estimate of the global prevalence of olfactory dysfunction based on 62 studies reporting information on 626,035 patients infected with the omicron variant. Our estimate of the omicron-induced prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in populations of European ancestry is 11.7%, while it is significantly lower in all other populations, ranging between 1.9% and 4.9%. When ethnic differences and population sizes are considered, the global prevalence of omicron-induced olfactory dysfunction in adults is estimated to be 3.7%. Omicron's effect on olfaction is twofold to tenfold lower than that of the alpha or delta variants according to previous meta-analyses and our analysis of studies that directly compared the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction between omicron and previous variants. The profile of the prevalence differences between ethnicities mirrors the results of a recent genome-wide association study that connected a gene locus encoding an odorant-metabolizing enzyme, UDP glycosyltransferase, to the extent of COVID-19-related loss of smell. Our analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that this enzyme contributes to the observed population differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. von Bartheld
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0352, USA
| | - Lingchen Wang
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0275, USA
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16
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Liu W, Li J, Zhao R, Lu Y, Huang P. The Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) superfamily: the role in tumor cell metabolism. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1088458. [PMID: 36741721 PMCID: PMC9892627 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1088458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), important enzymes in biotransformation, control the levels and distribution of numerous endogenous signaling molecules and the metabolism of a wide range of endogenous and exogenous chemicals. The UGT superfamily in mammals consists of the UGT1, UGT2, UGT3, and UGT8 families. UGTs are rate-limiting enzymes in the glucuronate pathway, and in tumors, they are either overexpressed or underexpressed. Alterations in their metabolism can affect gluconeogenesis and lipid metabolism pathways, leading to alterations in tumor cell metabolism, which affect cancer development and prognosis. Glucuronidation is the most common mammalian conjugation pathway. Most of its reactions are mainly catalyzed by UGT1A, UGT2A and UGT2B. The body excretes UGT-bound small lipophilic molecules through the bile, urine, or feces. UGTs conjugate a variety of tiny lipophilic molecules to sugars, such as galactose, xylose, acetylglucosamine, glucuronic acid, and glucose, thereby inactivating and making water-soluble substrates, such as carcinogens, medicines, steroids, lipids, fatty acids, and bile acids. This review summarizes the roles of members of the four UGT enzyme families in tumor function, metabolism, and multiple regulatory mechanisms, and its Inhibitors and inducers. The function of UGTs in lipid metabolism, drug metabolism, and hormone metabolism in tumor cells are among the most important topics covered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yao Lu
- *Correspondence: Yao Lu, ; Panpan Huang,
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17
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von Bartheld CS, Wang L. Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2022.12.16.22283582. [PMID: 36561176 PMCID: PMC9774228 DOI: 10.1101/2022.12.16.22283582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The omicron variant is thought to cause less olfactory dysfunction than previous variants of SARS-CoV-2, but the reported prevalence differs greatly between populations and studies. Our systematic review and meta-analysis provide information about regional differences in prevalence as well as an estimate of the global prevalence of olfactory dysfunction based on 62 studies reporting on 626,035 patients infected with the omicron variant. Our estimate of the omicron-induced prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in populations of European ancestry is 11.7%, while it is significantly lower in all other populations, ranging between 1.9% and 4.9%. When ethnic differences and population sizes are taken into account, the global prevalence of omicron-induced olfactory dysfunction in adults is estimated at 3.7%. Omicron’s effect on olfaction is twofold to tenfold lower than that of the alpha or delta variant, according to previous meta-analyses and our analysis of studies that directly compared prevalence of olfactory dysfunction between omicron and previous variants. The profile of prevalence differences between ethnicities mirrors the results of a recent genome-wide association study that implicated a gene locus encoding an odorant-metabolizing enzyme, UDP glycosyltransferase, to be linked to the extent of COVID-related loss of smell. Our analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that this enzyme contributes to the observed population differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. von Bartheld
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, 89557-0352, United States
| | - Lingchen Wang
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557-0275, United States
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18
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Li Z, Wang W, Li J, Ru S. New insight on the mechanism of eating disorder in females based on metabolic differences of bisphenol S in female and male zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120820. [PMID: 36493936 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The different capacity of glucuronic acid metabolism might lead to the difference of bisphenol S (BPS) residual in tissues of male and female zebrafish. This may be the fundamental reason why BPS causes different effects in females and males. Here, adult zebrafish are exposed to 1, 10 and 100 μg/L BPS for 35 days to explore the main effect on females. After exposure, the liver of females showed stronger BPS metabolism ability than males, resulting in the accumulation of BPS in the gut of females. The results of neurotransmitters in gut of females revealed that the content of serotonin was decreased by BPS treatments. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of tryptophan 5-monooxygenase (Tph1) that regulated serotonin synthesis was reduced in gut of females in all BPS groups, and Tph1 protein has very high affinity with BPS molecule. Adult females treated with BPS exhibited symptoms including overeating, a decrease of serotonin in the gut, hypoglycemia and hyperlipidemia, a similar effect of Tph1 protein inhibitor LP533401 on adult females. This hypoglycemia stimulates brain agrp/pomc and orexin neurons to induce overfeeding behavior, causing intestinal homeostasis imbalance and hyperlipidemia. Our data elucidate a potential pathogenesis of eating disorder under pollutant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jiali Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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19
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Khansary S, Tavilani H, Ghasemi H. Gender, Bladder Cancer Healthcare and Burden of COVID-19. Cancer Invest 2023; 41:58-69. [PMID: 36282109 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2140351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer as one of the main comorbid diseases might be more susceptible to develop COVID-19 infection with a higher mortality risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. The European Association of Urology (EAU) recommended a comprehensive panel for bladder cancer diagnosis and treatment during this global health problem. The urgent need for treatments of COVID-19 during the pandemic has persuaded researchers to evaluate the different medications, which may lead to drug shortages. Therefore, in this review paper, we have focused on the least recommendations of EAU about bladder cancer during of COVID-19 pandemic to provide a comprehensive panel for high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahede Khansary
- Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan university of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidar Tavilani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hadi Ghasemi
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
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20
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Duplication, Loss, and Evolutionary Features of Specific UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Genes in Carnivora (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12212954. [DOI: 10.3390/ani12212954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are one of the most important enzymes for xenobiotic metabolism or detoxification. Through duplication and loss of genes, mammals evolved the species-specific variety of UGT isoforms. Among mammals, Carnivora is one of the orders that includes various carnivorous species, yet there is huge variation of food habitat. Recently, lower activity of UGT1A and 2B were shown in Felidae and pinnipeds, suggesting evolutional loss of these isoforms. However, comprehensive analysis for genetic or evolutional features are still missing. This study was conducted to reveal evolutional history of UGTs in Carnivoran species. We found specific gene expansion of UGT1As in Canidae, brown bear and black bear. We also found similar genetic duplication in UGT2Bs in Canidae, and some Mustelidae and Ursidae. In addition, we discovered contraction or complete loss of UGT1A7–12 in phocids, some otariids, felids, and some Mustelids. These studies indicate that even closely related species have completely different evolution of UGTs and further imply the difficulty of extrapolation of the pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetic result of experimental animals into wildlife carnivorans.
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21
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Greenhalgh R, Holding ML, Orr TJ, Henderson JB, Parchman TL, Matocq MD, Shapiro MD, Dearing MD. Trio‐binned genomes of the woodrats
Neotoma bryanti
and
Neotoma lepida
reveal novel gene islands and rapid copy number evolution of xenobiotic metabolizing genes. Mol Ecol Resour 2022; 22:2713-2731. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Greenhalgh
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Utah257 South 1400 EastSalt Lake CityUtah84112USA
| | - Matthew L. Holding
- Department of Natural Resources & Environmental ScienceUniversity of Nevada1664 North Virginia StreetRenoNevada89775USA
- Present address: Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of Michigan210 Washtenaw AvenueAnn ArborMichigan48109USA
| | - Teri J. Orr
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Utah257 South 1400 EastSalt Lake CityUtah84112USA
- Department of BiologyNew Mexico State University1780 East University AvenueLas CrucesNew Mexico88003USA
| | - James B. Henderson
- Center for Comparative GenomicsCalifornia Academy of Sciences55 Music Concourse DriveSan FranciscoCalifornia94118USA
| | - Thomas L. Parchman
- Department of BiologyUniversity of NevadaReno1664 North Virginia StreetNevada89775USA
| | - Marjorie D. Matocq
- Department of Natural Resources & Environmental ScienceUniversity of Nevada1664 North Virginia StreetRenoNevada89775USA
| | - Michael D. Shapiro
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Utah257 South 1400 EastSalt Lake CityUtah84112USA
| | - M. Denise Dearing
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Utah257 South 1400 EastSalt Lake CityUtah84112USA
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22
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Gabel F, Hovhannisyan V, Berkati AK, Goumon Y. Morphine-3-Glucuronide, Physiology and Behavior. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:882443. [PMID: 35645730 PMCID: PMC9134088 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.882443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine remains the gold standard painkiller available to date to relieve severe pain. Morphine metabolism leads to the production of two predominant metabolites, morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G). This metabolism involves uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), which catalyze the addition of a glucuronide moiety onto the C3 or C6 position of morphine. Interestingly, M3G and M6G have been shown to be biologically active. On the one hand, M6G produces potent analgesia in rodents and humans. On the other hand, M3G provokes a state of strong excitation in rodents, characterized by thermal hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia. Its coadministration with morphine or M6G also reduces the resulting analgesia. Although these behavioral effects show quite consistency in rodents, M3G effects are much more debated in humans and the identity of the receptor(s) on which M3G acts remains unclear. Indeed, M3G has little affinity for mu opioid receptor (MOR) (on which morphine binds) and its effects are retained in the presence of naloxone or naltrexone, two non-selective MOR antagonists. Paradoxically, MOR seems to be essential to M3G effects. In contrast, several studies proposed that TLR4 could mediate M3G effects since this receptor also appears to be essential to M3G-induced hyperalgesia. This review summarizes M3G's behavioral effects and potential targets in the central nervous system, as well as the mechanisms by which it might oppose analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gabel
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Volodya Hovhannisyan
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Abdel-Karim Berkati
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Goumon
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- SMPMS, Mass Spectrometry Facilities of the CNRS UPR 3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
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23
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Chen Y, Wang WQ, Jia XL, Wang CH, Yang L, Wang ZT, Xiong AZ. Firm evidence for the detoxification of senecionine-induced hepatotoxicity via N-glucuronidation in UGT1A4–humanized transgenic mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 165:113185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Kojima A, Nadai M, Katoh M. Species and Tissue Differences in Regorafenib Glucuronidation. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:129-133. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2055507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Kojima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nadai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miki Katoh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
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25
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Androgen Glucuronidation in Mice: When, Where, and How. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030403. [PMID: 35336777 PMCID: PMC8945853 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Hormone metabolism can vary from one species to another. In humans, specific UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes transform androgens (the male hormones) into glucuronide derivatives, which are easier to eliminate. Whether a similar mechanism also takes place in mice has never been ascertained. This study aimed at addressing this question. Organs and pure Ugt2b enzymes from mice were assayed for their ability to transform several androgens into their glucuronide derivatives. Results show that, as in humans, both murine organs and enzymes are reactive with androgen molecules, and glucuronide derivatives are formed with substrate-, organ- and enzyme-specific manner. In conclusion, these observations revealed that glucuronosyltransferase enzymes from mice works in a similar manner as their human counterparts. Abstract Glucuronidation, catalyzed by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B enzymes, is a major inactivating and elimination pathway for androgen hormones in humans. Whether Ugt2b enzymes from mice are also reactive with these hormones have never been investigated. The present study aimed at evaluating the capability of murine tissues and Ugt2b enzymes to glucuronidated androgens. The 7 murine Ugt2b (Ugt2b1, 2b5, 2b34, 2b35, 2b36, 2b37 and 2b38) enzymes were cloned and stably expressed into HEK293 cells. In vitro glucuronidation assays were performed with microsomal proteins or homogenates from mice tissues (liver, kidney, intestine, adipose, testis, prostate, epididymis, bulbo, seminal vesicle, mammary glands, uterus, and ovary) and from Ugt2b-HEK293 cells. Male and female livers, as well as male kidneys, are the major sites for androgen glucuronidation in mice. The male liver is highly efficient at glucuronidation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and testosterone and is enriched in Ugt2b1 and 2b5 enzymes. Androsterone and 3α-Diol are conjugated in the male kidney through an Ugt2b37-dependent process. Interestingly, castration partially abolished hepatic Ugt2b1 expression and activity, while Ugt2b37 was totally repressed. DHT injection partially corrected these changes. In conclusion, these observations revealed the substrate- and tissue-specific manner in which murine Ugt2b enzymes conjugate androgens. They also evidence how androgens modulate their own glucuronide conjugation in mice.
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Zou Z, Harris LK, Forbes K, Heazell AEP. Sex-specific effects of Bisphenol a on the signalling pathway of ESRRG in the human placenta. Biol Reprod 2022; 106:1278-1291. [PMID: 35220427 PMCID: PMC9198953 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure during pregnancy is associated with low fetal weight, particularly in male fetuses. The expression of estrogen-related receptor gamma (ESRRG), a receptor for BPA in the human placenta, is reduced in fetal growth restriction. This study sought to explore whether ESRRG signaling mediates BPA-induced placental dysfunction and determine whether changes in the ESRRG signaling pathway are sex-specific. Placental villous explants from 18 normal term pregnancies were cultured with a range of BPA concentrations (1 nM–1 μM). Baseline BPA concentrations in the placental tissue used for explant culture ranged from 0.04 to 5.1 nM (average 2.3 ±1.9 nM; n = 6). Expression of ESRRG signaling pathway constituents and cell turnover were quantified. BPA (1 μM) increased ESRRG mRNA expression after 24 h in both sexes. ESRRG mRNA and protein expression was increased in female placentas treated with 1 μM BPA for 24 h but was decreased in male placentas treated with 1 nM or 1 μM for 48 h. Levels of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD17B1) and placenta specific-1 (PLAC1), genes downstream of ESRRG, were also affected. HSD17B1 mRNA expression was increased in female placentas by 1 μM BPA; however, 1 nM BPA reduced HSD17B1 and PLAC1 expression in male placentas at 48 h. BPA treatment did not affect rates of proliferation, apoptosis, or syncytiotrophoblast differentiation in cultured villous explants. This study has demonstrated that BPA affects the ESRRG signaling pathway in a sex-specific manner in human placentas and a possible biological mechanism to explain the differential effects of BPA exposure on male and female fetuses observed in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zou
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, 5th floor (Research), St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK, M13 9WL
| | - Lynda K Harris
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, 5th floor (Research), St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK, M13 9WL
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Karen Forbes
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, 5th floor (Research), St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK, M13 9WL
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alexander E P Heazell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, 5th floor (Research), St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK, M13 9WL
- St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Paraiso IL, Mattio LM, Alcázar Magaña A, Choi J, Plagmann LS, Redick MA, Miranda CL, Maier CS, Dallavalle S, Kioussi C, Blakemore PR, Stevens JF. Xanthohumol Pyrazole Derivative Improves Diet-Induced Obesity and Induces Energy Expenditure in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1782-1793. [PMID: 34927010 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The energy intake exceeding energy expenditure (EE) results in a positive energy balance, leading to storage of excess energy and weight gain. Here, we investigate the potential of a newly synthesized compound as an inducer of EE for the management of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated flavonoid from hops, was used as a precursor for the synthesis of a pyrazole derivative tested for its properties on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic impairments. In a comparative study with XN, we report that 4-(5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (XP) uncouples oxidative phosphorylation in C2C12 cells. In HFD-fed mice, XP improved glucose tolerance and decreased weight gain by increasing EE and locomotor activity. Using an untargeted metabolomics approach, we assessed the effects of treatment on metabolites and their corresponding biochemical pathways. We found that XP and XN reduced purine metabolites and other energy metabolites in the plasma of HFD-fed mice. The induction of locomotor activity was associated with an increase in inosine monophosphate in the cortex of XP-treated mice. Together, these results suggest that XP, better than XN, affects mitochondrial respiration and cellular energy metabolism to prevent obesity in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines L Paraiso
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Luce M Mattio
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Armando Alcázar Magaña
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Layhna S Plagmann
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Margaret A Redick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Cristobal L Miranda
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Claudia S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Chrissa Kioussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Paul R Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Jan F Stevens
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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Suzuki N, Iwamura Y, Nakai T, Kato K, Otsuki A, Uruno A, Saigusa D, Taguchi K, Suzuki M, Shimizu R, Yumoto A, Okada R, Shirakawa M, Shiba D, Takahashi S, Suzuki T, Yamamoto M. Gene expression changes related to bone mineralization, blood pressure and lipid metabolism in mouse kidneys after space travel. Kidney Int 2021; 101:92-105. [PMID: 34767829 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Space travel burdens health by imposing considerable environmental stress associated with radioactivity and microgravity. In particular, gravity change predominantly impacts blood pressure and bone homeostasis, both of which are controlled mainly by the kidneys. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related transcription factor 2 (Nrf2) plays essential roles in protecting the kidneys from various environmental stresses and injuries. To elucidate the effects of space travel on mammals in preparation for the upcoming space era, our study investigated the contribution of Nrf2 to kidney function in mice two days after their return from a 31-day stay in the International Space Station using Nrf2 knockout mice. Meaningfully, expression levels of genes regulating bone mineralization, blood pressure and lipid metabolism were found to be significantly altered in the kidneys after space travel in an Nrf2-independent manner. In particular, uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A (Ugt1a) isoform genes were found to be expressed in an Nrf2-dependent manner and induced exclusively in the kidneys after return to Earth. Since spaceflight elevated the concentrations of fatty acids in the mouse plasma, we suggest that Ugt1a isoform expression in the kidneys was induced to promote glucuronidation of excessively accumulated lipids and excrete them into urine after the return from space. Thus, the kidneys were proven to play central roles in adaptation to gravity changes caused by going to and returning from space by controlling blood pressure and bone mineralization. Additionally, kidney Ugt1a isoform induction after space travel implies a significant role of the kidneys for space travelers in the excretion of excessive lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Suzuki
- Division of Oxygen Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yuma Iwamura
- Division of Oxygen Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taku Nakai
- Division of Oxygen Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kato
- Division of Oxygen Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihito Otsuki
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Taguchi
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mikiko Suzuki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Center for Radioisotope Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Shimizu
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Department of Molecular Hematology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akane Yumoto
- Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Risa Okada
- Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masaki Shirakawa
- Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Dai Shiba
- Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suzuki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Meng CL, Zhao W, Zhong DN. Epigenetics and microRNAs in UGT1As. Hum Genomics 2021; 15:30. [PMID: 34034810 PMCID: PMC8147421 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are the main phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes mediating the most extensive glucuronidation-binding reaction in the human body. The UGT1A family is involved in more than half of glucuronidation reactions. However, significant differences exist in the distribution of UGT1As in vivo and the expression of UGT1As among individuals, and these differences are related to the occurrence of disease and differences in metabolism. In addition to genetic polymorphisms, there is now interest in the contribution of epigenetics and noncoding RNAs (especially miRNAs) to this differential change. Epigenetics regulates UGT1As pretranscriptionally through DNA methylation and histone modification, and miRNAs are considered the key mechanism of posttranscriptional regulation of UGT1As. Both epigenetic inheritance and miRNAs are involved in the differences in sex expression and in vivo distribution of UGT1As. Moreover, epigenetic changes early in life have been shown to affect gene expression throughout life. Here, we review and summarize the current regulatory role of epigenetics in the UGT1A family and discuss the relationship among epigenetics and UGT1A-related diseases and treatment, with references for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Lan Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning City, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning City, Guangxi, China
| | - Dan-Ni Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning City, Guangxi, China.
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Pötgens SA, Thibaut MM, Joudiou N, Sboarina M, Neyrinck AM, Cani PD, Claus SP, Delzenne NM, Bindels LB. Multi-compartment metabolomics and metagenomics reveal major hepatic and intestinal disturbances in cancer cachectic mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:456-475. [PMID: 33599103 PMCID: PMC8061360 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by multiple metabolic dysfunctions. Besides the muscle, other organs such as the liver and the gut microbiota may also contribute to this syndrome. Indeed, the gut microbiota, an important regulator of the host metabolism, is altered in the C26 preclinical model of cancer cachexia. Interventions targeting the gut microbiota have shown benefits, but mechanisms underlying the host-microbiota crosstalk in this context are still poorly understood. METHODS To explore this crosstalk, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) metabolomics in multiple compartments with 16S rDNA sequencing. These analyses were complemented by molecular and biochemical analyses, as well as hepatic transcriptomics. RESULTS 1 H-NMR revealed major changes between control (CT) and cachectic (C26) mice in the four analysed compartments (i.e. caecal content, portal vein, liver, and vena cava). More specifically, glucose metabolism pathways in the C26 model were altered with a reduction in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis and an activation of the hexosamine pathway, arguing against the existence of a Cori cycle in this model. In parallel, amino acid uptake by the liver, with an up to four-fold accumulation of nine amino acids (q-value <0.05), was mainly used for acute phase response proteins synthesis rather than to fuel the tricarboxylic acid cycle and gluconeogenesis. We also identified a 35% reduction in hepatic carnitine levels (q-value <0.05) and a lower activation of the phosphatidylcholine pathway as potential contributors to the hepatic steatosis present in this model. Our work also reveals a reduction of different beneficial intestinal bacterial activities in cancer cachexia. We found decreased levels of two short-chain fatty acids, acetate and butyrate (72% and 88% reduction in C26 caecal content; q-value <0.001), and a reduction in aromatic amino acid metabolites, which may contribute to the altered intestinal homeostasis in these mice. A member of the Ruminococcaceae family (ASV 2) was identified as the main bacterium responsible for the drop in butyrate. Finally, we report a two-fold intestinal transit acceleration (P-value <0.001) as a key factor shaping the gut microbiota composition and activity in cancer cachexia, which together lead to a faecal loss of proteins and amino acids. CONCLUSIONS Our work highlights new metabolic pathways potentially involved in cancer cachexia and further supports the interest of exploring the gut microbiota composition and activity, as well as intestinal transit, in cancer patients with and without cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Pötgens
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Morgane M Thibaut
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies Platform (NEST), Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martina Sboarina
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO), Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine P Claus
- School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Irshaid YM, Alani R, Al-Rawashdeh R, Al-Ghazawi T, Hijazi H, Amara D, Hammad A, Shahrure ZM, Al-Shhab M. The Effect of Pomegranate Juice on the Expression of Some Murine UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases Genes. Drug Metab Lett 2020; 14:89-93. [PMID: 33319665 DOI: 10.2174/1872312814999201211203314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food-drug interactions may lead to suppression or induction of drug metabolizing enzymes. Pomegranate is a commonly used fruit in folk medicine all over the world. Data concerning the effect of pomegranate on the activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) is scarce. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of pomegranate juice ingestion on the transcription of ugt2b1, ugt2a3, and ugt1a9 in the liver and small intestine of male mice. METHODS Pomegranate juice was administered to 10 male mice for 14 days in drinking bottles instead of water. Ten control mice received water in the drinking bottles. On the 15th day, the mice were sacrificed and the liver and the small intestine were removed. The small intestine was divided into 3 parts. Total mRNA was extracted from samples of these specimens, and cDNA was synthesized by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers for each ugt gene. RESULTS The ugt1a9 mRNA level was reduced by 2.25-fold in the liver and by 6-, 1.5-, and 3-folds in the first, second and third part of the small intestine, respectively. The ugt2b1 mRNA level in the liver and the third part of the small intestine was not affected, while it was reduced by 3.7- and 3-folds in the first and second parts of the small intestine, respectively. The ugt2a3 mRNA level was not affected in the liver and the 3 parts of the small intestine. CONCLUSION Some ugt mRNA levels may be reduced by the ingestion of pomegranate juice, which may reduce the metabolism of their drug substrates. The consequences may be an accumulation of such drugs in the body and enhanced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacoub M Irshaid
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Ruba Alani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Razan Al-Rawashdeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Tuqa Al-Ghazawi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hiba Hijazi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Amara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Amena Hammad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Zaineh M Shahrure
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al-Shhab
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Pulmonary administration of resveratrol/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex: in vivo disposition and in vitro metabolic study. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Teoh JYC, Huang J, Ko WYK, Lok V, Choi P, Ng CF, Sengupta S, Mostafid H, Kamat AM, Black PC, Shariat S, Babjuk M, Wong MCS. Global Trends of Bladder Cancer Incidence and Mortality, and Their Associations with Tobacco Use and Gross Domestic Product Per Capita. Eur Urol 2020; 78:893-906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li X, Lu Y, Ou X, Zeng S, Wang Y, Qi X, Zhu L, Liu Z. Changes and sex- and age-related differences in the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes in a KRAS-mutant mouse model of lung cancer. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10182. [PMID: 33240601 PMCID: PMC7680056 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to systematically profile the alterations and sex- and age-related differences in the drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in a KRAS-mutant mouse model of lung cancer (KRAS mice). Methodology In this study, the LC-MS/MS approach and a probe substrate method were used to detect the alterations in 21 isoforms of DMEs, as well as the enzymatic activities of five isoforms, respectively. Western blotting was applied to study the protein expression of four related receptors. Results The proteins contents of CYP2C29 and CYP3A11, were significantly downregulated in the livers of male KRAS mice at 26 weeks (3.7- and 4.4-fold, respectively, p < 0.05). SULT1A1 and SULT1D1 were upregulated by 1.8- to 7.0- fold at 20 (p = 0.015 and 0.017, respectively) and 26 weeks (p = 0.055 and 0.031, respectively). There were positive correlations between protein expression and enzyme activity for CYP2E1, UGT1A9, SULT1A1 and SULT1D1 (r2 ≥ 0.5, p < 0.001). Western blotting analysis revealed the downregulation of AHR, FXR and PPARα protein expression in male KRAS mice at 26 weeks. For sex-related differences, CYP2E1 was male-predominant and UGT1A2 was female-predominant in the kidney. UGT1A1 and UGT1A5 expression was female-predominant, whereas UGT2B1 exhibited male-predominant expression in liver tissue. For the tissue distribution of DMEs, 21 subtypes of DMEs were all expressed in liver tissue. In the intestine, the expression levels of CYP2C29, CYP27A1, UGT1A2, 1A5, 1A6a, 1A9, 2B1, 2B5 and 2B36 were under the limitation of quantification. The subtypes of CYP7A1, 1B1, 2E1 and UGT1A1, 2A3, 2B34 were detected in kidney tissue. Conclusions This study, for the first time, unveils the variations and sex- and age-related differences in DMEs in C57 BL/6 (WT) mice and KRAS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyan Lu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Ou
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijing Zeng
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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Jarrar Y, Jarrar Q, Abu-Shalhoob M, Abed A, Sha'ban E. Relative Expression of Mouse Udp-glucuronosyl Transferase 2b1 Gene in the Livers, Kidneys, and Hearts: The Influence of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Treatment. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:918-923. [PMID: 31733637 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666191115103310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse Udp-glucuronosyl Transferase (UGT) 2b1 is equivalent to the human UGT2B7 enzyme, which is a phase II drug-metabolising enzyme and plays a major role in the metabolism of xenobiotic and endogenous compounds. This study aimed to find the relative expression of the mouse ugt2b1 gene in the liver, kidney, and heart organs and the influence of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) administration. METHODS Thirty-five Blab/c mice were divided into 5 groups and treated with different commonly-used NSAIDs; diclofenac, ibuprofen, meloxicam, and mefenamic acid for 14 days. The livers, kidneys, and hearts were isolated, while the expression of ugt2b1 gene was analysed with a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. RESULTS It was found that the ugt2b1 gene is highly expressed in the liver, and then in the heart and the kidneys. NSAIDs significantly upregulated (ANOVA, p < 0.05) the expression of ugt2b1 in the heart, while they downregulated its expression (ANOVA, p < 0.05) in the liver and kidneys. The level of NSAIDs' effect on ugt2b1 gene expression was strongly correlated (Spearman's Rho correlation, p < 0.05) with NSAID's lipophilicity in the liver and its elimination half-life in the heart. CONCLUSION This study concluded that the mouse ugt2b1 gene was mainly expressed in the liver, as 14-day administration of different NSAIDs caused alterations in the expression of this gene, which may influence the metabolism of xenobiotic and endogenous compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazun Jarrar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qais Jarrar
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Abu-Shalhoob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdulqader Abed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Esra'a Sha'ban
- ACDIMA Centre for Bioequivalence and Pharmaceutical Studies, Amman, Jordan
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Eker ME, Aaby K, Budic-Leto I, Rimac Brnčić S, El SN, Karakaya S, Simsek S, Manach C, Wiczkowski W, de Pascual-Teresa S. A Review of Factors Affecting Anthocyanin Bioavailability: Possible Implications for the Inter-Individual Variability. Foods 2019; 9:E2. [PMID: 31861362 PMCID: PMC7023094 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are dietary bioactive compounds showing a range of beneficial effects against cardiovascular, neurological, and eye conditions. However, there is, as for other bioactive compounds in food, a high inter and intra-individual variation in the response to anthocyanin intake that in many cases leads to contradictory results in human trials. This variability could be caused at two levels, one at the bioavailability level and the other at the effect and mechanisms of action. In this context, we have thoroughly reviewed the scientific literature on anthocyanins variability caused by variation in bioavailability. Based on the literature reviewed, we have concluded that the variability in anthocyanins bioavailability might be produced by the lack of homogeneity introduced at three different levels: food matrix and food processing, enzymes involved in anthocyanin metabolism and transport, and anthocyanin metabolizing gut microbiota. However, it should be noted that the literature on anthocyanins bioavailability considering inter or intra-individual variability is still very scarce, which makes it difficult to reach any firm conclusion on the main metabolizing enzymes or bacteria that would be responsible for the variability in anthocyanin bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Eda Eker
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey; (S.N.E.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Kjersti Aaby
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, N-1430 Ås, Norway;
| | - Irena Budic-Leto
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Suzana Rimac Brnčić
- Faculty of food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Sedef Nehir El
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey; (S.N.E.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sibel Karakaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey; (S.N.E.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebnem Simsek
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey; (S.N.E.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Claudine Manach
- INRA, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Human Nutrition Unit, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Wieslaw Wiczkowski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research. Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Non-coding RNA-Associated ceRNA Networks in a New Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Rat Model. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:102-112. [PMID: 31234008 PMCID: PMC6595412 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a severe complication of intravascular applied radial contrast media, and recent progress in interventional therapy and angiography has revived interest in explaining detailed mechanisms and developing effective treatment. Recent studies have indicated a potential link between CI-AKI and microRNA (miRNA). However, the potential non-coding RNA-associated-competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) pairs involved in CI-AKI still remain unclear. In this study, we systematically explored the circRNA or lncRNA-associated-ceRNA mechanism in a new rat model of CI-AKI through deep RNA sequencing. The results revealed that the expression of 38 circRNAs, 12 lncRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 127 mRNAs were significantly dysregulated. We performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses for mRNAs with significantly different expression and then constructed comprehensive circRNA or lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks in kidney of CI-AKI rats. Thereafter, two constructed ceRNA regulatory pathways in this CI-AKI rat model—novel_circ_0004153/rno-miR-144-3p/Gpnmb or Naglu and LNC_000343/rno-miR-1956-5p/KCP—were validated by real-time qPCR. This study is the first one to provide a systematic dissection of non-coding RNA-associated ceRNA profiling in kidney of CI-AKI rats. The selected non-coding RNA-associated ceRNA networks provide new insight for the underlying mechanism and may profoundly affect the diagnosis and therapy of CI-AKI.
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Kang YY, Kim JY, Song J, Mok H. Enhanced intracellular uptake and stability of umbelliferone in compound mixtures from Angelica gigas in vitro. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 140:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Fan X, Li H, Ding X, Zhang QY. Contributions of Hepatic and Intestinal Metabolism to the Disposition of Niclosamide, a Repurposed Drug with Poor Bioavailability. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:756-763. [PMID: 31040114 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.086678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Niclosamide, an antiparasitic, has been repositioned as a potential therapeutic drug for systemic diseases based on its antiviral, anticancer, and anti-infection properties. However, low bioavailability limits its in vivo efficacy. Our aim was to determine whether metabolic disposition by microsomal P450 enzymes in liver and intestine influences niclosamide's bioavailability in vivo, by comparing niclosamide metabolism in wild-type, liver-Cpr-null (LCN), and intestinal epithelium-Cpr-null (IECN) mice. In vitro stability of niclosamide in microsomal incubations was greater in the intestine than in liver in the presence of NADPH, but it was much greater in liver than in intestine in the presence of UDPGA. NADPH-dependent niclosamide metabolism and hydroxy-niclosamide formation were inhibited in hepatic microsomes of LCN mice, but not IECN mice, compared with wild-type mice. In intestinal microsomal reactions, hydroxy-niclosamide formation was not detected, but rates of niclosamide-glucuronide formation were ∼10-fold greater than in liver, in wild-type, LCN, and IECN mice. Apparent Km and V max values for microsomal niclosamide-glucuronide formation showed large differences between the two tissues, with the intestine having higher Km (0.47 μM) and higher V max (15.8) than the liver (0.09 μM and 0.75, respectively). In vivo studies in LCN mice confirmed the essential role of hepatic P450 in hydroxy-niclosamide formation; however, pharmacokinetic profiles of oral niclosamide were only minimally changed in LCN mice, compared with wild-type mice, and the changes seem to reflect the compensatory increase in hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: These results suggest that efforts to increase the bioavailability of niclosamide by blocking its metabolism by P450 enzymes will unlikely be fruitful. In contrast, inhibition of niclosamide glucuronidation in both liver and intestine may prove effective for increasing niclosamide's bioavailability, thereby making it practical to repurpose this drug for treating systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (X.F., X.D., Q.-Y.Z.); and Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York (H.L.)
| | - Hongmin Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (X.F., X.D., Q.-Y.Z.); and Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York (H.L.)
| | - Xinxin Ding
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (X.F., X.D., Q.-Y.Z.); and Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York (H.L.)
| | - Qing-Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (X.F., X.D., Q.-Y.Z.); and Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York (H.L.)
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Spasić A, Catić-Đorđević A, Veličković-Radovanović R, Stefanović N, Džodić P, Cvetković T. Adverse effects of mycophenolic acid in renal transplant recipients: gender differences. Int J Clin Pharm 2019; 41:776-784. [PMID: 31028595 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-019-00837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Mycophenolic acid is widely used immunosuppressive drug, associated with adverse effects which increase patient morbidity and decrease medication adherence. Objective To evaluate the adverse effects in renal transplant recipients under mycophenolate treatment with respect to gender. Setting University Clinical Centre of Nis, Clinic of Nephrology, Serbia. Method This research included 96 renal transplant recipients, who received immunosuppressive regimen, based on tacrolimus or cyclosporin A, prednisone and mycophenolic acid. The high-performance liquid chromatography method combined with protein precipitation was used for the analysis of mycophelate concentration in human plasma. Drug concentration and dose-adjusted concentration were determined with respect to the patients' gender. An adverse effect scoring system developed by nephrologists within the University of Buffalo Nephrology/Transplant Program was used to monitor adverse effects of therapy. Main outcome measure Individual and scores of adverse effects in relation to the dosing regimen and gender. Results Results showed statistically lower dose and concentrations in men compared to the women in our investigation group. Also, female patients demonstrated higher mean scores (cumulative and subscores) within the same dosing regimens of mycophenolic acid. The gastrointestinal score was significantly higher in women who received a dose greater than 720 mg compared to men (0.20 ± 0.12 vs 0.12 ± 0.12). Women demonstrated higher individual adverse effects such as diarrhea and skin changes (41.7 vs 17.0; p = 0.038 and 62.5 vs 30.2; p = 0.037, respectively). Conclusions The results of our research showed that recipients' gender may play an important role in pharmacokinetic profile of mycophenolic acid, suggesting that women had higher concentration of mycophenolic acid and more serious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Spasić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjica 81, Nis, 18000, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Catić-Đorđević
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjica 81, Nis, 18000, Serbia
| | - Radmila Veličković-Radovanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjica 81, Nis, 18000, Serbia.,Clinic of Nephrology, Clinical Centre Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Nikola Stefanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjica 81, Nis, 18000, Serbia
| | - Predrag Džodić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjica 81, Nis, 18000, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Cvetković
- Clinic of Nephrology, Clinical Centre Nis, Nis, Serbia.,Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
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Bilski K, Zapała Ł, Skrzypczyk MA, Oszczudłowski M, Dobruch J. Review on gender differences in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Transl Androl Urol 2019; 8:12-20. [PMID: 30976563 PMCID: PMC6414341 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2018.11.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences in the epidemiology, diagnosis and outcomes according to gender in patients diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has been widely reported. In this article we present gender-specific differences in NMIBC in terms of epidemiology, risk factors, first clinical presentation, management and clinical outcomes based on systematically review evidence of existing literature. A literature search of English-language publications that included an analysis of the association of gender differences in patients with NMIBC was performed using PubMed. Sixty-four studies were selected for analysis with consensus of all authors. The incidence and mortality for urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) are higher in men, whereas cancer specific mortality to incidence ratio is significantly lower for men than for women. This phenomenon could be partially explained by differences in exposure to bladder cancer carcinogens. However female gender is associated with higher stage at presentation. Thirteen studies with a total of 11,069 patients diagnosed with NMIBC were included for analysis according to outcomes. In studies that found statistically significant differences in outcomes between sexes, female gender was reported as risk factor for disease recurrence, progression or cancer specific mortality. None of included studies found worse outcomes in men when compared to women with NMIBC. Results of our review suggest that female gender in patients diagnosed with NMIBC is associated—though inconsistently—with higher stage at presentation and poorer outcomes. Numerous factors may influence gender gap in incidence rate, clinical management and reported outcomes. Consensus on comparable data collection in routine practice and prospective trials including clinical outcomes are required to identify gender-specific differences in patients diagnosed with NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Bilski
- Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Independent Public Hospital of Professor W. Orlowski, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zapała
- Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Independent Public Hospital of Professor W. Orlowski, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał A Skrzypczyk
- Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Independent Public Hospital of Professor W. Orlowski, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Oszczudłowski
- Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Independent Public Hospital of Professor W. Orlowski, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Dobruch
- Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Independent Public Hospital of Professor W. Orlowski, Warsaw, Poland
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Kawai YK, Shinya S, Ikenaka Y, Saengtienchai A, Kondo M, Darwish WS, Nakayama SMM, Mizukawa H, Ishizuka M. Characterization of function and genetic feature of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in avian species. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 217:5-14. [PMID: 30476594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Birds are exposed to many xenobiotics during their lifetime. For accurate prediction of xenobiotic-induced toxic effects on avian species, it is necessary to understand metabolic capacities in a comprehensive range of bird species. However, there is a lack of information about avian xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs), particularly in wild birds. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is an XME that plays an important role in phase II metabolism in the livers of mammals and birds. This study was performed to determine the characteristics of UGT1E isoform in avian species, those are related to mammals UGT 1A. To understand the characteristics of avian UGT1E isoforms, in vitro metabolic activity and genetic characteristics were investigated. Furthermore, mRNA expression levels of all chicken UGT1E isoforms were measured. On in vitro enzymatic analysis, the white-tailed eagle, great horned owl, and Humboldt penguin showed lower UGT-dependent activity than domestic birds. In synteny analysis, carnivorous birds were shown to have fewer UGT1E isoforms than herbivorous and omnivorous birds, which may explain why they have lower in vitro UGT activity. These observations suggested that raptors and seabirds, in which UGT activity is low, may be at high risk if exposed to elevated levels of xenobiotics in the environment. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that avian UGT1Es have evolved independently from mammalian UGT1As. We identified the important UGT isoforms, such as UGT1E13, and suspected their substrate specificities in avian xenobiotic metabolism by phylogenetic and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. This is the first report regarding the genetic characteristics and interspecies differences of UGT1Es in avian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke K Kawai
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - So Shinya
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Aksorn Saengtienchai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Mitsuki Kondo
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Wageh Sobhy Darwish
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shota M M Nakayama
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hazuki Mizukawa
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
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Xia Y, Pang H. Glucuronidation of d-Luciferin In Vitro: Isoform Selectivity and Kinetics Characterization. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 44:549-556. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-019-00549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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44
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Zheng H, Wang L, Zeng S, Chen J, Wang H, Yu J, Gong X, Jiang H, Yang X, Qi X, Wang Y, Lu L, Hu M, Zhu L, Liu Z. Age-related changes in hepatic expression and activity of drug metabolizing enzymes in male wild-type and breast cancer resistance protein knockout mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2018; 39:344-353. [PMID: 30016542 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal age-related changes in the expression and activity of seven hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in male wild-type and breast cancer resistance protein knockout (Bcrp1-/- ) FVB mice. The protein expression of four cytochrome P450 (Cyps) (Cyp3a11, 2d22, 2e1, and 1a2), and three UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (Ugts) (Ugt1a1, 1a6a, and 1a9) in liver microsomes of wild-type and Bcrp1-/- FVB mice at different ages were determined using a validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method. The activities and mRNA levels of these DMEs were measured using the probe substrates method and real-time PCR, respectively. In the liver of wild-type FVB mice, Cyp3a11, 2d22, 2e1, 1a2, Ugt1a1, and 1a6a displayed maximum protein levels at 6-9 weeks of age. Cyp1a2, Ugt1a1, 1a6a, and 1a9 showed maximum activities at 6-9 weeks of age, whereas Cyp3a11, 2d22, and 2e1 showed maximum activities in 1-3-week-old mice. Additionally, most of the DMEs showed maximum mRNA levels in 17-week-old mice liver. Compared with wild-type FVB mice, the protein levels of these DMEs showed no significant changes in Bcrp1-/- FVB mice liver. However, the activity of Cyp2e1 was increased and that of Cyp2d22 was decreased. In conclusion, the seven hepatic DMEs in FVB mice liver showed significant alterations in an isoform-specific manner with increased age. Although the protein levels of these DMEs showed no significant changes, the activities of Cyp2e1 and 2d22 were changed in Bcrp1-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Zheng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | | | | | - Haojia Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xia Gong
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Huangyu Jiang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China
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Nobutani K, Miyoshi J, Musch MW, Nishiyama M, Watanabe J, Kaneko A, Yamamoto M, Yoshida M, Kono T, Jeong H, Chang EB. Daikenchuto (TU-100) alters murine hepatic and intestinal drug metabolizing enzymes in an in vivo dietary model: effects of gender and withdrawal. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018; 5. [PMID: 28971602 PMCID: PMC5625165 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines and natural products used for maintenance of health or treatment of diseases have many biological effects, including altering the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of other medications. Daikenchuto (TU‐100), an aqueous extract of ginger, ginseng, and Japanese green pepper fruit, is a commonly prescribed Kampo (Japanese herbal medicine) for postoperative ileus or bloating. The effects of TU‐100 on drug metabolism have not been investigated. In this study, we analyzed the effect of TU‐100 on expression of key drug‐metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and drug transporters (DTs) in murine liver and gastrointestinal tract using a dietary model. Liver, jejunum, and proximal colon were analyzed for phase I and II DMEs and DT mRNA expression by reverse transcription (RT) first by nonquantitative and followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and protein expression. Liver, jejunum, and proximal colon expressed some identical but also unique DMEs and DTs. TU‐100 increased the greatest changes in cytochrome (Cyp) 2b10 and Cyp3a11 and Mdr1a. Basal and TU‐100 stimulated levels of DME and DT expression were gender‐dependent, dose‐dependent and reversible after cessation of TU‐100 supplementation, except for some changes in the intestine. Quantitative Western blot analysis of protein extracts confirmed the quantitative PCR results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Nobutani
- Department of Medicine, Knapp Center for Biomedical Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jun Miyoshi
- Department of Medicine, Knapp Center for Biomedical Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark W Musch
- Department of Medicine, Knapp Center for Biomedical Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mitsue Nishiyama
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junko Watanabe
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaneko
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toru Kono
- Center for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eugene B Chang
- Department of Medicine, Knapp Center for Biomedical Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Quach HP, Noh K, Hoi SY, Bruinsma A, Groothuis GMM, Li AP, Chow ECY, Pang KS. Alterations in gene expression in vitamin D-deficiency: Down-regulation of liver Cyp7a1 and renal Oat3 in mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2018; 39:99-115. [PMID: 29243851 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D-deficient model, established in the C57BL/6 mouse after 8 weeks of feeding vitamin D-deficient diets in the absence or presence of added calcium, was found associated with elevated levels of plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) and plasma and liver cholesterol, and a reduction in cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1, rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol metabolism) and renal Oat3 mRNA/protein expression levels. However, there was no change in plasma calcium and phosphate levels. Appraisal of the liver revealed an up-regulation of mRNA expressions of the small heterodimer partner (Shp) and attenuation of Cyp7a1, which contributed to hypercholesterolemia in vitamin D-deficiency. When vitamin D-sufficient or D-deficient mice were further rendered hypercholesterolemic with 3 weeks of feeding the respective, high fat/high cholesterol (HF/HC) diets, treatment with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2 D3 ], active vitamin D receptor (VDR) ligand, or vitamin D (cholecalciferol) to HF/HC vitamin D-deficient mice lowered the cholesterol back to baseline levels. Cholecalciferol treatment partially restored renal Oat3 mRNA/protein expression back to that of vitamin D-sufficient mice. When the protein expression of protein kinase C (PKC), a known, negative regulator of Oat3, was examined in murine kidney, no difference in PKC expression was observed for any of the diets with/without 1,25(OH)2 D3 /cholecalciferol treatment, inferring that VDR regulation of renal Oat3 did not involve PKC in mice. As expected, plasma calcium levels were not elevated by cholecalciferol treatment of vitamin D-deficient mice, while 1,25(OH)2 D3 treatment led to hypercalcemia. In conclusion, vitamin D-deficiency resulted in down-regulation of liver Cyp7a1 and renal Oat3, conditions that are alleviated upon replenishment of cholecalciferol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly P Quach
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3M2
| | - Keumhan Noh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3M2
| | - Stacie Y Hoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3M2
| | - Adrie Bruinsma
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, 9713, AV
| | - Geny M M Groothuis
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, 9713, AV
| | - Albert P Li
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories, Columbia, Maryland, USA, 21045
| | - Edwin C Y Chow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3M2
| | - K Sandy Pang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3M2
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Yang N, Li S, Yan C, Sun R, He J, Xie Y, Peng Y, Wang G, Aa J. Inhibitory Effects of Endogenous Linoleic Acid and Glutaric Acid on the Renal Glucuronidation of Berberrubine in Mice and on Recombinant Human UGT1A7, 1A8, and 1A9. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 93:216-227. [PMID: 29351921 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.110668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberrubine (BRB) has a strong lipid-lowering effect and can be extensively metabolized into berberrubine-9-O-β-d-glucuronide (BRBG) in vivo. Recently, pharmacokinetics studies showed that the production of BRBG was significantly decreased in the urine of mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD), indicating a decreased glucuronidation capacity. Based on the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoform identification, hepatic and renal microsomal incubation, glucuronidation was examined to suggest the metabolism of BRB in liver and kidneys. The results showed that the renal UGT activity for metabolizing BRB markedly decreased, which may be highly related to the decreased expression and activity of renal Ugt1a7c. Surprisingly, in vitro studies revealed neither BRB nor BRBG inhibited the renal UGT activity. By employing an integrated strategy of metabolomics and pharmacokinetics, we identified and confirmed for the first time the inhibitory effect of some potential endogenous molecules on the renal glucuronidation of C57BL/6J mice, such as glutaric acid (GA) and linoleic acid (LA). By employing recombinant human UGTs, we found that GA and LA efficiently affect the activity of recombinant human UGT1A7, 1A9, and 1A8 at their normal or abnormal physiologic levels in vivo. GA (2 mM) markedly inhibited the activity of UGT1A7 by 89.4% and UGT1A9 by 32.8%. The inhibition rates reached 99.3% for UGT1A9, 48.3% for UGT1A7, and 46.8% for UGT1A8 with LA at 200 μM. It has been suggested that the endogenous molecules have the potential to affect the efficiency of glucuronidation, which might be a key factor contributing to individual differences in drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Yan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Peng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiye Aa
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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48
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Risk Factors and Molecular Features Associated with Bladder Cancer Development. MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY LIBRARY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64769-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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49
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Böhmdorfer M, Szakmary A, Schiestl RH, Vaquero J, Riha J, Brenner S, Thalhammer T, Szekeres T, Jäger W. Involvement of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases and Sulfotransferases in the Excretion and Tissue Distribution of Resveratrol in Mice. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1347. [PMID: 29231856 PMCID: PMC5748797 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with various pharmacological activities. It is unknown whether the expression of metabolizing enzymes correlates with resveratrol levels in organs and tissues. Therefore, we investigated the metabolism and tissue distribution of resveratrol in mice and assessed its association with the expression of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (Ugt) and sulfotransferase (Sult) genes. Plasma, urine, feces, and various organs were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography at up to 8 h after intragastric resveratrol administration. The metabolism of resveratrol was pronounced, leading to the formation of resveratrol glucuronides and sulfates. Concentrations of resveratrol and its metabolites were high in the gastrointestinal organs, urine, and feces, but low in the liver and kidneys. In lung, heart, thymus, and brain tissues, parent resveratrol levels exceeded the sulfate and glucuronide concentrations. The formation of resveratrol conjugates correlated with the expression of certain Ugt and Sult genes. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed high mRNA expression of Ugt1a1 and Ugt1a6a in the liver, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon, leading to high concentrations of resveratrol-3-O-glucuronide in these organs. Strong correlations of resveratrol-3-O-sulfate and resveratrol-3-O-4'-O-disulfate formation with Sult1a1 mRNA expression were also observed, particularly in the liver and colon. In summary, our data revealed organ-specific expression of Sults and Ugts in mice that strongly affects resveratrol concentrations; this may also be predictive in humans following oral uptake of dietary resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Böhmdorfer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
| | - Akos Szakmary
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
| | - Robert H Schiestl
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine and School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Javier Vaquero
- Saint-Antoine Research Center, Sorbonne University, Paris 75005, France.
| | - Juliane Riha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
| | - Stefan Brenner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
| | - Theresia Thalhammer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
| | - Thomas Szekeres
- Department of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
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50
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Brauer CJ, Unmack PJ, Beheregaray LB. Comparative ecological transcriptomics and the contribution of gene expression to the evolutionary potential of a threatened fish. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:6841-6856. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris J. Brauer
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Peter J. Unmack
- Institute for Applied Ecology University of Canberra Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Luciano B. Beheregaray
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide SA Australia
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