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Morandini L, Heath T, Sheakley LS, Avery D, Grabiec M, Friedman M, Martin RK, Boyd J, Olivares-Navarrete R. Adoptive transfer of immunomodulatory macrophages reduces the pro-inflammatory microenvironment and increases bone formation on titanium implants. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00527-0. [PMID: 39293568 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages play a central role in orchestrating the inflammatory response to implanted biomaterials and are sensitive to changes in the chemical and physical characteristics of the implant. Macrophages respond to biological, chemical, and physical cues by polarizing into pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) states. We previously showed that rough-hydrophilic titanium (Ti) implants skew macrophage polarization towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype and increase mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment and bone formation around the implant. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the adoptive transfer of macrophages in different polarization states would alter the inflammatory microenvironment and improve biomaterial integration in macrophage-competent and macrophage-ablated mice. We found that ablating macrophages increased the presence of neutrophils, reduced T cells and MSCs, and compromised the healing and biomaterial integration process. These effects could not be rescued with adoptive transfer of naïve or polarized macrophages. Adoptive transfer of M1 macrophages into macrophage-competent mice increased inflammatory cells and inflammatory microenvironment, resulting in decreased bone-to-implant contact. Adoptive transfer of M2 macrophages into macrophage-competent mice reduced the pro-inflammatory environment in the peri‑implant tissue and increased bone-to-implant contact. Taken together, our results show the importance of macrophages in controlling and modulating the inflammatory process in response to implanted biomaterials and suggest they can be used to improve outcomes following biomaterial implantation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Macrophages are central in orchestrating the inflammatory response to implanted biomaterials and are sensitive to biomaterial chemical and physical characteristics. Our study shows that a deficiency of macrophages results in prolonged inflammation and abolishes bone-biomaterial integration. Adoptive transfer of immunomodulatory macrophages into macrophage-competent mice reduced the inflammatory environment and increased bone-implant contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Morandini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Tyler Heath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Luke S Sheakley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Derek Avery
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Melissa Grabiec
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Michael Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Rebecca K Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Jonathan Boyd
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Rene Olivares-Navarrete
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
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Clayton SM, Shafikhani SH, Soulika AM. Macrophage and Neutrophil Dysfunction in Diabetic Wounds. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024; 13:463-484. [PMID: 38695109 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2023.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Significance: The incidence of diabetes continues to rise throughout the world in an alarming rate. Diabetic patients often develop diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), many of which do not heal. Non-healing DFUs are a major cause of hospitalization, amputation, and increased morbidity. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of impaired healing in DFU is crucial for its management. Recent Advances: This review focuses on the recent advancements on macrophages and neutrophils in diabetic wounds and DFUs. In particular, we discuss diabetes-induced dysregulations and dysfunctions of macrophages and neutrophils. Critical Issues: It is well established that diabetic wounds are characterized by stalled inflammation that results in impaired healing. Recent findings in the field suggest that dysregulation of macrophages and neutrophils plays a critical role in impaired healing in DFUs. The delineation of mechanisms that restore macrophage and neutrophil function in diabetic wound healing is the focus of intense investigation. Future Directions: The breadth of recently generated knowledge on the activity of macrophages and neutrophils in diabetic wound healing is impressive. Experimental models have delineated pathways that hold promise for the treatment of diabetic wounds and DFUs. These pathways may be useful targets for further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Clayton
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Sasha H Shafikhani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Athena M Soulika
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
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Zhang G, Song D, Ma R, Li M, Liu B, He Z, Fu Q. Artificial mucus layer formed in response to ROS for the oral treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado8222. [PMID: 39058786 PMCID: PMC11277472 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado8222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The artificial mucus layer, such as hydrogels, used to repair the damaged intestinal barrier, is a promising treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the currently reported hydrogel-based artificial barriers are administered via rectal injection, causing unnecessary discomfort to patients. Herein, we report an oral hydrogel precursor solution based on thiol-modified hyaluronic acid (HASH). Owing to the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive gelling behavior, our precursor solution formed an artificial mucus coating over the inflamed regions of the intestines, blocking microbial invasion and reducing abnormally activated immune responses. Notably, HASH also modulated the gut microbiota, including increasing the diversity and enhancing the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-associated bacteria, which play a key role in gut homeostasis. We believe that the ROS-responsive artificial mucus layer is a promising strategy for the oral treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshuai Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dandan Song
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ruilong Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mo Li
- Liaoning Institute for Drug Control, No. 7 Chongshan West Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bingyang Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, China
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Rudbaek JJ, Borbye-Lorenzen N, Poulsen GJ, Koziol A, Skogstrand K, Jess T. Inflammatory Markers at Birth and Risk of Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)05210-7. [PMID: 39009191 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J Rudbaek
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Nis Borbye-Lorenzen
- Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gry Juul Poulsen
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam Koziol
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristin Skogstrand
- Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tine Jess
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Ullm F, Renner A, Freudenberg U, Werner C, Pompe T. The Influence of Sulfation Degree of Glycosaminoglycan-Functionalized 3D Collagen I Networks on Cytokine Profiles of In Vitro Macrophage-Fibroblast Cocultures. Gels 2024; 10:450. [PMID: 39057473 PMCID: PMC11276094 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell interactions between fibroblasts and immune cells, like macrophages, are influenced by interaction with the surrounding extracellular matrix during wound healing. In vitro hydrogel models that mimic and modulate these interactions, especially of soluble mediators like cytokines, may allow for a more detailed investigation of immunomodulatory processes. In the present study, a biomimetic extracellular matrix model based on fibrillar 3D collagen I networks with a functionalization with heparin or 6-ON-desulfated heparin, as mimics of naturally occurring heparan sulfate, was developed to modulate cytokine binding effects with the hydrogel matrix. The constitution and microstructure of the collagen I network were found to be stable throughout the 7-day culture period. A coculture study of primary human fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and M-CSF-stimulated macrophages was used to show its applicability to simulate processes of progressed wound healing. The quantification of secreted cytokines (IL-8, IL-10, IL-6, FGF-2) in the cell culture supernatant demonstrated the differential impact of glycosaminoglycan functionalization of the collagen I network. Most prominently, IL-6 and FGF-2 were shown to be regulated by the cell culture condition and network constitution, indicating changes in paracrine and autocrine cell-cell communication of the fibroblast-macrophage coculture. From this perspective, we consider our newly established in vitro hydrogel model suitable for mechanistic coculture analyses of primary human cells to unravel the role of extracellular matrix factors in key events of tissue regeneration and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ullm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.U.); (A.R.)
| | - Alexander Renner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.U.); (A.R.)
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (U.F.); (C.W.)
| | - Carsten Werner
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (U.F.); (C.W.)
| | - Tilo Pompe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.U.); (A.R.)
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (U.F.); (C.W.)
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Zhao J, Guo M, Yan Y, Wang Y, Zhao X, Yang J, Chen J, Chen C, Tang L, Zeng W, Liu Y, Qin M, Zhou Y, Xu L. The miR-7/EGFR axis controls the epithelial cell immunomodulation and regeneration and orchestrates the pathology in inflammatory bowel disease. J Adv Res 2024; 57:119-134. [PMID: 37094666 PMCID: PMC10918346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The epithelial immunomodulation and regeneration are intrinsic critical events against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MiR-7 is well documented as a promising regulator in the development of various diseases including inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the effect of miR-7 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in IBD. METHODS MiR-7def mice were given dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce enteritis model. The infiltration of inflammatory cells was measured by FCM and immunofluorescence assay. 5'deletion assay and EMSA assays were performed to study the regulatory mechanism of miR-7 expression in IECs. The inflammatory signals and the targets of miR-7 were analyzed by RNA-seq and FISH assay. IECs were isolated from miR-7def, miR-7oe and WT mice to identify the immunomodulation and regeneration capacity. IEC-specific miR-7 silencing expression vector was designed and administered by the tail vein into murine DSS-induced enteritis model to evaluate the pathological lesions of IBD. RESULTS We found miR-7 deficiency improved the pathological lesions of DSS-induced murine enteritis model, accompanied by elevated proliferation and enhanced transduction of NF-κB/AKT/ERK signals in colonic IECs, as well as decreased local infiltration of inflammatory cells. MiR-7 was dominantly upregulated in colonic IECs in colitis. Moreover, the transcription of pre-miR-7a-1, orchestrated by transcription factor C/EBPα, was a main resource of mature miR-7 in IECs. As for the mechanism, EGFR, a miR-7 target gene, was downregulated in colonic IECs in colitis model and Crohn's disease patients. Furthermore, miR-7 also controlled the proliferation and inflammatory-cytokine secretion of IECs in response to inflammatory-signals through EGFR/NF-κB/AKT/ERK pathway. Finally, IEC-specific miR-7 silencing promoted the proliferation and transduction of NF-κB pathway in IECs and alleviated the pathological damage of colitis. CONCLUSION Our results present the unknown role of miR-7/EGFR axis in IEC immunomodulation and regeneration in IBD and might provide clues for the application of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies in colonic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhao
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yaping Yan
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wenhuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ming Qin
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Department of Medical Physics, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, Zunyi 563000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
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Deochand DK, Dacic M, Bale MJ, Daman AW, Josefowicz SZ, Oliver D, Chinenov Y, Rogatsky I. Mechanisms of Epigenomic and Functional Convergence Between Glucocorticoid- and IL4-Driven Macrophage Programming. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.16.580560. [PMID: 38405750 PMCID: PMC10888924 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.16.580560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages adopt distinct phenotypes in response to environmental cues, with type-2 cytokine interleukin-4 promoting a tissue-repair homeostatic state (M2IL4). Glucocorticoids, widely used anti-inflammatory therapeutics, reportedly impart a similar phenotype (M2GC), but how such disparate pathways may functionally converge is unknown. We show using integrative functional genomics that M2IL4 and M2GC transcriptomes share a striking overlap mirrored by a shift in chromatin landscape in both common and signal-specific gene subsets. This core homeostatic program is enacted by transcriptional effectors KLF4 and the GC receptor, whose genome-wide occupancy and actions are integrated in a stimulus-specific manner by the nuclear receptor cofactor GRIP1. Indeed, many of the M2IL4:M2GC-shared transcriptomic changes were GRIP1-dependent. Consistently, GRIP1 loss attenuated phagocytic activity of both populations in vitro and macrophage tissue-repair properties in the murine colitis model in vivo. These findings provide a mechanistic framework for homeostatic macrophage programming by distinct signals, to better inform anti-inflammatory drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Deochand
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marija Dacic
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate Program in Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael J Bale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew W Daman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven Z Josefowicz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Oliver
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yurii Chinenov
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inez Rogatsky
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Hamley M, Leyk S, Casar C, Liebold I, Jawazneh AA, Lanzloth C, Böttcher M, Haas H, Richardt U, Rothlin CV, Jacobs T, Huber S, Adlung L, Pelczar P, Henao-Mejia J, Bosurgi L. Nmes1 is a novel regulator of mucosal response influencing intestinal healing potential. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350434. [PMID: 37971166 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The initiation of tissue remodeling following damage is a critical step in preventing the development of immune-mediated diseases. Several factors contribute to mucosal healing, leading to innovative therapeutic approaches for managing intestinal disorders. However, uncovering alternative targets and gaining mechanistic insights are imperative to enhance therapy efficacy and broaden its applicability across different intestinal diseases. Here we demonstrate that Nmes1, encoding for Normal Mucosa of Esophagus-Specific gene 1, also known as Aa467197, is a novel regulator of mucosal healing. Nmes1 influences the macrophage response to the tissue remodeling cytokine IL-4 in vitro. In addition, using two murine models of intestinal damage, each characterized by a type 2-dominated environment with contrasting functions, the ablation of Nmes1 results in decreased intestinal regeneration during the recovery phase of colitis, while enhancing parasitic egg clearance and reducing fibrosis during the advanced stages of Schistosoma mansoni infection. These outcomes are associated with alterations in CX3CR1+ macrophages, cells known for their wound-healing potential in the inflamed colon, hence promising candidates for cell therapies. All in all, our data indicate Nmes1 as a novel contributor to mucosal healing, setting the basis for further investigation into its potential as a new target for the treatment of colon-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Hamley
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Leyk
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Casar
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Imke Liebold
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amirah Al Jawazneh
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clarissa Lanzloth
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marius Böttcher
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulricke Richardt
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Adlung
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Biomedical AI, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Penelope Pelczar
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jorge Henao-Mejia
- The Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lidia Bosurgi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Xiao P, Han X, Huang Y, Yang J, Chen L, Cai Z, Hu N, Cui W, Huang W. Reprogramming macrophages via immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres for osteoarthritis treatments. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:242-259. [PMID: 37869722 PMCID: PMC10589729 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulating macrophage activation precisely is crucial in treating chronic inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA). However, the stable pro-inflammatory state and deep distribution of macrophages in vivo pose a great challenge to treatment. In this study, inspired by the innate immune, immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres were constructed by microfluidic methods and load chemokines, macrophage antibodies and engineered cell membrane vesicles (sEVs) via covalent and non-covalent junctions. The immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres, based on a mixture of streptavidin grafted hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA-SA) and Chondroitin sulfate methacrylate (ChSMA) microspheres (HCM), can recruit, capture and reprogram proinflammatory macrophages in the joint cavity to improve the joint inflammatory microenvironment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres had excellent macrophage recruitment, capture, and reprogramming abilities. Pro-inflammatory macrophages can be transformed into anti-inflammatory macrophages with an efficiency of 88.5 %. Animal experiments also revealed significant reduction in synovial inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation of OA. Therefore, the immune cell mobilized hydrogel microspheres may be an effective treatment of OA inflammation for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianye Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengwei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
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10
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Vebr M, Pomahačová R, Sýkora J, Schwarz J. A Narrative Review of Cytokine Networks: Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3229. [PMID: 38137450 PMCID: PMC10740682 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a lifelong inflammatory immune mediated disorder, encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC); however, the cause and specific pathogenesis of IBD is yet incompletely understood. Multiple cytokines produced by different immune cell types results in complex functional networks that constitute a highly regulated messaging network of signaling pathways. Applying biological mechanisms underlying IBD at the single omic level, technologies and genetic engineering enable the quantification of the pattern of released cytokines and new insights into the cytokine landscape of IBD. We focus on the existing literature dealing with the biology of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines and interactions that facilitate cell-based modulation of the immune system for IBD inflammation. We summarize the main roles of substantial cytokines in IBD related to homeostatic tissue functions and the remodeling of cytokine networks in IBD, which may be specifically valuable for successful cytokine-targeted therapies via marketed products. Cytokines and their receptors are validated targets for multiple therapeutic areas, we review the current strategies for therapeutic intervention and developing cytokine-targeted therapies. New biologics have shown efficacy in the last few decades for the management of IBD; unfortunately, many patients are nonresponsive or develop therapy resistance over time, creating a need for novel therapeutics. Thus, the treatment options for IBD beyond the immune-modifying anti-TNF agents or combination therapies are expanding rapidly. Further studies are needed to fully understand the immune response, networks of cytokines, and the direct pathogenetic relevance regarding individually tailored, safe and efficient targeted-biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Vebr
- Departments of Pediatrics, Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University of Prague, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic; (R.P.); (J.S.); (J.S.)
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11
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Sharifinejad N, Mahmoudi E. Dual function of fungi-derived cytokines in inflammatory bowel diseases: protection or inflammation. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2023; 11:goad068. [PMID: 38058517 PMCID: PMC10697736 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition involving both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Recently, the role of intestinal fungal flora and their downstream immune pathways has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of IBD. Cytokines as primary immune mediators require a delicate balance for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Although most cytokines have a predictable role in either amplifying or attenuating inflammation in IBD, a few cytokines have shown a dual function in the inflammatory state of the intestine. Some of these dual-faced cytokines are also involved in mucosal anti-microbial defense pathways, particularly against intestinal fungal residents. Here, we reviewed the role of these cytokines in IBD pathogenesis to achieve a better understanding of the fungal interactions in the development of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Sharifinejad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mahmoudi
- Department of Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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12
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Liu J, Ren H, Zhang C, Li J, Qiu Q, Zhang N, Jiang N, Lovell JF, Zhang Y. Orally-Delivered, Cytokine-Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Targeted Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304023. [PMID: 37728188 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The use of orally-administered therapeutic proteins for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been limited due to the harsh gastrointestinal environment and low bioavailability that affects delivery to diseased sites. Here, a nested delivery system, termed Gal-IL10-EVs (C/A) that protects interleukin 10 (IL-10) from degradation in the stomach and enables targeted delivery of IL-10 to inflammatory macrophages infiltrating the colonic lamina propria, is reported. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying IL-10 are designed to be secreted from genetically engineered mammalian cells by a plasmid system, and EVs are subsequently modified with galactose, endowing the targeted IL-10 delivery to inflammatory macrophages. Chitosan/alginate (C/A) hydrogel coating on Gal-IL10-EVs enables protection from harsh conditions in the gastrointestinal tract and favorable delivery to the colonic lumen, where the C/A hydrogel coating is removed at the diseased sites. Gal-IL10-EVs control the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. In a murine model of colitis, Gal-IL10-EVs (C/A) alleviate IBD symptoms including inflammatory responses and disrupt colonic barriers. Taken together, Gal-IL10-EVs (C/A) features biocompatibility, pH-responsive drug release, and macrophage-targeting as a therapeutic platform for oral delivery of bioactive proteins for treating intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - He Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jiexin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Qian Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Ning Jiang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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13
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Nagase H, Takamoto M, Noben-Trauth N. Genetic deficiencies of both IL-4 receptor alpha chain and IL-10 trigger early onset of severe colitis in mice. Cell Immunol 2023; 393-394:104779. [PMID: 37935074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases are associated with dysregulated inflammatory immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. We found that deficiencies of both IL-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4Rα) and IL-10 in BALB/c mice (IL-4Rα × IL-10 KO mice) highly induced spontaneous rectal prolapse and diarrhea. These mice also exhibited severe colitis in their cecum and colon and marked elevation of serum proinflammatory cytokines including TNFα and IFNγ. These pathologies were transmittable with their cecal contents containing Helicobacter spp. Their mesenteric LN cells produced TNFα and IFNγ in response to soluble H. hepaticus antigens and high titers of H. hepaticus-specific serum IgG were also detected. These results suggested the important function of IL-4Rα signaling in controlling the intestinal inflammation and the susceptibility to intestinal microbes including H. hepaticus. Therefore, these IL-4Rα × IL-10 KO mice potentially provide the significant murine model for clarifying the causes and control of spontaneous colitis and intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Nagase
- Department of Parasitology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Masaya Takamoto
- Department of Parasitology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Nancy Noben-Trauth
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
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14
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Hung YK, Ho ST, Kuo CY, Chen MJ. Multiomics Strategy Reveals the Mechanism of Action and Ameliorating Effect of Deer Velvet Antler Water Extracts on DSS-Induced Colitis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1913. [PMID: 37509556 PMCID: PMC10377209 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Velvet antler is a precious traditional Chinese medicine used for thousands of years. This study investigated the anti-colitis effects of water extracts of Formosan sambar deer (SVAE) and red deer (RVAE) to identify the possible mechanisms and the bioactive compounds using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. The mechanism of action and the ameliorating effects of SVAE and RVAE on DSS-induced colitis were evaluated using a mouse model. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass/mass and gas chromatography-mass/mass were applied to identify the bioactive components of the SVAE and RVAE water extracts. The results revealed that both high-dose SVAE and RVAE could ameliorate the symptoms of colitis due to reduced systemic inflammatory responses, enhanced intestinal barrier integrity by restoration of tight junction proteins, and improved gut dysbiosis. The potentially bioactive components of SVAE and RVAE were identified as small molecules (<3 kDa). Further identification by untargeted metabolomics analysis suggested that l-carnitine, hypoxanthine, adrenic acid, creatinine, gamma-aminobutyric-lysine, oleic acid, glycine, poly-γ-glutamic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid in VAWEs might be involved in ameliorating the symptoms of colitis. This study provided evidence for the potential usage of SVAE and RVAE as anti-colitis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Kai Hung
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Tse Ho
- Department of Wood Based Materials and Design, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Kuo
- Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan 712, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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15
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Morales M, Xue X. Hypoxia in the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4767-4783. [PMID: 37358514 PMCID: PMC10799609 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic disease of disordered chronic inflammation in the intestines that affects many people across the world. While the disease is still being better characterized, greater progress has been made in understanding the many components that intersect in the disease. Among these components are the many pieces that compose the intestinal epithelial barrier, the various cytokines and immune cells, and the population of microbes that reside in the intestinal lumen. Since their discovery, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) have been found to play an expansive role in physiology as well as diseases such as inflammation due to their role in oxygen sensing-related gene transcription, and metabolic control. Making use of existing and developing paradigms in the immuno-gastroenterology of IBD, we summarized that hypoxic signaling plays as another component in the status and progression of IBD, which may include possible functions at the origins of inflammatory dysregulation. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4767-4783, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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16
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Ionescu EM, Olteanu AO, Tieranu CG, Popa LO, Andrei SI, Preda CM, Dutescu MI, Bojinca M, Tieranu I, Popa OM. Interleukin-4 Gene Polymorphisms in Romanian Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Association with Disease Risk and Clinical Features. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13081465. [PMID: 37189566 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
1. INTRODUCTION Multiple cytokines have been studied for their role in the propagation of the inflammatory process related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), but the role of interleukin-4 remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of two IL-4 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in disease susceptibility and phenotypic expression. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS A group of 160 patients with IBD (86CD/74UC) and 160 healthy controls were genotyped for IL-4 rs2243250/-590C/T and rs2070874/-34C/T using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan assay. 3. RESULTS The analysis of IBD patients and controls revealed a significantly reduced frequency of the minor allele T of both SNPs in CD patients (p = 0.03, OR 0.55 and p = 0.02, OR 0.52) and for the entire IBD group (p = 0.01, OR 0.57 and p = 0.01, OR 0.55). Haplotype analysis identified the most frequent haplotype (rs2243250/rs2070874 CC) associated with a high risk for developing IBD (either UC or CD) (p = 0.003). IBD patients with extraintestinal manifestations had significantly increased frequency of the minor alleles T. We also found an association between the presence of allele C of rs2070874 and response to antiTNF treatment. 4. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to investigate the IL-4 gene's relation to IBD susceptibility conducted in Romania. Both SNPs were found to be associated with disease susceptibility and phenotypic features, such as extraintestinal manifestations and response to antiTNF agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mirela Ionescu
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Elias" Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Ovidiu Olteanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Elias" Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian George Tieranu
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Elias" Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luis Ovidiu Popa
- Molecular Biology Department, "Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural History, 011341 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silvia Ioana Andrei
- Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Thüringen-Kliniken "Georgius Agricola", 07318 Saalfeld, Germany
| | - Carmen Monica Preda
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Irina Dutescu
- "Prof. Dr. C. T. Nicolau" National Institute of Blood Transfusion, 011155 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Bojinca
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Tieranu
- Department of Pediatrics, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Olivia Mihaela Popa
- Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Ozoile Reduces the LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Colonic Epithelial Cells and THP-1 Monocytes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1333-1348. [PMID: 36826032 PMCID: PMC9955553 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of immune functions in intestinal epithelial cells can lead to inflammation that is characterized also by infiltration into intestinal tissue of monocytes/macrophages. Current therapies for intestinal inflammation include anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and biological drugs. Ozoile (stable ozonides) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, ozonated oil has been used mainly for topical applications and no data are available about its effects on intestinal cells or immune cells. In this study, we evaluated Ozoile effects on human HT-29 colonic cells and THP-1 monocytic cells stimulated with LPS to induce inflammation. HT-29 and THP-1 cells were treated with LPS in the presence/absence of Ozoile for 4 h. Biomarkers of inflammation, some members of tight junctions and the adhesion molecule ICAM were assessed by qRT-PCR. Protein expression was analyzed by Western blotting. The release of TNF-α and IL-1β was measured by ELISA. In HT-29, Ozoile inhibited LPS-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, ZO-1, CLDN1, NOS2 and MMP-2 and increased the expression of Nrf2 and SOD2 antioxidant proteins. In THP-1 cells, the LPS induction of TNF-α, IL-1β and ICAM was counteracted by Ozoile treatment. Our in vitro results demonstrate the effectiveness of Ozoile in reducing the inflammatory response in intestinal and monocytic cells. Further in vivo studies are necessary to confirm its possible use for intestinal inflammatory conditions.
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18
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Yang JY, Chen SY, Wu YH, Liao YL, Yen GC. Ameliorative effect of buckwheat polysaccharides on colitis via regulation of the gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:872-883. [PMID: 36563806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plant polysaccharides act as prebiotics by modulating gut microbiota. However, the functional characteristics of buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum polysaccharides (FTP) and F. esculentum polysaccharides (FEP) on colitis prevention are not valid. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of FTP and FEP against TNBS-induced colitis via gut microbiota modulation in rats. The characterizations of FTP and FEP were analyzed, including FTIR, TGA, DSC, and monosaccharide composition. In addition, the pathological features of colon length and symptoms in TNBS-induced colitis were improved via the intragastric preadministration of FTP and FEP. The results showed that prefeeding with FTP and FEP decreased inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), β-glucuronidase, and mucinase, as well as increasing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels, in TNBS-induced rats. A decrease in inflammatory signaling-associated proteins (NF-κB, MAPK, COX-2, and iNOS) improved the treatment of TNBS-induced colitis by buckwheat polysaccharides. Moreover, prefeeding with buckwheat polysaccharides increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and decreased the abundance of inflammation-related bacteria (Oscillospiraceae and Oscillibacter). In conclusion, FTP and FEP strongly improved TNBS-induced colitis through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and microbiota modulation properties, especially in the high-dose FEP group. Buckwheat polysaccharides have the potential for utilization in functional ingredients or food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Yi Yang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsien Wu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lun Liao
- Department of Crop Improvement, Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Chang-Hwa County, Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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19
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Chen J, Wang Y, Shen L, Xiu Y, Wang B. Could IL-25 be a potential therapeutic target for intestinal inflammatory diseases? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 69:43-50. [PMID: 35840510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the IL-17 cytokine family, IL-25 (also called IL-17E) induces and sustains type 2 immunity. IL-25, which is mainly produced by intestinal epithelial cells, has been gradually investigated in recent years for its function in intestinal inflammation but is not yet fully understood. This review summarizes the expression and function of IL-25 in the intestine, especially the progression of its regulatory role on type 2 immunity-related cells. Finally, we discuss the dual role of IL-25 based on inflammatory bowel disease to inform research on targeting IL-25 for the treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingshu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanfeng Xiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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20
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Huang Z, Efthymiadou A, Liang N, Fan R, Treuter E. Antagonistic action of GPS2 and KDM1A at enhancers governs alternative macrophage activation by interleukin 4. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:1067-1086. [PMID: 36610795 PMCID: PMC9943668 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Th2 cytokine interleukin 4 (IL4) promotes macrophage differentiation into alternative subtypes and plays important roles in physiology, in metabolic and inflammatory diseases, in cancer and in tissue regeneration. While the regulatory transcription factor networks governing IL4 signaling are already well-characterized, it is currently less understood which transcriptional coregulators are involved and how they operate mechanistically. In this study, we discover that G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2), a core subunit of the HDAC3 corepressor complex assembled by SMRT and NCOR, represses IL4-dependent enhancer activation in mouse macrophages. Our genome-wide and gene-specific characterization revealed that, instead of directly repressing STAT6, chromatin-bound GPS2 cooperates with SMRT and NCOR to antagonize enhancer activation by lysine demethylase 1A (KDM1A, LSD1). Mechanistically, corepressor depletion increased KDM1A recruitment to enhancers linked to IL4-induced genes, accompanied by demethylation of the repressive histone marks H3K9me2/3 without affecting H3K4me1/2, the classic KDM1A substrates for demethylation in other cellular contexts. This in turn caused enhancer and gene activation already in the absence of IL4/STAT6 and sensitized the STAT6-dependent IL4 responsiveness of macrophages. Thus, our work identified with the antagonistic action of a GPS2-containing corepressor complex and the lysine demethylase KDM1A a hitherto unknown epigenetic corepressor-coactivator switching mechanism that governs alternative macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Astradeni Efthymiadou
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Rongrong Fan. Tel: +46 8 524 81161;
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +46 8 524 81060;
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21
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Stable colonization of Akkermansia muciniphila educates host intestinal microecology and immunity to battle against inflammatory intestinal diseases. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:55-68. [PMID: 36599931 PMCID: PMC9898499 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbial preparations are widely used in treating intestinal diseases but show mixed success. In this study, we found that the therapeutic efficacy of A. muciniphila for dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis as well as intestinal radiation toxicity was ~50%, and mice experiencing a positive prognosis harbored a high frequency of A. muciniphila in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Stable GI colonization of A. muciniphila elicited more profound shifts in the gut microbial community structure of hosts. Coexisting with A. muciniphila facilitated proliferation and reprogrammed the gene expression profile of Lactobacillus murinus, a classic probiotic that overtly responded to A. muciniphila addition in a time-dependent manner. Then, a magnetic-drove, mannose-loaded nanophase material was designed and linked to the surface of A. muciniphila. The modified A. muciniphila exhibited enhancements in inflammation targeting and intestinal colonization under an external magnetic field, elevating the positive-response rate and therapeutic efficacy against intestinal diseases. However, the unlinked cocktail containing A. muciniphila and the delivery system only induced negligible improvement of therapeutic efficacy. Importantly, heat-inactivated A. muciniphila lost therapeutic effects on DSS-induced colitis and was even retained in the GI tract for a long time. Further investigations revealed that the modified A. muciniphila was able to drive M2 macrophage polarization by upregulating the protein level of IL-4 at inflammatory loci. Together, our findings demonstrate that stable colonization of live A. muciniphila at lesion sites is essential for its anti-inflammatory function.
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22
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Chen Y, Chen X, Zhou Q. Different effects of a perioperative single dose of dexamethasone on wound healing in mice with or without sepsis. Front Surg 2023; 10:927168. [PMID: 37114154 PMCID: PMC10126451 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.927168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sepsis delays wound healing owing to uncontrolled inflammation. A single perioperative dose of dexamethasone is widely used because of its anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of dexamethasone on wound healing in sepsis remain unclear. Methods We discuss the methods to obtain dose curves and explore the safe dosage range for wound healing in mice with or without sepsis. A saline or LPS intraperitoneal injection was applied to C57BL/6 mice. After 24 hours, the mice received a saline or DEX intraperitoneal injection and full-thickness, dorsal wounding operation. Wound healing was observed by image record, immunofluorescence and histological staining. Inflammatory cytokines and M1/M2 macrophages in wounds were determined by ELISA and immunofluorescence, respectively. Results Dose-response curves reflected the safe dosage range of DEX in mice with or without sepsis, from 0.121 to 2.03 mg/kg and from 0 to 0.633 mg/kg, respectively. we found that a single dose of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) promoted wound healing in septic mice, but delayed wound healing in normal mice. In normal mice, dexamethasone delays inflammation, resulting in an insufficient number of macrophages during the healing process. In septic mice, dexamethasone alleviated excessive inflammation and maintained the balance of M1/M2 macrophages in the early and late healing process. Discussion In summary, the safe dosage range of dexamethasone in septic mice is wider than that in normal mice. A single dose of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) increased wound healing in septic mice, but delayed it in normal mice. Our findings provide helpful suggestions for the rational use of dexamethasone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoshan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanhong Zhou
- Department of ICU, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence: Quanhong Zhou
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Mu R, Zhang Z, Han C, Niu Y, Xing Z, Liao Z, Xu J, Shao N, Chen G, Zhang J, Dong L, Wang C. Tumor-associated macrophages-educated reparative macrophages promote diabetic wound healing. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 15:e16671. [PMID: 36541165 PMCID: PMC9906426 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonhealing diabetic wounds, with persistent inflammation and damaged vasculature, have failed conventional treatments and require comprehensive interference. Here, inspired by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that produce abundant immunosuppressive and proliferative factors in tumor development, we generate macrophages to recapitulate TAMs' reparative functions, by culturing normal macrophages with TAMs' conditional medium (TAMs-CM). These TAMs-educated macrophages (TAMEMs) outperform major macrophage phenotypes (M0, M1, or M2) in suppressing inflammation, stimulating angiogenesis, and activating fibroblasts in vitro. When delivered to skin wounds in diabetic mice, TAMEMs efficiently promote healing. Based on TAMs-CM's composition, we further reconstitute a nine-factor cocktail to train human primary monocytes into TAMEMsC-h , which fully resemble TAMEMs' functions without using tumor components, thereby having increased safety and enabling the preparation of autologous cells. Our study demonstrates that recapitulating TAMs' unique reparative activities in nontumor cells can lead to an effective cell therapeutic approach with high translational potential for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Mu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina,Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research InstituteUniversity of MacauHengqinChina
| | - Congwei Han
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina,School of Life Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yiming Niu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina,School of Life Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhen Xing
- School of Life Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhencheng Liao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Jinzhi Xu
- School of Life Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ningyi Shao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Guokai Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Life Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chunming Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina,Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research InstituteUniversity of MacauHengqinChina,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
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Zhang HY, Zeng HR, Wei HZ, Chu XY, Zhu HT, Zhao B, Zhang Y. Tongxie-Yaofang formula regulated macrophage polarization to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis via NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154455. [PMID: 36182797 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages infiltration and activation play multiple roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and participate in the occurrence and development of UC. Thus, the restoration of immune balance can be achieved by targeting macrophage polarization. Previous studies have reported that TXYF could effectively ameliorate DSS-induced colitis. However, the underlying mechanisms of TXYF for DSS-induced colitis are still ill-defined. METHODOLOGY This study was designed to explore the therapeutic effect of TXYF and its regulation in macrophages polarization during DSS-induced mice. In C75BL/6 mice, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to induce colitis and concomitantly TXYF was taken orally to evaluate its curative effect. In vitro experiment was implemented on BMDMs by lipopolysaccharide, IFN- and ATP. RESULTS Here, we found that TXYF ameliorated clinical features in DSS-induced mice, decreased macrophages M1 polarization but remarkably increased M2 polarization. Mechanically, TXYF treatment effectively inhibited the activities of nuclear transcription factor NF-κB, which further contributed to the decrease of the inflammasome genes of NLRP3, limiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated administration of TXYF can interfere with macrophage infiltration and polarization to improve the symptoms of acute colitis, by repressing NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway activation. This enriches the mechanism and provides new prospect for TXYF in the treatment of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yue Zhang
- Institute of Colorectal Disease Center of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Hai-Rong Zeng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Wei
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xia-Yan Chu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Ting Zhu
- Institute of Colorectal Disease Center of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bei Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Colorectal Disease Center of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China.
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25
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Macrophage immunotherapy: overcoming impediments to realize promise. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:959-968. [PMID: 36441083 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As an essential component of immunity, macrophages have key roles in mammalian host defense, tissue homeostasis, and repair, as well as in disease pathogenesis and pathophysiology. A source of fascination and extensive research, in this Opinion we challenge the utility of the M1-M2 paradigm, and discuss the importance of accurate characterization of human macrophages. We comment on the application of single cell analytics to define macrophage subpopulations and how this could advance therapeutic options. We argue that human macrophage cell therapy can be used to alleviate many diseases, and offer a viewpoint on the knowledge gaps that must be filled to render such a therapeutic approach a reality and, ideally, a common future practice in precision medicine.
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26
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Chen SY, Shen YC, Lin JA, Yen GC. Rhinacanthus nasutus and okara polysaccharides attenuate colitis via inhibiting inflammation and modulating the gut microbiota. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4631-4645. [PMID: 35918881 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Plant polysaccharides have prebiotic properties for gut microbiota and immune modulation. This study aimed to investigate the prevention abilities of edible Rhinacanthus nasutus polysaccharide (RNP) and okara polysaccharide (OP) in Sprague-Dawley rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. The characterizations of RNP and OP were analyzed, including Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and monosaccharide composition. The prebiotic properties of RNP and OP were determined in vitro. In addition, the pathological features of colon length and inflammatory cytokine levels in acetic acid-induced colitis were improved by intragastric preadministration of RNP and OP for 3 weeks. There was no nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity in rats via histopathological assessment after RNP and OP intake. Moreover, the abundance of short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria (Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacilli, and Prevotellaceae) were increased after RNP supplementation. In conclusion, intragastric gavage of RNP and OP significantly modulated the gut microbiota and immune response, consequently alleviating the symptoms of colitis. This novel finding provides an alternative strategy and potential application of these two polysaccharides for colitis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Shen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-An Lin
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhang H, Zhu X, Friesen TJ, Kwak JW, Pisarenko T, Mekvanich S, Velasco MA, Randolph TW, Kargl J, Houghton AM. Annexin A2/TLR2/MYD88 pathway induces arginase 1 expression in tumor-associated neutrophils. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e153643. [PMID: 36377658 PMCID: PMC9663166 DOI: 10.1172/jci153643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid lineage cells suppress T cell viability through arginine depletion via arginase 1 (ARG1). Despite numerous studies exploring the mechanisms by which ARG1 perturbs lymphocyte function, the cellular populations responsible for its generation and release remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that neutrophil lineage cells and not monocytes or macrophages expressed ARG1 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Importantly, we showed that approximately 40% of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) actively transcribed ARG1 mRNA. To determine the mechanism by which ARG1 mRNA is induced in TANs, we utilized FPLC followed by MS/MS to screen tumor-derived factors capable of inducing ARG1 mRNA expression in neutrophils. These studies identified ANXA2 as the major driver of ARG1 mRNA expression in TANs. Mechanistically, ANXA2 signaled through the TLR2/MYD88 axis in neutrophils to induce ARG1 mRNA expression. The current study describes what we believe to be a novel mechanism by which ARG1 mRNA expression is regulated in neutrophils in cancer and highlights the central role that neutrophil lineage cells play in the suppression of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Timothy W. Randolph
- Clinical Research Division and
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Julia Kargl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A. McGarry Houghton
- Clinical Research Division and
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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28
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Zhou Z, Plug LG, Patente TA, de Jonge-Muller ESM, Elmagd AA, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, Everts B, Barnhoorn MC, Hawinkels LJAC. Increased stromal PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis in inflammatory bowel disease contributes to intestinal inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:966067. [PMID: 36405760 PMCID: PMC9670190 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.966067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammation of the intestinal tract with currently not well-understood pathogenesis. In addition to the involvement of immune cells, increasing studies show an important role for fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of IBD. Previous work showed that glycolysis is the preferred energy source for fibroblasts in fibrotic diseases. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) is a key kinase supporting glycolysis. Increased expression of PFKFB3 in several cancers and inflammatory diseases has been previously reported, but the metabolic status of fibroblasts and the role of PFKFB3 in patients with IBD are currently unknown. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the role of glycolysis and PFKFB3 expression in IBD. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) revealed that glycolysis was significantly higher in IBD intestinal samples, compared to healthy controls, which was confirmed in the validation cohorts of IBD patients. Single-cell sequencing data indicated that PFKFB3 expression was higher in IBD-derived stromal cells. In vitro, PFKFB3 expression in IBD-derived fibroblasts was increased after the stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Using seahorse real-time cell metabolic analysis, inflamed fibroblasts were shown to have a higher extracellular acidification rate and a lower oxygen consumption rate, which could be reversed by inhibition of JAK/STAT pathway. Furthermore, increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in fibroblasts could be reverted by PFK15, a specific inhibitor of PFKFB3. In vivo experiments showed that PFK15 reduced the severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and Tcell transfer induced colitis, which was accompanied by a reduction in immune cell infiltration in the intestines. These findings suggest that increased stromal PFKFB3 expression contributes to inflammation and the pathological function of fibroblasts in IBD. Inhibition of PFKFB3 suppressed their inflammatory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Leonie G. Plug
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thiago A. Patente
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Amir Abou Elmagd
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Bart Everts
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marieke C. Barnhoorn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lukas J. A. C. Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Liu J, Gong W, Liu P, Li Y, Jiang H, Wu X, Zhao Y, Ren J. Macrophages-microenvironment crosstalk in fibrostenotic inflammatory bowel disease: from basic mechanisms to clinical applications. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:1011-1026. [PMID: 36573664 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2161889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) with no available drugs. The current therapeutic principle is surgical intervention as the core. Intestinal macrophages contribute to both the progression of inflammation and fibrosis. Understanding the role of macrophages in the intestinal microenvironment could bring new hope for fibrosis prevention or even reversal. AREAS COVERED This article reviewed the most relevant reports on macrophage in the field of intestinal fibrosis. The authors discussed current opinions about how intestinal macrophages function and interact with surrounding mediators during inflammation resolution and fibrostenotic IBD. Based on biological mechanisms findings, authors summarized related clinical trial outcomes. EXPERT OPINION The plasticity of intestinal macrophages allows them to undergo dramatic alterations in their phenotypes or functions when exposed to gastrointestinal environmental stimuli. They exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics, secrete various cytokines, express unique surface markers, and transmit different signals. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism through which the intestinal macrophages contribute to intestinal fibrosis remains unclear. It should further elucidate a novel therapeutic approach by targeting macrophages, especially distinct mechanisms in specific subgroups of macrophages involved in the progression of fibrogenesis in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanhan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Peizhao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yangguang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210019, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210019, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jianan Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, 210002, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Thomas S, Lappin DF, Spears J, Bennett D, Nile C, Riggio M. Expression of toll-like receptor and cytokine mRNAs in feline odontoclastic resorptive lesion (FORL) and feline oral health. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:395-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cao Q, Mertens RT, Sivanathan KN, Cai X, Xiao P. Macrophage orchestration of epithelial and stromal cell homeostasis in the intestine. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:313-331. [PMID: 35593111 PMCID: PMC9543232 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ru0322-176r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a complex ecosystem where numerous cell types of epithelial, immune, neuronal, and endothelial origin coexist in an intertwined, highly organized manner. The functional equilibrium of the intestine relies heavily on the proper crosstalk and cooperation among each cell population. Furthermore, macrophages are versatile, innate immune cells that participate widely in the modulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling. Emerging evidence suggest that macrophages are central in orchestrating tissue homeostasis. Herein, we describe how macrophages interact with epithelial cells, neurons, and other types of mesenchymal cells under the context of intestinal inflammation, followed by the therapeutic implications of cellular crosstalk pertaining to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Randall Tyler Mertens
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kisha Nandini Sivanathan
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuechun Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Inoue GN, Pimenta R, Camargo JA, Viana NI, Guimarães VR, Srougi M, Nahas WC, Leite KR, Reis ST. Combined spinal and general anesthesia attenuate tumor promoting effects of surgery. An experimental animal study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 75:103398. [PMID: 35386811 PMCID: PMC8977895 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radical prostatectomy, a standard management approach for localized Prostate Cancer (PC), may cause a stress response associated with immune modulating effects. Regional anesthesia was hypothesized to reduce the immune effects of surgery by minimizing the neuroendocrine surgical stress response, thus mitigating tumor cells dissemination. Our primary objective was to investigate whether the use of spinal blocks attenuates PC tumor cells dissemination on an animal model. We also assessed the number of circulating NK cells and the amount of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Materials and methods A subcutaneous tumor model, with PC-3M cell line transfected with a luciferase-producing gene (PC-3M-luc-C6) was used. After proper tumor establishment and before tumors became metastatic, animals were submitted to tumor excision surgeries under general or combined (general and spinal) anesthesia. A control group was only anesthetized with general anesthesia. Results The subcutaneous tumor model with PC-3M-luc-C6 cells was effective in causing distant metastasis after 35 days. The number of circulating tumor cells increased in animals that underwent surgery under general anesthesia alone compared to the group submitted to combined anesthesia. Interleukin 6 levels were different in all groups, with increase in the general anesthesia group. Conclusion Our results suggest that combination of spinal and general anesthesia may attenuate the suppression of innate tumor immunity and it might be related to a reduction in the neuroendocrine response to surgery. Institutional protocol number Animal Ethics Committee 1332/2019. Regional anesthesia is related to a reduction in the neuroendocrine response to surgery. Spinal anesthesia combined with general anesthesia modulates Circulating Tumor Cells and cytokines after tissue damage. General anesthesia combined to spinal block could reduce cancer cells dissemination in the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo N.C. Inoue
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, 2nd floor, room 2145, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Ruan Pimenta
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Juliana A. Camargo
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Nayara I. Viana
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Vanessa R. Guimarães
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - William C. Nahas
- Uro-Oncology Group, Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Sao Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Katia R.M. Leite
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Sabrina T. Reis
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
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Liang L, Liu L, Zhou W, Yang C, Mai G, Li H, Chen Y. Gut microbiota-derived butyrate regulates gut mucus barrier repair by activating the macrophage/WNT/ERK signaling pathway. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:291-307. [PMID: 35194640 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is majorly associated with dysregulation of the dynamic cross-talk among microbial metabolites, intestinal epithelial cells, and macrophages. Several studies have reported the significant role of butyrate in host-microbiota communication. However, whether butyrate provides anti-inflammatory profiles in macrophages, thus contributing to UC intestinal mucus barrier protection, has currently remained elusive. In the current study, we found that butyrate increased mucin production and the proportion of mucin-secreting goblet cells in the colon crypt in a macrophage-dependent manner by using clodronate liposomes. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro studies were conducted, validating that butyrate facilitates M2 macrophage polarization with the elevated expressions of CD206 and arginase-1 (Arg1). In macrophages/goblet-like LS174T cells co-culture systems, butyrate-primed M2 macrophages significantly enhanced the expression of mucin-2 (MUC2) and SPDEF (goblet cell marker genes) than butyrate alone, while blockade of WNTs secretion or ERK1/2 activation significantly decreased the beneficial effect of butyrate-primed macrophages on goblet cell function. Additionally, the adoptive transfer of butyrate-induced M2 macrophages facilitated the generation of goblet cells and mucus restoration following dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) insult. Taken together, our results revealed a novel mediator of macrophage-goblet cell cross-talk associated with the regulation of epithelial barrier integrity, implying that the microbial metabolite butyrate may serve as a candidate therapeutic target for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrative Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanyan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenghai Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrative Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Genghui Mai
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haolin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrative Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Crifo B, MacNaughton WK. Cells and mediators of inflammation as effectors of epithelial repair in the inflamed intestine. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G169-G182. [PMID: 34878937 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00194.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal and histological healing have become the gold standards for assessing the efficacy of therapy in patients living with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Despite these being the accepted goals in therapy, the mechanisms that underlie the healing of the mucosa after an inflammatory insult are not well understood, and many patients fail to meet this therapeutic endpoint. Here we review the emerging evidence that mediators (e.g., prostaglandins, cytokines, proteases, reactive oxygen, and nitrogen species) and innate immune cells (e.g., neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages), that are involved in the initiation of the inflammatory response, are also key players in the mechanisms underlying mucosal healing to resolve chronic inflammation in the colon. The dual function mediators comprise an inflammation/repair program that returns damaged tissue to homeostasis. Understanding details of the dual mechanisms of these mediators and cells may provide the basis for the development of drugs that can help to stimulate epithelial repair in patients affected by IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Crifo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wallace K MacNaughton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Raman M, Ma C, Taylor LM, Dieleman LA, Gkoutos GV, Vallance JK, McCoy KD, Lewis I, Jijon H, McKay DM, Mutch DM, Barkema HW, Gibson D, Rauch M, Ghosh S. Crohn's disease therapeutic dietary intervention (CD-TDI): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2022; 9:e000841. [PMID: 35046093 PMCID: PMC8772401 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2021-000841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dietary patterns that might induce remission in patients with active Crohn's disease (CD) are of interest to patients, but studies are limited in the published literature. We aim to explore the efficacy of the CD therapeutic dietary intervention (CD-TDI), a novel dietary approach developed from best practices and current evidence, to induce clinical and biomarker remission in adult patients with active CD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is a 13-week, multicentre, randomised controlled trial in patients with mild-to-moderate active CD at baseline. One hundred and two patients will be block randomised, by sex, 2:1 to the intervention (CD-TDI) or conventional management. Coprimary outcomes are clinical and biomarker remission, defined as a Harvey Bradshaw Index of <5 and a faecal calprotectin of <250 µg/g, respectively.Secondary outcomes include gut microbiota diversity and composition, faecal short-chain fatty acids, regulatory macrophage function, serum and faecal metabolomics, C reactive protein, peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression profiles, quality of life, sedentary time and physical activity at 7 and/or 13 weeks. Predictive models of clinical response to a CD-TDI will be investigated. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The research protocol was approved by the Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Calgary (REB19-0402) and the Health Research Ethics Board-Biomedical Panel at the University of Alberta (Pro00090772). Study findings will be presented at national and international conferences, submitted for publication in abstracts and manuscripts, shared on social media and disseminated through patient-education materials. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04596566.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitreyi Raman
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lorian M Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Levinus A Dieleman
- Department of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Georgios V Gkoutos
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jeff K Vallance
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Humberto Jijon
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek M McKay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Herman W Barkema
- Department of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deanna Gibson
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Subrata Ghosh
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Feng J, Zhang L, Tang X, Hu W, Zhou P. Major yolk protein from sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) attenuates acute colitis via regulation of microbial dysbiosis and inflammatory responses. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110841. [PMID: 34980380 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease afflicted individuals and most medications have adverse effects. The objection of this study is to investigate whether the major yolk protein (MYP) could aid in the remission of colitis. The function of MYP on acute colitis was assessed through a dextran sulfate sodium -induced colitis mice model. Compared to the model group, the anti-inflammatory cytokines increased significantly in the MYP group, whereas the pro-inflammatory cytokines were not significantly different between the model and treatment group. The results also showed that supplementation of MYP improved the shift in microbial community composition of mice with colitis induced by DSS. In addition, MYP supplementation enriched the contents of fecal short-chain fatty acids. The alleviation of MYP on the colitis was probably related to repair the dysbiosis state of colonic microbiota, which thus induced an increase in short-chain fatty acids level and secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10). In sum, oral MYP may be a potential candidate for the attenuating of acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China.
| | - Xue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Shandong Homey Aquatic Development CO., Rongcheng, Shandong Province 264000, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China.
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Ahmed I, Yusuf K, Roy BC, Stubbs J, Anant S, Attard TM, Sampath V, Umar S. Dietary Interventions Ameliorate Infectious Colitis by Restoring the Microbiome and Promoting Stem Cell Proliferation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:339. [PMID: 35008767 PMCID: PMC8745185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreases in short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFAs) are linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Yet, the mechanisms through which SCFAs promote wound healing, orchestrated by intestinal stem cells, are poorly understood. We discovered that, in mice with Citrobacter rodentium (CR)-induced infectious colitis, treatment with Pectin and Tributyrin diets reduced the severity of colitis by restoring Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and by increasing mucus production. RNA-seq in young adult mouse colon (YAMC) cells identified higher expression of Lgr4, Lgr6, DCLK1, Muc2, and SIGGIR after Butyrate treatment. Lineage tracing in CR-infected Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-CreERT2/ROSA26-LacZ (Lgr5-R) mice also revealed an expansion of LacZ-labeled Lgr5(+) stem cells in the colons of both Pectin and Tributyrin-treated mice compared to control. Interestingly, gut microbiota was required for Pectin but not Tributyrin-induced Lgr5(+) stem cell expansion. YAMC cells treated with sodium butyrate exhibited increased Lgr5 promoter reporter activity due to direct Butyrate binding with Lgr5 at -4.0 Kcal/mol, leading to thermal stabilization. Upon ChIP-seq, H3K4me3 increased near Lgr5 transcription start site that contained the consensus binding motif for a transcriptional activator of Lgr5 (SPIB). Thus, a multitude of effects on gut microbiome, differential gene expression, and/or expansion of Lgr5(+) stem cells seem to underlie amelioration of colitis following dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (I.A.); (K.Y.); (B.C.R.)
| | - Kafayat Yusuf
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (I.A.); (K.Y.); (B.C.R.)
| | - Badal C. Roy
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (I.A.); (K.Y.); (B.C.R.)
| | - Jason Stubbs
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Cancer Biology Department, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Thomas M. Attard
- Department of Pediatrics and Gastroenterology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (T.M.A.); (V.S.)
| | - Venkatesh Sampath
- Department of Pediatrics and Gastroenterology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (T.M.A.); (V.S.)
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (I.A.); (K.Y.); (B.C.R.)
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Sun S, Xu X, Liang L, Wang X, Bai X, Zhu L, He Q, Liang H, Xin X, Wang L, Lou C, Cao X, Chen X, Li B, Wang B, Zhao J. Lactic Acid-Producing Probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae Attenuates Ulcerative Colitis via Suppressing Macrophage Pyroptosis and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Front Immunol 2021; 12:777665. [PMID: 34899735 PMCID: PMC8652295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.777665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid, a metabolic by-product of host and intestinal microbiota, has been recovered as an active signal molecule in the immune system. In this study, a lactic acid biosynthesis pathway that directly produces lactic acid from glucose rather than ethanol with high production was reconstructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The engineered S. cerevisiae showed anti-inflammatory activity in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mice with improved histological damage, increased mucosal barrier, and decreased intestinal immune response. Lactic acid regulated the macrophage polarization state and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro. Increasing the macrophage monocarboxylic acid transporter-mediated active lactic acid uptake suppressed the excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the downstream caspase-1 pathway in macrophages. Moreover, lactic acid promoted histone H3K9 acetylation and histone H3K18 lactylation. Meanwhile, the engineered S. cerevisiae altered the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota and changed the abundance of metabolic products in mice with colitis. In conclusion, this study shows that the application of engineered S. cerevisiae attenuated DSS-induced colitis in mice via suppressing macrophage pyroptosis and modulating the intestinal microbiota, which is an effective and safe treatment strategy for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuxiu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Qijin He
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Huixi Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaocang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingzhi Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
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Chai N, Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Shi W, Yao Y, Sui H, Zhu H. YYFZBJS inhibits colorectal tumorigenesis by remodeling gut microbiota and influence on M2 macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:5338-5357. [PMID: 34873464 PMCID: PMC8640793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that the extract of Yi-Yi-Fu-Zi-Bai-Jiang-San (YYFZBJS) had potent anticancer activities by significantly inhibiting intestinal tumor development in ApcMin/+ mice. However, knowledge regarding the mechanism and effect of YYFZBJS in the prevention of colorectal cancer is limited. In this study, we aim to investigate the preventive effects of YYFZBJS in enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF)-colonized mice with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced tumorigenesis. First, the colonic tissues of the AOM/DSS mouse models were collected for biomedical analysis, and gut microbiota profiling was detected post YYFZBJS treatment using a 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Then, antibiotic solution (Abx) mice were acclimated with AOM/DSS treatment and then fed with ETBF with or without YYFZBJS for three cycles. As expected, the intragastric administration of YYFZBJS in the AOM/DSS mouse model significantly decreased the tumor load, the severity of disease activity index (DAI) scores, and the level of M2 macrophage markers such as CD206, Arg-1 and IL-10. Notably, the reverse of polarized macrophages induced by YYFZBJS could suppress CRC cell proliferation and infiltration, as demonstrated by the decrease of some tumor proliferation-related proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, ETBF dysbiosis can contribute to colon tumor development by stimulating p-STAT3 mediated M2 macrophages polarization to promote chronic inflammation and adenoma malignant transformation, which YYFZBJS can effectively limit. Altogether, we demonstrate that ETBF dysbiosis may contribute to M2 macrophages-promoted colon carcinogenesis and progression of CRC cells, while YYFZBJS could be a promising protective agent against ETBF-mediated colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Chai
- Oncology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437, China
| | - Yibai Xiong
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700, China
| | - Yuli Zhang
- Medical Experiment Center, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 201803, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 201803, China
| | - Yuelei Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenfei Shi
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200271, China
| | - Yiqing Yao
- Oncology Department, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437, China
| | - Hua Sui
- Medical Experiment Center, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 201803, China
| | - Huirong Zhu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203, China
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40
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Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2371-2380. [PMID: 34581755 PMCID: PMC8589436 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses commonly emerge during allergic reactions or infections with helminth parasites. Most of the cytokines associated with type 2 immune responses are IL-4, IL-5, and IL13, which are mainly produced by T helper 2 cells (TH2), eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Over the course of evolution, humans have developed type 2 immune responses to fight infections and to protect tissues from the potential collateral damage caused by inflammation. For example, worm parasites induce potent type 2 immune responses, which are needed to simultaneously clear the pathogen and to promote tissue repair following injury. Due to the strong type 2 immune responses induced by helminths, which can promote tissue repair in the damaged epithelium, their use has been suggested as a possible treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the role of type 2 immune responses in the initiation and progression of IBD is not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate type 2 immune responses during intestinal homeostasis, and we briefly discuss the scarce evidence linking type 2 immune responses with the aetiology of IBD.
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Callejas BE, Blyth GAD, Jendzjowsky N, Wang A, Babbar A, Koro K, Wilson RJA, Kelly MM, Cobo ER, McKay DM. Interleukin-4 Programmed Macrophages Suppress Colitis and Do Not Enhance Infectious-Colitis, Inflammation-Associated Colon Cancer or Airway Hypersensitivity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:744738. [PMID: 34691050 PMCID: PMC8527087 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.744738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The murine interleukin-4 treated macrophage (MIL4) exerts anti-inflammatory and pro-healing effects and has been shown to reduce the severity of chemical-induced colitis. Positing M(IL4) transfer as an anti-inflammatory therapy, the possibility of side-effects must be considered. Consequently, bone marrow-derived M(IL4)s were administered via intraperitoneal injection to mice concomitant with Citrobacter rodentium infection (infections colitis), azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulphate (AOM/DSS) treatment [a model of colorectal cancer (CRC)], or ovalbumin sensitization (airway inflammation). The impact of M(IL4) treatment on C. rodentium infectivity, colon histopathology, tumor number and size and tissue-specific inflammation was examined in these models. The anti-colitic effect of the M(IL4)s were confirmed in the di-nitrobenzene sulphonic acid model of colitis and the lumen-to-blood movement of 4kDa FITC-dextran and bacterial translocation to the spleen and liver was also improved by M(IL4) treatment. Analysis of the other models of disease, that represent comorbidities that can occur in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), revealed that M(IL4) treatment did not exaggerate the severity of any of the conditions. Rather, there was reduction in the size (but not number) of polyps in the colon of AOM/DSS-mice and reduced infectivity and inflammation in C. rodentium-infected mice in M(IL4)-treated mice. Thus, while any new therapy can have unforeseen side effects, our data confirm and extend the anti-colitic capacity of murine M(IL4)s and indicate that systemic delivery of one million M(IL4)s did not exaggerate disease in models of colonic or airways inflammation or colonic tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca E Callejas
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Graham A D Blyth
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary and Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nicholas Jendzjowsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Arthur Wang
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anshu Babbar
- Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Konstantin Koro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Richard J A Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Margaret M Kelly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eduardo R Cobo
- Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek M McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Shute A, Callejas BE, Li S, Wang A, Jayme TS, Ohland C, Lewis IA, Layden BT, Buret AG, McKay DM. Cooperation between host immunity and the gut bacteria is essential for helminth-evoked suppression of colitis. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:186. [PMID: 34517928 PMCID: PMC8438845 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the inhibition of inflammation by infection with helminth parasites have, until recently, overlooked a key determinant of health: the gut microbiota. Infection with helminths evokes changes in the composition of their host's microbiota: one outcome of which is an altered metabolome (e.g., levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)) in the gut lumen. The functional implications of helminth-evoked changes in the enteric microbiome (composition and metabolites) are poorly understood and are explored with respect to controlling enteric inflammation. METHODS Antibiotic-treated wild-type, germ-free (GF) and free fatty-acid receptor-2 (ffar2) deficient mice were infected with the tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta, then challenged with DNBS-colitis and disease severity and gut expression of the il-10 receptor-α and SCFA receptors/transporters assessed 3 days later. Gut bacteria composition was assessed by 16 s rRNA sequencing and SCFAs were measured. Other studies assessed the ability of feces or a bacteria-free fecal filtrate from H. diminuta-infected mice to inhibit colitis. RESULTS Protection against disease by infection with H. diminuta was abrogated by antibiotic treatment and was not observed in GF-mice. Bacterial community profiling revealed an increase in variants belonging to the families Lachnospiraceae and Clostridium cluster XIVa in mice 8 days post-infection with H. diminuta, and the transfer of feces from these mice suppressed DNBS-colitis in GF-mice. Mice treated with a bacteria-free filtrate of feces from H. diminuta-infected mice were protected from DNBS-colitis. Metabolomic analysis revealed increased acetate and butyrate (both or which can reduce colitis) in feces from H. diminuta-infected mice, but not from antibiotic-treated H. diminuta-infected mice. H. diminuta-induced protection against DNBS-colitis was not observed in ffar2-/- mice. Immunologically, anti-il-10 antibodies inhibited the anti-colitic effect of H. diminuta-infection. Analyses of epithelial cell lines, colonoids, and colon segments uncovered reciprocity between butyrate and il-10 in the induction of the il-10-receptor and butyrate transporters. CONCLUSION Having defined a feed-forward signaling loop between il-10 and butyrate following infection with H. diminuta, this study identifies the gut microbiome as a critical component of the anti-colitic effect of this helminth therapy. We suggest that any intention-to-treat with helminth therapy should be based on the characterization of the patient's immunological and microbiological response to the helminth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Shute
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Blanca E Callejas
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - ShuHua Li
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arthur Wang
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Timothy S Jayme
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christina Ohland
- International Microbiome Center, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ian A Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - André G Buret
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Derek M McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, Calvin, Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Rajeev S, Sosnowski O, Li S, Allain T, Buret AG, McKay DM. Enteric Tuft Cells in Host-Parasite Interactions. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091163. [PMID: 34578195 PMCID: PMC8467374 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteric tuft cells are chemosensory epithelial cells gaining attention in the field of host-parasite interactions. Expressing a repertoire of chemosensing receptors and mediators, these cells have the potential to detect lumen-dwelling helminth and protozoan parasites and coordinate epithelial, immune, and neuronal cell defenses against them. This review highlights the versatility of enteric tuft cells and sub-types thereof, showcasing nuances of tuft cell responses to different parasites, with a focus on helminths reflecting the current state of the field. The role of enteric tuft cells in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal viral infection is assessed in the context of concomitant infection with parasites. Finally, the review presents pertinent questions germane to understanding the enteric tuft cell and its role in enteric parasitic infections. There is much to be done to fully elucidate the response of this intriguing cell type to parasitic-infection and there is negligible data on the biology of the human enteric tuft cell—a glaring gap in knowledge that must be filled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Rajeev
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.R.); (S.L.)
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Olivia Sosnowski
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Shuhua Li
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.R.); (S.L.)
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Thibault Allain
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - André G. Buret
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Derek M. McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.R.); (S.L.)
- Inflammation Research Network and Host-Parasite Interaction Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (O.S.); (T.A.); (A.G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-403-220-7362
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Stein MC, Braun F, Krebs CF, Bunders MJ. Kidney organoid systems for studies of immune-mediated kidney diseases: challenges and opportunities. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:457-473. [PMID: 34309728 PMCID: PMC8310776 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic kidney diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in the global population. Many nephropathies are considered to be immune-mediated with dysregulated immune responses playing an important role in the pathogenesis. At present, targeted approaches for many kidney diseases are still lacking, as the underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. With the recent development of organoids—a three-dimensional, multicellular culture system, which recapitulates important aspects of human tissues—new opportunities to investigate interactions between renal cells and immune cells in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases arise. To date, kidney organoid systems, which reflect the structure and closer resemble critical aspects of the organ, have been established. Here, we highlight the recent advances in the development of kidney organoid models, including pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids and primary epithelial cell-based tubuloids. The employment and further required advances of current organoid models are discussed to investigate the role of the immune system in renal tissue development, regeneration, and inflammation to identify targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches of immune-mediated kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Stein
- Research Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Braun
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F Krebs
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Madeleine J Bunders
- Research Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz-Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.
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Arvind V, Huang AH. Reparative and Maladaptive Inflammation in Tendon Healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:719047. [PMID: 34350166 PMCID: PMC8327090 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.719047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries are common and debilitating, with non-regenerative healing often resulting in chronic disease. While there has been considerable progress in identifying the cellular and molecular regulators of tendon healing, the role of inflammation in tendon healing is less well understood. While inflammation underlies chronic tendinopathy, it also aids debris clearance and signals tissue repair. Here, we highlight recent findings in this area, focusing on the cells and cytokines involved in reparative inflammation. We also discuss findings from other model systems when research in tendon is minimal, and explore recent studies in the treatment of human tendinopathy to glean further insights into the immunobiology of tendon healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Arvind
- Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alice H. Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Abstract
Numerous individuals suffer from impaired wound healing, such as chronic ulcers, severe burns and immune disorders, resulting in both public health and economic burdens. Skin is the first line of defense and the largest organ of the human body, however, an incomplete understanding of underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of dermal repair leads to a lack of effective therapy for healing impaired wounds. There are strong clinical and social needs for improved therapeutic approaches to enhance endogenous tissue repair and regenerative capacity. The purpose of this review is to illuminate the cellular and molecular aspects of the healing process and highlight potential therapeutic strategies to accelerate translational research and the development of clinical therapies in dermal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojing Dai
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, The Advanced Technology Genomics Core, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
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Du Y, Rong L, Cong Y, Shen L, Zhang N, Wang B. Macrophage polarization: an effective approach to targeted therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:191-209. [PMID: 33682588 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1901079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a systemic disease with immune abnormalities that can affect the entire digestive tract. A high percentage of patients with IBD are unresponsive to current pharmacological agents, hence the need exists for novel therapeutic approaches. There is compelling evidence that macrophage polarization plays a key role in the remission of IBD patients and that it could open up future treatment options for patients.Areas covered: This paper highlights the crucial role of macrophage polarization in IBD. The authors shed light on the phenotype and function of macrophages and potential drug targets for polarization regulation. Existing approaches for regulating macrophage polarization are discussed and potential solutions for safety concerns are considered. We performed a literature search on the IBD and macrophage polarization mainly published in PubMed January 2010-July 2020.Expert opinion: Evidence indicates that there are fewer M2 macrophages and a high proportion of M1 macrophages in the intestinal tissues of individuals who are non- responsive to treatment. Regulating macrophage polarization is a potential novel targeted option for IBD treatment. Improved mechanistic insights are required to uncover more precise and effective targets for skewing macrophages into a proper phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Du
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Rong
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhua Cong
- Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Uncovering the mechanism of Ge-Gen-Qin-Lian decoction for treating ulcerative colitis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking verification. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227516. [PMID: 33409535 PMCID: PMC7876598 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ge-Gen-Qin-Lian Decoction (GGQLD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used for ulcerative colitis (UC) in China, but the pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. This research was designed to clarify the underlying pharmacological mechanism of GGQLD against UC. Method: In this research, a GGQLD-compound-target-UC network was constructed based on public databases to clarify the relationship between active compounds in GGQLD and potential targets. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to investigate biological functions associated with potential targets. A protein–protein interaction network was constructed to screen and evaluate hub genes and key active ingredients. Molecular docking was used to verify the activities of binding between hub targets and ingredients. Results: Finally, 83 potential therapeutic targets and 118 corresponding active ingredients were obtained by network pharmacology. Quercetin, kaempferol, wogonin, baicalein, and naringenin were identified as potential candidate ingredients. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that GGQLD had anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory effects. The effect of GGQLD on UC might be achieved by regulating the balance of cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF, IL-1β, CXCL8, CCL2) in the immune system and inflammation-related pathways, such as the IL-17 pathway and the Th17 cell differentiation pathway. In addition, molecular docking results demonstrated that the main active ingredient, quercetin, exhibited good affinity to hub targets. Conclusion: This research fully reflects the multicomponent and multitarget characteristics of GGQLD in the treatment of UC. Furthermore, the present study provided new insight into the mechanisms of GGQLD against UC.
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Zheng J, Kong Y, Hu X, Li Z, Li Y, Zhong Y, Wei X, Ling J. MicroRNA-enriched small extracellular vesicles possess odonto-immunomodulatory properties for modulating the immune response of macrophages and promoting odontogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:517. [PMID: 33256846 PMCID: PMC7708107 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the odonto-immunomodulatory properties of dental pulp stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (DPSCs-sEV), which promote odontogenesis by switching macrophages toward the pro-healing M2 phenotype. Methods MicroRNA sequencing was carried out for microRNA profiling of DPSCs-sEV. Automated Western blot, qPCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry were performed to identify the functions of microRNA-enriched DPSCs-sEV in macrophages. A luciferase reporter gene assay was carried out to confirm exosomal miR-125a-3p’s direct target gene. DPSCs-sEV-stimulated macrophage-conditioned media were used to promote odontogenesis in DPSCs and explore the mechanism of immune response in DPSCs-SEV-stimulated odontogenesis. DPSCs-sEV were injected into the exposed pulp tissue of rat incisor to investigate the odonto-immunomodulatory properties of DPSCs-sEV in vivo. Results DPSCs-sEV switched macrophages to the pro-healing M2 phenotype by inhibiting TLR and NFκΒ signaling. MicroRNA sequencing found 81 microRNAs significantly altered in DPSCS-sEV, with miR-125a-3p showing a 12-fold upregulation. Exosomal miR-125a-3p switched macrophages toward the M2 phenotype via inhibiting NFκΒ and TLR signaling via direct IKBKB targeting. Interestingly, DPSCs-sEV and the encapsulated miR-125a-3p enhanced BMP2 release in macrophages, promoting odontogenesis in DPSCs through BMP2 pathway activation. The rat study confirmed that DPSCs-sEV could be used as ideal biomimetic tools to enhance odontogenesis by switching macrophages toward pro-healing M2 cells. Conclusions We firstly defined the odonto-immunomodulatory properties of microRNA-enriched DPSCs-sEV, which could be used as ideal biomimetic tools to enhance odontogenesis by switching macrophages toward the pro-healing M2 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmao Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhishan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaoyin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqun Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Junqi Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.
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Ruder B, Becker C. At the Forefront of the Mucosal Barrier: The Role of Macrophages in the Intestine. Cells 2020; 9:E2162. [PMID: 32987848 PMCID: PMC7601053 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are part of the innate immunity and are key players for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. They belong to the group of mononuclear phagocytes, which exert bactericidal functions and help to clear apoptotic cells. Moreover, they play essential roles for the maintenance of epithelial integrity and tissue remodeling during wound healing processes and might be implicated in intestinal tumor development. Macrophages are antigen-presenting cells and secrete immune-modulatory factors, like chemokines and cytokines, which are necessary to activate other intestinal immune cells and therefore to shape immune responses in the gut. However, overwhelming activation or increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines might also contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Presently, intestinal macrophages are in the center of intense studies, which might help to develop new therapeutic strategies to counteract the development or treat already existing inflammatory diseases in the gut. In this review, we focus on the origin of intestinal macrophages and, based on current knowledge, discuss their role in the gut during homeostasis and inflammation, as well as during intestinal wound healing and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany;
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