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Liu Z, Xie W, Li H, Liu X, Lu Y, Lu B, Deng Z, Li Y. Novel perspectives on leptin in osteoarthritis: Focus on aging. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101159. [PMID: 39229323 PMCID: PMC11369483 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, subchondral sclerosis, synovitis, and osteophyte formation. OA is associated with disability and impaired quality of life, particularly among the elderly. Leptin, a 16-kD non-glycosylated protein encoded by the obese gene, is produced on a systemic and local basis in adipose tissue and the infrapatellar fat pad located in the knee. The metabolic mechanisms employed by leptin in OA development have been widely studied, with attention being paid to aging as a corroborative risk factor for OA. Hence, in this review, we have attempted to establish a potential link between leptin and OA, by focusing on aging-associated mechanisms and proposing leptin as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in aging-related mechanisms of OA that may provide fruitful guidance and emphasis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimo Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Bangbao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhenhan Deng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Yuan Y, Zou M, Wu S, Liu C, Hao L. Recent advances in nanomaterials for the treatment of femoral head necrosis. Hum Cell 2024; 37:1290-1305. [PMID: 38995503 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01102-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a condition that causes considerable pain and discomfort for patients, and its pathogenic mechanisms are not yet fully understood. While there have been many studies that suggest multiple factors may contribute to its development, current treatments involve both surgical and nonsurgical options. However, there is still much room for improvement in these treatment methods, particularly when it comes to preventing postoperative complications and optimizing surgical procedures. Nanomaterials, as a type of small molecule material, have shown great promise in treating bone tissue diseases, including ONFH. In fact, several nanocomposite materials have demonstrated specific effects in preventing ONFH, promoting bone tissue repair and growth, and optimizing surgical treatment. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current treatments for ONFH, including their advantages and limitations, and reviews the latest advances in nanomaterials for treating this condition. Additionally, this article explores the therapeutic mechanisms involved in using nanomaterials to treat ONFH and to identify new methods and ideas for improving outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Mi Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shuqin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Paoletti L, Baschieri F, Migliorini C, Di Meo C, Monasson O, Peroni E, Matricardi P. 3D printing of gellan-dextran methacrylate IPNs in glycerol and their bioadhesion by RGD derivatives. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1107-1123. [PMID: 38433552 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The ever-growing need for new tissue and organ replacement approaches paved the way for tissue engineering. Successful tissue regeneration requires an appropriate scaffold, which allows cell adhesion and provides mechanical support during tissue repair. In this light, an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) system based on biocompatible polysaccharides, dextran (Dex) and gellan (Ge), was designed and proposed as a surface that facilitates cell adhesion in tissue engineering applications. The new matrix was developed in glycerol, an unconventional solvent, before the chemical functionalization of the polymer backbone, which provides the system with enhanced properties, such as increased stiffness and bioadhesiveness. Dex was modified introducing methacrylic groups, which are known to be sensitive to UV light. At the same time, Ge was functionalized with RGD moieties, known as promoters for cell adhesion. The printability of the systems was evaluated by exploiting the ability of glycerol to act as a co-initiator in the process, speeding up the kinetics of crosslinking. Following semi-IPNs formation, the solvent was removed by extensive solvent exchange with HEPES and CaCl2, leading to conversion into IPNs due to the ionic gelation of Ge chains. Mechanical properties were investigated and IPNs ability to promote osteoblasts adhesion was evaluated on thin-layer, 3D-printed disk films. Our results show a significant increase in adhesion on hydrogels decorated with RGD moieties, where osteoblasts adopted the spindle-shaped morphology typical of adherent mesenchymal cells. Our findings support the use of RGD-decorated Ge/Dex IPNs as new matrices able to support and facilitate cell adhesion in the perspective of bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Paoletti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Baschieri
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Migliorini
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Olivier Monasson
- CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, BioCIS, Cergy-Pontoise, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Elisa Peroni
- CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, BioCIS, Cergy-Pontoise, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Pietro Matricardi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Zhou X, Lian K, Jia J, Zhao X, Duan P, Huang J, Shi Y. Functions of Epimedin C in a zebrafish model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18569. [PMID: 39072972 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Epimedium is thought to enhance the integrity of tendons and bones, ease joint discomfort and rigidity and enhance kidney function. Although glucocorticoids are commonly used in clinical practice, the mechanism by which the active compound Epimedin C (EC) alleviates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is not well understood. The therapeutic potential of EC in treating GIOP was evaluated using alizarin red S staining, calcein immersion and fluorescence imaging, and bone mineralization, bone mass accumulation and bone density in zebrafish larvae were determined. Using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, the key signalling pathways related to bone development were identified. A protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) was constructed to identify osteoclast characteristic genes and the findings were verified using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The bone tissue damage caused by prednisolone was reduced by EC. It also altered physiological processes, improved bone density, boosted mineralization and increased bone mass and activity. Subsequent empirical investigations showed that EC impacted the major signalling pathways involved in bone development, such as osteoclast differentiation, oestrogen, MAPK, insulin resistance, PPAR and AMPK signalling pathways. It also decreased the expression of genes typical of osteoclasts. The results of our study uncover a previously unknown function of EC in controlling bone formation and emphasize the potential of EC as a therapeutic target. The osteoprotective effect of EC indicates its potential as a cost-effective strategy for treating GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Kai Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Junjie Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Peng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jiaolong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases of Xiangyang City, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yihua Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
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Reddien PW. The purpose and ubiquity of turnover. Cell 2024; 187:2657-2681. [PMID: 38788689 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Turnover-constant component production and destruction-is ubiquitous in biology. Turnover occurs across organisms and scales, including for RNAs, proteins, membranes, macromolecular structures, organelles, cells, hair, feathers, nails, antlers, and teeth. For many systems, turnover might seem wasteful when degraded components are often fully functional. Some components turn over with shockingly high rates and others do not turn over at all, further making this process enigmatic. However, turnover can address fundamental problems by yielding powerful properties, including regeneration, rapid repair onset, clearance of unpredictable damage and errors, maintenance of low constitutive levels of disrepair, prevention of stable hazards, and transitions. I argue that trade-offs between turnover benefits and metabolic costs, combined with constraints on turnover, determine its presence and rates across distinct contexts. I suggest that the limits of turnover help explain aging and that turnover properties and the basis for its levels underlie this fundamental component of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Reddien
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Yen BL, Wang LT, Wang HH, Hung CP, Hsu PJ, Chang CC, Liao CY, Sytwu HK, Yen ML. Excess glucose alone depress young mesenchymal stromal/stem cell osteogenesis and mitochondria activity within hours/days via NAD +/SIRT1 axis. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:49. [PMID: 38735943 PMCID: PMC11089752 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of global overconsumption of simple sugars on bone health, which peaks in adolescence/early adulthood and correlates with osteoporosis (OP) and fracture risk decades, is unclear. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are the progenitors of osteoblasts/bone-forming cells, and known to decrease their osteogenic differentiation capacity with age. Alarmingly, while there is correlative evidence that adolescents consuming greatest amounts of simple sugars have the lowest bone mass, there is no mechanistic understanding on the causality of this correlation. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses for energetics pathways involved during MSC differentiation using human cell information was performed. In vitro dissection of normal versus high glucose (HG) conditions on osteo-/adipo-lineage commitment and mitochondrial function was assessed using multi-sources of non-senescent human and murine MSCs; for in vivo validation, young mice was fed normal or HG-added water with subsequent analyses of bone marrow CD45- MSCs. RESULTS Bioinformatics analyses revealed mitochondrial and glucose-related metabolic pathways as integral to MSC osteo-/adipo-lineage commitment. Functionally, in vitro HG alone without differentiation induction decreased both MSC mitochondrial activity and osteogenesis while enhancing adipogenesis by 8 h' time due to depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a vital mitochondrial co-enzyme and co-factor to Sirtuin (SIRT) 1, a longevity gene also involved in osteogenesis. In vivo, HG intake in young mice depleted MSC NAD+, with oral NAD+ precursor supplementation rapidly reversing both mitochondrial decline and osteo-/adipo-commitment in a SIRT1-dependent fashion within 1 ~ 5 days. CONCLUSIONS We found a surprisingly rapid impact of excessive glucose, a single dietary factor, on MSC SIRT1 function and osteogenesis in youthful settings, and the crucial role of NAD+-a single molecule-on both MSC mitochondrial function and lineage commitment. These findings have strong implications on future global OP and disability risks in light of current worldwide overconsumption of simple sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Linju Yen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Tzu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital & College of Medicine, NTU, No.1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11042, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No.250, Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11042, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Huang Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Pao Hung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital & College of Medicine, NTU, No.1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Hsu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), No.161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Liao
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases & Vaccinology, NHRI, No.35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, NDMC, No.161, Section 6, Minquan East Road, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Men-Luh Yen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National Taiwan University (NTU) Hospital & College of Medicine, NTU, No.1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
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Ratanasereeprasert N, Hsu LF, Wang SK, Chen YJ, Chang JH, Yao CCJ. Molecular signaling and mechanisms of low-level laser-induced gene expression in cells involved in orthodontic tooth movement. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:442-451. [PMID: 37805307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to observe molecular signaling, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), to evaluate the alteration of gene expression by low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and the correlation between its mechanisms and the NF-kB pathway in cells involved in orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS Osteoblast-like cells (MG63), immortalized periodontal ligament cells (iPDL), and M1 macrophage-like cells were irradiated by 980-nm LLLT with energy densities of 1 and 10 J/cm2 ΔΨm and intracellular ROS were monitored using fluorescent probes. The changes of mRNA expression were assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NF-kB inhibitor, ROS scavenger, and ΔΨm suppressor were used to analyze signals associated with the regulation of gene expression. Finally, Western blot analysis was performed to confirm NF-kB signaling after LLLT. RESULTS We found the increases of ΔΨm and ROS in all three cell types after LLLT, but no significant difference was observed between 1 and 10 J/cm2 LLLT. Regarding gene expression, some target genes were upregulated in MG63 6 h, 12 h, and 1 day after LLLT and in iPDL cells 12 h and 1 day after LLLT. However, no changes occurred in M1 cells. The inhibitor that significantly reduced most changes in gene expression was NF-kB inhibitor. Western blot analysis showed the increase in p-IkBα level after LLLT in iPDL and MG63, but not in M1. CONCLUSION The 980-nm LLLT increased ΔΨm and ROS production in all three cell types. However, changes in gene regulation were found only in MG63 and iPDL cells, which related to the NF-kB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li-Fang Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kai Wang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jane Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Heng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chen Jane Yao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental Department, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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He Y, Chen Y. The Potential of Exosomes for Osteoporosis Treatment: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:979-989. [PMID: 38562519 PMCID: PMC10984200 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s437596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
As a continuous process comprising bone resorption and formation, bone remodeling, plays an essential role in maintaining the balance of bone metabolism. One type of metabolic osteopathy is osteoporosis, which is defined by low bone mass and deteriorating bone microstructure. Osteoporosis patients are more likely to experience frequent osteoporotic fractures, which makes osteoporosis prevention and treatment crucial. A growing body of research has revealed that exosomes, which are homogenous vesicles released by most cell types, play a major role in mediating a number of pathophysiological processes, including osteoporosis. Exosomes may act as a mediator in cell-to-cell communication and offer a fresh perspective on information sharing. This review discusses the characteristics of exosomes and outlines the exosomes' underlying mechanism that contributes to the onset of osteoporosis. Recent years have seen a rise in interest in the role of exosomes in osteoporosis, which has given rise to innovative therapeutic approaches for the disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxi He
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
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Jin J, Huang R, Chang Y, Yi X. Roles and mechanisms of optineurin in bone metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116258. [PMID: 38350370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Optineurin (OPTN) is a widely expressed multifunctional articulatory protein that participates in cellular or mitochondrial autophagy, vesicular transport, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via interactions with various proteins. Skeletal development is a complex biological process that requires the participation of various osteoblasts, such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and osteogenic, osteoclastic, and chondrogenic cells. OPTN was recently found to be involved in the regulation of osteoblast activity, which affects bone metabolism. OPTN inhibits osteoclastogenesis via signaling pathways, including NF-κB, IFN-β, and NRF2. OPTN can promote the differentiation of BMSCs toward osteogenesis and inhibit lipogenic differentiation by delaying BMSC senescence and autophagy. These effects are closely related to the development of bone metabolism disorders, such as Paget's disease of bone, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis. Therefore, this review aims to explore the role and mechanism of OPTN in the regulation of bone metabolism and related bone metabolic diseases. Our findings will provide new targets and strategies for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Jin
- School of Sports and Human Sciences, Shenyang Sport University, No. 36 Jinqiansong East Road, Sujiatun District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110115, China
| | - Ruiqi Huang
- School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Yixing Chang
- Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Xuejie Yi
- Exercise and Health Research Center/Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, No. 36 Jinqiansong East Road, Sujiatun District, Shenyang , Liaoning 110115, China.
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10
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Liu Y, Xiong W, Li J, Feng H, Jing S, Liu Y, Zhou H, Li D, Fu D, Xu C, He Y, Ye Q. Application of dental pulp stem cells for bone regeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1339573. [PMID: 38487022 PMCID: PMC10938947 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1339573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects resulting from severe trauma, tumors, inflammation, and other factors are increasingly prevalent. Stem cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising alternative. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), sourced from dental pulp, have garnered significant attention owing to their ready accessibility and minimal collection-associated risks. Ongoing investigations into DPSCs have revealed their potential to undergo osteogenic differentiation and their capacity to secrete a diverse array of ontogenetic components, such as extracellular vesicles and cell lysates. This comprehensive review article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of DPSCs and their secretory components, emphasizing extraction techniques and utilization while elucidating the intricate mechanisms governing bone regeneration. Furthermore, we explore the merits and demerits of cell and cell-free therapeutic modalities, as well as discuss the potential prospects, opportunities, and inherent challenges associated with DPSC therapy and cell-free therapies in the context of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixian Feng
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuili Jing
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghao Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Duan Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Xu
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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11
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Fan H, Qiao Z, Li J, Shang G, Shang C, Chen S, Leng Z, Su H, Kou H, Liu H. Recent advances in senescence-associated secretory phenotype and osteoporosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25538. [PMID: 38375248 PMCID: PMC10875379 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The worldwide elderly population is on the rise, and aging is a major osteoporosis risk factor. Senescent cells accumulation can have a detrimental effect the body as we age. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), an essential cellular senescence hallmark, is an important mechanism connecting cellular senescence to osteoporosis. This review describes in detail the characteristics of SASPs and their regulatory agencies, and shed fresh light on how SASPs from different senescent cells contribute to osteoporosis development. Furthermore, we summarized various innovative therapy techniques that target SASPs to lower the burden of osteoporosis in the elderly and discussed the potential challenges of SASPs-based therapy for osteoporosis as a new clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jitian Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Guowei Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Chunfeng Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Songfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zikuan Leng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Huifang Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hongwei Kou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hongjian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Chen S, Lei J, Mou H, Zhang W, Jin L, Lu S, Yinwang E, Xue Y, Shao Z, Chen T, Wang F, Zhao S, Chai X, Wang Z, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Ye Z, Li B. Multiple influence of immune cells in the bone metastatic cancer microenvironment on tumors. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1335366. [PMID: 38464516 PMCID: PMC10920345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone is a common organ for solid tumor metastasis. Malignant bone tumor becomes insensitive to systemic therapy after colonization, followed by poor prognosis and high relapse rate. Immune and bone cells in situ constitute a unique immune microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in the context of bone metastasis. This review firstly focuses on lymphatic cells in bone metastatic cancer, including their function in tumor dissemination, invasion, growth and possible cytotoxicity-induced eradication. Subsequently, we examine myeloid cells, namely macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, and megakaryocytes, evaluating their interaction with cytotoxic T lymphocytes and contribution to bone metastasis. As important components of skeletal tissue, osteoclasts and osteoblasts derived from bone marrow stromal cells, engaging in 'vicious cycle' accelerate osteolytic bone metastasis. We also explain the concept tumor dormancy and investigate underlying role of immune microenvironment on it. Additionally, a thorough review of emerging treatments for bone metastatic malignancy in clinical research, especially immunotherapy, is presented, indicating current challenges and opportunities in research and development of bone metastasis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangchu Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haochen Mou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxiao Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Senxu Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Eloy Yinwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yucheng Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenxuan Shao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangqian Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenzhi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xupeng Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zengjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Nakamura A, Towheed T. Pathogenesis, assessment, and management of bone loss in axial spondyloarthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 64:152345. [PMID: 38103486 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2023.152345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) presents a complex scenario where both new bone formation in entheseal tissues and significant trabecular bone loss coexist, emphasizing the intricate nature of bone dynamics in this context. METHODS A search of the literature was conducted to compose a narrative review exploring the pathogenesis, possible assessment methods, and potential management options for axSpA. RESULTS While chronic systemic and local inflammation contribute to bone loss, the mechanisms behind axSpA-associated bone loss exhibit distinct characteristics influenced by factors like mechanical stress and the gut microbiome. These factors directly or indirectly stimulate osteoclast differentiation and activation through the RANK-RANKL axis, while simultaneously impeding osteoblast differentiation via negative regulation of bone anabolic pathways, including the Wnt signaling pathway. This disruption in the balance between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts contributes to overall bone loss in axSpA. Early evaluation at diagnosis is prudent for detecting bone changes. While traditional dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has limitations due to potential overestimation from spinal new bone formation, alternative methods like trabecular bone score (TBS), quantitative CT (QCT), and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) show promise. However, their integration into routine clinical practice remains limited. In addition to approved anti-inflammatory drugs, lifestyle adjustments like regular exercise play a key role in preserving bone health. Tailoring interventions based on individual risk profiles holds potential for mitigating bone loss progression. CONCLUSION Recognizing the pivotal role of bone loss in axSpA underscores the importance of integrating regular assessments and effective management strategies into clinical practice. Given the multifaceted contributors to bone loss in axSpA, a multidisciplinary approach is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Nakamura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Translational Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Ontario, Canada; Kingston Health Science Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Tanveer Towheed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Translational Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Ontario, Canada; Kingston Health Science Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Liu Z, Cai M, Ke H, Deng H, Ye W, Wang T, Chen Q, Cen S. Fibroblast Insights into the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:6301-6317. [PMID: 38149115 PMCID: PMC10750494 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s439604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Review Emerging evidence has shown that ankylosing spondylitis fibroblasts (ASFs) act as crucial participants in inflammation and abnormal ossification in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This review examines the investigations into ASFs and their pathological behavior, which contributes to inflammatory microenvironments and abnormal bone formation. The review spans the period from 2000 to 2023, with a primary focus on the most recent decade. Additionally, the review provides an in-depth discussion on studies on ASF ossification at the cellular level. Recent Findings ASFs organize immune functions by recruiting immune cells and influencing their differentiation and activation, thus mediate the inflammatory response in the early phase of disease. ASFs promote joint destruction at sites of cartilage and actively promote abnormal ossification by recruiting osteoblasts, differentiation into myofibroblasts or ossification directly. Many signaling pathways and cytokines such as Wnt signaling and BMP/TGF-β signaling are involved in ASF ossification. Summary ASFs play a key role in AS inflammation and osteogenesis. Further studies are required to elucidate molecular mechanisms behind that and provide new targets and directions for AS diagnosis and treatment from a new perspective of fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxi Cai
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoteng Ke
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huazong Deng
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijia Ye
- The Second Clinical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qifan Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuizhong Cen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
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Du H, Wang H, Luo Y, Jiao Y, Wu J, Dong S, Du D. An integrated analysis of bulk and single-cell sequencing data reveals that EMP1 +/COL3A1 + fibroblasts contribute to the bone metastasis process in breast, prostate, and renal cancers. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1313536. [PMID: 38187400 PMCID: PMC10770257 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1313536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone metastasis (BoM) occurs when cancer cells spread from their primary sites to a bone. Currently, the mechanism underlying this metastasis process remains unclear. Methods In this project, through an integrated analysis of bulk-sequencing and single-cell RNA transcriptomic data, we explored the BoM-related features in tumor microenvironments of different tumors. Results We first identified 34 up-regulated genes during the BoM process in breast cancer, and further explored their expression status among different components in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of BoM samples. Enriched EMP1+ fibroblasts were found in BoM samples, and a COL3A1-ADGRG1 communication between these fibroblasts and cancer cells was identified which might facilitate the BoM process. Moreover, a significant correlation between EMP1 and COL3A1 was identified in these fibroblasts, confirming the potential connection of these genes during the BoM process. Furthermore, the existence of these EMP1+/COL3A1+ fibroblasts was also verified in prostate cancer and renal cancer BoM samples, suggesting the importance of these fibroblasts from a pan-cancer perspective. Discussion This study is the first attempt to investigate the relationship between fibroblasts and BoM process across multi-tumor TMEs. Our findings contribute another perspective in the exploration of BoM mechanism while providing some potential targets for future treatments of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Du
- Department of Orthopedics and Joints, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Joints, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuwei Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Pediatric Research, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaowei Dong
- Department of Pediatric Research, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Du
- Department of Health Management, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Gong L, Si MS. SLIT3-mediated fibroblast signaling: a promising target for antifibrotic therapies. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H1400-H1411. [PMID: 37830982 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00216.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The SLIT family (SLIT1-3) of highly conserved glycoproteins was originally identified as ligands for the Roundabout (ROBO) family of single-pass transmembrane receptors, serving to provide repulsive axon guidance cues in the nervous system. Intriguingly, studies involving SLIT3 mutant mice suggest that SLIT3 might have crucial biological functions outside the neural context. Although these mutant mice display no noticeable neurological abnormalities, they present pronounced connective tissue defects, including congenital central diaphragmatic hernia, membranous ventricular septal defect, and osteopenia. We recently hypothesized that the phenotype observed in SLIT3-deficient mice may be tied to abnormalities in fibrillar collagen-rich connective tissue. Further research by our group indicates that both SLIT3 and its primary receptor, ROBO1, are expressed in fibrillar collagen-producing cells across various nonneural tissues. Global and constitutive SLIT3 deficiency not only reduces the synthesis and content of fibrillar collagen in various organs but also alleviates pressure overload-induced fibrosis in both the left and right ventricles. This review delves into the known phenotypes of SLIT3 mutants and the debated role of SLIT3 in vasculature and bone. Present evidence hints at SLIT3 acting as an autocrine regulator of fibrillar collagen synthesis, suggesting it as a potential antifibrotic treatment. However, the precise pathway and mechanisms through which SLIT3 regulates fibrillar collagen synthesis remain uncertain, presenting an intriguing avenue for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghui Gong
- The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Sing Si
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States
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Tian B, Bai J, Sheng L, Chen H, Chang W, Zhang Y, Yao C, Zhou C, Wang X, Shan H, Dong Q, Wang C, Zhou X. P7C3 Ameliorates Bone Loss by Inhibiting Osteoclast Differentiation and Promoting Osteogenesis. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10811. [PMID: 38130773 PMCID: PMC10731119 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis, the equilibrium between bone resorption and formation, is essential for maintaining healthy bone tissue in adult humans. Disruptions of this process can lead to pathological conditions such as osteoporosis. Dual-targeted agents, capable of inhibiting excessive bone resorption and stimulating bone formation, are being explored as a promising strategy for developing new treatments to address osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of P7C3 on bone remodeling and its potential therapeutic role in osteoporosis treatment in mice. Specifically, P7C3 can remarkably suppress receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow macrophages via the Akt-NF-κB-NFATc1 signaling pathway. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis revealed that P7C3 promoted osteoblast differentiation and function through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby enhancing bone formation. Furthermore, μCT analysis and histological examination of bone tissues from P7C3-treated mice showed attenuation of both Ti-induced bone erosion and ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss. These findings suggest that P7C3 may have a novel function in bone remodeling and may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of osteoporosis. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tian
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & SoftMaterials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jinyu Bai
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wenju Chang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yue Zhang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & SoftMaterials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Chenlu Yao
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & SoftMaterials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Chenmeng Zhou
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & SoftMaterials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & SoftMaterials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Huajian Shan
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qirong Dong
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & SoftMaterials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Tang H, Li J, Li JK, He SH, Xiang G, Rong R, Liang ZT, Zhang HQ. BMP6 participates in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis by regulating osteopenia. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2586-2599. [PMID: 37795636 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex disease characterized by three-dimensional structural deformities of the spine. Its pathogenesis is associated with osteopenia. Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play an important role in bone metabolism. We detected 1919 differentially expressed mRNAs and 744 differentially expressed lncRNAs in BMSCs from seven patients with AIS and five patients without AIS via high-throughput sequencing. Multiple analyses identified bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP6) as a hub gene that regulates the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in AIS. BMP6 expression was found to be decreased in AIS and its knockdown in human BMSCs significantly altered the degree of osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, CAP1-217 has been shown to be a potential upstream regulatory molecule of BMP6. We showed that CAP1-217 knockdown downregulated the expression of BMP6 and the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Simultaneously, knockout of BMP6 in zebrafish embryos significantly increased the deformity rate. The findings of this study suggest that BMP6 is a key gene that regulates the abnormal osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in AIS via the CAP1-217/BMP6/RUNX2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ke Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Han He
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xiang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Rong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Tao Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Qi Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Hwang YJ, Hwang HJ, Go H, Park N, Hwang KA. Sword Bean ( Canavalia gladiata) Pods Induce Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Osteoblast Cells by Activating the BMP2/SMAD/RUNX2 Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:4372. [PMID: 37892447 PMCID: PMC10610144 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sword bean (SB) contains various phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. Although the evaluation of its potential functions, including antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, liver protection, and antiangiogenic activities, has been widely reported, research on their use in osteoporosis prevention is insufficient. Furthermore, while various studies are conducted on SB, research on sword bean pods (SBP) is not yet active, and little is known about it. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of promoting osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells using SB and SBP extracts and their mechanisms. We show that SBP extracts increase osteoblast proliferation, mineralization-activated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and collagen synthesis activities. Additionally, treatment with SBP extract increased the expression of markers related to osteoblast differentiation, such as ALP, SPARC, RUNX2, COL-I, BMP2, OCN, and OPN. It was confirmed that SBP induces differentiation by activating the BMP2/SMAD/RUNX2 pathway. We also show that SBP is more effective than SB, and SBP may be useful in assimilating bone minerals and preventing osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
| | - Hye-Jeong Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong City 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseo Go
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
| | - NaYeong Park
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.H.); (H.-J.H.); (H.G.)
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20
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Abstract
Together, loss- and gain-of-function experiments have identified the bone-derived secreted molecule osteocalcin as a hormone with a broad reach in rodents and primates. Following its binding to one of three receptors, osteocalcin exerts a profound influence on various aspects of energy metabolism as well as steroidogenesis, neurotransmitter biosynthesis and thereby male fertility, electrolyte homeostasis, cognition, the acute stress response, and exercise capacity. Although this review focuses mostly on the regulation of energy metabolism by osteocalcin, it also touches on its other functions. Lastly, it proposes what could be a common theme between the functions of osteocalcin and between these functions and the structural functions of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Karsenty
- Departments of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA;
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21
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Maltha JC, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Mechanobiology of orthodontic tooth movement: An update. J World Fed Orthod 2023; 12:156-160. [PMID: 37349154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the changes at the cellular and tissue level occurring during orthodontic force application. For the understanding of this process, knowledge of the mechanobiology of the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone are essential. The periodontal ligament and alveolar bone make up a functional unit that undergoes robust changes during orthodontic tooth movement. Complex molecular signaling is responsible for converting mechanical stresses into biochemical events with a net result of bone apposition and/or bone resorption. Despite an improved understanding of mechanical and biochemical signaling mechanisms, it is largely unknown how mechanical stresses regulate the differentiation of stem/progenitor cells into osteoblast and osteoclast lineages. To advance orthodontics, it is crucial to gain a better understanding of osteoblast differentiation from mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells and osteoclastogenesis from the hematopoietic/monocyte lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap C Maltha
- Department of Dentistry - Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine/Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Campus Salemba, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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22
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Klarin D, Devineni P, Sendamarai AK, Angueira AR, Graham SE, Shen YH, Levin MG, Pirruccello JP, Surakka I, Karnam PR, Roychowdhury T, Li Y, Wang M, Aragam KG, Paruchuri K, Zuber V, Shakt GE, Tsao NL, Judy RL, Vy HMT, Verma SS, Rader DJ, Do R, Bavaria JE, Nadkarni GN, Ritchie MD, Burgess S, Guo DC, Ellinor PT, LeMaire SA, Milewicz DM, Willer CJ, Natarajan P, Tsao PS, Pyarajan S, Damrauer SM. Genome-wide association study of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection in the Million Veteran Program. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1106-1115. [PMID: 37308786 PMCID: PMC10335930 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding of the genetic determinants of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAAD) has largely been informed through studies of rare, Mendelian forms of disease. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of TAAD, testing ~25 million DNA sequence variants in 8,626 participants with and 453,043 participants without TAAD in the Million Veteran Program, with replication in an independent sample of 4,459 individuals with and 512,463 without TAAD from six cohorts. We identified 21 TAAD risk loci, 17 of which have not been previously reported. We leverage multiple downstream analytic methods to identify causal TAAD risk genes and cell types and provide human genetic evidence that TAAD is a non-atherosclerotic aortic disorder distinct from other forms of vascular disease. Our results demonstrate that the genetic architecture of TAAD mirrors that of other complex traits and that it is not solely inherited through protein-altering variants of large effect size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Klarin
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Poornima Devineni
- Center for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anoop K Sendamarai
- Center for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony R Angueira
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ying H Shen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael G Levin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James P Pirruccello
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Purushotham R Karnam
- Center for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tanmoy Roychowdhury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yanming Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Minxian Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Krishna G Aragam
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kaavya Paruchuri
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Verena Zuber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gabrielle E Shakt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Noah L Tsao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renae L Judy
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ha My T Vy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shefali S Verma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ron Do
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph E Bavaria
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dong-Chuan Guo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott A LeMaire
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Veterans Affairs (VA) Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Saiju Pyarajan
- Center for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott M Damrauer
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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23
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Feng M, Liu L, Wang J, Zhang J, Qu Z, Wang Y, He B. The Molecular Mechanisms Study of Engeletin Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis and Inhibits Ovariectomized Murine Model Bone Loss. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2255-2270. [PMID: 37250105 PMCID: PMC10225148 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s401519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoclastogenesis, the process of osteoclast differentiation, plays a critical role in bone homeostasis. Overexpression of osteoclastogenesis can lead to pathological conditions, such as osteoporosis and osteolysis. This study aims to investigate the role of Engelitin in the process of RAW264.7 cell differentiation into osteoclasts induced by RANKL, as well as in a mouse model of bone loss following ovariectomy. Methods We used RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells as an in vitro osteoclast differentiation model. The effects of Eng on morphological changes during osteoclast differentiation were evaluated using TRAP and F-actin staining. The effects of Eng on the molecular level of osteoclast differentiation were evaluated using Western blot and q-PCR. The level of reactive oxygen species was evaluated using the DCFH-DA staining method. We then used ovariectomized mice as a bone loss animal model. The effects of Eng on changes in bone loss in vivo were evaluated using micro-CT and histological analysis staining. Results In the in vitro experiments, Eng exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of osteoclast formation and F-actin formation. At the molecular level, Eng dose-dependently suppressed the expression of specific RNAs (NFATc1, c-Fos, TRAP, Cathepsin K, MMP-9) involved in osteoclast differentiation, and inhibited the phosphorylation of proteins such as IκBα, P65, ERK, JNK, and P38. Additionally, Eng dose-dependently suppressed ROS levels and promoted the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1. In the in vivo experiments, Eng improved bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Conclusion Our study found that Eng inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through multiple signaling pathways, including MAPKs, NF-κB, and ROS aggregation. Furthermore, Eng improved bone loss in ovariectomized mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Feng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zechao Qu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Emergency, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Graber M, Hirsch J, Mair S, Naschberger A, Pölzl L, Nägele F, Kirchmair E, Degenhart G, Demetz E, Hilbe R, Chen HY, Engert JC, Böhm A, Franz N, Lobenwein D, Lener D, Fuchs C, Weihs A, Töchterle S, Vogel GF, Schweiger V, Eder J, Pietschmann P, Seifert M, Kronenberg F, Coassin S, Blumer M, Hackl H, Meyer D, Feuchtner G, Kirchmair R, Troppmair J, Krane M, Weiss G, Tsimikas S, Thanassoulis G, Grimm M, Rupp B, Huber LA, Zhang SY, Casanova JL, Tancevski I, Holfeld J. Toll-Like Receptor 3 Mediates Aortic Stenosis Through a Conserved Mechanism of Calcification. Circulation 2023; 147:1518-1533. [PMID: 37013819 PMCID: PMC10192061 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.063481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is characterized by a phenotypic switch of valvular interstitial cells to bone-forming cells. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition receptors at the interface between innate immunity and tissue repair. Type I interferons (IFNs) are not only crucial for an adequate antiviral response but also implicated in bone formation. We hypothesized that the accumulation of endogenous TLR3 ligands in the valvular leaflets may promote the generation of osteoblast-like cells through enhanced type I IFN signaling. METHODS Human valvular interstitial cells isolated from aortic valves were challenged with mechanical strain or synthetic TLR3 agonists and analyzed for bone formation, gene expression profiles, and IFN signaling pathways. Different inhibitors were used to delineate the engaged signaling pathways. Moreover, we screened a variety of potential lipids and proteoglycans known to accumulate in CAVD lesions as potential TLR3 ligands. Ligand-receptor interactions were characterized by in silico modeling and verified through immunoprecipitation experiments. Biglycan (Bgn), Tlr3, and IFN-α/β receptor alpha chain (Ifnar1)-deficient mice and a specific zebrafish model were used to study the implication of the biglycan (BGN)-TLR3-IFN axis in both CAVD and bone formation in vivo. Two large-scale cohorts (GERA [Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging], n=55 192 with 3469 aortic stenosis cases; UK Biobank, n=257 231 with 2213 aortic stenosis cases) were examined for genetic variation at genes implicated in BGN-TLR3-IFN signaling associating with CAVD in humans. RESULTS Here, we identify TLR3 as a central molecular regulator of calcification in valvular interstitial cells and unravel BGN as a new endogenous agonist of TLR3. Posttranslational BGN maturation by xylosyltransferase 1 (XYLT1) is required for TLR3 activation. Moreover, BGN induces the transdifferentiation of valvular interstitial cells into bone-forming osteoblasts through the TLR3-dependent induction of type I IFNs. It is intriguing that Bgn-/-, Tlr3-/-, and Ifnar1-/- mice are protected against CAVD and display impaired bone formation. Meta-analysis of 2 large-scale cohorts with >300 000 individuals reveals that genetic variation at loci relevant to the XYLT1-BGN-TLR3-interferon-α/β receptor alpha chain (IFNAR) 1 pathway is associated with CAVD in humans. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies the BGN-TLR3-IFNAR1 axis as an evolutionarily conserved pathway governing calcification of the aortic valve and reveals a potential therapeutic target to prevent CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Graber
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jakob Hirsch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sophia Mair
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Naschberger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leo Pölzl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Nägele
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elke Kirchmair
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerald Degenhart
- Department of Radiology, Core Facility for Micro-CT, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Richard Hilbe
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hao-Yu Chen
- Preventive and Genomic Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James C. Engert
- Preventive and Genomic Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna Böhm
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadja Franz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Lobenwein
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Lener
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christiane Fuchs
- Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Weihs
- Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Töchterle
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg F. Vogel
- Department of Pediatrics/Institute of Cell biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Victor Schweiger
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jonas Eder
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Seifert
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Coassin
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Blumer
- Institute of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dirk Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gudrun Feuchtner
- Department of Radiology, Core Facility for Micro-CT, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Kirchmair
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jakob Troppmair
- Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Krane
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Günther Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - George Thanassoulis
- Preventive and Genomic Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Rupp
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas A. Huber
- Institute of Cell Biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute, ADSI, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Holfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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25
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Mehdi SH, Gentry AC, Lee JY, Chung CP, Yoon D. The Synthetic Collagen-Binding Peptide NIPEP-OSS Delays Mouse Myeloma Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2473. [PMID: 37173940 PMCID: PMC10177053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy. It is a clonal B-cell disorder characterized by the proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, the presence of monoclonal serum immunoglobulin, and osteolytic lesions. An increasing amount of evidence shows that the interactions of MM cells and the bone microenvironment play a significant role, suggesting that these interactions may be good targets for therapy. The osteopontin-derived collagen-binding motif-bearing peptide NIPEP-OSS stimulates biomineralization and enhances bone remodeling dynamics. Due to its unique targeted osteogenic activity with a broad safety margin, we evaluated the potential of NIPEP-OSS for anti-myeloma activity using MM bone disease (MMBD) animal models. In a 5TGM1-engrafted NSG model, the survival rates of the control and treated groups were significantly different (p = 0.0014), with median survival times of 45 and 57 days, respectively. The bioluminescence analyses showed that myeloma slowly developed in the treated mice compared to the control mice in both models. NIPEP-OSS enhanced bone formation by increasing biomineralization in the bone. We also tested NIPEP-OSS in a well-established 5TGM1-engrafted C57BL/KaLwRij model. Similar to the previous model, the median survival times of the control and treated groups were significantly different (p = 0.0057), with 46 and 63 days, respectively. In comparison with the control, an increase in p1NP was found in the treated mice. We concluded that NIPEP-OSS delays mouse myeloma progression via bone formation in MMBD mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Hassan Mehdi
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Austin C. Gentry
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jue-Yeon Lee
- Research Institute, NIBEC Co., Ltd., 174 Yulgok-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03170, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Pyoung Chung
- Research Institute, NIBEC Co., Ltd., 174 Yulgok-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03170, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Yoon
- Myeloma Center, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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26
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Mekić S, Pardo LM, Gunn DA, Jacobs LC, Hamer MA, Ikram MA, Vinke EJ, Vernooij MW, Haarman AEG, Thee EF, Vergroesen JE, Klaver CCW, Croll PH, Goedegebure A, Trajanoska K, Rivadeneira F, van Meurs JBJ, Arshi B, Kavousi M, de Roos EW, Brusselle GGO, Kayser M, Nijsten T. Younger facial looks are associate with a lower likelihood of several age-related morbidities in the middle-aged to elderly. Br J Dermatol 2023; 188:390-395. [PMID: 36763776 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Looking older for one's chronological age is associated with a higher mortality rate. Yet it remains unclear how perceived facial age relates to morbidity and the degree to which facial ageing reflects systemic ageing of the human body. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between ΔPA and age-related morbidities of different organ systems, where ΔPA represents the difference between perceived age (PA) and chronological age. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis on data from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands. High-resolution facial photographs of 2679 men and women aged 51.5-87.8 years of European descent were used to assess PA. PA was estimated and scored in 5-year categories using these photographs by a panel of men and women who were blinded for chronological age and medical history. A linear mixed model was used to generate the mean PAs. The difference between the mean PA and chronological age was calculated (ΔPA), where a higher (positive) ΔPA means that the person looks younger for their age and a lower (negative) ΔPA that the person looks older. ΔPA was tested as a continuous variable for association with ageing-related morbidities including cardiovascular, pulmonary, ophthalmological, neurocognitive, renal, skeletal and auditory morbidities in separate regression analyses, adjusted for age and sex (model 1) and additionally for body mass index, smoking and sun exposure (model 2). RESULTS We observed 5-year higher ΔPA (i.e. looking younger by 5 years for one's age) to be associated with less osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR) 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62-0.93], less chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77-0.95), less age-related hearing loss (model 2; B = -0.76, 95% CI -1.35 to -0.17) and fewer cataracts (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73-0.97), but with better global cognitive functioning (g-factor; model 2; B = 0.07, 95% CI 0.04-0.10). CONCLUSIONS PA is associated with multiple morbidities and better cognitive function, suggesting that systemic ageing and cognitive ageing are, to an extent, externally visible in the human face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Mekić
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luba M Pardo
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David A Gunn
- Unilever Research and Development, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Leonie C Jacobs
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Merel A Hamer
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eline J Vinke
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annet E G Haarman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric F Thee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joelle E Vergroesen
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pauline H Croll
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andre Goedegebure
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Banafsheh Arshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emmely W de Roos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Guy G O Brusselle
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manfred Kayser
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Greco T, Mascio A, Comisi C, Polichetti C, Caravelli S, Mosca M, Mondanelli N, Troiano E, Maccauro G, Perisano C. RANKL-RANK-OPG Pathway in Charcot Diabetic Foot: Pathophysiology and Clinical-Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033014. [PMID: 36769345 PMCID: PMC9917950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Charcot Foot (CF), part of a broader condition known as Charcot Neuro-Osteoarthropathy (CNO), is characterized by neuropathic arthropathy with a progressive alteration of the foot. CNO is one of the most devastating complications in patients with diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy but can also be caused by neurological or infectious diseases. The pathogenesis is multifactorial; many studies have demonstrated the central role of inflammation and the Receptor Activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-Receptor Activator of NF-κB (RANK)-Osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathway in the acute phase of the disease, resulting in the serum overexpression of RANKL. This overexpression and activation of this signal lead to increased osteoclast activity and osteolysis, which is a prelude to bone destruction. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze this signaling pathway in bone remodeling, and in CF in particular, to highlight its clinical aspects and possible therapeutic implications of targeting drugs at different levels of the pathway. Drugs that act at different levels in this pathway are anti-RANKL monoclonal antibodies (Denosumab), bisphosphonates (BP), and calcitonin. The literature review showed encouraging data on treatment with Denosumab, although in a few studies and in small sample sizes. In contrast, BPs have been re-evaluated in recent years in relation to the high possibility of side effects, while calcitonin has shown little efficacy on CNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Greco
- Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Orthopedics Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3807-582-118
| | - Antonio Mascio
- Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Orthopedics Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Comisi
- Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Orthopedics Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Polichetti
- Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Orthopedics Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Caravelli
- U.O.C. II Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mosca
- U.O.C. II Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Mondanelli
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Troiano
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulio Maccauro
- Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Orthopedics Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Perisano
- Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Ageing, Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Orthopedics Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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28
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Gholami Farashah MS, Javadi M, Mohammadi A, Soleimani Rad J, Shakouri SK, Roshangar L. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell's exosomes as key nanoparticles in osteogenesis and bone regeneration: specific capacity based on cell type. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:12203-12218. [PMID: 36224447 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07807-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Today, communities and their health systems are facing with several challenges associated with the population ageing. Growing number of bone disorders is one of the most serious consequences of aging. According to the reports bone disorders won't just affect the elderly population. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that could be derived from a variety of tissues including bone marrow, Wharton's Jelly, adipose tissue, and others. MSCs have been utilized in different researches in the field of regenerative medicine because of their immunosuppression and anti-inflammatory mechanisms (like: inhibiting the activity of antigen presenting cells, and suppressing the activity of T lymphocyte cells, macrophages, and so on.), migration to injured areas, and participation in healing processes. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are a type of these cells which can be commonly used in bone research with the promising results. These cells function by releasing a large number of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes are the most major EVs products produced by BMMSCs. They have the same contents and properties as their parent cells; however, these structures don't have the defects of cell therapy. Proteins (annexins, tetraspannins, etc.), lipids (cholesterol, phosphoglycerides, etc.), nucleic acids (micro-RNAs, and etc.) and other substances are found in exosomes. Exosomes affect target cells, causing them to change their function. The features of BMMSC exosomes' mechanism in osteogenesis and bone regeneration (like: effects on other MSCs, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and angiogenesis) and also the effects of their micro-RNAs on osteogenesis are the subject of the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Gholami Farashah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Javadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Mohammadi
- Stem cell and regenerative medicine research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Shakouri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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29
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Bernhard JC, Marolt Presen D, Li M, Monforte X, Ferguson J, Leinfellner G, Heimel P, Betti SL, Shu S, Teuschl-Woller AH, Tangl S, Redl H, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Effects of Endochondral and Intramembranous Ossification Pathways on Bone Tissue Formation and Vascularization in Human Tissue-Engineered Grafts. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193070. [PMID: 36231032 PMCID: PMC9564153 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts can be engineered by differentiating human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) via the endochondral and intramembranous ossification pathways. We evaluated the effects of each pathway on the properties of engineered bone grafts and their capacity to drive bone regeneration. Bone-marrow-derived MSCs were differentiated on silk scaffolds into either hypertrophic chondrocytes (hyper) or osteoblasts (osteo) over 5 weeks of in vitro cultivation, and were implanted subcutaneously for 12 weeks. The pathways' constructs were evaluated over time with respect to gene expression, composition, histomorphology, microstructure, vascularization and biomechanics. Hypertrophic chondrocytes expressed higher levels of osteogenic genes and deposited significantly more bone mineral and proteins than the osteoblasts. Before implantation, the mineral in the hyper group was less mature than that in the osteo group. Following 12 weeks of implantation, the hyper group had increased mineral density but a similar overall mineral composition compared with the osteo group. The hyper group also displayed significantly more blood vessel infiltration than the osteo group. Both groups contained M2 macrophages, indicating bone regeneration. These data suggest that, similar to the body's repair processes, endochondral pathway might be more advantageous when regenerating large defects, whereas intramembranous ossification could be utilized to guide the tissue formation pattern with a scaffold architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C. Bernhard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Darja Marolt Presen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xavier Monforte
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - James Ferguson
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Leinfellner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Heimel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanna L. Betti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sharon Shu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andreas H. Teuschl-Woller
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Tangl
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (H.R.); (G.V.-N.); Tel.: +43-(0)-59393-41961 (H.R.); +1-212-305-2304 (G.V.-N.); Fax: +43-(0)-59393-41982 (H.R.); +1-212-305-4692 (G.V.-N.)
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Correspondence: (H.R.); (G.V.-N.); Tel.: +43-(0)-59393-41961 (H.R.); +1-212-305-2304 (G.V.-N.); Fax: +43-(0)-59393-41982 (H.R.); +1-212-305-4692 (G.V.-N.)
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30
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Wang W, Lu J, Song Y, Zeng C, Wang Y, Yang C, Huang B, Dai Y, Yang J, Lai L, Wang L, Cai D, Bai X. Repair of bone defects in rhesus monkeys with α1,3-galactosyltransferase-knockout pig cancellous bone. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:990769. [PMID: 36172016 PMCID: PMC9510634 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.990769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Since xenografts offer a wide range of incomparable advantages, they can be a better option than allografts but only if the possibility of immunological rejection can be eliminated. In this study, we investigated the ability of α1,3-galactosyltransferase (α1,3-GT) gene knockout (GTKO) pig cancellous bone to promote the repair of a femoral condyle bone defect and its influence on heterologous immune rejection. Materials and methods: Cylindrical bone defects created in a rhesus monkey model were transplanted with GTKO bone, WT bone or left empty. For immunological evaluation, T lymphocyte subsets CD4+ and CD8+ in peripheral blood were assayed by flow cytometry, and the IL-2 and IFN-γ contents of peripheral blood serum were analyzed by ELISA at 2, 5, 7, 10, and 14 days post-surgery. Micro-CT scans and histological assessment were conducted at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. Results: Compared with WT-pig bone, the heterologous immunogenicity of GTKO-pig bone was reduced. The defect filled with fresh GTKO-pig bone was tightly integrated with the graft. Histological analysis showed that GTKO-pig cancellous bone showed better osseointegration and an appropriate rate of resorption. Osteoblast phenotype progression in the GTKO group was not affected, which revealed that GTKO-pig bone could not only fill and maintain the bone defect, but also promote new bone formation. Conclusion: GTKO-pig cancellous bone decreased the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells and cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) to inhibit xenotransplant rejection. Moreover, GTKO group increased more bone formation by micro-CT analysis and osteoblastic markers (Runx2, OSX and OCN). Together, GTKO-pig cancellous bone showed better bone repair than WT-pig cancellous bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiansen Lu
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chun Zeng
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongkui Wang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Wang
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Daozhang Cai, ; Xiaochun Bai,
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Daozhang Cai, ; Xiaochun Bai,
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31
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Wang Z, Zhao Z, Gao B, Zhang L. Exosome mediated biological functions within skeletal microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:953916. [PMID: 35935491 PMCID: PMC9355125 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.953916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membranous lipid vesicles fused with intracellular multicellular bodies that are released into the extracellular environment. They contain bioactive substances, including proteins, RNAs, lipids, and cytokine receptors. Exosomes in the skeletal microenvironment are derived from a variety of cells such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. Their biological function is key in paracrine or endocrine signaling. Exosomes play a role in bone remodeling by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Genetic engineering technology combined with exosome-based drug delivery can therapy bone metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarized the pathways of exosomes derived from different skeletal cells (i.e., BMSCs, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts) regulate the skeletal microenvironment through proteins, mRNAs, and non-coding RNAs. By exploring the role of exosomes in the skeletal microenvironment, we provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of bone-related metabolic diseases, which may lay the foundation to improve bone tumor microenvironments, alleviate drug resistance in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghan Zhao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Lingli Zhang,
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Lingli Zhang,
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32
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Ho ML, Hsu CJ, Wu CW, Chang LH, Chen JW, Chen CH, Huang KC, Chang JK, Wu SC, Shao PL. Enhancement of Osteoblast Function through Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071752. [PMID: 35885057 PMCID: PMC9312889 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cell that is investigated in bone tissue engineering (BTE). Osteoblasts are the main cells responsible for bone formation in vivo and directing ADSCs to form osteoblasts through osteogenesis is a research topic in BTE. In addition to the osteogenesis of ADSCs into osteoblasts, the crosstalk of ADSCs with osteoblasts through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) may also contribute to bone formation in ADSC-based BTE. We investigated the effect of ADSC-secreted EVs (ADSC-EVs) on osteoblast function. ADSC-EVs (size ≤ 1000 nm) were isolated from the culture supernatant of ADSCs through ultracentrifugation. The ADSC-EVs were observed to be spherical under a transmission electron microscope. The ADSC-EVs were positive for CD9, CD81, and Alix, but β-actin was not detected. ADSC-EV treatment did not change survival but did increase osteoblast proliferation and activity. The 48 most abundant known microRNAs (miRNAs) identified within the ADSC-EVs were selected and then subjected to gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The GO analysis revealed that these miRNAs are highly relevant to skeletal system morphogenesis and bone development. The KEGG analysis indicated that these miRNAs may regulate osteoblast function through autophagy or the mitogen-activated protein kinase or Ras-related protein 1 signaling pathway. These results suggest that ADSC-EVs enhance osteoblast function and can contribute to bone regeneration in ADSC-based BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Ho
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan; (M.-L.H.); (C.-W.W.); (L.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Jung Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan;
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Wu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan; (M.-L.H.); (C.-W.W.); (L.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Hua Chang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan; (M.-L.H.); (C.-W.W.); (L.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Wei Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan; (M.-L.H.); (C.-W.W.); (L.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan; (M.-L.H.); (C.-W.W.); (L.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kui-Chou Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 413505, Taiwan;
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ken Chang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan; (M.-L.H.); (C.-W.W.); (L.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Cheng Wu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan; (M.-L.H.); (C.-W.W.); (L.-H.C.); (J.-W.C.); (C.-H.C.); (J.-K.C.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80787, Taiwan
- Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.W.); (P.-L.S.); Tel.: +(886)-7-3121101 (ext. 2553) (S.-C.W.); +(886)-7-3121101 (ext. 20030) (P.-L.S.)
| | - Pei-Lin Shao
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.W.); (P.-L.S.); Tel.: +(886)-7-3121101 (ext. 2553) (S.-C.W.); +(886)-7-3121101 (ext. 20030) (P.-L.S.)
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Jiang J, Röper L, Alageel S, Dornseifer U, Schilling AF, Hadjipanayi E, Machens HG, Moog P. Hypoxia Preconditioned Serum (HPS) Promotes Osteoblast Proliferation, Migration and Matrix Deposition. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071631. [PMID: 35884936 PMCID: PMC9313157 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in discovering new methods of employing natural growth factor preparations to promote bone fracture healing is becoming increasingly popular in the field of regenerative medicine. In this study, we were able to demonstrate the osteogenic potential of hypoxia preconditioned serum (HPS) on human osteoblasts in vitro. Human osteoblasts were stimulated with two HPS concentrations (10% and 40%) and subsequently analyzed at time points of days 2 and 4. In comparison to controls, a time- and dose-dependent (up to 14.2× higher) proliferation of osteoblasts was observed after 4 days of HPS-40% stimulation with lower lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-levels detected than controls, indicating the absence of cytotoxic/stress effects of HPS on human osteoblasts. With regards to cell migration, it was found to be significantly faster with HPS-10% application after 72 h in comparison to controls. Further osteogenic response to HPS treatment was evaluated by employing culture supernatant analysis, which exhibited significant upregulation of OPG (Osteoprotegerin) with higher dosage (HPS-10% vs. HPS-40%) and longer duration (2 d vs. 4 d) of HPS stimulation. There was no detection of anti-osteogenic sRANKL (soluble Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand) after 4 days of HPS stimulation. In addition, ALP (alkaline phosphatase)-enzyme activity, was found to be upregulated, dose-dependently, after 4 days of HPS-40% application. When assessing ossification through Alizarin-Red staining, HPS dose-dependently achieved greater (up to 2.8× higher) extracellular deposition of calcium-phosphate with HPS-40% in comparison to controls. These findings indicate that HPS holds the potential to accelerate bone regeneration by osteogenic promotion of human osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany; (J.J.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (E.H.)
| | - Lynn Röper
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany; (J.J.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (E.H.)
| | - Sarah Alageel
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany; (J.J.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (E.H.)
| | - Ulf Dornseifer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Isar Klinikum, D-80331 Munich, Germany;
| | - Arndt F. Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Ektoras Hadjipanayi
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany; (J.J.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (E.H.)
| | - Hans-Günther Machens
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany; (J.J.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.-G.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Philipp Moog
- Experimental Plastic Surgery, Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany; (J.J.); (L.R.); (S.A.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.-G.M.); (P.M.)
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Ponicidin Treatment Improved the Cell Proliferation, Differentiation, and Calcium Mineralization on the Osteoblast-Like MG-63 Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:3860-3870. [PMID: 35556208 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03927-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a general bone-related ailment characterized by reduced bone density and quality, elevated bone fragility, and fractures. It was reported that both aged men and women has an increased risks of osteoporosis. The current research work focused to unveil the beneficial roles of ponicidin treatment in the proliferation and calcium deposition on the osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. The effect of 5 and 10 µg/ml of ponicidin on the cell proliferation was assessed. The viability of ponicidin-supplemented MG-63 cells was inspected by MTT test. The contents of osteocalcin, collagen, and ALP activity in the ponicidin administered cells were assessed by kits. The level of calcium mineralization was examined by ARS staining technique. The ponicidin treatment remarkably improved the proliferation of MG-63 cells. The ponicidin did not affect the MG-63 cells viability but promoted its viability 24- and 48-h treatment. The contents of osteocalcin, collagen, and ALP activity in the 5 and 10 µg/ml of ponicidin-supplemented MG-63 cells were found increased than the control cells. The ponicidin also increased the level of calcium deposition in MG-63 cells, which is assessed by ARS staining. In conclusion, it was clear that ponicidin improved the proliferation and calcium mineralization in a MG-63 cells. Therefore, it was clear that ponicidin has helpful roles on the new bone development as a hopeful therapeutic candidate to treat the bone-related disease like osteoporosis.
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TBP, PPIA, YWHAZ and EF1A1 Are the Most Stably Expressed Genes during Osteogenic Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084257. [PMID: 35457075 PMCID: PMC9025278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RT-qPCR is the gold standard and the most commonly used method for measuring gene expression. Selection of appropriate reference gene(s) for normalization is a crucial part of RT-qPCR experimental design, which allows accurate quantification and reliability of the results. Because there is no universal reference gene and even commonly used housekeeping genes’ expression can vary under certain conditions, careful selection of an appropriate internal control must be performed for each cell type or tissue and experimental design. The aim of this study was to identify the most stable reference genes during osteogenic differentiation of the human osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63, HOS, and SaOS-2 using the geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper statistical algorithms. Our results show that TBP, PPIA, YWHAZ, and EF1A1 are the most stably expressed genes, while ACTB, and 18S rRNA expressions are most variable. These data provide a basis for future RT-qPCR normalizations when studying gene expression during osteogenic differentiation, for example, in studies of osteoporosis and other bone diseases.
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An Evaluation of Different 3D Cultivation Models on Expression Profiles of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts with Compressive Strain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042029. [PMID: 35216145 PMCID: PMC8876762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of compressive strain during orthodontic treatment on gene expression profiles of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) have mostly been studied in 2D cell culture. However, cells behave differently in many aspects in 3D culture. Therefore, the effect of pressure application on PDLFs in different 3D structures was investigated. PDLFs were either conventionally seeded or embedded into different 3D structures (spheroids, Mebiol® gel, 3D scaffolds) and exposed to compressive force or incubated without pressure. For one 3D scaffold (POR), we also tested the effect of different compressive forces and application times. Expression of an angiogenic gene (VEGF), a gene involved in extracellular matrix synthesis (COL1A2), inflammatory genes (IL6, PTGS2), and genes involved in bone remodelling (OPG, RANKL) were investigated by RT-qPCR. Depending on the used 3D cell culture model, we detected different effects of compressive strain on expression profiles of PDLFs. COL1A2 was downregulated in all investigated 3D culture models. Angiogenetic and proinflammatory genes were regulated differentially between models. In 3D scaffolds, regulation of bone-remodelling genes upon compressive force was contrary to that observed in 3D gels. 3D cell culture models provide better approximations to in vivo physiology, compared with conventional 2D models. However, it is crucial which 3D structures are used, as these showed diverse effects on the expression profiles of PDLFs during mechanical strain.
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Su ZP, Tian L, Shang HT, Yang Y, Lu JB, Kang YJ, He LS, Zhao JL. Experimental Study on the Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1-Modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets to Promote Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis. Front Surg 2022; 8:786351. [PMID: 35223968 PMCID: PMC8865418 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.786351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThe present study aims to increase the concentration of genetically modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the distraction osteogenesis (DO) interstitial space and induce the conversion of BMSCs to osteoblasts to improve the osteogenic efficiency in DO and shorten the treatment period.MethodsBone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP-1) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene-modified cell sheets of BMSCs were constructed by tissue engineering. Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: group A (the blank control group), group B (the GFP group) with the injection of GFP gene-modified BMSC sheets into the DO gap, and group C (the BMP-1 group) with the injection of BMP-1 gene-modified BMSC sheets into the DO gap. Rabbits in all three groups were distracted for 5 days at a distraction rate of 2.0 mm/d, once/day. After distraction, the above-mentioned cell sheet suspension was injected into the distraction gap to observe osteogenesis, which was observed by gross specimen observation, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) scanning, and histomorphology.ResultsThe gross specimen observation showed that all animals had smooth and continuous bone cortex in the distraction region with relatively high hardness. The osteogenesis quality or hardness was ranked from the highest to the lowest, as Group C > Group B > Group A. Micro-CT and histomorphological observation revealed that group C had better maturation and bone volume of the new bone in the DO region at weeks 3 and 6 than groups B and A.ConclusionBMP-1 gene-modified BMSC sheets could effectively promote the formation of new bone during rapid DO in the mandible, compensating for the poor osteogenesis caused by rapid distraction and providing a new approach to shorten the DO treatment period in clinical practice.
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Baybutt RC, Standard JT, Dim D, Quinn T, Hamdan H, Lin D, Kunz K, Bomstein ZS, Estorge BJ, Herndon B, Zia H, Mansour A, Lankachandra M, Molteni A. Cod Liver Oil, but Not Retinoic Acid, Treatment Restores Bone Thickness in a Vitamin A-Deficient Rat. Nutrients 2022; 14:486. [PMID: 35276845 PMCID: PMC8838835 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A plays a prominent role for maintaining optimal bone status, but its impact upon the bone in response to vitamin A deficiency is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how replenishing vitamin A by either whole food cod liver oil (COD) or the active metabolite of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), altered bone thickness of vitamin A-deficient (VAD) rats. Weanling rats were administered a control diet (CTRL) or VAD diet for 9 weeks. This was followed by four weeks of treatment in which the VAD group was divided into the following 4 subgroups: (1) VAD (9 weeks)-VAD (4 weeks); (2) VAD-CTRL; (3) VAD-COD; and (4) VAD-RA. Compared to controls, VAD rats had thicker bones which showed marked dysplasia. VAD-rats treated with COD produced a thinner bone that was not significantly different from that of untreated rats. In contrast, RA did not significantly change the thicker bone, and also had significantly greater periosteal and endosteal osteoblast numbers compared to VAD-COD. Active osteoclasts were not detected in VAD rats, nor during the treatment period. These findings suggest that the abnormal bone thickness in VAD rats appears to be more effectively restored to bone thickness of untreated control rats when treated with COD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Baybutt
- Department of Applied Health Science, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL 60187, USA; (J.T.S.); (K.K.)
- Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (Z.S.B.); (B.J.E.)
| | - Joseph T. Standard
- Department of Applied Health Science, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL 60187, USA; (J.T.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Daniel Dim
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; (D.D.); (T.Q.); (H.H.); (B.H.); (H.Z.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Tim Quinn
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; (D.D.); (T.Q.); (H.H.); (B.H.); (H.Z.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Hana Hamdan
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; (D.D.); (T.Q.); (H.H.); (B.H.); (H.Z.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Dingbo Lin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Kyle Kunz
- Department of Applied Health Science, Wheaton College, Wheaton, IL 60187, USA; (J.T.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Zachary S. Bomstein
- Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (Z.S.B.); (B.J.E.)
| | - Benjamin J. Estorge
- Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA; (Z.S.B.); (B.J.E.)
| | - Betty Herndon
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; (D.D.); (T.Q.); (H.H.); (B.H.); (H.Z.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Hamid Zia
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; (D.D.); (T.Q.); (H.H.); (B.H.); (H.Z.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Ahmad Mansour
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; (D.D.); (T.Q.); (H.H.); (B.H.); (H.Z.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Manesha Lankachandra
- Englewood Orthopedic Associates, 410 South Van Brunt Street, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA;
| | - Agostino Molteni
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; (D.D.); (T.Q.); (H.H.); (B.H.); (H.Z.); (A.M.); (A.M.)
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MicroRNAs in Valvular Heart Diseases: Biological Regulators, Prognostic Markers and Therapeutical Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212132. [PMID: 34830016 PMCID: PMC8618095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs have recently attracted investigators’ interest as regulators of valvular diseases pathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutical targets. Evidence from in-vivo and in-vitro studies demonstrated stimulatory or inhibitory roles in mitral valve prolapse development, aortic leaflet fusion, and calcification pathways, specifically osteoblastic differentiation and transcription factors modulation. Tissue expression assessment and comparison between physiological and pathological phenotypes of different disease entities, including mitral valve prolapse and mitral chordae tendineae rupture, emerged as the best strategies to address miRNAs over or under-representation and thus, their impact on pathogeneses. In this review, we discuss the fundamental intra- and intercellular signals regulated by miRNAs leading to defects in mitral and aortic valves, congenital heart diseases, and the possible therapeutic strategies targeting them. These miRNAs inhibitors are comprised of antisense oligonucleotides and sponge vectors. The miRNA mimics, miRNA expression vectors, and small molecules are instead possible practical strategies to increase specific miRNA activity. Advantages and technical limitations of these new drugs, including instability and complex pharmacokinetics, are also presented. Novel delivery strategies, such as nanoparticles and liposomes, are described to improve knowledge on future personalized treatment directions.
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Wang JS, Kamath T, Mazur CM, Mirzamohammadi F, Rotter D, Hojo H, Castro CD, Tokavanich N, Patel R, Govea N, Enishi T, Wu Y, da Silva Martins J, Bruce M, Brooks DJ, Bouxsein ML, Tokarz D, Lin CP, Abdul A, Macosko EZ, Fiscaletti M, Munns CF, Ryder P, Kost-Alimova M, Byrne P, Cimini B, Fujiwara M, Kronenberg HM, Wein MN. Control of osteocyte dendrite formation by Sp7 and its target gene osteocrin. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6271. [PMID: 34725346 PMCID: PMC8560803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Some osteoblasts embed within bone matrix, change shape, and become dendrite-bearing osteocytes. The circuitry that drives dendrite formation during "osteocytogenesis" is poorly understood. Here we show that deletion of Sp7 in osteoblasts and osteocytes causes defects in osteocyte dendrites. Profiling of Sp7 target genes and binding sites reveals unexpected repurposing of this transcription factor to drive dendrite formation. Osteocrin is a Sp7 target gene that promotes osteocyte dendrite formation and rescues defects in Sp7-deficient mice. Single-cell RNA-sequencing demonstrates defects in osteocyte maturation in the absence of Sp7. Sp7-dependent osteocyte gene networks are associated with human skeletal diseases. Moreover, humans with a SP7R316C mutation show defective osteocyte morphology. Sp7-dependent genes that mark osteocytes are enriched in neurons, highlighting shared features between osteocytic and neuronal connectivity. These findings reveal a role for Sp7 and its target gene Osteocrin in osteocytogenesis, revealing that pathways that control osteocyte development influence human bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang S Wang
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tushar Kamath
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Courtney M Mazur
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fatemeh Mirzamohammadi
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Rotter
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hironori Hojo
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Christian D Castro
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicha Tokavanich
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rushi Patel
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas Govea
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tetsuya Enishi
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokushima Municipal Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yunshu Wu
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Michael Bruce
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J Brooks
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MaA, USA
| | - Mary L Bouxsein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MaA, USA
| | - Danielle Tokarz
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Charles P Lin
- Advanced Microscopy Program, Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abdul Abdul
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evan Z Macosko
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Fiscaletti
- Pediatric Department, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Craig F Munns
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Pearl Ryder
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Imaging Platform, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maria Kost-Alimova
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Patrick Byrne
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Beth Cimini
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Imaging Platform, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Makoto Fujiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Henry M Kronenberg
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc N Wein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Atkinson SP. A Previews of Selected Articles. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.3458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Baudequin T, Naudot M, Dupont S, Testelin S, Devauchelle B, Bedoui F, Marolleau JP, Legallais C. Donor variability alters differentiation and mechanical cohesion of tissue-engineered constructs with human endothelial/MSC co-culture. Int J Artif Organs 2021; 44:868-879. [PMID: 34643146 DOI: 10.1177/03913988211051758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To move towards clinical applications, tissue engineering (TE) should be validated with human primary cells and offer easy connection to the native vascularisation. Based on a sheet-like bone substitute developed previously, we investigated a mesenchymal stem cells/endothelial cells (MSCs/ECs) coculture to enhance pre-vascularisation. Using MSCs from six independent donors whose differentiation potential was assessed towards two lineages, we focused on donor variability and cell crosstalk regarding bone differentiation. Coculture was performed on calcium phosphate granules in a specific chamber during 1 month. MSCs were seeded first then ECs were added after 2 weeks, with respective monocultures as control groups. Cell viability and organisation (fluorescence, electronic microscopy), differentiation (ALP staining/activity, RT-qPCR) and mechanical cohesion were analysed. Adaptation of the protocol to coculture was validated (high cell viability and proliferation). Activity and differentiation showed strong trends towards synergistic effects between cell types. MSCs reached early mineralisation stage of maturation. The delayed addition of ECs allowed for their attachment on developed MSCs' matrix. The main impact of donor variability could be here the lack of cell proliferation potential with some donors, leading to low differentiation and mechanical cohesion and therefore absence of sheet-like shape successfully obtained with others. We suggest therefore adapting protocols to cell proliferation potentials from one batch of cells to the other in a patient-specific approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne Cedex
| | - Marie Naudot
- Normal and Pathological Lymphocytes and Cancer, EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Sébastien Dupont
- Normal and Pathological Lymphocytes and Cancer, EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,UMR 1148, Inserm-Paris7 - Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Testelin
- Service de Chirurgie maxillo-faciale, CHU Amiens Picardie Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Bernard Devauchelle
- Service de Chirurgie maxillo-faciale, CHU Amiens Picardie Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Fahmi Bedoui
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Roberval (Mechanics energy and electricity), Centre de recherche Royallieu, Compiègne Cedex
| | - Jean-Pierre Marolleau
- Normal and Pathological Lymphocytes and Cancer, EA4666, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne Cedex
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43
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Patient-specific effects of soluble factors from Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms on osteogenic differentiation of primary human osteoblasts. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17282. [PMID: 34446785 PMCID: PMC8390505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the frequency of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in orthopedics, it is crucial to understand the interaction between the soluble factors produced by prokaryotes and their effects on eukaryotes. Our knowledge concerning the effect of soluble biofilm factors (SBF) and their virulence potential on osteogenic differentiation is limited to few studies, particularly when there is no direct contact between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. SBF were produced by incubating biofilm from S. aureus and S. epidermidis in osteogenic media. Osteoblasts of seven donors were included in this study. Our results demonstrate that the detrimental effects of these pathogens do not require direct contact between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. SBF produced by S. aureus and S. epidermidis affect the metabolic activity of osteoblasts. However, the effect of SBF derived from S. aureus seems to be more pronounced compared to that of S. epidermidis. The influence of SBF of S. aureus and S. epidermidis on gene expression of COL1A1, ALPL, BGLAP, SPP1, RUNX2 is bacteria-, patient-, concentration-, and incubation time dependent. Mineralization was monitored by staining the calcium and phosphate deposition and revealed that the SBF of S. epidermidis markedly inhibits calcium deposition; however, S. aureus shows a less inhibitory effect. Therefore, these new findings support the hypotheses that soluble biofilm factors affect the osteogenic processes substantially, particularly when there is no direct interaction between bacteria and osteoblast.
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Larcher I, Scheiner S. Parameter reduction, sensitivity studies, and correlation analyses applied to a mechanobiologically regulated bone cell population model of the bone metabolism. Comput Biol Med 2021; 136:104717. [PMID: 34426166 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
When striving for reconstructing and predicting bone remodeling processes by means of mathematical models, cell population models have become a popular option. From a conceptual point of view, these models are able to take into account an arbitrary amount of regulatory mechanisms driving the development of bone cells and their activities. However, in most cases, the models include a large number of parameters; and most of those parameters cannot be measured, which certainly compromises the credibility of cell population models. Here, new insights are presented as to the potential improvement of this unsatisfactory situation. In particular, a previously published bone remodeling model was considered, and based on combination and merging of the original parameters, the total number of parameters could be reduced from 28 to 18, without impairing the model's versatility and significance. Furthermore, a comprehensive number of one- and two-variable sensitivity studies were performed, pointing out which parameters (alone and in combination with other parameters) influence the model predictions significantly - for that purpose, the mean squared relative error (MSRE) between simulations based on the original parameters and based on varied parameters was considered as failure measure. It has turned out that the model is significantly more sensitive to parameters which can be considered as phenomenological (such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis rates) than to parameters which are directly related to specific processes (such as dissociation rate constants, and maximum concentrations of the involved factors). Using common correlation measures (such as Pearson, Spearman, and partial ranked correlation coefficients), correlation studies revealed that the correlations between most parameters and the MSRE are weak, while a few parameters exhibited moderate correlations. In conclusion, the results shown in this paper provide valuable insights concerning the design of new experiments allowing for measurement of the parameters which are most influential in the context of bone remodeling simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Larcher
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures, (TU Wien) Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/202, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Scheiner
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures, (TU Wien) Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/202, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
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Violi A, Fortunato V, D'Amuri A, Zuliani G, Basili S, Passaro A, Corica B, Raparelli V. Rethinking of osteoporosis through a sex- and gender-informed approach in the COVID-19 era. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021; 73:754-769. [PMID: 34328298 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.21.04893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Standards and models of reference for osteoporosis (OP) have been developed for female individuals as they are more likely to be affected by the disease. Nonetheless, OP is also responsible for one-third of hip fractures in male individuals suggesting that a sexblinded approach to OP may lead to miss opportunities for equity in bone health. OPrelated fractures, especially hip fractures, are a matter of immediate concern as they are associated with limited mobility, chronic disability, loss of independence, and reduced quality of life in both sexes. When it comes to sociocultural gender, the effect of gender domains (i.e., identity, roles, relations, and institutionalized gender) on development and management of OP is largely overlooked despite risk factors or protective conditions are gendered. Clinical trials testing the efficacy and safety of anti-OP drugs as well as non-pharmacological interventions have been conducted mainly in female participants, limiting the generalizability of the findings. The present narrative review deals with the sex and gender-based challenges and drawbacks in OP knowledge and translation to clinical practice, also considering the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Violi
- University Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Fortunato
- University Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea D'Amuri
- University Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- University Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Basili
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- University Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bernadette Corica
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Raparelli
- University Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy - .,Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,⁴ University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Yan T, Xie Y, He H, Fan W, Huang F. Role of nitric oxide in orthodontic tooth movement (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:168. [PMID: 34278439 PMCID: PMC8285047 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an ubiquitous signaling molecule that mediates numerous cellular processes associated with cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems. NO also plays an essential role in bone homeostasis regulation. The present review article summarized the effects of NO on bone metabolism during orthodontic tooth movement in order to provide insight into the regulatory role of NO in orthodontic tooth movement. Orthodontic tooth movement is a process in which the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone are reconstructed due to the effect of orthodontic forces. Accumulating evidence has indicated that NO and its downstream signaling molecule, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), mediate the mechanical signals during orthodontic-related bone remodeling, and exert complex effects on osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. NO has a regulatory effect on the cellular activities and functional states of osteoclasts, osteocytes and periodontal ligament fibroblasts involved in orthodontic tooth movement. Variations of NO synthase (NOS) expression levels and NO production in periodontal tissues or gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) have been found on the tension and compression sides during tooth movement in both orthodontic animal models and patients. Furthermore, NO precursor and NOS inhibitor administration increased and reduced the tooth movement in animal models, respectively. Further research is required in order to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms and the clinical application prospect of NO in orthodontic tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Xie
- Department of Orthodontic Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Hongwen He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
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MACF1 promotes osteoblast differentiation by sequestering repressors in cytoplasm. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2160-2178. [PMID: 33664480 PMCID: PMC8257666 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation leading to bone formation requires a coordinated transcriptional program. Osteoblastic cells with low level of microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) show reduced osteoblast differentiation ability, however, the comprehensive mechanism of MACF1's action remains unexplored. In the current study, we found that MACF1 knockdown suppressed osteoblast differentiation by altering the transcriptome dynamics. We further identified two MACF1-interacted proteins, cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) and MYST/Esa1-associated factor 6 (MEAF6), and two MACF1-interacted transcription factors (TFs), transcription factor 12 (TCF12) and E2F transcription factor 6 (E2F6), which repress osteoblast differentiation by altering the expression of osteogenic TFs and genes. Moreover, we found that MACF1 regulated cytoplasmic-nuclear localization of itself, TCF12 and E2F6 in a concentration-dependent manner. MACF1 oppositely regulates the expression of TCF12 and transcription factor 7 (TCF7), two TFs that drive osteoblast differentiation to opposite directions. This study reveals that MACF1, a cytoskeletal protein, acts as a sponge for repressors of osteoblast differentiation to promote osteoblast differentiation and contributes to a novel mechanistic insight of osteoblast differentiation and transcription dynamics.
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48
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Histone modifications centric-regulation in osteogenic differentiation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:91. [PMID: 33941771 PMCID: PMC8093204 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Histone modification critically contributes to the epigenetic control of gene expression by changing the configuration of chromatin and modifying the access of transcription factors to gene promoters. Recently, we observed that histone acetylation and crotonylation mediated the expression of endocytosis-related genes and tumor-related immune checkpoint genes by regulating the enrichment of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 on these gene promoters in Alzheimer's disease and tumorigenesis, suggesting that histone modification plays an important role in disease development. Furthermore, studies performed in the past decade revealed that histone modifications affect osteogenic differentiation by regulating the expression of osteogenic marker genes. In this review, we summarize and discuss the histone modification-centric regulation of osteogenic gene expression. This review improves the understanding of the role of histone modifications in osteogenic differentiation and describes its potential as a therapeutic target for osteogenic differentiation-related diseases.
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Xu X, Yang J, Ye Y, Chen G, Zhang Y, Wu H, Song Y, Feng M, Feng X, Chen X, Wang X, Lin X, Bai X, Shen J. SPTBN1 Prevents Primary Osteoporosis by Modulating Osteoblasts Proliferation and Differentiation and Blood Vessels Formation in Bone. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653724. [PMID: 33816505 PMCID: PMC8017174 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common systemic skeletal disorder that leads to increased bone fragility and increased risk of fracture. Although βII-Spectrin (SPTBN1) has been reported to be involved in the development of various human cancers, the function and underlying molecular mechanisms of SPTBN1 in primary osteoporosis remain unclear. In this study, we first established a primary osteoporosis mouse model of senile osteoporosis and postmenopausal osteoporosis. The results showed that the expression of SPTBN1 was significantly downregulated in primary osteoporosis mice model compared with the control group. Furthermore, silencing of SPTBN1 led to a decrease in bone density, a small number of trabecular bones, wider gap, decreased blood volume fraction and number of blood vessels, as well as downregulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix (Osx), Osteocalcin (Ocn), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in primary osteoporosis mice model compared with the control group. Besides, the silencing of SPTBN1 inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells compared with the negative control group. Moreover, the silencing of SPTBN1 significantly increased the expression of TGF-β, Cxcl9, and the phosphorylation level STAT1 and Smad3 in MC3T3-E1 cells compared with the control group. As expected, overexpression of SPTBN1 reversed the effect of SPTBN1 silencing in the progression of primary osteoporosis both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results suggested that SPTBN1 suppressed primary osteoporosis by facilitating the proliferation, differentiation, and inhibition of apoptosis in osteoblasts via the TGF-β/Smad3 and STAT1/Cxcl9 pathways. Besides, overexpression of SPTBN1 promoted the formation of blood vessels in bone by regulating the expression of VEGF. This study, therefore, provided SPTBN1 as a novel therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Third Subcommittee on Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanshi Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yinhua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hangtian Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqian Song
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meichen Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingying Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Third Subcommittee on Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
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50
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Chen M, Han H, Zhou S, Wen Y, Chen L. Morusin induces osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and prevents bone loss in an ovariectomized rat model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:173. [PMID: 33712069 PMCID: PMC7953707 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease due to the imbalance of osteogenesis and bone resorption, in which, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have a significant effect as the seed cells. Recent research has shown the function of Morusin on inhibiting osteoclast differentiation in vitro. However, whether Morusin can regulate the osteogenic differentiation in addition to the proliferation of BMSCs remains unclear. METHODS BMSCs were isolated from 4-week-old Wistar rats and then treated with different concentrations of Morusin for 3, 5, 7, and 14 days. The proliferation of BMSCs was detected by MTT assay. The effect of Morusin on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was detected by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, ALP, and Alizarin Red staining. The effect of Morusin on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was analyzed by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Finally, in the ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis model, the anti-osteoporosis activity of Morusin was determined by micro-CT, HE, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The results showed the function of 2.5-10 μM Morusin in the promotion of the proliferation in addition to osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Moreover, it also has an impact in activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via inhibition of β-catenin phosphorylation as well as promotion of its nuclear translocation. Upon Dickkopf-related protein-1 (DKK-1, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway) was added to the Morusin, Morusin had a decreased stimulatory osteogenic effect on BMSCs. Finally, in the rat OP model, we found that Morusin could also exert anti-osteoporosis activity in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates the ability of Morusin in the promotion of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and also shows the potential of Morusin to be an agent for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Orthopedics Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yinxian Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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