1
|
Zhang R, Zhang Y, Xiao B, Zhang S, Wang Y, Cui H, Li C, Hou Y, Guo Y, Yang T, Fan J, Zhi C. Phase Engineering of High-Entropy Alloy for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407589. [PMID: 38703065 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Directly electrochemical conversion of nitrate (NO3 -) is an efficient and environmentally friendly technology for ammonia (NH3) production but is challenged by highly selective electrocatalysts. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) with unique properties are attractive materials in catalysis, particularly for multi-step reactions. Herein, we first reported the application of HEA (FeCoNiAlTi) for electrocatalytic NO3 - reduction to NH3 (NRA). The bulk HEA is active for NRA but limited by the unsatisfied NH3 yield of 0.36 mg h-1 cm-2 and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 82.66 %. Through an effective phase engineering strategy, uniform intermetallic nanoparticles are introduced on the bulk HEA to increase electrochemical active surface area and charge transfer efficiency. The resulting nanostructured HEA (n-HEA) delivers enhanced electrochemical NRA performance in terms of NH3 yield (0.52 mg h-1 cm-2) and FE (95.23 %). Further experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that the multi-active sites (Fe, Co, and Ni) dominated electrocatalysis for NRA over the n-HEA. Notably, the typical Co sites exhibit the lowest energy barrier for NRA with *NH2 to *NH3as the rate-determining step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shaoce Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Huilin Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ying Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Centre for Functional Photonics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Shatin, NT, HKSAR, 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu J, Wang P, Luan J, Chen J, Cai P, Chen J, Lu X, Fan Y, Yu Z, Chou K. VASE: A High-Entropy Alloy Short-Range Order Structural Descriptor for Machine Learning. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39046791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The short-range order (SRO) structure in high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is closely associated with many properties, which can be studied through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Atomic-scale modeling and calculations require substantial computational resources, and machine learning can provide rapid estimations of DFT results. To describe SRO information in HEAs, a new descriptor based on Voronoi Analysis and Shannon Entropy (VASE) is proposed. Based on Voronoi analysis, the Shannon entropy is introduced to directly characterize atomic spatial arrangement information except for composition and atomic interactions, which is necessary for describing the disorder atomic occupancy in HEAs. The new descriptor is used for predicting the formation energy of FeCoNiAlTiCu system based on machine learning model, which is more accurate than other descriptors (Coulomb matrices, partial radial distribution functions, and Voronoi analysis). Moreover, the model trained based on VASE descriptors exhibits the best predictive performance for unrelaxed structures (24.06 meV/atom). The introduction of Shannon entropy provides an effective representation of atomic arrangement information in HEAs, which is a powerful tool for investigating the SRO phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Pengbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jun Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Junwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Pengcheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xionggang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yunying Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Kuochih Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University,99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu X, Wu Y, Zheng B, Bai R, Gao L, Dong Z, Song C, Yu Y, Gao P, Hui X. Twinning and 9R Phase Transition Mediated Extraordinary Cold-drawn Deformability in NiCoCrFeMo High-Entropy Alloy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403371. [PMID: 39032159 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The production and application of materials are evolving towards the low-dimensional micro-nano scale. Nevertheless, the fabrication of micron-scale alloy fibers remains a challenge. Herein, a novel Ni-Co-Cr-Fe-Mo high-entropy alloy (HEA) fiber with a cold-drawn reduction rate of 99.9995% and a strain (ɛ) of 12.19 is presented without requiring intermediate annealing. The exceptional deformation strain of 11.62 within the fiber leads to extraordinary tensile strengths of 2.8 GPa at room temperature and 3.6 GPa at 123 K. The in-depth investigation of the microstructure of fibers has revealed the cold drawing deformation mechanisms mediated by the synergistic effects of plane defects. Specifically, various geometrically necessary dislocation interfaces, such as dislocation walls and microbands, along with deformation twins and long-period 9R structures, form in response to external stress when ɛ≤2.7. As the strain increases, the saturated layered structure emerges and progressively evolves into a 3D equiaxed crystal. Moreover, the formation and evolution of the 9R structure (i.e., the migration of incoherent twin boundaries), coupled with the interaction of partial dislocations and the role of deformation twins, are crucial factors determining the fiber's plastic response. This work provides a novel approach to discovering new high-strength metallic fibers with excellent deformability through plane defects engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuli Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Boyuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Rui Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqian Song
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yu
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Peng Gao
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xidong Hui
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang J, Cao G, Zeng M, Fu L. Controllable synthesis of high-entropy alloys. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6021-6041. [PMID: 38738520 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00034j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) involving more than four elements, as emerging alloys, have brought about a paradigm shift in material design. The unprecedented compositional diversities and structural complexities of HEAs endow multidimensional exploration space and great potential for practical benefits, as well as a formidable challenge for synthesis. To further optimize performance and promote advanced applications, it is essential to synthesize HEAs with desired characteristics to satisfy the requirements in the application scenarios. The properties of HEAs are highly related to their chemical compositions, microstructure, and morphology. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the controllable synthesis of HEAs is provided, ranging from composition design to morphology control, structure construction, and surface/interface engineering. The fundamental parameters and advanced characterization related to HEAs are introduced. We also propose several critical directions for future development. This review can provide insight and an in-depth understanding of HEAs, accelerating the synthesis of the desired HEAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guanghui Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Lei Fu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hsu WL, Tsai CW, Yeh AC, Yeh JW. Clarifying the four core effects of high-entropy materials. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:471-485. [PMID: 38698142 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
High-entropy materials emerged as a field of research in 2004, when the first research on high-entropy alloys was published. The scope was soon expanded from high-entropy alloys to medium-entropy alloys, as well as to ceramics, polymers and composite materials. A fundamental understanding on high-entropy materials was proposed in 2006 by the 'four core effects' - high-entropy, severe-lattice-distortion, sluggish-diffusion and cocktail effects - which are often used to describe and explain the mechanisms of various peculiar phenomena associated with high-entropy materials. Throughout the years, the effects have been examined rigorously, and their validity has been affirmed. This Perspective discusses the fundamental understanding of the four core effects in high-entropy materials and gives further insights to strengthen the understanding for these effects. All these clarifications are believed to be helpful in understanding low-to-high-entropy materials as well as to aid the design of materials when studying new compositions or pursuing their use in applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Hsu
- High Entropy Materials Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Tsai
- High Entropy Materials Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - An-Chou Yeh
- High Entropy Materials Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jien-Wei Yeh
- High Entropy Materials Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang F, Song M, Elkot MN, Yao N, Sun B, Song M, Wang Z, Raabe D. Shearing brittle intermetallics enhances cryogenic strength and ductility of steels. Science 2024; 384:1017-1022. [PMID: 38815014 DOI: 10.1126/science.ado2919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Precipitates are crucial for crafting mechanically strong metallic materials. In this work, we report the dislocation cutting of B2 (ordered body-centered cubic) nanoprecipitates, typically considered nonshearable intermetallics, in a lightweight compositionally complex steel during cryogenic tensile loading. Shearing is enabled by the high strength level for dislocation glide within the austenitic matrix, attributed to the substantial strengthening from subnanoscale local chemical ordering zones and the pronounced solid solution strengthening from the multiprincipal elements in the matrix. This mechanism not only harnesses the intense strengthening and strain hardening provided by otherwise impenetrable brittle nanoprecipitates but also introduces ductility through their sequential shearing with ongoing deformation. Our steel thus showcases ultrahigh cryogenic tensile strength up to 2 gigapascal at a remarkable tensile elongation of 34%. This study reveals a new strategy for designing high-performance structural materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mohamed N Elkot
- Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Ning Yao
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Binhan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dierk Raabe
- Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gu L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Hou R, Liang F, Zhang R, Wu Y, Fan Y, Liang N, Zhou B, Chen Y, Sha G, Chen G, Wang Y, Chen X. Ultrastrong and ductile medium-entropy alloys via hierarchical ordering. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn7553. [PMID: 38809970 PMCID: PMC11135427 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn7553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Long-range ordered phases in most high-entropy and medium-entropy alloys (HEAs/MEAs) exhibit poor ductility, stemming from their brittle nature of complex crystal structure with specific bonding state. Here, we propose a design strategy to severalfold strengthen a single-phase face-centered cubic (fcc) Ni2CoFeV MEA by introducing trigonal κ and cubic L12 intermetallic phases via hierarchical ordering. The tri-phase MEA has an ultrahigh tensile strength exceeding 1.6 GPa and an outstanding ductility of 30% at room temperature, which surpasses the strength-ductility synergy of most reported HEAs/MEAs. The simultaneous activation of unusual dislocation multiple slip and stacking faults (SFs) in the κ phase, along with nano-SF networks, Lomer-Cottrell locks, and high-density dislocations in the coupled L12 and fcc phases, contributes to enhanced strain hardening and excellent ductility. This work offers a promising prototype to design super-strong and ductile structural materials by harnessing the hierarchical ordered phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yonghao Zhao
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200, China
| | - Yong Li
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Rui Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology, Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ruisheng Zhang
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yinxing Wu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ningning Liang
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology, Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology, Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Gang Sha
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Guang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology, Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yandong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu W, Gao X, Yao Y, Hu S, Li Z, Teng Y, Wang H, Gong H, Chen Z, Yang Y. Nanostructured High Entropy Alloys as Structural and Functional Materials. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12672-12706. [PMID: 38717959 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Since their introduction in 2004, high entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical and functional properties. Advances in our understanding of atomic-scale ordering and phase formation in HEAs have facilitated the development of fabrication techniques for synthesizing nanostructured HEAs. These materials hold immense potential for applications in various fields including automobile industries, aerospace engineering, microelectronics, and clean energy, where they serve as either structural or functional materials. In this comprehensive Review, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the mechanical and functional properties of nanostructured HEAs, with a particular emphasis on the roles of different nanostructures in modulating these properties. To begin, we explore the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence the formation and stability of nanostructures in HEAs. Subsequently, we delve into an examination of the mechanical and electrocatalytic properties exhibited by bulk or three-dimensional (3D) nanostructured HEAs, as well as nanosized HEAs in the form of zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles, one-dimensional (1D) nanowires, or two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets. Finally, we present an outlook on the current research landscape, highlighting the challenges and opportunities associated with nanostructure design and the understanding of structure-property relationships in nanostructured HEAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yiyu Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Sijia Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Yun Teng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhaoqi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of System Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang CY, Matsunaga S, Toda Y, Murakami H, Yeh AC, Yamabe-Mitarai Y. Effect of Alloying Elements on the High-Temperature Yielding Behavior of Multicomponent γ'-L1 2 Alloys. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2280. [PMID: 38793347 PMCID: PMC11123020 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The exceptional mechanical properties of Ni-based high entropy alloys are due to the presence of ordered L12 (γ') precipitates embedded within a disordered matrix phase. While the strengthening contribution of the γ' phase is generally accepted, there is no consensus on the precise contribution of the individual strengthening mechanisms to the overall strength. In addition, changes in alloy composition influence several different mechanisms, making the assessment of alloying conditions complex. Multicomponent L12-ordered single-phase alloys were systematically developed with the aid of CALPHAD thermodynamic calculations. The alloying elements Co, Cr, Ti, and Nb were chosen to complexify the Ni3Al structure. The existence of the γ' single phase was validated by microstructure characterization and phase identification. A high-temperature compression test from 500 °C to 1000 °C revealed a positive temperature dependence of strength before reaching the peak strength in the studied alloys NiCoCrAl, NiCoCrAlTi, and NiCoCrAlNb. Ti and Nb alloying addition significantly enhanced the high-temperature yield strengths before the peak temperature. The yield strength was modeled by summing the individual effects of solid solution strengthening, grain boundary strengthening, order strengthening, and cross-slip-induced strengthening. Cross-slip-induced strengthening was shown to be the key contributor to the high-temperature strength enhancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Wang
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi 277-8561, Chiba, Japan;
| | - Sae Matsunaga
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi 277-8561, Chiba, Japan;
| | - Yoshiaki Toda
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.T.); (H.M.)
| | - Hideyuki Murakami
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.T.); (H.M.)
- Department of Nanoengineering and Nanoscience, Waseda University, Shinjuku 169-8555, Tokyo, Japan
| | - An-Chou Yeh
- High Entropy Materials Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Yoko Yamabe-Mitarai
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi 277-8561, Chiba, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang Y, Wang H, Ouyang X, Wang C, Huang Q, Zhao Q, Liu X, Zhu Q, Hou Z, Wu J, Zhang Z, Li H, Yang Y, Yang W, Gao H, Zhou H. Overcoming strength-ductility tradeoff with high pressure thermal treatment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3932. [PMID: 38729936 PMCID: PMC11087546 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48435-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional material processing approaches often achieve strengthening of materials at the cost of reduced ductility. Here, we show that high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) treatment can help overcome the strength-ductility trade-off in structural materials. We report an initially strong-yet-brittle eutectic high entropy alloy simultaneously doubling its strength to 1150 MPa and its tensile ductility to 36% after the HPHT treatment. Such strength-ductility synergy is attributed to the HPHT-induced formation of a hierarchically patterned microstructure with coherent interfaces, which promotes multiple deformation mechanisms, including dislocations, stacking faults, microbands and deformation twins, at multiple length scales. More importantly, the HPHT-induced microstructure helps relieve stress concentration at the interfaces, thereby arresting interfacial cracking commonly observed in traditional eutectic high entropy alloys. These findings suggest a new direction of research in employing HPHT techniques to help develop next generation structural materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haikuo Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoping Ouyang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qishan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingkun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- Institute of Metals, College of Material Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Hou
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiakun Wu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yikan Yang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huajian Gao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore.
- Mechano-X Institute, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Haofei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xing B, Rupert TJ, Pan X, Cao P. Neural network kinetics for exploring diffusion multiplicity and chemical ordering in compositionally complex materials. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3879. [PMID: 38724515 PMCID: PMC11082203 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffusion involving atom transport from one location to another governs many important processes and behaviors such as precipitation and phase nucleation. The inherent chemical complexity in compositionally complex materials poses challenges for modeling atomic diffusion and the resulting formation of chemically ordered structures. Here, we introduce a neural network kinetics (NNK) scheme that predicts and simulates diffusion-induced chemical and structural evolution in complex concentrated chemical environments. The framework is grounded on efficient on-lattice structure and chemistry representation combined with artificial neural networks, enabling precise prediction of all path-dependent migration barriers and individual atom jumps. To demonstrate the method, we study the temperature-dependent local chemical ordering in a refractory NbMoTa alloy and reveal a critical temperature at which the B2 order reaches a maximum. The atomic jump randomness map exhibits the highest diffusion heterogeneity (multiplicity) in the vicinity of this characteristic temperature, which is closely related to chemical ordering and B2 structure formation. The scalable NNK framework provides a promising new avenue to exploring diffusion-related properties in the vast compositional space within which extraordinary properties are hidden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xing
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Timothy J Rupert
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Penghui Cao
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Q, Yao Z, Wang J, Guo H, Li C, Zhou D, Bai X, Li H, Li B, Wagemaker M, Zhao C. Chemical short-range disorder in lithium oxide cathodes. Nature 2024; 629:341-347. [PMID: 38720041 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Ordered layered structures serve as essential components in lithium (Li)-ion cathodes1-3. However, on charging, the inherently delicate Li-deficient frameworks become vulnerable to lattice strain and structural and/or chemo-mechanical degradation, resulting in rapid capacity deterioration and thus short battery life2,4. Here we report an approach that addresses these issues using the integration of chemical short-range disorder (CSRD) into oxide cathodes, which involves the localized distribution of elements in a crystalline lattice over spatial dimensions, spanning a few nearest-neighbour spacings. This is guided by fundamental principles of structural chemistry and achieved through an improved ceramic synthesis process. To demonstrate its viability, we showcase how the introduction of CSRD substantially affects the crystal structure of layered Li cobalt oxide cathodes. This is manifested in the transition metal environment and its interactions with oxygen, effectively preventing detrimental sliding of crystal slabs and structural deterioration during Li removal. Meanwhile, it affects the electronic structure, leading to improved electronic conductivity. These attributes are highly beneficial for Li-ion storage capabilities, markedly improving cycle life and rate capability. Moreover, we find that CSRD can be introduced in additional layered oxide materials through improved chemical co-doping, further illustrating its potential to enhance structural and electrochemical stability. These findings open up new avenues for the design of oxide cathodes, offering insights into the effects of CSRD on the crystal and electronic structure of advanced functional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Wang
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Zhenpeng Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Surface Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Neutron Scattering Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xuedong Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Surface Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Baohua Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, School of Shenzhen International Graduate, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Marnix Wagemaker
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Chenglong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alhafez IA, Deluigi OR, Tramontina D, Merkert N, Urbassek HM, Bringa EM. Nanoindentation into a bcc high-entropy HfNbTaTiZr alloy-an atomistic study of the effect of short-range order. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9112. [PMID: 38643297 PMCID: PMC11032334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The plastic response of the Senkov HfNbTaTiZr high-entropy alloy is explored by means of simulated nanoindentation tests. Both a random alloy and an alloy with chemical short-range order are investigated and compared to the well understood case of an elementary Ta crystal. Strong differences in the dislocation plasticity between the alloys and the elementary Ta crystal are found. The high-entropy alloys show only little relaxation of the indentation dislocation network after indenter retraction and only negligible dislocation emission into the sample interior. Short-range order-besides making the alloy both stiffer and harder-further increases the size of the plastic zone and the dislocation density there. These features are explained by the slow dislocation migration in these alloys. Also, the short-range-ordered alloy features no twinning plasticity in contrast to the random alloy, while elemental Ta exhibits twinning under high stress but detwins considerably under stress relief. The results are in good qualitative agreement with our current knowledge of plasticity in high-entropy alloys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iyad Alabd Alhafez
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Clausthal University of Technology, Adolph-Roemer Str. 2A, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Orlando R Deluigi
- CONICET and Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - Diego Tramontina
- CONICET and Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - Nina Merkert
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Clausthal University of Technology, Adolph-Roemer Str. 2A, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Herbert M Urbassek
- Physics Department and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Eduardo M Bringa
- CONICET and Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, 8580745, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang H, He Q, Gao X, Shang Y, Zhu W, Zhao W, Chen Z, Gong H, Yang Y. Multifunctional High Entropy Alloys Enabled by Severe Lattice Distortion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305453. [PMID: 37561587 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Since 2004, the design of high entropy alloys (HEAs) has generated significant interest within the materials science community due to their exceptional structural and functional properties. By incorporating multiple principal elements into a common lattice, it is possible to create a single-phase crystal with a highly distorted lattice. This unique feature enables HEAs to offer a promising combination of mechanical and physical properties that are not typically observed in conventional alloys. In this article, an extensive overview of multifunctional HEAs that exhibit severe lattice distortion is provided, covering the theoretical models that are developed to understand lattice distortion, the experimental and computational methods employ to characterize lattice distortion, and most importantly, the impact of severe lattice distortion on the mechanical, physical and electrochemical properties of HEAs. Through this review, it is hoped to stimulate further research into the study of distorted lattices in crystalline solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Quanfeng He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Institute of Materials Modification and Modeling, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yinghui Shang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan), Dongguan, Guangdong, 523000, China
| | - Wenqing Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weijiang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoqi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li F, Wu H, Lv S, Ma Y, Wang B, Ren Y, Wang C, Shi Y, Ji H, Gu J, Tang S, Meng X. Two Birds with One Stone: Contemporaneously Enhancing OER Catalytic Activity and Stability for Dual-Phase Medium-Entropy Metal Sulfides. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309025. [PMID: 37890449 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-based sulfides exhibit remarkable potential as electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to the unique intrinsic structure and physicochemical characteristics. Nevertheless, currently available sulfide catalysts based on transition metals face a bottleneck in large-scale commercial applications owing to their unsatisfactory stability. Here, the first fabrication of (FeCoNiMn2 )S2 dual-phase medium-entropy metal sulfide (dp-MEMS) is successfully achieved, which demonstrated the expected optimization of stability in the OER process. Benefiting from the "cell wall" -like structure and the synergistic effect in medium-entropy systems, (FeCoNiMn2 )S2 dp-MEMS delivers an exceptionally low overpotential of 169 and 232 mV at current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm-2 , respectively. The enhancement mechanism of catalytic activity and stability is further validated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Additionally, the rechargeable Zn-air batteries integrated with FeCoNiMn2 )S2 dp-MEMS exhibit remarkable performance outperforming the commercial catalyst (Pt/C+RuO2 ). This work demonstrates that the dual-phase medium-entropy metal sulfide-based catalysts have the potential to provide a greater application value for OER and related energy conversion systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shaochen Lv
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Ma
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Information, Jiangsu Shipping College, Nantong, 226010, P. R. China
| | - Biao Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yilun Ren
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Shi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Hurong Ji
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jian Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shaochun Tang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xiangkang Meng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jiang L, Guo Y, Liu Z, Chen S. Computational understanding of the coalescence of metallic nanoparticles: a mini review. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38404213 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06133g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles exhibit extraordinary properties that differ from those of bulk materials due to their large surface area to volume ratios. Coalescence of metallic nanoparticles has a huge impact on their properties. Remarkable progress has been made by using computational methods for understanding nanoparticle coalescence. This work aims to provide a mini review on the state-of-the-art modelling and simulation of nanoparticle coalescence. First, we will discuss the outstanding performances and coalescence behaviors of metallic nanoparticles, and list some challenges in the coalescence of metallic nanoparticles. Next, we will introduce the applications of molecular dynamics and the Monte Carlo method in nanoparticle coalescence. Furthermore, we will discuss the coalescence kinetics and mechanisms of metal nanoparticles with the same element and different elements, alloy nanoparticles and metal oxide nanoparticles. Finally, we will present our perspective and conclusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiang
- College of Automation, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, China
| | - Yongxin Guo
- College of Automation, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
- Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gu J, Duan F, Liu S, Cha W, Lu J. Phase Engineering of Nanostructural Metallic Materials: Classification, Structures, and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1247-1287. [PMID: 38259248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Metallic materials are usually composed of single phase or multiple phases, which refers to homogeneous regions with distinct types of the atom arrangement. The recent studies on nanostructured metallic materials provide a variety of promising approaches to engineer the phases at the nanoscale. Tailoring phase size, phase distribution, and introducing new structures via phase transformation contribute to the precise modification in deformation behaviors and electronic structures of nanostructural metallic materials. Therefore, phase engineering of nanostructured metallic materials is expected to pave an innovative way to develop materials with advanced mechanical and functional properties. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the engineering of heterogeneous nanophases and the fundamental understanding of nanophase formation for nanostructured metallic materials, including supra-nano-dual-phase materials, nanoprecipitation- and nanotwin-strengthened materials. We first review the thermodynamics and kinetics principles for the formation of the supra-nano-dual-phase structure, followed by a discussion on the deformation mechanism for structural metallic materials as well as the optimization in the electronic structure for electrocatalysis. Then, we demonstrate the origin, classification, and mechanical and functional properties of the metallic materials with the structural characteristics of dense nanoprecipitations or nanotwins. Finally, we summarize some potential research challenges in this field and provide a short perspective on the scientific implications of phase engineering for the design of next-generation advanced metallic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialun Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Fenghui Duan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Sida Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science, SV LAB, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wenhao Cha
- Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- CityU-Shenzhen Futian Research Institute, No. 3, Binglang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Greater Bay Joint Division, Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Shenzhen 518000, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang LC, Wang J. Stabilizing 3D-printed metal alloys. Science 2024; 383:586-587. [PMID: 38330127 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn6566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
A design strategy overcomes the strength-ductility trade-off in alloy manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Chang Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang L, Liang D, Cheng Z, Duan R, Zhong C, Luan J, Jiao Z, Ren F. Simultaneous enhancement of strength and ductility via microband formation and nanotwinning in an L1 2-strengthened alloy. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 4:147-157. [PMID: 38933833 PMCID: PMC11197580 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic alloys with high strength and large ductility are required for extreme structural applications. However, the achievement of ultrahigh strength often results in a substantially decreased ductility. Here, we report a strategy to achieve the strength-ductility synergy by tailoring the alloy composition to control the local stacking fault energy (SFE) of the face-centered-cubic (fcc) matrix in an L12-strengthened superlattice alloy. As a proof of concept, based on the thermodynamic calculations, we developed a non-equiatomic CoCrNi2(Al0.2Nb0.2) alloy using phase separation to create a near-equiatomic low SFE disordered CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy matrix with in situ formed high-content coherent Ni3(Al, Nb)-type ordered nanoprecipitates (∼ 12 nm). The alloy achieves a high tensile strength up to 1.6 GPa and a uniform ductility of 33%. The low SFE of the fcc matrix promotes the formation of nanotwins and parallel microbands during plastic deformation which could remarkably enhance the strain hardening capacity. This work provides a strategy for developing ultrahigh-strength alloys with large uniform ductility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dingshan Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ranxi Duan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chuanxin Zhong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junhua Luan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zengbao Jiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Fuzeng Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
An Z, Li A, Mao S, Yang T, Zhu L, Wang R, Wu Z, Zhang B, Shao R, Jiang C, Cao B, Shi C, Ren Y, Liu C, Long H, Zhang J, Li W, He F, Sun L, Zhao J, Yang L, Zhou X, Wei X, Chen Y, Lu Z, Ren F, Liu CT, Zhang Z, Han X. Negative mixing enthalpy solid solutions deliver high strength and ductility. Nature 2024; 625:697-702. [PMID: 38172639 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Body-centred cubic refractory multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs), with several refractory metal elements as constituents and featuring a yield strength greater than one gigapascal, are promising materials to meet the demands of aggressive structural applications1-6. Their low-to-no tensile ductility at room temperature, however, limits their processability and scaled-up application7-10. Here we present a HfNbTiVAl10 alloy that shows remarkable tensile ductility (roughly 20%) and ultrahigh yield strength (roughly 1,390 megapascals). Notably, these are among the best synergies compared with other related alloys. Such superb synergies derive from the addition of aluminium to the HfNbTiV alloy, resulting in a negative mixing enthalpy solid solution, which promotes strength and favours the formation of hierarchical chemical fluctuations (HCFs). The HCFs span many length scales, ranging from submicrometre to atomic scale, and create a high density of diffusive boundaries that act as effective barriers for dislocation motion. Consequently, versatile dislocation configurations are sequentially stimulated, enabling the alloy to accommodate plastic deformation while fostering substantial interactions that give rise to two unusual strain-hardening rate upturns. Thus, plastic instability is significantly delayed, which expands the plastic regime as ultralarge tensile ductility. This study provides valuable insights into achieving a synergistic combination of ultrahigh strength and large tensile ductility in MPEAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zibing An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shengcheng Mao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaoxuan Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Analytical and Testing Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruiwen Shao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Boxuan Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caijuan Shi
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Ren
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Long
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ligang Sun
- College of Science, School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junbo Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Luyan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhou
- Analytical and Testing Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunmin Chen
- Center for Hypergravity Experiment and Interdisciplinary Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuzeng Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chain-Tsuan Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Moniri S, Yang Y, Ding J, Yuan Y, Zhou J, Yang L, Zhu F, Liao Y, Yao Y, Hu L, Ercius P, Miao J. Three-dimensional atomic structure and local chemical order of medium- and high-entropy nanoalloys. Nature 2023; 624:564-569. [PMID: 38123807 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Medium- and high-entropy alloys (M/HEAs) mix several principal elements with near-equiatomic composition and represent a model-shift strategy for designing previously unknown materials in metallurgy1-8, catalysis9-14 and other fields15-18. One of the core hypotheses of M/HEAs is lattice distortion5,19,20, which has been investigated by different numerical and experimental techniques21-26. However, determining the three-dimensional (3D) lattice distortion in M/HEAs remains a challenge. Moreover, the presumed random elemental mixing in M/HEAs has been questioned by X-ray and neutron studies27, atomistic simulations28-30, energy dispersive spectroscopy31,32 and electron diffraction33,34, which suggest the existence of local chemical order in M/HEAs. However, direct experimental observation of the 3D local chemical order has been difficult because energy dispersive spectroscopy integrates the composition of atomic columns along the zone axes7,32,34 and diffuse electron reflections may originate from planar defects instead of local chemical order35. Here we determine the 3D atomic positions of M/HEA nanoparticles using atomic electron tomography36 and quantitatively characterize the local lattice distortion, strain tensor, twin boundaries, dislocation cores and chemical short-range order (CSRO). We find that the high-entropy alloys have larger local lattice distortion and more heterogeneous strain than the medium-entropy alloys and that strain is correlated to CSRO. We also observe CSRO-mediated twinning in the medium-entropy alloys, that is, twinning occurs in energetically unfavoured CSRO regions but not in energetically favoured CSRO ones, which represents, to our knowledge, the first experimental observation of correlating local chemical order with structural defects in any material. We expect that this work will not only expand our fundamental understanding of this important class of materials but also provide the foundation for tailoring M/HEA properties through engineering lattice distortion and local chemical order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Moniri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jun Ding
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yakun Yuan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jihan Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Long Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fan Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuxuan Liao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yonggang Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Peter Ercius
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jianwei Miao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gao H, Guo N, Gong Y, Bai L, Wang D, Zheng Q. Sub-Ångstrom-scale structural variations in high-entropy oxides. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37987086 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05176e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are a special class of materials that utilize the concept of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with five or more elements randomly distributing at a single sublattice in near-equiatomic proportions. HEOs have been attracting increasing attention owing to their many outstanding physical and chemical properties. However, unlike HEAs, for which local chemical compositions, order/disorder behaviors, and property-structure relationships have been comprehensively investigated, detailed information on the atomic-scale chemical and structural features and their correlations with functionalities in HEOs so far is still not sufficient. Herein, we select four typical HEOs with pyrochlore, spinel, perovskite and rock-salt type structures, and directly observe and quantify sub-Ångstrom-scale structure variations in different manners by means of advanced aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques. Visualization and quantification of local structural variations and lattice distortions in the current work may show a valuable example for future investigations on local fluctuating structures and their relationships with properties in more systems of HEOs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanbin Gao
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Ning Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yue Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Lu Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Dongwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Qiang Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Q, Niu R, Liu Y, Jiang J, Xu F, Zhang X, Cairney JM, An X, Liao X, Gao H, Li X. Room-temperature super-elongation in high-entropy alloy nanopillars. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7469. [PMID: 37978189 PMCID: PMC10656519 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42894-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale small-volume metallic materials typically exhibit high strengths but often suffer from a lack of tensile ductility due to undesirable premature failure. Here, we report unusual room-temperature uniform elongation up to ~110% at a high flow stress of 0.6-1.0 GPa in single-crystalline <110>-oriented CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy nanopillars with well-defined geometries. By combining high-resolution microscopy and large-scale atomistic simulations, we reveal that this ultrahigh uniform tensile ductility is attributed to spatial and synergistic coordination of deformation twinning and dislocation slip, which effectively promote deformation delocalization and delay necking failure. These joint and/or sequential activations of the underlying displacive deformation mechanisms originate from chemical compositional heterogeneities at the atomic level and resulting wide variations in generalized stacking fault energy and associated dislocation activities. Our work provides mechanistic insights into superplastic deformations of multiple-principal element alloys at the nanoscale and opens routes for designing nanodevices with high mechanical reliability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ranming Niu
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical, and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical, and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jiaxi Jiang
- Centre for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Institute of Mechanics and Computational Engineering, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Julie M Cairney
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical, and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xianghai An
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical, and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Xiaozhou Liao
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical, and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Huajian Gao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Centre for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen S, Liu P, Pei Q, Yu ZG, Aitken ZH, Li W, Wu Z, Banerjee R, Srolovitz DJ, Liaw PK, Zhang YW. Ideal plasticity and shape memory of nanolamellar high-entropy alloys. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi5817. [PMID: 37831772 PMCID: PMC10575575 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship among elemental compositions, nanolamellar microstructures, and mechanical properties enables the rational design of high-entropy alloys (HEAs). Here, we construct nanolamellar AlxCoCuFeNi HEAs with alternating high- and low-Al concentration layers and explore their mechanical properties using a combination of molecular dynamic simulation and density functional theory calculation. Our results show that the HEAs with nanolamellar structures exhibit ideal plastic behavior during uniaxial tensile loading, a feature not observed in homogeneous HEAs. This remarkable ideal plasticity is attributed to the unique deformation mechanisms of phase transformation coupled with dislocation nucleation and propagation in the high-Al concentration layers and the confinement and slip-blocking effect of the low-Al concentration layers. Unexpectedly, this ideal plasticity is fully reversible upon unloading, leading to a remarkable shape memory effect. Our work highlights the importance of nanolamellar structures in controlling the mechanical and functional properties of HEAs and presents a fascinating route for the design of HEAs for both functional and structural applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qingxiang Pei
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhi Gen Yu
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zachary H. Aitken
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wanghui Li
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhaoxuan Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rajarshi Banerjee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
| | - David J. Srolovitz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peter K. Liaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang D, Xu Y, Zhang H, Zhang Y. An A 2 B 2 O 7 -Type High-Entropy Oxide for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Photodetector with Excellent Long-Term Stability. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2300888. [PMID: 37821398 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronics with excellent long-term stability is meaningful for practical applications. Herein, for the first time, an A2 B2 O7 type high-entropy oxide of (La0.2 Ce0.2 Nd0.2 Gd0.2 Bi0.2 )2 Ti2 O7 (ATO) is synthesized and applied for photoelectrochemical photodetection. The lattice distortion, highly dispersed metal composition, and exposed active sites of ATO are beneficial for the fast separation and transmission of photogenerated electron/hole pairs, endowing ATO-based devices with good photodetection performance. Both the density functional theory calculations and the nondegenerate transient absorption spectroscopy demonstrate the good optoelectronic properties of ATO. The systematic experimental studies reveal the tunable photodetection capability of ATO-based photodetector (PD) in the visible region. A photocurrent of 772.00 nA cm-2 and a responsivity of 4.02 µA W-1 can be achieved as the PD in 1.0 m KOH with the bias potential of 0.6 V. Importantly, the robust and reproducible ON/OFF signals of the PD can be verified and there is only ≈5.00% attenuation in photocurrent even after 6 months, revealing the great potential of high- entropy oxides for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Lab of Optoelectronic Technology for Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yiguo Xu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Lab of Optoelectronic Technology for Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Summer M, Tahir HM, Ali S. Sonication and heat-mediated synthesis, characterization and larvicidal activity of sericin-based silver nanoparticles against dengue vector (Aedes aegypti). Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1363-1377. [PMID: 37119431 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication, characterization and evaluation of the larvicidal potential of novel silk protein (sericin)-based silver nanoparticles (Se-AgNPs) were the prime motives of the designed study. Furthermore, investigation of the sericin as natural reducing or stabilizing agent was another objective behind this study. Se-AgNPs were synthesized using sonication and heat. Fabricated Se-AgNPs were characterized using particle size analyzer, UV spectrophotometry, FTIR and SEM which confirmed the fabrication of the Se-AgNPs. Size of sonication-mediated Se-AgNPs was smaller (7.49 nm) than heat-assisted Se-AgNPs (53.6 nm). Being smallest in size, sonication-assisted Se-AgNPs revealed the significantly highest (F4,10 = 39.20, p = .00) larvicidal activity against fourth instar lab and field larvae (F4,10 = 1864, p = .00) of dengue vector (Aedes aegypti) followed by heat-assisted Se-AgNPs and positive control (temephos). Non-significant larvicidal activity was showed by silver (without sericin) which made the temperature stability of silver, debatable. Furthermore, findings of biochemical assays (glutathione-S transferase, esterase, and acetylcholinesterase) showed the levels of resistance in field strain larvae. Aforementioned findings of the study suggests the sonication as the best method for synthesis of Se-AgNPs while the larvicidal activity is inversely proportional to the size of Se-AgNPs, i.e., smallest the size, highest the larvicidal activity. Conclusively, status of the sericin as a natural reducing/stabilizing agent has been endorsed by the findings of this study. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Incorporation of biocompatible and inexpensive sericin as a capping/reducing agent for synthesis of Se-AgNPs. A novel sonication method was used for the fabrication of Se-AgNPs which were thoroughly characterized by particle size analyzer, UV-visible spectrophotometry, SEM and FTIR. Analysis of enzymatic (GSTs, ESTs) levels in field and lab strains of Aedes aegypti larvae for evaluation of insecticides resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Summer
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Tahir
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang C, Zhang B, Fu L, Wang Z, Teng J, Shao R, Wu Z, Chang X, Ding J, Wang L, Han X. Chemical inhomogeneity-induced profuse nanotwinning and phase transformation in AuCu nanowires. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5705. [PMID: 37709777 PMCID: PMC10502134 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosized metals usually exhibit ultrahigh strength but suffer from low homogeneous plasticity. The origin of a strength-ductility trade-off has been well studied for pure metals, but not for random solid solution (RSS) alloys. How RSS alloys accommodate plasticity and whether they can achieve synergy between high strength and superplasticity has remained unresolved. Here, we show that face-centered cubic (FCC) RSS AuCu alloy nanowires (NWs) exhibit superplasticity of ~260% and ultrahigh strength of ~6 GPa, overcoming the trade-off between strength and ductility. These excellent properties originate from profuse hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase generation (2H and 4H phases), recurrence of reversible FCC-HCP phase transition, and zigzag-like nanotwin generation, which has rarely been reported before. Such a mechanism stems from the inherent chemical inhomogeneity, which leads to widely distributed and overlapping energy barriers for the concurrent activation of multiple plasticity mechanisms. This naturally implies a similar deformation behavior for other highly concentrated solid-solution alloys with multiple principal elements, such as high/medium-entropy alloys. Our findings shed light on the effect of chemical inhomogeneity on the plastic deformation mechanism of solid-solution alloys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Yang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Bozhao Zhang
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Libo Fu
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zhanxin Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jiao Teng
- Department of Material Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruiwen Shao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ziqi Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoxue Chang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lihua Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yao Q, Yu Z, Li L, Huang X. Strain and Surface Engineering of Multicomponent Metallic Nanomaterials with Unconventional Phases. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9676-9717. [PMID: 37428987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent metallic nanomaterials with unconventional phases show great prospects in electrochemical energy storage and conversion, owing to unique crystal structures and abundant structural effects. In this review, we emphasize the progress in the strain and surface engineering of these novel nanomaterials. We start with a brief introduction of the structural configurations of these materials, based on the interaction types between the components. Next, the fundamentals of strain, strain effect in relevant metallic nanomaterials with unconventional phases, and their formation mechanisms are discussed. Then the progress in surface engineering of these multicomponent metallic nanomaterials is demonstrated from the aspects of morphology control, crystallinity control, surface modification, and surface reconstruction. Moreover, the applications of the strain- and surface-engineered unconventional nanomaterials mainly in electrocatalysis are also introduced, where in addition to the catalytic performance, the structure-performance correlations are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this promising field are prospected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Leigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu Z, Shi X, Zhang M, Qiao J. High-Temperature Mechanical Properties of NbTaHfTiZrV 0.5 Refractory High-Entropy Alloys. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 25:1124. [PMID: 37628154 PMCID: PMC10453588 DOI: 10.3390/e25081124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The NbTaHfTiZrV0.5 is a refractory multi-principal-element alloy with high strength and good ductility at room temperature. It is important for possible high-temperature applications to investigate the deformation mechanism of the NbTaHfTiZrV0.5 alloy at different temperatures using tensile tests. In this investigation, the tensile tests were conducted at room temperature to 1273 K on sheet materials fabricated by cold rolling combined with annealing treatments. At 473 K, the NbTaHfTiZrV0.5 alloy exhibited a high tensile ductility (12%). At a testing temperature range of 673~873 K, the ductility was reduced, but the yield strength remained above 800 MPa, which is rare in most other alloys. The TEM investigations revealed that a dislocation slip controlled the plastic deformation, and the degree of deformation was closely related to the dislocation density. The true stress-strain curves of the alloy under different deformation conditions were obtained by tensile deformation at different deformation temperatures (673~873 K) and strain rates (0.001~0.0005 s-1). Experimental results were utilized to construct the parameters of a constitutive model based on a traditional mathematical model to predict the flow behavior at high temperatures. The excellent high-temperature mechanical properties of the NbTaHfTiZrV0.5 alloy will enable it to be used in several engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junwei Qiao
- Laboratory of High-Entropy Alloys, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (Z.L.); (X.S.); (M.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu X, Dong Z, Shen S, Wang Y, Wu Z, Hao L, Du J, Zhang J, Ma Z, Liu Y, Fu E. The Influence of Coherent Oxide Interfaces on the Behaviors of Helium (He) Ion Irradiated ODS W. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4613. [PMID: 37444926 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten (W), as a promising plasma-facing material for fusion nuclear reactors, exhibits ductility reduction. Introducing high-density coherent nano-dispersoids into the W matrix is a highly efficient strategy to break the tradeoff of the strength-ductility performance. In this work, we performed helium (He) ion irradiation on coherent oxide-dispersoids strengthened (ODS) W to investigate the effect of coherent nanoparticle interfaces on the behavior of He bubbles. The results show that the diameter and density of He bubbles in ODS W are close to that in W at low dose of He ion irradiation. The radiation-induced hardening increment of ODS W, being 25% lower than that of pure W, suggests the involvement of the coherent interface in weakening He ion irradiation-induced hardening and emphasizes the potential of coherent nano-dispersoids in enhancing the radiation resistance of W-based materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shangkun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zefeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liyu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinlong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zongqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongchang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Engang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dasari S, Sharma A, Jiang C, Gwalani B, Lin WC, Lo KC, Gorsse S, Yeh AC, Srinivasan SG, Banerjee R. Exceptional enhancement of mechanical properties in high-entropy alloys via thermodynamically guided local chemical ordering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211787120. [PMID: 37252982 PMCID: PMC10265979 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211787120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the local chemical ordering propensity in random solid solutions, and tailoring its strength, can guide the design and discovery of complex, paradigm-shifting multicomponent alloys. First, we present a simple thermodynamic framework, based solely on binary enthalpies of mixing, to select optimal alloying elements to control the nature and extent of chemical ordering in high-entropy alloys (HEAs). Next, we couple high-resolution electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, hybrid Monte-Carlo, special quasirandom structures, and density functional theory calculations to demonstrate how controlled additions of Al and Ti and subsequent annealing drive chemical ordering in nearly random equiatomic face-centered cubic CoFeNi solid solution. We establish that short-range ordered domains, the precursors of long-range ordered precipitates, inform mechanical properties. Specifically, a progressively increasing local order boosts the tensile yield strengths of the parent CoFeNi alloy by a factor of four while also substantially improving ductility, which breaks the so-called strength-ductility paradox. Finally, we validate the generality of our approach by predicting and demonstrating that controlled additions of Al, which has large negative enthalpies of mixing with the constituent elements of another nearly random body-centered cubic refractory NbTaTi HEA, also introduces chemical ordering and enhances mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriswaroop Dasari
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX76207
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX76207
| | - Chao Jiang
- Computational Mechanics & Materials Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID83415
| | - Bharat Gwalani
- Physical and Computational Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA99354
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC27695
| | - Wei-Chih Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu30013, Taiwan, R. O. C
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600Pessac, France
| | - Kai-Chi Lo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu30013, Taiwan, R. O. C
- High Entropy Materials Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu30013, Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Stéphane Gorsse
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600Pessac, France
| | - An-Chou Yeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu30013, Taiwan, R. O. C
- High Entropy Materials Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu30013, Taiwan, R. O. C
| | | | - Rajarshi Banerjee
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX76207
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ai Y, He MQ, Sun H, Jia X, Wu L, Zhang X, Sun HB, Liang Q. Ultra-Small High-Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles: Efficient Nanozyme for Enhancing Tumor Photothermal Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302335. [PMID: 36995655 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High-entropy alloys nanoparticles (HEANPs) are receiving extensive attention due to their broad compositional tunability and unlimited potential in bioapplication. However, developing new methods to prepare ultra-small high-entropy alloy nanoparticles (US-HEANPs) faces severe challenges owing to their intrinsic thermodynamic instability. Furthermore, there are few reports on studying the effect of HEANPs in tumor therapy. Herein, the fabricated PtPdRuRhIr US-HEANPs act as bifunctional nanoplatforms for the highly efficient treatment of tumors. The US-HEANPs are engineered by the universal metal-ligand cross-linking strategy. This simple and scalable strategy is based on the aldol condensation of organometallics to form the target US-HEANPs. The synthesized US-HEANPs exhibit excellent peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity and can catalyze the endogenous hydrogen peroxide to produce highly toxic hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, the US-HEANPs possess a high photothermal conversion effect for converting 808 nm near-infrared light into heat energy. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that under the synergistic effect of POD-like activity and photothermal action, the US-HEANPs can effectively ablate cancer cells and treat tumors. It is believed that this work not only provides a new perspective for the fabrication of HEANPs, but also opens the high-entropy nanozymes research direction and their biomedical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Ai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Qi He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hua Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Sun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, P. R. China
| | - Qionglin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yu C, Lin K, Chen X, Jiang S, Cao Y, Li W, Chen L, An K, Chen Y, Yu D, Kato K, Zhang Q, Gu L, You L, Kuang X, Wu H, Li Q, Deng J, Xing X. Superior zero thermal expansion dual-phase alloy via boron-migration mediated solid-state reaction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3135. [PMID: 37253768 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid progress in modern technologies demands zero thermal expansion (ZTE) materials with multi-property profiles to withstand harsh service conditions. Thus far, the majority of documented ZTE materials have shortcomings in different aspects that limit their practical utilization. Here, we report on a superior isotropic ZTE alloy with collective properties regarding wide operating temperature windows, high strength-stiffness, and cyclic thermal stability. A boron-migration-mediated solid-state reaction (BMSR) constructs a salient "plum pudding" structure in a dual-phase Er-Fe-B alloy, where the precursor ErFe10 phase reacts with the migrated boron and transforms into the target Er2Fe14B (pudding) and α-Fe phases (plum). The formation of such microstructure helps to eliminate apparent crystallographic texture, tailor and form isotropic ZTE, and simultaneously enhance the strength and toughness of the alloy. These findings suggest a promising design paradigm for comprehensive performance ZTE alloys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Suihe Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yili Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ke An
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Dunji Yu
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Kenichi Kato
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-Cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Li You
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaojun Kuang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-6102, US
| | - Qiang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jinxia Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xianran Xing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, and Institute of Solid State Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li T, Liu T, Zhao S, Chen Y, Luan J, Jiao Z, Ritchie RO, Dai L. Ultra-strong tungsten refractory high-entropy alloy via stepwise controllable coherent nanoprecipitations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3006. [PMID: 37230991 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
High-performance refractory alloys with ultrahigh strength and ductility are in demand for a wide range of critical applications, such as plasma-facing components. However, it remains challenging to increase the strength of these alloys without seriously compromising their tensile ductility. Here, we put forward a strategy to "defeat" this trade-off in tungsten refractory high-entropy alloys by stepwise controllable coherent nanoprecipitations (SCCPs). The coherent interfaces of SCCPs facilitate the dislocation transmission and relieve the stress concentrations that can lead to premature crack initiation. As a consequence, our alloy displays an ultrahigh strength of 2.15 GPa with a tensile ductility of 15% at ambient temperature, with a high yield strength of 1.05 GPa at 800 °C. The SCCPs design concept may afford a means to develop a wide range of ultrahigh-strength metallic materials by providing a pathway for alloy design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Tianwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Shiteng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Junhua Luan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zengbao Jiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Lanhong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li Y, Li W, Wang B, Min N, Liu W, Liu H, Jin X, Furuhara T. Transformable nanoprecipitates induced large ductility in a metastable cryogenic steel. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023:S2095-9273(23)00346-8. [PMID: 37248097 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Institute of Advanced Steels and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Advanced Steels and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Bingjun Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Na Min
- Key Laboratory for Microstructures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Microstructures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huibin Liu
- Baosteel Research Institute, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Institute of Advanced Steels and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Tadashi Furuhara
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Barbero A, Moreira Da Silva C, Ortiz Pena N, Kefane N, Jaafar A, Thorey M, Bouaia H, Nelayah J, Wang G, Amara H, Ricolleau C, Huc V, Alloyeau D. Synthesis and structural properties of high-entropy nanoalloys made by physical and chemical routes. Faraday Discuss 2023; 242:129-143. [PMID: 36331026 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00118g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of synthesis methods with enhanced control over the composition, size and atomic structure of High Entropy Nano-Alloys (HENA) could give rise to a new repertoire of nanomaterials with unprecedented functionalities, notably for mechanical, catalytic or hydrogen storage applications. Here, we have developed two original synthesis methods, one by a chemical route and the other by a physical one, to fabricate HENA with a size between 3 and 10 nm and a face centered cubic structure containing three (CoNiPt), four (CoNiPtCu and CoNiPtAu) or five (CoNiPtAuCu) metals close to the equiatomic composition. The key point in the proposed chemical synthesis method is to compensate the difference in reactivity of the different metal precursors by increasing the synthesis temperature using high boiling solvents. Physical syntheses were performed by pulsed laser ablation using a precise alternating deposition of the individual metals on a heated amorphous carbon substrate. Finally, we have exploited aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy to explore the nanophase diagram of these nanostructures and reveal intrinsic thermodynamic properties of those complex nanosystems. In particular, we have shown (i) that the complete mixing of all elements can only occur close to the equiatomic composition and (ii) how the Ostwald ripening during HENA synthesis can induce size-dependent deviations from the equiatomic composition leading to the formation of large core-shell nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barbero
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | | | - Nathaly Ortiz Pena
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Nour Kefane
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures, ONERA - CNRS, Chatillon, France
| | - Abdallah Jaafar
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Maxence Thorey
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Hicham Bouaia
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Jaysen Nelayah
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Guillaume Wang
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Hakim Amara
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France. .,Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, Université de Paris Saclay - CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Christian Ricolleau
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Vincent Huc
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures, ONERA - CNRS, Chatillon, France
| | - Damien Alloyeau
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, 75013 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li Y, Chen Y, Nutor RK, Wang N, Cao Q, Wang X, Zhang D, Jiang JZ. Plasticity Improvement in a Co-Rich Co 40Fe 25Cr 20Ni 15 High-Entropy Alloy via Al Alloying. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1149. [PMID: 36770158 PMCID: PMC9919630 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) can be regulated by altering the stacking fault energy (SFE) through compositional modulation. The Co-rich HEAs, exhibiting deformation twinning and even strain-induced martensitic transformation at room temperature, suffer from insufficient ductility at high strength. In this work, we developed Co-rich (Co40Fe25Cr20Ni15)100-xAlx (x = 0 and 5 at.%) HEAs and investigated their tensile behaviors at room temperature. The addition of Al resulted in a massive improvement in the strength-ductility product, even at similar grain sizes, and also altered the fracture mode from quasi-cleavage to ductile dimple fracture. Interestingly, both alloys were deformed by mechanical twinning, which was also verified by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The MD simulations revealed the SFE increased upon Al addition; however, the slip energy barrier was reduced, which favored the mobility of dislocations and twinning propensity to prolong strain hardening. The present findings provide further insights into the regulation of mechanical properties of HEAs by Al-alloying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Li
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yu Chen
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Raymond Kwesi Nutor
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Nan Wang
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qingping Cao
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dongxian Zhang
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Jiang
- International Center for New-Structured Materials (ICNSM), State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kombaiah B, Zhou Y, Jin K, Manzoor A, Poplawsky JD, Aguiar JA, Bei H, Aidhy DS, Edmondson PD, Zhang Y. Nanoprecipitates to Enhance Radiation Tolerance in High-Entropy Alloys. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3912-3924. [PMID: 36623205 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The growth of advanced energy technologies for power generation is enabled by the design, development, and integration of structural materials that can withstand extreme environments, such as high temperatures, radiation damage, and corrosion. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are a class of structural materials in which suitable chemical elements in four or more numbers are mixed to typically produce single-phase concentrated solid solution alloys (CSAs). Many of these alloys exhibit good radiation tolerance like limited void swelling and hardening up to relatively medium radiation doses (tens of displacements per atom (dpa)); however, at higher radiation damage levels (>50 dpa), some HEAs suffer from considerable void swelling limiting their near-term acceptance for advanced nuclear reactor concepts. In this study, we developed a HEA containing a high density of Cu-rich nanoprecipitates distributed in the HEA matrix. The Cu-added HEA, NiCoFeCrCu0.12, shows excellent void swelling resistance and negligible radiation-induced hardening upon irradiation up to high radiation doses (i.e., higher than 100 dpa). The void swelling resistance of the alloy is measured to be significantly better than NiCoFeCr CSA and austenitic stainless steels. Density functional theory simulations predict lower vacancy and interstitial formation energies at the coherent interfaces between Cu-rich nanoprecipitates and the HEA matrix. The alloy maintained a high sink strength achieved via nanoprecipitates and the coherent interface with the matrix at a high radiation dose (∼50 dpa). From our experiments and simulations, the effective recombination of radiation-produced vacancies and interstitials at the coherent interfaces of the nanoprecipitates is suggested to be the critical mechanism responsible for the radiation tolerance of the alloy. The materials design strategy based on incorporating a high density of interfaces can be applied to high-entropy alloy systems to improve their radiation tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boopathy Kombaiah
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
- Characterization and Post-Irradiation Examination Division, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho83415, United States
| | - Yufan Zhou
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Ke Jin
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Anus Manzoor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming82071, United States
| | - Jonathan D Poplawsky
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Jeffery A Aguiar
- Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho83415, United States
| | - Hongbin Bei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Dilpuneet S Aidhy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina29634, United States
| | - Philip D Edmondson
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
- Department of Materials, Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester,Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, U.K
| | - Yanwen Zhang
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhu Y, Zhang K, Meng Z, Zhang K, Hodgson P, Birbilis N, Weyland M, Fraser HL, Lim SCV, Peng H, Yang R, Wang H, Huang A. Ultrastrong nanotwinned titanium alloys through additive manufacturing. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1258-1262. [PMID: 36109672 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Titanium alloys, widely used in the aerospace, automotive and energy sectors, require complex casting and thermomechanical processing to achieve the high strengths required for load-bearing applications. Here we reveal that additive manufacturing can exploit thermal cycling and rapid solidification to create ultrastrong and thermally stable titanium alloys, which may be directly implemented in service. As demonstrated in a commercial titanium alloy, after simple post-heat treatment, adequate elongation and tensile strengths over 1,600 MPa are achieved. The excellent properties are attributed to the unusual formation of dense, stable and internally twinned nanoprecipitates, which are rarely observed in traditionally processed titanium alloys. These nanotwinned precipitates are shown to originate from a high density of dislocations with a dominant screw character and formed from the additive manufacturing process. The work here paves the way to fabricate structural materials with unique microstructures and excellent properties for broad applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuman Zhu
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Kun Zhang
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhichao Meng
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Hodgson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nick Birbilis
- College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Matthew Weyland
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamish L Fraser
- Center for the Accelerated Maturation of Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samuel Chao Voon Lim
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huizhi Peng
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rui Yang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- Centre for Adaptative System Engineering, School of Creativity and Arts, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Aijun Huang
- Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ruan J, Chen Y, Kobayashi K, Ueshima N, Oikawa K. Investigations on the Phase Transformations, Equilibria and Athermal ω in Ni-Ga-Cr Ternary System. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7617. [PMID: 36363209 PMCID: PMC9653901 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the phase equilibria of the Ni-Ga-Cr ternary system at 850, 1000 and 1150 °C were experimentally investigated to provide the essential data for developing the high-entropy shape memory alloys (HESMAs) containing Ni, Ga and Cr. At 850 °C, in the Ni-rich portion, the B2 phase shows equilibrium with the L12 phase when the Cr content is less than 10.49 at. %, while displaying the equilibrium with L12 and BCC phases when the Cr content increases. The B2 + L12 + BCC changes into B2 + FCC + BCC three-phase equilibria from 850 to 1150 °C, as the L12 phase region becomes narrow with rising temperature. The two-phase equilibrium, B2 + BCC, was found at all the isothermal sections investigated. Other three-phase equilibria were also discovered: B2 + α-Cr3Ga + BCC and Ni2Ga3 + α-Cr3Ga + L at 850 °C, and B2 + α-Cr3Ga + L at 1000 °C. Significantly, an athermal ω intermetallic compound with the space group of P3¯m1 was observed distributing at the B2 phase in the quenched Ni45.98-Ga25.50-Cr28.52, Ni42.23-Ga15.70-Cr42.07 and Ni16.54-Ga13.63-Cr69.83 (at. %) alloys after being annealed at 1150 °C for 10 days. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results reveal that the ω shows a crystallographic orientation of [11¯0]B2//[112¯0]ω; (111)B2//(0001)ω with the B2 parent phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ruan
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuyuan Chen
- Department of Metallurgy, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-aza Aoba 6-6-02, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kosei Kobayashi
- Department of Metallurgy, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-aza Aoba 6-6-02, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Ueshima
- Department of Metallurgy, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-aza Aoba 6-6-02, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Katsunari Oikawa
- Department of Metallurgy, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-aza Aoba 6-6-02, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tseng KK, Huang HH, Wang WR, Yeh JW, Tsai CW. Edge-dislocation-induced ultrahigh elevated-temperature strength of HfMoNbTaW refractory high-entropy alloys. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2022; 23:642-654. [PMID: 36277504 PMCID: PMC9586648 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2129444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over 150 refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have been proposed in the last decade. Early alloys such as MoNbTaW and MoNbTaVW still show an unparalleled yield strength of approximately 400 MPa at 1600°C. However, RHEAs with even elevated high-temperature strength are necessary in aerospace vehicles and nuclear reactors to cope with advanced technology in the future. Here, solid-solution strengthening calculation and melting point prediction are combined to design single-phase RHEA for attaining ultrahigh strength at 1600°C. The results show that Hf0.5MoNbTaW and HfMoNbTaW alloys after fully homogeneous treatment at 2100°C for 2 h reveal a homogenous body-centered cubic phase. HfMoNbTaW alloy exhibits a yield strength of 571 MPa at 1600°C, much higher than that of MoNbTaVW (477 MPa). It is found that a plateau of strength occurs from 800°C to 1200°C, which is important for raising the strength level of RHEAs at high temperatures. This strengthening mechanism is explained with the change of deformation mode from screw to edge dislocations, which contributes an edge-dislocation-induced strength. A similar alloy design strategy could be applied to develop more RHEAs with an ultrahigh strength level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Kai Tseng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- High Entropy Materials Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hao-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Woei-Ren Wang
- Department of Additive Manufacturing Materials & Applications, Division of Metallic Materials Research, Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jien-Wei Yeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- High Entropy Materials Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Che-Wei Tsai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- High Entropy Materials Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ko PH, Lee YJ, Chang SY. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Intergranular Boride Precipitation-Toughened HfMoNbTaTiZr Refractory High-Entropy Alloy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6666. [PMID: 36234008 PMCID: PMC9572892 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To develop strong refractory high-entropy alloys for use at elevated temperatures as well as to overcome grain-boundary brittleness, an equimolar HfMoNbTaTiZr alloy was prepared, and a minor amount of boron (0.1 at.%) was added into the alloy. The microstructures of the alloys were characterized, and their macro-to-microscale mechanical properties were measured. The microstructural observations indicated that the matrices of both the alloys were composed of a body-centered cubic solid-solution structure, and the added boron induced the precipitation of hexagonal close-packed borides (most likely the (Hf, Zr)B2) at the grain boundaries. The modulus and hardness of differently oriented grains were about equivalent, suggesting a diminished anisotropy, and many small slips occurred on multiple {110} planes. While the hardness of the matrix was not increased, the intergranular precipitation of the borides markedly raised the hardness of the grain boundaries. Owing to the enhanced grain boundary cohesion, the work hardenability and ductility were effectively improved with the addition of boron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsu Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jing Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Yi Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- High Entropy Materials Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
A nanodispersion-in-nanograins strategy for ultra-strong, ductile and stable metal nanocomposites. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5581. [PMID: 36151199 PMCID: PMC9508098 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanograined metals have the merit of high strength, but usually suffer from low work hardening capacity and poor thermal stability, causing premature failure and limiting their practical utilities. Here we report a "nanodispersion-in-nanograins" strategy to simultaneously strengthen and stabilize nanocrystalline metals such as copper and nickel. Our strategy relies on a uniform dispersion of extremely fine sized carbon nanoparticles (2.6 ± 1.2 nm) inside nanograins. The intragranular dispersion of nanoparticles not only elevates the strength of already-strong nanograins by 35%, but also activates multiple hardening mechanisms via dislocation-nanoparticle interactions, leading to improved work hardening and large tensile ductility. In addition, these finely dispersed nanoparticles result in substantially enhanced thermal stability and electrical conductivity in metal nanocomposites. Our results demonstrate the concurrent improvement of several mutually exclusive properties in metals including strength-ductility, strength-thermal stability, and strength-electrical conductivity, and thus represent a promising route to engineering high-performance nanostructured materials.
Collapse
|
44
|
Huang C, Yao Y, Chen S. Phase Volume Fraction-Dependent Strengthening in a Nano-Laminated Dual-Phase High-Entropy Alloy. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29675-29683. [PMID: 36061647 PMCID: PMC9435032 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A recently synthesized FCC/HCP nano-laminated dual-phase (NLDP) CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy (HEA) exhibits excellent strength-ductility synergy. However, the underlying strengthening mechanisms of such a novel material is far from being understood. In this work, large-scale atomistic simulations of in-plane tension of the NLDP HEA are carried out in order to explore the HCP phase volume fraction-dependent strengthening. It is found that the dual-phase (DP) structure can significantly enhance the strength of the material, and the strength shows apparent phase volume fraction dependence. The yield stress increases monotonously with the increase of phase volume fraction, resulting from the increased inhibition effect of interphase boundary (IPB) on the nucleation of partial dislocations in the FCC lamella. There exists a critical phase volume fraction, where the flow stress is the largest. The mechanisms for the volume fraction-dependent flow stress include volume fraction-dependent phase strengthening effect, volume fraction-dependent IPB strengthening effect, and volume fraction-dependent IPB softening effect, that is, IPB migration and dislocation nucleation from the dislocation-IPB reaction sites. This work can provide a fundamental understanding for the physical mechanisms of strengthening effects in face-centered cubic HEAs with a nanoscale NLDP structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Institute
of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing
Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multifunctional Composite Materials
and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yin Yao
- Institute
of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing
Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multifunctional Composite Materials
and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Institute
of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing
Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multifunctional Composite Materials
and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xiao B, Luan J, Zhao S, Zhang L, Chen S, Zhao Y, Xu L, Liu CT, Kai JJ, Yang T. Achieving thermally stable nanoparticles in chemically complex alloys via controllable sluggish lattice diffusion. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4870. [PMID: 35982072 PMCID: PMC9388539 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle strengthening provides a crucial basis for developing high-performance structural materials with potentially superb mechanical properties for structural applications. However, the general wisdom often fails to work well due to the poor thermal stability of nanoparticles, and the rapid coarsening of these particles will lead to the accelerated failures of these materials especially at elevated temperatures. Here, we demonstrate a strategy to achieve ultra-stable nanoparticles at 800~1000 °C in a Ni59.9-xCoxFe13Cr15Al6Ti6B0.1 (at.%) chemically complex alloy, resulting from the controllable sluggish lattice diffusion (SLD) effect. Our diffusion kinetic simulations reveal that the Co element leads to a significant reduction in the interdiffusion coefficients of all the main elements, especially for the Al element, with a maximum of up to 5 orders of magnitude. Utilizing first-principles calculations, we further unveil the incompressibility of Al induced by the increased concentration of Co plays a critical role in controlling the SLD effect. These findings are useful for providing advances in the design of novel structural alloys with extraordinary property-microstructure stability combinations for structural applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junhua Luan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shijun Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Shiyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yilu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lianyong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - C T Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ji-Jung Kai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
A mechanically strong and ductile soft magnet with extremely low coercivity. Nature 2022; 608:310-316. [PMID: 35948715 PMCID: PMC9365696 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soft magnetic materials (SMMs) serve in electrical applications and sustainable energy supply, allowing magnetic flux variation in response to changes in applied magnetic field, at low energy loss1. The electrification of transport, households and manufacturing leads to an increase in energy consumption owing to hysteresis losses2. Therefore, minimizing coercivity, which scales these losses, is crucial3. Yet meeting this target alone is not enough: SMMs in electrical engines must withstand severe mechanical loads; that is, the alloys need high strength and ductility4. This is a fundamental design challenge, as most methods that enhance strength introduce stress fields that can pin magnetic domains, thus increasing coercivity and hysteresis losses5. Here we introduce an approach to overcome this dilemma. We have designed a Fe–Co–Ni–Ta–Al multicomponent alloy (MCA) with ferromagnetic matrix and paramagnetic coherent nanoparticles (about 91 nm in size and around 55% volume fraction). They impede dislocation motion, enhancing strength and ductility. Their small size, low coherency stress and small magnetostatic energy create an interaction volume below the magnetic domain wall width, leading to minimal domain wall pinning, thus maintaining the soft magnetic properties. The alloy has a tensile strength of 1,336 MPa at 54% tensile elongation, extremely low coercivity of 78 A m−1 (less than 1 Oe), moderate saturation magnetization of 100 A m2 kg−1 and high electrical resistivity of 103 μΩ cm. An iron–cobalt–nickel–tantalum–aluminium multicomponent alloy with ferromagnetic matrix and paramagnetic coherent nanoparticles is described, showing high tensile strength and ductility, along with very low coercivity.
Collapse
|
47
|
Tailoring Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of the Cr15Fe20Co35Ni20Mo10 High-Entropy Alloy via the Competition between Recrystallization and Precipitation Processes. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A strategy to improve the mechanical and electrochemical properties of Cr15Fe20Co35Ni20Mo10 (Mo10) high-entropy alloys (HEA) by regulating the thermal-mechanical process was investigated. Due to the mutual competition between recrystallization and μ-phase precipitation behavior, the microstructure after annealing consists of recrystallized fine face-centered cubic grains with numerous annealing twins, non-recrystallized deformed grains with high-density dislocations as well as high-density nanoscale μ-phase precipitates. The combination of grain boundary strengthening, precipitation strengthening, and hetero-deformation induced strengthening endowed an ultrahigh yield strength of 1189 MPa and a uniform elongation of 17.5%. The increased yield strength activated the formation of stacking faults and deformation twinning as the additional deformation modes, which enabled the Mo10 HEA to exhibit a high strain-hardening rate and thus maintained superior ductility and enhanced tensile strength. Most importantly, when high-density dislocations accumulate at the phase boundaries, the nanoscale μ-phase can plastically deform by dislocation slips and the formation of stacking faults, which can relieve the high stress concentrations and thus prevent the cracking. The electrochemical properties of the annealed Mo10 HEA are decreased (compared to the homogenized ones), but can be optimized by adjusting the content and size and fraction of the μ-phase. This work sheds light on developing high-performance HEAs.
Collapse
|
48
|
Cho Y, Jung HR, Jo W. Halide perovskite single crystals: growth, characterization, and stability for optoelectronic applications. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9248-9277. [PMID: 35758131 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00513a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, metal halide perovskite materials have received significant attention as promising candidates for optoelectronic applications with tremendous achievements, owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and facile solution-processed fabrication. However, the existence of a large number of grain boundaries in perovskite polycrystalline thin films causes ion migration, surface defects, and instability, which are detrimental to device applications. Compared with their polycrystalline counterparts, perovskite single crystals have been explored to realize stable and excellent properties such as a long diffusion length and low trap density. The development of growth techniques and physicochemical characterizations led to the widespread implementation of perovskite single-crystal structures in optoelectronic applications. In this review, recent progress in the growth techniques of perovskite single crystals, including advanced crystallization methods, is summarized. Additionally, their optoelectronic characterizations are elucidated along with a detailed analysis of their optical properties, carrier transport mechanisms, defect densities, surface morphologies, and stability issues. Furthermore, the promising applications of perovskite single crystals in solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, lasers, and flexible devices are discussed. The development of suitable growth and characterization techniques contributes to the fundamental investigation of these materials and aids in the construction of highly efficient optoelectronic devices based on halide perovskite single crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunae Cho
- New and Renewable Energy Research Centre, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Ri Jung
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - William Jo
- New and Renewable Energy Research Centre, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu L, Chen W, Zheng Y. Flexoresponses of Synthetic Antiferromagnetic Systems Hosting Skyrmions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:257201. [PMID: 35802441 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.257201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While strain gradients break lattice centrosymmetry, ferromagnetism is a time-reversal symmetry breaking product. Flexomagnetic effect in ferromagnets is usually indirect and weak. In this Letter, we reveal a topologically enhanced flexomagnetic effect in synthetic antiferromagnetic systems based on Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and the large deformability of skyrmion. Moreover, the synthetic antiferromagnetic skyrmion exhibits an unexpected Hall effect under strain gradient. We propose that this flexo-Hall effect originates from a geometric Magnus force related to the asymmetric deformation of skyrmion. Our results shed new insights into the flexoresponses in systems hosting topological structures and may open up a new field-"flexoskyrmionics".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, 518107 Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Heterogeneous lattice strain strengthening in severely distorted crystalline solids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200607119. [PMID: 35696570 PMCID: PMC9231497 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200607119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) exhibit outstanding mechanical properties because the core effect of severe atomic lattice distortion is distinctly different from that of traditional alloys. However, at the mesoscopic scale the underlying physics for the abundant dislocation activities responsible for strength-ductility synergy has not been uncovered. While the Eshelby mean-field approaches become insufficient to tackle yielding and plasticity in severely distorted crystalline solids, here we develop a three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics simulation approach by taking into account the experimentally measured lattice strain field from a model FeCoCrNiMn MPEA to explore the heterogeneous strain-induced strengthening mechanisms. Our results reveal that the heterogeneous lattice strain causes unusual dislocation behaviors (i.e., multiple kinks/jogs and bidirectional cross slips), resulting in the strengthening mechanisms that underpin the strength-ductility synergy. The outcome of our research sheds important insights into the design of strong yet ductile distorted crystalline solids, such as high-entropy alloys and high-entropy ceramics.
Collapse
|