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Kieler M, Prammer LS, Heller G, Hofmann M, Sperger S, Hanetseder D, Niederreiter B, Komljenovic A, Klavins K, Köcher T, Brunner JS, Stanic I, Oberbichler L, Korosec A, Vogel A, Kerndl M, Hromadová D, Musiejovsky L, Hajto A, Dobrijevic A, Piwonka T, Haschemi A, Miller A, Georgel P, Marolt Presen D, Grillari J, Hayer S, Auger JP, Krönke G, Sharif O, Aletaha D, Schabbauer G, Blüml S. Itaconate is a metabolic regulator of bone formation in homeostasis and arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224898. [PMID: 38986577 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone remodelling is a highly dynamic process dependent on the precise coordination of osteoblasts and haematopoietic-cell derived osteoclasts. Changes in core metabolic pathways during osteoclastogenesis, however, are largely unexplored and it is unknown whether and how these processes are involved in bone homeostasis. METHODS We metabolically and transcriptionally profiled cells during osteoclast and osteoblast generation. Individual gene expression was characterised by quantitative PCR and western blot. Osteoblast function was assessed by Alizarin red staining. immunoresponsive gene 1 (Irg1)-deficient mice were used in various inflammatory or non-inflammatory models of bone loss. Tissue gene expression was analysed by RNA in situ hybridisation. RESULTS We show that during differentiation preosteoclasts rearrange their tricarboxylic acid cycle, a process crucially depending on both glucose and glutamine. This rearrangement is characterised by the induction of Irg1 and production of itaconate, which accumulates intracellularly and extracellularly. While the IRG1-itaconate axis is dispensable for osteoclast generation in vitro and in vivo, we demonstrate that itaconate stimulates osteoblasts by accelerating osteogenic differentiation in both human and murine cells. This enhanced osteogenic differentiation is accompanied by reduced proliferation and altered metabolism. Additionally, supplementation of itaconate increases bone formation by boosting osteoblast activity in mice. Conversely, Irg1-deficient mice exhibit decreased bone mass and have reduced osteoproliferative lesions in experimental arthritis. CONCLUSION In summary, we identify itaconate, generated as a result of the metabolic rewiring during osteoclast differentiation, as a previously unrecognised regulator of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kieler
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Arginine Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Multiple Sclerosis, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leona Sophia Prammer
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Hofmann
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Arginine Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Multiple Sclerosis, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Sperger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Hanetseder
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Niederreiter
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Komljenovic
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunometabolism and Systems Biology of Obesity-Related Diseases (InSpiReD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristaps Klavins
- Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities, Campus-Vienna-BioCenter 1, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Stefanie Brunner
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Irena Stanic
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Oberbichler
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Korosec
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunometabolism and Systems Biology of Obesity-Related Diseases (InSpiReD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Vogel
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Kerndl
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominika Hromadová
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laszlo Musiejovsky
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Hajto
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Dobrijevic
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunometabolism and Systems Biology of Obesity-Related Diseases (InSpiReD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Tina Piwonka
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arvand Haschemi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Anne Miller
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philippe Georgel
- INSERM UMR_S 1109, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et Hématologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Darja Marolt Presen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Hayer
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-Philippe Auger
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Omar Sharif
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunometabolism and Systems Biology of Obesity-Related Diseases (InSpiReD), Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Schabbauer
- Institute for Vascular Biology, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Arginine Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Multiple Sclerosis, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Blüml
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Vienna, Austria
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Ye D, Wang P, Chen LL, Guan KL, Xiong Y. Itaconate in host inflammation and defense. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:586-606. [PMID: 38448252 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Immune cells undergo rapid and extensive metabolic changes during inflammation. In addition to contributing to energetic and biosynthetic demands, metabolites can also function as signaling molecules. Itaconate (ITA) rapidly accumulates to high levels in myeloid cells under infectious and sterile inflammatory conditions. This metabolite binds to and regulates the function of diverse proteins intracellularly to influence metabolism, oxidative response, epigenetic modification, and gene expression and to signal extracellularly through binding the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Administration of ITA protects against inflammatory diseases and blockade of ITA production enhances antitumor immunity in preclinical models. In this article, we review ITA metabolism and its regulation, discuss its target proteins and mechanisms, and conjecture a rationale for developing ITA-based therapeutics to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ye
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pu Wang
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei-Lei Chen
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xiong
- Cullgen Inc., 12730 High Bluff Drive, San Diego, CA 92130, USA.
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3
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Tiwari P, Verma S, Washimkar KR, Nilakanth Mugale M. Immune cells crosstalk Pathways, and metabolic alterations in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112269. [PMID: 38781610 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) presents a challenging progression characterized by lung tissue scarring and abnormal extracellular matrix deposition. This review examines the influence of immune responses, emphasizing their complex role in initiating and perpetuating fibrosis. It highlights how metabolic pathways modulate immune cell function during IPF. Immune cell modulation holds promise in managing pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Inhibiting neutrophil recruitment and monitoring mast cell levels offer insights into PF progression. Low-dose IL-2 therapy and regulation of fibroblast recruitment present potential therapeutic avenues, while the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in allergic lung inflammation sheds light on disease mechanisms. The review focuses on metabolic reprogramming's role in shaping immune cell function during IPF progression. While some immune cells use glycolysis for pro-inflammatory responses, others favor fatty acid oxidation for regulatory functions. Targeting specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) presents significant potential for managing fibrotic disorders. Additionally, it highlights the pivotal role of amino acid metabolism in synthesizing serine and glycine as crucial regulators of collagen production and exploring the interconnectedness of lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and adipokines in driving fibrotic processes. Moreover, the review discusses the impact of metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes on lung fibrosis. Advocating for a holistic approach, it emphasizes the importance of considering this interplay between immune cell function and metabolic pathways in developing effective and personalized treatments for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Tiwari
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Shobhit Verma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Kaveri R Washimkar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
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Zhu L, Wu Z, Liu Y, Ming Y, Xie P, Jiang M, Qi Y. Acod1/itaconate activates Nrf2 in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells to protect against the obesity-induced pulmonary microvascular endotheliopathy. Respir Res 2024; 25:205. [PMID: 38730297 PMCID: PMC11088094 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is the main risk factor leading to the development of various respiratory diseases, such as asthma and pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) play a significant role in the development of lung diseases. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) mediates the production of itaconate, and Acod1/itaconate axis has been reported to play a protective role in multiple diseases. However, the roles of Acod1/itaconate axis in the PMVECs of obese mice are still unclear. METHODS mRNA-seq was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between high-fat diet (HFD)-induced PMVECs and chow-fed PMVECs in mice (|log2 fold change| ≥ 1, p ≤ 0.05). Free fatty acid (FFA) was used to induce cell injury, inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress in mouse PMVECs after transfection with the Acod1 overexpressed plasmid or 4-Octyl Itaconate (4-OI) administration. In addition, we investigated whether the nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway was involved in the effects of Acod1/itaconate in FFA-induced PMVECs. RESULTS Down-regulated Acod1 was identified in HFD mouse PMVECs by mRNA-seq. Acod1 expression was also reduced in FFA-treated PMVECs. Acod1 overexpression inhibited cell injury, inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by FFA in mouse PMVECs. 4-OI administration showed the consistent results in FFA-treated mouse PMVECs. Moreover, silencing Nrf2 reversed the effects of Acod1 overexpression and 4-OI administration in FFA-treated PMVECs, indicating that Nrf2 activation was required for the protective effects of Acod1/itaconate. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that Acod1/Itaconate axis might protect mouse PMVECs from FFA-induced injury, inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress via activating Nrf2 pathway. It was meaningful for the treatment of obesity-caused pulmonary microvascular endotheliopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuhua Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingli Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ming
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Li D, Zhang X, Song Z, Zhao S, Huang Y, Qian W, Cai X. Advances in common in vitro cellular models of pulmonary fibrosis. Immunol Cell Biol 2024. [PMID: 38714318 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
The development of in vitro models is essential for a comprehensive understanding and investigation of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) at both cellular and molecular levels. This study presents a literature review and an analysis of various cellular models used in scientific studies, specifically focusing on their applications in elucidating the pathogenesis of PF. Our study highlights the importance of taking a comprehensive approach to studing PF, emphasizing the necessity of considering multiple cell types and organs and integrating diverse analytical perspectives. Notably, primary cells demonstrate remarkable cell growth characteristics and gene expression profiles; however, their limited availability, maintenance challenges, inability for continuous propagation and susceptibility to phenotypic changes over time significantly limit their utility in scientific investigation. By contrast, immortalized cell lines are easily accessible, cultured and continuously propagated, although they may have some phenotypic differences from primary cells. Furthermore, in vitro coculture models offer a more practical and precise method to explore complex interactions among cells, tissues and organs. Consequently, when developing models of PF, researchers should thoroughly assess the advantages, limitations and relevant mechanisms of different cell models to ensure their selection is consistent with the research objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Lung Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziqiong Song
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weibin Qian
- Department of Lung Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinrui Cai
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Pervizaj-Oruqaj L, Ferrero MR, Matt U, Herold S. The guardians of pulmonary harmony: alveolar macrophages orchestrating the symphony of lung inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230263. [PMID: 38811033 PMCID: PMC11134199 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0263-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in single-cell sequencing, advancements in cellular and tissue imaging techniques, innovations in cell lineage tracing, and insights into the epigenome collectively illuminate the enigmatic landscape of alveolar macrophages in the lung under homeostasis and disease conditions. Our current knowledge reveals the cellular and functional diversity of alveolar macrophages within the respiratory system, emphasising their remarkable adaptability. By synthesising insights from classical cell and developmental biology studies, we provide a comprehensive perspective on alveolar macrophage functional plasticity. This includes an examination of their ontology-related features, their role in maintaining tissue homeostasis under steady-state conditions and the distinct contribution of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in promoting tissue regeneration and restoring respiratory system homeostasis in response to injuries. Elucidating the signalling pathways within inflammatory conditions, the impact of various triggers on tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs), as well as the recruitment and polarisation of macrophages originating from the bone marrow, presents an opportunity to propose innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the equilibrium between phenotypes to induce programmes associated with a pro-regenerative or homeostasis phenotype of BMDMs or TR-AMs. This, in turn, can lead to the amelioration of disease outcomes and the attenuation of detrimental inflammation. This review comprehensively addresses the pivotal role of macrophages in the orchestration of inflammation and resolution phases after lung injury, as well as ageing-related shifts and the influence of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential mutations on alveolar macrophages, exploring altered signalling pathways and transcriptional profiles, with implications for respiratory homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Learta Pervizaj-Oruqaj
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ulrich Matt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
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Qian Z, Xia M, Zhao T, Li Y, Li G, Zhang Y, Li H, Yang L. ACOD1, rather than itaconate, facilitates p62-mediated activation of Nrf2 in microglia post spinal cord contusion. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1661. [PMID: 38644791 PMCID: PMC11033726 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are crucial events causing neurological dysfunction. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) and its metabolite itaconate (Ita) inhibit inflammation and OS by promoting alkylation of Keap1 to induce Nrf2 expression; however, it is unclear whether there is another pathway regulating their effects in inflammation-activated microglia after SCI. METHODS Adult male C57BL/6 ACOD1-/- mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to a moderate thoracic spinal cord contusion. The degree of neuroinflammation and OS in the injured spinal cord were assessed using qPCR, western blot, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and trans-well assay. We then employed immunoprecipitation-western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR, dual-luciferase assay, and immunofluorescence-confocal imaging to examine the molecular mechanisms of ACOD1. Finally, the locomotor function was evaluated with the Basso Mouse Scale and footprint assay. RESULTS Both in vitro and in vivo, microglia with transcriptional blockage of ACOD1 exhibited more severe levels of neuroinflammation and OS, in which the expression of p62/Keap1/Nrf2 was down-regulated. Furthermore, silencing ACOD1 exacerbated neurological dysfunction in SCI mice. Administration of exogenous Ita or 4-octyl itaconate reduced p62 phosphorylation. Besides, ACOD1 was capable of interacting with phosphorylated p62 to enhance Nrf2 activation, which in turn further promoted transcription of ACOD1. CONCLUSIONS Here, we identified an unreported ACOD1-p62-Nrf2-ACOD1 feedback loop exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-OS in inflammatory microglia, and demonstrated the neuroprotective role of ACOD1 after SCI, which was different from that of endogenous and exogenous Ita. The present study extends the functions of ACOD1 and uncovers marked property differences between endogenous and exogenous Ita. KEY POINTS ACOD1 attenuated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress after spinal cord injury. ACOD1, not itaconate, interacted with p-p62 to facilitate Nrf2 expression and nuclear translocation. Nrf2 was capable of promoting ACOD1 transcription in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyang Qian
- Department of OrthopedicsTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineTaizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Mingjie Xia
- Department of Spine SurgeryNantong First People's HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Department of OrthopedicsTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineTaizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhouChina
- Postgraduate SchoolDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - You Li
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive SurgeryRWTH Aachen University HospitalAachenGermany
| | - Guangshen Li
- Department of OrthopedicsTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineTaizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineTaizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhouChina
- Postgraduate SchoolDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of OrthopedicsTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineTaizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of OrthopedicsTaizhou School of Clinical MedicineTaizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical UniversityTaizhouChina
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8
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O'Reilly S. Emerging therapeutic targets in systemic sclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:465-478. [PMID: 38386070 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02424-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune connective tissue disease which is characterised by vascular perturbations, inflammation, and fibrosis. Although huge progress recently into the underlying molecular pathways that are perturbed in the disease, currently no therapy exists that targets the fibrosis element of the disease and consequently there is a huge unmet medical need. Emerging studies reveal new dimensions of complexity, and multiple aberrant pathways have been uncovered that have shed light on disturbed signalling in the disease, primarily in inflammatory pathways that can be targeted with repurposed drugs. Pre-clinical animal models using these inhibitors have yielded proof of concept for targeting these signalling systems and progressing to clinical trials. This review will examine the recent evidence of new perturbed pathways in SSc and how these can be targeted with new or repurposed drugs to target a currently intractable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven O'Reilly
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, UK.
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Li C, Feng X, Li S, He X, Luo Z, Cheng X, Yao J, Xiao J, Wang X, Wen D, Liu D, Li Y, Zhou H, Ma L, Lin T, Cai X, Lin Y, Guo L, Yang M. Tetrahedral DNA loaded siCCR2 restrains M1 macrophage polarization to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis in chemoradiation-induced murine model. Mol Ther 2024; 32:766-782. [PMID: 38273656 PMCID: PMC10928155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lethal disease in the absence of demonstrated efficacy for preventing progression. Although macrophage-mediated alveolitis is determined to participate in myofibrotic transition during disease development, the paradigm of continuous macrophage polarization is still under-explored due to lack of proper animal models. Here, by integrating 2.5 U/kg intratracheal Bleomycin administration and 10 Gy thorax irradiation at day 7, we generated a murine model with continuous alveolitis-mediated fibrosis, which mimics most of the clinical features of our involved IPF patients. In combination with data from scRNA-seq of patients and a murine IPF model, a decisive role of CCL2/CCR2 axis in driving M1 macrophage polarization was revealed, and M1 macrophage was further confirmed to boost alveolitis in leading myofibroblast activation. Multiple sticky-end tetrahedral framework nucleic acids conjunct with quadruple ccr2-siRNA (FNA-siCCR2) was synthesized in targeting M1 macrophages. FNA-siCCR2 successfully blocked macrophage accumulation in pulmonary parenchyma of the IPF murine model, thus preventing myofibroblast activation and leading to the disease remitting. Overall, our studies lay the groundwork to develop a novel IPF murine model, reveal M1 macrophages as potential therapeutic targets, and establish new treatment strategy by using FNA-siCCR2, which are highly relevant to clinical scenarios and translational research in the field of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaorong Feng
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xing He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zeli Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Wenjiang Hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's, Chengdu 611138, China
| | - Xia Cheng
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dingke Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Duanya Liu
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tongyu Lin
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Mu Yang
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China.
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10
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Luo Z, Sheng Z, Hu L, Shi L, Tian Y, Zhao X, Yang W, Xiao Z, Shen D, Wu W, Lan T, Zhao B, Wang X, Zhuang N, Zhang JN, Wang Y, Lu Y, Wang L, Zhang C, Wang P, An J, Yang F, Li Q. Targeted macrophage phagocytosis by Irg1/itaconate axis improves the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke and peritonitis. EBioMedicine 2024; 101:104993. [PMID: 38324982 PMCID: PMC10862510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are innate immune cells whose phagocytosis function is critical to the prognosis of stroke and peritonitis. cis-aconitic decarboxylase immune-responsive gene 1 (Irg1) and its metabolic product itaconate inhibit bacterial infection, intracellular viral replication, and inflammation in macrophages. Here we explore whether itaconate regulates phagocytosis. METHODS Phagocytosis of macrophages was investigated by time-lapse video recording, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining in macrophage/microglia cultures isolated from mouse tissue. Unbiased RNA-sequencing and ChIP-sequencing assays were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. The effects of Irg1/itaconate axis on the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) and peritonitis was observed in transgenic (Irg1flox/flox; Cx3cr1creERT/+, cKO) mice or control mice in vivo. FINDINGS In a mouse model of ICH, depletion of Irg1 in macrophage/microglia decreased its phagocytosis of erythrocytes, thereby exacerbating outcomes (n = 10 animals/group, p < 0.05). Administration of sodium itaconate/4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) promoted macrophage phagocytosis (n = 7 animals/group, p < 0.05). In addition, in a mouse model of peritonitis, Irg1 deficiency in macrophages also inhibited phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus (n = 5 animals/group, p < 0.05) and aggravated outcomes (n = 9 animals/group, p < 0.05). Mechanistically, 4-OI alkylated cysteine 155 on the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), consequent in nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and transcriptional activation of Cd36 gene. Blocking the function of CD36 completely abolished the phagocytosis-promoting effects of Irg1/itaconate axis in vitro and in vivo. INTERPRETATION Our findings provide a potential therapeutic target for phagocytosis-deficiency disorders, supporting further development towards clinical application for the benefit of stroke and peritonitis patients. FUNDING The National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070735, 82371321 to Q. Li, 82271240 to F. Yang) and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program and Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (KZ202010025033 to Q. Li).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ziyang Sheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liye Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yichen Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaochu Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhongnan Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Danmin Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Boqian Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Nan Zhuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yabin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liyong Wang
- Core Facilities for Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing An
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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11
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Patiño-Martinez E, Nakabo S, Jiang K, Carmona- Rivera C, Tsai WL, Claybaugh D, Yu ZX, Romero A, Bohrnsen E, Schwarz B, Solís-Barbosa MA, Blanco LP, Naqi M, Temesgen-Oyelakim Y, Davis M, Manna Z, Mehta N, Naz F, Brooks S, dell’Orso S, Hasni S, Kaplan MJ. The aconitate decarboxylase 1/itaconate pathway modulates immune dysregulation and associates with cardiovascular disease markers in SLE. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.20.24303097. [PMID: 38605883 PMCID: PMC11007756 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.20.24303097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective The Krebs cycle enzyme Aconitate Decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) mediates itaconate synthesis in myeloid cells.. Previously, we reported that administration of 4-octyl itaconate abrogated lupus phenotype in mice. Here, we explore the role of the endogenous ACOD1/itaconate pathway in the development of murine lupus as well as their relevance in premature cardiovascular damage in SLE. Methods We characterized Acod1 protein expression in bone marrow-derived macrophages and human monocyte-derived macrophages, following a TLR7 agonist (imiquimod, IMQ). Wild type and Acod1-/- mice were exposed to topical IMQ for 5 weeks to induce an SLE phenotype and immune dysregulation was quantified. Itaconate serum levels were quantified in SLE patients and associated to cardiometabolic parameters and disease activity. Results ACOD1 was induced in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and human monocyte-derived macrophages following in vitro TLR7 stimulation. This induction was partially dependent on type I Interferon receptor signaling and specific intracellular pathways. In the IMQ-induced mouse model of lupus, ACOD1 knockout (Acod1-/-) displayed disruptions of the splenic architecture, increased serum anti-dsDNA and proinflammatory cytokine levels, enhanced kidney immune complex deposition and proteinuria, when compared to the IMQ-treated WT mice. Consistent with these results, Acod1-/- BMDM exposed to IMQ showed higher proinflammatory features in vitro. Itaconate levels were decreased in SLE serum compared to healthy control sera, in association with specific perturbed cardiometabolic parameters and subclinical vascular disease. Conclusion These findings suggest that the ACOD1/itaconate pathway plays important immunomodulatory and vasculoprotective roles in SLE, supporting the potential therapeutic role of itaconate analogs in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Patiño-Martinez
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shuichiro Nakabo
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kan Jiang
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS/NIH
| | - Carmelo Carmona- Rivera
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Dillon Claybaugh
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zu-Xi Yu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH
| | - Aracely Romero
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric Bohrnsen
- Protein & Chemistry Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Benjamin Schwarz
- Protein & Chemistry Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Miguel A. Solís-Barbosa
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luz P. Blanco
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Nehal Mehta
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH
| | - Faiza Naz
- Office of Science and Technology, NIAMS/NIH
| | | | | | | | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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12
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Michalaki C, Albers GJ, Byrne AJ. Itaconate as a key regulator of respiratory disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 215:120-125. [PMID: 38018224 PMCID: PMC10847819 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation results in the accumulation of endogenous metabolites capable of adopting immunomodulatory roles; one such bioactive metabolite is itaconate. After macrophage stimulation, the TCA-cycle intermediate cis-aconitate is converted to itaconate (by aconitate decarboxylase-1, ACOD1) in the mitochondrial matrix. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of targeting itaconate as a therapeutic strategy for lung diseases such as asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and respiratory infections. This review aims to bring together evidence which highlights a role for itaconate in chronic lung diseases (such as asthma and pulmonary fibrosis) and respiratory infections (such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection). A better understanding of the role of itaconate in lung disease could pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions and improve patient outcomes in respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Michalaki
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gesa J Albers
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Adam J Byrne
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- School of Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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13
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Ni ST, Li Q, Chen Y, Shi FL, Wong TS, Yuan LS, Xu R, Gan YQ, Lu N, Li YP, Zhou ZY, Xu LH, He XH, Hu B, Ouyang DY. Anti-Necroptotic Effects of Itaconate and its Derivatives. Inflammation 2024; 47:285-306. [PMID: 37759136 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Itaconate is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid that is derived from the decarboxylation of the Krebs cycle intermediate cis-aconitate and has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial/viral properties. But the mechanisms underlying itaconate's anti-inflammatory activities are not fully understood. Necroptosis, a lytic form of regulated cell death (RCD), is mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) signaling. It has been involved in the pathogenesis of organ injury in many inflammatory diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore whether itaconate and its derivatives can inhibit necroptosis in murine macrophages, a mouse MPC-5 cell line and a human HT-29 cell line in response to different necroptotic activators. Our results showed that itaconate and its derivatives dose-dependently inhibited necroptosis, among which dimethyl itaconate (DMI) was the most effective one. Mechanistically, itaconate and its derivatives inhibited necroptosis by suppressing the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling and the oligomerization of MLKL. Furthermore, DMI promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 that is a critical regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis, and reduced the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide (mtROS) that were induced by necroptotic activators. Consistently, DMI prevented the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential induced by the necroptotic activators. In addition, DMI mitigated caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice accompanied by reduced activation of the necroptotic signaling in vivo. Collectively, our study demonstrates that itaconate and its derivatives can inhibit necroptosis by suppressing the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling, highlighting their potential applications for treating necroptosis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Tao Ni
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fu-Li Shi
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tak-Sui Wong
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Li-Sha Yuan
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ying-Qing Gan
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Na Lu
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ya-Ping Li
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Ya Zhou
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li-Hui Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xian-Hui He
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, 517000, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Dong-Yun Ouyang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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14
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Chen Y, Li Z, Ji G, Wang S, Mo C, Ding B. Lung regeneration: diverse cell types and the therapeutic potential. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e494. [PMID: 38405059 PMCID: PMC10885188 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung tissue has a certain regenerative ability and triggers repair procedures after injury. Under controllable conditions, lung tissue can restore normal structure and function. Disruptions in this process can lead to respiratory system failure and even death, causing substantial medical burden. The main types of respiratory diseases are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Multiple cells, such as lung epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells, are involved in regulating the repair process after lung injury. Although the mechanism that regulates the process of lung repair has not been fully elucidated, clinical trials targeting different cells and signaling pathways have achieved some therapeutic effects in different respiratory diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the cell type involved in the process of lung regeneration and repair, research models, and summarize molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of lung regeneration and fibrosis. Moreover, we discuss the current clinical trials of stem cell therapy and pharmacological strategies for COPD, IPF, and ARDS treatment. This review provides a reference for further research on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of lung regeneration, drug development, and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhen Li
- The Department of Endovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Gaili Ji
- Department of GynecologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shaochi Wang
- Department of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bi‐Sen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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15
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Zou X, Wu M, Tu M, Tan X, Long Y, Xu Y, Li M. 4-octyl itaconate inhibits high glucose induced renal tubular epithelial cell fibrosis through TGF-β-ROS pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2024; 44:27-34. [PMID: 38660706 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2024.2341678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and has become the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease, causing serious health damage and a huge economic burden. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis play important role in the development of DKD. Itaconate, a macrophage-specific metabolite, has been reported to have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unknown whether it perform anti-fibrotic effect in renal tubular epithelial cells. In this current study, we observed that in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK2), high glucose induced an increase in transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) production, and upregulated the expressions of fibronectin and collagen I through the TGF-β receptor as verified by administration of TGF-β receptor blocker LY2109761. Treatment with 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a derivant of itaconic acid, reduced the TGF-β production induced by high glucose and inhibited the pro-fibrotic effect of TGF-β in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we found that 4-OI exerted its anti-fibrotic effect by inhibiting the excessive production of ROS induced by high glucose and TGF-β. In summary, 4-OI could ameliorate high glucose-induced pro-fibrotic effect in HK2 cell, and blocking the expression of TGF-β and reducing the excessive ROS production may be involved in its anti-fibrotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Maoyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chengdu BOE Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengqin Tu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaozhen Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Long
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxiu Li
- The Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
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16
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Yin M, Wadhwa R, Marshall JE, Gillis CM, Kim RY, Dua K, Palsson-McDermott EM, Fallon PG, Hansbro PM, O'Neill LAJ. 4-Octyl Itaconate Alleviates Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation by Suppressing Chemokines and Eosinophil Development. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:13-23. [PMID: 37991425 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI) is a derivative of the Krebs cycle-derived metabolite itaconate and displays an array of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties through modifying cysteine residues within protein targets. We have found that 4-OI significantly reduces the production of eosinophil-targeted chemokines in a variety of cell types, including M1 and M2 macrophages, Th2 cells, and A549 respiratory epithelial cells. Notably, the suppression of these chemokines in M1 macrophages was found to be NRF2-dependent. In addition, 4-OI can interfere with IL-5 signaling and directly affect eosinophil differentiation. In a model of eosinophilic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice, 4-OI alleviated airway resistance and reduced eosinophil recruitment to the lungs. Our findings suggest that itaconate derivatives could be promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Yin
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jacqueline E Marshall
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Caitlin M Gillis
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Y Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eva M Palsson-McDermott
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Padraic G Fallon
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luke A J O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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17
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Li Y, Li B, Xiao X, Qian Q, Wang R, Lyu Z, Chen R, Cui N, Ou Y, Pu X, Miao Q, Wang Q, Lian M, Gershwin ME, Tang R, Ma X, You Z. Itaconate inhibits CD103 + T RM cells and alleviates hepatobiliary injury in mouse models of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Hepatology 2024; 79:25-38. [PMID: 37505225 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic progressive liver disease characterized by the infiltration of intrahepatic tissue-resident memory CD8 + T cells (T RM ). Itaconate has demonstrated therapeutic potential in modulating inflammation. An unmet need for PSC is the reduction of biliary inflammation, and we hypothesized that itaconate may directly modulate pathogenic T RM . APPROACH AND RESULTS The numbers of intrahepatic CD103 + T RM were evaluated by immunofluorescence in PSC (n = 32), and the serum levels of itaconate in PSC (n = 64), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) (n = 60), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) (n = 49), and healthy controls (n = 109) were determined by LC-MS/MS. In addition, the frequencies and immunophenotypes of intrahepatic T RM using explants from PSC (n = 5) and healthy donors (n = 6) were quantitated by flow cytometry. The immunomodulatory properties of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI, a cell-permeable itaconate derivative) on CD103 + T RM were studied in vitro. Finally, the therapeutic potential of itaconate was studied by the administration of 4-OI and deficiency of immune-responsive gene 1 (encodes the aconitate decarboxylase producing itaconate) in murine models of PSC. Intrahepatic CD103 + T RM was significantly expanded in PSC and was positively correlated with disease severity. Serum itaconate levels decreased in PSC. Importantly, 4-OI inhibited the induction and effector functions of CD103 + T RM in vitro. Mechanistically, 4-OI blocked DNA demethylation of RUNX3 in CD8 + T cells. Moreover, 4-OI reduced intrahepatic CD103 + T RM and ameliorated liver injury in murine models of PSC. CONCLUSIONS Itaconate exerted immunomodulatory activity on CD103 + T RM in both in vitro and murine PSC models. Our study suggests that targeting pathogenic CD103 + T RM with itaconate has therapeutic potential in PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Bo Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Qiwei Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Zhuwan Lyu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Ruiling Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Nana Cui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Yiyan Ou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Xiting Pu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Qi Miao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Qixia Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Min Lian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ruqi Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Xiong Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Zhengrui You
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
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18
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Song J, Zhang Y, Frieler RA, Andren A, Wood S, Tyrrell DJ, Sajjakulnukit P, Deng JC, Lyssiotis CA, Mortensen RM, Salmon M, Goldstein DR. Itaconate suppresses atherosclerosis by activating a Nrf2-dependent antiinflammatory response in macrophages in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e173034. [PMID: 38085578 PMCID: PMC10849764 DOI: 10.1172/jci173034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Itaconate has emerged as a critical immunoregulatory metabolite. Here, we examined the therapeutic potential of itaconate in atherosclerosis. We found that both itaconate and the enzyme that synthesizes it, aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1, also known as immune-responsive gene 1 [IRG1]), are upregulated during atherogenesis in mice. Deletion of Acod1 in myeloid cells exacerbated inflammation and atherosclerosis in vivo and resulted in an elevated frequency of a specific subset of M1-polarized proinflammatory macrophages in the atherosclerotic aorta. Importantly, Acod1 levels were inversely correlated with clinical occlusion in atherosclerotic human aorta specimens. Treating mice with the itaconate derivative 4-octyl itaconate attenuated inflammation and atherosclerosis induced by high cholesterol. Mechanistically, we found that the antioxidant transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), was required for itaconate to suppress macrophage activation induced by oxidized lipids in vitro and to decrease atherosclerotic lesion areas in vivo. Overall, our work shows that itaconate suppresses atherogenesis by inducing Nrf2-dependent inhibition of proinflammatory responses in macrophages. Activation of the itaconate pathway may represent an important approach to treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ryan A. Frieler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anthony Andren
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sherri Wood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel J. Tyrrell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Peter Sajjakulnukit
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center
| | - Jane C. Deng
- Graduate Program in Immunology, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Richard M. Mortensen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pharmacology
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes
| | | | - Daniel R. Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology, and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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19
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Russo RC, Quesniaux VFJ, Ryffel B. Homeostatic chemokines as putative therapeutic targets in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:1014-1030. [PMID: 37951789 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal chronic interstitial lung disease (ILD) that affects lung mechanical functions and gas exchange. IPF is caused by increased fibroblast activity and collagen deposition that compromise the alveolar-capillary barrier. Identifying an effective therapy for IPF remains a clinical challenge. Chemokines are key proteins in cell communication that have functions in immunity as well as in tissue homeostasis, damage, and repair. Chemokine receptor signaling induces the activation and proliferation of lung-resident cells, including alveolar macrophages (AMs) and fibroblasts. AMs are an important source of chemokines and cytokines during IPF. We highlight the complexity of this system and, based on insights from genetic and transcriptomic studies, propose a new role for homeostatic chemokine imbalance in IPF, with implications for putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo C Russo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Valerie F J Quesniaux
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7355, University of Orleans, Orleans 45071, France.
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics (INEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7355, University of Orleans, Orleans 45071, France.
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20
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Ryan DG, Peace CG, Hooftman A. Basic Mechanisms of Immunometabolites in Shaping the Immune Response. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:925-943. [PMID: 37995666 PMCID: PMC10730108 DOI: 10.1159/000535452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate immune cells play a crucial role in responding to microbial infections, but their improper activation can also drive inflammatory disease. For this reason, their activation state is governed by a multitude of factors, including the metabolic state of the cell and, more specifically, the individual metabolites which accumulate intracellularly and extracellularly. This relationship is bidirectional, as innate immune cell activation by pathogen-associated molecular patterns causes critical changes in cellular metabolism. SUMMARY In this review, we describe the emergence of various "immunometabolites." We outline the general characteristics of these immunometabolites, the conditions under which they accumulate, and their subsequent impact on immune cells. We delve into well-studied metabolites of recent years, such as succinate and itaconate, as well as newly emerging immunometabolites, such as methylglyoxal. KEY MESSAGES We hope that this review may be used as a framework for further studies dissecting the mechanisms by which immunometabolites regulate the immune system and provide an outlook to harnessing these mechanisms in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Gerard Ryan
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christian Graham Peace
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexander Hooftman
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Tomlinson KL, Chen YT, Junker A, Urso A, Wong Fok Lung T, Ahn D, Hofstaedter CE, Baskota SU, Ernst RK, Prince A, Riquelme SA. Ketogenesis promotes tolerance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1767-1781.e6. [PMID: 37793346 PMCID: PMC10558090 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of pulmonary infection. As a Gram-negative pathogen, it can initiate a brisk and highly destructive inflammatory response; however, most hosts become tolerant to the bacterial burden, developing chronic infection. Using a murine model of pneumonia, we demonstrate that this shift from inflammation to disease tolerance is promoted by ketogenesis. In response to pulmonary infection, ketone bodies are generated in the liver and circulate to the lungs where they impose selection for P. aeruginosa strains unable to display surface lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Such keto-adapted LPS strains fail to activate glycolysis and tissue-damaging cytokines and, instead, facilitate mitochondrial catabolism of fats and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which maintains airway homeostasis. Within the lung, P. aeruginosa exploits the host immunometabolite itaconate to further stimulate ketogenesis. This environment enables host-P. aeruginosa coexistence, supporting both pathoadaptive changes in the bacteria and the maintenance of respiratory integrity via OXPHOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Tomlinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ying-Tsun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alex Junker
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - AndreaCarola Urso
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Danielle Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Casey E Hofstaedter
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Swikrity U Baskota
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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22
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Ben-Arosh H, Avraham R. Tissue-specific macrophage immunometabolism. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 84:102369. [PMID: 37473458 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are phagocytic cells distributed across tissues that sustain homeostasis by constantly probing their local environment. Upon perturbations, macrophages rewire their energy metabolism to execute their immune programs. Intensive research in the field of immunometabolism highlights cell-intrinsic immunometabolites such as succinate and itaconate as immunomodulatory signals. A role for cell-extrinsic stimuli now emerges with evidence for signals that shape macrophages' metabolism in a tissue-specific manner. In this review, we will cover macrophage immunometabolism in the gut, a complex metabolic and immunologically active tissue. During homeostasis, gut macrophages are constantly exposed to pro-inflammatory ligands from the microbiota, and in contrast, are balanced by microbiota-derived anti-inflammatory metabolites. Given their extensive metabolic changes during activation, spatial analyses of the tissue will allow the characterization of metabolic niches of macrophage in the gut. Identifying metabolic perturbations of macrophage subsets during chronic inflammation and infection can direct future tissue-specific metabolotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Ben-Arosh
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Roi Avraham
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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23
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Perrot CY, Karampitsakos T, Herazo-Maya JD. Monocytes and macrophages: emerging mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets in pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1046-C1057. [PMID: 37694283 PMCID: PMC10635664 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00302.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis results from a plethora of abnormal pathogenetic events. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), inhalational, environmental, or occupational exposures in genetically and epigenetically predisposed individuals trigger recurrent cycles of alveolar epithelial cell injury, activation of coagulation pathways, chemoattraction, and differentiation of monocytes into monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo-AMs). When these events happen intermittently and repeatedly throughout the individual's life cycle, the wound repair process becomes aberrant leading to bronchiolization of distal air spaces, fibroblast accumulation, extracellular matrix deposition, and loss of the alveolar-capillary architecture. The role of immune dysregulation in IPF pathogenesis and progression has been underscored in the past mainly after the disappointing results of immunosuppressant use in IPF patients; however, recent reports highlighting the prognostic and mechanistic roles of monocytes and Mo-AMs revived the interest in immune dysregulation in IPF. In this review, we will discuss the role of these cells in the onset and progression of IPF, as well as potential targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Y Perrot
- Ubben Center for Pulmonary Fibrosis Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Theodoros Karampitsakos
- Ubben Center for Pulmonary Fibrosis Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Jose D Herazo-Maya
- Ubben Center for Pulmonary Fibrosis Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
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24
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Pokhreal D, Crestani B, Helou DG. Macrophage Implication in IPF: Updates on Immune, Epigenetic, and Metabolic Pathways. Cells 2023; 12:2193. [PMID: 37681924 PMCID: PMC10486697 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology with a poor prognosis. It is a chronic and progressive disease that has a distinct radiological and pathological pattern from common interstitial pneumonia. The use of immunosuppressive medication was shown to be completely ineffective in clinical trials, resulting in years of neglect of the immune component. However, recent developments in fundamental and translational science demonstrate that immune cells play a significant regulatory role in IPF, and macrophages appear to be among the most crucial. These highly plastic cells generate multiple growth factors and mediators that highly affect the initiation and progression of IPF. In this review, we will provide an update on the role of macrophages in IPF through a systemic discussion of various regulatory mechanisms involving immune receptors, cytokines, metabolism, and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Pokhreal
- Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Inserm U1152, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Inserm U1152, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
- FHU APOLLO, Service de Pneumologie A, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 75877 Paris, France
| | - Doumet Georges Helou
- Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Inserm U1152, UFR de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
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25
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Forde AJ, Kolter J, Zwicky P, Baasch S, Lohrmann F, Eckert M, Gres V, Lagies S, Gorka O, Rambold AS, Buescher JM, Kammerer B, Lachmann N, Prinz M, Groß O, Pearce EJ, Becher B, Henneke P. Metabolic rewiring tunes dermal macrophages in staphylococcal skin infection. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadg3517. [PMID: 37566679 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adg3517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The skin needs to balance tolerance of colonizing microflora with rapid detection of potential pathogens. Flexible response mechanisms would seem most suitable to accommodate the dynamic challenges of effective antimicrobial defense and restoration of tissue homeostasis. Here, we dissected macrophage-intrinsic mechanisms and microenvironmental cues that tune macrophage signaling in localized skin infection with the colonizing and opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Early in skin infection, the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) produced by γδ T cells and hypoxic conditions within the dermal microenvironment diverted macrophages away from a homeostatic M-CSF- and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)-dependent program. This allowed macrophages to be metabolically rewired for maximal inflammatory activity, which requires expression of Irg1 and generation of itaconate, but not HIF-1α. This multifactorial macrophage rewiring program was required for both the timely clearance of bacteria and for the provision of local immune memory. These findings indicate that immunometabolic conditioning allows dermal macrophages to cycle between antimicrobial activity and protection against secondary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron James Forde
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Kolter
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascale Zwicky
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Baasch
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florens Lohrmann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marleen Eckert
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vitka Gres
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lagies
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- 1 Core Competence Metabolomics, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Gorka
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Angelika S Rambold
- Department of Developmental Immunology, Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joerg M Buescher
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- 1 Core Competence Metabolomics, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centre's BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology and Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centre's BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Groß
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centre's BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Henneke
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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26
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Nie Y, Zhai X, Li J, Sun A, Che H, Christman JW, Chai G, Zhao P, Karpurapu M. NFATc3 Promotes Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis by Regulating Production of CCL2 and CXCL2 in Macrophages. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1441-1457. [PMID: 37523510 PMCID: PMC10389814 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and highly lethal inflammatory interstitial lung disease characterized by aberrant extracellular matrix deposition. Macrophage activation by cytokines released from repetitively injured alveolar epithelial cells regulates the inflammatory response, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis throughout various phases of IPF. Our previous studies demonstrate that nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic member 3 (NFATc3) regulates a wide array of macrophage genes during acute lung injury pathogenesis. However, the role of NFATc3 in IPF pathophysiology has not been previously reported. In the current study, we demonstrate that expression of NFATc3 is elevated in lung tissues and pulmonary macrophages in mice subjected to bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and IPF patients. Remarkably, NFATc3 deficiency (NFATc3+/-) was protective in bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury and fibrosis. Adoptive transfer of NFATc3+/+ macrophages to NFATc3+/- mice restored susceptibility to BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, in vitro treatment with IL-33 or conditioned medium from BLM-treated epithelial cells increased production of CCL2 and CXCL2 in macrophages from NFATc3+/+ but not NFATc3+/- mice. CXCL2 promoter-pGL3 Luciferase reporter vector showed accentuated reporter activity when co-transfected with the NFATc3 expression vector. More importantly, exogenous administration of recombinant CXCL2 into NFATc3+/- mice increased fibrotic markers and exacerbated IPF phenotype in BLM treated mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate, for the first time, that NFATc3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by regulating CCL2 and CXCL2 gene expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Nie
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xiaorun Zhai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Aijuan Sun
- Department of Pathology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China.
| | - Huilian Che
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - John W Christman
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| | - Gaoshang Chai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Manjula Karpurapu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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27
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Fan K, Chen K, Zan X, Zhi Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Qiu J, Liu G, Li L, Tang L, Hu K, Wan J, Gong X, Yang Y, Zhang L. Negative regulation of pro-apoptotic AMPK/JNK pathway by itaconate in mice with fulminant liver injury. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:486. [PMID: 37524706 PMCID: PMC10390640 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that metabolic responses are deeply integrated into signal transduction, which provides novel opportunities for the metabolic control of various disorders. Recent studies suggest that itaconate, a highly concerned bioactive metabolite catalyzed by immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1), is profoundly involved in the regulation of apoptosis, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. In the present study, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the apoptosis-modulatory activities of IRG1/itaconate have been investigated in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-Gal)-induced apoptotic liver injury. The results indicated that LPS/D-Gal exposure upregulated the level of IRG1 and itaconate. Deletion of IRG1 resulted in exacerbated hepatocytes apoptosis and liver injury. The phospho-antibody microarray analysis and immunoblot analysis indicated that IRG1 deletion enhanced the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in LPS/D-Gal exposed mice. Mechanistically, IRG1 deficiency impaired the anti-oxidative nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling and then enhanced the activation of the redox-sensitive AMPK/JNK pathway that promotes hepatocytes apoptosis. Importantly, post-insult supplementation with 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a cell-permeable derivate of itaconate, resulted in beneficial outcomes in fulminant liver injury. Therefore, IRG1/itaconate might function as a negative regulator that controls AMPK-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in LPS/D-Gal-induced fulminant liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerui Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyan Zan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Zhi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghuan Qiu
- Department of Emergency, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Emergency, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianqiong Gong
- Hepatology Center, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Tseng CC, Sung YW, Chen KY, Wang PY, Yen CY, Sung WY, Wu CC, Ou TT, Tsai WC, Liao WT, Chen CJ, Lee SC, Chang SJ, Yen JH. The Role of Macrophages in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Focusing on Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11995. [PMID: 37569370 PMCID: PMC10419312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a severe manifestation of CTD that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Clinically, ILD can occur in diverse CTDs. Pathologically, CTD-ILD is characterized by various histologic patterns, such as nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, and usual interstitial pneumonia. Abnormal immune system responses have traditionally been instrumental in its pathophysiology, and various changes in immune cells have been described, especially in macrophages. This article first briefly overviews the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, impacts, and histopathologic changes associated with CTD-ILD. Next, it summarizes the roles of various signaling pathways in macrophages or products of macrophages in ILD, helped by insights gained from animal models. In the following sections, this review returns to studies of macrophages in CTD-ILD in humans for an overall picture of the current understanding. Finally, we direct attention to potential therapies targeting macrophages in CTD-ILD in investigation or in clinical trials, as well as the future directions regarding macrophages in the context of CTD-ILD. Although the field of macrophages in CTD-ILD is still in its infancy, several lines of evidence suggest the potential of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Sung
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yi Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Yen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Sung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Teng Ou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chan Tsai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
| | - Su-Chen Lee
- Laboratory Diagnosis of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Jen Chang
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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29
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Lv L, Jiang H, Song D, Zhou X, Chen F, Ren L, Xie Y, Zeng M. Sirt3 improves monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by suppressing Acod1 expression. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:121. [PMID: 37468929 PMCID: PMC10354977 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed that Sirt3 deficiency is associated with several inflammatory responses. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and potential molecular mechanisms of Sirt3 in the inflammation induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. METHODS The Sirt3 expression level in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with gout was measured. Function and molecular mechanism of Sirt3 in MSU crystal-induced inflammation were investigated in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), C57BL/6 mouse, and Sirt3-/- mouse. RESULTS Sirt3 expression was decreased in the PBMCs of patients with gout. Sirt3 agonist (Viniferin) inhibited the acetylation levels of mitochondrial proteins including the SOD2 protein. RNA sequencing, bio-informatics analysis, RT-PCR, and Western blot demonstrated that Sirt3 could suppress the expression of Acod1 (Irg1), which plays an important role in gout. In BMDMs treated with palmitic acid (C16:0) plus MSU crystals, Acod1 knockdown repressed mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) over-production, macrophage migration, and mitochondrial fragmentation, and Acod1 improved AMPK activity. The over-expression of Acod1 did not significantly affect the level of itaconic acid, but greatly decreased the levels of some important intermediate metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These data indicate that Acod1 exerts a pro-inflammatory role in MSU crystal-induced inflammation and is independent of the metabolic level of itaconic acid. Sirt3 deficiency exacerbates inflammatory response induced by MSU crystals in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION The current study has shown that Sirt3 can alleviate the MSU crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting the expression of Acod1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi Lv
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Dianze Song
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Long Ren
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Nanchong City, 21# Bajiao Street, Nanchong, 637100, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongen Xie
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China.
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China.
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Nanchong City, 21# Bajiao Street, Nanchong, 637100, Sichuan, China.
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30
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Ferreira AV, Kostidis S, Groh LA, Koeken VACM, Bruno M, Baydemir I, Kilic G, Bulut Ö, Andriopoulou T, Spanou V, Synodinou KD, Gkavogianni T, Moorlag SJCFM, Charlotte de Bree L, Mourits VP, Matzaraki V, Koopman WJH, van de Veerdonk FL, Renieris G, Giera M, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Novakovic B, Domínguez-Andrés J. Dimethyl itaconate induces long-term innate immune responses and confers protection against infection. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112658. [PMID: 37330914 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Itaconate is an immunomodulatory metabolite produced by immune cells under microbial stimulation and certain pro-inflammatory conditions and triggers antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. We show that dimethyl itaconate, a derivative of itaconate previously linked to suppression of inflammation and widely employed as an alternative to the endogenous metabolite, can induce long-term transcriptional, epigenomic, and metabolic changes, characteristic of trained immunity. Dimethyl itaconate alters glycolytic and mitochondrial energetic metabolism, ultimately leading to increased responsiveness to microbial ligand stimulation. Subsequently, mice treated with dimethyl itaconate present increased survival to infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, itaconate levels in human plasma correlate with enhanced ex vivo pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that dimethyl itaconate displays short-term anti-inflammatory characteristics and the capacity to induce long-term trained immunity. This pro-and anti-inflammatory dichotomy of dimethyl itaconate is likely to induce complex immune responses and should be contemplated when considering itaconate derivatives in a therapeutic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaísa V Ferreira
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sarantos Kostidis
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laszlo A Groh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; TWINCORE, a Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany; Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, a Joint Venture Between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mariolina Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilayda Baydemir
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gizem Kilic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Özlem Bulut
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Theano Andriopoulou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Victoria Spanou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi D Synodinou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Theologia Gkavogianni
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - L Charlotte de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Matzaraki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank L van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Georgios Renieris
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Boris Novakovic
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Chang X, Liu C, Han YM, Li QL, Guo B, Jiang HL. Efficient transfected liposomes co-loaded with pNrf2 and pirfenidone improves safe delivery for enhanced pulmonary fibrosis reversion. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:415-431. [PMID: 37159604 PMCID: PMC10163678 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an interstitial lung disease with complex pathological mechanism, and there is currently a lack of therapeutics that can heal it completely. Using gene therapy with drugs provides promising therapeutic strategies for synergistically reversing PF. However, improving the intracellular accumulation and transfection efficiency of therapeutic nucleic acids is still a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Herein, we developed lipid nanoparticles (PEDPs) with high transfection efficiency coloaded with pDNA of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (pNrf2) and pirfenidone (PFD) for PF therapy. PEDPs can penetrate biological barriers, accumulate at the target, and exert therapeutic effects, eventually alleviating the oxidative stress imbalance in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs II) and inhibiting myofibroblast overactivation through the synergistic effects of Nrf2 combined with PFD, thus reversing PF. In addition, we systematically engineered various liposomes (LNPs), demonstrated that reducing the polyethylene glycol (PEG) proportion could significantly improve the uptake and transfection efficiency of the LNPs, and proposed a possible mechanism for this influence. This study clearly reveals that controlling the composition ratio of PEG in PEDPs can efficiently deliver therapeutics into AECs II, improve pNrf2 transfection, and synergize with PFD in a prospective strategy to reverse PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
- Technological Innovation Center of Liaoning Pharmaceutical Action and Quality Evaluation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Yu-Mo Han
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Qiu-Ling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Bin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substances, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
- Technological Innovation Center of Liaoning Pharmaceutical Action and Quality Evaluation, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, China
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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32
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Rajesh R, Atallah R, Bärnthaler T. Dysregulation of metabolic pathways in pulmonary fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108436. [PMID: 37150402 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disorder of unknown origin and the most common interstitial lung disease. It progresses with the recruitment of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that contribute to the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, leading to the loss of compliance and alveolar integrity, compromising the gas exchange capacity of the lung. Moreover, while there are therapeutics available, they do not offer a cure. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify better therapeutic targets. With the advent of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, the cellular mechanisms underlying disease progression are better understood. Metabolic homeostasis is one such factor and its dysregulation has been shown to impact the outcome of IPF. Several metabolic pathways involved in the metabolism of lipids, protein and carbohydrates have been implicated in IPF. While metabolites are crucial for the generation of energy, it is now appreciated that metabolites have several non-metabolic roles in regulating cellular processes such as proliferation, signaling, and death among several other functions. Through this review, we succinctly elucidate the role of several metabolic pathways in IPF. Moreover, we also discuss potential therapeutics which target metabolism or metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Rajesh
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Reham Atallah
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bärnthaler
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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33
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Wu YX, Zhang YR, Jiang FJ, He S, Zhang YL, Chen D, Tong Y, Nie YJ, Pang QF. 4-OI ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activating Nrf2 and suppressing macrophage-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01733-z. [PMID: 37169970 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and refractory interstitial lung disease with limited therapeutic options. 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a cell-permeable derivative of itaconate, has been shown to have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect and the underlying mechanism of 4-OI on PF are still unknown. METHODS WT or Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2-/-) mice were intratracheally injected with bleomycin (BLM) to establish PF model and then treated with 4-OI. The mechanism study was performed by using RAW264.7 cells, primary macrophages, and conditional medium-cultured MLE-12 cells. RESULTS 4-OI significantly alleviated BLM-induced PF and EMT process. Mechanism studies have found that 4-OI can not only directly inhibit EMT process, but also can reduce the production of TGF-β1 by restraining macrophage M2 polarization, which in turn inhibits EMT process. Moreover, the effect of 4-OI on PF and EMT depends on Nrf2. CONCLUSION 4-OI ameliorates BLM-induced PF in an Nrf2-dependent manner, and its role in alleviating PF is partly due to the direct inhibition on EMT, and partly through indirect inhibition of M2-mediated EMT. These findings suggested that 4-OI has great clinical potential to develop as a new anti-fibrotic agent for PF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xian Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Juan Jiang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai He
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Li Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tong
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Juan Nie
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing-Feng Pang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Li Z, Zheng W, Kong W, Zeng T. Itaconate: A Potent Macrophage Immunomodulator. Inflammation 2023:10.1007/s10753-023-01819-0. [PMID: 37142886 PMCID: PMC10159227 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01819-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
With advances in immunometabolic studies, more and more evidence has shown that metabolic changes profoundly affect the immune function of macrophages. The tricarboxylic acid cycle is a central metabolic pathway of cells. Itaconate, a byproduct of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an emerging metabolic small molecule that regulates macrophage inflammation and has received much attention for its potent anti-inflammatory effects in recent years. Itaconate regulates macrophage function through multiple mechanisms and has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential in a variety of immune and inflammatory diseases. New progress in the mechanism of itaconate continues to be made, but it also implies complexity in its action and a need for a more comprehensive understanding of its role in macrophages. In this article, we review the primary mechanisms and current research progress of itaconate in regulating macrophage immune metabolism, hoping to provide new insights and directions for future research and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbin Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tianshu Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, China.
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Wu YT, Xu WT, Zheng L, Wang S, Wei J, Liu MY, Zhou HP, Li QF, Shi X, Lv X. 4-octyl itaconate ameliorates alveolar macrophage pyroptosis against ARDS via rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction and suppressing the cGAS/STING pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110104. [PMID: 37004345 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a high-mortality pulmonary disorder characterized by an intense inflammatory response and a cytokine storm. As of yet, there is no proven effective therapy for ARDS. Itaconate, an immunomodulatory derivative accumulated during inflammatory macrophage activation, has attracted widespread attention for its potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. This study pointed to explore the protective impacts of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) on ARDS. The results showed that lung injury was attenuated markedly after 4-OI pre-treatment, as represented by decreased pulmonary edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and production of inflammatory factors. LPS stimulation induced NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in vitro and in vivo, as represented by the cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), IL-18 and IL-1β release, and these changes could be prevented by 4-OI pretreatment. Mechanistically, 4-OI eliminated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and mtDNA escaping to the cytosol through the opening mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) under oxidative stress. In addition, 4-OI pretreatment markedly downregulated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), stimulator of interferon genes (STING) expression, and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, inhibition of STING/IRF3 pathway alleviated NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis induced by LPS in vitro. Taken together, this study indicated that 4-OI ameliorated ARDS by rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting NLRP3-mediated macrophage pyroptosis in a STING/IRF3-dependent manner, which further revealed the potential mechanism of itaconate in preventing inflammatory diseases.
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Chen YJ, Li GN, Li XJ, Wei LX, Fu MJ, Cheng ZL, Yang Z, Zhu GQ, Wang XD, Zhang C, Zhang JY, Sun YP, Saiyin H, Zhang J, Liu WR, Zhu WW, Guan KL, Xiong Y, Yang Y, Ye D, Chen LL. Targeting IRG1 reverses the immunosuppressive function of tumor-associated macrophages and enhances cancer immunotherapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg0654. [PMID: 37115931 PMCID: PMC10146892 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg0654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) encodes aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1) that catalyzes the production of itaconic acids (ITAs). The anti-inflammatory function of IRG1/ITA has been established in multiple pathogen models, but very little is known in cancer. Here, we show that IRG1 is expressed in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in both human and mouse tumors. Mechanistically, tumor cells induce Irg1 expression in macrophages by activating NF-κB pathway, and ITA produced by ACOD1 inhibits TET DNA dioxygenases to dampen the expression of inflammatory genes and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into tumor sites. Deletion of Irg1 in mice suppresses the growth of multiple tumor types and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy. Our study provides a proof of concept that ACOD1 is a potential target for immune-oncology drugs and IRG1-deficient macrophages represent a potent cell therapy strategy for cancer treatment even in pancreatic tumors that are resistant to T cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guan-Nan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin-Xing Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Jie Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou-Li Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Qi Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow for Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Ye Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ping Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hexige Saiyin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow for Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Wei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yue Xiong
- Cullgen Inc., 12671 High Bluff Drive, San Diego, CA 92130, USA
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Y.); (D.Y.); (L.-L.C.)
| | - Dan Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Y.); (D.Y.); (L.-L.C.)
| | - Lei-Lei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology); Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine (Ministry of Education); Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Y.); (D.Y.); (L.-L.C.)
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Maneechotesuwan K, Wongsurakiat P, Assawabhumi J, Kasetsinsombat K, Wongkajornsilp A. Involvement of Transforming Growth Factor-β-Associated Kinase 1 in Fixed Airway Obstruction in Asthmatic Patients with Longer Disease Duration Independent on Airway Eosinophilia. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:343-354. [PMID: 37038432 PMCID: PMC10082578 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s403645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Transforming growth factor-β-associated kinase 1 (TAK1) mediates non-canonical TGF-β signalling by promoting adhesive, migratory, proliferative and contractile responses of fibroblasts to TGF-β1. However, TAK1 expression status in asthmatic patients with or without fixed airway obstruction (FAO) is unknown. Patients and Methods A total of 60 adult asthmatics with FAO were recruited and compared to 43 those without FAO (nFAO). TGF-β1 concentrations, and total TAK1 and phosphorylated TAK1 (p-TAK1) levels were determined in sputum supernatants, cytospin, and whole cell lysate by ELISA, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot analysis, respectively, in asthmatics with and without FAO. Results Asthmatic patients with FAO had much greater sputum TGF-β1 concentrations than those without FAO. This was independent of airway eosinophilia as there was no significant difference in TGF-β1 levels between high and low eosinophil counts within FAO and nFAO groups. In contrast, patients with FAO in the presence of sputum eosinophilia had greater expression of TAK1 and p-TAK1 than those without sputum eosinophilia (P=0.0032 and P=0.0061, respectively). The Western Blot data of total TAK1 and p-TAK1 were consistent with the immunocytochemistry, showing upregulation in all sputum cell types (neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and airway epithelial cells). In addition, total TAK1 expression negatively correlated with pre- and post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio. Conclusion TAK1 may play a key role in asthmatic patients with fixed airway obstruction, which was independent of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The interruption of TAK1 might have favourable clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittipong Maneechotesuwan
- Division of Respiratory Disease and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Correspondence: Kittipong Maneechotesuwan, Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Street, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand, Tel +662 419 7757, Fax +662 419 7760, Email
| | - Phunsup Wongsurakiat
- Division of Respiratory Disease and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirawat Assawabhumi
- Division of Respiratory Disease and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanda Kasetsinsombat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisak Wongkajornsilp
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Itaconate Suppresses the Activation of Mitochondrial NLRP3 Inflammasome and Oxidative Stress in Allergic Airway Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020489. [PMID: 36830047 PMCID: PMC9951851 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Itaconate has emerged as a novel anti-inflammatory and antioxidative endogenous metabolite, yet its role in allergic airway inflammation (AAI) and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, the itaconate level in the lung was assessed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and the effects of the Irg1/itaconate pathway on AAI and alveolar macrophage (AM) immune responses were evaluated using an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AAI model established by wild type (WT) and Irg1-/- mice, while the mechanism of this process was investigated by metabolomics analysis, mitochondrial/cytosolic protein fractionation and transmission electron microscopy in the lung tissues. The results demonstrated that the Irg1 mRNA/protein expression and itaconate production in the lung were significantly induced by OVA. Itaconate ameliorated while Irg1 deficiency augmented AAI, and this may be attributed to the fact that itaconate suppressed mitochondrial events such as NLRP3 inflammasome activation, oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction. Furthermore, we identified that the Irg1/itaconate pathway impacted the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress in AMs. Collectively, our findings provide evidence for the first time, supporting the conclusion that in the allergic lung, the itaconate level is markedly increased, which directly regulates AMs' immune responses. We therefore propose that the Irg1/itaconate pathway in AMs is a potential anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative therapeutic target for AAI.
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Lei I, Huang W, Noly PE, Naik S, Ghali M, Liu L, Pagani FD, Abou El Ela A, Pober JS, Pitt B, Platt JL, Cascalho M, Wang Z, Chen YE, Mortensen RM, Tang PC. Metabolic reprogramming by immune-responsive gene 1 up-regulation improves donor heart preservation and function. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade3782. [PMID: 36753565 PMCID: PMC10068866 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Preservation quality of donor hearts is a key determinant of transplant success. Preservation duration beyond 4 hours is associated with primary graft dysfunction (PGD). Given transport time constraints, geographical limitations exist for donor-recipient matching, leading to donor heart underutilization. Here, we showed that metabolic reprogramming through up-regulation of the enzyme immune response gene 1 (IRG1) and its product itaconate improved heart function after prolonged preservation. Irg1 transcript induction was achieved by adding the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) to a histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution used for donor heart preservation. VPA increased acetylated H3K27 occupancy at the IRG1 enhancer and IRG1 transcript expression in human donor hearts. IRG1 converts aconitate to itaconate, which has both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Accordingly, our studies showed that Irg1 transcript up-regulation by VPA treatment increased nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in mice, which was accompanied by increased antioxidant protein expression [hemeoxygenase 1 (HO1) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)]. Deletion of Irg1 in mice (Irg1-/-) negated the antioxidant and cardioprotective effects of VPA. Consistent with itaconate's ability to inhibit succinate dehydrogenase, VPA treatment of human hearts increased itaconate availability and reduced succinate accumulation during preservation. VPA similarly increased IRG1 expression in pig donor hearts and improved its function in an ex vivo cardiac perfusion system both at the clinical 4-hour preservation threshold and at 10 hours. These results suggest that augmentation of cardioprotective immune-metabolomic pathways may be a promising therapeutic strategy for improving donor heart function in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ienglam Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pierre Emmanuel Noly
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Suyash Naik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Miriyam Ghali
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Francis D Pagani
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ashraf Abou El Ela
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Bertram Pitt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Platt
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marilia Cascalho
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Richard M Mortensen
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Internal Medicine, and Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Paul C Tang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Cepharanthine Alleviates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Regulating Aconitate Decarboxylase 1 Expression and Macrophage Infiltration. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031060. [PMID: 36770726 PMCID: PMC9920045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cepharanthine (CEP), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania, protects against some inflammatory diseases. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) is also known as immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1), which plays an important immunometabolism role in inflammatory diseases by mediating the production of itaconic acid. ACOD1 exhibits abnormal expression in ulcerative colitis (UC). However, whether CEP can combat UC by affecting ACOD1 expression remains unanswered. This study was designed to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of CEP in treating colitis through in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro assays indicated that CEP inhibited LPS-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and ACOD1 expression in RAW264.7 macrophages. Additionally, in the mouse model of DSS-induced colitis, CEP decreased macrophage infiltration and ACOD1 expression in colon tissue. After treatment with antibiotics (Abx), the expression of ACOD1 changed with the composition of gut microbiota. Correlation analysis also revealed that Family-XIII-AD3011-group and Rumini-clostridium-6 were positively correlated with ACOD1 expression level. Additionally, data of the integrative Human Microbiome Project (iHMP) showed that ACOD1 was highly expressed in the colon tissue of UC patients and this expression was positively correlated with the severity of intestinal inflammation. Collectively, CEP can counter UC by modulating gut microbiota and inhibiting the expression of ACOD1. CEP may serve as a potential pharmaceutical candidate in the treatment of UC.
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Yamaguchi A, Maeshige N, Yan J, Ma X, Uemura M, Matsuda M, Nishimura Y, Hasunuma T, Kondo H, Fujino H, Yuan ZM. Skeletal myotube-derived extracellular vesicles enhance itaconate production and attenuate inflammatory responses of macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1099799. [PMID: 36936950 PMCID: PMC10018131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Macrophages play an important role in the innate immunity. While macrophage inflammation is necessary for biological defense, it must be appropriately controlled. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released from all types of cells and play a central role in intercellular communication. Skeletal muscle has been suggested to release anti-inflammatory factors, but the effect of myotube-derived EVs on macrophages is unknown. As an anti-inflammatory mechanism of macrophages, the immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1)-itaconate pathway is essential. In this study, we show that skeletal muscle-derived EVs suppress macrophage inflammatory responses, upregulating the IRG1-itaconate pathway. Methods C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and EVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. Skeletal myotube-derived EVs were administered to mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, then lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was performed and inflammatory cytokine expression was measured by RT-qPCR. Metabolite abundance in macrophages after addition of EVs was measured by CE/MS, and IRG1 expression was measured by RT-PCR. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis was performed on macrophages after EV treatment. Results EVs attenuated the expression of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages. Itaconate abundance and IRG1 expression were significantly increased in the EV-treated group. RNA-seq analysis revealed activation of the PI3K-Akt and JAK-STAT pathways in macrophages after EV treatment. The most abundant miRNA in myotube EVs was miR-206-3p, followed by miR-378a-3p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-21a-5p. Discussion Skeletal myotube EVs are supposed to increase the production of itaconate via upregulation of IRG1 expression and exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect in macrophages. This anti-inflammatory effect was suggested to involve the PI3K-Akt and JAK-STAT pathways. The miRNA profiles within EVs implied that miR-206-3p, miR-378a-3p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-21a-5p may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of the EVs. In summary, in this study we showed that myotube-derived EVs prevent macrophage inflammatory responses by activating the IRG1-itaconate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atomu Yamaguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeshige
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- *Correspondence: Noriaki Maeshige, ; Hidemi Fujino,
| | - Jiawei Yan
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mikiko Uemura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishimura
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kondo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nagoya Women’s University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- *Correspondence: Noriaki Maeshige, ; Hidemi Fujino,
| | - Zhi-Min Yuan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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Maassen S, Coenen B, Ioannidis M, Harber K, Grijpstra P, Van den Bossche J, van den Bogaart G. Itaconate promotes a wound resolving phenotype in pro-inflammatory macrophages. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102591. [PMID: 36574745 PMCID: PMC9800195 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological conditions associated with dysfunctional wound healing are characterized by impaired remodelling of extracellular matrix (ECM), increased macrophage infiltration, and chronic inflammation. Macrophages also play an important role in wound healing as they drive wound closure by secretion of molecules like transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β). As the functions of macrophages are regulated by their metabolism, local administration of small molecules that alter this might be a novel approach for treatment of wound-healing disorders. Itaconate is a tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-derived metabolite that has been associated with resolution of macrophage-mediated inflammation. However, its effects on macrophage wound healing functions are unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of the membrane-permeable 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) derivative on ECM scavenging by cultured human blood monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM). We found that 4-OI reduced signalling of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) induced by the canonical immune stimulus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Likely as a consequence of this, the production of the inflammatory mediators like tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were also reduced. On the transcriptional level, 4-OI increased expression of the gene coding for TGF-β (TGFB1), whereas expression of the collagenase matrix metalloprotease-8 (MMP8) was reduced. Furthermore, surface levels of the anti-inflammatory marker CD36, but not CD206 and CD11c, were increased in these cells. To directly investigate the effect of 4-OI on scavenging of ECM by macrophages, we developed an assay to measure uptake of fibrous collagen. We observed that LPS promoted collagen uptake and that this was reversed by 4-OI-induced signaling of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a regulator of cellular resistance to oxidative stress and the reduced glycolytic capacity of the macrophage. These results indicate that 4-OI lowers macrophage inflammation, likely promoting a more wound-resolving phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjors Maassen
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Britt Coenen
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Melina Ioannidis
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karl Harber
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Grijpstra
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Kohl L, Siddique MNAA, Bodendorfer B, Berger R, Preikschat A, Daniel C, Ölke M, Liebler‐Tenorio E, Schulze‐Luehrmann J, Mauermeir M, Yang K, Hayek I, Szperlinski M, Andrack J, Schleicher U, Bozec A, Krönke G, Murray PJ, Wirtz S, Yamamoto M, Schatz V, Jantsch J, Oefner P, Degrandi D, Pfeffer K, Mertens‐Scholz K, Rauber S, Bogdan C, Dettmer K, Lührmann A, Lang R. Macrophages inhibit Coxiella burnetii by the ACOD1-itaconate pathway for containment of Q fever. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 15:e15931. [PMID: 36479617 PMCID: PMC9906395 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202215931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with the intracellular bacterium Coxiella (C.) burnetii can cause chronic Q fever with severe complications and limited treatment options. Here, we identify the enzyme cis-aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1 or IRG1) and its product itaconate as protective host immune pathway in Q fever. Infection of mice with C. burnetii induced expression of several anti-microbial candidate genes, including Acod1. In macrophages, Acod1 was essential for restricting C. burnetii replication, while other antimicrobial pathways were dispensable. Intratracheal or intraperitoneal infection of Acod1-/- mice caused increased C. burnetii burden, weight loss and stronger inflammatory gene expression. Exogenously added itaconate restored pathogen control in Acod1-/- mouse macrophages and blocked replication in human macrophages. In axenic cultures, itaconate directly inhibited growth of C. burnetii. Finally, treatment of infected Acod1-/- mice with itaconate efficiently reduced the tissue pathogen load. Thus, ACOD1-derived itaconate is a key factor in the macrophage-mediated defense against C. burnetii and may be exploited for novel therapeutic approaches in chronic Q fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kohl
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Md Nur A Alam Siddique
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Barbara Bodendorfer
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Raffaela Berger
- Institute of Functional GenomicsUniversity of RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Annica Preikschat
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of NephropathologyUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Martha Ölke
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Elisabeth Liebler‐Tenorio
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthJenaGermany
| | - Jan Schulze‐Luehrmann
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Michael Mauermeir
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Kai‐Ting Yang
- Department of Medicine 3Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI)Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Inaya Hayek
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Manuela Szperlinski
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Jennifer Andrack
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthJenaGermany
| | - Ulrike Schleicher
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Medical Immunology Campus ErlangenFAU Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Medicine 3Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Medical Immunology Campus ErlangenFAU Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Medicine 3Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Medical Immunology Campus ErlangenFAU Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | | | - Stefan Wirtz
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI)Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenErlangenGermany,Medical Immunology Campus ErlangenFAU Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Department of Medicine 1Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | | | - Valentin Schatz
- Institute of Clinical MicrobiologyUniversity Hospital RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Jonathan Jantsch
- Institute of Clinical MicrobiologyUniversity Hospital RegensburgRegensburgGermany,Present address:
Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and HygieneUniversity Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Peter Oefner
- Institute of Functional GenomicsUniversity of RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Daniel Degrandi
- Institute of Medical MicrobiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Klaus Pfeffer
- Institute of Medical MicrobiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Katja Mertens‐Scholz
- Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich‐Loeffler‐Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthJenaGermany
| | - Simon Rauber
- Department of Medicine 3Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI)Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Medical Immunology Campus ErlangenFAU Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional GenomicsUniversity of RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Anja Lührmann
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Medical Immunology Campus ErlangenFAU Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Roland Lang
- Mikrobiologisches Institut – Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany,Medical Immunology Campus ErlangenFAU Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
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44
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Park D, Lim G, Yoon SJ, Yi HS, Choi DW. The role of immunomodulatory metabolites in shaping the inflammatory response of macrophages. BMB Rep 2022; 55:519-527. [PMID: 36195564 PMCID: PMC9712705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation has long been implicated in a myriad of human pathophysiology, particularly in the context of the dysregulated capacities of an unleashing intracellular or/and extracellular inflammatory response. A growing number of studies have functionally coupled the macrophages' inflammatory capacities with dynamic metabolic reprogramming which occurs during activation, albeit the results have been mostly interpreted through classic metabolism point of view; macrophages take advantage of the rewired metabolism as a source of energy and for biosynthetic precursors. However, a specific subset of metabolic products, namely immune-modulatory metabolites, has recently emerged as significant regulatory signals which control inflammatory responses in macrophages and the relevant extracellular milieu. In this review, we introduce recently highlighted immuno-modulatory metabolites, with the aim of understanding their physiological and pathological relevance in the macrophage inflammatory response. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 519-527].
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyoung Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Gyumin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Yoon
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-42-821-7524; Fax: +82-42-822-7548; E-mail:
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45
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Dong T, Chen X, Xu H, Song Y, Wang H, Gao Y, Wang J, Du R, Lou H, Dong T. Mitochondrial metabolism mediated macrophage polarization in chronic lung diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Park D, Lim G, Yoon SJ, Yi HS, Choi DW. The role of immunomodulatory metabolites in shaping the inflammatory response of macrophages. BMB Rep 2022; 55:519-527. [PMID: 36195564 PMCID: PMC9712705 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.11.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation has long been implicated in a myriad of human pathophysiology, particularly in the context of the dysregulated capacities of an unleashing intracellular or/and extracellular inflammatory response. A growing number of studies have functionally coupled the macrophages' inflammatory capacities with dynamic metabolic reprogramming which occurs during activation, albeit the results have been mostly interpreted through classic metabolism point of view; macrophages take advantage of the rewired metabolism as a source of energy and for biosynthetic precursors. However, a specific subset of metabolic products, namely immune-modulatory metabolites, has recently emerged as significant regulatory signals which control inflammatory responses in macrophages and the relevant extracellular milieu. In this review, we introduce recently highlighted immuno-modulatory metabolites, with the aim of understanding their physiological and pathological relevance in the macrophage inflammatory response. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 519-527].
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyoung Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Gyumin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Yoon
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
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47
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The Role of Nrf2 in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091685. [PMID: 36139759 PMCID: PMC9495339 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive, incurable interstitial lung disease with high mortality after diagnosis and remains a global public health problem. Despite advances and breakthroughs in understanding the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, there are still no effective methods for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. The existing treatment options are imperfect, expensive, and have considerable limitations in effectiveness and safety. Hence, there is an urgent need to find novel therapeutic targets. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a central regulator of cellular antioxidative responses, inflammation, and restoration of redox balance. Accumulating reports reveal that Nrf2 activators exhibit potent antifibrosis effects and significantly attenuate pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. This review summarizes the current Nrf2-related knowledge about the regulatory mechanism and potential therapies in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. Nrf2 orchestrates the activation of multiple protective genes that target inflammation, oxidative stress, fibroblast–myofibroblast differentiation (FMD), and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the mechanisms involve Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant, Nrf2/HO−1/NQO1, Nrf2/NOX4, and Nrf2/GSH signaling pathway. We hope to indicate potential for Nrf2 system as a therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Wu R, Liu J, Wang N, Zeng L, Yu C, Chen F, Wang H, Billiar TR, Jiang J, Tang D, Kang R. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 is a mediator of polymicrobial sepsis. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo2028. [PMID: 36001682 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a challenging clinical syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Here, we identified an unexpected proseptic activity of aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) in monocytes and macrophages. Previous studies have suggested that ACOD1, also known as immune-responsive gene 1, is an immunometabolic regulator that favors itaconate production to inhibit bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced innate immunity. We used next-generation sequencing of lipopolysaccharide-activated THP1 cells to demonstrate that ACOD1 accumulation confers a robust proinflammation response by activating a cytokine storm, predominantly through the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway. We further revealed that the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) on threonine-160 mediates the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 through receptor for activated C kinase 1, leading to JUN-dependent transcription of ACOD1 in human and mouse macrophages or monocytes. Genetic deletion of CDK2 or ACOD1 in myeloid cells, or the administration of the CDK inhibitor dinaciclib, protected mice against polymicrobial sepsis and was associated with improved survival and decreased cytokine storm. The expression of the CDK2-ACOD1 axis also correlated with severity of illness in a cohort of 40 patients with bacterial sepsis. Thus, our findings provide evidence for a previously unrecognized function of ACOD1 in innate immunity and suggest it as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runliu Wu
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ling Zeng
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chunhua Yu
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital and the Feinsteins Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Gonçalves SM, Ferreira AV, Cunha C, Carvalho A. Targeting immunometabolism in host-directed therapies to fungal disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 208:158-166. [PMID: 35641161 PMCID: PMC9188340 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections affect over a billion people and are responsible for more than 1.5 million deaths each year. Despite progress in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the management of severe fungal infections remains a challenge. Recently, the reprogramming of cellular metabolism has emerged as a central mechanism through which the effector functions of immune cells are supported to promote antifungal activity. An improved understanding of the immunometabolic signatures that orchestrate antifungal immunity, together with the dissection of the mechanisms that underlie heterogeneity in individual immune responses, may therefore unveil new targets amenable to adjunctive host-directed therapies. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the metabolic regulation of host-fungus interactions and antifungal immune responses, and outline targetable pathways and mechanisms with promising therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
| | - Anaísa V Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
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50
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Yamaguchi A, Maeshige N, Ma X, Uemura M, Noguchi H, Matsuda M, Nishimura Y, Hasunuma T, Kondo H, Fujino H. Pulsed-Ultrasound Irradiation Induces the Production of Itaconate and Attenuates Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2387-2395. [PMID: 35444446 PMCID: PMC9013924 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s361609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Itaconate is a key metabolite in the innate immune system and exerts strong anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages. For the production of itaconate in macrophages, immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) is an imperative enzyme, and activating the IRG1-itaconate pathway is reported to alleviate inflammatory diseases by upregulating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). However, there are very few reports on strategies to increase itaconate production. Ultrasound therapy is a widely used intervention for anti-inflammatory and soft-tissue regeneration purposes. Here we show the effect of ultrasound irradiation on the production of itaconate in macrophages. Methods Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were exposed to pulsed ultrasound (3.0 W/cm2) for 5 minutes. Three hours after irradiation, the intracellular levels of metabolites and mRNA expression levels of Irg1 and Nrf2 were measured using CE/MS and qPCR, respectively. To evaluate macrophage inflammation status, 3 h after irradiation, the cells were stimulated with 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 1.5 h and the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors (Il-1β, Il-6, and Tnf-α) were measured. Student’s t-test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test were used for statistical processing, and the significance level was set to less than 5%. Results Ultrasound irradiation significantly increased the intracellular itaconate level and the expression levels of Irg1 and Nrf2 in BMDMs. Upregulation of Il-1β, Il-6, and Tnf-α by LPS was significantly suppressed in BMDMs treated with ultrasound. Ultrasound irradiation did not affect cell viability and apoptosis. Conclusion Ultrasound irradiation induces the production of itaconate by upregulating Irg1 expression and attenuates inflammatory responses in macrophages via Nrf2. These results suggest that ultrasound is a potentially useful method to increase itaconate production in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atomu Yamaguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeshige
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
- Correspondence: Noriaki Maeshige, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Kobe, 654-0142, Hyogo, Japan, Tel +81 78 796 4582, Email
| | - Xiaoqi Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mikiko Uemura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hikari Noguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishimura
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kondo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nagoya Women’s University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
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