1
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Pribbenow C, Owald D. Skewing information flow through pre- and postsynaptic plasticity in the mushroom bodies of Drosophila. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053919. [PMID: 38876487 PMCID: PMC11199954 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053919.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Animal brains need to store information to construct a representation of their environment. Knowledge of what happened in the past allows both vertebrates and invertebrates to predict future outcomes by recalling previous experience. Although invertebrate and vertebrate brains share common principles at the molecular, cellular, and circuit-architectural levels, there are also obvious differences as exemplified by the use of acetylcholine versus glutamate as the considered main excitatory neurotransmitters in the respective central nervous systems. Nonetheless, across central nervous systems, synaptic plasticity is thought to be a main substrate for memory storage. Therefore, how brain circuits and synaptic contacts change following learning is of fundamental interest for understanding brain computations tied to behavior in any animal. Recent progress has been made in understanding such plastic changes following olfactory associative learning in the mushroom bodies (MBs) of Drosophila A current framework of memory-guided behavioral selection is based on the MB skew model, in which antagonistic synaptic pathways are selectively changed in strength. Here, we review insights into plasticity at dedicated Drosophila MB output pathways and update what is known about the plasticity of both pre- and postsynaptic compartments of Drosophila MB neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Pribbenow
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Owald
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Chen Y, Liu S, Jacobi AA, Jeng G, Ulrich JD, Stein IS, Patriarchi T, Hell JW. Rapid sequential clustering of NMDARs, CaMKII, and AMPARs upon activation of NMDARs at developing synapses. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2024; 16:1291262. [PMID: 38660466 PMCID: PMC11039796 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2024.1291262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid, synapse-specific neurotransmission requires the precise alignment of presynaptic neurotransmitter release and postsynaptic receptors. How postsynaptic glutamate receptor accumulation is induced during maturation is not well understood. We find that in cultures of dissociated hippocampal neurons at 11 days in vitro (DIV) numerous synaptic contacts already exhibit pronounced accumulations of the pre- and postsynaptic markers synaptotagmin, synaptophysin, synapsin, bassoon, VGluT1, PSD-95, and Shank. The presence of an initial set of AMPARs and NMDARs is indicated by miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). However, AMPAR and NMDAR immunostainings reveal rather smooth distributions throughout dendrites and synaptic enrichment is not obvious. We found that brief periods of Ca2+ influx through NMDARs induced a surprisingly rapid accumulation of NMDARs within 1 min, followed by accumulation of CaMKII and then AMPARs within 2-5 min. Postsynaptic clustering of NMDARs and AMPARs was paralleled by an increase in their mEPSC amplitudes. A peptide that blocked the interaction of NMDAR subunits with PSD-95 prevented the NMDAR clustering. NMDAR clustering persisted for 3 days indicating that brief periods of elevated glutamate fosters permanent accumulation of NMDARs at postsynaptic sites in maturing synapses. These data support the model that strong glutamatergic stimulation of immature glutamatergic synapses results in a fast and substantial increase in postsynaptic NMDAR content that required NMDAR binding to PSD-95 or its homologues and is followed by recruitment of CaMKII and subsequently AMPARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Shangming Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Ariel A. Jacobi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Grace Jeng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jason D. Ulrich
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ivar S. Stein
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Tommaso Patriarchi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Johannes W. Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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3
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Nag S, Jia K, Arakawa R, Datta P, Scott D, Shaffer C, Moein MM, Hutchison M, Kaliszczak M, Halldin C. Synthesis of [ 11C]BIIB104, an α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic-Acid-Positive Allosteric Modulator, and Evaluation of the Bio-Distribution in Non-Human Primate Brains Using Positron Emission Tomography. Molecules 2024; 29:427. [PMID: 38257338 PMCID: PMC10818776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the brain penetrance and kinetics of BIIB104, a first-in-class AMPA receptor potentiator developed for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia. It was recently halted in phase 2 clinical development, and there are a lack of tools to directly measure AMPA receptor engagement. To achieve this, the drug candidate was radiolabeled with carbon-11, and its brain penetrance and kinetics were measured in non-human primates via dynamic PET scans. Radiolabeling was achieved through a three-step nucleophilic [11C]cyanation reaction in one pot, resulting in the high radioactivity and radiochemical purity (>99%) of [11C]BIIB104. The study found that [11C]BIIB104 entered the non-human primate brains at 4-5% ID at peak, with a homogeneous distribution. However, a mild regional heterogeneity was observed in the thalamus. The lack of conclusive evidence for a change in regional values after BIIB104 dosing suggests that any specific binding component of BIIB104 is negligible compared to the free and non-specific components in the living brain. Overall, the study demonstrated high brain uptake with minor variability in [11C]BIIB104 distribution across various brain regions, its kinetics were consistent with those of passive diffusion, and the dominating components were the free concentration and non-specific binding. This information is valuable for understanding the potential effects and mechanisms of BIIB104 in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangram Nag
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden (C.H.)
| | - Kevin Jia
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden (C.H.)
| | - Ryosuke Arakawa
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden (C.H.)
| | - Prodip Datta
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden (C.H.)
| | - Daniel Scott
- BIOGEN MA Inc., 225 Binney St., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA (C.S.); (M.H.)
| | | | - Mohammad Mahdi Moein
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden (C.H.)
| | - Matthew Hutchison
- BIOGEN MA Inc., 225 Binney St., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA (C.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Maciej Kaliszczak
- BIOGEN MA Inc., 225 Binney St., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA (C.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden (C.H.)
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4
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Chen J, Ran W, Huang Y, Wei J, Rong J, Wei H, Li Y, Li G, Chen Z, Collier L, Elghazawy NH, Sippl W, Haider A, Liao K, Dong C, Li Y, Xu H, He W, Wang L, Liang SH. Evaluation of thiadiazine-based PET radioligands for imaging the AMPA receptor. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115842. [PMID: 37925936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a subclass of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors have been implicated in various neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. To further our understanding of AMPA receptor-related disorders in the central nervous system (CNS), it is important to be able to image and quantify AMPA receptors in vivo. In this study, we identified a novel F-containing AMPA positive allosteric modulator (PAM) 6 as a potential lead compound. Molecular docking studies and CNS PET multi-parameter optimization (MPO) analysis were used to predict the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics of 6 as a PET probe. The resulting PET probe, [18F]6 (codename [18F]AMPA-2109), was successfully radiolabeled and demonstrated excellent blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and high brain uptake in rodents and non-human primates. However, [18F]6 did not show substantial specific binding in the rodent or non-human primate brain. Further medicinal chemistry efforts are necessary to improve specific binding, and our work may serve as a starting point for the design of novel 18F-labeled AMPA receptor-targeted PET radioligands aimed for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Chen
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Wenqing Ran
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yiman Huang
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University School of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Junjie Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Huiyi Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yinlong Li
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Guocong Li
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lee Collier
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nehal H Elghazawy
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, W.-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, W.-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kai Liao
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Chenchen Dong
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Wenpeng He
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University School of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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5
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Yu X, Luo Y, Yang L, Duan X. Plasma metabonomic study on the effect of Para‑hydroxybenzaldehyde intervention in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:224. [PMID: 37800608 PMCID: PMC10577806 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume has been widely used to treat various central and peripheral nerve diseases, and Para‑hydroxybenzaldehyde (PHBA) is one of the indicated components suggested to provide a neuroprotective effect. In our previous, it was shown that PHBA protected mitochondria against cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. In the present study, how PHBA regulated the metabolic mechanism in blood following cerebral I/R was assessed to identify an effective therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke (IS). First, a rat model of cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury was established via middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). The therapeutic effect of PHBA on brain I/R was evaluated by assessing the neurological function score, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, hematoxylin and eosin, and Nissl staining. Next, a non‑targeted metabolomic based on high‑performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry was established to identify differential metabolites. Finally, a targeted metabolic spectrum was analyzed and the potential therapeutic targets were verified by Western blotting. The results showed that the neurological function score, cerebral infarction area, hippocampal morphology, and the number of neurons in the PHBA group were significantly improved compared with the model group. Metabonomic analysis showed that 13 different metabolites were identified between the model and PHBA group, which may be involved in the 'tricarboxylic acid cycle', 'glutathione metabolism', and 'mutual transformation of pentose and glucuronates', amongst others. Among these, the levels of the most significant differential metabolite, dGMP, decreased significantly following PHBA treatment. Western blotting was used to verify the expression of membrane‑associated guanosine kinase PSD‑95 and the subunit of glutamate AMPA receptor GluA1, which significantly increased after PHBA treatment. In addition, it was also found that PHBA increased the expression of the light chain‑3 protein and autophagy effector protein 1, whilst the expression of sequestosome‑1 decreased, indicating that PHBA promoted autophagy. Similarly, in TUNEL staining and detection of apoptosis‑related proteins, it was found that MCAO/R upregulated the expression of Bax and cleaved‑caspase‑3 whilst downregulating the expression of Bcl‑2 and increasing the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons; PHBA reversed this situation. These results suggest that cerebral I/R causes postsynaptic dysfunction by disrupting the interaction between PSD‑95 and AMPARs, and the inhibition of the autophagy system eventually leads to the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglin Yu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Liping Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Duan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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6
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Ueda S, Kuzuya A, Kawata M, Okawa K, Honjo C, Wada T, Matsumoto M, Goto K, Miyamoto M, Yonezawa A, Tanabe Y, Ikeda A, Kinoshita A, Takahashi R. Acute inhibition of AMPA receptors by perampanel reduces amyloid β-protein levels by suppressing β-cleavage of APP in Alzheimer's disease models. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23252. [PMID: 37850918 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300837r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal hyperexcitability is a promising therapeutic target to prevent Aβ deposition in AD since enhanced neuronal activity promotes presynaptic Aβ production and release. This article highlights the potential application of perampanel (PER), an AMPA receptor (AMPAR) antagonist approved for partial seizures, as a therapeutic agent for AD. Using transgenic AD mice combined with in vivo brain microdialysis and primary neurons under oligomeric Aβ-evoked neuronal hyperexcitability, the acute effects of PER on Aβ metabolism were investigated. A single oral administration of PER rapidly decreased ISF Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in the hippocampus of J20, APP transgenic mice, without affecting the Aβ40 /Aβ42 ratio; 5 mg/kg PER resulted in declines of 20% and 31%, respectively. Moreover, PER-treated J20 manifested a marked decrease in hippocampal APP βCTF levels with increased FL-APP levels. Consistently, acute treatment of PER reduced sAPPβ levels, a direct byproduct of β-cleavage of APP, released to the medium in primary neuronal cultures under oligomeric Aβ-induced neuronal hyperexcitability. To further evaluate the effect of PER on ISF Aβ clearance, a γ-secretase inhibitor was administered to J20 1 h after PER treatment. PER did not influence the elimination of ISF Aβ, indicating that the acute effect of PER is predominantly on Aβ production. In conclusion, acute treatment of PER reduces Aβ production by suppressing β-cleavage of amyloid-β precursor protein effectively, indicating a potential effect of PER against Aβ pathology in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakiho Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Kuzuya
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kawata
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Okawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chika Honjo
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Wada
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mizuki Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Goto
- Department of Regulation of Neurocognitive Disorders, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuto Tanabe
- Department of Regulation of Neurocognitive Disorders, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Ikeda
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayae Kinoshita
- School of Human Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Højgaard K, Szöllősi B, Henningsen K, Minami N, Nakanishi N, Kaadt E, Tamura M, Morris RGM, Takeuchi T, Elfving B. Novelty-induced memory consolidation is accompanied by increased Agap3 transcription: a cross-species study. Mol Brain 2023; 16:69. [PMID: 37749596 PMCID: PMC10521532 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Novelty-induced memory consolidation is a well-established phenomenon that depends on the activation of a locus coeruleus-hippocampal circuit. It is associated with the expression of activity-dependent genes that may mediate initial or cellular memory consolidation. Several genes have been identified to date, however, to fully understand the mechanisms of memory consolidation, additional candidates must be identified. In this cross-species study, we used a contextual novelty-exploration paradigm to identify changes in gene expression in the dorsal hippocampus of both mice and rats. We found that changes in gene expression following contextual novelty varied between the two species, with 9 genes being upregulated in mice and 3 genes in rats. Comparison across species revealed that ArfGAP with a GTPase domain, an ankyrin repeat and PH domain 3 (Agap3) was the only gene being upregulated in both, suggesting a potentially conserved role for Agap3. AGAP3 is known to regulate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptor trafficking in the synapse, which suggests that increased transcription of Agap3 may be involved in maintaining functional plasticity. While we identified several genes affected by contextual novelty exploration, we were unable to fully reverse these changes using SCH 23390, a dopamine D1/D5 receptor antagonist. Further research on the role of AGAP3 in novelty-induced memory consolidation could lead to better understanding of this process and guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Højgaard
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, DK8200, Denmark
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Bianka Szöllősi
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Kim Henningsen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark
| | - Natsumi Minami
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, 227-0033, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakanishi
- Data Science Department, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, 227-0033, Japan
| | - Erik Kaadt
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, DK8200, Denmark
| | - Makoto Tamura
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Kanagawa, 227-0033, Japan
- NeuroDiscovery Lab, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Holdings America Inc, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Richard G M Morris
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Edinburgh Neuroscience, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tomonori Takeuchi
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark.
- Center for Proteins in Memory - PROMEMO, Department of Biomedicine, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK8000, Denmark.
- Gftd DeSci, Gftd DAO, Tokyo, 162-0044, Japan.
| | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, DK8200, Denmark.
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8
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Ugarte G, Piña R, Contreras D, Godoy F, Rubio D, Rozas C, Zeise M, Vidal R, Escobar J, Morales B. Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): From Abnormal Behavior to Impairment in Synaptic Plasticity. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1241. [PMID: 37759640 PMCID: PMC10525904 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high incidence in children and adolescents characterized by motor hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revealed that neuroanatomical abnormalities such as the volume reduction in the neocortex and hippocampus are shared by several neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder and ADHD. Furthermore, the abnormal development and postnatal pruning of dendritic spines of neocortical neurons in schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability are well documented. Dendritic spines are dynamic structures exhibiting Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity that triggers intracellular cascades involving glutamate receptors, calcium influx and remodeling of the F-actin network. The long-term potentiation (LTP)-induced insertion of postsynaptic glutamate receptors is associated with the enlargement of spine heads and long-term depression (LTD) with spine shrinkage. Using a murine model of ADHD, a delay in dendritic spines' maturation in CA1 hippocampal neurons correlated with impaired working memory and hippocampal LTP has recently reported. The aim of this review is to summarize recent evidence that has emerged from studies focused on the neuroanatomical and genetic features found in ADHD patients as well as reports from animal models describing the molecular structure and remodeling of dendritic spines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ugarte
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (G.U.); (D.C.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Ricardo Piña
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Metropolitan University of Education Sciences, Santiago 7760197, Chile;
- Department of Human Sciences, Faculty of Human Science, Bernardo O’Higgins University, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Darwin Contreras
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (G.U.); (D.C.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Felipe Godoy
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (G.U.); (D.C.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (C.R.)
| | - David Rubio
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (G.U.); (D.C.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Carlos Rozas
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (G.U.); (D.C.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Marc Zeise
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Vidal
- Laboratory of Genomics, Molecular Ecology and Evolutionary Studies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
| | - Jorge Escobar
- Institute of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Bernardo Morales
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (G.U.); (D.C.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (C.R.)
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9
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Larsen ME, Buonarati OR, Qian H, Hell JW, Bayer KU. Stimulating β-adrenergic receptors promotes synaptic potentiation by switching CaMKII movement from LTD to LTP mode. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104706. [PMID: 37061000 PMCID: PMC10200978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Learning, memory, and cognition are thought to require synaptic plasticity, specifically including hippocampal long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD). LTP versus LTD is induced by high-frequency stimulation versus low-frequency, but stimulating β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) enables LTP induction also by low-frequency stimulation (1 Hz) or theta frequencies (∼5 Hz) that do not cause plasticity by themselves. In contrast to high-frequency stimulation-LTP, such βAR-LTP requires Ca2+-flux through L-type voltage-gated Ca2+-channels, not N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptors. Surprisingly, we found that βAR-LTP still required a nonionotropic scaffolding function of the N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor: the stimulus-induced binding of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) to its GluN2B subunit that mediates CaMKII movement to excitatory synapses. In hippocampal neurons, β-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol (Iso) transformed LTD-type CaMKII movement to LTP-type movement, resulting in CaMKII movement to excitatory instead of inhibitory synapses. Additionally, Iso enabled induction of a major cell-biological feature of LTP in response to LTD stimuli: increased surface expression of GluA1 fused with super-ecliptic pHluorein. Like for βAR-LTP in hippocampal slices, the Iso effects on CaMKII movement and surface expression of GluA1 fused with super-ecliptic pHluorein involved L-type Ca2+-channels and specifically required β2-ARs. Taken together, these results indicate that Iso transforms LTD stimuli to LTP signals by switching CaMKII movement and GluN2B binding to LTP mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Larsen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Hai Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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10
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Hassan Z, Coelho D, Bossenmeyer-Pourié C, Matmat K, Arnold C, Savladori A, Alberto JM, Umoret R, Guéant JL, Pourié G. Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with AMPAR Glutamatergic Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Neuronal Methionine Synthase Deficiency. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091267. [PMID: 37174668 PMCID: PMC10177068 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairment of one-carbon metabolism during pregnancy, either due to nutritional deficiencies in B9 or B12 vitamins or caused by specific genetic defects, is often associated with neurological defects, including cognitive dysfunction that persists even after vitamin supplementation. Animal nutritional models do not allow for conclusions regarding the specific brain mechanisms that may be modulated by systemic compensations. Using the Cre-lox system associated to the neuronal promoter Thy1.2, a knock-out model for the methionine synthase specifically in the brain was generated. Our results on the neurobehavioral development of offspring show that the absence of methionine synthase did not lead to growth retardation, despite an effective reduction of both its expression and the methylation status in brain tissues. Behaviors were differently affected according to their functional outcome. Only temporary retardations were recorded in the acquisition of vegetative functions during the suckling period, compared to a dramatic reduction in cognitive performance after weaning. Investigation of the glutamatergic synapses in cognitive areas showed a reduction of AMPA receptors phosphorylation and clustering, indicating an epigenomic effect of the neuronal deficiency of methionine synthase on the reduction of glutamatergic synapses excitability. Altogether, our data indicate that cognitive impairment associated with methionine synthase deficiency may not only result from neurodevelopmental abnormalities, but may also be the consequence of alterations in functional plasticity of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Hassan
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - David Coelho
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
- National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Carine Bossenmeyer-Pourié
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Karim Matmat
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Carole Arnold
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Aurélie Savladori
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Marc Alberto
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Rémy Umoret
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
- National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Grégory Pourié
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
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11
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Kinoshita M, Okamoto H. Acetylcholine potentiates glutamate transmission from the habenula to the interpeduncular nucleus in losers of social conflict. Curr Biol 2023:S0960-9822(23)00445-1. [PMID: 37105168 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Switching behaviors from aggression to submission in losers at the end of conspecific social fighting is essential to avoid serious injury or death. We have previously shown that the experience of defeat induces a loser-specific potentiation in the habenula (Hb)-interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) and show here that this is induced by acetylcholine. Calcium imaging and electrophysiological recording using acute brain slices from winners and losers of fighting behavior in zebrafish revealed that the ventral IPN (vIPN) dominates over the dorsal IPN in the neural response to Hb stimulation in losers. We also show that GluA1 α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits on the postsynaptic membrane increased in the vIPN of losers. Furthermore, these loser-specific neural properties disappeared in the presence of an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist and, conversely, were induced in brain slices of winners treated with α7 nAChR agonists. These data suggest that acetylcholine released from Hb terminals in the vIPN induces activation of α7 nAChR followed by an increase in postsynaptic membrane GluA1. This results in an increase in active synapses on postsynaptic neurons, resulting in the potentiation of neurotransmissions to the vIPN. This acetylcholine-induced neuromodulation could be the neural foundation for behavioral switching in losers. Our results could increase our understanding of the mechanisms of various mood disorders such as social anxiety disorder and social withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masae Kinoshita
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Laboratory for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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12
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Castner SA, Zhang L, Yang CR, Hao J, Cramer JW, Wang X, Bruns RF, Marston H, Svensson KA, Williams GV. Effects of DPTQ, a novel positive allosteric modulator of the dopamine D1 receptor, on spontaneous eye blink rate and spatial working memory in the nonhuman primate. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:1033-1048. [PMID: 36961560 PMCID: PMC10102062 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dopamine (DA) signaling through the D1 receptor has been shown to be integral to multiple aspects of cognition, including the core process of working memory. The discovery of positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the D1 receptor has enabled treatment modalities that may have alternative benefits to orthosteric D1 agonists arising from a synergism of action with functional D1 receptor signaling. OBJECTIVES To investigate this potential, we have studied the effects of the novel D1 PAM DPTQ on a spatial delayed response working memory task in the rhesus monkey. Initial studies indicated that DPTQ binds to primate D1R with high affinity and selectivity and elevates spontaneous eye blink rate in rhesus monkeys in a dose-dependent manner consistent with plasma ligand exposures and central D1activation. RESULTS Based on those results, DPTQ was tested at 2.5 mg/kg IM in the working memory task. No acute effect was observed 1 h after dosing, but performance was impaired 48 h later. Remarkably, this deficit was immediately followed by a significant enhancement in cognition over the next 3 days. In a second experiment in which DPTQ was administered on days 1 and 5, the early impairment was smaller and did not reach statistical significance, but statistically significant enhancement of performance was observed over the following week. Lower doses of 0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg were also capable of producing this protracted enhancement without inducing any transient impairment. CONCLUSIONS DPTQ exemplifies a class of D1PAMs that may be capable of providing long-term improvements in working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Castner
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University, 310 Cedar St, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Linli Zhang
- ChemPartner, 99 Lian He North Road, Zhe Lin Town, Fengxian Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Charles R Yang
- ChemPartner, 99 Lian He North Road, Zhe Lin Town, Fengxian Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Junliang Hao
- Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Cramer
- Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Xushan Wang
- Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Robert F Bruns
- Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | | | - Kjell A Svensson
- Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Graham V Williams
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University, 310 Cedar St, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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13
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Contreras D, Piña R, Carvallo C, Godoy F, Ugarte G, Zeise M, Rozas C, Morales B. Methylphenidate Restores Behavioral and Neuroplasticity Impairments in the Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Mouse Model of ADHD: Evidence for Involvement of AMPA Receptor Subunit Composition and Synaptic Spine Morphology in the Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137099. [PMID: 35806103 PMCID: PMC9266648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In ADHD treatment, methylphenidate (MPH) is the most frequently used medication. The present work provides evidence that MPH restored behavioral impairments and neuroplasticity due to changes in AMPAR subunit composition and distribution, as well as maturation of dendritic spines, in a prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) ADHD mouse model. PNE animals and controls were given a single oral dose of MPH (1 mg/kg), and their behavior was tested for attention, hyperactivity, and working memory. Long-term potentiation (LTP) was induced and analyzed at the CA3/CA1 synapse in hippocampal slices taken from the same animals tested behaviorally, measuring fEPSPs and whole-cell patch-clamp EPSCs. By applying crosslinking and Western blots, we estimated the LTP effects on AMPAR subunit composition and distribution. The density and types of dendritic spines were quantified by using the Golgi staining method. MPH completely restored the behavioral impairments of PNE mice. Reduced LTP and AMPA-receptor-mediated EPSCs were also restored. EPSC amplitudes were tightly correlated with numbers of GluA1/GluA1 AMPA receptors at the cell surface. Finally, we found a lower density of dendritic spines in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in PNE mice, with a higher fraction of thin-type immature spines and a lower fraction of mushroom mature spines; the latter effect was also reversed by MPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin Contreras
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (D.C.); (F.G.); (G.U.)
| | - Ricardo Piña
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago 7760197, Chile;
- Departamento de Ciencias Pedagógicas, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - Claudia Carvallo
- Centro de investigación e innovación en Gerontología Aplicada (CIGAP), Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile;
| | - Felipe Godoy
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (D.C.); (F.G.); (G.U.)
| | - Gonzalo Ugarte
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (D.C.); (F.G.); (G.U.)
| | - Marc Zeise
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
| | - Carlos Rozas
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (D.C.); (F.G.); (G.U.)
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Bernardo Morales
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (D.C.); (F.G.); (G.U.)
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (B.M.)
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14
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Han Y, Cao R, Qin L, Chen LY, Tang AH, Südhof TC, Zhang B. Neuroligin-3 confines AMPA receptors into nanoclusters, thereby controlling synaptic strength at the calyx of Held synapses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo4173. [PMID: 35704570 PMCID: PMC9200272 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The subsynaptic organization of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors into nanoclusters that are aligned with presynaptic release sites is essential for the high fidelity of synaptic transmission. However, the mechanisms controlling the nanoscale organization of neurotransmitter receptors in vivo remain incompletely understood. Here, we deconstructed the role of neuroligin-3 (Nlgn3), a postsynaptic adhesion molecule linked to autism, in organizing AMPA-type glutamate receptors in the calyx of Held synapse. Deletion of Nlgn3 lowered the amplitude and slowed the kinetics of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic responses. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that, unexpectedly, these impairments in synaptic transmission were associated with an increase in the size of postsynaptic PSD-95 and AMPA receptor nanoclusters but a decrease of the densities in these clusters. Modeling showed that a dilution of AMPA receptors into larger nanocluster volumes decreases synaptic strength. Nlgn3, likely by binding to presynaptic neurexins, thus is a key organizer of AMPA receptor nanoclusters that likely acts via PSD-95 adaptors to optimize the fidelity of synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Ran Cao
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Liming Qin
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Lulu Y. Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94043, USA
| | - Ai-Hui Tang
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Thomas C. Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94043, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
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15
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Chanaday NL, Kavalali ET. Role of the endoplasmic reticulum in synaptic transmission. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 73:102538. [PMID: 35395547 PMCID: PMC9167765 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Neurons possess a complex morphology spanning long distances and a large number of subcellular specializations such as presynaptic terminals and dendritic spines. This structural complexity is essential for maintenance of synaptic junctions and associated electrical as well as biochemical signaling events. Given the structural and functional complexity of neurons, neuronal endoplasmic reticulum is emerging as a key regulator of neuronal function, in particular synaptic signaling. Neuronal endoplasmic reticulum mediates calcium signaling, calcium and lipid homeostasis, vesicular trafficking, and proteostasis events that underlie autonomous functions of numerous subcellular compartments. However, based on its geometric complexity spanning the whole neuron, endoplasmic reticulum also integrates the activity of these autonomous compartments across the neuron and coordinates their interactions with the soma. In this article, we review recent work regarding neuronal endoplasmic reticulum function and its relationship to neurotransmission and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali L Chanaday
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240-7933, USA.
| | - Ege T Kavalali
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240-7933, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37240-7933, USA.
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16
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Grochowska KM, Andres‐Alonso M, Karpova A, Kreutz MR. The needs of a synapse—How local organelles serve synaptic proteostasis. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110057. [PMID: 35285533 PMCID: PMC8982616 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic function crucially relies on the constant supply and removal of neuronal membranes. The morphological complexity of neurons poses a significant challenge for neuronal protein transport since the machineries for protein synthesis and degradation are mainly localized in the cell soma. In response to this unique challenge, local micro‐secretory systems have evolved that are adapted to the requirements of neuronal membrane protein proteostasis. However, our knowledge of how neuronal proteins are synthesized, trafficked to membranes, and eventually replaced and degraded remains scarce. Here, we review recent insights into membrane trafficking at synaptic sites and into the contribution of local organelles and micro‐secretory pathways to synaptic function. We describe the role of endoplasmic reticulum specializations in neurons, Golgi‐related organelles, and protein complexes like retromer in the synthesis and trafficking of synaptic transmembrane proteins. We discuss the contribution of autophagy and of proteasome‐mediated and endo‐lysosomal degradation to presynaptic proteostasis and synaptic function, as well as nondegradative roles of autophagosomes and lysosomes in signaling and synapse remodeling. We conclude that the complexity of neuronal cyto‐architecture necessitates long‐distance protein transport that combines degradation with signaling functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Grochowska
- Leibniz Group “Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function” Center for Molecular Neurobiology ZMNH University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
- Research Group Neuroplasticity Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
| | - Maria Andres‐Alonso
- Leibniz Group “Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function” Center for Molecular Neurobiology ZMNH University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
- Research Group Neuroplasticity Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
| | - Anna Karpova
- Research Group Neuroplasticity Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- Leibniz Group “Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function” Center for Molecular Neurobiology ZMNH University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
- Research Group Neuroplasticity Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
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17
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Wang G, Woods C, Johnson MA, Milner TA, Glass MJ. Angiotensin II Infusion Results in Both Hypertension and Increased AMPA GluA1 Signaling in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus of Male but not Female Mice. Neuroscience 2022; 485:129-144. [PMID: 34999197 PMCID: PMC9116447 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a key role in hypertension, however the signaling pathways that contribute to the adaptability of the PVN during hypertension are uncertain. We present evidence that signaling at the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) GluA1 receptor contributes to increased blood pressure in a model of neurogenic hypertension induced by 14-day slow-pressor angiotensin II (AngII) infusion in male mice. It was found that AngII hypertension was associated with an increase in plasma membrane affiliation of GluA1, but decreased GluA2, in dendritic profiles of PVN neurons expressing the TNFα type 1 receptor, a modulator of AMPA receptor trafficking. The increased plasma membrane GluA1 was paralleled by heightened AMPA currents in PVN-spinal cord projection neurons from AngII-infused male mice. Significantly, elevated AMPA currents in AngII-treated mice were blocked by 1-Naphthyl acetyl spermine trihydrochloride, pointing to the involvement of GluA2-lacking GluA1 receptors in the heightened AMPA signaling in PVN neurons. A further functional role for GluA1 in the PVN was demonstrated by the attenuated hypertensive response following silencing of GluA1 in the PVN of AngII-infused male mice. In female mice, AngII-infusion did not impact blood pressure or plasma membrane localization of GluA1 . Post-translational modifications that increase the plasma membrane localization of AMPA GluA1 and heighten the rapid excitatory signaling actions of glutamate in PVN neurons may serve as a molecular substrate underlying sex differences in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Clara Woods
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Megan A. Johnson
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Teresa A. Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065,Harold and Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Michael J. Glass
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065,Address correspondence to: Dr. Michael J. Glass, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065; Phone: (646) 962-8253;
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18
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Bai Y, Suzuki T. Activity-dependent circuitry plasticity via the regulation of the histamine receptor level in the Drosophila visual system. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 119:103703. [PMID: 35122941 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity is crucial for responses to the environment. Although the plasticity mechanisms of presynaptic photoreceptor neurons in the Drosophila visual system have been well studied, postsynaptic modifications remain elusive. In addition, further studies on the adaption of the visual system to different light experiences at a circuitry scale are required. Using the modified transcriptional reporter of intracellular Ca2+ method, we describe a way to visualize circuitry changes according to different light experiences. We found enhanced postsynaptic neuronal activity responses in lamina monopolar neuron L2 after prolonged light treatment. Although L1 also has connections with photoreceptors, there were no enhanced activity responses in L1. We also report in this study that activity-dependent transcriptional downregulation of inhibitory histamine receptor (HR), Ort, occurs in postsynaptic neuron L2, but not in L1, during continuous light conditions. We produced exogenous Ort proteins in L2 neurons and found that it attenuated the enhanced activity response caused by constant light exposure. These findings, together with the fact that histamine is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter released by photoreceptors in the Drosophila visual system, confirmed our hypothesis that the activity-dependent transcriptional downregulation of HR is responsible for the constant light exposure-induced circuitry response changes in L2. The results successfully demonstrated the selective circuit change after synaptic remodeling evoked by long-term activation and provided in vivo evidence of circuitry plasticity upon long-term environmental stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Bai
- Graduate School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-0026, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-0026, Japan.
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19
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Rodriguez Ospina S, Blazier DM, Criado-Marrero M, Gould LA, Gebru NT, Beaulieu-Abdelahad D, Wang X, Remily-Wood E, Chaput D, Stevens S, Uversky VN, Bickford PC, Dickey CA, Blair LJ. Small Heat Shock Protein 22 Improves Cognition and Learning in the Tauopathic Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020851. [PMID: 35055033 PMCID: PMC8775832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microtubule-associated protein tau pathologically accumulates and aggregates in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies, leading to cognitive dysfunction and neuronal loss. Molecular chaperones, like small heat-shock proteins (sHsps), can help deter the accumulation of misfolded proteins, such as tau. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the overexpression of wild-type Hsp22 (wtHsp22) and its phosphomimetic (S24,57D) Hsp22 mutant (mtHsp22) could slow tau accumulation and preserve memory in a murine model of tauopathy, rTg4510. Our results show that Hsp22 protected against deficits in synaptic plasticity and cognition in the tauopathic brain. However, we did not detect a significant change in tau phosphorylation or levels in these mice. This led us to hypothesize that the functional benefit was realized through the restoration of dysfunctional pathways in hippocampi of tau transgenic mice since no significant benefit was measured in non-transgenic mice expressing wtHsp22 or mtHsp22. To identify these pathways, we performed mass spectrometry of tissue lysates from the injection site. Overall, our data reveal that Hsp22 overexpression in neurons promotes synaptic plasticity by regulating canonical pathways and upstream regulators that have been characterized as potential AD markers and synaptogenesis regulators, like EIF4E and NFKBIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rodriguez Ospina
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Danielle M. Blazier
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Marangelie Criado-Marrero
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Lauren A. Gould
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Niat T. Gebru
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - David Beaulieu-Abdelahad
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Xinming Wang
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Elizabeth Remily-Wood
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Dale Chaput
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (D.C.); (S.S.Jr.)
| | - Stanley Stevens
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (D.C.); (S.S.Jr.)
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy Pereulok, 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Paula C. Bickford
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans’ Hospital, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Chad A. Dickey
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Laura J. Blair
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (S.R.O.); (D.M.B.); (M.C.-M.); (L.A.G.); (N.T.G.); (D.B.-A.); (X.W.); (V.N.U.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans’ Hospital, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-369-0639
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20
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Feng Y, Shi R, Hu J, Lou S. Effects of neural-derived estradiol on actin polymerization and synaptic plasticity-related proteins in prefrontal and hippocampal cells of mice. Steroids 2022; 177:108935. [PMID: 34715132 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neural-derived 17β-estradiol (E2) plays an important role in the synaptic plasticity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, but the mechanism is not well defined. This study was designed to explore the effect and mechanism of neural-derived E2 on synaptic plasticity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Primary cultured hippocampal and prefrontal cells in mice were randomly divided into the DMSO (D), aromatase (Rate-limiting enzymes for E2 synthesizes) inhibitor letrozole (L), and ERs antagonist (MPG) treated groups. After intervention for 48 h, the cell was collected, and then, the expressions of AMPA-receptor subunit GluR1 (GluR1), synaptophysin (SYN), p-21-Activated kinase (PAK) phosphorylation, Rho kinase (ROCK), p-Cofilin, F-actin, and G-actin proteins were detected. Letrozole or ER antagonists inhibited the expression of GluR1, F-actin/G-actin, p-PAK and p-Cofilin proteins in prefrontal cells significantly. And the expressions of GluR1 and F-actin/G-actin proteins were declined in hippocampal cells markedly after adding letrozole or ERs antagonists. In conclusion, neural-derived E2 and ERs regulated the synaptic plasticity, possibly due to promoting actin polymerization in prefrontal and hippocampal cells. The regional specificity in the effect of neural-derived E2 and ERs on the actin polymerization-related pathway may provide a theoretical basis for the functional differences between the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Shanghai University of Sport, Kinesiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Rengfei Shi
- Shanghai University of Sport, Kinesiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyun Hu
- Shanghai University of Sport, Kinesiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Lou
- Shanghai University of Sport, Kinesiology, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Lautz JD, Tsegay KB, Zhu Z, Gniffke EP, Welsh JP, Smith SEP. Synaptic protein interaction networks encode experience by assuming stimulus-specific and brain-region-specific states. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110076. [PMID: 34852231 PMCID: PMC8722361 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A core network of widely expressed proteins within the glutamatergic post-synapse mediates activity-dependent synaptic plasticity throughout the brain, but the specific proteomic composition of synapses differs between brain regions. Here, we address the question, how does proteomic composition affect activity-dependent protein-protein interaction networks (PINs) downstream of synaptic activity? Using quantitative multiplex co-immunoprecipitation, we compare the PIN response of in vivo or ex vivo neurons derived from different brain regions to activation by different agonists or different forms of eyeblink conditioning. We report that PINs discriminate between incoming stimuli using differential kinetics of overlapping and non-overlapping PIN parameters. Further, these "molecular logic rules" differ by brain region. We conclude that although the PIN of the glutamatergic post-synapse is expressed widely throughout the brain, its activity-dependent dynamics show remarkable stimulus-specific and brain-region-specific diversity. This diversity may help explain the challenges in developing molecule-specific drug therapies for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Lautz
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kaleb B Tsegay
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zhiyi Zhu
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edward P Gniffke
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John P Welsh
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen E P Smith
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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22
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Pereyra M, Medina JH. AMPA Receptors: A Key Piece in the Puzzle of Memory Retrieval. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:729051. [PMID: 34621161 PMCID: PMC8490764 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.729051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrieval constitutes a highly regulated and dynamic phase in memory processing. Its rapid temporal scales require a coordinated molecular chain of events at the synaptic level that support transient memory trace reactivation. AMPA receptors (AMPAR) drive the majority of excitatory transmission in the brain and its dynamic features match the singular fast timescales of memory retrieval. Here we provide a review on AMPAR contribution to memory retrieval regarding its dynamic movements along the synaptic compartments, its changes in receptor number and subunit composition that take place in activity dependent processes associated with retrieval. We highlight on the differential regulations exerted by AMPAR subunits in plasticity processes and its impact on memory recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pereyra
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge H Medina
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Dr. Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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23
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Sanderson JL, Freund RK, Gorski JA, Dell'Acqua ML. β-Amyloid disruption of LTP/LTD balance is mediated by AKAP150-anchored PKA and Calcineurin regulation of Ca 2+-permeable AMPA receptors. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109786. [PMID: 34610314 PMCID: PMC8530450 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated insertion and removal of postsynaptic AMPA glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediates hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory. In Alzheimer’s disease β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers may impair learning and memory by altering AMPAR trafficking and LTP/LTD balance. Importantly, Ca2+-permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs) assembled from GluA1 subunits are excluded from hippocampal synapses basally but can be recruited rapidly during LTP and LTD to modify synaptic strength and signaling. By employing mouse knockin mutations that disrupt anchoring of the kinase PKA or phosphatase Calcineurin (CaN) to the postsynaptic scaffold protein AKAP150, we find that local AKAP-PKA signaling is required for CP-AMPAR recruitment, which can facilitate LTP but also, paradoxically, prime synapses for Aβ impairment of LTP mediated by local AKAP-CaN LTD signaling that promotes subsequent CP-AMPAR removal. These findings highlight the importance of PKA/CaN signaling balance and CP-AMPARs in normal plasticity and aberrant plasticity linked to disease. In Alzheimer’s disease, Aβ oligomers disrupt hippocampal neuronal plasticity and cognition. Sanderson et al. show how the postsynaptic scaffold protein AKAP150 coordinates PKA and Calcineurin regulation of Ca2+-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptors to mediate disruption of synaptic plasticity by Aβ oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Sanderson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ronald K Freund
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jessica A Gorski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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24
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Hansen KB, Wollmuth LP, Bowie D, Furukawa H, Menniti FS, Sobolevsky AI, Swanson GT, Swanger SA, Greger IH, Nakagawa T, McBain CJ, Jayaraman V, Low CM, Dell'Acqua ML, Diamond JS, Camp CR, Perszyk RE, Yuan H, Traynelis SF. Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:298-487. [PMID: 34753794 PMCID: PMC8626789 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many physiologic effects of l-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, are mediated via signaling by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). These ligand-gated ion channels are critical to brain function and are centrally implicated in numerous psychiatric and neurologic disorders. There are different classes of iGluRs with a variety of receptor subtypes in each class that play distinct roles in neuronal functions. The diversity in iGluR subtypes, with their unique functional properties and physiologic roles, has motivated a large number of studies. Our understanding of receptor subtypes has advanced considerably since the first iGluR subunit gene was cloned in 1989, and the research focus has expanded to encompass facets of biology that have been recently discovered and to exploit experimental paradigms made possible by technological advances. Here, we review insights from more than 3 decades of iGluR studies with an emphasis on the progress that has occurred in the past decade. We cover structure, function, pharmacology, roles in neurophysiology, and therapeutic implications for all classes of receptors assembled from the subunits encoded by the 18 ionotropic glutamate receptor genes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Glutamate receptors play important roles in virtually all aspects of brain function and are either involved in mediating some clinical features of neurological disease or represent a therapeutic target for treatment. Therefore, understanding the structure, function, and pharmacology of this class of receptors will advance our understanding of many aspects of brain function at molecular, cellular, and system levels and provide new opportunities to treat patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper B Hansen
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Lonnie P Wollmuth
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Derek Bowie
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Hiro Furukawa
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Frank S Menniti
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Alexander I Sobolevsky
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Geoffrey T Swanson
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Sharon A Swanger
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Ingo H Greger
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Terunaga Nakagawa
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chris J McBain
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chian-Ming Low
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Jeffrey S Diamond
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chad R Camp
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Riley E Perszyk
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Hongjie Yuan
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
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Harb A, Vogel N, Shaib A, Becherer U, Bruns D, Mohrmann R. Auxiliary Subunits Regulate the Dendritic Turnover of AMPA Receptors in Mouse Hippocampal Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:728498. [PMID: 34497491 PMCID: PMC8419334 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.728498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Different families of auxiliary subunits regulate the function and trafficking of native α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors in the central nervous system. While a facilitatory role of auxiliary subunits in ER export and forward trafficking of newly synthesized AMPA receptors is firmly established, it is unclear whether auxiliary subunits also control endosomal receptor turnover in dendrites. Here, we manipulated the composition of AMPA receptor complexes in cultured hippocampal neurons by overexpression of two auxiliary subunits, transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein (TARP) γ-8 or cysteine knot AMPAR-modulating protein (CKAMP) 44a, and monitored dendritic receptor cycling in live-cell imaging experiments. Receptor surface delivery was assayed using a modified AMPA receptor subunit carrying the pH-dependent fluorophore superecliptic pHluorin (SEP-GluA1), which regains its fluorescence during receptor exocytosis, when transiting from the acidic lumen of transport organelles to the neutral extracellular medium. Strikingly, we observed a dramatic reduction in the spontaneous fusion rate of AMPA receptor-containing organelles in neurons overexpressing either type of auxiliary subunit. An analysis of intracellular receptor distribution also revealed a decreased receptor pool in dendritic recycling endosomes, suggesting that incorporation of TARPγ-8 or CKAMP44a in receptor complexes generally diminishes cycling through the endosomal compartment. To directly analyze dendritic receptor turnover, we also generated a new reporter by N-terminal fusion of a self-labeling HaloTag to an AMPA receptor subunit (HaloTag-GluA1), which allows for selective, irreversible staining of surface receptors. Pulse chase-experiments with HaloTag-GluA1 indeed demonstrated that overexpression of TARPγ-8 or CKAMP44a reduces the constitutive internalization rate of surface receptors at extrasynaptic but not synaptic sites. Thus, our data point to a yet unrecognized regulatory function of TARPγ-8 and CKAMP44a, by which these structurally unrelated auxiliary subunits delay local recycling and increase surface lifetime of extrasynaptic AMPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Harb
- Zentrum für Human- und Molekularbiologie, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Department of Anaesthesiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nils Vogel
- Institute for Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ali Shaib
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ute Becherer
- Institute for Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Bruns
- Institute for Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Mohrmann
- Institute for Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Mihalas S, Ardiles A, He K, Palacios A, Kirkwood A. A Multisubcellular Compartment Model of AMPA Receptor Trafficking for Neuromodulation of Hebbian Synaptic Plasticity. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:703621. [PMID: 34456706 PMCID: PMC8385783 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.703621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulation can profoundly impact the gain and polarity of postsynaptic changes in Hebbian synaptic plasticity. An emerging pattern observed in multiple central synapses is a pull–push type of control in which activation of receptors coupled to the G-protein Gs promote long-term potentiation (LTP) at the expense of long-term depression (LTD), whereas receptors coupled to Gq promote LTD at the expense of LTP. Notably, coactivation of both Gs- and Gq-coupled receptors enhances the gain of both LTP and LTD. To account for these observations, we propose a simple kinetic model in which AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are trafficked between multiple subcompartments in and around the postsynaptic spine. In the model AMPARs in the postsynaptic density compartment (PSD) are the primary contributors to synaptic conductance. During LTP induction, AMPARs are trafficked to the PSD primarily from a relatively small perisynaptic (peri-PSD) compartment. Gs-coupled receptors promote LTP by replenishing peri-PSD through increased AMPAR exocytosis from a pool of endocytic AMPAR. During LTD induction AMPARs are trafficked in the reverse direction, from the PSD to the peri-PSD compartment, and Gq-coupled receptors promote LTD by clearing the peri-PSD compartment through increased AMPAR endocytosis. We claim that the model not only captures essential features of the pull–push neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity, but it is also consistent with other actions of neuromodulators observed in slice experiments and is compatible with the current understanding of AMPAR trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mihalas
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alvaro Ardiles
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Kaiwen He
- Mind Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Adrian Palacios
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alfredo Kirkwood
- Mind Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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27
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Watson JF, Pinggera A, Ho H, Greger IH. AMPA receptor anchoring at CA1 synapses is determined by N-terminal domain and TARP γ8 interactions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5083. [PMID: 34426577 PMCID: PMC8382838 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AMPA receptor (AMPAR) abundance and positioning at excitatory synapses regulates the strength of transmission. Changes in AMPAR localisation can enact synaptic plasticity, allowing long-term information storage, and is therefore tightly controlled. Multiple mechanisms regulating AMPAR synaptic anchoring have been described, but with limited coherence or comparison between reports, our understanding of this process is unclear. Here, combining synaptic recordings from mouse hippocampal slices and super-resolution imaging in dissociated cultures, we compare the contributions of three AMPAR interaction domains controlling transmission at hippocampal CA1 synapses. We show that the AMPAR C-termini play only a modulatory role, whereas the extracellular N-terminal domain (NTD) and PDZ interactions of the auxiliary subunit TARP γ8 are both crucial, and each is sufficient to maintain transmission. Our data support a model in which γ8 accumulates AMPARs at the postsynaptic density, where the NTD further tunes their positioning. This interplay between cytosolic (TARP γ8) and synaptic cleft (NTD) interactions provides versatility to regulate synaptic transmission and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake F Watson
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Alexandra Pinggera
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hinze Ho
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ingo H Greger
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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28
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Risner ML, Pasini S, Chamling X, McGrady NR, Goldberg JL, Zack DJ, Calkins DJ. Intrinsic Morphologic and Physiologic Development of Human Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vitro. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:1. [PMID: 34383881 PMCID: PMC8362626 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.10.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human retinal ganglion cells (hRGC) derived from human pluripotent stem cells are promising candidates to model, protect, and replace degenerating RGCs. Here, we examined intrinsic morphologic and physiologic development of hRGCs. Methods We used CRISPR-Cas9 to selectively express tdTomato under the RGC-specific promoter, BRN3B. Human pluripotent stem cells were chemically differentiated into hRGCs and cultured up to 7 weeks. We measured soma area, neurite complexity, synaptic protein, axon-related messenger RNA and protein, and voltage-dependent responses. Results Soma area, neurite complexity, and postsynaptic density protein 95 increased over time. Soma area and neurite complexity increased proportionally week to week, and this relationship was dynamic, strengthening between 2 and 3 weeks and diminishing by 4 weeks. Postsynaptic density 95 localization was dependent on culture duration. After 1 to 2 weeks, postsynaptic density 95 localized within somas but redistributed along neurites after 3 to 4 weeks. Axon initial segment scaffolding protein, Ankyrin G, expression also increased over time, and by 7 weeks, Ankyrin G often localized within putative axons. Voltage-gated inward currents progressively developed, but outward currents matured by 4 weeks. Current-induced spike generation increased over time but limited by depolarization block. Conclusions Human RGCs develop up to 7 weeks after culture. Thus, the state of hRGC maturation should be accounted for in designing models and treatments for optic neuropathies. Translational Relevance We characterized hRGC morphologic and physiologic development towards identifying key time points when hRGCs express mechanisms that may be harnessed to enhance the efficacy of neuroprotective and cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Risner
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Silvia Pasini
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xitiz Chamling
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nolan R McGrady
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Byers Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Donald J Zack
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David J Calkins
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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29
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Brachet A, Lario A, Fernández-Rodrigo A, Heisler FF, Gutiérrez Y, Lobo C, Kneussel M, Esteban JA. A kinesin 1-protrudin complex mediates AMPA receptor synaptic removal during long-term depression. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109499. [PMID: 34348158 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The synaptic removal of AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) is a core mechanism for hippocampal long-term depression (LTD). In this study, we address the role of microtubule-dependent transport of AMPARs as a driver for vesicular trafficking and sorting during LTD. Here, we show that the kinesin-1 motor KIF5A/C is strictly required for LTD expression in CA3-to-CA1 hippocampal synapses. Specifically, we find that KIF5 is required for an efficient internalization of AMPARs after NMDA receptor activation. We show that the KIF5/AMPAR complex is assembled in an activity-dependent manner and associates with microsomal membranes upon LTD induction. This interaction is facilitated by the vesicular adaptor protrudin, which is also required for LTD expression. We propose that protrudin links KIF5-dependent transport to endosomal sorting, preventing AMPAR recycling to synapses after LTD induction. Therefore, this work identifies an activity-dependent molecular motor and the vesicular adaptor protein that executes AMPAR synaptic removal during LTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brachet
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Argentina Lario
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Fernández-Rodrigo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank F Heisler
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yolanda Gutiérrez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Lobo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - José A Esteban
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Mele M, De Luca P, Santos AR, Vieira M, Salazar IL, Pinheiro PS, Duarte CB. GRASP1 ubiquitination regulates AMPA receptor surface expression and synaptic activity in cultured hippocampal neurons. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21763. [PMID: 34245609 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903061rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synaptic expression of glutamate receptors of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) type is dynamically controlled by interaction with binding partners and auxiliary proteins. These proteins can be regulated by posttranslational modifications, including ubiquitination. In this work, we investigated the regulation of glutamate receptor interacting protein-associated protein 1 (GRASP1) by ubiquitin-dependent mechanisms and its impact on surface expression and activity of synaptic AMPA receptors. Cotransfection of GFP-ubiquitin decreased myc-GRASP1 protein levels in HEK293T cells, and this effect was inhibited upon transfection of an ubiquitin mutant that cannot be ubiquitinated on Lys48. In addition, transfection of cultured hippocampal neurons with GFP-ubiquitin reduced the dendritic levels of endogenous GRASP1 and decreased the surface expression of GluA1 AMPA receptor subunits, an effect that was partly reversed by cotransfection with GRASP1. Similarly, transfection of hippocampal neurons with GFP-ubiquitin decreased the amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) mediated by Ca2+ -impermeable AMPA receptors, and this effect was abrogated by cotransfection of GRASP1. Together, the results show a role for ubiquitination in the regulation of the postsynaptic protein GRASP1, which has an impact on the surface distribution of AMPA receptors and on their activity at the synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Mele
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pasqualino De Luca
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Santos
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Vieira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ivan L Salazar
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo S Pinheiro
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos B Duarte
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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31
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Ramos-Vicente D, Grant SG, Bayés À. Metazoan evolution and diversity of glutamate receptors and their auxiliary subunits. Neuropharmacology 2021; 195:108640. [PMID: 34116111 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems. Proteins involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission, and chiefly glutamate receptors and their auxiliary subunits, play key roles in nervous system function. Thus, understanding their evolution and uncovering their diversity is essential to comprehend how nervous systems evolved, shaping cognitive function. Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of these proteins across metazoans have revealed that their evolution is much more complex than what can be anticipated from vertebrate genomes. This is particularly true for ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), as their current classification into 6 classes (AMPA, Kainate, Delta, NMDA1, NMDA2 and NMDA3) would be largely incomplete. New work proposes a classification of iGluRs into 4 subfamilies that encompass 10 classes. Vertebrate AMPA, Kainate and Delta receptors would belong to one of these subfamilies, named AKDF, the NMDA subunits would constitute another subfamily and non-vertebrate iGluRs would be organised into the previously unreported Epsilon and Lambda subfamilies. Similarly, the animal evolution of metabotropic glutamate receptors has resulted in the formation of four classes of these receptors, instead of the three currently recognised. Here we review our current knowledge on the animal evolution of glutamate receptors and their auxiliary subunits. This article is part of the special issue on 'Glutamate Receptors - Orphan iGluRs'.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ramos-Vicente
- Molecular Physiology of the Synapse Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Seth Gn Grant
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain (SIDB), Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Àlex Bayés
- Molecular Physiology of the Synapse Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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32
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Transcriptomic expression of AMPA receptor subunits and their auxiliary proteins in the human brain. Neurosci Lett 2021; 755:135938. [PMID: 33915226 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Receptors to glutamate of the AMPA type (AMPARs) serve as the major gates of excitation in the human brain, where they participate in fundamental processes underlying perception, cognition and movement. Due to their central role in brain function, dysregulation of these receptors has been implicated in neuropathological states associated with a large variety of diseases that manifest with abnormal behaviors. The participation of functional abnormalities of AMPARs in brain disorders is strongly supported by genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic studies. Most of these studies have focused on the expression and function of the subunits that make up the channel and define AMPARs (GRIA1-GRIA4), as well of some accessory proteins. However, it is increasingly evident that native AMPARs are composed of a complex array of accessory proteins that regulate their trafficking, localization, kinetics and pharmacology, and a better understanding of the diversity and regional expression of these accessory proteins is largely needed. In this review we will provide an update on the state of current knowledge of AMPA receptors subunits in the context of their accessory proteins at the transcriptome level. We also summarize the regional expression in the human brain and its correlation with the channel forming subunits. Finally, we discuss some of the current limitations of transcriptomic analysis and propose potential ways to overcome them.
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33
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Cook SG, Buonarati OR, Coultrap SJ, Bayer KU. CaMKII holoenzyme mechanisms that govern the LTP versus LTD decision. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/16/eabe2300. [PMID: 33853773 PMCID: PMC8046365 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Higher brain functions are thought to require synaptic frequency decoding that can lead to long-term potentiation (LTP) or depression (LTD). We show that the LTP versus LTD decision is determined by complex cross-regulation of T286 and T305/306 autophosphorylation within the 12meric CaMKII holoenzyme, which enabled molecular computation of stimulus frequency, amplitude, and duration. Both LTP and LTD require T286 phosphorylation, but T305/306 phosphorylation selectively promoted LTD. In response to excitatory LTP versus LTD stimuli, the differential T305/306 phosphorylation directed CaMKII movement to either excitatory or inhibitory synapses, thereby coordinating plasticity at both synapse types. Fast T305/306 phosphorylation required prior T286 phosphorylation and then curbed CaMKII activity by two mechanisms: (i) a cis-subunit reaction reduced both Ca2+ stimulation and autonomous activity and (ii) a trans-subunit reaction enabled complete activity shutdown and feed-forward inhibition of further T286 phosphorylation. These are fundamental additions to the long-studied CaMKII regulation and function in neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G Cook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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34
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Pereyra M, de Landeta AB, Dalto JF, Katche C, Medina JH. AMPA Receptor Expression Requirement During Long-Term Memory Retrieval and Its Association with mTORC1 Signaling. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1711-1722. [PMID: 33244735 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it was reported that mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity during memory retrieval is required for normal expression of aversive and non-aversive long-term memories. Here we used inhibitory-avoidance task to evaluate the potential mechanisms by which mTORC1 signaling pathway participates in memory retrieval. First, we studied the role of GluA-subunit trafficking during memory recall and its relationship with mTORC1 pathway. We found that pretest intrahippocampal infusion of GluR23ɣ, a peptide that selectively blocks GluA2-containing AMPA receptor (AMPAR) endocytosis, prevented the amnesia induced by the inhibition of mTORC1 during retrieval. Additionally, we found that GluA1 levels decreased and GluA2 levels increased at the hippocampal postsynaptic density subcellular fraction of rapamycin-infused animals during memory retrieval. GluA2 levels remained intact while GluA1 decreased at the synaptic plasma membrane fraction. Then, we evaluated the requirement of AMPAR subunit expression during memory retrieval. Intrahippocampal infusion of GluA1 or GluA2 antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) 3 h before testing impaired memory retention. The memory impairment induced by GluA2 ASO before retrieval was reverted by GluA23ɣ infusion 1 h before testing. However, AMPAR endocytosis blockade was not sufficient to compensate GluA1 synthesis inhibition. Our work indicates that de novo GluA1 and GluA2 AMPAR subunit expression is required for memory retrieval with potential different roles for each subunit and suggests that mTORC1 might regulate AMPAR trafficking during retrieval. Our present results highlight the role of mTORC1 as a key determinant of memory retrieval that impacts the recruitment of different AMPAR subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pereyra
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Dr. Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Belén de Landeta
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Dr. Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juliana Fátima Dalto
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Dr. Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cynthia Katche
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Dr. Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge H Medina
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Dr. Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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35
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Jiang CH, Wei M, Zhang C, Shi YS. The amino-terminal domain of GluA1 mediates LTP maintenance via interaction with neuroplastin-65. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2019194118. [PMID: 33627404 PMCID: PMC7936340 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019194118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) has long been considered as an important cellular mechanism for learning and memory. LTP expression involves NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic insertion of AMPA receptors (AMPARs). However, how AMPARs are recruited and anchored at the postsynaptic membrane during LTP remains largely unknown. In this study, using CRISPR/Cas9 to delete the endogenous AMPARs and replace them with the mutant forms in single neurons, we have found that the amino-terminal domain (ATD) of GluA1 is required for LTP maintenance. Moreover, we show that GluA1 ATD directly interacts with the cell adhesion molecule neuroplastin-65 (Np65). Neurons lacking Np65 exhibit severely impaired LTP maintenance, and Np65 deletion prevents GluA1 from rescuing LTP in AMPARs-deleted neurons. Thus, our study reveals an essential role for GluA1/Np65 binding in anchoring AMPARs at the postsynaptic membrane during LTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, 210032 Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, 210032 Nanjing, China
| | - Mengping Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, 210032 Nanjing, China;
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, 210032 Nanjing, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, 210032 Nanjing, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, 210032 Nanjing, China
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36
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Tereshko L, Gao Y, Cary BA, Turrigiano GG, Sengupta P. Ciliary neuropeptidergic signaling dynamically regulates excitatory synapses in postnatal neocortical pyramidal neurons. eLife 2021; 10:e65427. [PMID: 33650969 PMCID: PMC7952091 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are compartmentalized sensory organelles present on the majority of neurons in the mammalian brain throughout adulthood. Recent evidence suggests that cilia regulate multiple aspects of neuronal development, including the maintenance of neuronal connectivity. However, whether ciliary signals can dynamically modulate postnatal circuit excitability is unknown. Here we show that acute cell-autonomous knockdown of ciliary signaling rapidly strengthens glutamatergic inputs onto cultured rat neocortical pyramidal neurons and increases spontaneous firing. This increased excitability occurs without changes to passive neuronal properties or intrinsic excitability. Further, the neuropeptide receptor somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3) is localized nearly exclusively to excitatory neuron cilia both in vivo and in culture, and pharmacological manipulation of SSTR3 signaling bidirectionally modulates excitatory synaptic inputs onto these neurons. Our results indicate that ciliary neuropeptidergic signaling dynamically modulates excitatory synapses and suggest that defects in this regulation may underlie a subset of behavioral and cognitive disorders associated with ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Tereshko
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Brian A Cary
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | | | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
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37
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Safari MS, Obexer D, Baier-Bitterlich G, Zur Nedden S. PKN1 Is a Novel Regulator of Hippocampal GluA1 Levels. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:640495. [PMID: 33613259 PMCID: PMC7892898 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.640495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the processes that control α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) expression, assembly and trafficking are closely linked to psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. We have recently shown that the serine/threonine kinase Protein kinase N1 (PKN1) is a developmentally active regulator of cerebellar synaptic maturation by inhibiting AKT and the neurogenic transcription factor neurogenic differentiation factor-2 (NeuroD2). NeuroD2 is involved in glutamatergic synaptic maturation by regulating expression levels of various synaptic proteins. Here we aimed to study the effect of Pkn1 knockout on AKT phosphorylation and NeuroD2 levels in the hippocampus and the subsequent expression levels of the NeuroD2 targets and AMPAR subunits: glutamate receptor 1 (GluA1) and GluA2/3. We show that PKN1 is expressed throughout the hippocampus. Interestingly, not only postnatal but also adult hippocampal phospho-AKT and NeuroD2 levels were significantly elevated upon Pkn1 knockout. Postnatal and adult Pkn1 -/- hippocampi showed enhanced expression of the AMPAR subunit GluA1, particularly in area CA1. Surprisingly, GluA2/3 levels were not different between both genotypes. In addition to higher protein levels, we also found an enhanced GluA1 content in the membrane fraction of postnatal and adult Pkn1 -/- animals, while GluA2/3 levels remained unchanged. This points toward a very specific regulation of GluA1 expression and/or trafficking by the novel PKN1-AKT-NeuroD2 axis. Considering the important role of GluA1 in hippocampal development as well as the pathophysiology of several disorders, ranging from Alzheimer's, to depression and schizophrenia, our results validate PKN1 for future studies into neurological disorders related to altered AMPAR subunit expression in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Solina Safari
- CCB-Biocenter, Institute of Neurobiochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dido Obexer
- CCB-Biocenter, Institute of Neurobiochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Stephanie Zur Nedden
- CCB-Biocenter, Institute of Neurobiochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Ji B, Skup M. Roles of palmitoylation in structural long-term synaptic plasticity. Mol Brain 2021; 14:8. [PMID: 33430908 PMCID: PMC7802216 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are important cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory processes. N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent LTP and LTD play especially crucial roles in these functions, and their expression depends on changes in the number and single channel conductance of the major ionotropic glutamate receptor α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) located on the postsynaptic membrane. Structural changes in dendritic spines comprise the morphological platform and support for molecular changes in the execution of synaptic plasticity and memory storage. At the molecular level, spine morphology is directly determined by actin cytoskeleton organization within the spine and indirectly stabilized and consolidated by scaffold proteins at the spine head. Palmitoylation, as a uniquely reversible lipid modification with the ability to regulate protein membrane localization and trafficking, plays significant roles in the structural and functional regulation of LTP and LTD. Altered structural plasticity of dendritic spines is also considered a hallmark of neurodevelopmental disorders, while genetic evidence strongly links abnormal brain function to impaired palmitoylation. Numerous studies have indicated that palmitoylation contributes to morphological spine modifications. In this review, we have gathered data showing that the regulatory proteins that modulate the actin network and scaffold proteins related to AMPAR-mediated neurotransmission also undergo palmitoylation and play roles in modifying spine architecture during structural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjun Ji
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Skup
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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Changes in Hippocampal Plasticity in Depression and Therapeutic Approaches Influencing These Changes. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8861903. [PMID: 33293948 PMCID: PMC7718046 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8861903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common neurological disease that seriously affects human health. There are many hypotheses about the pathogenesis of depression, and the most widely recognized and applied is the monoamine hypothesis. However, no hypothesis can fully explain the pathogenesis of depression. At present, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurogenesis hypotheses have highlighted the important role of plasticity in depression. The plasticity of neurons and glial cells plays a vital role in the transmission and integration of signals in the central nervous system. Plasticity is the adaptive change in the nervous system in response to changes in external signals. The hippocampus is an important anatomical area associated with depression. Studies have shown that some antidepressants can treat depression by changing the plasticity of the hippocampus. Furthermore, caloric restriction has also been shown to affect antidepressant and hippocampal plasticity changes. In this review, we summarize the latest research, focusing on changes in the plasticity of hippocampal neurons and glial cells in depression and the role of BDNF in the changes in hippocampal plasticity in depression, as well as caloric restriction and mitochondrial plasticity. This review may contribute to the development of antidepressant drugs and elucidating the mechanism of depression.
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Pérez-Villegas EM, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Negrete-Díaz JV, Ruiz R, Rosa JL, de Toledo GA, Rodríguez-Moreno A, Armengol JA. HERC1 Ubiquitin Ligase Is Required for Hippocampal Learning and Memory. Front Neuroanat 2020; 14:592797. [PMID: 33328904 PMCID: PMC7710975 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2020.592797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the human HERC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase protein develop intellectual disability. The tambaleante (tbl) mouse carries a HERC1 mutation characterized by cerebellar ataxia due of adult cerebellar Purkinje cells death by extensive autophagy. Our previous studies demonstrated that both the neuromuscular junction and the peripheral nerve myelin sheaths are also affected in this mutant. Moreover, there are signs of dysregulated autophagy in the central nervous system in the tbl mouse, affecting spinal cord motor neurons, and pyramidal neurons of the neocortex and the hippocampal CA3 region. The tbl mutation affects associative learning, with absence of short- and long-term potentiation in the lateral amygdala, altered spinogenesis in their neurons, and a dramatic decrease in their glutamatergic input. To assess whether other brain areas engaged in learning processes might be affected by the tbl mutation, we have studied the tbl hippocampus using behavioral tests, ex vivo electrophysiological recordings, immunohistochemistry, the Golgi-Cox method and transmission electron microscopy. The tbl mice performed poorly in the novel-object recognition, T-maze and Morris water maze tests. In addition, there was a decrease in glutamatergic input while the GABAergic one remains unaltered in the hippocampal CA1 region of tbl mice, accompanied by changes in the dendritic spines, and signs of cellular damage. Moreover, the proportions of immature and mature neurons in the dentate gyrus of the tbl hippocampus differ relative to the control mice. Together, these observations demonstrate the important role of HERC1 in regulating synaptic activity during learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. Pérez-Villegas
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Mikel Pérez-Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - José V. Negrete-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- División de Ciencias de la Salud e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Rocío Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, IBIDELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - José A. Armengol
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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Sanders SS, Hernandez LM, Soh H, Karnam S, Walikonis RS, Tzingounis AV, Thomas GM. The palmitoyl acyltransferase ZDHHC14 controls Kv1-family potassium channel clustering at the axon initial segment. eLife 2020; 9:56058. [PMID: 33185190 PMCID: PMC7685708 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The palmitoyl acyltransferase (PAT) ZDHHC14 is highly expressed in the hippocampus and is the only PAT predicted to bind Type-I PDZ domain-containing proteins. However, ZDHHC14’s neuronal roles are unknown. Here, we identify the PDZ domain-containing Membrane-associated Guanylate Kinase (MaGUK) PSD93 as a direct ZDHHC14 interactor and substrate. PSD93, but not other MaGUKs, localizes to the axon initial segment (AIS). Using lentiviral-mediated shRNA knockdown in rat hippocampal neurons, we find that ZDHHC14 controls palmitoylation and AIS clustering of PSD93 and also of Kv1 potassium channels, which directly bind PSD93. Neurodevelopmental expression of ZDHHC14 mirrors that of PSD93 and Kv1 channels and, consistent with ZDHHC14’s importance for Kv1 channel clustering, loss of ZDHHC14 decreases outward currents and increases action potential firing in hippocampal neurons. To our knowledge, these findings identify the first neuronal roles and substrates for ZDHHC14 and reveal a previously unappreciated role for palmitoylation in control of neuronal excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun S Sanders
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Luiselys M Hernandez
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Heun Soh
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States
| | - Santi Karnam
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Randall S Walikonis
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States
| | | | - Gareth M Thomas
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
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42
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Qu W, Yuan B, Liu J, Liu Q, Zhang X, Cui R, Yang W, Li B. Emerging role of AMPA receptor subunit GluA1 in synaptic plasticity: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12959. [PMID: 33188547 PMCID: PMC7791177 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that GluA1 mediated synaptic plasticity plays a central role in the early development of AD. The complex cellular and molecular mechanisms that enable GluA1‐related synaptic regulation remain to fully understood. Particularly, understanding the mechanisms that disrupt GluA1 related synaptic plasticity is central to the development of disease‐modifying therapies which are sorely needed as the incidence of AD rises. We surmise that the published evidence establishes deficits in synaptic plasticity as a central factor of AD aetiology. We additionally highlight potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD, and we delve into the roles of GluA1 in learning and memory. Particularly, we review the current understanding of the molecular interactions that confer the actions of this ubiquitous excitatory receptor subunit including post‐translational modification and accessory protein recruitment of the GluA1 subunit. These are proposed to regulate receptor trafficking, recycling, channel conductance and synaptic transmission and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Qu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baoming Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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43
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Lisek M, Zylinska L, Boczek T. Ketamine and Calcium Signaling-A Crosstalk for Neuronal Physiology and Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218410. [PMID: 33182497 PMCID: PMC7665128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is a non-competitive antagonist of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor, which has been in clinical practice for over a half century. Despite recent data suggesting its harmful side effects, such as neuronal loss, synapse dysfunction or disturbed neural network formation, the drug is still applied in veterinary medicine and specialist anesthesia. Several lines of evidence indicate that structural and functional abnormalities in the nervous system caused by ketamine are crosslinked with the imbalanced activity of multiple Ca2+-regulated signaling pathways. Due to its ubiquitous nature, Ca2+ is also frequently located in the center of ketamine action, although the precise mechanisms underlying drug’s negative or therapeutic properties remain mysterious for the large part. This review seeks to delineate the relationship between ketamine-triggered imbalance in Ca2+ homeostasis and functional consequences for downstream processes regulating key aspects of neuronal function.
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Glutamatergic Receptor Trafficking and Delivery: Role of the Exocyst Complex. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112402. [PMID: 33153008 PMCID: PMC7693776 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells comprise several intracellular membrane compartments that allow them to function properly. One of these functions is cargo movement, typically proteins and membranes within cells. These cargoes ride microtubules through vesicles from Golgi and recycling endosomes to the plasma membrane in order to be delivered and exocytosed. In neurons, synaptic functions employ this cargo trafficking to maintain inter-neuronal communication optimally. One of the complexes that oversee vesicle trafficking and tethering is the exocyst. The exocyst is a protein complex containing eight subunits first identified in yeast and then characterized in multicellular organisms. This complex is related to several cellular processes, including cellular growth, division, migration, and morphogenesis, among others. It has been associated with glutamatergic receptor trafficking and tethering into the synapse, providing the molecular machinery to deliver receptor-containing vesicles into the plasma membrane in a constitutive manner. In this review, we discuss the evidence so far published regarding receptor trafficking and the exocyst complex in both basal and stimulated levels, comparing constitutive trafficking and long-term potentiation-related trafficking.
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45
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Wingert B, Krieger J, Li H, Bahar I. Adaptability and specificity: how do proteins balance opposing needs to achieve function? Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 67:25-32. [PMID: 33053463 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many proteins select from a small repertoire of 3-dimensional folds retained over evolutional timescales and recruited for different functions, with changes in local structure and sequence to enable specificity. Recent studies have revealed the evolutionary constraints on protein dynamics to achieve function. The significance of protein dynamics in simultaneously satisfying conformational flexibility/malleability and stability/precision requirements becomes clear upon dissecting the spectrum of equilibrium motions accessible to fold families. Accessibility to highly conserved global modes of motions shared by family members, to low-to-intermediate-frequency modes that distinguish subfamilies and confer specificity, and to conserved high-frequency modes ensuring chemical precision and core stability underlies functional specialization while exploiting highly versatile folds. These design principles are illustrated for the family of PDZ domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bentley Wingert
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - James Krieger
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Hongchun Li
- Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery at Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
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46
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Tullis JE, Rumian NL, Brown CN, Bayer KU. The CaMKII K42M and K42R mutations are equivalent in suppressing kinase activity and targeting. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236478. [PMID: 32716967 PMCID: PMC7384616 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
CaMKII is an important mediator of forms of synaptic plasticity that are thought to underly learning and memory. The CaMKII mutants K42M and K42R have been used interchangeably as research tools, although some reported phenotypic differences suggest that they may differ in the extent to which they impair ATP binding. Here, we directly compared the two mutations at the high ATP concentrations that exist within cells (~4 mM). We found that both mutations equally blocked GluA1 phosphorylation in vitro and GluN2B binding within cells. Both mutations also reduced but did not completely abolish CaMKII T286 autophosphorylation in vitro or CaMKII movement to excitatory synapses in neurons. Thus, despite previously suggested differences, both mutations appear to interfere with ATP binding to the same extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E. Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Nicole Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - K. Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
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47
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CircGRIA1 shows an age-related increase in male macaque brain and regulates synaptic plasticity and synaptogenesis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3594. [PMID: 32681011 PMCID: PMC7367861 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abundant in mammalian brain and some show age-dependent expression patterns. Here, we report that circGRIA1, a conserved circRNA isoform derived from the genomic loci of α-mino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit Gria1, shows an age-related and male-specific increase in expression in the rhesus macaque prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We show circGRIA1 is predominantly localized to the nucleus, and find an age-related increase in its association with the promoter region of Gria1 gene, suggesting it has a regulatory role in Gria1 transcription. In vitro and in vivo manipulation of circGRIA1 negatively regulates Gria1 mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of circGRIA1 results in an age-related improvement of synaptogenesis, and GluR1 activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal neurons in males. Our findings underscore the importance of circRNA regulation and offer an insight into the biology of brain aging.
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48
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Deyts C, Clutter M, Pierce N, Chakrabarty P, Ladd TB, Goddi A, Rosario AM, Cruz P, Vetrivel K, Wagner SL, Thinakaran G, Golde TE, Parent AT. APP-Mediated Signaling Prevents Memory Decline in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Cell Rep 2020; 27:1345-1355.e6. [PMID: 31042463 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its metabolites play key roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Whereas short amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides derived from APP are pathogenic, the APP holoprotein serves multiple purposes in the nervous system through its cell adhesion and receptor-like properties. Our studies focused on the signaling mediated by the APP cytoplasmic tail. We investigated whether sustained APP signaling during brain development might favor neuronal plasticity and memory process through a direct interaction with the heterotrimeric G-protein subunit GαS (stimulatory G-protein alpha subunit). Our results reveal that APP possesses autonomous regulatory capacity within its intracellular domain that promotes APP cell surface residence, precludes Aβ production, facilitates axodendritic development, and preserves cellular substrates of memory. Altogether, these events contribute to strengthening cognitive functions and are sufficient to modify the course of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Deyts
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mary Clutter
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nicholas Pierce
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Thomas B Ladd
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Anna Goddi
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Awilda M Rosario
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Pedro Cruz
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kulandaivelu Vetrivel
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Steven L Wagner
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Gopal Thinakaran
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Todd E Golde
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Angèle T Parent
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, 924 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Hayashi T. Post-translational palmitoylation of ionotropic glutamate receptors in excitatory synaptic functions. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 178:784-797. [PMID: 32159240 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian CNS, glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter. Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are responsible for the glutamate-mediated postsynaptic excitation of neurons. Regulation of glutamatergic synapses is critical for higher brain functions including neural communication, memory formation, learning, emotion, and behaviour. Many previous studies have shown that post-translational protein S-palmitoylation, the only reversible covalent attachment of lipid to protein, regulates synaptic expression, intracellular localization, and membrane trafficking of iGluRs and their scaffolding proteins in neurons. This modification mechanism is extremely conserved in the vertebrate lineages. The failure of appropriate palmitoylation-dependent regulation of iGluRs leads to hyperexcitability that reduces the maintenance of network stability, resulting in brain disorders, such as epileptic seizures. This review summarizes advances in the study of palmitoylation of iGluRs, especially AMPA receptors and NMDA receptors, and describes the current understanding of palmitoylation-dependent regulation of excitatory glutamatergic synapses. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Neurochemistry in Japan. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hayashi
- Section of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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50
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Purkey AM, Dell’Acqua ML. Phosphorylation-Dependent Regulation of Ca 2+-Permeable AMPA Receptors During Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2020; 12:8. [PMID: 32292336 PMCID: PMC7119613 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Experience-dependent learning and memory require multiple forms of plasticity at hippocampal and cortical synapses that are regulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDAR, AMPAR). These plasticity mechanisms include long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD), which are Hebbian input-specific mechanisms that rapidly increase or decrease AMPAR synaptic strength at specific inputs, and homeostatic plasticity that globally scales-up or -down AMPAR synaptic strength across many or even all inputs. Frequently, these changes in synaptic strength are also accompanied by a change in the subunit composition of AMPARs at the synapse due to the trafficking to and from the synapse of receptors lacking GluA2 subunits. These GluA2-lacking receptors are most often GluA1 homomeric receptors that exhibit higher single-channel conductance and are Ca2+-permeable (CP-AMPAR). This review article will focus on the role of protein phosphorylation in regulation of GluA1 CP-AMPAR recruitment and removal from hippocampal synapses during synaptic plasticity with an emphasis on the crucial role of local signaling by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and the Ca2+calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase 2B/calcineurin (CaN) that is coordinated by the postsynaptic scaffold protein A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150 (AKAP79/150).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark L. Dell’Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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