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Mitra S, Chen MT, Stedman F, Hernandez J, Kumble G, Kang X, Zhang C, Tang G, Daugherty I, Liu W, Ocloo J, Klucznik KR, Li AA, Heinrich F, Deslouches B, Tristram-Nagle S. How Unnatural Amino Acids in Antimicrobial Peptides Change Interactions with Lipid Model Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39328031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c04152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternatives to combat antibiotic resistance, with a focus on two AMPs containing unnatural amino acids (UAAs), E2-53R (16 AAs) and LE-54R (14 AAs). In both peptides, valine is replaced by norvaline (Nva), and tryptophan is replaced by 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (Tic). Microbiological studies reveal their potent activity against both Gram-negative (G(-)) and Gram-positive (G(+)) bacteria without any toxicity to eukaryotic cells at test concentrations up to 32 μM. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy indicates that these peptides maintain α-helical structures when interacting with G(-) and G(+) lipid model membranes (LMMs), a feature linked to their efficacy. X-ray diffuse scattering (XDS) demonstrates a softening of G(-), G(+) and eukaryotic (Euk33) LMMs and a nonmonotonic decrease in chain order as a potential determinant for bacterial membrane destabilization. Additionally, XDS finds a significant link between both peptides' interfacial location in G(-) and G(+) LMMs and their efficacy. Neutron reflectometry (NR) confirms the AMP locations determined using XDS. Lack of toxicity in eukaryotic cells may be related to their loss of α-helicity and their hydrocarbon location in Euk33 LMMs. Both AMPs with UAAs offer a novel strategy to wipe out antibiotic-resistant strains while maintaining human cells. These findings are compared with previously published data on E2-35, which consists of the natural amino acids arginine, tryptophan, and valine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Mitra
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mei-Tung Chen
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Francisca Stedman
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jedidiah Hernandez
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grace Kumble
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xi Kang
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Churan Zhang
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grace Tang
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Ian Daugherty
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Wanqing Liu
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jeremy Ocloo
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kevin Raphael Klucznik
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Alexander Anzhi Li
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Frank Heinrich
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Farzi N, Oloomi M, Bahramali G, Siadat SD, Bouzari S. Antibacterial Properties and Efficacy of LL-37 Fragment GF-17D3 and Scolopendin A2 Peptides Against Resistant Clinical Strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii In Vitro and In Vivo Model Studies. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:796-814. [PMID: 37148452 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii have emerged as major clinical threats owing to the increasing prevalence of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant or extensively drug-resistant strains. The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial effects and efficacy of LL-37 fragment GF-17D3 and synthetic Scolopendin A2 peptides against resistant clinical strains in vitro and in vivo models. P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and A. baumannii were isolated from clinical infections. Their antibiotic resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration were assessed. LL-37 fragment GF-17D3 peptide was selected from available databases. Scolopendin A2 peptide's 6th amino acid (proline) was substituted with lysine and peptides and MICs were determined. The biofilm inhibitory activity was quantified at sub MIC concentrations. Synergetic effects of Scolopendin A2 and imipenem were assessed by checkerboard. After mice nasal infection with P. aeruginosa, peptides LD50 was determined. Isolates harbored complete resistance toward the majority of antibiotics and MIC values ranged between 1 and > 512 µg/ml. The majority of isolates exhibited strong biofilm activity. Synthetic peptides showed lower MIC values than antibiotic agents and the lowest MIC values were obtained for synthetic peptides in combination with antibiotics. The Synergisms effect of Scolopendin A2 with imipenem was also determined. Scolopendin A2 was found to have antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and A. baumannii with MIC 64 µg/ml, 8 µg/ml, and 16 µg/ml, respectively, and LL37 showed antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and A. baumannii with MIC 128 µg/ml, 32 µg/ml, and 32 µg/ml, respectively. Both AMPs decreased biofilms by ≥ 96% at 1 × MIC. The biofilm inhibitory activity was measured at sub MIC concentrations of the peptides and the results demonstrated that Scolopendin A2 exhibited anti-biofilm activity at 1/4 × MIC and 1/2 × MIC concentrations was 47.9 to 63.8%, although LL37 among 1/4 × MIC and 1/2 × MIC concentrations was 21.3 to 49.6% against three pathogens. The combination of Scolopendin A2 and antibiotics demonstrated synergistic activity-resistant strains with FIC values ≤ 0.5 for three pathogens, while LL37 and antibiotics showed synergistic activity FIC values ≤ 0.5 for only P. aeruginosa. Infection model Scolopendin A2 with Imipenem (2 × MIC) was efficacious in vivo, with a 100% survival rate following treatment at 2 × MIC after 120 h. The mRNA expression of biofilm-related genes was decreased for both peptides. Synthesis Scolopendin A2 decreased the expression of biofilm formation genes compared to the control group. Synthetic Scolopendin A2 exhibits antimicrobial activity without causing toxicity on the human epithelial cell line. Based on our findings, it seems that synthetic Scolopendin A2 is an appropriate antimicrobial source. That could be a promising option in combination with antibiotics for a topical medication and in the prevention of acute and chronic infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Nevertheless, additional experiments are required to assess another potential of this novel AMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Farzi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mana Oloomi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Bahramali
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood Borne Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood Borne Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Sil M, Mukherjee D, Goswami A, Nag M, Lahiri D, Bhattacharya D. Antibiofilm activity of mesoporous silica nanoparticles against the biofilm associated infections. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3617-3633. [PMID: 38051365 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In pharmaceutical industries, various chemical carriers are present which are used for drug delivery to the correct target sites. The most popular and upcoming drug delivery carriers are mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). The main reason for its popularity is its ability to be specific and optimize the drug delivery process in a controlled manner. Nowadays, MSNs are widely used to eradicate various microbial infections, especially the ones related to biofilms. Biofilms are sessile groups of cells that live by forming a consortium and exhibit antibacterial resistance (AMR). They exhibit AMR by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and various quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules. Usually, bacterial and fungal cells are capable of forming biofilms. These biofilms are pathogenic. In the majority of the cases, biofilms cause nosocomial diseases. This review will focus on the antibiofilm activities of MSN, its mechanism of target-specific drug delivery, and its ability to disrupt the bacterial biofilms inhibiting the infection. The review will also discuss various mechanisms for the delivery of pharmaceutical molecules by the MSNs to inhibit the bacterial biofilms, and lastly, we will talk about the different types of MSNs and their antibiofilm activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Sil
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, India
| | - Dipro Mukherjee
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Biological Sciences Division, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Arunava Goswami
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, India
| | - Moupriya Nag
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, New Town, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Dibyajit Lahiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, New Town, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India.
| | - Debasmita Bhattacharya
- Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Institute of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, Salt Lake, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India
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Mitra S, Chandersekhar B, Li Y, Coopershlyak M, Mahoney ME, Evans B, Koenig R, Hall SCL, Klösgen B, Heinrich F, Deslouches B, Tristram-Nagle S. Novel non-helical antimicrobial peptides insert into and fuse lipid model membranes. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4088-4101. [PMID: 38712559 PMCID: PMC11109824 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00220b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
This research addresses the growing menace of antibiotic resistance by exploring antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Specifically, we investigate two linear amphipathic AMPs, LE-53 (12-mer) and LE-55 (16-mer), finding that the shorter LE-53 exhibits greater bactericidal activity against both Gram-negative (G(-)) and Gram-positive (G(+)) bacteria. Remarkably, both AMPs are non-toxic to eukaryotic cells. The heightened effectiveness of LE-53 is attributed to its increased hydrophobicity (H) compared to LE-55. Circular dichroism (CD) reveals that LE-53 and LE-55 both adopt β-sheet and random coil structures in lipid model membranes (LMMs) mimicking G(-) and G(+) bacteria, so secondary structure is not the cause of the potency difference. X-ray diffuse scattering (XDS) reveals increased lipid chain order in LE-53, a potential key distinction. Additionally, XDS study uncovers a significant link between LE-53's upper hydrocarbon location in G(-) and G(+) LMMs and its efficacy. Neutron reflectometry (NR) confirms the AMP locations determined using XDS. Solution small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrates LE-53's ability to induce vesicle fusion in bacterial LMMs without affecting eukaryotic LMMs, offering a promising strategy to combat antibiotic-resistant strains while preserving human cell integrity, whereas LE-55 has a smaller ability to induce fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Mitra
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Bhairavi Chandersekhar
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Yunshu Li
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Mark Coopershlyak
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Margot E Mahoney
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Brandt Evans
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Rachel Koenig
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Stephen C L Hall
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Beate Klösgen
- University of Southern Denmark, Dept. Physics, Chemistry & Pharmacy, PhyLife, Campusvej 55, Odense M5230, Denmark
| | - Frank Heinrich
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Ko S, Kim J, Lim J, Lee SM, Park JY, Woo J, Scott-Nevros ZK, Kim JR, Yoon H, Kim D. Blanket antimicrobial resistance gene database with structural information, BOARDS, provides insights on historical landscape of resistance prevalence and effects of mutations in enzyme structure. mSystems 2024; 9:e0094323. [PMID: 38085058 PMCID: PMC10871167 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00943-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic bacteria poses a significant threat to public health, yet there is still a need for development in the tools to deeply understand AMR genes based on genetic or structural information. In this study, we present an interactive web database named Blanket Overarching Antimicrobial-Resistance gene Database with Structural information (BOARDS, sbml.unist.ac.kr), a database that comprehensively includes 3,943 reported AMR gene information for 1,997 extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and 1,946 other genes as well as a total of 27,395 predicted protein structures. These structures, which include both wild-type AMR genes and their mutants, were derived from 80,094 publicly available whole-genome sequences. In addition, we developed the rapid analysis and detection tool of antimicrobial-resistance (RADAR), a one-stop analysis pipeline to detect AMR genes across whole-genome sequencing (WGSs). By integrating BOARDS and RADAR, the AMR prevalence landscape for eight multi-drug resistant pathogens was reconstructed, leading to unexpected findings such as the pre-existence of the MCR genes before their official reports. Enzymatic structure prediction-based analysis revealed that the occurrence of mutations found in some ESBL genes was found to be closely related to the binding affinities with their antibiotic substrates. Overall, BOARDS can play a significant role in performing in-depth analysis on AMR.IMPORTANCEWhile the increasing antibiotic resistance (AMR) in pathogen has been a burden on public health, effective tools for deep understanding of AMR based on genetic or structural information remain limited. In this study, a blanket overarching antimicrobial-resistance gene database with structure information (BOARDS)-a web-based database that comprehensively collected AMR gene data with predictive protein structural information was constructed. Additionally, we report the development of a RADAR pipeline that can analyze whole-genome sequences as well. BOARDS, which includes sequence and structural information, has shown the historical landscape and prevalence of the AMR genes and can provide insight into single-nucleotide polymorphism effects on antibiotic degrading enzymes within protein structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Ko
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jaehyung Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jaewon Lim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Joon Young Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jihoon Woo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Zoe K. Scott-Nevros
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jong R. Kim
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astan, Kazakhstan
| | - Hyunjin Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Donghyuk Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
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Tavassoli M, Kadivar M, Akhavan AA, Abdigoudarzi M, Moridnia A, Chaibakhsh S, Beikmohammadi M, Mehdi Sedaghat M. In Vitro Assessment of the Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Viability Effects of Salivary Gland Extracts from Hyalomma ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2023; 17:352-363. [PMID: 38868672 PMCID: PMC11164614 DOI: 10.18502/jad.v17i4.15298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The saliva and salivary glands of ticks possess a wide range of immuno-pharmacologically active molecules that effectively modulate the activity of enzymes, antibodies, and amines that have a role in different biological processes. Derived components from saliva and salivary glands of hard ticks Ixodidae have been characterized as potential natural sources for discovering promising anti-cancer drug candidates. Methods The anti-cancer activity of salivary gland extracts (SGEs) from Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma marginatum, and Hyalomma schulzei was assessed. MTT assays and flow cytometry were done on the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line to evaluate the anti-viability and proliferative inhibition. Results Based on the MTT assay results, the SGEs from Hy. dromedarii had the highest and lowest substantial anti-viability effects on the HT-29 cancer cell and human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) normal cell, respectively. The cytometric assessment revealed a significant increase in the apoptosis and necrosis ratio of the HT-29 cancer cells after treatment with Hy. dromedarii SGEs. Conclusion The results demonstrated that Hy. dromedarii SGEs have significant anti-proliferative, anti-viability, and apoptotic potential. The result of this study suggests that Hy. dromedarii SGEs is an appropriate candidate for further investigations to identify and purify the mechanisms and molecules involved in the anti-cancer activity of the SGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tavassoli
- Department of Vector Biology and Control of Diseases, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kadivar
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ahmad Akhavan
- Department of Vector Biology and Control of Diseases, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdigoudarzi
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Abbas Moridnia
- Department of Genetics and molecular biology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Samira Chaibakhsh
- Eye Research Center, the Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat
- Department of Vector Biology and Control of Diseases, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu Q, Wang L, He D, Wu Y, Liu X, Yang Y, Chen Z, Dong Z, Luo Y, Song Y. Application Value of Antimicrobial Peptides in Gastrointestinal Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16718. [PMID: 38069041 PMCID: PMC10706433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is a common clinical malignant tumor disease that seriously endangers human health and lacks effective treatment methods. As part of the innate immune defense of many organisms, antimicrobial peptides not only have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity but also can specifically kill tumor cells. The positive charge of antimicrobial peptides under neutral conditions determines their high selectivity to tumor cells. In addition, antimicrobial peptides also have unique anticancer mechanisms, such as inducing apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, membrane destruction, and inhibition of metastasis, which highlights the low drug resistance and high specificity of antimicrobial peptides. In this review, we summarize the related studies on antimicrobial peptides in the treatment of digestive tract tumors, mainly oral cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. This paper describes the therapeutic advantages of antimicrobial peptides due to their unique anticancer mechanisms. The length, net charge, and secondary structure of antimicrobial peptides can be modified by design or modification to further enhance their anticancer effects. In summary, as an emerging cancer treatment drug, antimicrobial peptides need to be further studied to realize their application in gastrointestinal cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Dongxia He
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuewei Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xian Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yahan Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhizhi Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhan Dong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuzhu Song
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Chernov A, Kudryavtsev I, Komlev A, Alaverdian D, Tsapieva A, Galimova E, Shamova O. Nerve Growth Factor, Antimicrobial Peptides and Chemotherapy: Glioblastoma Combination Therapy to Improve Their Efficacy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3009. [PMID: 38002009 PMCID: PMC10669874 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal malignancy of the central nervous system with a median survival rate of 15 months. We investigated the combined anticancer effects of nerve growth factor (NGF), cathelicidin (LL-37), and protegrin-1 (PG-1) with chemotherapy (temozolomide, doxorubicin, carboplatin, cisplatin, and etoposide) in the glioblastoma U251 cell line to overcome the limitations of conventional chemotherapy and to guarantee specific treatments to succeed. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to study cell viability and to determine the cytotoxic effects of NGF, LL-37, and PG-1 and their combination with chemotherapy in U251 cells. Synergism or antagonism was determined using the combination index (CI) method. Caspase-3 activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically using a caspase-3 activity assay kit. Apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) and YO-PRO-1. NGF and the peptides showed a strong cytotoxic effect on U251 glioma cells in the MTT test (IC50 0.0214, 3.1, and 26.1 μM, respectively) compared to chemotherapy. The combination of PG-1 + etoposide had a synergistic effect on apoptosis of U251 glioma cells. It should be noted that the cells were in the early and late stages of apoptosis, respectively, compared with the control cells. The caspase-3 activation analysis revealed that the caspase-3 level was not significantly (p > 0.05) increased in U251 cells following PG-1 with etoposide treatment compared with that in the untreated cells, suggesting that the combination of PG-1 and etoposide may induce caspase-independent apoptosis in U251 cells. NGF, LL-37, and PG-1 represent promising drug candidates as the treatment regimen for GBM. Furthermore, the synergistic efficacy of the combined protocol using PG-1 and etoposide may overcome some of the typical limitations of the conventional therapeutic protocols, thus representing a promising approach for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Chernov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Aleksei Komlev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Diana Alaverdian
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Anna Tsapieva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
| | - Elvira Galimova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Olga Shamova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, WCRC “Center for Personalized Medicine”, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia; (I.K.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (O.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg 199034, Russia
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Butler MS, Henderson IR, Capon RJ, Blaskovich MAT. Antibiotics in the clinical pipeline as of December 2022. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2023; 76:431-473. [PMID: 37291465 PMCID: PMC10248350 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The need for new antibacterial drugs to treat the increasing global prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial infections has clearly attracted global attention, with a range of existing and upcoming funding, policy, and legislative initiatives designed to revive antibacterial R&D. It is essential to assess whether these programs are having any real-world impact and this review continues our systematic analyses that began in 2011. Direct-acting antibacterials (47), non-traditional small molecule antibacterials (5), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (10) under clinical development as of December 2022 are described, as are the three antibacterial drugs launched since 2020. Encouragingly, the increased number of early-stage clinical candidates observed in the 2019 review increased in 2022, although the number of first-time drug approvals from 2020 to 2022 was disappointingly low. It will be critical to monitor how many Phase-I and -II candidates move into Phase-III and beyond in the next few years. There was also an enhanced presence of novel antibacterial pharmacophores in early-stage trials, and at least 18 of the 26 phase-I candidates were targeted to treat Gram-negative bacteria infections. Despite the promising early-stage antibacterial pipeline, it is essential to maintain funding for antibacterial R&D and to ensure that plans to address late-stage pipeline issues succeed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Butler
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J Capon
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A T Blaskovich
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
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10
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Delgarm Shams-Abadi A, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Paterson DL, Arash R, Asadi Farsani E, Taji A, Heidari H, Shahini Shams Abadi M. The prevalence of colistin resistance in clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:200. [PMID: 37507660 PMCID: PMC10386657 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
While trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is the first-line therapy of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections, colistin is one of the therapeutic options in cases of allergy or resistance to TMP-SMX. However, understanding the global status of resistance to colistin amongst S. maltophilia isolates could be helpful for appropriate antibiotic prescription. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the prevalence of colistin resistance in clinical S. maltophilia isolates worldwide. According to eligibility criteria, a total of 61 studies were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence for colistin resistance was 42% (95% CI: 35-49%), ranging from 0.1 to 97%. Subgroups analysis indicated that, the pooled prevalence of colistin resistance was 44% (95% CI: 29-60%) in 15 studies during 2000-2010, and it was estimated to be 41% (95% CI: 33-50%) in 46 articles from 2011 to 2021. It was 46% (95% CI: 35-58%) in the studies that used broth microdilution method, and 39% (95% CI: 30-49%) in the studies with other used methods. The resistance rate in Asian countries was 45% (95% CI: 31-60%), in European countries was 45% (95% CI: 34-56%) and in the countries of North and South America was 33% (95% CI: 20-46%). Our review showed notable resistance to colistin in clinical S. maltophilia isolates. Given the estimated resistance rates, alternative antibiotics could be preferred to treat serious infections due to S. maltophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David L Paterson
- UQ Center for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rezvan Arash
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Asadi Farsani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Asieh Taji
- International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamid Heidari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Milad Shahini Shams Abadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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11
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Pereira KE, Deslouches JT, Deslouches B, Woodley SK. In Vitro Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity of Salamander Skin Peptides. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:214. [PMID: 37195436 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Given the current and future costs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to human health and economic productivity, there is an urgent need to develop new antimicrobial compounds. Antimicrobial peptides are a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics and other antimicrobials. Amphibian skin is a rich source of bioactive compounds, but the antibacterial properties of salamander skin peptides have been neglected. Here, we examined the in vitro ability of skin peptides from 9 species of salamander representing 6 salamander families to inhibit the growth of ESKAPE pathogens, which are bacteria that have developed resistance to conventional antibiotics. We also examined whether the skin peptides caused lysis of human red blood cells. Skin peptides from Amphiuma tridactylum had the greatest antimicrobial properties, completely inhibiting the growth of all bacterial strains except for Enterococcus faecium. Likewise, skin peptides from Cryptobranchus alleganiensis completely inhibited the growth of several of the bacterial strains. In contrast, skin peptide mixtures from Ambystoma maculatum, Desmognathus fuscus, Eurycea bislineata, E. longicauda, Necturus beyeri, N. maculosus, and Siren intermedia did not completely inhibit bacterial growth even at the highest concentrations. Finally, none of the skin peptide mixtures caused lysis of human red blood cells. Together, we demonstrate that salamander skin produces peptides with potent antibacterial properties. It remains to elucidate the peptide sequences and their antibacterial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzie E Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah K Woodley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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12
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Mitra S, Coopershlyak M, Li Y, Chandersekhar B, Koenig R, Chen MT, Evans B, Heinrich F, Deslouches B, Tristram-Nagle S. Novel Helical Trp- and Arg-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides Locate Near Membrane Surfaces and Rigidify Lipid Model Membranes. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2023; 3:2300013. [PMID: 37476397 PMCID: PMC10358585 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are losing effectiveness as bacteria become resistant to conventional drugs. To find new alternatives, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are rationally designed with different lengths, charges, hydrophobicities (H ), and hydrophobic moments (μH ), containing only three types of amino acids: arginine, tryptophan, and valine. Six AMPs with low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and <25% toxicity to mammalian cells are selected for biophysical studies. Their secondary structures are determined using circular dichroism (CD), which finds that the % α -helicity of AMPs depends on composition of the lipid model membranes (LMMs): gram-negative (G ( - ) ) inner membrane (IM) >gram-positive (G ( + ) ) > Euk33 (eukaryotic with 33 mol% cholesterol). The two most effective peptides, E2-35 (16 amino acid [AA] residues) and E2-05 (22 AAs), are predominantly helical in G ( - ) IM and G ( + ) LMMs. AMP/membrane interactions such as membrane elasticity, chain order parameter, and location of the peptides in the membrane are investigated by low-angle and wide-angle X-ray diffuse scattering (XDS). It is found that headgroup location correlates with efficacy and toxicity. The membrane bending modulus K C displays nonmonotonic changes due to increasing concentrations of E2-35 and E2-05 in G ( - ) and G ( + ) LMMs, suggesting a bacterial killing mechanism where domain formation causes ion and water leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Mitra
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mark Coopershlyak
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yunshu Li
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bhairavi Chandersekhar
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rachel Koenig
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mei-Tung Chen
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brandt Evans
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Frank Heinrich
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Center for Neutron Research National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group Physics Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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13
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Chen Z, Hong D, Li S, Jia Y. Novel Property Cytotoxicity and Mechanism of Food Preservative Brevilaterins against Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081732. [PMID: 37107527 PMCID: PMC10137466 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brevilaterins, antimicrobial peptides produced by Brevibacillus laterosporus, are regarded as excellent food preservatives and are popular as antimicrobial applications. Recent research has uncovered their potent cytotoxic effects against diverse cancer cells, thereby underscoring the pressing need for more extensive and intensive investigations into this use. In this study, we explored their novel function in inducing cytotoxicity to cancer cells and systematically investigated the mechanism of action of Brevilaterin B/C (BB/BC) in vivo. Proliferation, membrane permeability, and apoptotic rate were evaluated using CCK-8 assay, LDH assay, and Annexin V-FITC/PI kits. ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA and JC-1. Our results demonstrated that both BB and BC at concentrations of 4-6 µg/mL significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells BGC-823. Treatment with 4 µg/mL of BB/BC rapidly increased LDH levels in the supernatant of BGC-823 cells, leading to further investigation of the mechanism of apoptosis. We found that the apoptotic rate of BGC-823 cells significantly increased upon treatment with BB/BC, demonstrating their potent induction of apoptosis. BB/BC-induced ROS production in BGC-823 cells impaired their growth and induced apoptosis, indicating a close association between apoptosis and ROS elevation. Additionally, JC-1 aggregates rapidly accumulated after treatment with 4 µg/mL of BB/BC, suggesting changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and early apoptosis. Taken together, our findings revealed that BB and BC exhibit significant anticancer effects against gastric cancer cells, highlighting the promising potential of Brevilaterins as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dan Hong
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Siting Li
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yingmin Jia
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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14
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Bacteriocin-Nanoconjugates (Bac10307-AgNPs) Biosynthesized from Lactobacillus acidophilus-Derived Bacteriocins Exhibit Enhanced and Promising Biological Activities. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020403. [PMID: 36839725 PMCID: PMC9967518 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteinaceous compounds produced by lactic acid bacteria are called bacteriocins and have a wide variety of bioactive properties. However, bacteriocin's commercial availability is limited due to short stability periods and low yields. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize bacteriocin-derived silver nanoparticles (Bac10307-AgNPs) extracted from Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), which may have the potential to increase the bioactivity of bacteriocins and overcome the hurdles. It was found that extracted and purified Bac10307 had a broad range of stability for both temperature (20-100 °C) and pH (3-12). Further, based on Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, its molecular weight was estimated to be 4.2 kDa. The synthesized Bac10307-AgNPs showed a peak of surface plasmon resonance at 430 nm λmax. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed the presence of biological moieties, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) confirmed that AgNPs were spherical and irregularly shaped, with a size range of 9-20 nm. As a result, the Bac10307-AgNPs displayed very strong antibacterial activity with MIC values as low as 8 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), when compared to Bac10307 alone. In addition, Bac10307-AgNPs demonstrated promising in vitro antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 = 116.04 μg/mL) and in vitro cytotoxicity against human liver cancer cells (HepG2) (IC50 = 135.63 μg/mL), more than Bac10307 alone (IC50 = 139.82 μg/mL against DPPH and 158.20 μg/mL against HepG2). Furthermore, a protein-protein molecular docking simulation study of bacteriocins with target proteins of different biological functions was also carried out in order to ascertain the interactions between bacteriocins and target proteins.
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15
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Ali DA, Domínguez Mercado L, Findlay BL, Badia A, DeWolf C. Opposites Attract: Electrostatically Driven Loading of Antimicrobial Peptides into Phytoglycogen Nanocarriers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:53-63. [PMID: 36525622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides, such as GL13K, have a high binding selectivity toward bacterial membranes, while not affecting healthy mammalian cells at therapeutic concentrations. However, delivery of these peptides is challenging since they are susceptible to proteolytic hydrolysis and exhibit poor cellular uptake. A protective nanocarrier is thus proposed to overcome these obstacles. We investigate the potential to employ biodegradable phytoglycogen nanoparticles as carriers for GL13K using a simple loading protocol based on electrostatic association rather than chemical conjugation, eliminating the need for control of chemical cleavage for release of the peptide in situ. Both the native (quasi-neutral) and carboxymethylated (anionic) phytoglycogen were evaluated for their colloidal stability, loading capacity, and release characteristics. We show that the anionic nanophytoglycogen carries a greater cationic GL13K load and exhibits slower release kinetics than native nanophytoglycogen. Isotope exchange measurements demonstrate that the antimicrobial peptide is entrapped in the pores of the dendritic-like macromolecule, which should provide the necessary protection for delivery. Importantly, the nanoformulations are active against a Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate at concentrations comparable to those of the free peptide and representative, small molecule antibiotics. The colloidal nanocarrier preserves peptide stability and antimicrobial activity, even after long periods of storage (at least 8 months).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QuebecH4B 1R6, Canada
- Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, QuebecH4B 1R6, Canada
- FRQNT Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels─Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuebecH3A 0G4, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria5424041, Egypt
| | - Laura Domínguez Mercado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QuebecH4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Brandon L Findlay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QuebecH4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Antonella Badia
- FRQNT Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels─Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuebecH3A 0G4, Canada
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des sciences, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QuebecH3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Christine DeWolf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QuebecH4B 1R6, Canada
- Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, Montreal, QuebecH4B 1R6, Canada
- FRQNT Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels─Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QuebecH3A 0G4, Canada
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16
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Zayed M, El-Garawani IM, El-Sabbagh SM, Amr B, Alsharif SM, Tayel AA, AlAjmi MF, Ibrahim HMS, Shou Q, Khalifa SAM, El-Seedi HR, Elfeky N. Structural Diversity, LC-MS-MS Analysis and Potential Biological Activities of Brevibacillus laterosporus Extract. Metabolites 2022; 12:1102. [PMID: 36422242 PMCID: PMC9699243 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lake Mariout is Egypt's degraded coastal marine habitat that encompasses a variety of wastes. The biodiversity and hard environmental conditions allow the co-existence of organisms with high resistance and rich metabolism, making them potential candidates for screening and isolating novel microbial strains. A bacterial isolate (BF202) cultured from the marine sediments of Alexandria's Mariout Lake (Egypt) was tested for its antimicrobial and anticancer potential. The phylogenetic analysis of the isolated strain's 16S rDNA and gyrB revealed that BF202 belongs to Brevibacillus laterosporus (B. laterosporus). Antibiosis of B. laterosporus was confirmed against microbial pathogens including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. The highest antibacterial activity was detected on glucose peptone medium after 18 h of incubation at 35 °C, and at pH of 7.0 in the presence of mannose and ammonium carbonate as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the methanolic extract against breast cancer (MCF-7) and normal Vero cell lines, using the MTT test, revealed IC50 values of 7.93 and 23.79 µg/mL, respectively. To identify apoptotic and necrotic cells, a flow cytometric analysis using annexin V-FITC/PI dual-labeling was utilized and recorded a higher number of necrotic cells compared to apoptotic ones. Similarly, the cell cycle S-phase arrest was reported. The LC-MS-MS investigation of B. laterosporus extract and the molecular networking database analysis demonstrated five strategic diketopiperazine compounds with antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Taken together, this research shows that the crude extract of B. laterosporus might be an effective agent against drug-resistant bacteria and malignant disorders due to its richness in diketopiperazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Islam M. El-Garawani
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Sabha M. El-Sabbagh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Bassem Amr
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Sultan M. Alsharif
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah 887, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Tayel
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasnaa M. S. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Qiyang Shou
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, SE 751-24 Uppsala, Sweden
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Nora Elfeky
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
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17
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Huang DB, Brothers KM, Mandell JB, Taguchi M, Alexander PG, Parker DM, Shinabarger D, Pillar C, Morrissey I, Hawser S, Ghahramani P, Dobbins D, Pachuda N, Montelaro R, Steckbeck JD, Urish KL. Engineered peptide PLG0206 overcomes limitations of a challenging antimicrobial drug class. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274815. [PMID: 36112657 PMCID: PMC9481017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of novel antibiotics for drug-resistant and biofilm-associated infections is a global public health crisis. Antimicrobial peptides explored to address this need have encountered significant development challenges associated with size, toxicity, safety profile, and pharmacokinetics. We designed PLG0206, an engineered antimicrobial peptide, to address these limitations. PLG0206 has broad-spectrum activity against >1,200 multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESKAPEE clinical isolates, is rapidly bactericidal, and displays potent anti-biofilm activity against diverse MDR pathogens. PLG0206 displays activity in diverse animal infection models following both systemic (urinary tract infection) and local (prosthetic joint infection) administration. These findings support continuing clinical development of PLG0206 and validate use of rational design for peptide therapeutics to overcome limitations associated with difficult-to-drug pharmaceutical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Huang
- Peptilogics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DBH); (KLU)
| | - Kimberly M. Brothers
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Group, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jonathan B. Mandell
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Group, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Masashi Taguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Group, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter G. Alexander
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Group, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dana M. Parker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Group, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Chris Pillar
- Micromyx, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Despina Dobbins
- Peptilogics, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Ronald Montelaro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Kenneth L. Urish
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Group, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Bone and Joint Center, Magee Women’s Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DBH); (KLU)
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18
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Allsopp R, Pavlova A, Cline T, Salyapongse AM, Gillilan RE, Di YP, Deslouches B, Klauda JB, Gumbart JC, Tristram-Nagle S. Antimicrobial Peptide Mechanism Studied by Scattering-Guided Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:6922-6935. [PMID: 36067064 PMCID: PMC10392866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to combat rising antimicrobial resistance, our labs have rationally designed cationic, helical, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternatives to traditional antibiotics since AMPs incur bacterial resistance in weeks, rather than days. One highly positively charged AMP, WLBU2 (+13e), (RRWV RRVR RWVR RVVR VVRR WVRR), has been shown to be effective in killing both Gram-negative (G(-)) and Gram-positive (G(+)) bacteria by directly perturbing the bacterial membrane nonspecifically. Previously, we used two equilibrium experimental methods: synchrotron X-ray diffuse scattering (XDS) providing lipid membrane thickness and neutron reflectometry (NR) providing WLBU2 depth of penetration into three lipid model membranes (LMMs). The purpose of the present study is to use the results from the scattering experiments to guide molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the detailed biophysics of the interactions of WLBU2 with LMMs of Gram-negative outer and inner membranes, and Gram-positive cell membranes, to elucidate the mechanisms of bacterial killing. Instead of coarse-graining, backmapping, or simulating without bias for several microseconds, all-atom (AA) simulations were guided by the experimental results and then equilibrated for ∼0.5 μs. Multiple replicas of the inserted peptide were run to probe stability and reach a combined time of at least 1.2 μs for G(-) and also 2.0 μs for G(+). The simulations with experimental comparisons help rule out certain structures and orientations and propose the most likely set of structures, orientations, and effects on the membrane. The simulations revealed that water, phosphates, and ions enter the hydrocarbon core when WLBU2 is positioned there. For an inserted peptide, the three types of amino acids, arginine, tryptophan, and valine (R, W, V), are arranged with the 13 Rs extending from the hydrocarbon core to the phosphate group, Ws are located at the interface, and Vs are more centrally located. For a surface state, R, W, and V are positioned relative to the bilayer interface as expected from their hydrophobicities, with Rs closest to the phosphate group, Ws close to the interface, and Vs in between. G(-) and G(+) LMMs are thinned ∼1 Å by the addition of WLBU2. Our results suggest a dual anchoring mechanism for WLBU2 both in the headgroup and in the hydrocarbon region that promotes a defect region where water and ions can flow across the slightly thinned bacterial cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Allsopp
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Anna Pavlova
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Tyler Cline
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Aria M Salyapongse
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Richard E Gillilan
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Y Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jeffery B Klauda
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - James C Gumbart
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Babakanrad E, Mohammadian T, Esmaeili D, Behzadi P. Efficacy of the Apoptotic Activity of CpsA-CpsC-L-ACAN Fusion Peptide against HeLa Cell Line. MOLECULAR GENETICS, MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s089141682203003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Brevilaterin B from Brevibacillus laterosporus has selective antitumor activity and induces apoptosis in epidermal cancer. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:201. [PMID: 35999383 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03372-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Brevilaterins as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by a newly discovered species Brevibacillus laterosporus, had been demonstrated to display excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities; however, very limited information about their new bioactivity was ever developed. Herein, we discovered Brevilaterin B, an AMP produced by Br. laterosporus S62-9, exhibited a new anticancer activity and investigated its anticancer details. Proliferation, membrane permeability and apoptotic rate of cell lines were studied by methods of CCK-8 Assay, LDH Assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI Kits, respectively. ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential of tested cells were further detected through the fluorescent probes DCFH-DA and JC-1. Brevilaterin B exhibited broad-spectrum anticancer activity in a dose-dependent manner. It selectively inhibited the proliferation of epidermal cancer cell A431 but had no effect on its control normal cells in a dose of 2.0 µg/mL. In comparision, typical morphological characteristics of apoptosis and an apoptotic ratio of 71.0% in A431 were observed after treatment by 2.0-3.0 µg/mL of Brevilaterin B. The ROS levels increased by 21.3% and mitochondrial membrane potential reduced by 48.8% from A431 were further occurred, indicating Brevilaterin B's anticancer action was mainly focus on the mitochondrion of cancer cells. In total, Brevilaterin B we reported above maybe believed to be a potential application as an anticancer medicament, increasing its commercial value.
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21
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Xiang W, Clemenza P, Klousnitzer J, Chen J, Qin W, Tristram-Nagle S, Doi Y, Di YP, Deslouches B. Rational Framework for the Design of Trp- and Arg-Rich Peptide Antibiotics Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:889791. [PMID: 35694289 PMCID: PMC9186412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.889791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The threat of antibiotic resistance warrants the discovery of agents with novel antimicrobial mechanisms. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) directly disrupting bacterial membranes may overcome resistance to traditional antibiotics. AMP development for clinical use has been mostly limited to topical application to date. We developed a rational framework for systematically addressing this challenge using libraries composed of 86 novel Trp- and Arg-rich engineered peptides tested against clinical strains of the most common multidrug-resistant bacteria known as ESKAPE pathogens. Structure-function correlations revealed minimum lengths (as low as 16 residues) and Trp positioning for maximum antibacterial potency with mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2–4 μM and corresponding negligible toxicity to mammalian cells. Twelve peptides were selected based on broad-spectrum activity against both gram-negative and -positive bacteria and <25% toxicity to mammalian cells at maximum test concentrations. Most of the selected PAX remained active against the colistin-resistant clinical strains. Of the selected peptides, the shortest (the 16-residue E35) was further investigated for antibacterial mechanism and proof-of-concept in vivo efficacy. E35 killed an extensively-resistant isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA239 from the CDC, also resistant to colistin) by irreversibly disrupting the cell membranes as shown by propidium iodide incorporation, using flow cytometry and live cell imaging. As proof of concept, in vivo toxicity studies showed that mice tolerated a systemic dose of up to 30 mg/kg peptide and were protected with a single 5 mg/kg intravenous (IV) dose against an otherwise lethal intraperitoneal injection of PA239. Efficacy was also demonstrated in an immune-compromised Klebsiella pneumoniae infection model using a daily dose of 4mg/kg E35 systemically for 2 days. This framework defines the determinants of efficacy of helical AMPs composed of only cationic and hydrophobic amino acids and provides a path for a potential departure from the restriction to topical use of AMPs toward systemic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Xiang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Patrice Clemenza
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jessie Klousnitzer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jespar Chen
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Weiheng Qin
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yohei Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Y Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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22
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Santos-Lopez A, Fritz MJ, Lombardo JB, Burr AHP, Heinrich VA, Marshall CW, Cooper VS. Evolved resistance to a novel cationic peptide antibiotic requires high mutation supply. Evol Med Public Health 2022; 10:266-276. [PMID: 35712084 PMCID: PMC9198447 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives A key strategy for resolving the antibiotic resistance crisis is the development of new drugs with antimicrobial properties. The engineered cationic antimicrobial peptide WLBU2 (also known as PLG0206) is a promising broad-spectrum antimicrobial compound that has completed Phase I clinical studies. It has activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including infections associated with biofilm. No definitive mechanisms of resistance to WLBU2 have been identified. Methodology Here, we used experimental evolution under different levels of mutation supply and whole genome sequencing (WGS) to detect the genetic pathways and probable mechanisms of resistance to this peptide. We propagated populations of wild-type and hypermutator Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of WLBU2 and performed WGS of evolved populations and clones. Results Populations that survived WLBU2 treatment acquired a minimum of two mutations, making the acquisition of resistance more difficult than for most antibiotics, which can be tolerated by mutation of a single target. Major targets of resistance to WLBU2 included the orfN and pmrB genes, previously described to confer resistance to other cationic peptides. More surprisingly, mutations that increase aggregation such as the wsp pathway were also selected despite the ability of WLBU2 to kill cells growing in a biofilm. Conclusions and implications The results show how experimental evolution and WGS can identify genetic targets and actions of new antimicrobial compounds and predict pathways to resistance of new antibiotics in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Santos-Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
- Present address: Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Present address: Department of Microbial Biology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa J Fritz
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
| | - Jeffrey B Lombardo
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
| | - Ansen H P Burr
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
| | - Victoria A Heinrich
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
| | - Christopher W Marshall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
- Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Vaughn S Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219 USA
- Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Rescuing humanity by antimicrobial peptides against colistin-resistant bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3879-3893. [PMID: 35604438 PMCID: PMC9125544 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11940-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
It has been about a century since the discovery of the first antibiotic, and during this period, several antibiotics were produced and marketed. The production of high-potency antibiotics against infections led to victories, but these victories were temporary. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have continued to the point that humanity today is almost helpless in the fight against infection. Researchers have predicted that by the middle of the new century, there will be a dark period after the production of antibiotics that doctors will encounter antibiotic-resistant infections for which there is no cure. Accordingly, researchers are looking for new materials with antimicrobial properties that will strengthen their ammunition to fight antibiotic-resistant infections. One of the most important alternatives to antibiotics introduced in the last three decades is antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which affect a wide range of microbes. Due to their different antimicrobial properties from antibiotics, AMPs can fight and kill MDR, XDR, and colistin-resistant bacteria through a variety of mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, we intend to use the latest studies to give a complete description of AMPs, the importance of colistin-resistant bacteria, and their resistance mechanisms, and represent impact of AMPs on colistin-resistant bacteria. Key points • AMPs as limited options to kill colistin-resistant bacteria. • Challenge of antibiotics resistance, colistin resistance, and mechanisms. • What is AMPs in the war with colistin-resistant bacteria?
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Cabalteja CC, Lin Q, Harmon TW, Rao SR, Di YP, Horne WS. Heterogeneous-Backbone Proteomimetic Analogues of Lasiocepsin, a Disulfide-Rich Antimicrobial Peptide with a Compact Tertiary Fold. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:987-997. [PMID: 35290019 PMCID: PMC9039985 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of resistance to clinically used antibiotics by bacteria presents a significant problem in public health. Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a valuable source of antibiotics that act by a mechanism less prone to the evolutionary development of resistance. In an effort to realize the promise of AMPs while overcoming limitations such as poor biostability, researchers have sought sequence-defined oligomers with artificial amide-based backbones that show membrane-disrupting functions similar to natural agents. Most of this precedent has focused on short peptidomimetic analogues of unstructured chains or secondary folds; however, the natural antimicrobial arsenal includes a number of small- and medium-sized proteins that act via an ordered tertiary structure. Generating proteomimetic analogues of these scaffolds poses a challenge due to the increased complexity of the target for mimicry. Here, we report the development of heterogeneous-backbone variants of lasiocepsin, a 27-residue disulfide-rich AMP found in bee venom that adopts a compact tertiary fold. Iterative cycles of design, synthesis, and biological evaluation yielded analogues of the natural domain with ∼30 to 40% artificial backbone content, comparable antibacterial activity, reduced host cell toxicity, and improved stability to proteolytic degradation. High-resolution structures determined for several variants by NMR provide insights into the interplay among backbone composition, tertiary fold, and biological properties. Collectively, the results reported here broaden the scope of protein functional mimicry by artificial backbone analogues of tertiary folding patterns and suggest protein backbone engineering as a means to tune protein function by exerting site-specific control over protein folded structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chino C Cabalteja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Qiao Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Thomas W Harmon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Shilpa R Rao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Y Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - W Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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ELSALEM L, KHASAWNEH A, AL SHEBOUL S. WLBU2 Antimicrobial Peptide as a Potential Therapeutic for Treatment of Resistant Bacterial Infections. Turk J Pharm Sci 2022; 19:110-116. [DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.43078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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26
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Huang D, Pachuda N, Sauer JM, Dobbins D, Steckbeck J. The Engineered Antibiotic Peptide PLG0206 Eliminates Biofilms and Is a Potential Treatment for Periprosthetic Joint Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 11:41. [PMID: 35052918 PMCID: PMC8772972 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have recently gained attention for their potential to treat diseases related to bacterial and viral infections, as many traditional antimicrobial drugs have reduced efficacy in treating these infections due to the increased prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens. PLG0206, an engineered cationic antibiotic peptide that is 24 residues long, has been designed to address some limitations of other natural AMPs, such as toxicity and limited activity due to pH and ion concentrations. Nonclinical studies have shown that PLG0206 is highly selective for targeting bacterial cells and is not toxic to human blood cells. Antibiofilm experiments demonstrated that PLG0206 is effective at reducing both biotic and abiotic biofilm burdens following direct biofilm contact. PLG0206 has rapid and broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that are implicated as etiologic agents in periprosthetic joint infections, including multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens and colistin-resistant isolates. A recent first-in-human study demonstrated that PLG0206 is well tolerated and safe as an intravenous infusion in healthy volunteers. Studies are planned to determine the efficacy of PLG0206 in patients for the treatment of periprosthetic joint infections. This review summarizes the chemistry, pharmacology, and microbiology of PLG0206 and explores its current preclinical, clinical, and regulatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Huang
- Peptilogics, 2730 Sidney Street, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA; (N.P.); (J.M.S.); (D.D.); (J.S.)
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Elsalem L, Al Sheboul S, Khasawneh A. Synergism between WLBU2 peptide and antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae. J Appl Biomed 2021; 19:14-25. [PMID: 34907712 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacter cloacae are considered as major therapeutic challenge due to their multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype against conventional antibiotics. WLBU2 is an engineered cationic peptide with potent antimicrobial activity. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of WLBU2 against clinical isolates of the aforementioned bacteria and assess whether synergistic effects can be achieved upon combination with conventional antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents against bacterial clinical isolates (n = 30/strain) were determined using the microbroth dilution assay. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of WLBU2 were determined from microbroth dilution (MICs) tests by subculturing to agar plates. MICs of WLBU2 were evaluated in the presence of physiological concentrations of salts including NaCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2. To identify bacterial resistance profile, MRSA were treated with Oxacillin, Erythromycin and Vancomycin, while Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem were used against Enterobacter cloacae. Combination treatments of antibiotics and sub-inhibitory concentrations of WLBU2 were conducted when MICs indicated intermediate/resistant susceptibility. The MICs/MBCs of WLBU2 were identical for each respective bacteria with values of 0.78-6.25 μM and 1.5-12.5 μM against MRSA and Enterobacter cloacae, respectively. WLBU2 was found as salt resistant. Combination treatment showed that synergistic and additive effects were achieved in many isolates of MRSA and Enterobacter cloacae. Our data revealed that WLBU2 is a potent peptide with bactericidal activity. In addition, it demonstrated the selective advantage of WLBU2 as a potential therapeutic agent under physiological solutions. Our findings also support the combination of WLBU2 and conventional antibiotics with potential application for treatment of resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Suhaila Al Sheboul
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ayat Khasawneh
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan.,The Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Department of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology, Amman, Jordan
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Ratrey P, Das Mahapatra A, Pandit S, Hadianawala M, Majhi S, Mishra A, Datta B. Emergent antibacterial activity of N-(thiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamides in conjunction with cell-penetrating octaarginine. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28581-28592. [PMID: 35478531 PMCID: PMC9038147 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03882f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid antimicrobials that combine the effect of two or more agents represent a promising antibacterial therapeutic strategy. In this work, we have synthesized N-(4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives that combine thiazole and sulfonamide, groups with known antibacterial activity. These molecules are investigated for their antibacterial activity, in isolation and in complex with the cell-penetrating peptide octaarginine. Several of the synthesized compounds display potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Compounds with 4-tert-butyl and 4-isopropyl substitutions exhibit attractive antibacterial activity against multiple strains. The isopropyl substituted derivative displays low MIC of 3.9 μg mL−1 against S. aureus and A. xylosoxidans. The comparative antibacterial behaviour of drug–peptide complex, drug alone and peptide alone indicates a distinctive mode of action of the drug–peptide complex, that is not the simple sum total of its constituent components. Specificity of the drug–peptide complex is evident from comparison of antibacterial behaviour with a synthetic intermediate–peptide complex. The octaarginine–drug complex displays faster killing-kinetics towards bacterial cells, creates pores in the bacterial cell membranes and shows negligible haemolytic activity towards human RBCs. Our results demonstrate that mere attachment of a hydrophobic moiety to a cell penetrating peptide does not impart antibacterial activity to the resultant complex. Conversely, the work suggests distinctive modes of antibiotic activity of small molecules when used in conjunction with a cell penetrating peptide. Hybrid antimicrobials that combine the effect of two or more agents represent a promising antibacterial therapeutic strategy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Ratrey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India
| | - Amarjyoti Das Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India +91-79-2397-2622 +91-79-2395-2073
| | - Shiny Pandit
- Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India
| | - Murtuza Hadianawala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India +91-79-2397-2622 +91-79-2395-2073
| | - Sasmita Majhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India
| | - Abhijit Mishra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India
| | - Bhaskar Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India +91-79-2397-2622 +91-79-2395-2073.,Department of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Gujarat India
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Fathizadeh H, Saffari M, Esmaeili D, Moniri R, Kafil HS. Bacteriocins: New Potential Therapeutic Candidates in Cancer Therapy. Curr Mol Med 2021; 21:211-220. [PMID: 33109060 DOI: 10.2174/1566524020999200817113730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important disorders which is associated with high mortality and high costs of treatment for patients. Despite several efforts, finding, designing and developing, new therapeutic platforms in the treatment of cancer patients are still required. Utilization of microorganisms, particularly bacteria has emerged as new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of various cancers. Increasing data indicated that bacteria could be used in the production of a wide range of anti-cancer agents, including bacteriocins, antibiotics, peptides, enzymes, and toxins. Among these anti-cancer agents, bacteriocins have attractive properties, which make them powerful anti-cancer drugs. Multiple lines evidence indicated that several bacteriocins (i.e., colcins, nisins, pediocins, pyocins, and bovocins) via activation/inhibition different cellular and molecular signaling pathways are able to suppress tumor growth in various stages. Hence, identification and using various bacteriocins could lead to improve and introduce them to clinical practices. Here, we summarized various bacteriocins which could be employed as anti-cancer agents in the treatment of many cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Fathizadeh
- Department of Microbiology and immunology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Saffari
- Department of Microbiology and immunology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Davoud Esmaeili
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems biology and poisonings institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Moniri
- Department of Microbiology and immunology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Guan G, Win KY, Yao X, Yang W, Han M. Plasmonically Modulated Gold Nanostructures for Photothermal Ablation of Bacteria. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001158. [PMID: 33184997 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the wide utilization of antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been often developed more frequently to cause potential global catastrophic consequences. Emerging photothermal ablation has been attracting extensive research interest for quick/effective eradication of pathogenic bacteria from contaminated surroundings and infected body. In this field, anisotropic gold nanostructures with tunable size/morphologies have been demonstrated to exhibit their outstanding photothermal performance through strong plasmonic absorption of near-infrared (NIR) light, efficient light to heat conversion, and easy surface modification for targeting bacteria. To this end, this review first introduces thermal treatment of infectious diseases followed by photothermal therapy via heat generation on NIR-absorbing gold nanostructures. Then, the usual synthesis and spectral features of diversified gold nanostructures and composites are systematically overviewed with the emphasis on the importance of size, shape, and composition to achieve strong plasmonic absorption in NIR region. Further, the innovated photothermal applications of gold nanostructures are comprehensively demonstrated to combat against bacterial infections, and some constructive suggestions are also discussed to improve photothermal technologies for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijian Guan
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University No.11 Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Khin Yin Win
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR 2 Fusionopolis Way Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Xiang Yao
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University No.11 Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University No.11 Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
| | - Ming‐Yong Han
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University No.11 Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P.R. China
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR 2 Fusionopolis Way Singapore 138634 Singapore
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31
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Zhong C, Zhang L, Yu L, Huang J, Huang S, Yao Y. A Review for Antimicrobial Peptides with Anticancer Properties: Re-purposing of Potential Anticancer Agents. BIO INTEGRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.15212/bioi-2020-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract In recent years, various research on cancer treatment has achieved significant progress. However, some of these treatments remain disputable because of the emergence and development of drug resistance, and the toxic side effects that were brought about by the lack
of selectivity displayed by the treatments. Hence, there is considerable interest in a new class of anticancer molecules that is currently still under investigation termed the cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are a group of pervasive components of the innate immunity which can
be found throughout all classes of life. The small innate peptides cover a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities due to their electrostatic interactions with the negatively charged bacterial membrane. Compared with normal cells, cancer cells have increased proportions of negatively charged
molecules, including phosphatidylserine, glycoproteins, and glycolipids, on the outer plasma membrane. This provides an opportunity for exploiting the interaction between AMPs and negatively charged cell membranes in developing unconventional anticancer strategies. Some AMPs may also be categorized
into a group of potential anticancer agents called cationic anticancer peptides (ACPs) due to their relative selectivity in cell membrane penetration and lysis, which is similar to their interaction with bacterial membranes. Several examples of ACPs that are used in tumor therapy for their
ability in penetrating or lysing tumor cell membrane will be reviewed in this paper, along with a discussion on the recent advances and challenges in the application of ACPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyu Zhong
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lin Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jiandong Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Songyin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yandan Yao
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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He YZ, Long TF, He B, Li XP, Li G, Chen L, Liao XP, Liu YH, Sun J. IS Ec69-Mediated Mobilization of the Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-2 in Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:564973. [PMID: 33510713 PMCID: PMC7835479 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.564973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The emergence of mobile colistin resistance genes has compromised the efficacy of the last resort antibiotic, colistin, in clinical treatment. The mcr-2 gene was first identified in Belgium in association with the insertion sequence ISEc69. However, the molecular mechanisms of mcr-2 mobilization are not well understood. Methods To further explore the mobilization of mcr-2 gene via ISEc69, we constructed a conjugative plasmid that carries an intact composite transposon Tn7052. Transposition assays were performed by conjugation, the transposition sites were characterized by arbitrary primed PCR and DNA sequencing. Results In this study, we experimentally demonstrated that mcr-2 could be mobilized as a composite transposon Tn7052 and its transposition generated 8-bp AT-rich duplications in the host genome. Conclusion These results indicate that mcr-2 gene could be mobilized by ISEc69, the current investigations provide mechanistic insights in the transposition of mcr-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhang He
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teng-Fei Long
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing He
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Ping Li
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong Li
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Hackensack Meridian Health Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Mandell JB, A Koch J, Deslouches B, Urish KL. Direct antimicrobial activity of cationic amphipathic peptide WLBU2 against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms is enhanced in physiologic buffered saline. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:2657-2663. [PMID: 32484998 PMCID: PMC7665995 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infection of total knee arthroplasties represents a major challenge to the field of orthopedic surgery. These infections are commonly associated with antibiotic-tolerant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Engineered cationic amphipathic peptide WLBU2 has shown the ability to kill antibiotic-resistant pathogens and drug-tolerant bacterial biofilms. The novelty of using WLBU2 during the direct irrigation and debridement of periprosthetic joint infections led our group to investigate the optimal washout conditions for treatment of S. aureus biofilms. S. aureus mature biofilms were grown on metal implant material and treated with WLBU2 dissolved in differing irrigation solvents. Mature biofilms were treated both in vitro as well as in a periprosthetic joint infection murine model. WLBU2 activity against S. aureus biofilms was increased when dissolved in diphosphate-buffered saline (dPBS) with pH of 7.0 compared with normal saline with pH of 5.5. WLBU2 activity was decreased in acidic dPBS and increased in alkaline dPBS. WLBU2 activity could be decreased in hypertonic dPBS and increased in hypotonic dPBS. WLBU2 dissolved in less acidic dPBS displayed increased efficacy in treating periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) implants ex vivo. WLBU2 demonstrated the ability to eliminate PJI associated S. aureus biofilms on arthroplasty material. The efficacy of engineered cationic amphipathic peptide WLBU2 for intraoperative elimination of S. aureus biofilms can be further optimized when kept in a less acidic and more physiologic pH adjusted saline. Understanding optimal physical washout conditions are vital for the success of WLBU2 in treating S. aureus biofilms in PJI clinical trials going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Mandell
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John A Koch
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth L Urish
- Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- The Bone and Joint Center, Magee Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Wang F, Xiong Y, Xiao Y, Han J, Deng X, Lin L. MMPphg from the thermophilic Meiothermus bacteriophage MMP17 as a potential antimicrobial agent against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Virol J 2020; 17:130. [PMID: 32843096 PMCID: PMC7448439 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New strategies are urgently needed to deal with the growing problem of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. As the natural viruses against bacteria, recently, bacteriophages have received particular attention. Here, we identified and characterized a novel peptidoglycan hydrolase named MMPphg by decoding the complete genome sequence of Meiothermus bacteriophage MMP17, which was isolated in Tengchong hot spring in China and contains a circular genome of 33,172 bp in size and a GC content of 63.4%. Findings We cloned the MMPphg gene, overproduced and purified the phage lytic protein, which contains a highly conserved M23 metallopeptidase domain and can be activated by Mg2+ and Zn2+. MMPphg is capable of withstanding temperatures up to 70 °C, and preserved more than 80% of its activity after a 30 min treatment between 35 and 65 °C. More interestingly, by disrupting bacterial cells, MMPphg exhibits surprising antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, especially antibiotic-resistant strains such as Escherichia coli O157, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia. Conclusions In the current age of mounting antibiotic resistance, these results suggest the great potential of MMPphg, the gene product of bacteriophage MMP17, in combating bacterial infections and shed light on bacteriophage-based strategies to develop alternatives to conventional antibiotics for human or veterinary applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jian Han
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xianyu Deng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lianbing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China. .,Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China.
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Beumer JH, Guo J, Ray EC, Scemama J, Parise RA, Deslouches B, Steckbeck JD, Montelaro RC, Eiseman JL. Mass Balance Study of the Engineered Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide, WLBU2, Following a Single Intravenous Dose of 14C-WLBU2 in Mice. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2020; 16:263-272. [PMID: 32778037 DOI: 10.2174/1574884715666200810094201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To address multidrug resistance, we developed engineered Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides (eCAPs). Lead eCAP WLBU2 displays potent activity against drug-resistant bacteria and effectively treats lethal bacterial infections in mice, reducing bacterial loads to undetectable levels in diverse organs. OBJECTIVE To support the development of WLBU2, we conducted a mass balance study. METHODS CD1 mice were administered 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg/kg of QDx5 WLBU2 or a single dose of [14C]-WLBU2 at 15 mg/kg IV. Tolerability, tissue distribution and excretion were evaluated with liquid scintillation and HPLC-radiochromatography. RESULTS The maximum tolerated dose of WLBU2 is 20 mg/kg IV. We could account for greater than >96% of the radioactivity distributed within mouse tissues at 5 and 15 min. By 24h, only ~40-50% of radioactivity remained in the mice. The greatest % of the dose was present in liver, accounting for ~35% of radioactivity at 5 and 15 min, and ~ 8% of radioactivity remained at 24h. High radioactivity was also present in kidneys, plasma, red blood cells and lungs, while less than 0.2% of radioactivity was present in brain, fat, or skeletal muscle. Urinary and fecal excretion accounted for 12.5 and 2.2% of radioactivity at 24h. CONCLUSION WLBU2 distributes widely to mouse tissues and is rapidly cleared with a terminal radioactivity half-life of 22 h, a clearance of 27.4 mL/h/kg, and a distribution volume of 0.94 L/kg. At 2-100 μg-eq/g, the concentrations of 14C-WLBU2 appear high enough in the tissues to account for the inhibition of microbial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H Beumer
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Ave. Pittsburgh, PA15213, United States
| | - Jianxia Guo
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Ave. Pittsburgh, PA15213, United States
| | - Evan C Ray
- Department of Medicine Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street. Pittsburgh, PA15261, United States
| | - Jonas Scemama
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Ave. Pittsburgh, PA15213, United States
| | - Robert A Parise
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Ave. Pittsburgh, PA15213, United States
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace Street. Pittsburgh, PA15261, United States
| | - Jonathan D Steckbeck
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace Street. Pittsburgh, PA15261, United States
| | - Ronald C Montelaro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, 3550 Terrace Street. Pittsburgh, PA15261, United States
| | - Julie L Eiseman
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Ave. Pittsburgh, PA15213, United States
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Rázquin-Olazarán I, Shahrour H, Martínez-de-Tejada G. A synthetic peptide sensitizes multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics for more than two hours and permeabilizes its envelope for twenty hours. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:85. [PMID: 32762680 PMCID: PMC7412836 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative pathogen that frequently causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. We previously showed that subinhibitory concentrations of short synthetic peptides permeabilize P. aeruginosa and enhance the lethal action of co-administered antibiotics. METHODS Long-term permeabilization caused by exposure of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains to peptide P4-9 was investigated by measuring the uptake of several antibiotics and fluorescent probes and by using confocal imaging and atomic force microscopy. RESULTS We demonstrated that P4-9, a 13-amino acid peptide, induces a growth delay (i.e. post-antibiotic effect) of 1.3 h on a multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolate. Remarkably, when an independently P4-9-treated culture was allowed to grow in the absence of the peptide, cells remained sensitive to subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics such as ceftazidime, fosfomycin and erythromycin for at least 2 h. We designated this persistent sensitization to antibiotics occurring in the absence of the sensitizing agent as Post-Antibiotic Effect associated Permeabilization (PAEP). Using atomic force microscopy, we showed that exposure to P4-9 induces profound alterations on the bacterial surface and that treated cells need at least 2 h of growth to repair those lesions. During PAEP, P. aeruginosa mutants overexpressing either the efflux pump MexAB-OprM system or the AmpC β-lactamase were rendered sensitive to antibiotics that are known substrates of those mechanisms of resistance. Finally, we showed for the first time that the descendants of bacteria surviving exposure to a membrane disturbing peptide retain a significant level of permeability to hydrophobic compounds, including propidium iodide, even after 20 h of growth in the absence of the peptide. CONCLUSIONS The phenomenon of long-term sensitization to antibiotics shown here may have important therapeutic implications for a combined peptide-antibiotic treatment because the peptide would not need to be present to exert its antibiotic enhancing activity as long as the target organism retains sensitization to the antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosu Rázquin-Olazarán
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Hawraa Shahrour
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Life & Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Guillermo Martínez-de-Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
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Rathnayake K, Patel U, Pham C, McAlpin A, Budisalich T, Jayawardena SN. Targeted Delivery of Antibiotic Therapy to Inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using Lipid-Coated Mesoporous Silica Core–Shell Nanoassembly. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6708-6721. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kavini Rathnayake
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Unnati Patel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Chi Pham
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Anna McAlpin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Travis Budisalich
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Surangi N. Jayawardena
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
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Divyashree M, Mani MK, Reddy D, Kumavath R, Ghosh P, Azevedo V, Barh D. Clinical Applications of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs): Where do we Stand Now? Protein Pept Lett 2020; 27:120-134. [PMID: 31553285 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190925152957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this era of multi-drug resistance (MDR), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are one of the most promising classes of potential drug candidates to combat communicable as well as noncommunicable diseases such as cancers and diabetes. AMPs show a wide spectrum of biological activities which include antiviral, antifungal, anti-mitogenic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Apart from these prospective therapeutic potentials, the AMPs can act as food preservatives and immune modulators. Therefore, AMPs have the potential to replace conventional drugs and may gain a significant global drug market share. Although several AMPs have shown therapeutic potential in vitro or in vivo, in most cases they have failed the clinical trial owing to various issues. In this review, we discuss in brief (i) molecular mechanisms of AMPs in various diseases, (ii) importance of AMPs in pharmaceutical industries, (iii) the challenges in using AMPs as therapeutics and how to overcome, (iv) available AMP therapeutics in market, and (v) AMPs under clinical trials. Here, we specifically focus on the therapeutic AMPs in the areas of dermatology, surgery, oncology and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithoor Divyashree
- Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Paneer campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore - 575018, Karnataka,India
| | - Madhu K Mani
- Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Paneer campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore - 575018, Karnataka,India
| | - Dhanasekhar Reddy
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod, Kerala-671316,India
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya (P.O) Kasaragod, Kerala-671316,India
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284,United States
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de GenéticaCelular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduaçãoemBioinformática, Instituto de CiênciasBiológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901,Brazil
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Paneer campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore - 575018, Karnataka,India.,Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, PurbaMedinipur, West Bengal, India
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Deslouches B, Montelaro RC, Urish KL, Di YP. Engineered Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides (eCAPs) to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060501. [PMID: 32486228 PMCID: PMC7357155 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing rate of antibiotic resistance constitutes a global health crisis. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the property to selectively kill bacteria regardless of resistance to traditional antibiotics. However, several challenges (e.g., reduced activity in the presence of serum and lack of efficacy in vivo) to clinical development need to be overcome. In the last two decades, we have addressed many of those challenges by engineering cationic AMPs de novo for optimization under test conditions that typically inhibit the activities of natural AMPs, including systemic efficacy. We reviewed some of the most promising data of the last two decades in the context of the advancement of the field of helical AMPs toward clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-412-624-0103
| | - Ronald C. Montelaro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Ken L. Urish
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Yuanpu P. Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
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Yu Q, Deng T, Lin FC, Zhang B, Zink JI. Supramolecular Assemblies of Heterogeneous Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Co-deliver Antimicrobial Peptides and Antibiotics for Synergistic Eradication of Pathogenic Biofilms. ACS NANO 2020; 14:5926-5937. [PMID: 32310641 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic biofilms protected by extracellular polymeric substances frequently compromise the efficiency of antibacterial drugs and severely threaten human health. In this study, we designed a multi-stimuli-responsive magnetic supramolecular nanoplatform to co-deliver large and low molecular weight drugs for synergistic eradication of pathogenic biofilms. This co-delivery platform was composed of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with large pores (MSNLP) capped by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-modified polyethylenimine (PEICD) and adamantane (ADA)-decorated MSNs containing a magnetic core (MagNP@MSNA) capped by cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]). The host MSNs (H, MSNLP@PEICD) and the guest MSNs (G, MagNP@MSNA-CB[6]) spontaneously form coassemblies (H+G), based on the host-guest interactions between β-CD and ADA. Under the stimulus of pathogen cells together with heating by an alternating magnetic field (AMF), the supramolecular coassemblies released both the large molecular weight antimicrobial peptide melittin (MEL) and the low molecular weight antibiotic ofloxacin (OFL) with high efficiency. As compared to free drugs (MEL and OFL) or unattached MSNs (H or G), the drug-loading H+G coassemblies (H-MEL+G-OFL) exhibited much higher capacity for biofilm eradication, thoroughly removing biofilm biomass and killing the pathogenic cells, and displaying no obvious toxicity to mammalian cells. This strong antibiofilm capacity was severely decreased when the host and guest components were prevented from coassembling but administered simultaneously, revealing the critical role of the supramolecular assembly in biofilm removal. Moreover, an in vivo implantation model showed that the coassemblies eradicated the pathogenic biofilms from the implants, preventing host tissue damage and inflammation. Therefore, the co-delivering and multi-stimuli-responsive nanocarriers could overcome the anti-infection difficulties during treatment of infections because of protective biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tian Deng
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Fang-Chu Lin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jeffrey I Zink
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Heinrich F, Salyapongse A, Kumagai A, Dupuy FG, Shukla K, Penk A, Huster D, Ernst RK, Pavlova A, Gumbart JC, Deslouches B, Di YP, Tristram-Nagle S. Synergistic Biophysical Techniques Reveal Structural Mechanisms of Engineered Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides in Lipid Model Membranes. Chemistry 2020; 26:6247-6256. [PMID: 32166806 PMCID: PMC8146162 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the quest for new antibiotics, two novel engineered cationic antimicrobial peptides (eCAPs) have been rationally designed. WLBU2 and D8 (all 8 valines are the d-enantiomer) efficiently kill both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, but WLBU2 is toxic and D8 nontoxic to eukaryotic cells. We explore protein secondary structure, location of peptides in six lipid model membranes, changes in membrane structure and pore evidence. We suggest that protein secondary structure is not a critical determinant of bactericidal activity, but that membrane thinning and dual location of WLBU2 and D8 in the membrane headgroup and hydrocarbon region may be important. While neither peptide thins the Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide outer membrane model, both locate deep into its hydrocarbon region where they are primed for self-promoted uptake into the periplasm. The partially α-helical secondary structure of WLBU2 in a red blood cell (RBC) membrane model containing 50 % cholesterol, could play a role in destabilizing this RBC membrane model causing pore formation that is not observed with the D8 random coil, which correlates with RBC hemolysis caused by WLBU2 but not by D8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Heinrich
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of, Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Aria Salyapongse
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Akari Kumagai
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Fernando G Dupuy
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT and Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Biquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Karpur Shukla
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Centre for Mathematical Modeling, Flame University, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anja Penk
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Anna Pavlova
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - James C Gumbart
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Y Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Thappeta KRV, Vikhe YS, Yong AMH, Chan-Park MB, Kline KA. Combined Efficacy of an Antimicrobial Cationic Peptide Polymer with Conventional Antibiotics to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1228-1237. [PMID: 32138506 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant infections are predicted to kill 10 million people worldwide per year by 2050 and to cost the global economy 100 trillion USD. Novel approaches and alternatives to conventional antibiotics are urgently required to combat antimicrobial resistance. We have synthesized a chitosan-based oligolysine antimicrobial peptide, CSM5-K5 (where CSM denotes chitosan monomer repeat units and K denotes lysine amino acid repeat units), that targets multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial species. Here, we show that CSM5-K5 exhibits rapid bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), MDR Escherichia coli, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE). Combinatorial therapy of CSM5-K5 with antibiotics to which each organism is otherwise resistant restores sensitivity to the conventional antibiotic. CSM5-K5 alone significantly reduced preformed bacterial biofilm by 2-4 orders of magnitude and, in combination with conventional antibiotics, reduced preformed biofilm by more than 2-3 orders of magnitude at subinhibitory concentrations. Moreover, using a mouse excisional wound infection model, CSM5-K5 treatment reduced bacterial burdens by 1-3 orders of magnitude and acted synergistically with oxacillin, vancomycin, and streptomycin to clear MRSA, VRE, and MDR E. coli, respectively. Importantly, little to no resistance against CSM5-K5 arose for any of the three MDR bacteria during 15 days of serial passage. Furthermore, low level resistance to CSM5-K5 that did arise for MRSA conferred increased susceptibility (collateral sensitivity) to the β-lactam antibiotic oxacillin. This work demonstrates the feasibility and benefits of using this synthetic cationic peptide as an alternative to, or in combination with, traditional antibiotics to treat infections caused by MDR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore R. V. Thappeta
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Yogesh S. Vikhe
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459
| | - Adeline M. H. Yong
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Mary B. Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459
| | - Kimberly A. Kline
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
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Di YP, Lin Q, Chen C, Montelaro RC, Doi Y, Deslouches B. Enhanced therapeutic index of an antimicrobial peptide in mice by increasing safety and activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay6817. [PMID: 32426473 PMCID: PMC7195177 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay6817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of antibiotic resistance underscores the urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potentially effective therapeutics that disrupt bacterial membranes regardless of resistance to traditional antibiotics. We have developed engineered cationic AMPs (eCAPs) with broad activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, but stability remains an important concern. Therefore, we sought to enhance the clinical utility of eCAP WLBU2 in biological matrices relevant to respiratory infection. A designed substitution of d-Val for l-Val resulted in increased resistance to protease enzymatic degradation. We observed multiple gains of functions such as higher activity against bacteria in biofilm mode of growth, significantly lower toxicity to erythrocytes and white blood cells compared to WLBU2, with increased safety in mice. Direct airway delivery revealed a therapeutic index of >140 for the selected enantiomer compared to that of <35 for WLBU2. The data warrant clinical exploration by aerosolized delivery to mitigate MDR-related respiratory infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. P. Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Q. Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C. Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R. C. Montelaro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Y. Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Departments of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - B. Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Antimicrobial Peptides from Rat-Tailed Maggots of the Drone Fly Eristalis tenax Show Potent Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050626. [PMID: 32344933 PMCID: PMC7284870 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is an increasing threat to human health, because novel compound classes for the development of antibiotics have not been discovered for decades. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may provide a much-needed breakthrough because these immunity-related defense molecules protect many eukaryotes against Gram-negative pathogens. Recent concepts in evolutionary immunology predict the presence of potent AMPs in insects that have adapted to survive in habitats with extreme microbial contamination. For example, the saprophagous and coprophagous maggots of the drone fly Eristalis tenax (Diptera) can flourish in polluted aquatic habitats, such as sewage tanks and farmyard liquid manure storage pits. We used next-generation sequencing to screen the E. tenax immunity-related transcriptome for AMPs that are synthesized in response to the injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. We identified 22 AMPs and selected nine for larger-scale synthesis to test their activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Two cecropin-like peptides (EtCec1-a and EtCec2-a) and a diptericin-like peptide (EtDip) displayed strong activity against the pathogens, even under simulated physiological conditions, and also achieved a good therapeutic window. Therefore, these AMPs could be used as leads for the development of novel antibiotics.
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Rangel K, Curty Lechuga G, Almeida Souza AL, Rangel da Silva Carvalho JP, Simões Villas Bôas MH, De Simone SG. Pan-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, but Not Other Strains, Are Resistant to the Bee Venom Peptide Mellitin. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9040178. [PMID: 32295149 PMCID: PMC7235889 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9040178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a prevalent pathogen in hospital settings with increasing importance in infections associated with biofilm production. Due to a rapid increase in its drug resistance and the failure of commonly available antibiotics to treat A. baumannii infections, this bacterium has become a critical public health issue. For these multi-drug resistant A. baumannii, polymyxin antibiotics are considered the only option for the treatment of severe infections. Concerning, several polymyxin-resistant A. baumannii strains have been isolated over the last few years. This study utilized pan drug-resistant (PDR) strains of A. baumannii isolated in Brazil, along with susceptible (S) and extreme drug-resistant (XDR) strains in order to evaluate the in vitro activity of melittin, an antimicrobial peptide, in comparison to polymyxin and another antibiotic, imipenem. From a broth microdilution method, the determined minimum inhibitory concentration showed that S and XDR strains were susceptible to melittin. In contrast, PDR A. baumannii was resistant to all treatments. Treatment with the peptide was also observed to inhibit biofilm formation of a susceptible strain and appeared to cause permanent membrane damage. A subpopulation of PDR showed membrane damage, however, it was not sufficient to stop bacterial growth, suggesting that alterations involved with antibiotic resistance could also influence melittin resistance. Presumably, mutations in the PDR that have arisen to confer resistance to widely used therapeutics also confer resistance to melittin. Our results demonstrate the potential of melittin to be used in the control of bacterial infections and suggest that antimicrobial peptides can serve as the basis for the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne Rangel
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological, Development in Health (CDTS)/National, Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900; (G.C.L.); (A.L.A.S.); (J.P.R.d.S.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (S.G.D.S.)
| | - Guilherme Curty Lechuga
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological, Development in Health (CDTS)/National, Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900; (G.C.L.); (A.L.A.S.); (J.P.R.d.S.C.)
- FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - André Luis Almeida Souza
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological, Development in Health (CDTS)/National, Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900; (G.C.L.); (A.L.A.S.); (J.P.R.d.S.C.)
| | - João Pedro Rangel da Silva Carvalho
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological, Development in Health (CDTS)/National, Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900; (G.C.L.); (A.L.A.S.); (J.P.R.d.S.C.)
| | - Maria Helena Simões Villas Bôas
- FIOCRUZ, Microbiology Department, National Institute for Quality Control in Health (INCQS), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Salvatore Giovanni De Simone
- FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological, Development in Health (CDTS)/National, Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900; (G.C.L.); (A.L.A.S.); (J.P.R.d.S.C.)
- FIOCRUZ, Federal Fluminense University, Biology Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Rio de Janeiro, Niterói 24020-140, Brazil
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (S.G.D.S.)
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Cote CK, Blanco II, Hunter M, Shoe JL, Klimko CP, Panchal RG, Welkos SL. Combinations of early generation antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides are effective against a broad spectrum of bacterial biothreat agents. Microb Pathog 2020; 142:104050. [PMID: 32050093 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The misuse of infectious disease pathogens as agents of deliberate attack on civilians and military personnel is a serious national security concern, which is exacerbated by the emergence of natural or genetically engineered multidrug resistant strains. In this study, the therapeutic potential of combinations of an antibiotic and a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide (AMP) was evaluated against five bacterial biothreats, the etiologic agents of glanders (Burkholderia mallei), melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei), plague (Yersinia pestis), tularemia (Francisella tularensis), and anthrax (Bacillus anthracis). The therapeutics included licensed early generation antibiotics which are now rarely used. Three antibiotics and one 24- amino acid AMP were selected based on MIC assay data. Combinations of the AMP and tigecycline, minocycline, or novobiocin were screened for synergistic activity by checkerboard MIC assay. The combinations each enhanced the susceptibility of several strains. The tetracycline-peptide combinations increased the sensitivities of Y. pestis, F. tularensis, B. anthracis and B. pseudomallei, and the novobiocin-AMP combination augmented the sensitivity of all five. In time-kill assays, down-selected combinations of the peptide and minocycline or tigecycline enhanced killing of B. anthracis, Y. pestis, F. tularensis, and Burkholderia mallei but not B. pseudomallei. The novobiocin-AMP pair significantly reduced viability of all strains except B. mallei, which was very sensitive to the antibiotic alone. The results suggested that antibiotic-AMP combinations are useful tools for combating diverse pathogens. Future studies employing cell culture and animal models will utilize virulent strains of the agents to investigate the in vivo availability, host cytotoxicity, and protective efficacy of these therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Cote
- Bacteriology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702-5011, USA.
| | - Irma I Blanco
- Bacteriology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702-5011, USA
| | - Melissa Hunter
- Bacteriology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702-5011, USA
| | - Jennifer L Shoe
- Bacteriology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702-5011, USA
| | - Christopher P Klimko
- Bacteriology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702-5011, USA
| | | | - Susan L Welkos
- Bacteriology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702-5011, USA.
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TSPphg Lysin from the Extremophilic Thermus Bacteriophage TSP4 as a Potential Antimicrobial Agent against Both Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Pathogenic Bacteria. Viruses 2020; 12:v12020192. [PMID: 32050494 PMCID: PMC7077265 DOI: 10.3390/v12020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
New strategies against antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens are urgently needed but are not within reach. Here, we present in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of TSPphg, a novel phage lysin identified from extremophilic Thermus phage TSP4 by sequencing its whole genome. By breaking down the bacterial cells, TSPphg is able to cause bacteria destruction and has shown bactericidal activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, especially antibiotic-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, in which the complete elimination and highest reduction in bacterial counts by greater than 6 logs were observed upon 50 μg/mL TSPphg treatment at 37 °C for 1 h. A murine skin infection model further confirmed the in vivo efficacy of TSPphg in removing a highly dangerous and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from skin damage and in accelerating wound closure. Together, our findings may offer a therapeutic alternative to help fight bacterial infections in the current age of mounting antibiotic resistance, and to shed light on bacteriophage-based strategies to develop novel anti-infectives.
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Hirsch R, Wiesner J, Marker A, Pfeifer Y, Bauer A, Hammann PE, Vilcinskas A. Profiling antimicrobial peptides from the medical maggot Lucilia sericata as potential antibiotics for MDR Gram-negative bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:96-107. [PMID: 30272195 PMCID: PMC6322280 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ability of MDR Gram-negative bacteria to evade even antibiotics of last resort is a severe global challenge. The development pipeline for conventional antibiotics cannot address this issue, but antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer an alternative solution. Objectives Two insect-derived AMPs (LS-sarcotoxin and LS-stomoxyn) were profiled to assess their suitability for systemic application in humans. Methods The peptides were tested against an extended panel of 114 clinical MDR Gram-negative bacterial isolates followed by time–kill analysis, interaction studies and assays to determine the likelihood of emerging resistance. In further in vitro studies we addressed cytotoxicity, cardiotoxicity and off-target interactions. In addition, an in vivo tolerability and pharmacokinetic study in mice was performed. Results LS-sarcotoxin and LS-stomoxyn showed potent and selective activity against Gram-negative bacteria and no cross-resistance with carbapenems, fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides. Peptide concentrations of 4 or 8 mg/L inhibited 90% of the clinical MDR isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Salmonella enterica isolates tested. The ‘all-d’ homologues of the peptides displayed markedly reduced activity, indicating a chiral target. Pharmacological profiling revealed a good in vitro therapeutic index, no cytotoxicity or cardiotoxicity, an inconspicuous broad-panel off-target profile, and no acute toxicity in mice at 10 mg/kg. In mouse pharmacokinetic experiments LS-sarcotoxin and LS-stomoxyn plasma levels above the lower limit of quantification (1 and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively) were detected after 5 and 15 min, respectively. Conclusions LS-sarcotoxin and LS-stomoxyn are suitable as lead candidates for the development of novel antibiotics; however, their pharmacokinetic properties need to be improved for systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Hirsch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Department of Bioresources, Gießen, Germany
- Present address: Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Wiesner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Department of Bioresources, Gießen, Germany
| | - Alexander Marker
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yvonne Pfeifer
- Department 1 – Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Armin Bauer
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter E Hammann
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany
- Present address: Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Department of Bioresources, Gießen, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Gießen, Gießen, Germany
- Corresponding author. Tel: +49 641 99 39500; E-mail: orcid.org/0000-0001-8276-4968
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Ma Y, Wang C, Li Y, Li J, Wan Q, Chen J, Tay FR, Niu L. Considerations and Caveats in Combating ESKAPE Pathogens against Nosocomial Infections. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1901872. [PMID: 31921562 PMCID: PMC6947519 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are among the most common opportunistic pathogens in nosocomial infections. ESKAPE pathogens distinguish themselves from normal ones by developing a high level of antibiotic resistance that involves multiple mechanisms. Contemporary therapeutic strategies which are potential options in combating ESKAPE bacteria need further investigation. Herein, a broad overview of the antimicrobial research on ESKAPE pathogens over the past five years is provided with prospective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Xuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Chen‐Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Qian‐Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Ji‐Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
- The Graduate SchoolAugusta University1430, John Wesley Gilbert DriveAugustaGA30912‐1129USA
| | - Li‐Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University145 Changle West RoadXi'anShaanxi710032P. R. China
- The Graduate SchoolAugusta University1430, John Wesley Gilbert DriveAugustaGA30912‐1129USA
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Expression of T9W in Pichia pastoris and the protective roles of T9W in ICR Mice. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 42:67-78. [PMID: 31732827 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this paper is to express the novel α-helical peptide T9W more efficiently using the Pichia pastoris expression system and to examine the role of T9W in ICR mice. RESULTS The novel antimicrobial peptide T9W was expressed in P. pastoris X-33 by using the vector pPICZαA. Approximately 13 mg/L T9W was secreted from the culture and purified. The expressed peptide has similar activity to the synthetic peptide. ICR female mice challenged with P. aeruginosa 27853 at the LD100 were treated with T9W and CPFX. The results showed that the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and lung damage was significantly reduced by the treatment group, and the protective response was equivalent between T9W and ciprofloxacin-treated mice. CONCLUSION T9W was expressed in P. pastoris X-33 via the methanol-inducible vector pPICZαA and exhibited the same biological activity as synthetic T9W. T9W can alleviate damage to mice caused by P. aeruginosa.
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