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Pickering L, Castro-Gutierrez V, Holden B, Haley J, Jarvis P, Campo P, Hassard F. How bioaugmentation for pesticide removal influences the microbial community in biologically active sand filters. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142956. [PMID: 39074664 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Removing pesticides from biological drinking water filters is challenging due to the difficulty in activating pesticide-degrading bacteria within the filters. Bioaugmented bacteria can alter the filter's microbiome, affecting its performance either positively or negatively, depending on the bacteria used and their interaction with native microbes. We demonstrate that adding specific bacteria strains can effectively remove recalcitrant pesticides, like metaldehyde, yielding compliance to regulatory standards for an extended period. Our experiments revealed that the Sphingobium CMET-H strain was particularly effective, consistently reducing metaldehyde concentrations to levels within regulatory compliance, significantly outperforming Acinetobacter calcoaceticus E1. This success is attributed to the superior acclimation and distribution of the Sphingobium strain within the filter bed, facilitating more efficient interactions with and degradation of the pesticide, even when present at lower population densities compared to Acinetobacter calcoaceticus E1. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that the addition of pesticide-degrading strains significantly impacts the filter's microbiome at various depths, despite these strains making up less than 1% of the total microbial community. The sequence in which these bacteria are introduced influences the system's ability to degrade pesticides effectively. This research shows the potential of carefully selected and dosed bioaugmented bacteria to improve the pesticide removal capabilities of water filtration systems, while also highlighting the dynamics between bioaugmented and native microbial communities. Further investigation into optimizing bioaugmentation strategies is suggested to enhance the resilience and efficiency of drinking water treatment systems against pesticide contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pickering
- Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Victor Castro-Gutierrez
- Environmental Pollution Research Center (CICA), University of Costa Rica, Montes de Oca, 11501, Costa Rica
| | | | - John Haley
- UK Water Industry Research Limited, London, UK
| | - Peter Jarvis
- Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Pablo Campo
- Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Francis Hassard
- Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK.
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2
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Reiß F, Kiefer N, Purahong W, Borken W, Kalkhof S, Noll M. Active soil microbial composition and proliferation are directly affected by the presence of biocides from building materials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168689. [PMID: 38000743 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Combinations of biocides are commonly added to building materials to prevent microbial growth and thereby cause degradation of the façades. These biocides reach the environment by leaching from façades posing an environmental risk. Although ecotoxicity to the aquatic habitat is well established, there is hardly any data on the ecotoxicological effects of biocides on the soil habitat. This study aimed to characterize the effect of the biocides terbutryn, isoproturon, octhilinone, and combinations thereof on the total and metabolically active soil microbial community composition and functions. Total soil microbial community was retrieved directly from the nucleic acid extracts, while the DNA of the active soil microbial community was separated after bromodeoxyuridine labeling. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer region gene-based amplicon sequencing was carried out for both active and total, while gene copy numbers were quantified only for the total soil microbial community. Additionally, soil respiration and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed to investigate overall soil microbial activity. The bacterial and fungal gene copy numbers were significantly affected by single biocides and combined biocide soil treatment but not soil respiration and physico-chemical parameters. While the total soil microbiome experienced only minor effects from single and combined biocide treatment, the active soil microbiome was significantly impacted in its diversity, richness, composition, and functional patterns. The active bacterial richness was more sensitive than fungal richness. However, the adverse effects of the biocide combination treatments on soil bacterial richness were highly dependent on the identities of the biocide combination. Our results demonstrate that the presence of biocides frequently used in building materials affects the active soil microbiome. Thereby, the approach described herein can be used as an ecotoxicological measure for the effect on complex soil environments in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Reiß
- Institute for Bioanalysis, Department of Applied Natural Sciences and Health, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Kiefer
- Institute for Bioanalysis, Department of Applied Natural Sciences and Health, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany
| | - Witoon Purahong
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Werner Borken
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stefan Kalkhof
- Institute for Bioanalysis, Department of Applied Natural Sciences and Health, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany; Proteomics Unit, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Noll
- Institute for Bioanalysis, Department of Applied Natural Sciences and Health, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany; Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
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3
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Raes B, Wang J, Horemans B, Dirckx L, Waldherr S, Kohler HPE, Springael D. The Growth Yield of Aminobacter niigataensis MSH1 on the Micropollutant 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide Decreases Substantially at Trace Substrate Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2859-2869. [PMID: 38289638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
2,6-Dichlorobenzamide (BAM) is an omnipresent micropollutant in European groundwaters. Aminobacter niigataensis MSH1 is a prime candidate for biologically treating BAM-contaminated groundwater since this organism is capable of utilizing BAM as a carbon and energy source. However, detailed information on the BAM degradation kinetics by MSH1 at trace concentrations is lacking, while this knowledge is required for predicting and optimizing the degradation process. Contaminating assimilable organic carbon (AOC) in media makes the biodegradation experiment a mixed-substrate assay and hampers exploration of pollutant degradation at trace concentrations. In this study, we examined how the BAM concentration affects MSH1 growth and BAM substrate utilization kinetics in a AOC-restricted background to avoid mixed-substrate conditions. Conventional Monod kinetic models were unable to predict kinetic parameters at low concentrations from kinetics determined at high concentrations. Growth yields on BAM were concentration-dependent and decreased substantially at trace concentrations; i.e., growth of MSH1 diminished until undetectable levels at BAM concentrations below 217 μg-C/L. Nevertheless, BAM degradation continued. Decreasing growth yields at lower BAM concentrations might relate to physiological adaptations to low substrate availability or decreased expression of downstream steps of the BAM catabolic pathway beyond 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (2,6-DCBA) that ultimately leads to Krebs cycle intermediates for growth and energy conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Raes
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Heverlee B-3001, Belgium
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Heverlee B-3001, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Horemans
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Heverlee B-3001, Belgium
| | - Lode Dirckx
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Heverlee B-3001, Belgium
| | - Steffen Waldherr
- Chemical Reactor Engineering and Safety (CREaS), KU Leuven, Heverlee B-3001, Belgium
| | - Hans-Peter E Kohler
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Springael
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Heverlee B-3001, Belgium
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4
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Aldas-Vargas A, Poursat BAJ, Sutton NB. Potential and limitations for monitoring of pesticide biodegradation at trace concentrations in water and soil. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:240. [PMID: 36261779 PMCID: PMC9581840 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides application on agricultural fields results in pesticides being released into the environment, reaching soil, surface water and groundwater. Pesticides fate and transformation in the environment depend on environmental conditions as well as physical, chemical and biological degradation processes. Monitoring pesticides biodegradation in the environment is challenging, considering that traditional indicators, such as changes in pesticides concentration or identification of pesticide metabolites, are not suitable for many pesticides in anaerobic environments. Furthermore, those indicators cannot distinguish between biotic and abiotic pesticide degradation processes. For that reason, the use of molecular tools is important to monitor pesticide biodegradation-related genes or microorganisms in the environment. The development of targeted molecular (e.g., qPCR) tools, although laborious, allowed biodegradation monitoring by targeting the presence and expression of known catabolic genes of popular pesticides. Explorative molecular tools (i.e., metagenomics & metatranscriptomics), while requiring extensive data analysis, proved to have potential for screening the biodegradation potential and activity of more than one compound at the time. The application of molecular tools developed in laboratory and validated under controlled environments, face challenges when applied in the field due to the heterogeneity in pesticides distribution as well as natural environmental differences. However, for monitoring pesticides biodegradation in the field, the use of molecular tools combined with metadata is an important tool for understanding fate and transformation of the different pesticides present in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Aldas-Vargas
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Baptiste A J Poursat
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nora B Sutton
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Koroša A, Mali N. Control of organic contaminants in groundwater by passive sampling and multivariate statistical analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 318:115440. [PMID: 35717694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic contaminants in groundwater are among the most challenging chemical compound contaminants today, particularly when it comes to understanding their occurrence, origin, and relations in groundwater, as well as the transport processes, fate, and environmental impacts involved. This paper presents the use of active carbon fibre (AFC) passive sampling and multivariate statistical processing of the results to predict the possible occurrence of organic compounds (OCs) in groundwater and to determine the origin of various anthropogenic activity. This study aims to deepen our knowledge on the control of OCs in groundwater by introducing a multi-analytical and multi-elemental holistic approach, using the Dravsko polje aquifer, the largest intergranular aquifer in Slovenia, as an example. The occurrence of OCs in groundwater was determined by means of ACFs and compared against the characteristics of the recharge area and the type of compounds detected. We combined hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the relationship between different OCs in groundwater. The relationships between their occurrence, environmental setting and type of compound were determined using multiple linear regression (MLR). From the total of 343 organic compounds detected using passive sampling, 47 were included in further statistical analysis. MLR shows that the environmental setting is one of the most important factors affecting the different types of pollutants in groundwater. MLR models were calculated for different sources of pollution (agricultural, urban, and industrial) based on the environmental setting, land use, agglomeration, infrastructure networks, and hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer. By means of HCA and PCA, we identified the relationships between different OCs in groundwater. As expected, the strongest correlations were found between primary compounds and their degradation products (e.g. atrazine and desethylatrazine) and compounds of similar use (e.g. atrazine and propazine, also desethylatrazine and propazine, atrazine and simazine). Some of them were also found to have a similar molecular structure (e.g. palmitic and stearic acid, 5-methoxygramine and 5-methoxytryptamine). The use of the same substances in different environments (agricultural/urban) makes them markers of both (different) origins. Therefore, it is particularly important to determine the combination of markers of different origin using multivariate statistical methods, especially in the case of mixed land use. This study identifies the main factors influencing the distribution of groundwater OCs and thus contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the vulnerability of shallow groundwater to surface-derived contamination in similar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koroša
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Department of Hydrogeology, Dimičeva Ulica 14, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - N Mali
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Department of Hydrogeology, Dimičeva Ulica 14, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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6
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Oliva J, Valadez-Renteria E, Kshetri YK, Encinas A, Lee SW, Rodriguez-Gonzalez V. A sustainable composite of rice-paper/BaMoO 4 nanoparticles for the photocatalytic elimination of the recalcitrant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) pesticide in drinking water and its mechanisms of degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:59915-59929. [PMID: 35397726 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This research reports the use of biodegradable and flexible composites for the removal of the 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) pesticide from drinking water. Rice paper (a biodegradable substrate) and Ag/BaMoO4 (MOBA) nanoparticles were employed to fabricate these composites. The SEM images showed that the MOBA nanoparticles with sizes of 300-800 nm decorated the surface of the biodegradable substrate and formed porous agglomerates, which have sizes of 1-3 μm. The MOBA powders were dispersed in drinking water polluted with BAM and were exposed to 4 h of UV-VIS irradiation, producing a maximum degradation of 82% for the BAM. Moreover, the flexible and biodegradable rice/MOBA composite produced a maximum removal percentage of 95% for the BAM. Also, we studied the effect of pH of the initial solution utilizing both powders and composites. From here, we found that a pH of 10 leads to a complete degradation of BAM after 4h, while a pH of 3 degraded only 37-47% of BAM for the same reaction time. According to the scavenger experiments, the •OH radical and the h+ were the main oxidizing agents for the BAM. Overall, the biodegradable photocatalytic composites are a reliable and a low-cost alternative to eliminate pesticides from the drinking water and can find application in water purification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Oliva
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
| | - Ernesto Valadez-Renteria
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Yuwaraj K Kshetri
- Department of Environmental and Bio-Chemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Armando Encinas
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Soo Wohn Lee
- Department of Environmental and Bio-Chemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam, 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Vicente Rodriguez-Gonzalez
- CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
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7
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Schostag MD, Gobbi A, Fini MN, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Aamand J, Hansen LH, Muff J, Albers CN. Combining reverse osmosis and microbial degradation for remediation of drinking water contaminated with recalcitrant pesticide residue. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 216:118352. [PMID: 35358881 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater contamination by recalcitrant organic micropollutants such as pesticide residues poses a great threat to the quality of drinking water. One way to remediate drinking water containing micropollutants is to bioaugment with specific pollutant degrading bacteria. Previous attempts to augment sand filters with the 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) degrading bacterium Aminobacter niigataensis MSH1 to remediate BAM-polluted drinking water initially worked well, but the efficiency rapidly decreased due to loss of degrader bacteria. Here, we use pilot-scale augmented sand filters to treat retentate of reverse osmosis treatment, thus increasing residence time in the biofilters and potentially nutrient availability. In a first pilot-scale experiment, BAM and most of the measured nutrients were concentrated 5-10 times in the retentate. This did not adversely affect the abundances of inoculated bacteria and the general prokaryotic community of the sand filter presented only minor differences. On the other hand, the high degradation activity was not prolonged compared to the filter receiving non-concentrated water at the same residence time. Using laboratory columns, it was shown that efficient BAM degradation could be achieved for >100 days by increasing the residence time in the sand filter. A slower flow may have practical implications for the treatment of large volumes of water, however this can be circumvented when treating only the retentate water equalling 10-15% of the volume of inlet water. We therefore conducted a second pilot-scale experiment with two inoculated sand filters receiving membrane retentate operated with different residence times (22 versus 133 min) for 65 days. While the number of MSH1 in the biofilters was not affected, the effect on degradation was significant. In the filter with short residence time, BAM degradation decreased from 86% to a stable level of 10-30% degradation within the first two weeks. The filter with the long residence time initially showed >97% BAM degradation, which only slightly decreased with time (88% at day 65). Our study demonstrates the advantage of combining membrane filtration with bioaugmented filters in cases where flow rate is of high importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten D Schostag
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alex Gobbi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mahdi Nikbakht Fini
- Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Aamand
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Hestbjerg Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jens Muff
- Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Christian N Albers
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark.
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8
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Sun F, Mellage A, Wang Z, Bakkour R, Griebler C, Thullner M, Cirpka OA, Elsner M. Toward Improved Bioremediation Strategies: Response of BAM-Degradation Activity to Concentration and Flow Changes in an Inoculated Bench-Scale Sediment Tank. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4050-4061. [PMID: 35263099 PMCID: PMC8988295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) can reveal mass-transfer limitations during biodegradation of organic pollutants by enabling the detection of masked isotope fractionation. Here, we applied CSIA to monitor the adaptive response of bacterial degradation in inoculated sediment to low contaminant concentrations over time. We characterized Aminobacter sp. MSH1 activity in a flow-through sediment tank in response to a transient supply of elevated 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) concentrations as a priming strategy and took advantage of an inadvertent intermittence to investigate the effect of short-term flow fluctuations. Priming and flow fluctuations yielded improved biodegradation performance and increased biodegradation capacity, as evaluated from bacterial activity and residual concentration time series. However, changes in isotope ratios in space and over time evidenced that mass transfer became increasingly limiting for degradation of BAM at low concentrations under such stimulated conditions, and that activity decreased further due to bacterial adaptation at low BAM (μg/L) levels. Isotope ratios, in conjunction with residual substrate concentrations, therefore helped identifying underlying limitations of biodegradation in such a stimulated system, offering important insight for future optimization of remediation schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchao Sun
- Institute
of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstadter Landstrasse 1 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Adrian Mellage
- Center
for Applied Geoscience, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 94, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zhe Wang
- Institute
of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstadter Landstrasse 1 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair
of Ecological Microbiology, University of
Bayreuth, Dr.-Hans-Frisch-Straße 1-3, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany
- School
of Life Sciences, Technical University of
Munich, Alte Akademie 8, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Rani Bakkour
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Griebler
- Department
of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Thullner
- Department
of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ—Helmholtz
Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 30418 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olaf A. Cirpka
- Center
for Applied Geoscience, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 94, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- Institute
of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstadter Landstrasse 1 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
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9
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Vandermaesen J, Du S, Daly AJ, Baetens JM, Horemans B, De Baets B, Boon N, Springael D. Interspecies Interactions of the 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide Degrading Aminobacter sp. MSH1 with Resident Sand Filter Bacteria: Indications for Mutual Cooperative Interactions That Improve BAM Mineralization Activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1352-1364. [PMID: 34982540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioaugmentation often involves an invasion process requiring the establishment and activity of a foreign microbe in the resident community of the target environment. Interactions with resident micro-organisms, either antagonistic or cooperative, are believed to impact invasion. However, few studies have examined the variability of interactions between an invader and resident species of its target environment, and none of them considered a bioremediation context. Aminobacter sp. MSH1 mineralizing the groundwater micropollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM), is proposed for bioaugmentation of sand filters used in drinking water production to avert BAM contamination. We examined the nature of the interactions between MSH1 and 13 sand filter resident bacteria in dual and triple species assemblies in sand microcosms. The residents affected MSH1-mediated BAM mineralization without always impacting MSH1 cell densities, indicating effects on cell physiology rather than on cell number. Exploitative competition explained most of the effects (70%), but indications of interference competition were also found. Two residents improved BAM mineralization in dual species assemblies, apparently in a mutual cooperation, and overruled negative effects by others in triple species systems. The results suggest that sand filter communities contain species that increase MSH1 fitness. This opens doors for assisting bioaugmentation through co-inoculation with "helper" bacteria originating from and adapted to the target environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Vandermaesen
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 Bus 2459, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Siyao Du
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 Bus 2459, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Aisling J Daly
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jan M Baetens
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Horemans
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 Bus 2459, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bernard De Baets
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Springael
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 Bus 2459, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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10
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Nielsen TK, Horemans B, Lood C, T'Syen J, van Noort V, Lavigne R, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Hylling O, Aamand J, Springael D, Hansen LH. The complete genome of 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) degrader Aminobacter sp. MSH1 suggests a polyploid chromosome, phylogenetic reassignment, and functions of plasmids. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18943. [PMID: 34556718 PMCID: PMC8460812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminobacter sp. MSH1 (CIP 110285) can use the pesticide dichlobenil and its recalcitrant transformation product, 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM), as sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. The concentration of BAM in groundwater often exceeds the threshold limit for drinking water, requiring additional treatment in drinking water treatment plants or closure of the affected abstraction wells. Biological treatment with MSH1 is considered a potential sustainable alternative to remediate BAM-contamination in drinking water production. We present the complete genome of MSH1, which was determined independently in two institutes at Aarhus University and KU Leuven. Divergences were observed between the two genomes, i.e. one of them lacked four plasmids compared to the other. Besides the circular chromosome and the two previously described plasmids involved in BAM catabolism, pBAM1 and pBAM2, the genome of MSH1 contained two megaplasmids and three smaller plasmids. The MSH1 substrain from KU Leuven showed a reduced genome lacking a megaplasmid and three smaller plasmids and was designated substrain MK1, whereas the Aarhus variant with all plasmids was designated substrain DK1. A plasmid stability experiment indicate that substrain DK1 may have a polyploid chromosome when growing in R2B medium with more chromosomes than plasmids per cell. Finally, strain MSH1 is reassigned as Aminobacter niigataensis MSH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tue Kjærgaard Nielsen
- Section for Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Horemans
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.,Sustainable Materials Unit, BAT Knowledge Centre, Vlaams Instituut voor Technologisch Onderzoek, Mol, Belgium
| | - Cédric Lood
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen T'Syen
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vera van Noort
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lea Ellegaard-Jensen
- Section of Environmental Microbiology and Circular Resource Flow, Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ole Hylling
- Section of Environmental Microbiology and Circular Resource Flow, Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jens Aamand
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dirk Springael
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lars Hestbjerg Hansen
- Section for Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Espinosa-Ortiz EJ, Rene ER, Gerlach R. Potential use of fungal-bacterial co-cultures for the removal of organic pollutants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:361-383. [PMID: 34325585 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1940831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungi and bacteria coexist in a wide variety of natural and artificial environments which can lead to their association and interaction - ranging from antagonism to cooperation - that can affect the survival, colonization, spatial distribution and stress resistance of the interacting partners. The use of polymicrobial cultivation approaches has facilitated a more thorough understanding of microbial dynamics in mixed microbial communities, such as those composed of fungi and bacteria, and their influence on ecosystem functions. Mixed (multi-domain) microbial communities exhibit unique associations and interactions that could result in more efficient systems for the degradation and removal of organic pollutants. Several previous studies have reported enhanced biodegradation of certain pollutants when using combined fungal-bacterial treatments compared to pure cultures or communities of either fungi or bacteria (single domain systems). This article reviews: (i) the mechanisms of pollutant degradation that can occur in fungal-bacterial systems (e.g.: co-degradation, production of secondary metabolites, enhancement of degradative enzyme production, and transport of bacteria by fungal mycelia); (ii) case studies using fungal-bacterial co-cultures for the removal of various organic pollutants (synthetic dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, and other trace or volatile organic compounds) in different environmental matrices (e.g. water, gas/vapors, soil); (iii) the key aspects of engineering artificial fungal-bacterial co-cultures, and (iv) the current challenges and future perspectives of using fungal-bacterial co-cultures for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Espinosa-Ortiz
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, 2601DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Gerlach
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
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12
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Artuso I, Turrini P, Pirolo M, Lugli GA, Ventura M, Visca P. Phylogenomic Reconstruction and Metabolic Potential of the Genus Aminobacter. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061332. [PMID: 34205374 PMCID: PMC8235418 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genus Aminobacter are metabolically versatile organisms thriving in both natural and anthropized terrestrial environments. To date, the taxonomy of this genus is poorly defined due to the unavailability of the genomic sequence of A. anthyllidis LMG 26462T and the presence of unclassified Aminobacter strains. Here, we determined the genome sequence of A. anthyllidis LMG 26462T and performed phylogenomic, average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization analyses of 17 members of genus Aminobacter. Our results indicate that 16S rRNA-based phylogeny does not provide sufficient species-level discrimination, since most of the unclassified Aminobacter strains belong to valid Aminobacter species or are putative new species. Since some members of the genus Aminobacter can utilize certain C1 compounds, such as methylamines and methyl halides, a comparative genomic analysis was performed to characterize the genetic basis of some degradative/assimilative pathways in the whole genus. Our findings suggest that all Aminobacter species are heterotrophic methylotrophs able to generate the methylene tetrahydrofolate intermediate through multiple oxidative pathways of C1 compounds and convey it in the serine cycle. Moreover, all Aminobacter species carry genes implicated in the degradation of phosphonates via the C-P lyase pathway, whereas only A. anthyllidis LMG 26462T contains a symbiosis island implicated in nodulation and nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Artuso
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.A.); (P.T.)
| | - Paolo Turrini
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.A.); (P.T.)
| | - Mattia Pirolo
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (G.A.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (G.A.L.); (M.V.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.A.); (P.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0657336347
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13
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Sun F, Mellage A, Gharasoo M, Melsbach A, Cao X, Zimmermann R, Griebler C, Thullner M, Cirpka OA, Elsner M. Mass-Transfer-Limited Biodegradation at Low Concentrations-Evidence from Reactive Transport Modeling of Isotope Profiles in a Bench-Scale Aquifer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:7386-7397. [PMID: 33970610 PMCID: PMC8173607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic contaminant degradation by suspended bacteria in chemostats has shown that isotope fractionation decreases dramatically when pollutant concentrations fall below the (half-saturation) Monod constant. This masked isotope fractionation implies that membrane transfer is slow relative to the enzyme turnover at μg L-1 substrate levels. Analogous evidence of mass transfer as a bottleneck for biodegradation in aquifer settings, where microbes are attached to the sediment, is lacking. A quasi-two-dimensional flow-through sediment microcosm/tank system enabled us to study the aerobic degradation of 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM), while collecting sufficient samples at the outlet for compound-specific isotope analysis. By feeding an anoxic BAM solution through the center inlet port and dissolved oxygen (DO) above and below, strong transverse concentration cross-gradients of BAM and DO yielded zones of low (μg L-1) steady-state concentrations. We were able to simulate the profiles of concentrations and isotope ratios of the contaminant plume using a reactive transport model that accounted for a mass-transfer limitation into bacterial cells, where apparent isotope enrichment factors *ε decreased strongly below concentrations around 600 μg/L BAM. For the biodegradation of organic micropollutants, mass transfer into the cell emerges as a bottleneck, specifically at low (μg L-1) concentrations. Neglecting this effect when interpreting isotope ratios at field sites may lead to a significant underestimation of biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchao Sun
- Institute
of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, Ingolstädter
Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 17, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Adrian Mellage
- Center
for Applied Geoscience, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 94−96, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Mehdi Gharasoo
- Institute
of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, Ingolstädter
Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ecohydrology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Aileen Melsbach
- Institute
of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, Ingolstädter
Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 17, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Xin Cao
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Comprehensive
Molecular Analytics (CMA) Cooperation Group Helmholtz Zentrum, Gmunderstrasse 37, Munich 81379, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Comprehensive
Molecular Analytics (CMA) Cooperation Group Helmholtz Zentrum, Gmunderstrasse 37, Munich 81379, Germany
| | - Christian Griebler
- Department
of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Martin Thullner
- Department
of Environmental Microbiology, UFZ—Helmholtz
Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig 30418, Germany
| | - Olaf A. Cirpka
- Center
for Applied Geoscience, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 94−96, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- Institute
of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum
München, Ingolstädter
Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 17, Munich 81377, Germany
- Phone: +49 89 2180-78232
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14
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Castaño A, Prosenkov A, Baragaño D, Otaegui N, Sastre H, Rodríguez-Valdés E, Gallego JLR, Peláez AI. Effects of in situ Remediation With Nanoscale Zero Valence Iron on the Physicochemical Conditions and Bacterial Communities of Groundwater Contaminated With Arsenic. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:643589. [PMID: 33815330 PMCID: PMC8010140 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.643589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) is a cost-effective nanomaterial that is widely used to remove a broad range of metal(loid)s and organic contaminants from soil and groundwater. In some cases, this material alters the taxonomic and functional composition of the bacterial communities present in these matrices; however, there is no conclusive data that can be generalized to all scenarios. Here we studied the effect of nZVI application in situ on groundwater from the site of an abandoned fertilizer factory in Asturias, Spain, mainly polluted with arsenic (As). The geochemical characteristics of the water correspond to a microaerophilic and oligotrophic environment. Physico-chemical and microbiological (cultured and total bacterial diversity) parameters were monitored before and after nZVI application over six months. nZVI treatment led to a marked increase in Fe(II) concentration and a notable fall in the oxidation-reduction potential during the first month of treatment. A substantial decrease in the concentration of As during the first days of treatment was observed, although strong fluctuations were subsequently detected in most of the wells throughout the six-month experiment. The possible toxic effects of nZVI on groundwater bacteria could not be clearly determined from direct observation of those bacteria after staining with viability dyes. The number of cultured bacteria increased during the first two weeks of the treatment, although this was followed by a continuous decrease for the following two weeks, reaching levels moderately below the initial number at the end of sampling, and by changes in their taxonomic composition. Most bacteria were tolerant to high As(V) concentrations and showed the presence of diverse As resistance genes. A more complete study of the structure and diversity of the bacterial community in the groundwater using automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) and sequencing of the 16S rRNA amplicons by Illumina confirmed significant alterations in its composition, with a reduction in richness and diversity (the latter evidenced by Illumina data) after treatment with nZVI. The anaerobic conditions stimulated by treatment favored the development of sulfate-reducing bacteria, thereby opening up the possibility to achieve more efficient removal of As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Castaño
- Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alexander Prosenkov
- Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Diego Baragaño
- INDUROT and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, Campus of Mieres, University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
| | - Nerea Otaegui
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
| | - Herminio Sastre
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Rodríguez-Valdés
- INDUROT and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, Campus of Mieres, University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
| | - José Luis R Gallego
- INDUROT and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, Campus of Mieres, University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Peláez
- Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,University Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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15
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Daly AJ, Stock M, Baetens JM, De Baets B. Guiding Mineralization Co-Culture Discovery Using Bayesian Optimization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:14459-14469. [PMID: 31682110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many disciplines rely on testing combinations of compounds, materials, proteins, or bacterial species to drive scientific discovery. It is time-consuming and expensive to determine experimentally, via trial-and-error or random selection approaches, which of the many possible combinations will lead to desirable outcomes. Hence, there is a pressing need for more rational and efficient experimental design approaches to reduce experimental effort. In this work, we demonstrate the potential of machine learning methods for the in silico selection of promising co-culture combinations in the application of bioaugmentation. We use the example of pollutant removal in drinking water treatment plants, which can be achieved using co-cultures of a specialized pollutant degrader with combinations of bacterial isolates. To reduce the experimental effort needed to discover high-performing combinations, we propose a data-driven experimental design. Based on a dataset of mineralization performance for all pairs of 13 bacterial species co-cultured with MSH1, we built a Gaussian process regression model to predict the Gompertz mineralization parameters of the co-cultures of two and three species, based on the single-strain parameters. We subsequently used this model in a Bayesian optimization scheme to suggest potentially high-performing combinations of bacteria. We achieved good performance with this approach, both for predicting mineralization parameters and for selecting effective co-cultures, despite the limited dataset. As a novel application of Bayesian optimization in bioremediation, this experimental design approach has promising applications for highlighting co-culture combinations for in vitro testing in various settings, to lessen the experimental burden and perform more targeted screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling J Daly
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling , Ghent University , Coupure Links 653 , B-9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Michiel Stock
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling , Ghent University , Coupure Links 653 , B-9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Jan M Baetens
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling , Ghent University , Coupure Links 653 , B-9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Bernard De Baets
- KERMIT, Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling , Ghent University , Coupure Links 653 , B-9000 Ghent , Belgium
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16
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Hylling O, Nikbakht Fini M, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Muff J, Madsen HT, Aamand J, Hansen LH. A novel hybrid concept for implementation in drinking water treatment targets micropollutant removal by combining membrane filtration with biodegradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133710. [PMID: 31756842 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater extracted for drinking water production is commonly treated by aeration and sand filtration. However, this simple treatment is typically unable to remove pesticide residues. As a solution, bioaugmentation of sand filter units (i.e., the addition of specific degrader strains) has been proposed as an alternative "green" technology for targeted pesticide removal. However, the introduced degraders are challenged by (i) micropollutant levels of target residue, (ii) the oligotrophic environment and (iii) competition and predation by the native microorganisms, leading to loss of population and degradation potential. To overcome these challenges, we propose the introduction of a novel hybrid treatment step to the overall treatment process in which reverse osmosis filtration and biodegradation are combined to remove a target micropollutant. Here, the reverse osmosis produces a concentrated retentate that will act as a feed to a dedicated biofilter unit, intended to promote biodegradation potential and stability of an introduced degrader. Subsequently, the purified retentate will be re-mixed with the permeate from reverse osmosis, for re-mineralization and downstream consumption. In our study, we investigated the effect of reverse osmosis retentates on the degradation potential of an introduced degrader. This paper provides the first promising results of this hybrid concept using the 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM)-degrading bacteria Aminobacter sp. MSH1 in batch experiments, spiked with radiolabeled BAM. The results showed an increased degradation potential of MSH1 in retentate waters versus untreated water. Colony-forming units and qPCR showed a stable MSH1 population, despite higher concentrations of salts and metals, and increased growth of native bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Hylling
- Aarhus University, Dept. Environmental Science, Section for Environmental Microbiology & Biotechnology, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mahdi Nikbakht Fini
- Aalborg University, Dept. of Chemistry and Bioscience/Section of Chemical Engineering, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Lea Ellegaard-Jensen
- Aarhus University, Dept. Environmental Science, Section for Environmental Microbiology & Biotechnology, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jens Muff
- Aalborg University, Dept. of Chemistry and Bioscience/Section of Chemical Engineering, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Tækker Madsen
- Aalborg University, Dept. of Chemistry and Bioscience/Section of Chemical Engineering, Esbjerg, Denmark; Saltkraft Aps, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Jens Aamand
- Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Dept. of Geochemistry, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Hestbjerg Hansen
- Aarhus University, Dept. Environmental Science, Section for Environmental Microbiology & Biotechnology, Roskilde, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant- and Environmental Science, Section for Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Rasheed T, Bilal M, Nabeel F, Adeel M, Iqbal HMN. Environmentally-related contaminants of high concern: Potential sources and analytical modalities for detection, quantification, and treatment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 122:52-66. [PMID: 30503315 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, emerging contaminants (ECs) of high concern are broadly distributed throughout the environmental matrices because of various industrial practices and anthropogenic inputs, i.e., human-made activities. With ever increasing scientific knowledge, technological advancement, socio-economic awareness, people are now more concern about the widespread distribution of environmentally related ECs of high concern. As, ECs possess serious ecological threats and potential risks to human health and aquatic life, even at minor concentrations. The controlled or uncontrolled discharge and long-term persistence of ECs that includes micro-pollutants, endocrine disruptors (EDs), pesticides, pharmaceuticals, hormones, toxins, and industrially-related synthetic dyes and dyes-containing hazardous pollutants, etc. pose a significant challenge to policy regulators, engineers, and scientific community. The conventional treatment technologies are proved ineffective for the complete elimination and removal of an array of contaminants of emerging environmental concern in various biological and environmental samples. In order to overcome the aforementioned ecological threats, tremendous research efforts have been made to boost the efficiency of remediation techniques or develop new modalities to detect, quantify and treat the samples efficiently. The boom in biotechnology and environmental engineering offers potential opportunities to develop advanced and innovative remediation techniques in the field of water treatment. This review discusses the environmental and health hazards associated with a widespread distribution of micro-pollutants, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, hormones, and industrially-related synthetic dyes and dyes-containing hazardous pollutants, etc. in the water bodies, i.e., surface water, groundwater, and industrial wastewater streams. Life-cycle distribution of emerging (micro)-pollutants with suitable examples from various industrial sources viewpoints is also discussed. The later part of the review focuses on innovative and cost-effective remediation (removal) approaches from phase-changing treatment technologies for these ECs of high concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China.
| | - Faran Nabeel
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., CP 64849, Mexico.
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18
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Berberich J, Li T, Sahle-Demessie E. Biosensors for Monitoring Water Pollutants: A Case Study With Arsenic in Groundwater. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-815730-5.00011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Bilal M, Rasheed T, Iqbal HMN, Yan Y. Peroxidases-assisted removal of environmentally-related hazardous pollutants with reference to the reaction mechanisms of industrial dyes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:1-13. [PMID: 29980079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental protection is one of the most important challenges for the humankind. Increasing number of emerging pollutants resulting from industrial/human-made activities represents a serious menace to the ecological and environmental equilibrium. Industrial dyes, endocrine disrupters, pesticides, phenols and halogenated phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and other xenobiotics are among the top priority environmental pollutants. Some classical remediation approaches including physical, chemical and biological are being employed, but are ineffective in cleaning the environment. Enzyme-catalyzed transformation reactions are gearing accelerating attention in this context as potential alternatives to classical chemical methods. Peroxidases are catalysts able to decontaminate an array of toxic compounds by a free radical mechanism resulting in oxidized or depolymerized products along with a significant toxicity reduction. Admittedly, enzymatic catalysis offers the hallmark of high chemo-, regio-, and enantioselectivity and superior catalytic efficiency under given reaction environment. Moreover, enzymes are considered more benign, socially acceptable and greener production routes since derived from the renewable and sustainable feedstock. Regardless of their versatility and potential use in environmental processes, several limitations, such as heterologous production, catalytic stability, and redox potential should be overcome to implement peroxidases at large-scale transformation and bio-elimination of recalcitrant pollutants. In this article, a critical review of the transformation of different types of hazardous pollutants by peroxidases, with special reference to the proposed reaction mechanisms of several dyes is presented. Following that major challenges for industrial and environmental applications of peroxidases are also discussed. Towards the end, the information is also given on miscellaneous applications of peroxidases, concluding remarks and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- The School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL CP 64849, Mexico.
| | - Yunjun Yan
- Key Lab of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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20
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Catabolism of the groundwater micropollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide beyond 2,6-dichlorobenzoate is plasmid encoded in Aminobacter sp. MSH1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7963-7979. [PMID: 29984394 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aminobacter sp. MSH1 uses the groundwater micropollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) as sole source of carbon and energy. In the first step, MSH1 converts BAM to 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (2,6-DCBA) by means of the BbdA amidase encoded on the IncP-1β plasmid pBAM1. Information about the genes and degradation steps involved in 2,6-DCBA metabolism in MSH1 or any other organism is currently lacking. Here, we show that the genes for 2,6-DCBA degradation in strain MSH1 reside on a second catabolic plasmid in MSH1, designated as pBAM2. The complete sequence of pBAM2 was determined revealing that it is a 53.9 kb repABC family plasmid. The 2,6-DCBA catabolic genes on pBAM2 are organized in two main clusters bordered by IS elements and integrase genes and encode putative functions like Rieske mono-/dioxygenase, meta-cleavage dioxygenase, and reductive dehalogenases. The putative mono-oxygenase encoded by the bbdD gene was shown to convert 2,6-DCBA to 3-hydroxy-2,6-dichlorobenzoate (3-OH-2,6-DCBA). 3-OH-DCBA was degraded by wild-type MSH1 and not by a pBAM2-free MSH1 variant indicating that it is a likely intermediate in the pBAM2-encoded DCBA catabolic pathway. Based on the activity of BbdD and the putative functions of the other catabolic genes on pBAM2, a metabolic pathway for BAM/2,6-DCBA in strain MSH1 was suggested.
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21
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Villaverde J, Rubio-Bellido M, Lara-Moreno A, Merchan F, Morillo E. Combined use of microbial consortia isolated from different agricultural soils and cyclodextrin as a bioremediation technique for herbicide contaminated soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:118-125. [PMID: 29127836 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The phenylurea herbicide diuron is persistent in soil, water and groundwater and is considered to be a highly toxic molecule. The principal product of its biodegradation, 3,4-dichloroaniline, exhibits greater toxicity than diuron and is persistent in the environment. Five diuron degrading microbial consortia (C1C5), isolated from different agricultural soils, were investigated for diuron mineralization activity. The C2 consortium was able to mineralize 81.6% of the diuron in solution, while consortium C3 was only able to mineralize 22.9%. Isolated consortia were also tested in soil slurries and in all cases, except consortium C4, DT50 (the time required for the diuron concentration to decline to half of its initial value) was drastically reduced, from 700 days (non-inoculated control) to 546, 351, and 171 days for the consortia C5, C2, and C1, respectively. In order to test the effectiveness of the isolated consortium C1 in a more realistic scenario, soil diuron mineralization assays were performed under static conditions (40% of the soil water-holding capacity). A significant enhancement of diuron mineralization was observed after C1 inoculation, with 23.2% of the herbicide being mineralized in comparison to 13.1% for the control experiment. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, a biodegradable organic enhancer of pollutant bioavailability, used in combination with C1 bioaugmentation in static conditions, resulted in a significant decrease in the DT50 (214 days; 881 days, control experiment). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of soil-isolated microbial consortia in combination with cyclodextrins proposed as a bioremediation technique for pesticide contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Villaverde
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNAS-CSIC), Apartado 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - M Rubio-Bellido
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNAS-CSIC), Apartado 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
| | - A Lara-Moreno
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNAS-CSIC), Apartado 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
| | - F Merchan
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Sevilla, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ Profesor García González, 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - E Morillo
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNAS-CSIC), Apartado 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
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22
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Individual-Based Modelling of Invasion in Bioaugmented Sand Filter Communities. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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23
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Efficient biodegradation of dihalogenated benzonitrile herbicides by recombinant Escherichia coli harboring nitrile hydratase-amidase pathway. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Groundwater contamination with 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) and perspectives for its microbial removal. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5235-5245. [PMID: 28616645 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The pesticide metabolite 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) is very persistent in both soil and groundwater and has become one of the most frequently detected groundwater micropollutants. BAM is not removed by the physico-chemical treatment techniques currently used in drinking water treatment plants (DWTP); therefore, if concentrations exceed the legal threshold limit, it represents a sizeable problem for the stability and quality of drinking water production, especially in places that depend on groundwater for drinking water. Bioremediation is suggested as a valuable strategy for removing BAM from groundwater by deploying dedicated BAM-degrading bacteria in DWTP sand filters. Only a few bacterial strains with the capability to degrade BAM have been isolated, and of these, only three isolates belonging to the Aminobacter genus are able to mineralise BAM. Considerable effort has been made to elucidate degradation pathways, kinetics and degrader genes, and research has recently been presented on the application of strain Aminobacter sp. MSH1 for the purification of BAM-contaminated water. The aim of the present review was to provide insight into the issue of BAM contamination and to report on the current status and knowledge with regard to the application of microorganisms for purification of BAM-contaminated water resources. This paper discusses the prospects and challenges for bioaugmentation of DWTP sand filters with specific BAM-degrading bacteria and identifies relevant perspectives for future research.
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Genetic (In)stability of 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide Catabolism in Aminobacter sp. Strain MSH1 Biofilms under Carbon Starvation Conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.00137-17. [PMID: 28363960 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00137-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminobacter sp. strain MSH1 grows on and mineralizes the groundwater micropollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) and is of interest for BAM removal in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). The BAM-catabolic genes in MSH1 are located on plasmid pBAM1, carrying bbdA, which encodes the conversion of BAM to 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (2,6-DCBA) (BbdA+ phenotype), and plasmid pBAM2, carrying gene clusters encoding the conversion of 2,6-DCBA to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates (Dcba+ phenotype). There are indications that MSH1 easily loses its BAM-catabolic phenotype. We obtained evidence that MSH1 rapidly develops a population that lacks the ability to mineralize BAM when grown on nonselective (R2B medium) and semiselective (R2B medium with BAM) media. Lack of mineralization was explained by loss of the Dcba+ phenotype and corresponding genes. The ecological significance of this instability for the use of MSH1 for BAM removal in the oligotrophic environment of DWTPs was explored in lab and pilot systems. A higher incidence of BbdA+ Dcba- MSH1 cells was also observed when MSH1 was grown as a biofilm in flow chambers under C and N starvation conditions due to growth on nonselective residual assimilable organic carbon. Similar observations were made in experiments with a pilot sand filter reactor bioaugmented with MSH1. BAM conversion to 2,6-DCBA was not affected by loss of the DCBA-catabolic genes. Our results show that MSH1 is prone to BAM-catabolic instability under the conditions occurring in a DWTP. While conversion of BAM to 2,6-DCBA remains unaffected, BAM mineralization activity is at risk, and monitoring of metabolites is warranted.IMPORTANCE Bioaugmentation of dedicated biofiltration units with bacterial strains that grow on and mineralize micropollutants was suggested as an alternative for treating micropollutant-contaminated water in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). Organic-pollutant-catabolic genes in bacteria are often easily lost, especially under nonselective conditions, which affects the bioaugmentation success. In this study, we provide evidence that Aminobacter sp. strain MSH1, which uses the common groundwater micropollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) as a C source, shows a high frequency of loss of its BAM-mineralizing phenotype due to the loss of genes that convert 2,6-DCBA to Krebs cycle intermediates when nonselective conditions occur. Moreover, we show that catabolic-gene loss also occurs in the oligotrophic environment of DWTPs, where growth of MSH1 depends mainly on the high fluxes of low concentrations of assimilable organic carbon, and hence show the ecological relevance of catabolic instability for using strain MSH1 for BAM removal in DWTPs.
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Hakoun V, Orban P, Dassargues A, Brouyère S. Factors controlling spatial and temporal patterns of multiple pesticide compounds in groundwater (Hesbaye chalk aquifer, Belgium). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 223:185-199. [PMID: 28139324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Factors governing spatial and temporal patterns of pesticide compounds (pesticides and metabolites) concentrations in chalk aquifers remain unclear due to complex flow processes and multiple sources. To uncover which factors govern pesticide compound concentrations in a chalk aquifer, we develop a methodology based on time series analyses, uni- and multivariate statistics accounting for concentrations below detection limits. The methodology is applied to long records (1996-2013) of a restricted compound (bentazone), three banned compounds (atrazine, diuron and simazine) and two metabolites (deethylatrazine (DEA) and 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM)) sampled in the Hesbaye chalk aquifer in Belgium. In the confined area, all compounds had non-detects fractions >80%. By contrast, maximum concentrations exceeded EU's drinking-water standard (100 ng L-1) in the unconfined area. This contrast confirms that recent recharge and polluted water did not reach the confined area, yet. Multivariate analyses based on variables representative of the hydrogeological setting revealed higher diuron and simazine concentrations in the southeast of the unconfined area, where urban activities dominate land use and where the aquifer lacks protection from a less permeable layer of hardened chalk. At individual sites, positive correlations (up to τ=0.48 for bentazone) between pesticide compound concentrations and multi-annual groundwater level fluctuations confirm occurrences of remobilization. A downward temporal trend of atrazine concentrations likely reflects decreasing use of this compound over the last 28 years. However, the lack of a break in concentrations time series and maximum concentrations of atrazine, simazine, DEA and BAM exceeding EU's standard post-ban years provide evidence of persistence. Contrasting upward trends in bentazone concentrations show that a time lag is required for restriction measures to be efficient. These results shed light on factors governing pesticide compound concentrations in chalk aquifers. The developed methodology is not restricted to chalk aquifers, it could be transposed to study other pollutants with concentrations below detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Hakoun
- Université de Liège, Département ArGEnCo, Hydrogéologie et Géologie de l'Environnement, Bât. B52/3 - Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Orban
- Université de Liège, Département ArGEnCo, Hydrogéologie et Géologie de l'Environnement, Bât. B52/3 - Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Dassargues
- Université de Liège, Département ArGEnCo, Hydrogéologie et Géologie de l'Environnement, Bât. B52/3 - Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Serge Brouyère
- Université de Liège, Département ArGEnCo, Hydrogéologie et Géologie de l'Environnement, Bât. B52/3 - Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
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Horemans B, Raes B, Vandermaesen J, Simanjuntak Y, Brocatus H, T'Syen J, Degryse J, Boonen J, Wittebol J, Lapanje A, Sørensen SR, Springael D. Biocarriers Improve Bioaugmentation Efficiency of a Rapid Sand Filter for the Treatment of 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide-Contaminated Drinking Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1616-1625. [PMID: 28027645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aminobacter sp. MSH1 immobilized in an alginate matrix in porous stones was tested in a pilot system as an alternative inoculation strategy to the use of free suspended cells for biological removal of micropollutant concentrations of 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). BAM removal rates and MSH1 cell numbers were recorded during operation and assessed with specific BAM degradation rates obtained in lab conditions using either freshly grown cells or starved cells to explain reactor performance. Both reactors inoculated with either suspended or immobilized cells showed immediate BAM removal under the threshold of 0.1 μg/L, but the duration of sufficient BAM removal was 2-fold (44 days) longer for immobilized cells. The longer sufficient BAM removal in case of immobilized cells compared to suspended cells was mainly explained by a lower initial loss of MSH1 cells at operational start due to volume replacement and shear. Overall loss of activity in the reactors though was due to starvation, and final removal rates did not differ between reactors inoculated with immobilized and suspended cells. Management of assimilable organic carbon, in addition to cell immobilization, appears crucial for guaranteeing long-term BAM degradation activity of MSH1 in DWTP units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Horemans
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bart Raes
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johanna Vandermaesen
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Yanti Simanjuntak
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Brocatus
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jeroen T'Syen
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Julie Degryse
- De Watergroep , Vooruitgangstraat 189, 1030 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jos Boonen
- De Watergroep , Vooruitgangstraat 189, 1030 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Ales Lapanje
- Josef Stefan Institute , Jamova 49, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- National Research Saratov State University , Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012 Saratov, Russian Federation
| | - Sebastian R Sørensen
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland , Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Dirk Springael
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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28
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Schultz-Jensen N, Aamand J, Sørensen SR. Bioaugmentation potential of free and formulated 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) degrading Aminobacter sp. MSH1 in soil, sand and water. AMB Express 2016; 6:33. [PMID: 27130267 PMCID: PMC4851666 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are used extensively worldwide, which has led to the unwanted contamination of soil and water resources. Former use of the herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil) has caused pollution of ground and surface water resources by the stable degradation product 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) in several parts of Europe, which has resulted in the costly closure of several drinking water wells. One strategy for preventing this in future is bioaugmentation using bacterial degraders. BAM-degrading Aminobacter sp. MSH1 was therefore formulated into dried beads and tests undertaken to establish their potential for use in the remediation of polluted soil, sand and water. The formulation procedure included freeze drying, combined with trehalose addition for cell wall protection, thus ensuring a high amount of viable cells following prolonged storage at room temperature. The beads were round-shaped pellets with a diameter of about 1.25 mm, a dry matter content of approximately 95 % and an average viable cell content of 4.4 × 10(9) cells/g bead. Formulated MSH1 cells led to a similar, and frequently even faster, BAM mineralisation (20-65 % (14)CO2 produced from (14)C-labelled BAM) in batch tests conducted with sand, water and different soil moisture contents compared to adding free cells. Furthermore, the beads were easy to handle and had a shelf life of several months.
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29
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Vandermaesen J, Horemans B, Degryse J, Boonen J, Walravens E, Springael D. Mineralization of the Common Groundwater Pollutant 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide (BAM) and its Metabolite 2,6-Dichlorobenzoic Acid (2,6-DCBA) in Sand Filter Units of Drinking Water Treatment Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10114-22. [PMID: 27533590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic capacity to mineralize the groundwater pollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) and its metabolite 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (2,6-DCBA) was evaluated in samples from sand filters (SFs) of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). Whereas BAM mineralization occurred rarely and only in SFs exposed to BAM, 2,6-DCBA mineralization was common in SFs, including those treating uncontaminated water. Nevertheless, SFs treating BAM contaminated water showed the highest 2,6-DCBA mineralization rates. For comparison, 2,6-DCBA and BAM mineralization were determined in various topsoil samples. As in SF samples, BAM mineralization was rare, whereas 2,6-DCBA mineralization capacity appeared widespread, with high mineralization rates found especially in forest soils. Multivariate analysis showed that in both SF and soil samples, high 2,6-DCBA mineralization correlated with high organic carbon content. Adding a 2,6-DCBA degradation deficient mutant of the BAM mineralizing Aminobacter sp. MSH1 confirmed that 2,6-DCBA produced from BAM is rapidly mineralized by the endogenous microbial community in SFs showing intrinsic 2,6-DCBA mineralization. This study demonstrates that (i) 2,6-DCBA mineralization is widely established in SFs of DWTPs, allowing the mineralization of 2,6-DCBA produced during BAM degradation and (ii) the first metabolic step in BAM mineralization is rare in microbial communities, rather than its further degradation beyond 2,6-DCBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Vandermaesen
- KU Leuven, Division of Soil and Water Management, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Horemans
- KU Leuven, Division of Soil and Water Management, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Julie Degryse
- Centraal laboratorium, De Watergroep, Researchpark Haasrode Leuven 1834 - Technologielaan 23, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jos Boonen
- Centraal laboratorium, De Watergroep, Researchpark Haasrode Leuven 1834 - Technologielaan 23, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Eddy Walravens
- Centraal laboratorium, De Watergroep, Researchpark Haasrode Leuven 1834 - Technologielaan 23, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Dirk Springael
- KU Leuven, Division of Soil and Water Management, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 bus 2459, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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30
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Sekhar A, Horemans B, Aamand J, Sørensen SR, Vanhaecke L, Bussche JV, Hofkens J, Springael D. Surface Colonization and Activity of the 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide (BAM) Degrading Aminobacter sp. Strain MSH1 at Macro- and Micropollutant BAM Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10123-33. [PMID: 27537851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Aminobacter sp. MSH1 uses the groundwater micropollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) as a C and N source and is a potential catalyst for biotreatment of BAM-contaminated groundwater in filtration units of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). The oligotrophic environment of DWTPs including trace pollutant concentrations, and the high flow rates impose challenges for micropollutant biodegradation in DWTPs. To understand how trace BAM concentrations affect MSH1 surface colonization and BAM degrading activity, MSH1 was cultivated in flow channels fed continuously with BAM macro- and microconcentrations in a N- and C-limiting medium. At all BAM concentrations, MSH1 colonized the flow channel. BAM degradation efficiencies were concentration-dependent, ranging between 70 and 95%. Similarly, BAM concentration affected surface colonization, but at 100 μg/L BAM and lower, colonization was similar to that in systems without BAM, suggesting that assimilable organic carbon and nitrogen other than those supplied by BAM sustained colonization at BAM microconcentrations. Comparison of specific BAM degradation rates in flow channels and in cultures of suspended freshly grown cells indicated that starvation conditions in flow channels receiving BAM microconcentrations resulted into MSH1 biomasses with 10-100-times reduced BAM degrading activity and provided a kinetic model for predicting BAM degradation under continuous C and N starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswini Sekhar
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Horemans
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jens Aamand
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Greenland and Denmark (GEUS) , DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sebastian R Sørensen
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Greenland and Denmark (GEUS) , DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, UGent , BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Vanden Bussche
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, UGent , BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200 F, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Springael
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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31
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Protozoa graze on the 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM)-degrading bacterium Aminobacter sp. MSH1 introduced into waterworks sand filters. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8965-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Schürner HKV, Maier MP, Eckert D, Brejcha R, Neumann CC, Stumpp C, Cirpka OA, Elsner M. Compound-Specific Stable Isotope Fractionation of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals in a Mesoscale Aquifer Model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:5729-39. [PMID: 27100740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) receives increasing interest for its ability to detect natural degradation of pesticides and pharmaceuticals. Despite recent laboratory studies, CSIA investigations of such micropollutants in the environment are still rare. To explore the certainty of information obtainable by CSIA in a near-environmental setting, a pulse of the pesticide bentazone, the pesticide metabolite 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM), and the pharmaceuticals diclofenac and ibuprofen was released into a mesoscale aquifer with quasi-two-dimensional flow. Concentration breakthrough curves (BTC) of BAM and ibuprofen demonstrated neither degradation nor sorption. Bentazone was transformed but did not sorb significantly, whereas diclofenac showed both degradation and sorption. Carbon and nitrogen CSIA could be accomplished in similar concentrations as for "traditional" priority pollutants (low μg/L range), however, at the cost of uncertainties (0.4-0.5‰ (carbon), 1‰ (nitrogen)). Nonetheless, invariant carbon and nitrogen isotope values confirmed that BAM was neither degraded nor sorbed, while significant enrichment of (13)C and in particular (15)N corroborated transformation of diclofenac and bentazone. Retardation of diclofenac was reflected in additional (15)N sorption isotope effects, whereas isotope fractionation of transverse dispersion could not be identified. These results provide a benchmark on the performance of CSIA to monitor the reactivity of micropollutants in aquifers and may guide future efforts to accomplish CSIA at even lower concentrations (ng/L range).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heide K V Schürner
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael P Maier
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Eckert
- Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen , Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ramona Brejcha
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia-Constanze Neumann
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine Stumpp
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olaf A Cirpka
- Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen , Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München , Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Tao Y, Han L, Li X, Han Y, Liu Z. Molecular structure, spectroscopy (FT-IR, FT-Raman), thermodynamic parameters, molecular electrostatic potential and HOMO-LUMO analysis of 2, 6-dichlorobenzamide. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Li T, Fang Z, Yu R, Cao X, Song H, Li X. The performance of the microbial fuel cell-coupled constructed wetland system and the influence of the anode bacterial community. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:1683-1692. [PMID: 26652300 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1127292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to analyse the influences of substrate and electrode on the performance of microbial fuel cell-coupled constructed wetland (CW-MFC), the electrical generation efficiencies, the decolourization mechanism of reactive brilliant red X-3B, and the microbial communities in the anode were investigated. The closed circuit reactor fed with a mixture of X-3B and glucose (166.7 mg/L X-3B and 140 mg/L glucose) (the mixture CC reactor) got a decolourization rate of 92.79%, which was higher than the open circuit reactor (the mixture OC reactor) and the reactor fed with X-3B (the X-3B reactor). The mixture CC reactor got a maximum power density of 0.200 W/m(3), which was much higher than the X-3B reactor. The intermediates produced by X-3B decolourization were further degraded in CW-MCs. The PCR-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis analysis indicated the dominance of Proteobacteria-like 16S rRNA gnen sequences. The brightest band was detected to be dominant by a Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens-like sequence. The electrogenic bacteria-associated sequences, such as Geobacter metallireducens and Desulfobulbaceae, both existed in the closed circuit and the open circuit reactors, accompanied with Desulfobacterium sp., Klebsiella sp., Aminobacter sp., Flavobacterium sp., Thauera aromatic, and Sphingomonas sp. The abundances of Geobacter sulfurreducens and Betaproteobacteria in the mixture CC reactor were 32.2% and 7.2%, respectively, and were higher than those in the mixture OC reactor. In summary, substrate and electrode can promote the performance of the CW-MFC and have effects on the microbial community in the anode of the CW-MFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- a School of Energy and Environment , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Fang
- a School of Energy and Environment , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Yu
- a School of Energy and Environment , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Cao
- a School of Energy and Environment , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Hailiang Song
- a School of Energy and Environment , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xianning Li
- a School of Energy and Environment , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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Albers CN, Feld L, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Aamand J. Degradation of trace concentrations of the persistent groundwater pollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) in bioaugmented rapid sand filters. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 83:61-70. [PMID: 26125500 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is an important drinking water resource. Yet, this resource is threatened by pollution from chemicals, such as pesticides and their degradation products. To investigate the potential for remediation of groundwater polluted by trace concentrations of the pesticide residue 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM), we established a pilot waterworks including two sand filters. The waterworks treated groundwater polluted with 0.2 μg/L BAM at flow conditions typical for rapid sand filters. Bioaugmentation of the sand filter with a specific BAM-degrading bacterium (Aminobacter sp. MSH1) resulted in significant BAM degradation to concentrations below the legal threshold level (0.1 μg/L), and this without adverse effects on other sand filter processes such as ammonium and iron oxidation. However, efficient degradation for more than 2-3 weeks was difficult to maintain due to loss of MSH1-bacteria, especially during backwashing. By limiting backwash procedures, the period of degradation was prolonged, but bacteria (and hence degradation activity) were still lost with time. Protozoa were observed to grow in the filters to a density that contributed significantly to the general loss of bacteria from the filters. Additionally, the concentration of easily assimilable organic carbon (AOC) in the remediated water may have been too low to sustain a sufficient population of degrader bacteria in the filter. This study shows that scaling up is not trivial and shortcomings in transferring degradation rates obtained in batch experiments to a rapid sand filter system are discussed. Further optimization is necessary to obtain and control more temporally stable systems for water purification. However, for the first time outside the laboratory and at realistic conditions a potential for the biodegradation of recalcitrant micropollutants in bioaugmented rapid sand filters is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nyrop Albers
- Dept. Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Louise Feld
- Dept. Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lea Ellegaard-Jensen
- Dept. Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Aamand
- Dept. Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
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T'Syen J, Tassoni R, Hansen L, Sorensen SJ, Leroy B, Sekhar A, Wattiez R, De Mot R, Springael D. Identification of the Amidase BbdA That Initiates Biodegradation of the Groundwater Micropollutant 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) in Aminobacter sp. MSH1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:11703-13. [PMID: 26308673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) is a recalcitrant groundwater micropollutant that poses a major problem for drinking water production in European countries. Aminobacter sp. MSH1 and related strains have the unique ability to mineralize BAM at micropollutant concentrations but no information exists on the genetics of BAM biodegradation. An amidase-BbdA-converting BAM to 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (DCBA) was purified from Aminobacter sp. MSH1. Heterologous expression of the corresponding bbdA gene and its absence in MSH1 mutants defective in BAM degradation, confirmed its BAM degrading function. BbdA shows low amino acid sequence identity with reported amidases and is encoded by an IncP1-β plasmid (pBAM1, 40.6 kb) that lacks several genes for conjugation. BbdA has a remarkably low KM for BAM (0.71 μM) and also shows activity against benzamide and ortho-chlorobenzamide (OBAM). Differential proteomics and transcriptional reporter analysis suggest the constitutive expression of bbdA in MSH1. Also in other BAM mineralizing Aminobacter sp. strains, bbdA and pBAM1 appear to be involved in BAM degradation. BbdA's high affinity for BAM and its constitutive expression are of interest for using strain MSH1 in treatment of groundwater containing micropollutant concentrations of BAM for drinking water production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen T'Syen
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raffaella Tassoni
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lars Hansen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 15, 2100 København, Denmark
| | - Søren J Sorensen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 15, 2100 København, Denmark
| | - Baptiste Leroy
- Department of Proteomics and Microbiology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons , Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Aswini Sekhar
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Department of Proteomics and Microbiology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons , Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - René De Mot
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Springael
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Ekelund F, Harder CB, Knudsen BE, Aamand J. Aminobacter MSH1-Mineralisation of BAM in Sand-Filters Depends on Biological Diversity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128838. [PMID: 26076202 PMCID: PMC4468195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BAM (2,6-dichlorobenzamide) is a metabolite of the pesticide dichlobenil. Naturally occurring bacteria that can utilize BAM are rare. Often the compound cannot be degraded before it reaches the groundwater and therefore it poses a serious threat to drinking water supplies. The bacterial strain Aminobacter MSH1 is a BAM degrader and therefore a potential candidate to be amended to sand filters in waterworks to remediate BAM polluted drinking water. A common problem in bioremediation is that bacteria artificially introduced into new diverse environments often thrive poorly, which is even more unfortunate because biologically diverse environments may ensure a more complete decomposition. To test the bioaugmentative potential of MSH1, we used a serial dilution approach to construct microcosms with different biological diversity. Subsequently, we amended Aminobacter MSH1 to the microcosms in two final concentrations; i.e. 105 cells mL-1 and 107 cells mL-1. We anticipated that BAM degradation would be most efficient at “intermediate diversities” as low diversity would counteract decomposition because of incomplete decomposition of metabolites and high diversity would be detrimental because of eradication of Aminobacter MSH1. This hypothesis was only confirmed when Aminobacter MSH1 was amended in concentrations of 105 cells mL-1.Our findings suggest that Aminobacter MSH1 is a very promising bioremediator at several diversity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flemming Ekelund
- Dept. of Biology, Copenhagen University, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Berith Elkær Knudsen
- Dept. Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland, Ø. Voldgade 10, DK-1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Aamand
- Dept. Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland, Ø. Voldgade 10, DK-1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Krüger US, Johnsen AR, Burmølle M, Aamand J, Sørensen SR. The potential for bioaugmentation of sand filter materials from waterworks using bacterial cultures degrading 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2015; 71:257-265. [PMID: 24737598 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The herbicide 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) is found frequently in Danish groundwater in concentrations exceeding the EU threshold limit of 0.1 µg L(-1) . Groundwater is used for drinking water, and one potential remediation strategy is bioaugmentation using inoculation of sand filters at affected waterworks with degrader bacteria. Numerous bacteria degrading phenoxyacetic acid herbicide have previously been isolated, and they may be candidates for bioaugmentation processes. Designing the optimum inoculum, however, requires knowledge of the capacity for degrading realistically low herbicide concentrations and the robustness of the bacteria when inoculated into sand filter materials. RESULTS Testing a range of different MCPA-mineralising bacterial combinations, using a high-throughput microplate radiorespirometric mineralisation assay, highlighted three efficient cocultures for mineralising low MCPA concentrations. Cocultures demonstrating a shorter time delay before initiation of (14) C-ring-labelled MCPA mineralisation to (14) CO2 , and a more extensive mineralisation of MCPA, compared with those of single strains, were found. When inoculated into different sand filter materials, the coculture effect was diminished, but several single strains enhanced MCPA mineralisation significantly at low MCPA concentrations. CONCLUSION This study shows that an increase in the potential for mineralisation of low herbicide concentrations in sand filter materials can be achieved by inoculating with bacterial degrader cultures. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urse S Krüger
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ololade IA, Oladoja NA, Alomaja F, Ololade OO, Olaseni EO, Oloye FF, Adelagun ROA. Influence of organic carbon and metal oxide phases on sorption of 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid under oxic and anoxic conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:4170. [PMID: 25433543 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-4170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chlorobenzoic acids represent crucial recalcitrant metabolites in the environment; thus, the influence of soil components on the sorption of 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid (TCB) under oxic and anoxic conditions was studied. The surficial physiognomies of untreated and isolated soil samples were studied using FTIR, XRD, specific surface area, and PZC determination. The roles of redox potential, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and pH, particularly under anoxic condition, were appraised. Batch equilibrium adsorption studies on soils of variable Fe/Mn oxides and organic carbon showed that adsorption was low across all components (log Koc = 0.82-3.10 Lg(-1)). The sorption of 2,4,6-TCB was well described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The fluctuation of both redox potential and pH during anoxic experiment had a negative impact on the sorption, partitioning, and the oxidation of organic matter. Linear relationships were observed for Kd with both soil total organic carbon (TOC) and surface area (SA). The results showed the existence of DOC-mediated sorption of 2,4,6-TCB which seems to be enhanced at lower pH. The reductive dissolution, particularly of iron compounds, possibly impeded sorption of 2,4,6-TCB under anoxic condition. It could be inferred that habitats dominated by fluctuating oxygen concentrations are best suited for the development of environmental conditions capable of mineralizing 2,4,6-TCB and similar xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Ayodele Ololade
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Adekunle Ajasin University, PMB 001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo-State, Nigeria,
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Frková Z, Badawi N, Johansen A, Schultz-Jensen N, Bester K, Sørensen SR, Karlson UG. Degradation of three benzonitrile herbicides by Aminobacter MSH1 versus soil microbial communities: pathways and kinetics. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2014; 70:1291-1298. [PMID: 24302680 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The herbicide dichlobenil was banned in the European Union after its metabolite 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) was encountered in groundwater. Owing to structural similarities, bromoxynil and ioxynil might be converted to persistent metabolites in a similar manner. To examine this, we used an indigenous soil bacterium Aminobacter sp. MSH1 which is capable of mineralizing dichlobenil via BAM and 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (2,6-DCBA). RESULTS Strain MSH1 converted bromoxynil and ioxynil to the corresponding aromatic metabolites, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (BrAC) and 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (IAC) following Michaelis-Menten kinetics (adjusted R(2) between 0.907 and 0.999). However, in contrast to 2,6-DCBA, degradation of these metabolites was not detected in the pure-culture studies, suggesting that they might pose an environmental risk if similar partial degradation occurred in soil. By contrast, experiments with natural soils indicated 20-30% mineralization of ioxynil and bromoxynil within the first week. CONCLUSION The degradation pathway of the three benzonitriles is initially driven by similar enzymes, after which more specific enzymes are responsible for further degradation. Ioxynil and bromoxynil mineralization in soil is not dependent on previous benzonitrile exposure. The accumulation of dead-end metabolites, as seen for dichlobenil, is not a major problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Frková
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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Huyop F, Cooper R. Degradation of Millimolar Concentration of the Herbicide Dalapon (2,2-Dichloropropionic Acid) byRhizobiumSp. Isolated from Soil. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/bbeq.2012.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Horemans B, Hofkens J, Smolders E, Springael D. Biofilm formation of a bacterial consortium on linuron at micropollutant concentrations in continuous flow chambers and the impact of dissolved organic matter. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 88:184-94. [PMID: 24410802 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial multispecies biofilms are catalysts for pollutant degradation in aqueous ecosystems. Their activity in systems where xenobiotics occur as micropollutants (μg L(-1) level) and natural dissolved organic matter provides carbon and energy instead remains uncharacterized. Biofilm formation of a bacterial consortium consisting of the linuron-degrading Variovorax sp. WDL1 and metabolite-degrading strains Comamonas sp. WDL7 and Hyphomicrobium sp. WDL6 at micropollutant linuron concentrations and the impact of auxiliary carbon sources on degradation and biofilm composition were investigated. Biofilms formed at concentrations of 1000, 100, and 10 μg L(-1) linuron. The highest biomass, organized in mixed-species mounds, was observed at 1000 μg L(-1) linuron, while at 100 and 10 μg L(-1) , thin layers of cells occurred. Linuron removal efficiencies decreased from c. 85% when fed with 100 and 1000 μg L(-1) linuron to 30% in case of 10 μg L(-1) linuron due to reduced specific activity. Biofilms grown on 10 μg L(-1) linuron were subsequently fed with easily and less degradable carbon sources in addition to 10 μg L(-1) linuron. Although co-feeding with more degradable C-sources increased biofilm biomass, linuron removal remained 30%. Calculations based on biofilm volume measurements pointed toward reduced specific activity, compensated by a higher biomass. Uncertainties about biofilm heterogeneity and cell volume can undo this explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Horemans
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Emerging pollutants in the environment: present and future challenges in biomonitoring, ecological risks and bioremediation. N Biotechnol 2014; 32:147-56. [PMID: 24462777 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Emerging pollutants reach the environment from various anthropogenic sources and are distributed throughout environmental matrices. Although great advances have been made in the detection and analysis of trace pollutants during recent decades, due to the continued development and refinement of specific techniques, a wide array of undetected contaminants of emerging environmental concern need to be identified and quantified in various environmental components and biological tissues. These pollutants may be mobile and persistent in air, water, soil, sediments and ecological receptors even at low concentrations. Robust data on their fate and behaviour in the environment, as well as on threats to ecological and human health, are still lacking. Moreover, the ecotoxicological significance of some emerging micropollutants remains largely unknown, because satisfactory data to determine their risk often do not exist. This paper discusses the fate, behaviour, (bio)monitoring, environmental and health risks associated with emerging chemical (pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, hormones, toxins, among others) and biological (bacteria, viruses) micropollutants in soils, sediments, groundwater, industrial and municipal wastewaters, aquaculture effluents, and freshwater and marine ecosystems, and highlights new horizons for their (bio)removal. Our study aims to demonstrate the imperative need to boost research and innovation for new and cost-effective treatment technologies, in line with the uptake, mode of action and consequences of each emerging contaminant. We also address the topic of innovative tools for the evaluation of the effects of toxicity on human health and for the prediction of microbial availability and degradation in the environment. Additionally, we consider the development of (bio)sensors to perform environmental monitoring in real-time mode. This needs to address multiple species, along with a more effective exploitation of specialised microbes or enzymes capable of degrading endocrine disruptors and other micropollutants. In practical terms, the outcomes of these activities will build up the knowledge base and develop solutions to fill the significant innovation gap faced worldwide.
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Kinetics and yields of pesticide biodegradation at low substrate concentrations and under conditions restricting assimilable organic carbon. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 80:1306-13. [PMID: 24317077 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03622-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamentals of growth-linked biodegradation occurring at low substrate concentrations are poorly understood. Substrate utilization kinetics and microbial growth yields are two critically important process parameters that can be influenced by low substrate concentrations. Standard biodegradation tests aimed at measuring these parameters generally ignore the ubiquitous occurrence of assimilable organic carbon (AOC) in experimental systems which can be present at concentrations exceeding the concentration of the target substrate. The occurrence of AOC effectively makes biodegradation assays conducted at low substrate concentrations mixed-substrate assays, which can have profound effects on observed substrate utilization kinetics and microbial growth yields. In this work, we introduce a novel methodology for investigating biodegradation at low concentrations by restricting AOC in our experiments. We modified an existing method designed to measure trace concentrations of AOC in water samples and applied it to systems in which pure bacterial strains were growing on pesticide substrates between 0.01 and 50 mg liter(-1). We simultaneously measured substrate concentrations by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV) or mass spectrometry (MS) and cell densities by means of flow cytometry. Our data demonstrate that substrate utilization kinetic parameters estimated from high-concentration experiments can be used to predict substrate utilization at low concentrations under AOC-restricted conditions. Further, restricting AOC in our experiments enabled accurate and direct measurement of microbial growth yields at environmentally relevant concentrations for the first time. These are critical measurements for evaluating the degradation potential of natural or engineered remediation systems. Our work provides novel insights into the kinetics of biodegradation processes and growth yields at low substrate concentrations.
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Sørensen SR, Juhler RK, Aamand J. Degradation and mineralisation of diuron by Sphingomonas sp. SRS2 and its potential for remediating at a realistic µg L(-1) diuron concentration. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2013; 69:1239-1244. [PMID: 23494959 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low concentrations (10(-6)-10(-9) g L(-1)) of the herbicide diuron are occasionally detected as water contaminants in areas around the world where the herbicide is used extensively. Remediation of contaminated waters using diuron-mineralising bacteria is a possible approach for cleaning these resources. However, few diuron-mineralising strains have been isolated. Here, the ability of Sphingomonas sp. SRS2, a well-known soil bacterium capable of degrading the structurally related herbicide isoproturon, to mineralise diuron at realistically low concentrations is tested. RESULTS Strain SRS2 readily degraded the dimethylurea side chain, while no or only slow mineralisation of the ring structure was determined. By monitoring metabolites, it was determined that SRS2 initially degraded diuron by two successive N-demethylations followed by cleavage of the urea group to 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA). Mineralisation of low diuron concentrations by SRS2 was detected and could be stimulated by the addition of a complex nutrient source. Further enhancement of the mineralisation activity was obtained by combining SRS2 with the 3,4-DCA-mineralising Variovorax sp. SRS16. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates that Sphingomonas sp. SRS2 is a promising candidate for bioaugmentation, alone or in combination with other strains, and that enhanced diuron mineralisation at realistically low concentrations can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian R Sørensen
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Benner J, Helbling DE, Kohler HPE, Wittebol J, Kaiser E, Prasse C, Ternes TA, Albers CN, Aamand J, Horemans B, Springael D, Walravens E, Boon N. Is biological treatment a viable alternative for micropollutant removal in drinking water treatment processes? WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:5955-76. [PMID: 24053940 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In western societies, clean and safe drinking water is often taken for granted, but there are threats to drinking water resources that should not be underestimated. Contamination of drinking water sources by anthropogenic chemicals is one threat that is particularly widespread in industrialized nations. Recently, a significant amount of attention has been given to the occurrence of micropollutants in the urban water cycle. Micropollutants are bioactive and/or persistent chemicals originating from diverse sources that are frequently detected in water resources in the pg/L to μg/L range. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the viability of biological treatment processes as a means to remove micropollutants from drinking water resources. We first place the micropollutant problem in context by providing a comprehensive summary of the reported occurrence of micropollutants in raw water used directly for drinking water production and in finished drinking water. We then present a critical discussion on conventional and advanced drinking water treatment processes and their contribution to micropollutant removal. Finally, we propose biological treatment and bioaugmentation as a potential targeted, cost-effective, and sustainable alternative to existing processes while critically examining the technical limitations and scientific challenges that need to be addressed prior to implementation. This review will serve as a valuable source of data and literature for water utilities, water researchers, policy makers, and environmental consultants. Meanwhile this review will open the door to meaningful discussion on the feasibility and application of biological treatment and bioaugmentation in drinking water treatment processes to protect the public from exposure to micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Benner
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Knudsen BE, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Albers CN, Rosendahl S, Aamand J. Fungal hyphae stimulate bacterial degradation of 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 181:122-127. [PMID: 23850628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of specific degrading microorganisms into polluted soil or aquifers is a promising remediation technology provided that the organisms survive and spread in the environment. We suggest that consortia, rather than single strains, may be better suited to overcome these challenges. Here we introduced a fungal-bacterial consortium consisting of Mortierella sp. LEJ702 and the 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM)-degrading Aminobacter sp. MSH1 into small sand columns. A more rapid mineralisation of BAM was obtained by the consortium compared to MSH1 alone especially at lower moisture contents. Results from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) demonstrated better spreading of Aminobacter when Mortierella was present suggesting that fungal hyphae may stimulate bacterial dispersal. Extraction and analysis of BAM indicated that translocation of the compound was also affected by the fungal hyphae in the sand. This suggests that fungal-bacterial consortia are promising for successful bioremediation of pesticide contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berith Elkær Knudsen
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Kolvenbach BA, Helbling DE, Kohler HPE, Corvini PFX. Emerging chemicals and the evolution of biodegradation capacities and pathways in bacteria. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 27:8-14. [PMID: 24863891 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The number of new chemicals produced is increasing daily by the thousands, and it is inevitable that many of these chemicals will reach the environment. Current research provides an understanding of how the evolution of promiscuous enzymes and the recruitment of enzymes available from the metagenome allows for the assembly of these pathways. Nevertheless, physicochemical constraints including bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and the structural variations of similar chemicals limit the evolution of biodegradation pathways. Similarly, physiological constraints related to kinetics and substrate utilization at low concentrations likewise limit chemical-enzyme interactions and consequently evolution. Considering these new data, the biodegradation decalogue still proves valid while at the same time the underlying mechanisms are better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris A Kolvenbach
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School for Life Sciences, Institute for Ecopreneurship, Gruendenstrasse 40, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland
| | - Damian E Helbling
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, Duebendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Peter E Kohler
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, Duebendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Philippe F-X Corvini
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School for Life Sciences, Institute for Ecopreneurship, Gruendenstrasse 40, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, Xianlin Avenue 163, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Stella T, Covino S, Křesinová Z, D'Annibale A, Petruccioli M, Čvančarová M, Cajthaml T. Chlorobenzoic acid degradation by Lentinus (Panus) tigrinus: in vivo and in vitro mechanistic study-evidence for P-450 involvement in the transformation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 260:975-983. [PMID: 23892164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aim of this work was to investigate the ability of Lentinus (Panus) tigrinus to degrade and detoxify a chlorobenzoate (CBA) mixture composed of mono-, di- and tri-chlorinated isomers. The degradation process was investigated as a function of both the growing medium (i.e. low N Kirk's and malt extract-glucose medium) and cultivation conditions (i.e. stationary and shaken cultures). The majority of CBAs were quantitatively degraded within the early 15 d from spiking with the notable exception of the double ortho-chlorinated compounds, 2,6-di-, 2,3,6-tri- and 2,4,6-tri-CBA. Analysis of the degradation intermediates indicated the occurrence of side chain reduction, hydroxylation and methylation reactions. Although CBAs stimulated laccase production, in vitro experiments with a purified L. tigrinus laccase isoenzyme demonstrated its inability to participate in the initial attack on CBAs even in the presence of redox mediators; similar results were found with a Mn-peroxidase isoenzyme. Conversely, prompt degradation was observed upon 1h incubation of CBAs with a purified microsomal fraction containing cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase. The nature of some reaction products (i.e. hydroxylated derivatives), the dependency of the reaction on NADPH and its susceptibility to either CO or piperonyl butoxide inhibition confirmed the involvement of L. tigrinus cytochrome P-450 in the early steps of CBA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Stella
- Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Large-scale bioreactor production of the herbicide-degrading Aminobacter sp. strain MSH1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:2335-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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