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Murcia-Cueto IS, Duarte-Rodríguez LZB, Jiménez-Leaño ÁP, Cantillo-Barraza O, Ospina CM, Patiño LH, Ramírez JD, Jaimes-Dueñez J. First report of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in urban hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) in Colombia. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 55:101116. [PMID: 39326967 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a zoonotic infection caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affecting over seven million people worldwide. T. cruzi can infect more than 100 species of wild mammals, including opossums, armadillos, bats, carnivores, rodents, and primates, as well as domestic animals like dogs, cats, and exotic pets. This is the first report of T. cruzi infection in an "exotic pet" African hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris), in an endemic area for CD in Colombia. After the patient underwent euthanasia due to worsening clinical signs including diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and hemiplegia, anatomopathological and histopathological examinations were conducted. Simultaneously, molecular diagnosis and genotyping of T. cruzi were performed using qPCR and Next Generation sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene, respectively. Anatomopathological examination revealed significant changes across various systems, including ulcerative hemorrhagic enteritis, left ventricular hypertrophy, lymphadenitis and diffuse meningeal edema. The main histopathological findings included mononuclear inflammatory reaction, congestion and hemorrhages in several organs, accompanied of amastigote cysts in cardiomyocytes. qPCR confirmed the presence of T. cruzi in heart, lymph node, brain, salivary gland, blood, and spleen. Regarding genotyping analyses, all organs were positive for TcI. This case confirms the susceptibility of A. albiventris to infection with T. cruzi and suggest a potential role for these pets as disseminators of T. cruzi infection in endemic areas. The ecological and epidemiological implications of these findings are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Sebastián Murcia-Cueto
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Luz Zoraya Beatriz Duarte-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Ángela Patricia Jiménez-Leaño
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Omar Cantillo-Barraza
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas - BCEI, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos M Ospina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luz H Patiño
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jeiczon Jaimes-Dueñez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
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Butta N, van der Wal DE. Desialylation by neuraminidases in platelets, kiss of death or bittersweet? Curr Opin Hematol 2024:00062752-990000000-00068. [PMID: 38529832 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Loss of surface sialic acid by neuraminidases is known as 'desialylation'. Platelets are desialylated in bacterial or viral infections, during storage, senescence, various mutations, platelet auto antibodies, hemostasis and shear stress. In this review the recent literature on the different sialic acid capped glycan structures will be covered as well as platelet desialylation in inherited glycan disorders and induced by external neuraminidases. RECENT FINDINGS Neuraminidases are released from platelet intracellular stores and translocated to the platelet surface. Apart from clearance, loss of surface sialic acid by neuraminidases ('desialylation') affects platelet signaling including ligand binding and their procoagulant function. Platelets are also desialylated in infections, various mutations, presence of platelet auto antibodies. SUMMARY Since platelet desialylation occurs in various healthy and pathological conditions, measuring desialylation might be a new diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Butta
- Group of Coagulopathies and Haemostasis Disorders, La Paz University Hospital Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dianne E van der Wal
- Platelets and Thrombosis Research Laboratory, Anzac Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
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Vicente-Santos A, Lock LR, Allira M, Dyer KE, Dunsmore A, Tu W, Volokhov DV, Herrera C, Lei GS, Relich RF, Janech MG, Bland AM, Simmons NB, Becker DJ. Serum proteomics reveals a tolerant immune phenotype across multiple pathogen taxa in wild vampire bats. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1281732. [PMID: 38193073 PMCID: PMC10773587 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bats carry many zoonotic pathogens without showing pronounced pathology, with a few exceptions. The underlying immune tolerance mechanisms in bats remain poorly understood, although information-rich omics tools hold promise for identifying a wide range of immune markers and their relationship with infection. To evaluate the generality of immune responses to infection, we assessed the differences and similarities in serum proteomes of wild vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) across infection status with five taxonomically distinct pathogens: bacteria (Bartonella spp., hemoplasmas), protozoa (Trypanosoma cruzi), and DNA (herpesviruses) and RNA (alphacoronaviruses) viruses. From 19 bats sampled in 2019 in Belize, we evaluated the up- and downregulated immune responses of infected versus uninfected individuals for each pathogen. Using a high-quality genome annotation for vampire bats, we identified 586 serum proteins but found no evidence for differential abundance nor differences in composition between infected and uninfected bats. However, using receiver operating characteristic curves, we identified four to 48 candidate biomarkers of infection depending on the pathogen, including seven overlapping biomarkers (DSG2, PCBP1, MGAM, APOA4, DPEP1, GOT1, and IGFALS). Enrichment analysis of these proteins revealed that our viral pathogens, but not the bacteria or protozoa studied, were associated with upregulation of extracellular and cytoplasmatic secretory vesicles (indicative of viral replication) and downregulation of complement activation and coagulation cascades. Additionally, herpesvirus infection elicited a downregulation of leukocyte-mediated immunity and defense response but an upregulation of an inflammatory and humoral immune response. In contrast to our two viral infections, we found downregulation of lipid and cholesterol homeostasis and metabolism with Bartonella spp. infection, of platelet-dense and secretory granules with hemoplasma infection, and of blood coagulation pathways with T. cruzi infection. Despite the small sample size, our results suggest that vampire bats have a similar suite of immune mechanisms for viruses distinct from responses to the other pathogen taxa, and we identify potential biomarkers that can expand our understanding of pathogenesis of these infections in bats. By applying a proteomic approach to a multi-pathogen system in wild animals, our study provides a distinct framework that could be expanded across bat species to increase our understanding of how bats tolerate pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren R. Lock
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Meagan Allira
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Kristin E. Dyer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Annalise Dunsmore
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Vector-Borne and Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Weihong Tu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Vector-Borne and Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Dmitriy V. Volokhov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Claudia Herrera
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Vector-Borne and Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Guang-Sheng Lei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ryan F. Relich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Michael G. Janech
- Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Alison M. Bland
- Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Nancy B. Simmons
- Department of Mammalogy, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel J. Becker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
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Tiemeyer KH, Kuter DJ, Cairo CW, Hollenhorst MA. New insights into the glycobiology of immune thrombocytopenia. Curr Opin Hematol 2023; 30:210-218. [PMID: 37526945 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The platelet surface harbors a lush forest of glycans (carbohydrate polymers) attached to membrane proteins and lipids. Accumulating evidence suggests that these glycans may be relevant to the pathophysiology of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Here, we critically evaluate data that point to a possible role for loss of sialic acid in driving platelet clearance in ITP, comment on the potential use of neuraminidase inhibitors for treatment of ITP, and highlight open questions in this area. RECENT FINDINGS Multiple lines of evidence suggest a role for loss of platelet sialic acid in the pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia. Recent work has tested the hypothesis that neuraminidase-mediated cleavage of platelet sialic acid may trigger clearance of platelets in ITP. Some clinical evidence supports efficacy of the viral neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir in ITP, which is surprising given its lack of activity against human neuraminidases. SUMMARY Further study of platelet glycobiology in ITP is necessary to fill key knowledge gaps. A deeper understanding of the roles of platelet glycans in ITP pathophysiology will help to guide development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Kuter
- Division of Hematology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Marie A Hollenhorst
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Villena FE, Puicón VH, López AM, Rivera K, Pannebaker D, Valdivia HO, Arévalo H. Parasitological and molecular detection of Trypanosoma evansi in a dog from Tocache, San Martin, Peru. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2023; 42:100895. [PMID: 37321797 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the first case report of canine trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in Peru. The case was admitted to a veterinary clinic in the Peruvian Amazon region of San Martin with severe clinical symptomatology which resulted in the dog's death. Microscopy screening showed the presence of trypomastigotes in blood and bone marrow and postmortem histopathology found damage at the cardiac, lung, kidney and spleen levels. Collected specimens were tested by nested-PCR which were positive for Trypanosoma spp., but negative for T. cruzi. High-throughput sequencing determined that the infecting species was closely related to T. equiperdom/evansi and subsequent phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the sample was related to T. evansi. The presence of T. evansi in the area highlights the need for increased surveillance to assess the impact of surra in the region and to develop measures to prevent socioeconomic damage resulting from infections in domestic and farm animals as well as prevent zoonotic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor H Puicón
- Laboratorio de Histopatología Animal, Escuela Profesional de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, Peru
| | - Alicia M López
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, Peru
| | | | - Danielle Pannebaker
- Department of Parasitology, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit 6 (NAMRU-6), Lima, Peru
| | - Hugo O Valdivia
- Department of Parasitology, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit 6 (NAMRU-6), Lima, Peru.
| | - Heriberto Arévalo
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, Peru; Laboratorio Referencial Regional de Salud Pública San Martin, Tarapoto, Peru
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Jeong SH, Park JY, Ryu YB, Kim WS, Lee IC, Kim JH, Kim D, Ha JH, Lee BW, Nam J, Cho KO, Kwon HJ. Myristica fragrans Extract Inhibits Platelet Desialylation and Activation to Ameliorate Sepsis-Associated Thrombocytopenia in a Murine CLP-Induced Sepsis Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108863. [PMID: 37240208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, characterized by an uncontrolled host inflammatory response to infections, remains a leading cause of death in critically ill patients worldwide. Sepsis-associated thrombocytopenia (SAT), a common disease in patients with sepsis, is an indicator of disease severity. Therefore, alleviating SAT is an important aspect of sepsis treatment; however, platelet transfusion is the only available treatment strategy for SAT. The pathogenesis of SAT involves increased platelet desialylation and activation. In this study, we investigated the effects of Myristica fragrans ethanol extract (MF) on sepsis and SAT. Desialylation and activation of platelets treated with sialidase and adenosine diphosphate (platelet agonist) were assessed using flow cytometry. The extract inhibited platelet desialylation and activation via inhibiting bacterial sialidase activity in washed platelets. Moreover, MF improved survival and reduced organ damage and inflammation in a mouse model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. It also prevented platelet desialylation and activation via inhibiting circulating sialidase activity, while maintaining platelet count. Inhibition of platelet desialylation reduces hepatic Ashwell-Morell receptor-mediated platelet clearance, thereby reducing hepatic JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation and thrombopoietin mRNA expression. This study lays a foundation for the development of plant-derived therapeutics for sepsis and SAT and provides insights into sialidase-inhibition-based sepsis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hun Jeong
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup 53212, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bae Ryu
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sik Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup 53212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohoon Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ha
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ba-Wool Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Nam
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Oh Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kwon
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup 53212, Republic of Korea
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Choudhuri S, Garg NJ. Platelets, Macrophages, and Thromboinflammation in Chagas Disease. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5689-5706. [PMID: 36217453 PMCID: PMC9547606 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s380896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a major health problem in the Americas and an emerging health problem in Europe and other nonendemic countries. Several studies have documented persistence of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and oxidative and inflammatory stress are major pathogenic factor. Mural and cardiac thrombi, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy are major clinical features of CD. During T. cruzi infection, parasite-released factors induce endothelial dysfunction along with platelet (PLT) and immune-cell activation. PLTs have a fundamental role in maintaining hemostasis and preventing bleeding after vascular injury. Excessive activation of PLTs and coagulation cascade can result in thrombosis and thromboembolic events, which are recognized to occur in seropositive individuals in early stages of CD when clinically symptomatic heart disease is not apparent. Several host and parasite factors have been identified to signal hypercoagulability and increase the risk of ischemic stroke in early phases of CD. Further, PLT interaction with immune cells and their role in host defense against pathogens and inflammatory processes have only recently been recognized and evolving. In the context of parasitic diseases, PLTs function in directly responding to T. cruzi infection, and PLT interactions with immune cells in shaping the proinflammatory or immunoregulatory function of monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils remains elusive. How T. cruzi infection alters systemic microenvironment conditions to influence PLT and immune-cell interactions is not understood. In this review, we discuss the current literature, and extrapolate the mechanistic situations to explain how PLT and innate immune cell (especially monocytes and macrophages) interactions might be sustaining hypercoagulability and thromboinflammation in chronic CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Choudhuri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Nisha J Garg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Somoza M, Bertelli A, Pratto CA, Verdun RE, Campetella O, Mucci J. Trypanosoma cruzi Induces B Cells That Regulate the CD4 + T Cell Response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:789373. [PMID: 35071041 PMCID: PMC8766854 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.789373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi infection induces a polyclonal B cell proliferative response characterized by maturation to plasma cells, excessive generation of germinal centers, and secretion of parasite-unrelated antibodies. Although traditionally reduced to the humoral response, several infectious and non-infectious models revealed that B lymphocytes could regulate and play crucial roles in cellular responses. Here, we analyze the trypomastigote-induced effect on B cells, their effects on CD4+ T cells, and their correlation with in vivo findings. The trypomastigotes were able to induce the proliferation and the production of IL-10 or IL-6 of naïve B cells in co-culture experiments. Also, we found that IL-10-producing B220lo cells were elicited in vivo. We also found up-regulated expression of FasL and PD-L1, proteins involved in apoptosis induction and inhibition of TCR signaling, and of BAFF and APRIL mRNAs, two B-cell growth factors. Interestingly, it was observed that IL-21, which plays a critical role in regulatory B cell differentiation, was significantly increased in B220+/IL-21+ in in vivo infections. This is striking since the secretion of IL-21 is associated with T helper follicular cells. Furthermore, trypomastigote-stimulated B-cell conditioned medium dramatically reduced the proliferation and increased the apoptotic rate on CD3/CD28 activated CD4+ T cells, suggesting the development of effective regulatory B cells. In this condition, CD4+ T cells showed a marked decrease in proliferation and viability with marginal IL-2 or IFNγ secretion, which is counterproductive with an efficient immune response against T. cruzi. Altogether, our results show that B lymphocytes stimulated with trypomastigotes adopt a particular phenotype that exerts a strong regulation of this T cell compartment by inducing apoptosis, arresting cell division, and affecting the developing of a proinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Somoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriano Bertelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia A. Pratto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramiro E. Verdun
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Oscar Campetella
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Mucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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da Costa KM, Marques da Fonseca L, dos Reis JS, Santos MARDC, Previato JO, Mendonça-Previato L, Freire-de-Lima L. Trypanosoma cruzi trans-Sialidase as a Potential Vaccine Target Against Chagas Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:768450. [PMID: 34765570 PMCID: PMC8576188 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.768450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas' disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, described in the early 20th century by the Brazilian physician Dr. Carlos Chagas. There was a great amount of research devoted to diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the disease. One of the most important discoveries made since then, impacting the understanding of how the parasite interacts with the host's immune system, was the description of trans-sialidase. It is an unique enzyme, capable of masking the parasite's presence from the host, while at the same time dampening the activation of CD8+ T cells, the most important components of the immune response. Since the description of Chagas' disease in 1909, extensive research has identified important events in the disease in order to understand the biochemical mechanism that modulates T. cruzi-host cell interactions and the ability of the parasite to ensure its survival. The importance of the trans-sialidase enzyme brought life to many studies for the design of diagnostic tests, drugs and vaccines. While many groups have been prolific, such efforts have encountered problems, among them: the fact that while T. cruzi have many genes that are unique to the parasite, it relies on multiple copies of them and the difficulty in providing epitopes that result in effective and robust immune responses. In this review, we aim to convey the importance of trans-sialidase as well as to provide a history, including the initial failures and the most promising successes in the chasing of a working vaccine for a disease that is endemic in many tropical countries, including Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli Monteiro da Costa
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Lucia Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Biophysical and Biochemical Comparison of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Infective and Non-Infective Stages of Trypanosoma cruzi. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105183. [PMID: 34068436 PMCID: PMC8153575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid vesicles released by either any prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell, or both, with a biological role in cell-to-cell communication. In this work, we characterize the proteomes and nanomechanical properties of EVs released by tissue-culture cell-derived trypomastigotes (mammalian infective stage; (TCT)) and epimastigotes (insect stage; (E)) of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. EVs of each stage were isolated by differential centrifugation and analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Measurements of zeta-potential were also included. Results show marked differences in the surface molecular cargos of EVs between both stages, with a noteworthy expansion of all groups of trans-sialidase proteins in trypomastigote's EVs. In contrast, chromosomal locations of trans-sialidases of EVs of epimastigotes were dramatically reduced and restricted to subtelomeric regions, indicating a possible regulatable expression of these proteins between both stages of the parasite. Regarding mechanical properties, EVs of trypomastigotes showed higher adhesion compared to the EVs of epimastigotes. These findings demonstrate the remarkable surface remodeling throughout the life cycle of T. cruzi, which shapes the physicochemical composition of the extracellular vesicles and could have an impact in the ability of these vesicles to participate in cell communication in completely different niches of infection.
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Musikant D, Higa R, Rodríguez CE, Edreira MM, Campetella O, Jawerbaum A, Leguizamón MS. Sialic acid removal by trans-sialidase modulates MMP-2 activity during Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Biochimie 2021; 186:82-93. [PMID: 33891967 PMCID: PMC8187320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) not only play a relevant role in homeostatic processes but are also involved in several pathological mechanisms associated with infectious diseases. As their clinical relevance in Chagas disease has recently been highlighted, we studied the modulation of circulating MMPs by Trypanosoma cruzi infection. We found that virulent parasites from Discrete Typing Units (DTU) VI induced higher proMMP-2 and MMP-2 activity in blood, whereas both low (DTU I) and high virulence parasites induced a significant decrease in proMMP-9 plasma activity. Moreover, trans-sialidase, a relevant T. cruzi virulence factor, is involved in MMP-2 activity modulation both in vivo and in vitro. It removes α2,3-linked sialyl residues from cell surface glycoconjugates, which then triggers the PKC/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Additionally, bacterial sialidases specific for this sialyl residue linkage displayed similar MMP modulation profiles and triggered the same signaling pathways. This novel pathogenic mechanism, dependent on sialic acid removal by the neuraminidase activity of trans-sialidase, can be exploited by different pathogens expressing sialidases with similar specificity. Thus, here we present a new pathogen strategy through the regulation of the MMP network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Musikant
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Higa
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Reproducción y Metabolismo, CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 C1121ABG, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina E Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología, IMPAM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 C1121ABG, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin M Edreira
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160 C1428EGA, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Campetella
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas IIBio, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, 25 de Mayo y Francia B1650HMP, San Martín, San Martin, Argentina
| | - Alicia Jawerbaum
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Reproducción y Metabolismo, CEFYBO-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 C1121ABG, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María S Leguizamón
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET) Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas IIBio, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, 25 de Mayo y Francia B1650HMP, San Martín, San Martin, Argentina.
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12
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Gray MA, Stanczak MA, Mantuano NR, Xiao H, Pijnenborg JFA, Malaker SA, Miller CL, Weidenbacher PA, Tanzo JT, Ahn G, Woods EC, Läubli H, Bertozzi CR. Targeted glycan degradation potentiates the anticancer immune response in vivo. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:1376-1384. [PMID: 32807964 PMCID: PMC7727925 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-0622-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Currently approved immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies targeting the PD-1 and CTLA-4 receptor pathways are powerful treatment options for certain cancers; however, most patients across cancer types still fail to respond. Consequently, there is interest in discovering and blocking alternative pathways that mediate immune suppression. One such mechanism is an upregulation of sialoglycans in malignancy, which has been recently shown to inhibit immune cell activation through multiple mechanisms and therefore represents a targetable glycoimmune checkpoint. Since these glycans are not canonically druggable, we designed an αHER2 antibody-sialidase conjugate that potently and selectively strips diverse sialoglycans from breast cancer cells. In syngeneic breast cancer models, desialylation enhanced immune cell infiltration and activation and prolonged the survival of mice, an effect that was dependent on expression of the Siglec-E checkpoint receptor found on tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. Thus, antibody-sialidase conjugates represent a promising modality for glycoimmune checkpoint therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Allografts
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Humans
- Hydrolysis
- Immunoconjugates/chemistry
- Immunoconjugates/metabolism
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacology
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Killer Cells, Natural/cytology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/mortality
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neuraminidase/chemistry
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/immunology
- Polysaccharides/chemistry
- Polysaccharides/immunology
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/genetics
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Receptor, ErbB-2/chemistry
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins/chemistry
- Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins/genetics
- Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins/immunology
- Survival Analysis
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Gray
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michal A Stanczak
- Cancer Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Natália R Mantuano
- Cancer Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Caitlyn L Miller
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Julia T Tanzo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Green Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elliot C Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Cancer Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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13
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Role of thrombopoiesis in leishmaniasis. Cytokine 2020; 147:155310. [PMID: 33127256 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The blood vascular system of mammals is unique in nature; inhabited with a pool of tiny small cell fragments called platelets; attributed with the most important patrolling tasks to check integrity of the entire endothelial landscape. Their production is tightly coupled with hematopoietic system where everything starts from self renewable multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) which eventually undergo dual step (megakaryopoiesis-thrombopoiesis) thrombocytes production. Several cytokines tune the fate of every progenitor cells during hematopoiesis through temporal activation of specific transcription factors. Though platelets generated through steady state hematopoiesis are involved in the regulation of vascular homeostasis, these cells can sense pathogens through its innate immune sensors and can mount crucial responses against the invading pathogen. For this, the primary aim of many infections including Leishmania is to induce thrombocytopenia within infected host. But the underlying mechanism of this induced thrombocytopenia in Leishmania infection has not been evaluated. Elucidation of these mechanisms will be fruitful to design new chemotherapeutic strategies.
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14
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Jaimes-Dueñez J, Jiménez-Leaño ÁP, Esteban-Mendoza M, Moreno-Salcedo LA, Triana-Chávez O, Cantillo-Barraza O. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) from a Chagas Disease-Endemic Urban Area in Colombia. Prev Vet Med 2020; 182:105093. [PMID: 32712412 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, an unusual increase in the number of acute Chagas disease outbreaks, presumably due to oral transmission, has been reported in urban areas in Santander, Colombia. Given the importance of dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) as reservoir hosts and sentinels of T. cruzi infection across different regions of America, we carried out a serological and molecular survey on T. cruzi infection in 215 dogs from the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga, Santander. Serological detection was carried out using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), and indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), while molecular detection was done using a nested PCR (nPCR), targeting the microsatellite region of T. cruzi nuclear DNA. Animals were defined as seropositive when at least two of the three serological tests were positive, and only these animals were evaluated with the nPCR. To discriminate DTU TcI from other DTUs, a multiplex PCR was performed in the T. cruzi-positive samples. Additionally, clinical and hematological traits were evaluated in these hosts. The dog sera showed a seropositivity rate of 27.9 % (60/215), of which 43.3 % (26/60) were positive for nPCR. Statistical analysis indicated that T. cruzi seropositive in dogs was associated with specific socioeconomic sectors and a lack of garbage collection in these municipalities. Hematological analyses showed that T. cruzi infection was associated with anemia and platelet alterations but not with alterations of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB). The high seroprevalence of infection and active circulation of T. cruzi I (TcI) in dogs reflect the risk of infection to humans in this area, which should be taken into consideration when Chagas disease control programs are implemented. In addition, T. cruzi infection may take a toll on dog health, which should be considered during dog care and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeiczon Jaimes-Dueñez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas-BCEI, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Ángela Patricia Jiménez-Leaño
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Maria Esteban-Mendoza
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Lucas Andres Moreno-Salcedo
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia UCC, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Omar Triana-Chávez
- Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas-BCEI, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Omar Cantillo-Barraza
- Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas-BCEI, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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15
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Lee-Sundlov MM, Stowell SR, Hoffmeister KM. Multifaceted role of glycosylation in transfusion medicine, platelets, and red blood cells. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1535-1547. [PMID: 32350996 PMCID: PMC7336546 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is highly prevalent, and also one of the most complex and varied posttranslational modifications. This large glycan diversity results in a wide range of biological functions. Functional diversity includes protein degradation, protein clearance, cell trafficking, cell signaling, host-pathogen interactions, and immune defense, including both innate and acquired immunity. Glycan-based ABO(H) antigens are critical in providing compatible products in the setting of transfusion and organ transplantation. However, evidence also suggests that ABO expression may influence cardiovascular disease, thrombosis, and hemostasis disorders, including alterations in platelet function and von Willebrand factor blood levels. Glycans also regulate immune and hemostasis function beyond ABO(H) antigens. Mutations in glycogenes (PIGA, COSMC) lead to serious blood disorders, including Tn syndrome associated with hyperagglutination, hemolysis, and thrombocytopenia. Alterations in genes responsible for sialic acids (Sia) synthesis (GNE) and UDP-galactose (GALE) and lactosamine (LacNAc) (B4GALT1) profoundly affect circulating platelet counts. Desialylation (removal of Sia) is affected by human and pathogenic neuraminidases. This review addresses the role of glycans in transfusion medicine, hemostasis and thrombosis, and red blood cell and platelet survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Lee-Sundlov
- Translational Glycomics Center, Blood Research Institute Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Karin M. Hoffmeister
- Translational Glycomics Center, Blood Research Institute Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, United States
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16
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Campetella O, Buscaglia CA, Mucci J, Leguizamón MS. Parasite-host glycan interactions during Trypanosoma cruzi infection: trans-Sialidase rides the show. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165692. [PMID: 31972227 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many important pathogen-host interactions rely on highly specific carbohydrate binding events. In the case of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, glycointeractions involving sialic acid (SA) residues are pivotal for parasite infectivity, escape from immune surveillance and pathogenesis. Though unable to synthesize SA de novo, T. cruzi displays a unique trans-Sialidase (TS) enzyme, which is able to cleave terminal SA residues from host donor glycoconjugates and transfer them onto parasite surface mucins, thus generating protective/adhesive structures. In addition, this parasite sheds TS into the bloodstream, as a way of modifying the surface SA signature, and thereby the signaling/functional properties of mammalian host target cells on its own advantage. Here, we discuss the pathogenic aspects of T. cruzi TS: its molecular adaptations, the multiplicity of interactions in which it is involved during infections, and the array of novel and appealing targets for intervention in Chagas disease provided by TS-remodeled sialoglycophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Campetella
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carlos A Buscaglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Mucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Susana Leguizamón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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17
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Tribulatti MV, Carabelli J, Prato CA, Campetella O. Galectin-8 in the onset of the immune response and inflammation. Glycobiology 2019; 30:134-142. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Galectins (Gals), a family of mammalian lectins, have emerged as key regulators of the immune response, being implicated in several physiologic and pathologic conditions. Lately, there is increasing data regarding the participation of Galectin-8 (Gal-8) in both the adaptive and innate immune responses, as well as its high expression in inflammatory disorders. Here, we focus on the pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of Gal-8 and discuss the potential use of this lectin in order to shape the immune response, according to the context.
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Affiliation(s)
- María V Tribulatti
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, Avenida 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650HMP, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Julieta Carabelli
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, Avenida 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650HMP, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Cecilia A Prato
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, Avenida 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650HMP, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Oscar Campetella
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, Avenida 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650HMP, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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18
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Antunes D, Marins-Dos-Santos A, Ramos MT, Mascarenhas BAS, Moreira CJDC, Farias-de-Oliveira DA, Savino W, Monteiro RQ, de Meis J. Oral Route Driven Acute Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Unravels an IL-6 Dependent Hemostatic Derangement. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1073. [PMID: 31139194 PMCID: PMC6527737 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, is presently the most important route of infection in Brazilian Amazon. Other South American countries have also reported outbreaks of acute Chagas disease associated with food consumption. A conspicuous feature of this route of transmission is presenting symptoms such as facial and lower limbs edema, in some cases bleeding manifestations and risk of thromboembolism are evident. Notwithstanding, studies that address this route of infection are largely lacking regarding its pathogenesis and, more specifically, the crosstalk between immune and hemostatic systems. Here, BALB/c mice were orally infected with metacyclic trypomastigotes of T. cruzi Tulahuén strain and used to evaluate the cytokine response, primary and secondary hemostasis during acute T. cruzi infection. When compared with control uninfected animals, orally infected mice presented higher pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6) serum levels. The highest concentrations were obtained concomitantly to the increase of parasitemia, between 14 and 28 days post-infection (dpi). Blood counts in the oral infected group revealed concomitant leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia, the latter resulting in increased bleeding at 21 dpi. Hematological changes paralleled with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, Factor VIII consumption and increased D-dimer levels, suggest that oral T. cruzi infection relies on disseminated intravascular coagulation. Remarkably, blockade of the IL-6 receptor blunted hematological abnormalities, revealing a critical role of IL-6 in the course of oral infection. These results unravel that acute T. cruzi oral infection results in significant alterations in the hemostatic system and indicates the relevance of the crosstalk between inflammation and hemostasis in this parasitic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Antunes
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Marins-Dos-Santos
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Tavares Ramos
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Barbara Angelica S Mascarenhas
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Désio Aurélio Farias-de-Oliveira
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Q Monteiro
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Meis
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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19
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Trypanosoma cruzi immunoproteome: Calpain-like CAP5.5 differentially detected throughout distinct stages of human Chagas disease cardiomyopathy. J Proteomics 2019; 194:179-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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da Fonseca LM, da Costa KM, Chaves VDS, Freire-de-Lima CG, Morrot A, Mendonça-Previato L, Previato JO, Freire-de-Lima L. Theft and Reception of Host Cell's Sialic Acid: Dynamics of Trypanosoma Cruzi Trans-sialidases and Mucin-Like Molecules on Chagas' Disease Immunomodulation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:164. [PMID: 30787935 PMCID: PMC6372544 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decades have produced a plethora of evidence on the role of glycans, from cell adhesion to signaling pathways. Much of that information pertains to their role on the immune system and their importance on the surface of many human pathogens. A clear example of this is the flagellated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which displays on its surface a great variety of glycoconjugates, including O-glycosylated mucin-like glycoproteins, as well as multiple glycan-binding proteins belonging to the trans-sialidase (TS) family. Among the latter, different and concurrently expressed molecules may present or not TS activity, and are accordingly known as active (aTS) and inactive (iTS) members. Over the last thirty years, it has been well described that T. cruzi is unable to synthesize sialic acid (SIA) on its own, making use of aTS to steal the host's SIA. Although iTS did not show enzymatic activity, it retains a substrate specificity similar to aTS (α-2,3 SIA-containing glycotopes), displaying lectinic properties. It is accepted that aTS members act as virulence factors in mammals coursing the acute phase of the T. cruzi infection. However, recent findings have demonstrated that iTS may also play a pathogenic role during T. cruzi infection, since it modulates events related to adhesion and invasion of the parasite into the host cells. Since both aTS and iTS proteins share structural substrate specificity, it might be plausible to speculate that iTS proteins are able to assuage and/or attenuate biological phenomena depending on the catalytic activity displayed by aTS members. Since SIA-containing glycotopes modulate the host immune system, it should not come as any surprise that changes in the sialylation of parasite's mucin-like molecules, as well as host cell glycoconjugates might disrupt critical physiological events, such as the building of effective immune responses. This review aims to discuss the importance of mucin-like glycoproteins and both aTS and iTS for T. cruzi biology, as well as to present a snapshot of how disturbances in both parasite and host cell sialoglycophenotypes may facilitate the persistence of T. cruzi in the infected mammalian host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Marques da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kelli Monteiro da Costa
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victoria de Sousa Chaves
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Célio Geraldo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucia Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Osvaldo Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Teixeira AF, Pereira JG, Pestana-Ascensão S, Silva MS. Trans-sialidase Protein as a Potential Serological Marker for African Trypanosomiasis. Protein J 2019; 38:50-57. [PMID: 30604107 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-018-09808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei is the etiological agent of African trypanosomiasis responsible for human and animal infections. T. brucei is transmitted by infected tsetse flies. There is no vaccine for the disease and drugs available for treatment are inefficient and high toxicity. In this context, it is a priority to find antigenic targets suitable for the development of new diagnostic tools, drugs and vaccines. In this work, we report that mice infected with T. b. brucei produce antibodies against trans-sialidase recombinant protein (TS). In addition, we also demonstrate that bloodstream T. b. brucei express messenger RNA related to the TS gene. Collectively, our data strongly suggest that bloodstream forms of T. b. brucei also express the TS gene, that to date was described only in the procyclic forms of the T. b. brucei. In conclusion, these results highlight the importance of TS protein as a possible antigen target during infection caused by T. b. brucei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Filipa Teixeira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Gomes Pereira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sónia Pestana-Ascensão
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Sousa Silva
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. .,Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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22
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Carlevaro G, Lantos AB, Cánepa GE, de Los Milagros Cámara M, Somoza M, Buscaglia CA, Campetella O, Mucci J. Metabolic Labeling of Surface Neo-sialylglyconjugates Catalyzed by Trypanosoma cruzi trans-Sialidase. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1955:135-146. [PMID: 30868524 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9148-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan agent of Chagas disease, has evolved an innovative metabolic pathway by which protective sialic acid (SA) residues are scavenged from host sialylglycoconjugates and transferred onto parasite surface mucin-like molecules (or surface glycoconjugates from host target cells) by means of a unique trans-sialidase (TS) enzyme. TS-induced changes in the glycoprotein sialylation profile of both parasite and host cells are crucial for the establishment of a persistent T. cruzi infection and for the development of Chagas disease-associated pathogenesis. In this chapter, we describe a novel metabolic labeling method developed in our labs that enables straightforward identification and molecular characterization of SA acceptors of the TS-catalyzed reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giannina Carlevaro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés B Lantos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio Dr. Lantos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gaspar E Cánepa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - María de Los Milagros Cámara
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Tecnología, Universidad Argentina de la Empresa (UADE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Somoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Buscaglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Campetella
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Mucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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23
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Haematological alterations in non-human hosts infected with Trypanosoma cruzi: a systematic review. Parasitology 2018; 146:142-160. [PMID: 30070181 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182018001294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
American trypanosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease whose spectrum has not been quite understood, including the impact of Trypanosoma cruzi infection on the haematological parameters of different vertebrate hosts. Thus, this study was designed to compare the pattern of haematological changes induced by T. cruzi infection in order to identify possible species-specific differences among taxons. We also aimed at evaluating the use of this parameter as a tool for diagnosis during the acute phase, when symptoms are usually masked. For this purpose, we performed a systematic search on PubMed and Scopus databases to retrieve original studies published until August 2016. Thirty-one studies were selected using Prisma strategy, which were then submitted to data extraction and methodological bias analysis. Half of the studies showed that the number of erythrogram decreased in infected animals, indicating anaemia. In 68.2% of the studies, the total amount of leukogram values increased, suggesting infection. The main methodological limitations were insufficient information for T. cruzi strains identification, inoculation routes and parasitological characterization. Most of the mammalian species analysed showed the same pattern of haematological changes following T. cruzi infection, indicating that haematological parameters might direct the diagnosis of Chagas disease in the initial phase.
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24
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de Pablos Torró LM, Retana Moreira L, Osuna A. Extracellular Vesicles in Chagas Disease: A New Passenger for an Old Disease. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1190. [PMID: 29910793 PMCID: PMC5992290 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid vesicles released by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells containing nucleic acids, proteins, and small metabolites essential for cellular communication. Depending on the targeted cell, EVs can act either locally or in distant tissues in a paracrine or endocrine cell signaling manner. Released EVs from virus-infected cells, bacteria, fungi, or parasites have been demonstrated to perform a pivotal role in a myriad of biochemical changes occurring in the host and pathogen, including the modulation the immune system. In the past few years, the biology of Trypanosoma cruzi EVs, as well as their role in innate immunity evasion, has been started to be unveiled. This review article will present findings on and provide a coherent understanding of the currently known mechanisms of action of T. cruzi-EVs and hypothesize the implication of these parasite components during the acute and chronic phases of Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M de Pablos Torró
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Parasitología Molecular, Departamento de Parasitología, Campus de Fuentenueva, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Lissette Retana Moreira
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Parasitología Molecular, Departamento de Parasitología, Campus de Fuentenueva, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Osuna
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Parasitología Molecular, Departamento de Parasitología, Campus de Fuentenueva, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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25
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Mascareno E, Gupta R, Martello LA, Dhar-Mascareno M, Salciccioli L, Beckles D, Walsh MG, Machado FS, Tanowitz HB, Haseeb M. Rapidly progressive course of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice heterozygous for hexamethylene bis-acetamide inducible 1 (Hexim1) gene. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:25-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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26
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Pascuale CA, Burgos JM, Postan M, Lantos AB, Bertelli A, Campetella O, Leguizamón MS. Inactive trans-Sialidase Expression in iTS-null Trypanosoma cruzi Generates Virulent Trypomastigotes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:430. [PMID: 29046868 PMCID: PMC5632715 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Disclosing virulence factors from pathogens is required to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms involved in their interaction with the host. In the case of Trypanosoma cruzi several molecules are associated with virulence. Among them, the trans-sialidase (TS) has arisen as one of particular relevance due to its effect on the immune system and involvement in the interaction/invasion of the host cells. The presence of conserved genes encoding for an inactive TS (iTS) isoform is puzzlingly restricted to the genome of parasites from the Discrete Typing Units TcII, TcV, and TcVI, which include highly virulent strains. Previous in vitro results using recombinant iTS support that this isoform could play a different or complementary pathogenic role to that of the enzymatically active protein. However, direct evidence involving iTS in in vivo pathogenesis and invasion is still lacking. Here we faced this challenge by transfecting iTS-null parasites with a recombinant gene that allowed us to follow its expression and association with pathological events. We found that iTS expression improves parasite invasion of host cells and increases their in vivo virulence for mice as shown by histopathologic findings in heart and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla A. Pascuale
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan M. Burgos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miriam Postan
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Parasitología “Dr. Mario Fatala Chabén”, Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Institutos de Salud, “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés B. Lantos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriano Bertelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Campetella
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Susana Leguizamón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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27
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Freire-de-Lima L, Gentile LB, da Fonseca LM, da Costa KM, Santos Lemos J, Jacques LR, Morrot A, Freire-de-Lima CG, Nunes MP, Takiya CM, Previato JO, Mendonça-Previato L. Role of Inactive and Active Trypanosoma cruzi Trans-sialidases on T Cell Homing and Secretion of Inflammatory Cytokines. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1307. [PMID: 28744279 PMCID: PMC5504189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans-sialidase from Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc-TS) belongs to a superfamily of proteins that may have enzymatic activity. While enzymatically active members (Tc-aTS) are able to transfer sialic acid from the host cell sialyl-glycoconjugates onto the parasite or to other molecules on the host cell surface, the inactive members (Tc-iTS) are characterized by their lectinic properties. Over the last 10 years, several papers demonstrated that, individually, Tc-aTS or Tc-iTS is able to modulate several biological events. Since the genes encoding Tc-iTS and Tc-aTS are present in the same copy number, and both proteins portray similar substrate-specificities as well, it would be plausible to speculate that such molecules may compete for the same sialyl-glycan structures and govern numerous immunobiological phenomena. However, their combined effect has never been evaluated in the course of an acute infection. In this study, we investigated the ability of both proteins to modulate the production of inflammatory signals, as well as the homing of T cells to the cardiac tissue of infected mice, events that usually occur during the acute phase of T. cruzi infection. The results showed that the intravenous administration of Tc-iTS, but not Tc-aTS protected the cardiac tissue from injury caused by reduced traffic of inflammatory cells. In addition, the ability of Tc-aTS to modulate the production of inflammatory cytokines was attenuated and/or compromised when Tc-iTS was co-injected in the same proportions. These results suggest that although both proteins present structural similarities and compete for the same sialyl-glycan epitopes, they might present distinct immunomodulatory properties on T cells following T. cruzi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana B Gentile
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kelli M da Costa
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica Santos Lemos
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rodrigues Jacques
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciência da Saúde - Sala D1-035, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Célio G Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marise P Nunes
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christina M Takiya
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose O Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucia Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica, Centro de Ciência da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
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28
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Fernandes CFC, Pereira SDS, Luiz MB, Zuliani JP, Furtado GP, Stabeli RG. Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies As an Alternative to Overcome Challenges Related to the Prevention, Detection, and Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases. Front Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28649245 PMCID: PMC5465246 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Due mainly to properties such as high affinity and antigen specificity, antibodies have become important tools for biomedical research, diagnosis, and treatment of several human diseases. When the objective is to administer them for therapy, strategies are used to reduce the heterologous protein immunogenicity and to improve pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. Size minimization contributes to ameliorate these characteristics, while preserving the antigen-antibody interaction site. Since the discovery that camelids produce functional antibodies devoid of light chains, studies have proposed the use of single domains for biosensors, monitoring and treatment of tumors, therapies for inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, drug delivery, or passive immunotherapy. Despite an expected increase in antibody and related products in the pharmaceutical market over the next years, few research initiatives are related to the development of alternatives for helping to manage neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). In this review, we summarize developments of camelid single-domain antibodies (VHH) in the field of NTDs. Particular attention is given to VHH-derived products, i.e., VHHs fused to nanoparticles, constructed for the development of rapid diagnostic kits; fused to oligomeric matrix proteins for viral neutralization; and conjugated with proteins for the treatment of human parasites. Moreover, paratransgenesis technology using VHHs is an interesting approach to control parasite development in vectors. With enormous biotechnological versatility, facility and low cost for heterologous production, and greater ability to recognize different epitopes, VHHs have appeared as an opportunity to overcome challenges related to the prevention, detection, and control of human diseases, especially NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcos B Luiz
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Juliana P Zuliani
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo G Stabeli
- Departamento de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.,Plataforma Bi-Institucional de Medicina Translacional (Fiocruz-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Li MF, Li XL, Fan KL, Yu YY, Gong J, Geng SY, Liang YF, Huang L, Qiu JH, Tian XH, Wang WT, Zhang XL, Yu QX, Zhang YF, Lin P, Wang LN, Li X, Hou M, Liu LY, Peng J. Platelet desialylation is a novel mechanism and a therapeutic target in thrombocytopenia during sepsis: an open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:104. [PMID: 28494777 PMCID: PMC5426054 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in murine models suggested that platelet desialylation was an important mechanism of thrombocytopenia during sepsis. METHODS First, we performed a prospective, multicenter, observational study that enrolled septic patients with or without thrombocytopenia to determine the association between platelet desialylation and thrombocytopenia in patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. Gender- and age-matched healthy adults were selected as normal controls in analysis of the platelet desialylation levels (study I). Next, we conducted an open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which the patients who had severe sepsis with thrombocytopenia (platelet counts ≤50 × 109/L) were randomly assigned to receive antimicrobial therapy alone (control group) or antimicrobial therapy plus oseltamivir (oseltamivir group) in a 1:1 ratio (study II). The primary outcomes were platelet desialylation level at study entry, overall platelet response rate within 14 days post-randomization, and all-cause mortality within 28 days post-randomization. Secondary outcomes included platelet recovery time, the occurrence of bleeding events, and the amount of platelets transfused within 14 days post-randomization. RESULTS The platelet desialylation levels increased significantly in the 127 septic patients with thrombocytopenia compared to the 134 patients without thrombocytopenia. A platelet response was achieved in 45 of the 54 patients in the oseltamivir group (83.3%) compared with 34 of the 52 patients in the control group (65.4%; P = 0.045). The median platelet recovery time was 5 days (interquartile range 4-6) in the oseltamivir group compared with 7 days (interquartile range 5-10) in the control group (P = 0.003). The amount of platelets transfused decreased significantly in the oseltamivir group compared to the control group (P = 0.044). There was no difference in the overall 28-day mortality regardless of whether oseltamivir was used. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and platelet recovery time were independent indicators of oseltamivir therapy. The main reason for all of the mortalities was multiple-organ failure. CONCLUSIONS Thrombocytopenia was associated with increased platelet desialylation in septic patients. The addition of oseltamivir could significantly increase the platelet response rate, shorten platelet recovery time, and reduce platelet transfusion. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IPR-16008542 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Feng Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Kai-Liang Fan
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ying-Yi Yu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yantai Development Zone, Yantai, China
| | - Shu-Ying Geng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, China
| | - Ya-Feng Liang
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Intensive Care Unit, Yantaishan Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, China
| | - Ji-Hua Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xing-Han Tian
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Ting Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Qing-Xia Yu
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Na Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lu-Yi Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, and Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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30
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Revilla N, de la Morena-Barrio ME, Miñano A, López-Gálvez R, Toderici M, Padilla J, García-Avello Á, Lozano ML, Lefeber DJ, Corral J, Vicente V. Transient desialylation in combination with a novel antithrombin deficiency causing a severe and recurrent thrombosis despite anticoagulation therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44556. [PMID: 28303970 PMCID: PMC5355981 DOI: 10.1038/srep44556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An in-depth focused study of specific cases of patients with recurrent thrombosis may help to identify novel circumstances, genetic and acquired factors contributing to the development of this disorder. The aim of this study was to carry out a detailed and sequential analysis of samples from a patient suffering from early and recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis. We performed thrombophilic tests, biochemical, functional, genetic and glycomic analysis of antithrombin and other plasma proteins. The patient carried a new type I antithrombin mutation (p.Ile218del), whose structural relevance was verified in a recombinant model. Experiments with N-glycosidase F and neuraminidase suggested a nearly full desialylation of plasma proteins, which was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis of transferrin glycoforms. However, partial desialylation and normal patterns were detected in samples collected at other time-points. Desialylation was noticeable after arterial events and was associated with low antithrombin activity, reduced platelet count and glomerular filtration rate. This is the first description of a global and transient desialylation of plasma proteins associated with thrombosis. The decrease in the strong electronegative charge of terminal glycans may modulate hemostatic protein-protein interactions, which in combination with a strong prothrombotic situation, such as antithrombin deficiency, could increase the risk of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Revilla
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Eugenia de la Morena-Barrio
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia Miñano
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Gálvez
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mara Toderici
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Padilla
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ángel García-Avello
- Servicio de Hematología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Lozano
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Javier Corral
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Vicente
- Centro Regional de Hemodonación. Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica. Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer. IMIB-Arrixaca. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid, Spain
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do Carmo GM, Doleski PH, de Sá MF, Grando TH, Bottari NB, Leal DBR, Gressler LT, Mendes RE, Stefani LM, Monteiro SG, Da Silva AS. Purinergic ecto-enzymes participate in the thromboregulation in acute in mice infection by Trypanosoma cruzi. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 432:1-6. [PMID: 28285362 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Coagulation disorders have been described in Chagas disease with thrombocytopenia as an important event. Several mechanisms may be related to this pathogenesis, such as enzymes of the purinergic system, purine, and receptors involved in the regulation and modulation of physiological events related to hemostasis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the activities of E-NTPDase, E-5'nucleotidase, and ecto-adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) in platelets of mice experimentally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. Twelve female mice were used, divided into two groups (n = 6): uninfected and infected. Mice of infected group were intraperitoneally inoculated with 104 trypomastigotes of T. cruzi (strain Y). On day 12 post-infection (PI), blood samples were collected for quantitation and separation of platelets. A significant reduction in the number of platelets of infected mice (P < 0.05) was observed. The activities of E-NTPDase (ATP and ADP substrates), E-5'nucleotidase, and E-ADA in platelets increased significantly (P < 0.05) in mice infected by T. cruzi compared with uninfected animals. A negative correlation (P < 0.01)was observed between the number of platelets and ATP hydrolysis (r = -0.64), and ADP hydrolysis (r = -0.69) by E-NTPDase. Therefore, there is a response from the purinergic system activating ecto-enzymes in platelets of mice T. cruzi infected, as a compensatory effect of thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M do Carmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Doleski
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariângela F de Sá
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thirssa H Grando
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathieli B Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniela B R Leal
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas T Gressler
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Mendes
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC), Concórdia, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S Da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil. .,Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, Brazil.
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Mucci J, Lantos AB, Buscaglia CA, Leguizamón MS, Campetella O. The Trypanosoma cruzi Surface, a Nanoscale Patchwork Quilt. Trends Parasitol 2016; 33:102-112. [PMID: 27843019 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote membrane provides a major protective role against mammalian host-derived defense mechanisms while allowing the parasite to interact with different cell types and trigger pathogenesis. This surface has been historically appreciated as a rather unstructured 'coat', mainly consisting of a continuous layer of glycolipids and heavily O-glycosylated mucins, occasionally intercalated with different developmentally regulated molecules displaying adhesive and/or enzymatic properties. Recent findings, however, indicate that the trypomastigote membrane is made up of multiple, densely packed and discrete 10-150nm lipid-driven domains bearing different protein composition; hence resembling a highly organized 'patchwork quilt' design. Here, we discuss different aspects underlying the biogenesis, assembly, and dynamics of this cutting-edge fashion outfit, as well as its functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), B1650HMP San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés B Lantos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), B1650HMP San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Buscaglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), B1650HMP San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Susana Leguizamón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), B1650HMP San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Campetella
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), B1650HMP San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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33
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San Francisco J, Barría I, Gutiérrez B, Neira I, Muñoz C, Sagua H, Araya JE, Andrade JC, Zailberger A, Catalán A, Remonsellez F, Vega JL, González J. Decreased cruzipain and gp85/trans-sialidase family protein expression contributes to loss of Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote virulence. Microbes Infect 2016; 19:55-61. [PMID: 27553285 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Two cell lines derived from a single Trypanosoma cruzi clone by long-term passaging generated a highly virulent (C8C3hvir) and a low virulent (C8C3lvir) cell line. The C8C3hvir cell line was highly infective and lethal to Balb/c mice, and the C8C3lvir cell line was three- to five-fold less infective to mouse cardiomyocytes than C8C3hvir. The highly virulent T. cruzi cell line abundantly expressed the major cysteine proteinase cruzipain (Czp), complement regulatory protein (CRP) and trans-sialidase (TS), all of which are known to act as virulence factors in this parasite. The in vitro invasion capacity and in vivo Balb/c mouse infectiveness of the highly virulent strain was strongly reduced by pre-treatment with antisense oligonucleotides targeting TS or CRP or with E64d. Based on these results, we conclude that decreased levels of TS, CRP and Czp expression could contribute to loss of T. cruzi trypomastigote virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan San Francisco
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Iván Barría
- Experimental Physiology Laboratory (EPhyL), Antofagasta Institute, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Bessy Gutiérrez
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Iván Neira
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Christian Muñoz
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Hernán Sagua
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Jorge E Araya
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Andrade
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - Alejandro Catalán
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Francisco Remonsellez
- Applied Microbiology and Extremophiles Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, North Catholic University, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - José Luis Vega
- Experimental Physiology Laboratory (EPhyL), Antofagasta Institute, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Jorge González
- Molecular Parasitology Unit, Medical Technology Department, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.
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Wratil PR, Horstkorte R, Reutter W. Metabolic Glycoengineering with N-Acyl Side Chain Modified Mannosamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9482-512. [PMID: 27435524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In metabolic glycoengineering (MGE), cells or animals are treated with unnatural derivatives of monosaccharides. After entering the cytosol, these sugar analogues are metabolized and subsequently expressed on newly synthesized glycoconjugates. The feasibility of MGE was first discovered for sialylated glycans, by using N-acyl-modified mannosamines as precursor molecules for unnatural sialic acids. Prerequisite is the promiscuity of the enzymes of the Roseman-Warren biosynthetic pathway. These enzymes were shown to tolerate specific modifications of the N-acyl side chain of mannosamine analogues, for example, elongation by one or more methylene groups (aliphatic modifications) or by insertion of reactive groups (bioorthogonal modifications). Unnatural sialic acids are incorporated into glycoconjugates of cells and organs. MGE has intriguing biological consequences for treated cells (aliphatic MGE) and offers the opportunity to visualize the topography and dynamics of sialylated glycans in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo (bioorthogonal MGE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Wratil
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle, Germany.
| | - Werner Reutter
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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35
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Wratil PR, Horstkorte R, Reutter W. Metabolisches Glykoengineering mitN-Acyl-Seiten- ketten-modifizierten Mannosaminen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Wratil
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie; Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Hollystraße 1 06114 Halle Deutschland
| | - Werner Reutter
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Deutschland
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36
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Qiu J, Liu X, Li X, Zhang X, Han P, Zhou H, Shao L, Hou Y, Min Y, Kong Z, Wang Y, Wei Y, Liu X, Ni H, Peng J, Hou M. CD8(+) T cells induce platelet clearance in the liver via platelet desialylation in immune thrombocytopenia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27445. [PMID: 27321376 PMCID: PMC4913243 DOI: 10.1038/srep27445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to antiplatelet autoantibodies, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play an important role in the increased platelet destruction in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Recent studies have highlighted that platelet desialylation leads to platelet clearance via hepatocyte asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPRs). Whether CD8+ T cells induce platelet desialylation in ITP remains unclear. Here, we investigated the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells towards platelets and platelet desialylation in ITP. We found that the desialylation of fresh platelets was significantly higher in ITP patients with positive cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells than those without cytotoxicity and controls. In vitro, CD8+ T cells from ITP patients with positive cytotoxicity induced significant platelet desialylation, neuraminidase-1 expression on the platelet surface, and platelet phagocytosis by hepatocytes. To study platelet survival and clearance in vivo, CD61 knockout mice were immunized and their CD8+ splenocytes were used. Platelets co-cultured with these CD8+ splenocytes demonstrated decreased survival in the circulation and increased phagocytosis in the liver. Both neuraminidase inhibitor and ASGPRs competitor significantly improved platelet survival and abrogated platelet clearance caused by CD8+ splenocytes. These findings suggest that CD8+ T cells induce platelet desialylation and platelet clearance in the liver in ITP, which may be a novel mechanism of ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuena Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Panpan Han
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Shao
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Min
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhangyuan Kong
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Heyu Ni
- Canadian Blood Services and the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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37
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Freire-de-Lima L, da Fonseca LM, da Silva VA, da Costa KM, Morrot A, Freire-de-Lima CG, Previato JO, Mendonça-Previato L. Modulation of Cell Sialoglycophenotype: A Stylish Mechanism Adopted by Trypanosoma cruzi to Ensure Its Persistence in the Infected Host. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:698. [PMID: 27242722 PMCID: PMC4862976 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease exhibits multiple mechanisms to guarantee its establishment and persistence in the infected host. It has been well demonstrated that T. cruzi is not able to synthesize sialic acids (Sia). To acquire the monosaccharide, the parasite makes use of a multifunctional enzyme called trans-sialidase (Tc-TS). Since this enzyme has no analogous in the vertebrate host, it has been used as a target in drug therapy development. Tc-TS preferentially catalyzes the transfer of Sia from the host glycoconjugates to the terminal β-galactopyranosyl residues of mucin-like molecules present on the parasite's cell surface. Alternatively, the enzyme can sialylate/re-sialylate glycoconjugates expressed on the surface of host cells. Since its discovery, several studies have shown that T. cruzi employs the Tc-TS activity to modulate the host cell sialoglycophenotype, thus favoring its perpetuation in the infected vertebrate. In this review, we summarize the dynamic of host/parasite sialoglycophenotype modulation, highlighting its role in the subversion of host immune response in order to promote the establishment of persistent chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A da Silva
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kelli M da Costa
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Célio G Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose O Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucia Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Nardy AFFR, Freire-de-Lima CG, Pérez AR, Morrot A. Role of Trypanosoma cruzi Trans-sialidase on the Escape from Host Immune Surveillance. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:348. [PMID: 27047464 PMCID: PMC4804232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, affecting millions of people throughout Latin America. The parasite dampens host immune response causing modifications in diverse lymphoid compartments, including the thymus. T. cruzi trans-sialidase (TS) seems to play a fundamental role in such immunopathological events. This unusual enzyme catalyses the transference of sialic acid molecules from host glycoconjugates to acceptor molecules placed on the parasite surface. TS activity mediates several biological effects leading to the subversion of host immune system, hence favoring both parasite survival and the establishment of chronic infection. This review summarizes current findings on the roles of TS in the immune response during T. cruzi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F F R Nardy
- Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Celio G Freire-de-Lima
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana R Pérez
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Immunology of Rosario, CONICET, National University of Rosario Rosario, Argentina
| | - Alexandre Morrot
- Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Niyogi S, Docampo R. A novel role of Rab11 in trafficking GPI-anchored trans-sialidase to the plasma membrane of Trypanosoma cruzi. Small GTPases 2015; 6:8-10. [PMID: 25862161 DOI: 10.4161/21541248.2014.978712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, is a unicellular parasite that possesses a contractile vacuole complex (CVC). This organelle is usually present in free-living protists and is mainly involved in osmoregulation. However, in some organisms, like for example Dictyostelium discoideum, other roles include calcium homeostasis and transference of proteins to the plasma membrane. T. cruzi plasma membrane is very rich in glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored proteins (GPI-AP) and a very important group of GPI-AP is that of the trans-sialidases. These enzymes catalyze the transfer of sialic acid from host glycoconjugates to mucins present in the surface of the parasite and are important for host cell invasion among other functions. We recently reported that a pathway dependent on the Rab GTPase Rab11 is involved in the traffic of trans-sialidases to the plasma membrane through the CVC of the infective stages of the parasite and that preventing this traffic results in considerable reduction in the ability of T. cruzi to infect host cells. We also found that traffic of other GPI-anchored proteins is also through the CVC but uses a Rab11-independent pathway. These represent unconventional pathways of GPI-anchored protein traffic to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantanee Niyogi
- a Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology ; University of Georgia ; Athens , Georgia , USA
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40
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Zhang XH, Wang QM, Zhang JM, Feng FE, Wang FR, Chen H, Zhang YY, Chen YH, Han W, Xu LP, Liu KY, Huang XJ. Desialylation is associated with apoptosis and phagocytosis of platelets in patients with prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia after allo-HSCT. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:116. [PMID: 26497387 PMCID: PMC4619537 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia (PT) is a frequent complication in patients who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and it is associated with an adverse prognosis. In this study, we hypothesized that desialylation on platelet surfaces was associated with PT after allo-HSCT. The mechanisms participating in this process may include NEU1 translocation, platelet apoptosis, and phagocytosis by macrophages. METHODS PT was defined as a peripheral platelet count less than 100 × 10(9)/L without sustained anemia or leukopenia for more than 3 months after allo-HSCT. 34 patients were identified consecutively from a cohort of 255 patients who underwent allo-HSCT for hematologic malignancies between May and October 2014 at Peking University Institute of Hematology. Desialylation, enzyme expression, and phagocytosis were detected using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, Western blot, and so on. RESULTS Platelets from the PT patients had significantly fewer sialic acids (P = .001) and increased β-galactose exposure indicative of desialylation on the surface (P = .042), and serum from the PT patients showed a higher sialic acid concentration (8.400 ± 0.2209 μmol/L, P < .001). The sialidase NEU1 was over-expressed from mRNA to protein levels, and its catalytic activity was increased in platelets from the PT patients. Desialylation of GPIbα in the PT patients was correlated with changes in 14-3-3ζ distribution, which, relative to Bad activation, modulated the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins, depolarized the inner membrane of the mitochondria, and initiated the intrinsic mitochondria-dependent pathway of apoptosis. Macrophages derived from the THP-1 cell line preferred to phagocytize desialylated platelets from the PT patients in vitro. We also revealed that oseltamivir (400 μmol/L) could inhibit 50 % of the sialidase activity on platelets and could protect 20 % of platelets from phagocytosis in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Desialylation of platelets was associated with platelet apoptosis and phagocytosis, whereas oseltamivir could reduce platelet destruction in the periphery, indicating a potential novel treatment for PT after allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian-Ming Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Min Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Er Feng
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Rong Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hong Chen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Ping Xu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Yan Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
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Domingues CS, Hardoim DJ, Souza CSF, Cardoso FO, Mendes VG, Previtalli-Silva H, Abreu-Silva AL, Pelajo-Machado M, Gonçalves da Costa SC, Calabrese KS. Oral Outbreak of Chagas Disease in Santa Catarina, Brazil: Experimental Evaluation of a Patient's Strain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122566. [PMID: 26469517 PMCID: PMC4607495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a worldwide public health problem. Although the vectorial transmission of Chagas disease has been controlled in Brazil there are other ways of transmission, such as the ingestion of T. cruzi contaminated food, which ensures the continuation of this zoonosis. Here, we demonstrate the influence of the inoculation route on the establishment and development of the SC2005 T. cruzi strain infection in mice. Groups of Swiss mice were infected intragastrically (IG) or intraperitoneally (IP) with the T. cruzi SC2005 strain derived from an outbreak of oral Chagas disease. The results revealed that 100% of IP infected mice showed parasitemia, while just 36% of IG infected showed the presence of the parasite in blood. The parasitemia peaks were later and less intense in the IG infected mice. Mortality of the IP infected animals was more intense and earlier when compared to the IG infected mice. In the IP infected mice leucopenia occurred in the early infection followed by leucocytosis, correlating positively with the increase of the parasites. However, in the IG infected mice only an increase in monocytes was observed, which was positively correlated with the increase of the parasites. Histopathological analyses revealed a myotropic pattern of the SC2005 strain with the presence of inflammatory infiltrates and parasites in different organs of the animals infected by both routes as well as fibrosis foci and collagen redistribution. The flow cytometric analysis demonstrated a fluctuation of the T lymphocyte population in the blood, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of the infected animals. T. cruzi DNA associated with the presence of inflammatory infiltrates was detected by PCR in the esophagus, stomach and intestine of all infected mice. These findings are important for the understanding of the pathogenesis of T. cruzi infection by both inoculation routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S. Domingues
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Daiana J. Hardoim
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Celeste S. F. Souza
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Flávia O. Cardoso
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Verônica G. Mendes
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde (CDTS)/Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Negligenciadas/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Henrique Previtalli-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Ana L. Abreu-Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luiz, Maranhão, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Pelajo-Machado
- Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Kátia S. Calabrese
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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42
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Freire-de-Lima L, Fonseca LM, Oeltmann T, Mendonça-Previato L, Previato JO. The trans-sialidase, the major Trypanosoma cruzi virulence factor: Three decades of studies. Glycobiology 2015. [PMID: 26224786 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas' disease is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Since the description of Chagas'disease in 1909 extensive research has identified important events in the disease in order to understand the biochemical mechanism that modulates T. cruzi-host cell interactions and the ability of the parasite to ensure its survival in the infected host. Exactly 30 years ago, we presented evidence for the first time of a trans-sialidase activity in T. cruzi (T. cruzi-TS). This enzyme transfers sialic acid from the host glycoconjugates to the terminal β-galactopyranosyl residues of mucin-like molecules on the parasite's cell surface. Thenceforth, many articles have provided convincing data showing that T. cruzi-TS is able to govern relevant mechanisms involved in the parasite's survival in the mammalian host, such as invasion, escape from the phagolysosomal vacuole, differentiation, down-modulation of host immune responses, among others. The aim of this review is to cover the history of the discovery of T. cruzi-TS, as well as some well-documented biological effects encompassed by this parasite's virulence factor, an enzyme with potential attributes to become a drug target against Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21944902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - L M Fonseca
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21944902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - T Oeltmann
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - L Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21944902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - J O Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21944902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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43
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Li J, van der Wal DE, Zhu G, Xu M, Yougbare I, Ma L, Vadasz B, Carrim N, Grozovsky R, Ruan M, Zhu L, Zeng Q, Tao L, Zhai ZM, Peng J, Hou M, Leytin V, Freedman J, Hoffmeister KM, Ni H. Desialylation is a mechanism of Fc-independent platelet clearance and a therapeutic target in immune thrombocytopenia. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7737. [PMID: 26185093 PMCID: PMC4518313 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common bleeding disorder caused primarily by autoantibodies against platelet GPIIbIIIa and/or the GPIb complex. Current theory suggests that antibody-mediated platelet destruction occurs in the spleen, via macrophages through Fc-FcγR interactions. However, we and others have demonstrated that anti-GPIbα (but not GPIIbIIIa)-mediated ITP is often refractory to therapies targeting FcγR pathways. Here, we generate mouse anti-mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize GPIbα and GPIIbIIIa of different species. Utilizing these unique mAbs and human ITP plasma, we find that anti-GPIbα, but not anti-GPIIbIIIa antibodies, induces Fc-independent platelet activation, sialidase neuraminidase-1 translocation and desialylation. This leads to platelet clearance in the liver via hepatocyte Ashwell-Morell receptors, which is fundamentally different from the classical Fc-FcγR-dependent macrophage phagocytosis. Importantly, sialidase inhibitors ameliorate anti-GPIbα-mediated thrombocytopenia in mice. These findings shed light on Fc-independent cytopenias, designating desialylation as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in the treatment of refractory ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Li
- 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - Dianne E van der Wal
- 1] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [2] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1G 4J5
| | - Guangheng Zhu
- 1] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [2] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - Miao Xu
- 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - Issaka Yougbare
- 1] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [2] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1G 4J5
| | - Li Ma
- 1] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [2] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1G 4J5
| | - Brian Vadasz
- 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - Naadiya Carrim
- 1] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [2] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - Renata Grozovsky
- Translational Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Min Ruan
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qingshu Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lili Tao
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhi-min Zhai
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Valery Leytin
- 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8
| | - John Freedman
- 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [4] Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Karin M Hoffmeister
- Translational Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Heyu Ni
- 1] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [2] Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8 [4] Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1G 4J5 [5] Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8 [6] Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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Abstract
While the interactions between Gram-positive bacteria and platelets have been well characterized, there is a paucity of data on the interaction between other pathogens and platelets. However, thrombocytopenia is a common feature with many infections especially viral hemorrhagic fever. The little available data on these interactions indicate a similarity with bacteria-platelet interactions with receptors such as FcγRIIa and Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) playing key roles with many pathogens. This review summarizes the known interactions between platelets and pathogens such as viruses, fungi and parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lopez Alonso
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin , Ireland
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45
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Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase prevents elicitation of Th1 cell response via interleukin 10 and downregulates Th1 effector cells. Infect Immun 2015; 83:2099-108. [PMID: 25754197 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00031-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The trans-sialidases (TSs) from Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, are virulence factors shed to the bloodstream that induce strong alterations in the immune system. Here, we report that both enzymatically active TS (aTS) and its lectinlike isoform (iTS) disturb CD4 T cell physiology, inducing downregulation of Th1 cell functionality and in vivo cell expansion. By using ovalbumin-specific DO11.10 cells as tracers of clones developing the Th1 phenotype, we found that the infection induced significant amounts of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) but low levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and increased IL-4 production in vivo, in agreement with a mixed T helper response. The production of cytokines associated with the Th2 phenotype was prevented by passive transfer of anti-TS neutralizing antibodies. TSs also reduced the T cell receptor signaling as assayed by Zap-70 phosphorylation. TSs also reduced IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion, with a concomitant increase in IL-4 production and then an unbalancing of the CD4 T cell response toward the Th2 phenotype. This effect was prevented by using anti-IL-10 neutralizing antibodies or IL-10(-/-) antigen-presenting cells, supporting the subversion of this regulatory pathway. In support, TSs stimulated IL-10 secretion by antigen-presenting cells during their interaction with CD4 T cells. When polarized cells were stimulated in the presence of TSs, the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ was strongly downregulated in Th1 cells, while IL-2 production was upregulated in Th2 cells. Although the Th1 response is associated with host survival, it may simultaneously induce extensive damage to infected tissues. Thus, by delaying the elicitation of the Th1 response and limiting its effector properties, TSs restrain the cell response, supporting T. cruzi colonization and persistence while favoring host survival.
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46
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Ferraz FN, Bilotti CC, Aleixo DL, Martinichen Herrero JC, do Nascimento Junior AD, de Araújo SM. Hematological and parasitological changes in mice experimentally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and treated with biotherapy 7dH. Eur J Integr Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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47
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Izumi R, Niihori T, Suzuki N, Sasahara Y, Rikiishi T, Nishiyama A, Nishiyama S, Endo K, Kato M, Warita H, Konno H, Takahashi T, Tateyama M, Nagashima T, Funayama R, Nakayama K, Kure S, Matsubara Y, Aoki Y, Aoki M. GNE myopathy associated with congenital thrombocytopenia: a report of two siblings. Neuromuscul Disord 2014; 24:1068-72. [PMID: 25257349 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
GNE myopathy is an autosomal recessive muscular disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the key enzyme in sialic acid biosynthesis, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE/MNK). Here, we report two siblings with myopathy with rimmed vacuoles and congenital thrombocytopenia who harbored two compound heterozygous GNE mutations, p.V603L and p.G739S. Thrombocytopenia, which is characterized by shortened platelet lifetime rather than ineffective thrombopoiesis, has been observed since infancy. We performed exome sequencing and array CGH to identify the underlying genetic etiology of thrombocytopenia. No pathogenic variants were detected among the known causative genes of recessively inherited thrombocytopenia; yet, candidate variants in two genes that followed an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, including previously identified GNE mutations, were detected. Alternatively, it is possible that the decreased activity of GNE/MNK itself, which would lead to decreased sialic content in platelets, is associated with thrombocytopenia in these patients. Further investigations are required to clarify the association between GNE myopathy and the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiko Izumi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Niihori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoji Sasahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeshi Rikiishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nishiyama
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaoru Endo
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kato
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Konno
- Department of Neurology and Division of Clinical Research, Sendai Nishitaga National Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Takahashi
- Department of Neurology and Division of Clinical Research, Sendai Nishitaga National Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Maki Tateyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Division of Cell Proliferation, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Division of Cell Proliferation, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Division of Cell Proliferation, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsubara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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48
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Niyogi S, Mucci J, Campetella O, Docampo R. Rab11 regulates trafficking of trans-sialidase to the plasma membrane through the contractile vacuole complex of Trypanosoma cruzi. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004224. [PMID: 24968013 PMCID: PMC4072791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. Although this is not a free-living organism it has conserved a contractile vacuole complex (CVC) to regulate its osmolarity. This obligate intracellular pathogen is, in addition, dependent on surface proteins to invade its hosts. Here we used a combination of genetic and biochemical approaches to delineate the contribution of the CVC to the traffic of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins to the plasma membrane of the parasite and promote host invasion. While T. cruzi Rab11 (GFP-TcRab11) localized to the CVC, a dominant negative (DN) mutant tagged with GFP (GFP-TcRab11DN) localized to the cytosol, and epimastigotes expressing this mutant were less responsive to hyposmotic and hyperosmotic stress. Mutant parasites were still able to differentiate into metacyclic forms and infect host cells. GPI-anchored trans-sialidase (TcTS), mucins of the 60-200 KDa family, and trypomastigote small surface antigen (TcTSSA II) co-localized with GFP-TcRab11 to the CVC during transformation of intracellular amastigotes into trypomastigotes. Mucins of the gp35/50 family also co-localized with the CVC during metacyclogenesis. Parasites expressing GFP-TcRab11DN prevented TcTS, but not other membrane proteins, from reaching the plasma membrane, and were less infective as compared to wild type cells. Incubation of these mutants in the presence of exogenous recombinant active, but not inactive, TcTS, and a sialic acid donor, before infecting host cells, partially rescued infectivity of trypomastigotes. Taking together these results reveal roles of TcRab11 in osmoregulation and trafficking of trans-sialidase to the plasma membrane, the role of trans-sialidase in promoting infection, and a novel unconventional mechanism of GPI-anchored protein secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantanee Niyogi
- Department of Cellular Biology and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Juan Mucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar Campetella
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberto Docampo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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49
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Fong DL, Torrence AE, Vogel KW, Stockinger DE, Nelson V, Murnane RD, Baldessari A, Kuller L, Agy M, Kiem HP, Hotchkiss CE. Transmission of Chagas disease via blood transfusions in 2 immunosuppressed pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). Comp Med 2014; 64:63-67. [PMID: 24512963 PMCID: PMC3929221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A 2.25-y-old male pigtailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) was experimentally irradiated and received a bone marrow transplant. After transplantation and engraftment, the macaque had unexpected recurring pancytopenia and dependent edema of the prepuce, scrotum, and legs. The diagnostic work-up included a blood smear, which revealed a trypomastigote consistent with Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease (CD). We initially hypothesized that the macaque had acquired the infection when it lived in Georgia. However, because the animal had received multiple blood transfusions, all blood donors were screened for CD. One male pigtailed macaque blood donor, which was previously housed in Louisiana, was positive for T. cruzi antibodies via serology. Due to the low prevalence of infection in Georgia, the blood transfusion was hypothesized to be the source of T. cruzi infection. The transfusion was confirmed as the mechanism of transmission when screening of archived serum revealed seroconversion after blood transfusion from the seropositive blood donor. The macaque made a full clinical recovery, and further follow-up including thoracic radiography, echocardiography, and gross necropsy did not show any abnormalities associated with CD. Other animals that received blood transfusions from the positive blood donor were tested, and one additional pigtailed macaque on the same research protocol was positive for T. cruzi. Although CD has been reported to occur in many nonhuman primate species, especially pigtailed macaques, the transmission of CD via blood transfusion in nonhuman primates has not been reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek L Fong
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Annie E Torrence
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Keith W Vogel
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Diane E Stockinger
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Veronica Nelson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robert D Murnane
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Audrey Baldessari
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - LaRene Kuller
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Agy
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Charlotte E Hotchkiss
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Oliveira IA, Freire-de-Lima L, Penha LL, Dias WB, Todeschini AR. Trypanosoma cruzi Trans-sialidase: structural features and biological implications. Subcell Biochem 2014; 74:181-201. [PMID: 24264246 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7305-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (TcTS) has intrigued researchers all over the world since it was shown that T. cruzi incorporates sialic acid through a mechanism independent of sialyltransferases. The enzyme has being involved in a vast myriad of functions in the biology of the parasite and in the pathology of Chagas' disease. At the structural level experiments trapping the intermediate with fluorosugars followed by peptide mapping, X-ray crystallography, molecular modeling and magnetic nuclear resonance have opened up a three-dimensional understanding of the way this enzyme works. Herein we review the multiple biological roles of TcTS and the structural studies that are slowly revealing the secrets underlining an efficient sugar transfer activity rather than simple hydrolysis by TcTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora A Oliveira
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Bloco D-3, 21941-902, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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