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Wang N, Dilixiati Y, Xiao L, Yang H, Zhang Z. Different Short-Chain Fatty Acids Unequally Modulate Intestinal Homeostasis and Reverse Obesity-Related Symptoms in Lead-Exposed High-Fat Diet Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18971-18985. [PMID: 39146036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that heavy metal lead (Pb) exposure exacerbates high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced metabolic damage and significantly depletes the gut microbiota-derived metabolite short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels. However, it remains unclear whether SCFA is a key metabolite involved in accelerating adverse consequences after Pb exposure. In this study, we explored the effects of exogenous supplementation of acetate, propionate, and butyrate on a metabolic disorder model in Pb-exposed HFD mice. We found that three SCFA interventions attenuated glycolipid metabolism disorders and liver damage, with butyrate performing the best effects in improving obesity-related symptoms. All three SCFA promoted the abundance of Muribaculaceae and Muribaculum, acetate specifically enriched Christensenellaceae, Blautia, and Ruminococcus, and butyrate specifically enriched Parasutterella, Rikenella, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, and Bacteroides, which contributed to the positive promotion of SCFA production forming a virtuous cycle. Besides, butyrate inhibited Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia-Shigella. All of these events alleviated the intestinal Th17/Treg imbalance and inflammatory response through crosstalk between the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)/histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB) pathways and ultimately improved the intestinal barrier function. SCFA further upregulated the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and GPR43/adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways to inhibit hepatic lipid accumulation. Overall, SCFA, especially butyrate, is an effective modulator to improve metabolic disorders in obese individuals exposed to heavy metals by targeting gut microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Wang
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | | | - Liang Xiao
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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2
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Li W, Chen H, Tang J. Interplay between Bile Acids and Intestinal Microbiota: Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential for Infections. Pathogens 2024; 13:702. [PMID: 39204302 PMCID: PMC11356816 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) play a crucial role in the human body's defense against infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. BAs counteract infections not only through interactions with intestinal bacteria exhibiting bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity but they also directly combat infections. Building upon our research group's previous discoveries highlighting the role of BAs in combating infections, we have initiated an in-depth investigation into the interactions between BAs and intestinal microbiota. Leveraging the existing literature, we offer a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between BAs and 16 key microbiota. This investigation encompasses bacteria (e.g., Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), Bacteroides, Clostridium scindens (C. scindens), Streptococcus thermophilus, Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum), and lactic acid bacteria), fungi (e.g., Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Saccharomyces boulardii), and viruses (e.g., coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, and norovirus). Our research found that Bacteroides, C. scindens, Streptococcus thermophilus, Saccharomyces boulardii, C. butyricum, and lactic acid bacteria can regulate the metabolism and function of BSHs and 7α-dehydroxylase. BSHs and 7α-dehydroxylase play crucial roles in the conversion of primary bile acid (PBA) to secondary bile acid (SBA). It is important to note that PBAs generally promote infections, while SBAs often exhibit distinct anti-infection roles. In the antimicrobial action of BAs, SBAs demonstrate antagonistic properties against a wide range of microbiota, with the exception of norovirus. Given the intricate interplay between BAs and intestinal microbiota, and their regulatory effects on infections, we assert that BAs hold significant potential as a novel approach for preventing and treating microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai 200240, China;
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3
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Lin J, Liu J, Wang K, Nie Q, Ye C, Sun L, Ma Y, Qu R, Mao Y, Zhang X, Lu H, Xia P, Zhao D, Wang G, Zhang Z, Fu W, Jiang C, Pang Y. A microbial metabolite inhibits the HIF-2α-ceramide pathway to mediate the beneficial effects of time-restricted feeding on MASH. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1823-1838.e6. [PMID: 39079531 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a potent dietary intervention for improving metabolic diseases, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASLD/MASH). However, the mechanism of this efficacy has remained elusive. Here, we show that TRF improves MASLD, which is associated with a significant enrichment of Ruminococcus torques (R. torques). Mechanistically, R. torques suppresses the intestinal HIF-2α-ceramide pathway via the production of 2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid (HMP). We identify rtMor as a 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate reductase that synthesizes HMP in R. torques. Finally, we show that either the colonization of R. torques or oral HMP supplementation can ameliorate inflammation and fibrosis in a MASH mouse model. These findings identify R. torques and HMP as potential TRF mimetics for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Endocrinology, Capital Medical University Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Capital Medical University Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Ye
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Preservation, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanpeng Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruize Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejian Mao
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Mengniu Institute of Nutrition Science, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Lu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyan Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyu Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Capital Medical University Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanli Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Preservation, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Whelan K, Bancil AS, Lindsay JO, Chassaing B. Ultra-processed foods and food additives in gut health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:406-427. [PMID: 38388570 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and food additives have become ubiquitous components of the modern human diet. There is increasing evidence of an association between diets rich in UPFs and gut disease, including inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer and irritable bowel syndrome. Food additives are added to many UPFs and have themselves been shown to affect gut health. For example, evidence shows that some emulsifiers, sweeteners, colours, and microparticles and nanoparticles have effects on a range of outcomes, including the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and intestinal inflammation. Broadly speaking, evidence for the effect of UPFs on gut disease comes from observational epidemiological studies, whereas, by contrast, evidence for the effect of food additives comes largely from preclinical studies conducted in vitro or in animal models. Fewer studies have investigated the effect of UPFs or food additives on gut health and disease in human intervention studies. Hence, the aim of this article is to critically review the evidence for the effects of UPF and food additives on gut health and disease and to discuss the clinical application of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Whelan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Aaron S Bancil
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James O Lindsay
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, UK
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Yang M, Zhang J, Yan H, Pan Y, Zhou J, Zhong H, Wang J, Cai H, Feng F, Zhao M. A comprehensive review of medium chain monoglycerides on metabolic pathways, nutritional and functional properties, nanotechnology formulations and applications in food system. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38779723 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2353403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
A large and growing body of literature has investigated the broad antibacterial spectrum and strong synergistic antimicrobial activity of medium chain monoglycerides (MCMs) have been widely investigated. Recently, more and more researches have focused on the regulation of MCMs on metabolic health and gut microbiota both in vivo and in vitro. The current review summarizes the digestion, absorption and metabolism of MCMs. Subsequently, it focuses on the functional and nutritional properties of MCMs, including the antibacterial and antiviral characteristics, the modulation of metabolic balance, the regulation of gut microbiota, and the improvement in intestinal health. Additionally, we discuss the most recent developments and application of MCMs using nanotechnologies in food industry, poultry and pharmaceutical industry. Additionally, we analyze recent application examples of MCMs and their nanotechnology formation used in food. The development of nanotechnology platforms facilitating molecular encapsulation and functional presentation contribute to the application of hydrophobic fatty acids and monoglycerides in food preservation and their antibacterial effectiveness. This study emphasizes the metabolic mechanisms and biological activity of MCMs by summarizing the prevailing state of knowledge on this topic, as well as providing insights into prospective techniques for developing the beneficial applications of MCMs to realize the industrialized production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng Yan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya Pan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- Guangdong Qingyunshan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shaoguan, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Lab for Chem & Bio Processing Technology of Farm Product, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Zhang J, Zhao M, Yu H, Wang Q, Shen F, Cai H, Feng F, Tang J. Palmitoleic Acid Ameliorates Metabolic Disorders and Inflammation by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300749. [PMID: 38511225 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Palmitoleic acid (POA) is an omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid that has been suggested to improve metabolic disorders. However, it remains unclear whether gut microbiota plays a role in the amelioration of metabolic disorders by POA. This study aims to investigate the regulation of POA on metabolism, as well as systemic inflammation in HFD-fed mice from the perspective of serum metabolome and gut microbiome. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-six C57BL/6 male mice are randomly assigned to either a normal chow diet containing 1.9% w/w lard or an HFD containing 20.68% w/w lard or 20.68% w/w sea buckthorn pulp oil for 16 weeks. The study finds that POA significantly attenuated hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation in HFD-fed mice. POA supplementation significantly alters the composition of serum metabolites, particularly lipid metabolites in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway. POA obviously increases the abundance of Bifidobacterium and decreases the abundance of Allobaculum. Importantly, the study finds that glycerophosphocholine mediates the effect of Bifidobacterium on LDL-C, sphingomyelin mediates the effect of Bifidobacterium on IL-6, and maslinic acid mediates the effect of Allobaculum on IL-6. CONCLUSION The results suggest that exogenous POA can improve metabolic disorders and inflammation in HFD-fed mice, potentially by modulating the serum metabolome and gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science &Technology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jun Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, 310012, China
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7
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Cai H, Zhang J, Liu C, Le TN, Lu Y, Feng F, Zhao M. High-Fat Diet-Induced Decreased Circulating Bile Acids Contribute to Obesity Associated with Gut Microbiota in Mice. Foods 2024; 13:699. [PMID: 38472812 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The altered circulating bile acids (BAs) modulate gut microbiota, energy metabolism and various physiological functions. BA profiles in liver, serum, ileum and feces of HFD-fed mice were analyzed with normal chow diet (NCD)-fed mice after 16-week feeding. Furthermore, gut microbiota was analyzed and its correlation analysis with BA was performed. The result showed that long-term HFD feeding significantly decreased hepatic and serum BA levels, mainly attributed to the inhibition of hepatic BA synthesis and the reduced reabsorption efficiency of BAs in enterohepatic circulation. It also significantly impaired glucose and lipid homeostasis and gut microbiota in mice. We found significantly higher bile salt hydrolase activity in ileal microbes and a higher ratio of free BAs to conjugated BA content in ileal contents in HFD groups compared with NCD group mice, which might account for the activated intestinal farnesoid X receptor signaling on liver BA synthesis inhibition and reduced ileal reabsorption. The decreased circulating BAs were associated with the dysregulation of the lipid metabolism according to the decreased TGR5 signaling in the ileum and BAT. In addition, it is astonishing to find extremely high percentages of taurocholate and 12-OH BAs in liver and serum BA profiles of both groups, which was mainly attributed to the high substrate selectivity for 12-OH BAs of the intestinal BAs transporter during the ileal reabsorption of enterohepatic circulation. This study revealed a significant effect of long-term HFD feeding on the decreased circulating BA pool in mice, which impaired lipid homeostasis and gut microbiota, and collectively resulted in metabolic disorders and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Cai
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Junhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Thanh Ninh Le
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Yuyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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8
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Zhang J, Wang J, Ma Z, Fu Z, Zhao Y, Zeng X, Lin G, Zhang S, Guan W, Chen F. Enhanced Antioxidative Capacity Transfer between Sow and Fetus via the Gut-Placenta Axis with Dietary Selenium Yeast and Glycerol Monolaurate Supplementation during Pregnancy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:141. [PMID: 38397739 PMCID: PMC10886224 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of dietary supplementation with selenium yeast (SeY) and glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the transfer of antioxidative capacity between the mother and fetus during pregnancy and its underlying mechanisms. A total of 160 sows with similar body weight and parity of 3-6 parity sows were randomly and uniformly allocated to four groups (n = 40) as follows: CON group, SeY group, GML group, and SG (SeY + GML) group. Animal feeding started from the 85th day of gestation and continued to the day of delivery. The supplementation of SeY and GML resulted in increased placental weight and reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in sow plasma, placental tissues, and piglet plasma. Furthermore, the redox balance and inflammatory markers exhibited significant improvements in the plasma of sows fed with either SeY or GML, as well as in their offspring. Moreover, the addition of SeY and GML activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway, while downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and proteins associated with inflammatory pathways (MAPK and NF-κB). Vascular angiogenesis and nutrient transportation (amino acids, fatty acids, and glucose) were upregulated, whereas apoptosis signaling pathways within the placenta were downregulated with the supplementation of SeY and GML. The integrity of the intestinal and placental barriers significantly improved, as indicated by the increased expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1, along with reduced levels of DLA and DAO with dietary treatment. Moreover, supplementation of SeY and GML increased the abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Clostridium_sensus_stricto_1, and Bacteroidota, while decreasing levels of gut microbiota metabolites LPS and trimethylamine N-oxide. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative relationship between plasma LPS levels and placental weight, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In summary, dietary supplementation of SeY and GML enhanced the transfer of antioxidative capacity between maternal-fetal during pregnancy via gut-placenta axis through modulating sow microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Ziwei Ma
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Zhichao Fu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Yueqi Zhao
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Gang Lin
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agricultural Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Shihai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.W.); (Z.M.); (Z.F.); (Y.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Maher S, Geoghegan C, Brayden DJ. Safety of surfactant excipients in oral drug formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 202:115086. [PMID: 37739041 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants are a diverse group of compounds that share the capacity to adsorb at the boundary between distinct phases of matter. They are used as pharmaceutical excipients, food additives, emulsifiers in cosmetics, and as household/industrial detergents. This review outlines the interaction of surfactant-type excipients present in oral pharmaceutical dosage forms with the intestinal epithelium of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Many surfactants permitted for human consumption in oral products reduce intestinal epithelial cell viability in vitro and alter barrier integrity in epithelial cell monolayers, isolated GI tissue mucosae, and in animal models. This suggests a degree of mis-match for predicting safety issues in humans from such models. Recent controversial preclinical research also infers that some widely used emulsifiers used in oral products may be linked to ulcerative colitis, some metabolic disorders, and cancers. We review a wide range of surfactant excipients in oral dosage forms regarding their interactions with the GI tract. Safety data is reviewed across in vitro, ex vivo, pre-clinical animal, and human studies. The factors that may mitigate against some of the potentially abrasive effects of surfactants on GI epithelia observed in pre-clinical studies are summarised. We conclude with a perspective on the overall safety of surfactants in oral pharmaceutical dosage forms, which has relevance for delivery system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Maher
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Caroline Geoghegan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - David J Brayden
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Tang Y, Zhang Z, Weng M, Shen Y, Lai W, Hao T, Yao C, Bu X, Du J, Li Y, Mai K, Ai Q. Glycerol monolaurate improved intestinal barrier, antioxidant capacity, inflammatory response and microbiota dysbiosis in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) fed with high soybean oil diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109031. [PMID: 37640122 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Glycerol monolaurate (GML) is a potential candidate for regulating metabolic syndrome and inflammatory response. However, the role of GML in modulating intestinal health in fish has not been well determined. In this study, a 70-d feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of GML on intestinal barrier, antioxidant capacity, inflammatory response and microbiota community of large yellow croaker (13.05 ± 0.09 g) fed with high level soybean oil (SO) diets. Two basic diets with fish oil (FO) or SO were formulated. Based on the SO group diet, three different levels of GML 0.02% (SO0.02), 0.04% (SO0.04) and 0.08% (SO0.08) were supplemented respectively. Results showed that intestinal villus height and perimeter ratio were increased in SO0.04 treatment compared with the SO group. The mRNA expressions of intestinal physical barrier-related gene odc and claudin-11 were significantly up-regulated in different addition of GML treatments compared with the SO group. Fish fed SO diet with 0.04% GML addition showed higher activities of acid phosphatase and lysozyme compared with the SO group. The content of malonaldehyde was significantly decreased and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased in 0.02% and 0.04% GML groups compared with those in the SO group. The mRNA transcriptional levels of inflammatory response-related genes (il-1β, il-6, tnf-α and cox-2) in 0.04% GML treatment were notably lower than those in the SO group. Meanwhile, sequencing analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA V4-V5 region showed that GML addition changed gut microbiota structure and increased alpha diversity of large yellow croaker fed diets with a high level of SO. The correlation analysis results indicated that the change of intestinal microbiota relative abundance strongly correlated with intestinal health indexes. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that 0.02%-0.04% GML addition could improve intestinal morphology, physical barrier, antioxidant capacity, inflammatory response and microbiota dysbiosis of large yellow croaker fed diets with a high percentage of SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Miao Weng
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yanan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wencong Lai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Tingting Hao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chanwei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xianyong Bu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jianlong Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yueru Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, 266003, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China.
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Liu T, Ruan S, Mo Q, Zhao M, Wang J, Ye Z, Chen L, Feng F. Evaluation of dynamic effects of dietary medium-chain monoglycerides on performance, intestinal development and gut microbiota of broilers in large-scale production. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:269-280. [PMID: 37600838 PMCID: PMC10432913 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Medium-chain monoglycerides (MG) have been reported to affect the productive performance, gut microbiota and health of broiler chickens reared in ideal experimental conditions at home and abroad. However, the effects of MG on performance, intestinal development and gut microbiota of chickens in large-scale farms during different feed stages remain unknown. The present study was conducted on a modern farm with a total of 12,000 yellow feathered broiler chicks that were randomly allotted to 2 groups (1000 chicks/replicate, 6 replicates/group) for a 70-day trial. The control group (CON group) received a basal diet, and the treated group (MG group) was fed a basal diet containing 300 mg/kg mixed MG. The results revealed that dietary MG significantly (P < 0.05) increased the body weight and average feed intake, but notably reduced the feed conversion and mortality of chickens in large-scale production during the starter phase. The villus height of the duodenum in the MG group at 1, 2 and 7 wk of age increased notably, and the villus height to crypt depth ratio at 1, 2, 5 and 10 wk of age was improved. Dietary MG decreased the serum insulin content of chickens at 5, 7 and 10 wk of age, and decreased the serum lipopolysaccharide at 3 and 7 wk of age. The triglyceride level of chickens at 3, 5 and 10 wk of age and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of chickens at 7 and 10 wk of age in the MG group decreased notably, while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly. Moreover, MG supplementation selectively increased the relative abundance of genus Bacteroides (family Bacteroidaceae) and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, but decreased the content of genus Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Collinsella and family Barnesiellaceae in the cecum of chickens at 3, 7 and 10 wk of age. Conclusively, these findings showed that dietary MG notably enhanced chicken performance, health and feed nutrient utilization at early ages by regulating gut microbiota, intestinal development and serum biochemical indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315000, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shengyue Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qiufen Mo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315000, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Li Chen
- The Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Magen-Rimon R, Day AS, Shaoul R. Nutritional aspects of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:731-740. [PMID: 37384423 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2231340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of people diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase in most parts of the world. Although the exact etiology of this chronic intestinal disease is not fully understood, nutritional factors appear to play key roles. Furthermore, individuals with IBD are at increased risk of adverse nutritional impacts, including micronutrient deficiencies. AREAS COVERED This review aims to summarize recent reports focusing on nutritional factors relevant to the development of IBD and to also review data on nutritional deficiencies seen in individuals with IBD. EXPERT OPINION The typical western diet, characterized by high-fat/high-sugar foods, along with food additives, appears to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of IBD. In contrast, some reports indicate that some foods are likely protective. However, there are inconsistencies in the currently available data, reflecting study design and other confounding factors. Furthermore, some of the conclusions are inferred from animal or in vitro studies. The presence of IBD can compromise the nutrition of individuals with one of these disorders: ongoing monitoring is critical. Nutrition and diet in the setting of IBD remain key areas for further and ongoing study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramit Magen-Rimon
- Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital of Haifa, Rambam Health Care Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Andrew S Day
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ron Shaoul
- Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital of Haifa, Rambam Health Care Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
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Zhang J, Wei J, Liu T, Tang J, Zhang X, Feng F, Cai H, Zhao M. Food additive glycerol monocaprylate modulated systemic inflammation and gut microbiota without stimulating metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet fed mice. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112734. [PMID: 37087285 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings imply that great consideration should be given to the potential health risks of food additives on gut microbiota. Glycerol monocaprylate (GMC) is a widely consumed food preservative and emulsifier. Our results indicated that GMC significantly ameliorated visceral fat accumulation and systemic inflammation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Furthermore, GMC induced improvements on the composition and function of gut microbiota, resulting in increased beneficial gut bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) and promoted production of short chain fatty acids. Notably, GMC-induced metabolic amelioration is closely related to the regulation in gut microbiota. Overall, our findings supported that unlike the emulsifiers previously reported to damage intestinal health, GMC performed the potential on attenuating HFD-induced metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis, which also refined on the safety evaluation of GMC on gut microbiota. Our findings suggest that when evaluating the safety of food additives with regards to gut microbiota, it is important to take into account the specific characteristics of the additive in question, rather than simply relying on its classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310058, China; ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ji'an Wei
- Mizuda Group Co., Ltd/Hangzhou Xinchao Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310058, China; ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jun Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310058, China; ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Lab for Chem & Bio Processing Technology of Farm Product, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; Mizuda Group Co., Ltd/Hangzhou Xinchao Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310058, China; ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Dahiya M, Jovel J, Monaghan T, Wong K, Elhenawy W, Chui L, McAlister F, Kao D. In Silico Analysis of Changes in Predicted Metabolic Capabilities of Intestinal Microbiota after Fecal Microbial Transplantation for Treatment of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041078. [PMID: 37110500 PMCID: PMC10143790 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although highly effective in treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (RCDI), the mechanisms of action of fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) are not fully understood. AIM The aim of this study was to explore microbially derived products or pathways that could contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of FMT. METHODS Stool shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from 18 FMT-treated RCDI patients at 4 points in time were used for the taxonomic and functional profiling of their gut microbiome. The abundance of the KEGG orthology (KO) groups was subjected to univariate linear mixed models to assess the significance of the observed differences between 0 (pre-FMT), 1, 4, and 12 weeks after FMT. RESULTS Of the 59,987 KO groups identified by shotgun metagenomic sequencing, 27 demonstrated a statistically significant change after FMT. These KO groups are involved in many cellular processes, including iron homeostasis, glycerol metabolism, and arginine regulation, all of which have been implicated to play important roles in bacterial growth and virulence in addition to modulating the intestinal microbial composition. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest potential changes in key KO groups post-FMT, which may contribute to FMT efficacy beyond the restored microbial composition/diversity and metabolism of bile acids and short-chain fatty acids. Future larger studies that include a fecal metabolomics analysis combined with animal model validation work are required to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dahiya
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Juan Jovel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Tanya Monaghan
- National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Karen Wong
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Wael Elhenawy
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Linda Chui
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Finlay McAlister
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Dina Kao
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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Li L, Wang H, Dong S, Ma Y. Supplementation with alpha-glycerol monolaurate during late gestation and lactation enhances sow performance, ameliorates milk composition, and improves growth of suckling piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:47. [PMID: 37016429 PMCID: PMC10074715 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiological changes during lactation cause oxidative stress in sows, reduce immunity, and hamper the growth capacity of piglets. Alpha-glycerol monolaurate (α-GML) has potential for enhancing the antimicrobial activity of sows and the growth of suckling piglets. METHODS Eighty sows were allocated randomly to four groups: basal diet and basal diets supplemented with 500, 1000, or 2000 mg/kg α-GML. The experiment started on d 85 of gestation and lasted until piglets were weaned on d 21 of lactation. The number of live-born piglets was standardized to 12 ± 1 per sow on day of parturition. On d 0 and 21 of lactation, body weight of piglets was measured and milk samples were obtained from sows, and serum samples and feces from piglets were obtained on d 21. RESULTS Feed intake, backfat loss, and weaning estrus interval did not differ among the four groups of sows. Maternal α-GML supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the body weight of piglets at weaning and the apparent total tract digestibility of crude fat of sows. The immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G levels were greater (P < 0.05) in a quadratic manner in the milk of sows as dietary α-GML increased. Concerning fatty acid profile, C12:0, C15:0, C17:0, C18:2n6c, C18:3n3, C24:0, and C22:6n3 were higher (P < 0.05) in linear and quadratic manners in colostrum of sows-fed α-GML diets compared with the control sows. There was lower (P < 0.05) n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio in milk than in the control sows. Maternal α-GML increased the abundance of Firmicutes (P < 0.05) and decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria (P < 0.05) of piglet fecal microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Dietary supplementation with α-GML improved milk immunoglobulins and altered fatty acids of sows, thereby improving the health of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huakai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Integrated Serum Metabolome and Gut Microbiome to Decipher Chicken Amino Acid Improvements Induced by Medium-Chain Monoglycerides. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020208. [PMID: 36837827 PMCID: PMC9966585 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chicken muscle yield and amino acid composition improvements with medium-chain monoglyceride (MG) supplementation were reported by previous studies, but the underlying mechanism was uncertain. This study aimed to decipher chicken amino acid improvements induced by medium-chain monoglycerides in the views of metabolomics, gene expression, and the gut microbiome. Newly hatched chicks (12,000 chicks) were weighed and randomly divided into two flocks, each with six replicates (1000 chicks per replicate), and fed a basal diet (the control group, CON) or a basal diet enriched with 300 mg/kg MG (the treated group, MG). Results demonstrated that MGs significantly increased the chicken flavor and essential and total amino acids. The serum amino acids and derivatives (betaine, l-leucine, l-glutamine, 1-methylhistide), as well as amino acid metabolism pathways in chickens, were enhanced by MG supplementation. Gene expression analysis exhibited that dietary MGs could improve muscle protein synthesis and cell growth via the mTOR/S6K1 pathway. Dietary MGs enhanced the cecal amino acid metabolism by selectively increasing the proportion of genera Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Bacteroides. Conclusively, the present study demonstrated that dietary MGs improved chicken amino acid composition via increasing both gut amino acid utilization and muscle amino acid deposition.
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Effects of Glyceryl Monolaurate on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Oviduct Cytokines and Intestinal Microflora of 66 Weeks Old Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020215. [PMID: 36670755 PMCID: PMC9855180 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The principal purpose of this research was to study the effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the production performance; egg quality; health state of the oviduct, ovary and ileum; and gut microbiota of laying hens in the later stage. The laying hens were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group and an experiment group, for which 1000 mg/kg of GML was added to a control diet. The results showed that GML increased the laying rate, average egg weight, albumen height, yolk color and Haugh unit and decreased the feed conversion ratio and defective eggs (p < 0.05). GML increased the intestinal villi height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (p < 0.05). Moreover, GML improved the contents of cytokines in the oviduct, ovary and ileum mucosa; ameliorated the expression of TLR2, TLR4, MyD88, IL-4, IL-1β and TNF-α; and increased the expression of Occludin and Muc-2 in the ileal mucosa. The supplementation of GML increased the volatile fatty acids in the cecal contents, such as acetic acid and propionic acid, and up-regulated Bacteroides (p < 0.01) and Alistipes (p < 0.05) richness in the cecal contents. In summary, GML improved production performance, egg quality and immunity; ameliorated the health status of the oviduct, ovary and ileum; enhanced the intestinal barrier function; improved the content of intestinal volatile fatty acids; and regulated the abundance of cecal flora.
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Li X, Zhu D, Mao M, Wu J, Yang Q, Tan B, Chi S. Glycerol Monolaurate Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Flora Imbalance Caused by Salinity Changes for Juvenile Grouper. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121268. [PMID: 36557306 PMCID: PMC9784515 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Groupers with an initial body weight of 9.10 ± 0.03 g were selected to investigate whether dietary addition of 0 (G0) and 1800 mg/kg glycerol monolaurate (GML, G1800) could alleviate the oxidative stress response and intestinal flora imbalance after 0, 6, 12, and 24 h of salinity change in grouper. Experimental results show that the dietary addition of GML significantly reduced the liver MDA content and increased the SOD activity of grouper. The gene expression of CAT and SOD increased and then decreased with time after adding 1800 mg/kg GML, and the highest values were significantly higher than those of the control group. Salinity change had a slight effect on the top four intestinal flora composition of grouper at 0, 12, and 24 h, with changes occurring only at 6 h when Cyanobacteria replaced Actinobacteria. The addition of dietary GML slowed down the intestinal flora disorder, inhibited the colonization of harmful bacterium Vibrio, and promoted the abundance of beneficial bacterium Bacillus. In conclusion, dietary GML significantly reduced the oxidative damage caused by sudden changes in salinity, improved the antioxidant capacity, and alleviated the intestinal flora imbalance in juvenile grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehe Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Dongwenjun Zhu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Minling Mao
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jianwei Wu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Beiping Tan
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Wang H, Qi S, Mu X, Yuan L, Li Y, Qiu J. Bisphenol F induces liver-gut alteration in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:157974. [PMID: 35963407 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unease of consumers with bisphenol A has led to the increased industrial usage of bisphenol F (BPF), which is a new hazard to environmental health. Here, zebrafish were exposed to three BPF concentrations (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L) from the embryonic stage for 180 days. Results showed that zebrafish body length and weight decreased and hepatosomatic index values increased, even at environmentally relevant concentration. Histological analysis identified the occurrence of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in 5 and 50 μg/L groups, which indicated the liver injury caused by BPF. Based on the untargeted metabolomics results, a dose-dependent variation in the effects of BPF on liver metabolism was found, and amino acids, purines and one carbon metabolism were the main affected processes in the 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L treatments, respectively. At the same time, BPF induced a shift in intestinal microbiome composition, including decreased abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae, Rhodobacteraceae and Gemmobacter. In addition, the correlation analysis suggested an association between gut microbiome changes and affected hepatic metabolites after BPF exposure. These findings indicate that a liver-gut alteration is induced by long-term BPF exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyan Mu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Lilai Yuan
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingren Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Li X, Yi Y, Wu J, Yang Q, Tan B, Chi S. Effects of Plant-Derived Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) Additive on the Antioxidant Capacity, Anti-Inflammatory Ability, Muscle Nutritional Value, and Intestinal Flora of Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111089. [PMID: 36355172 PMCID: PMC9692394 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In a context where the search for plant-derived additives is a hot topic, glycerol monolaurate (GML) was chosen as our subject to study its effect on grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Seven gradient levels of GML (0, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3000, and 3600 mg/kg) were used for the experiment. Based on our experiments, 1800 mg/kg GML significantly increased the final body weight (FBW) and weight gain rate (WGR). GML increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA). Adding 1800 mg/kg GML also significantly increased the levels of lauric acid (C12:0) (LA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PFA), and the n-6 PFA-to-n-3/n-6 ratio, while significantly decreasing the levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Dietary supplementation with GML significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and reduced the occurrence of inflammation. GML improved intestinal flora and the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Bacillus, Psychrobacter, Acinetobacter, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Glutamicibacter). It provides a theoretical basis for the application of GML in aquafeed and greatly enhances the possibility of using GML in aquafeed. Based on the above experimental results, the optimum level of GML in grouper feed is 1800 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehe Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuanming Yi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiahua Wu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Beiping Tan
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Chen G, Peng Y, Huang Y, Xie M, Dai Z, Cai H, Dong W, Xu W, Xie Z, Chen D, Fan X, Zhou W, Kan X, Yang T, Chen C, Sun Y, Zeng X, Liu Z. Fluoride induced leaky gut and bloom of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum mediate the exacerbation of obesity in high-fat-diet fed mice. J Adv Res 2022:S2090-1232(22)00239-9. [PMID: 36341987 PMCID: PMC10403698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fluoride is widely presented in drinking water and foods. A strong relation between fluoride exposure and obesity has been reported. However, the potential mechanisms on fluoride-induced obesity remain unexplored. Objectives and methods The effects of fluoride on the obesity were investigated using mice model. Furthermore, the role of gut homeostasis in exacerbation of the obesity induced by fluoride was evaluated. Results The results showed that fluoride alone did not induce obesity in normal diet (ND) fed mice, whereas, it could trigger exacerbation of obesity in high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice. Fluoride impaired intestinal barrier and activated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling to induce obesity, which was further verified in TLR4-/- mice. Furthermore, fluoride could deteriorate the gut microbiota in HFD mice. The fecal microbiota transplantation from fluoride-induced mice was sufficient to induce obesity, while the exacerbation of obesity by fluoride was blocked upon gut microbiota depletion. The fluoride-induced bloom of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum was responsible for exacerbation of obesity. In addition, a potential strategy for prevention of fluoride-induced obesity was proposed by intervention with polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea. Conclusion Overall, these results provide the first evidence of a comprehensive cross-talk mechanism between fluoride and obesity in HFD fed mice, which is mediated by gut microbiota and intestinal barrier. E. ramosum was identified as a crucial mediator of fluoride induced obesity, which could be explored as potential target for prevention and treatment of obesity with exciting translational value.
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Li X, Ray GW, Kou S, Liang M, Yang Q, Tan B, Chi S. Glycerol monolaurate (GML), a medium-chain fatty acid derivative, ameliorate growth performance, immune function, disease resistance and intestinal microbiota in juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:634-643. [PMID: 35987502 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the growth performance, immunology function, disease resistance and intestinal microbiota for hybrid groupers. Seven levels of GML (0, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3000 and 3600 mg/kg) were added to diets and were noted as the G1 (control group), G2, G3, G4, G5, G6 and G7, respectively. Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of 30 juvenile groupers for 8 weeks. The FBW, WGR and SGR were significantly higher and FCR was significantly lower in the G4 group compared to the G1 group (P < 0.05). Serum immune enzyme activities (ACP, AKP and LZM) rose and then fell and had the highest values in the G4 group (P < 0.05). The expression of TNF-α and IL6 in head kidney was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05), while the expression of TLR22 was increased (P < 0.05). After the Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge test, ACP and AKP activities were increased in the G4 and G5 groups, while mortality was lower than in the G1 group (P < 0.05). GML significantly modulated the abundance of intestinal microbiota, with the G4 and G5 groups increasing the relative abundance of the Firmicutes and Bacillus, respectively (P < 0.05). The alpha diversity of the G5 group (Sob, Chao1 and ACE) was significantly higher than that of the G1 group (P < 0.05). In summary, the optimal level of GML was 1700 mg/kg according to the regression equation model fitted by the WGR index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehe Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Gyan Watson Ray
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Shiyu Kou
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Mingning Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Qihui Yang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China.
| | - Beiping Tan
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
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Xie C, Zhu X, Xu B, Niu Y, Zhang X, Ma L, Yan X. Integrated analysis of multi-tissues lipidome and gut microbiome reveals microbiota-induced shifts on lipid metabolism in pigs. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 10:280-293. [PMID: 35785254 PMCID: PMC9234070 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is very important for meat quality in pigs. Accumulating evidence shows that gut microbiota can contribute to this physiological process. However, the gut microbiota that function in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis remains unclear. Here, we compared the characteristics of fat deposition and gut microbial community between Laiwu pigs and Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) (DLY) pigs. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed to determine the possible impact of gut microbiota on lipid metabolism in pigs. An integrated analysis of the gut microbiome and lipidome of the small intestine, plasma, and liver was conducted to investigate the effects of FMT on host lipid metabolism. The comparative analysis of the gut microbiome showed higher abundance of Bacteroidetes (P = 0.0018) while lower abundance of Firmicutes (P = 0.012) in Laiwu pigs, and the microbial composition can be transferred from Laiwu pigs into DLY pigs. Transmission electron microscope and Oil red-O staining were performed to analyze the effects of FMT on lipid deposition in liver, the main target organ for lipid metabolism. The results showed that FMT significantly increased the number of lipid droplets (P = 0.0035) and lipid accumulation (P = 0.0026) in liver. Furthermore, integrated multi-tissues lipidome analysis demonstrated that the fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids were significantly increased (P < 0.01) in intestine and liver, while glycerolipids and fatty acyls were reduced (P < 0.01) in plasma. In the small intestine, FMT increased (P < 0.01) the relative abundance of polyketides and prenol lipids but reduced (P < 0.01) the saccharolipids. Correlation analysis revealed the potential interactions between microbiota and lipid metabolites. Together, our results indicated that the gut microbiota may regulate the lipid metabolism and enhance the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver of pigs.
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Kong L, Wang Z, Xiao C, Zhu Q, Song Z. Glycerol monolaurate attenuated immunological stress and intestinal mucosal injury by regulating the gut microbiota and activating AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-challenged broilers. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 10:347-359. [PMID: 35919246 PMCID: PMC9307562 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immunological stress and intestinal mucosal injury in broilers and its underlying mechanisms. A total of 144 one-d-old Arbor Acres broilers were allocated to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement involving dietary treatment (0 or 1,200 mg/kg dietary GML) and LPS challenge (injected with saline or Escherichia coli LPS on d 16, 18, and 20). Samples were collected on d 21. The results revealed that dietary GML augmented serum immunoglobulin A (P = 0.009) and immunoglobulin G (P < 0.001) levels in challenged birds. Dietary GML normalized LPS-induced variations in serum interleukin-6, interferon-gamma, and LPS levels (P < 0.05), jejunal villus height (P = 0.030), and gene expression of interleukin-6, macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha, Toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor kappa-B, caspase-1, tight junction proteins, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha 1 (AMPKα1), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and superoxide dismutase-1 (P < 0.05). GML supplementation ameliorated LPS-induced peroxidation by reducing malondialdehyde content and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (P < 0.05). Dietary GML enhanced the abundances of Anaerostipes, Pseudoflavonifractor, and Gordonibacter and reduced the proportion of Phascolarctobacterium in challenged birds. Dietary GML was positively correlated with alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and AMPKα1, Nrf2, and zonula occludens-1 expressions. The genera Anaerostipes, Lachnospira, Gordonibacter, Lachnospira, Marvinbryantia, Peptococcus, and Pseudoflavonifractor were linked to attenuated inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity of challenged birds. In conclusion, dietary GML alleviated LPS-induced immunological stress and intestinal injury of broilers by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Dietary GML regulated cecal microbiota and activated the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in LPS-challenged broilers.
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25
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He KJ, Dong JH, Ouyang XM, Huo YN, Cheng XS, Lin Y, Li Y, Gong G, Liu J, Ren JL, Guleng B. Glycerol monolaurate ameliorates DSS-induced acute colitis by inhibiting infiltration of Th17, neutrophils, macrophages and altering the gut microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:911315. [PMID: 36034889 PMCID: PMC9413164 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.911315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) places a heavy medical burden on countries and families due to repeated and prolonged attacks, and the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing worldwide. Therefore, finding an effective treatment is a matter of great urgency. Glycerol monolaurate (GML), which has a twelve-carbon chain, is a compound naturally found in human breast milk. Some studies have shown that GML has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the specific mechanism of action remains unclear. Methods Acute colitis was established in mice using 3% DSS, and glycerol monolaurate (500 mg·kg-1) was administered for two weeks. QPCR and western blotting were performed to examine the inflammatory status. Mice described were subjected to flow cytometry analysis for immune cell activation. Results GML treated alleviated macroscopic symptoms such as shortened colons, increased spleen weight, and caused weight loss in mice with DSS-induced colitis. In addition, GML decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (NF-α, IL-1β and IL-1α) and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and TGF-β). GML inhibited the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways, improved tissue damage, and increased the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. In addition, LPMCs extracted from intestinal tissue via flow cytometry showed that GML treatment led to a decrease of Th17 cells, Neutrophils and Macrophages. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that GML increased the abundance of commensal bacterium such as Akkermansia and Lactobacillus murinus. Conclusions We showed that oral administration of GML ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting infiltration of Th17 cells, Neutrophils, and Macrophages, protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier and altered the abundance of commensal bacterium. This study provides new insights into the biological function and therapeutic potential of GML in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jie He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Jia-Hui Dong
- Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ya-Ni Huo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Shen Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yue Li
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoyu Gong
- Cancer Research Center and Institute of Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian-Lin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bayasi Guleng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Cancer Research Center and Institute of Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Polymyxin B in Combination with Glycerol Monolaurate Exerts Synergistic Killing against Gram-Negative Pathogens. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080874. [PMID: 36014995 PMCID: PMC9413120 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens pose a serious danger to worldwide human health, and resistance to last-resort drugs, such as polymyxins, is being increasingly detected in MDR Gram-negative pathogens. There is an urgent need to find and optimize combination therapies as an alternative therapeutic strategy, with a dry pipeline in novel antibiotic research and development. We found a monoester formed from the combination of lauric acid and glycerol, glycerol monolaurate (GML), possessing prominent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. However, it is still unclear whether GML in combination could increase antimicrobial activity. Here, we reported that polymyxin B (PMNB) combined with GML exhibited a synergistic antimicrobial impact on Gram-negative strains in vitro, including clinical MDR isolates. This synergistic antimicrobial activity correlated with the destruction of bacterial cell structures, eradication of preformed biofilms, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. We also showed that PMNB synergized with GML effectively eliminated pathogens from bacterial pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae to rescue mice. Our research demonstrated that the PMNB and GML combination induced synergistic antimicrobial activity for Gram-negative pathogens in vitro and in vivo. These findings are of great importance for treating bacterial infections and managing the spread of infectious diseases.
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Liu C, Zhan S, Tian Z, Li N, Li T, Wu D, Zeng Z, Zhuang X. Food Additives Associated with Gut Microbiota Alterations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Friends or Enemies? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153049. [PMID: 35893902 PMCID: PMC9330785 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the 21st century, the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally. Despite the pathogenesis of IBD remaining largely unclear, the interactions between environmental exposure, host genetics and immune response contribute to the occurrence and development of this disease. Growing evidence implicates that food additives might be closely related to IBD, but the involved molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Food additives may be categorized as distinct types in accordance with their function and property, including artificial sweeteners, preservatives, food colorant, emulsifiers, stabilizers, thickeners and so on. Various kinds of food additives play a role in modifying the interaction between gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation. Therefore, this review comprehensively synthesizes the current evidence on the interplay between different food additives and gut microbiome alterations, and further elucidates the potential mechanisms of food additives–associated microbiota changes involved in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiguang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (N.L.); (T.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Shukai Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (N.L.); (T.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhenyi Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China;
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (N.L.); (T.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (N.L.); (T.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Dongxuan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (N.L.); (T.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhirong Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (N.L.); (T.L.); (D.W.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaojun Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (N.L.); (T.L.); (D.W.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (X.Z.)
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28
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Yu Y, Ren X, Cao L, Liang Q, Xiao M, Cheng J, Nan S, Zhu C, Kong Q, Fu X, Mou H. Complete‐Genome
Sequence and
in vitro
Probiotic Characteristics Analysis of
Bifidobacterium pseudolongum
YY
‐26. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2599-2617. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Xinmiao Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Linyuan Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Qingping Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Mengshi Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Jiaying Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Shihao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University
| | - Changliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Qing Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Xiaodan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China‐Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
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Changes in the Mucosa-Associated Microbiome and Transcriptome across Gut Segments Are Associated with Obesity in a Metabolic Syndrome Porcine Model. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0071722. [PMID: 35862956 PMCID: PMC9430857 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00717-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, which is the most common cause of death worldwide, especially in developed countries. The link between obesity and gut mucosa-associated microbiota is unclear due to challenges associated with the collection of intestinal samples from humans.
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30
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Liu W, Luo X, Liu T, Feng F. Study on the digestive characteristics of short-and medium-chain fatty acid structural lipid and its rapid intervention on gut microbes: In vivo and in vitro studies. Food Chem 2022; 380:131792. [PMID: 35086734 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Structuring is a feasible scheme to improve lipids' value. Here, SBL and SLBL (C4-C12 structural lipids) were obtained through enzymatic ester-ester transesterification or acidolysis interesterification using glyceryl tributyrate/glyceryl tridodecanoate and lauric acid/glyceryl tributyrate as raw materials, respectively. The digestive characteristics of SBL and SLBL were investigated in vitro and in vivo, meanwhile, their effects on gut microbes were studied. Compared with their corresponding triglyceride physical mixture, SBL possessed an ideal butyric acid sustained-release effect in simulated stomach digestion. Moreover, the sustained-release effect of SLBL on glycerol monolaurate (GML) was revealed both in vivo and in vitro, while this effect of the SBL was obviously occurred in small intestine. SBL significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and SLBL promoted the growth of Clostridiales within 24 h. Overall, both SBL and SLBL showed ideal sustained-release effects on GML rather than butyric acid, which may lead to positive changes in gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxin Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xianliang Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science & ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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31
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Meng H, Song J, Li Y, Li X, Li X, Gou J, Nie Z, Wang J, Zheng Y, Wang M. Monascus vinegar protects against liver inflammation in high-fat-diet rat by alleviating intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and enteritis. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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32
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Yan X, Zhai Y, Zhou W, Qiao Y, Guan L, Liu H, Jiang J, Peng L. Intestinal Flora Mediates Antiobesity Effect of Rutin in High-Fat-Diet Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100948. [PMID: 35616308 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Intestinal flora plays a critical role in the development of . Rutin is a natural flavonoid with potential prebiotic effects on regulating the intestinal flora composition that is beneficial for host health. Therefore, this study hypothesizes that rutin supplementation has beneficial effects on high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic disorder through the modulation of intestinal flora in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS The obesity-alleviating property of rutin using 6-week-old C57BL/6J male mice fed on HFD with or without rutin supplementation for 16 weeks is investigated. Rutin supplementation effectively reduces body-weight gain, insulin resistance, and acted favorably on the intestinal barrier, thereby reducing endotoxemia and systemic inflammation. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes from fecal samples indicate that rutin exerted modulatory effects on HFD-induced intestinal flora disorders (e.g., rutin decreased Firmicutes abundance and increased Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia abundance). Antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation further demonstrate that the salutary effects of rutin on obesity control are strongly dependent on the intestinal flora. CONCLUSION Rutin can be considered as a prebiotic agent for improving intestinal flora disorders and obesity-associated metabolic perturbations in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhai
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenling Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuan Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lingling Guan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jizhi Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071002, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
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Tu P, Tang Q, Wang M, Chen W, Ye X, Zheng X. Protective role of bayberry extract: associations with gut microbiota modulation and key metabolites. Food Funct 2022; 13:5547-5558. [PMID: 35476043 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04253j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is inextricably intertwined with the onset and development of metabolic diseases. Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota has received much attention in recent years; however, currently there are still few effective approaches. Polyphenols extracted from fruits protect against metabolic disorders, and this effect is associated with the gut microbiota. We aimed to investigate the metabolic impact of bayberry extract cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and its associations with changes in the gut microbiota. Based on C57BL/6 and db/db mouse models, combined with 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and metabolomic profiling, we found that C3G administration reduced weight gain and fasting blood glucose levels. More importantly, C3G significantly modulated the gut microbiota including its composition, diversity and functional pathways. A distinct metabolite profile in addition to alterations of key metabolites was observed probably resulting from changes in the gut bacterial composition and metabolic pathways induced by C3G administration. This study may provide evidence for the missing link in mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of poorly absorbed dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Tu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Jiangxi Agricultural Engineering College, Zhangshu 331200, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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Differential modulations of lauric acid and its glycerides on High fat diet-induced metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Glycerol monolaurate beyond an emulsifier: Synthesis, in vivo fate, food quality benefits and health efficacies. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Liu T, Guo L, Zhangying Y, Ruan S, Liu W, Zhang X, Feng F. Dietary medium-chain 1-monoglycerides modulates the community and function of cecal microbiota of broilers. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2242-2252. [PMID: 34622457 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medium-chain monoglycerides (MGs) are a group of 1-monoglycerides of medium-chain fatty acids with strong antibacterial activity, which may influence the gut microbiota in the diet of broilers. The present study evaluated the effects of mixed MGs on the community and function of gut microbiota in broilers. A total of 528 newly hatched male yellow feathered broiler chicks were weighed and randomly assigned into four groups, including a basal diet (CON), a basal diet containing 300 mg kg-1 MG (MG300), 450 mg kg-1 MG (MG450), or 600 mg kg-1 MG (MG600). RESULTS The cecal acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid and total short-chain fatty acid of broilers in the MG-containing groups were notably increased compared with the CON group. Dietary MG selectively increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae, Bacteroides and an unclassified genus of Lachnospiraceae family, but decreased the proportion of an unclassified genus of Barnesiellaceae and a norank genus of Flavobacteriaceae family in the cecum of broilers. Functional prediction revealed that MG supplementation enriched the microbial gene abundance of amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism, while depleted the gene abundance of fat metabolism and energy metabolism. Moreover, the modulation of gut microbiota by MG supplementation was closely correlated with the alteration of muscle amino acids. CONCLUSION Dietary MGs altered the gut microbiota community structure and metabolites, and modulated the gene abundance of microbial metabolism pathways in the cecum of broilers, which may further influence the growth performance, nutrient utilization and meat quality of the host. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Longyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangyong Guo
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhangying
- ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyue Ruan
- ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wangxin Liu
- ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Li L, Wang H, Zhang N, Zhang T, Ma Y. Effects of α-glycerol monolaurate on intestinal morphology, nutrient digestibility, serum profiles, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6528997. [PMID: 35167667 PMCID: PMC8956132 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of α-glycerol monolaurate (α-GML) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum profiles, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota of weaned piglets. A total of 96 healthy 28-d-old (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned piglets with body weight of 8.34 ± 0.05 kg were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups with 6 replicate pens and 8 piglets per pen. The control group was fed a basal diet and the experimental group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg α-GML. The experiment lasted for 28 d. Dietary supplementation with α-GML had no effect on average daily gain, average daily feed intake, or gain to feed ratio in piglets (P > 0.05); however, it reduced (P < 0.05) diarrhea rate of piglets on days 15 to 28. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and gross energy (GE) on day 14, and DM, organic matter, CP, EE, and GE on day 28 increased (P < 0.05) with α-GML supplementation. Moreover, higher (P < 0.05) glutathione peroxidase activity and interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentration, and lower (P < 0.05) malondialdehyde and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were observed in piglets supplemented with α-GML compared with the control group on day 14. Compared with the control group, the villus height/crypt depth in the duodenum and villus height in the jejunum and ileum were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the α-GML group. Dietary α-GML supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Firmicutes, while decreasing (P < 0.05) Bacteroidota and Campilobacterota in the cecal contents; significantly increased (P < 0.05) the relative proportion of Lactobacillus and Blautia species, reduced (P < 0.05) Eubacterium_rectale_ATCC_33656, Campylobacter, and uncultured_bacterium_Alloprevotella species. Thus, dietary α-GML supplementation at 1,000 mg/kg reduces diarrhea rate, improves intestinal morphology, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, and immune status, and ameliorates gut microbiota in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huakai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongxi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China,Corresponding author:
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Food Additives, a Key Environmental Factor in the Development of IBD through Gut Dysbiosis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010167. [PMID: 35056616 PMCID: PMC8780106 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a key environmental factor in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and, at the same time, represents one of the most promising therapies for IBD. Our daily diet often contains food additives present in numerous processed foods and even in dietary supplements. Recently, researchers and national authorities have been paying much attention to their toxicity and effects on gut microbiota and health. This review aims to gather the latest data focusing on the potential role of food additives in the pathogenesis of IBDs through gut microbiota modulation. Some artificial emulsifiers and sweeteners can induce the dysbiosis associated with an alteration of the intestinal barrier, an activation of chronic inflammation, and abnormal immune response accelerating the onset of IBD. Even if most of these results are retrieved from in vivo and in vitro studies, many artificial food additives can represent a potential hidden driver of gut chronic inflammation through gut microbiota alterations, especially in a population with IBD predisposition. In this context, pending the confirmation of these results by large human studies, it would be advisable that IBD patients avoid the consumption of processed food containing artificial food additives and follow a personalized nutritional therapy prescribed by a clinical nutritionist.
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Virseda-Berdices A, Brochado-Kith O, Díez C, Hontañon V, Berenguer J, González-García J, Rojo D, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Ibañez-Samaniego L, Llop-Herrera E, Olveira A, Perez-Latorre L, Barbas C, Rava M, Resino S, Jiménez-Sousa MA. Blood microbiome is associated with changes in portal hypertension after successful direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 77:719-726. [PMID: 34888660 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a significant decrease in hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) have a considerable reduction of liver complications and higher survival after HCV eradication. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between the baseline blood microbiome and the changes in HVPG after successful direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis. METHODS We performed a prospective study in 32 cirrhotic patients (21 HIV positive) with clinically significant portal hypertension (HVPG ≥10 mmHg). Patients were assessed at baseline and 48 weeks after HCV treatment completion. The clinical endpoint was a decrease in HVPG of ≥20% or HVPG <12 mmHg at the end of follow-up. Bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA was sequenced using MiSeq Illumina technology, inflammatory plasma biomarkers were investigated using ProcartaPlex immunoassays and the metabolome was investigated using GC-MS. RESULTS During the follow-up, 47% of patients reached the clinical endpoint. At baseline, those patients had a higher relative abundance of Corynebacteriales and Diplorickettsiales order, Diplorickettsiaceae family, Corynebacterium and Aquicella genus and Undibacterium parvum species organisms and a lower relative abundance of Oceanospirillales and Rhodospirillales order, Halomonadaceae family and Massilia genus organisms compared with those who did not achieve the clinical endpoint according to the LEfSe algorithm. Corynebacteriales and Massilia were consistently found within the 10 bacterial taxa with the highest differential abundance between groups. Additionally, the relative abundance of the Corynebacteriales order was inversely correlated with IFN-γ, IL-17A and TNF-α levels and the Massilia genus with glycerol and lauric acid. CONCLUSIONS Baseline-specific bacterial taxa are related to an HVPG decrease in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis after successful DAA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Virseda-Berdices
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Brochado-Kith
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Díez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Hontañon
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Medicina Interna-Unidad de VIH, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Berenguer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan González-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Medicina Interna-Unidad de VIH, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rojo
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Ibañez-Samaniego
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain
| | - Elba Llop-Herrera
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Olveira
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leire Perez-Latorre
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas/VIH, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón', Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rava
- Unidad de la Cohorte de la Red de Investigación en Sida (CoRIS), Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia (CNE), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Jiménez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Mo Q, Liu T, Fu A, Ruan S, Zhong H, Tang J, Zhao M, Li Y, Zhu S, Cai H, Feng F. Novel Gut Microbiota Patterns Involved in the Attenuation of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Mouse Colitis Mediated by Glycerol Monolaurate via Inducing Anti-inflammatory Responses. mBio 2021; 12:e0214821. [PMID: 34634946 PMCID: PMC8510546 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02148-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of immune-mediated chronic and relapsing inflammatory gastrointestinal symptoms. IBD cannot be completely cured because of the complex pathogenesis. Glycerol monolaurate (GML), naturally found in breast milk and coconut oil, has excellent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory functions. Here, the protective effect of GML on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis and the underlying gut microbiota-dependent mechanism were assessed in C57BL/6 mice pretreated or cotreated with GML and in antibiotic-treated mice transplanted with GML-modulated microbiota. Results showed that GML pretreatment has an advantage over GML cotreatment in alleviating weight loss and reducing disease activity index (DAI), colonic histological scores, and proinflammatory responses. Moreover, the amounts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and fecal propionic acid and butyric acid were elevated only in mice pretreated with GML upon DSS induction. Of note, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from GML-pretreated mice achieved faster and more significant remission of DSS-induced colitis, manifested as reduced DAI, longer colon, decreased histological scores, and enhanced colonic Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and ratio of serum anti-inflammatory/proinflammatory cytokines, as well as the reconstruction of microbial communities, including elevated Helicobacter ganmani and decreased pathogenic microbes. In conclusion, GML-mediated enhancement of Bifidobacterium and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) could be responsible for the anticolitis effect. FMT assay confirmed that gut microbiota modulated by GML was more resistant to DSS-induced colitis via elevating beneficial H. ganmani and establishing Treg tolerant phenotype. Importantly, colitis remission induced by GML is associated with novel gut microbiota patterns, even though different microbial contexts were involved. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota, which can be highly and dynamically affected by dietary components, is closely related to IBD pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that food-grade glycerol monolaurate (GML)-mediated enhancement of Bifidobacterium and fecal SCFAs could be responsible for the anticolitis effect. FMT assay confirmed that gut microbiota modulated by GML was more resistant to DSS-induced colitis via elevating beneficial H. ganmani and establishing Treg tolerant phenotype. Collectively, colitis remission induced by GML is associated with novel gut microbiota patterns, even though different microbial contexts were involved, which further provided a perspective to identify specific microbial members and those responsible for the anticolitis effect, such as Bifidobacterium and Helicobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufen Mo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aikun Fu
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengyue Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songming Zhu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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41
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Kong L, Wang Z, Xiao C, Zhu Q, Song Z. Glycerol Monolaurate Ameliorated Intestinal Barrier and Immunity in Broilers by Regulating Intestinal Inflammation, Antioxidant Balance, and Intestinal Microbiota. Front Immunol 2021; 12:713485. [PMID: 34630388 PMCID: PMC8496679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the impact of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on performance, immunity, intestinal barrier, and cecal microbiota in broiler chicks. A total of 360 one-day-old broilers (Arbor Acres) with an average weight of 45.7 g were randomly allocated to five dietary groups as follows: basal diet and basal diets complemented with 300, 600, 900, or 1200 mg/kg GML. Samples were collected at 7 and 14 days of age. Results revealed that feed intake increased (P < 0.05) after 900 and 1200 mg/kg GML were administered during the entire 14-day experiment period. Dietary GML decreased (P < 0.05) crypt depth and increased the villus height-to-crypt depth ratio of the jejunum. In the serum and jejunum, supplementation with more than 600 mg/kg GML reduced (P < 0.05) interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and malondialdehyde levels and increased (P < 0.05) the levels of immunoglobulin G, jejunal mucin 2, total antioxidant capacity, and total superoxide dismutase. GML down-regulate (P < 0.05) jejunal interleukin-1β and interferon-γ expression and increased (P < 0.05) the mRNA level of zonula occludens 1 and occludin. A reduced (P < 0.05) expression of toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor kappa-B was shown in GML-treated groups. In addition, GML modulated the composition of the cecal microbiota of the broilers, improved (P < 0.05) microbial diversity, and increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that the genera Barnesiella, Coprobacter, Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Odoriacter, and Parabacteroides were related to inflammation and intestinal integrity. In conclusion, GML ameliorated intestinal morphology and barrier function in broiler chicks probably by regulating intestinal immune and antioxidant balance, as well as intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglian Kong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Ageing, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Chuanpi Xiao
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Qidong Zhu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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42
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Zhang X, Tan L, Taxipalati M, Deng L. Fabrication and characterization of fast dissolving glycerol monolaurate microemulsion encapsulated gelatin nanofibers with antimicrobial activity. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5660-5670. [PMID: 33782974 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrospun fibers are a good candidate for the delivery of bioactive compounds in the food industry because of their advantages that include a tunable diameter, high porosity and a high specific surface area. In the present study, we fabricated gelatin/glycerol monolaurate (GML) microemulsion nanofibers by solubilizing GML in Tween-80 followed by mixing with gelatin solution for electrospinning. We hypothesized that the addition of GML microemulsions affects the properties of the gelatin solution and modifies the physical and antimicrobial properties of the resulting nanofibers. RESULTS Both pure gelatin solution and gelatin/GML microemulsions showed shear-thinning behavior. However, electrospinnability was not affected by the addition of GML microemulsions. A significantly higher average diameter of nanofibers (1147 nm) with 5% GML was observed compared to the gelatin fiber diameter of 560 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed hydrogen bonding between gelatin molecules and GML microemulsions. Thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction indicated an amorphous structure of gelatin/GML microemulsion nanofibers, although a small amount of crystalline GML existed in the nanofibers with high GML content. Gelatin/GML microemulsion nanofibers showed high thermal stability and improved hydrophilicity. Nanofibers with 5% GML (weight with respect to nanofiber) (D64 nanofibers) showed effective antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. CONCLUSION Gelatin/GML microemulsion nanofibrous films demonstrate superhydrophilicity and fast dissolution properties as a result of the high surface-to-volume ratio, amorphous structure and improved hydrophilicity of the nanofiber surface. The results indicate the potential application of gelatin/GML microemulsion nanofibrous films as edible antimicrobial food packaging. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Super-light Elastomer Materials of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Linzhi Tan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Super-light Elastomer Materials of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | | | - Lingli Deng
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Super-light Elastomer Materials of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
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43
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Ke S, Mitchell SJ, MacArthur MR, Kane AE, Sinclair DA, Venable EM, Chadaideh KS, Carmody RN, Grodstein F, Mitchell JR, Liu Y. Gut Microbiota Predicts Healthy Late-Life Aging in Male Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3290. [PMID: 34579167 PMCID: PMC8467910 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) extends lifespan and retards age-related chronic diseases in most species. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota has a pivotal role in host health and age-related pathological conditions. Yet, it is still unclear how CR and the gut microbiota are related to healthy aging. Here, we report findings from a small longitudinal study of male C57BL/6 mice maintained on either ad libitum or mild (15%) CR diets from 21 months of age and tracked until natural death. We demonstrate that CR results in a significantly reduced rate of increase in the frailty index (FI), a well-established indicator of aging. We observed significant alterations in diversity, as well as compositional patterns of the mouse gut microbiota during the aging process. Interrogating the FI-related microbial features using machine learning techniques, we show that gut microbial signatures from 21-month-old mice can predict the healthy aging of 30-month-old mice with reasonable accuracy. This study deepens our understanding of the links between CR, gut microbiota, and frailty in the aging process of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanlin Ke
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.K.); (F.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Sarah J. Mitchell
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Michael R. MacArthur
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Alice E. Kane
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.E.K.); (D.A.S.)
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.E.K.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Emily M. Venable
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (E.M.V.); (K.S.C.); (R.N.C.)
| | - Katia S. Chadaideh
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (E.M.V.); (K.S.C.); (R.N.C.)
| | - Rachel N. Carmody
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (E.M.V.); (K.S.C.); (R.N.C.)
| | - Francine Grodstein
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.K.); (F.G.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James R. Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Yangyu Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.K.); (F.G.)
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44
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Xia J, Yu P, Zeng Z, Ma M, Zhang G, Wan D, Gong D, Deng S, Wang J. Lauric Triglyceride Ameliorates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats by Reducing Lipogenesis and Increasing Lipolysis and β-Oxidation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9157-9166. [PMID: 33433211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) are found in limited foods. In these medium-chain oil resources, the abundance of lauric acid (LA) is the highest among medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), and its effects on lipid metabolism in obese rats have not been well-studied. This study aimed to determine the anti-obesity effects and mechanisms of lauric triglyceride (LT) in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. LA and glycerin were used to synthesize LT, then LT was used to treat obese rats for 12 weeks. The results showed that LT significantly reduced the body weight, body mass index, and Lee's index in obese rats. The mRNA expression levels of the anorexic neuropeptide POMC in the hypothalamus between the LT group and the other groups were not different, while the gene expression levels of the orexigenic neuropeptides NPY and AGRP decreased significantly in the LT group. Except serum cholesterol, LT improved the serum triglyceride metabolism in the obese rats and reduced adipocyte and hepatic lipid deposition. Moreover, LT inhibited the expression of lipogenesis-related genes and proteins (SREBP-1c, ACC1, and FASN) and increased the expression of lipolysis (ATGL, HSL, and LPL) and β-oxidation (PPARα, CPT-1a, and PCG-1α) related genes and proteins in the white fat and liver. Furthermore, LT increased the mRNA expression of mitochondrial-biosynthesis-related genes (SIRT1, NRF1, and TFAM) in the liver. The results indicated that LT ameliorates diet-induced obesity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Maomao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongman Wan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand
| | - Shuguang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85284, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
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45
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Wang J, Jiang H, Alhamoud Y, Chen Y, Zhuang J, Liu T, Cai L, Shen W, Wu X, Zheng W, Feng F. Integrated metabolomic and gene expression analyses to study the effects of glycerol monolaurate on flesh quality in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Food Chem 2021; 367:130749. [PMID: 34375886 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To improve the quality of cultured large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), this study was performed to study the impacts of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the nutritional value, growth performance, muscle texture, and taste intensity of L. crocea. The results showed that GML as a feed additive significantly increased the crude lipid content and reduced the diameters of muscle fibers, which in turn markedly altered the flesh texture in terms of cohesiveness. Moreover, the taste indicators (umami and richness) and flavor-related amino acid (glutamic acid, glycine, and proline) contents of L. crocea muscle were significantly higher in the GML group. Metabolomic and gene expression analyses showed that GML supplementation could significantly improve amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, promote protein and lipid synthesis, and activate myogenic-related signaling pathways of L. crocea. Consequently, adding an appropriate amount of GML to fish feed would be conducive to providing healthy, nutrient-rich and acceptably flavored aquatic-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huiqi Jiang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yasmin Alhamoud
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiachen Zhuang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Luyun Cai
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Xiongfei Wu
- Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Weiqiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde 352103, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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46
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Giron LB, Dweep H, Yin X, Wang H, Damra M, Goldman AR, Gorman N, Palmer CS, Tang HY, Shaikh MW, Forsyth CB, Balk RA, Zilberstein NF, Liu Q, Kossenkov A, Keshavarzian A, Landay A, Abdel-Mohsen M. Plasma Markers of Disrupted Gut Permeability in Severe COVID-19 Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686240. [PMID: 34177935 PMCID: PMC8219958 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A disruption of the crosstalk between the gut and the lung has been implicated as a driver of severity during respiratory-related diseases. Lung injury causes systemic inflammation, which disrupts gut barrier integrity, increasing the permeability to gut microbes and their products. This exacerbates inflammation, resulting in positive feedback. We aimed to test whether severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with markers of disrupted gut permeability. We applied a multi-omic systems biology approach to analyze plasma samples from COVID-19 patients with varying disease severity and SARS-CoV-2 negative controls. We investigated the potential links between plasma markers of gut barrier integrity, microbial translocation, systemic inflammation, metabolome, lipidome, and glycome, and COVID-19 severity. We found that severe COVID-19 is associated with high levels of markers of tight junction permeability and translocation of bacterial and fungal products into the blood. These markers of disrupted intestinal barrier integrity and microbial translocation correlate strongly with higher levels of markers of systemic inflammation and immune activation, lower levels of markers of intestinal function, disrupted plasma metabolome and glycome, and higher mortality rate. Our study highlights an underappreciated factor with significant clinical implications, disruption in gut functions, as a potential force that may contribute to COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila B Giron
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Harsh Dweep
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiangfan Yin
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Han Wang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | | | - Nicole Gorman
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Clovis S Palmer
- The Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Maliha W Shaikh
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Robert A Balk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Netanel F Zilberstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qin Liu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alan Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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Zhang J, Feng F, Zhao M. Glycerol Monocaprylate Modulates Gut Microbiota and Increases Short-Chain Fatty Acids Production without Adverse Effects on Metabolism and Inflammation. Nutrients 2021; 13:1427. [PMID: 33922631 PMCID: PMC8147114 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycerol monocaprylate (GMC) is a glycerol derivative of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and is widely used as a preservative in food processing. However, GMC and its hydrolytic acid (octylic acid) have antibacterial properties that may affect the physiology and intestinal microecology of the human body. Therefore, in this study, the effects of two different dosages of GMC (150 and 1600 mg kg-1) on glucose, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and intestinal microecology of normal diet-fed C57BL/6 mice were comprehensively investigated. The obtained results showed that the level of triglycerides (TGs) in the low-dose group down-regulated significantly, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) significantly increased, while the pro-inflammatory cytokines monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin 1beta (IL-1β) in the high-dose group were significantly decreased. Importantly, GMC promoted the α-diversity of gut microbiota in normal-diet-fed mice, regardless of dosages. Additionally, it was found that the low-dose treatment of GMC significantly increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, while the high-dose treatment of GMC significantly increased the abundance of SCFA-producers such as Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcus. Moreover, the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was significantly increased by GMC supplementation. Thus, our research provides a novel insight into the effects of GMC on gut microbiota and physiological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (F.F.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (F.F.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.Z.); (F.F.)
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
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48
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Xia J, Yu P, Zeng Z, Ma M, Zhang G, Wan D, Gong D, Deng S, Wang J. High Dietary Intervention of Lauric Triglyceride Might be Harmful to Its Improvement of Cholesterol Metabolism in Obese Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4453-4463. [PMID: 33844520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is often considered to be a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, and medium-chain fatty acids have been found to reduce the total cholesterol (TC) level and maintain low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) stability. However, we unexpectedly found that the levels of TC and LDL-c were increased in obese rats treated with high-dose lauric triglycerides (LT). The study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of LT on cholesterol metabolism in obese rats. Our results showed that LT intervention could reduce cholesterol biosynthesis by downregulating the expression of HMG-CoA reductase in obese rats. LT increased the expression levels of PPARγ1, LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG8 in the liver. These results indicated that LT could improve the lipid transfer and bile acid efflux. However, LT significantly increased the expression of PCSK 9, resulting in accelerated degradation of LDLR, thus reducing the transport of very LDL (VLDL) and LDL to the liver. Together with the increased expression of NPC1L1 protein, LT impaired the uptake of VLDL/LDL by the liver and increased the reabsorption of sterols, leading to an increase in the levels of TC and LDL-c in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Xia
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zheling Zeng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Maomao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Dongman Wan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand
| | - Shuguang Deng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85284, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Effects of α-glyceryl monolaurate on growth, immune function, volatile fatty acids, and gut microbiota in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100875. [PMID: 33516466 PMCID: PMC7936147 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary addition of α-glyceryl monolaurate (α-GML) on growth performance, immune function, volatile fatty acids production and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. A total of 480 1-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly assigned in equal numbers to 4 dietary treatments: basal diet (NCO) or supplementations with 30 mg/kg bacitracin (ANT), 500 mg/kg α-GML, or 1,000 mg/kg α-GML (GML2). And, each treatment contained 8 replicates with 15 chickens per replicate. After supplementation with α-GML, the total BW gain and average daily weight gain of broilers increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the broilers on the NCO diet. Moreover, compared with the NCO group, higher levels of immune globulin M and immune globulin Y were observed in both GML groups and the ANT group. Concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, and isovalerate in GML2 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in the NCO group on day 28. However, acetate, propionate, valerate, and isovalerate concentrations were reduced to significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those in the NCO group on day 56. The abundance and diversity of microbiota were found to be improved in broilers that were supplemented with GML, using operational taxonomic unit and diversity analyses. Furthermore, the GML treatments increased favorable microbiota, particularly acid-producing bacteria, on day 28 and, also, reduced opportunistic pathogens, such as Alistipes tidjanibacter and Bacteroides dorei by day 56. These results suggest that α-GML supplementation modulates cecal microbiota and broiler immunity and improves volatile fatty acid levels during the early growth stages of broilers.
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50
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Wu G, Shi Y, Han L, Feng C, Ge Y, Yu Y, Tang X, Cheng X, Sun J, Le GW. Dietary Methionine Restriction Ameliorated Fat Accumulation, Systemic Inflammation, and Increased Energy Metabolism by Altering Gut Microbiota in Middle-Aged Mice Administered Different Fat Diets. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7745-7756. [PMID: 32597175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Diet greatly influences gut microbiota. Dietary methionine restriction (MR) prevents and ameliorates age-related or high-fat-induced diseases and prolongs life span. This study aimed to reveal the impact of MR on gut microbiota in middle-aged mice with low-, medium-, high-fat diets. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups with different MR and fat-content diets. Multiple indicators of intestinal function, fat accumulation, energy consumption, and inflammation were measured. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze cecal microbiota. Our results indicated that MR considerably reduced the concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by upregulating the abundance of Corynebacterium and SCFA-producing bacteria Bacteroides, Faecalibaculum, and Roseburia and downregulating the LPS-producing or proinflammatory bacteria Desulfovibrio and Escherichia-Shigella. The effect of MR on LPS and SCFAs further reduced fat accumulation and systemic inflammation, enhanced heat production, and mediated the LPS/LBP/CD14/ TLR4 pathway to strength the intestinal mucosal immunity barrier in middle-aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Le Han
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chuanxing Feng
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yueting Ge
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yihao Yu
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiangrong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Guo-Wei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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