1
|
Tumas KC, Xu F, Wu J, Hernandez M, Pattaradilokrat S, Xia L, Peng YC, Lavali AM, He X, Singh BK, Zhang C, Percopo C, Qi CF, Huang S, Long CA, Su XZ. Dysfunction of CD169 + macrophages and blockage of erythrocyte maturation as a mechanism of anemia in Plasmodium yoelii infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311557120. [PMID: 37748059 PMCID: PMC10556621 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311557120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium parasites cause malaria with disease outcomes ranging from mild illness to deadly complications such as severe malarial anemia (SMA), pulmonary edema, acute renal failure, and cerebral malaria. In young children, SMA often requires blood transfusion and is a major cause of hospitalization. Malaria parasite infection leads to the destruction of infected and noninfected erythrocytes as well as dyserythropoiesis; however, the mechanism of dyserythropoiesis accompanied by splenomegaly is not completely understood. Using Plasmodium yoelii yoelii 17XNL as a model, we show that both a defect in erythroblastic island (EBI) macrophages in supporting red blood cell (RBC) maturation and the destruction of reticulocytes/RBCs by the parasites contribute to SMA and splenomegaly. After malaria parasite infection, the destruction of both infected and noninfected RBCs stimulates extramedullary erythropoiesis in mice. The continuous decline of RBCs stimulates active erythropoiesis and drives the expansion of EBIs in the spleen, contributing to splenomegaly. Phagocytosis of malaria parasites by macrophages in the bone marrow and spleen may alter their functional properties and abilities to support erythropoiesis, including reduced expression of the adherence molecule CD169 and inability to support erythroblast differentiation, particularly RBC maturation in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, macrophage dysfunction is a key mechanism contributing to SMA. Mitigating and/or alleviating the inhibition of RBC maturation may provide a treatment strategy for SMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keyla C. Tumas
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Fangzheng Xu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Jian Wu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Maricarmen Hernandez
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Sittiporn Pattaradilokrat
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Lu Xia
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410033, China
| | - Yu-chih Peng
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Angela Musu Lavali
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Xiao He
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Brajesh K. Singh
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Cui Zhang
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Caroline Percopo
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Chen-Feng Qi
- Pathology Core, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Suming Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA17033
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA17033
| | - Carole A. Long
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| | - Xin-zhuan Su
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Rockville, MD20852
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Onyango CO, Cheng Q, Munde EO, Raballah E, Anyona SB, McMahon BH, Lambert CG, Onyango PO, Schneider KA, Perkins DJ, Ouma C. Human NCR3 gene variants rs2736191 and rs11575837 alter longitudinal risk for development of pediatric malaria episodes and severe malarial anemia. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:542. [PMID: 37704951 PMCID: PMC10498606 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality in holoendemic transmission areas. Severe malarial anemia [SMA, hemoglobin (Hb) < 5.0 g/dL in children] is the most common clinical manifestation of severe malaria in such regions. Although innate immune response genes are known to influence the development of SMA, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in malaria pathogenesis remains largely undefined. As such, we examined the impact of genetic variation in the gene encoding a primary NK cell receptor, natural cytotoxicity-triggering receptor 3 (NCR3), on the occurrence of malaria and SMA episodes over time. METHODS Susceptibility to malaria, SMA, and all-cause mortality was determined in carriers of NCR3 genetic variants (i.e., rs2736191:C > G and rs11575837:C > T) and their haplotypes. The prospective observational study was conducted over a 36 mos. follow-up period in a cohort of children (n = 1,515, aged 1.9-40 mos.) residing in a holoendemic P. falciparum transmission region, Siaya, Kenya. RESULTS Poisson regression modeling, controlling for anemia-promoting covariates, revealed a significantly increased risk of malaria in carriers of the homozygous mutant allele genotype (TT) for rs11575837 after multiple test correction [Incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.540, 95% CI = 1.114-2.129, P = 0.009]. Increased risk of SMA was observed for rs2736191 in children who inherited the CG genotype (IRR = 1.269, 95% CI = 1.009-1.597, P = 0.041) and in the additive model (presence of 1 or 2 copies) (IRR = 1.198, 95% CI = 1.030-1.393, P = 0.019), but was not significant after multiple test correction. Modeling of the haplotypes revealed that the CC haplotype had a significant additive effect for protection against SMA (i.e., reduced risk for development of SMA) after multiple test correction (IRR = 0.823, 95% CI = 0.711-0.952, P = 0.009). Although increased susceptibility to SMA was present in carriers of the GC haplotype (IRR = 1.276, 95% CI = 1.030-1.581, P = 0.026) with an additive effect (IRR = 1.182, 95% CI = 1.018-1.372, P = 0.029), the results did not remain significant after multiple test correction. None of the NCR3 genotypes or haplotypes were associated with all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Variation in NCR3 alters susceptibility to malaria and SMA during the acquisition of naturally-acquired malarial immunity. These results highlight the importance of NK cells in the innate immune response to malaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clinton O Onyango
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
| | - Qiuying Cheng
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Elly O Munde
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Science, Kirinyaga University, Kerugoya, Kenya
| | - Evans Raballah
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Samuel B Anyona
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Benjamin H McMahon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Christophe G Lambert
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Patrick O Onyango
- Department of Zoology, School of Physical and Biological Sciences, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Kristan A Schneider
- Department Applied Computer- and Bio-Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Mittweida, Germany
| | - Douglas J Perkins
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya.
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Collins Ouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cimperman CK, Pena M, Gokcek SM, Theall BP, Patel MV, Sharma A, Qi C, Sturdevant D, Miller LH, Collins PL, Pierce SK, Akkaya M. Cerebral Malaria Is Regulated by Host-Mediated Changes in Plasmodium Gene Expression. mBio 2023; 14:e0339122. [PMID: 36852995 PMCID: PMC10127683 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03391-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM), the deadliest complication of Plasmodium infection, is a complex and unpredictable disease. However, our understanding of the host and parasite factors that cause CM is limited. Using a mouse model of CM, experimental CM (ECM), we performed a three-way comparison between ECM-susceptible C57BL/6 mice infected with ECM-causing Plasmodium ANKA parasites [ANKA(C57BL/6)], ECM-resistant BALB/c mice infected with Plasmodium ANKA [ANKA(BALB/c)], and C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium NK65 that does not cause ECM [NK65(C57BL/6)]. All ANKA(C57BL/6) mice developed CM. In contrast, in ANKA(BALB/c) and NK65(C57BL/6), infections do not result in CM and proceed similarly in terms of parasite growth, disease course, and host immune response. However, parasite gene expression in ANKA(BALB/c) was remarkably different than that in ANKA(C57BL/6) but similar to the gene expression in NK65(C57BL/6). Thus, Plasmodium ANKA has an ECM-specific gene expression profile that is activated only in susceptible hosts, providing evidence that the host has a critical influence on the outcome of infection. IMPORTANCE Hundreds of thousands of lives are lost each year due to the brain damage caused by malaria disease. The overwhelming majority of these deaths occur in young children living in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus far, there are no vaccines against this deadly disease, and we still do not know why fatal brain damage occurs in some children while others have milder, self-limiting disease progression. Our research provides an important clue to this problem. Here, we showed that the genetic background of the host has an important role in determining the course and the outcome of the disease. Our research also identified parasite molecules that can potentially be targeted in vaccination and therapy approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare K. Cimperman
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Mirna Pena
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Sohret M. Gokcek
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brandon P. Theall
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Meha V. Patel
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Anisha Sharma
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - ChenFeng Qi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Sturdevant
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Louis H. Miller
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick L. Collins
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Susan K. Pierce
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Munir Akkaya
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang W, Cui N, Su F, Wang Y, Yang B, Sun Y, Guan W, Kuang H, Wang Q. Comprehensive Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology to Explore the Mechanism of 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural in the Treatment of Blood Deficiency Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:811331. [PMID: 35310893 PMCID: PMC8931835 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.811331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Rehmanniae (RR, from Radix Rehmanniae (Gaertn.) DC.) is a natural medicine used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) since ancient times for the treatment of blood disorders. RR is steamed to get Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RP), which has a tonic effect on blood; the content of 5-hydromethylfurfural (5-HMF) increases more than four times after steaming. Studies have shown that 5-HMF has positive pharmacological effects on cardiovascular and hematological disorders. This study aimed to explore and verify the impact of 5-HMF on rats with chemotherapy-induced blood deficiency syndrome (BDS). Rats were given cyclophosphamide (CP) and acetophenhydrazine (APH) to induce BDS, the coefficients of some organs (liver, spleen, and kidney) were measured, and a routine blood test examined the coefficients of several peripheral blood cells. Metabolomics and network pharmacology were combined to find important biomarkers, targets, and pathways. Western blot was used to detect the expression of CYP17A1 and HSD3B1 proteins in the spleen. All these findings suggested that the 5-HMF significantly increased the number of peripheral blood cells and reversed splenomegaly in rats. In addition, 5-HMF upregulated CYP17A1 and HSD3B1 protein expression in splenic tissues. Also, 5-HMF ameliorated chemotherapy-induced BDS in rats, and its therapeutic mechanism might depend on steroid hormone biosynthesis and other pathways. It acts on blood deficiency via multiple targets and pathways, which is unique to Chinese medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wensen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Na Cui
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Fazhi Su
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Haixue Kuang, ; Qiuhong Wang,
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Haixue Kuang, ; Qiuhong Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gaston RT, Ramroop S, Habyarimana F. Joint modelling of malaria and anaemia in children less than five years of age in Malawi. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06899. [PMID: 34027150 PMCID: PMC8121655 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria and anaemia jointly remain a public health problem in developing countries of which Malawi is one. Although there is an improvement along with intervention strategies in fighting against malaria and anaemia in Malawi, the two diseases remain significant problems, especially in children 6-59 months of age. The main objective of this study was to examine the association between malaria and anaemia. Moreover, the study investigated whether socio-economic, geographic, and demographic factors had a significant impact on malaria and anaemia. DATA AND METHODOLOGY The present study used a secondary cross-sectional data set from the 2017 Malawi Malaria Indicator Survey (MMIS) with a total number of 2 724 children 6-9 months of age. The study utilized a multivariate joint model within the ambit of the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to analyse the data. The two response variables for this study were: the child has either malaria or anaemia. RESULTS The prevalence of malaria was 37.2% of the total number of children who were tested using an RDT, while 56.9% were anaemic. The results from the multivariate joint model under GLMM indicated a positive association between anaemia and malaria. Furthermore, the same results showed that mother's education level, child's age, the altitude of the place of residence, place of residence, toilet facility, access to electricity and children who slept under a mosquito bed net the night before the survey had a significant effect on malaria and anaemia. CONCLUSION The study indicated that there is a strong association between anaemia and malaria. This is interpreted to indicate that controlling for malaria can result in a reduction of anaemia. The socio-economic, geographical and demographic variables have a significant effect on improving malaria and anaemia. Thus, improving health care, toilet facilities, access to electricity, especially in rural areas, educating the mothers of children and increasing mosquito bed nets would contribute in the reduction of malaria and anaemia in Malawi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rugiranka Tony Gaston
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
- Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X01, Westville, 3629, South Africa
| | - Shaun Ramroop
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| | - Faustin Habyarimana
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Opoka RO, Conroy AL, Waiswa A, Wasswa R, Tumwine JK, Karamagi C, John CC. Severe Anemia Is Associated with Systemic Inflammation in Young Children Presenting to a Tertiary Hospital in Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 103:2574-2580. [PMID: 32901609 PMCID: PMC7695059 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of inflammation in severe anemia (SA) in African children has not been well characterized. We conducted a study to evaluate risk factors for SA in young children admitted at a tertiary unit in Uganda. Clinical, infectious, and micronutrient risk factors for anemia, along with markers of inflammation, were evaluated in children aged < 5 years in Jinja Hospital, Uganda. Participants included 284 children with SA (Hemoglobin [Hb] < 5.0 g/dL), and two control groups: 63 children admitted with acute illness without SA (Hb > 9.3 g/dL) and 53 asymptomatic community control children. Appropriate logistic analysis was performed to determine factors associated with SA. Of the 284 children with SA, 36.5% had Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia, 32.7% had blackwater fever (one of the types of severe malaria), and 15.5% had vitamin B12 deficiency. HIV infection, bacteremia, hookworm infection, severe acute malnutrition, and folate deficiency were relatively uncommon (each accounting for < 8%). Factors independently associated with SA compared with the combined control groups included (adjusted odds ratio [OR]; 95% CI) the following: P. falciparum parasitemia (OR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.4-13.8), total white blood count (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1-1.4), C-reactive protein (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3-2.4), and ferritin (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.9-4.0). In this area of Uganda, malaria and markers of inflammation were independently associated with SA in children. Additional studies are required to determine the role of inflammation in children with SA in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert O. Opoka
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Andrea L. Conroy
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ali Waiswa
- Nalufenya Children’s Ward, Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Jinja, Uganda
| | - Ronald Wasswa
- Global Health Uganda (GHU) Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - James K. Tumwine
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Charles Karamagi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Chandy C. John
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Conteh S, Kolasny J, Robbins YL, Pyana P, Büscher P, Musgrove J, Butler B, Lambert L, Gorres JP, Duffy PE. Dynamics and Outcomes of Plasmodium Infections in Grammomys surdaster ( Grammomys dolichurus) Thicket Rats versus Inbred Mice. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 103:1893-1901. [PMID: 32815499 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations of malaria infection are often conducted by studying rodent Plasmodium species in inbred laboratory mice, but the efficacy of vaccines or adjunctive therapies observed in these models often does not translate to protection in humans. This raises concerns that mouse malaria models do not recapitulate important features of human malaria infections. African woodland thicket rats (Grammomys surdaster) are the natural host for the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei and the suspected natural host for Plasmodium vinckei vinckei. Previously, we reported that thicket rats are highly susceptible to diverse rodent parasite species, including P. berghei, Plasmodium yoelii, and Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi, and are a more stringent model to assess the efficacy of whole-sporozoite vaccines than laboratory mice. Here, we compare the course of infection and virulence with additional rodent Plasmodium species, including various strains of P. berghei, P. yoelii, P. chabaudi, and P. vinckei, in thicket rats versus laboratory mice. We present evidence that rodent malaria parasite growth typically differs between the natural versus nonnatural host; G. surdaster limit infection by multiple rodent malaria strains, delaying and reducing peak parasitemia compared with laboratory mice. The course of malaria infection in thicket rats varied depending on parasite species and strain, resulting in self-cure, chronic parasitemia, or rapidly lethal infection, thus offering a variety of rodent malaria models to study different clinical outcomes in the natural host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Conteh
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jacqueline Kolasny
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yvette L Robbins
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pati Pyana
- Department of Parasitology, Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Philippe Büscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Parasite Diagnostics, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Javonn Musgrove
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brandi Butler
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lynn Lambert
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - John Patrick Gorres
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patrick E Duffy
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology (LMIV), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Brown BJ, Manescu P, Przybylski AA, Caccioli F, Oyinloye G, Elmi M, Shaw MJ, Pawar V, Claveau R, Shawe-Taylor J, Srinivasan MA, Afolabi NK, Rees G, Orimadegun AE, Ajetunmobi WA, Akinkunmi F, Kowobari O, Osinusi K, Akinbami FO, Omokhodion S, Shokunbi WA, Lagunju I, Sodeinde O, Fernandez-Reyes D. Data-driven malaria prevalence prediction in large densely populated urban holoendemic sub-Saharan West Africa. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15918. [PMID: 32985514 PMCID: PMC7522256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 200 million malaria cases globally lead to half-million deaths annually. The development of malaria prevalence prediction systems to support malaria care pathways has been hindered by lack of data, a tendency towards universal "monolithic" models (one-size-fits-all-regions) and a focus on long lead time predictions. Current systems do not provide short-term local predictions at an accuracy suitable for deployment in clinical practice. Here we show a data-driven approach that reliably produces one-month-ahead prevalence prediction within a densely populated all-year-round malaria metropolis of over 3.5 million inhabitants situated in Nigeria which has one of the largest global burdens of P. falciparum malaria. We estimate one-month-ahead prevalence in a unique 22-years prospective regional dataset of > 9 × 104 participants attending our healthcare services. Our system agrees with both magnitude and direction of the prediction on validation data achieving MAE ≤ 6 × 10-2, MSE ≤ 7 × 10-3, PCC (median 0.63, IQR 0.3) and with more than 80% of estimates within a (+ 0.1 to - 0.05) error-tolerance range which is clinically relevant for decision-support in our holoendemic setting. Our data-driven approach could facilitate healthcare systems to harness their own data to support local malaria care pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biobele J Brown
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,African Computational Sciences Centre for Health and Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Petru Manescu
- African Computational Sciences Centre for Health and Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alexander A Przybylski
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Fabio Caccioli
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gbeminiyi Oyinloye
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Muna Elmi
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Michael J Shaw
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Vijay Pawar
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Remy Claveau
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - John Shawe-Taylor
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mandayam A Srinivasan
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nathaniel K Afolabi
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Geraint Rees
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adebola E Orimadegun
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Wasiu A Ajetunmobi
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Francis Akinkunmi
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka Kowobari
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Osinusi
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Felix O Akinbami
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Omokhodion
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Wuraola A Shokunbi
- Department of Haematology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ikeoluwa Lagunju
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,African Computational Sciences Centre for Health and Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olugbemiro Sodeinde
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,African Computational Sciences Centre for Health and Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Delmiro Fernandez-Reyes
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. .,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. .,African Computational Sciences Centre for Health and Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. .,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hojo-Souza NS, de Azevedo PO, de Castro JT, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Lieberman J, Junqueira C, Gazzinelli RT. Contributions of IFN-γ and granulysin to the clearance of Plasmodium yoelii blood stage. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008840. [PMID: 32913355 PMCID: PMC7482970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
P. vivax-infected Retics (iRetics) express human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I), are recognized by CD8+ T cells and killed by granulysin (GNLY) and granzymes. However, how Plasmodium infection induces MHC-I expression on Retics is unknown. In addition, whether GNLY helps control Plasmodium infection in vivo has not been studied. Here, we examine these questions using rodent infection with the P. yoelii 17XNL strain, which has tropism for Retics. Infection with P. yoelii caused extramedullary erythropoiesis, reticulocytosis and expansion of CD8+CD44+CD62L- IFN-γ-producing T cells that form immune synapses with iRetics. We now provide evidence that MHC-I expression by iRetic is dependent on IFN-γ-induced transcription of IRF-1, MHC-I and β2-microglobulin (β2-m) in erythroblasts. Consistently, CTLs from infected wild type (WT) mice formed immune synapses with iRetics in an IFN-γ- and MHC-I-dependent manner. When challenged with P. yoelii 17XNL, WT mice cleared parasitemia and survived, while IFN-γ KO mice remained parasitemic and all died. β2-m KO mice that do not express MHC-I and have virtually no CD8+ T cells had prolonged parasitemia, and 80% survived. Because mice do not express GNLY, GNLY-transgenic mice can be used to assess the in vivo importance of GNLY. Parasite clearance was accelerated in GNLY-transgenic mice and depletion of CD8+ T cells ablated the GNLY-mediated resistance to P. yoelii. Altogether, our results indicate that in addition to previously described mechanisms, IFN-γ promotes host resistance to the Retic-tropic P. yoelii 17XNL strain by promoting MHC-I expression on iRetics that become targets for CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and GNLY. CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are important for immune defense against intracellular pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria and parasites, and tumor surveillance. CTLs, which recognize peptide epitopes presented by MHC-I molecules expressed in nucleated cells, become activated and kill infected target cells by releasing the contents of cytotoxic granules into the immunological synapse. Since most Plasmodium spp. infect erythrocytes that are enucleated and do not express MHC-I, the role of CD8+ T cells in the blood-stage of malaria has been neglected. We recently showed that P. vivax-infected reticulocytes express MHC-I and are killed in a manner dependent on granulysin (GNLY), a cytotoxic granule effector protein. However, the protective role of CD8+ T cells is controversial and the role of GNLY in vivo remains to be demonstrated. Here, we show that CTLs and GNLY mediate mouse resistance to blood-stage infection with P. yoelii, a rodent malaria parasite that preferably infects reticulocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Júlia Teixeira de Castro
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Judy Lieberman
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RTG); (CJ); (JL)
| | - Caroline Junqueira
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RTG); (CJ); (JL)
| | - Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States of America
- Plataforma de Medicina Translacional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (RTG); (CJ); (JL)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Y, Li X, Li A, Li K, Qin X. UHPLC Q-Exactive MS-based spleen metabolomics and lipidomics to explore the effect mechanisms of Danggui Buxue Decoction in anemia mice. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 185:113234. [PMID: 32171146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is often used to treat anemia in China. However, its underlying therapeutic mechanism is unclear. Through the analysis of body weight, spleen and thymus indexes, peripheral blood routine and pathological section of femur, it was obviously that DBD could significantly improve acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) + cyclophosphamide (CTX) induced anemia mice in the present work. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole - Exactive mass spectrometry (UHPLC Q-Exactive MS) based metabolomics and lipidomics was further utilized to screen out differential spleen metabolites associated with DBD treatment. A total of 26 differential metabolites including 8 polar metabolites and 18 lipids were firstly obtained to relate with anemia mice. 7 polar metabolites and 10 lipids among them were reversed by DBD, which the regulation of pyrimidine metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism were mainly associated to the anti-anemia effect of DBD based on MetaboAnalyst analysis. Through random forest analysis (RF), ROC analysis and pearson matrix correlation, three metabolites, cytosine, uracil and PC (o-16:1(9Z)/20:0), were further screened out as the potential pharmacodynamic biomarkers associated with the efficacy of DBD. This study provided a methodological reference for the study of the mechanism of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YueTao Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - XinQi Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - AiPing Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - XueMei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rivera-Correa J, Rodriguez A. Autoimmune Anemia in Malaria. Trends Parasitol 2020; 36:91-97. [PMID: 31864893 PMCID: PMC7101069 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Severe anemia is a major cause of death by malaria. The loss of uninfected erythrocytes is an important contributor to malarial anemia; however, the mechanisms underlying this pathology are not well understood. Malaria-induced anemia is related to autoimmune antibodies against the membrane lipid phosphatidylserine (PS). In mice, these antibodies induce the clearance of uninfected erythrocytes after binding to PS exposed in their membrane. In human malaria patients there is a strong correlation between anemia and anti-PS antibodies. During malaria, anti-PS antibodies are produced by atypical B cells, whose levels correlate with the development of anemia in patients. Autoimmune responses, which are documented frequently in different infections, contribute to the pathogenesis of malaria by inducing the clearance of uninfected erythrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rivera-Correa
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Current affiliations: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA; Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Raja AI, Brickley EB, Taaffe J, Ton T, Zhao Z, Bock KW, Orr-Gonzalez S, Thomas ML, Lambert LE, Moore IN, Duffy PE. A primate model of severe malarial anaemia: a comparative pathogenesis study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18965. [PMID: 31831787 PMCID: PMC6908728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe malarial anaemia (SMA) is the most common life-threatening complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection in African children. SMA is characterised by haemolysis and inadequate erythropoiesis, and is associated with dysregulated inflammatory responses and reduced complement regulatory protein levels (including CD35). However, a deeper mechanistic understanding of the pathogenesis requires improved animal models. In this comparative study of two closely related macaque species, we interrogated potential causal factors for their differential and temporal relationships to onset of SMA. We found that rhesus macaques inoculated with blood-stage Plasmodium coatneyi developed SMA within 2 weeks, with no other severe outcomes, whereas infected cynomolgus macaques experienced only mild/ moderate anaemia. The abrupt drop in haematocrit in rhesus was accompanied by consumption of haptoglobin (haemolysis) and poor reticulocyte production. Rhesus developed a greater inflammatory response than cynomolgus macaques, and had lower baseline levels of CD35 on red blood cells (RBCs) leading to a significant reduction in the proportion of CD35+ RBCs during infection. Overall, severe anaemia in rhesus macaques infected with P. coatneyi has similar features to SMA in children. Our comparisons are consistent with an association of low baseline CD35 levels on RBCs and of early inflammatory responses with the pathogenesis of SMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber I Raja
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth B Brickley
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Taaffe
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Timmy Ton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.,Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Kevin W Bock
- Comparative Medicine Branch, Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sachy Orr-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marvin L Thomas
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lynn E Lambert
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ian N Moore
- Comparative Medicine Branch, Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Patrick E Duffy
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaminski LC, Riehn M, Abel A, Steeg C, Yar DD, Addai-Mensah O, Aminkiah F, Owusu Dabo E, Jacobs T, Mackroth MS. Cytotoxic T Cell-Derived Granzyme B Is Increased in Severe Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2917. [PMID: 31921176 PMCID: PMC6918797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Plasmodium falciparum malaria, CD8+ T cells play a double-edged role. Liver-stage specific CD8+ T cells can confer protection, as has been shown in several vaccine studies. Blood-stage specific CD8+ T cells, on the other hand, contribute to the development of cerebral malaria in murine models of malaria. The role of CD8+ T cells in humans during the blood-stage of P. falciparum remains unclear. As part of a cross-sectional malaria study in Ghana, granzyme B levels and CD8+ T cells phenotypes were compared in the peripheral blood of children with complicated malaria, uncomplicated malaria, afebrile but asymptomatically infected children and non-infected children. Granzyme B levels in the plasma were significantly higher in children with febrile malaria than in afebrile children. CD8+ T cells were the main T cell subset expressing granzyme B. The proportion of granzyme B+ CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in children with complicated malaria than in uncomplicated malaria, whereas the activation marker CD38 on CD8+ T cells showed similar expression levels. This suggests a pathogenic role of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in the development of malaria complications in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathias Riehn
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annemieke Abel
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Steeg
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Denis Dekugmen Yar
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Otchere Addai-Mensah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Francis Aminkiah
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ellis Owusu Dabo
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Sophia Mackroth
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,Divisions of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, I. Medical Department, University Medical Centre Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Severe Case of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in a Pregnant Woman from Nigeria. Case Rep Infect Dis 2019; 2019:2630825. [PMID: 31772792 PMCID: PMC6854972 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2630825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human malaria has arguably affected more of human history than any other pathogen. Pregnant women have a higher risk of developing severe malaria as well as the risk of severe complications. We present a case of severe malaria in a pregnant patient from sub-Saharan Africa who was treated successfully with artesunate. A 28-year-old Nigerian woman with a 20-week intrauterine pregnancy presented with a five-day history of fever and diffuse joint pains. Evaluation of peripheral thin blood smear demonstrated a parasitemia of 9.8%. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit, and oral clindamycin/quinine was initiated until intravenous artesunate was obtained. The patient completed four doses of IV artesunate, and after the 4th dose of artesunate, no blood parasites were seen on peripheral smear. The patient was discharged home and, upon clinic follow-up, did not have any further complications associated with either her disease or therapy. A review on the treatment of severe malaria in all trimesters of pregnancy supports the WHO recommendation for intravenous artesunate as the drug of choice. This case illustrates the importance of recognizing malaria in pregnant women from endemic countries and shows that artesunate compounds can be used safely in pregnancy, particularly with high parasitemia.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rivera-Correa J, Mackroth MS, Jacobs T, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Rolling T, Rodriguez A. Atypical memory B-cells are associated with Plasmodium falciparum anemia through anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies. eLife 2019; 8:48309. [PMID: 31713516 PMCID: PMC6853636 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia is a common complication of malaria that is characterized by the loss of infected and uninfected erythrocytes. In mouse malaria models, clearance of uninfected erythrocytes is promoted by autoimmune anti-phosphatidylserine (PS) antibodies produced by T-bet+B-cells, which bind to exposed PS in erythrocytes, but the mechanism in patients is still unclear. In Plasmodium falciparum patients with anemia, we show that atypical memory FcRL5+T-bet+ B-cells are expanded and associate both with higher levels of anti-PS antibodies in plasma and with the development of anemia in these patients. No association of anti-PS antibodies or anemia with other B-cell subsets and no association of other antibody specificities with FcRL5+T-bet+ B-cells is observed, revealing high specificity in this response. We also identify FcRL5+T-bet+ B-cells as producers of anti-PS antibodies in ex vivo cultures of naïve human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with P.-falciparum-infected erythrocyte lysates. These data define a crucial role for atypical memory B-cells and anti-PS autoantibodies in human malarial anemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rivera-Correa
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Maria Sophia Mackroth
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thierry Rolling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Clinical Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wale N, Jones MJ, Sim DG, Read AF, King AA. The contribution of host cell-directed vs. parasite-directed immunity to the disease and dynamics of malaria infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:22386-22392. [PMID: 31615885 PMCID: PMC6825298 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908147116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hosts defend themselves against pathogens by mounting an immune response. Fully understanding the immune response as a driver of host disease and pathogen evolution requires a quantitative account of its impact on parasite population dynamics. Here, we use a data-driven modeling approach to quantify the birth and death processes underlying the dynamics of infections of the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi, and the red blood cells (RBCs) it targets. We decompose the immune response into 3 components, each with a distinct effect on parasite and RBC vital rates, and quantify the relative contribution of each component to host disease and parasite density. Our analysis suggests that these components are deployed in a coordinated fashion to realize distinct resource-directed defense strategies that complement the killing of parasitized cells. Early in the infection, the host deploys a strategy reminiscent of siege and scorched-earth tactics, in which it both destroys RBCs and restricts their supply. Late in the infection, a "juvenilization" strategy, in which turnover of RBCs is accelerated, allows the host to recover from anemia while holding parasite proliferation at bay. By quantifying the impact of immunity on both parasite fitness and host disease, we reveal that phenomena often interpreted as immunopathology may in fact be beneficial to the host. Finally, we show that, across mice, the components of the host response are consistently related to each other, even when infections take qualitatively different trajectories. This suggests the existence of simple rules that govern the immune system's deployment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wale
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
| | - Matthew J Jones
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Derek G Sim
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Andrew F Read
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Aaron A King
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Center for the Study of Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Suntararuks S, Worasuttayangkurn L, Akanimanee J, Suriyo T, Nookabkaew S, Srisamut N, Visitnonthachai D, Watcharasit P, Satayavivad J. Sodium arsenite exposure impairs B cell proliferation and enhances vascular inflammation in Plasmodium berghei mouse model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 66:7-13. [PMID: 30593951 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure has been linked to an impaired immune response and inflammation. Our study investigated the effects of sodium arsenite on host immune response and vascular inflammation during malarial infection. Mice were divided into three groups: control (C), Plasmodium berghei infection (I) and sodium arsenite exposure with Plasmodium berghei infection (As-I). The results showed that splenocyte proliferation stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was suppressed in the I group, and the suppression was more pronounced in the As-I group, suggesting that acquired immunity in infected mice was worsening following arsenic exposure. ICAM-1, an adhesion protein involved in parasite-infected red blood cell (iRBC) binding to endothelium, and HIF-1α, a hypoxia marker protein in the descending aorta, were increased in the As-I group compared to the I group. Collectively, our results suggest that arsenic may increase host susceptibility to malaria through suppression of B cell proliferation and enhancement of adhesion between iRBC and endothelium by increasing ICAM-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Suntararuks
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | | | - Jaratluck Akanimanee
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Tawit Suriyo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sumontha Nookabkaew
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Nujorn Srisamut
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | | | - Piyajit Watcharasit
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jutamaad Satayavivad
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abah SE, Burté F, Marquet S, Brown BJ, Akinkunmi F, Oyinloye G, Afolabi NK, Omokhodion S, Lagunju I, Shokunbi WA, Wahlgren M, Dessein H, Argiro L, Dessein AJ, Noyvert B, Hunt L, Elgar G, Sodeinde O, Holder AA, Fernandez-Reyes D. Low plasma haptoglobin is a risk factor for life-threatening childhood severe malarial anemia and not an exclusive consequence of hemolysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17527. [PMID: 30510258 PMCID: PMC6277387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Malarial Anemia (SMA), a life-threatening childhood Plasmodium falciparum malaria syndrome requiring urgent blood transfusion, exhibits inflammatory and hemolytic pathology. Differentiating between hypo-haptoglobinemia due to hemolysis or that of genetic origin is key to understand SMA pathogenesis. We hypothesized that while malaria-induced hypo-haptoglobinemia should reverse at recovery, that of genetic etiology should not. We carried-out a case-control study of children living under hyper-endemic holoendemic malaria burden in the sub-Saharan metropolis of Ibadan, Nigeria. We show that hypo-haptoglobinemia is a risk factor for childhood SMA and not solely due to intravascular hemolysis from underlying schizogony. In children presenting with SMA, hypo-haptoglobinemia remains through convalescence to recovery suggesting a genetic cause. We identified a haptoglobin gene variant, rs12162087 (g.-1203G > A, frequency = 0.67), to be associated with plasma haptoglobin levels (p = 8.5 × 10-6). The Homo-Var:(AA) is associated with high plasma haptoglobin while the reference Homo-Ref:(GG) is associated with hypo-haptoglobinemia (p = 2.3 × 10-6). The variant is associated with SMA, with the most support for a risk effect for Homo-Ref genotype. Our insights on regulatory haptoglobin genotypes and hypo-haptoglobinemia suggest that haptoglobin screening could be part of risk-assessment algorithms to prevent rapid disease progression towards SMA in regions with no-access to urgent blood transfusion where SMA accounts for high childhood mortality rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Eneọjọ Abah
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Florence Burté
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Sandrine Marquet
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm GIMP, Labex ParaFrap, Marseille, 13385, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Inserm Laboratoire TAGC/U1090, Marseille, 13288, France
| | - Biobele J Brown
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Francis Akinkunmi
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Gbeminiyi Oyinloye
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Nathaniel K Afolabi
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Omokhodion
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ikeoluwa Lagunju
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Wuraola A Shokunbi
- Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Haematology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mats Wahlgren
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hélia Dessein
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm GIMP, Labex ParaFrap, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Laurent Argiro
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm GIMP, Labex ParaFrap, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Alain J Dessein
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm GIMP, Labex ParaFrap, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Boris Noyvert
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Lilian Hunt
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Elgar
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Olugbemiro Sodeinde
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony A Holder
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Delmiro Fernandez-Reyes
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. .,Childhood Malaria Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. .,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Totino PRR, de Souza HADS, Correa EHC, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Ferreira-da-Cruz MDF. Eryptosis of non-parasitized erythrocytes is related to anemia in Plasmodium berghei low parasitema malaria of Wistar rats. Parasitol Res 2018; 118:377-382. [PMID: 30506514 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
It is known that premature elimination of non-parasitized RBCs (nRBCs) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of malarial anemia, in which suicidal death process (eryptosis) of nRBCs has been suggested to be involved. To check this possibility, we investigate eryptosis during infection of P. berghei ANKA in Wistar rats, a malaria experimental model that, similar to human malaria, the infection courses with low parasitemia and acute anemia. As expected, P. berghei ANKA infection was marked by low parasite burdens that reached a mean peak of 3% between days six and nine post-infection and solved spontaneously. A significant reduction of the hemoglobin levels (~ 30%) was also observed on days subsequent to the peak of parasitemia, persisting until day 16 post-infection. In eryptosis assays, it was observed a significant increase in the levels of PS-exposing nRBC, which coincided with the reduction of hemoglobin levels and was positively related to anemia. In addition to PS externalization, eryptosis of nRBC induced by P. berghei infection was characterized by cytoplasm calcium influx, but not caspases activity. These results confirm our previous studies evidencing a pro-eryptotic effect of malaria infection on nRBCs and show that a caspase-independent eryptotic process is implicated in anemia induced by P. berghei ANKA infection in Wistar rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Renato Rivas Totino
- Laboratory for Malaria Research, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cytotoxic CD8 + T cells recognize and kill Plasmodium vivax-infected reticulocytes. Nat Med 2018; 24:1330-1336. [PMID: 30038217 PMCID: PMC6129205 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax causes approximately 100 million
clinical malaria cases yearly1,2. The basis of protective
immunity is poorly understood and thought to be mediated by antibodies3,4. Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTLs)
protect against other intracellular parasites by detecting parasite peptides
presented by Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I (HLA-I) on host cells. CTLs kill
parasite-infected mammalian cells and intracellular parasites by releasing their
cytotoxic granules5,6. Perforin (PFN) delivers the
antimicrobial peptide granulysin (GNLY) and death-inducing granzymes (Gzm) into
the host cell, and GNLY then delivers Gzms into the parasite. CTLs were thought
to have no role against Plasmodium spp. blood stages because
red blood cells (RBCs) generally do not express HLA-I7. However, P. vivax
infects reticulocytes (Retics) that retain the protein translation machinery.
Here we show that P. vivax-infected Retics (iRetic) express
HLA-I. Infected patient circulating CD8+ T cells highly
express cytotoxic proteins and recognize and form immunological synapses with
iRetics in an HLA-dependent manner, releasing their cytotoxic granules to kill
both host cell and intracellular parasite, preventing reinvasion. iRetic and
parasite killing is PFN-independent, but depends on GNLY, which generally
efficiently forms pores only in microbial membranes8. We find that P. vivax
depletes cholesterol from the iRetic cell membrane, rendering it
GNLY-susceptible. This unexpected T cell defense might be mobilized to improve
P. vivax vaccine efficacy.
Collapse
|
21
|
Draheim M, Wlodarczyk MF, Crozat K, Saliou JM, Alayi TD, Tomavo S, Hassan A, Salvioni A, Demarta-Gatsi C, Sidney J, Sette A, Dalod M, Berry A, Silvie O, Blanchard N. Profiling MHC II immunopeptidome of blood-stage malaria reveals that cDC1 control the functionality of parasite-specific CD4 T cells. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1605-1621. [PMID: 28935714 PMCID: PMC5666312 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In malaria, CD4 Th1 and T follicular helper (TFH) cells are important for controlling parasite growth, but Th1 cells also contribute to immunopathology. Moreover, various regulatory CD4 T‐cell subsets are critical to hamper pathology. Yet the antigen‐presenting cells controlling Th functionality, as well as the antigens recognized by CD4 T cells, are largely unknown. Here, we characterize the MHC II immunopeptidome presented by DC during blood‐stage malaria in mice. We establish the immunodominance hierarchy of 14 MHC II ligands derived from conserved parasite proteins. Immunodominance is shaped differently whether blood stage is preceded or not by liver stage, but the same ETRAMP‐specific dominant response develops in both contexts. In naïve mice and at the onset of cerebral malaria, CD8α+ dendritic cells (cDC1) are superior to other DC subsets for MHC II presentation of the ETRAMP epitope. Using in vivo depletion of cDC1, we show that cDC1 promote parasite‐specific Th1 cells and inhibit the development of IL‐10+CD4 T cells. This work profiles the P. berghei blood‐stage MHC II immunopeptidome, highlights the potency of cDC1 to present malaria antigens on MHC II, and reveals a major role for cDC1 in regulating malaria‐specific CD4 T‐cell responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Draheim
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Myriam F Wlodarczyk
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Karine Crozat
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Michel Saliou
- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), CNRS UMR 8204, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France.,Plateforme de Protéomique et Peptides Modifiés (P3M), CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Tchilabalo Dilezitoko Alayi
- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), CNRS UMR 8204, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France.,Plateforme de Protéomique et Peptides Modifiés (P3M), CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stanislas Tomavo
- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), CNRS UMR 8204, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France.,Plateforme de Protéomique et Peptides Modifiés (P3M), CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ali Hassan
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anna Salvioni
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Claudia Demarta-Gatsi
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Interactions Hôte Parasites, Paris, France
| | - John Sidney
- La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marc Dalod
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Berry
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Silvie
- INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University of Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchard
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cardoso EM, Esgalhado AJ, Patrão L, Santos M, Neves VP, Martinez J, Patto MAV, Silva H, Arosa FA. Distinctive CD8 + T cell and MHC class I signatures in polycythemia vera patients. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:1563-1575. [PMID: 29789880 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by overproduction of red blood cells. We have performed a comprehensive characterization of blood immune cells for expression of naïve and memory receptors as well as β2m-associated and β2m-free MHC class I heavy chains, also known as closed and open conformers, respectively, in PV patients and age-matched controls (CTR). We show that the peripheral CD3+CD8+ T cell pool in PV patients is clearly divided into two discrete populations, a more granular CD3+CD8high T cell population enriched in effector-memory CD45RA+ T cells (CD8+ TEMRA) when compared to CTR (P < 0.001), and a less granular CD3+CD8int T cell population that is completely absent in the CTR group (78 vs. 0%, P < 0.001) and is a mixture of naïve (CD8+ TN) and CD8+ TEMRA cells expressing intermediate levels of CD28, i.e., CD3+CD8intCD28int. While the percentage of CD3+CD8int TN cells correlated positively with the number of erythrocytes, the percentage of CD3+CD8int TEMRA correlated negatively with the number of platelets. Finally, we report that PV patients' lymphocytes and monocytes display lower levels of closed (W6/32+) MHC-I conformers at the cell surface while exhibiting increased amounts of open (HC-10+) MHC-I conformers. The implications of this distinctive immune signature are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Cardoso
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.,FCS-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,IPG-Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
| | - André J Esgalhado
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís Patrão
- FCS-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,CHTV-Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Mónica Santos
- CHTV-Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge Martinez
- FCS-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,CHCB-Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Maria Assunção Vaz Patto
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.,FCS-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,ULSG-Unidade Local de Saúde, Guarda, Portugal
| | - Helena Silva
- CHTV-Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Fernando A Arosa
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal. .,FCS-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chaves YO, da Costa AG, Pereira MLM, de Lacerda MVG, Coelho-Dos-Reis JG, Martins-Filho OA, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Malheiro A, Monteiro WM, Orlandi PP, Marinho CRF, Nogueira PA. Immune response pattern in recurrent Plasmodium vivax malaria. Malar J 2016; 15:445. [PMID: 27581163 PMCID: PMC5007810 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium vivax is the causative agent of human malaria of large geographic distribution, with 35 million cases annually. In Brazil, it is the most prevalent species, being responsible by around 70 % of the malaria cases. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil), including 36 adult patients with primary malaria, 19 with recurrent malaria, and 20 endemic controls. The ex vivo phenotypic features of circulating leukocyte subsets (CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, NK, NKT, B, B1 and Treg cells) as well as the plasmatic cytokine profile (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF and IFN-γ) were assessed, aiming at establishing patterns of immune response characteristic of primary malaria vs recurrent malaria as compared to endemic controls. Results The proportion of subjects with high levels of WBC was reduced in malaria patients as compared to the endemic control. Monocytes were diminished particularly in patients with primary malaria. The proportion of subjects with high levels of all lymphocyte subsets was decreased in all malaria groups, regardless their clinical status. Decreased proportion of subjects with high levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells was found especially in the group of patients with recurrent malaria. Data analysis indicated significant increase in the proportion of the subjects with high plasmatic cytokine levels in both malaria groups, characterizing a typical cytokine storm. Recurrent malaria patients displayed the highest plasmatic IL-10 levels, that correlated directly with the CD4+/CD8+ T-cells ratio and the number of malaria episodes. Conclusion The findings confirm that the infection by the P. vivax causes a decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, which is intensified in the cases of “recurrent malaria”. The unbalanced CD4+/CD8+ T-cells ratio, as well as increased IL-10 levels were correlated with the number of recurrent malaria episodes. These results suggest that the gradual remodelling of the immune response is dependent on the repeated exposure to the parasite, which involves a strict control of the immune response mediated by the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell unbalance and exacerbated IL-10 secretion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1501-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yury Oliveira Chaves
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Allyson Guimarães da Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Departamento de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Luís Monteiro Pereira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de Lacerda
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jordana Grazziela Coelho-Dos-Reis
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriana Malheiro
- Departamento de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Claudio Romero Farias Marinho
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Nogueira
- Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dembele BPP, Chagan-Yasutan H, Niki T, Ashino Y, Tangpukdee N, Shinichi E, Krudsood S, Kano S, Hattori T. Plasma levels of Galectin-9 reflect disease severity in malaria infection. Malar J 2016; 15:403. [PMID: 27515948 PMCID: PMC4982308 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin that interacts with sugar moieties on glycoproteins and glycolipids of cells and pathogens. Gal-9 is known as an immune modulator that induces cell death via interaction with T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (Tim3), a co-inhibitory receptor, and it inhibits production of several pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6 and IL-1α) and enhances production of IL-10. To understand the immune pathology of malaria, the Gal-9 in plasma was measured. Methods Plasma samples and clinical parameters were obtained from 50 acute malaria cases (nine severe and 41 uncomplicated cases) from Thailand at three time points: day 0, day 7 and day 28. Gal-9 levels were determined by ELISA. A total of 38 species of cytokines and chemokines were measured using a BioPlex assay. Results Gal-9 levels were higher at day 0 compared to day 7 and day 28 (P < 0.0001). Gal-9 levels were also higher in severe malaria (SM) cases compared to uncomplicated (UM) cases at day 0 and day 7 (923 vs 617 pg/mL; P = 0.03, and 659 vs 348 pg/mL; P = 0.02 respectively). Median Gal-9 levels were higher in patients with blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BUN/creatinine) ≥20 (mg/dL) than in patients with BUN/creatinine <20 (mg/dL) at day 0 (817.3 vs 576.2 pg/mL, P = 0.007). Gal-9 was inversely significantly correlated with chloride levels in both SM and UM cases (rs = −0.73 and rs = −0.46, respectively). In both UM and SM cases, Gal-9 was significantly associated with pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as TNF, IL-6, IFN-α2, IFN-γ, IL-1Ra and IL-10. These correlations were observed at day 0 but disappeared at day 28. Conclusions Gal-9 is released during acute malaria, and reflects its severity. This elevation of Gal-9 in acute malaria infection raises the possibility of its role in termination of the immune response by binding to Tim-3, a receptor of Gal-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bindongo P P Dembele
- Division of International Cooperation for Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haorile Chagan-Yasutan
- Division of Disaster-related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Immunology, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan.,GalPharma Co., Ltd., Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yugo Ashino
- Division of Disaster-related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noppadon Tangpukdee
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Egawa Shinichi
- Division of International Cooperation for Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Srivicha Krudsood
- Clinical Malaria Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shigeyuki Kano
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Malaria, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Hattori
- Division of Disaster-related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. .,Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. .,Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Health Science Studies, Kibi International University, 8 Igamachi, Takahashi, Okayama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mourão LC, Roma PMDS, Sultane Aboobacar JDS, Medeiros CMP, de Almeida ZB, Fontes CJF, Agero U, de Mesquita ON, Bemquerer MP, Braga ÉM. Anti-erythrocyte antibodies may contribute to anaemia in Plasmodium vivax malaria by decreasing red blood cell deformability and increasing erythrophagocytosis. Malar J 2016; 15:397. [PMID: 27488382 PMCID: PMC4973037 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium vivax accounts for the majority of human malaria infections outside Africa and is being increasingly associated in fatal outcomes with anaemia as one of the major complications. One of the causes of malarial anaemia is the augmented removal of circulating non-infected red blood cells (nRBCs), an issue not yet fully understood. High levels of auto-antibodies against RBCs have been associated with severe anaemia and reduced survival of nRBCs in patients with falciparum malaria. Since there are no substantial data about the role of those antibodies in vivax malaria, this study was designed to determine whether or not auto-antibodies against erythrocytes are involved in nRBC clearance. Moreover, the possible immune mechanisms elicited by them that may be associated to induce anaemia in P. vivax infection was investigated. Methods Concentrations of total IgG were determined by sandwich ELISA in sera from clinically well-defined groups of P. vivax-infected patients with or without anaemia and in healthy controls never exposed to malaria, whereas the levels of specific IgG to nRBCs were determined by cell-ELISA. Erythrophagocytosis assay was used to investigate the ability of IgGs purified from each studied pooled sera in enhancing nRBC in vitro clearance by THP-1 macrophages. Defocusing microscopy was employed to measure the biomechanical modifications of individual nRBCs opsonized by IgGs purified from each group. Results Anaemic patients had higher levels of total and specific anti-RBC antibodies in comparison to the non-anaemic ones. Opsonization with purified IgG from anaemic patients significantly enhanced RBCs in vitro phagocytosis by THP-1 macrophages. Auto-antibodies purified from anaemic patients decreased the nRBC dynamic membrane fluctuations suggesting a possible participation of such antibodies in the perturbation of erythrocyte flexibility and morphology integrity maintenance. Conclusions These findings revealed that vivax-infected patients with anaemia have increased levels of IgG auto-antibodies against nRBCs and that their deposition on the surface of non-infected erythrocytes decreases their deformability, which, in turn, may enhance nRBC clearance by phagocytes, contributing to the anaemic outcome. These data provide insights into the immune mechanisms associated with vivax malaria anaemia and may be important to the development of new therapy and vaccine strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Carvalho Mourão
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ubirajara Agero
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Érika Martins Braga
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu X, Zeng B, Zhang J, Li W, Mou F, Wang H, Zou Q, Zhong B, Wu L, Wei H, Fang Y. Role of the Gut Microbiome in Modulating Arthritis Progression in Mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30594. [PMID: 27481047 PMCID: PMC4969881 DOI: 10.1038/srep30594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetics alone cannot explain most cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thus, investigating environmental factors such as the gut microbiota may provide new insights into the initiation and progression of RA. In this study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing to characterise the gut microbiota of DBA1 mice that did or did not develop arthritis after induction with collagen. We found that divergence in the distribution of microbiota after induction was pronounced and significant. Mice susceptible to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) showed enriched operational taxonomic units (OTUs) affiliated with the genus Lactobacillus as the dominant genus prior to arthritis onset. With disease development, the abundance of OTUs affiliated with the families Bacteroidaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and S24-7 increased significantly in CIA-susceptible mice. Notably, germ-free mice conventionalized with the microbiota from CIA-susceptible mice showed a higher frequency of arthritis induction than those conventionalized with the microbiota from CIA-resistant mice. Consistently, the concentration of the cytokine interleukin-17 in serum and the proportions of CD8+T cells and Th17 lymphocytes in the spleen were significantly higher in the former group, whereas the abundances of dendritic cells, B cells, and Treg cells in the spleen were significantly lower. Our results suggest that the gut microbiome influences arthritis susceptibility.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/microbiology
- Bacteria/classification
- Bacteria/genetics
- Collagen
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- Germ-Free Life
- Humans
- Interleukin-17/blood
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Benhua Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenxia Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangxiang Mou
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghua Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Like Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongfei Fang
- Department of Rheumatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Vainieri ML, Blagborough AM, MacLean AL, Haltalli MLR, Ruivo N, Fletcher HA, Stumpf MPH, Sinden RE, Celso CL. Systematic tracking of altered haematopoiesis during sporozoite-mediated malaria development reveals multiple response points. Open Biol 2016; 6:160038. [PMID: 27335321 PMCID: PMC4929935 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoiesis is the complex developmental process that maintains the turnover of all blood cell lineages. It critically depends on the correct functioning of rare, quiescent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and more numerous, HSC-derived, highly proliferative and differentiating haematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). Infection is known to affect HSCs, with severe and chronic inflammatory stimuli leading to stem cell pool depletion, while acute, non-lethal infections exert transient and even potentiating effects. Both whether this paradigm applies to all infections and whether the HSC response is the dominant driver of the changes observed during stressed haematopoiesis remain open questions. We use a mouse model of malaria, based on natural, sporozoite-driven Plasmodium berghei infection, as an experimental platform to gain a global view of haematopoietic perturbations during infection progression. We observe coordinated responses by the most primitive HSCs and multiple HPCs, some starting before blood parasitaemia is detected. We show that, despite highly variable inter-host responses, primitive HSCs become highly proliferative, but mathematical modelling suggests that this alone is not sufficient to significantly impact the whole haematopoietic cascade. We observe that the dramatic expansion of Sca-1(+) progenitors results from combined proliferation of direct HSC progeny and phenotypic changes in downstream populations. We observe that the simultaneous perturbation of HSC/HPC population dynamics is coupled with early signs of anaemia onset. Our data uncover a complex relationship between Plasmodium and its host's haematopoiesis and raise the question whether the variable responses observed may affect the outcome of the infection itself and its long-term consequences on the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Vainieri
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Andrew M Blagborough
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Adam L MacLean
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Myriam L R Haltalli
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Nicola Ruivo
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Michael P H Stumpf
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Robert E Sinden
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK Jenner Institute, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Cristina Lo Celso
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Horne-Debets JM, Karunarathne DS, Faleiro RJ, Poh CM, Renia L, Wykes MN. Mice lacking Programmed cell death-1 show a role for CD8(+) T cells in long-term immunity against blood-stage malaria. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26210. [PMID: 27217330 PMCID: PMC4877649 DOI: 10.1038/srep26210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Even after years of experiencing malaria, caused by infection with Plasmodium species, individuals still have incomplete immunity and develop low-density parasitemia on re-infection. Previous studies using the P. chabaudi (Pch) mouse model to understand the reason for chronic malaria, found that mice with a deletion of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1KO) generate sterile immunity unlike wild type (WT) mice. Here we investigated if the mechanism underlying this defect during acute immunity also impacts on long-term immunity. We infected WT and PD-1KO mice with Pch-malaria and measured protection as well as immune responses against re-infections, 15 or 20 weeks after the original infection had cleared. WT mice showed approximately 1% parasitemia compared to sterile immunity in PD-1KO mice on re-infection. An examination of the mechanisms of immunity behind this long-term protection in PD-1KO mice showed a key role for parasite-specific CD8+ T cells even when CD4+ T cells and B cells responded to re-infection. These studies indicate that long-term CD8+ T cell-meditated protection requires consideration for future malaria vaccine design, as part of a multi-cell type response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Horne-Debets
- The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Infectious Disease Programme, Queensland, 4029, Australia.,The School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Deshapriya S Karunarathne
- The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Infectious Disease Programme, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| | - Rebecca J Faleiro
- The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Infectious Disease Programme, Queensland, 4029, Australia.,The School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Chek Meng Poh
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 136648, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Laurent Renia
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 136648, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Michelle N Wykes
- The QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Infectious Disease Programme, Queensland, 4029, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ogunlesi T, Fetuga B, Olowonyo M, Adekoya A, Adetola O, Ajetunmobi A. Severe Childhood Anaemia and Blood Transfusion in a Nigerian Secondary Level Facility. J Trop Pediatr 2016; 62:107-15. [PMID: 26637271 PMCID: PMC4886115 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmv083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the pattern and immediate outcome of severe childhood anaemia requiring blood transfusion at a secondary level of care in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of children hospitalized in a secondary health facility in Ogun State, Nigeria, with packed cell volume <20% and who received blood transfusion was done. Of the 253 children admitted between March 2013 and June 2014, 79 (31.2%) had severe anaemia and were transfused with blood. Two-thirds had multiple transfusions. Higher rates of blood transfusion were obtained among underweight children. Fever (98.7%), hypoglycaemia (65.8%) and tender liver (54.4%) were the leading co-morbidities. The case fatality rate was 21.5%. Respiratory distress, convulsions and altered sensorium were significantly associated with mortality. In conclusion, severe anaemia was associated with major morbidities and mortality at the secondary level of paediatric care in Nigeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinuade Ogunlesi
- Department of Paediatrics, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Bolanle Fetuga
- Department of Paediatrics, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Michael Olowonyo
- Department of Paediatrics, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Adekoya
- Department of Paediatrics, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluseyi Adetola
- Department of Ophthalmology, State Hospital, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Adebimpe Ajetunmobi
- Department of Family Medicine, State Hospital, Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Naturally acquired immunity to the blood-stage of the malaria parasite develops slowly in areas of high endemicity, but is not sterilizing. It manifests as a reduction in parasite density and clinical symptoms. Immunity as a result of blood-stage vaccination has not yet been achieved in humans, although there are many animal models where vaccination has been successful. The development of a blood-stage vaccine has been complicated by a number of factors including limited knowledge of human-parasite interactions and which antigens and immune responses are critical for protection. Opinion is divided as to whether this vaccine should aim to accelerate the acquisition of responses acquired following natural exposure, or whether it should induce a different response. Animal and experimental human models suggest that cell-mediated immune responses can control parasite growth, but these responses can also contribute to significant immunopathology if unregulated. They are largely ignored in most blood-stage malaria vaccine development strategies. Here, we discuss key observations relating to cell-mediated immune responses in the context of experimental human systems and field studies involving naturally exposed individuals and how this may inform the development of a blood-stage malaria vaccine.
Collapse
|
31
|
Deroost K, Pham TT, Opdenakker G, Van den Steen PE. The immunological balance between host and parasite in malaria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2015; 40:208-57. [PMID: 26657789 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuv046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coevolution of humans and malaria parasites has generated an intricate balance between the immune system of the host and virulence factors of the parasite, equilibrating maximal parasite transmission with limited host damage. Focusing on the blood stage of the disease, we discuss how the balance between anti-parasite immunity versus immunomodulatory and evasion mechanisms of the parasite may result in parasite clearance or chronic infection without major symptoms, whereas imbalances characterized by excessive parasite growth, exaggerated immune reactions or a combination of both cause severe pathology and death, which is detrimental for both parasite and host. A thorough understanding of the immunological balance of malaria and its relation to other physiological balances in the body is of crucial importance for developing effective interventions to reduce malaria-related morbidity and to diminish fatal outcomes due to severe complications. Therefore, we discuss in this review the detailed mechanisms of anti-malarial immunity, parasite virulence factors including immune evasion mechanisms and pathogenesis. Furthermore, we propose a comprehensive classification of malaria complications according to the different types of imbalances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Deroost
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, London, NW71AA, UK
| | - Thao-Thy Pham
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe E Van den Steen
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Orf K, Cunnington AJ. Infection-related hemolysis and susceptibility to Gram-negative bacterial co-infection. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:666. [PMID: 26175727 PMCID: PMC4485309 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased susceptibility to co-infection with enteric Gram-negative bacteria, particularly non-typhoidal Salmonella, is reported in malaria and Oroya fever (Bartonella bacilliformis infection), and can lead to increased mortality. Accumulating epidemiological evidence indicates a causal association with risk of bacterial co-infection, rather than just co-incidence of common risk factors. Both malaria and Oroya fever are characterized by hemolysis, and observations in humans and animal models suggest that hemolysis causes the susceptibility to bacterial co-infection. Evidence from animal models implicates hemolysis in the impairment of a variety of host defense mechanisms, including macrophage dysfunction, neutrophil dysfunction, and impairment of adaptive immune responses. One mechanism supported by evidence from animal models and human data, is the induction of heme oxygenase-1 in bone marrow, which impairs the ability of developing neutrophils to mount a competent oxidative burst. As a result, dysfunctional neutrophils become a new niche for replication of intracellular bacteria. Here we critically appraise and summarize the key evidence for mechanisms which may contribute to these very specific combinations of co-infections, and propose interventions to ameliorate this risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Orf
- Section of Paediatrics, Imperial College London London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Perrin AJ, Bartholdson SJ, Wright GJ. P-selectin is a host receptor for Plasmodium MSP7 ligands. Malar J 2015; 14:238. [PMID: 26045295 PMCID: PMC4478713 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0750-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium parasites typically elicit a non-sterile but protective immune response in human host populations, suggesting that the parasites actively modulate normal immunological mechanisms. P-selectin is a cell surface receptor expressed in mammals, that is a known component of the inflammatory response against pathogens and has been previously identified as a host factor that influences malaria-associated pathology both in human patients and rodent infection models. METHODS To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of P-selectin in the pathogenesis of malaria, a systematic extracellular protein interaction screen was used to identify Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 7 (MSP7) as a binding partner of human P-selectin. This interaction, and those occurring between P-selectin and Plasmodium MSP7 homologues, was characterized biochemically. RESULTS Plasmodium falciparum MSP7 and P-selectin were shown to bind each other directly via the N-terminus of PfMSP7 and the P-selectin C-type lectin and EGF-like domains. Orthologous proteins in the murine parasite Plasmodium berghei (PbMSRP1 and PbMSRP2) and mouse P-selectin also interacted. Finally, P-selectin, when complexed with MSP7, could no longer bind to its endogenous carbohydrate ligand, Sialyl-Lewis(X). CONCLUSIONS Novel interactions were identified between Plasmodium MSP7 protein family members and host P-selectin receptors. Since PfMSP7 could prevent interactions between P-selectin and its leukocyte ligands, these results provide a possible mechanism for the known immunomodulatory effects of both MSP7 and P-selectin in malaria infection models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J Perrin
- Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory and Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - S Josefin Bartholdson
- Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory and Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Gavin J Wright
- Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory and Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|