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Freitas ADS, Barroso FAL, Campos GM, Américo MF, Viegas RCDS, Gomes GC, Vital KD, Fernandes SOA, Carvalho RDDO, Jardin J, Miranda APGDS, Ferreira E, Martins FS, Laguna JG, Jan G, Azevedo V, de Jesus LCL. Exploring the anti-inflammatory effects of postbiotic proteins from Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 on inflammatory bowel disease model. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134216. [PMID: 39069058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 is a promising health-promoting bacterium shown to alleviate intestinal inflammation. However, the specific bacterial components responsible for these effects remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that consuming extractable proteins from the CIDCA 133 strain effectively relieved acute ulcerative colitis in mice. This postbiotic protein fraction reduced the disease activity index and prevented colon shortening in mice. Furthermore, histological analysis revealed colitis prevention with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration into the colon mucosa. Postbiotic consumption also induced an immunomodulatory profile in colitic mice, as evidenced by both mRNA transcript levels (Tlr2, Nfkb1, Nlpr3, Tnf, and Il6) and cytokines concentration (IL1β, TGFβ, and IL10). Additionally, it enhanced the levels of secretory IgA, upregulated the transcript levels of tight junction proteins (Hp and F11r), and improved paracellular intestinal permeability. More interestingly, the consumption of postbiotic proteins modulated the gut microbiota (Bacteroides, Arkkemansia, Dorea, and Oscillospira). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that IL10 and IL1β levels were positively associated with Bacteroides and Arkkemansia_Lactobacillus abundance. Our study reveals that CIDCA 133-derived proteins possess anti-inflammatory properties in colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andria Dos Santos Freitas
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Munis Campos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Monique Ferrary Américo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Camargos Gomes
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kátia Duarte Vital
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Enio Ferreira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of General Pathology, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Santos Martins
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Microbiology, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Guimarães Laguna
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Vasco Azevedo
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Luís Cláudio Lima de Jesus
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Sävilammi T, Alakangas RR, Häyrynen T, Uusi-Heikkilä S. Gut Microbiota Profiling as a Promising Tool to Detect Equine Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2396. [PMID: 39199930 PMCID: PMC11350833 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal disorders are common and debilitating in horses, but their diagnosis is often difficult and invasive. Fecal samples offer a non-invasive alternative to assessing the gastrointestinal health of horses by providing information about the gut microbiota and inflammation. In this study, we used 16S sequencing to compare the fecal bacterial diversity and composition of 27 healthy horses and 49 horses diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We also measured fecal calprotectin concentration, a marker of intestinal inflammation, in healthy horses and horses with IBD. We found that microbiota composition differed between healthy horses and horses with IBD, although less than five percent of the variation in microbiota composition was explained by individual health status and age. Several differentially abundant bacterial taxa associated with IBD, age, or body condition were depleted from the most dominant Firmicutes phylum and enriched with the Bacteroidota phylum. An artificial neural network model predicted the probability of IBD among the test samples with 100% accuracy. Our study is the first to demonstrate the association between gut microbiota composition and chronic forms of IBD in horses and highlights the potential of using fecal samples as a non-invasive source of biomarkers for equine IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Sävilammi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.S.); (R.-R.A.)
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Rinna-Riikka Alakangas
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.S.); (R.-R.A.)
| | - Tuomas Häyrynen
- Laukaa Horse Hospital, Ravitie 4, 41330 Vihtavuori, Finland;
| | - Silva Uusi-Heikkilä
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; (T.S.); (R.-R.A.)
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3
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Urbauer E, Aguanno D, Mindermann N, Omer H, Metwaly A, Krammel T, Faro T, Remke M, Reitmeier S, Bärthel S, Kersting J, Huang Z, Xian F, Schmidt M, Saur D, Huber S, Stecher B, List M, Gómez-Varela D, Steiger K, Allez M, Rath E, Haller D. Mitochondrial perturbation in the intestine causes microbiota-dependent injury and gene signatures discriminative of inflammatory disease. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:1347-1364.e10. [PMID: 39013472 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). To understand how microbial-metabolic circuits contribute to intestinal injury, we disrupt mitochondrial function in the epithelium by deleting the mitochondrial chaperone, heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60Δ/ΔIEC). This metabolic perturbation causes self-resolving tissue injury. Regeneration is disrupted in the absence of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Hsp60Δ/ΔIEC;AhR-/-) involved in intestinal homeostasis or inflammatory regulator interleukin (IL)-10 (Hsp60Δ/ΔIEC;Il10-/-), causing IBD-like pathology. Injury is absent in the distal colon of germ-free (GF) Hsp60Δ/ΔIEC mice, highlighting bacterial control of metabolic injury. Colonizing GF Hsp60Δ/ΔIEC mice with the synthetic community OMM12 reveals expansion of metabolically flexible Bacteroides, and B. caecimuris mono-colonization recapitulates the injury. Transcriptional profiling of the metabolically impaired epithelium reveals gene signatures involved in oxidative stress (Ido1, Nos2, Duox2). These signatures are observed in samples from Crohn's disease patients, distinguishing active from inactive inflammation. Thus, mitochondrial perturbation of the epithelium causes microbiota-dependent injury with discriminative inflammatory gene profiles relevant for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Urbauer
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Doriane Aguanno
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Nora Mindermann
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Hélène Omer
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Amira Metwaly
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Tina Krammel
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Tim Faro
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Remke
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Reitmeier
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bärthel
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center and German Cancer Consortium, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute of Experimental Cancer Therapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Kersting
- Data Science in Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof Forum 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Zihua Huang
- Data Science in Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof Forum 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Feng Xian
- Systems Biology of Pain, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Schmidt
- Systems Biology of Pain, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Saur
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center and German Cancer Consortium, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute of Experimental Cancer Therapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Section of Molecular Immunology and Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bärbel Stecher
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Clinical Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner site LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus List
- Data Science in Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof Forum 3, 85354 Freising, Germany; Munich Data Science Institute (MDSI), Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - David Gómez-Varela
- Systems Biology of Pain, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthieu Allez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, INSERM UMRS 1160, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité University, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Eva Rath
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany; ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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4
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Jia L. Gut microbial dysbiosis and inflammation: Impact on periodontal health. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38991951 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is widely acknowledged as the most prevalent type of oral inflammation, arising from the dynamic interplay between oral pathogens and the host's immune responses. It is also recognized as a contributing factor to various systemic diseases. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiota can significantly alter the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. Researchers have delved into the links between periodontitis and systemic diseases through the "oral-gut" axis. However, whether the associations between periodontitis and the gut microbiota are simply correlative or driven by causative mechanistic interactions remains uncertain. This review investigates how dysbiosis of the gut microbiota impacts periodontitis, drawing on existing preclinical and clinical data. This study highlights potential mechanisms of this interaction, including alterations in subgingival microbiota, oral mucosal barrier function, neutrophil activity, and abnormal T-cell recycling, and offers new perspectives for managing periodontitis, especially in cases linked to systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Jia
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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5
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Khalaf R, Sciberras M, Ellul P. The role of the fecal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:00042737-990000000-00382. [PMID: 38973540 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The understanding of the potential role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is ever-evolving. Traditionally, the management of IBD has involved medical therapy and/or surgical intervention. IBD can be characterized by gut microbiome alterations through various pathological processes. Various studies delve into nontraditional methods such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplant and their potential therapeutic effects. Fecal microbiota transplant involves the delivery of a balanced composition of gut microorganisms into an affected patient via multiple possible routes and methods, while probiotics consist of live microorganisms given via the oral route. At present, neither method is considered first-line treatment, however, fecal microbiota transplant has shown potential success in inducing and maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. In a study by Kruis and colleagues, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 was considered to be equivalent to mesalamine in mild ulcerative colitis. Alteration of the microbiome in the management of Crohn's disease is less well defined. Furthermore, variation in the clinical usefulness of 5-aminosalicylic acid medication has been attributed, in part, to its acetylation and inactivation by gut microbes. In summary, our understanding of the microbiome's role is continually advancing, with the possibility of paving the way for personalized medicine based on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Khalaf
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Pierre Ellul
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
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6
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Li W, Huang Y, Tong S, Wan C, Wang Z. The characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: A systematic review. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116291. [PMID: 38581928 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the change in the intestinal microbiota varies between different studies. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the characteristics of the gut microbiota in PTB patients. The MBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were systematically searched, and the quality of the retrieved studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A total of 12 studies were finally included in the systematic review. Compared with healthy controls, the index reflecting α-diversity including the richness and/or diversity index decreased in 6 studies, while β-diversity presented significant differences in PTB patients in 10 studies. Although the specific gut microbiota alterations were inconsistent, short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (including Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcus, Blautia, Dorea, and Faecalibacterium), bacteria associated with an inflammatory state (e.g., Prevotellaceae and Prevotella), and beneficial bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacteriaceae and Bifidobacterium) were commonly noted. Our systematic review identifies key evidence for gut microbiota alterations in PTB patients, in comparison with healthy controls; however, no consistent conclusion could be drawn, due to the inconsistent results and heterogeneous methodologies of the enrolled studies. Therefore, more well-designed research with standard methodologies and large sample sizes is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China
| | - Yunfei Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China
| | - Chaomin Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China
| | - Zhiling Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China.
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Fu Y, Yuan P, Everaert N, Comer L, Jiang S, Jiao N, Huang L, Yuan X, Yang W, Li Y. Effects of Chinese Gallotannins on Antioxidant Function, Intestinal Health, and Gut Flora in Broilers Challenged with Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1915. [PMID: 38998028 PMCID: PMC11240627 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the protective effects of dietary Chinese gallotannins (CGT) supplementation against Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal injury in broilers. Four hundred and fifty healthy Arbor Acres broilers (one-day-old) were randomly divided into three groups: (1) basal diet (CON group), (2) basal diet with LPS challenge (LPS group), and (3) basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg CGT as well as LPS challenge (LPS+CGT group). The experiment lasted for 21 days. Intraperitoneal LPS injections were administered to broilers in the LPS group and the LPS+CGT group on days 17, 19, and 21 of the trial, whereas the CON group received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% physiological saline. Blood and intestinal mucosa samples were collected 3 h after the LPS challenge. The results showed that LPS administration induced intestinal inflammation and apoptosis and damaged small intestinal morphology and structure in broilers. However, dietary supplementation with CGT alleviated the deleterious effects on intestinal morphology and barrier integrity caused by the LPS challenge, while also reducing intestinal apoptosis and inflammation, enhancing intestinal antioxidant capacity, and increasing cecal microbial alpha diversity in the LPS-challenged broilers. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that a 300 mg/kg CGT addition could improve intestinal morphology and gut barrier structure, as well as maintaining bacterial homeostasis, in broilers exposed to LPS. This might partially be attributed to the reduced cell apoptosis, decreased inflammatory response, and enhanced antioxidant capacity in the small intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Panhe Street 7, Tai’an 271017, China; (Y.F.); (P.Y.); (S.J.); (N.J.); (L.H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Peng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Panhe Street 7, Tai’an 271017, China; (Y.F.); (P.Y.); (S.J.); (N.J.); (L.H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; (N.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Luke Comer
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; (N.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Shuzhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Panhe Street 7, Tai’an 271017, China; (Y.F.); (P.Y.); (S.J.); (N.J.); (L.H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Ning Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Panhe Street 7, Tai’an 271017, China; (Y.F.); (P.Y.); (S.J.); (N.J.); (L.H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Libo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Panhe Street 7, Tai’an 271017, China; (Y.F.); (P.Y.); (S.J.); (N.J.); (L.H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Xuejun Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61, Tai’an 271018, China;
| | - Weiren Yang
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Panhe Street 7, Tai’an 271017, China; (Y.F.); (P.Y.); (S.J.); (N.J.); (L.H.); (W.Y.)
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Panhe Street 7, Tai’an 271017, China; (Y.F.); (P.Y.); (S.J.); (N.J.); (L.H.); (W.Y.)
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; (N.E.); (L.C.)
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8
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Rohmann N, Stürmer P, Geisler C, Schlicht K, Knappe C, Hartmann K, Türk K, Hollstein T, Beckmann A, Seoudy AK, Becker U, Wietzke-Braun P, Settgast U, Tran F, Rosenstiel P, Beckmann JH, von Schönfels W, Seifert S, Heyckendorf J, Franke A, Schreiber S, Schulte DM, Laudes M. Effects of lifestyle and associated diseases on serum CC16 suggest complex interactions among metabolism, heart and lungs. J Adv Res 2024; 59:161-171. [PMID: 37330047 PMCID: PMC11081936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clara cell 16-kDa protein (CC16) is an anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory secreted pulmonary protein with reduced serum concentrations in obesity according to recent data. OBJECTIVE Studies focused solely on bodyweight, which does not properly reflect obesity-associated implications of the metabolic and reno-cardio-vascular system. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine CC16 in a broad physiological context considering cardio-metabolic comorbidities of primary pulmonary diseases. METHODS CC16 was quantified in serum samples in a subset of the FoCus (N = 497) and two weight loss intervention cohorts (N = 99) using ELISA. Correlation and general linear regression analyses were applied to assess CC16 effects of lifestyle, gut microbiota, disease occurrence and treatment strategies. Importance and intercorrelation of determinants were validated using random forest algorithms. RESULTS CC16 A38G gene mutation, smoking and low microbial diversity significantly decreased CC16. Pre-menopausal female displayed lower CC16 compared to post-menopausal female and male participants. Biological age and uricosuric medications increased CC16 (all p < 0.01). Adjusted linear regression revealed CC16 lowering effects of high waist-to-hip ratio (est. -11.19 [-19.4; -2.97], p = 7.99 × 10-3), severe obesity (est. -2.58 [-4.33; -0.82], p = 4.14 × 10-3) and hypertension (est. -4.31 [-7.5; -1.12], p = 8.48 × 10-3). ACEi/ARB medication (p = 2.5 × 10-2) and chronic heart failure (est. 4.69 [1.37; 8.02], p = 5.91 × 10-3) presented increasing effects on CC16. Mild associations of CC16 were observed with blood pressure, HOMA-IR and NT-proBNP, but not manifest hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, diet quality and dietary weight loss intervention. CONCLUSION A role of metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities in the regulation of CC16 and its modifiability by behavioral and pharmacological interventions is indicated. Alterations by ACEi/ARB and uricosurics could point towards regulatory axes comprising the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and purine metabolism. Findings altogether strengthen the importance of interactions among metabolism, heart and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Rohmann
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paula Stürmer
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Geisler
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kristina Schlicht
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Knappe
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Hartmann
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kathrin Türk
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Hollstein
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexia Beckmann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna K Seoudy
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulla Becker
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Perdita Wietzke-Braun
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ute Settgast
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Tran
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan H Beckmann
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Witigo von Schönfels
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Seifert
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Heyckendorf
- Division of Pneumology, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dominik M Schulte
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
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9
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Choi Y, Kwak MJ, Kang MG, Kang AN, Lee W, Mun D, Choi H, Park J, Eor JY, Song M, Kim JN, Oh S, Kim Y. Molecular characterization and environmental impact of newly isolated lytic phage SLAM_phiST1N3 in the Cornellvirus genus for biocontrol of a multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium in the swine industry chain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171208. [PMID: 38408652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium is a highly lethal pathogenic bacterium in weaned piglets, causing significant treatment costs and economic losses in the swine industry. Additionally, due to its ability to induce zoonotic diseases, resulting in harm to humans through the transmission of the pathogen from pork, it presents a serious public health issue. Bacteriophages (phages), viruses that infect specific bacterial strains, have been proposed as an alternative to antibiotics for controlling pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we isolated SLAM_phiST1N3, a phage infecting a multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. Typhimurium wild-type strain isolated from diseased pigs. First, comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis revealed that SLAM_phiST1N3 belongs to the Cornellvirus genus. Moreover, utilizing a novel classification approach introduced in this study, SLAM_phiST1N3 was classified at the species level. Host range experiments demonstrated that SLAM_phiST1N3 did not infect other pathogenic bacteria or probiotics derived from pigs or other livestock. While complete eradication of Salmonella was not achievable in the liquid inhibition assay, surprisingly, we succeeded in largely eliminating Salmonella in the FIMM analysis, a gut simulation system using weaned piglet feces. Furthermore, using the C. elegans model, we showcased the potential of SLAM_phiST1N3 to prevent S. Typhimurium infection in living organisms. In addition, it was confirmed that bacterial control could be achieved when phage was applied to Salmonella-contaminated pork. pH and temperature stability experiments demonstrated that SLAM_phiST1N3 can endure swine industry processes and digestive conditions. In conclusion, SLAM_phiST1N3 demonstrates potential environmental impact as a substance for Salmonella prevention across various aspects of the swine industry chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jin Kwak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Geun Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - An Na Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woogji Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daye Mun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkuk Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Eor
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Nam Kim
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Ma J, Wang K, Wang J, Zeng Q, Liu K, Zheng S, Chen Y, Yao J. Microbial Disruptions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comparative Analysis. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:1355-1367. [PMID: 38601196 PMCID: PMC11005995 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s448359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The fecal microbiota was studied in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the characteristics of gut microbiota were compared among patients with different subtypes and stages of IBD, aiming to identify the gut microbiota associated with IBD. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 41 IBD patients (18 patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] and 23 patients with Crohn's disease [CD]) in the Department of Gastroenterology of East China Hospital, Fudan University between January 2021 and January 2022. In addition, fecal samples were collected from 20 healthy volunteers. The fecal microbiota was subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by bioinformatics analysis. Results There was significant difference in the fecal microbiota between IBD patients and controls. The abundance and diversity of fecal microbiota in the IBD patients were significantly lower than in controls. The relative abundance of Subdoligranulum, Ruminococcus, Anaerostipes and Lachnospira was reduced markedly in the IBD patients. As compared to controls, the relative abundance of Streptococcus increased dramatically in the UC patients. The relative abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Fusobacterium, Cloacibacillus and Erysipelatoclostridium significantly increased in the CD patients. As compared to CD patients, the relative abundance of Alistipes was reduced markedly in the UC patients; the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Roseburia and Haemophilus was reduced dramatically in the CD patients. In addition, significant difference was also noted in the fecal microflora between patients with active IBD and those with IBD in remission period. In active IBD patients, the relative abundance of Roseburia, Coprococcus and Ruminiclostridium was reduced significantly. Conclusion There is intestinal microbiota imbalance in IBD patients, and the abundance of Roseburia, Coprococcus and Ruminiclostridium is reduced significantly in the active period of IBD, which may be related to the active IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinlian Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kangwei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songbai Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hua Dong Hospital of Fu Dan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Yu SY, Oh BS, Ryu SW, Bak JE, Heo ES, Moon JC, Jeong JH, Lee JH. Novel microbiota Mesosutterella faecium sp. nov. has a protective effect against inflammatory bowel disease. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1342098. [PMID: 38633706 PMCID: PMC11022602 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-negative, obligate anaerobe, non-motile, flagella-lacking, catalase- and oxidase-negative, coccobacilli-shaped bacterial strain designated AGMB02718T was isolated from swine feces. The 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that strain AGMB02718T belonged to the genus Mesosutterella with the highest similarity to M. multiformis 4NBBH2T (= DSM 106860T) (sequence similarity of 96.2%), forming a distinct phylogenetic lineage. Its growth occurred at 25-45°C (optimal 37°C) and in 0.5-1% NaCl (optimal 0.5%). Strain AGMB02718T was asaccharolytic and contained menaquinone 6 (MK-6) and methylmenaquinone 6 (MMK-6) as the predominant respiratory quinones. The major cellular fatty acids in the isolate were C18:1ω9c and C16:0. Based on the whole-genome sequencing analysis, strain AGMB02718T had a 2,606,253 bp circular chromosome with a G + C content of 62.2%. The average nucleotide identity value between strain AGMB02718T and M. multiformis 4NBBH2T was 72.1%, while the digital DNA-DNA hybridization value was 20.9%. Interestingly, genome analysis suggested that strain AGMB02718T possessed a low-toxicity lipopolysaccharide (LPS) because the genome of the isolate does not include lpxJ and lpxM genes for Kdo2-Lipid A (KLA) assembly, which confers high toxicity to LPS. Moreover, in vitro macrophage stimulation assay confirmed that AGMB02718T produced LPS with low toxicity. Because the low-toxicity LPS produced by the Sutterellaceae family is involved in regulating host immunity and low-toxicity LPS-producing strains can help maintain host immune homeostasis, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of strain AGMB02718T against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As a result, strain AGMB02718T was able to prevent the inflammatory response in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model. Therefore, this strain represents a novel species of Mesosutterella that has a protective effect against DSS-induced colitis, and the proposed name is Mesosutterella faecium sp. nov. The type strain is AGMB02718T (=GDMCC 1.2717T = KCTC 25541T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yeob Yu
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Seob Oh
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung Woo Ryu
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Bak
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seo Heo
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Huck Lee
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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12
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Gonza I, Goya-Jorge E, Douny C, Boutaleb S, Taminiau B, Daube G, Scippo ML, Louis E, Delcenserie V. Food additives impair gut microbiota from healthy individuals and IBD patients in a colonic in vitro fermentation model. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114157. [PMID: 38519184 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a long-term complication of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Changes in microbial populations have been linked with the onset of fibrosis and some food additives are known to promote intestinal inflammation facilitating fibrosis induction. In this study, we investigated how polysorbate 80, sucralose, titanium dioxide, sodium nitrite and maltodextrin affect the gut microbiota and the metabolic activity in healthy and IBD donors (patients in remission and with a flare of IBD). The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) with a static (batch) configuration was used to evaluate the effects of food additives on the human intestinal microbiota. Polysorbate 80 and sucralose decreased butyrate-producing bacteria such as Roseburia and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Both compounds, also increased bacterial species positively correlated with intestinal inflammation and fibrosis (i.e.: Enterococcus, Veillonella and Mucispirillum schaedleri), especially in donors in remission of IBD. Additionally, polysorbate 80 induced a lower activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the three groups of donors, which can affect the intestinal homeostasis. Maltodextrin, despite increasing short-chain fatty acids production, promoted the growth of Ruminococcus genus, correlated with higher risk of fibrosis, and decreased Oscillospira which is negatively associated with fibrosis. Our findings unveil crucial insights into the potential deleterious effects of polysorbate 80, sucralose and maltodextrin on human gut microbiota in healthy and, to a greater extent, in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Gonza
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Elizabeth Goya-Jorge
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Caroline Douny
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Samiha Boutaleb
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Georges Daube
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Edouard Louis
- Hepato - Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Véronique Delcenserie
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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13
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Bravo Iniguez A, Du M, Zhu MJ. α-Ketoglutarate for Preventing and Managing Intestinal Epithelial Dysfunction. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100200. [PMID: 38438107 PMCID: PMC11016550 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelium lining the intestinal tract serves a multifaceted role. It plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption and immune regulation and also acts as a protective barrier, separating underlying tissues from the gut lumen content. Disruptions in the delicate balance of the gut epithelium trigger inflammatory responses, aggravate conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, and potentially lead to more severe complications such as colorectal cancer. Maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis is vital for overall health, and there is growing interest in identifying nutraceuticals that can strengthen the intestinal epithelium. α-Ketoglutarate, a metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, displays a variety of bioactive effects, including functioning as an antioxidant, a necessary cofactor for epigenetic modification, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. This article presents a comprehensive overview of studies investigating the potential of α-ketoglutarate supplementation in preventing dysfunction of the intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
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14
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Wei L, Pan Y, Guo Y, Zhu Y, Jin H, Gu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Lin J, Chen Y, Ke C, Xu L. Symbiotic combination of Akkermansia muciniphila and inosine alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury by modulating gut dysbiosis and immune responses. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355225. [PMID: 38572243 PMCID: PMC10987824 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is exacerbated by disruptions in intestinal microecology and immune imbalances within the gut-liver axis. The present study assesses the therapeutic potential of combining Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) with inosine in alleviating alcohol-induced liver injury. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice, subjected to a Lieber-DeCarli diet with 5% alcohol for 4 weeks, served as the alcoholic liver injury model. Various analyzes, including quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), ELISA, immunochemistry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and flow cytometry, were employed to evaluate liver injury parameters, intestinal barrier function, microbiota composition, and immune responses. Results Compared to the model group, the A. muciniphila and inosine groups exhibited significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, reduced hepatic fat deposition and neutrophil infiltration, alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation, and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1). These effects were further pronounced in the A. muciniphila and inosine combination group compared to individual treatments. While alcohol feeding induced intestinal dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption, the combined treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (Oscillibacter, Escherichia/Shigella, and Alistipes) induced by alcohol consumption, promoting the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium IV). Flow cytometry revealed that alcohol consumption reduced T regulatory (Treg) populations while increasing those of T-helper (Th) 1 and Th17, which were restored by A. muciniphila combined with inosine treatment. Moreover, A. muciniphila and inosine combination increased the expression levels of intestinal CD39, CD73, and adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) along with enhanced proportions of CD4+CD39+Treg and CD4+CD73+Treg cells in the liver and spleen. The A2AR antagonist KW6002, blocked the beneficial effects of the A. muciniphila and inosine combination on liver injury in ALD mice. Conclusion This study reveals that the combination of A. muciniphila and inosine holds promise for ameliorating ALD by enhancing the gut ecosystem, improving intestinal barrier function, upregulating A2AR, CD73, and CD39 expression, modulating Treg cells functionality, and regulating the imbalance of Treg/Th17/Th1 cells, and these beneficial effects are partly A2AR-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yizhi Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), Enze Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Haoran Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chuanshuang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jingjing Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunhai Ke
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lanman Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou, China
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15
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Wang JH, Choi Y, Lee JS, Hwang SJ, Gu J, Son CG. Clinical evidence of the link between gut microbiome and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a retrospective review. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:148. [PMID: 38429822 PMCID: PMC10908121 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01747-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a heterogeneous disorder with elusive causes, but most likely because of clinical and other biological factors. As a vital environmental factor, the gut microbiome is increasingly emphasized in various refractory diseases including ME/CFS. The present study is aimed to enhance our understanding of the relationship between the gut microbiome and ME/CFS through data analysis of various clinical studies. We conducted a literature search in four databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) until May 31, 2023. Our analysis encompassed 11 clinical studies with 553 ME/CFS patients and 480 healthy controls. A comparative analysis of meta data revealed a significant decrease in α-diversity and a noticeable change in β-diversity in the gut microbiome of ME/CFS patients compared to healthy controls. The notable ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroides was 2.3 times decreased, and also, there was a significant reduction in the production of microbial metabolites such as acetate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and some amino acids (alanine, serine, and hypoxanthine) observed in ME/CFS patients. The lack of comparison under similar conditions with various standardized analytical methods has impeded the optimal calculation of results in ME/CFS patients and healthy controls. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in understanding the role of the gut microbiome in ME/CFS patients. Additionally, we have also discussed the potentials of using microbiome-related interventions and associated challenges to alleviate ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Wang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Se-Myung University, Jecheon-si, 27136, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ju Hwang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Gu
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-Daero 176, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Kim S, Jung Y, Lee SB, Oh HS, Hong SN. Gut microbial signatures in clinically stable ulcerative colitis according to the mucosal state and associated symptoms. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:319-327. [PMID: 38054580 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The gut microbiome of patients with clinically stable ulcerative colitis (UC) differs from that of healthy individuals depending on the state of the colonic mucosa, especially with or without advanced scarring; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Therefore, this study examined the gut microbiome compositional signatures in patients with significant mucosal scarring and UC-related symptoms. METHODS Stool samples for gut microbiome analysis were prospectively collected from 57 patients with clinically stable UC between January 1 and December 31, 2022. Data from 57 individuals without inflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD) paired by age and sex were selected from our previous study as the control group. The fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Associations between gut microbiome profiles and clinical or colonoscopic assessments were examined using diversity and differential abundance analyses. RESULTS Gut microbiome compositions between the patients with clinically stable UC and non-IBD controls differed significantly. Furthermore, gut microbiome compositions varied between the preserved and altered mucosa groups identified based on mucosal changes in the UC group. Differential abundance test of patients with UC for symptomatic remission based on stool frequency from the two-item patient-reported outcome identified several overlapping taxa specified as gut microbiome signatures, including the Enterobacteriaceae unknown genera (Enterobacteriaceae_g), Klebsiella, and several Lachnospiraceae spp. both in mucosal and symptom change analyses. CONCLUSIONS The gut microbiome can change with mucosal changes, even in clinically stable UC, and some gut microbial signatures may explain the symptom manifestations in patients with UC showing significant mucosal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Yeonjae Jung
- CJ Bioscience, Inc, Seoul, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | | | - Sung Noh Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Tanaka R, Imai J, Sugiyama E, Tsubaki S, Hozumi K, Tsugawa H. Cyclic-di-AMP confers an invasive phenotype on Escherichia coli through elongation of flagellin filaments. Gut Pathog 2024; 16:6. [PMID: 38267967 PMCID: PMC10809763 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-024-00600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) is isolated from patients with Crohn's disease (CD). AIEC can invade the intestinal epithelium, suggesting that it is involved in the development and pathogenesis of CD. However, the mechanism by which AIEC acquired the invasive phenotype remains unknown. RESULTS This study was designed to examine the mechanisms of AIEC invasiveness. We found that the flagellin (fliC) expression in AIEC was two-fold higher than that in non-AIEC strains, and this overexpression induced the formation of long-filament flagellin. Deletion of fliC in the AIEC LF82 strain resulted in the disappearance of flagellar filaments and attenuated the motility and invasive ability of the bacterium, suggesting that the formation of long filament flagellin induced by increased fliC expression is required by AIEC to invade the intestinal epithelium. In AIEC and non-AIEC K12 strains cultured in the presence of cyclic-di-AMP (c-di-AMP), the expression of fliC was enhanced, and flagellar filaments were elongated. Stimulation with c-di-AMP enhanced the bacterial motility and ability to invade epithelial cells, even in the non-AIEC K12 strain. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that c-di-AMP confers an AIEC-like phenotype on non-AIEC strains by enhancing the expression of fliC. The results should be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Tanaka
- Department of Immunology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Jin Imai
- Department of Clinical Health Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Eiji Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Analytical and Bio-Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shogo Tsubaki
- Transkingdom Signaling Research Unit, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Katsuto Hozumi
- Department of Immunology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tsugawa
- Transkingdom Signaling Research Unit, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
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Hagihara M, Kato H, Yamashita M, Shibata Y, Umemura T, Mori T, Hirai J, Asai N, Mori N, Mikamo H. Lung cancer progression alters lung and gut microbiomes and lipid metabolism. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23509. [PMID: 38169741 PMCID: PMC10758782 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in medical technology, lung cancer still has one of the highest mortality rates among all malignancies. Therefore, efforts must be made to understand the precise mechanisms underlying lung cancer development. In this study, we conducted lung and gut microbiome analyses and a comprehensive lipid metabolome analysis of host tissues to assess their correlation. Alternations in the lung microbiome due to lung cancer, such as a significantly decreased abundance of Firmicutes and Deferribacterota, were observed compared to a mock group. However, mice with lung cancer had significantly lower relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria and higher relative abundances of Cyanobacteria and Patescibacteria in the gut microbiome. The activations of retinol, fatty acid metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism metabolic pathways in the lung and gut microbiomes was inversely correlated. Additionally, changes occurred in lipid metabolites not only in the lungs but also in the blood, small intestine, and colon. Compared to the mock group, mice with lung cancer showed that the levels of adrenic, palmitic, stearic, and oleic (a ω-9 polyunsaturated fatty acid) acids increased in the lungs. Conversely, these metabolites consistently decreased in the blood (serum) and colon. Leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 exacerbate lung cancer, and were upregulated in the lungs of the mice with lung cancer. However, isohumulone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activator, and resolvin (an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid) both have anti-cancer effects, and were upregulated in the small intestine and colon. Our multi-omics data revealed that shifts in the microbiome and metabolome occur during the development of lung cancer and are of possible clinical importance. These results reveal one of the gut-lung axis mechanisms related to lung cancer and provide insights into potential new targets for lung cancer treatment and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Hagihara
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideo Kato
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shibata
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takumi Umemura
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Jun Hirai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Asai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Mori
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Mikamo
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
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Kim HJ, Jeon HJ, Kim JY, Shim JJ, Lee JH. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HY7718 Improves Intestinal Integrity in a DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Mouse Model by Suppressing Inflammation through Modulation of the Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:575. [PMID: 38203747 PMCID: PMC10779067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic condition that causes persistent inflammation in the digestive system, is closely associated with the intestinal microbiome. Here, we evaluated the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HY7718 (HY7718) on IBD symptoms in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Oral administration of HY7718 led to significant improvement in the disease activity index score and the histological index, as well as preventing weight loss, in model mice. HY7718 upregulated the expression of intestinal tight junction (TJ)-related genes and downregulated the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and genes involved in the TLR/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, HY7718 reduced the blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as reversing DSS-induced changes to the composition of the intestinal microbiome. HY7718 also increased the percentage of beneficial bacteria (Lactiplantibacillus and Bifidobacterium), which correlated positively with the expression of intestinal TJ-related genes. Finally, HY7718 decreased the population of pathogens such as Escherichia, which correlated with IBD symptoms. The data suggest that HY7718 improves intestinal integrity in colitis model mice by regulating the expression of TJ proteins and inflammatory cytokines, as well as the composition of the intestinal microflora. Thus, L. plantarum HY7718 may be suitable as a functional supplement that improves IBD symptoms and gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joo-Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.J.); (J.-J.S.); (J.-H.L.)
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20
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Pinto S, Benincà E, Galazzo G, Jonkers D, Penders J, Bogaards JA. Heterogeneous associations of gut microbiota with Crohn's disease activity. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2292239. [PMID: 38105519 PMCID: PMC10730216 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2292239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The multi-factorial involvement of gut microbiota with Crohn's disease (CD) necessitates robust analysis to uncover possible associations with particular microbes. CD has been linked to specific bacteria, but reported associations vary widely across studies. This inconsistency may result from heterogeneous associations across individual patients, resulting in no apparent or only weak relationships with the means of bacterial abundances. We investigated the relationship between bacterial relative abundances and disease activity in a longitudinal cohort of CD patients (n = 57) and healthy controls (n = 15). We applied quantile regression, a statistical technique that allows investigation of possible relationships outside the mean response. We found several significant and mostly negative associations with CD, especially in lower quantiles of relative abundance on family or genus level. Associations found by quantile regression deviated from the mean response in relative abundances of Coriobacteriaceae, Pasteurellaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Prevotellaceae, and Ruminococcaceae. For the family Streptococcaceae we found a significant elevation in relative abundance for patients experiencing an exacerbation relative to those who remained without self-reported symptoms or measurable inflammation. Our analysis suggests that specific bacterial families are related to CD and exacerbation, but associations vary between patients due to heterogeneity in disease course, medication history, therapy response, gut microbiota composition and historical contingency. Our study underscores that microbial diversity is reduced in the gut of CD patients, but suggests that the process of diversity loss is rather irregular with respect to specific taxonomic groups. This novel insight may advance our ecological understanding of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Pinto
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Elisa Benincà
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Gianluca Galazzo
- School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Maastricht UMC, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Daisy Jonkers
- School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht UMC, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - John Penders
- School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Maastricht UMC, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johannes A. Bogaards
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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21
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Wu R, Xiong R, Li Y, Chen J, Yan R. Gut microbiome, metabolome, host immunity associated with inflammatory bowel disease and intervention of fecal microbiota transplantation. J Autoimmun 2023; 141:103062. [PMID: 37246133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. The microbial communities play essential roles in host physiology, with profound effects on immune homeostasis, directly or via their metabolites and/or components. There are increasing clinical trials applying fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The restoration of dysbiotic gut microbiome is considered as one of the mechanisms of FMT therapy. In this work, latest advances in the alterations in gut microbiome and metabolome features in IBD patients and experimental mechanistic understanding on their contribution to the immune dysfunction were reviewed. Then, the therapeutic outcomes of FMT on IBD were summarized based on clinical remission, endoscopic remission and histological remission of 27 clinical trials retrieved from PubMed which have been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the results been published in the past 10 years. Although FMT is established as an effective therapy for both subtypes of IBD, the promising outcomes are not always achieved. Among the 27 studies, only 11 studies performed gut microbiome profiling, 5 reported immune response alterations and 3 carried out metabolome analysis. Generally, FMT partially restored typical changes in IBD, resulted in increased α-diversity and species richness in responders and similar but less pronounced shifts of patient microbial and metabolomics profiles toward donor profiles. Measurements of immune responses to FMT mainly focused on T cells and revealed divergent effects on pro-/anti-inflammatory functions. The very limited information and the extremely confounding factors in the designs of the FMT trials significantly hindered a reasonable conclusion on the mechanistic involvement of gut microbiota and metabolites in clinical outcomes and an analysis of the inconsistencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Rui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Junru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Ru Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
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22
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Prame Kumar K, Ooi JD, Goldberg R. The interplay between the microbiota, diet and T regulatory cells in the preservation of the gut barrier in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1291724. [PMID: 38107848 PMCID: PMC10722198 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1291724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming more common in the Western world due to changes in diet-related microbial dysbiosis, genetics and lifestyle. Incidences of gut permeability can predate IBD and continued gut barrier disruptions increase the exposure of bacterial antigens to the immune system thereby perpetuating chronic inflammation. Currently, most of the approved IBD therapies target individual pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathways. However, they fail in approximately 50% of patients due to their inability to overcome the redundant pro inflammatory immune responses. There is increasing interest in the therapeutic potential of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in inflammatory conditions due to their widespread capability to dampen inflammation, promote tolerance of intestinal bacteria, facilitate healing of the mucosal barrier and ability to be engineered for more targeted therapy. Intestinal Treg populations are inherently shaped by dietary molecules and gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Thus, understanding how these molecules influence Treg-mediated preservation of the intestinal barrier will provide insights into immune tolerance-mediated mucosal homeostasis. This review comprehensively explores the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and immune system in influencing the intestinal barrier function to attenuate the progression of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Prame Kumar
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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23
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Liu Y, Duan H, Chen Y, Zhang C, Zhao J, Narbad A, Tian F, Zhai Q, Yu L, Chen W. Intraspecific difference of Latilactobacillus sakei in inflammatory bowel diseases: Insights into potential mechanisms through comparative genomics and metabolomics analyses. IMETA 2023; 2:e136. [PMID: 38868211 PMCID: PMC10989848 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that have become a global health burden. Studies have revealed that Latilactobacillus sakei can effectively alleviate various immune diseases, including colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and metabolic disorders. Here, we obtained 72 strains of L. sakei from 120 fermentation and fecal samples across China. In total, 16 strains from different sources were initially screened in an in vitro Caco-2 model induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Subsequently, six strains (four exhibiting effectiveness and two exhibiting ineffectiveness) were selected for further validation in an in vivo colitis mouse model. The results demonstrated that L. sakei strains exhibited varying degrees of amelioration of the colitis disease process. Notably, L. sakei CCFM1267, the most effective strain, significantly restored colon length and tight-junction protein expression, and reduced the levels of cytokines and associated inflammatory enzymes. Moreover, L. sakei CCFM1267 upregulated the abundance of Enterorhabdus, Alloprevotella, and Roseburia, leading to increased levels of acetic acid and propionic acid. Conversely, the other four strains (L. sakei QJSSZ1L4, QJSSZ4L10, QGZZYRHMT1L6, and QGZZYRHMT2L6) only exhibited a partial remission effect, while L. sakei QJSNT1L10 displayed minimal impact. Therefore, L. sakei CCFM1267 and QJSNT1L10 were selected for further exploration of the mechanisms underlying their differential mitigating effects. Comparative genomics analysis revealed significant variations between the two strains, particularly in genes associated with carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as the glycoside hydrolase family, which potentially contribute to the diverse profiles of short-chain fatty acids in vivo. Additionally, metabolome analysis demonstrated that acetylcholine and indole-3-acetic acid were the main differentiating metabolites of the two strains. Therefore, the strains of L. sakei exhibited varying degrees of effectiveness in alleviating IBD-related symptoms, and the possible reasons for these variations were attributed to discrepancies in the carbohydrate-active enzymes and metabolites among the strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Hui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional FoodJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for ProbioticsJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Arjan Narbad
- International Joint Research Laboratory for ProbioticsJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- Gut Health and Microbiome Institute Strategic ProgrammeQuadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for ProbioticsJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for ProbioticsJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for ProbioticsJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and ResourcesJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional FoodJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
- International Joint Research Laboratory for ProbioticsJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
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24
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Diwan B, Yadav R, Singh A, Kumar D, Sharma R. Murine sterile fecal filtrate is a potent pharmacological agent that exerts age-independent immunomodulatory effects in RAW264.7 macrophages. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:362. [PMID: 37833682 PMCID: PMC10576334 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sterile fecal filtrate (SFF) is being considered a safer alternative to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) therapy; however, its bioactive potency is very little understood. The present study thus assessed the age-dependent immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory attributes of murine SFF in vitro. METHODS SFF from young (Y-SFF) and old (O-SFF) Swiss albino mice were prepared. Immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects of SFF were evaluated in resting and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated macrophage cells by measuring intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) production, inflammatory cytokines profile, as well as gene expression of oxidative and inflammatory transcription factors. SFF were also evaluated for native antioxidant capacity by measuring DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity. Bioactive components present in SFF were also determined by GC/MS analysis. RESULTS Both Y-SFF and O-SFF induced potent immunostimulatory effects characterized by changes in cell morphology, a significant increase in NO production, ROS levels, and an increased ratio of pro-inflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β) to anti-inflammatory (IL-10) secretory proteins although no significant aggravation in the transcription of NF-κB and Nrf-2 could be observed. Application of LPS to cells significantly augmented a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory response which was much higher in comparison to Y-SFF or O-SFF application alone and mediated by strong suppression of Nrf-2 gene expression. Pre-treatment of macrophages with both Y-SFF and O-SFF robustly attenuated cellular hyperresponsiveness to LPS characterized by significantly decreased levels of NO, ROS, and inflammatory cytokines while a concomitant increase in anti-inflammatory protein (IL-10) was observed. Further, both Y-SFF and O-SFF strongly resisted LPS-induced downregulation of Nrf-2 expression although O-SFF appeared to protect cells slightly better from the overall LPS threat. Neat SFF samples exhibited moderate antioxidant capacity and GC/MS analysis of SFF revealed diverse volatile organic compounds characterized by alkanes, organosulphur compounds, furans, amides, amino acids, and antimicrobial elements. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that SFF is a potent stimulant of macrophages and confers strong anti-inflammatory effects regardless of donor age thereby suggesting its therapeutic efficacy in lieu of FMT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Diwan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Anamika Singh
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India.
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25
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Tews HC, Elger T, Gunawan S, Fererberger T, Sommersberger S, Loibl J, Huss M, Liebisch G, Müller M, Kandulski A, Buechler C. Fecal short chain fatty acids and urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate do not discriminate between patients with Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis and are not of diagnostic utility for predicting disease severity. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:164. [PMID: 37789460 PMCID: PMC10546683 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01929-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate levels as well as fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations are surrogate markers for gut microbiota diversity. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a disease closely associated with IBD, have decreased microbiome diversity. In this paper, the fecal SCFAs propionate, acetate, butyrate and isobutyrate of patients with IBD and patients with PSC-IBD and urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate of IBD patients were determined to study associations with disease etiology and severity. METHODS SCFA levels in feces of 64 IBD patients and 20 PSC-IBD patients were quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate levels of 45 of these IBD patients were analysed by means of reversed-phase liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Feces of 17 healthy controls and urine of 13 of these controls were analyzed in parallel. These cohorts had comparable sex distribution and age. RESULTS Urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate concentrations (normalized to urinary creatinine levels) was increased (P = 0.030) and fecal isobutyrate levels (normalized to dry weight of the stool sample) of IBD patients were decreased (P = 0.035) in comparison to healthy controls. None of the analyzed metabolites differed between patients with Crohn´s disease (CD) and patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Fecal acetate and butyrate positively correlated with fecal calprotectin (P = 0.040 and P = 0.005, respectively) and serum C-reactive protein (P = 0.024 and P = 0.025, respectively) in UC but not CD patients. UC patients with fecal calprotectin levels above 150 µg/g, indicating intestinal inflammatory activity, had higher fecal acetate (P = 0.016), butyrate (P = 0.007) and propionate (P = 0.046) in comparison to patients with fecal calprotectin levels < 50 µg/g. Fecal SCFA levels of PSC-IBD and IBD patients were comparable. CONCLUSIONS Current findings suggest that analysis of urinary 3-indoxyl-sulfate as well as fecal SCFAs has no diagnostic value for IBD and PSC-IBD diagnosis or monitoring of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauke Christian Tews
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Elger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Gunawan
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Fererberger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sommersberger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Loibl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Muriel Huss
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martina Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arne Kandulski
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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Song H, Lee J, Yi S, Kim WH, Kim Y, Namgoong B, Choe A, Cho G, Shin J, Park Y, Kim MS, Cho S. Red Ginseng Dietary Fiber Shows Prebiotic Potential by Modulating Gut Microbiota in Dogs. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0094923. [PMID: 37367492 PMCID: PMC10433987 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00949-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Red ginseng, widely used in traditional medicine for various conditions, imparts health benefits mainly by modulating the gut microbiota in humans. Given the similarities in gut microbiota between humans and dogs, red ginseng-derived dietary fiber may have prebiotic potential in dogs; however, its effects on the gut microbiota in dogs remain elusive. This double-blinded, longitudinal study investigated the impact of red ginseng dietary fiber on the gut microbiota and host response in dogs. A total of 40 healthy household dogs were randomly assigned to low-dose (n = 12), high-dose (n = 16), or control (n = 12) groups and fed a normal diet supplemented with red ginseng dietary fiber (3 g/5 kg body weight per day, 8 g/5 kg per day, or no supplement, respectively) for 8 weeks. The gut microbiota of the dogs was analyzed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples. Alpha diversity was significantly increased at 8 and 4 weeks in the low-dose and high-dose groups, respectively. Moreover, biomarker analysis showed that short-chain fatty acid producers such as Sarcina and Proteiniclasticum were significantly enriched, while potential pathogens such as Helicobacter were significantly decreased, indicating the increased gut health and pathogen resistance by red ginseng dietary fiber. Microbial network analysis showed that the complexity of microbial interactions was increased by both doses, indicating the increased stability of the gut microbiota. These findings suggest that red ginseng-derived dietary fiber could be used as a prebiotic to modulate gut microbiota and improve gut health in dogs. IMPORTANCE The canine gut microbiota is an attractive model for translational studies, as it responds to dietary interventions similarly to those in humans. Investigating the gut microbiota of household dogs that share the environment with humans can produce highly generalizable and reproducible results owing to their representativeness of the general canine population. This double-blind and longitudinal study investigated the impact of dietary fiber derived from red ginseng on the gut microbiota of household dogs. Red ginseng dietary fiber altered the canine gut microbiota by increasing diversity, enriching short-chain fatty acid-producing microbes, decreasing potential pathogens, and increasing the complexity of microbial interactions. These findings indicate that red ginseng-derived dietary fiber may promote canine gut health by modulating gut microbiota, suggesting the possibility of its use as a potential prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyokeun Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junbum Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saehah Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beomkwan Namgoong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ahreum Choe
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gunhee Cho
- Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jangmi Shin
- Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Min Su Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Veterinary Integrated Medicine Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Veterinary Integrated Medicine Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Boopathi S, Priya PS, Haridevamuthu B, Nayak SPRR, Chandrasekar M, Arockiaraj J, Jia AQ. Expanding germ-organ theory: Understanding non-communicable diseases through enterobacterial translocation. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106856. [PMID: 37460001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Diverse microbial communities colonize different habitats of the human body, including gut, oral cavity, nasal cavity and tissues. These microbial communities are known as human microbiome, plays a vital role in maintaining the health. However, changes in the composition and functions of human microbiome can result in chronic low-grade inflammation, which can damage the epithelial cells and allows pathogens and their toxic metabolites to translocate into other organs such as the liver, heart, and kidneys, causing metabolic inflammation. This dysbiosis of human microbiome has been directly linked to the onset of several non-communicable diseases. Recent metabolomics studies have revealed that pathogens produce several uraemic toxins. These metabolites can serve as inter-kingdom signals, entering the circulatory system and altering host metabolism, thereby aggravating a variety of diseases. Interestingly, Enterobacteriaceae, a critical member of Proteobacteria, has been commonly associated with several non-communicable diseases, and the abundance of this family has been positively correlated with uraemic toxin production. Hence, this review provides a comprehensive overview of Enterobacterial translocation and their metabolites role in non-communicable diseases. This understanding may lead to the identification of novel biomarkers for each metabolic disease as well as the development of novel therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seenivasan Boopathi
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan affiliated hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China; Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Snega Priya
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Haridevamuthu
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S P Ramya Ranjan Nayak
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Munisamy Chandrasekar
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ai-Qun Jia
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan affiliated hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China.
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Pandey A, Lieu CH, Kim SS. The Local Microbiome in Esophageal Cancer and Treatment Response: A Review of Emerging Data and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3562. [PMID: 37509225 PMCID: PMC10377659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of esophageal cancer is increasing worldwide, with established risk factors explaining only a small fraction of cases. Currently, there are no established screening protocols in most countries, and treatment options are limited. The human microbiome has been implicated in carcinogenesis and the cancer treatment response. The advent of nucleic acid sequencing technologies has enabled more comprehensive, culture-independent bacterial identification. Across several tumor types, studies of tissue-specific microbiomes have shown associations between the overall microbiome composition, the relative abundance of specific bacteria, and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, in the era of cancer immunotherapy, several studies have demonstrated that the microbiome and specific bacteria may modify treatment responses and the risk of immune-related adverse events. DESIGN peer-reviewed, published studies describing the role of local, gastrointestinal-specific microbiota or the role of the gut microbiome in treatment responses were reviewed. PubMed was searched from 1 September 2022 to 1 November 2022, using the following terms in combination: "microbiome", "tumor microbiome", "esophageal cancer", "cancer", "cancer treatment", and "immunotherapy". Original research articles were considered, and other reviews or editorials were discarded. In total, approximately 250 articles were considered. RESULTS over 70 studies describing microbiome research in either gastrointestinal carcinogenesis or the systemic treatment response were identified and reviewed. CONCLUSIONS a growing body of evidence supports the role of the esophageal microbiome in both esophageal tumorigenesis and the immune checkpoint inhibitor response. More well-designed, comprehensive studies are required to collect the appropriate clinical, microbial, and immunophenotype data that are needed to clarify the precise role of the microbiome in esophageal carcinogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Pandey
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christopher H Lieu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sunnie S Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Xu J, Molin G, Davidson S, Roth B, Sjöberg K, Håkansson Å. CRP in Outpatients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Linked to the Blood Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10899. [PMID: 37446076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The circulation is a closed system that has been assumed to be free from bacteria, but evidence for the existence of a low-density blood microbiota is accumulating. The present study aimed to map the blood microbiota of outpatients with Crohn's disease (CD) or with ulcerative colitis (UC) by 16S metagenomics. A diverse microbiota was observed in the blood samples. Regardless of the type of disease, the alpha diversity of the microbiota was positively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP). The blood microbiota had a surprisingly high proportion of Proteobacteria in comparison with human oral and colonic microbiotas. There was no clear difference in the overall pattern of the microbiota between CD and UC. A non-template control (NTC) was included in the whole process to control for the potential contamination from the environment and reagents. Certain bacterial taxa were concomitantly detected in both blood samples and NTC. However, Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, Thermicanus and Paracoccus were found in blood from both CD and UC patients but not in NTC, indicating the existence of a specific blood-borne microbiota in the patients. Achromobacter dominated in all blood samples, but a minor amount was also found in NTC. Micrococcaceae was significantly enriched in CD, but it was also detected in high abundance in NTC. Whether the composition of the blood microbiota could be a marker of a particular phenotype in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or whether the blood microbiota could be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Molin
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sanna Davidson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bodil Roth
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Åsa Håkansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
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Kim DY, Lee TS, Jung DH, Song EJ, Jang AR, Park JY, Ahn JH, Seo IS, Song SJ, Kim YJ, Lee YJ, Lee YJ, Park JH. Oral Administration of Lactobacillus sakei CVL-001 Improves Recovery from Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice by Microbiota Modulation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1359. [PMID: 37317332 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intestinal chronic inflammatory disease, and its incidence is steadily increasing. IBD is closely related to the intestinal microbiota, and probiotics are known to be a potential therapeutic agent for IBD. In our study, we evaluated the protective effect of Lactobacillus sakei CVL-001, isolated from Baechu kimchi, on dextran sulfated sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The oral administration of L. sakei CVL-001 according to the experimental schedule alleviated weight loss and disease activity in the mice with colitis. Furthermore, the length and histopathology of the colon improved. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β genes decreased in the colons of mice that were administered L. sakei CVL-001, whereas that of IL-10 increased. The expressions of genes coding for E-cadherin, claudin3, occludin, and mucin were also restored. In co-housed conditions, L. sakei CVL-001 administration did not improve disease activity, colon length, and histopathology. Microbiota analysis revealed that L. sakei CVL-001 administration increased the abundance of microbiota and altered Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and decreased Proteobacteria. In conclusion, L. sakei CVL-001 administration protects mice from DSS-induced colitis by regulating immune response and intestinal integrity via gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yeon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyeon Jung
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Song
- Nodcure, Inc., 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Ra Jang
- Nodcure, Inc., 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Ahn
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Su Seo
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ju Song
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Jun Kim
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ji Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, Animal Medical Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Nodcure, Inc., 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Atagozli T, Elliott DE, Ince MN. Helminth Lessons in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). Biomedicines 2023; 11:1200. [PMID: 37189818 PMCID: PMC10135676 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Helminths are multicellular invertebrates that colonize the gut of many vertebrate animals including humans. This colonization can result in pathology, which requires treatment. It can also lead to a commensal and possibly even a symbiotic relationship where the helminth and the host benefit from each other's presence. Epidemiological data have linked helminth exposure to protection from immune disorders that include a wide range of diseases, such as allergies, autoimmune illnesses, and idiopathic inflammatory disorders of the gut, which are grouped as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Treatment of moderate to severe IBD involves the use of immune modulators and biologics, which can cause life-threatening complications. In this setting, their safety profile makes helminths or helminth products attractive as novel therapeutic approaches to treat IBD or other immune disorders. Helminths stimulate T helper-2 (Th2) and immune regulatory pathways, which are targeted in IBD treatment. Epidemiological explorations, basic science studies, and clinical research on helminths can lead to the development of safe, potent, and novel therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat IBD in addition to other immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Atagozli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - David E. Elliott
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Mirac Nedim Ince
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
- Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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Ni Y, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Rong N, Yang Y, Gong P, Yang Y, Siwu X, Zhang C, Zhu L, Fu Z. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus improve inflammatory bowel disease in zebrafish of different ages by regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier and microbiota. Life Sci 2023; 324:121699. [PMID: 37061125 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are accompanied by impaired intestinal barrier integrity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Strategies targeting the gut microbiota are potential therapies for preventing and ameliorating IBD. MAIN METHODS The potential roles of two probiotic stains, Bifidobacterium longum BL986 (BL986) and Lactobacillus casei LC122 (LC122), on intestinal mucosal barrier function and microbiota in IBD zebrafish of different ages were investigated. KEY FINDINGS BL986 and LC122 treatment promoted the development and increased the microbiota diversity in larval zebrafish. Both probiotic treatment ameliorated mortality, promoted intestinal mucus secretion, and reduced the expression of inflammatory markers, thereby improving intestinal mucosal barrier function in dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and 2,4,6-trinitro-benzenesulfonicacid (TNBS)-induced Crohn's disease (CD) models in zebrafish. Moreover, the composition and function of microbiota were altered in IBD zebrafish, and probiotics treatment displayed prominent microbiota features. BL986 was more potent in the DSS-induced UC model, and increased the abundance of Faecalibaculum and butyric acid levels. LC122 exerted better protection against TNBS-induced CD, and increased the abundance of Enhydrobacter and acetic acid levels. Furthermore, the effect of probiotics was stronger in larval and aged zebrafish. CONCLUSION The impact of probiotics on IBD might differ from the subtypes of IBD and the age of the zebrafish, suggesting the types of disease and age should be taken into full consideration during the practical usage of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Liujie Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Nianke Rong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuru Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ping Gong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xuerong Siwu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Linxi Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Prophylactic effect of Tongxieyaofang polysaccharide on depressive behavior in adolescent male mice with chronic unpredictable stress through the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114525. [PMID: 36921537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression disorder is more common among adolescents and is a primary reason for suicide in adolescents. Some antidepressants are ineffective and may possess side effects. Therefore, developing an adolescent antidepressant is the need of the hour. We designed the stress model of adolescent male mice induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). The mice were treated using Tongxieyaofang neutral polysaccharide (TXYF-NP), Tongxieyaofang acidic polysaccharide (TXYF-AP), TXYF-AP + TXYF-NP and fructooligosaccharide + galactooligosaccharides to determine their body weight, behavior, and serum hormone levels. RT-qPCR was used to detect the gene expression of Crhr1, Nr3c1, and Nr3c2 in the hypothalamus and hippocampus and the gene expression of glutamic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid-related receptors in the hippocampus. RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA detected tryptophan metabolism in the colon, serum, and hippocampus. 16s rDNA helped sequence colon microflora, and non-targeted metabolomics enabled the collection of metabolic profiles of colon microflora. In adolescent male mice, CUS induced depression-like behavior, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity, hippocampal tissue damage, abnormal expression of its related receptors, and dysregulation of tryptophan metabolism. The 16s rDNA and non-targeted metabolomics revealed that CUS led to colon microflora disorder and bile acid metabolism abnormality. Tongxieyaofang polysaccharide could improve the bacterial community and bile acid metabolism disorder by upregulating the relative abundance of Lactobacillus gasseri, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 28-4, Bacteroides and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 while preventing CUS-induced changes. TXYF-P can inhibit depression-like behavior due to CUS by regulating colonic microflora and restoring bile acid metabolism disorder. Thus, based on the different comparisons, TXYF-NP possessed the best effect.
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Dietary Supplementation with Black Raspberries Altered the Gut Microbiome Composition in a Mouse Model of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer, although with Differing Effects for a Healthy versus a Western Basal Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245270. [PMID: 36558431 PMCID: PMC9786988 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Black raspberries (BRB) are rich in anthocyanins with purported anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is not known whether dietary supplementation would ameliorate Western-diet enhanced gut inflammation and colon tumorigenesis. We employed a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with 5 to 10% (w/w) whole, freeze-dried BRB in male C57BL/6J mice fed either a standard healthy diet (AIN93G) or the total Western diet (TWD). In a pilot study, BRB suppressed colitis and colon tumorigenesis while also shifting the composition of the fecal microbiome in favor of taxa with purported health benefits, including Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. In a follow-up experiment using a 2 × 2 factorial design with AIN and TWD basal diets with and without 10% (w/w) BRB, supplementation with BRB reduced tumor multiplicity and increased colon length, irrespective of the basal diet, but it did not apparently affect colitis symptoms, colon inflammation or mucosal injury based on histopathological findings. However, BRB intake increased alpha diversity, altered beta diversity and changed the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae and Akkermansiaceae, among others, of the fecal microbiome. Notably, changes in microbiome profiles were inconsistent with respect to the basal diet consumed. Overall, these studies provide equivocal evidence for in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of BRB on colitis and colon tumorigenesis; yet, BRB supplementation led to dynamic changes in the fecal microbiome composition over the course of disease development.
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Vega L, Bohórquez L, Ramírez JD, Muñoz M. Do we need to change our perspective about gut biomarkers? A public data mining approach to identify differentially abundant bacteria in intestinal inflammatory diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:918237. [PMID: 36478676 PMCID: PMC9719923 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.918237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The gut microbiome is involved in multiple processes that influence host physiology, and therefore, disruptions in microbiome homeostasis have been linked to diseases or secondary infections. Given the importance of the microbiome and the communities of microorganisms that compose it (microbiota), the term biomarkers were coined, which are bacteria correlated with disease states, diets, and the lifestyle of the host. However, a large field in the study of intestinal biomarkers remains unexplored because the bacterial communities associated with a given disease state have not been exactly defined yet. Methods Here, we analyzed public data of studies focused on describing the intestinal microbiota of patients with some intestinal inflammatory diseases together with their respective controls. With these analyses, we aimed to identify differentially abundant bacteria between the subjects with the disease and their controls. Results We found that frequently reported bacteria such as Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, and Escherichia/Shigella were differentially abundant between the groups, with a higher abundance mostly in patients with the disease in contrast with their controls. On the other hand, we also identified potentially beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibacterium and Phascolarctobacterium, with a higher abundance in control patients. Discussion Our results of the differentially abundant bacteria contrast with what was already reported in previous studies on certain inflammatory diseases, but we highlight the importance of considering more comprehensive approaches to redefine or expand the definition of biomarkers. For instance, the intra-taxa diversity within a bacterial community must be considered, as well as environmental and genetic factors of the host, and even consider a functional validation of these biomarkers through in vivo and in vitro approaches. With the above, these key bacterial communities in the intestinal microbiota may have potential as next-generation probiotics or may be functional for the design of specific therapies in certain intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vega
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Bohórquez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia,Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia,*Correspondence: Marina Muñoz,
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Caetano MAF, Castelucci P. Role of short chain fatty acids in gut health and possible therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:9985-10003. [PMID: 36246826 PMCID: PMC9561599 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i28.9985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease. These diseases are costly to health services, substantially reduce patients’ quality of life, and can lead to complications such as cancer and even death. Symptoms include abdominal pain, stool bleeding, diarrhea, and weight loss. The treatment of these diseases is symptomatic, seeking disease remission. The intestine is colonized by several microorganisms, such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria, which constitute the intestinal microbiota (IM). IM bacteria promotes dietary fibers fermentation and produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that exert several beneficial effects on intestinal health. SCFAs can bind to G protein-coupled receptors, such as GPR41 and GPR43, promoting improvements in the intestinal barrier, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Thus, SCFAs could be a therapeutic tool for IBDs. However, the mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects of SCFAs remain poorly understood. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a review addressing the main aspects of IBDs, and a more detailed sight of SCFAs, focusing on the main effects on different aspects of the intestine with an emphasis on IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Castelucci
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508900, SP, Brazil
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Sun L, Guo L, Xu G, Li Z, Appiah MO, Yang L, Lu W. Quercetin Reduces Inflammation and Protects Gut Microbiota in Broilers. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103269. [PMID: 35630745 PMCID: PMC9147699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin on inflammatory response and intestinal microflora in broiler chicken jejuna. A total of 120 broiler chickens were allocated into 3 groups: saline-challenged broilers fed a basal diet (CTR group), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broilers fed a basal diet (L group) and LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg quercetin (LQ group). Our results showed that LPS significantly increased expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-γ, toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, Bax, Caspase-3 and diamine oxidase activity (DAO), and decreased expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin and Bcl-2 in the jejunum, while dietary quercetin prevented the adverse effects of LPS injection. LPS injection significantly decreased the number of Actinobacteria, Armatimonadetes and Fibrobacteriae at the phylum level when compared to the CTR group. Additionally, at genus level, compared with the CTR group, the abundance of Halomonas, Micromonospora, Nitriliruptor, Peptococcus, Rubellimicrobium, Rubrobacter and Slaclda in L group was significantly decreased, while dietary quercetin restored the numbers of these bacteria. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that dietary quercetin could alleviate inflammatory responses of broiler chickens accompanied by modulating jejunum microflora.
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