1
|
Granov R, Vedad S, Wang SH, Durham A, Shah D, Pasinetti GM. The Role of the Neural Exposome as a Novel Strategy to Identify and Mitigate Health Inequities in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04339-6. [PMID: 38967905 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous increase of the elderly population, there is an urgency to understand and develop relevant treatments for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). In tandem with this, the prevalence of health inequities continues to rise as disadvantaged communities fail to be included in mainstream research. The neural exposome poses as a relevant mechanistic approach and tool for investigating ADRD onset, progression, and pathology as it accounts for several different factors: exogenous, endogenous, and behavioral. Consequently, through the neural exposome, health inequities can be addressed in ADRD research. In this paper, we address how the neural exposome relates to ADRD by contributing to the discourse through defining how the neural exposome can be developed as a tool in accordance with machine learning. Through this, machine learning can allow for developing a greater insight into the application of transferring and making sense of experimental mouse models exposed to health inequities and potentially relate it to humans. The overall goal moving beyond this paper is to define a multitude of potential factors that can increase the risk of ADRD onset and integrate them to create an interdisciplinary approach to the study of ADRD and subsequently translate the findings to clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravid Granov
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Skyler Vedad
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Shu-Han Wang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Andrea Durham
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Divyash Shah
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Giulio Maria Pasinetti
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10019, USA.
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li S, Liang F, Huang D, Wu H, Tan X, Ma J, Wei C, Wang S, Huang Z, Yang G, He X, Yang J. Diterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Isodon serra with Selective Cytotoxic Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:2733. [PMID: 38930799 PMCID: PMC11207078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Four new diterpenoids, isodosins A-D (1-4), together with nine known compounds (5-13) were isolated and identified from the aerial parts of Isodon serra (Maxim.) Hara. The structures of the new diterpenoids were elucidated based on the analysis of HR-ESI-MS data, 1D/2D-NMR-spectroscopic data, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Cytotoxicities of compounds 2, 3, 5, 6, and 9 against the HepG2 and H1975 cell lines were evaluated with the MTT assay. As a result, compounds 2, 3, and 6 revealed higher levels of cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells than against H1975 cells. Moreover, compund 6 demonstrated the most efficacy in inhibiting the proliferation of HepG2 cells, with an IC50 value of 41.13 ± 3.49 μM. This effect was achieved by inducing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the relationships between the structures and activities of these compounds are briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Fang Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Dongdong Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Huanling Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jiang Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Caihong Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Shixiong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ziying Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Guang Yang
- China Academy of Chinese·Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Xin He
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ji Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.L.); (F.L.); (D.H.); (H.W.); (X.T.); (J.M.); (C.W.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yin S, Wu S, Huang J, Ren S, Xie W, Peng X. Spatial-temporal analysis of hepatitis B in Fujian Province, China in 2012-2021. INFECTIOUS MEDICINE 2024; 3:100110. [PMID: 38974348 PMCID: PMC11225665 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Fujian Province has one of the highest reported incidences of hepatitis B virus infection in China. This study aimed to provide a theoretical framework for preventing and controlling hepatitis B in Fujian Province, and to assess the trends and the spatial-temporal distribution patterns of hepatitis B in this region. Methods Data on hepatitis B cases were extracted from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System. Spatial autocorrelation analysis, trend surface analysis, and spatial-temporal scanning statistics were used to identify the spatial and aggregation patterns at the county level. The Joinpoint was used to assess the reported incidence trends. Results The average reported incidence of hepatitis B in Fujian from 2012 to 2021 was 14.46/10,000 population, with 583,262 notified cases. The age-adjusted reported incidence of hepatitis B decreased from 17.44/10,000 population in 2012 to 11.88/10,000 population in 2021, with an average reduction in the annual percentage change of 4.5%. There were obvious spatial-temporal aggregation characteristics in hepatitis B cases, and a high-incidence area was located in eastern Fujian. Spatio-temporal scanning statistics revealed four levels of aggregation of hepatitis B reporting rates. The first level of aggregation area included Minhou, Gulou, Jin'an, Taijiang, and nine other districts and counties. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis B is declining in Fujian Province. Spatial clusters of hepatitis B cases in Fujian Province were identified, and high-risk areas in eastern Fujian still exist. Closely monitoring the general patterns in the occurrence of hepatitis B and implementing focused control and preventative strategies are important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Shenggen Wu
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jingru Huang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shutong Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Weijiang Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xian'e Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jean K, Tawheed A, Luong Nguyen LB, Heikal T, Eldaly U, Gaber Elhadidy N, Elghaieb A, Aboudonia A, Tondeur L, Dublineau A, Fontanet A, El-Kassas M. A Comparison of Presentation, Treatment, and Survival After Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Viral and Non-Viral Etiology in Damietta, Egypt, 2007-2019. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:997-1004. [PMID: 38835726 PMCID: PMC11149647 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s455832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Context The difference in prognosis between patients diagnosed with viral versus non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt remains unclear. Methods We used data from patients diagnosed with HCC between 2007 and 2019 from a large monocentric retrospective cohort at the Damietta Oncology referral center (northern Egypt). Presentation and treatment were compared between viral versus non-viral etiology HCC patients. Survival was compared relying on univariate and multivariate Cox regressions. Results Data from 4714 HCC patients were analyzed. Among them, 204 (4.3%) presented with a non-viral etiology. Patients with non-viral versus viral etiology had a similar presentation overall, especially regarding the BCLC stage at HCC diagnosis. After controlling for various individual characteristics, patients with non-viral versus viral etiology had poorer survival (adjusted Hazard Ratio: 1.244; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.069-1.447). Conclusion Despite similar features, patients with non-viral- related HCC had poorer survival compared to patients with viral-related HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Jean
- Laboratoire MESuRS, Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, Paris, France
- Unité PACRI, Institut Pasteur & Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, Paris, France
- IBENS, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris Science & Lettres, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Tawheed
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Liem Binh Luong Nguyen
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tarek Heikal
- Medical Oncology Department, Damietta Oncology Center, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Usama Eldaly
- Medical Oncology Department, Damietta Oncology Center, Damietta, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Elghaieb
- Radiology Department, Damietta Oncology Center, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Aboudonia
- Radiology Department, Damietta Oncology Center, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Laura Tondeur
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Dublineau
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Fontanet
- Unité PACRI, Institut Pasteur & Conservatoire national des arts et métiers, Paris, France
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed El-Kassas
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinical Research Centre, Air Force Specialized Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Toniutto P, Shalaby S, Mameli L, Morisco F, Gambato M, Cossiga V, Guarino M, Marra F, Brunetto MR, Burra P, Villa E. Role of sex in liver tumor occurrence and clinical outcomes: A comprehensive review. Hepatology 2024; 79:1141-1157. [PMID: 37013373 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical research on sex-based differences in the manifestations, pathophysiology, and prevalence of several diseases, including those affecting the liver, has expanded considerably in recent years. Increasing evidence suggests that liver diseases develop, progress, and respond to treatment differently depending on the sex. These observations support the concept that the liver is a sexually dimorphic organ in which estrogen and androgen receptors are present, which results in disparities between men and women in liver gene expression patterns, immune responses, and the progression of liver damage, including the propensity to develop liver malignancies. Sex hormones play protective or deleterious roles depending on the patient's sex, the severity of the underlying disease, and the nature of precipitating factors. Moreover, obesity, alcohol consumption, and active smoking, as well as social determinants of liver diseases leading to sex-related inequalities, may interact strongly with hormone-related mechanisms of liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury, viral hepatitis, and metabolic liver diseases are influenced by the status of sex hormones. Available data on the roles of sex hormones and gender differences in liver tumor occurrence and clinical outcomes are conflicting. Here, we critically review the main gender-based differences in the molecular mechanisms associated with liver carcinogenesis and the prevalence, prognosis, and treatment of primary and metastatic liver tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Toniutto
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sarah Shalaby
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Mameli
- Liver and Pancreas Transplant Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu Piazzale Ricchi 1, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filomena Morisco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Martina Gambato
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Cossiga
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Guarino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Marra
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Burra
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Erica Villa
- Gastroenterology Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Auriol C, Raynal P, Cantisano N. Stigmatization of drinking patients with liver cancer: The role of socioeconomic status. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29105. [PMID: 38623242 PMCID: PMC11016613 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with liver cancer may face stigmatization due to cancer, alcohol consumption, or both. This study addresses gaps in the existing literature regarding stigmatization of alcohol-related liver cancer patients, particularly its connection with socioeconomic status (SES). The study explores whether the SES of a fictional character with alcohol addiction and liver cancer influences stigma levels reported by participants. Additionally, it investigates how participants' personal characteristics, such as alcohol consumption and healthcare professional status, impact stigmatization. This study aims to provide new insights regarding the role of stigmatization in liver cancer treatment and management, emphasizing in socioeconomic determinants. The method is based on three scenarios describing a woman character with alcohol abuse and liver cancer. The scenarios depicted a woman character with either low, medium or high SES. Each participant (N = 991) was randomly assigned to one of the three scenarios. After reading it, each participant answered questionnaires assessing negative attitudes towards the character. Four scales were used: "Negative attributions about people with health problems", "Causality of cancer", "Controllability of drinking" and "Reluctance to helping behavior". Data were analyzed using ANOVA and t-tests. The scenario describing a character with a low SES significantly received more "Negative attributions about people with health problems" than the character with medium or high SES. Participants having higher alcohol consumption themselves showed lower stigma scores for three out of four scales than participants with lower consumption. In addition, participants identified as health professionals had lower stigma scores regarding the scales "Negative attributions about people with health problems" and "Controllability of drinking", and higher scores for the subscale "Reluctance to helping behavior", compared with non-professionals. A character with low SES received more negative attributions than the one with higher SES. Participants' own alcohol consumption and professional status (being health professional or not), influenced their stigmatizing attitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Auriol
- Laboratoire CERPPS, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrick Raynal
- Laboratoire CERPPS, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicole Cantisano
- Laboratoire CERPPS, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fu Y, Maccioni L, Wang XW, Greten TF, Gao B. Alcohol-associated liver cancer. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00837. [PMID: 38607725 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Heavy alcohol intake induces a wide spectrum of liver diseases ranging from steatosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and HCC. Although alcohol consumption is a well-known risk factor for the development, morbidity, and mortality of HCC globally, alcohol-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (A-HCC) is poorly characterized compared to viral hepatitis-associated HCC. Most A-HCCs develop after alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC), but the direct carcinogenesis from ethanol and its metabolites to A-HCC remains obscure. The differences between A-HCC and HCCs caused by other etiologies have not been well investigated in terms of clinical prognosis, genetic or epigenetic landscape, molecular mechanisms, and heterogeneity. Moreover, there is a huge gap between basic research and clinical practice due to the lack of preclinical models of A-HCC. In the current review, we discuss the pathogenesis, heterogeneity, preclinical approaches, epigenetic, and genetic profiles of A-HCC, and discuss the current insights into and the prospects for future research on A-HCC. The potential effect of alcohol on cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastasis is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Fu
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Luca Maccioni
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Liver Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tim F Greten
- Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Gastrointestinal Malignancies Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pinto TAM, Saito HPA, Nourani CL, Ataide EC, Boin IFSF, Lourenco GJ, Lima CSP. Clinicopathological Aspects and Inflammation-Immune Markers in Alcohol and/or Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated With Sorafenib. Gastroenterology Res 2024; 17:23-31. [PMID: 38463146 PMCID: PMC10923249 DOI: 10.14740/gr1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the outcomes of patients under treatment vary. Since the roles of clinicopathological aspects and markers of chronic inflammation/immune homeostasis in the outcome of HCC patients treated with sorafenib are still unclear, these were the aims of this study. Methods Patients with alcohol-induced and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced HCC (n = 182) uniformly treated with sorafenib were included in the study. Baseline clinicopathological aspects of patients were computed from the medical records. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were obtained from the hematological exam performed before the administration of sorafenib. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier probabilities, log-rank test, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) analyses. Results In multivariate analysis, alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) level and Child-Pugh score were predictors of OS. Patients with AFP levels higher than 157 ng/mL and Child-Pugh B or C had 1.40 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03 - 1.91, P = 0.03) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.07 - 2.52, P = 0.02) more chances of evolving to death than the remaining patients, respectively. NLR, PLR, LMR, SIRI, and SII did not alter the OS of HCC patients. Conclusions AFP level and Child-Pugh score act as independent prognostic factors in patients with alcohol and/or HCV-induced HCC treated with sorafenib, but markers of chronic inflammation/immune homeostasis seem not to alter the outcome of patients with HCC induced by alcohol and/or HCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Alexandre Martins Pinto
- Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology, and Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Paes Almeida Saito
- Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology, and Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Lopes Nourani
- Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology, and Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina Ataide
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Jacob Lourenco
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics; School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Silvia Passos Lima
- Clinical Oncology Service, Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology, and Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics; School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen H, Durand S, Bourgin M, Lambertucci F, Motiño O, Montégut L, Li S, Nogueira-Recalde U, Anagnostopoulos G, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G, Martins I. Targeted Analysis of Glycerophospholipids and Mono-, Di-, or Tri-Acylglycerides in Liver Cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2769:189-198. [PMID: 38315398 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3694-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The metabolic rearrangements of hepatic metabolism associated with liver cancer are still incompletely understood. There is an ongoing need to identify novel and more efficient diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets based on the metabolic mechanisms of these diseases. In comparison to traditional diagnostic biomarkers, metabolomics is a comprehensive technique for discovering chemical signatures for liver cancer screening, prediction, and earlier diagnosis. Lipids are a large and diverse group of complex biomolecules that are at the heart of liver physiology and play an important role in the development and progression of cancer. In this chapter, we described two detailed protocols for targeted lipids analysis: glycerophospholipids and mono, di, tri-acylglycerides, both by Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) HPLC coupled to a SelexIon/QTRAP 6500+ system. These approaches provide a targeted lipidomic metabolomic signature of dissimilar metabolic disorders affecting liver cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Mélanie Bourgin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Flavia Lambertucci
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Omar Motiño
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Léa Montégut
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Sijing Li
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Uxía Nogueira-Recalde
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Fundación Profesor Novoa Santos, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Gerasimos Anagnostopoulos
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aasarey R, Yadav K, Kashyap BK, Prabha S, Kumar P, Kumar A, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK. Role of Immunological Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Disease and Associated Pathways. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1801-1816. [PMID: 38093838 PMCID: PMC10714437 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the predominant causes of cancer-related mortality across the globe. It is attributed to obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and infection by the hepatitis virus. Early diagnosis of HCC is essential, and local treatments such as surgical excision and percutaneous ablation are effective. Palliative systemic therapy, primarily with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Sorafenib, is used in advanced cases. However, the prognosis for advanced HCC remains poor. This Review additionally describes the pathophysiological mechanisms of HCC, which include aberrant molecular signaling, genomic instability, persistent inflammation, and the paradoxical position of the immune system in promoting and suppressing HCC. The paper concludes by discussing the growing body of research on the relationship between mitochondria and HCC, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the progression of HCC. This Review focuses on immunological interactions between different mechanisms of HCC progression, including obesity, viral infection, and alcohol consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Aasarey
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute
of Medical Science, New Delhi-11029, India
| | - Kajal Yadav
- Department
of Biotechnology, All India Institute of
Medical Science, New Delhi-11029, India
| | - Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
- Department
of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi-284128, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarit Prabha
- Department
of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana
Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal-462003, Madhya Pradesh,India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Indian
Council of Medical Research, National Institute
of Cancer Prevention and Research (NICPR), l-7, Sector-39, Noida-201301, National Capital Region, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Cheri-Manatu, Karmre, Kanke-835222, Ranchi, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department
of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto
University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Research
and Development Cell, Lovely Professional
University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Elshami M, Bailey L, Hoehn RS, Ammori JB, Hardacre JM, Selfridge JE, Bajor D, Mohamed A, Chakrabarti S, Mahipal A, Winter JM, Ocuin LM. Differences in the surgical management of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma at minority versus non-minority-serving hospitals. Surgery 2023; 174:1201-1207. [PMID: 37604756 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined differences in surgical intervention at minority-serving hospitals versus non-minority-serving hospitals among patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. We also investigated associations between surgical management and overall survival, stratified by minority-serving hospital status. METHODS Patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, defined as cT1, were identified within the National Cancer Database (2004-2018). The primary outcome was surgical intervention (resection, ablation, or transplantation). The proportion of minority (non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic) patients treated at each facility was determined, and hospitals in the top decile were considered minority-serving hospitals. RESULTS A total of 46,703 patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma were identified, of whom 4,214 (9.0%) were treated at minority-serving hospitals. Patients treated at minority-serving hospitals were less likely to undergo surgical intervention than patients treated at non-minority-serving hospitals (odds ratio = 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.81-0.94). Minority patients treated at non-minority-serving hospitals were less likely to undergo surgical intervention than White patients (odds ratio = 0.86, 95% confidence interval: 0.82-0.90) and had a further associated decrease in the likelihood of surgical intervention when treated at minority-serving hospitals (odds ratio = 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.69-0.94). Regardless of minority-serving hospital status, surgery was associated with improved overall survival. There were no clinically meaningful differences in overall survival between White and minority patients who underwent surgery either at minority-serving hospitals or non-minority-serving hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma had an associated decrease in the likelihood of surgical intervention when treated at minority-serving hospitals. Minority patients treated at minority-serving hospitals had an associated decrease in the likelihood of surgery, but to a lesser extent when treated at non-minority-serving hospitals. Surgery was associated with improved overall survival regardless of minority or minority-serving hospital status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH. http://www.twitter.com/MElshamiMD
| | - Lauryn Bailey
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Richard S Hoehn
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH. http://www.twitter.com/Richard_Hoehn
| | - John B Ammori
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH. http://www.twitter.com/AmmoriJohn
| | - Jeffrey M Hardacre
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH
| | - J Eva Selfridge
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University. Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH. http://www.twitter.com/JEvaSelfridge
| | - David Bajor
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University. Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH. http://www.twitter.com/dlbajor
| | - Amr Mohamed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University. Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH
| | - Sakti Chakrabarti
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University. Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH. http://www.twitter.com/SaktiChakrabar1
| | - Amit Mahipal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University. Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH. http://www.twitter.com/Amitmahipal79
| | - Jordan M Winter
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH. http://www.twitter.com/JordanMWinterMD
| | - Lee M Ocuin
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shreya S, Grosset CF, Jain BP. Unfolded Protein Response Signaling in Liver Disorders: A 2023 Updated Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14066. [PMID: 37762367 PMCID: PMC10531763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site for synthesis and folding of secreted and transmembrane proteins. Disturbance in the functioning of ER leads to the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins, which finally activate the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling. The three branches of UPR-IRE1 (Inositol requiring enzyme 1), PERK (Protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR)-like ER kinase), and ATF6 (Activating transcription factor 6)-modulate the gene expression pattern through increased expression of chaperones and restore ER homeostasis by enhancing ER protein folding capacity. The liver is a central organ which performs a variety of functions which help in maintaining the overall well-being of our body. The liver plays many roles in cellular physiology, blood homeostasis, and detoxification, and is the main site at which protein synthesis occurs. Disturbance in ER homeostasis is triggered by calcium level imbalance, change in redox status, viral infection, and so on. ER dysfunction and subsequent UPR signaling participate in various hepatic disorders like metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease, liver cancer, viral hepatitis, and cholestasis. The exact role of ER stress and UPR signaling in various liver diseases is not fully understood and needs further investigation. Targeting UPR signaling with drugs is the subject of intensive research for therapeutic use in liver diseases. The present review summarizes the role of UPR signaling in liver disorders and describes why UPR regulators are promising therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Shreya
- Gene Expression and Signaling Lab, Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India;
| | - Christophe F. Grosset
- MIRCADE Team, U1312, Bordeaux Institute in Oncology, BRIC, Université de Bordeaux, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Buddhi Prakash Jain
- Gene Expression and Signaling Lab, Department of Zoology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ishteyaque S, Yadav KS, Verma S, Washimkar KR, Mugale MN. CYP2E1 triggered GRP78/ATF6/CHOP signaling axis inhibit apoptosis and promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 745:109701. [PMID: 37499993 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is an enzyme, primarily involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and procarcinogens. The present study was designed to investigate the potential role of CYP2E1 triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress in the progression of HCC through inhibition of apoptosis. In vitro CYP2E1 promotes HepG2 cell migration, reduced chromatin condensation, enhanced intracellular ROS accumulation and induce cell cycle progression. Conversely this effect was averted by CYP2E1 siRNA, selective inhibitor Diallyl sulphide (DAS) and antioxidants (vitamin C and E). In vivo Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced HCC rats showed decreased body weight and increased relative liver weight. Moreover, macro trabecular-massive HCC (MTM-HCC) histological subtyping showed pathological features like well-differentiated tumors, micro-trabecular and pseudo glandular patterns, megakaryocytes and cholestasis. Masson's trichrome staining revealed an intensive accumulation of collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Increased CYP2E1, VEGF and PCNA enhance the carcinogenicity as revealed in immunohistochemistry results. Immunoblot analysis showed reduced expression of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in cytosolic as well as mitochondrial fraction of rat liver tissue respectively. Also, increased level of CYP2E1 stimulated the upregulation of unfolded proteins response (UPR) and ER stress-related proteins such as Glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP). Meanwhile, CYP2E1 stimulated ER-stress reduces BCL2 and downregulates the cleaved caspase 3 thus suppresses apoptosis. in. Furthermore, immunofluorescence revealed increased expression level of α-SMA in the HCC rat liver tissue. The level of CYP2E1 mRNA was significantly increased. Altogether, these findings indicate that CYP2E1 has a dynamic role in the pathogenesis of HCC and might be a budding agent in liver carcinogenesis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmeen Ishteyaque
- Division of Cancer Biology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Karan Singh Yadav
- Division of Cancer Biology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Smriti Verma
- Division of Cancer Biology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Kaveri R Washimkar
- Division of Cancer Biology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Cancer Biology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shankarappa B, Mahadevan J, Murthy P, Purushottam M, Viswanath B, Jain S, Devarbhavi H, Mysore Visweswariah A. Hypomethylation of Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in Patients of Alcohol Use Disorder with Cirrhosis. DNA Cell Biol 2023. [PMID: 37367217 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cirrhosis are key outcomes of excessive alcohol use, and a genetic influence in these outcomes is increasingly recognized. While 80-90% of heavy alcohol users show evidence of fatty liver, only 10-20% progress to cirrhosis. There is currently no clear understanding of the causes of this difference in progression. The aim of this study is to evaluate genetics and epigenetics at the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) locus in patients with AUD and liver complications. Study participants were inpatients from the clinical services of Gastroenterology and Psychiatry at St. John's Medical College Hospital (SJMCH) and the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India. Men diagnosed as having AUD with cirrhosis (AUDC+ve, N = 136) and AUD without cirrhosis (AUDC-ve, N = 107) were assessed. FibroScan/sonographic evidence was used to rule out fibrosis in the AUDC-ve group. Genomic DNA was used for genotyping at the ALDH2 (rs2238151) locus. A subset of 89 samples was used for DNA methylation (AUDC+ve, N = 44; and AUDC-ve, N = 45) analysis at long interspersed nucleotide element 1 (LINE-1) and ALDH2 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) loci by pyrosequencing. ALDH2 DNA methylation was significantly lower in the AUDC+ve group compared with the AUDC-ve group (p < 0.001). Lower methylation was associated with a risk allele (T) of the ALDH2 locus (rs2238151) (p = 0.01). Global (LINE-1) DNA methylation levels were also significantly lower in the AUDC+ve group compared with the AUDC-ve group (p = 0.01). Compromised global methylation (LINE-1) and hypomethylation at the ALDH2 gene was observed in patients with cirrhosis compared with those without cirrhosis. DNA methylation could be explored as a biomarker for cirrhosis and liver complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyalakshmi Shankarappa
- Department of Psychiatry, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Jayant Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Pratima Murthy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Biju Viswanath
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Harshad Devarbhavi
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ornos ED, Murillo KJ, Ong JP. Liver diseases: Perspective from the Philippines. Ann Hepatol 2023; 28:101085. [PMID: 36889673 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2023.101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Liver diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. In the Philippines, a lower middle-income country in Southeast Asia, liver diseases accounted for 27.3 cases per 1000 deaths. In this review, we discussed the prevalence, risk factors, and management of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and other viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-associated liver disease, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The true burden of liver disease in the Philippines is likely underestimated due to limited epidemiological studies. Thus, surveillance of liver disease should be strengthened. Clinical practice guidelines tailored to the local needs of the country have been developed for important liver diseases. Multisectoral cooperation among different stakeholders is needed to manage the burden of liver disease in the Philippines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric David Ornos
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines
| | - Karl Jeffrey Murillo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines -, Philippine General Hospital, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines
| | - Janus P Ong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines -, Philippine General Hospital, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Leineweber CG, Rabehl M, Pietzner A, Rohwer N, Rothe M, Pech M, Sangro B, Sharma R, Verslype C, Basu B, Sengel C, Ricke J, Schebb NH, Weylandt KH, Benckert J. Sorafenib increases cytochrome P450 lipid metabolites in patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1124214. [PMID: 36937889 PMCID: PMC10020374 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1124214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death, and medical treatment options are limited. The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib was the first approved drug widely used for systemic therapy in advanced HCC. Sorafenib might affect polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-derived epoxygenated metabolite levels, as it is also a potent inhibitor of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which catalyzes the conversion of cytochrome-P450 (CYP)-derived epoxide metabolites derived from PUFA, such as omega-6 arachidonic acid (AA) and omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), into their corresponding dihydroxy metabolites. Experimental studies with AA-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have shown that they can promote tumor growth and metastasis, while DHA-derived 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-EDP) was shown to have anti-tumor activity in mice. In this study, we found a significant increase in EET levels in 43 HCC patients treated with sorafenib and a trend towards increased levels of DHA-derived 19,20-EDP. We demonstrate that the effect of sorafenib on CYP- metabolites led to an increase of 19,20-EDP and its dihydroxy metabolite, whereas DHA plasma levels decreased under sorafenib treatment. These data indicate that specific supplementation with DHA could be used to increase levels of the epoxy compound 19,20-EDP with potential anti-tumor activity in HCC patients receiving sorafenib therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can G. Leineweber
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Rabehl
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Pietzner
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nadine Rohwer
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Maciej Pech
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Sangro
- Liver Unit and HPB Oncology Area, Clinica Universidad de Navarra and CIBEREHD, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rohini Sharma
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Verslype
- Department of Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bristi Basu
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Sengel
- Radiology Department, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France
| | - Jens Ricke
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karsten-H. Weylandt
- Medical Department B, Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Julia Benckert
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt—Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sriken J, Sherman MF, Erford BT, MacInerney E, Zhou A, Smith H. Psychometric Analysis of Scores on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) with a University Sample. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2022.2160355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anqi Zhou
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nguyen ALT, Blizzard CL, Yee KC, Palmer AJ, de Graaff B. Survival of primary liver cancer for people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 81:102252. [PMID: 36116274 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival for Primary Liver Cancer (PLC) has been investigated in Australia, but limited work has been conducted on the burden for people with different socioeconomic status, region of residence, causes of PLC, and culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. This study aimed to cover this gap in the literature by investigating PLC survival with the aforementioned factors. METHODS This study linked four administrative datasets: Victorian Cancer Registry, Admitted Episodes Dataset, Emergency Minimum Dataset, and Death Index. The cohort was all cases with a PLC notification within the Victorian Cancer Registry between 01/01/2008 and 01/01/2016. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival probabilities and the log-rank test was used to compare the difference in survival between subgroups. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to explore factors associated with PLC survival. RESULTS The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 50.0%, 28.1% and 20.6%, respectively, with a median survival of 12.0 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 11.0 - 12.9 months). Higher survival was associated with younger age, hepatocellular carcinoma, and higher socio-economic status. People born in Asian, African, and American regions had higher survival than those born in Australia and New Zealand. Cases with viral hepatitis as an identified aetiology had higher survival than those whose PLC was related to alcohol consumption (hazard ratio=1.52, 95% CI: 1.19 - 1.96), diabetes and fatty liver disease (hazard ratio=1.35, 95% CI: 1.08 - 1.68). CONCLUSION Survival outcomes for people diagnosed with PLC were still poor and affected by many factors. Asian and African cases had better survival than Australian and New Zealand patients as PLC in Asian and African cases was mostly caused by viral hepatitis. Metropolitan areas were associated with a higher survival than rural areas, not only due to accessibility to surveillance and healthcare services but also because the majority of overseas-born patients reside in metropolitan areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anh Le Tuan Nguyen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia.
| | | | - Kwang Chien Yee
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia..
| | - Andrew John Palmer
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia.
| | - Barbara de Graaff
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gao S, Jiang X, Wang L, Jiang S, Luo H, Chen Y, Peng C. The pathogenesis of liver cancer and the therapeutic potential of bioactive substances. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1029601. [PMID: 36278230 PMCID: PMC9581229 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1029601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world and has become an urgent problem for global public health. Bioactive substances are widely used for the treatment of liver cancer due to their widespread availability and reduced side effects. This review summarizes the main pathogenic factors involved in the development of liver cancer, including metabolic fatty liver disease, viral infection, and alcoholic cirrhosis, and focuses on the mechanism of action of bioactive components such as polysaccharides, alkaloids, phenols, peptides, and active bacteria/fungi. In addition, we also summarize transformation methods, combined therapy and modification of bioactive substances to improve the treatment efficiency against liver cancer, highlighting new ideas in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyue Jiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyuan Luo
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Chen, ; Cheng Peng,
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Chen, ; Cheng Peng,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prognostic Nutritional Index and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Can Serve as Independent Predictors of the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Targeted Therapy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1389049. [PMID: 35990994 PMCID: PMC9388296 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1389049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an immunonutritional indicator, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) reflects the inflammatory status. This research intends to determine the implications of NLR and PNI in evaluating the outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing targeted therapy (TT). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 83 patients' records with sorafenib treatment for advanced HCC in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Patient records comprised general data and blood routines. The PNI and NLR values were calculated using the serum albumin levels (ALB), neutrophil (NEU) count, and lymphocyte (LY) count. The optimal thresholds of the PNI and NLR for predicting HCC patients' outcomes were calculated by X-tile. Patients were further assigned to low- and high-groups of PNI and NLR according to their thresholds. By using the Cox proportional hazards regression models, univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors influencing the patient's prognosis. Results The participants were assigned to the corresponding low-PNI (≤42.9; n = 10) and high-PNI (>42.9; n = 73) groups, as well as low-NLR (≤2.4; n = 64) and high-NLR (>2.4; n = 19) groups based on the critical values of PNI (42.9) and NLR (2.4) obtained through the X-tile calculation. A higher overall survival (OS) rate was observed in the high-PNI group and low-NLR group, than in the low-PNI group and high-NLR group, respectively. The disease control rate showed no evident difference between the groups. The PNI and NLR were of high reliability in predicting the OS of patients. Cox multivariate analysis identified the independence of the PNI and NLR as prognostic factors for patients receiving TT for advanced HCC. Conclusions The pretreatment PNI and NLR levels have great prognostic implications for advanced HCC patients receiving TT. A higher PNI and a lower NLR suggest a higher postoperative survival rate.
Collapse
|
21
|
Costentin CE, Minoves M, Kotzki S, Farges O, Goutté N, Decaens T, Bailly S. Alcohol-related hepatocellular carcinoma is a heterogenous condition: Lessons from a latent class analysis. Liver Int 2022; 42:1638-1647. [PMID: 35324065 PMCID: PMC9373918 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (AL-HCC) poor prognosis has been attributed to diagnosis at a later stage. However, host factors and specific health trajectories have been associated with severe outcomes in alcohol-related liver disease. We hypothesize AL-HCC is not a homogeneous condition but encompasses subgroups yielding different outcomes. AIMS Our aim was to provide a first attempt at a clinical phenotyping of AL-HCC. METHODS We analysed data for the calendar years 2007-2013 from the French nationwide administrative hospital database. We selected patients with AL-HCC only. Clustering of AL-HCC phenotypes was performed by latent class analysis (LCA). RESULTS The study included 11 363 patients with AL-HCC, mainly male (89.6%), median age 67 years [IQR: 61; 74] of which 71.2% had at least one metabolic comorbidity. Five phenotypes were identified. Phenotype 1 (41.4%) displayed high rates of unrecognized cirrhosis prior to HCC diagnosis (81%), low rates of metabolic comorbidities (diabetes 13%), and mostly compensated liver disease at HCC diagnosis while the four other phenotypes displayed high rates of metabolic comorbidities (diabetes up to 100%), various patterns of liver disease trajectories and overall 42% unrecognized cirrhosis. In adjusted survival analysis, compared to phenotype 1, risk of death after HCC diagnosis was significantly different for all phenotypes. CONCLUSION LCA uncovers AL-HCC is a heterogeneous condition with distinct phenotypes yielding specific survival outcomes. Frequent unrecognized cirrhosis prior to HCC underlines the urgent need for implementing strategies to identify the underlying liver disease prior to HCC onset in patients with documented alcohol use disorders and metabolic comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Costentin
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209/CNRS UMRGrenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance,Hepatology, gastro‐enterology and digestive oncologyGrenoble Alpes University HospitalLa TroncheFrance
| | - Mélanie Minoves
- HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300 and Grenoble Alpes University HospitalGrenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance,Department of PharmacyGrenoble Alpes University HospitalLa TroncheFrance
| | - Sylvain Kotzki
- HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300 and Grenoble Alpes University HospitalGrenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance
| | - Olivier Farges
- Hepato‐Biliary Surgery DepartmentBeaujon HospitalClichyFrance
| | - Nathalie Goutté
- INSERM UMRS‐1193, DHU Hépatinov and Centre Hépatobiliaire, Paul‐Brousse Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris VillejuifParis‐Saclay University et DHU Hépatinov par FHU HépatinovVillejuifFrance
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209/CNRS UMRGrenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance,Hepatology, gastro‐enterology and digestive oncologyGrenoble Alpes University HospitalLa TroncheFrance
| | - Sébastien Bailly
- HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1300 and Grenoble Alpes University HospitalGrenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rattanasupar A, Chang A, Prateepchaiboon T, Pungpipattrakul N, Akarapatima K, Songjamrat A, Pakdeejit S, Prachayakul V, Piratvisuth T. Impact of alcohol consumption on treatment outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with viral hepatitis who underwent transarterial chemoembolization. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1162-1172. [PMID: 35978671 PMCID: PMC9258258 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i6.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with pre-existing liver disease, including viral hepatitis. However, studies on the impact of alcohol consumption on the outcomes of HCC are limited. We hypothesized that alcohol had an additional effect with chronic viral hepatitis infection on treatment outcomes after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with intermediate-stage HCC (Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer [BCLC] -B).
AIM To evaluate the additional effect of alcohol on treatment outcomes of TACE among HCC patients with viral hepatitis.
METHODS This study, conducted at Hatyai Hospital in Thailand, included HCC patients over 18 years of age with chronic viral hepatitis. Records of HCC patients with viral hepatitis classified as BCLC-B who underwent TACE as the first treatment modality between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with chronic viral hepatitis only were categorized under group A, and those with chronic viral hepatitis and concurrent alcohol consumption were categorized under group B. Both groups were compared, and the Cox proportional-hazards model was used to identify the survival-influencing variables.
RESULTS Of the 69 patients, 53 were categorized in group A and 16 in group B. There were no statistically significant differences in tumor characteristics between the two patient groups. However, Group A had a statistically significantly higher proportion of complete response (24.5% vs 0%, P = 0.030) and a higher median survival rate (26.2 mo vs 8.4 mo; log-rank P = 0.012) compared to group B. Factors associated with decreased survival in the proportional-hazards model included alcohol consumption (hazards ratio [HR], 2.377; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.109-5.095; P = 0.026), presence of portal hypertension (HR, 2.578; 95%CI, 1.320–5.037; P = 0.006), largest tumor size > 5 cm (HR, 3.558; 95%CI, 1.824-6.939; P < 0.001), and serum alpha-fetoprotein level > 100 ng/mL (HR, 2.536; 95%CI, 1.377-4.670; P = 0.003).
CONCLUSION In HCC BCLC B patients with chronic viral hepatitis, alcohol consumption is an independent risk factor for increased mortality and decreases the rate of complete response and survival after TACE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attapon Rattanasupar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hatyai Hospital, Hatyai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Arunchai Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hatyai Hospital, Hatyai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | | | | | - Keerati Akarapatima
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hatyai Hospital, Hatyai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Apiradee Songjamrat
- Division of Intervention Radiology, Department of Radiology, Hatyai Hospital, Hatyai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Songklod Pakdeejit
- Division of Intervention Radiology, Department of Radiology, Hatyai Hospital, Hatyai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Varayu Prachayakul
- Siriraj Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkoknoi 10700, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerha Piratvisuth
- NKC Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Songklanagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sandoval-Rodriguez A, Torre A, Armendariz-Borunda J. Editorial: Liver Fibrosis and MAFLD: From Molecular Aspects to Novel Pharmacological Strategies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:892495. [PMID: 35573018 PMCID: PMC9096889 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.892495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sandoval-Rodriguez
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Aldo Torre
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Institute of Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.,Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Oncogenic Mutation BRAF V600E Changes Phenotypic Behavior of THLE-2 Liver Cells through Alteration of Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031548. [PMID: 35163468 PMCID: PMC8836259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of mutations in cancer driver genes, such as tumor suppressors or proto-oncogenes, affects cellular homeostasis. Disturbances in the mechanism controlling proliferation cause significant augmentation of cell growth and division due to the loss of sensitivity to the regulatory signals. Nowadays, an increasing number of cases of liver cancer are observed worldwide. Data provided by the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) have indicated many alterations within gene sequences, whose roles in tumor development are not well understood. A comprehensive analysis of liver cancer (virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma) samples has identified new and rare mutations in B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) in Japanese HCC patients, as well as BRAF V600E mutations in French HCC patients. However, their function in liver cancer has never been investigated. Here, using functional analysis and next generation sequencing, we demonstrate the tumorigenic effect of BRAF V600E on hepatocytes (THLE-2 cell line). Moreover, we identified genes such as BMP6, CXCL11, IL1B, TBX21, RSAD2, MMP10, and SERPIND1, which are possibly regulated by the BRAF V600E-mediated, mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway. Through several functional assays, we demonstrate that BRAF L537M, D594A, and E648G mutations alone are not pathogenic in liver cancer. The investigation of genome mutations and the determination of their impact on cellular processes and functions is crucial to unraveling the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer development.
Collapse
|
25
|
Thida C, Pokhrel A, Sun L, Wu R, Jaswani V, Wang JC. Hemorrhagic Brain Metastasis as an Initial Presentation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Patient With Alcohol-Related Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Report and Review of Literature. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2022; 10:23247096221117788. [PMID: 35975720 PMCID: PMC9527531 DOI: 10.1177/23247096221117788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic cancer.
Although it usually presents as a liver mass, rarely HCC can have an initial
presentation at an extrahepatic site before the diagnosis of the primary lesion
in the liver. Even rarely was that brain metastasis as initial extrahepatic
presentations. Furthermore, the initial presentation of HCC as brain metastases
has been with most cases being secondary to hepatitis-related hepatoma. In this
case report, we are presenting a rare and unusual case of hemorrhagic cerebral
metastasis as an initial extrahepatic presentation of an alcohol-related
hepatoma. Our case is the second case in the English literature that has been
presented in such a way. Due to the uncommonness of presentation, there can be
diagnostic dilemmas and delay in treatment. Therefore, a high level of suspicion
is needed in the high-risk patients of HCC who present with unexplained or new
neurological signs and symptoms. More exploration is warranted for clinical
research and treatment guidelines for brain metastases of HCC to help improve
survival and quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Thida
- Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Akriti Pokhrel
- Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Lishi Sun
- Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Richard Wu
- Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Vijay Jaswani
- Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jen C. Wang
- Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hormati A, Hajrezaei Z, Jazi K, Aslani Kolur Z, Rezvan S, Ahmadpour S. Gastrointestinal and Pancratohepatobiliary Cancers: A Comprehensive Review on Epidemiology and Risk Factors Worldwide. Middle East J Dig Dis 2022; 14:5-23. [PMID: 36619733 PMCID: PMC9489325 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2022.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant number of cancer cases are afflicted by gastrointestinal cancers annually. Lifestyle and nutrition have a huge effect on gastrointestinal function, and unhealthy habits have become quite widespread in recent decades, culminating in the rapid growth of gastrointestinal cancers. The most prevalent cancers are lip and mouth cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver and bile duct cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. Risk factors such as red meat consumption, alcohol consumption, tea, rice, viruses such as Helicobacter pylori and Ebstein Bar Virus (EBV), along with reduced physical activity, predispose the gastrointestinal tract to damage and cause cancer. According to the rapid increase of cancer incidence and late diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancies, further epidemiological researches remain necessary in order to make appropriate population-based preventive policies. In this study, we reviewed clinical symptoms, risk factors, preventative measures, as well as incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide with focus on Iranian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hormati
- Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Assistant Professor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Disease Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajrezaei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran
| | - Kimia Jazi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran
| | - Zahra Aslani Kolur
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran
| | - Sajjad Rezvan
- Radiology Resident, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Sajjad Ahmadpour
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran,Corresponding Author: Sajjad Ahmadpour, MD Gastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Telefax: + 98 2538105062
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khatib SA, Wang XW. Causes and functional intricacies of inter- and intratumor heterogeneity of primary liver cancers. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 156:75-102. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
28
|
Dongiovanni P, Meroni M, Longo M, Fargion S, Fracanzani AL. Genetics, Immunity and Nutrition Boost the Switching from NASH to HCC. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1524. [PMID: 34829753 PMCID: PMC8614742 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading contributor to the global burden of chronic liver diseases. The phenotypic umbrella of NAFLD spans from simple and reversible steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may worsen into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Notwithstanding, HCC may develop also in the absence of advanced fibrosis, causing a delayed time in diagnosis as a consequence of the lack of HCC screening in these patients. The precise event cascade that may precipitate NASH into HCC is intricate and it entails diverse triggers, encompassing exaggerated immune response, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress, organelle derangement and DNA aberrancies. All these events may be accelerated by both genetic and environmental factors. On one side, common and rare inherited variations that affect hepatic lipid remodeling, immune microenvironment and cell survival may boost the switching from steatohepatitis to liver cancer, on the other, diet-induced dysbiosis as well as nutritional and behavioral habits may furtherly precipitate tumor onset. Therefore, dietary and lifestyle interventions aimed to restore patients' health contribute to counteract NASH progression towards HCC. Even more, the combination of therapeutic strategies with dietary advice may maximize benefits, with the pursuit to improve liver function and prolong survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Dongiovanni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Marica Meroni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Miriam Longo
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Fargion
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Anna Ludovica Fracanzani
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (M.L.); (S.F.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xu Y, Guo Q, Wei L. The Emerging Influences of Alpha-Fetoprotein in the Tumorigenesis and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205096. [PMID: 34680245 PMCID: PMC8534193 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, and its mortality rate is the third-highest, after lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Currently, systematic targeted therapies for HCC mainly include multiple kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy. However, these drugs carry a black-box warning about the potential for inducing severe toxicity, and they do not significantly prolong the survival period of patients due to the highly heterogeneous characteristics of HCC etiology. In order to improve the prediction, effective treatment and prognosis of HCC, the tools and different biomarkers in clinical practices are recommended. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the earliest and the most widely used serum marker in the detection of HCC. Interestingly, serum AFP and cytoplasmic AFP show different, even opposite, roles in the cancer progression of HCC. This review focuses on biological characteristics, regulatory mechanisms for gene expression, emerging influences of AFP in HCC and its possible implications in HCC-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Libin Wei
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-25-83271055
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wongtrakul W, Niltwat S, Charatcharoenwitthaya P. The Effects of Modest Alcohol Consumption on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:744713. [PMID: 34513896 PMCID: PMC8429798 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.744713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: There is no consensus regarding modest alcohol consumption in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to conflicting results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the effects of modest alcohol consumption on histological severity, histological course, hepatocellular carcinoma, and long-term clinical outcomes in NAFLD patients. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception to October 2020 for studies evaluating the effects of modest alcohol consumption among patients with NAFLD. A random-effects meta-analysis using pooled odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) was calculated with 95% confidence interval (CI). Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: Fourteen cross-sectional or cohort studies with aggregate data on 14,435 patients were included in the analysis. Modest alcohol consumption resulted in lower risks for steatohepatitis (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.45–0.78; I2 = 12%) and advanced fibrosis (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.36–0.95; I2 = 75%). Histological follow-up data showed that modest alcohol use was associated significantly with less steatohepatitis resolution but not with fibrosis progression. The HR for developing hepatocellular carcinoma was 3.77 (95% CI 1.75–8.15; I2 = 0%). NAFLD patients with modest alcohol intake had a lower mortality risk than lifelong abstainers (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.75–0.95; I2 = 64%). Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that medical advice for modest alcohol drinking should be made cautiously in caring for an individual patient based on the clinical context. Practically, patients with steatohepatitis or advanced fibrosis should avoid alcohol use, whereas patients with low fibrosis risk may be allowed for modest and safe drinking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wasit Wongtrakul
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sorachat Niltwat
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shirai D, Shinkawa H, Takemura S, Tanaka S, Amano R, Kimura K, Kinoshita M, Kawada N, Kubo S. Impact of alcohol abstinence on survival after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with alcohol-related liver disease. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 68:102644. [PMID: 34386231 PMCID: PMC8346358 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of alcohol abstinence on survival after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Patients and methods In total, 92 patients with ALD-HCC who underwent initial and curative hepatic resection were identified, including 56 and 36 patients with and without alcohol abstinence, respectively. Results The 3-, 5-, and 7-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) were 46%, 43%, and 37% in the abstinence group, and 61%, 36%, and 36% in the non-abstinence group, respectively (p = 0.71). The 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival (OS) were 91%, 76%, and 66% in the abstinence group, and 87%, 57%, and 44% in the non-abstinence group, respectively (p = 0.023). Multivariate analysis revealed that non-abstinence was an independent prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.026). The incidence rate of liver-related death including HCC-specific death, liver failure, and renal failure in cirrhosis (hepatorenal syndrome) between the non-abstinence and abstinence groups were 41.7% vs. 19.6% (p = 0.032). Worsening of the Child–Pugh grade at intrahepatic recurrence was more frequently observed in the non-abstinence (33.3%) than that in the abstinence group (6.5%) (p = 0.039). Conclusions Alcohol abstinence might improve the long-term survival of patients with ALD-HCC undergoing hepatic resection. Non-abstinence after surgery was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival with a 2.2-fold increased risk. Worsening of Child–Pugh grade at intrahepatic recurrence was less frequently observed in the abstinent patients. Hepatic resection tended to be more frequently performed for the treatment of HCC recurrence in the abstinent patients. The incidence rate of liver-related death was significantly lower in the abstinent patients.
Collapse
Key Words
- ALD, alcohol-related liver disease
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- APRI, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Alcohol abstinence
- Alcohol-related liver disease
- BMI, body mass index
- FIB-4, fibrosis index based on four factors
- GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
- HBV, hepatitis B virus
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HCV, hepatitis C virus
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- OS, overall survival
- RFS, recurrence-free survival
- TACE, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Shirai
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroji Shinkawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Takemura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shogo Tanaka
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Amano
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kimura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kinoshita
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chowdhury MMH, Salazar CJJ, Nurunnabi M. Recent advances in bionanomaterials for liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4821-4842. [PMID: 34032223 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer associated with death worldwide. It demands effective treatment and diagnostic strategies to hinder its recurrence, complexities, aggressive metastasis and late diagnosis. With recent progress in nanotechnology, several nanoparticle-based diagnostic and therapeutic modalities have entered into clinical trials. With further developments in nanoparticle mediated liver cancer diagnosis and treatment, the approach holds promise for improved clinical liver cancer management. In this review, we discuss the key advances in nanoparticles that have potential for liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. We also discuss the potential of nanoparticles to overcome the limitations of existing therapeutic modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mehadi Hassan Chowdhury
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurnponds, Vic-3216, Australia and Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Nurunnabi
- Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968, USA. and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968, USA and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79902, USA and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Oyama A, Nouso K, Yoshimura K, Morimoto Y, Nakamura S, Onishi H, Takaki A, Iwadou S, Kariyama K, Kuwaki K, Yabushita K, Sakaguchi K, Toshimori J, Kobashi H, Moriya A, Ando M, Okada H. Randomized controlled study to examine the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with cisplatin before radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2021; 51:694-701. [PMID: 33687130 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with cisplatin is beneficial to patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib. This study aimed to examine the effect of HAIC with cisplatin before radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with HCC. METHODS This was a multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled study (UMIN000007267). Early-stage HCC patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive HAIC with cisplatin before RFA therapy (HAIC group) or RFA monotherapy (non-HAIC group). The primary end-point was recurrence-free survival. Efficacy analysis and safety analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS Between August 2012 and July 2016, 74 patients were recruited. A total of 70 eligible patients were randomly assigned to the HAIC group (n = 35) and non-HAIC group (n = 35). Recurrence-free survival rates at 1 (3) year in the HAIC group and non-HAIC group were 82.9% (54.3%) and 74.3% (34.3%), respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.597; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.320-1.091; p = 0.094]. Subgroup analysis showed that the beneficial effect of HAIC was observed in patients with a single nodule and Child-Pugh score 5. Intrahepatic distant recurrence-free survival rate in the HAIC group was significantly better than that in the non-HAIC group (HR, 0.468; 95% CI, 0.235-0.896; p = 0.022). Adverse events were observed in just two patients in the HAIC group (6%) - grade 2 cholecystitis and grade 2 hyperkalemia. CONCLUSIONS HAIC with cisplatin before RFA did not significantly decrease recurrence in patients with early-stage HCC. However, it might be effective in preventing intrahepatic distant recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshimura
- Medical Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Morimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideki Onishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akinobu Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shouta Iwadou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kariyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuwaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yabushita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kosaku Sakaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jyunichi Toshimori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akio Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mitoyo General Hospital, Kannonji, Japan
| | - Masaharu Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mitoyo General Hospital, Kannonji, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hyun J, Han J, Lee C, Yoon M, Jung Y. Pathophysiological Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism in the Liver. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115717. [PMID: 34071962 PMCID: PMC8197869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver disease caused by chronic or binge consumption of alcohol. The liver is the major organ that metabolizes alcohol; therefore, it is particularly sensitive to alcohol intake. Metabolites and byproducts generated during alcohol metabolism cause liver damage, leading to ALD via several mechanisms, such as impairing lipid metabolism, intensifying inflammatory reactions, and inducing fibrosis. Despite the severity of ALD, the development of novel treatments has been hampered by the lack of animal models that fully mimic human ALD. To overcome the current limitations of ALD studies and therapy development, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced liver injury. Hence, to provide insights into the progression of ALD, this review examines previous studies conducted on alcohol metabolism in the liver. There is a particular focus on the occurrence of ALD caused by hepatotoxicity originating from alcohol metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongeun Hyun
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Jinsol Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea; (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Chanbin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea; (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Myunghee Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
| | - Youngmi Jung
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea; (J.H.); (C.L.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2262
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kabiri N, Khodayari‐zarnaq R, Khoshbaten M, Janati A. Policy Analysis of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention in Iran: A Framework Based on a Qualitative Study. WORLD MEDICAL & HEALTH POLICY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
36
|
Mathkar PP, Chen X, Sulovari A, Li D. Characterization of Hepatitis B Virus Integrations Identified in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Genomes. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020245. [PMID: 33557409 PMCID: PMC7915589 DOI: 10.3390/v13020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Almost half of HCC cases are associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, which often lead to HBV sequence integrations in the human genome. Accurate identification of HBV integration sites at a single nucleotide resolution is critical for developing a better understanding of the cancer genome landscape and of the disease itself. Here, we performed further analyses and characterization of HBV integrations identified by our recently reported VIcaller platform in recurrent or known HCC genes (such as TERT, MLL4, and CCNE1) as well as non-recurrent cancer-related genes (such as CSMD2, NKD2, and RHOU). Our pathway enrichment analysis revealed multiple pathways involving the alcohol dehydrogenase 4 gene, such as the metabolism pathways of retinol, tyrosine, and fatty acid. Further analysis of the HBV integration sites revealed distinct patterns involving the integration upper breakpoints, integrated genome lengths, and integration allele fractions between tumor and normal tissues. Our analysis also implies that the VIcaller method has diagnostic potential through discovering novel clonal integrations in cancer-related genes. In conclusion, although VIcaller is a hypothesis free virome-wide approach, it can still be applied to accurately identify genome-wide integration events of a specific candidate virus and their integration allele fractions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranav P. Mathkar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.P.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.P.M.); (A.S.)
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (D.L.)
| | - Arvis Sulovari
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.P.M.); (A.S.)
- Cajal Neuroscience Inc., Seattle, WA 98102, USA
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; (P.P.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (D.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Minzer S, Estruch R, Casas R. Wine Intake in the Framework of a Mediterranean Diet and Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases: A Short Literature Review of the Last 5 Years. Molecules 2020; 25:E5045. [PMID: 33143082 PMCID: PMC7663679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary habits are a determining factor of the higher incidence and prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In the aim to find a possible preventive and intervention strategy, the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed as an effective approach. Within the MedDiet, moderate wine consumption with meals is a positive item in the MedDiet score; however, recent studies have reported a dose-response association between alcohol consumption and higher risk of a large number of NCDs. This review aimed to evaluate the association between NCDs and wine consumption in the framework of the MedDiet, with a simple review of 22 studies of the highest-level literature published over the last five years. We found that the information regarding the effects of wine in different health outcomes has not varied widely over the past five years, finding inconclusive results among the studies evaluated. Most of the literature agrees that light to moderate wine intake seems to have beneficial effects to some extent in NCDs, such as hypertension, cancer, dyslipidemia and dementia, but no definitive recommendations can be made on a specific dose intake that can benefit most diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Minzer
- El Pino Hospital, Avenida Padre Hurtado, San Bernardo, 13560 Santiago de Chile, Chile;
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER) 06/03, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER) 06/03, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mehta R, Tang Qinghe, Tsilimigras DI, Paredes A, Dillhoff M, Cloyd JM, Ejaz A, Tsung A, Spolverato G, Pawlik TM. Long-term outcomes after resection of alcohol-related versus hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A SEER-Medicare database analysis. Am J Surg 2020; 222:167-172. [PMID: 33131693 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to define the relative impact of alcohol and/or hepatitis-related HCC etiology on the outcomes of patients who underwent resection or transplantation for HCC. METHODS The SEER-Medicare database was used to identify patients with HCC between 2004 and 2015. Patients with history of alcohol abuse or hepatitis were identified. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Among 1140 patients, 11.9% (n = 136) of patients had alcohol-related HCC, 30.0% (n = 342) hepatitis-related HCC, and 58.1% (n = 662) had other cause-related HCC. On multivariable analysis, patients with alcohol-related HCC (HR:1.06, 95%CI:0.82-1.35) or hepatitis-related HCC (HR:1.05, 95%CI:0.88-1.26) had similar hazards of death compared with patients who had non-alcohol/non-hepatitis-related HCC. Patients who had tumor size ≤5 cm had lower hazards of death (HR:0.81, 95%CI:0.68-0.97), while individuals who underwent liver resection (vs. transplantation) had almost a two-fold higher hazards of death (HR:1.99, 95%CI:1.47-2.69). CONCLUSION Tumor specific factors (i.e. tumor size and stage) and operative approach (i.e. resection vs. transplantation) -rather than HCC etiology- dictated both OS and CSS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rittal Mehta
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tang Qinghe
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Anghela Paredes
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mary Dillhoff
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan M Cloyd
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aslam Ejaz
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gaya Spolverato
- Department of Surgical, Gastroenterological and Oncological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Matsuura T, Ohfuji S, Enomoto M, Tamori A, Kubo S, Kioka K, Kawada N, Fukushima W. Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in treated chronic hepatitis C patients-Relationship to smoking and alcohol. JGH OPEN 2020; 4:867-875. [PMID: 33102757 PMCID: PMC7578324 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aim The purpose of this study was to identify lifestyle risk factors, such as cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, in relation to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among chronic hepatitis C patients who have achieved a sustained virologic response (SVR). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2014 and 2017 using self-administered questionnaires and medical information at two tertiary hospitals in Osaka, Japan. Study subjects were chronic hepatitis C patients who had achieved SVR without HCC following antiviral treatment that was completed more than 1 year earlier. A logistic regression model was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the development of post-SVR HCC for each factor. Results Of 202 participants, 18 patients were diagnosed with post-SVR HCC. After considering potential confounders, former drinkers at the time of SVR (OR, 9.51; 95% CI, 1.08-83.90) and patients with a history of gastric or duodenal ulcer (OR, 4.14; 95% CI, 1.37-12.46) were significantly associated with HCC. In addition, among patients with severe fibrosis, current smokers at the time of SVR had an increased OR for HCC compared with never smokers, with marginal significance (OR, 5.61; 95% CI, 0.97-32.63). Conclusions In chronic hepatitis C patients with severe fibrosis, continuing smoking after achieving SVR could be a risk factor for post-SVR HCC. The relationship between gastric or duodenal ulcer history and post-SVR HCC should be investigated further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Matsuura
- Department of Public Health Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan.,Department of Hepatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Satoko Ohfuji
- Department of Public Health Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Kiyohide Kioka
- Department of Hepatology Osaka City General Hospital Osaka Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| | - Wakaba Fukushima
- Department of Public Health Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
An excessive alcohol intake may result in fatty liver, acute/chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this review is to clarify the present condition and the mechanisms of alcohol-related hepatocarcinogenesis and clinical risk factors for alcohol-related HCC. There are several possible mechanisms through which alcohol may induce hepatocarcinogenesis, including the mutagenic effects of acetaldehyde toxicity through the formation of protein and DNA adducts and the production of reactive oxygen species due to the excessive hepatic deposition of iron, changes to lipid peroxidation and metabolism, inflammation and an impaired immune response and modifications to DNA methylation. Furthermore, it has been reported that alcohol accelerates liver carcinogenesis through several signaling pathways including gut-liver axis. From a clinical perspective, it is well known that alcohol interacts with other factors, such as age, gender, viral hepatitis, obesity, and diabetes leading to an increased risk of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Taniai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The commercial marketplace has seen a rapid increase in the number of over-the-counter charcoal-containing mouthwashes. The purpose of this systemic review was to examine the clinical and laboratory evidence supporting therapeutic claims of efficacy and safety of use of charcoal-based mouthwashes. Secondly, the product labels and information of 36 commercially marketed charcoal mouthwashes were reviewed for active ingredients. Only 8% of charcoal mouthwashes contained an active ingredient, such as cetylpyridinium chloride or chlorhexidine. There is insufficient evidence to substantiate the therapeutic and cosmetic marketing claims of charcoal-based mouthwashes, including antimicrobial activity, anti-halitosis, tooth whitening, periodontal disease control, caries reduction and tooth remineralisation, among others. Moreover, there is no available information on charcoal particulate size or abrasivity of any of these products. Dental clinicians should advise their patients to exercise caution when using over-the-counter charcoal-containing mouthwashes because of the lack of evidence supporting therapeutic or cosmetic effectiveness as well as safety.
Collapse
|
42
|
Sobhanimonfared F, Bamdad T, Roohvand F. Cross talk between alcohol-induced oxidative stress and HCV replication. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1889-1898. [PMID: 32448963 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01909-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption exacerbates the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and aggravates disease consequences in alcohol-abusing patients. Although the exact reasons by which alcohol consumption affects several cellular pathways in liver cells are not clear, they might be partially attributed to the ability of alcohol to further suppress the innate immunity, modulation of autophagy and also its relationship with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. To evaluate these issues, Huh7 cells harboring HCV replicon and Cytochrome p450 (CYP2E1) plasmid were exposed to ethanol and mRNA expression of Beclin-1, interferon-stimulated gene15 (ISG15) genes and HCV NS5B for two different times were relatively quantitated. ROS was determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that alcohol treatment in a short time caused an increase in HCV NS5B and Beclin-1 mRNA and decreased ISG 15 mRNA. Long-lasting alcohol treatment increased ROS production in Huh-7 cells and HCV replication was reduced. In conclusion, acute alcohol treatment might contribute to increase HCV replication by interference in innate immunity and induction of autophagy. Chronic alcohol treatment caused oxidative stress, which disrupts autophagy and thereby increased the rate of Huh7 cell injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sobhanimonfared
- Department of Virology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taravat Bamdad
- Department of Virology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzin Roohvand
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 69, Pasteur Ave, 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Luo Y, Ye J, Wei J, Zhang J, Li Y. Long non‑coding RNA‑based risk scoring system predicts prognosis of alcohol‑related hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:997-1007. [PMID: 32468063 PMCID: PMC7339747 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve a crucial role in predicting prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, prognostic performance may not be the same for alcohol‑related HCC. The aim of the present study was to screen prognosis‑associated lncRNAs and construct a risk scoring system for alcohol‑related HCC. The expression profiles of lncRNAs in 113 patients with alcohol‑related HCC and 224 with non‑alcohol‑related HCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and screened for differentially expressed lncRNAs. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognosis‑associated lncRNAs and select the optimal lncRNA model. A risk scoring system was established to calculate the risk score for each patient. The prognostic ability of this system was tested. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for genes that were highly associated with lncRNA expression. A total of 102 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified between alcohol‑related and non‑alcohol‑related HCC. Four lncRNAs (AC012640.1, AC013451.2, AC062004.1 and LINC02334) were used to construct the risk assessment model to predict overall survival (OS), and five lncRNAs (ERVH48‑1, LINC02043, LINC01605, AC062004.1 and AL139385) were used to predict recurrence‑free survival (RFS). Patients were assigned to high‑ or low‑risk groups according to the risk score. OS in the high‑risk group was significantly shorter than that of the low‑risk group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of risk scoring systems was >0.7. The risk score was an independent prognostic factor for alcohol‑related HCC. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that lncRNA‑related genes found in this system were mainly involved in chemical carcinogenesis, drug metabolism, and the cell cycle. In conclusion, this study developed and validated a prognostic scoring system for alcohol‑related HCC based on lncRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxiang Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jiazhang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ganesan M, Eikenberry A, Poluektova LY, Kharbanda KK, Osna NA. Role of alcohol in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:883-903. [PMID: 32206001 PMCID: PMC7081008 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i9.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and alcohol abuse often contribute to the development of end-stage liver disease. Alcohol abuse not only causes rapid progression of liver disease in HBV infected patients but also allows HBV to persist chronically. Importantly, the mechanism by which alcohol promotes the progression of HBV-associated liver disease are not completely understood. Potential mechanisms include a suppressed immune response, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus stresses, and increased HBV replication. Certainly, more research is necessary to gain a better understanding of these mechanisms such that treatment(s) to prevent rapid liver disease progression in alcohol-abusing HBV patients could be developed. In this review, we discuss the aforementioned factors for the higher risk of liver diseases in alcohol-induced HBV pathogenies and suggest the areas for future studies in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
| | - Allison Eikenberry
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
| | - Larisa Y Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
| | - Natalia A Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shi J, Ren M, She X, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Han Y, Lu D, Lyu L. Transgelin-2 contributes to proliferation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating Annexin A2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 523:632-638. [PMID: 31941608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, but its pathogenesis is not clear. This study found that the expression of TAGLN2 mRNA and protein in HCC was higher than that in adjacent tissues. TCGA database analysis further confirmed this result, and found that the expression of TAGLN2 was positively correlated with the prognosis of HCC, suggesting that TAGLN2 may be a tumor promoter gene. Then the TAGLN2-Annexin A2 (ANXA2) interaction and NF-κB signaling pathway were further clarified during the invasion and metastasis of HCC. This mechanism provides a theoretical basis for further finding molecular targets and drug targets related to HCC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingpei Shi
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Manting Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xianlan She
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Han
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Di Lu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Lechun Lyu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang B, Ding H, Chen Q, Wang T, Zhang K. Prussian blue nanoparticle-labeled aptasensing platform on graphene oxide for voltammetric detection of α-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma with target recycling. Analyst 2019; 144:4858-4864. [PMID: 31294738 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme-free electrochemical aptasensing platform based on a graphene oxide nanosheet-modified gold-disk electrode was developed for the voltammetric detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in hepatocellular carcinoma by using a Prussian blue nanoparticle (PBNP)-labeled aptamer. The electroactive PBNP, a typical signal-generation tag, was utilized for the labeling of the aminated AFP aptamer by using covalent conjugation. The electrochemical sensing platform was prepared in a simple manner on the basis of a π-π stacking reaction between the immobilized graphene oxide and the PBNP-labeled AFP aptamer. Upon target AFP introduction, the analyte reacted with the aptamer, thus resulting in the dissociation of the PBNP from the nanosheets. In the presence of DNase I, the newly formed AFP/aptamer-PBNP complex was cleaved to release target AFP, which could react again with the aptamer on the nanosheets, thereby causing target recycling. During this process, the cleaved PBNP-aptamer was far away from the electrode to decrease the voltammetric signal. Under optimum conditions, the voltammetric peak current of the modified electrode decreased with the increment of the target AFP concentration within the linear range of 0.01-300 ng mL-1 at a low detection limit of 6.3 pg mL-1. The precision and reproducibility of the aptasensing protocol were acceptable (CV: <15% for intra-assay and inter-assay). Other possible nontarget biomarkers did not interfere significantly with the voltammetric signal of this system. Human serum samples containing target AFP were assayed with electrochemical aptasensing and a commercial human AFP ELISA kit, and gave well-matched results from these two methods. Importantly, our strategy provides a new horizon for the determination of disease-related proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Jiangxi People's Hospital, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Kunhe Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|