1
|
Lu Q, Qu L, Xie C, Shu Y, Gao F, Zou M, Fan X, Luo X, Meng J, Xue Y, Cao Y. Relationship between social isolation and glycaemic control of people previously diagnosed with diabetes: secondary analysis from the CHARLS. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e076106. [PMID: 38508640 PMCID: PMC10953297 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social isolation may affect diabetes self-management. This study aimed to explore the relations between social isolation and glycaemic control in patients with diabetes and to explore lifestyle differences among individuals with different levels of social isolation. METHODS The relevant data of 665 people previously diagnosed with diabetes included in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015 were extracted and analysed. The study included patient general information, blood glucose, lipids, glycosylated haemoglobin, social isolation index, health-related lifestyle factors and diabetes-related factors. Differences in metabolic abnormalities and modifiable lifestyles were compared among patients with varying levels of social isolation. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that among men aged 45-64 years, the high social isolation group had significantly higher glycosylated haemoglobin levels compared with the low isolation group (7.29±1.81 vs 6.59±1.63, p=0.026). A positive correlation was observed between social isolation and blood glucose (β=14.16; 95% CI 2.75 to 25.57; p=0.015) and glycosylated haemoglobin (β=0.35; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.60; p=0.006), indicating that higher social isolation was associated with higher fasting blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels. However, no significant associations were observed in other age groups. Notably, men aged 45-65 years with high social isolation had higher depression rates (44.10% vs 24.60%, p=0.024), lower engagement in moderate exercise (5.70% vs 23.50%, p=0.019) and shorter 10-minute walks (17.10% vs 36.80%, p=0.027). Differences in other health-related and diabetes-related factors were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Middle-aged men with diabetes with higher social isolation tend to have higher blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels. This subset of patients requires targeted attention to provide social support from family and friends for improved glycaemic control. If necessary, education on diabetes should be made available to family members and friends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital ,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan City, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyuan Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuihua Xie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital ,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan City, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengchen Zou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinzhao Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangrong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfu Meng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaoming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Awoyinka I, Tovar M, Young S, Beyer K, Kwarteng J, Knight J, Stolley M. Examining the role of social relationships on health and health behaviors in African American men with prostate cancer: a qualitative analysis. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:178. [PMID: 38381216 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08363-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer survivor cohort studies document the positive impact of health behaviors on cancer survivorship by influencing quality of life, comorbidity burden, and cancer recurrence. Social networks can be instrumental in supporting health behavior changes. This study used qualitative interviews to explore how social networks may impact health and health behaviors of African American Prostate Cancer Survivors (AAPCS) enrolled in Men Moving Forward (MMF), a lifestyle intervention designed with and for AAPCS. Specifically, we sought to understand how different relationships within social networks influence health and health behaviors, and to identify potential mechanisms for this influence. METHODS Eighteen men who completed the MMF intervention participated in a semi-structured interview which explored social connections, health and health behaviors, stress, and the cancer experience. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and thematic analysis was performed by two coders. RESULTS Participants described robust social networks of friends and family. Four distinct yet overlapping themes were identified that described how relationships influence health and health behaviors among AAPCS: (1) provision of knowledge, (2) health and behavior history, (3) encouragement and support, and (4) shared behavior. CONCLUSIONS These results provide initial insight into the types of relationships that influence health, and the intersecting and multifaceted mechanisms through which this influence occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwalola Awoyinka
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Margaret Tovar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Staci Young
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Kirsten Beyer
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Institute for Health and Equity, Division of Epidemiology and Social Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, WI, Milwaukee, US
| | - Jamila Kwarteng
- Institute for Health and Equity, Division of Community Health, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jennifer Knight
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Melinda Stolley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gilder CM, Gorin AA, Huedo-Medina T, Cooksey-Stowers K, McCaffery JM, Denmat Z, Field C, Wyckoff E, LaRose J, O'Connor K, Marfo N, Leahey TM. Impact of social connectedness on weight loss outcomes in an online program. J Behav Med 2024; 47:144-152. [PMID: 37698801 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is linked to many negative health consequences. While online behavioral weight loss programs (BWL) are an effective treatment for obesity, weight losses are modest. Social connectedness has been found to improve weight loss outcomes and previous findings suggests that it may be especially important for people of color. The present study investigated the impact of social connectedness (structural connectedness, or network size; relationship quality, and functional connectedness, or social support) on weight loss outcomes in an online BWL program and whether Black race or Hispanic ethnicity moderates the relationship between social connectedness and weight loss. Participants (N = 387) enrolled in a 16-week online BWL program and completed measures of social connectedness before treatment and had their weight measured. Individuals with less structural connectedness (smaller social networks) had greater weight losses. Further, higher levels of functional connectedness (affectionate support, positive support, and relationship quality) mediated the relationship between smaller network size and better weight loss outcomes. Black race / Hispanic ethnicity did not moderate the relationship between social connectedness and weight loss. These findings suggest that the quality of one's relationships, not the size of one's social network, is important for weight loss. Future studies may examine whether online BWL programs that build relationship quality and affectionate and positive support in participants' existing social networks improve overall weight loss outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carnisha M Gilder
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Amy A Gorin
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tania Huedo-Medina
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kristen Cooksey-Stowers
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jeanne M McCaffery
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zeely Denmat
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Christiana Field
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Emily Wyckoff
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jessica LaRose
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - Kayla O'Connor
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nana Marfo
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tricia M Leahey
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang TS, Afshar R, Elliott T, Kong J, Gill S. From clinic to community: A randomized controlled trial of a peer support model for adults with type 2 diabetes from specialty care settings in British Columbia. Diabet Med 2022; 39:e14931. [PMID: 36052812 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the impact of a 12-month peer-led diabetes self-management support intervention delivered via telephone amongst adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from specialty care settings in British Columbia (BC). METHODS One-hundred ninety-six adults with T2D were randomly assigned to either a 12-month Peer-Led, Empowerment-based, Approach, to Self-management Efforts in Diabetes (PLEASED) intervention or a usual care condition. PLEASED involved weekly telephone contacts from a peer leader (PL) in the first 3 months followed by bi-weekly telephone contacts in the last 9 months. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3 and 12 months. The primary outcome was HbA1c ; secondary outcomes included diabetes distress (DD), ApoB, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), body mass index, waist circumference and depressive symptoms. RESULTS No within or between group changes were observed for HbA1c at 3 or 12 months. However, amongst participants with HbA1c ≥ 69 mmol/mol (8.5%), the PLEASED group significantly lowered their HbA1c at 12 months [-11.7 mmol/mol (-1.07%); 95% CI: -20.7, -2.5 (-1.89, -0.23); p = 0.016] compared to usual care. Amongst secondary outcomes, within-group improvements in overall DD were found at 3 months (-0.21; 95% CI: -0.35, -0.08; p = 0.002) for the PLEASED group and at 12 months for both groups (PLEASED: -0.35; 95% CI: -0.49, -0.21; p < 0.001 and control: -0.33; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.19; p < 0.001), however, no between-group differences were observed. The PLEASED group improved systolic BP at 12 months (-5.4 mm Hg; 95% CI: -10.0, -0.8; p = 0.023) compared to usual care. CONCLUSIONS Participation in a peer support intervention in diabetes delivered via telephone leads to long-term improvements in HbA1c amongst high-risk adults with T2D living in BC. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NT02804620).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tricia S Tang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rowshanak Afshar
- Department of Family Medicine, University of British Columbia, West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thomas Elliott
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jason Kong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sabrina Gill
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu S, Leduc N, Moullec G. Type 2 diabetes peer support interventions as a complement to primary care settings in high-income nations: A scoping review. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2022; 105:3267-3278. [PMID: 36038395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inadequate social support make way for peer support initiatives to complement the health system delivery of diabetes self-management education programs for type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review synthesizes knowledge about T2D peer support in terms of their various models and impact, endorsement, and contextual information in high-income nations. METHODS A scoping review was conducted on published and grey literature in four electronic bibliographic databases between January 2007 to December 2021. RESULTS 76 records were included. Face-to-face self-management programs and telephone-based peer support seem the most promising modalities given the largest scientific coverage on T2D outcomes. Face-to-face self-management programs were the most preferred by ethnic minority groups. Unlike peer supporters, healthcare professionals had mixed views about T2D peer support interventions. Managers of peer support programs perceived cultural competency as a cornerstone for peer support implementation. Care must be taken in recruiting, training and retaining peer supporters for sustainable practice. CONCLUSIONS Various T2D peer support models lie at the interface between primary care and community-based settings. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Fostering the role of peer support beyond healthcare organizations should be encouraged to engage the hardly reached, and to leverage community support to complement the health system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Lu
- University of Montreal, School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Nicole Leduc
- University of Montreal, School of Public Health, Department of Health Management, Evaluation and Policy, Montreal, Canada
| | - Grégory Moullec
- University of Montreal, School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Eye Care Practice of Type II Diabetic Patients in Southern Iran. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:8263495. [PMID: 36046813 PMCID: PMC9424046 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8263495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ocular complication caused by diabetes is one of the most common reasons of blindness in the world. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention on eye care practice of type II diabetic patients based on health belief model (HBM) in Fasa city. Methods This study was a quasi-experimental study on 100 patients with type II diabetes referred to the diabetes center in Fasa city, Fars province, Iran, in 2019. Data were collected using a valid self-reported questionnaire including demographic variables, knowledge, and HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action), and eye care performance (based on self-report) and the level of HbA1cof both groups were measured before and three months after the educational intervention. The experimental group received training in eight sessions; each session lasted for 50 to 55 minutes. In order to analyze the studied data, SPSS 22 software (SPSS Inc., IBM, Chicago, IL, USA), Chi-square, independent t-test, and paired t-test have been used. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The results showed that the mean scores of knowledge (P < 0.001) and HBM components (P < 0.001) in the experimental and control groups after intervention have a significant difference. After the training program, eye care performance in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, HbA1c (P < 0.001) improved significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusions Planning and implementing education using the HBM to improve eye care performance in diabetic patients are very effective and beneficial. Moreover, educational programs based on health education and health promotion models for diabetic patients for preventing side effects caused by diabetes should be performed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee S, Niakosari Hadidi N, Lindgren BR, Kelley R, Lindquist R. Peer Group Support Intervention to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk for African American Men According to Life's Simple 7 in Faith-Based Communities. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2022; 36:RTNP-2021-0111.R1. [PMID: 35705256 DOI: 10.1891/rtnp-2021-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adverse cardiovascular health disparities persist for African American men. Although changing health behaviors is perhaps one of the most effective methods to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related deaths, previous behavior change programs targeting single or multiple CVD risk factors in target groups have had mixed success. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether a multi-faceted peer group intervention model based on American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 was feasible, safe, acceptable, and efficacious in producing meaningful risk reduction for African American men. METHODS A convenience sample of 24 African American men with at least one CVD risk factor participated quasi-experimental study having peer intervention vs. nonequivalent comparison groups, with pretest-posttests at two church sites in Minneapolis, MN (MPLS) and Washington, D.C. (DC). Feasibility, safety, acceptability, and potential efficacy were assessed by examining completion of peer group sessions, adverse events, attendance, attrition, within and between-group changes in measures using nonparametric statistics. RESULTS All twenty-four men completed the study with no study-related adverse symptoms and medical events. The peer groups had moderate to high attendance, and the peer program evaluation was highly positive among participants. Between baseline and 6-months, there were significant differences between the intervention and the comparison group in cholesterol levels and weights (p = .041, p = .034, respectively) at one site (DC). There were no significant between-group changes at the other site (MPLS). IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE The multi-faceted peer support intervention was feasible, acceptable, and shown to have potential efficacy to reduce CVD risk for highly motivated African American men. Future studies with a larger sample size are needed to test the effectiveness of this intervention model to reduce CVD risk among African American men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohye Lee
- Assistant Professor, University of Memphis, Loewenberg College of Nursing, 4055 North Park Loop, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Niloufar Niakosari Hadidi
- Associate Professor, University of Minnesota, School of Nursing, 5-140 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bruce R Lindgren
- Senior Biostatistician, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, 425 E River Pkwy, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Ruth Lindquist
- Professor Emeritus, University of Minnesota, School of Nursing, 5-140 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard Street SE,, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cornely RM, Subramanya V, Owen A, McGee RE, Kulshreshtha A. A mixed-methods approach to understanding the perspectives, experiences, and attitudes of a culturally tailored cognitive behavioral therapy/motivational interviewing intervention for African American patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized parallel design pilot study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:107. [PMID: 35597972 PMCID: PMC9123732 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background African American (AA) adults are 60% more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and experience more complications than non-Hispanic White adults. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to be an effective modality for helping patients improve health behaviors and regulate emotional states. Motivational interviewing (MI) addresses participant engagement and motivation. Therefore, MI was combined with CBT as an approach to the process of learning using CBT skills to promote healthy lifestyle choices. We aimed to assess the effects of a culturally tailored CBT/MI intervention on glycemic control in AA participants and understand their perspectives, attitudes, and experiences while participating in this intervention. Methods Using a randomized, parallel design pilot study (web-based group vs in-person group), 20 participants aged ≥ 18 years, identifying as AA and having a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 8%, were recruited. A CBT/MI intervention was administered in six sessions over 3 months. Participants completed baseline and follow-up assessments on measures for diabetes control (HbA1c), self-efficacy, generalized anxiety, depression, perceived stress, health-related quality of life, and cognitive ability. Post-CBT/MI intervention focus groups were conducted to determine patient perspectives regarding the intervention. Results Fourteen participants completed the study, their mean HbA1c improved from 10.0 to 8.9% (t(26) = 0.5, p-value = 0.06). The Diabetes Distress Scale demonstrated decreased distress overall (t(26) = 2.6; p-value = 0.02). The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale demonstrated decreased generalized anxiety for all participants (t(26) = 2.2; p = 0.04). Themes identified in focus groups included (1) intervention group social support through information sharing, (2) mental health and personal identities in diabetes understanding and management, and (3) receptivity to CBT/MI intervention positively impacts self-efficacy through improved health literacy. Conclusion This group-based, culturally tailored CBT/MI intervention for type 2 DM care was positively received by AA participants and helped improve diabetes control, as demonstrated by the change in HbA1c. There were additional benefits of social support through group interactions and a stronger sense of self-efficacy due to health education. A comprehensive treatment plan using a CBT/MI intervention may be useful in promoting healthy diabetes self-management. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03562767. Registered on 19 June 2018
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M Cornely
- Behavioral, Social, & Health Education Sciences Department, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vinita Subramanya
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ashley Owen
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 4500 North Shallowford Rd
- Suite 134, Atlanta, GA, 30338, USA
| | - Robin E McGee
- Behavioral, Social, & Health Education Sciences Department, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ambar Kulshreshtha
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 4500 North Shallowford Rd
- Suite 134, Atlanta, GA, 30338, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Slater A, Cantero PJ, Alvarez G, Cervantes BS, Bracho A, Billimek J. Latino Health Access: Comparative Effectiveness of a Community-Initiated Promotor/a-Led Diabetes Self-management Education Program. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2022; 45:34-45. [PMID: 34783689 PMCID: PMC9831659 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Community-initiated health interventions fill important gaps in access to health services. This study examines the effectiveness of a community-initiated health intervention to improve diabetes management in an underserved community of color using a retrospective observational study, comparing a study intervention, the Latino Health Access Diabetes Self-Management Program (LHA-DSMP), with usual care. The LHA-DSMP is a 12-session community health worker (promotor/a) intervention developed and implemented by a community-based organization in a medically underserved area. Usual care was delivered at a federally qualified health center in the same geographic area. Participants were 688 predominantly Spanish-speaking Latinx adults with type 2 diabetes. The main outcome was change in glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) from baseline to follow-up. At 14-week follow-up, mean (95% CI) HbA1c decrease was -1.1 (-1.3 to -0.9; P < .001) in the LHA-DSMP cohort compared with -0.3 (-0.4 to -0.2; P < .001) in the comparison cohort. Controlling for baseline differences between cohorts, the adjusted difference-in-differences value in HbA1c was -0.6 (-0.8 to -0.3; P < .001) favoring the LHA-DSMP. A community-initiated promotor/a-led educational program for diabetes self-management is associated with clinically significant improvement in blood sugar control, superior to what was observed with usual medical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Slater
- Program in Medical Education for the Latino Community (PRIME-LC), School of Medicine (Dr Slater and Dr Billimek), Health Policy Research Institute (Mr Cervantes and Dr Billimek), and Department of Family Medicine (Dr Billimek), University of California, Irvine; and Latino Health Access, Santa Ana, California (Drs Cantero and Bracho and Mr Alvarez)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Finnan M, Agarwal S. Identifying and Reducing Disparities in Young Adults With Diabetes. Diabetes Spectr 2021; 34:336-344. [PMID: 34866866 PMCID: PMC8603125 DOI: 10.2337/dsi21-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This article outlines how social and health care determinants can affect young adults with diabetes. The authors provide a detailed description of each determinant's influence on diabetes self-management and offer solutions to help mitigate these harmful effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly Finnan
- Department of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Shivani Agarwal
- Fleischer Institute of Diabetes and Metabolism, New York Regional Center for Diabetes Translation Research, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Corresponding author: Shivani Agarwal,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Garizábalo-Dávila CM, Rodríguez-Acelas AL, Mattiello R, Cañon-Montañez W. Social Support Intervention for Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.2147/oajct.s314030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
12
|
McMillan C, Schaefer DR. Comparing targeting strategies for network-based adolescent drinking interventions: A simulation approach. Soc Sci Med 2021; 282:114136. [PMID: 34175574 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Public health researchers and social scientists highlight the promise of network-based strategies to inform and enhance interventions that curb risky adolescent health behaviors. However, we currently lack an understanding of how different variants of network-based interventions shape the distribution of targeted behaviors. The current project considers the effectiveness of five targeting strategies that are designed to have differential impacts on the health of program participants versus non-participants. Using simulations that are empirically-grounded in 28 observed school-based networks from the PROSPER study, we evaluate how these approaches shape long-term alcohol use for intervention participants and non-participants, separately, and consider whether contextual factors moderate their success. Findings suggest that enrolling well-connected adolescents results in the lowest drinking levels for non-participants, while strategies that target groups of friends excel at protecting participants from harmful influences. These trends become increasingly pronounced in contexts characterized by higher levels of peer influence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cassie McMillan
- Northeastern University, 900 Renaissance Park, Boston, MA, 02115, United States.
| | - David R Schaefer
- University of California-Irvine, 3151 Social Sciences Plaza, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Goff LM, Moore A, Harding S, Rivas C. Providing culturally sensitive diabetes self-management education and support for black African and Caribbean communities: a qualitative exploration of the challenges experienced by healthcare practitioners in inner London. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/2/e001818. [PMID: 33293296 PMCID: PMC7725076 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor access to, and engagement with, diabetes healthcare is a significant issue for black British communities who are disproportionately burdened by type 2 diabetes (T2D). Tackling these inequalities is a healthcare priority. The purpose of this research was to explore the experiences of healthcare practitioners providing diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) to African and Caribbean adults living with T2D to inform the development of a culturally tailored DSMES program. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were carried out with a range of healthcare practitioners including diabetes specialist nurses, dietitians and general practitioners based in primary care in inner London. Thematic content analysis was used to identify barriers and facilitators relating to the provision of effective DSMES. RESULTS Ten interviews were conducted. There was a strong consensus among healthcare practitioners for the importance of DSMES in T2D healthcare. However, practitioners discussed this area of practice as overwhelmingly challenging and recognized a wide range of barriers that they face. Four themes were identified: (1) The tension between structural and responsive care needs, particularly with growing numbers of patients alongside incentivized targets driving a care agenda that does not meet the needs of diverse communities; (2) challenges posed by cultural beliefs and practices, particularly a distrust of conventional medicine, rejection of body mass index standards and a belief in 'God's will'; (3) building relationships through cultural understanding: insiders and outsiders, particularly the benefits of racial concordance and cultural knowledge/resources and (4) getting the messages across, particularly the need to address gaps in structured education. CONCLUSION Provision of culturally sensitive DSMES is a challenging area of practice for practitioners, who recognize the need for more training and resources to support them in developing cultural competence. Nonetheless, practitioners recognize the importance of DSMES and are striving to provide culturally sensitive care to their patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Goff
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda Moore
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Carol Rivas
- Department of Social Science, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
A systematic review of nudge theories and strategies used to influence adult health behaviour and outcome in diabetes management. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2020; 46:450-460. [PMID: 32387700 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with a variety of complications, and nudging may be a potential solution to improve diabetes control. Since nudging is a new concept, no review of literature on nudging diabetic patients into improving their health behaviour has been done. Therefore, we aim to collate a list of nudge intervention and determine the context in which nudging is successful. METHODS We adopted a two-arm search strategy comprising the search of literature databases and snowballing using relevant search terms. We summarized patient characteristics, the nudge intervention, according to nudging strategies, delivery mode and their outcomes. The conditions present in effective nudge interventions were assessed and reported. RESULTS We retrieved 11,494 studies from our searches and included 33. An additional five studies were added through snowballing. Studies included utilized framing (n=5), reminders (n=10), gamification (n=2), social modelling (n=5) and social influence (n=16). Studies on reminders and gamification were more likely to have a statistically significant outcome. The targeted health behaviours identified were medication adherence, physical activity, diet, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, self-efficacy, HbA1c and quality of life. Of these, studies with adherence to medication, foot care practice and quality of life as targeted health behaviours were more likely to show a statistically significant outcome. CONCLUSION Nudging has shown potential in changing health behaviour of patients with diabetes in specific context. We identified two possible factors (delivery mode and patient characteristics) that may affect the effectiveness of nudge intervention.
Collapse
|
15
|
Van Woudenberg TJ, Bevelander KE, Burk WJ, Smit CR, Buijs L, Buijzen M. Testing a Social Network Intervention Using Vlogs to Promote Physical Activity Among Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychol 2020; 10:2913. [PMID: 31998181 PMCID: PMC6967297 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to stimulate physical activity among adolescents, but unfortunately, they are hard to reach with traditional mass media interventions. A promising alternative is to carry out social network interventions. In social network interventions, a small group of individuals (influence agents) is selected to promote health-related behaviors within their social network. This study investigates whether a social network intervention is more effective to promote physical activity, compared to a mass media intervention and no intervention. Adolescents (N = 446; Mage = 11.35, SDage = 1.34; 47% male) were randomly allocated by classroom (N = 26, in 11 schools) to one of three conditions: social network intervention, mass media intervention, or control condition. In the social network intervention, 15% of the participants (based on peer nominations) was approached to become an influence agent, who created vlogs about physical activity that were shown during the intervention. In the mass media intervention, participants were exposed to vlogs made by unfamiliar peers (i.e., vlogs of the social network intervention). The control condition did not receive vlogs about physical activity. All participants received a research smartphone to complete questionnaires and a wrist-worn accelerometer to measure physical activity. The trial was registered a priori in the Dutch Trial Registry (NTR6903). There were no differences in objectively measured physical activity between this social network intervention and the control condition in the short-term, but there was an unexpected increase in the control condition compared to the social network intervention in the long-term. No differences between the social network intervention and mass media intervention were observed. The current study does not provide evidence that this social network intervention is effective in increasing physical activity in adolescents. Exploratory analyses suggest that this social network intervention increased the perceived social norm toward physical activity and responses to the vlogs were more positive in the social network intervention than in the mass media intervention. These initial results warrant further research to investigate the role of the social norms and the added benefit of using influence agents for social network interventions. Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.trialregister.nl/, identifier NTR6903.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsten E Bevelander
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Primary and Community Care, Radboud University and Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - William J Burk
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Crystal R Smit
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Laura Buijs
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Moniek Buijzen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang Z, Marseglia A, Shang Y, Dintica C, Patrone C, Xu W. Leisure activity and social integration mitigate the risk of dementia related to cardiometabolic diseases: A population-based longitudinal study. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:316-325. [PMID: 31718906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of comorbid cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), including diabetes, heart diseases, and stroke, on dementia remains unclear. METHODS A cohort of 2648 dementia-free adults aged ≥60 years was followed up for 12 years. An active lifestyle was defined in accordance with the engagement in leisure activities and/or a social network. Cox models were used in data analysis. RESULTS The multiadjusted hazard ratio (HR, 95% confidence interval) of dementia was 1.41 (1.07-1.86) for one, 2.38 (1.58-3.59) for two, and 4.76 (2.04-11.13) for three CMDs. In joint exposure analysis, the HR of dementia was 3.36 (2.14-5.30) for participants with CMDs plus an inactive lifestyle and 1.32 (0.95-1.84) for those with CMDs plus an active lifestyle (reference: no CMDs plus active lifestyle). An active lifestyle delayed dementia onset by 3.50 years in people with CMDs. DISCUSSION CMDs, especially when comorbid, are associated with increased dementia risk; however, leisure activities and social integration mitigate this risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhida Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Endocrinology Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department Neurobiology, Aging Research Center, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Marseglia
- Department Neurobiology, Aging Research Center, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ying Shang
- Department Neurobiology, Aging Research Center, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Dintica
- Department Neurobiology, Aging Research Center, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cesare Patrone
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weili Xu
- Department Neurobiology, Aging Research Center, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Skrine Jeffers K, Cadogan M, Heilemann MV, Phillips LR. Assessing Informal and Formal Diabetes Knowledge in African American Older Adults With Uncontrolled Diabetes. J Gerontol Nurs 2019; 45:35-41. [PMID: 30690652 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20190111-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Some researchers attribute the excess rates of diabetes complications among African American older adults compared to other racial/ethnic subgroups to low diabetes knowledge. Diabetes knowledge measures have a biomedical orientation, including knowledge of glycemic control and using diet and exercise to control blood sugar. Measures do not assess informal knowledge that patients obtain outside of the clinical environment. The distinction between formal and informal knowledge is meaningful for cultural groups such as African American individuals who have historically transferred knowledge about maintaining their health "through the grapevine." A qualitative approach was used to understand participants' informal diabetes knowledge. Three major themes identified addressed the threat that participants perceived when diagnosed, the social construction of diabetes knowledge through their lived and observed experiences, and the limited role that clinicians played in participants' diabetes knowledge acquisition. Findings reveal ways nurses can individualize the diabetes education they provide to African American older adults based on their experiential understanding. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45(2), 35-41.].
Collapse
|
18
|
Morrison J, Akter K, Jennings HM, Nahar T, Kuddus A, Shaha SK, Ahmed N, King C, Haghparast-Bidgoli H, Costello A, Khan AKA, Azad K, Fottrell E. Participatory learning and action to address type 2 diabetes in rural Bangladesh: a qualitative process evaluation. BMC Endocr Disord 2019; 19:118. [PMID: 31684932 PMCID: PMC6830002 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-019-0447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is 7th largest cause of death worldwide, and prevalence is increasing rapidly in low-and middle-income countries. There is an urgent need to develop and test interventions to prevent and control diabetes and develop the theory about how such interventions can be effective. We conducted a participatory learning and action (PLA) intervention with community groups in rural Bangladesh which was evaluated through a cluster randomised controlled trial. There was a large reduction in the combined prevalence of type 2 diabetes and intermediate hyperglycaemia in the PLA group compared with the control group. We present findings from qualitative process evaluation research to explore how this intervention was effective. METHODS We conducted group interviews and focus group discussions using photovoice with purposively sampled group attenders and non-attenders, and intervention implementers. Data were collected before the trial analysis. We used inductive content analysis to generate theory from the data. RESULTS The intervention increased the health literacy of individuals and communities - developing their knowledge, capacity and self-confidence to enact healthy behaviours. Community, household and individual capacity increased through social support and social networks, which then created an enabling community context, further strengthening agency and enabling community action. This increased opportunities for healthy behaviour. Community actions addressed lack of awareness about diabetes, gendered barriers to physical activity and lack of access to blood glucose testing. The interaction between the individual, household, and community contexts amplified change, and yet there was limited engagement with macro level, or 'state', barriers to healthy behaviour. CONCLUSIONS The participatory approach enabled groups to analyse how context affected their ability to have healthy behaviours and participants engaged with issues as a community in the ways that they felt comfortable. We suggest measuring health literacy and social networks in future interventions and recommend specific capacity strengthening to develop public accountability mechanisms and health systems strengthening to complement community-based interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at ISRCTN on 30th March 2016 (Retrospectively Registered) Registration number: ISRCTN41083256 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Morrison
- University College London Institute for Global Health, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tasmin Nahar
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Kuddus
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Naveed Ahmed
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Carina King
- University College London Institute for Global Health, London, UK
| | | | - Anthony Costello
- University College London Institute for Global Health, London, UK
| | | | - Kishwar Azad
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Edward Fottrell
- University College London Institute for Global Health, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jeihooni AK, Barati M, Kouhpayeh A, Kashfi SM, Harsini PA, Rahbar M. The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on BASNEF Model on Self-Medication Behavior of Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2019; 23:616-622. [PMID: 32042697 PMCID: PMC6987780 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_436_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is one of the main reasons of the increase of morbidity and mortality around the world. Considering the burden of disease, self-medication can result in irrecoverable consequences. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on Beliefs, Attitudes, Subjective Norms and Enabling Factors (BASNEF) model on self-medication behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients in Fasa, Fars province, Iran, in 2017-2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this quasi-experimental study, 200 type 2 diabetic patients under cover of the diabetes center of Fasa were investigated (100 patients for experimental group and 100 patients for control group). A questionnaire investigating demographic information and BASNEF Model constructs (knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, subjective norms, and behavioral intention) was used for evaluating self-medication behaviors of patients before and 3 months after intervention. RESULTS The average age of experimental group was 53.25 ± 8.42 and the average age of control group was 54.18 ± 8.13. Three months after intervention, experimental group showed significant enhancement in knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, subjective norms, and behavioral intention and their self-medication behaviors reduced, while control group showed no significant changes in mentioned factors. CONCLUSION The present study indicated the efficiency of BASNEF model on reduction of self-medication behaviors of diabetic patients. Hence, this model can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khani Jeihooni
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Maryam Barati
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Amin Kouhpayeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mansour Kashfi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooyan Afzali Harsini
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Milad Rahbar
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang X, He L, Zhu K, Zhang S, Xin L, Xu W, Guan Y. An integrated model to evaluate the impact of social support on improving self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2019; 19:197. [PMID: 31640691 PMCID: PMC6805520 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-019-0914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease closely related to personal life style. Therefore, achieving effective self-management is one of the most important ways to control it. There is evidence that social support can help to improve the self-management ability of patients with T2DM, but which social support is more effective has been rarely explored. The purpose of this study is to construct an integrated model to analyze which social support has more significant impact on self-management of T2DM, and provide reasonable suggestions to health care providers on how to effectively play the role of social support. METHODS We established a social support indicator evaluation system and proposed an integrated model that combines ANP (Analytical Network Process) and CRITIC (CRiteria Importance through Intercriteria Correlation) methods to evaluate the impact of social support on T2DM self-management from both subjective and objective perspectives. The weights calculated by the model will serve as the basis for us to judge the importance of different social support indicators. RESULTS Informational support (weighting 49.26%) is the most important criteria, followed by tangible support (weighting 39.24%) and emotional support (weighting 11.51%). Among 11 sub-criteria, guidance (weighting 23.05%) and feedback (weighting 14.68%) are two most relevant with T2DM self-management. This result provides ideas and evidence for health care providers on how to offer more effective social support. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study in which Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) tools, specifically ANP and CRITIC, are used to evaluate the impact of social support on improving self-management of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that incorporating two sub-indicators of guidance and feedback into the diabetes care programs may have great potential to improve T2DM self-management and further control patient blood glucose and reduce complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Information Management, School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Mailbox 270, No. 193, Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009 An Hui Province China
| | - Linglan He
- Department of Information Management, School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Mailbox 270, No. 193, Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009 An Hui Province China
| | - Keyu Zhu
- Department of Information Management, School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Mailbox 270, No. 193, Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230009 An Hui Province China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Teaching, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
- The National Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base- Key Disease of Diabetes Mellitus Study, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| | - Ling Xin
- The National Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base- Key Disease of Diabetes Mellitus Study, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
- Healthcare and Public health Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| | - Weiqun Xu
- The National Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base- Key Disease of Diabetes Mellitus Study, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| | - Yuxiang Guan
- The National Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base- Key Disease of Diabetes Mellitus Study, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031 Anhui China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang K, Liu Y, Huang S, Ma X, Lu F, Ou M. Effectiveness of interventions involving social networks for self-management and quality of life in adults with diabetes: a systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2019; 18:163-169. [PMID: 31524648 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2018-004041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the effect of interventions involving social networks on self-management and quality of life in adults with diabetes. INTRODUCTION There is growing evidence that interventions involving social networks have a positive impact on people with diabetes through social support and social participation. However, the existing literature or protocols relate to only one type of diabetes, a certain population, or one type of intervention involving social networks. This study will comprehensively assess the impact of interventions involving social networks on self-management and quality of life for all types of diabetes. INCLUSION CRITERIA This study will consider studies that compare interventions involving the social networks (families, friends and peers) of adults with all types of diabetes with interventions that do not involve social networks. METHODS We plan to collect relevant randomized and non-randomized controlled trials for systematic evaluation and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and Google Scholar. Studies published in English from database inception to the present will be included. After the search, two researchers will independently screen the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluate the selected literature critically and extract the relevant data required, then meta-analysis will be performed using Joanna Briggs Institute System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42019135949.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailian Yang
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,The Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Centre for Evidence-Based Nursing: a Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group
| | | | - Xueling Ma
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengling Lu
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxian Ou
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Glover LM, Bertoni AG, Golden SH, Baltrus P, Min YI, Carnethon MR, Taylor H, Sims M. Sex differences in the association of psychosocial resources with prevalent type 2 diabetes among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study. J Diabetes Complications 2019; 33:113-117. [PMID: 30545559 PMCID: PMC6554648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the association of psychosocial resources with prevalent type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 5104 African American men and women. METHODS Using data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), we evaluated the cross-sectional associations of four psychosocial resources (social support, optimism, religiosity, and social networks) with T2D [fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, or use of diabetic medication]. Multivariable Poisson regression estimated prevalence ratios (PR, 95% confidence interval-CI) of T2D by each psychosocial measure, adjusting for demographics, SES, waist circumference, health behaviors, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Women reported greater religiosity and had more social networks than men (p < 0.001). High (vs. low) social support was associated with a lower prevalence of T2D among men after full adjustment (PR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.91). Women with high (vs. low) social networks had a 16% lower prevalence of T2D (PR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73-0.96) after full adjustment. High (vs. low) optimism was associated with a 20% lower prevalence of T2D after adjustment for age (PR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65-0.98). Religiosity was not associated with T2D. CONCLUSION Social support and networks should be considered in efforts to prevent T2D among a high-risk group such as African Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LáShauntá M Glover
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sherita H Golden
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Baltrus
- Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuan-I Min
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Herman Taylor
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shibayama T, Noguchi H, Takahashi H, Tamiya N. Relationship between social engagement and diabetes incidence in a middle-aged population: Results from a longitudinal nationwide survey in Japan. J Diabetes Investig 2018; 9:1060-1066. [PMID: 29430865 PMCID: PMC6123021 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Social engagement can positively affect health status, but its effect on diabetes incidence remains unclear. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between social engagement and diabetes incidence in a middle-aged Japanese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed data on 31,615 people aged 50-59 years from a prospective national survey carried out in Japan from 2005 to 2013. Diabetes incidence was measured by asking respondents annually whether they had been diagnosed with diabetes by a physician in the previous year. We used the complementary log-log model for interval-censored survival time analysis. Social engagement was assessed at baseline as participation in social activities, having the companionship of friends, living with someone and employment status. Covariates including sex, age, health status and health behaviors were also measured at baseline. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates measured at baseline, the effect size of social engagement on diabetes incidence was the same as or larger than that of the covariates. Respondents who participated in social activities (hazard ratio [HR] 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87-0.92), had the companionship of friends (HR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00), lived with someone (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.82-0.89) and were employed (HR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.96) were significantly less vulnerable to diabetes than were those who did not. CONCLUSIONS The present study found a prospective association between social engagement and diabetes incidence among a middle-aged population. Future strategies to prevent diabetes in Japan should focus on both social and personal factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haruko Noguchi
- Faculty of Political Science and EconomicsWaseda UniversityTokyoJapan
| | | | - Nanako Tamiya
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Brinkhues S, Dukers-Muijrers NHTM, Hoebe CJPA, van der Kallen CJH, Koster A, Henry RMA, Stehouwer CDA, Savelkoul PHM, Schaper NC, Schram MT. Social Network Characteristics Are Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Complications: The Maastricht Study. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1654-1662. [PMID: 29907582 DOI: 10.2337/dc17-2144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relation between clinical complications and social network characteristics in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has hardly been studied. Therefore, we examined the associations of social network characteristics with macro- and microvascular complications in T2DM and investigated whether these associations were independent of glycemic control, quality of life, and well-known cardiovascular risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants with T2DM originated from the Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study (n = 797, mean age 62.7 ± 7.6 years, 31% female). Social network characteristics were assessed through a name generator questionnaire. Diabetes status was determined by an oral glucose tolerance test. Macro- and microvascular complications were defined as a history of cardiovascular disease and the presence of impaired vibratory sense and/or retinopathy and/or albuminuria, respectively. We assessed cross-sectional associations of social network characteristics with macro- and microvascular complications by use of logistic regression adjusted for age, HbA1c, quality of life, and cardiovascular risk factors, stratified for sex. RESULTS A smaller network size, higher percentages of family members, and lower percentages of friends were independently associated with macrovascular complications in both men and women. A smaller network size and less informational support were independently associated with microvascular complications in women, but not in men. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that social network characteristics were associated with macro- and microvascular complications. Health care professionals should be aware of the association of the social network with T2DM outcomes. In the development of strategies to reduce the burden of disease, social network characteristics should be taken into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Brinkhues
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, and Environmental Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, and Environmental Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian J P A Hoebe
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases, and Environmental Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Carla J H van der Kallen
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald M A Henry
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda T Schram
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands .,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
van Woudenberg TJ, Bevelander KE, Burk WJ, Smit CR, Buijs L, Buijzen M. A randomized controlled trial testing a social network intervention to promote physical activity among adolescents. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:542. [PMID: 29685112 PMCID: PMC5913789 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study examined the effectiveness of a social network intervention to promote physical activity among adolescents. Social network interventions utilize peer influence to change behavior by identifying the most influential individuals within social networks (i.e., influence agents), and training them to promote the target behavior. METHOD A total of 190 adolescents (46.32% boys; M age = 12.17, age range: 11-14 years) were randomly allocated to either the intervention or control condition. In the intervention condition, the most influential adolescents (based on peer nominations of classmates) in each classroom were trained to promote physical activity among their classmates. Participants received a research smartphone to complete questionnaires and an accelerometer to measure physical activity (steps per day) at baseline, and during the intervention one month later. RESULTS A multilevel model tested the effectiveness of the intervention, controlling for clustering of data within participants and days. No intervention effect was observed, b = .04, SE = .10, p = .66. CONCLUSION This was one of the first studies to test whether physical activity in adolescents could be promoted via influence agents, and the first social network intervention to use smartphones to do so. Important lessons and implications are discussed concerning the selection criterion of the influence agents, the use of smartphones in social network intervention, and the rigorous analyses used to control for confounding factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Dutch Trial Registry (NTR): NTR6173 . Registered 5 October 2016 Study procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Radboud University (ECSW2014-100614-222).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - William J Burk
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Crystal R Smit
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Buijs
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Moniek Buijzen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wallace DD, Gonzalez Rodriguez H, Walker E, Dethlefs H, Dowd RA, Filipi L, Barrington C. Types and sources of social support among adults living with type 2 diabetes in rural communities in the Dominican Republic. Glob Public Health 2018; 14:135-146. [PMID: 29484919 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2018.1444782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes management hinges on various determinants, including the role of interpersonal relationships in self-management behaviours. The aim of this study was to explore the types and sources of social support received by adults in the diabetes diagnosis and self-management processes. We conducted qualitative interviews with 28 men and women at two rural clinics in the Dominican Republic and used a combination of narrative and thematic analytic techniques to identify key sources and types of social support in their diabetes experiences. Participants described three stages in their diabetes experience: diagnosis, programme-enrolment, and long-term management. During diabetes diagnosis, most participants described receiving no support. At the programme-enrolment stage, friends and neighbours frequently provided informational or instrumental support to get to the clinic. In long-term management, cohabiting partners provided the most support, which was often assistance with their diet. Our findings highlight he need to assess and leverage distinct types and sources of social support at different stages of the diabetes experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deshira D Wallace
- a Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | - Humberto Gonzalez Rodriguez
- a Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | - Elizabeth Walker
- b Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Yeshiva University , Bronx , NY , USA
| | | | | | - Linda Filipi
- d Saddleback Diabetes Clinic , Laguna Hills , CA , USA
| | - Clare Barrington
- a Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Brinkhues S, Dukers-Muijrers NHTM, Hoebe CJPA, van der Kallen CJH, Dagnelie PC, Koster A, Henry RMA, Sep SJS, Schaper NC, Stehouwer CDA, Bosma H, Savelkoul PHM, Schram MT. Socially isolated individuals are more prone to have newly diagnosed and prevalent type 2 diabetes mellitus - the Maastricht study. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:955. [PMID: 29254485 PMCID: PMC5735891 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social isolation is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but it is unclear which elements play a crucial role in this association. Therefore, we assessed the associations of a broad range of structural and functional social network characteristics with normal glucose metabolism, pre-diabetes, newly diagnosed T2DM and previously diagnosed T2DM. METHODS Participants originated from The Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study (n = 2861, mean age 60.0 ± 8.2 years, 49% female, 28.8% T2DM (oversampled)). Social network characteristics were assessed through a name generator questionnaire. Diabetes status was determined by an oral glucose tolerance test. We used multinomial regression analyses to investigate the associations between social network characteristics and diabetes status, stratified by sex. RESULTS More socially isolated individuals (smaller social network size) more frequently had newly diagnosed and previously diagnosed T2DM, while this association was not observed with pre-diabetes. In women, proximity and the type of relationship was associated with newly diagnosed and previously diagnosed T2DM. A lack of social participation was associated with pre-diabetes as well as with previously diagnosed T2DM in women, and with previously diagnosed T2DM in men. Living alone was associated with higher odds of previously diagnosed T2DM in men, but not in women. Less emotional support related to important decisions, less practical support related to jobs, and less practical support for sickness were associated with newly diagnosed and previously diagnosed T2DM in men and women, but not in pre-diabetes. CONCLUSION This study shows that several aspects of structural and functional characteristics of the social network were associated with newly and previously diagnosed T2DM, partially different for men and women. These results may provide useful targets for T2DM prevention efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Brinkhues
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, P.O. Box 33, 6400 AA, Heerlen, the Netherlands.,CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, P.O. Box 33, 6400 AA, Heerlen, the Netherlands.,CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian J P A Hoebe
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, P.O. Box 33, 6400 AA, Heerlen, the Netherlands.,CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carla J H van der Kallen
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Koster
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald M A Henry
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone J S Sep
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Bosma
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Social Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Control, VU University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda T Schram
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands. .,CARIM Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands. .,Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gatlin TK, Serafica R, Johnson M. Systematic review of peer education intervention programmes among individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:4212-4222. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
29
|
Spencer-Bonilla G, Ponce OJ, Rodriguez-Gutierrez R, Alvarez-Villalobos N, Erwin PJ, Larrea-Mantilla L, Rogers A, Montori VM. A systematic review and meta-analysis of trials of social network interventions in type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016506. [PMID: 28827256 PMCID: PMC5629689 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the care of patients with type 2 diabetes, self-management is emphasised and studied while theory and observations suggest that patients also benefit from social support. We sought to assess the effect of social network interventions on social support, glycaemic control and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EBM Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL through April 2017 for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of social network interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes. Reviewers working independently and in duplicate assessed eligibility and risk of bias, and extracted data from eligible RCTs. We pooled estimates using inverse variance random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS We found 19 eligible RCTs enrolling 2319 participants. Social network interventions were commonly based on individual behaviour change rather than social or interpersonal theories of self-management, were educational, and sought to engage social network members for their knowledge and experience. Interventions improved social support (0.74 SD (95% CI 0.32 to 1.15), I2=89%, 8 RCTs) and haemoglobin A1c at 3 months (-0.25 percentage points (95% CI -0.40 to -0.11), I2=12%, 9 RCTs), but not quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Despite a compelling theoretical base, researchers have only minimally studied the value of interventions targeting patients' social networks on diabetes care. Although the body of evidence to date is limited, and based on individual behaviour change theories, the results are promising. This review challenges the scientific community to design and test theory-based interventions that go beyond self-management approaches to focus on the largely untapped potential of social networks to improve diabetes care. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42016036117.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar J Ponce
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, USA
| | - Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Dr Jose E. Gonzalez, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Neri Alvarez-Villalobos
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Hospital Dr Jose E. Gonzalez Autonomous,University of Nuevo Leo, Mexico, USA
| | | | - Laura Larrea-Mantilla
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Evidence-Based Practice Centre Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Anne Rogers
- NIHR CLAHRC Wessex, Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rubin DJ, Golden SH, McDonnell ME, Zhao H. Predicting readmission risk of patients with diabetes hospitalized for cardiovascular disease: a retrospective cohort study. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:1332-1339. [PMID: 28571933 PMCID: PMC5512582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a tool that predicts 30d readmission risk of patients with diabetes hospitalized for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the Diabetes Early Readmission Risk Indicator-CVD (DERRI-CVD™). METHODS A cohort of 8189 discharges was retrospectively selected from electronic records of adult patients with diabetes hospitalized for CVD. Discharges of 60% of the patients (n=4950) were randomly selected as a training sample and the remaining 40% (n=3219) were the validation sample. RESULTS Statistically significant predictors of all-cause 30d readmission risk were identified by multivariable logistic regression modeling: education level, employment status, living within 5miles of the hospital, pre-admission diabetes therapy, macrovascular complications, admission serum creatinine and albumin levels, having a hospital discharge within 90days pre-admission, and a psychiatric diagnosis. Model discrimination and calibration were good (C-statistic 0.71). Performance in the validation sample was comparable. Predicted 30d readmission risk was similar in the training and validation samples (38.6% and 35.1% in the highest quintiles). CONCLUSIONS The DERRI-CVD™ may be a valid tool to predict all-cause 30d readmission risk of patients with diabetes hospitalized for CVD. Identifying high-risk patients may encourage the use of interventions targeting those at greatest risk, potentially leading to better outcomes and lower healthcare costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Rubin
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, 3322 N. Broad ST., Ste 205, Philadelphia, PA 19140.
| | - Sherita Hill Golden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument Street, Room 9052, Baltimore, MD 21287.
| | - Marie E McDonnell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115.
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Temple Clinical Research Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Kresge West Bldg., Philadelphia, PA 19140.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fisher EB, Boothroyd RI, Elstad EA, Hays L, Henes A, Maslow GR, Velicer C. Peer support of complex health behaviors in prevention and disease management with special reference to diabetes: systematic reviews. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2017; 3:4. [PMID: 28702258 PMCID: PMC5471959 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-017-0042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Examine Peer Support (PS) for complex, sustained health behaviors in prevention or disease management with emphasis on diabetes prevention and management. DATA SOURCES AND ELIGIBILITY PS was defined as emotional, motivational and practical assistance provided by nonprofessionals for complex health behaviors. Initial review examined 65 studies drawn from 1442 abstracts identified through PubMed, published 1/1/2000-7/15/2011. From this search, 24 reviews were also identified. Extension of the search in diabetes identified 30 studies published 1/1/2000-12/31/2015. RESULTS In initial review, 54 of all 65 studies (83.1%) reported significant impacts of PS, 40 (61.5%) reporting between-group differences and another 14 (21.5%) reporting significant within-group changes. Across 19 of 24 reviews providing quantifiable findings, a median of 64.5% of studies reviewed reported significant effects of PS. In extended review of diabetes, 26 of all 30 studies (86.7%) reported significant impacts of PS, 17 (56.7%) reporting between-group differences and another nine (30.0%) reporting significant within-group changes. Among 19 of these 30 reporting HbA1c data, average reduction was 0.76 points. Studies that did not find effects of PS included other sources of support, implementation or methodological problems, lack of acceptance of interventions, poor fit to recipient needs, and possible harm of unmoderated PS. CONCLUSIONS Across diverse settings, including under-resourced countries and health care systems, PS is effective in improving complex health behaviors in disease prevention and management including in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin B. Fisher
- Peers for Progress, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Box 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440 USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Box 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440 USA
| | - Renée I. Boothroyd
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | | | - Laura Hays
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Amy Henes
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Gary R. Maslow
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Clayton Velicer
- National Public Relations and Communications, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Valentiner LS, Ried-Larsen M, Karstoft K, Brinkløv CF, Brøns C, Nielsen RO, Christensen R, Nielsen JS, Vaag AA, Pedersen BK, Langberg H. Long-term effect of smartphone-delivered Interval Walking Training on physical activity in patients with type 2 diabetes: protocol for a parallel group single-blinded randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e014036. [PMID: 28389489 PMCID: PMC5558820 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity is a cornerstone in type 2 diabetes (T2D) rehabilitation. Effective long-term and low-cost strategies to keep these patients' physically active are needed. However, maintaining physical activity behaviour is difficult once formalised interventions end. Structured exercise training supported by mobile technology and remote feedback is potentially an effective strategy. The objective of the trial is to investigate whether mobile health support using the InterWalk application for smartphones is effective in increasing physical activity levels in persons with T2D over time compared with standard care. We investigate whether Interval Walking Training using the InterWalk application is superior to Danish municipality-based rehabilitation in increasing moderate-and-vigorous physical activity levels in patients with T2D across 52 weeks. Secondary, we hypothesise that a motivational programme added from end of intervention to 52 weeks further increases level of physical activity in everyday life in patients with T2D. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The trial is a parallel-group, open-labelled, randomised controlled trial with long-term follow-up at 52 week including patients with T2D. The primary outcome is change in moderate-and-vigorous physical activity. The key secondary outcome includes motivation for physical activity behaviour change. Other secondary outcomes are VO2-peak, strength in the lower extremities. Exclusion criterion is medical contraindication to exercise. We include up to 246 patients and randomly allocate them into a control (standard group) or an experimental group (8-12 weeks of IWT supported by the smartphone-based InterWalk application) in a 1:2 fashion. After intervention, the experimental group is randomly allocated into two follow-up conditions with unsupervised IWT with or without motivational support until 52-week follow-up. The intention-to-treat principle is applied. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The local regional Research Ethics Committee in Denmark (H-1-2014-074) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (j.nr. 2014-54-0897) have approved the trial. Positive, negative or inconclusive results will be disseminated in scientific journals and conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02341690.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Staun Valentiner
- CopenRehab, Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, Henrik Pontoppidans Vej 6, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathias Ried-Larsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Karstoft
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Fau Brinkløv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Brøns
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology (Diabetes and Metabolism), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Oestergaard Nielsen
- CopenRehab, Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, Henrik Pontoppidans Vej 6, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robin Christensen
- Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Steen Nielsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- OPEN, Odense Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Allan Arthur Vaag
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Klarlund Pedersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Langberg
- CopenRehab, Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, Henrik Pontoppidans Vej 6, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Goins RT, Noonan C, Gonzales K, Winchester B, Bradley VL. Association of depressive symptomology and psychological trauma with diabetes control among older American Indian women: Does social support matter? J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:669-674. [PMID: 28161383 PMCID: PMC5350015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Among older American Indian women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), we examined the association between mental health and T2DM control and if social support modifies the association. METHODS Survey data were linked to T2DM medical record information. Mental health measures were the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression Scale and the National Anxiety Disorders Screening Day instrument. T2DM control was all HbA1c values taken post mental health measures. RESULTS There was not a significant association between depressive symptomatology and higher HbA1c although increased depressive symptomatology was associated with higher HbA1c values among participants with low social support. There was a significant association between psychological trauma and higher HbA1c values 12months [mean 7.5, 95% CI 7.0-8.0 for no trauma vs. mean 7.0, 95% CI 6.3-7.6 for trauma with no symptoms vs. mean 8.4, 95% CI 7.7-9.1 for trauma with ≥1 symptom(s)] and 6months later [mean 7.2, 95% CI 6.7-7.7 for no trauma vs. mean HbA1c 6.8, 95% CI 6.2-7.4 for trauma with no symptoms vs. mean 8.4, 95% CI 7.6-9.2 for trauma with ≥1 symptom(s)]. High social support attenuated the association between psychological trauma and HbA1c values. CONCLUSIONS T2DM programs may consider activities that would strengthen participants' social support and thereby building on an intrinsic community strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Turner Goins
- Western Carolina University, College of Health and Human Sciences, 4121 Little Savannah Road, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA.
| | - Carolyn Noonan
- Washington State University, Initiative for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, 1100 Olive Way, Suite 1200, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Kelly Gonzales
- Portland State University, School of Community Health, College of Urban and Public Affairs, 506 SW Mill Street, Suite 450, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
| | - Blythe Winchester
- Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, Cherokee Indian Hospital, 1 Hospital Road CB - 268, Cherokee, NC 28719, USA
| | - Vickie L Bradley
- Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, Public Health and Human Services, 43 John Crowe Hill Road, PO Box 666, Cherokee, NC 28719, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lee LT, Bowen PG, Mosley MK, Turner CC. Theory of Planned Behavior: Social Support and Diabetes Self-Management. J Nurse Pract 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
35
|
Alotaibi NM, Samuel N, Wang J, Ahuja CS, Guha D, Ibrahim GM, Schweizer TA, Saposnik G, Macdonald RL. The Use of Social Media Communications in Brain Aneurysms and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Mixed-Method Analysis. World Neurosurg 2017; 98:456-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
36
|
Stenberg U, Haaland-Øverby M, Fredriksen K, Westermann KF, Kvisvik T. A scoping review of the literature on benefits and challenges of participating in patient education programs aimed at promoting self-management for people living with chronic illness. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2016; 99:1759-1771. [PMID: 27461944 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To give a comprehensive overview of benefits and challenges from participating in group based patient education programs that are carried out by health care professionals and lay participants, aimed at promoting self-management for people living with chronic illness. METHODS We searched 8 literature databases. Full text articles meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved and reviewed. Arksey and O'Malley's framework for scoping studies guided the review process and thematic analysis was undertaken to synthesize extracted data. RESULTS Of the 5935 titles identified, 47 articles were included in this review. The participants experienced the programs as beneficial according to less symptom distress and greater awareness of their own health, improved self-management strategies, peer support, learning and hope. CONCLUSION A substantial evidence base supports the conclusion that group based self-management patient education programs in different ways have been experienced as beneficial, but more research is needed. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The insights gained from this review can enable researchers, health care professionals, and participants to understand the complexity in evaluating self-management patient education programs, and constitute a basis for a more standardized and systematic evaluation. The results may also encourage health care professionals in planning and carrying out programs in cooperation with lay participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Una Stenberg
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Learning and Mastery in Health, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 4959 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Center for Shared Decision Making and Collaborative Care Research, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 4959 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Mette Haaland-Øverby
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Learning and Mastery in Health, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 4959 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kari Fredriksen
- Learning and Mastery Center, Stavanger University Hospital, Postboks 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Karl Fredrik Westermann
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Learning and Mastery in Health, Oslo University Hospital, Postboks 4959 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Toril Kvisvik
- Patient Education Resource Center, Møre and Romsdal Hospital, Herman Døhlens vei 1, 6508 Kristiansund, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kandula NR. Capsule Commentary on Raghavan et al., Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk is Influenced by Obesity and Diabetes in Social Contacts: A Social Network Analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2016; 31:1212. [PMID: 27473007 PMCID: PMC5023619 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-016-3815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Namratha R Kandula
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hoehn JL, Riekert KA, Borrelli B, Rand CS, Eakin MN. Barriers and motivators to reducing secondhand smoke exposure in African American families of head start children: a qualitative study. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2016; 31:450-64. [PMID: 27329373 PMCID: PMC4945858 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyw028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify barriers and motivators for reducing secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) for families of African-American, low-income, urban children. METHOD Audiotaped intervention sessions of 52 African-American caregivers of Head Start children who reported being a smoker and/or had at least one smoker in the home were randomly sampled from a larger trial examining the effectiveness of a motivational-interviewing intervention in reducing child's SHSe. Counseling sessions were qualitatively coded to identify barriers and motivators to implementing a home smoking ban or quitting smoking. RESULTS African-American families identified several themes that were either or both barriers and motivators for SHSe reduction, including: asking others not to smoke, other family living in the home, neighborhood safety, absence of childcare, cost/availability of cessation tools, physician support and prevention of health problems. DISCUSSION Urban, low-income African-American families face numerous barriers to reducing SHSe. Families were able to identify many motivators for reducing SHSe, suggesting an awareness of the importance for SHSe reduction but uncertainty in their confidence to change behaviors. Counseling should include tailoring to be most effective in supporting health behavior change. Greater emphasis on motivators is needed, such as low-cost/free cessation tools, engagement from physicians and greater involvement of extended family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Hoehn
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - Kristin A Riekert
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Belinda Borrelli
- Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Cynthia S Rand
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Michelle N Eakin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
eHealth interventions have been increasingly used to provide social support for self-management of type 2 diabetes. In this review, we discuss social support interventions, types of support provided, sources or providers of support, outcomes of the support interventions (clinical, behavioral, psychosocial), and logistical and clinical considerations for support interventions using eHealth technologies. Many types of eHealth interventions demonstrated improvements in self-management behaviors, psychosocial outcomes, and clinical measures, particularly HbA1c. Important factors to consider in clinical application of eHealth support interventions include participant preferences, usability of eHealth technology, and availability of personnel to orient or assist participants. Overall, eHealth is a promising adjunct to clinical care as it addresses the need for ongoing support in chronic disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison Lewinski
- Duke University, DUMC 3322 307 Trent Dr., Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lewinski AA, Fisher EB. Social interaction in type 2 diabetes computer-mediated environments: How inherent features of the channels influence peer-to-peer interaction. Chronic Illn 2016; 12:116-44. [PMID: 26304692 DOI: 10.1177/1742395315601414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interventions via the internet provide support to individuals managing chronic illness. The purpose of this integrative review was to determine how the features of a computer-mediated environment influence social interactions among individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND DESIGN A combination of MeSH and keyword terms, based on the cognates of three broad groupings: social interaction, computer-mediated environments, and chronic illness, was used to search the PubMed, PsychInfo, Sociology Research Database, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases. Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Computer-mediated environments enhance an individual's ability to interact with peers while increasing the convenience of obtaining personalized support. A matrix, focused on social interaction among peers, identified themes across all articles, and five characteristics emerged: (1) the presence of synchronous and asynchronous communication, (2) the ability to connect with similar peers, (3) the presence or absence of a moderator, (4) personalization of feedback regarding individual progress and self-management, and (5) the ability of individuals to maintain choice during participation. CONCLUSIONS Individuals interact with peers to obtain relevant, situation-specific information and knowledge about managing their own care. Computer-mediated environments facilitate the ability of individuals to exchange this information despite temporal or geographical barriers that may be present, thus improving T2D self-management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edwin B Fisher
- University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Peers for Progress, a Program of the American Academy of Family Physicians, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vissenberg C, Stronks K, Nijpels G, Uitewaal PJM, Middelkoop BJC, Kohinor MJE, Hartman MA, Nierkens V. Impact of a social network-based intervention promoting diabetes self-management in socioeconomically deprived patients: a qualitative evaluation of the intervention strategies. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010254. [PMID: 27075842 PMCID: PMC4838721 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a need for effective interventions that improve diabetes self-management (DSM) among socioeconomically deprived patients with type 2 diabetes. The group-based intervention Powerful Together with Diabetes (PTWD) aimed to increase social support for DSM and decrease social influences hindering DSM (eg, peer pressure, social norms) in patients living in deprived neighbourhoods. Through a qualitative process evaluation, this paper aims to study whether this intervention changed social support and social influences, and which elements of the intervention contributed to this. METHODS The intervention group (IG) was compared with a standard group-based educational intervention (control group, CG). 27 qualitative in-depth interviews with participants (multiethnic sample) and 24 interviews with group leaders were conducted. Interviews were coded and analysed using MAXQDA according to framework analysis. RESULTS Patients in the IG experienced more emotional support from group members and more instrumental and appraisal support from relatives than those in the CG. Also, they were better able to recognise and cope with influences that hinder their DSM, exhibited more positive norms towards DSM and increased their priority regarding DSM and their adherence. Finally, the engagement in DSM by relatives of participants increased. Creating trust between group members, skills training, practising together and actively involving relatives through action plans contributed to these changes. CONCLUSIONS A group-based intervention aimed at creating trust, practising together and involving relatives has the potential to increase social support and diminish social influences hindering DSM in socioeconomically deprived patients with diabetes. Promising elements of the intervention were skills training and providing feedback using role-playing exercises in group sessions with patients, as well as the involvement of patients' significant others in self-management tasks, and actively involving them in making an action plan for self-management. These positive results justify the value of further evaluating the effectiveness of this intervention in a larger sample. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NTR1886, Results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Vissenberg
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Stronks
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Nijpels
- Department of General Practice, EMGO Institute VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P J M Uitewaal
- Department of Public Health, The Hague's Public Health Department, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - B J C Middelkoop
- Department of Public Health, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M J E Kohinor
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M A Hartman
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Nierkens
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Maas AH, van der Molen P, van de Vijver R, Chen W, van Pul C, Cottaar EJ, van Riel NA, Hilbers PA, Haak HR. Concept Development of the Eindhoven Diabetes Education Simulator Project. Games Health J 2016; 5:120-7. [DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2015.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne H. Maas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Design of Technology and Instrumentation, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pieta van der Molen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- User System Interaction, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Reinier van de Vijver
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- HBO-ICT, Fontys University for Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Chen
- Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Sensor Systems and Intelligent E-health, Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Carola van Pul
- Clinical Physics, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Eduardus J.E. Cottaar
- Design of Technology and Instrumentation, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Natal A.W. van Riel
- Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A.J. Hilbers
- Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Harm R. Haak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Ageing and Long-Term Care, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Johansson T, Keller S, Winkler H, Ostermann T, Weitgasser R, Sönnichsen AC. Effectiveness of a Peer Support Programme versus Usual Care in Disease Management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 regarding Improvement of Metabolic Control: A Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:3248547. [PMID: 26858958 PMCID: PMC4698561 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3248547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Testing the effectiveness of peer support additionally to a disease management programme (DMP) for type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS Unblinded cluster-randomised controlled trial (RCT) involving 49 general practices, province of Salzburg, Austria. All patients enrolled in the DMP were eligible, n = 337 participated (intervention: 148 in 19 clusters; control: 189 in 20 clusters). The peer support intervention ran over 24 months and consisted of peer supporter recruitment and training, and group meetings weekly for physical exercise and monthly for discussion of diabetes related topics. RESULTS At two-year follow-up, adjusted analysis revealed a nonsignificant difference in HbA1c change of 0.14% (21.97 mmol/mol) in favour of the intervention (95% CI -0.08 to 0.36%, p = 0.22). Baseline values were 7.02 ± 1.25% in the intervention and 7.08 ± 1.25 in the control group. None of the secondary outcome measures showed significant differences except for improved quality of life (EQ-5D-VAS) in controls (4.3 points on a scale of 100; 95% CI 0.08 to 8.53, p = 0.046) compared to the intervention group. CONCLUSION Our peer support intervention as an additional DMP component showed no significant effect on HbA1c and secondary outcome measures. Further RTCs with a longer follow-up are needed to reveal whether peer support will have clinically relevant effects. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been registered with Current Controlled Trials Ltd. (ISRCTN10291077).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Johansson
- Institute of General Practice, Family Medicine, and Preventive Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sophie Keller
- Institute of General Practice, Family Medicine, and Preventive Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Thomas Ostermann
- Centre for Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Raimund Weitgasser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wehrle-Diakonissen Hospital, 5026 Salzburg, Austria
- Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- *Raimund Weitgasser:
| | - Andreas C. Sönnichsen
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bowen PG, Clay OJ, Lee LT, Vice J, Ovalle F, Crowe M. Associations of Social Support and Self-Efficacy With Quality of Life in Older Adults With Diabetes. J Gerontol Nurs 2015; 41:21-9; quiz 30-1. [PMID: 26468654 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20151008-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Older adults are disproportionately affected by diabetes, which is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease, decreased quality of life (QOL), and increased health care costs. The purpose of the current study was to assess the relationships between social support, self-efficacy, and QOL in a sample of 187 older African American and Caucasian individuals with diabetes. Greater satisfaction with social support related to diabetes (but not the amount of support received) was significantly correlated with QOL. In addition, individuals with higher self-efficacy in managing diabetes had better QOL. In a covariate-adjusted regression model, self-efficacy remained a significant predictor of QOL. Findings suggest the potential importance of incorporating the self-efficacy concept within diabetes management and treatment to empower older adults living with diabetes to adhere to care. Further research is needed to determine whether improving self-efficacy among vulnerable older adult populations may positively influence QOL.
Collapse
|
45
|
Martino J, Pegg J, Frates EP. The Connection Prescription: Using the Power of Social Interactions and the Deep Desire for Connectedness to Empower Health and Wellness. Am J Lifestyle Med 2015; 11:466-475. [PMID: 30202372 DOI: 10.1177/1559827615608788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Social connection is a pillar of lifestyle medicine. Humans are wired to connect, and this connection affects our health. From psychological theories to recent research, there is significant evidence that social support and feeling connected can help people maintain a healthy body mass index, control blood sugars, improve cancer survival, decrease cardiovascular mortality, decrease depressive symptoms, mitigate posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and improve overall mental health. The opposite of connection, social isolation, has a negative effect on health and can increase depressive symptoms as well as mortality. Counseling patients on increasing social connections, prescribing connection, and inquiring about quantity and quality of social interactions at routine visits are ways that lifestyle medicine specialists can use connection to help patients to add not only years to their life but also health and well-being to those years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Martino
- Tufts University School of Nutrition, Boston, Massachusetts (JM).,Hofstra University, Long Island, New York (JP).,Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (EPF)
| | - Jennifer Pegg
- Tufts University School of Nutrition, Boston, Massachusetts (JM).,Hofstra University, Long Island, New York (JP).,Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (EPF)
| | - Elizabeth Pegg Frates
- Tufts University School of Nutrition, Boston, Massachusetts (JM).,Hofstra University, Long Island, New York (JP).,Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts (EPF)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Havranek EP, Mujahid MS, Barr DA, Blair IV, Cohen MS, Cruz-Flores S, Davey-Smith G, Dennison-Himmelfarb CR, Lauer MS, Lockwood DW, Rosal M, Yancy CW. Social Determinants of Risk and Outcomes for Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2015; 132:873-98. [DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 738] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
47
|
Tang TS, Funnell MM, Sinco B, Spencer MS, Heisler M. Peer-Led, Empowerment-Based Approach to Self-Management Efforts in Diabetes (PLEASED): A Randomized Controlled Trial in an African American Community. Ann Fam Med 2015; 13 Suppl 1:S27-35. [PMID: 26304969 PMCID: PMC4648139 DOI: 10.1370/afm.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We compared a 3-month diabetes self-management education (DSME) program followed by a 12-month peer support intervention with a 3-month DSME program alone in terms of initial and sustained improvements in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes were risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes distress, and social support. METHODS We randomized 106 community-dwelling African American adults with type 2 diabetes to a 3-month DSME program followed by 12 months of weekly group sessions and supplementary telephone support delivered by peer leaders or to a 3-month DSME program with no follow-up peer support. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3, 9, and 15 months. RESULTS No changes in HbA1c were observed at 3 months or at 15 months for either group. The peer support group either sustained improvement in key CVD risk factors or stayed the same while the control group worsened at 15 months. At 15 months, the peer-support group had significantly lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (-15 mg/dL, P = .03), systolic blood pressure (-10 mm Hg, P = .01), diastolic blood pressure (-8.3 mm Hg, P = .001), and body mass index (-0.8 kg/m(2), P = .032) than the DSME-alone group. CONCLUSIONS In this population of African American adults, an initial DSME program, whether or not followed by 12 months of peer support, had no effect on glycemic control. Participants in the peer-support arm of the trial did, however, experience significant improvements in some CVD risk factors or stay approximately the same while the control group declined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tricia S Tang
- University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Martha M Funnell
- University of Michigan Department of Learning Health Sciences. Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Brandy Sinco
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Michele Heisler
- University of Michigan Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan Ann Arbor VA Center for Clinical Management Research (CCMR), Ann Arbor, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Knox L, Huff J, Graham D, Henry M, Bracho A, Henderson C, Emsermann C. What Peer Mentoring Adds to Already Good Patient Care: Implementing the Carpeta Roja Peer Mentoring Program in a Well-Resourced Health Care System. Ann Fam Med 2015; 13 Suppl 1:S59-65. [PMID: 26304973 PMCID: PMC4648130 DOI: 10.1370/afm.1804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a peer support program on the health outcomes of patients already receiving well-organized, comprehensive diabetes care. METHODS We used a mixed-methods, nonrandomized, control-group design to evaluate the impact of a peer-mentoring program on the health outcomes and self-management behaviors of adults with type 2 diabetes in 15 primary care practices in San Antonio. Propensity score analysis, t-tests, and multivariable repeated analyses were used to evaluate impact. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 15 participants in the intervention group and analyzed using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS Both intervention and control groups showed significant improvement on all health indicators from baseline to 6-month follow-up (P<.001). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased slightly faster for patients in the intervention group (P=.04). Self-management behaviors improved significantly from baseline to 6-month follow-up for the intervention group. Interviewed participants also reported reductions in social isolation and extension of impact of health behavior changes to multiple generations of family members. CONCLUSIONS The addition of peer mentoring to already well-organized comprehensive diabetes care does not improve outcomes. However, findings suggest that the impact of the program extends to members of the participants' families, which is an intriguing finding that deserves further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyndee Knox
- LA Net Community Health Resource and Research Network, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jessica Huff
- Danbury Hospital Department of Medical Education and Research, Danbury, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Emsermann
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Breland JY, Chee CP, Zulman DM. Racial Differences in Chronic Conditions and Sociodemographic Characteristics Among High-Utilizing Veterans. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2015; 2:167-75. [PMID: 26863335 PMCID: PMC6200449 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-014-0060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE African-Americans are disproportionally represented among high-risk, high-utilizing patients. To inform program development for this vulnerable population, the current study describes racial variation in chronic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics among high-utilizing patients in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VA). METHODS We identified the 5 % most costly Veterans who used inpatient or outpatient care at the VA during fiscal year 2010 (N = 237,691) based on costs of inpatient and outpatient care, pharmacy services, and VA-sponsored contract care. Patient costs and characteristics were abstracted from VA outpatient and inpatient data files. Racial differences in sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, marital support, homelessness, and health insurance status) were assessed with chi-square tests. Racial differences in 32 chronic condition diagnoses were calculated as relative risk ratios. RESULTS African-Americans represented 21 % of high-utilizing Veterans. African-Americans had higher rates of homelessness (26 vs. 10 %, p < 0.001) and lower rates of supplemental health insurance (44 vs. 58 %, p < 0.001). The mean number of chronic conditions was similar across race. However, there were racial differences in the prevalence of specific chronic conditions, including a higher prevalence of HIV/AIDS (95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.86, 5.50) and schizophrenia (95 % CI 1.94, 2.07) and a lower prevalence of ischemic heart disease (95 % CI 0.57, 0.59) and bipolar disorder (95 % CI 0.78, 0.85) among African-American high-utilizing Veterans. CONCLUSION Racial disparities among high-utilizing Veterans may differ from those found in the general population. Interventions should devote attention to social, environmental, and mental health issues in order to reduce racial disparities in this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y Breland
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 795 Willow Road (152-MPD), Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA.
| | - Christine Pal Chee
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Economics Resource Center, 795 Willow Road (152-MPD), Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Center for Health Policy and Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University, 616 Serra Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Donna M Zulman
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 795 Willow Road (152-MPD), Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Division of General Medical Disciplines, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Social networks provide a powerful approach for health behavior change. This article documents how social network interventions have been successfully used for a range of health behaviors, including HIV risk practices, smoking, exercise, dieting, family planning, bullying, and mental health. We review the literature that suggests the relationship between health behaviors and social network attributes demonstrates a high degree of specificity. The article then examines hypothesized social influence mechanisms including social norms, modeling, and social rewards and the factors of social identity and social rewards that can be employed to sustain social network interventions. Areas of future research avenues are highlighted, including the need to examine and to adjust analytically for contamination and social diffusion, social influence versus differential affiliation, and network change. Use and integration of mhealth and face-to-face networks for promoting health behavior change are also critical research areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl A. Latkin
- Professor, Department of Health, Behavior, and Society & Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Amy R. Knowlton
- Associate Professor, Department of Health, Behavior, and Society & Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| |
Collapse
|