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Walia AS, King AC, Campero MI, Garcia DM, Lee RE, Zamora AN. Exploring the Relationship between Built Environment Attributes and Physical Activity in Lower-Income Aging Adults: Preliminary Insights from a Multi-Level Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:607. [PMID: 38791821 PMCID: PMC11121044 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The built environment has been linked to physical activity (PA) behaviors, yet there is limited knowledge of this association among lower-income midlife and older adults who are insufficiently active. The present cross-sectional study utilized baseline data collected between October 2017 and November 2019 from a clustered randomized controlled trial to determine how built environment attributes were associated with PA behaviors among midlife and older adults (n = 255) residing in or near affordable housing sites (n = 10). At each site, perceptions of the built environment were collected and scored at the participant level via the abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Survey (NEWS-A), while objective built environment attributes were measured and scored by trained research staff using the Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA). Multiple PA behaviors-walking, total PA, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (min/wk)-were measured using the validated Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire. Adjusted linear regression models examined associations between NEWS-A measures and PA behaviors, and site-level correlations between PARA measures and PA behaviors were examined using Spearman's rank correlations. At the participant level, adjusted models revealed that a one point increase in the NEWS-A aesthetics score was associated with a 57.37 min/wk increase in walking (β = 57.37 [95% CI: 20.84, 93.91], p = 0.002), with a similar association observed for street connectivity and MVPA (β = 24.31 min/wk [95% CI: 3.22, 45.41], p = 0.02). At the site level, MVPA was positively correlated with the quality of the features of local, PA-supportive environmental resources (ρ = 0.82, p = 0.004). Findings indicate that participant- and site-level measures of the built environment may play a role in promoting PA behavior among this demographic and similar populations. Results also suggest that improvements in aesthetic attributes and street connectivity, along with enhancing the quality of local, PA-supportive environmental resources, may be effective strategies for promoting physical activity among lower-income midlife and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan S. Walia
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (A.S.W.)
| | - Abby C. King
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (A.S.W.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (M.I.C.)
| | - Maria I. Campero
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (M.I.C.)
| | - Dulce M. Garcia
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (M.I.C.)
| | - Rebecca E. Lee
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Astrid N. Zamora
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (A.S.W.)
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You Y, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Hu X, Li X, Yang P, Zuo Q, Cao Q. Systematic and meta-based evaluation of the relationship between the built environment and physical activity behaviors among older adults. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16173. [PMID: 37780389 PMCID: PMC10538293 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Existing assertions about the relationship between various factors of the built environment and physical activity behaviors are inconsistent and warrant further exploration and analysis. Methods This study systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar for the effect of the built environment on the physical activity behaviors of older adults. R software was used to calculate the meta-estimated odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Simultaneously, the quality of included studies was evaluated using an observational study quality evaluation standard recommended by American health care quality and research institutions. Results A total of 16 original researches were included in this meta-analysis and eight factors of the built environment were evaluated. These factors which ranked from high to low according to their impact were traffic safety (OR = 1.58, 95% CI [1.14-2.20]), destination accessibility (OR = 1.24, 95% CI [1.06-1.44]), aesthetics of sports venues (OR = 1.21, 95% CI [1.07-1.37]), virescence of sports venues (OR = 1.14, 95% CI [1.06-1.23]), building density (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [1.02-1.13]). Additionally, it seemed that there was no potential association between mixed land use (OR = 1.01, 95% CI [0.92-1.10]), the quality of pedestrian facilities (OR = 1.00, 95% CI [0.92-1.08]) or commercial facilities (OR = 0.94, 95% CI [0.88-1.00]) and physical activity behaviors of older adults. Conclusions The built environment has been found to exhibit a significant relationship with the physical activity behaviors of older adults. It is proposed that factors such as traffic safety, destination accessibility, aesthetics of sports venues, virescence of sports venues, and building density be given more consideration when aiming to promote physical activity levels among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Bejing, China
- School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuquan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Medical Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Taishan University, Taian, China
| | - Xiaojie Hu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingzhong Li
- Zhedong Orthopedic Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Current Affiliation: Orthopedics Department, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Qun Zuo
- College of Public Health, Hebei University/Hebei Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Baoding, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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Garzon C, Mihailovic A, E JY, West SK, Gitlin LN, Friedman DS, Ramulu PY. The Impact of Neighborhood Factors on Physical Activity in Older Adults With Visual Impairment. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 250:49-58. [PMID: 36682519 PMCID: PMC10175110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the associations of neighborhood-level socioeconomic and environmental characteristics with physical activity in persons with glaucoma. DESIGN Cross-sectional study (N = 230). METHODS Home addresses were used to extract neighborhood factors (NFs): Area Deprivation Index, crime rate, and the proportion of racial and ethnic minorities, poverty, college graduates, and park area in their census tract. Participants' average number of daily steps and nonsedentary minutes were collected over 7 days using an accelerometer. Visual field (VF) loss was quantified as integrated VF sensitivity. Multivariable negative binomial regression models and additional models with an interaction term evaluated the effect of NF on physical activity and whether these relationships differed by VF loss severity. RESULTS Participants were on average 70.6 years of age, 51.7% were male, and 27.8% were black. A higher Area Deprivation Index or poverty share was associated with fewer NSM (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.96 per 1 Area Deprivation Index decile increment, P = .01; IRR = 0.92 per 10% poverty share increment, P = .02), while higher share of college graduates was associated with greater NSM (IRR = 1.03 per 10% increment; P = .03). Stronger associations were noted between both high crime rate and poverty share with NSM in individuals with severe VF damage as opposed to no/mild VF damage (IRR = 0.44, P = .001; IRR = 0.81, P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Select NFs (poverty share and crime rate) may disproportionately affect physical activity in patients with severe VF loss. Interventions to overcome activity limitations within the context of poverty and high socioeconomic disadvantage are important for addressing glaucoma-related disability, particularly in those with severe VF loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Garzon
- From the Wilmer Eye Institute (C.G., A.M., J-Y.E., S.K.W., P.Y.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aleksandra Mihailovic
- From the Wilmer Eye Institute (C.G., A.M., J-Y.E., S.K.W., P.Y.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jian-Yu E
- From the Wilmer Eye Institute (C.G., A.M., J-Y.E., S.K.W., P.Y.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sheila K West
- From the Wilmer Eye Institute (C.G., A.M., J-Y.E., S.K.W., P.Y.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura N Gitlin
- College of Nursing and Health Professions (L.N.G.), Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David S Friedman
- and Massachusetts Eye and Ear(D.S.F.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pradeep Y Ramulu
- From the Wilmer Eye Institute (C.G., A.M., J-Y.E., S.K.W., P.Y.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Sallis JF, Carlson JA, Ortega A, Allison MA, Geremia CM, Sotres-Alvarez D, Jankowska MM, Mooney SJ, Chambers EC, Hanna DB, Perreira KM, Daviglus ML, Gallo LC. Micro-scale pedestrian streetscapes and physical activity in Hispanic/Latino adults: Results from HCHS/SOL. Health Place 2022; 77:102857. [PMID: 36027739 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We examined associations of micro-scale environment attributes (e.g., sidewalks, street crossings) with three physical activity (PA) measures among Hispanic/Latino adults (n = 1776) living in San Diego County, CA. Systematic observation was used to quantify micro-scale environment attributes near each participant's home. Total PA was assessed with accelerometers, and PA for transportation and recreation were assessed by validated self-report. Although several statistically significant interactions between individual and neighborhood characteristics were identified, there was little evidence micro-scale attributes were related to PA. An important limitation was restricted environmental variability for this sample which lived in a small area of a single county.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Sallis
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, MC 0631, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Jordan A Carlson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Adrian Ortega
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carrie M Geremia
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, MC 0631, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marta M Jankowska
- Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Mooney
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Earle C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David B Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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Butson M, Jeanes R. Identifying Strategies for Facilitating Physical Activity Among Older Adults: A Behaviour Change Wheel 'Retrofit' Driven Analysis of Victorian Local Government Policy. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 34:472-479. [PMID: 35661461 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED The significance of physical activity (PA) for the health and wellbeing of older adults is well documented. Local government (LG) publish PA policy and interventions to encourage and improve older adult PA participation. However, LG documents have rarely been studied to examine the extent to which LG incorporates evidence-based strategies into the development of older adult PA policy. METHODS The Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) 'retrofitting' approach was used to identify and explain available evidence-based PA policies and interventions across 10 Victorian LGs. A document analysis was completed using LG policy and involved elements of content analysis and thematic analysis. RESULTS The analysis found 41 documents that included policy and interventions to encourage and improve PA among older adults. Some of the more popular BCW combinations included service provision and enablement and environmental/ social planning, and environmental restructuring. In addition, LGs embrace modifying the built environment and creating partnerships. However, our results suggest that some are not considering modelling or incentives to increase PA. CONCLUSIONS According to the BCWs, Acceptability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Affordability, Side-effects, and Equity (APEASE) criteria, it is not feasible for Victorian LGs to be including all intervention functions and supporting policy functions. However, contemporary older adult PA intervention literature suggests LGs could benefit from including incentives and modelling into current PA policy. SO WHAT?: This research is one of the first to identify and explain how Victorian LGs facilitate PA participation among older adults. This research will guide Victorian LGs when drafting and implementing PA policy in the future.
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Santos CJ, Paciência I, Ribeiro AI. Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Processes and Dynamics and Healthy Ageing: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116745. [PMID: 35682327 PMCID: PMC9180257 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Elderly citizens are concentrated in urban areas and are particularly affected by the immediate residential environment. Cities are unequal and segregated places, where there is an intensification of urban change processes such as gentrification and displacement. We aimed to understand how neighbourhood socioeconomic processes and dynamics influence older people’s health. Three bibliographic databases—PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus—were used to identify evidence of the influence of neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation, socio-spatial segregation, urban renewal, and gentrification on healthy ageing. We followed the method of Arksey and O’Malley, Levac and colleagues, the Joanna Briggs Institute, and the PRISMA-ScR. The included studies (n = 122) were published between 2001 and 2021. Most evaluated neighbourhood deprivation (n = 114), followed by gentrification (n = 5), segregation (n = 2), and urban renewal (n = 1). Overall, older people living in deprived neighbourhoods had worse healthy ageing outcomes than their counterparts living in more advantaged neighbourhoods. Older adults pointed out more negative comments than positive ones for gentrification and urban renewal. As to segregation, the direction of the association was not entirely clear. In conclusion, the literature has not extensively analysed the effects of segregation, gentrification, and urban renewal on healthy ageing, and more quantitative and longitudinal studies should be conducted to draw better inferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Jardim Santos
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-222-061-820
| | - Inês Paciência
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90570 Oulu, Finland;
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ana Isabel Ribeiro
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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Ferrari G, Werneck AO, Silva DR, Kovalskys I, Gómez G, Rigotti A, Cortés LY, García MCY, Liria-Domínguez MR, Herrera-Cuenca M, Pratt M, Marques A, Van Dyck D, Leme ACB, Fisberg M. Perceived Urban Environment Attributes and Device-Measured Physical Activity in Latin America: An 8-Nation Study. Am J Prev Med 2022; 62:635-645. [PMID: 34810040 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Attributes of the neighborhood-built environment are associated with self-reported physical activity, but only a few studies have concentrated on device-measured physical activity in Latin America. This study examines the associations of perceived neighborhood-built environment attributes, device-measured sedentary time, and light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adults from 8 Latin American countries. METHODS Data from Estudio Latinoamericano de Nutrición y Salud adult study, an observational multicountry study (N=2,478), were analyzed in 2020. Data were collected between 2014 and 2015. Perceived neighborhood-built environment attributes were measured using the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Survey. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity data were collected using accelerometers. RESULTS No associations between perceived neighborhood-built environment attributes and sedentary time were found. Positive perceptions of walking/cycling facilities (β=6.50, 95% CI=2.12, 10.39) were associated with more light-intensity physical activity. Perceptions of better aesthetics (Argentina) and better walking/cycling facilities (Brazil and Ecuador) were positively associated with light-intensity physical activity. Land use mix-diversity (β=0.14, 95% CI=0.03, 0.25), walking/cycling facilities (β=0.16, 95% CI=0.05, 0.27), aesthetics (β=0.16, 95% CI=0.02, 0.30), and safety from traffic (β=0.18, 95% CI=0.05, 0.24) were positively associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Land use mix-diversity, street connectivity, and safety from traffic were positively associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in Venezuela. CONCLUSIONS These findings have implications for policy recommendations, which can guide policies to promote physical activity in the region. Land use mix-diversity, walking/cycling facilities, aesthetics, and safety from traffic can maintain or increase the levels of light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among Latin American adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile.
| | - André O Werneck
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo R Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe - UFS, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Carrera de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilia Y Cortés
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Maria R Liria-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru
| | - Marianella Herrera-Cuenca
- Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, Universidad Central de Venezuela (CENDES-UCV)/Fundación Bengoa, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Michael Pratt
- Institute for Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ana Carolina B Leme
- Centro de Excelência em Nutrição e Dificuldades Alimentares (CENDA), Instituto Pensi, Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, Brazil; Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Centro de Excelência em Nutrição e Dificuldades Alimentares (CENDA), Instituto Pensi, Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Differences in the Correlation between the Built Environment and Walking, Moderate, and Vigorous Physical Activity among the Elderly in Low- and High-Income Areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031894. [PMID: 35162915 PMCID: PMC8834696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies have proved that activity and fitness behaviors are closely related to the quality of life and health status of the elderly. However, different intensities of physical activity (PA)—walking, moderate PA, and vigorous PA—have different correlations with the built environment (BE). This study combines the high and low socioeconomic status (SES) of Guangzhou to establish two types of BE models. The physical activity time of 600 elderly people was collected from questionnaires. Through ArcGIS software, 300 m, 500 m, 800 m, and 1000 m buffer zones were identified, and the land use diversity, street design, population density, distance to destination, distance to public transportation—the five Ds of the BE—were measured. SPSS software was adopted to analyze the correlation between the BE and PA. Results: The PA of people living in low-SES areas was more dependent on the BE, whereas the correlation may be limited in high SES areas. Moreover, in low SES areas, walking was negatively correlated with street connectivity; moderate PA was positively correlated with street connectivity and the shortest distance to the subway station, but negatively correlated with the density of entertainment points of interest (POIs). Studying the relevant factors of the environment can propose better strategies to improve the initiative of the elderly to engage in PA.
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Besser LM, Mitsova DP. Neighborhood Green Land Cover and Neighborhood-Based Walking in U.S. Older Adults. Am J Prev Med 2021; 61:e13-e20. [PMID: 33785278 PMCID: PMC8217158 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Greenspace exposure has been associated with physical activity, but few studies have investigated its association with physical activity in the residential neighborhood. This study investigates whether greater amounts of neighborhood open space and forest are associated with neighborhood-based walking in older adults. METHODS In 2020, cross-sectional analyses were conducted on those aged ≥65 years from the 2017 National Household Travel Survey. Minutes of neighborhood walking per day were derived from travel diaries. Green land cover measures from the 2011 National Land Cover Dataset were linked to respondent data by the U.S. census tract. Adjusted linear regression models, using weights accounting for survey sampling, tested the associations between the percentage of green land cover in the neighborhood (open space, forest) and minutes of neighborhood walking per day. Adjusted models were stratified to examine whether the associations varied by an individual- and neighborhood-level SES, sex, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Respondents (N=72,753) were aged 74 (SD=7) years on average. Greater percentage of open space was associated with more neighborhood walking in African Americans (estimate=0.069, 95% CI=0.005, 0.133). Greater percentage of forest was associated with more neighborhood walking in the overall sample (estimate=0.028, 95% CI=0.006, 0.050), women (estimate=0.025, 95% CI=0.005, 0.045), and Whites (estimate=0.034, 95% CI=0.004, 0.064). CONCLUSIONS Type of neighborhood green land cover (open space versus forest) may be differentially associated with neighborhood walking depending on race/ethnicity. This study suggests a possible association between greater neighborhood open space and greater walking among African Americans that must be confirmed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilah M Besser
- Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida.
| | - Diana P Mitsova
- Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
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10
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Yuan Y, Huang F, Lin F, Zhu P, Zhu P. Green space exposure on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:1783-1797. [PMID: 32951189 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the launch of the "Global Age-Friendly Cities project", increasing emphasis has been placed on the effects of green spaces on health in the elderly. The previous literature has shown that green spaces are beneficial to a range of health-related outcomes in adults. However, associations of greenness with mortality and cardiovascular outcomes are less certain, which may differ depending on the age class. This review aimed to synthesize current evidence from observational studies to assess relationships of green space exposure with mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in older individuals. METHODS Five databases were searched. Qualitative evaluation and meta-analyses of included studies were conducted. This review is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020160366. RESULTS Of the 8,143 records identified, we finally included 22 studies. In a narrative systematic review, we observed that the majority of studies showed reductions in the risk of all-cause mortality and total cardiovascular disease. Further meta-analyses which included eight cohort studies, indicated that greater greenness exposure (per 0.1 unit increase of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)) was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality (pooled hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99 (0.97, 1.00)) and stroke mortality (pooled HR (95% CI) = 0.77 (0.59, 1.00)) in older individuals. CONCLUSIONS This review supports increasing green space exposure in terms of the prevention of death and cardiovascular outcomes in older individuals. Effective measures to increase or preserve greenspaces should therefore be considered as important public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yuan
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Institute of Clinical Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Huang
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Institute of Clinical Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Lin
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Institute of Clinical Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengyi Zhu
- School of Economics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Pengli Zhu
- The Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
- Fujian Provincial Institute of Clinical Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China.
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11
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The moderating influences of social networks on the relationship between neighbourhood walkability and sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling older adults in Accra, Ghana. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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12
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Lanza K, Oluyomi A, Durand C, Gabriel KP, Knell G, Hoelscher DM, Ranjit N, Salvo D, Walker TJ, Kohl HW. Transit environments for physical activity: Relationship between micro-scale built environment features surrounding light rail stations and ridership in Houston, Texas. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2020; 19:100924. [PMID: 32904408 PMCID: PMC7455164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health professionals promote transport-related physical activity because travelers oftentimes walk or bike to and from transit stops or stations. Although previous studies have examined the associations between macro-scale built environment features surrounding light rail transit (LRT) stations (e.g., density) and LRT ridership, this study examined the associations between numerous micro-scale features (e.g., street-level noise pollution) and ridership. METHODS This analysis originated from the Houston Travel-Related Activity in Neighborhoods (TRAIN) Study, a project evaluating how an LRT extension impacted adult physical activity in Houston, Texas. In 2014, researchers used the Analytic Audit Tool to quantify 58 micro-scale built environment features within six categories: Land Use Environment, Transportation Environment, Facilities, Aesthetics, Signage, and Social Environment. Feature data were obtained from 590 street segments within 0.25 miles of 22 LRT stations. For each station, separate composite indices were created per category by averaging the computed feature scores (1-7) within each category, with higher scores signifying more physical activity-promoting features. Station-level LRT ridership data were obtained from monthly ridership reports for the 12 months following station opening. Linear mixed models were constructed to examine the associations of the six built environment categories with ridership, adjusting for season, weekday vs. weekend day, and station as a random intercept. RESULTS Holding all other variables constant, every one-unit increase in composite index scores for Transportation Environment and Social Environment was associated with an increase in daily ridership by 425 and 488 riders, respectively (p < 0.05). Every one-unit increase in composite index score for Signage was associated with a decrease of 722 riders daily (p < 0.05). The relations of Land Use Environment, Facilities, and Aesthetics with ridership were statistically null (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Enhancements to the Transportation Environment and Social Environment may slightly increase overall LRT ridership, and consequently, utilitarian physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Lanza
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health in Austin, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Casey Durand
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health in Houston, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gregory Knell
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, And Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health in Dallas, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Pediatric Population Health, Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA
- Andrew's Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Children's Health, Plano, TX, USA
| | - Deanna M Hoelscher
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health in Austin, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health in Austin, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Timothy J Walker
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health in Houston, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harold W Kohl
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, School of Public Health in Austin, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, And Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health in Austin, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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13
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Halonen JI, Pulakka A, Pentti J, Kallio M, Koskela S, Kivimäki M, Kawachi I, Vahtera J, Stenholm S. Cross-sectional associations of neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and greenness with accelerometer-measured leisure-time physical activity in a cohort of ageing workers. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038673. [PMID: 32801206 PMCID: PMC7430423 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neighbourhood characteristics may affect the level of physical activity (PA) of the residents. Few studies have examined the combined effects of distinctive neighbourhood characteristics on PA using objective data or differentiated between activity during working or non-working days. We examined the associations of socioeconomic disadvantage and greenness with accelerometer-measured leisure-time PA during working and non-working days. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Finnish Retirement and Aging (FIREA) study. PARTICIPANTS 708 workers (604 women, mean age 62.4 ranging from 58 to 64 years,) participating in the FIREA study who provided PA measurement data for at least 1 working and non-working day. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES PA was measured with wrist-worn accelerometer on average of 4 working and 2 non-working days. Outcomes were total PA, light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). These measurements were linked to data on neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage and greenness within the home neighbourhood (750×750 m). Generalised linear models were adjusted for possible confounders. RESULTS On non-working days, higher neighbourhood disadvantage associated with lower levels of total PA (p value=0.07) and higher level of neighbourhood greenness associated with higher level of total PA (p value=0.04). Neighbourhood disadvantage and greenness had an interaction (p value=0.02); in areas of low disadvantage higher greenness did not associate with the level of total PA. However, in areas of high disadvantage, 2 SD higher greenness associated with 46 min/day (95% CI 8.4 to 85) higher total PA. Slightly stronger interaction was observed for LPA (p=0.03) than for the MVPA (p=0.09). During working days, there were no associations between neighbourhood characteristics and leisure-time total PA. CONCLUSIONS Of the disadvantaged neighbourhoods, those characterised by high levels of greenness seem to associate with higher levels of leisure-time PA during non-working days. These findings suggest that efforts to add greenness to socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods might reduce inequalities in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana I Halonen
- Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Pulakka
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Minna Kallio
- Geoinformatics Services, Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sofia Koskela
- Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Society Human Development, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Zult T, Smith L, Stringer C, Pardhan S. Levels of self-reported and objective physical activity in individuals with age-related macular degeneration. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1144. [PMID: 32689987 PMCID: PMC7372878 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Self-report in people with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) shows that they lead less active lifestyles. Physical activity is important as it has been shown to improve quality of life, reduce co-morbidity and also slow down the progression of AMD. Self-reported measures of physical activity are prone to subjective biases and therefore less accurate in quantifying physical activity. This study compared self-reported and objective (accelerometer-based) physical activity levels and patterns in older adults with AMD. Methods Data were collected in 11 AMD subjects with binocular vision loss (aged 76 ± 7 years), 10 AMD subjects with good binocular vision (aged 76 ± 7 years), and 11 controls (aged 70 ± 4 years). Binocular vision was established using visual acuity score. Contrast sensitivity and visual fields were also measured. Self-reported sedentary behaviour and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Objective measurements were obtained with an Actigraph GT3X accelerometer being worn for seven consecutive days on the hip. The objective physical activity measures were sedentary behaviour, light physical activity, MVPA, and step count. Results Objectively measured MVPA was 33–34% higher for controls compared to both AMD groups (p < 0.05). There were no group differences for any of the other objectively measured physical activity variables and self-reported physical activity variables were also not significantly different (all p > 0.05). Comparing the objective with the self-report physical activity measure showed that all groups under-reported their sedentary behaviour and MVPA, but controls under-reported their MVPA more than both AMD groups (p < 0.05). Weak to moderate correlations were observed between the severity of vision loss and objective physical activity measures (all − 0.413 ≥ r ≤ 0.443), while correlations for self-reported physical activity measures were less strong (all − 0.303 ≥ r ≤ 0.114). Conclusions People with AMD, irrespective of whether they were vision impaired, were better able to estimate the time spent in MVPA compared to controls. However, objectively measured MVPA, was higher in controls than AMD subjects. Although clinicians may use self-report to monitor the compliance of AMD subjects with any prescribed exercise programs, they should be aware that a valid comparison with healthy controls can only be made when MVPA is objectively measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjerk Zult
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine, and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK.
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Charlotte Stringer
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine, and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
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Lin JS, Chan FYF, Leung J, Yu B, Lu ZH, Woo J, Kwok T, Lau KKL. Longitudinal Association of Built Environment Pattern with Physical Activity in a Community-Based Cohort of Elderly Hong Kong Chinese: A Latent Profile Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124275. [PMID: 32549289 PMCID: PMC7344458 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A large number of studies have focused on the associations between single built environment (BE) characteristics and physical activity (PA). Combinations of BE characteristics offer a more comprehensive approach to identify the BE–PA associations. We aimed to examine the BE–PA associations in a cohort of elderly Hong Kong Chinese. Between 2001 and 2003, 3944 participants (65–98 years of age) were recruited and followed for a mean of 7.8 years. BE characteristics were assessed via geographic information system. PA levels were obtained using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly questionnaire at baseline and three follow-ups. Latent profile analysis was first conducted to classify the BE characteristics, and linear mixed-effects models were then used to explore the longitudinal associations between the BE classes and changes in the PA levels. Three classes of BE were identified. Class 3 (characterized by greater green space and sky view factor) demonstrated a significant decline in household PA (β = −1.26, 95% confidence interval: −2.20, −0.33) during the study period, and a slower decline in walking PA (1.19 (0.42, 1.95)) compared with Class 2 (characterized by a greater proportion of residential land use). Our results indicate that BE patterns characterized by high green space and a sky view factor may help promote the walking PA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Future Cities, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China;
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (K.K.-L.L.); Tel.: +852-39435399 (J.-S.L.); +852-39435398 (K.K.-L.L.)
| | - Faye Ya-Fen Chan
- Institute of Future Cities, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China;
| | - Jason Leung
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China; (J.L.); (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Blanche Yu
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China; (J.L.); (B.Y.); (T.K.)
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China; (Z.-H.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Zhi-Hui Lu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China; (Z.-H.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China; (Z.-H.L.); (J.W.)
- CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China
| | - Timothy Kwok
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China; (J.L.); (B.Y.); (T.K.)
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China; (Z.-H.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Kevin Ka-Lun Lau
- Institute of Future Cities, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China;
- CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 99077, China
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (K.K.-L.L.); Tel.: +852-39435399 (J.-S.L.); +852-39435398 (K.K.-L.L.)
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Hino K, Usui H, Hanazato M. Three-Year Longitudinal Association Between Built Environmental Factors and Decline in Older Adults' Step Count: Gaining insights for Age-Friendly Urban Planning and Design. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4247. [PMID: 32545896 PMCID: PMC7344418 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the longitudinal association between the change in the step count of older adults and the neighborhood-built environment (BE) in Yokohama, Japan. We analyzed pedometer data in March 2016 and March 2019 that were acquired from 21,557 older adults aged 65-79 years at baseline, who lived in 758 neighborhoods in Yokohama City and participated in the Yokohama Walking Point Program (YWPP). Six BE variables were computed, for each of which neighborhoods were classified into quartiles. Using multilevel regression analysis, we examined the association between the BE variables, baseline step count, and change in step count. Higher population density, lower intersection density, and the second shortest quartile of the average distance to the nearest railway station were associated with a higher baseline step count. A lower intersection density and shorter average distance to the nearest railway station were associated with a smaller decline. The lowest quartile of population density was inversely associated with step-count decline. In conclusion, the neighborhood BEs were not only associated with their step count at baseline, but also widened the disparity of the step count over the three years. These findings would contribute to creating age-friendly cities where older adults can maintain and promote their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiro Hino
- Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Usui
- Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
| | - Masamichi Hanazato
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan;
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Abstract
AbstractThe unprecedented increase in the ageing population, coupled with urbanisation, has led to a vast number of research publications on age-friendly cities and communities (AFCC). However, the existing reviews on AFCC studies are not sufficiently up-to-date for AFCC researchers. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the annual publication trend, the contributions of authors and institutions from different countries, and the trending research themes in the AFCC research corpus through a systematic review of 98 publications. A contribution assessment formula and thematic analysis were used for the review. The results indicated a growing AFCC research interest in recent times. Researchers and institutions from the United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom and Hong Kong made the highest contribution to the AFCC research corpus. The thematic analysis classified the AFCC research corpus into four main themes: conceptualisation; implementation and development; assessment; and challenges and opportunities. The themes indicate the current and future research patterns and issues to be considered in the development of AFCC and for interested researchers to make proposals for future research. Future directions are proposed, including suggestions on adopting new assessment methods and instruments, collaboration and cross-nation comparative research, considering older adults as place-makers and conducting a prior participatory analysis to maximise the participation of older adults.
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Abstract
The aim of this review was to identify and, particularly, to classify all the numerous environmental factors that play a significant role in the environment-dependent body weight dysregulation. The main environmental obesogenic factors are related to build environment such as city plan, transport and school, inactivity, TV and screen-related immobility, smart-phone, video games; they are followed by agroalimentary factors such as imbalanced ingredients, pollutants, speed eating, portion size, sweet drinks, nibbling and junk foods supported by publicity, sociocultural and ethnic factors beside the global environmental changes and seasonal light/dark photoperiod. Beside the analytical examination of the obesogenic factors it is mentioned the cumulative effect that tends to coexist in the same population and thus magnify their pathogenic consequences. In addition, more than one obesogenic factors are present in the same population because they are the expression of another underlying common cause - poverty; such a recognition leads towards socio-economic considerations and consequently towards 'political' solutions that are beyond our scientific approach. The mechanism of action of the environmental influence includes the serotonergic system and insulin resistance. More recently, it was shown an environment dependent powerful microbiotic implication. Since obesity is influenced by genetically transmitted changes modulated by environment and lifestyle risk factors it is important to understand the genomic mechanism that allows these interactions. It was shown that obesity-predisposing gene variants that interact with environmental exposures use the DNA methylation epigenetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Nicolaidis
- Neurobiologie des Régulations du Collège de France affilié au CNRS, 84 Blvd du maréchal Joffre, 92340 Bourg la Reine, France.
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Amagasa S, Inoue S, Fukushima N, Kikuchi H, Nakaya T, Hanibuchi T, Sallis JF, Owen N. Associations of neighborhood walkability with intensity- and bout-specific physical activity and sedentary behavior of older adults in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19:861-867. [PMID: 31290251 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM We examined the relationships of objectively-measured walkability with accelerometer-measured activity patterns including bout-specific moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and sedentary behavior in older Japanese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 450 men and women (mean age 74 years) who were randomly selected from a resident registry of each municipality (Bunkyo, Fuchu and Oyama city). Neighborhood walkability was assessed using geographic information system data and activity patterns by a validated accelerometer (Active style Pro HJA-350IT). MVPA was assessed as overall (all minutes), short-bout (<10 min) and long-bout (≥10 min). We used analysis of covariance to examine environmental relationships with the three MVPA measures, LPA and sedentary behavior by quartiles of walkability, adjusting for accelerometer wear time and sociodemographic, behavioral and health-related factors. RESULTS In total, 27% of participants achieved ≥150 min/week of long-bout MVPA. Walkability was not associated with overall MVPA (Q1 = 35.0, Q2 = 31.9, Q3 = 31.4, Q4 = 34.2 min/day) Older adults living in low-walkability areas significantly accumulated more short-bout MVPA (Q1 = 27.2, Q2 = 22.1, Q3 = 20.1, Q4 = 20.5 min/day) and LPA (Q1 = 346, Q2 = 311, Q3 = 289, Q4 = 284 min/day), but less sedentary behavior (Q1 = 479, Q2 = 520, Q3 = 544, Q4 = 544 min/day) than those living in high-walkability areas. CONCLUSIONS Those living in low-walkability areas accumulated more LPA and short-bout MVPA. These activities might be helpful targets for initiatives to promote physical activity among older adult residents of low-walkability areas. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 861-867.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Amagasa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Fukushima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendaishi, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hanibuchi
- School of International Liberal Studies, Chukyo University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Geography, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - James F Sallis
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioral Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Associations between Neighborhood Open Space Features and Walking and Social Interaction in Older Adults-A Mixed Methods Study. Geriatrics (Basel) 2019; 4:geriatrics4030041. [PMID: 31284590 PMCID: PMC6787595 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics4030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Neighborhood Open Spaces (NOS) such as public spaces around people’s homes, parks and village greens, may support activity and socializing for older adults. These spaces might be especially important for older adults as they typically are less mobile and have smaller activity spaces and social networks than other age groups. The present exploratory sequential mixed methods study investigates the association between built environment features, social interaction, and walking within NOS, among older adults living in a low socio-economic neighborhood in Copenhagen. Interviews, the Community Park Audit Tool, and the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) were used to capture quantitative and qualitative data on 353 older adults (59–90 years old) within 11 NOS. Walking was predicted by the condition and shade along paths, seating and landscaping. Social interaction was negatively associated with walking, suggesting that older adults tend to sit down when engaging in social activities. Interviews highlighted the importance of social interaction within NOS. Future designs of NOS should acknowledge the importance of social meeting places, but at the same time provide walkable spaces for older adults to promote healthy aging.
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Pettigrew S, Rai R, Jongenelis MI, Jackson B, Beck B, Newton RU. The Potential Importance of Housing Type for Older People's Physical Activity Levels. J Appl Gerontol 2019; 39:285-291. [PMID: 30938222 DOI: 10.1177/0733464819840978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited research has investigated the effect of housing type on older people's physical activity, and the small amount of work to date has relied on self-reported activity levels. The aim of this study was to assess whether housing type is associated with objectively measured physical activity among community-dwelling older people. In total, 430 Australians aged 60 years and older completed a survey and wore an accelerometer for a week. Controlling for a range of confounding variables (age, gender, physical health, neighborhood walkability, and the density of open spaces in the local area), participants living in separate houses were found to engage in higher levels of activity compared with those living in retirement villages. In addition, those living in separate houses and apartments were significantly more likely to meet the physical activity guideline of 150+ min/week compared with those living in retirement villages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajni Rai
- Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Ben Jackson
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Belinda Beck
- Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Amagasa S, Fukushima N, Kikuchi H, Takamiya T, Odagiri Y, Oka K, Inoue S. Drivers Are More Physically Active Than Non-Drivers in Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1094. [PMID: 29843415 PMCID: PMC6025007 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Car use has been identified as sedentary behavior, although it may enhance mobility, particularly in the older population. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the time spent in objectively determined sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) between older drivers and non-drivers. Four hundred and fifty Japanese older adults (74.3 ± 2.9 years) who had valid accelerometer data were included. They were asked to respond to a questionnaire and wear an accelerometer (HJA-350IT, Omron Healthcare) on their waist for 7 consecutive days in 2015. To compare activity time between drivers and non-drivers, we calculated estimated means using analysis of covariance, adjusting for sociodemographic, physical, and psychological factors and accelerometer wear time. Compared to non-drivers, drivers engaged in more light-intensity PA (LPA) (drivers: 325.0 vs. non-drivers: 289.0 min/day) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (drivers: 37.5 vs. non-drivers: 30.0 min/day) and less SB (drivers: 493.4 vs. non-drivers: 535.9 min/day) (all p < 0.05). After stratification by age, sex, and residential area, larger effect of driving on PA time was found in older-older adults, in men, and in rural residents. Older drivers were found to be more physically active than non-drivers, suggesting more access to outdoor activities or expanding social network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Amagasa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
| | - Noritoshi Fukushima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Takamiya
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
| | - Yuko Odagiri
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
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