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Badura P, Svacina K, Hallingberg B. It doesn't matter if I feel obliged as long as I enjoy it: The associations between organized leisure-time activities and adolescents' mental health and wellbeing. J Adolesc 2024; 96:1368-1378. [PMID: 38629903 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a consensus that adolescents' participation in organized leisure-time activities (OLTAs) is pro-developmental and beneficial for youth mental health. While enjoyment in OLTA is commonly regarded as positive, the role of obligation in the context of adolescents' OLTA has been scarcely researched. The present study investigated how these theoretically contradictory experiences (enjoyment and/or obligation) in OLTA participation relate to adolescents' wellbeing and incidence of psychological complaints accounting for their possible co-occurrence. METHODS A nationally representative sample of 14,128 eleven-fifteen-year-old adolescents (49.7% girls) drawn from the Czech 2021/2022 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children cross-sectional study was used. A series of multivariate regression analyses assessed how perceptions of obligation and enjoyment in OLTA related to wellbeing and occurrence of psychological complaints. A person-centered approach derived groups of respondents on the basis of their perceptions of obligation and enjoyment. RESULTS Regression analyses, controlled for sociodemographic and family environment factors, and dimensions of OLTA participation, indicated that adolescents enjoying their OLTA displayed more favourable mental wellbeing reports. In contrast, perceptions of obligation were only weakly associated with more frequent psychological complaints and not at all with wellbeing, unless adolescents also reported the lack of enjoyment. CONCLUSIONS Enjoyment in OLTA plays a pivotal role in the association between OLTA participation and mental health, whereas the role of obligation is far less pronounced. In fact, if adolescents do not enjoy their participation, but feel obliged to participate, their self-assessed mental wellbeing is comparable to their peers not participating in OLTA at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Badura
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Karel Svacina
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Britt Hallingberg
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
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Isma GE, Rämgård M, Enskär K. Perceptions of health among school-aged children living in socially vulnerable areas in Sweden. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1136832. [PMID: 37483930 PMCID: PMC10359979 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1136832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, all children have the right to health. Since good health is a decisive factor for children's future, investing in children's health is important, especially children from vulnerable areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of health among school-aged children from socially vulnerable areas. Methods The study has an explorative mixed-method design with a participatory and inductive approach based on focus group interviews with children and youth leaders, respectively, at Multi-activity Centers in three of the vulnerable areas in Malmö Municipality, as well as results from the Multi-activity Centers' own questionnaire. The data has been analyzed with inductive and deductive content analysis. Results The children and the youth leaders described health in terms of well-being, participation, and activity. Well-being included feeling good and safe, having a healthy body, and having fun by doing things together with friends and leaders. Participating in activities was described as having a feeling of involvement, being able to have an influence on the organization of the activities and participating on one's own terms. Discussion The result of this study shows that participating in activities increases the child's sense of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella E. Isma
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Research Program: Equal Health – Health Promotion Platform in Collaboration, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Margareta Rämgård
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Research Program: Equal Health – Health Promotion Platform in Collaboration, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karin Enskär
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Kieckhaefer C, Schilbach L, Bzdok D. Social belonging: brain structure and function is linked to membership in sports teams, religious groups, and social clubs. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:4405-4420. [PMID: 36161309 PMCID: PMC10110433 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human behavior across the life span is driven by the psychological need to belong, right from kindergarten to bingo nights. Being part of social groups constitutes a backbone for communal life and confers many benefits for the physical and mental health. Capitalizing on the neuroimaging and behavioral data from ∼40,000 participants from the UK Biobank population cohort, we used structural and functional analyses to explore how social participation is reflected in the human brain. Across 3 different types of social groups, structural analyses point toward the variance in ventromedial prefrontal cortex, fusiform gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex as structural substrates tightly linked to social participation. Functional connectivity analyses not only emphasized the importance of default mode and limbic network but also showed differences for sports teams and religious groups as compared to social clubs. Taken together, our findings establish the structural and functional integrity of the default mode network as a neural signature of social belonging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Kieckhaefer
- LVR Klinikum Düsseldorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40629 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leonhard Schilbach
- LVR Klinikum Düsseldorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40629 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilians University, Bavariaring 19, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Danilo Bzdok
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, 3801 rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, 6666 rue Saint-Urbain, Montreal, Quebec H2S 3H1, Canada
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Parker K, Hallingberg B, Eriksson C, Ng K, Hamrik Z, Kopcakova J, Movsesyan E, Melkumova M, Abdrakhmanova S, Badura P. Typologies of Joint Family Activities and Associations With Mental Health and Wellbeing Among Adolescents From Four Countries. J Adolesc Health 2022; 71:55-62. [PMID: 35430144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to identify distinct typologies of joint family activities and the associations with mental health and wellbeing among adolescents across four countries from the World Health Organization European region. METHODS The 2017/2018 data from adolescents from Armenia (n = 3,977, Mage = 13.5 ± 1.6 years, 53.4% female), Czechia (n = 10,656, Mage = 13.4 ± 1.7, 50.1% female), Russia (n = 4,096, Mage = 13.8 ± 1.7, 52.4% female), and Slovakia (n = 3,282, Mage = 13.4 ± 1.5, 51.0% female) were collected in schools. The respondents self-reported their participation in joint family leisure-time activities, life satisfaction, psychological and somatic complaints, as well as a range of demographic and family situational factors. Stratified by countries, latent class analysis identified typologies of joint family activities, and logistic regression models explored cross-sectional associations with life satisfaction, and psychological and somatic complaints. RESULTS Three typologies were identified across each of the four countries, distinguished by low, moderate, and high levels of family engagement. Adolescents with higher family engagement generally reported greater life satisfaction and fewer psychological complaints compared to those with lower family engagement. Russian adolescents in the high family engagement typology reported fewer somatic complaints compared to those with low family engagement. In addition, adolescents from Czechia and Russia showing moderate family engagement also reported fewer psychological complaints compared to those in the low family engagement typology. DISCUSSION Our findings from four countries suggest that adolescents with high family engagement have greater life satisfaction and fewer psychological complaints, pointing toward a need for interventions to support family engagement among adolescents. Further research is needed to fully explore underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Britt Hallingberg
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Charli Eriksson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kwok Ng
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Zdenek Hamrik
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Kopcakova
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Eva Movsesyan
- Arabkir Medical Centre, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Marina Melkumova
- Arabkir Medical Centre, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Shynar Abdrakhmanova
- National Center of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Petr Badura
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Tohi M, Bay JL, Tu’akoi S, Vickers MH. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: Adolescence as a Critical Lifecourse Period to Break the Transgenerational Cycle of NCDs-A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:6024. [PMID: 35627561 PMCID: PMC9141771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, represent a significant and growing global health burden. To date, a primary focus has been on treatment approaches to NCDs once manifested rather than strategies aimed at prevention. In this context, there is clear evidence that a range of adverse early life exposures can predispose individuals towards a greater risk of developing NCDs across the lifecourse. These risk factors can be passed to future generations, thus perpetuating a cycle of disease. This concept, preferentially termed "developmental programming", forms the basis of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework. To date, DOHaD has focused on preconception, pregnancy, lactation and, more recently, paternal health at the time of conception. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that investment in the window of adolescence is perhaps the most critical developmental window. Adolescence is a period where lifestyle behaviours become entrained. Therefore, a focus on adolescent behaviours, health literacy and emotional development may afford the best opportunity to break the cycle of NCDs. As the next generation of parents, adolescents should therefore be considered a priority group in advancing appropriate and informed actions aimed at reducing NCD risk factors across the lifecourse. This advancement requires a more comprehensive community understanding and uptake of DOHaD knowledge and concepts. NCD prevention strategies have typically entailed siloed (and often disease-specific) approaches with limited efficacy in curbing NCD prevalence and breaking the transgenerational transmission of disease traits. Recent findings across various disciplines have highlighted that a lifecourse systems approach is required to establish a comprehensive and sustainable framework for NCD intervention. A whole community approach with a particular focus on adolescents as potential agents of change is necessary to break the disease cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melenaite Tohi
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (M.T.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Jacquie Lindsay Bay
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (M.T.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Siobhan Tu’akoi
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Mark Hedley Vickers
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (M.T.); (J.L.B.)
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Zhang J, Hong L, Ma G. Socioeconomic Status, Peer Social Capital, and Quality of Life of High School Students During COVID-19: A Mediation Analysis. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2022; 17:3005-3021. [PMID: 35342485 PMCID: PMC8935264 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-022-10050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates how peer social capital mediates associations between socioeconomic status and quality of life among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using survey data and school administration records collected at a high school (N = 1,736) in a coastal province in China, the results demonstrate that adolescents' socioeconomic status is associated strongly with their quality of life. When students were learning at home during COVID-19 school closures, peer social capital exerted a mediating effect on the association between socioeconomic status and quality of life. Most importantly, while peer social capital rooted in the real world seemed to be related positively to higher quality of life, peer social capital in the virtual world led to lower quality of life. These findings suggest that peer social capital might manifest different impact mechanisms for adolescents during the pandemic. Theoretical contributions and policy implications are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhang
- Center of Social Welfare and Governance, Department of Social Welfare and Risk Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Room 912, School of Public Affairs, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, City of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Liu Hong
- Department of Social Work, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoming Ma
- Center of Social Welfare and Governance, Department of Social Welfare and Risk Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Room 912, School of Public Affairs, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, City of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
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The association of social capital with depression and quality of life in school-aged children. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262103. [PMID: 35025946 PMCID: PMC8758105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Social capital is an important factor that affects mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social capital and depression and between social capital and quality of life (QoL) in children in elementary and junior high school and to examine how this relationship differs in relevant patterns at both the individual- and school-level. The study was conducted in all elementary and junior high schools in a single municipality; the subjects consisted of 3,722 elementary school and 3,987 junior high school students (aged from 9 to 15). A multilevel linear mixed effect model analysis revealed that all three subscales of social capital were associated with depression and QoL at the individual-level: The school social capital at the individual-level showed the strongest association with depression and QoL. We also found that some of social capital at the school-level was associated with depression and QoL. An interactive effect was observed between educational stage (elementary and junior high) and some of social capital subscales. Specifically, the inverse association between school social capital and depression was stronger among the junior high students, while the positive association between school and neighborhood social capital and QoL was stronger among the elementary students. These interactions suggest that social capital impacts depression and QoL differently in elementary and junior high students. These findings suggest that the degree of association of social capital domains differs in mental health among the educational stage.
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Budavari AC, Pas ET, Azad GF, Volk HE. Sitting on the Sidelines: Disparities in Social, Recreational, and Community Participation Among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:3399-3412. [PMID: 34331628 PMCID: PMC8801542 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Participation in extracurricular activities and community involvement during secondary school is important for the healthy social, emotional, mental, and physical development of adolescents, especially those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study utilized three waves of data (2016, 2017, and 2018) from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) to examine disparities in extracurricular participation among 12- to 17-year old adolescents with ASD. Across the three waves, data demonstrate clear sociodemographic disparities among adolescents with ASD. These disparities were more evident in adolescents with caregivers that had less education and lower household income, as well as males. These disparities suggest a continued need for targeted interventions to promote engagement among adolescents with ASD to narrow this social disparity gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa C Budavari
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway HH798, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Elise T Pas
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington Street, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Gazi F Azad
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, Center for Autism and the Developing Brain, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Heather E Volk
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway HH798, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
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Badura P, Hamrik Z, Dierckens M, Gobiņa I, Malinowska-Cieślik M, Furstova J, Kopcakova J, Pickett W. After the bell: adolescents' organised leisure-time activities and well-being in the context of social and socioeconomic inequalities. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:628-636. [PMID: 33402394 PMCID: PMC8223665 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-215319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has linked adolescents' participation in organised leisure-time activities (OLTAs) to better health and well-being. It remains unclear whether these associations can be observed consistently across social and socioeconomic strata and countries. METHODS The present study used nine nationally representative samples of adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years (total n=55 429) from the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey from Europe and Canada. Regression models with mixed effects to account for nested nature of data were applied to estimate: (1) the associations of social and socioeconomic factors with OLTA participation; (2) strengths of the associations between breadth and pattern of OLTA participation with health and well-being indicators, after adjustment for the social and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS Rates of OLTA participation varied by age, sex and country of adolescents. Participants from lower socioeconomic classes and non-nuclear families were less likely to participate in OLTAs across each of the nine countries. Moreover, breadth of OLTA participation was associated with higher well-being independent of socioeconomic status or family structure. All of the participation patterns were associated with higher life satisfaction, but sports (either alone or in combination with a non-sport OLTA) were also associated with fewer psychological complaints and excellent self-rated health. CONCLUSION Adolescents' engagement in OLTAs was associated with adolescents' subjective well-being regardless of country, age, sex and variance in social and socioeconomic factors. Policies aimed at increasing adolescents' subjective well-being and OLTA participation should focus on adolescents from low socioeconomic classes and non-nuclear families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Badura
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Hamrik
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Maxim Dierckens
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inese Gobiņa
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marta Malinowska-Cieślik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jana Furstova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - William Pickett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Bukchin-Peles S, Ronen T. The Role of Adolescents' Personal and Social Resources in Achieving Desired Emotional and Behavioral Outcomes during an Anxiety-Provoking Pandemic Outbreak. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6280. [PMID: 34200652 PMCID: PMC8296054 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Considering adolescents' developmentally driven stressors and social needs, they may be particularly vulnerable to the anxiety associated with the public health and economic crises due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, they may have difficulty following the mandated contagion prevention directives. The current study focused on the role of adolescents' positive personal resources (self-control, hope) and environmental resources (peer support) in two desired outcomes during the COVID-19 outbreak: wellbeing (i.e., maintaining/increasing positivity ratio) and contagion prevention behaviors (i.e., increasing handwashing). Path analysis was conducted using online survey data collected from a representative sample of 651 Israeli adolescents (ages 13-17). Positive resources were found to be both positively intercorrelated and negatively correlated with pandemic-related anxiety and positively with increased handwashing. Self-control correlated positively with social support, which, in turn, correlated positively with the positivity ratio (i.e., more positive than negative affects) and pandemic-related anxiety. Self-control and pandemic-related anxiety both correlated positively with increased prevention behavior. This study highlights the vital role of positive resources in achieving desired psychological and behavioral outcomes for adolescents during the anxiety-provoking pandemic. Beyond its theoretical innovation, this study offers practical value by focusing on malleable variables that could be the focus of dedicated interventions.
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The Contribution of Organised Leisure-Time Activities in Shaping Positive Community Health Practices among 13-and 15-Year-Old Adolescents: Results from the Health Behaviours in School-Aged Children Study in Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186637. [PMID: 32932982 PMCID: PMC7558266 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Participation in organised out-of-school leisure-time activities (OLTAs) has been shown to have a positive impact on community health practices and to lessen inequities in social and environmental opportunities among youths. According to the social capital theory, OLTAs foster bridging ties that allow individuals to forge new, wider-ranging social connections, increasing social integration and opportunities for identity-related exploration. This study aimed to describe participation in different types of OLTAs and its association with perceived life satisfaction, physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and drunkenness in a representative sample of youths. Methods: A representative sample of 11-, 13- and 15-year-old students (n = 47,799) was recruited throughout all Italian regions within the Italian 2013/2014 Health Behaviours in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Data were collected according to the HBSC study protocol. Participants were compared on outcomes according to OLTA participation type (i.e., non-sport, sport-only, and mixed vs. no-OLTA). In accordance with the study sampling procedures, hierarchical logistic regression models were used. Results: Participation in OLTAs was significantly associated with high life satisfaction in all ages (sport-only: odds ratio (OR) = 1.67, 1.48 and 1.55 for 11- 13- and 15-year-olds; mixed: OR = 1.95, 1.60 and 1.45, respectively). Youths participating in OLTAs were more likely to meet physical activity recommendations and report lower rates of tobacco use and drunkenness. Conclusions: Participation in OLTAs showed a favourable impact on health behaviours. Thus, community organisations and clubs, whether supported by public investments, could contribute to the enhancement of beneficial health practices, by engaging and serving the community as a whole and further reducing inequities in both social and environmental opportunities.
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Møller Christensen B, Björk M, Almqvist L, Huus K. Patterns of support to adolescents related to disability, family situation, harassment, and economy. Child Care Health Dev 2019; 45:644-653. [PMID: 30995346 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents need support from family, friends, and teachers to increase their involvement in everyday life. Their environment and their own characteristics also influence their ability to participate in an everyday supportive environment. AIM The aim of the study was to investigate patterns of support from parents, teachers, and very important persons such as peers to the ability of adolescents to participate in everyday life, as well as the importance of interpersonal relations as experienced by the adolescents. METHOD The study has a cross-sectional design. The data compiled and analysed in this study are part of a longitudinal study of adolescents and their development into adults-LoRDIA (Longitudinal Research on Development In Adolescence). A combination of person- and variable-oriented design was used to capture patterns of support. RESULTS Adolescents with a complicated home situation and low economic prerequisites who received little support from parents and friends participated to a lower degree in home activities. A substantial number of these adolescents had self-reported neurodevelopmental disorders and, as a group, were more often exposed to harassment. However, these adolescents participated to a higher extent in school activities, although they received little support from the teachers. The adolescents who received most support from parents and teachers were those with a country of origin other than Sweden and those who lived with both of their parents and had more siblings than average. However, this did not mean that they participated to a higher extent in home and school activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Møller Christensen
- CHILD Research Group, Department of Natural Science and Biomedicine, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Maria Björk
- CHILD Research Group, Department of Nursing Science, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Lena Almqvist
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Karina Huus
- CHILD Research Group, Department of Nursing Science, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Socioeconomic status, social support, oral health beliefs, psychosocial factors, health behaviours and health-related quality of life in adolescents. Qual Life Res 2019; 29:141-151. [PMID: 31468278 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed the relationships between socioecononic status (SES), social support, oral health beliefs, psychosocial factors, health-related behaviours and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents. METHODS A school-based follow-up study involving 376 12-year-old adolescents was conducted in Manaus, Brazil. Baseline data included sociodemographic characteristics (sex, parental schooling, family income, household overcrowding and number of goods), social support (SSA questionnaire), oral health beliefs and psychosocial factors (Sense of Coherence [SOC-13 scale] and self-esteem [Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale]). Health-related behaviours (toothbrushing frequency, sedentary behaviour, smoking and sugar consumption) and HRQoL [KINDL questionnaire] were assessed at 6-month follow-up. Structural Equation Modelling assessed the relationships between variables. RESULTS Greater social support (β = 0.30), higher SOC (β = 0.23), higher self-esteem (β = 0.23), higher toothbrushing frequency (β = 0.14) and less smoking (β = - 0.14) were directly linked with better HRQoL. SES (β = 0.05), social support (β = 0.26), oral health beliefs (β = - 0.02) were indirectly linked to HRQoL. Higher SES directly predicted higher toothbrushing frequency (β = 0.14) and less smoking (β = - 0.22). Greater social support also directly predicted higher SOC (β = 0.55), positive oral health beliefs (β = - 0.31) and higher self-esteem (β = 0.58). Greater social support indirectly predicted less smoking via oral health beliefs (β = - 0.05) and less sugar consumption via SOC (β = - 0.07). CONCLUSION Socioeconomic status, social support, oral health beliefs and psychosocial factors were important predictors of adolescent's health behaviours and HRQoL over 6-month period through direct and indirect mechanisms. Health behaviours also directly influenced HRQoL.
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Maternal health care-seeking behaviour of married adolescent girls: A prospective qualitative study in Banke District, Nepal. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217968. [PMID: 31237907 PMCID: PMC6592531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nepal has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the South Asia region, partly due to the underutilization of maternal health services and the high number of adolescent pregnancies. This study explores married Nepali adolescent girls’ healthcare-seeking behaviour throughout their pregnancies, during their delivery and postpartum. Methods We conducted a prospective qualitative study in Banke district, Nepal. In-depth interviews were conducted with 27 married adolescent girls before and after delivery. In addition, a focus group discussion was conducted with community health works and key-informant interviews were conducted with family members of adolescent girls, representatives from the government and health care providers. We applied the Social-Ecological Model (SEM) as a framework to guide thematic content analysis and presentation of our qualitative data. Results Several factors in the SEM influenced maternal health care-seeking behaviour of adolescents. At the individual level, girls’ perceptions, their lack of knowledge about maternal and reproductive health, certain traditional practices, their sole dependency on their husbands and mothers-in-laws and their low decision-making autonomy towards their own health care negatively influenced their utilization of skilled maternal health services. Mothers-in-law and other family members played a critical role in either encouraging or discouraging the use of skilled maternal health services. At the health systems level, lack of adolescent-friendly maternal health services, difficulties in accessing quality maternal health services, and the fixed operating hours of public health facilities restricted their ability to obtain services. The existence of the Safe Motherhood Programme, knowledge sharing platforms such as “women’s groups” and the active role of Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) positively influenced utilization of skilled maternal health services among these girls. Conclusion Influences on married adolescent girls’ use of skilled maternal health services in Banke District, Nepal were multi-factoral. Ensuring easy access and availability of adolescent-friendly maternal health services are important to encourage adolescent girls to use skilled maternal health services. Moreover, interventions are needed to improve adolescent girls’ knowledge of maternal health, keep them in school, involve family members (mainly mothers-in-law) in health interventions, as well as overcome negative traditional beliefs within the community that discourage care-seeking for skilled maternal health services.
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Health inequalities, risky behaviours and protective factors in adolescents: an analysis of secondary survey data from the UK. Public Health 2019; 170:133-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Help or hindrance: the relationship of physical activity with aggressiveness and self-esteem in 16-year-old adolescents. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2019. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2019.86698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Makushkin EV, Chibisova IA. [Children and adolescents in situations of social distress]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 117:3-12. [PMID: 29359714 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20171171123-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The review article addresses transnational problems of socially stressful events and their contribution to the mental state of children and adolescents. The authors suggest the concept of distorted socialization in minors, who had experienced adverse events, with the formation of the concept of socially maladaptive distress reactions (SMDR). This typology has not just the age-related dynamics but also the gender specificity. Research methodology and systemic approach to SMDR from the perspective of understanding by specialists of various professions are significant for psychologists, neurologists and children's and adolescents' psychiatrists, including the forensic-psychiatric experts. The combined approach is important for the diagnostic qualification of conditions, development of correctional psychotherapeutic programs and expert approaches with reliance on gender signs, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of personal response in identifying SMDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Makushkin
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I A Chibisova
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
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Zhang A, Padilla YC, Kim Y. How Early do Social Determinants of Health Begin to Operate? Results From the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. J Pediatr Nurs 2017; 37:42-50. [PMID: 28705692 PMCID: PMC6567992 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE From a life course perspective, important insights about how social determinants of health operate can be gained by analyzing the various forms that social climate can take in different life periods. For children, a critical aspect of social climate is exposure to bullying. Bullying can serve as a proxy for power imbalance and social exclusion analogous to adult social climate of discrimination and racism. DESIGN AND METHODS We used the Year 9 follow-up data of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N=3301) that, for the first time included interviews with the children. We drew on a national sample of children and their families, which allowed us to account for broader contextual variables and represented a broad range of geographic areas and schools. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of exposure to bullying on self-rated health among primarily 9- to 10-year-old children while controlling for socio-demographic and diagnosed health-conditions. RESULTS Both frequency and forms of bullying were positively associated with lower odds of reporting excellent, very good or good health. The effect of forms of bullying on children's self-rated health fell on a gradient. Subgroup analysis indicated a significant effect on self-rated health for children who experienced peer rejection but not for those who experienced physical aggression. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study provide new evidence that the harmful health consequences of power imbalance and discriminatory practices may extend to children in early development. It also accentuates the need to study social determinants of health from both an ecological/contextual and a developmental angle. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Echoing a plethora of nursing literature on the critical role of psycho-social pediatric care, this study further encourages pediatric nurses to expand their assessment and intervention priorities beyond a familial and developmental perspective, and to consider the evident physical health consequence of a child's overall social climate determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anao Zhang
- The University of Texas at Austin, United States.
| | | | - Yeonwoo Kim
- The University of Texas at Austin, United States
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Li C, Jiang S, Fang X. Effects of multi-dimensional social capital on mental health of children in poverty: An empirical study in Mainland China. J Health Psychol 2017; 25:853-867. [PMID: 29069940 DOI: 10.1177/1359105317737608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Using the data of 1314 underprivileged children in Xiushui, China, this study adopted an ecological framework to explore how social capital embedded in family, peer, school, and community interplay and affect the mental health of poor children. Structural equation modeling was employed to verify the hypothesized model. The results demonstrated that higher levels of family, peer, and school social capital were all associated with better mental health outcomes of children in poverty. Moreover, family, peer, and school social capital fully mediated the effect of community social capital on children's mental health. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
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Do family environment factors play a role in adolescents' involvement in organized activities? J Adolesc 2017; 59:59-66. [PMID: 28582651 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The study assessed the association of family environment factors with adolescents' participation in organized leisure-time activities (OLTA). We used data on 10,472 Czech adolescents aged 11-15 years (49.2% boys) from the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. The associations of family support, the presence of parental screen-time rules and joint family activities with participation in at least one OLTA were assessed using logistic regression. High family support and the presence of parental screen-time rules were associated with higher odds of OLTA participation. Moreover, adolescents playing sports, indoor games and going for walks with their families at least weekly were more likely to participate in OLTA. Conversely, those spending time in joint family TV/video watching on most days were less likely to do so. A supportive family environment and direct parental involvement in their adolescent children's leisure are associated with OLTA participation in early to middle adolescence.
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Paulsson Do U, Stenhammar C, Edlund B, Westerling R. Health communication with parents and teachers and unhealthy behaviours in 15- to 16-year-old Swedes. Health Psychol Behav Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2017.1316666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrica Paulsson Do
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Section for Sociomedical Epidemiological Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christina Stenhammar
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Section for Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Edlund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Section for Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ragnar Westerling
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Section for Sociomedical Epidemiological Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Koutra K, Kritsotakis G, Linardakis M, Ratsika N, Kokkevi A, Philalithis A. Social Capital, Perceived Economic Affluence, and Smoking During Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional Study. Subst Use Misuse 2017; 52:240-250. [PMID: 27759473 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2016.1225093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is among the health risk behaviors taken up by many adolescents with lifelong consequences and associations with multiple health risk behaviors. Smoking and smoking initiation in adolescence involves an interaction between micro-, meso-, and macro systems, including neighborhoods and the greater community. OBJECTIVES To examine the associations of individual social and economic capital with self-reported health, life satisfaction, and smoking behavior in adolescents. METHODS Using a multistage random sampling of junior high school students (16-18 years old) in Crete, Greece, 703 adolescents (90.2% 16 years old; 55.6% girls, participation rate 84.2%) completed an anonymous questionnaire based on HBSC study and the Youth Social Capital Scale (YSCS) during April-June 2008. Multiple logistic regression models were performed adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Adolescents with high participation in their neighborhoods and communities (higher structural social capital) displayed lower odds for daily smoking; those feeling unsafe (lower cognitive social capital) were at greater odds of daily smoking. Adolescents with less friends and acquaintances had lower odds of having tried tobacco products. Smoking was not related to any economic capital variables (perceived affluence, paternal and maternal employment status). Adolescents with low/medium versus high total social capital were at higher odds for low life satisfaction and fair/bad versus excellent self-rated health. Conclusions/Importance: Social capital theory may provide a better understanding in identifying the social context that is protective or harmful to adolescents' smoking. Public health organizations at all levels need to incorporate social capital theory in their interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleio Koutra
- a Department of Social Work , Technological Educational Institute of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - George Kritsotakis
- b Nursing Department , Technological Educational Institute of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- c Department of Social Medicine , University of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Nikoleta Ratsika
- a Department of Social Work , Technological Educational Institute of Crete , Heraklion , Greece
| | - Anna Kokkevi
- d Department of Psychiatry , Athens University Medical School , Athens , Greece
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23
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The measurement of bridging social capital in population health research. Health Place 2015; 36:47-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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School context, friendship ties and adolescent mental health: A multilevel analysis of the Korean Youth Panel Survey (KYPS). Soc Sci Med 2015; 145:209-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Badura P, Geckova AM, Sigmundova D, van Dijk JP, Reijneveld SA. When children play, they feel better: organized activity participation and health in adolescents. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1090. [PMID: 26499458 PMCID: PMC4619483 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2427-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in organized leisure-time activities (OLTA) has been linked to healthy youth development. This study aimed to assess whether participation in OLTA is associated with both physical and mental health in adolescents, and whether this association differs by pattern of activity participation, age and gender. METHODS The present study was based on data from the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study in the Czech Republic. This data concerned 10,503 adolescents (49.2 % boys) aged 11, 13 and 15. A cluster analysis was carried out to obtain patterns of activity participation and yielded five groups (all-rounders, artists, individual sports, team sports and inactive). The association between participation in types of OLTA and physical and mental health was analysed using logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender. We also assessed interactions between types of OLTA and gender and age. RESULTS Participation in OLTA was associated with better self-rated health and higher life satisfaction regardless of gender or age. Participation in team or individual sports was associated with better general health and less frequent health complaints in boys, while participation in art activities was associated with lower occurrence of health complaints in girls and 11-year-olds. CONCLUSION Participation in OLTA is associated with better physical and mental health in adolescents. The association varies by pattern of activity participation and is partly gender- and age-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Badura
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 117, Olomouc, 771 11, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrea Madarasova Geckova
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 117, Olomouc, 771 11, Czech Republic. .,Olomouc Institute for Society and Health, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic. .,Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia. .,Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
| | - Dagmar Sigmundova
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 117, Olomouc, 771 11, Czech Republic.
| | - Jitse P van Dijk
- Olomouc Institute for Society and Health, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic. .,Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia. .,Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sijmen A Reijneveld
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Bosakova L, Kolarcik P, Bobakova D, Sulcova M, Van Dijk JP, Reijneveld SA, Geckova AM. Test-retest reliability of the scale of participation in organized activities among adolescents in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Int J Public Health 2015; 61:329-36. [PMID: 26450577 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Participation in organized activities is related with a range of positive outcomes, but the way such participation is measured has not been scrutinized. Test-retest reliability as an important indicator of a scale's reliability has been assessed rarely and for "The scale of participation in organized activities" lacks completely. This test-retest study is based on the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study and is consistent with its methodology. METHODS We obtained data from 353 Czech (51.9 % boys) and 227 Slovak (52.9 % boys) primary school pupils, grades five and nine, who participated in this study in 2013. We used Cohen's kappa statistic and single measures of the intraclass correlation coefficient to estimate the test-retest reliability of all selected items in the sample, stratified by gender, age and country. RESULTS We mostly observed a large correlation between the test and retest in all of the examined variables (κ ranged from 0.46 to 0.68). Test-retest reliability of the sum score of individual items showed substantial agreement (ICC = 0.64). CONCLUSIONS The scale of participation in organized activities has an acceptable level of agreement, indicating good reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Bosakova
- Department of Health Psychology, Medical Faculty, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Business Economy in Kosice, University of Economics in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute (OUSHI), Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Kolarcik
- Department of Health Psychology, Medical Faculty, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute (OUSHI), Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Bobakova
- Department of Health Psychology, Medical Faculty, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute (OUSHI), Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Sulcova
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jitse P Van Dijk
- Department of Health Psychology, Medical Faculty, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Social Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sijmen A Reijneveld
- Department of Social Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Madarasova Geckova
- Department of Health Psychology, Medical Faculty, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute (OUSHI), Palacky University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Does the association between different dimension of social capital and adolescent smoking vary by socioeconomic status? a pooled cross-national analysis. Int J Public Health 2015; 60:901-10. [PMID: 26337555 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze how dimensions of social capital at the individual level are associated with adolescent smoking and whether associations differ by socioeconomic status. METHODS Data were from the 'Health Behaviour in School-aged Children' study 2005/2006 including 6511 15-year-old adolescents from Flemish Belgium, Canada, Romania and England. Socioeconomic status was measured using the Family Affluence Scale (FAS). Social capital was indicated by friend-related social capital, participation in school and voluntary organizations, trust and reciprocity in family, neighborhood and school. We conducted pooled logistic regression models with interaction terms and tested for cross-national differences. RESULTS Almost all dimensions of social capital were associated with a lower likelihood of smoking, except for friend-related social capital and school participation. The association of family-related social capital with smoking was significantly stronger for low FAS adolescents, whereas the association of vertical trust and reciprocity in school with smoking was significantly stronger for high FAS adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Social capital may act both as a protective and a risk factor for adolescent smoking. Achieving higher levels of family-related social capital might reduce socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent smoking.
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Takakura M. Relations of participation in organized activities to smoking and drinking among Japanese youth: contextual effects of structural social capital in high school. Int J Public Health 2015; 60:679-89. [PMID: 26123654 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study examined the effect of school-level structural social capital on smoking and drinking among Japanese youth. METHODS Self-administered anonymous questionnaires were distributed to 3248 students at 29 high schools across Okinawa, Japan in 2008. Structural social capital was measured by students' participation in organized activities: student council, extracurricular activities, volunteer activities, community sports clubs, and youth associations. Contextual-level social capital was measured by aggregated school-level individual responses. RESULTS At the individual level, extracurricular activity participation was negatively associated with smoking and drinking, whereas participation in youth associations was positively associated with smoking and drinking. School-level extracurricular activity participation was negatively associated with smoking among boys, whereas school-level participation in youth associations was positively associated with smoking among boys and girls and drinking among boys. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that structural social capital measured by participation in organized activities, especially extracurricular activities, might be an important way for youths to attain good health. This study also supports the idea that particular type of activities, such as youth associations, can lead to the so-called "dark side of social capital".
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Takakura
- School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan,
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Ardic A, Esin MN. Factors Associated With Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors in a Sample of Turkish Adolescents: A School-Based Study. J Transcult Nurs 2015; 27:583-592. [PMID: 26002620 DOI: 10.1177/1043659615587585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This was a descriptive-correlational study designed to determine factors associated with the healthy lifestyle behaviors of high school students in Turkey. DESIGN The study sample consisted of 812 high school adolescents. The Adolescent Lifestyle Profile scale was used to identify the healthy lifestyle behaviors of adolescents. RESULTS The total Adolescent Lifestyle Profile mean score of 2.75 ± 0.33 and the mean score on the Interpersonal relations subscale were found to be the highest scores while the mean score on the Health responsibility subscale was found to be the lowest. Significant predictors of healthy lifestyle behaviors of adolescents were good relationships with family and friends, having a father who was a college graduate, and good health perception. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed similar results among adolescents of different cultures. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE These findings can be used as a guide in developing an adolescent health promotion program for school nurses.
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Webber M, Reidy H, Ansari D, Stevens M, Morris D. Enhancing social networks: a qualitative study of health and social care practice in UK mental health services. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2015; 23:180-189. [PMID: 25441461 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
People with severe mental health problems such as psychosis have access to less social capital, defined as resources within social networks, than members of the general population. However, a lack of theoretically and empirically informed models hampers the development of social interventions which seek to enhance an individual's social networks. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative study, which used ethnographic field methods in six sites in England to investigate how workers helped people recovering from psychosis to enhance their social networks. This study drew upon practice wisdom and lived experience to provide data for intervention modelling. Data were collected from 73 practitioners and 51 people who used their services in two phases. Data were selected and coded using a grounded theory approach to depict the key themes that appeared to underpin the generation of social capital within networks. Findings are presented in four over-arching themes - worker skills, attitudes and roles; connecting people processes; role of the agency; and barriers to network development. The sub-themes which were identified included worker attitudes; person-centred approach; equality of worker-individual relationship; goal setting; creating new networks and relationships; engagement through activities; practical support; existing relationships; the individual taking responsibility; identifying and overcoming barriers; and moving on. Themes were consistent with recovery models used within mental health services and will provide the basis for the development of an intervention model to enhance individuals' access to social capital within networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Webber
- Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
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García MH, Cárdenas ST, Piñan OL, Trigueros MP, Campos RC, González CL. El Internet como fuente de información sobre la salud: la visión de estudiantes de Andalucía, España. Glob Health Promot 2014; 22:100-9. [DOI: 10.1177/1757975914536911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
El Internet (la red para usuarios de computadora) puede ser una herramienta útil para adolescentes y jóvenes en la búsqueda y uso de información sobre la salud. Las razones para ello han sido descritas en diversos estudios, sin embargo la confianza en la información disponible en el Internet es variable y persisten necesidades de alfabetización para su uso. Tanto el sistema de salud como el educativo pueden desempeñar un papel fundamental para el asesoramiento de la materia. Es necesario conocer las opiniones que tienen los estudiantes de educación secundaria y de universidad en Andalucía, España, sobre la relación entre el Internet y la salud, el concepto de salud y la imagen que proyecta el Internet y el ‘social media’ (medios o redes sociales electrónicos) con relación a la juventud y su salud. Hemos desarrollado un estudio, usando técnicas de etnografía virtual: hemos consultado a 55 estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria en foros virtuales y a 21 estudiantes universitarios en video entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Los estudiantes aportaron un concepto de salud integral, relacionado con los hábitos de salud física y emocional, y con los activos o factores positivos para la salud. Exponen una visión crítica de la utilidad del Internet para la salud, y sobre la calidad y credibilidad de los contenidos de salud en el Internet, manifestando la necesidad de tener asesoramiento y alfabetización. Presentan una opinión alternativa, más positiva que la visión que se da en social media e Internet sobre sus estilos de vida, y sugieren desarrollar al Internet como herramienta para potenciar la conversación participativa y el aprendizaje en salud. La metodología empleada en este estudio puede contribuir a probar nuevas formas de investigación y acción en futuros trabajos sobre la salud con adolescentes y jóvenes en Internet.
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Webber M, Corker E, Hamilton S, Weeks C, Pinfold V, Rose D, Thornicroft G, Henderson C. Discrimination against people with severe mental illness and their access to social capital: findings from the Viewpoint survey. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2014; 23:155-65. [PMID: 23683403 PMCID: PMC6998171 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796013000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims. Discrimination against people with severe mental illness is an international problem. It is associated with reduced social contact and hinders recovery. This paper aims to evaluate if experienced or anticipated discrimination is associated with social capital, a known correlate of mental health. Methods. Data from the annual viewpoint cross-sectional survey of people with severe mental illness (n = 1016) were analysed. Exploratory univariate analysis was used to identify correlates of social capital in the sample, which were then evaluated in linear regression models. Additional hypotheses were tested using t tests. Results. Experienced discrimination made a modest contribution to the explained variance of social capital. Experienced discrimination from friends and immediate family was associated with reduced access to social capital from these groups, but this was not found for wider family, neighbours or mental health staff. Experience of discrimination in finding or keeping a job was also associated with reduced access to social capital. Conclusions. Further longitudinal research is needed to determine how resources within people's networks can help to build resilience, which reduces the harmful effect of discrimination on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Webber
- Department of Social Policy and Social Work, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - E. Corker
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | | | - C. Weeks
- The McPin Foundation, London, UK
| | | | - D. Rose
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - G. Thornicroft
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - C. Henderson
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
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Koutra K, Kritsotakis G, Orfanos P, Ratsika N, Kokkevi A, Philalithis A. Social capital and regular alcohol use and binge drinking in adolescence: A cross-sectional study in Greece. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/09687637.2014.899994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lyimo EJ, Todd J, Richey LA, Njau B. The association between social networks and self-rated risk of HIV infection among secondary school students in Moshi Municipality, Tanzania. SAHARA J 2014; 10:131-9. [PMID: 24641669 PMCID: PMC4039191 DOI: 10.1080/17290376.2014.888676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the social networks of secondary school students in Moshi Municipality, and their association with self-rated risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 300 students aged 15–24 years in 5 secondary schools in Moshi, Tanzania. Bonding networks were defined as social groupings of students participating in activities within the school, while bridging networks were groups that included students participating in social groupings from outside of the school environs. A structured questionnaire was used to ask about participation in bonding and bridging social networks and self-rated HIV risk behavior. More participants participated in bonding networks (72%) than in bridging networks (29%). Participation in bridging networks was greater among females (25%) than males (12%, p < .005). Of 300 participants, 88 (29%) were sexually experienced, and of these 62 (70%) considered themselves to be at low risk of HIV infection. Factors associated with self-rated risk of HIV included: type of school (p < .003), family structure (p < .008), being sexually experienced (p < .004), having had sex in the past three months (p < .009), having an extra sexual partner (p < .054) and non-condom use in last sexual intercourse (p < .001), but not the presence or type of social capital. The study found no association between bonding and bridging social networks on self-rated risk of HIV among study participants. However, sexually experienced participants rated themselves at low risk of HIV infection despite practicing unsafe sex. Efforts to raise adolescents’ self-awareness of risk of HIV infection through life skills education and HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome risk reduction strategies may be beneficial to students in this at-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Lyimo
- a MPH, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Tumaini University , Moshi , Tanzania
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Lorant V, Nicaise P. Binge drinking at University: a social network study in Belgium. Health Promot Int 2014; 30:675-83. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dau007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Webber M. From ethnography to randomized controlled trial: an innovative approach to developing complex social interventions. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK 2014; 11:173-182. [PMID: 24405141 DOI: 10.1080/15433714.2013.847265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The evidence base for mental health social work is vastly under-developed in contrast to medicine and psychology. Without randomized controlled trial evidence of effectiveness, social work interventions are largely absent from UK clinical guidelines and are increasingly difficult to defend in multidisciplinary teams. This article will discuss an innovative and thorough approach to developing a social intervention which will be amenable to evaluation in a randomized controlled trial. Using ethnography to capture practice wisdom, underpinned by social capital theory with its own rich evidence base, the intervention will help people recovering from an episode of psychosis to connect, or reconnect, with other people. It is envisaged that by ensuring the intervention is grounded in the lived experience of workers and service users it will be more amenable to implementation in routine practice, and produce better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Webber
- a Department of Social Policy and Social Work , University of York , York , United Kingdom
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McPherson KE, Kerr S, Morgan A, McGee E, Cheater FM, McLean J, Egan J. The association between family and community social capital and health risk behaviours in young people: an integrative review. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:971. [PMID: 24138680 PMCID: PMC4015354 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health risk behaviours known to result in poorer outcomes in adulthood are generally established in late childhood and adolescence. These ‘risky’ behaviours include smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use and sexual risk taking. While the role of social capital in the establishment of health risk behaviours in young people has been explored, to date, no attempt has been made to consolidate the evidence in the form of a review. Thus, this integrative review was undertaken to identify and synthesise research findings on the role and impact of family and community social capital on health risk behaviours in young people and provide a consolidated evidence base to inform multi-sectorial policy and practice. Methods Key electronic databases were searched (i.e. ASSIA, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts) for relevant studies and this was complemented by hand searching. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied and data was extracted from the included studies. Heterogeneity in study design and the outcomes assessed precluded meta-analysis/meta-synthesis; the results are therefore presented in narrative form. Results Thirty-four papers satisfied the review inclusion criteria; most were cross-sectional surveys. The majority of the studies were conducted in North America (n=25), with three being conducted in the UK. Sample sizes ranged from 61 to 98,340. The synthesised evidence demonstrates that social capital is an important construct for understanding the establishment of health risk behaviours in young people. The different elements of family and community social capital varied in terms of their saliency within each behavioural domain, with positive parent–child relations, parental monitoring, religiosity and school quality being particularly important in reducing risk. Conclusions This review is the first to systematically synthesise research findings about the association between social capital and health risk behaviours in young people. While providing evidence that may inform the development of interventions framed around social capital, the review also highlights key areas where further research is required to provide a fuller account of the nature and role of social capital in influencing the uptake of health risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri E McPherson
- Institute for Applied Health Research, School of Health & Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
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Eime RM, Harvey JT, Craike MJ, Symons CM, Payne WR. Family support and ease of access link socio-economic status and sports club membership in adolescent girls: a mediation study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013; 10:50. [PMID: 23618407 PMCID: PMC3639833 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much research has been conducted into the determinants of physical activity (PA) participation among adolescent girls. However, the more specific question of what are the determinants of particular forms of PA participation, such as the link between participation through a sports club, has not been investigated. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between participation in a sports club and socio-economic status (SES), access to facilities, and family and peer support, for female adolescents. METHODS A survey of 732 female adolescent school students (521 metropolitan, 211 non-metropolitan; 489 Year 7, 243 Year 11) was conducted. The survey included demographic information (living arrangements, ethnicity indicators, and indicators of SES such as parental education and employment status and locality); access to facilities; and family and peer support (travel, encouragement, watching, praise, joint participation). For each characteristic, sports club participants and non-participants were compared using chi-square tests. Multiple mediation analyses were used to investigate the role of access, family and peer support in the link between SES and sport participation. RESULTS There were significant associations (p<0.05) between sports club participation and: all demographic characteristics; all measures of family and peer support; and access to sport-related facilities. Highest levels of participation were associated with monolingual Australian-born families, with two parents, at least one of whom was well-educated, with both parents employed, and high levels of parental assistance, engagement and support. Participation in club sport among both younger and older adolescent girls was significantly positively associated with the SES of both their neighbourhoods and their households, particularly in metropolitan areas. These associations were most strongly mediated by family support and by access to facilities. CONCLUSIONS To facilitate and promote greater participation in club sport among adolescent girls from low SES neighbourhoods and households, strategies should target modifiable determinants such as facility access and parental support. This will involve improving access to sports facilities and promoting, encouraging and assisting parents to provide support for their daughters' participation in sport clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle M Eime
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Ballarat, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria 3353, Australia
| | - Jack T Harvey
- School of Health Sciences, University of Ballarat, PO Box 663, Ballarat, Victoria 3353, Australia
| | - Melinda J Craike
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Caroline M Symons
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| | - Warren R Payne
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
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Carlsund Å, Eriksson U, Sellström E. Shared physical custody after family split-up: implications for health and well-being in Swedish schoolchildren. Acta Paediatr 2013. [PMID: 23190407 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM In Sweden, shared physical custody following a parental separation has emerged as means for children to keep close relationships with both parents. Previous studies show that children benefit from regular contact with both parents, who share responsibility for their social, emotional and economic welfare. In this study, we investigate any associations between family arrangements, that is, two-parent, single and shared physical custody families and child health outcomes and whether this association was modified by parent-child communication. METHODS Data on 11- to 15-year-old children from the 2005/2006 and 2009/2010 Swedish Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Children in shared physical custody were more likely than children in two-parent families to report multiple health complaints (OR 1.26) and low well-being (OR 1.71). When variables of parent-child communication were entered in the model, the initial differences remained between children living in shared physical custody and those living in two-parent families. CONCLUSION Children in shared physical custody and single-parent families are more at risk of negative outcomes compared with children in two-parent families. This association was not modified by parent-child communication in children in shared custody families, indicating that the communication equals that in two-parent family children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Carlsund
- Department of Health Sciences; Mid Sweden University; Östersund; Sweden
| | - Ulrika Eriksson
- Department of Health Sciences; Mid Sweden University; Östersund; Sweden
| | - Eva Sellström
- Department of Health Sciences; Mid Sweden University; Östersund; Sweden
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Gaspar T, Ribeiro JP, de Matos MG, Leal I, Ferreira A. Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents: Subjective Well Being. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2013; 15:177-86. [DOI: 10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n1.37306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to build a model, which includes personal and social factors, that helps to highlight factors that promote health-related quality of Life (HRQoL) in children and in adolescents. A sample of 3195 children and adolescents was acquired from 5th and 7th graders from all five Portuguese regions. In this study three independent latent variables were specified – Physical, Psychological and Social and two dependent latent variables were measured: Health behavior and Quality of Life. The integrative model was composed by different components: (1) health-related quality of life, integrated by 8 dimensions from KIDSCREEN-52; (2) health behavior, (3) variables related to physical health; (4) variables related to social health; (5) variables related to psychological health. As results were found strong correlation between psychological dimensions and self-esteem and other factors and a structural equation model was developed. The model presented a RMSEA index of .08. Similarly, adjustment levels for the CFI, NFI and IFI vary above or around .90, which suggests a good adjustment for the hypothesized model. The model presented significant qui-square.This study showed that in all the samples studied, the psychological variables were those that contributed at a superior level to HRQoL.
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Lewis JM, DiGiacomo M, Luckett T, Davidson PM, Currow DC. A social capital framework for palliative care: supporting health and well-being for people with life-limiting illness and their carers through social relations and networks. J Pain Symptom Manage 2013; 45:92-103. [PMID: 22795051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.12.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Social relations and networks are vital for sustaining and enhancing end-of-life care. The social capital concept supports a framework to understand the association between social relations and well-being; yet, to date, there has been very limited investigation of social capital in the palliative care literature. A framework for understanding social contexts in end-of-life care is necessary. OBJECTIVES To summarize the literature on social capital, well-being, and quality of life for key outcomes to inform a model of social capital in palliative care. METHODS The electronic databases MEDLINE (1997 to March 2011), Embase (1997 to March 2011), CINAHL (1997 to March 2011), and PsycINFO (1997 to March 2011) were searched using key/MeSH search terms of "social capital," "palliative care," and "well-being" and/or "quality of life." The literature was reviewed to identify key concepts to develop and inform a palliative care social capital framework. RESULTS A total of 93 articles were included in the literature review, with only two articles identifying discourse on social capital and palliative care. Four key areas integrating the social capital outcomes informed a framework for palliative care. CONCLUSION The social capital concept provides a structure for understanding how the organization and meaning of social contexts can potentially enhance or hinder end-of-life care. Research that identifies specificity in application of social capital concepts is fundamental to issues of access to services, sustaining levels of care, quality of life, and well-being. The importance of "bridged" social capital relations and networks for improved resource acquisition and information flow was identified in the literature and outlined within the palliative care social capital framework. Differential access to social capital by disadvantaged groups provides further impetus to engage a model of social capital for palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Lewis
- Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Kent EE, Sender LS, Morris RA, Grigsby TJ, Montoya MJ, Ziogas A, Anton-Culver H. Multilevel socioeconomic effects on quality of life in adolescent and young adult survivors of leukemia and lymphoma. Qual Life Res 2012; 22:1339-51. [PMID: 22922952 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-012-0254-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer registry survival analyses have shown that adolescent and young adult patients with low socioeconomic status (SES) have reduced survival compared to those with higher SES. The objective of this study was to determine whether neighborhood- (nSES) and/or individual-level SES (iSES) also predicted current quality of life in adolescent and young adult survivors. METHODS The Socioeconomics and Quality of Life study surveyed adolescent and young adult survivors of leukemia and lymphoma at least one year post-diagnosis using population-based ascertainment. Factor analysis was used to create a multidimensional age-relevant iSES score and compared with a preexisting census-block-group derived nSES score. Four quality of life domains were assessed: physical health, psychological and emotional well-being, social relationships, and life skills. Nested multivariable linear regression models were run to test the associations between both SES measures and quality of life and to compare the explanatory power of nSES and iSES. RESULTS Data from 110 individuals aged 16-40 were included in the final analysis. After adjustment for sociodemographic confounders, low nSES was associated only with poorer physical health, whereas low iSES was related to poorer quality of life in all four domains with iSES accounting for an additional 14, 12, 25, and 10 % of the variance, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Measures of SES at the individual as compared to the neighborhood level may be stronger indicators of outcomes in adolescents and young adults, which has important implications for SES measurement in the context of cancer surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Kent
- Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6116 Executive Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Ferrar KE, Olds TS, Maher CA, Gomersall SR. Social inequalities in health-related use of time in Australian adolescents. Aust N Z J Public Health 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2012.00883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Larsson M, Sundler AJ, Ekebergh M. Beyond self-rated health: the adolescent girl's lived experience of health in Sweden. J Sch Nurs 2012; 29:71-9. [PMID: 22550164 DOI: 10.1177/1059840512446151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this phenomenological study was to describe the phenomenon of health as experienced by adolescent girls in Sweden. Fifteen adolescent girls were interviewed with a focus on what made them feel well in their everyday life. This study reveals that the adolescent girl's health is a complex phenomenon interwoven with their lives. Health arises in meaningful contexts, in an adolescent girl's relations to others as well as in her ability to manage her life. Health is shaped in their everyday life and can be understood as a mood of "being" well that involves actions and practices. The results show that it is important to meet these girls from an open approach in order to support and strengthen their health and well-being. The health of adolescent girls can be supported, and it is a challenge for professionals, particularly school nurses, who meet these girls in everyday life to improve their health.
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Morgan AR, Rivera F, Moreno C, Haglund BJA. Does social capital travel? Influences on the life satisfaction of young people living in England and Spain. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:138. [PMID: 22353283 PMCID: PMC3311094 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study used a social capital framework to examine the relationship between a set of potential protective ('health assets') factors and the wellbeing of 15 year adolescents living in Spain and England. The overall purpose of the study was to compare the consistency of these relationships between countries and to investigate their respective relative importance. Methods Data were drawn from the 2002, English and Spanish components of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey A total of 3,591 respondents (1884, Spain; 1707, England) aged 15, drawn from random samples of students in 215 and 80 schools respectively were included in the study. A series of univariate, bivariate and multivariate (general linear modelling and decision tree) analyses were used to establish the relationships. Results Results showed that the wellbeing of Spanish and English adolescents is similar and good. Three measures of social capital and 2 measures of social support were found to be important factors in the general linear model. Namely, family autonomy and control; family and school sense of belonging; and social support at home and school. However, there were differences in how the sub components of social capital manifest themselves in each country--feelings of autonomy of control, were more important in England and social support factors in Spain. Conclusions There is some evidence to suggest that social capital (and its related concept of social support) do travel and are applicable to young people living in Spain and England. Given the different constellation of assets found in each country, it is not possible to define exactly the precise formula for applying social capital across cultures. This should more appropriately be defined at the programme planning stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony R Morgan
- Public Health Sciences Department, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Kritsotakis G, Vassilaki M, Chatzi L, Georgiou V, Philalithis AE, Kogevinas M, Koutis A. Maternal social capital and birth outcomes in the mother–child cohort in Crete, Greece (Rhea study). Soc Sci Med 2011; 73:1653-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Eriksson U, Hochwälder J, Sellström E. Perceptions of community trust and safety - consequences for children's well-being in rural and urban contexts. Acta Paediatr 2011; 100:1373-8. [PMID: 21554386 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the associations between subjective well-being and perceptions of community trust and safety amongst children in rural and urban areas. METHODS The study used self-reported data from the 2001/2002 Swedish cross-national WHO study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children. The sample consisted of 3852 children aged 11-15 years, living in different residential areas. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression were performed. RESULTS The results indicated that a greater proportion of children in urban areas perceived low community trust and safety, compared with children in rural areas. Further, the multivariate analysis revealed that perceived community trust and safety significantly impacts upon children's subjective well-being in both rural and urban contexts. CONCLUSION Children's perceptions of trust and safety have different magnitudes in urban and rural areas. The associations of perceptions of community trust and safety for children's subjective well-being are relevant in both urban and rural areas. As perceptions of low trust and safety in the community seem to be related to low subjective well-being, efforts to encourage community trust and safety should be included amongst the key priorities in community health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Eriksson
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
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