1
|
MoghaddamHosseini V, Ebrahimi Aval H, Lari Najafi M, Lotfi H, Heydari H, Miri M, Dadvand P. The association between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166922. [PMID: 37699478 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been linked to adverse birth outcomes; however, to date, the available studies on such relations, with the exception of birth weight, has not been systematically synthesized. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available observational studies on the association of maternal exposure to PAHs and their metabolites during pregnancy with indicators of fetal growth and gestational age at delivery. We searched Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus systematically for all relevant published papers in English until 13 January 2023. Random effects meta-analysis was applied to synthesize the association estimates. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression. A total of 31 articles were included in our review (n = 703,080 participants). Our quality assessment of reviewed papers showed that 19 research had excellent, nine had good, and three had fair quality. Most of the reviewed studies on exposure to PAHs and their metabolites with gestational age and preterm birth (seven studies) reported no statistically significant association. Eight studies were eligible for our meta-analysis. Results of the meta-analysis indicated that higher levels of maternal urinary 1-OHP was associated with lower birth weight, birth length and head circumference and a higher risk of low birth weight (LBW). However, these associations were not statistically significant. Similarly, the combined association between maternal urinary 1-OHP and newborn's Ponderal index (PI) and Cephalization index were not statistically significant. Overall, our systematic review and meta-analysis suggested a potential adverse impact of exposure to PAHs on LBW, HC, and CC; however, further studies are required to be able to draw concrete conclusions on such associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh MoghaddamHosseini
- Health of the Elderly Research Center, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ebrahimi Aval
- Student Research Committee, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Moslem Lari Najafi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hadi Lotfi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hafez Heydari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miri
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Van Buren KW, Rocheleau CM, Chen IC, Desrosiers TA, Sanderson WT, Politis MD, Ailes EC. Maternal occupational exposure to selected organic and chlorinated solvents and delivery of small-for-gestational age or preterm infants. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:842-853. [PMID: 37463847 PMCID: PMC10527887 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential reproductive effects of organic solvent exposure during pregnancy remain unclear. We investigated the association between maternal occupational exposure during pregnancy to six chlorinated solvents, three aromatic solvents, and Stoddard solvent, and delivery of preterm infants or those born small-for-gestational age (SGA). METHODS In this case-control study of SGA and preterm birth (PTB) nested within the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) from 1997 to 2011, we analyzed data from 7504 singleton live births without major birth defects and their mothers. Self-reported information on jobs held in the periconceptional period was assessed for solvent exposure. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association between maternal occupational exposure (any, none) during early pregnancy to organic solvents and PTB and SGA. Linear regression was used to examine changes in mean birthweight potentially associated with maternal occupational solvent exposure. RESULTS Maternal occupational exposure to any organic solvents overall was not associated with an increased odds of PTB (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-1.33) or SGA (aOR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.65-1.34). Point estimates increased modestly for higher estimated exposure versus lower, but confidence intervals were wide and not statistically significant. Maternal exposure to solvents was not associated with a statistically significant change in term birthweight among infants. CONCLUSIONS Occupational exposure to organic solvents at the frequency and intensity levels found in a population-based sample of pregnant workers was not associated with PTB or SGA; however, we cannot rule out any effects among pregnant workers with uncommonly high exposure to organic solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen W. Van Buren
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Carissa M. Rocheleau
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - I-Chen Chen
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tania A. Desrosiers
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wayne T. Sanderson
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Maria D. Politis
- Arkansas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Elizabeth C. Ailes
- Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
El-Sikaily A, Helal M, Nsonwu-Anyanwu AC, Azab H, Abd ElMoneim N, Farahat EOS, Saad A. Impacts of PAH accumulation on reproductive hormones, indices of oxidative stress and BPDE-albumin adduct in women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:517-531. [PMID: 37398572 PMCID: PMC10313630 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to Poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Disruption of hormonal and redox balance by toxic PAH metabolites may interfere with successful pregnancy leading to miscarriage. The association of exposure to PAH contaminated mussel via the dietary route with perturbations in reproductive hormones, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and PAH metabolites were assessed in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Furthermore, an analysis of the concentration of PAHs in environmentally relevant bivalve animals was performed to preliminary get insights into the levels of these pollutants in the environment. Seventy-six women (20-35 years) were categorized into 18 fertile women without RPL (control), and Groups I, II, and III comprising 24, 18, and 16 women with RPL (2, 3, and > 3 abortions respectively) were studied. Whole blood samples were collected for the estimation of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), progesterone (P4), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), benzo[a]pyren-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-albumin adduct (BPDE-albumin) and urine for α-naphthol and β-naphthol. Two species of mussel Donax trunculus and Andar aduloii samples were collected for the estimation of 16 priority PAHs. The concentration of PAHs exceeding the maximum limits was observed in the two species of mussels studied. Higher levels of BPDE-albumin, MDA, GST, α and β-naphthol and lower GSH, catalase, FSH, and P4 were observed in women with RPL (Groups I-III) compared to controls (p = < 0.001). Negative associations were observed between BPDE-albumin and catalase (r = - 0.276, p = 0.036), and GSH (r = - 0.331, p = - 0.011) only in women with RPL. Collectively, our findings indicate a possible association of chronic PAH accumulation with recurrent pregnancy loss in women. Graphical abstract High PAH exposure in pregnant women is associated with 10-epoxide-albumin adduct formation and high MDA levels in their sera. On the other hand, PAH exposure in those women led to a decrease in their GSH, catalase, P4, and FSH sera levels. These findings indicate that PAH exposure can exert different physiological effects in pregnant women leading to a high level of abortion in those women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amany El-Sikaily
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Helal
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hossam Azab
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Neveen Abd ElMoneim
- Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Aziza Saad
- Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pandelides Z, Sturgis MC, Thornton C, Aluru N, Willett KL. Benzo[a]pyrene-induced multigenerational changes in gene expression, behavior, and DNA methylation are primarily influenced by paternal exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 469:116545. [PMID: 37146889 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is implicated in many developmental and behavioral adverse outcomes in offspring of exposed parents. The objective of this study was to investigate sex-dependent multigenerational effects of preconceptional effects of BaP exposure. Adult wild-type (5D) zebrafish were fed 708 μg BaP/g diet (measured) at a rate of 1% body weight twice/day (14 μg BaP/g fish/day) for 21 days. Fish were spawned using a crossover design, and parental (F0) behavior and reproductive indexes were measured. In offspring, behavioral effects were measured at 96 h post fertilization (hpf) in F1 & F2 larvae, and again when F1s were adults. Compared to controls, there was no significant effect on F0 adult behavior immediately following exposure, but locomotor activity was significantly increased in F1 adults of both sexes. Larval behavior (96 hpf, photomotor response assay) was significantly altered in both the F1 and F2 generations. To assess molecular changes associated with BaP exposure, we conducted transcriptome and DNA methylation profiling in F0 gametes (sperm and eggs) and F1 embryos (10 hpf) from all four crosses. Embryos resulting from the BaP male and control female cross had the most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Some DMRs were associated with genes encoding chromatin modifying enzymes suggesting regulation of chromatin conformation by DNA methylation. Overall, these results suggest that parental dietary BaP exposure significantly contributes to the multigenerational adverse outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Pandelides
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - M C Sturgis
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - C Thornton
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - N Aluru
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States of America
| | - K L Willett
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vuong HE. Intersections of the microbiome and early neurodevelopment. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 167:1-23. [PMID: 36427952 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Our resident microbes influence nearly all aspects of our biological systems. In particular, the maternal and early life microbiota is uniquely positioned to influence the development of the nervous system, and alterations to the gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, during this critical time in early life can have long-lasting negative effects on health. The question of how the maternal and early life microbiota shapes neurodevelopment is the topic of numerous investigations. Here, we discuss two possible, but not necessarily independent, hypotheses: (1) the maternal microbiota during pregnancy regulates the metabolites that are important for fetal development, (2) maternal microbiota seeded to offspring at birth and early postnatal days programs offspring immune and brain development, and regulates key molecules for postnatal brain development. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the impact of the microbiota on brain and behavior, introduce the maternal gut and vaginal microbiome during pregnancy, and discuss current understandings of microbiome in the context of developmental origins of health and disease. We consider novel translational insights that harness the multitude of microbes and microbial metabolites for prevention or treatment of neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Vuong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Holme JA, Valen H, Brinchmann BC, Vist GE, Grimsrud TK, Becher R, Holme AM, Øvrevik J, Alexander J. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may explain the paradoxical effects of cigarette use on preeclampsia (PE). Toxicology 2022; 473:153206. [PMID: 35550401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking and use of snus (smokeless tobacco) are associated with adverse effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Nicotine is considered a key toxicant involved in effects caused by both smoking and snus, while pyrolysis products including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoke represents the constituents most unequally divided between these two groups of tobacco products. The aim of this review was: i) to compare the impact, in terms of relative effect estimates, of cigarette smoking and use of Swedish snus on pregnancy outcomes using similar non-tobacco user controls, and ii) to examine whether exposure to PAHs from smoking could explain possible differences in impact on pregnancy outcomes. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to October 2021 and identified studies reporting risks for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes associated with snus use and with smoking relative to pregnant women with no use of tobacco. Both snus use and smoking were associated with increased risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, and oral cleft malformation, with comparable point estimates. These effects were likely due to comparable nicotine exposure. We also found striking differences. While both smoking and snus increased the risk of having small for gestational age (SGA) infants, risk from maternal smoking was markedly higher as was the reduction in birthweight. In contrast, the risk of preeclampsia (PE) was markedly lower in smokers than in controls, while snus use was associated with a slightly increased risk. We suggest that PAHs acting via AhR may explain the stronger effects of tobacco smoking on SGA and also to the apparent protective effect of cigarette smoking on PE. Possible mechanisms involved include: i) disrupted endocrine control of fetal development as well as placental development and function, and ii) stress adaption and immune suppression in placenta and mother.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Håkon Valen
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gunn E Vist
- Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tom K Grimsrud
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Rune Becher
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ane M Holme
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jan Alexander
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bolte EE, Moorshead D, Aagaard KM. Maternal and early life exposures and their potential to influence development of the microbiome. Genome Med 2022; 14:4. [PMID: 35016706 PMCID: PMC8751292 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-01005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
At the dawn of the twentieth century, the medical care of mothers and children was largely relegated to family members and informally trained birth attendants. As the industrial era progressed, early and key public health observations among women and children linked the persistence of adverse health outcomes to poverty and poor nutrition. In the time hence, numerous studies connecting genetics ("nature") to public health and epidemiologic data on the role of the environment ("nurture") have yielded insights into the importance of early life exposures in relation to the occurrence of common diseases, such as diabetes, allergic and atopic disease, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. As a result of these parallel efforts in science, medicine, and public health, the developing brain, immune system, and metabolic physiology are now recognized as being particularly vulnerable to poor nutrition and stressful environments from the start of pregnancy to 3 years of age. In particular, compelling evidence arising from a diverse array of studies across mammalian lineages suggest that modifications to our metagenome and/or microbiome occur following certain environmental exposures during pregnancy and lactation, which in turn render risk of childhood and adult diseases. In this review, we will consider the evidence suggesting that development of the offspring microbiome may be vulnerable to maternal exposures, including an analysis of the data regarding the presence or absence of a low-biomass intrauterine microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Bolte
- Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, USA
| | - David Moorshead
- Immunology & Microbiology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, USA
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Immunology & Microbiology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, USA.
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Srinivas S, Ravi MB, Raghavendra Swamy KN, Anupama A, Roy A, Gowrav MP, Achar R. Influence of Domestic Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Women's Periconceptional Stage and Associated Risk of Oral Cleft in Offspring. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2022; 14:S589-S594. [PMID: 36110813 PMCID: PMC9469367 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_659_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aim: Methodology: Results: Conclusion:
Collapse
|
9
|
Álvarez-Silvares E, Rubio-Cid P, González-Gómez X, Domínguez-Vigo P, Fernández-Cruz T, Seoane-Pillado T, Martínez-Carballo E. Determination of organic pollutants in meconium and its relationship with fetal growth. Case control study in Northwestern Spain. J Perinat Med 2021; 49:884-896. [PMID: 33856139 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2020-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antenatal exposure to organic pollutants is a leading public health problem. Meconium is a unique matrix to perform prenatal studies because it enables us to retrospectively evaluate fetal exposure accumulated during the second and third trimester. The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between organic pollutant levels in meconium and birth weight in NW Spain. METHODS In this study, we quantify the concentrations of 50 organic pollutants together with the total values of the most important chemical groups in meconium using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers were detected with the highest levels in meconium from small for gestational age newborns. It was estimated that several congeners were statistically significant (p<0.05). However, organophosphorus pesticides attained higher concentrations in newborns with an appropriate weight. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of transplacental transfer can be confirmed. Prenatal exposure to organic pollutants was associated with a decrease in birth weight and, therefore, organic pollutants could have an impact on fetal growth. Nevertheless, these results need validation in larger sample sized studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Álvarez-Silvares
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Ourense, Spain
| | - Paula Rubio-Cid
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Ourense, Spain
| | - Xiana González-Gómez
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Paula Domínguez-Vigo
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Ourense, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Cruz
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster (CITACA), Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao S, Li C, Wang Z, Yu S, Shi Z. Industrial polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions embodied in domestic trade in China in 2012. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 284:111994. [PMID: 33515841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.111994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions cause non-negligible damage to human health and well-being. Effective regional cooperation is urgently required to mitigate PAHs emissions to maintain satisfactory air quality. This study quantified and tracked China's PAHs emissions flows embodied in interprovincial trade. A production-based emissions inventory of 16 U.S. EPA priority PAHs based on commercial energy consumption in China in 2012 was compiled using the emissions factor approach. Then, a multiregional input-output model was constructed to reveal consumption-based emissions and to track the PAHs emissions embodied in the trade of 27 major sectors across 30 regions in China. Key structural paths were also identified using structural path analysis (SPA). In 2012, the total industrial energy-derived PAHs emissions were estimated to be 47.7 tons of BaP-toxic equivalents (8032.7 tons of mass). Shandong, Hebei, and Hubei accounted for more than 24.0% of the production-side PAHs emissions in the whole country. Approximately 30.8% of China's PAHs emissions were embodied in goods consumed outside of the province in which they were produced. PAHs flow tended to start in the western regions and ended in the eastern regions along the coast. The results of the SPA showed that critical paths, such as from the Metallurgy sector to the Construction sector, embodied a large amount of emissions and had the potential to affect the performance of the entire system. By paying attention to the consumption-based accounting as well as the production-based accounting of emissions and by focusing on vital transfer paths, policymakers can devise effective and targeted environmental protection and sustainable development policies in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, 6158540, Japan
| | - Cai Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Shuxia Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhihua Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang J, Lu Z, Liu Z, Wang L, Qiang M. Methylation of Imprinted Genes in Sperm DNA Correlated to Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure Levels in Reproductive-Aged Men and the Birth Outcomes of the Offspring. Front Genet 2021; 11:611276. [PMID: 33505432 PMCID: PMC7834272 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.611276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known environmental pollutants. Studies are very limited regarding the impacts of paternal PAHs exposure on birth outcomes as well as the underpinning mechanisms in human. In this study, 302 reproductive-aged males (22-46 years old) were enrolled and demographic informatics data were obtained by questionnaires. The levels of urinary hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) were assessed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; and methylation levels of the imprinting genes H19, Meg3, and Peg3 of sperm DNA were evaluated via bisulfite pyrosequencing. The analysis of the correlation between OH-PAHs levels and methylation levels of imprinting genes showed that OH-PAHs are correlated with some CpG sites in H19, Peg3, and Meg3. To further investigate an association of urinary OH-PAHs with birth outcomes, follow-up study of wives of these subjects has been performed for 1-3 years. As the result, a total of 157 babies were born. The birth outcomes parameters including birth weight (BW), length (BL), and ponderal index (PI) were recorded. The further analysis of generalized estimating equation indicated a negative correlation between urinary total OH-PAHs levels and newborn BW (β = -0.081, p = 0.020); but this association has not been found for BL and PI. Furthermore, a logistic regression analysis was employed for examining associations of the methylation of imprinting genes with birth outcomes parameters, which indicated a negative correlation between BW and H19, namely, each unit percent (%) elevation in methylation of H19 (but not Peg3 and Meg3) was significantly associated with a 0.135 g reduction of BW (β = -0.135; 95% CI 0.781-0.978). Putting together, these results show that paternal non-occupational environmental exposure to PAHs is associated with newborn BW. And imprinting gene H19 methylation may be involved in the underlying mechanisms. This study in human population adds a support for previous animal study and implies that environmental impact on the offspring through paternal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Department of Children and Adolescences Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhaoxu Lu
- Department of Children and Adolescences Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Department of Children and Adolescences Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Children and Adolescences Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mei Qiang
- Department of Children and Adolescences Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Banerjee S, Suter MA, Aagaard KM. Interactions between Environmental Exposures and the Microbiome: Implications for Fetal Programming. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2020; 13:39-48. [PMID: 33283070 PMCID: PMC7716732 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Decades of population-based health outcomes data highlight the importance of understanding how environmental exposures in pregnancy affect maternal and neonatal outcomes. Animal model research and epidemiological studies have revealed that such exposures are able to alter fetal programming through stable changes in the epigenome, including altered DNA methylation patterns and histone modifications in the developing fetus and infant. It is similarly known that while microbes can biotransform environmental chemicals via conjugation and de-conjugation, specific exposures can also alter the community profile and function of the human microbiome. In this review, we consider how alterations to the maternal and or fetal/infant microbiome through environmental exposures could directly and indirectly alter fetal programming. We highlight two specific environmental exposures, cadmium (Cd) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and outline their effects on the developing fetus and the perinatal (maternal and fetal/infant) microbiome. We further consider how chemical exposures in the setting of natural disasters may be of particular importance to environmental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Banerjee
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Departments of Molecular & Human Genetics, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Melissa A. Suter
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Departments of Molecular & Human Genetics, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Kjersti M. Aagaard
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Departments of Molecular & Human Genetics, Molecular & Cell Biology, and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kumar SN, Saxena P, Patel R, Sharma A, Pradhan D, Singh H, Deval R, Bhardwaj SK, Borgohain D, Akhtar N, Raisuddin S, Jain AK. Predicting risk of low birth weight offspring from maternal features and blood polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 94:92-100. [PMID: 32283251 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to organic pollutants increases the risk of low birth weight (LBW) offspring. Women involved in the plucking of tea leaves can be exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during pregnancy through inhalation and diet. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the association of maternal socio-demographic features and blood PAH concentration with LBW; also to develop a model for predicting LBW risk. The study was performed by recruiting 55 women who delivered LBW and 120 women with NBW (normal birth weight) babies from Assam Medical College. The placental tissue, maternal and cord blood samples were collected. A total of sixteen PAHs and cotinine were analysed by HPLC and GC-MS. Association of PAH concentration with weight was determined using correlation and multiple logistic regression analyses. Predictive model was developed using SVMlight and Weka software. Maternal features such as age, education, food habits, occupation, etc. were found to be associated with LBW deliveries (p-value<0.05). Overall, 9 PAHs and cotinine were detected in the samples. A multiple logistic regression depicted an increased likelihood of LBW by exposure to PAHs (pyrene, di-benzo (a,h) anthracene, fluorene and fluoranthene) and cotinine. Models based on the features and PAHs/ cotinine predicted LBW offspring with 84.35% sensitivity and 74% specificity. LBW prediction models are available at http://dev.icmr.org.in/plbw/ webserver. With machine learning gaining more importance in medical science; our webserver could be instrumental for researchers and clinicians to predict the state of the fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Nandar Kumar
- Environmental Toxicology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India; Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Pallavi Saxena
- Environmental Toxicology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India; Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly, UP, 243112, India
| | - Rachana Patel
- ICMR AIIMS Computational Genomics Centre, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Arun Sharma
- ICMR AIIMS Computational Genomics Centre, New Delhi, 110029, India; DBT APEX BTIC, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | | | - Harpreet Singh
- ICMR AIIMS Computational Genomics Centre, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ravi Deval
- Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly, UP, 243112, India
| | | | - Deepa Borgohain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786001, India
| | - Nida Akhtar
- Environmental Toxicology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Arun Kumar Jain
- Environmental Toxicology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Weinstein JR, Diaz-Artiga A, Benowitz N, Thompson LM. Reductions in urinary metabolites of exposure to household air pollution in pregnant, rural Guatemalan women provided liquefied petroleum gas stoves. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2020; 30:362-373. [PMID: 31477781 PMCID: PMC7044065 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-019-0163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household air pollution from solid fuels is a leading risk factor for morbidity and mortality worldwide. Pregnant women's exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), two components of solid-fuel smoke, is associated with adverse birth outcomes. Even with improved solid-fuel stoves, exposure to PAHs and VOCs remains high. Therefore, cleaner cooking fuels need to be prioritized. OBJECTIVE We aimed to quantify exposure reduction to PAHs and VOCs among pregnant women in rural Guatemala with a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urine from pregnant women (N = 50) was collected twice: at <20 weeks gestation, when women cooked exclusively with wood, and 6-8 weeks after receiving an LPG stove. Metabolites of four PAHs and eight VOCs were analyzed. Concurrent with urine collection, personal 48-h PM2.5 exposure was measured. RESULTS Women cooking exclusively with wood were exposed to high levels of particulate matter (PM2.5), which was reduced by 57% with the LPG stove. Urinary concentrations of total PAH metabolites (-37%), PMA (benzene metabolite; -49%), and CNEMA (acrylonitrile metabolite; -51%) were reduced. However, recent use of a wood-fired sauna bath led to large increases in excretion of urinary toxicant metabolites (+66-135%). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report PAH and VOC reductions from an LPG stove intervention introduced during pregnancy. However, other sources of air pollution minimized the gains seen from using an LPG stove. Thus, all sources of air pollution must be addressed in concert to reduce exposures to levels that protect health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John R Weinstein
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anaité Diaz-Artiga
- Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Neal Benowitz
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lisa M Thompson
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Santiago-Colón A, Rocheleau CM, Chen IC, Sanderson W, Waters MA, Lawson CC, Langlois PH, Cragan JD, Reefhuis J. Association between maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and rare birth defects of the face and central nervous system. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:404-417. [PMID: 31944002 PMCID: PMC8641638 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested associations between maternal smoking, a source of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other chemicals, and central nervous system and face birth defects; however, no previous studies have evaluated maternal occupational PAH exposure itself. METHODS Jobs held in the periconceptional period were retrospectively assigned for occupational PAH exposures. Associations between maternal occupational PAH exposure and selected rare defects of the face (cataracts, microphthalmia, glaucoma, microtia, and choanal atresia) and central nervous system (holoprosencephaly, hydrocephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, and Dandy-Walker malformation) were evaluated using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a population-based case-control study in the United States. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to estimate associations between each evaluated defect and PAH exposure using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Food and beverage serving, as well as cooks and food preparation occupations, were among the most frequent jobs held by exposed mothers. Cataracts, microtia, microphthalmia, and holoprosencephaly were significantly associated with PAH exposure with evidence of dose-response (P-values for trend ≤.05). Hydrocephaly was associated with any PAH exposure, but not significant for trend. Sensitivity analyses that reduced possible sources of exposure misclassification tended to strengthen associations. CONCLUSIONS This is the first population-based case-control study to evaluate associations between maternal occupational PAH exposures and these rare birth defects of the central nervous system and face.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albeliz Santiago-Colón
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Carissa M Rocheleau
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - I-Chen Chen
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Wayne Sanderson
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Martha A Waters
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christina C Lawson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Peter H Langlois
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
| | - Janet D Cragan
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Suter MA, Aagaard KM, Coarfa C, Robertson M, Zhou G, Jackson BP, Thompson D, Putluri V, Putluri N, Hagan J, Wang L, Jiang W, Lingappan K, Moorthy B. Association between elevated placental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PAH-DNA adducts from Superfund sites in Harris County, and increased risk of preterm birth (PTB). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:344-349. [PMID: 31208719 PMCID: PMC6637943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The preterm birth (PTB) rate in Harris County, Texas, exceeds the U.S. rate (11.4% vs.9.6%), and there are 15 active Superfund sites in Harris County. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contaminants of concern (COC) at Superfund sites across the nation. In this investigation, we tested the hypothesis that higher levels of exposure to PAHs and PAH-DNA adducts in placenta of women living near Superfund sites contribute to the increased rate of PTBs. Levels of benzo[a]pyene (BP), benzo[b]fluorene (BbF) and dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA), were higher in placentae from preterm deliveries compared with term deliveries in women living near Superfund sites, whereas this was not the case for women living in non-Superfund site areas. Among the PAHs, DBA levels were significantly higher than BP or BbF, and DBA levels were inversely correlated with gestational age at delivery and birth weight. Bulky PAH-DNA adducts are more prevalent in placental tissue from individuals residing near Superfund sites. Expression of Ah receptor (AHR) and NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) was decreased in preterm deliveries in subjects residing near Superfund sites. Unbiased metabolomics revealed alterations in pathways involved in pentose phosphate, inositol phosphate and starch and sucrose metabolism in preterm subjects in Superfund site areas. In summary, this is the first report showing an association between PAH levels, DNA adducts, and modulation of endogenous metabolic pathways with PTBs in subjects residing near Superfund sites, and further studies could lead to novel strategies in the understanding of the mechanisms by which PAHs contribute to PTBs in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Suter
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kjersti M Aagaard
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Robertson
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guodong Zhou
- Institute of Biotechnology, Texas A&M University Health Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Dominique Thompson
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Hagan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weiwu Jiang
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Krithika Lingappan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Norlén F, Gustavsson P, Wiebert P, Rylander L, Westgren M, Plato N, Albin M, Selander J. Occupational exposure to organic particles and combustion products during pregnancy and birth outcome in a nationwide cohort study in Sweden. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:537-544. [PMID: 31123077 PMCID: PMC6703147 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective To study if children of women exposed to organic particles and combustion products at work during pregnancy, have an increased risk of low birth weight, preterm birth or small for gestational age. Methods A nationwide cohort of all occupationally active mothers and their children from single births during 1994 to the end of 2012 (1 182 138 observations) was formed. Information on birth outcome was obtained from the medical birth register. Information on absence from work, education, occupation, age, nationality and smoking habits was obtained from national registers. A job exposure matrix (FINJEM) was used to assess the exposure. Results Pregnant women with low absence from work and high (>50th percentile) exposure to organic particles had an increased risk of giving birth to children with low birth weight (OR=1.19; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.32), small for gestational age (OR=1.22; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.38) or preterm birth (OR=1.17; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.27). Subgroup analyses showed an increased risk of small for gestational age in association with exposure to oil mist. Exposure to oil mist and cooking fumes was associated with low birth weight. Paper and other organic dust was associated with preterm birth. Exposure to combustion products showed an increased risk of small for gestational age (OR=1.40; 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.71). Conclusions The results indicate that occupational exposure to organic particles or combustion products during pregnancy is associated with restriction of fetal growth and preterm birth. More studies are needed to confirm a casual association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Norlén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Rylander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Westgren
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nils Plato
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Norlén F, Gustavsson P, Wiebert P, Rylander L, Albin M, Westgren M, Plato N, Selander J. Occupational exposure to inorganic particles during pregnancy and birth outcomes: a nationwide cohort study in Sweden. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023879. [PMID: 30819703 PMCID: PMC6398675 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate if occupational exposure to inorganic particles or welding fumes during pregnancy is associated with negative birth outcomes. DESIGN A prospective national cohort study. SETTING All single births from 1994 to 2012 in Sweden. Information on birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age, smoking habits, nationality, age, occupation, absence from work and education was obtained from nationwide registers. Exposure to inorganic particles (mg/m3) was assessed from a job exposure matrix. PARTICIPANTS This study included all single births by occupationally active mothers (995 843). OUTCOME MEASURES Associations between occupational exposures and negative birth outcomes in the form of low birth weight, preterm birth and small for gestational age. RESULTS Mothers who had high exposure to inorganic particles and had less than 50 days (median) of absence from work during pregnancy showed an increased risk of preterm birth (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.30), low birth weight (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.48) as well as small for gestational age (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.39). The increased risks were driven by exposure to iron particles. No increased risks were found in association with exposure to stone and concrete particles. High exposure to welding fumes was associated with an increased risk of low birth weight (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.45) and preterm birth (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.42). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that pregnant women should not be exposed to high levels of iron particles or welding fumes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Norlén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Rylander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Westgren
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nils Plato
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cathey A, Ferguson KK, McElrath TF, Cantonwine DE, Pace G, Alshawabkeh A, Cordero JF, Meeker JD. Distribution and predictors of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in two pregnancy cohort studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 232:556-562. [PMID: 28993025 PMCID: PMC5650937 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant women and their fetuses represent susceptible populations to environmental contaminants. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) among pregnant women may contribute to adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth. Multiple previous studies have assessed airborne sources of PAHs among pregnant women but few have measured urinary PAH metabolites which can capture total exposure through multiple routes. The aim of this study was to bridge this knowledge gap by assessing longitudinal urinary PAH metabolite concentrations over two time points in pregnancy cohorts in Boston (N = 200) and Puerto Rico (N = 50) to better understand exposure distributions throughout pregnancy and how they relate to demographic factors. Urine samples were analyzed for 1-NAP, 2-NAP, 2-FLU, 1-PHE, 2,3-PHE, 4-PHE, 9-PHE, and 1-PYR. Concentrations of 2-NAP, 1-PYR, and 4-PHE were higher in Puerto Rico, while all other metabolites were present in higher concentrations in Boston. In Puerto Rico, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were weak to moderate, ranging from 0.06 to 0.42. PAH metabolite concentrations were significantly higher among younger, heavier (except 1-NAP and 9-PHE), and less educated individuals in Boston only. Consistent significant associations between PAH concentrations and measured covariates were not found in Puerto Rico. Our results suggest that potentially important differences in PAH exposure exist between these two populations. Additionally, our results indicate that multiple urinary measurements are required to accurately assess PAH exposure throughout pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber Cathey
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Thomas F McElrath
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David E Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gerry Pace
- NSF International, 789 N Dixboro Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Akram Alshawabkeh
- College of Engineering, Northeastern University, 110 Forsyth St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jose F Cordero
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia College of Public Health, 101 Buck Rd., Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Naidoo P, Naidoo RN, Ramkaran P, Asharam K, Chuturgoon AA. The Tyr113His T/C rs1051740 and 'very slow' phenotype of the EPHX1 gene alters miR-26b-5p and miR-1207-5p expression in pregnancy. Gene 2017; 633:71-81. [PMID: 28789952 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental insults and microsomal epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Tyr113His T/C rs1051740 and His139Arg A/G rs2234922, aberrantly alters microRNA (miR) expression and are linked to low birthweights (LBW). OBJECTIVES To investigate the interplay between pollution, EPHX1 SNPs and miRs during pregnancy and associated LBW outcomes. METHODS South African pregnant women (n=241) were recruited in the MACE birth cohort study in Durban, a city with high levels of industry and traffic related pollutants. EPHX1 SNPs were genotyped using PCR-RFLP and grouped into their respective phenotypes, i.e. normal (N), slow (S), very slow (VS) and fast (F). EPHX1, miR-26b-5p, miR-193b-3p and miR-1207-5p expression were determined using quantitative PCR. RESULTS Mothers with the Tyr113His SNP had low iron levels [TT vs. TC+CC: mean difference (MD)=0.67g/dl; p=0.0167], LBW [TT vs. TC+CC: MD=189.30g; p=0.0067], and low EPHX1 expression; p<0.0001. miR-26b-5p and miR-1207-5p expression were significantly higher in the CC genotypes compared to TT+TC groups; p<0.0001. The opposite trend occurred for miR-193b-3p; p=0.0045. Mothers with the VS phenotype had low iron levels [N vs. VS and VS vs. F: MD=2.03 and -1.96g/dl; p=0.0021, respectively], decreased gestational age [VS vs. F: MD=-2.14weeks; p=0.0051, respectively], and LBW [N vs. VS, VS vs. F and S vs. VS: MD=1000, -940.30 and 968.80g; p<0.0001, respectively]; F phenotype had the highest EPHX1 expression [N vs. F, VS vs. F and S vs. F: MD=-1.067, -1.854 and -1.379; p=0.0002, respectively]; and N phenotype had low miR-26b-5p [N vs. VS: MD=-0.6100; p=0.0159] and miR-1207-5p [N vs. VS and VS vs. F: MD=-0.834 and 1.103; p=0.0007, respectively] expression. miR-193b-3p expression between phenotypes remained unchanged. CONCLUSION The Tyr113His T/C variant of rs1051740 and VS phenotype alters EPHX1, miR-26b-5p and miR-1207-5p expression, and contributes towards low blood iron levels and LBW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pragalathan Naidoo
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rajen N Naidoo
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Prithiksha Ramkaran
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kareshma Asharam
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Amiri A, Turner-Henson A. The Roles of Formaldehyde Exposure and Oxidative Stress in Fetal Growth in the Second Trimester. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2017; 46:51-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
22
|
Alharthy KM, Albaqami FF, Thornton C, Corrales J, Willett KL. Mechanistic Evaluation of Benzo[a]pyrene's Developmental Toxicities Mediated by Reduced Cyp19a1b Activity. Toxicol Sci 2016; 155:135-147. [PMID: 27633980 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that is both an endocrine disruptor and a carcinogen. Aromatase (CYP19) is a key enzyme in steroidogenesis that is responsible for conversion of androgens to estrogens and thus plays a key role in steroid homeostasis. We hypothesized that some of the adverse outcomes of early developmental exposure to BaP are the result of reduced Cyp19a1b activity. Our goal was to investigate the role of estrogen homeostasis during early development and determine the role of aromatase inhibition as a relevant mechanism in BaP's developmental toxicities. One-cell zebrafish embryos were injected with a Cyp19a1b-morpholino (MO) or control-MO. Other non-injected embryos were exposed to waterborne BaP, fadrozole (a Cyp19 inhibitor), estradiol (E2), BaP + E2, Cyp19a1b MO + E2, or fadrozole + E2 for 96 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Adverse outcomes were compared between treatments, and the ability of E2 co-exposure to rescue each observed dysmorphology was assessed. BaP significantly decreased cyp19a1b gene expression in 96 hpf zebrafish larvae homogenates. Concentrations of E2 in 48 hpf larvae were significantly decreased by BaP, fadrozole and Cyp19a1b-MO. Cumulative mortality of zebrafish larvae was significantly increased following BaP or fadrozole exposure or Cyp19a1b knockdown compared to controls. E2 co-treatment rescued mortality caused by 10 μg/L BaP, 10 μg/L fadrozole, or Cyp19a1b-MO. In a treatment-blinded morphological assessment of larvae at 96 hpf, several phenotypes were negatively impacted by BaP, fadrozole, or Cyp19a1b knockdown and rescued by exogenous E2 co-treatment; these included body length, optic vesicle size, swim bladder inflation, pericardial and abdominal edema, and incidence of normal larval tail shape. Abnormal pectoral fins were caused by BaP exposure only. Uninflated swim bladders were caused by all treatments including E2 alone. Our results indicate that certain BaP-mediated adverse developmental outcomes were mechanistically in accordance with BaP-mediated Cyp19a1b inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M Alharthy
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Divisions of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi
| | - Faisal F Albaqami
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Divisions of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi
| | - Cammi Thornton
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Divisions of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi
| | - Jone Corrales
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Divisions of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi
| | - Kristine L Willett
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Divisions of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Khojasteh F, Arbabisarjou A, Boryri T, Safarzadeh A, Pourkahkhaei M. The Relationship between Maternal Employment Status and Pregnancy Outcomes. Glob J Health Sci 2016; 8:53533. [PMID: 27157153 PMCID: PMC5064079 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n9p37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Women comprise a large percentage of the workforce in industrial countries. In Europe and many other places in the world, women of reproductive age comprise a significant proportion of the workforce at the workplaces, and the rules and regulations require employers to evaluate and minimize health risks to pregnant women. In U.K, 70%, and in the United States 59% of women are employed. In Iran, 13% of women are employed, which comes down to less than 5% at Sistan& Baluchestan Province. Various studies have reported contradictory results about the effects of maternal employment tasks such as standing, repetitive bending, climbing stairs, and lifting heavy objects during pregnancy on fetal growth, preterm birth and other obstetric complications. Given the growing number of working women, and potential complications for mothers, the present study has conducted to investigate the relationship between maternal employment status and pregnancy outcomes in Zahedan city, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on survey conducted on 227 women (121 housewives, and 106 employed women) attending health centers in 2014. Using purposive convenient sampling method, eligible pregnant mothers (with no chronic diseases, singleton pregnancy, gravida 1-3, and no addiction) were selected as study subjects. Data were collected and recorded through a researcher-made questionnaire and also from mothers’ medical records, including personal details, prenatal and labor complications, and infant’s details. Collected data were fed into the SPSS version 21(IBM Corp, USA). Results: Frequency of placental abruption was greater among housewives (P=0.02), and a significant relationship was found between employment status and lifting heavy objects, which was more frequent among housewives (P=0.01). Lifting heavy objects during pregnancy was only significantly related to reduced amniotic fluid (P=0.001) and low birth weight (P=0.01). Frequency of preterm labor was higher among housewives compared to employed women, but not significantly. Type of delivery was significantly related to employment, and employed mothers had more cesarean deliveries (P=0.0001). Conclusion: The results suggest more frequent lifting of heavy objects by housewives than by employed mothers, leading to increased complications such as reduced amniotic fluid, placental abruption, and low birth weight. Perhaps due to higher education levels, frequency of cesarean section and preterm labor was higher among employed mothers. However, employment alone does not predict pregnancy outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farnoush Khojasteh
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran..
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee LJ, Symanski E, Lupo PJ, Tinker SC, Razzaghi H, Pompeii LA, Hoyt AT, Canfield MA, Chan W. Data linkage between the National Birth Defects Prevention Study and the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to assess workplace physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and emotional stressors during pregnancy. Am J Ind Med 2016; 59:137-49. [PMID: 26681357 PMCID: PMC4888062 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of the prevalence of work-related physical activities, sedentary behaviors, and emotional stressors among pregnant women is limited, and the extent to which these exposures vary by maternal characteristics remains unclear. METHODS Data on mothers of 6,817 infants without major birth defects, with estimated delivery during 1997 through 2009 who worked during pregnancy were obtained from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Information on multiple domains of occupational exposures was gathered by linking mother's primary job to the Occupational Information Network Version 9.0. RESULTS The most frequent estimated physical activity associated with jobs during pregnancy was standing. Of 6,337 mothers, 31.0% reported jobs associated with standing for ≥75% of their time. There was significant variability in estimated occupational exposures by maternal age, race/ethnicity, and educational level. CONCLUSIONS Our findings augment existing literature on occupational physical activities, sedentary behaviors, emotional stressors, and occupational health disparities during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Philip J. Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sarah C. Tinker
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hilda Razzaghi
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lisa A. Pompeii
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Adrienne T. Hoyt
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
| | - Mark A. Canfield
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
| | - Wenyaw Chan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
O’Brien JL, Langlois PH, Lawson CC, Scheuerle A, Rocheleau CM, Waters MA, Symanski E, Romitti PA, Agopian A, Lupo PJ. Maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and craniosynostosis among offspring in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH. PART A, CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY 2016; 106:55-60. [PMID: 26033890 PMCID: PMC4668225 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence in animal models and humans suggests that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may lead to birth defects. To our knowledge, this relationship has not been evaluated for craniosynostosis, a birth defect characterized by the premature closure of sutures in the skull. We conducted a case-control study to examine associations between maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis. METHODS We used data from craniosynostosis cases and control infants in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) with estimated delivery dates from 1997 to 2002. Industrial hygienists reviewed occupational data from the computer-assisted telephone interview and assigned a yes/no rating of probable occupational PAH exposure for each job from 1 month before conception through delivery. We used logistic regression to assess the association between occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis. RESULTS The prevalence of exposure was 5.3% in case mothers (16/300) and 3.7% in control mothers (107/2,886). We observed a positive association between exposure to PAHs during the 1 month before conception through the third month of pregnancy and craniosynostosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-3.05) after adjusting for maternal age and maternal education. The number of cases for each craniosynostosis subtype limited subtype analyses to sagittal craniosynostosis; the odds ratio remained similar (OR = 1.76, 95% CI, 0.82-3.75), but was not significant. CONCLUSION Our findings support a moderate association between maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis. Additional work is needed to better characterize susceptibility and the role PAHs may play on specific craniosynostosis subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline L. O’Brien
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter H. Langlois
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of
State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Christina C. Lawson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Angela Scheuerle
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Metabolism, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Carissa M. Rocheleau
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Martha A. Waters
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences,
University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul A. Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa,
Iowa City, USA
| | - A.J. Agopian
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences,
University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philip J. Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of
Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Leray E, Heydarpour P, Torres-Jardón R, Reis J. Air pollution, a rising environmental risk factor for cognition, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration: The clinical impact on children and beyond. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2015; 172:69-80. [PMID: 26718591 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution (indoors and outdoors) is a major issue in public health as epidemiological studies have highlighted its numerous detrimental health consequences (notably, respiratory and cardiovascular pathological conditions). Over the past 15 years, air pollution has also been considered a potent environmental risk factor for neurological diseases and neuropathology. This review examines the impact of air pollution on children's brain development and the clinical, cognitive, brain structural and metabolic consequences. Long-term potential consequences for adults' brains and the effects on multiple sclerosis (MS) are also discussed. One challenge is to assess the effects of lifetime exposures to outdoor and indoor environmental pollutants, including occupational exposures: how much, for how long and what type. Diffuse neuroinflammation, damage to the neurovascular unit, and the production of autoantibodies to neural and tight-junction proteins are worrisome findings in children chronically exposed to concentrations above the current standards for ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and may constitute significant risk factors for the development of Alzheimer's disease later in life. Finally, data supporting the role of air pollution as a risk factor for MS are reviewed, focusing on the effects of PM10 and nitrogen oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Calderón-Garcidueñas
- The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA; Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico City 04850, Mexico
| | - E Leray
- EHESP Sorbonne Paris Cité, Rennes, France
| | - P Heydarpour
- MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Torres-Jardón
- Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Reis
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 1, avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Desrosiers TA, Lawson CC, Meyer RE, Stewart PA, Waters MA, Correa A, Olshan AF. Assessed occupational exposure to chlorinated, aromatic and Stoddard solvents during pregnancy and risk of fetal growth restriction. Occup Environ Med 2015; 72:587-93. [PMID: 26076683 PMCID: PMC4572733 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2015-102835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous experimental and epidemiological research suggests that maternal exposure to some organic solvents during pregnancy may increase the risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR). We evaluated the association between expert-assessed occupational solvent exposure and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) infants in a population-based sample of women in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. METHODS We analysed data from 2886 mothers and their infants born between 1997 and 2002. Job histories were self-reported. Probability of exposure to six chlorinated, three aromatic and one petroleum solvent was assessed by industrial hygienists. SGA was defined as birthweight<10th centile of birthweight-by-gestational age in a national reference. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs to assess the association between SGA and exposure to any solvent(s) or specific solvent classes, adjusting for maternal age and education. RESULTS Approximately 8% of infants were SGA. Exposure prevalence to any solvent was 10% and 8% among mothers of SGA and non-SGA infants, respectively. Among women with ≥ 50% probability of exposure, we observed elevated but imprecise associations between SGA and exposure to any solvent(s) (1.71; 0.86 to 3.40), chlorinated solvents (1.70; 0.69 to 4.01) and aromatic solvents (1.87; 0.78 to 4.50). CONCLUSIONS This is the first population-based study in the USA to investigate the potential association between FGR and assessed maternal occupational exposure to distinct classes of organic solvents during pregnancy. The potential associations observed between SGA and exposure to chlorinated and aromatic solvents are based on small numbers and merit further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania A Desrosiers
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christina C Lawson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert E Meyer
- North Carolina Division of Public Health, Birth Defects Monitoring Program, State Centre for Health Statistics, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Martha A Waters
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|