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Masjedy A, Salesi M, Ahmadi A, Salimian J, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S. Association between single-nucleotide polymorphism of cytokines genes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2023; 171:156352. [PMID: 37703677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Cytokines, which are the main regulators of immune responses, play crucial roles in inflammatory diseases such as COPD. Moreover, certain genetic variations can alter cytokine expression, and changes in cytokine level or function can affect disease susceptibility. Therefore, investigating the association between genetic variations and disease progression can be useful for prevention and treatment. Several studies have explored the association between common genetic variations in cytokine genes and COPD susceptibility. In this study, we summarized the reported studies and, where possible, conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the genetic association between various cytokines and COPD pathogenesis. We extracted relevant articles from PubMed and Google Scholar databases using a standard systematic search strategy. We included a total of 183 studies from 78 separate articles that evaluated 50 polymorphisms in 12 cytokine genes in this study. Our analysis showed that among all reported cytokine polymorphisms (including TNF-α, TGF-β, IL1, IL1RN, IL4, IL4R, IL6, IL10, IL12, IL13, IL17, IL18, IL27, and IL33), only four variants, including TNF-α-rs1800629, TGF-β1-rs6957, IL13-rs1800925, and IL6-rs1800796, were associated with the risk of COPD development. This updated meta-analysis strongly supports the association of TNF-α-rs1800629, TGF-β1-rs6957, IL13-rs1800925, and IL6-rs1800796 variants with a high risk of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Masjedy
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Salesi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lin H, Cheng S, Yang S, Zhang Q, Wang L, Li J, Zhang X, Liang L, Zhou X, Yang F, Song J, Cao X, Yang W, Weng Z. Isoforskolin modulates AQP4-SPP1-PIK3C3 related pathway for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via cAMP signaling. Chin Med 2023; 18:128. [PMID: 37817209 PMCID: PMC10566078 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00778-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels are directly activated by adenylate cyclase (AC) and play an anti-inflammatory role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Previously, we have shown that isoforskolin (ISOF) can effectively activate AC1 and AC2 in vitro, improve pulmonary ventilation and reduce the inflammatory response in COPD model rats, supporting that ISOF may be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of COPD, but the mechanism has not been explored in detail. METHODS The potential pharmacological mechanisms of ISOF against COPD were analyzed by network pharmacology and multi-omics based on pharmacodynamic study. To use specific agonists, inhibitors and/or SiRNA for gene regulation function studies, combined qPCR, WB were applied to detect changes in mRNA and protein expression of important targets PIK3C3, AKT, mTOR, SPP1 and AQP4 which related to ISOF effect on COPD. And the key inflammatory factors detected by ELISA. RESULTS Bioinformatics suggested that the anti-COPD pharmacological mechanism of ISOF was related to PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and suggested target protein like PIK3C3, AQP4, SPP1, AKT, mTOR. Using the AQP4 inhibitor,or inhibiting SPP1 expression by siRNA-SPP1 could block the PIK3C3-AKT-mTOR pathway and ameliorate chronic inflammation. ISOF showed cAMP-promoting effect then suppressed AQP4 expression, together with decreased level of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate ISOF controlled the cAMP-regulated PIK3C3-AKT-mTOR pathway, thereby alleviating inflammatory development in COPD. The cAMP/AQP4/PIK3C3 axis also modulate Th17/Treg differentiation, revealed potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Sha Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou, China
| | - Songye Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lueli Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jiangya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Liju Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Furong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jingfeng Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Xue Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Weimin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Zhiying Weng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168, Chunrong West Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong New Town, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Wang J, Ren C, Jin L, Batu W. Seabuckthorn Wuwei Pulvis attenuates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rat through gut microbiota-short chain fatty acids axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116591. [PMID: 37146846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Seabuckthorn Wuwei Pulvis (SWP) is a traditional Mongolian medicine used in China. It is composed of Hippophae rhamnoides (berries, 30 g), Aucklandiae costus Falc. (dry root, 25 g), Vitis vinifera F. Cordifolia (berries, 20 g), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (dry root, 15 g), and Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (desiccative ripe fruit, 10 g). It is clinically applied in the treatment of chronic cough, shortness of breath and phlegm, and chest distress. Past studies demonstrated that Seabuckthorn Wuwei Pulvis improved lung inflammation and chronic bronchitis in mice. However, the effect of Seabuckthorn Wuwei Pulvis on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rats and the underlying action mechanism is not fully understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-COPD effect of Seabuckthorn Wuwei Pulvis and investigate whether its ameliorative effect is correlated with the composition of gut microbiota and its metabolites. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of Seabuckthorn Wuwei Pulvis on a COPD rat model were established by exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and smoking. These effects were then evaluated by monitoring the animal weight, pulmonary function, lung histological alteration, and the levels of inflammatory factors (tumor necrotic factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-8, IL-6, and IL-17). Furthermore, the serum LPS and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran levels were detected by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescence microplate reader, respectively. Tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin-1) in the small intestine were detected by performing real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions and Western blotting to evaluate the intestinal barrier function. The contents of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces of rats were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 16S rDNA high throughput sequencing was used to investigate the effect of SWP on the gut microbiota of COPD rats. RESULTS Treatment with low and median doses of SWP significantly increased the pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume [FEV] 0.3, forced vital capacity [FVC], and FEV0.3/FVC), decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-17 in the lung, and attenuated the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lung. The low and median doses of SWP shaped the composition of gut microbiota, which increased the abundances of Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, and Aerococcaceae, increased the productions of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, and upregulated the expression of ZO-1 and occludin-1 in the small intestine of COPD rats. CONCLUSION SWP improved pulmonary functions and inhibited the inflammatory response by shaping the gut microbiota, increasing SCFA production, and strengthening the intestinal barrier function in rats with COPD induced by LPS and smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunMei Wang
- Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Chunxiu Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 017099, China
| | - Lingling Jin
- Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Wuliji Batu
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 017099, China.
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Kheradmand F, Zhang Y, Corry DB. Contribution of adaptive immunity to human COPD and experimental models of emphysema. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1059-1093. [PMID: 36201635 PMCID: PMC9886356 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the undisputed role of innate immune cells in this condition have dominated the field in the basic research arena for many years. Recently, however, compelling data suggesting that adaptive immune cells may also contribute to the progressive nature of lung destruction associated with COPD in smokers have gained considerable attention. The histopathological changes in the lungs of smokers can be limited to the large or small airways, but alveolar loss leading to emphysema, which occurs in some individuals, remains its most significant and irreversible outcome. Critically, however, the question of why emphysema progresses in a subset of former smokers remained a mystery for many years. The recognition of activated and organized tertiary T- and B-lymphoid aggregates in emphysematous lungs provided the first clue that adaptive immune cells may play a crucial role in COPD pathophysiology. Based on these findings from human translational studies, experimental animal models of emphysema were used to determine the mechanisms through which smoke exposure initiates and orchestrates adaptive autoreactive inflammation in the lungs. These models have revealed that T helper (Th)1 and Th17 subsets promote a positive feedback loop that activates innate immune cells, confirming their role in emphysema pathogenesis. Results from genetic studies and immune-based discoveries have further provided strong evidence for autoimmunity induction in smokers with emphysema. These new findings offer a novel opportunity to explore the mechanisms underlying the inflammatory landscape in the COPD lung and offer insights for development of precision-based treatment to halt lung destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - David B Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
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Verma S, Verma S, Khan FH, Siddiqi Z, Raza ST, Abbas M, Mahdi F. Genetic polymorphisms of IL6 gene -174G > C and -597G > A are associated with the risk of COVID-19 severity. Int J Immunogenet 2023; 50:5-11. [PMID: 36323530 PMCID: PMC9878250 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is pro-inflammatory disorder characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome. Interleukin-6, a cytokine secreted by macrophages, which mediates an inflammatory response, is frequently increased and associated with the severity in COVID-19 patients. The differential expression of IL6 cytokine in COVID-19 patients may be associated with the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in regulatory region of cytokine genes. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of two promoter polymorphisms of the IL6 gene (-597G > A and -174G > C) with the severity of COVID-19. The study included 242 patients, out of which 97 patients with severe symptoms and 145 patients with mild symptoms of COVID-19. Genotyping of two selected SNPs, rs1800795 (-174G > C) and rs1800797 (-597G > A) of promoter region of IL6 gene, was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In our study, individuals with GC genotypes of IL6 (-174G > C) polymorphism showed significantly higher risk of severity [adjusted odds (OR) 3.86, p <.001] but we did not observe any association of COVID-19 severity with rs1800797 (-597G > A) polymorphism. The COVID-19 severity was significantly higher in individuals having 'C' allele of IL6 (-174G > C) polymorphism (p = .014). Linkage disequilibrium between rs1800795 (-174G > C) and rs1800797 (-597G > A) showed that individuals having AC* haplotype significantly association with COVID-19 severity (p = .034). Our results suggest that 'C' allele of rs1800795 (-174G > C) polymorphism of IL6 may be the risk allele for severity of COVID-19 in North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Verma
- Department of Personalized and Molecular MedicineEra UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Sushma Verma
- Department of Personalized and Molecular MedicineEra UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
| | | | - Zeba Siddiqi
- Department of MedicineEras Lucknow Medical College and HospitalEra UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Syed Tasleem Raza
- Department of BiochemistryEras Lucknow Medical College and HospitalEra UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Mohammad Abbas
- Department of Personalized and Molecular MedicineEra UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia,Department of MicrobiologyEra UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Farzana Mahdi
- Department of Personalized and Molecular MedicineEra UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia
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Cross-talk between IL-6 trans-signaling and AIM2 inflammasome/IL-1β axes bridge innate immunity and epithelial apoptosis to promote emphysema. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201494119. [PMID: 36037355 PMCID: PMC9457334 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201494119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is associated with dysregulated innate immune responses that promote chronic pulmonary inflammation and alveolar apoptosis, culminating in lung destruction. However, the molecular regulators of innate immunity that promote emphysema are ill-defined. Here, we investigated whether innate immune inflammasome complexes, comprising the adaptor ASC, Caspase-1 and specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), promote the pathogenesis of emphysema. In the lungs of emphysematous patients, as well as spontaneous gp130F/F and cigarette smoke (CS)-induced mouse models of emphysema, the expression (messenger RNA and protein) and activation of ASC, Caspase-1, and the inflammasome-associated PRR and DNA sensor AIM2 were up-regulated. AIM2 up-regulation in emphysema coincided with the biased production of the mature downstream inflammasome effector cytokine IL-1β but not IL-18. These observations were supported by the genetic blockade of ASC, AIM2, and the IL-1 receptor and therapy with AIM2 antagonistic suppressor oligonucleotides, which ameliorated emphysema in gp130F/F mice by preventing elevated alveolar cell apoptosis. The functional requirement for AIM2 in driving apoptosis in the lung epithelium was independent of its expression in hematopoietic-derived immune cells and the recruitment of infiltrating immune cells in the lung. Genetic and inhibitor-based blockade of AIM2 also protected CS-exposed mice from pulmonary alveolar cell apoptosis. Intriguingly, IL-6 trans-signaling via the soluble IL-6 receptor, facilitated by elevated levels of IL-6, acted upstream of the AIM2 inflammasome to augment AIM2 expression in emphysema. Collectively, we reveal cross-talk between the AIM2 inflammasome/IL-1β and IL-6 trans-signaling axes for potential exploitation as a therapeutic strategy for emphysema.
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Dey D, Mondal P, Moitra S, Saha GK, Podder S. Association of Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 8 genes polymorphisms with house dust mite-induced nasal-bronchial allergy in a sample of Indian patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Genetic background of nasal-bronchial allergy (NBA) is well documented. House Dust Mites (HDMs) are reported to elicit NBA symptoms. Susceptibility to HDM sensitization varies considerably from person to person. Interleukin 6 (IL 6) and Interleukin 8 (IL 8) are studied previously for genetic association with several diseases. To the best of our knowledge, the genetic association of HDM-induced NBA has not been largely reported from India. The aim of our present study was to evaluate any possible association of IL 6 and IL 8 gene polymorphisms with HDM-induced NBA in an Indian population.
Methods
IL 6 (− 572G/C, − 597G/A) and IL 8 polymorphisms (− 251A/T, + 781C/T) were analyzed in a HDM-sensitized group (N = 372) and a control group (N = 110). Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) based genotyping was done. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact tests were applied for statistical analysis.
Results
IL 6 − 597G/A and IL 8 + 781C/T were not associated with HDM-sensitization, while IL 6 − 72G/C and IL 8 − 51A/T showed significant associations in terms of both genotype and allele frequencies. For both the SNPs, minor allele frequencies were significantly higher in the patients compared to the control. Moreover, IL 6 -572G/C and IL 8 -251A/T were found to be strongly linked with HDM sensitization and severity.
Conclusion
This is probably the pioneer study to describe the association of IL 6 and IL 8 polymorphisms with HDM sensitization in any Indian population. The results suggested that IL 6 -572G/C and IL 8 -251A/T may exert a risk of HDM sensitization leading to NBA.
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Association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in interleukin 6 gene with risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Gene X 2022; 828:146467. [PMID: 35421546 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Experimental studies have implicated the involvement of interleukin 6 (IL6) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), supporting the possible association between genetic alterations in IL6 gene and risk of COPD. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the association of three polymorphisms in IL6 gene with COPD by integrating the summary results of available reports, and summarize the changes circulating IL6 concentrations across genotypes. METHODS Two investigators independently searched medical literature, selected qualified publications, assessed study quality, and abstracted detailed information. STATA software v14.1 was applied for statistical analyses. RESULTS Ten articles, including 18 independent studies and 4 815 participants, were comprehensively pooled. When all studies were analyzed together, the association with COPD was not significant for rs1800795 and rs1800797, yet statistical significance was attained for rs1818879 (P < 0.05) across four genetic modes of inheritance. When analyses were restricted to preset subgroups, race, matched condition, and COPD diagnosis were identified as the factors attributed to heterogeneity between studies. Moreover, changes in circulating IL6 concentrations remained nonsignificant across the genotypes of rs1800795 and rs1818879 (P > 0.05). Funnel plots and related tests revealed a low likelihood of publication bias for three studied polymorphisms (P > 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that IL6 gene rs1818879 might be a COPD-susceptibility locus. Further validations in longitudinal studies are necessary.
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Falahi S, Zamanian MH, Feizollahi P, Rezaiemanesh A, Salari F, Mahmoudi Z, Gorgin Karaji A. Evaluation of the relationship between IL-6 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and the severity of COVID-19 in an Iranian population. Cytokine 2022; 154:155889. [PMID: 35461173 PMCID: PMC9015956 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Emerged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). Disease severity is associated with elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Genetic polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of cytokine genes may be associated with differential cytokine production in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between three potentially functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of IL-6 and the severity of susceptibility to COVID-19 in an Iranian population. Methods In total, 346 individuals (175 patients with severe COVID-19 and 171 patients with mild COVID-19) were recruited for this cohort study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of patients to determine the genotypes of three selected SNPs (rs1800795 (−174 G > C), rs1800796 (−572 G > C), and rs1800797 (−597 G > A)) in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results There were no significant differences in the genotype or allele distribution of selected SNPs (rs1800795 (−174 G > C), rs1800796 (−572 G > C), and rs1800797 (−597 G > A)) in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene in patients with severe COVID-19 and patients with mild COVID-19. Discussion Our study indicated that these SNPs are not associated with COVID-19 severity in the Kurdish population from Kermanshah, Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Falahi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical, Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Zamanian
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa Feizollahi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical, Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical, Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Salari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical, Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical, Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Gorgin Karaji
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical, Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Moll M, Boueiz A, Ghosh AJ, Saferali A, Lee S, Xu Z, Yun JH, Hobbs BD, Hersh CP, Sin DD, Tal-Singer R, Silverman EK, Cho MH, Castaldi PJ. Development of a Blood-based Transcriptional Risk Score for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:161-170. [PMID: 34739356 PMCID: PMC8787248 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202107-1584oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The ability of peripheral blood biomarkers to assess chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk and progression is unknown. Genetics and gene expression may capture important aspects of COPD-related biology that predict disease activity. Objectives: Develop a transcriptional risk score (TRS) for COPD and assess the contribution of the TRS and a polygenic risk score (PRS) for disease susceptibility and progression. Methods: We randomly split 2,569 COPDGene (Genetic Epidemiology of COPD) participants with whole-blood RNA sequencing into training (n = 1,945) and testing (n = 624) samples and used 468 ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points) COPD cases with microarray data for replication. We developed a TRS using penalized regression (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) to model FEV1/FVC and studied the predictive value of TRS for COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2-4), prospective FEV1 change (ml/yr), and additional COPD-related traits. We adjusted for potential confounders, including age and smoking. We evaluated the predictive performance of the TRS in the context of a previously derived PRS and clinical factors. Measurements and Main Results: The TRS included 147 transcripts and was associated with COPD (odds ratio, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4-4.5; P < 0.001), FEV1 change (β, -17 ml/yr; 95% CI, -28 to -6.6; P = 0.002), and other COPD-related traits. In ECLIPSE cases, we replicated the association with FEV1 change (β, -8.2; 95% CI, -15 to -1; P = 0.025) and the majority of other COPD-related traits. Models including PRS, TRS, and clinical factors were more predictive of COPD (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve, 0.84) and annualized FEV1 change compared with models with one risk score or clinical factors alone. Conclusions: Blood transcriptomics can improve prediction of COPD and lung function decline when added to a PRS and clinical risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Moll
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Adel Boueiz
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Auyon J. Ghosh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | | | - Sool Lee
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Jeong H. Yun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Craig P. Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Don D. Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | | | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Peter J. Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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11
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Dawson RE, Jenkins BJ, Saad MI. IL-6 family cytokines in respiratory health and disease. Cytokine 2021; 143:155520. [PMID: 33875334 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung fibrosis represent a major burden on healthcare systems with limited effective therapeutic options. Developing effective treatments for these debilitating diseases requires an understanding of how alterations at the molecular level affect lung macroscopic architecture. A common theme among these lung disorders is the presence of an underlying dysregulated immune system which can lead to sustained chronic inflammation. In this respect, several inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, thus leading to the notion that cytokines are attractive therapeutic targets for these disorders. In this review, we discuss and highlight the recent breakthroughs that have enhanced our understanding of the role of the interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines in lung homeostasis and chronic diseases including asthma, COPD, lung fibrosis and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby E Dawson
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohamed I Saad
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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12
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Mostafa TM, El-Azab GA, Atia GA, Lotfy NS. The Effectiveness of 3 Combined Therapeutic Regimens in Egyptian Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Double-Blind Prospective Pilot Study. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2021; 94:100625. [PMID: 34306265 PMCID: PMC8296082 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2021.100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are differences of opinion about both the most effective combined therapeutic strategy and the clinical benefit of inhaled corticosteroids in nonasthmatic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Furthermore, many inflammatory cytokines are reportedly correlated with severity of the disease. OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of long acting β-agonist + long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LABA + LAMA) versus LABA + inhaled corticosteroid and LAMA + inhaled corticosteroid in nonasthmatic patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To assess the changes that occurred in plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α, fibrinogen, and interleukin 6, and correlate these with disease activity. METHODS In this pilot study, 45 nonasthmatic patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were randomized into 3 groups with 15 patients in each group. Group I (LABA + inhaled corticosteroid) received formoterol/budesonide, group II (LAMA + inhaled corticosteroid) received tiotropium/budesonide and group III (LABA + LAMA) received formoterol/tiotropium for 12 weeks. Patients were assessed initially and then at 4 and 12 weeks by measuring the changes that occurred in forced expiratory volume in 1 second as a percent of predicted and in the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale. Plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α, fibrinogen, and interleukin 6 were simultaneously measured. RESULTS The 3 study groups were statistically similar with respect to their demographic data and disease characteristics. All therapeutic options produced an improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 second as a percent of predicted and in the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale as well as a reduction in plasma concentrations of the inflammatory markers. The effects produced by the three therapeutic combinations on forced expiratory volume in 1 second as a percent of predicted, plasma tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and fibrinogen concentrations were statistically similar after 4 and 12 weeks (4 weeks after treatment: P = 0.358, P = 0.284, P = 0.155, and P = 0.155, respectively, and 12 weeks after treatment: P = 0.710, P = 0.773, P = 0.240, and P = 0.076, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In nonasthmatic patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the 3 therapeutic combinations showed similar effectiveness. The results of this pilot study also suggest that inflammatory markers can be used to track disease activity. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04520230. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2021; 82:XXX-XXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. Mostafa
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. El-Azab
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ghada A. Atia
- Chest Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Noran S. Lotfy
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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13
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Grzywa-Celińska A, Krusiński A, Mazur J, Szewczyk K, Kozak K. Radon-The Element of Risk. The Impact of Radon Exposure on Human Health. TOXICS 2020; 8:E120. [PMID: 33327615 PMCID: PMC7765099 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases with multifactorial aetiology. Smoking has been undeniably recognized as the main aetiological factor in lung cancer, but it should be emphasized that it is not the only factor. It is worth noting that a number of nonsmokers also develop this disease. Radon exposure is the second greatest risk factor for lung cancer among smokers-after smoking-and the first one for nonsmokers. The knowledge about this element amongst specialist oncologists and pulmonologists seems to be very superficial. We discuss the impact of radon on human health, with particular emphasis on respiratory diseases, including lung cancer. A better understanding of the problem will increase the chance of reducing the impact of radon exposure on public health and may contribute to more effective prevention of a number of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grzywa-Celińska
- Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Adam Krusiński
- Chair and Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jadwiga Mazur
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (J.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Szewczyk
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kozak
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (J.M.); (K.K.)
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14
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Yousuf A, Ibrahim W, Greening NJ, Brightling CE. T2 Biologics for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 7:1405-1416. [PMID: 31076058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In contrast to other chronic diseases, COPD is increasing in prevalence and is projected to be the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide by 2030. Recent advances in understanding the underlying pathophysiology of COPD has led to the development of novel targeted therapies (biologics and small molecules) that address the underlying pathophysiology of the disease. In severe asthma, biologics targeting type 2 (T2)- mediated immunity have been successful and have changed the treatment paradigm. In contrast, no biologics are currently licensed for the treatment of COPD. Those targeting non-T2 pathways have not demonstrated efficacy and in some cases raised concerns related to safety. With the increasing recognition of the eosinophil and perhaps T2-immunity possibly playing a role in a subgroup of patients with COPD, T2 biologics, specifically anti-IL-5(R), have been tested and demonstrated modest reductions in exacerbation frequency. Potential benefit was related to the baseline blood eosinophil count. These benefits were small compared with asthma. Thus, whether a subgroup of COPD sufferers might respond to anti-IL-5 or other T2-directed biologics remains to be fully addressed and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Yousuf
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Wadah Ibrahim
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Neil J Greening
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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15
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Kirtipal N, Bharadwaj S. Interleukin 6 polymorphisms as an indicator of COVID-19 severity in humans. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4563-4565. [PMID: 32490733 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1776640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Kirtipal
- Department of Science, Modern Institute of Technology, Dhalwala, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shiv Bharadwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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16
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Suzuki S, Ishii M, Asakura T, Namkoong H, Okamori S, Yagi K, Kamata H, Kusumoto T, Kagawa S, Hegab AE, Yoda M, Horiuchi K, Hasegawa N, Betsuyaku T. ADAM17 protects against elastase-induced emphysema by suppressing CD62L + leukocyte infiltration in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L1172-L1182. [PMID: 32130031 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00214.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is a major manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is associated with chronic pulmonary inflammation caused by cigarette smoking, with contributions from immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Although matrix metalloproteinases are well known to contribute to emphysema progression, the role of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family proteins, other major metalloproteinases, in disease pathogenesis is largely unknown. ADAM17 is a major sheddase that cleaves various cell surface proteins, including CD62L, an adhesion molecule that plays a critical role in promoting the migration of immune cells to the site of inflammation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of ADAM17 and CD62L in the development of elastase-induced emphysema. Control and Adam17flox/flox/Mx1-Cre (Adam17ΔMx1) mice (8-10 wk old) were intratracheally injected with 5 units of porcine pancreas elastase and monitored for 35 days after injection. Lung alveolar destruction was evaluated by analyzing the mean linear intercepts of lung tissue specimens and by histopathological examination. Mean linear intercepts data indicated that the degree of elastase-induced emphysema was significantly more severe in Adam17ΔMx1 mice. Furthermore, flow cytometry showed that CD62L+ neutrophil, CD62L+ macrophage, and CD62L+ B lymphocyte numbers were significantly increased in Adam17ΔMx1 mice. Moreover, the pharmacological depletion of CD62L+ cells with a CD62L-neutralizing antibody ameliorated the extent of emphysema in Adam17ΔMx1 mice. Collectively, these results suggest that ADAM17 possibly suppresses the progression of emphysema by proteolytically processing CD62L in immune cells and that ADAM17 and CD62L could be novel therapeutic targets for treating pulmonary emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society of Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society of Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ho Namkoong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okamori
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society of Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yagi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kamata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kusumoto
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuko Kagawa
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ahmed E Hegab
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Yoda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horiuchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoki Hasegawa
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Betsuyaku
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Kaur S, Bansal Y, Kumar R, Bansal G. A panoramic review of IL-6: Structure, pathophysiological roles and inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115327. [PMID: 31992476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine. Its deregulation is associated with chronic inflammation, and multifactorial auto-immune disorders. It mediates its biological roles through a hexameric complex composed of IL-6 itself, its receptor IL-6R, and glycoprotein 130 (IL-6/IL-6R/gp130). This complex, in turn, activates different signaling mechanisms (classical and trans-signaling) to execute various biochemical functions. The trans-signaling mechanism activates various pathological routes, like JAK/STAT3, Ras/MAPK, PI3K-PKB/Akt, and regulation of CD4+ T cells and VEGF levels, which cause cancer, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, anemia, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Involvement of IL-6 in pathophysiology of these complex diseases makes it an important target for the treatment of these diseases. Though some anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies are being used clinically, but their high cost, only parenteral administration, and possibility of immunogenicity have limited their use, and warranted the development of novel small non-peptide molecules as IL-6 inhibitors. In the present report, all molecules reported in literature as IL-6 inhibitors have been classified as IL-6 production, IL-6R, and IL-6 signaling inhibitors. Reports available till date are critically studied to identify important and salient structural features common in these molecules. These analyses would assist medicinal chemists to design novel and potent IL-6 production and signaling inhibitors, through knowledge- and/or computer-based approaches, for the treatment of complex multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhvir Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
| | - Yogita Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India.
| | - Raj Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - Gulshan Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India
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18
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Chiș AF, Cătană A, Sorițău O, Chiș BA, Cutaș A, Pop CM. Interleukin-6 serum level and -597 A/G gene polymorphism in moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. EUR J INFLAMM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739220966469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a major pathogenic pathway in pulmonary chronic obstructive disease (COPD). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) mediates the local and systemic immune response. The aim consisted in investigating the relationship between IL-6 serum levels and IL-6 -597A/G gene polymorphism (rs1800797) with COPD. Serum levels of IL-6 were determined using an enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay, in 120 participants (60 COPD patients and 60 healthy subjects), from Transylvanian region. The IL-6 -597A/G gene polymorphism was investigated by high molecular weight genomic DNA extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes, and subsequently analyzed by the Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Smoking history, the severity of the disease, expressed by the GOLD stages, and arterial blood partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) levels were also investigated. COPD patients had significantly elevated blood levels of IL-6 when compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). The frequencies of AA, AG, and GG genotypes were 61.6%, 26.6%, and 11.6% in the COPD cases and 70%, 23.3%, and 6.7% in healthy subjects, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in IL-6 rs1800797 genotypes and allele frequencies between cases and controls ( χ2 = 0.54, OR = 1.29 and χ2 = 0.21, OR = 1.48, respectively). Higher serum levels of IL-6 were found in the GG genotype subgroup in COPD patients. IL 6 levels are higher in COPD patients, where positively correlate with pack-year index, but not with clinical features. Although COPD patients did not have statistically different rs1800797 allele distribution compared to healthy subjects, the GG genotype is associated with higher IL6 serum levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Florica Chiș
- Department of Pneumology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- “Leon Daniello” Clinical Hospital of Pneumology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Cătană
- Department of Molecular Sciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Sorițău
- “Ion Chiricuţă” Oncological Institute Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Augustin Chiș
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuța Cutaș
- Department of Medical Informatics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Monica Pop
- Department of Pneumology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- “Leon Daniello” Clinical Hospital of Pneumology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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19
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Prange R, Thiedmann M, Bhandari A, Mishra N, Sinha A, Häsler R, Rosenstiel P, Uliczka K, Wagner C, Yildirim AÖ, Fink C, Roeder T. A Drosophila model of cigarette smoke induced COPD identifies Nrf2 signaling as an expedient target for intervention. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:2122-2135. [PMID: 30153653 PMCID: PMC6128429 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is among the most important causes of death. Signaling systems that are relevant for tissue repair and detoxification of reactive oxygen species or xenobiotics are thought to be impaired in lungs of patients suffering from this disease. Here, we developed a simple cigarette smoke induced Drosophila model of COPD based on chronic cigarette smoke exposure that recapitulates major pathological hallmarks of the disease and thus can be used to investigate new therapeutic strategies. Chronic cigarette smoke exposure led to premature death of the animals and induced a set of phenotypes reminiscent of those seen in COPD patients, including reduced physical activity, reduced body fat, increased metabolic rate and a substantial reduction of the respiratory surface. A detailed transcriptomic analysis revealed that especially the TGF-β, Nrf2 and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways are altered by chronic cigarette smoke exposure. Based on these results, we focused on Nrf2 signaling. A pharmacological intervention study performed with oltipraz, an activator of Nrf2 signaling, increased survival of cigarette smoke exposed animals significantly. Thus, the Drosophila COPD model recapitulates many major hallmarks of COPD and it is highly useful to evaluate the potential of alternative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Prange
- Kiel University, Zoology, Department of Molecular Physiology, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Thiedmann
- Kiel University, Zoology, Department of Molecular Physiology, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anita Bhandari
- Kiel University, Zoology, Department of Molecular Physiology, Kiel, Germany.,University zu Lübeck, Institute for Cardiogenetics, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Karin Uliczka
- Research Center Borstel, Invertebrate Models, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,CPC-M, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Fink
- Kiel University, Zoology, Department of Molecular Physiology, Kiel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Kiel University, Zoology, Department of Molecular Physiology, Kiel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
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20
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Liu F, Yuan L, Ding M, Chen L, Yuan J, Yang K, Qian J, Lu W. Non-inflammatory emphysema induced by NO2 chronic exposure and intervention with demethylation 5-Azacytidine. Life Sci 2019; 221:121-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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21
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Ahmadi A, Ghaedi H, Salimian J, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S, Ghanei M. Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interleukins gene variants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2019; 117:65-71. [PMID: 30826601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Interleukins are cytokines involved in systemic inflammation and immune system regulation. Many studies have investigated the association between common genetic variations in interleukin-coding genes and COPD susceptibility. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between interleukin gene variations and COPD pathogenesis. Association studies were retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the standard systematic search strategy. A total of 26 different studies evaluating eight polymorphisms in four interleukin genes were included in this study. In overall comparisons, IL1β-rs16944, -rs1143627, -rs1143634, IL13-rs20541 polymorphisms were found not to be associated with the increased risk for developing COPD. However, IL1RN-rs2234663 and IL13-rs1800925 showed a strong association with COPD. We showed that the CC genotype carriers of the IL6-rs1800795 are at significantly higher risk of developing COPD (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.64, P = 0.01) compared to GG carriers. In case of IL6-rs1800796, individuals with CC and CG genotypes showed a lower risk to develop COPD (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.32-0.66, P > 0.00). This updated meta-analysis strongly supports the association of IL1RN-rs2234663, IL6-rs1800795, -rs1800795 and IL13-rs1800925 variants with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Salimian
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Ambrocio-Ortiz E, Pérez-Rubio G, Abarca-Rojano E, Montaño M, Ramos C, Hernández-Zenteno RD, Del Angel-Pablo AD, Reséndiz-Hernández JM, Ramírez-Venegas A, Falfán-Valencia R. Influence of proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms on the risk of COPD and the levels of plasma protein. Cytokine 2018; 111:364-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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23
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Protective effect of water extract of guibi-tang against pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide. Lab Anim Res 2018; 34:92-100. [PMID: 30310405 PMCID: PMC6170225 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2018.34.3.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Water extract of guibi-tang (GB), a traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean herbal medicine, is used to treat memory impairment, insomnia, and peptic ulcers. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of GB on pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke (CS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C57BL/6 mice were used to develop a pulmonary inflammation model by exposing them to CS for 1 h per day for 7 days. LPS was intranasally administered to mice under mild anesthesia on day 5. GB was administered 1 h before CS exposure at doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg for 7 days. Our results showed that GB suppressed the CS and LPS induced elevation in inflammatory cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), with significant reductions in protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels. Histological studies revealed that GB decreased the inflammatory cell infiltration into lung tissue caused by CS- and LPS-exposure. GB also significantly decreased the CS and LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the lung tissue. Taken together, GB effectively attenuated airway inflammation caused by CS and LPS. These results indicate that GB is a potential therapeutic herbal formula for pulmonary inflammatory disease.
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Ravimohan S, Kornfeld H, Weissman D, Bisson GP. Tuberculosis and lung damage: from epidemiology to pathophysiology. Eur Respir Rev 2018; 27:27/147/170077. [PMID: 29491034 PMCID: PMC6019552 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0077-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A past history of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a risk factor for long-term respiratory impairment. Post-TB lung dysfunction often goes unrecognised, despite its relatively high prevalence and its association with reduced quality of life. Importantly, specific host and pathogen factors causing lung impairment remain unclear. Host immune responses probably play a dominant role in lung damage, as excessive inflammation and elevated expression of lung matrix-degrading proteases are common during TB. Variability in host genes that modulate these immune responses may determine the severity of lung impairment, but this hypothesis remains largely untested. In this review, we provide an overview of the epidemiological literature on post-TB lung impairment and link it to data on the pathogenesis of lung injury from the perspective of dysregulated immune responses and immunogenetics. Host factors driving lung injury in TB likely contribute to variable patterns of pulmonary impairment after TBhttp://ow.ly/a3of30hBsxB
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Ravimohan
- Dept of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hardy Kornfeld
- Dept of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Dept of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gregory P Bisson
- Dept of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Dept of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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25
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Cloonan SM, Mumby S, Adcock IM, Choi AMK, Chung KF, Quinlan GJ. The "Iron"-y of Iron Overload and Iron Deficiency in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:1103-1112. [PMID: 28410559 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201702-0311pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Cloonan
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Augustine M K Choi
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,3 New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | | | - Gregory J Quinlan
- 4 Vascular Biology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
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26
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Lajunen TK, Jaakkola JJK, Jaakkola MS. IL6 polymorphisms modify the effects of smoking on the risk of adult asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:799-802.e9. [PMID: 28987812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taina K Lajunen
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Maritta S Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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27
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Ruwanpura SM, McLeod L, Dousha LF, Seow HJ, Alhayyani S, Tate MD, Deswaerte V, Brooks GD, Bozinovski S, MacDonald M, Garbers C, King PT, Bardin PG, Vlahos R, Rose-John S, Anderson GP, Jenkins BJ. Therapeutic Targeting of the IL-6 Trans-Signaling/Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Axis in Pulmonary Emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 194:1494-1505. [PMID: 27373892 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201512-2368oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The potent immunomodulatory cytokine IL-6 is consistently up-regulated in human lungs with emphysema and in mouse emphysema models; however, the mechanisms by which IL-6 promotes emphysema remain obscure. IL-6 signals using two distinct modes: classical signaling via its membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), and trans-signaling via a naturally occurring soluble IL-6R. OBJECTIVES To identify whether IL-6 trans-signaling and/or classical signaling contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema. METHODS We used the gp130F/F genetic mouse model for spontaneous emphysema and cigarette smoke-induced emphysema models. Emphysema in mice was quantified by various methods including in vivo lung function and stereology, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay was used to assess alveolar cell apoptosis. In mouse and human lung tissues, the expression level and location of IL-6 signaling-related genes and proteins were measured, and the levels of IL-6 and related proteins in sera from emphysematous mice and patients were also assessed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Lung tissues from patients with emphysema, and from spontaneous and cigarette smoke-induced emphysema mouse models, were characterized by excessive production of soluble IL-6R. Genetic blockade of IL-6 trans-signaling in emphysema mouse models and therapy with the IL-6 trans-signaling antagonist sgp130Fc ameliorated emphysema by suppressing augmented alveolar type II cell apoptosis. Furthermore, IL-6 trans-signaling-driven emphysematous changes in the lung correlated with mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 hyperactivation, and treatment of emphysema mouse models with the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 inhibitor rapamycin attenuated emphysematous changes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data reveal that specific targeting of IL-6 trans-signaling may represent a novel treatment strategy for emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleela M Ruwanpura
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,2 Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise McLeod
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,2 Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lovisa F Dousha
- 3 Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huei J Seow
- 3 Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sultan Alhayyani
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,2 Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle D Tate
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,2 Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Virginie Deswaerte
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,2 Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gavin D Brooks
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,2 Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- 3 Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,4 School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin MacDonald
- 5 Monash Lung and Sleep, Monash Medical Centre, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Christoph Garbers
- 6 Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul T King
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,5 Monash Lung and Sleep, Monash Medical Centre, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Philip G Bardin
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,5 Monash Lung and Sleep, Monash Medical Centre, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Ross Vlahos
- 3 Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,4 School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- 6 Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gary P Anderson
- 3 Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- 1 Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,2 Department of Molecular Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Mishra R, Foster D, Vasu VT, Thaikoottathil JV, Kosmider B, Chu HW, Bowler RP, Finigan JH. Cigarette Smoke Induces Human Epidermal Receptor 2-Dependent Changes in Epithelial Permeability. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:853-64. [PMID: 26600084 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0437oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium constitutes a protective barrier against inhaled insults, such as viruses, bacteria, and toxic fumes, including cigarette smoke (CS). Maintenance of bronchial epithelial integrity is central for airway health, and defective epithelial barrier function contributes to the pathogenesis of CS-mediated diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although CS has been shown to increase epithelial permeability, current understanding of the mechanisms involved in CS-induced epithelial barrier disruption remains incomplete. We have previously identified that the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal receptor (HER) 2 growth factor is activated by the ligand neuregulin-1 and increases epithelial permeability in models of inflammatory acute lung injury. We hypothesized that CS activates HER2 and that CS-mediated changes in barrier function would be HER2 dependent in airway epithelial cells. We determined that HER2 was activated in whole lung, as well as isolated epithelial cells, from smokers, and that acute CS exposure resulted in HER2 activation in cultured bronchial epithelial cells. Mechanistic studies determined that CS-mediated HER2 activation is independent of neuregulin-1 but required upstream activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. HER2 was required for CS-induced epithelial permeability as knockdown of HER2 blocked increases in permeability after CS. CS caused an increase in IL-6 production by epithelial cells that was dependent on HER2-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk) activation. Finally, blockade of IL-6 attenuated CS-induced epithelial permeability. Our data indicate that CS activates pulmonary epithelial HER2 and that HER2 is a central mediator of CS-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangnath Mishra
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Daniel Foster
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Vihas T Vasu
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - Beata Kosmider
- 2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- 2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Russell P Bowler
- 2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - James H Finigan
- 1 Division Oncology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,2 Division Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
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Singh DP, Bagam P, Sahoo MK, Batra S. Immune-related gene polymorphisms in pulmonary diseases. Toxicology 2017; 383:24-39. [PMID: 28366820 PMCID: PMC5464945 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Between the DNA sequences of two randomly-selected human genomes, which consist of over 3 billion base pairs and twenty five thousand genes, there exists only 0.1% variation and 99.9% sequence identity. During the last couple of decades, extensive genome-wide studies have investigated the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the most common DNA variations, and susceptibility to various diseases. Because the immune system's primary function is to defend against myriad infectious agents and diseases, the large number of people who escape serious infectious diseases underscores the tremendous success of this system at this task. In fact, out of the third of the global human population infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis during their lifetime, only a few people develop active disease, and a heavy chain smoker may inexplicably escape all symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and other smoke-associated lung diseases. This may be attributable to the genetic makeup of the individual(s), including their SNPs, which provide some resistance to the disease. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), transcription factors, cytokines and chemokines all play critical roles in orchestrating immune responses and their expression/activation is directly linked to human disease tolerance. Moreover, genetic variations present in the immune-response genes of various ethnicities may explain the huge differences in individual outcomes to various diseases and following exposure to infectious agents. The current review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of pulmonary diseases and the relationship of genetic variations in immune response genes to these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra P Singh
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immuno-Toxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Health Research Center, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, United States
| | - Prathyusha Bagam
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immuno-Toxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Health Research Center, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, United States
| | - Malaya K Sahoo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94304, United States
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immuno-Toxicology, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Health Research Center, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, United States.
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Farahi N, Paige E, Balla J, Prudence E, Ferreira RC, Southwood M, Appleby SL, Bakke P, Gulsvik A, Litonjua AA, Sparrow D, Silverman EK, Cho MH, Danesh J, Paul DS, Freitag DF, Chilvers ER. Neutrophil-mediated IL-6 receptor trans-signaling and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1584-1596. [PMID: 28334838 PMCID: PMC5393150 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Asp358Ala variant in the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) gene has been implicated in asthma, autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders, but its role in other respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been investigated. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether there is an association between Asp358Ala and COPD or asthma risk, and to explore the role of the Asp358Ala variant in sIL-6R shedding from neutrophils and its pro-inflammatory effects in the lung. We undertook logistic regression using data from the UK Biobank and the ECLIPSE COPD cohort. Results were meta-analyzed with summary data from a further three COPD cohorts (7,519 total cases and 35,653 total controls), showing no association between Asp358Ala and COPD (OR = 1.02 [95% CI: 0.96, 1.07]). Data from the UK Biobank showed a positive association between the Asp358Ala variant and atopic asthma (OR = 1.07 [1.01, 1.13]). In a series of in vitro studies using blood samples from 37 participants, we found that shedding of sIL-6R from neutrophils was greater in carriers of the Asp358Ala minor allele than in non-carriers. Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells cultured with serum from homozygous carriers showed an increase in MCP-1 release in carriers of the minor allele, with the difference eliminated upon addition of tocilizumab. In conclusion, there is evidence that neutrophils may be an important source of sIL-6R in the lungs, and the Asp358Ala variant may have pro-inflammatory effects in lung cells. However, we were unable to identify evidence for an association between Asp358Ala and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Farahi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ellie Paige
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge CB1 8RN, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jozef Balla
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emily Prudence
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ricardo C. Ferreira
- JDRF/Wellcome Trust Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Mark Southwood
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sarah L. Appleby
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Per Bakke
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Amund Gulsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Augusto A. Litonjua
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - David Sparrow
- VA Boston Healthcare System and School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston 02132, MA, USA
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - John Danesh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge CB1 8RN, Cambridge, UK,British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Cambridge, UK,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Dirk S. Paul
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge CB1 8RN, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel F. Freitag
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge CB1 8RN, Cambridge, UK,To whom correspondence should be addressed at:
| | - Edwin R. Chilvers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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Ishii T, Hosoki K, Nikura Y, Yamashita N, Nagase T, Yamashita N. IFN Regulatory Factor 3 Potentiates Emphysematous Aggravation by Lipopolysaccharide. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:3637-3649. [PMID: 28363903 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often induced by infection and often has a poor prognosis. Bacterial LPS activates innate immune receptor TLR4 followed by activation of a transcriptional factor IFN regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) as well as NF-κB, resulting in upregulation of various inflammatory mediators. To clarify the role of IRF3 in the pathogenesis of LPS-triggered COPD exacerbation, porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) followed by LPS was administered intranasally to wild-type (WT) or IRF3-/- male mice. Sequential quantitative changes in emphysema were evaluated by microcomputed tomography, and lung histology was evaluated at the sixth week. WT mice treated with PPE and LPS exhibited enlarged alveolar spaces, whereas this feature was attenuated in similarly treated IRF3-/- mice. Moreover, LPS-induced emphysema aggravation was detected only in WT mice. Analysis of acute inflammation induced by PPE plus LPS revealed that the lungs of treated IRF3-/- mice had decreased mRNA transcripts for MCP-1, MIP-1α, TNF-α, and IFN-γ-inducible protein-10 but had increased neutrophils. IRF3 was involved in the production of mediators from macrophages, alveolar epithelial cells, and neutrophils. Furthermore, compared with isolated WT neutrophils from inflamed lung, those of IRF3-/- neutrophils exhibited impaired autophagic activation, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. These results suggest that IRF3 accelerated emphysema formation based on distinct profiles of mediators involved in LPS-induced COPD exacerbation. Regulation of the IRF3 pathway can affect multiple cell types and contribute to ameliorate pathogenesis of infection-triggered exacerbation of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ishii
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; and
| | - Keisuke Hosoki
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; and
| | - Yuichi Nikura
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Naohide Yamashita
- Department of Advanced Medical Science, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; and
| | - Naomi Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan;
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Association of Gene Polymorphisms in Interleukin 6 in Infantile Bronchial Asthma. Arch Bronconeumol 2017; 53:381-386. [PMID: 28185773 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genetic background of bronchial asthma is complex, and it is likely that multiple genes contribute to its development both directly and through gene-gene interactions. Cytokines contribute to different aspects of asthma, as they determine the type, severity and outcomes of asthma pathogenesis. Allergic asthmatics undergoing an asthmatic attack exhibit significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukins and chemokines. In recent years, cytokines and their receptors have been shown to be highly polymorphic, and this prompted us to investigate interleukin 6 promoter polymorphisms at position -174G/C (rs1800795) and at -572G/C (rs1800796) in relation to asthma in children. METHODS Interleukin 6 promoter polymorphisms were analyzed in bronchial asthma patients and healthy children using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS We observed a significant association between polymorphism at -174G/C and bronchial asthma (OR=3.4, 95% CI: 2.045-5.638, P<.001). Higher associations between polymorphism at IL-6 -174G/C and bronchial asthma were observed in atopic patients (OR=4.1, 95% CI: 2.308-7.280, P<8.10-7). CONCLUSIONS Interleukin 6 polymorphism is associated with bronchial asthma, particularly its atopic phenotype. Expression and secretion of interleukins in asthmatic patients may be affected by genetic polymorphisms, and could have a disease-modifying effect in the asthmatic airway and modify the therapeutic response.
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Dou L, Yu B, Han K, Xiao M, Liu Y, Lv F. Association of IL-6 polymorphisms with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk: meta-analysis of genetic association, gene expression and expression quantitative trait locus analysis. Per Med 2016; 13:395-403. [PMID: 29749812 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim: IL-6 might play an important role in the mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed the relationship of rs1800796 and rs1800797 of IL-6 with COPD. Materials & methods: We conducted meta-analysis and gene expression analysis using published datasets to examine the associations between IL-6 SNPs and COPD. Results: rs1800796 was significantly associated with COPD, yielding a pooled odds ratio of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33–0.84; p = 0.007), and showed cis-expression quantitative trait locus associations (p = 0.02148). Differential gene expression analysis found that IL-6 was upregulated in COPD cases compared with controls. The associations of rs1800797 with COPD were not significant. Conclusion: The findings showed that rs1800796 was associated with COPD in Europeans and might affect COPD risk through disturbing IL-6 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Dou
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Baiquan Yu
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Kaiyu Han
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Mochao Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Fuzhen Lv
- Department of Respiration, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
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34
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Chu S, Zhong X, Zhang J, Lai X, Xie J, Li Y. Four SNPs and Systemic Level of FOXP3 in Smokers and Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD 2016; 13:760-766. [DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2016.1192112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Chu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Lai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiajun Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Bose P, Bathri R, Kumar L, Vijayan VK, Maudar KK. Role of oxidative stress & transient receptor potential in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Indian J Med Res 2016; 142:245-60. [PMID: 26458340 PMCID: PMC4669859 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.166529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affect millions of people worldwide and is known to be one of the leading causes of death. The highly sensitive airways protect themselves from irritants by cough and sneeze which propel endogenous and exogenous substances to minimize airway noxious effects. One noxious effect of these substances is activation of peripheral sensory nerve endings of nociceptor neurons innervating these airways lining thus transmitting dangerous signals from the environment to the central nervous system (CNS). Nociceptor neurons include transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels, especially the vanilloid and ankyrin subfamilies, TRPV1/A1 which can be activated by noxious chemical challenges in models of airways disease. As oxidative stress may activate airways sensory neurons and contribute to COPD exacerbations we sought to review the role that TRP channel activation by oxidative signals may have on airway responses. It would be prudent to target the TRP channels with antagonists and lower systemic oxidative stress with agents that can modulate TRP expression and boost the endogenous levels of antioxidants for treatment and management of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Protiti Bose
- Department of Research, Bhopal Memorial Hospital & Research Centre (ICMR), Bhopal, India
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Leng S, Thomas CL, Snider AM, Picchi MA, Chen W, Willis DG, Carr TG, Krzeminski J, Desai D, Shantu A, Lin Y, Jacobson MR, Belinsky SA. Radon Exposure, IL-6 Promoter Variants, and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Former Uranium Miners. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:445-451. [PMID: 26372664 PMCID: PMC4829998 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High radon exposure is a risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma, a major lung cancer histology observed in former uranium miners. Radon exposure can cause oxidative stress, leading to pulmonary inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-carcinogenic inflammatory cytokine that plays a pivotal role in lung cancer development. OBJECTIVES We assessed whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL6 promoter are associated with lung cancer in former uranium miners with high occupational exposure to radon gas. METHODS Genetic associations were assessed in a case-control study of former uranium miners (242 cases and 336 controls). A replication study was performed using data from the Gene Environment Association Studies (GENEVA) Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) of Lung Cancer and Smoking. Functional relevance of the SNPs was characterized using in vitro approaches. RESULTS We found that rs1800797 was associated with squamous cell carcinoma in miners and with a shorter time between the midpoint of the period of substantial exposure and diagnosis among the cases. Furthermore, rs1800797 was also associated with lung cancer among never smokers in the GENEVA dataset. Functional studies identified that the risk allele was associated with increased basal IL-6 mRNA level and greater promoter activity. Furthermore, fibroblasts with the risk allele showed greater induction of IL-6 secretion by hydrogen peroxide or benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide treatments. CONCLUSIONS An IL6 promoter variant was associated with lung cancer in uranium miners and never smokers in two external study populations. The associations are strongly supported by the functional relevance that the IL6 promoter SNP affects basal expression and carcinogen-induced IL-6 secretion. CITATION Leng S, Thomas CL, Snider AM, Picchi MA, Chen W, Willis DG, Carr TG, Krzeminski J, Desai D, Shantu A, Lin Y, Jacobson MR, Belinsky SA. 2016. Radon exposure, IL-6 promoter variants, and lung squamous cell carcinoma in former uranium miners. Environ Health Perspect 124:445-451; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409437.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Leng
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Cynthia L. Thomas
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Amanda M. Snider
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Maria A. Picchi
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Wenshu Chen
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Derall G. Willis
- Saccomanno Research Institute, St. Mary’s Medical Center, Grand Junction, Colorado, USA
| | - Teara G. Carr
- Saccomanno Research Institute, St. Mary’s Medical Center, Grand Junction, Colorado, USA
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amin Shantu
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yong Lin
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Marty R. Jacobson
- Saccomanno Research Institute, St. Mary’s Medical Center, Grand Junction, Colorado, USA
| | - Steven A. Belinsky
- Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Bhat IA, Qasim I, Masoodi KZ, Paul SA, Bhat BA, Rasool R, Aziz SA, Shah ZA. Significant impact of IL-6 -174G/C but inverse relation with -634 C/G polymorphism in patients with non-small cell lung cancer in Kashmiri population. Immunol Invest 2016; 44:349-60. [PMID: 25942346 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2015.1004336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To study the possible role of proinflammatory interleukin 6 -174 G>C (rs 1800795) and -634 C>G (rs 1800796) polymorphism in the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 190 NSCLC patients and 200 healthy controls were evaluated for polymorphic analysis of -174 G/C and -634 C/G by PCR-RFLP followed by DNA sequencing. A significant association was observed in the genotypic and allelic distribution of IL-6 -174 G/C in the NSCLC group as compared to control group [OR = 2.7 (1.77-4.11), p < 0.0001]. Smokers with the -174C allele were found to be significantly associated with NSCLC (p = 0.01), while 634C/G SNP showed an inverse relation [OR-0.4, p < 0.0001]. The present investigation revealed a significant association of the IL6 -174 G/C gene promoter polymorphism with NSCLC, and thus, the IL-6 -174G/C genotype can be considered as one of the biological markers in the etiology of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz A Bhat
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences , Srinagar , India
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Bhavani S, Tsai CL, Perusich S, Hesselbacher S, Coxson H, Pandit L, Corry DB, Kheradmand F. Clinical and Immunological Factors in Emphysema Progression. Five-Year Prospective Longitudinal Exacerbation Study of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (LES-COPD). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:1171-8. [PMID: 26241705 PMCID: PMC4731622 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201504-0736oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cross-sectional studies of T-cell responses to self-antigens correlate with baseline emphysema severity. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether clinical and/or immunological factors could predict disease progression, such as emphysema, FEV1, and 6-minute-walk distance (6MWD), in former and active smokers in a 5-year prospective study. METHODS We recruited 224 ever smokers over 40 years of age and with greater than a 15 pack-year smoking history. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Repeated spirometry, 6MWD, and peripheral blood T-cell cytokine responses to lung elastin fragments were measured. Baseline and repeat chest computed tomography (CT) scans (34 to 65 mo apart) were used to quantify emphysema progression. Of the 141 ever-smokers with baseline and repeat CT scans, the mean (SD) annual rate of change in percent emphysema was +0.46 (0.92), ranging from -1.8 to +4.1. In multivariable analyses, the rate of emphysema progression was greater in subjects who had lower body mass index (BMI) (+0.15 per 5-unit decrease in BMI; 95% confidence interval, +0.03 to +0.29). In active smokers, increased IFN-γ and IL-6 T-cell responses had a positive association with the annual rate of emphysema progression. Male sex and IL-6 T-cell responses to elastin fragments were significantly associated with annual 6MWD decline, whereas IL-13 was associated with an increase in annual 6MWD. CONCLUSIONS The rate of emphysema progression quantified by CT scans among ever-smokers was highly variable; clinical factors and biomarkers explained only some of the variability. Aggressive clinical care that targets active smokers with autoreactive T cells and low BMI may temporize progression of emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chu-Lin Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Harvey Coxson
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Lavannya Pandit
- Department of Medicine
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston Texas
| | - David B. Corry
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, and
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston Texas
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, and
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston Texas
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Wang Y, Shumansky K, Sin DD, Man SFP, Akhabir L, Connett JE, Anthonisen NR, Paré PD, Sandford AJ, He JQ. Associations of interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms with C-reactive protein concentration and lung function decline in smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:13125-13135. [PMID: 26722511 PMCID: PMC4680456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We reported association of haplotypes formed by IL-1b (IL1B)-511C/T (rs16944) and a variable number of tandem repeats (rs2234663) in intron 3 of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) with rate of lung function decline in smoking-induced COPD. The aim of current study was to further investigate this association. METHODS We genotyped an additional 19 polymorphisms in IL1 cluster (including IL1A, IL1B and IL1RN) in non-Hispanic whites who had the fastest (n = 268) and the slowest (n = 292) decline of FEV1% predicted in the same study. We also analyzed the association of all 21 polymorphisms with serum CRP levels. RESULTS None of 21 polymorphisms showed significant association with rate of decline of lung function or CRP levels after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Before adjusting for multiple comparisons, only IL1RN_19327 (rs315949) showed significant association with lung function decline (P = 0.03, additive model). The frequencies of genotypes containing the IL1RN_19327A allele were 71.9% and 62.2%, respectively in the fast and slow decline groups (P = 0.02, odds ratio = 1.6, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.3); the IL1B_5200 (rs1143633) and rs2234663 in IL1RN were associated with serum CRP levels (P=0.04 and 0.03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS No single marker was significantly associated with either rate of lung function decline or serum CRP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Karey Shumansky
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s HospitalVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s HospitalVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - SF Paul Man
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s HospitalVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Loubna Akhabir
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s HospitalVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John E Connett
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of MinnesotaMinneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Peter D Paré
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s HospitalVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew J Sandford
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s HospitalVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jian-Qing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s HospitalVancouver, BC, Canada
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Ortega VE, Kumar R. The Effect of Ancestry and Genetic Variation on Lung Function Predictions: What Is "Normal" Lung Function in Diverse Human Populations? Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2015; 15:16. [PMID: 26130473 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-015-0516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung function measures are an invaluable screening test for respiratory health and have been associated with the morbidity and mortality related to different airway disease as well as all-cause mortality. Currently, reference values for spirometric measurements are obtained using equations derived from individual ethnic or racial groups. The rapid expansion of more racially and ethnically diverse populations will challenge current race-based lung function reference equations. Recent international general population studies and ancestry-based genetic studies have found that ancestry and genetic variation are determinants of lung function and have suggested a role for genetic ancestry or gene variants in future lung function reference equations. In this review, we discuss the potential limitations of current lung function reference equations in a global society which is becoming more ethnically, racially, and, thus, genetically diverse. We also focus on how an individual's ancestral background or genetic profile could provide the basis for more accurate, personalized predictions of an individual's baseline lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor E Ortega
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA,
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41
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Li F, Xie X, Li S, Ke R, Zhu B, Yang L, Li M. Interleukin-6 gene -174G/C polymorphism and bronchial asthma risk: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:12601-12608. [PMID: 26550171 PMCID: PMC4612856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Interleukin-6 (IL-6) genetic polymorphism is associated with bronchial asthma, a number of studies have been conducted to investigate the association between IL-6 gene -174G/C polymorphism and bronchial asthma risk. However, the results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis aims to investigate whether -174G/C polymorphism is a potential risk factor for bronchial asthma. We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database from inception through December 1st, 2014. Meta-analysis was performed using the STATA 12.0. Overall, a significantly reduced risk for asthma was found in IL-6 -174 CC genotype (CC vs. GG: OR = 0. 51, 95% CI = 0.27-0.96, P = 0.038). Furthermore, analysis by ethnicity indicated that there was a markedly reduced risk for asthma in IL-6 -174 CC genotype in Caucasian (CC vs. GG: OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.27-0.96, P = 0.038). Analysis by age indicated that there was a significantly reduced risk for asthma in IL-6 -174 CC genotype in adults (CC vs. GG: OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.23-0.97, P = 0.042). In conclusion, the current meta-analysis indicates that IL-6 -174 CC genotype may be a protective factor against asthma in Caucasian and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, China
| | - Xinming Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, China
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Ke
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, China
| | - Manxiang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, China
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Robinson MB, Deshpande DA, Chou J, Cui W, Smith S, Langefeld C, Hastie AT, Bleecker ER, Hawkins GA. IL-6 trans-signaling increases expression of airways disease genes in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L129-38. [PMID: 26001777 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00288.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic data suggest that IL-6 trans-signaling may have a pathogenic role in the lung; however, the effects of IL-6 trans-signaling on lung effector cells have not been investigated. In this study, human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells were treated with IL-6 (classical) or IL-6+sIL6R (trans-signaling) for 24 h and gene expression was measured by RNAseq. Intracellular signaling and transcription factor activation were assessed by Western blotting and luciferase assay, respectively. The functional effect of IL-6 trans-signaling was determined by proliferation assay. IL-6 trans-signaling had no effect on phosphoinositide-3 kinase and Erk MAP kinase pathways in HASM cells. Both classical and IL-6 trans-signaling in HASM involves activation of Stat3. However, the kinetics of Stat3 phosphorylation by IL-6 trans-signaling was different than classical IL-6 signaling. This was further reflected in the differential gene expression profile by IL-6 trans-signaling in HASM cells. Under IL-6 trans-signaling conditions 36 genes were upregulated, including PLA2G2A, IL13RA1, MUC1, and SOD2. Four genes, including CCL11, were downregulated at least twofold. The expression of 112 genes was divergent between IL-6 classical and trans-signaling, including the genes HILPDA, NNMT, DAB2, MUC1, WWC1, and VEGFA. Pathway analysis revealed that IL-6 trans-signaling induced expression of genes involved in regulation of airway remodeling, immune response, hypoxia, and glucose metabolism. Treatment of HASM cells with IL-6+sIL6R induced proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion, suggesting a role for IL-6 trans-signaling in asthma pathogenesis. These novel findings demonstrate differential effect of IL-6 trans-signaling on airway cells and identify IL-6 trans-signaling as a potential modifier of airway inflammation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mac B Robinson
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Jeffery Chou
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Public Health Genomics, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Wei Cui
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Shelly Smith
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Carl Langefeld
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Public Health Genomics, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Annette T Hastie
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Eugene R Bleecker
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Gregory A Hawkins
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Winston-Salem, North Carolina;
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Ladjemi MZ, Lecocq M, Weynand B, Bowen H, Gould HJ, Van Snick J, Detry B, Pilette C. Increased IgA production by B-cells in COPD via lung epithelial interleukin-6 and TACI pathways. Eur Respir J 2014; 45:980-93. [PMID: 25537557 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00063914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Despite their relevance to mucosal defense, production of IgA and the function of lung B-cells remain unknown in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We assessed IgA synthesis in the lungs of COPD (n=28) and control (n=21) patients, and regulation of B-cells co-cultured with in vitro-reconstituted airway epithelium. In COPD lung tissue, synthesis of IgA1 was increased, which led to its accumulation in subepithelial areas. In vitro, the COPD bronchial epithelium imprinted normal human B-cells for increased production of IgA (mainly IgA1) and maturation into CD38(+) plasma cells. These effects were associated with upregulation of TACI (transmembrane activator and CAML interactor) and were observed under resting conditions, while being partly inhibited upon stimulation with cigarette smoke extract. Interleukin (IL)-6 and BAFF (B-cell activating factor)/APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) were upregulated in the COPD epithelium and lung tissue, respectively; the IgA-promoting effect of the COPD bronchial epithelium was inhibited by targeting IL-6 and, to a lower extent, by blocking TACI. These data show that in COPD, the bronchial epithelium imprints B-cells with signals promoting maturation into IgA-producing plasma cells through the action of two epithelial/B-cell axes, namely the IL-6/IL-6 receptor and BAFF-APRIL/TACI pathways, while cigarette smoke partly counteracts this IgA-promoting effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Zohra Ladjemi
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, Brussels, Belgium Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Service de Pneumologie, Brussels, Belgium Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marylène Lecocq
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, Brussels, Belgium Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Service de Pneumologie, Brussels, Belgium Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Birgit Weynand
- CHU de Mont-Godinne, Service d'anatomopathologie, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Holly Bowen
- MRC/Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hannah J Gould
- MRC/Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jacques Van Snick
- UCL, C. de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology, Brussels, Belgium Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bruno Detry
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, Brussels, Belgium Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Service de Pneumologie, Brussels, Belgium Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, Brussels, Belgium Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Service de Pneumologie, Brussels, Belgium Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium
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Carmona JJ, Sofer T, Hutchinson J, Cantone L, Coull B, Maity A, Vokonas P, Lin X, Schwartz J, Baccarelli AA. Short-term airborne particulate matter exposure alters the epigenetic landscape of human genes associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase network: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2014; 13:94. [PMID: 25395096 PMCID: PMC4273424 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-13-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air particulate matter is known to elevate blood biomarkers of inflammation and to increase cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Major components of airborne particulate matter typically include black carbon from traffic and sulfates from coal-burning power plants. DNA methylation is thought to be sensitive to these environmental toxins and possibly mediate environmental effects on clinical outcomes via regulation of gene networks. The underlying mechanisms may include epigenetic modulation of major inflammatory pathways, yet the details remain unclear. METHODS We sought to elucidate how short-term exposure to air pollution components, singly and/or in combination, alter blood DNA methylation in certain inflammation-associated gene networks, MAPK and NF-κB, which may transmit the environmental signal(s) and influence the inflammatory pathway in vivo. To this end, we utilized a custom-integrated workflow-molecular processing, pollution surveillance, biostatical analysis, and bioinformatic visualization-to map novel human (epi)gene pathway-environment interactions. RESULTS Specifically, out of 84 MAPK pathway genes considered, we identified 11 whose DNA methylation status was highly associated with black carbon exposure, after adjusting for potential confounders-age, sulfate exposure, smoking, blood cell composition, and blood pressure. Moreover, after adjusting for these confounders, multi-pollutant analysis of synergistic DNA methylations significantly associated with sulfate and BC exposures yielded 14 MAPK genes. No associations were found with the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION Exposure to short-term air pollution components thus resulted in quantifiable epigenetic changes in the promoter areas of MAPK pathway genes. Bioinformatic mapping of single- vs. multi-exposure-associated epigenetic changes suggests that these alterations might affect biological pathways in nuanced ways that are not simply additive or fully predictable via individual-level exposure assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jose Carmona
- />Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- />Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- />Program in Quantitative Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- />Program in Quantitative Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - John Hutchinson
- />Center for Health Bioinformatics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Laura Cantone
- />Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Brent Coull
- />Program in Quantitative Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Arnab Maity
- />Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Pantel Vokonas
- />VA Normative Aging Study, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System and the Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Xihong Lin
- />Program in Quantitative Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- />Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- />Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- />Laboratory of Human Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- />Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
- />Program in Quantitative Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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Lepeule J, Bind MAC, Baccarelli AA, Koutrakis P, Tarantini L, Litonjua A, Sparrow D, Vokonas P, Schwartz JD. Epigenetic influences on associations between air pollutants and lung function in elderly men: the normative aging study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2014; 122:566-72. [PMID: 24602767 PMCID: PMC4050500 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1206458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have been performed on pulmonary effects of air pollution in the elderly--a vulnerable population with low reserve capacity--and mechanisms and susceptibility factors for potential effects are unclear. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the lag structure of air pollutant associations with lung function and potential effect modification by DNA methylation (< or ≥ median) at 26 individual CpG sites in nine candidate genes in a well-characterized cohort of elderly men. METHODS We measured forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), and blood DNA methylation one to four times between 1999 and 2009 in 776 men from the Normative Aging Study. Air pollution was measured at fixed monitors 4 hr to 28 days before lung function tests. We used linear mixed-effects models to estimate the main effects of air pollutants and effect modification by DNA methylation. RESULTS An interquartile range (IQR) increase in subchronic exposure (3 to 28 days cumulated), but not in acute exposure (during the previous 4 hr, or the current or previous day), to black carbon, total and nontraffic particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide was associated with a 1-5% decrease in FVC and FEV1 (p < 0.05). Slope estimates were greater for FVC than FEV1, and increased with cumulative exposure. The estimates slopes for air pollutants (28 days cumulated) were higher in participants with low (< median) methylation in TLR2 at position 2 and position 5 and high (≥ median) methylation in GCR. CONCLUSIONS Subchronic exposure to traffic-related pollutants was associated with significantly reduced lung function in the elderly; nontraffic pollutants (particles, ozone) had weaker associations. Epigenetic mechanisms related to inflammation and immunity may influence these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Lepeule
- Exposure, Epidemiology, and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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46
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Wu X, Yuan B, López E, Bai C, Wang X. Gene polymorphisms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 18:15-26. [PMID: 24256364 PMCID: PMC3916114 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic component was suggested to contribute to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a major and growing public health burden. The present review aims to characterize the evidence that gene polymorphisms contribute to the aetiology of COPD and related traits, and explore the potential relationship between certain gene polymorphisms and COPD susceptibility, severity, lung function, phenotypes, or drug effects, even though limited results from related studies lacked consistency. Most of these studies were association studies, rather than confirmatory studies. More large-sized and strictly controlled studies are needed to prove the relationship between gene polymorphisms and the reviewed traits. More importantly, prospective confirmatory studies beyond initial association studies will be necessary to evaluate true relationships between gene polymorphisms and COPD and help individualized treatment for patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, China
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47
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Bon J, Liao S, Tseng G, Sciurba FC. Considerations and pitfalls in phenotyping and reclassification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Transl Res 2013; 162:252-7. [PMID: 23920431 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
As the clinical and research focus of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) evolves from regarding obstructive lung disease as a single disease entity to recognizing the complexity of disease expression, the importance of COPD phenotyping rises to the forefront. The reclassification of COPD holds both prognostic and therapeutic implications but does not come without issues that may complicate classification efforts. In this review, we discuss the significance of refining the definition of the term phenotype, consider the impact of variations in cohort severity and attribute mix, account for the contrast of longitudinal vs cross-sectional cohort analysis, recognize the differing criteria used to define disease traits along with the nuances of combining cohorts, and identify the interaction of covariates as we advance in the field of COPD phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bon
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Yao X, Huang J, Zhong H, Shen N, Faggioni R, Fung M, Yao Y. Targeting interleukin-6 in inflammatory autoimmune diseases and cancers. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 141:125-39. [PMID: 24076269 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with significant functions in the regulation of the immune system. As a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6 plays a pivotal role in host defense against pathogens and acute stress. However, increased or deregulated expression of IL-6 significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have revealed the pathological roles of the IL-6 pathway in inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. Based on the rich body of studies on biological activities of IL-6 and its pathological roles, therapeutic strategies targeting the IL-6 pathway are in development for cancers, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Several anti-IL-6/IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies developed for targeted therapy have demonstrated promising results in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. Tocilizumab, an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, is effective in the treatment of various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions notably rheumatoid arthritis. It is the only IL-6 pathway targeting agent approved by the regulatory agencies for clinical use. Siltuximab, an anti-IL-6 antibody, has been shown to have potential benefits treating various human cancers either as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapy drugs. Several other anti-IL-6-based therapies are also under clinical development for various diseases. IL-6 antagonism has been shown to be a potential therapy for these disorders refractory to conventional drugs. New strategies, such as combination of IL-6 blockade with inhibition of other signaling pathways, may further improve IL-6-targeted immunotherapy of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yao
- MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | | | - Nan Shen
- Joint Molecular Rheumatology Laboratory of Institute of Health Sciences and Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Yihong Yao
- MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
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Interleukin-6 neutralization alleviates pulmonary inflammation in mice exposed to cigarette smoke and poly(I:C). Clin Sci (Lond) 2013; 125:483-93. [PMID: 23738811 DOI: 10.1042/cs20130110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Increased systemic and pulmonary levels of IL-6 (interleukin-6) are associated with the severity of exacerbations and decline of lung function in patients with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Whether IL-6 is directly involved or plays a bystander role in the pathophysiology of COPD remains unclear. Here we hypothesized that neutralizing circulating levels of IL-6 would modulate episodes of acute pulmonary inflammation following CS (cigarette smoke) exposure and virus-like challenges. For this purpose, we used a model where C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CS twice daily via a nose-only system, and concomitant periodic intranasal challenge with poly(I:C), a synthetic ligand for TLR3 (Toll-like receptor 3) that mimics the encounter with double stranded RNA that is carried by influenza-like viruses. This protocol recapitulates several aspects of acute pulmonary inflammation associated with COPD, including prominent airway neutrophilia, insensitivity to steroid treatment and increased levels of several inflammatory cytokines in BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) samples. Although IL-6-deficient mice exposed to CS/poly(I:C) developed pulmonary inflammation similar to WT (wild-type) controls, WT mice exposed to CS/poly(I:C) and treated intraperitoneally with IL-6-neutralizing antibodies showed significantly lower blood counts of lymphocytes and monocytes, lower BAL levels of IL-6 and CXCL1 (CXC chemokine ligand 1)/KC (keratinocyte chemoattractant), as well as reduced numbers of BAL neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages. Our results thus indicate that the systemic neutralization of IL-6 significantly reduces CS/poly(I:C)-induced pulmonary inflammation, which may be a relevant approach to the treatment of episodes of acute pulmonary inflammation associated with COPD.
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Wu G, Zhi D. Pathway-based approaches for sequencing-based genome-wide association studies. Genet Epidemiol 2013; 37:478-94. [PMID: 23650134 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
For analyzing complex trait association with sequencing data, most current studies test aggregated effects of variants in a gene or genomic region. Although gene-based tests have insufficient power even for moderately sized samples, pathway-based analyses combine information across multiple genes in biological pathways and may offer additional insight. However, most existing pathway association methods are originally designed for genome-wide association studies, and are not comprehensively evaluated for sequencing data. Moreover, region-based rare variant association methods, although potentially applicable to pathway-based analysis by extending their region definition to gene sets, have never been rigorously tested. In the context of exome-based studies, we use simulated and real datasets to evaluate pathway-based association tests. Our simulation strategy adopts a genome-wide genetic model that distributes total genetic effects hierarchically into pathways, genes, and individual variants, allowing the evaluation of pathway-based methods with realistic quantifiable assumptions on the underlying genetic architectures. The results show that, although no single pathway-based association method offers superior performance in all simulated scenarios, a modification of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis approach using statistics from single-marker tests without gene-level collapsing (weighted Kolmogrov-Smirnov [WKS]-Variant method) is consistently powerful. Interestingly, directly applying rare variant association tests (e.g., sequence kernel association test) to pathway analysis offers a similar power, but its results are sensitive to assumptions of genetic architecture. We applied pathway association analysis to an exome-sequencing data of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and found that the WKS-Variant method confirms associated genes previously published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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