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Pant C, Sukumar G, Alli VJ, Jadav SS, Pabbaraja S, Kalivendi SV. Allosteric Activation of SIRT1 by 2,4-Dihydroxy-azaflavanone Averts MPP +-Mediated Dysfunction in Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Bioenergetics: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2870-2883. [PMID: 39074306 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that affects dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), resulting in motor dysfunction. Among the pathways examined, mitochondria and α-synuclein were found to play a major role in the disease progression. Hence, several attempts are being made to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics or protein aggregation pathways as disease-modifying strategies. Our earlier studies reported the protective effect of 2,4-dihydroxy-azaflavanone (azaflavanone) in a transgenic Drosophila fly model of PD. In the present study, we found that azaflavanone acts as an allosteric activator of SIRT1 in both cell-free and cell-based systems and the effects were more pronounced as compared to resveratrol. Also, azaflavanone appears to interact selectively with SIRT1 as other SIRTs such as SIRT3 and SIRT6 did not exhibit any gross changes in cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). Molecular docking studies depicted a higher docking score with azaflavanone than with resveratrol. Further, N27 cells treated with azaflavanone exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the mitotracker staining, mtDNA/nuclear DNA ratio, and also mitochondrial bioenergetics. The observed effects appear to be due to the activation of SIRT1, as evidenced by an increase in the expression of PGC-1α and TFAM, which are the downstream targets of SIRT1. Lastly, the Parkinsonian mimic MPP+-induced disturbance in the mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and biogenesis were ameliorated by azaflavanone. Overall, our findings indicate that azaflavanone, being an antioxidant and an allosteric activator of SIRT1, is a promising compound for ameliorating the pathophysiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitrakshi Pant
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Genji Sukumar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Department of Chemistry, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, AP 533296, India
| | - Vidya Jyothi Alli
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Surender Singh Jadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Srihari Pabbaraja
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Shasi V Kalivendi
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Ewees MGED, Mostafa-Hadeab G, Saber S, El-Meguid EAA, Sree HTA, Abdel Rahman FEZS, Mahmoud NI. Linagliptin mitigates cisplatin-induced kidney impairment via mitophagy regulation in rats, with emphasis on SIRT-3/PGC-1α, PINK-1 and Parkin-2. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024:117048. [PMID: 39102946 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) often leads to kidney impairment, limiting its effectiveness in cancer treatment. The lack of mitophagy in proximal tubules exacerbates this issue. Hence, targeting SIRT-3 and PGC1-α shows promise in mitigating CDDP-induced kidney damage. The potential renoprotective effects of linagliptin, however, remain poorly understood. This study represents the first exploration of linagliptin's impact on CDDP-induced kidney impairment in rats, emphasizing its potential role in mitophagic pathways. The experiment involved four rat groups: Group (I) received saline only, Group (II) received a single intraperitoneal injection of CDDP at 6 mg/kg. Groups (III) and (IV) received linagliptin at 6 and 10 mg/kg p.o., respectively, seven days before CDDP administration, continuing for an additional four days. Various parameters, including renal function tests, oxidative stress, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGC-1α, FOXO-3a, p-ERK1, and the gene expression of SIRT-3 and P62 in renal tissue, were assessed. Linagliptin improved renal function, increased antioxidant enzyme activity, and decreased IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression. Additionally, linagliptin significantly upregulated PGC-1α and PINK-1/Parkin-2 expression while downregulating P62 expression. Moreover, linagliptin activated FOXO-3a and SIRT-3, suggesting a potential enhancement of mitophagy. Linagliptin demonstrated a positive impact on various factors related to kidney health in the context of CDDP-induced impairment. These findings suggest a potential role for linagliptin in improving cancer treatment outcomes. Clinical trials are warranted to further investigate and validate its efficacy in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gamal El-Din Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt.
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hadeab
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Jouf University, Sakaka 11564, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt.
| | - Eman Ali Abd El-Meguid
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63511, Egypt.
| | - Haidy Tamer Abo Sree
- Department of Basic Sciences, Biochemistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt.
| | | | - Nesreen Ishak Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 11787, Egypt
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Yang L, Liu D, Jiang S, Li H, Chen L, Wu Y, Essien AE, Opoku M, Naranmandakh S, Liu S, Ru Q, Li Y. SIRT1 signaling pathways in sarcopenia: Novel mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116917. [PMID: 38908209 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an aging-related skeletal disease characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and physical function, severely affecting the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly population. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, has been reported to participate in various aging-related signaling pathways and exert protective effect on many human diseases. SIRT1 functioned as an important role in the occurrence and progression of sarcopenia through regulating key pathways related to protein homeostasis, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance and autophagy in skeletal muscle, including SIRT1/Forkhead Box O (FoxO), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/SIRT1/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), SIRT1/p53, AMPK/SIRT1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and SIRT1/live kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMPK pathways. However, the specific mechanisms of these processes have not been fully illuminated. Currently, several SIRT1-mediated interventions on sarcopenia have been preliminarily developed, such as SIRT1 activator polyphenolic compounds, exercising and calorie restriction. In this review, we summarized the predominant mechanisms of SIRT1 involved in sarcopenia and therapeutic modalities targeting the SIRT1 signaling pathways for the prevention and prognosis of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shide Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Anko Elijah Essien
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Michael Opoku
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shinen Naranmandakh
- Department of chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - ShuGuang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qin Ru
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang P, Zhang X, Liu S, Lou K. Asprosin: its function as a novel endocrine factor in metabolic-related diseases. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1839-1850. [PMID: 38568373 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asprosin was discovered as a new endocrine hormone originating from fibrillin-1 cleavage that plays a crucial role in various metabolic-related diseases, such as obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review is to describe the recent advancements of asprosin. METHOD Narrative review. RESULT This comprehensive review explores its tissue-specific functions, focusing on white adipose tissue, liver, hypothalamus, testis, ovary, heart, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and kidney. CONCLUSION Asprosin is a multifaceted protein with tissue-specific roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and potential of asprosin as a therapeutic target. These insights could provide new directions for treatments targeting metabolic-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, 23 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China
| | - P Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, 23 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - S Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, 23 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China.
| | - K Lou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China.
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Song L, Xue J, Xu L, Cheng L, Zhang Y, Wang X. Muscle-specific PGC-1α modulates mitochondrial oxidative stress in aged sarcopenia through regulating Nrf2. Exp Gerontol 2024; 193:112468. [PMID: 38801840 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aged sarcopenia is characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, and mitochondrial dysregulation in skeletal myocyte is considered as a major factor. Here, we aimed to analyze the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in aged skeletal muscles. METHODS C2C12 cells were stimulated by 50 μM 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC) to observe the changes of cellular ROS, mitochondrial ROS, and expression of PGC-1α and Nrf2. Different PGC-1α expression in cells was established by transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) or plasmids overexpressing PGC-1α (pEX-3-PGC-1α). The effects of different PGC-1α expression on cellular ROS, mitochondrial ROS and Nrf2 expression were measured in cells. Wild type (WT) mice and PGC-1α conditional knockout (CKO) mice were used to analyze the effects of PGC-1α on aged sarcopenia and expression of Nrf2 and CD38 in gastrocnemius muscles. Diethylmaleate, a Nrf2 activator, was used to analyze the connection between PGC-1α and Nrf2 in cells and in mice. RESULTS In C2C12 cells, the expressions of PGC-1α and Nrf2 were declined by the 7β-OHC treatment or PGC-1α silence. Moreover, PGC-1α silence increased the harmful ROS and decreased the Nrf2 protein expression in the 7β-OHC-treated cells. PGC-1α overexpression decreased the harmful ROS and increased the Nrf2 protein expression in the 7β-OHC-treated cells. Diethylmaleate treatment decreased the harmful ROS in the 7β-OHC-treated or PGC-1α siRNA-transfected cells. At the same age, muscle-specific PGC-1α deficiency aggravated aged sarcopenia, decreased Nrf2 expression and increased CD38 expression in gastrocnemius muscles compared with the WT mice. Diethylmaleate treatment improved the muscle function and decreased the CD38 expression in the old two genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that PGC-1α modulated mitochondrial oxidative stress in aged sarcopenia through regulating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Jianfeng Xue
- Geriatric Cardiovascular Department, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Lingfen Xu
- General Medicine Department, Qinghai Provincial Hospital, Xining 810000, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yongxia Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China.
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6
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Louvrou V, Solianik R, Brazaitis M, Erhardt S. Exploring the effect of prolonged fasting on kynurenine pathway metabolites and stress markers in healthy male individuals. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:677-683. [PMID: 38789718 PMCID: PMC11300305 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Prolonged fasting triggers a stress response within the human body. Our objective was to investigate the impact of prolonged fasting, in conjunction with stress, on kynurenine pathway metabolites. SUBJECTS/METHODS Healthy males were divided into fasting group (zero-calorie-restriction) for 6 days (FAST, n = 14), and control group (CON, n = 10). Blood and saliva samples were collected at baseline, Day 2, Day 4, Day 6 during fasting period, and 1 week after resuming regular diet. Plasma levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Plasma and salivary samples were analyzed for stress markers. RESULTS A pronounced activation of the kynurenine pathway in individuals on FAST trial was revealed. Concentrations of picolinic acid (PIC), kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) were significantly increased, with peak levels observed on Day 6 (P < 0.0001). Conversely, concentrations of tryptophan (TRP) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) decreased (P < 0.0001), while kynurenine (KYN) and nicotinamide (NAM) levels remained stable. Cortisol and noradrenaline concentrations remained unchanged. However, adrenaline levels significantly increased on Day 4 within FAST compared to CON (P = 0.005). Notably, all deviations in kynurenine pathway metabolite levels returned to baseline values upon resuming regular diet following the 6-day fasting regimen, even when weight and BMI parameters were not restored. CONCLUSIONS Extended fasting over 6 days induces the kynurenine pathway and has minimal effects on stress markers. Restoration of metabolite concentrations upon regular feeding implies rapid adaptation of the kynurenine pathway synthetic enzymes to maintain homeostasis when faced with perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Louvrou
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rima Solianik
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sophie Erhardt
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Chen S, Li Q, Shi H, Li F, Duan Y, Guo Q. New insights into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in oxidative stress-induced diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117084. [PMID: 39088967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative stress (OS), which can induce gene mutations, protein denaturation, and lipid peroxidation directly or indirectly. The expression is reduced ATP level in cells, increased cytoplasmic Ca2+, inflammation, and so on. Consequently, ROS are recognized as significant risk factors for human aging and various diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are involved in the production of ROS through the respiratory chain. Abnormal mitochondrial characteristics, including mitochondrial OS, mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial fusion, and mitophagy, play an important role in various tissues. However, previous excellent reviews focused on OS-induced diseases. In this review, we focus on the latest progress of OS-induced mitochondrial dynamics, discuss OS-induced mitochondrial damage-related diseases, and summarize the OS-induced mitochondrial dynamics-related signaling pathways. Additionally, it elaborates on potential therapeutic methods aimed at preventing oxidative stress from further exacerbating mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qilong Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hanjing Shi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro⁃Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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8
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Do SQ, Nguyen HT, Wakai T, Funahashi H. Exogenous expression of PGC-1α during in vitro maturation impairs the developmental competence of porcine oocytes. Theriogenology 2024; 228:30-36. [PMID: 39089072 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Objectives of the current study were to examine the effects of exogenous expression of PGC-1α, which is a transcription factor responsive for controlling mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, mitochondria quantity control, mitochondrial biogenesis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) maintenance, in porcine oocytes during in-vitro maturation (IVM) on the developmental competence, as well as mitochondrial quantity and function. Exogenous over-expression of PGC-1α by injection of the mRNA construct into oocytes 20 h after the start of IVM culture significantly increased the copy number of mtDNA in the oocytes, but reduced the incidences of oocytes matured to the metaphase-II stage after the IVM culture for totally 44 h and completely suppressed the early development in vitro to the blastocyst stage following parthenogenetic activation. The exogenous expression of PGC-1α also significantly induced spindle defects and chromosome misalignments. Furthermore, markedly higher ROS levels were observed in the PGC-1α-overexpressed mature oocytes, whereas mRNA level of SOD1, encoded for a ROS scavenging enzyme, was decreased. These results conclude that forced expression of PGC-1α successfully increase mtDNA copy number but led to increased ROS production, evidently by downregulation of SOD1 gene expression, inducement of spindle aberration/chromosomal misalignment, and consequently reduction in the meiotic and developmental competences of porcine oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son Quang Do
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hai Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Wakai
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Funahashi
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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VanDerStad LR, Wyatt EC, Vaughan RA. Excess Branched-Chain Amino Acids Suppress Mitochondrial Function and Biogenic Signaling but Not Mitochondrial Dynamics in a Myotube Model of Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance. Metabolites 2024; 14:389. [PMID: 39057712 PMCID: PMC11279211 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14070389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are correlated with severity of insulin resistance, which may partially result from mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also common during insulin resistance and is regulated in part by altered mitochondrial fusion and fission (mitochondrial dynamics). To assess the effect of BCAA on mitochondrial dynamics during insulin resistance, the present study examined the effect of BCAA on mitochondrial function and indicators of mitochondrial dynamics in a myotube model of insulin resistance. C2C12 myotubes were treated with stock DMEM or DMEM with additional BCAA at 0.2 mM, 2 mM, or 20 mM to achieve a continuum of concentrations ranging from physiologically attainable to supraphysiological (BCAA overload) both with and without hyperinsulinemia-mediated insulin resistance. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure gene and protein expression of targets associated with mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial function was assessed by oxygen consumption, and mitochondrial content was measured using mitochondrial-specific staining. Insulin resistance reduced mitochondrial function, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha mRNA, and citrate synthase expression mRNA, but not protein expression. Excess BCAA at 20 mM also independently reduced mitochondrial function in insulin-sensitive cells. BCAA did not alter indicators of mitochondrial dynamics at the mRNA or protein level, while insulin resistance reduced mitochondrial fission protein 1 mRNA, but not protein expression. Collectively, BCAA at excessively high levels or coupled with insulin resistances reduce mitochondrial function and content but do not appear to alter mitochondrial dynamics under the tested conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roger A. Vaughan
- Department of Health and Human Performance, High Point University, High Point, NC 27268, USA; (L.R.V.); (E.C.W.)
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Feng Y, Luo S, Fang C, Ma S, Fan D, Chen Y, Chen Z, Zheng X, Tang Y, Duan X, Liu X, Ruan X, Guo X. ANGPTL8 deficiency attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury by improving lipid metabolic dysregulation. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100595. [PMID: 39019343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is closely related to poor outcomes in sepsis patients. Current studies indicate that sepsis is accompanied by metabolic disorders, especially those related to lipid metabolism. It is highly important to explore the mechanism of abnormal liver lipid metabolism during sepsis. As a key regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, angiopoietin-like 8 (ANGPTL8) is involved in the regulation of multiple chronic metabolic diseases. In the present study, severe liver lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation were observed in the early stages of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced liver injury. LPS promotes the expression of ANGPTL8 both in vivo and in vitro. Knockout of Angptl8 reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and lipid peroxidation, improved fatty acid oxidation and liver function, and increased the survival rate of septic mice by activating the PGC1α/PPARα pathway. We also found that the expression of ANGPTL8 induced by LPS depends on TNF-α, and that inhibiting the TNF-α pathway reduces LPS-induced hepatic lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation. However, knocking out Angptl8 improved the survival rate of septic mice better than inhibiting the TNF-α pathway. Taken together, the results of our study suggest that ANGPTL8 functions as a novel cytokine in LPS-induced liver injury by suppressing the PGC1α/PPARα signaling pathway. Therefore, targeting ANGPTL8 to improve liver lipid metabolism represents an attractive strategy for the management of sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Shan Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Endocrine rheumatology, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Shinan Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanghui Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Wuhan NO.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yijun Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaobei Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xingling Liu
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuzhi Ruan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xingrong Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
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11
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Russo C, Santangelo R, Malaguarnera L, Valle MS. The "Sunshine Vitamin" and Its Antioxidant Benefits for Enhancing Muscle Function. Nutrients 2024; 16:2195. [PMID: 39064638 PMCID: PMC11279438 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathological states marked by oxidative stress and systemic inflammation frequently compromise the functional capacity of muscular cells. This progressive decline in muscle mass and tone can significantly hamper the patient's motor abilities, impeding even the most basic physical tasks. Muscle dysfunction can lead to metabolic disorders and severe muscle wasting, which, in turn, can potentially progress to sarcopenia. The functionality of skeletal muscle is profoundly influenced by factors such as environmental, nutritional, physical, and genetic components. A well-balanced diet, rich in proteins and vitamins, alongside an active lifestyle, plays a crucial role in fortifying tissues and mitigating general weakness and pathological conditions. Vitamin D, exerting antioxidant effects, is essential for skeletal muscle. Epidemiological evidence underscores a global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, which induces oxidative harm, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced adenosine triphosphate production, and impaired muscle function. This review explores the intricate molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D modulates oxidative stress and its consequent effects on muscle function. The aim is to evaluate if vitamin D supplementation in conditions involving oxidative stress and inflammation could prevent decline and promote or maintain muscle function effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Russo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rosa Santangelo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lucia Malaguarnera
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Maria Stella Valle
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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12
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Zhao YC, Gao BH. Integrative effects of resistance training and endurance training on mitochondrial remodeling in skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-024-05549-5. [PMID: 38981937 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05549-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Resistance training activates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway of hypertrophy for strength gain, while endurance training increases peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) pathway of mitochondrial biogenesis benefiting oxidative phosphorylation. The conventional view suggests that resistance training-induced hypertrophy signaling interferes with endurance training-induced mitochondrial remodeling. However, this idea has been challenged because acute leg press and knee extension in humans enhance both muscle hypertrophy and mitochondrial remodeling signals. Thus, we first examined the muscle mitochondrial remodeling and hypertrophy signals with endurance training and resistance training, respectively. In addition, we discussed the influence of resistance training on muscle mitochondria, demonstrating that the PGC-1α-mediated muscle mitochondrial adaptation and hypertrophy occur simultaneously. The second aim was to discuss the integrative effects of concurrent training, which consists of endurance and resistance training sessions on mitochondrial remodeling. The study found that the resistance training component does not reduce muscle mitochondrial remodeling signals in concurrent training. On the contrary, concurrent training has the potential to amplify skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis compared to a single exercise model. Concurrent training involving differential sequences of resistance and endurance training may result in varied mitochondrial biogenesis signals, which should be linked to the pre-activation of mTOR or PGC-1α signaling. Our review proposed a mechanism for mTOR signaling that promotes PGC-1α signaling through unidentified pathways. This mechanism may be account for the superior muscle mitochondrial remodeling change following the concurrent training. Our review suggested an interaction between resistance training and endurance training in skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Cai Zhao
- College of Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, No. 16 Donghai Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Bing-Hong Gao
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 399 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
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13
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Jun L, Tao YX, Geetha T, Babu JR. Mitochondrial Adaptation in Skeletal Muscle: Impact of Obesity, Caloric Restriction, and Dietary Compounds. Curr Nutr Rep 2024:10.1007/s13668-024-00555-7. [PMID: 38976215 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The global obesity epidemic has become a major public health concern, necessitating comprehensive research into its adverse effects on various tissues within the human body. Among these tissues, skeletal muscle has gained attention due to its susceptibility to obesity-related alterations. Mitochondria are primary source of energy production in the skeletal muscle. Healthy skeletal muscle maintains constant mitochondrial content through continuous cycle of synthesis and degradation. However, obesity has been shown to disrupt this intricate balance. This review summarizes recent findings on the impact of obesity on skeletal muscle mitochondria structure and function. In addition, we summarize the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial quality control systems and how obesity impacts these systems. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings show various interventions aimed at mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in obese model, encompassing strategies including caloric restriction and various dietary compounds. Obesity has deleterious effect on skeletal muscle mitochondria by disrupting mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. Caloric restriction, omega-3 fatty acids, resveratrol, and other dietary compounds enhance mitochondrial function and present promising therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Jun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ya-Xiong Tao
- Department of Anatomy Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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14
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Yang SH, Yang H, Ahn BM, Lee SY, Lee SJ, Kim JS, Koo YT, Lee CH, Kim JH, Yoon Park JH, Jang YJ, Lee KW. Fermented Yak-Kong using Bifidobacterium animalis derived from Korean infant intestine effectively relieves muscle atrophy in an aging mouse model. Food Funct 2024; 15:7224-7237. [PMID: 38812412 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04204a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Yak-Kong (YK) is a small black soybean widely cultivated in Korea. It is considered to have excellent health functionality, as it has been reported to have better antioxidant efficacy than conventional black or yellow soybeans. Since YK has been described as good for the muscle health of the elderly in old oriental medicine books, this study sought to investigate the effect of fermented YK with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LDTM 8102 (FYK) on muscle atrophy. In C2C12 mouse myoblasts, FYK elevated the expression of MyoD, total MHC, phosphorylated AKT, and PGC1α. In addition, two kinds of in vivo studies were conducted using both an induced and normal aging mouse model. The behavioral test results showed that in the induced aging mouse model, FYK intake alleviated age-related muscle weakness and loss of exercise performance. In addition, FYK alleviated muscle mass decrease and improved the expression of biomarkers including total MHC, myf6, phosphorylated AKT, PGC1α, and Tfam, which are related to myoblast differentiation, muscle protein synthesis, and mitochondrial generation in the muscle. In the normal aging model, FYK consumption did not increase muscle mass, but did upregulate the expression levels of biomarkers related to myoblast differentiation, muscle hypertrophy, and muscle function. Furthermore, it mitigated age-related declines in skeletal muscle force production and functional limitation by enhancing exercise performance and grip strength. Taken together, the results suggest that FYK has the potential to be a new functional food material that can alleviate the loss of muscle mass and strength caused by aging and prevent sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Yang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Min Ahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Joo Lee
- Kwangdong Pharmaceutical, Seoul, 06650, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- Kwangdong Pharmaceutical, Seoul, 06650, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Koo
- Kwangdong Pharmaceutical, Seoul, 06650, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Lee
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, 01133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Han Yoon Park
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Major of Food Science & Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
- Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bio convergence, Seoul National. University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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15
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Xi Q, Liu L, Zhao Q, Zhu S. KLF13 Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Alveolar Epithelial Cell Damage by Regulating Mitochondrial Quality Control via Binding PGC-1α. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024. [PMID: 38949897 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a clinically life-threatening syndrome, and acute lung injury is the earliest and most serious complication. We aimed to assess the role of kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human alveolar type II epithelial cell damage and to reveal the possible mechanism related to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1-α (PGC-1α). In LPS-treated A549 cells with or without KLF13 overexpression or PGC-1α knockdown, cell viability was measured by a cell counting kit-8 assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits detected the levels of inflammatory factors, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining measured cell apoptosis. Besides, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MitoSOX) and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected using MitoSOX red- and JC-1 staining. Expression of proteins related to mitochondrial quality control (MQC) was evaluated by western blot. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was used to analyze the interaction between KLF13 and PGC-1α. Results indicated that KLF13 was highly expressed in LPS-treated A549 cells. KLF13 upregulation elevated the viability and reduced the levels of inflammatory factors in A549 cells exposed to LPS. Moreover, KLF13 gain-of-function inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis of A549 cells, accompanied by upregulated BCL2 expression and downregulated Bax and cleaved caspase3 expression. Furthermore, MQC was improved by KLF13 overexpression, as evidenced by decreased MitoSOX, JC-1 monomers and increased JC-1 aggregates, coupled with the changes of proteins related to MQC. In addition, Co-IP assay confirmed the interaction between KLF13 and PGC-1α. PGC-1α deficiency restored the impacts of KLF13 upregulation on the inflammation, apoptosis, and MQC in LPS-treated A549 cells. In conclusion, KLF13 attenuated LPS-induced alveolar epithelial cell inflammation and apoptosis by regulating MQC via binding PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Locke B, Campbell E, Lu R. CREB3 mediates the transcriptional regulation of PGC-1α, a master regulator of energy homeostasis and mitochondrial biogenesis. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1730-1739. [PMID: 38697949 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism hinges on a balance between lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Disruptions in this balance can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR) and contribute to metabolic diseases. The UPR protein, Luman or CREB3, has recently been implicated in metabolic regulation-CREB3 knockout mice exhibit resistance to diet-induced obesity and altered insulin sensitivity. Here, we show that CREB3 activated PPARGC1A transcription from a 1 kb promoter region. An increase in CREB3 expression correlated inversely with endogenous PPARGC1A mRNA levels and genes involved in FAO. As PGC-1α encoded by PPARGC1A is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and energy homeostasis, these findings demonstrate that CREB3 is a transcriptional regulator of PGC-1α, underlining the potential role of CREB3 in energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana Locke
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - Elena Campbell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - Ray Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Canada
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17
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Kajani S, Laker RC, Ratkova E, Will S, Rhodes CJ. Hepatic glucagon action: beyond glucose mobilization. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1021-1060. [PMID: 38300523 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucagon's ability to promote hepatic glucose production has been known for over a century, with initial observations touting this hormone as a diabetogenic agent. However, glucagon receptor agonism [when balanced with an incretin, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) to dampen glucose excursions] is now being developed as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of metabolic diseases, like metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASLD/MASH), and may also have benefit for obesity and chronic kidney disease. Conventionally regarded as the opposing tag-team partner of the anabolic mediator insulin, glucagon is gradually emerging as more than just a "catabolic hormone." Glucagon action on glucose homeostasis within the liver has been well characterized. However, growing evidence, in part thanks to new and sensitive "omics" technologies, has implicated glucagon as more than just a "glucose liberator." Elucidation of glucagon's capacity to increase fatty acid oxidation while attenuating endogenous lipid synthesis speaks to the dichotomous nature of the hormone. Furthermore, glucagon action is not limited to just glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism, as traditionally reported. Glucagon plays key regulatory roles in hepatic amino acid and ketone body metabolism, as well as mitochondrial turnover and function, indicating broader glucagon signaling consequences for metabolic homeostasis mediated by the liver. Here we examine the broadening role of glucagon signaling within the hepatocyte and question the current dogma, to appreciate glucagon as more than just that "catabolic hormone."
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Kajani
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
| | - Rhianna C Laker
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
| | - Ekaterina Ratkova
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Sarah Will
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
| | - Christopher J Rhodes
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
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18
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Sarkar A, Fanous KI, Marei I, Ding H, Ladjimi M, MacDonald R, Hollenberg MD, Anderson TJ, Hill MA, Triggle CR. Repurposing Metformin for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: Current Insights. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2024; 20:255-288. [PMID: 38919471 PMCID: PMC11198029 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s391808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metformin is an orally effective anti-hyperglycemic drug that despite being introduced over 60 years ago is still utilized by an estimated 120 to 150 million people worldwide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Metformin is used off-label for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and for pre-diabetes and weight loss. Metformin is a safe, inexpensive drug with side effects mostly limited to gastrointestinal issues. Prospective clinical data from the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), completed in 1998, demonstrated that metformin not only has excellent therapeutic efficacy as an anti-diabetes drug but also that good glycemic control reduced the risk of micro- and macro-vascular complications, especially in obese patients and thereby reduced the risk of diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD). Based on a long history of clinical use and an excellent safety record metformin has been investigated to be repurposed for numerous other diseases including as an anti-aging agent, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, cancer, COVID-19 and also atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is the most frequently diagnosed cardiac arrythmia and its prevalence is increasing globally as the population ages. The argument for repurposing metformin for AF is based on a combination of retrospective clinical data and in vivo and in vitro pre-clinical laboratory studies. In this review, we critically evaluate the evidence that metformin has cardioprotective actions and assess whether the clinical and pre-clinical evidence support the use of metformin to reduce the risk and treat AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Sarkar
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kareem Imad Fanous
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Isra Marei
- Department of Pharmacology & Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine- Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Pharmacology & Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine- Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Moncef Ladjimi
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ross MacDonald
- Health Sciences Library, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, and Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Todd J Anderson
- Department of Cardiac Sciences and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center & Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Chris R Triggle
- Department of Pharmacology & Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine- Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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19
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Kim SH, Leem YE, Park HE, Jeong HI, Lee J, Kang JS. The Extract of Gloiopeltis tenax Enhances Myogenesis and Alleviates Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6806. [PMID: 38928510 PMCID: PMC11203874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The decline in the function and mass of skeletal muscle during aging or other pathological conditions increases the incidence of aging-related secondary diseases, ultimately contributing to a decreased lifespan and quality of life. Much effort has been made to surmise the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy and develop tools for improving muscle function. Enhancing mitochondrial function is considered critical for increasing muscle function and health. This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of an aqueous extract of Gloiopeltis tenax (GTAE) on myogenesis and muscle atrophy caused by dexamethasone (DEX). The GTAE promoted myogenic differentiation, accompanied by an increase in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) expression and mitochondrial content in myoblast cell culture. In addition, the GTAE alleviated the DEX-mediated myotube atrophy that is attributable to the Akt-mediated inhibition of the Atrogin/MuRF1 pathway. Furthermore, an in vivo study using a DEX-induced muscle atrophy mouse model demonstrated the efficacy of GTAE in protecting muscles from atrophy and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function, even under conditions of atrophy. Taken together, this study suggests that the GTAE shows propitious potential as a nutraceutical for enhancing muscle function and preventing muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hyung Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (Y.-E.L.)
| | - Young-Eun Leem
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (Y.-E.L.)
| | - Hye Eun Park
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, Redone Technologies Co., Ltd., Jangseong-gun 57247, Republic of Korea; (H.E.P.); (H.-I.J.)
| | - Hae-In Jeong
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, Redone Technologies Co., Ltd., Jangseong-gun 57247, Republic of Korea; (H.E.P.); (H.-I.J.)
| | - Jihye Lee
- Laboratories of Marine New Drugs, Redone Technologies Co., Ltd., Jangseong-gun 57247, Republic of Korea; (H.E.P.); (H.-I.J.)
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.K.); (Y.-E.L.)
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20
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Laird M, Ku JC, Raiten J, Sriram S, Moore M, Li Y. Mitochondrial metabolism regulation and epigenetics in hypoxia. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1393232. [PMID: 38915781 PMCID: PMC11194441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1393232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex and dynamic interaction between cellular energy control and gene expression modulation is shown by the intersection between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics in hypoxic environments. Poor oxygen delivery to tissues, or hypoxia, is a basic physiological stressor that sets off a series of reactions in cells to adapt and endure oxygen-starved environments. Often called the "powerhouse of the cell," mitochondria are essential to cellular metabolism, especially regarding producing energy through oxidative phosphorylation. The cellular response to hypoxia entails a change in mitochondrial metabolism to improve survival, including epigenetic modifications that control gene expression without altering the underlying genome. By altering the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, cell survival, and metabolism, these epigenetic modifications help cells adapt to hypoxia. The sophisticated interplay between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics in hypoxia is highlighted by several important points, which have been summarized in the current article. Deciphering the relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics during hypoxia is essential to understanding the molecular processes that regulate cellular adaptation to reduced oxygen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Laird
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Ku
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jacob Raiten
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Sashwat Sriram
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Megan Moore
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Biomedical Engineering, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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21
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Yang K, Yang M, Shen Y, Kang L, Zhu X, Dong W, Lei X. Resveratrol Attenuates Hyperoxia Lung Injury in Neonatal Rats by Activating SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:1039-1049. [PMID: 35240708 DOI: 10.1055/a-1787-3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our previous study showed that resveratrol (Res) attenuates apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in alveolar epithelial cell injury induced by hyperoxia by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. In the present study, we investigated whether Res protects against hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats by activating SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. METHODS Naturally delivered neonatal rats were randomly divided into six groups: normoxia + normal saline, normoxia + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), normoxia + Res, hyperoxia + normal saline, hyperoxia + DMSO, and hyperoxia + Res. Lung tissue samples were collected on postnatal days 1, 7, and 14. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate lung development. Dual-immunofluorescence staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were used to evaluate the levels of silencing information regulator 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1), Nrf2, transcription factor A (TFAM) and citrate synthase, the number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondria, the integrity of mtDNA, and the expression of TFAM in mitochondria. RESULTS We found that hyperoxia insulted lung development, whereas Res attenuated the hyperoxia lung injury. Res significantly upregulated the levels of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Nrf1, Nrf2, TFAM, and citrate synthase; promoted TFAM expression in the mitochondria; and increased the copy number of ND1 and the ratio of ND4/ND1. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that Res attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats, and this was achieved, in part, by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway to promote mitochondrial biogenesis. KEY POINTS · Hyperoxia insulted lung development in neonatal rats.. · Resveratrol promoted mitochondrial biogenesis to attenuate hyperoxia lung injury in neonatal rats.. · Resveratrol, at least in part, promoted mitochondrial biogenesis by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway..
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, China
| | - Menghan Yang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, China
| | - Yunchuan Shen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, China
| | - Lan Kang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Dong
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Lei
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Perinatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, China
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22
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Polacchini G, Venerando A, Colitti M. Antioxidant and anti-ageing effects of oleuropein aglycone in canine skeletal muscle cells. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102369. [PMID: 38555794 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are normally produced in skeletal muscle. However, an imbalance in their regulatory systems can lead to their accumulation and ultimately to oxidative stress, which is one of the causes of the ageing process. Companion dogs share the same environment and lifestyle as humans, making them an excellent comparative model for the study of ageing, as well as they constitute a growing market for bioactive molecules that improve the quality of life of pets. The anti-ageing properties of oleuropein aglycone (OLE), a bioactive compound from olive leaves known for its antioxidant properties, were investigated in Myok9 canine muscle cell model. After incubation with OLE, senescence was induced in the canine cellular model by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Analyses were performed on cells after seven days of differentiation. The oxidative stress induced by H2O2 treatment on differentiated canine muscle cells led to a significant increase in ROS formation, which was reduced by OLE pretreatment alone or in combination with H2O2 by about 34% and 32%, respectively. Cells treated with H2O2 showed a 48% increase the area of senescent cells stained by SA-β-gal, while OLE significantly reduced the coloured area by 52%. OLE, alone or in combination with H2O2, showed a significant antioxidant activity, possibly through autophagy activation, as indicated by the expression of autophagic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Polacchini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Venerando
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Monica Colitti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Italy.
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He Q, Li P, Han L, Yang C, Jiang M, Wang Y, Han X, Cao Y, Liu X, Wu W. Revisiting airway epithelial dysfunction and mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the role of mitochondrial damage. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L754-L769. [PMID: 38625125 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00362.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to environmental hazards causes airway epithelial dysfunction, primarily impaired physical barriers, immune dysfunction, and repair or regeneration. Impairment of airway epithelial function subsequently leads to exaggerated airway inflammation and remodeling, the main features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mitochondrial damage has been identified as one of the mechanisms of airway abnormalities in COPD, which is closely related to airway inflammation and airflow limitation. In this review, we evaluate updated evidence for airway epithelial mitochondrial damage in COPD and focus on the role of mitochondrial damage in airway epithelial dysfunction. In addition, the possible mechanism of airway epithelial dysfunction mediated by mitochondrial damage is discussed in detail, and recent strategies related to airway epithelial-targeted mitochondrial therapy are summarized. Results have shown that dysregulation of mitochondrial quality and oxidative stress may lead to airway epithelial dysfunction in COPD. This may result from mitochondrial damage as a central organelle mediating abnormalities in cellular metabolism. Mitochondrial damage mediates procellular senescence effects due to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which effectively exacerbate different types of programmed cell death, participate in lipid metabolism abnormalities, and ultimately promote airway epithelial dysfunction and trigger COPD airway abnormalities. These can be prevented by targeting mitochondrial damage factors and mitochondrial transfer. Thus, because mitochondrial damage is involved in COPD progression as a central factor of homeostatic imbalance in airway epithelial cells, it may be a novel target for therapeutic intervention to restore airway epithelial integrity and function in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglan He
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijun Li
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Han
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiling Jiang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibing Wu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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24
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Fu Y, Tao L, Wang X, Wang B, Qin W, Song L. PGC-1α participates in regulating mitochondrial function in aged sarcopenia through effects on the Sestrin2-mediated mTORC1 pathway. Exp Gerontol 2024; 190:112428. [PMID: 38604253 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysregulation in skeletal myocytes is considered a major factor in aged sarcopenia. In this study, we aimed to study the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) on Sestrin2-mediated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in aged skeletal muscles. METHODS C2C12 myoblasts were stimulated by 50 μM 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC) to observe the changes of DNA damage, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), mitochondrial ROS and PGC-1α protein. The PGC-1α silence in the C2C12 cells was established by siRNA transfection. The levels of DNA damage, Δψm, mitochondrial ROS, Sestrin2 and p-S6K1/S6K1 proteins were observed after the PGC-1α silence in the C2C12 cells. Recombinant Sestrin2 treatment was used to observe the changes of DNA damage, Δψm, mitochondrial ROS and p-S6K1/S6K1 protein in the 7β-OHC-treated or PGC-1α siRNA-transfected C2C12 cells. Wild-type (WT) mice and muscle-specific PGC-1α conditional knockout (MKO) mice, including young and old, were used to analyse the effects of PGC-1α on muscle function and the levels of Sestrin2 and p-S6K1 in the white gastrocnemius muscles. Recombinant Sestrin2 was administrated to analyse its effects on muscle function in the old WT mice and old MKO mice. RESULTS 7β-OHC treatment induced DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and decrease of PGC-1α protein in the C2C12 cells. PGC-1α silence also induced DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in the C2C12 cells. Additionally, PGC-1α silence or 7β-OHC treatment decreased the levels of Sestrin2 and p-S6K1/S6K1 protein in the C2C12 cells. Recombinant Sestrin2 treatment significantly improved the DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in the 7β-OHC-treated or PGC-1α siRNA-transfected C2C12 cells. At the same age, muscle-specific PGC-1α deficiency aggravated aged sarcopenia and decreased the levels of Sestrin2 and p-S6K1 in the white gastrocnemius muscles when compared to the WT mice. Recombinant Sestrin2 treatment improved muscle function and increased p-S6K1 levels in the old two genotypes. CONCLUSION This research demonstrates that PGC-1α participates in regulating mitochondrial function in aged sarcopenia through effects on the Sestrin2-mediated mTORC1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Fu
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Rheumatology&Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Binyou Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Weilin Qin
- Department of Geriatrics, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'ning 810001, China.
| | - Lei Song
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China.
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Wu D, Zhang K, Guan K, Khan FA, Pandupuspitasari NS, Negara W, Sun F, Huang C. Future in the past: paternal reprogramming of offspring phenotype and the epigenetic mechanisms. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1685-1703. [PMID: 38460001 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03713-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
That certain preconceptual paternal exposures reprogram the developmental phenotypic plasticity in future generation(s) has conceptualized the "paternal programming of offspring health" hypothesis. This transgenerational effect is transmitted primarily through sperm epigenetic mechanisms-DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and associated RNA modifications, and histone modifications-and potentially through non-sperm-specific mechanisms-seminal plasma and circulating factors-that create 'imprinted' memory of ancestral information. The epigenetic landscape in sperm is highly responsive to environmental cues, due to, in part, the soma-to-germline communication mediated by epididymosomes. While human epidemiological studies and experimental animal studies have provided solid evidences in support of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, how ancestral information is memorized as epigenetic codes for germline transmission is poorly understood. Particular elusive is what the downstream effector pathways that decode those epigenetic codes into persistent phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the paternal reprogramming of offspring phenotype and the possible underlying epigenetic mechanisms. Cracking these epigenetic mechanisms will lead to a better appreciation of "Paternal Origins of Health and Disease" and guide innovation of intervention algorithms to achieve 'healthier' outcomes in future generations. All this will revolutionize our understanding of human disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Kaifeng Guan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Faheem Ahmed Khan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat, 10340, Indonesia
| | | | - Windu Negara
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat, 10340, Indonesia
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Chunjie Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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26
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Ruíz-Uribe M, Enríquez-Schmidt J, Monrroy-Uarac M, Mautner-Molina C, Kalazich-Rosales M, Muñoz M, Fuentes-Leal F, Cárcamo-Ibaceta C, Fazakerley DJ, Larance M, Ehrenfeld P, Martínez-Huenchullán S. Moderate-Intensity Constant and High-Intensity Interval Training Confer Differential Metabolic Benefits in Skeletal Muscle, White Adipose Tissue, and Liver of Candidates to Undergo Bariatric Surgery. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3273. [PMID: 38892984 PMCID: PMC11172953 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Bariatric surgery candidates require presurgical physical training, therefore, we compared the metabolic effects of a constant moderate-intensity training program (MICT) vs. a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in this population. Methods: Seventeen participants performed MICT (n = 9, intensity of 50% of heart rate reserve (HRR) and/or 4-5/10 subjective sensation of effort (SSE)) or HIIT (n = 8, 6 cycles of 2.5 min at 80% of the HRR and/or 7-8/10 of SSE, interspersed by 6 cycles of active rest at 20% of the FCR) for 10 sessions for 4 weeks. After training, tissue samples (skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver) were extracted, and protein levels of adiponectin, GLUT4, PGC1α, phospho-AMPK/AMPK, collagen 1 and TGFβ1 were measured. Results: Participants who performed MICT showed higher protein levels of PGC-1α in skeletal muscle samples (1.1 ± 0.27 vs. 0.7 ± 0.4-fold change, p < 0.05). In the liver samples of the people who performed HIIT, lower protein levels of phospho-AMPK/AMPK (1.0 ± 0.37 vs. 0.52 ± 0.22-fold change), PGC-1α (1.0 ± 0.18 vs. 0.69 ± 0.15-fold change), and collagen 1 (1.0 ± 0.26 vs. 0.59 ± 0.28-fold change) were observed (all p < 0.05). In subcutaneous adipose tissue, higher adiponectin levels were found only after HIIT training (1.1 ± 0.48 vs. 1.9 ± 0.69-fold change, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results show that both MICT and HIIT confer metabolic benefits in candidates undergoing bariatric surgery; however, most of these benefits have a program-specific fashion. Future studies should aim to elucidate the mechanisms behind these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías Ruíz-Uribe
- Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Function Laboratory–Neyün, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Javier Enríquez-Schmidt
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (J.E.-S.); (M.M.-U.)
- Physical Therapy Unit, Locomotor Apparatus and Rehabilitation Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Manuel Monrroy-Uarac
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (J.E.-S.); (M.M.-U.)
- Physical Therapy Unit, Locomotor Apparatus and Rehabilitation Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Camila Mautner-Molina
- Clínica Alemana de Valdivia, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.M.-M.); (M.K.-R.); (M.M.); (F.F.-L.); (C.C.-I.)
| | - Mariana Kalazich-Rosales
- Clínica Alemana de Valdivia, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.M.-M.); (M.K.-R.); (M.M.); (F.F.-L.); (C.C.-I.)
| | - Maximiliano Muñoz
- Clínica Alemana de Valdivia, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.M.-M.); (M.K.-R.); (M.M.); (F.F.-L.); (C.C.-I.)
| | - Francisca Fuentes-Leal
- Clínica Alemana de Valdivia, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.M.-M.); (M.K.-R.); (M.M.); (F.F.-L.); (C.C.-I.)
| | - Carlos Cárcamo-Ibaceta
- Clínica Alemana de Valdivia, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (C.M.-M.); (M.K.-R.); (M.M.); (F.F.-L.); (C.C.-I.)
- Surgery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Daniel J. Fazakerley
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK;
| | - Mark Larance
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Pamela Ehrenfeld
- Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Anatomy, Histology, and Pathology Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Sergio Martínez-Huenchullán
- Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Function Laboratory–Neyün, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Nephrology Division, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- School of Physical Therapy, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
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Wen X, Song Y, Zhang M, Kang Y, Chen D, Ma H, Nan F, Duan Y, Li J. Polyphenol Compound 18a Modulates UCP1-Dependent Thermogenesis to Counteract Obesity. Biomolecules 2024; 14:618. [PMID: 38927022 PMCID: PMC11201655 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies increasingly suggest that targeting brown/beige adipose tissues to enhance energy expenditure offers a novel therapeutic approach for treating metabolic diseases. Brown/beige adipocytes exhibit elevated expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which is a thermogenic protein that efficiently converts energy into heat, particularly in response to cold stimulation. Polyphenols possess potential anti-obesity properties, but their pharmacological effects are limited by their bioavailability and distribution within tissue. This study discovered 18a, a polyphenol compound with a favorable distribution within adipose tissues, which transcriptionally activates UCP1, thereby promoting thermogenesis and enhancing mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrated that 18a prevents high-fat-diet-induced weight gain and improves insulin sensitivity. Our research provides strong mechanistic evidence that UCP1 is a complex mediator of 18a-induced thermogenesis, which is a critical process in obesity mitigation. Brown adipose thermogenesis is triggered by 18a via the AMPK-PGC-1α pathway. As a result, our research highlights a thermogenic controlled polyphenol compound 18a and clarifies its underlying mechanisms, thus offering a potential strategy for the thermogenic targeting of adipose tissue to reduce the incidence of obesity and its related metabolic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Wen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yufei Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Yiping Kang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Dandan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Hui Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Fajun Nan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Yanan Duan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
| | - Jingya Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China (F.N.)
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Ding S, Li G, Fu T, Zhang T, Lu X, Li N, Geng Q. Ceramides and mitochondrial homeostasis. Cell Signal 2024; 117:111099. [PMID: 38360249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity arises from the accumulation of lipid intermediates in non-adipose tissue, precipitating cellular dysfunction and death. Ceramide, a toxic byproduct of excessive free fatty acids, has been widely recognized as a primary contributor to lipotoxicity, mediating various cellular processes such as apoptosis, differentiation, senescence, migration, and adhesion. As the hub of lipid metabolism, the excessive accumulation of ceramides inevitably imposes stress on the mitochondria, leading to the disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis, which is typified by adequate ATP production, regulated oxidative stress, an optimal quantity of mitochondria, and controlled mitochondrial quality. Consequently, this review aims to collate current knowledge and facts regarding the involvement of ceramides in mitochondrial energy metabolism and quality control, thereby providing insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Guorui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Tinglv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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Su YS, Cheng MJ, Kwan AL, Huang SP, Tyan YC, Chai CY, Huang B. The crude extract obtained from Cinnamomum macrostemon Hayata regulates oxidative stress and mitophagy in keratinocytes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:529-537. [PMID: 38509025 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Four ethanol fractionated crude extracts (EFCEs [A-D]) purified from the leaves of Cinnamomum macrostemon Hayata were screened for antioxidative effects and mitochondrial function in HaCaT cells. The higher cell viability indicated that EFCE C was mildly toxic. Under the treatment of 50 ng/mL EFCE C, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels were reduced as well as the H2O2-impaired cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP production, and mitochondrial mass. The conversion of globular mitochondria to tubular mitochondria is coincident with EFCE C-restored mitochondrial function. The mitophagy activator rapamycin showed similar effects to EFCE C in recovering the H2O2-impaired cell viability, MMP, ATP production, mitochondrial mass, and also mitophagic proteins such as PINK1, Parkin, LC3 II, and biogenesis protein PGC-1α. We thereby propose the application of EFCE C in the prevention of oxidative stress in skin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Shun Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Cheng
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Magrì A, Lipari CLR, Caccamo A, Battiato G, Conti Nibali S, De Pinto V, Guarino F, Messina A. AAV-mediated upregulation of VDAC1 rescues the mitochondrial respiration and sirtuins expression in a SOD1 mouse model of inherited ALS. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:178. [PMID: 38627359 PMCID: PMC11021507 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction represents one of the most common molecular hallmarks of both sporadic and familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the selective degeneration and death of motor neurons. The accumulation of misfolded proteins on and within mitochondria, as observed for SOD1 G93A mutant, correlates with a drastic reduction of mitochondrial respiration and the inhibition of metabolites exchanges, including ADP/ATP and NAD+/NADH, across the Voltage-Dependent Anion-selective Channel 1 (VDAC1), the most abundant channel protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane. Here, we show that the AAV-mediated upregulation of VDAC1 in the spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing SOD1 G93A completely rescues the mitochondrial respiratory profile. This correlates with the increased activity and levels of key regulators of mitochondrial functions and maintenance, namely the respiratory chain Complex I and the sirtuins (Sirt), especially Sirt3. Furthermore, the selective increase of these mitochondrial proteins is associated with an increase in Tom20 levels, the receptor subunit of the TOM complex. Overall, our results indicate that the overexpression of VDAC1 has beneficial effects on ALS-affected tissue by stabilizing the Complex I-Sirt3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Magrì
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
- we.MitoBiotech s.r.l., C.so Italia 172, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lucia Rita Lipari
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Caccamo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 32, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battiato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Conti Nibali
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Vito De Pinto
- we.MitoBiotech s.r.l., C.so Italia 172, 95125, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Guarino
- we.MitoBiotech s.r.l., C.so Italia 172, 95125, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Messina
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy.
- we.MitoBiotech s.r.l., C.so Italia 172, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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Cheslow L, Byrne M, Kopenhaver JS, Iacovitti L, Smeyne RJ, Snook AE, Waldman SA. GUCY2C signaling limits dopaminergic neuron vulnerability to toxic insults. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:83. [PMID: 38615030 PMCID: PMC11016112 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00697-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are central drivers of dopaminergic (DA) neuron death in Parkinson's disease (PD). Guanylyl cyclases and their second messenger cyclic (c)GMP support mitochondrial function, protecting against ROS and promoting cell survival in several tissues. However, the role of the guanylyl cyclase-cGMP axis in defining the vulnerability of DA neurons in the SNpc in PD remains unclear, in part due to the challenge of manipulating cGMP levels selectively in midbrain DA neurons. In that context, guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), a receptor primarily expressed by intestinal epithelial cells, was discovered recently in midbrain DA neurons. Here, we demonstrate that GUCY2C promotes mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress and protecting DA neurons from degeneration in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model. GUCY2C is overexpressed in the SNpc in PD patients and in mice treated with MPTP, possibly reflecting a protective response to oxidative stress. Moreover, cGMP signaling protects against oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, and cell death in cultured DA neurons. These observations reveal a previously unexpected role for the GUCY2C-cGMP signaling axis in controlling mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity in SNpc DA neurons, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting DA neuron GUCY2C to prevent neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cheslow
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Byrne
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica S Kopenhaver
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lorraine Iacovitti
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard J Smeyne
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Livshits G, Kalinkovich A. Restoration of epigenetic impairment in the skeletal muscle and chronic inflammation resolution as a therapeutic approach in sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102267. [PMID: 38462046 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, accompanied by severe adverse health outcomes, such as falls and fractures, functional decline, high health costs, and mortality. Hence, its prevention and treatment have become increasingly urgent. However, despite the wide prevalence and extensive research on sarcopenia, no FDA-approved disease-modifying drugs exist. This is probably due to a poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying its pathophysiology. Recent evidence demonstrate that sarcopenia development is characterized by two key elements: (i) epigenetic dysregulation of multiple molecular pathways associated with sarcopenia pathogenesis, such as protein remodeling, insulin resistance, mitochondria impairments, and (ii) the creation of a systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI). In this review, we focus on the epigenetic regulators that have been implicated in skeletal muscle deterioration, their individual roles, and possible crosstalk. We also discuss epidrugs, which are the pharmaceuticals with the potential to restore the epigenetic mechanisms deregulated in sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms underlying failed SCLGI resolution in sarcopenia and the potential application of pro-resolving molecules, comprising specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and their stable mimetics and receptor agonists. These compounds, as well as epidrugs, reveal beneficial effects in preclinical studies related to sarcopenia. Based on these encouraging observations, we propose the combination of epidrugs with SCLI-resolving agents as a new therapeutic approach for sarcopenia that can effectively attenuate of its manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel.
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel
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Wu AG, Yong YY, He CL, Li YP, Zhou XY, Yu L, Chen Q, Lan C, Liu J, Yu CL, Qin DL, Wu JM, Zhou XG. Novel 18-norspirostane steroidal saponins: Extending lifespan and mitigating neurodegeneration through promotion of mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 218:111901. [PMID: 38215997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Pharmacological strategies to delay aging and combat age-related diseases are increasingly promising. This study explores the anti-aging and therapeutic effects of two novel 18-norspirostane steroidal saponins from Trillium tschonoskii Maxim, namely deoxytrillenoside CA (DTCA) and epitrillenoside CA (ETCA), using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Both DTCA and ETCA significantly extended the lifespan of wild-type N2 worms and improved various age-related phenotypes, including muscle health, motility, pumping rate, and lipofuscin accumulation. Furthermore, these compounds exhibited notable alleviation of pathology associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD), such as the reduction of α-synuclein and poly40 aggregates, improvement in motor deficits, and mitigation of neuronal damage. Meanwhile, DTCA and ETCA improved the lifespan and healthspan of PD- and HD-like C. elegans models. Additionally, DTCA and ETCA enhanced the resilience of C. elegans against heat and oxidative stress challenges. Mechanistic studies elucidated that DTCA and ETCA induced mitophagy and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis in C. elegans, while genetic mutations or RNAi knockdown affecting mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis effectively eliminated their capacity to extend lifespan and reduce pathological protein aggregates. Together, these compelling findings highlight the potential of DTCA and ETCA as promising therapeutic interventions for delaying aging and preventing age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yong
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chang-Long He
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Ya-Ping Li
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xing-Yue Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Cai Lan
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chong-Lin Yu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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Kwon Y. YAP/TAZ as Molecular Targets in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Osteoporosis. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0306. [PMID: 38502585 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles and bones are closely connected anatomically and functionally. Age-related degeneration in these tissues is associated with physical disability in the elderly and significantly impacts their quality of life. Understanding the mechanisms of age-related musculoskeletal tissue degeneration is crucial for identifying molecular targets for therapeutic interventions for skeletal muscle atrophy and osteoporosis. The Hippo pathway is a recently identified signaling pathway that plays critical roles in development, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. The Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are key downstream effectors of the mammalian Hippo signaling pathway. This review highlights the fundamental roles of YAP and TAZ in the homeostatic maintenance and regeneration of skeletal muscles and bones. YAP/TAZ play a significant role in stem cell function by relaying various environmental signals to stem cells. Skeletal muscle atrophy and osteoporosis are related to stem cell dysfunction or senescence triggered by YAP/TAZ dysregulation resulting from reduced mechanosensing and mitochondrial function in stem cells. In contrast, the maintenance of YAP/TAZ activation can suppress stem cell senescence and tissue dysfunction and may be used as a basis for the development of potential therapeutic strategies. Thus, targeting YAP/TAZ holds significant therapeutic potential for alleviating age-related muscle and bone dysfunction and improving the quality of life in the elderly.
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35
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Mohanad M, Mohamed SK, Aboulhoda BE, Ahmed MAE. Neuroprotective effects of vitamin D in an Alzheimer's disease rat model: Improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction via calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 activation of Sirtuin1 phosphorylation. Biofactors 2024; 50:371-391. [PMID: 37801071 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. To assess the impact of vitamin D3 (Vit.D) on neurogenesis, we investigated its role in mitigating cognitive impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction through calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2)-mediated phosphorylation of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in an aluminum-chloride-D-galactose (AlCl3-D-gal)-induced AD rat model. Rats were distributed into four groups: control, AlCl3 + D-gal (10 + 60 mg/kg, ip), Vit.D (500 IU/kg, po), and AlCl3 + D-gal+Vit.D. Novel object recognition (NOR), Morris Water Maze, and passive avoidance (PA) tests were used to measure memory abilities. The hippocampal tissue was used to assess vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) and peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-γ-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), CAMKK2, p-SIRT1, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), dynamin-related-protein-1 (Drp1), and mitofusin-1 (Mnf1) proteins by western blot and Ca2+ levels, endothelial nitic oxide synthase (eNOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), amyloid beta (Aβ), and phospho tau (p-Tau) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in addition to histological and ultrastructural examination of rat's brain tissue. Vit.D-attenuated hippocampal injury reversed the cognitive decline and Aβ aggregation, and elevated p-Tau levels in the AlCl3 + D-gal-induced AD rat model. In AlCl3 + D-gal-exposed rats, Vit.D induced VDR expression, normalized Ca2+ levels, elevated CAMKK2, p-AMPK, p-SIRT1, and PGC-1α expression. Vit.D reduced Drp1, induced Mnf1, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, preserved mitochondrial structure, restored normal mitochondrial function, and retained normal eNOS level and SOD activity in AlCl3 + D-gal rats. In conclusion, our findings proved that Vit.D may ameliorate cognitive deficits in AlCl3 + D-gal-induced AD by restoring normal mitochondrial function and reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress via CAMKK2-AMPK/SIRT1 pathway upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mohanad
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
| | - Shimaa K Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma E Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Ghasemi A. Adipose organ dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: Role of nitric oxide. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116043. [PMID: 38325496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adipose organ, historically known as specialized lipid-handling tissue serving as the long-term fat depot, is now appreciated as the largest endocrine organ composed of two main compartments, i.e., subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (AT), madding up white and beige/brown adipocytes. Adipose organ dysfunction manifested as maldistribution of the compartments, hypertrophic, hypoxic, inflamed, and insulin-resistant AT, contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we highlight the role of nitric oxide (NO·) in AT (dys)function in relation to developing T2D. The key aspects determining lipid and glucose homeostasis in AT depend on the physiological levels of the NO· produced via endothelial NO· synthases (eNOS). In addition to decreased NO· bioavailability (via decreased expression/activity of eNOS or scavenging NO·), excessive NO· produced by inducible NOS (iNOS) in response to hypoxia and AT inflammation may be a critical interfering factor diverting NO· signaling to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, resulting in AT and whole-body metabolic dysfunction. Pharmacological approaches boosting AT-NO· availability at physiological levels (by increasing NO· production and its stability), as well as suppression of iNOS-NO· synthesis, are potential candidates for developing NO·-based therapeutics in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Jiao X, Liu J, Feng G, Luo X, Zhang M, Zhang B, Huang L, Long Q. A new direction in Chinese herbal medicine ameliorates for type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on the potential of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117484. [PMID: 38012971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes is a common chronic disease. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has a history of several thousand years in the treatment of diabetes, and active components with hypoglycemic effects extracted from various CHM, such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, terpenes, and steroidal saponins, have been widely used in the treatment of diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY Research exploring the potential of various CHM compounds to regulate the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature data were primarily obtained from authoritative databases such as PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and others within the last decade. The main keywords used include "type 2 diabetes mellitus", "Chinese medicine", "Chinese herbal medicine", "mitochondrial respiratory chain complex", and "mitochondrial dysfunction". RESULTS Chinese herbal medicine primarily regulates the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in various tissues such as liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islets, and small intestine. It improves cellular energy metabolism through hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and lipid-modulating effects. Different components of CHM can regulate the same mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, while the same components of a particular CHM can regulate different complex activities. The active components of CHM target different mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, regulate their aberrant changes and effectively improve T2DM and its complications. CONCLUSION Chinese herbal medicine can modulate the function of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in various cell types and exert their hypoglycemic effects through various mechanisms. CHM has significant therapeutic potential in regulating mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes to improve T2DM, but further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and conduct clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy of these medications. This provides new perspectives and opportunities for personalized improvement and innovative developments in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xinyue Jiao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianying Liu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xia Luo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Binzhi Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qinqiang Long
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Luo D, Tang X, Wang Y, Ying S, He Y, Lin H, Khoso PA, Li S. Selenium deficiency exacerbated Bisphenol A-induced intestinal toxicity in chickens: Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest mediated by ROS/P53. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169730. [PMID: 38160834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a phenolic organic synthetic compound that is used as the raw material of polycarbonate plastics, and its safety issues have recently attracted wide attention. Selenium (Se) deficiency has gradually developed into a global disease affecting intestinal function via oxidative stress and apoptosis. However, the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of BPA exposure and Se deficiency in the chicken intestines have not been studied. In this study, BPA exposure and/or Se deficiency models were established in vivo and in vitro to investigate the effects of Se deficiency and BPA on chicken jejunum. The results showed that BPA exposure and/or Se deficiency increased jejunum oxidative stress and DNA damage, activated P53 pathway, led to mitochondrial dysfunction, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Using protein-protein molecular docking, we found a strong binding ability between P53 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1, thereby regulating mitochondrial dysfunctional apoptosis. In addition, we used N-acetyl-L-cysteine and pifithrin-α for in vitro intervention and found that N-acetyl-L-cysteine and pifithrin-α intervention reversed the aforementioned adverse effects. This study clarified the potential mechanism by which Se deficiency exacerbates BPA induced intestinal injury in chickens through reactive oxygen species/P53, which provides a new idea for the study of environmental combined toxicity of Se deficiency, and insights into animal intestinal health from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliu Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shuqi Ying
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yujiao He
- Kekedala Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation of the Fourth Division of Xinjiang Construction Corps, Kekedala 831304, PR China
| | - Hongjin Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Pervez Ahmed Khoso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Shi S, Wang J, Gong H, Huang X, Mu B, Cheng X, Feng B, Jia L, Luo Q, Liu W, Chen Z, Huang C. PGC-1α-Coordinated Hypothalamic Antioxidant Defense Is Linked to SP1-LanCL1 Axis during High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 38397850 PMCID: PMC10885970 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity parallels hypothalamic inflammation and oxidative stress, but the correlations between them are not well-defined. Here, with mouse models targeting the antioxidant gene LanCL1 in the hypothalamus, we demonstrate that impaired hypothalamic antioxidant defense aggravates HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation and obesity progress, and these could be improved in mice with elevated hypothalamic antioxidant defense. We also show that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a critical transcriptional coactivator, is implicated in regulating hypothalamic LanCL1 transcription, in collaboration with SP1 through a direct interaction, in response to HFD-induced palmitic acid (PA) accumulation. According to our results, when exposed to HFD, mice undergo a process of overwhelming hypothalamic antioxidant defense; short-time HFD exposure induces ROS production to activate PGC-1α and elevate LanCL1-mediated antioxidant defense, while long-time exposure promotes ubiquitin-mediated PGC-1α degradation and suppresses LanCL1 expression. Our findings show the critical importance of the hypothalamic PGC-1α-SP1-LanCL1 axis in regulating HFD-induced obesity, and provide new insights describing the correlations of hypothalamic inflammation and oxidative stress during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shi
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jichen Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huan Gong
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.H.); (B.F.)
| | - Bin Mu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.H.); (B.F.)
| | - Lanlan Jia
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qihui Luo
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Disease Model, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.S.); (J.W.); (H.G.); (B.M.); (X.C.); (L.J.); (Q.L.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Hurtado KA, Schnellmann RG. Mitophagy regulates mitochondrial number following pharmacological induction of mitochondrial biogenesis in renal proximal tubule cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1344075. [PMID: 38375036 PMCID: PMC10875001 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1344075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) induction through the activation of the 5-Hydroxytriptamine (5-HT) 1F receptor (HTR1F) is a promising mechanism for the treatment of diseases characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, such as acute kidney injury (AKI). While several studies report pharmacological activation of MB in the proximal tubule, it is unclear how the proximal tubule regulates itself once the pharmacological activation is removed. Mitophagy is the process of selective mitochondria degradation. We hypothesize that mitophagy decreases mitochondrial number after pharmacological stimulation and restore mitochondrial homeostasis. Methods: Renal proximal tubules were treated at time 0hr with LY344864 or vehicle for 24 h and then removed. LY344864, a selective HTR1F agonist, induces MB in renal proximal tubules as previously reported (Gibbs et al., Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2018, 314(2), F260-F268). Vehicle and pharmacological reagents were added at the 24 h time point. Electron microscopy was used to assess mitochondrial morphology, number, and autolysosomes. Seahorse Bioscience XF-96 extracellular flux analyzer was used to measure maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (FCCP-OCR), a functional marker of MB. Results: LY344864 treatment increased FCCP-OCR, phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α), and mitochondrial number after 24 h. These endpoints decreased to baseline 24 h after LY344864 removal. Treatment with ROC-325, an autophagy inhibitor, increased Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/P62) and microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3 (LC3B) after 24 h of treatment. Also, ROC-325 treatment sustained the elevated mitochondrial number after LY344864 pre-treatment and removal. Conclusion: These data revealed that inhibition of autophagy extends elevated mitochondrial number and function by preventing the lysosomal degradation of mitochondria after the removal of LY344864.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Hurtado
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Rick G. Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Southwest Environmental Health Science Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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Wang Y, Wang B, Wang P, Hua Z, Zhang S, Wang X, Yang X, Zhang C. Review of neurotoxicity of T-2 toxin. Mycotoxin Res 2024; 40:85-95. [PMID: 38217761 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-024-00518-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a representative trichothecene that is widely detected in corn, wheat and other grain feeds. T-2 toxin has stable physical and chemical properties, making it difficult to remove from food and feed. Hence, T-2 toxin has become an unavoidable pollutant in food for humans and animals. T-2 toxin can enter brain tissue by crossing the blood-brain barrier and leads to congestion, swelling and even apoptosis of neurons. T-2 toxin poisoning can directly lead to clinical symptoms (anti-feeding reaction and decline of learning and memory function in humans and animals). Maternal T-2 toxin exposure also exerted toxic effects on the central nervous system of offspring. Oxidative stress is the core neurotoxicity mechanism underlying T-2 toxin poison. Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis, mitochondrial oxidative damage and inflammation are all involved in the neurotoxicity induced by T-2 toxin. Thus, alleviating oxidative stress has become a potential target for relieving the neurotoxicity induced by T-2 toxin. Future efforts should be devoted to revealing the neurotoxic molecular mechanism of T-2 toxin and exploring effective therapeutic drugs to alleviate T-2 toxin-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youshuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Peilin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zeao Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China.
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Rutecki S, Pakuła-Iwańska M, Leśniewska-Bocianowska A, Matuszewska J, Rychlewski D, Uruski P, Stryczyński Ł, Naumowicz E, Szubert S, Tykarski A, Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Książek K. Mechanisms of carboplatin- and paclitaxel-dependent induction of premature senescence and pro-cancerogenic conversion of normal peritoneal mesothelium and fibroblasts. J Pathol 2024; 262:198-211. [PMID: 37941520 DOI: 10.1002/path.6223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Carboplatin (CPT) and paclitaxel (PCT) are the optimal non-surgical treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Although their growth-restricting influence on EOC cells is well known, their impact on normal peritoneal cells, including mesothelium (PMCs) and fibroblasts (PFBs), is poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether, and if so, by what mechanism, CPT and PCT induce senescence of omental PMCs and PFBs. In addition, we tested whether PMC and PFB exposure to the drugs promotes the development of a pro-cancerogenic phenotype. The results showed that CPT and PCT induce G2/M growth arrest-associated senescence of normal peritoneal cells and that the strongest induction occurs when the drugs act together. PMCs senesce telomere-independently with an elevated p16 level and via activation of AKT and STAT3. In PFBs, telomeres shorten along with an induction of p21 and p53, and their senescence proceeds via the activation of ERK1/2. Oxidative stress in CPT + PCT-treated PMCs and PFBs is extensive and contributes causatively to their premature senescence. Both PMCs and PFBs exposed to CPT + PCT fuel the proliferation, migration, and invasion of established (A2780, OVCAR-3, SKOV-3) and primary EOCs, and this activity is linked with an overproduction of multiple cytokines altering the cancer cell transcriptome and controlled by p38 MAPK, NF-κB, STAT3, Notch1, and JAK1. Collectively, our findings indicate that CPT and PCT lead to iatrogenic senescence of normal peritoneal cells, which paradoxically and opposing therapeutic needs alters their phenotype towards pro-cancerogenic. It cannot be excluded that these adverse outcomes of chemotherapy may contribute to EOC relapse in the case of incomplete tumor eradication and residual disease initiation. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Rutecki
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences Doctoral School, Poznań, Poland
| | | | | | - Julia Matuszewska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Daniel Rychlewski
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stryczyński
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Eryk Naumowicz
- General Surgery Ward, Medical Centre HCP, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Szubert
- Department of Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Yang S, Jing S, Wang S, Jia F. From drugs to biomaterials: a review of emerging therapeutic strategies for intervertebral disc inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1303645. [PMID: 38352058 PMCID: PMC10861683 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1303645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic low back pain (LBP) is an increasingly prevalent issue, especially among aging populations. A major underlying cause of LBP is intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), often triggered by intervertebral disc (IVD) inflammation. Inflammation of the IVD is divided into Septic and Aseptic inflammation. Conservative therapy and surgical treatment often fail to address the root cause of IDD. Recent advances in the treatment of IVD infection and inflammation range from antibiotics and small-molecule drugs to cellular therapies, biological agents, and innovative biomaterials. This review sheds light on the complex mechanisms of IVD inflammation and physiological and biochemical processes of IDD. Furthermore, it provides an overview of recent research developments in this area, intending to identify novel therapeutic targets and guide future clinical strategies for effectively treating IVD-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shaoze Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shanxi Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fajing Jia
- Department of General Practice, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Mok J, Park JH, Yeom SC, Park J. PROKR1-CREB-NR4A2 axis for oxidative muscle fiber specification and improvement of metabolic function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2308960121. [PMID: 38232288 PMCID: PMC10823220 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308960121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are characterized by an imbalance in muscle fiber composition, and a potential therapeutic approach involves increasing the proportion of oxidative muscle fibers. Prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays a role in various metabolic functions, but its specific involvement in oxidative fiber specification is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the functions of PROKR1 in muscle development to address metabolic disorders and muscular diseases. A meta-analysis revealed that the activation of PROKR1 upregulated exercise-responsive genes, particularly nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (NR4A2). Further investigations using ChIP-PCR, luciferase assays, and pharmacological interventions demonstrated that PROKR1 signaling enhanced NR4A2 expression by Gs-mediated phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) in both mouse and human myotubes. Genetic and pharmacological interventions showed that the PROKR1-NR4A2 axis promotes the specification of oxidative muscle fibers in both myocytes by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic function. Prokr1-deficient mice displayed unfavorable metabolic phenotypes, such as lower lean mass, enlarged muscle fibers, impaired glucose, and insulin tolerance. These mice also exhibited reduced energy expenditure and exercise performance. The deletion of Prokr1 resulted in decreased oxidative muscle fiber composition and reduced activity in the Prokr1-CREB-Nr4a2 pathway, which were restored by AAV-mediated Prokr1 rescue. In summary, our findings highlight the activation of the PROKR1-CREB-NR4A2 axis as a mechanism for increasing the oxidative muscle fiber composition, which positively impacts overall metabolic function. This study lays an important scientific foundation for the development of effective muscular-metabolic therapeutics with unique mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongsoo Mok
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, 25354
| | - Jeong Hwan Park
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Pyeongchang, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea, 25354
| | - Su Chong Yeom
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, 25354
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Pyeongchang, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea, 25354
| | - Joonghoon Park
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, 25354
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Pyeongchang, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea, 25354
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Heo JW, Lee HE, Lee J, Choi LS, Shin J, Mun JY, Park HS, Park SC, Nam CH. Vutiglabridin Alleviates Cellular Senescence with Metabolic Regulation and Circadian Clock in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:109. [PMID: 38247533 PMCID: PMC10812742 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of cellular senescence, which is characterized by stable cell cycle arrest, is strongly associated with dysfunctional cellular metabolism and circadian rhythmicity, both of which are reported to result from and also be causal to cellular senescence. As a result, modifying any of them-senescence, metabolism, or the circadian clock-may affect all three simultaneously. Obesity accelerates aging by disrupting the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via an increased mitochondrial burden of fatty acid oxidation. As a result, if senescence, metabolism, and circadian rhythm are all linked, anti-obesity treatments may improve metabolic regulation while also alleviating senescence and circadian rhythm. Vutiglabridin is a small molecule in clinical trials that improves obesity by enhancing mitochondrial function. We found that chronic treatment of senescent primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) with vutiglabridin alleviates all investigated markers of cellular senescence (SA-β-gal, CDKN1A, CDKN2A) and dysfunctional cellular circadian rhythm (BMAL1) while remarkably preventing the alterations of mitochondrial function and structure that occur during the process of cellular senescence. Our results demonstrate the significant senescence-alleviating effects of vutiglabridin, specifically with the restoration of cellular circadian rhythmicity and metabolic regulation. These data support the potential development of vutiglabridin against aging-associated diseases and corroborate the intricate link between cellular senescence, metabolism, and the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woong Heo
- School of Undergraduate Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, College of Transdisciplinary Studies, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.H.); (J.L.)
- Aging and Immunity Laboratory, Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Lee
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jimin Lee
- School of Undergraduate Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, College of Transdisciplinary Studies, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Leo Sungwong Choi
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon 16675, Republic of Korea; (L.S.C.); (J.S.); (H.-S.P.)
| | - Jaejin Shin
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon 16675, Republic of Korea; (L.S.C.); (J.S.); (H.-S.P.)
| | - Ji-Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyung-Soon Park
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon 16675, Republic of Korea; (L.S.C.); (J.S.); (H.-S.P.)
| | - Sang-Chul Park
- Future Life and Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang-Hoon Nam
- Aging and Immunity Laboratory, Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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Wei RM, Zhang YM, Zhang KX, Liu GX, Li XY, Zhang JY, Lun WZ, Liu XC, Chen GH. An enriched environment ameliorates maternal sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment in aged mice by improving mitochondrial function via the Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1128-1144. [PMID: 38231482 PMCID: PMC10866428 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life stress can cause cognitive impairment in aged offspring. Environmental enrichment (EE) is considered to be an effective non-pharmacological treatment for improving cognitive decline. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of EE, on cognitive impairment in aged offspring induced by maternal sleep deprivation (MSD) and the underlying mechanisms involved to investigate its potential value in clinical practice. METHODS CD-1 damns were subjected or not to sleep deprivation during late gestation. Twenty-one days after birth, the offspring were assigned to standard or EE cages. At 18 months-old, the learning and memory function of the offspring mice was evaluated using Morris water maze. The hippocampal and prefrontal cortical levels of protein, gene, proinflammation cytokines, and oxidative stress indicators was examined by Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and biochemical assays. RESULTS Offspring in MSD group exhibited declined learning and memory abilities compared with control animals. Moreover, the hippocampal and prefrontal cortical levels of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), postsynaptic density protein-95, and synaptophysin were lower and those of proinflammation cytokines higher in the MSD group; meanwhile, the superoxide dismutase content was higher and the malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species contents were lower. However, these deleterious changes were ameliorated by exposure to EE. CONCLUSIONS EE attenuates MSD-induced cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation and reverses the reduction in synaptic protein levels in aged offspring mice via the Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Meng Wei
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
| | - Yue-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
| | - Kai-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
| | - Gao-Xia Liu
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
| | - Xue-Yan Li
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
| | - Jing-Ya Zhang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
| | - Wei-Zhong Lun
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
| | - Xue-Chun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Gui-Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238001, Anhui, China
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Shang X, Hao X, Hou W, Liu J, Chi R, Deng X, Pan C, Xu T. Exercise-induced modulation of myokine irisin on muscle-bone unit in the rat model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:49. [PMID: 38195597 PMCID: PMC10777589 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is a subtype of osteoarthritis (OA). Exercise may produce and release the myokine irisin through muscle fiber contraction. However, the effect of exercise-promoted irisin production on the internal interactions of the muscle-bone unit in PTOA studies remains unclear. METHODS Eighteen 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham/sedentary (Sham/Sed), PTOA/sedentary (PTOA/Sed), and PTOA/treadmill-walking (PTOA/TW). The PTOA model was established by transection of anterior cruciate ligament (ACLT) and destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM). After 4 weeks of modeling, the PTOA/TW group underwent treadmill exercise (15 m/min, 30 min/d, 5 d/ week, 8 weeks), and the other two groups were free to move in the cage. Evaluation and correlation analysis of muscle, cartilage, subchondral bone and serological indexes were performed after euthanasia. RESULTS Eight weeks of treadmill exercise effectively alleviated the trauma-induced OA phenotype, thereby maintaining cartilage and subchondral bone integrity in PTOA, and reducing quadriceps atrophy and myofibril degradation. Exercise reversed the down-regulated expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and fibronectin type III structural domain protein 5 (FNDC5) in muscle tissue of PTOA rats, and increased the blood irisin level, and the irisin level was positively correlated with the expression of PGC-1α and FNDC5. In addition, correlation analysis showed that irisin metabolism level was strongly negatively correlated with Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) and subchondral bone loss, indicating that irisin may be involved in cartilage biology and PTOA-related changes in cartilage and subchondral bone. Moreover, the metabolic level of irisin was strongly negatively correlated with muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), Atrogin-1 and muscle ring-finger protein-1(MuRF-1) expression, suggesting that irisin may alleviate muscle atrophy through autocrine action. CONCLUSION Treadmill exercise can alleviate the atrophy and degeneration of muscle fibers in PTOA rats, reduce the degradation of muscle fibrin, promote the expression of serum irisin, and alleviate the degeneration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone loss in PTOA rats. These results indicate that treadmill exercise can affect the process of PTOA by promoting the expression of myokine irisin in rat muscle-bone unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingru Shang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoxia Hao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjie Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ruimin Chi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofeng Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chunran Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Mirra S, Marfany G. From Beach to the Bedside: Harnessing Mitochondrial Function in Human Diseases Using New Marine-Derived Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:834. [PMID: 38255908 PMCID: PMC10815353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles within eukaryotic cells that act as cellular power houses owing to their ability to efficiently generate the ATP required to sustain normal cell function. Also, they represent a "hub" for the regulation of a plethora of processes, including cellular homeostasis, metabolism, the defense against oxidative stress, and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are associated with a wide range of human diseases with complex pathologies, including metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Therefore, regulating dysfunctional mitochondria represents a pivotal therapeutic opportunity in biomedicine. Marine ecosystems are biologically very diversified and harbor a broad range of organisms, providing both novel bioactive substances and molecules with meaningful biomedical and pharmacological applications. Recently, many mitochondria-targeting marine-derived molecules have been described to regulate mitochondrial biology, thus exerting therapeutic effects by inhibiting mitochondrial abnormalities, both in vitro and in vivo, through different mechanisms of action. Here, we review different strategies that are derived from marine organisms which modulate specific mitochondrial processes or mitochondrial molecular pathways and ultimately aim to find key molecules to treat a wide range of human diseases characterized by impaired mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Mirra
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Departament of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB, IBUB-IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Chiang CH, Lin YH, Kao YC, Weng SC, Chen CM, Liou YM. Mechanistic study of the Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 in regulating mesenchymal stem cell fate decision toward adipogenesis and osteogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 336:122336. [PMID: 38092142 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Akr1A1 is a glycolytic enzyme catalyzing the reduction of aldehyde to alcohol. This study aims to delineate the role of Akr1A1 in regulating the adipo-osteogenic lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MAIN METHODS MSCs derived from human bone marrow and Wharton Jelly together with gain- and loss-of-function analysis as well as supplementation with the S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) inhibitor N6022 were used to study the function of Akr1A1 in controlling MSC lineage differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes. KEY FINDINGS Akr1A1 expression, PKM2 activity, and lactate production were found to be decreased in osteoblast-committed MSCs, but PGC-1α increased to induce mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Increased Akr1A1 inhibited the SIRT1-dependent pathway for decreasing the expressions of PGC-1α and TAZ but increasing PPAR γ in adipocyte-committed MSCs, hence promoting glycolysis in adipogenesis. In contrast, Akr1A1 expression, PKM2 activity and lactate production were all increased in adipocyte-differentiated cells with decreased PGC-1α for switching energy utilization to glycolytic metabolism. Reduced Akr1A1 expression in osteoblast-committed cells relieves its inhibition of SIRT1-mediated activation of PGC-1α and TAZ for facilitating osteogenesis and mitochondrial metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE Several metabolism-involved regulators including Akr1A1, SIRT1, PPARγ, PGC-1α and TAZ were differentially expressed in osteoblast- and adipocyte-committed MSCs. More importantly, Akr1A1 was identified as a new key regulator for controlling the MSC lineage commitment in favor of adipogenesis but detrimental to osteogenesis. Such information should be useful to develop perspective new therapeutic agents to reverse the adipo-osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, in a way to increase in osteogenesis but decrease in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hao Chiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cuieh Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Chun Weng
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Liou
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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50
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Jinawong K, Piamsiri C, Apaijai N, Maneechote C, Arunsak B, Nawara W, Thonusin C, Pintana H, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Modulating Mitochondrial Dynamics Mitigates Cognitive Impairment in Rats with Myocardial Infarction. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1749-1760. [PMID: 38362882 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666240131114913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated that oxidative stress and brain mitochondrial dysfunction are key mediators of brain pathology during myocardial infarction (MI). OBJECTIVE To investigate the beneficial effects of mitochondrial dynamic modulators, including mitochondrial fission inhibitor (Mdivi-1) and mitochondrial fusion promotor (M1), on cognitive function and molecular signaling in the brain of MI rats in comparison with the effect of enalapril. METHODS Male rats were assigned to either sham or MI operation. In the MI group, rats with an ejection Fraction less than 50% were included, and then they received one of the following treatments for 5 weeks: vehicle, enalapril, Mdivi-1, or M1. Cognitive function was tested, and the brains were used for molecular study. RESULTS MI rats exhibited cardiac dysfunction with systemic oxidative stress. Cognitive impairment was found in MI rats, along with dendritic spine loss, blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, brain mitochondrial dysfunction, and decreased mitochondrial and increased glycolysis metabolism, without the alteration of APP, BACE-1, Tau and p-Tau proteins. Treatment with Mdivi-1, M1, and enalapril equally improved cognitive function in MI rats. All treatments decreased dendritic spine loss, brain mitochondrial oxidative stress, and restored mitochondrial metabolism. Brain mitochondrial fusion was recovered only in the Mdivi-1-treated group. CONCLUSION Mitochondrial dynamics modulators improved cognitive function in MI rats through a reduction of systemic oxidative stress and brain mitochondrial dysfunction and the enhancement of mitochondrial metabolism. In addition, this mitochondrial fission inhibitor increased mitochondrial fusion in MI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewarin Jinawong
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chanon Piamsiri
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayodom Maneechote
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chanisa Thonusin
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Hiranya Pintana
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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