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Zhao C, Cui X, Yu X, Ning X, Yu H, Li J, Yang B, Pan Y, Jiang L. Molecular evolution and functional diversification of metal tolerance protein families in cereals plants and function of maize MTP protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133071. [PMID: 38871096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Plants employ metal tolerance proteins (MTPs) to confer tolerance by sequestering excess ions into vacuoles. MTPs belong to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family, which facilitates the transport of divalent transition metal cations. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the MTP gene families across 21 plant species, including maize (Zea mays). A total of 247 MTP genes were identified within these plant genomes and categorized into distinct subgroups, namely Zn-CDF, Mn-CDF, and Fe/Zn-CDF, based on phylogenetic analyses. This investigation encompassed the characterization of genomic distribution, gene structures, cis-regulatory elements, collinearity relationships, and gene ontology functions associated with MTPs. Transcriptomic analyses unveiled stress-specific expression patterns of MTP genes under various abiotic stresses. Moreover, quantitative RT-PCR assays were employed to assess maize MTP gene responses to diverse heavy metal stress conditions. Functional validation of metal tolerance roles was achieved through heterologous expression in yeast. This integrated evolutionary scrutiny of MTP families in cereals furnishes a valuable framework for the elucidation of MTP functions in subsequent studies. Notably, the prioritized MTP gene ZmMTP6 emerged as a positive regulator of plant Cd tolerance, thereby offering a pivotal genetic asset for the development of Cd-tolerant crops, particularly maize cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China; Beidahuang Kenfeng Seed Co., Ltd, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
| | - Xueyu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Xilin Ning
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Baiming Yang
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Yexing Pan
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Long Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin Province, PR China.
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Zunaidi AA, Lim LH, Metali F. Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in the Brassica species ( Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis and Brassica rapa L.): A pot experiment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29528. [PMID: 38655289 PMCID: PMC11036052 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study delves into the heavy metal tolerance and accumulation capabilities of Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis (B. chinensis) and Brassica rapa L. (B. rapa) in a pot experiment, specifically focusing on cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb). Agricultural topsoils were spiked with varying concentrations of these heavy metals (0 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, 225 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) for each element. The experiment involved cultivating 15 pots each of B. chinensis and B. rapa over 60 days. Results indicated that both Brassica species experienced delayed germination, with B. chinensis exhibiting a significant drop in germination percentage to 53 % at the highest concentration (300 mg/kg), while B. rapa showed a tendency for an increased germination percentage of up to 80 % at elevated metal concentrations; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Both B. chinensis and B. rapa demonstrated a stable decline in growth rate from 0.05 cm/day to 0.04 cm/day with increasing heavy metal concentrations, and the he reduction in relative growth rate was significant at the highest concentration compared to the control. The stress tolerance index revealed a significant decrease in plant heights for B. chinensis, in contrast to the stable performance of B. rapa, showcasing the tolerance of B. rapa to toxic conditions. Despite insignificant differences in fresh biomass due to metal treatments, B. chinensis consistently yielded higher biomass, yet it had a lower edible index due to its higher root biomass. Leaf areas increased significantly in both species at higher soil treatments, while root lengths remained unchanged, suggesting their resilience to elevated heavy metal concentrations. Analysis of plant tissues (leaves, stems and roots) using ICP-OES revealed that B. rapa accumulated the highest Cd concentration (864 mg/kg), whereas B. chinensis accumulated the highest Pb concentration (953 mg/kg) in root parts. Both species significantly accumulated Cr in roots, demonstrating a sequestration mechanism. These findings suggest that both species, particularly, B. rapa possess strong tolerance and accumulation capabilities for non-essential heavy metals, making them potential hyperaccumulators for green remediation techniques in toxic soil environments. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving these responses and validating phytoremediation potential in real-world scenarios is essential for developing sustainable soil management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adzrin Asikin Zunaidi
- Chemical Sciences Programme, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Lee Hoon Lim
- Chemical Sciences Programme, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Faizah Metali
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
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Zhang J, Sun K, Wang Y, Qian W, Sun L, Shen J, Ding Z, Fan K. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the molecular mechanism of amino acid transport between source and sink during tea shoot development. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:28. [PMID: 38177567 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03110-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The weighted gene co-expression network analysis and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated transient gene silencing revealed that CsAAP6 plays an important role in amino acid transport during tea shoot development. Nitrogen transport from source to sink is crucial for tea shoot growth and quality formation. Amino acid represents the major transport form of reduced nitrogen in the phloem between source and sink, but the molecular mechanism of amino acid transport from source leaves to new shoots is not yet clear. Therefore, the composition of metabolites in phloem exudates collected by the EDTA-facilitated method was analyzed through widely targeted metabolomics. A total of 326 metabolites were identified in the phloem exudates with the richest variety of amino acids and their derivatives (93), accounting for approximately 39.13% of the total metabolites. Moreover, through targeted metabolomics, it was found that the content of glutamine, glutamic acid, and theanine was the most abundant, and gradually increased with the development of new shoots. Meanwhile, transcriptome analysis suggested that the expression of amino acid transport genes changed significantly. The WGCNA analysis identified that the expression levels of CsAVT1, CsLHTL8, and CsAAP6 genes located in the MEterquoise module were positively correlated with the content of amino acids such as glutamine, glutamic acid, and theanine in phloem exudates. Reducing the CsAAP6 in mature leaves resulted in a significant decrease in the content of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine, leucine, asparagine, glutamine, and arginine in the phloem exudates, indicating that CsAAP6 played an important role in the source to sink transport of amino acids in the phloem. The research results will provide the theoretical basis and genetic resources for the improvement of nitrogen use efficiency and tea quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Kangwei Sun
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjun Qian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Litao Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Jiazhi Shen
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaotang Ding
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Fan
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China.
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Mao Z, Wang Y, Li M, Zhang S, Zhao Z, Xu Q, Liu JH, Li C. Vacuolar proteomic analysis reveals tonoplast transporters for accumulation of citric acid and sugar in citrus fruit. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad249. [PMID: 38288255 PMCID: PMC10822839 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Vacuole largely dictates the fruit taste and flavor, as most of the sugars and organic acids are stored in the vacuoles of the fruit. However, difficulties associated with vacuole separation severely hinder identification and characterization of vacuolar proteins in fruit species. In this study, we established an effective approach for separating vacuoles and successfully purified vacuolar protein from six types of citrus fruit with varying patterns of sugar and organic acid contents. By using label-free LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis, 1443 core proteins were found to be associated with the essential functions of vacuole in citrus fruit. Correlation analysis of metabolite concentration with proteomic data revealed a transporter system for the accumulation of organic acid and soluble sugars in citrus. Furthermore, we characterized the physiological roles of selected key tonoplast transporters, ABCG15, Dict2.1, TMT2, and STP7 in the accumulation of citric acid and sugars. These findings provide a novel perspective and practical solution for investigating the transporters underlying the formation of citrus taste and flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolin Mao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengdi Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuhang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zeqi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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5
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Yao L, Wu X, Jiang X, Shan M, Zhang Z, Li Y, Yang A, Li Y, Yang C. Subcellular compartmentalization in the biosynthesis and engineering of plant natural products. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108258. [PMID: 37722606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant natural products (PNPs) are specialized metabolites with diverse bioactivities. They are extensively used in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and food industries. PNPs are synthesized in plant cells by enzymes that are distributed in different subcellular compartments with unique microenvironments, such as ions, co-factors and substrates. Plant metabolic engineering is an emerging and promising approach for the sustainable production of PNPs, for which the knowledge of the subcellular compartmentalization of their biosynthesis is instrumental. In this review we describe the state of the art on the role of subcellular compartments in the biosynthesis of major types of PNPs, including terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and glucosinolates, and highlight the efforts to target biosynthetic pathways to subcellular compartments in plants. In addition, we will discuss the challenges and strategies in the field of plant synthetic biology and subcellular engineering. We expect that newly developed methods and tools, together with the knowledge gained from the microbial chassis, will greatly advance plant metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yao
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Xiuming Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Muhammad Shan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Zhuoxiang Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Yu Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Changqing Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China.
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Gwon S, Park J, Huque AM, Cheung LS. The Arabidopsis SWEET1 and SWEET2 uniporters recognize similar substrates while differing in subcellular localization. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105389. [PMID: 37890779 PMCID: PMC10694572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEETs) are central for sugar allocation in plants. The SWEET family has approximately 20 homologs in most plant genomes, and despite extensive research on their structures and molecular functions, it is still unclear how diverse SWEETs recognize different substrates. Previous work using SweetTrac1, a biosensor constructed by the intramolecular fusion of a conformation-sensitive fluorescent protein in the plasma membrane transporter SWEET1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, identified common features in the transporter's substrates. Here, we report SweetTrac2, a new biosensor based on the Arabidopsis vacuole membrane transporter SWEET2, and use it to explore the substrate specificity of this second protein. Our results show that SWEET1 and SWEET2 recognize similar substrates but some with different affinities. Sequence comparison and mutagenesis analysis support the conclusion that the differences in affinity depend on nonspecific interactions involving previously uncharacterized residues in the substrate-binding pocket. Furthermore, SweetTrac2 can be an effective tool for monitoring sugar transport at vacuolar membranes that would be otherwise challenging to study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojeong Gwon
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jihyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Akm Mahmudul Huque
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lily S Cheung
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Khan A, Cheng J, Kitashova A, Fürtauer L, Nägele T, Picco C, Scholz-Starke J, Keller I, Neuhaus HE, Pommerrenig B. Vacuolar sugar transporter EARLY RESPONSE TO DEHYDRATION6-LIKE4 affects fructose signaling and plant growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2141-2163. [PMID: 37427783 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of intracellular sugar homeostasis is maintained by regulation of activities of sugar import and export proteins residing at the tonoplast. We show here that the EARLY RESPONSE TO DEHYDRATION6-LIKE4 (ERDL4) protein, a member of the monosaccharide transporter family, resides in the vacuolar membrane in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Gene expression and subcellular fractionation studies indicated that ERDL4 participates in fructose allocation across the tonoplast. Overexpression of ERDL4 increased total sugar levels in leaves due to a concomitantly induced stimulation of TONOPLAST SUGAR TRANSPORTER 2 (TST2) expression, coding for the major vacuolar sugar loader. This conclusion is supported by the finding that tst1-2 knockout lines overexpressing ERDL4 lack increased cellular sugar levels. ERDL4 activity contributing to the coordination of cellular sugar homeostasis is also indicated by 2 further observations. First, ERDL4 and TST genes exhibit an opposite regulation during a diurnal rhythm, and second, the ERDL4 gene is markedly expressed during cold acclimation, representing a situation in which TST activity needs to be upregulated. Moreover, ERDL4-overexpressing plants show larger rosettes and roots, a delayed flowering time, and increased total seed yield. Consistently, erdl4 knockout plants show impaired cold acclimation and freezing tolerance along with reduced plant biomass. In summary, we show that modification of cytosolic fructose levels influences plant organ development and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azkia Khan
- Plant Physiology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 22, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jintao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Anastasia Kitashova
- Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität München, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Lisa Fürtauer
- Institute for Biology III, Unit of Plant Molecular Systems Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Nägele
- Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität München, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Cristiana Picco
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via De Marini 6, I-16149 Genova, Italy
| | - Joachim Scholz-Starke
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via De Marini 6, I-16149 Genova, Italy
| | - Isabel Keller
- Plant Physiology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 22, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 22, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Plant Physiology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 22, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Carrillo K, Martínez M, Ramírez L, Argüello D, Chavez E. Cadmium (Cd) distribution and soil-plant relationship in cacao farms in Costa Rica. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1209. [PMID: 37707612 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The current cadmium (Cd) regulations in chocolate threaten the cacao supply chain in several Latin American countries. The factors contributing to Cd accumulation in cacao beans have been poorly studied in Central America. The objective of this research was to identify the location of Cd hotspots as well as soil properties and management practices influencing the Cd concentration in cacao beans. A survey was carried out and soil, leaf, and beans were sampled from 150 farms in the three principal cacao-producing regions in Costa Rica. Total soil Cd concentration ranged from <0.1 to 1.05 (average 0.22 mg kg-1) which is typical of uncontaminated soils. Bean Cd concentration ranged from 0.12 to 3.23 (average 0.56 mg kg-1) and 22% of the samples exceeded the selected threshold of 0.80 mg kg-1, located mostly in the Huetar Caribe and Huetar Norte regions. Variability in bean Cd concentration was better explained by total soil Cd and soil organic carbon (SOC) (R2 = 0.62, p < 0.05). In addition, bean Cd concentration was affected by leaf nutrient content and management practices. Leaf Zn and P were positively correlated with bean Cd while K and Mn were negatively correlated (p < 0.05). Farm altitude and orchard age were also negatively correlated with bean Cd. Overall, this study shows that bean Cd contamination does not reach the extent observed in other Latin American countries such as Ecuador, Colombia, or Honduras. Nevertheless, research is needed in hotspot areas to assess the feasibility of potential mitigation strategies, particularly the use of mineral or organic soil amendments, which may allow better for planning in existing plantations or the expansion into new cacao-growing areas in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Carrillo
- Instituto Nacional de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnología Agropecuaria, INTA, P.O Box 382-1007, San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Mariela Martínez
- Instituto Nacional de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnología Agropecuaria, INTA, P.O Box 382-1007, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Laura Ramírez
- Instituto Nacional de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnología Agropecuaria, INTA, P.O Box 382-1007, San José, Costa Rica
| | - David Argüello
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Eduardo Chavez
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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9
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Ning M, Liu SJ, Deng F, Huang L, Li H, Che J, Yamaji N, Hu F, Lei GJ. A vacuolar transporter plays important roles in zinc and cadmium accumulation in rice grain. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37366232 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain is a poor dietary source of zinc (Zn) but the primary source of cadmium (Cd) for humans; however, the molecular mechanisms for their accumulation in rice grain remain incompletely understood. This study functionally characterized a tonoplast-localized transporter, OsMTP1. OsMTP1 was preferentially expressed in the roots, aleurone layer, and embryo of seeds. OsMTP1 knockout decreased Zn concentration in the root cell sap, roots, aleurone layer and embryo, and subsequently increased Zn concentration in shoots and polished rice (endosperm) without yield penalty. OsMTP1 haplotype analysis revealed elite alleles associated with increased Zn level in polished rice, mostly because of the decreased OsMTP1 transcripts. OsMTP1 expression in yeast enhanced Zn tolerance but did not affect that of Cd. While OsMTP1 knockout resulted in decreased uptake, translocation and accumulation of Cd in plant and rice grain, which could be attributed to the indirect effects of altered Zn accumulation. Our results suggest that rice OsMTP1 primarily functions as a tonoplast-localized transporter for sequestrating Zn into vacuole. OsMTP1 knockout elevated Zn concentration but prevented Cd deposition in polished rice without yield penalty. Thus, OsMTP1 is a candidate gene for enhancing Zn level and reducing Cd level in rice grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shi Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Fenglin Deng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jing Che
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Fengyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Gui Jie Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice, Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement of Yunnan Higher Education Institutes, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
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10
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Song J, Li Y, Tang H, Qiu C, Lei L, Wang M, Xu H. Application potential of Vaccinium ashei R. for cadmium migration retention in the mining area soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 324:138346. [PMID: 36893865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous reports on phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soil, there are few reports on plant retention of heavy metals in the mining area slope. This study was the first of its kind to explore the cadmium (Cd) retention capacity of the blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade). Firstly, we investigated the stress response of blueberry to different soil Cd concentrations (1, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/kg) to assess its potential for phytoremediation by pot experiments. The results showed that the blueberry biomass exposed to 10 and 15 mg/kg Cd was significantly increased compared with the control (1 mg/kg Cd); the blueberry crown increased by 0.40% and 0.34% in 10 and 15 mg/kg Cd-contaminated soil, respectively, compared with control; the blueberry heigh did not even change significantly in each treatment group; the total chlorophyll content, peroxidase and catalase activity of blueberry were enhanced in 5-20 mg/kg Cd treatments. Furthermore, the Cd contents of blueberry in the root, stem and leaf increased significantly as the Cd concentration of soil increased. We found that more Cd accumulated in blueberry root: the bioaccumulation concentration factor was root > stem > leaf for all groups; the residual-Cd (Cd speciation) in soil increased by 3.83%-411.11% in blueberry-planted versus unplanted groups; blueberry improved the Cd-contaminated soil micro-ecological environment including soil organic matter, available K and P, as well as microbial communities. Then, to investigate the effect of blueberry cultivation on Cd migration, we developed a bioretention model and revealed that soil Cd transport along the model slope was significantly weakened by blueberry cultivation, especially at the bottom of the model. In a word, this research suggests a promising method for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil and the reduction of Cd migration in mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjincang Song
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yongyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hao Tang
- Ecological Protection and Development Research Institute of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Aba, 623000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chengshu Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, 61130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ling Lei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Maolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
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11
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Binenbaum J, Wulff N, Camut L, Kiradjiev K, Anfang M, Tal I, Vasuki H, Zhang Y, Sakvarelidze-Achard L, Davière JM, Ripper D, Carrera E, Manasherova E, Ben Yaakov S, Lazary S, Hua C, Novak V, Crocoll C, Weinstain R, Cohen H, Ragni L, Aharoni A, Band LR, Achard P, Nour-Eldin HH, Shani E. Gibberellin and abscisic acid transporters facilitate endodermal suberin formation in Arabidopsis. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:785-802. [PMID: 37024660 PMCID: PMC7615257 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone gibberellin (GA) regulates multiple developmental processes. It accumulates in the root elongating endodermis, but how it moves into this cell file and the significance of this accumulation are unclear. Here we identify three NITRATE TRANSPORTER1/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER (NPF) transporters required for GA and abscisic acid (ABA) translocation. We demonstrate that NPF2.14 is a subcellular GA/ABA transporter, presumably the first to be identified in plants, facilitating GA and ABA accumulation in the root endodermis to regulate suberization. Further, NPF2.12 and NPF2.13, closely related proteins, are plasma membrane-localized GA and ABA importers that facilitate shoot-to-root GA12 translocation, regulating endodermal hormone accumulation. This work reveals that GA is required for root suberization and that GA and ABA can act non-antagonistically. We demonstrate how the clade of transporters mediates hormone flow with cell-file-specific vacuolar storage at the phloem unloading zone, and slow release of hormone to induce suberin formation in the maturation zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenia Binenbaum
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nikolai Wulff
- DynaMo Center of Excellence, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lucie Camut
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kristian Kiradjiev
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | - Moran Anfang
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Tal
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Himabindu Vasuki
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lali Sakvarelidze-Achard
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Michel Davière
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dagmar Ripper
- ZMBP-Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Esther Carrera
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-UPV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ekaterina Manasherova
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Shir Ben Yaakov
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shani Lazary
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chengyao Hua
- DynaMo Center of Excellence, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Vlastimil Novak
- Plant Nutrients and Food Quality Research Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christoph Crocoll
- DynaMo Center of Excellence, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Roy Weinstain
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagai Cohen
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Laura Ragni
- ZMBP-Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leah R Band
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Patrick Achard
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center of Excellence, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Eilon Shani
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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12
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Salinity-Induced Cytosolic Alkaline Shifts in Arabidopsis Roots Require the SOS Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043549. [PMID: 36834961 PMCID: PMC9960406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms to sense, respond to and overcome the detrimental effects of high soil salinity. The role of calcium transients in salinity stress signaling is well established, but the physiological significance of concurrent salinity-induced changes in cytosolic pH remains largely undefined. Here, we analyzed the response of Arabidopsis roots expressing the genetically encoded ratiometric pH-sensor pHGFP fused to marker proteins for the recruitment of the sensor to the cytosolic side of the tonoplast (pHGFP-VTI11) and the plasma membrane (pHGFP-LTI6b). Salinity elicited a rapid alkalinization of cytosolic pH (pHcyt) in the meristematic and elongation zone of wild-type roots. The pH-shift near the plasma membrane preceded that at the tonoplast. In pH-maps transversal to the root axis, the epidermis and cortex had cells with a more alkaline pHcyt relative to cells in the stele in control conditions. Conversely, seedlings treated with 100 mM NaCl exhibited an increased pHcyt in cells of the vasculature relative to the external layers of the root, and this response occurred in both reporter lines. These pHcyt changes were substantially reduced in mutant roots lacking a functional SOS3/CBL4 protein, suggesting that the operation of the SOS pathway mediated the dynamics of pHcyt in response to salinity.
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13
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Li Z, Duan S, Lu B, Yang C, Ding H, Shen H. Spraying alginate oligosaccharide improves photosynthetic performance and sugar accumulation in citrus by regulating antioxidant system and related gene expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1108848. [PMID: 36793994 PMCID: PMC9923110 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1108848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are functional substances in seaweed extracts that regulate crop quality and stress tolerance. In this paper, the effects of AOS spray application on the antioxidant system, photosynthesis and fruit sugar accumulation in citrus was investigated through a two-year field experiment. The results showed that 8-10 spray cycles of 300-500 mg L-1 AOS (once per 15 days) increased soluble sugar and soluble solid contents by 7.74-15.79% and 9.98-15.35%, respectively, from citrus fruit expansion to harvesting. Compared with the control, the antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression of some related genes in citrus leaves started to increase significantly after the 1st AOS spray application, while the net photosynthetic rate of leaves increased obviously only after the 3rd AOS spray cycle, and the soluble sugar content of AOS-treated leaves increased by 8.43-12.96% at harvest. This suggests that AOS may enhance photosynthesis and sugar accumulation in leaves by antioxidant system regulation. Moreover, analysis of fruit sugar metabolism showed that during the 3rd to 8th AOS spray cycles, AOS treatment increased the activity of enzymes related to sucrose synthesis (SPS, SSs), upregulated the expression of sucrose metabolism (CitSPS1, CitSPS2, SUS) and transport (SUC3, SUC4) genes, and promoted the accumulation of sucrose, glucose and fructose in fruits. Notably, the concentration of soluble sugars in citrus fruits was significantly reduced at all treatments with 40% reduction in leaves of the same branch, but the loss of soluble sugars in AOS-treated fruits (18.18%) was higher than that in the control treatment (14.10%). It showed that there was a positive effect of AOS application on leaf assimilation product transport and fruit sugar accumulation. In summary, AOS application may improve fruit sugar accumulation and quality by regulating the leaf antioxidant system, increasing the photosynthetic rate and assimilate product accumulation, and promoting sugar transfer from leaves to fruits. This study shows the potential application of AOS in the production of citrus fruits for sugar enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songpo Duan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bosi Lu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqing Ding
- Guangdong Nongken Tropical Agriculture Research Institute Co., Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Mihailova G, Solti Á, Sárvári É, Hunyadi-Gulyás É, Georgieva K. Protein Changes in Shade and Sun Haberlea rhodopensis Leaves during Dehydration at Optimal and Low Temperatures. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020401. [PMID: 36679114 PMCID: PMC9861795 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Haberlea rhodopensis is a unique resurrection plant of high phenotypic plasticity, colonizing both shady habitats and sun-exposed rock clefts. H. rhodopensis also survives freezing winter temperatures in temperate climates. Although survival in conditions of desiccation and survival in conditions of frost share high morphological and physiological similarities, proteomic changes lying behind these mechanisms are hardly studied. Thus, we aimed to reveal ecotype-level and temperature-dependent variations in the protective mechanisms by applying both targeted and untargeted proteomic approaches. Drought-induced desiccation enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, but FeSOD and Cu/ZnSOD-III were significantly better triggered in sun plants. Desiccation resulted in the accumulation of enzymes involved in carbohydrate/phenylpropanoid metabolism (enolase, triosephosphate isomerase, UDP-D-apiose/UDP-D-xylose synthase 2, 81E8-like cytochrome P450 monooxygenase) and protective proteins such as vicinal oxygen chelate metalloenzyme superfamily and early light-induced proteins, dehydrins, and small heat shock proteins, the latter two typically being found in the latest phases of dehydration and being more pronounced in sun plants. Although low temperature and drought stress-induced desiccation trigger similar responses, the natural variation of these responses in shade and sun plants calls for attention to the pre-conditioning/priming effects that have high importance both in the desiccation responses and successful stress recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergana Mihailova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ádám Solti
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Sárvári
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Hunyadi-Gulyás
- Laboratory of Proteomics Research, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Temesvári Krt. 62., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katya Georgieva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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15
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Rashid MH, Rahman MM, Naidu R. Zinc Biofortification through Basal Zinc Supply Reduces Grain Cadmium in Mung Beans: Metal Partitioning and Health Risks Assessment. TOXICS 2022; 10:689. [PMID: 36422897 PMCID: PMC9692611 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Grain zinc (Zn) biofortification with less cadmium (Cd) accumulation is of paramount importance from human health and environmental point of view. A pot experiment was carried out to determine the influence of Zn and Cd on their accumulations in Mung bean tissues (Vigna radiata) in two contrast soil types (Dermosol and Tenosol). The soil types with added Zn and Cd exerted a significant effect on translocation and accumulation of metals in different tissues. The accumulation of Zn and Cd was higher for Tenosol than that for Dermosol. At control, the concentration of Cd followed a pattern, e.g., root > stem > petiole > pod > leaflet > grain for both soils. A basal Zn supply (5 mg kg−1) increased the grain Zn concentration to a significant amount (up to 67%). It also reduced Cd accumulation in tissues, including grains (up to 34%). No non-carcinogenic effect was observed for either the children or the adults as the EDI and PTDI values were below the safety limit; however, the ILCR values exceeded the safety limit, indicating the possibility of some carcinogenic effects. Added Zn helped to reduce the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Harunur Rashid
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science & Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ATC Building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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16
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Shi G, Liu H, Zhou D, Zhou H, Fan G, Chen W, Li J, Lou L, Gao Y. Sulfur reduces the root-to-shoot translocation of arsenic and cadmium by regulating their vacuolar sequestration in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1032681. [PMID: 36275602 PMCID: PMC9580998 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in wheat grain is a serious threat to human health. Sulfur (S) can simultaneously decrease wheat grain As and Cd concentrations by decreasing their translocation in wheat; however, the mechanisms are unclear. We conducted hydroponic experiments to explore the mechanisms by which S modulates As and Cd translocation and their toxicity in wheat. Wheat seedlings were grown in deficient sulfate (2.5 µM) or sufficient sulfate (1.0 mM) nutrient solutions for 6 days and then exposed to zero (control), low As+Cd (1 µM As plus 0.5 µM Cd), or high As+Cd (50 µM As plus 30 µM Cd) for another 6 days. Compared with the control, plant growth was not affected by low As+Cd, but was significantly inhibited by high As+Cd. In the low As+Cd treatment, S supply had no significant effect on plant growth or root-to-shoot As and Cd translocation. In the high As+Cd treatment, sufficient S supply significantly alleviated As and Cd toxicity and their translocation by increasing phytochelatin (PC) synthesis and the subsequent vacuolar sequestration of As and Cd in roots, compared with deficient S supply. The use of L-buthionine sulfoximine (a specific inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase) confirmed that the alleviation of As and Cd translocation and toxicity in wheat by S is mediated by increased PC production. Also, TaHMA3 gene expression in wheat root was not affected by the As+Cd and S treatments, but the expression of TaABCC1 was upregulated by the high As+Cd treatment and further increased by sufficient S supply and high As+Cd treatment. These results indicate that S-induced As and Cd subcellular changes affect As and Cd translocation mainly by regulating thiol metabolism and ABCC1 expression in wheat under As and Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoling Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Luhe Agro-Environment Experimental Station of National Agricultural Observation and Research Station, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangping Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangye Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Laiqing Lou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Luhe Agro-Environment Experimental Station of National Agricultural Observation and Research Station, Nanjing, China
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17
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Tang RJ, Yang Y, Yan YW, Mao DD, Yuan HM, Wang C, Zhao FG, Luan S. Two transporters mobilize magnesium from vacuolar stores to enable plant acclimation to magnesium deficiency. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1307-1320. [PMID: 35809075 PMCID: PMC9516776 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential metal for chlorophyll biosynthesis and other metabolic processes in plant cells. Mg is largely stored in the vacuole of various cell types and remobilized to meet cytoplasmic demand. However, the transport proteins responsible for mobilizing vacuolar Mg2+ remain unknown. Here, we identified two Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Mg2+ transporters (MAGNESIUM TRANSPORTER 1 and 2; MGT1 and MGT2) that facilitate Mg2+ mobilization from the vacuole, especially when external Mg supply is limited. In addition to a high degree of sequence similarity, MGT1 and MGT2 exhibited overlapping expression patterns in Arabidopsis tissues, implying functional redundancy. Indeed, the mgt1 mgt2 double mutant, but not mgt1 and mgt2 single mutants, showed exaggerated growth defects as compared to the wild type under low-Mg conditions, in accord with higher expression levels of Mg-starvation gene markers in the double mutant. However, overall Mg level was also higher in mgt1 mgt2, suggesting a defect in Mg2+ remobilization in response to Mg deficiency. Consistently, MGT1 and MGT2 localized to the tonoplast and rescued the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mnr2Δ (manganese resistance 2) mutant strain lacking the vacuolar Mg2+ efflux transporter. In addition, disruption of MGT1 and MGT2 suppressed high-Mg sensitivity of calcineurin B-like 2 and 3 (cbl2 cbl3), a mutant defective in vacuolar Mg2+ sequestration, suggesting that vacuolar Mg2+ influx and efflux processes are antagonistic in a physiological context. We further crossed mgt1 mgt2 with mgt6, which lacks a plasma membrane MGT member involved in Mg2+ uptake, and found that the triple mutant was more sensitive to low-Mg conditions than either mgt1 mgt2 or mgt6. Hence, Mg2+ uptake (via MGT6) and vacuolar remobilization (through MGT1 and MGT2) work synergistically to achieve Mg2+ homeostasis in plants, especially under low-Mg supply in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu-Wei Yan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dan-Dan Mao
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yuan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Fu-Geng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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18
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Structure of V-ATPase from citrus fruit. Structure 2022; 30:1403-1410.e4. [PMID: 36041457 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We used the Legionella pneumophila effector SidK to affinity purify the endogenous vacuolar-type ATPases (V-ATPases) from lemon fruit. The preparation was sufficient for cryoelectron microscopy, allowing structure determination of the enzyme in two rotational states. The structure defines the ATP:H+ ratio of the enzyme, demonstrating that it can establish a maximum ΔpH of ∼3, which is insufficient to maintain the low pH observed in the vacuoles of juice sac cells in lemons and other citrus fruit. Compared with yeast and mammalian enzymes, the membrane region of the plant V-ATPase lacks subunit f and possesses an unusual configuration of transmembrane α helices. Subunit H, which inhibits ATP hydrolysis in the isolated catalytic region of V-ATPase, adopts two different conformations in the intact complex, hinting at a role in modulating activity in the intact enzyme.
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19
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Jia B, Conner RL, Penner WC, Zheng C, Cloutier S, Hou A, Xia X, You FM. Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Marsh Spot Disease Resistance in Cranberry Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147639. [PMID: 35886986 PMCID: PMC9324509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a food crop that is an important source of dietary proteins and carbohydrates. Marsh spot is a physiological disorder that diminishes seed quality in beans. Prior research suggested that this disease is likely caused by manganese (Mn) deficiency during seed development and that marsh spot resistance is controlled by at least four genes. In this study, genetic mapping was performed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and the potential candidate genes associated with marsh spot resistance. All 138 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a bi-parental population were evaluated for marsh spot resistance during five years from 2015 to 2019 in sandy and heavy clay soils in Morden, Manitoba, Canada. The RILs were sequenced using a genotyping by sequencing approach. A total of 52,676 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified and filtered to generate a high-quality set of 2066 SNPs for QTL mapping. A genetic map based on 1273 SNP markers distributed on 11 chromosomes and covering 1599 cm was constructed. A total of 12 stable and 4 environment-specific QTL were identified using additive effect models, and an additional two epistatic QTL interacting with two of the 16 QTL were identified using an epistasis model. Genome-wide scans of the candidate genes identified 13 metal transport-related candidate genes co-locating within six QTL regions. In particular, two QTL (QTL.3.1 and QTL.3.2) with the highest R2 values (21.8% and 24.5%, respectively) harbored several metal transport genes Phvul.003G086300, Phvul.003G092500, Phvul.003G104900, Phvul.003G099700, and Phvul.003G108900 in a large genomic region of 16.8–27.5 Mb on chromosome 3. These results advance the current understanding of the genetic mechanisms of marsh spot resistance in cranberry common bean and provide new genomic resources for use in genomics-assisted breeding and for candidate gene isolation and functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosen Jia
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; (B.J.); (C.Z.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | - Robert L. Conner
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada; (R.L.C.); (W.C.P.)
| | - Waldo C. Penner
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada; (R.L.C.); (W.C.P.)
| | - Chunfang Zheng
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; (B.J.); (C.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Sylvie Cloutier
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; (B.J.); (C.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Anfu Hou
- Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada; (R.L.C.); (W.C.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (F.M.Y.); Tel.: +1-204-822-7528 (A.H.); +1-613-759-1539 (F.M.Y.)
| | - Xuhua Xia
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
| | - Frank M. You
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; (B.J.); (C.Z.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (F.M.Y.); Tel.: +1-204-822-7528 (A.H.); +1-613-759-1539 (F.M.Y.)
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20
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Buhrman K, Aravena-Calvo J, Ross Zaulich C, Hinz K, Laursen T. Anthocyanic Vacuolar Inclusions: From Biosynthesis to Storage and Possible Applications. Front Chem 2022; 10:913324. [PMID: 35836677 PMCID: PMC9273883 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.913324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of plants to accumulate specific metabolites in concentrations beyond their solubility in both aqueous and lipid environments remains a key question in plant biology. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) are mixtures of natural compounds in specific molar ratios, which interact through hydrogen bonding. This results in a viscous liquid that can solubilize high amounts of natural products while maintaining a negligible vapor pressure to prevent release of volatile compounds. While all the components are presents in plant cells, identifying experimental evidence for the occurrence of NADES phases remains a challenging quest. Accumulation of anthocyanin flavonoids in highly concentrated inclusions have been speculated to involve NADES as an inert solvent. The inherent pigment properties of anthocyanins provide an ideal system for studying the formation of NADES in a cellular environment. In this mini-review we discuss the biosynthesis of modified anthocyanins that facilitate their organization in condensates, their transport and storage as a specific type of phase separated inclusions in the vacuole, and the presence of NADES constituents as a natural solution for storing high amounts of flavonoids and other natural products. Finally, we highlight how the knowledge gathered from studying the discussed processes could be used for specific applications within synthetic biology to utilize NADES derived compartments for the production of valuable compounds where the production is challenged by poor solubility, toxic intermediates or unstable and volatile products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kees Buhrman
- Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Dynamic Metabolons Group, Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Javiera Aravena-Calvo
- Dynamic Metabolons Group, Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Clara Ross Zaulich
- Dynamic Metabolons Group, Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Hinz
- Dynamic Metabolons Group, Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomas Laursen
- Dynamic Metabolons Group, Section for Plant Biochemistry, Department for Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Tomas Laursen,
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21
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Kuang L, Chen S, Guo Y, Scheuring D, Flaishman MA, Ma H. Proteome Analysis of Vacuoles Isolated from Fig (Ficus carica L.) Flesh during Fruit Development. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:785-801. [PMID: 35348748 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fruit flesh cell vacuoles play a pivotal role in fruit growth and quality formation. In the present study, intact vacuoles were carefully released and collected from protoplasts isolated from flesh cells at five sampling times along fig fruit development. Label-free quantification and vacuole proteomic analysis identified 1,251 proteins, 1,137 of which were recruited as differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) by fold change ≥ 1.5, P < 0.05. DAPs were assigned to 10 functional categories; among them, 238, 186, 109, 93 and 90 were annotated as metabolism, transport proteins, membrane fusion or vesicle trafficking, protein fate and stress response proteins, respectively. Decreased numbers of DAPs were uncovered along fruit development. The overall changing pattern of DAPs revealed two major proteome landscape conversions in fig flesh cell vacuoles: the first occurred when fruit developed from late-stage I to mid-stage II, and the second occurred when the fruit started ripening. Metabolic proteins related to glycosidase, lipid and extracellular proteins contributing to carbohydrate storage and vacuole expansion, and protein-degrading proteins determining vacuolar lytic function were revealed. Key tonoplast proteins contributing to vacuole expansion, cell growth and fruit quality formation were also identified. The revealed comprehensive changes in the vacuole proteome during flesh development were compared with our previously published vacuole proteome of grape berry. The information expands our knowledge of the vacuolar proteome and the protein basis of vacuole functional evolution during fruit development and quality formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Kuang
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- College of Biology Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - David Scheuring
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Moshe A Flaishman
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Huiqin Ma
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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22
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Yan Z, Yang MY, Zhao BG, Li G, Chao Q, Tian F, Gao G, Wang BC. OsAPL controls the nutrient transport systems in the leaf of rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANTA 2022; 256:11. [PMID: 35699777 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OsAPL positively controls the seedling growth and grain size in rice by targeting the plasma membrane H+-ATPase-encoding gene, OsRHA1, as well as drastically affects genes encoding H+-coupled secondary active transporters. Nutrient transport is a key component of both plant growth and environmental adaptation. Photosynthates and nutrients produced in the source organs (e.g., leaves) need to be transported to the sink organs (e.g., seeds). In rice, the unloading of nutrients occurs through apoplastic transport (i.e., across the membrane via transporters) and is dependent on the efficiency and number of transporters embedded in the cell membrane. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying the regulation of these transporters remain to be determined. Here we show that rice (Oryza sativa L., Kitaake) ALTERED PHLOEM DEVELOPMENT (OsAPL), homologous to a MYB family transcription factor promoting phloem development in Arabidopsis thaliana, regulates the number of transporters in rice. Overexpression of OsAPL leads to a 10% increase in grain yield at the heading stage. OsAPL acts as a transcriptional activator of OsRHA1, which encodes a subunit of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase (primary transporter). In addition, OsAPL strongly affects the expression of genes encoding H+-coupled secondary active transporters. Decreased expression of OsAPL leads to a decreased expression level of nutrient transporter genes. Taken together, our findings suggest the involvement of OsAPL in nutrients transport and crop yield accumulation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yan
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Life Sciences, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Man-Yu Yang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Biligen-Gaowa Zhao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guo Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qing Chao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences (CLS), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG) and Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Center for Bioinformatics (CBI), and State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research at School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences (CLS), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Bai-Chen Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
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23
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Wen S, Neuhaus HE, Cheng J, Bie Z. Contributions of sugar transporters to crop yield and fruit quality. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2275-2289. [PMID: 35139196 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The flux, distribution, and storage of soluble sugars regulate crop yield in terms of starch, oil, protein, and total carbohydrates, and affect the quality of many horticultural products. Sugar transporters contribute to phloem loading and unloading. The mechanisms of phloem loading have been studied in detail, but the complex and diverse mechanisms of phloem unloading and sugar storage in sink organs are less explored. Unloading and subsequent transport mechanisms for carbohydrates vary in different sink organs. Analyzing the transport and storage mechanisms of carbohydrates in important storage organs, such as cereal seeds, fruits, or stems of sugarcane, will provide information for genetic improvements to increase crop yield and fruit quality. This review discusses current research progress on sugar transporters involved in carbohydrate unloading and storage in sink organs. The roles of sugar transporters in crop yield and the accumulation of sugars are also discussed to highlight their contribution to efficient breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suying Wen
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jintao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zhilong Bie
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
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24
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Zhou Y, Sun M, Sun P, Gao H, Yang H, Jing Y, Hussain MA, Saxena RK, Carther FI, Wang Q, Li H. Tonoplast inositol transporters: Roles in plant abiotic stress response and crosstalk with other signals. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 271:153660. [PMID: 35240513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inositol transporters (INT) are thought to be the pivotal transporters for vital metabolites, in particular lipids, minerals, and sugars. These transporters play an important role in transitional metabolism and various signaling pathways in plants through regulating the transduction of messages from hormones, neurotransmitters, and immunologic and growth factors. Extensive studies have been conducted on animal INT, with promising outcomes. However, only few recent studies have highlighted the importance and complexity of INT genes in the regulation of plant physiology stages, including growth and tolerance to stress conditions. The present review summarizes the most recent findings concerning the role of INT or inositol genes in plant metabolism and the response mechanisms triggered by external stressors. Moreover, we highlight the emerging role of vacuoles and vacuolar INT in plant molecular transition and their related roles in plant growth and development. INTs are the essential mediators of inositol uptake and its intracellular broadcasting for various metabolic pathways where they play crucial roles. Additionally, we report evidence on Na+/inositol transporters, which until now have only been characterized in animals, as well as H+/inositol symporters and their kinetic functions and physiological role and suggest their roles and operating mode in plants. A more comprehensive understanding of the INT functioning system, in particular the coordinated movement of inositol and the relation between inositol generation and other important plant signaling pathways, would greatly advance the study of plant stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Monan Sun
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Pengyu Sun
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Hongtao Gao
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - He Yang
- RDFZ Sanya School, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Yan Jing
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hussain
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Rachit K Saxena
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India.
| | - Foka Idrice Carther
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Qingyu Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
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25
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Okooboh GO, Haferkamp I, Valifard M, Pommerrenig B, Kelly A, Feussner I, Neuhaus HE. Overexpression of the vacuolar sugar importer BvTST1 from sugar beet in Camelina improves seed properties and leads to altered root characteristics. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13653. [PMID: 35187664 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the vacuolar sugar transporter TST1 in Arabidopsis leads to higher seed lipid levels and higher total seed yield per plant. However, effects on fruit biomass have not been observed in crop plants like melon, strawberry, cotton, apple, or tomato with increased tonoplast sugar transporter (TST) activity. Thus, it was unclear whether overexpression of TST in selected crops might lead to increased fruit yield, as observed in Arabidopsis. Here, we report that constitutive overexpression of TST1 from sugar beet in the important crop species Camelina sativa (false flax) resembles the seed characteristics observed for Arabidopsis upon increased TST activity. These effects go along with a stimulation of sugar export from source leaves and not only provoke optimised seed properties like higher lipid levels and increased overall seed yield per plant, but also modify the root architecture of BvTST1 overexpressing Camelina lines. Such mutants grew longer primary roots and showed an increased number of lateral roots, especially when developed under conditions of limited water supply. These changes in root properties result in a stabilisation of total seed yield under drought conditions. In summary, we demonstrate that increased vacuolar TST activity may lead to optimised yield of an oil-seed crop species with high levels of healthy ω3 fatty acids in storage lipids. Moreover, since BvTST1 overexpressing Camelina mutants, in addition, exhibit optimised yield under limited water availability, we might devise a strategy to create crops with improved tolerance against drought, representing one of the most challenging environmental cues today and in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria O Okooboh
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Ilka Haferkamp
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Marzieh Valifard
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Amélie Kelly
- Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Tang RJ, Meng SF, Zheng XJ, Zhang B, Yang Y, Wang C, Fu AG, Zhao FG, Lan WZ, Luan S. Conserved mechanism for vacuolar magnesium sequestration in yeast and plant cells. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:181-190. [PMID: 35087208 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-01087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential nutrient for all life forms. In fungal and plant cells, the majority of Mg2+ is stored in the vacuole but mechanisms for Mg2+ transport into the vacuolar store are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that members of ancient conserved domain proteins (ACDPs) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana function in vacuolar Mg2+ sequestration that enables plant and yeast cells to cope with high levels of external Mg2+. We show that the yeast genome (as well as other fungal genomes) harbour a single ACDP homologue, referred to as MAM3, that functions specifically in vacuolar Mg2+ accumulation and is essential for tolerance to high Mg. In parallel, vacuolar ACDP homologues were identified from Arabidopsis and shown to complement the yeast mutant mam3Δ. An Arabidopsis mutant lacking one of the vacuolar ACDP homologues displayed hypersensitivity to high-Mg conditions and accumulated less Mg in the vacuole compared with the wild type. Taken together, our results suggest that conserved transporters mediate vacuolar Mg2+ sequestration in fungal and plant cells to maintain cellular Mg2+ homeostasis in response to fluctuating Mg2+ levels in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Su-Fang Meng
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Zheng
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ai-Gen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fu-Geng Zhao
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Lan
- Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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27
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Kawochar MA, Cheng Y, Begum S, Wang E, Zhou T, Liu T, Liu T, Song B. Suppression of the tonoplast sugar transporter StTST3.2 improves quality of potato chips. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 269:153603. [PMID: 34959218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Which sugar transporter regulates sugar accumulation in tubers is largely unknown. Accumulation of reducing sugar (RS) in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers negatively affects the quality of tubers undergoing the frying process. However, little is known about the genes involved in regulating RS content in tubers at harvest. Here, we have identified two tonoplast sugar transporter (TST) 3-type isoforms (StTST3.1 and StTST3.2) in potato. Quantitative real-time PCR results indicate that StTST3.1 and StTST3.2 possess distinct expression patterns in various potato tissues. StTST3.2 was found to be the expressed TST3-type isoform in tubers. Further subcellular localization analysis revealed that StTST3.2 was targeted to the tonoplast. Silencing of StTST3.2 in potato by stable transformation resulted in significantly lower RS content in tubers at harvest or after room temperature storage, suggesting StTST3.2 plays an important role in RS accumulation in tubers. Accordingly, compared with the unsilenced control, potato chips processed from StTST3.2-silenced tubers exhibited lighter color and dramatically decreased acrylamide production at harvest or after room temperature storage. In addition, we demonstrated that silencing of StTST3.2 has no significant effect on potato growth and development. Thus, suppression of StTST3.2 could be another effective approach for improving processing quality and decreasing acrylamide content in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abu Kawochar
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Yunxia Cheng
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China
| | - Shahnewaz Begum
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Enshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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28
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Kang BH, Anderson CT, Arimura SI, Bayer E, Bezanilla M, Botella MA, Brandizzi F, Burch-Smith TM, Chapman KD, Dünser K, Gu Y, Jaillais Y, Kirchhoff H, Otegui MS, Rosado A, Tang Y, Kleine-Vehn J, Wang P, Zolman BK. A glossary of plant cell structures: Current insights and future questions. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:10-52. [PMID: 34633455 PMCID: PMC8846186 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this glossary of plant cell structures, we asked experts to summarize a present-day view of plant organelles and structures, including a discussion of outstanding questions. In the following short reviews, the authors discuss the complexities of the plant cell endomembrane system, exciting connections between organelles, novel insights into peroxisome structure and function, dynamics of mitochondria, and the mysteries that need to be unlocked from the plant cell wall. These discussions are focused through a lens of new microscopy techniques. Advanced imaging has uncovered unexpected shapes, dynamics, and intricate membrane formations. With a continued focus in the next decade, these imaging modalities coupled with functional studies are sure to begin to unravel mysteries of the plant cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Biology and Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| | - Shin-ichi Arimura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emmanuelle Bayer
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d'Ornon F-33140, France
| | - Magdalena Bezanilla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Miguel A Botella
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortifruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora,” Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Tessa M Burch-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Kent D Chapman
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Kai Dünser
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bethany Karlin Zolman
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
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29
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Jiao S, Zou Q. Identification of plant vacuole proteins by exploiting deep representation learning features. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2921-2927. [PMID: 35765653 PMCID: PMC9207291 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant vacuoles are the most important organelles for plant growth, development, and defense, and they play an important role in many types of stress responses. An important function of vacuole proteins is the transport of various classes of amino acids, ions, sugars, and other molecules. Accurate identification of vacuole proteins is crucial for revealing their biological functions. Several automatic and rapid computational tools have been proposed for the subcellular localization of proteins. Regrettably, they are not specific for the identification of plant vacuole proteins. To the best of our knowledge, there is only one computational software specifically trained for plant vacuolar proteins. Although its accuracy is acceptable, the prediction performance and stability of this method in practical applications can still be improved. Hence, in this study, a new predictor named iPVP-DRLF was developed to identify plant vacuole proteins specifically and effectively. This prediction software is designed using the light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) algorithm and hybrid features composed of classic sequence features and deep representation learning features. iPVP-DRLF achieved fivefold cross-validation and independent test accuracy values of 88.25 % and 87.16 %, respectively, both outperforming previous state-of-the-art predictors. Moreover, the blind dataset test results also showed that the performance of iPVP-DRLF was significantly better than the existing tools. The results of comparative experiments confirmed that deep representation learning features have an advantage over other classic sequence features in the identification of plant vacuole proteins. We believe that iPVP-DRLF would serve as an effective computational technique for plant vacuole protein prediction and facilitate related future research. The online server is freely accessible at https://lab.malab.cn/~acy/iPVP-DRLF. In addition, the source code and datasets are also accessible at https://github.com/jiaoshihu/iPVP-DRLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihu Jiao
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, China
| | - Quan Zou
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Corresponding author at: Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, China.
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30
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Valifard M, Le Hir R, Müller J, Scheuring D, Neuhaus HE, Pommerrenig B. Vacuolar fructose transporter SWEET17 is critical for root development and drought tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2716-2730. [PMID: 34597404 PMCID: PMC8644896 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Root growth and architecture are markedly influenced by both developmental and environmental cues. Sugars integrate different stimuli and are essential building blocks and signaling molecules for modulating the root system. Members from the SUGAR WILL EVENTUALLY BE EXPORTED TRANSPORTER (SWEET) family facilitate the transport of different sugars over cellular membranes and steer both inter and intracellular distribution of sugars. SWEET17 represents a fructose-specific sugar porter localized to the vacuolar membrane, the tonoplast. Here, we analyzed how SWEET17-dependent fructose released from vacuoles affects root growth during drought stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We found that the SWEET17 gene was predominantly expressed in the root vasculature and in meristematic cells of the root tip. SWEET17 expression appeared markedly induced during lateral root (LR) outgrowth and under drought. Moreover, fructose repressed primary root growth but induced density and length of first order LRs. Consistently, sweet17 knock-out mutants exhibited reduced LR growth and a diminished expression of LR-development-related transcription factors during drought stress, resulting in impaired drought tolerance of sweet17 mutants. We discuss how SWEET17 activity integrates drought-induced cellular responses into fructose signaling necessary for modulation of the root system and maximal drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Valifard
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - Rozenn Le Hir
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Jonas Müller
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - David Scheuring
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - Horst Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
- Author for communication: †Senior author
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31
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Anjali A, Fatima U, Senthil-Kumar M. The ins and outs of SWEETs in plants: Current understanding of the basics and their prospects in crop improvement. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Wu X, Tian H, Li L, Guan C, Zhang Z. Higher Cd-accumulating oilseed rape has stronger Cd tolerance due to stronger Cd fixation in pectin and hemicellulose and higher Cd chelation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117218. [PMID: 33933876 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) has potential as a hyperaccumulator in the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils. Oilseed rape varieties with higher Cd accumulation ability and Cd tolerance are ideal candidates for the hyperaccumulation of excess Cd. To explore the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying Cd tolerance and high Cd accumulation in oilseed rape leaves, we examined two genotypes, "BN067" (Cd-sensitive with lower Cd accumulation in leaves) and "BN06" (Cd-tolerant with higher Cd accumulation in leaves). We characterized the physiological morphology, structure, subcellular distribution of Cd, cell wall components, cell chelates, and the transcriptional levels of the related genes. Greater Cd accumulation was observed in the cell walls and vacuoles of Cd-tolerant leaves, reducing Cd toxicity to the lamellar structure of the chloroplast thylakoid and leaf stomata. Higher expression of PMEs genes and lower expression of pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PMEI) genes improved pectin methylesterase (PME) activity in leaves of Cd-tolerant genotype. Stronger demethylation of pectin along with higher pectin and hemicellulose levels induced by lower pectinase and hemicellulose activities in the leaves of the Cd-tolerant genotype, resulting in higher Cd retention in the cell walls. Under Cd toxicity, higher Cd sequestration within the vacuoles of Cd-tolerant leaves was closely related to greater accumulation of Cd chelates with stronger biosynthesis in protoplasts. The results highlight the importance of using hyperaccumulation by plants to remediate our environment, and also provide a theoretical basis for the development of Cd-tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Hui Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China; Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Li
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyun Guan
- National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
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33
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Ogasawara S, Ezaki M, Ishida R, Sueyoshi K, Saito S, Hiradate Y, Kudo T, Obara M, Kojima S, Uozumi N, Tanemura K, Hayakawa T. Rice amino acid transporter-like 6 (OsATL6) is involved in amino acid homeostasis by modulating the vacuolar storage of glutamine in roots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1616-1630. [PMID: 34216173 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glutamine is a product of ammonium (NH4+ ) assimilation catalyzed by glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT). The growth of NH4+ -preferring paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) depends on root NH4+ assimilation and the subsequent root-to-shoot allocation of glutamine; however, little is known about the mechanism of glutamine storage in roots. Here, using transcriptome and reverse genetics analyses, we show that the rice amino acid transporter-like 6 (OsATL6) protein exports glutamine to the root vacuoles under NH4+ -replete conditions. OsATL6 was expressed, along with OsGS1;2 and OsNADH-GOGAT1, in wild-type (WT) roots fed with sufficient NH4 Cl, and was induced by glutamine treatment. We generated two independent Tos17 retrotransposon insertion mutants showing reduced OsATL6 expression to determine the function of OsATL6. Compared with segregants lacking the Tos17 insertion, the OsATL6 knock-down mutant seedlings exhibited lower root glutamine content but higher glutamine concentration in the xylem sap and greater shoot growth under NH4+ -replete conditions. The transient expression of monomeric red fluorescent protein-fused OsATL6 in onion epidermal cells confirmed the tonoplast localization of OsATL6. When OsATL6 was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, glutamine efflux from the cell into the acidic bath solution increased. Under sufficient NH4+ supply, OsATL6 transiently accumulated in sclerenchyma and pericycle cells, which are located adjacent to the Casparian strip, thus obstructing the apoplastic solute path, and in vascular parenchyma cells of WT roots before the peak accumulation of GS1;2 and NADH-GOGAT1 occurred. These findings suggest that OsATL6 temporarily stores excess glutamine, produced by NH4+ assimilation, in root vacuoles before it can be translocated to the shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Ogasawara
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Masataka Ezaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Ishida
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Kuni Sueyoshi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shunya Saito
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yuki Hiradate
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Toru Kudo
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Obara
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Soichi Kojima
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Uozumi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanemura
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
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Khoudi H. Significance of vacuolar proton pumps and metal/H + antiporters in plant heavy metal tolerance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:384-393. [PMID: 33937997 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil and water are among the most valuable resources on earth. Unfortunately, their contamination with heavy metals has become a global problem. Heavy metals are not biodegradable and cannot be chemically degraded; therefore, they tend to accumulate in soils or to be transported by streaming water and contaminate both surface and groundwater. Cadmium (Cd) has no known biological function but is one of the most toxic metals. It represents a serious environmental concern since its accumulation in soils is associated with health risks to plants, animals and humans. On the other hand, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are heavy metals that are indispensable to plants but become toxic when their concentration in soils exceeds a certain optimal level. Plants have evolved many mechanisms to cope with heavy metal toxicity; vacuolar sequestration is one of them. Vacuolar sequestration can be achieved through either phytochelatin-dependent or phytochelatin-independent pathways. Most of the transgenic plants meant for phytoremediation described in the literature result from the manipulation of genes involved in the phytochelatin-dependent pathway. However, recent evidence has emerged to support the importance of the phytochelatin-independent pathway in heavy metal sequestration into the vacuole, with metal/H+ antiporters and proton pumps playing an important role. In this review, the importance of vacuolar proton pumps and metal/H+ antiporters transporting Cd, Cu, and Zn is discussed. In addition, the recent advances in the production of transgenic plants with potential application in phytoremediation and food safety through the manipulation of genes encoding V-PPase proton pumps is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Khoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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35
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Britto DT, Coskun D, Kronzucker HJ. Potassium physiology from Archean to Holocene: A higher-plant perspective. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 262:153432. [PMID: 34034042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss biological potassium acquisition and utilization processes over an evolutionary timescale, with emphasis on modern vascular plants. The quintessential osmotic and electrical functions of the K+ ion are shown to be intimately tied to K+-transport systems and membrane energization. Several prominent themes in plant K+-transport physiology are explored in greater detail, including: (1) channel mediated K+ acquisition by roots at low external [K+]; (2) K+ loading of root xylem elements by active transport; (3) variations on the theme of K+ efflux from root cells to the extracellular environment; (4) the veracity and utility of the "affinity" concept in relation to transport systems. We close with a discussion of the importance of plant-potassium relations to our human world, and current trends in potassium nutrition from farm to table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev T Britto
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Devrim Coskun
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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36
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Jiang YT, Yang LH, Ferjani A, Lin WH. Multiple functions of the vacuole in plant growth and fruit quality. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2021; 1:4. [PMID: 37789408 PMCID: PMC10509827 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-021-00008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Vacuoles are organelles in plant cells that play pivotal roles in growth and developmental regulation. The main functions of vacuoles include maintaining cell acidity and turgor pressure, regulating the storage and transport of substances, controlling the transport and localization of key proteins through the endocytic and lysosomal-vacuolar transport pathways, and responding to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further, proteins localized either in the tonoplast (vacuolar membrane) or inside the vacuole lumen are critical for fruit quality. In this review, we summarize and discuss some of the emerging functions and regulatory mechanisms associated with plant vacuoles, including vacuole biogenesis, vacuole functions in plant growth and development, fruit quality, and plant-microbe interaction, as well as some innovative research technology that has driven advances in the field. Together, the functions of plant vacuoles are important for plant growth and fruit quality. The investigation of vacuole functions in plants is of great scientific significance and has potential applications in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tong Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lu-Han Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ali Ferjani
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei-shi, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Wen-Hui Lin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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37
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Holzheu P, Krebs M, Larasati C, Schumacher K, Kummer U. An integrative view on vacuolar pH homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana: Combining mathematical modeling and experimentation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1541-1556. [PMID: 33780094 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The acidification of plant vacuoles is of great importance for various physiological processes, as a multitude of secondary active transporters utilize the proton gradient established across the vacuolar membrane. Vacuolar-type H+ -translocating ATPases and a pyrophosphatase are thought to enable vacuoles to accumulate protons against their electrochemical potential. However, recent studies pointed to the ATPase located at the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) to contribute to vacuolar acidification in a manner not understood as of now. Here, we combined experimental data and computational modeling to test different hypotheses for vacuolar acidification mechanisms. For this, we analyzed different models with respect to their ability to describe existing experimental data. To better differentiate between alternative acidification mechanisms, new experimental data have been generated. By fitting the models to the experimental data, we were able to prioritize the hypothesis in which vesicular trafficking of Ca2+ /H+ -antiporters from the TGN/EE to the vacuolar membrane and the activity of ATP-dependent Ca2+ -pumps at the tonoplast might explain the residual acidification observed in Arabidopsis mutants defective in vacuolar proton pump activity. The presented modeling approach provides an integrative perspective on vacuolar pH regulation in Arabidopsis and holds potential to guide further experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Holzheu
- Department of Modeling of Biological Processes, COS Heidelberg/Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Melanie Krebs
- Department of Cell Biology, COS Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Catharina Larasati
- Department of Cell Biology, COS Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Department of Cell Biology, COS Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Ursula Kummer
- Department of Modeling of Biological Processes, COS Heidelberg/Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
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DalCorso G, Martini F, Fasani E, Manara A, Visioli G, Furini A. Enhancement of Zn tolerance and accumulation in plants mediated by the expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar transporter ZRC1. PLANTA 2021; 253:117. [PMID: 33956221 PMCID: PMC8102461 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Populus alba plants overexpressing the zinc transporter ScZRC1 in shoots exhibit Zn tolerance. Increased Zn concentrations were observed in shoots of P. alba, a species suitable for phytoremediation. Genetic engineering of plants for phytoremediation is worth to consider if genes leading to heavy metal accumulation and tolerance are expressed in high biomass producing plants. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae ZRC1 gene encodes a zinc transporter which is primarily involved in the uptake of Zn into the vacuole. The ZRC1 gene was expressed in the model species A. thaliana and P. alba (cv. Villafranca). Both species were transformed with constructs carrying ScZRC1 under the control of either the CaMV35S promoter for constitutive expression or the active promoter region of the tobacco Rubisco small subunit (pRbcS) to limit the expression to the above-ground tissues. In hydroponic cultures, A. thaliana and poplar ScZRC1-expressing plants accumulated more Zn in vegetative tissues and were more tolerant than untransformed plants. No differences were found between plants carrying the CaMV35::ScZRC1 or pRbcS::ScZRC1 constructs. The higher Zn accumulation in transgenic plants was accompanied by an increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, indicating the activation of defense mechanisms to prevent cellular damage. In the presence of cadmium in addition to Zn, plants did not show symptoms of metal toxicity, neither in hydroponic cultures nor in soil. Zn accumulation increased in shoots, while no differences were observed for Cd accumulation, in comparison to control plants. These data suggest that ectopic expression of ScZRC1 can increase the potential of poplar for the remediation of Zn-polluted soils, although further tests are required to assay its application in remediating multimetal polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni DalCorso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Flavio Martini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Fasani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Manara
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Visioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonella Furini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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Dindas J, Dreyer I, Huang S, Hedrich R, Roelfsema MRG. A voltage-dependent Ca 2+ homeostat operates in the plant vacuolar membrane. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1449-1460. [PMID: 33577135 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic calcium signals are evoked by a large variety of biotic and abiotic stimuli and play an important role in cellular and long distance signalling in plants. While the function of the plasma membrane in cytosolic Ca2+ signalling has been intensively studied, the role of the vacuolar membrane remains elusive. A newly developed vacuolar voltage clamp technique was used in combination with live-cell imaging, to study the role of the vacuolar membrane in Ca2+ and pH homeostasis of bulging root hair cells of Arabidopsis. Depolarisation of the vacuolar membrane caused a rapid increase in the Ca2+ concentration and alkalised the cytosol, while hyperpolarisation led to the opposite responses. The relationship between the vacuolar membrane potential, the cytosolic pH and Ca2+ concentration suggests that a vacuolar H+ /Ca2+ exchange mechanism plays a central role in cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis. Mathematical modelling further suggests that the voltage-dependent vacuolar Ca2+ homeostat could contribute to calcium signalling when coupled to a recently discovered K+ channel-dependent module for electrical excitability of the vacuolar membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Dindas
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zürich, CH-8008, Switzerland
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Shouguang Huang
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
| | - M Rob G Roelfsema
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
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Wang X, Ma J, Jin X, Yue N, Gao P, Mai KKK, Wang XB, Li D, Kang BH, Zhang Y. Three-dimensional reconstruction and comparison of vacuolar membranes in response to viral infection. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:353-364. [PMID: 33085164 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The vacuole is a unique plant organelle that plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis under various environmental stress conditions. However, the effects of biotic stress on vacuole structure has not been examined using three-dimensional (3D) visualization. Here, we performed 3D electron tomography to compare the ultrastructural changes in the vacuole during infection with different viruses. The 3D models revealed that vacuoles are remodeled in cells infected with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) or tobacco necrosis virus A Chinese isolate (TNV-AC ), resulting in the formation of spherules at the periphery of the vacuole. These spherules contain neck-like channels that connect their interior with the cytosol. Confocal microscopy of CMV replication proteins 1a and 2a and TNV-AC auxiliary replication protein p23 showed that all of these proteins localize to the tonoplast. Electron microscopy revealed that the expression of these replication proteins alone is sufficient to induce spherule formation on the tonoplast, suggesting that these proteins play prominent roles in inducing vacuolar membrane remodeling. This is the first report of the 3D structures of viral replication factories built on the tonoplasts. These findings contribute to our understanding of vacuole biogenesis under normal conditions and during assembly of plant (+) RNA virus replication complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Juncai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ning Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Keith Ka Ki Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Byung-Ho Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Liu W, Feng X, Cao F, Wu D, Zhang G, Vincze E, Wang Y, Chen ZH, Wu F. An ATP binding cassette transporter HvABCB25 confers aluminum detoxification in wild barley. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123371. [PMID: 32763683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) stress in acid soils is one of the major factors limiting crop productivity. ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters have numerous roles in plants, but the link between ABCB protein subfamily and plant Al tolerance is still elusive. Here, we identified and characterized a novel tonoplast HvABCB25 in barley root cells. HvABCB25 was up-regulated in the transcriptome of Al-tolerant wild barley XZ16 under Al treatment and was highly Al-inducible in root tips. ABCB25 is originated from Streptophyte algae and evolutionarily conserved in land plants. Moreover, silencing HvABCB25 in Al-tolerant XZ16 led to significant suppression of Al tolerance as indicated by significantly reduced root growth and enhanced Al accumulation in root cells. Conversely, HvABCB25-overexpressed plants and Golden Promise showed similar Al content in whole roots and in cell sap, but the overexpression lines exhibited significantly higher Al-induced relative root growth and dry weight. Al florescence in cytosol of root cells were significantly less in overexpression lines than that in GP. These results indicated that overexpressing HvABCB25 may be responsible for Al detoxification via vacuolar Al sequestration in barley roots, providing useful insight into the genetic basis for a new Al detoxification mechanism towards plant Al tolerance in acid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Liu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fangbin Cao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Eva Vincze
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Fosøgsvej 1, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Feibo Wu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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42
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Cubero-Font P, De Angeli A. Connecting vacuolar and plasma membrane transport networks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:755-762. [PMID: 33007120 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated control of ion transport across the two major membranes of differentiated plant cells, the plasma and the vacuolar membranes, is fundamental in cell physiology. The stomata responses to the fluctuating environmental conditions are an illustrative example. Indeed, they rely on the coordination of ion fluxes between the different cell compartments. The cytosolic environment, which is an interface between intracellular compartments, and the activity of the ion transporters localised in the different membranes influence one each other. Here we analyse the molecular mechanisms connecting and modulating the transport processes at both the plasma and the vacuolar membranes of guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Cubero-Font
- BPMP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Alexis De Angeli
- BPMP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
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43
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Vu DP, Martins Rodrigues C, Jung B, Meissner G, Klemens PAW, Holtgräwe D, Fürtauer L, Nägele T, Nieberl P, Pommerrenig B, Neuhaus HE. Vacuolar sucrose homeostasis is critical for plant development, seed properties, and night-time survival in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4930-4943. [PMID: 32361766 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Most cellular sucrose is present in the cytosol and vacuoles of plant cells; however, little is known about the effect of this sucrose compartmentation on plant properties. Here, we examined the effects of altered intracellular sucrose compartmentation in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves by heterologously expressing the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) vacuolar sucrose loader BvTST2.1 and by generating lines with reduced vacuolar invertase activity (amiR vi1-2). Heterologous expression of BvTST2.1 led to increased monosaccharide levels in leaves, whereas sucrose levels remained constant, indicating that vacuolar invertase activity in mesophyll vacuoles exceeds sucrose uptake. This notion was supported by analysis of tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) leaves transiently expressing BvTST2.1 and the invertase inhibitor NbVIF. However, sucrose levels were strongly elevated in leaf extracts from amiR vi1-2 lines, and experiments confirmed that sucrose accumulated in the corresponding vacuoles. The amiR vi1-2 lines exhibited impaired early development and reduced seed weight. When germinated in the dark, amiR vi1-2 seedlings were less able to convert sucrose into monosaccharides than the wild type. Cold temperatures strongly down-regulated both VI genes, but the amiR vi1-2 lines showed normal frost tolerance. These observations indicate that increased vacuolar sucrose levels fully compensate for the effects of low monosaccharide concentrations on frost tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Phuong Vu
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Jung
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Garvin Meissner
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Patrick A W Klemens
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Daniela Holtgräwe
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Biologie, Genetik & Genomik der Pflanzen, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lisa Fürtauer
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Biologie I, Evolutionäre Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Nägele
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Biologie I, Evolutionäre Zellbiologie der Pflanzen, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Petra Nieberl
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fakultät für Biologie, Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Biologie, Pflanzenphysiologie, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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44
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Overexpression of Melon Tonoplast Sugar Transporter CmTST1 Improved Root Growth under High Sugar Content. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103524. [PMID: 32429319 PMCID: PMC7279021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar allocation is based on the source-to-sink and intracellular transport between different organelles, and sugar transporters are usually involved in these processes. Tonoplast sugar transporters (TST) are responsible for transporting sugar into vacuoles; however, the role of TSTs in root growth and the response to abiotic stress is poorly studied. Here, RNA analysis and promoter-β-glucuronidase staining revealed that a melon TST1 gene (CmTST1) is highly expressed in the roots. The sugar feeding experiment results showed that the expression of CmTST1 in the roots was induced by a relatively high level of sucrose (6%), glucose (3%), and fructose (3%). The ectopic overexpression of CmTST1 in Arabidopsis improved the root and shoot growth of seedlings under high exogenous sugar stress. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of CmTST1 promoted the expression of plasma membrane-located sugar transporters. We proposed that CmTST1 plays a key role in importing sugar transport into the vacuoles of roots in response to metabolic demands to maintain cytosolic sugar homeostasis.
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45
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Xu H, Zou Q, Yang G, Jiang S, Fang H, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Wang N, Chen X. MdMYB6 regulates anthocyanin formation in apple both through direct inhibition of the biosynthesis pathway and through substrate removal. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:72. [PMID: 32377362 PMCID: PMC7195469 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin biosynthesis and sugar metabolism are important processes during plant growth, but the molecular interactions underlying these pathways are still unclear. In this work, we analyzed the anthocyanin and soluble sugar contents, as well as the transcript levels of transcription factors that are known to be related to the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in 'Hongcui 1' apple flesh during fruit development. Overexpression of MdMYB6 in red-fleshed calli was found to reduce anthocyanin content and result in downregulated expression of the MdANS and MdGSTF12 proteins. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift analyses showed that MdMYB6 could directly bind to the promoters of MdANS and MdGSTF12, indicating that MdMYB6 could inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis by regulating MdANS and MdGSTF12. Overexpression of MdTMT1 in the Arabidopsis tmt1 mutant restored the glucose and fructose contents to the wild-type levels, while overexpression of MdTMT1 in red-fleshed calli increased the contents of glucose and fructose but reduced the contents of UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, and anthocyanin. Using a GUS reporter system, yeast one-hybrid, chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR and electrophoretic mobility shift analyses, we found that MdMYB6 could bind to the promoter of MdTMT1, resulting in increased promoter activity. Overexpression of MdMYB6 in calli overexpressing MdTMT1 increased the expression of MdTMT1, which led to reduced contents of UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose and decreased anthocyanin content compared to those of the calli that overexpressed MdTMT1. This finding suggested that MdMYB6 could also inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis by regulating MdTMT1 to decrease the contents of UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose. Taken together, these results showed that MdMYB6 and MdTMT1 play key roles in both anthocyanin biosynthesis and sugar transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Qi Zou
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Guanxian Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Shenghui Jiang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, 271018 China
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Liu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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47
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Alejandro S, Höller S, Meier B, Peiter E. Manganese in Plants: From Acquisition to Subcellular Allocation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:300. [PMID: 32273877 PMCID: PMC7113377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient for plant growth and development and sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments. The metal is an essential cofactor for the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of the photosynthetic machinery, catalyzing the water-splitting reaction in photosystem II (PSII). Despite the importance of Mn for photosynthesis and other processes, the physiological relevance of Mn uptake and compartmentation in plants has been underrated. The subcellular Mn homeostasis to maintain compartmented Mn-dependent metabolic processes like glycosylation, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis is mediated by a multitude of transport proteins from diverse gene families. However, Mn homeostasis may be disturbed under suboptimal or excessive Mn availability. Mn deficiency is a serious, widespread plant nutritional disorder in dry, well-aerated and calcareous soils, as well as in soils containing high amounts of organic matter, where bio-availability of Mn can decrease far below the level that is required for normal plant growth. By contrast, Mn toxicity occurs on poorly drained and acidic soils in which high amounts of Mn are rendered available. Consequently, plants have evolved mechanisms to tightly regulate Mn uptake, trafficking, and storage. This review provides a comprehensive overview, with a focus on recent advances, on the multiple functions of transporters involved in Mn homeostasis, as well as their regulatory mechanisms in the plant's response to different conditions of Mn availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alejandro
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | | | | | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
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48
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Raddatz N, Morales de los Ríos L, Lindahl M, Quintero FJ, Pardo JM. Coordinated Transport of Nitrate, Potassium, and Sodium. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32211003 PMCID: PMC7067972 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) and nitrogen (N) are essential nutrients, and their absorption and distribution within the plant must be coordinated for optimal growth and development. Potassium is involved in charge balance of inorganic and organic anions and macromolecules, control of membrane electrical potential, pH homeostasis and the regulation of cell osmotic pressure, whereas nitrogen is an essential component of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Nitrate (NO3 -) is often the primary nitrogen source, but it also serves as a signaling molecule to the plant. Nitrate regulates root architecture, stimulates shoot growth, delays flowering, regulates abscisic acid-independent stomata opening, and relieves seed dormancy. Plants can sense K+/NO3 - levels in soils and adjust accordingly the uptake and root-to-shoot transport to balance the distribution of these ions between organs. On the other hand, in small amounts sodium (Na+) is categorized as a "beneficial element" for plants, mainly as a "cheap" osmolyte. However, at high concentrations in the soil, Na+ can inhibit various physiological processes impairing plant growth. Hence, plants have developed specific mechanisms to transport, sense, and respond to a variety of Na+ conditions. Sodium is taken up by many K+ transporters, and a large proportion of Na+ ions accumulated in shoots appear to be loaded into the xylem by systems that show nitrate dependence. Thus, an adequate supply of mineral nutrients is paramount to reduce the noxious effects of salts and to sustain crop productivity under salt stress. In this review, we will focus on recent research unraveling the mechanisms that coordinate the K+-NO3 -; Na+-NO3 -, and K+-Na+ transports, and the regulators controlling their uptake and allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José M. Pardo
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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49
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Huang X, Duan S, Wu Q, Yu M, Shabala S. Reducing Cadmium Accumulation in Plants: Structure-Function Relations and Tissue-Specific Operation of Transporters in the Spotlight. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E223. [PMID: 32050442 PMCID: PMC7076666 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is present in many soils and, when entering the food chain, represents a major health threat to humans. Reducing Cd accumulation in plants is complicated by the fact that most known Cd transporters also operate in the transport of essential nutrients such as Zn, Fe, Mn, or Cu. This work summarizes the current knowledge of mechanisms mediating Cd uptake, radial transport, and translocation within the plant. It is concluded that real progress in the field may be only achieved if the transport of Cd and the above beneficial micronutrients is uncoupled, and we discuss the possible ways of achieving this goal. Accordingly, we suggest that the major focus of research in the field should be on the structure-function relations of various transporter isoforms and the functional assessment of their tissue-specific operation. Of specific importance are two tissues. The first one is a xylem parenchyma in plant roots; a major "controller" of Cd loading into the xylem and its transport to the shoot. The second one is a phloem tissue that operates in the last step of a metal transport. Another promising and currently underexplored avenue is to understand the role of non-selective cation channels in Cd uptake and reveal mechanisms of their regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (X.H.); (S.D.); (Q.W.); (M.Y.)
| | - Songpo Duan
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (X.H.); (S.D.); (Q.W.); (M.Y.)
| | - Qi Wu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (X.H.); (S.D.); (Q.W.); (M.Y.)
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (X.H.); (S.D.); (Q.W.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (X.H.); (S.D.); (Q.W.); (M.Y.)
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia
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Aliche EB, Theeuwen TPJM, Oortwijn M, Visser RGF, van der Linden CG. Carbon partitioning mechanisms in POTATO under drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 146:211-219. [PMID: 31756607 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is an important food crop consumed all over the world, but it is generally sensitive to drought conditions. One of the major physiological processes affected by drought stress is carbon partitioning: the plant's choice of where to allocate its photoassimilates. Our aim was to investigate the molecular factors and possible bottlenecks affecting carbon partitioning during drought. We studied potato cultivars with contrasting drought responses in the greenhouse in the years 2013-2015, and further investigated the expression of genes involved in carbon partitioning and metabolite levels. Our results indicate that one of the most severe effects of drought stress on potato is the arrest of stolon differentiation and formation of tubers. We also identified some physiological traits like stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content as affecting carbon assimilation, partitioning and eventual tuber yield. The gene expressions and biochemical analyses highlight the various tissues prioritized by the plant for assimilate transport during drought stress, and give indications of what distinguishes drought tolerance and sensitivity of cultivated potato. Some of the key genes studied (like Sucrose synthase and Sucrose transporters) may be inclusive breeding targets for drought tolerance in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest B Aliche
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom P J M Theeuwen
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Oortwijn
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G F Visser
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - C Gerard van der Linden
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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