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Ranabhat S, Brabec D, Lillich M, Scheff DS, Zhu KY, Bingham GV, Morrison WR. Leveraging long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting to improve fumigation efficacy against stored product insects. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39324690 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) has successfully been used to impair mobility and prevent infestation of stored grain by stored product beetles. Understanding how to integrate LLIN with existing integrated pest management (IPM) tactics, such as phosphine fumigation, can further enhance IPM programs. RESULTS We used three 110 metric tons (MT) capacity grain bins, and in each, 60 perforated buckets (e.g., miniature silos) were filled with 500 g of uninfested wheat. Miniature silos were protected by LLIN (0.3% α-cypermethrin, Carifend®, BASF), positive control (without insecticide), or negative control (no netting). Half of each treatment was randomly assigned to phosphine fumigation treatment, while the remainder were not fumigated. Monthly samples of 100 g of grain from four silos from each treatment in four blocks from three-grain bins were taken between June and October both in 2022 and 2023. We determined whether phosphine fumigation could be reduced with the use of LLIN over the season. Overall, we found that silos protected with LLIN showed insect dispersal and progeny production that was reduced by 83-99% and 89-99%, respectively, compared with insecticide-free netting and no-netting controls. Additionally, damage in silos was reduced by 37-99% compared with controls. Importantly, the total number of fumigations could be reduced by 68-91% by using LLIN compared with controls. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that LLIN is consistently effective for existing pest management tactics such as phosphine fumigation in bulk storage structures. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabita Ranabhat
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Daniel Brabec
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain, and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Madison Lillich
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Deanna S Scheff
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain, and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Kun Yan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Georgina V Bingham
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - William R Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain, and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Quinn E, Ben-Simchon E, Gorelick J, Oka Y, Frenkel O, Sionov E, Kostyukovsky M, Dudai N, Shimshoni J, Zilkah S, Cohen M, Rapaport A, Shelef O. Examination of genetic lines of Myrtus communis as potential sources of organic agricultural pest control agents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35658. [PMID: 39170561 PMCID: PMC11336825 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Myrtus communis is a Mediterranean shrub cultivated in Israel for traditional, ceremonial use only, with more than 98 % of the crop biomass, equivalent to 26-27 tons per ha per annum, considered agricultural waste. Therefore, potentially profitable use for this excess is being highly sought. As Myrtus is also known for its unique terpene and terpenoid content, this work evaluated the impact of essential oil (EO) extracted from several M. communis cultivars on storage insects, nematodes, fungi, and pathogens. In addition, the allelopathic effect of M. communis litter on the germination success of wheat seeds was evaluated. The EO extracts demonstrated an insecticidal effect on several storage insects in fumigation experiment and a potentially inhibiting effect on wheat development in allelopathy experiments. No significant impact of M. communis EOs on the examined fungi, pathogens, and nematodes was recorded. Additional uses of the M. communis biomass suggest supplying additional income to the farmer through the circular agriculture approach. In addition, the use of this local crop can contribute to sustainable intensification by increasing farming efficiency, providing nature-based substitutes for chemical pesticides, and possibly, improving the future design of agriculture through the integration of Myrtus in monoculture crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elazar Quinn
- Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | - Eyal Ben-Simchon
- The R.H. Smith Institute of Plant Science and Genetics in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
- Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | | | - Yuji Oka
- Nematology Unit, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Negev, Israel
| | - Omer Frenkel
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | - Edward Sionov
- Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | - Moshe Kostyukovsky
- Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | - Nativ Dudai
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | - Jakob Shimshoni
- Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | - Shmuel Zilkah
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | - Menashe Cohen
- Avnei Eitan Experiment Station, Golan Heights, Israel
| | - Aviv Rapaport
- Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
| | - Oren Shelef
- Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute, Rishon Le Tzion, Israel
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Sakka MK, Jagadeesan R, Baliota GV, Nayak MK, Vontas J, Athanassiou CG. High concentrations of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) enhance toxicity of S-methoprene against the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:51344-51352. [PMID: 39110286 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Insect growth regulators (IGRs) have been playing a major role in the effective management of a range of stored product insect pests including species that have developed resistance to major groups of insecticides, such as organophosphates (OPs) and synthetic pyrethroids (SPs). In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of S-methoprene alone and in combination with piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an adjuvant component of insecticides for synergy, against two strains, Lab-S (susceptible) and Met-R (Methoprene resistant) of an economically important pest species, the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae). Adults of both Lab-S and Met-R strains were exposed to wheat treated with multiple concentrations of S-methoprene ranging from 0.001 to 0.01 and 10 to 60 mg/kg, respectively, alone and in combination with PBO. A variety of concentrations, including 0.27, 0.53, 0.80, and 1.07 g/kg, were evaluated for PBO. Mortality of adults and percent reduction in progeny were assessed after 14 and 65 days of treatment, respectively. As anticipated, the adult mortality rates of both strains were not significantly affected by S-methoprene alone. However, the number of progeny produced confirmed that the Met-R strain exhibited a high level of resistance to S-methoprene alone, with over 50 F1 progeny adults surviving in wheat treated with the maximal rate, 10 mg/kg. In contrast, the toxicity of S-methoprene was increased against the same resistant strain (Met-R), by 0.80 or 1.07 g/kg of PBO in combination treatment, resulting in a significant reduction in progeny numbers (25 adults per container). Although the tested concentrations of S-methoprene and PBO were well above the currently registered rate globally, our results highlight the fact that PBO enhances the toxicity of S-methoprene to some extent, reaffirming that the mode of action of the latter involves the inhibition of mixed-function oxidases (MFOs) and highlights the need for further research into developing potential binary or triplet formulations containing these two active ingredients (AIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Sakka
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Street, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece.
| | - Rajeswaran Jagadeesan
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queenland, Ecosciences Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
- School of Environment, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Georgia V Baliota
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Street, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Manoj K Nayak
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queenland, Ecosciences Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Street, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
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Altunç YE, Sakka MK, Gourgouta M, Morrison WR, Güncan A, Athanassiou CG. Exploring the efficacy of pyrethroid incorporated nets for the control of stored product moth species: immediate and delayed effects on Ephestia kuehniella and Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae151. [PMID: 39046850 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Insect pests pose a significant threat to stored commodities, necessitating the exploration of alternative pest management strategies. Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated nets (LLINs) have emerged as a promising tool, offering selectivity and reduced ecological impact compared to conventional chemical approaches. However, their efficacy against Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), cosmopolitan stored product moth species, has remained underexplored. This study investigated the immediate and delayed effects of 2 commercial pyrethroid-incorporated nets, Carifend (0.34% α-cypermethrin) and D-Terrence (0.4% deltamethrin), on the adult and larval stages. Both LLINs demonstrated high efficacy in controlling E. kuehniella and P. interpunctella, with mortality rates reaching up to 100% depending on exposure and post-exposure durations. Particularly, rapid knockdown was observed with D-Terrence net inducing 100% of adults in P. interpunctella after 30 min exposure. LLINs achieved almost 100% immediate mortality rate against adults after just 1 day of exposure. In addition, immediate rates of affected individuals reached as high as 81% and 91% in E. kuehniella and P. interpunctella larvae, respectively, following just 5 h of exposure to the D-Terrence. Different responses were observed between the adult and larval stages, with larvae exhibiting higher tolerance and potential for recovery from the affected phase after short exposures. There were increasing mortality rates after greater exposure to LLIN. Findings highlight the potential of LLINs as a pest management tool in storage facilities against these important stored product moths. Understanding the responses between life stages and the significance of delayed effects is crucial for optimizing LLIN deployment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Emre Altunç
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Maria K Sakka
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Marina Gourgouta
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
| | - William R Morrison
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Ali Güncan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
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Mostafiz MM, Hwang HS, Kim JR, Kim BS, Lee KY. The Fumigation Toxicity of Three Benzoate Compounds against Phosphine-Susceptible and Phosphine-Resistant Strains of Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae. INSECTS 2024; 15:477. [PMID: 39057210 PMCID: PMC11276816 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Phosphine (PH3) has been widely used as a fumigant in food storage, but increasing PH3 resistance in major pests makes finding alternative fumigants urgent. Methyl benzoate (MBe), a volatile organic compound regarded to be a food-safe natural product, has recently demonstrated significant toxicity against a variety of insect pests. This study is the first evaluation of the fumigation toxicity of three benzoate compounds, MBe, vinyl benzoate, and ethyl benzoate, against PH3-susceptible and PH3-resistant strains of Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus oryzae. All strains were exposed to the compounds at concentrations up to 20 µL/1.5 L air for 24 h. Compared to vinyl benzoate and ethyl benzoate, MBe induced higher mortality rates in all strains at all concentrations. When food was made available, the lethal median concentration for MBe was 10-17-fold higher than when tested without food. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between the responses of the PH3-susceptible and PH3-resistant strains to the compounds. Notably, S. oryzae was more susceptible to MBe. In laboratory settings, MBe successfully controlled PH3-resistant strains of R. dominica and S. oryzae, making it a viable option for PH3-resistance management. Thus, MBe might be suitable for food security programs as an environmentally benign alternative fumigant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Munir Mostafiz
- Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (M.M.M.); (H.-S.H.)
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwal-Su Hwang
- Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (M.M.M.); (H.-S.H.)
- Institute of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ran Kim
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (J.-R.K.); (B.-S.K.)
| | - Bong-Su Kim
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (J.-R.K.); (B.-S.K.)
| | - Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
- Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (M.M.M.); (H.-S.H.)
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Hernandes N, Qi XM, Bhide S, Brown C, Camm BJ, Baxter SW, Robin C. Acetylcholine esterase of Drosophila melanogaster: a laboratory model to explore insecticide susceptibility gene drives. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2950-2964. [PMID: 38344908 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the proposed applications of gene drives has been to revert pesticide resistant mutations back to the ancestral susceptible state. Insecticides that have become ineffective because of the rise of resistance could have reinvigorated utility and be used to suppress pest populations again, perhaps at lower application doses. RESULTS We have created a laboratory model for susceptibility gene drives that replaces field-selected resistant variants of the acetylcholine esterase (Ace) locus of Drosophila melanogaster with ancestral susceptible variants. We constructed a CRISPR/Cas9 homing drive and found that homing occurred in many genetic backgrounds with varying efficiencies. While the drive itself could not be homozygous, it converted resistant alleles into susceptible ones and produced recessive lethal alleles that could suppress populations. Our studies provided evidence for two distinct classes of gene drive resistance (GDR): rather than being mediated by the conventional non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway, one seemed to involve short homologous repair and the other was defined by genetic background. Additionally, we used simulations to explore a distinct application of susceptibility drives; the use of chemicals to prevent the spread of synthetic gene drives into protected areas. CONCLUSIONS Insecticide susceptibility gene drives could be useful tools to control pest insects however problems with particularities of target loci and GDR will need to be overcome for them to be effective. Furthermore, realistic patterns of pest dispersal and high insecticide exposure rates would be required if susceptibility were to be useful as a 'safety-switch' to prevent the unwanted spread of gene drives. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Hernandes
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaomeng Mollyann Qi
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Soumitra Bhide
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Courtney Brown
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Camm
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon W Baxter
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles Robin
- The School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Shah S, Zhang FR, Ge YW, Elgizawy KK, Wu G, Shi CM, Wang XP, Yang FL. Microcapsules of mesoporous silica and cyclodextrin modified loaded with nonanal and decanal for effective control of Sitotroga cerealella in grain storage environments. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2668-2678. [PMID: 38411319 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella, is a destructive pest of maize, wheat, and rice, causing economic losses and threatening food security. This study aimed to develop and characterize microcapsules of mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSN) and cyclodextrin-modified mesoporous silica nanospheres (CDMSN) containing two aldehydes, nonanal and decanal, found in plant essential oils, to assess their attractiveness to S. cerealella populations. RESULTS Microcapsules with 2:1 ratio of nonanal and decanal exhibited an average encapsulation efficiency of 39.82% for MSN loaded with nonanal and decanal (MSN-ND) and 46.10% for CDMSN loaded with nonanal and decanal (CDMSN-ND). They have an elliptical shape with particle sizes of 115 nm for MSN and 175 nm for CDMSN. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed in vitro release of nonanal in MSN at 96.24% and decanal at 96.42% by the 36th day. CDMSN showed releases of 93.83% for nonanal and 93.74% for decanal by the 50th day. CDMSN-ND attracted adult S. cerealella for 43 days, while MSN-ND remained effective for 29 days. In mass trapping assays in simulated grain warehouse, both MSN-ND and CDMSN-ND trapped over 50% of the adult population within 7 days, significantly reducing grain infestation rates below 10% by inhibiting F1 adult emergence. At temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 35 °C, both microcapsules exhibited significant and effective attraction rates for S. cerealella. Stored wheat seeds treated with CDMSN and CDMSN-ND over 1 year showed no significant differences in key germination parameters. CONCLUSION Microencapsulated nonanal and decanal offer a promising, sustainable approach for controlling S. cerealella infestation in stored grains, contributing to global food security. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakhawat Shah
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Rui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yv-Wen Ge
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | | | - Gang Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Mei Shi
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lian Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Lokesh M, Sreekrishnakumar AK, Sahu U, Vendan SE. Influence of molecular descriptors of plant volatilomics on fumigant action against the three major stored product beetle pests. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:35455-35469. [PMID: 38730215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Plant volatilomics such as essential oils (EOs) and volatile phytochemicals (PCs) are known as potential natural sources for the development of biofumigants as an alternative to conventional fumigant pesticides. This present work was aimed to evaluate the fumigant toxic effect of five selected EOs (cinnamon, garlic, lemon, orange, and peppermint) and PCs (citronellol, limonene, linalool, piperitone, and terpineol) against the Callosobruchus maculatus, Sitophilus oryzae, and Tribolium castaneum adults. Furthermore, for the estimation of the relationship between molecular descriptors and fumigant toxicity of plant volatiles, quantitative structural activity relationship (QSAR) models were developed using principal component analysis and multiple linear regression. Amongst the tested EOs, garlic EO was found to be the most toxic fumigant. The PCs toxicity analysis revealed that terpineol, limonene, linalool, and piperitone as potential fumigants to C. maculatus (< 20 µL/L air of LC50), limonene and piperitone as potential fumigants to T. castaneum (14.35 and 154.11 µL/L air of LC50, respectively), and linalool and piperitone as potential fumigants to S. oryzae (192.27 and 69.10 µL/L air of LC50, respectively). QSAR analysis demonstrated the role of various molecular descriptors of EOs and PCs on the fumigant toxicity in insect pest species. In specific, dipole and Randic index influence the toxicity in C. maculatus, molecular weight and maximal projection area influence the toxicity in S. oryzae, and boiling point and Dreiding energy influence the toxicity in T. castaneum. The present findings may provide insight of a new strategy to select effective EOs and/or PCs against stored product insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurya Lokesh
- Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, Karnataka, India
| | - Aswathi Kozhissery Sreekrishnakumar
- Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Urvashi Sahu
- Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, Karnataka, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Subramanian Ezhil Vendan
- Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, Karnataka, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
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9
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Lu S, Zhang L, Lu Y, Chen M, Wang Z. Host Volatiles Potentially Drive Two Evolutionarily Related Weevils to Select Different Grains. INSECTS 2024; 15:300. [PMID: 38786856 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) and Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil) are two insect pests that have caused huge economic losses to stored grains worldwide. It is urgent to develop an environmentally friendly strategy for the control of these destructive pests. Here, the olfactory-mediated selection preference of the two weevil species to three stored grains was analyzed, which should help establish a pull-push system in managing them. Bioassays showed that maize weevil adults prefer to select maize, followed by paddy and wheat, while rice weevil adults mainly migrate towards wheat. Volatile analyses revealed that 2-ethylhexanol, piperitone, and (+)-Δ-cadiene are the major components in volatiles from both maize and wheat, but the abundance of these chemicals is much lower in maize than that in wheat. The volatile limonene was only detected in paddy. Y-tube bioassays suggest that 2-ethylhexanol, piperitone, and (+)-Δ-cadiene were all attractive to both weevils, whereas limonene was attractive only to rice weevils. Overall, maize weevil appeared more sensitive to the tested volatiles based on having much lower effective concentrations of these volatiles needed to attract them. The differences in volatile profiles among the grains and the sensitivity of the two species towards these volatiles may explain the behavioral differences between maize and rice weevils in selecting host grains. The differences in sensitivity of maize and rice weevils towards host volatile components with abundance differences are likely determinants driving the two insect species to migrate towards different host grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Lu
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lingfang Zhang
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yujie Lu
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Mingshun Chen
- USDA-ARS-PSERU, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Gawali PP, Toragall V, Madhurya L, Yannam SK, Ezhil Vendan S. Physicochemical comparison of chitin characteristics in three major stored-product beetle pests: Implications for biofumigant toxicity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130759. [PMID: 38493810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigates the chitin properties of stored-product insect pests and their association with the fumigant toxicity of garlic essential oil. Chitin isolates of Callosobruchus maculatus, Sitophilus oryzae, and Tribolium castaneum adults were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, EA, SEM-EDS, and NMR techniques. Fumigant toxicity assay was performed under airtight condition in glass vial. The S. oryzae contains highest chitin content (19 %), followed by T. castaneum (10 %) and C. maculatus (8 %). The degree of crystallinity was lower in C. maculatus (67.13 %) than in S. oryzae (77.05 %) and T. castaneum (76.56 %). Morphologically, C. maculatus chitin displayed a flat lamellar surface with pores, while S. oryzae and T. castaneum exhibited densely arranged microfibrils based surfaces. Fumigant toxicity assays revealed varied susceptibility levels, C. maculatus exhibited higher susceptibility (0.27 μL/L air of LC50) compared to S. oryzae and T. castaneum (14.35 and 3.74 μL/L air of LC50, respectively) to garlic essential oil. The higher chitin content, greater crystallinity, and densely arranged structures in S. oryzae might contribute to its tolerance towards fumigant. Additionally, physico-chemical properties and penetration potentiality of the bioactive constituents might be linked to the toxicity in insects. Understanding these relations can enrich knowledge of chitin's role in fumigant toxicity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Prabhakar Gawali
- Traditional Foods and Applied Nutrition Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Veeresh Toragall
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India; Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India
| | - Lokesh Madhurya
- Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, India
| | - Sudheer Kumar Yannam
- Traditional Foods and Applied Nutrition Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Subramanian Ezhil Vendan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India; Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, India.
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11
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Ferreira SR, da Silva KM, Simão BR, Baptista KEV, da Paschoa R, Silveira V, Fernandes KVS, Oliveira AEA. Seeds of nonhost species as sources of toxic compounds for the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 200:105829. [PMID: 38582575 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus, is the primary pest of stored cowpea seeds. The management of this infestation currently relies on insecticides, resulting in environmental pollution and selection of insecticide-resistant pests. Consequently, research efforts are being devoted to identify natural insecticides as sustainable and environment friendly alternatives for the control of C. maculatus. In this study, we explore the toxic effects of the nonhost seeds Parkia multijuga, Copaifera langsdorffii, Ormosia arborea, Amburana cearensis, Lonchocarpus guilleminianus, Sapindus saponaria, and Myroxylon peruiferum, on the cowpea weevil C. maculatus. Notably, all nonhost seeds led to reductions between 60 and 100% in oviposition by C. maculatus females. Additionally, the larvae were unable to penetrate the nonhost seeds. Artificial seeds containing 0.05% to 10% of cotyledon flour were toxic to C. maculatus larvae. Approximately 40% of larvae that consumed seeds containing 0.05% of O. arborea failed to develop, in contrast to control larvae. Proteomic analysis of A. cearensis and O. arborea seeds identify revealed a total of 371 proteins. From those, 237 are present in both seeds, 91 were exclusive to O. arborea seeds, and 43 were specific to A. cearensis seeds. Some of these proteins are related to defense, such as proteins containing the cupin domain and 11S seed storage protein. The in silico docking of cupin domain-containing proteins and 11S storage protein with N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)4 showed negative values of affinity energy, indicating spontaneous binding. These results showed that nonhost seeds have natural insecticide compounds with potential to control C. maculatus infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rodrigues Ferreira
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Karine Marques da Silva
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Bruna Rohem Simão
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Kayan Eudorico Ventury Baptista
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Roberta da Paschoa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Vanildo Silveira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Kátia Valevski Sales Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Antônia Elenir Amâncio Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil.
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12
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Sakka MK, Mavridis K, Papapostolou KM, Riga M, Vontas J, Athanassiou CG. Development, application and evaluation of three novel TaqMan qPCR assays for phosphine resistance monitoring in major stored product pests Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:275-281. [PMID: 37671455 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKROUND Stored product protection from insect pests relies heavily on the use of phosphine. The most serious drawback of phosphine is the development of resistance in major stored product insects worldwide, including the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). Two genetic loci are responsible for phosphine resistance: the rph1 (S349G mutation in the cyt-b5-r homolog) in T. castaneum and the rph2 (P45/49S mutation in the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (dld) gene) in T. castaneum and R. dominica. RESULTS In this study, we have developed and applied high-throughput, practical and specific molecular diagnostics (TaqMan qPCR) for monitoring mutations S349G, P45S and P49S. In our pilot monitoring application, we have included phosphine-resistant and susceptible populations from different parts of the world (USA, Australia, Brazil) and European strains from Greece and Serbia. Our results for the resistant T. castaneum showed a P45S mutant allele frequency (MAF) of 100% and 75.0% in the populations from Serbia and Brazil, respectively. Regarding the susceptible T. castaneum, P45S was detected in Greece (MAF = 62.5%) and was absent in Australia (MAF = 0.0%). Additionally, the S349G mutation was found to be fixed in all resistant populations, while it was also detected in susceptible ones (frequencies: 65.0% and 100.0%). The only case where both mutations were fixed (100%) was a resistant population from Serbia. In R. dominica, the P49S mutation was found only in the two resistant R. dominica populations from Serbia and Greece (50.0% and 100%) and was absent from the susceptible one from Greece; thus, P49S seems to be a satisfactory indicator for monitoring phosphine resistance. CONCLUSIONS Our P49S detection assay in R. dominica seems to be a viable option in this direction, yet its utilization needs additional large-scale confirmatory work. The identification of additional resistance markers also should be prioritized. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Sakka
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Maria Papapostolou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Riga
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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13
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Wang Y, Bian XK, Zhang L, Chen WY, Lyu QJ, Du SS. The essential oil of Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. as a potential repellent against stored-product insects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:124416-124424. [PMID: 37996575 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemical composition of the essential oil from Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. (syn. Bassia scoparia (L.) A. J. Scott) was analyzed in quality and quantity by GC-MS and GC-FID. Repellent activities of the essential oil from K. scoparia (KSEO) were evaluated against two common species of stored-product insects Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel. Results indicated that KSEO mainly consisted of eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene, accounting for 75.6%, 8.2%, and 1.4% of the total oil, respectively. KSEO and the three major components were repellent to T. castaneum and L. bostrychophila adults. Notably, KSEO exerted significant effects, comparable to the positive control DEET at 2 and 4 h post-exposure. Eugenol at 63.17-2.53 nL/cm2 exhibited high percentage repellency ranging from 96 to 70% against L. bostrychophila during 4-h exposure. To gain further insights into the repellent activity, molecular docking simulation was performed with eugenol as the ligand and an odorant binding protein TcOBPC12 (gene: TcOBP10B) from the model insect T. castaneum as the receptor. Docking calculation results revealed that TcOBPC12 had binding affinity to eugenol (△G = - 4.52 kcal/mol) along with a hydrogen bond of 0.18 nm (1.8 Å) long forming between them, which could be an important target protein associated with identifying volatile repellent molecules. This work highlights the promising potential of KSEO as a botanical repellent for controlling stored-product insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xiao-Kun Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Yan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiu-Ju Lyu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu-Shan Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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14
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Li L, Shan C, Liu Q, Li B, Liu T. Comparative Analysis of the Metabolic Profiles of Strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Adults with Different Levels of Phosphine Resistance Based on Direct Immersion Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:7721. [PMID: 38067452 PMCID: PMC10707947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of phosphine (PH3) resistance in stored grain pests is an essential component of implementing timely and effective pest control strategies. The prevailing standard method for PH3 resistance testing involves the exposure of adult insects to a specific concentration over a fixed period. Although it is widely adopted, this method necessitates an extensive period for assay preparation and diagnosis. To address this issue, this study employed Direct Immersion Solid-Phase Microextraction (DI-SPME) coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to compare and analyze the metabolic profiles of PH3-sensitive (TC-S), PH3 weak-resistant (TC-W), and PH3 strong-resistant (TC-SR) Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults. A total of 36 metabolites were identified from 3 different PH3-resistant strains of T. castaneum; 29 metabolites were found to present significant differences (p < 0.05) across these groups, with hydrocarbon and aromatic compounds being particularly prevalent. Seven metabolites showed no significant variations among the strains, consisting of four hydrocarbon compounds, two iodo-hydrocarbon compounds, and one alcohol compound. Further multivariate statistical analysis revealed a total of three, two, and nine differentially regulated metabolites between the TC-S versus TC-W, TC-S versus TC-SR, and TC-W versus TC-SR groups, respectively. Primarily, these metabolites comprised hydrocarbons and iodo-hydrocarbons, with the majority being associated with insect cuticle metabolism. This study demonstrates that DI-SPME technology is an effective method for studying differentially expressed metabolites in T. castaneum with different levels of PH3 resistance. This approach may help to provide a better understanding of the development of insect PH3 resistance and act as a valuable reference for the establishment of rapid diagnostic techniques for insect PH3 resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, No. A3 Gaobeidianbeilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China; (L.L.); (C.S.); (Q.L.); (B.L.)
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15
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Lu T, Lu Y, Wang L, Liu Z, Miao S, Tai Y, Yang B. The serine/threonine kinase Akt gene affects fecundity by reducing Juvenile hormone synthesis in Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105583. [PMID: 37945269 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase Akt is an important component of the insulin signalling pathway (ISP) in regulating insect metabolism, growth, and reproduction. The psocid Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) is a distasteful stored products pest for its fecundity. However, the molecular mechanism of Akt that controls vitellogenesis and oviposition in L. entomophila remains obscure. In this study, the function of the Akt gene in the female reproduction of L. entomophila (designated as LeAkt) was characterized and investigated. LeAkt contains a 1587 bp open reading frame encoding a 529 amino acid protein that possesses a conserved Pleckstrin Homology domain (PH) and a Ser/Thr-type protein kinase (S_TKc) domain. The mRNA expression of LeAkt was the highest in female adult stages and peaked for 7-day female adults. In female adult tissues, LeAkt was highly expressed in the head and the ovary, indicating that LeAkt was closely correlated with female ovarian development. LeAkt transcription level was significantly suppressed by oral feeding on artificial diets mixed with dsRNA-LeAkt. RNAi-mediated silencing of LeAkt led to a severe inhibition of vitellogenein (Vg) expression and ovarian development, together with lower fecundity and hatchability compared to that of the normal feeding group, suggesting a critical role for LeAkt in L. entomophila reproduction. Further studies revealed that LeAkt silencing significantly decreased the mRNA levels of several signalling and biosynthetic genes in the juvenile hormone (JH) signalling pathway, such as methoprene-tolerant (LeMet), krüppel homolog 1 (LeKr-h1) and JH methyltransferase (LeJHAMT), leading to a severe inhibition of JH biosynthesis in L. entomophila female adults. These results suggested that LeAkt was affecting JH synthesis, thereby influencing Vg synthesis and ultimately L. entomophila reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lu
- School of Food Science and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yujie Lu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China; School of Food Science and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhipei Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shiyuan Miao
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yajie Tai
- School of Food Science and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Binbin Yang
- School of Food Science and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Shah S, Elgizawy KK, Wu MY, Yao H, Yan WH, Li Y, Wang XP, Wu G, Yang FL. Diallyl Trisulfide Causes Male Infertility with Oligoasthenoteratospermia in Sitotroga cerealella through the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway. Cells 2023; 12:2507. [PMID: 37887351 PMCID: PMC10605923 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils extracted from plant sources along with their biologically active components may have negative effects on insects. Diallyl trisulfide (DAT) is an active component of garlic essential oil, and it exhibits multi-targeted activity against many organisms. Previously we reported that DAT induces male infertility and leads to apyrene and eupyrene sperm dysfunction in Sitotroga cerealella. In this study, we conducted an analysis of testis-specific RNA-Seq data and identified 449 downregulated genes and 60 upregulated genes in the DAT group compared to the control group. The downregulated genes were significantly enriched in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Furthermore, DAT caused a significant reduction in mRNA expression of proteasome regulatory subunit particles required for ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins as well as decreased the expression profile of proteasome core particles, including β1, β2, and β5. Sperm physiological analysis showed that DAT decreased the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome and formed aggresomes in spermatozoa. Overall, our findings suggest that DAT impairs the testis proteasome, ultimately causing male infertility characterized by oligoasthenoteratospermia due to disruption in sperm proteasome assembly in S. cerealella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakhawat Shah
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.S.); (M.-Y.W.); (W.-H.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.-P.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Karam Khamis Elgizawy
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt;
| | - Meng-Ya Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.S.); (M.-Y.W.); (W.-H.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.-P.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Hucheng Yao
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Wen-Han Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.S.); (M.-Y.W.); (W.-H.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.-P.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Yu Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.S.); (M.-Y.W.); (W.-H.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.-P.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.S.); (M.-Y.W.); (W.-H.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.-P.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Gang Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.S.); (M.-Y.W.); (W.-H.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.-P.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Feng-Lian Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.S.); (M.-Y.W.); (W.-H.Y.); (Y.L.); (X.-P.W.); (G.W.)
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17
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Singh S, Nebapure SM, Taria S, Sagar D, Subramanian S. Current status of phosphine resistance in Indian field populations of Tribolium castaneum and its influence on antioxidant enzyme activities. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16497. [PMID: 37779157 PMCID: PMC10543590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to phosphine is widely reported in several stored product insect pests globally. However, knowledge of its prevalence and the association of antioxidant enzymes with phosphine resistance is limited. Herein, we assessed the levels of phosphine susceptibility and estimated the antioxidant enzyme activities viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and catalase (CAT) in selected Indian populations of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Dose-response probit assays revealed that the LC50 values ranged from 0.038 to 1.277 mg L-1 showing 2.11 to 70.94-fold resistance to phosphine compared to susceptible check. Activities of antioxidant enzymes varied significantly between the T. castaneum populations following phosphine exposure. The magnitude of SOD activity ranged from 8.77 to18.82 U mg-1 protein, while, the activities of POX and CAT varied between 52.42 and 408.32 and 61.11 to 247.49 µM H2O2 reduced min-1 mg-1 of protein, respectively. The correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association of SOD (r = 0.89) and POX (r = 0.98) with increased resistance ratio, while the CAT (r = - 0.98) is negatively linked with resistance to phosphine. A principal component analysis identified phosphine resistance was closely associated with POX and SOD activities but was unrelated to the CAT activity. Our results throw light on the varied association of antioxidant enzyme activities in response to phosphine fumigation in field populations of T. castaneum. Further studies on the biochemical and molecular basis of phosphine stress in insects may help to devise suitable strategies to safeguard storage commodities and ensure a sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyapriya Singh
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Suresh M Nebapure
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sukumar Taria
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Doddachowdappa Sagar
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sabtharishi Subramanian
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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18
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Cui K, Zhou L, Jiang C, Yang S, Zou N, Liu F, He L, Mu W. Residue behavior and efficacy of benzothiazole in grains under different fumigation conditions. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3622-3630. [PMID: 37166082 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzothiazole is a potential grain fumigant for Tribolium castaneum. However, its safety profile and suitable fumigation conditions remain unknown. We therefore investigated the insecticidal efficacy, accumulation and dissipation of benzothiazole in grains (wheat, corn and rice) under different temperatures. RESULTS We established a universal detection method (modified QuEChERS coupled with GC-MS/MS) of benzothiazole residues in three grains, which provided high linearity (R2 > 0.999), sensitivity (limits of detection = 0.001 mg/kg, limits of quantification = 0.002-0.005 mg/kg), accuracy (recoveries = 88.18-118.75%) and precision (relative standard deviations < 4.78%). The insecticidal efficacy order of benzothiazole was 30 ≥ 10 > 20 °C and corn > wheat > rice. Temperature positively affected the accumulation/dissipation rate of benzothiazole. Rice was the most easily accumulated and dissipated grain for benzothiazole residues, while corn accumulated benzothiazole more than wheat but less than rice, with dissipation slower than wheat and rice. CONCLUSION Our results provide important references for the application of benzothiazole and other fumigants. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaofan Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Song Yang
- Jiangsu Product Quality Testing & Inspection Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Zou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Leiming He
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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19
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Sakka MK, Nakas CT, Bochtis D, Athanassiou CG. Quick knockdown results in high mortality: is this theory correct? A case study with phosphine and the red flour beetle. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3740-3748. [PMID: 37226656 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fumigant phosphine is used all over the world for disinfestation of stored grains and commodities. Adults of 23 different populations of Tribolium castaneum from 10 different countries were evaluated for phosphine resistance using a modification of the Detia Degesch Phosphine Tolerance Test Kit (DDPTTK). Adults were exposed to 3000 ppm and recorded for 5-270 min for their mobility. RESULTS Among the tested populations, high levels of phosphine resistance were recorded in populations from Brazil, Serbia, and Spain. No survivals were recorded after 7 days post exposure for eight of 23 in a tested population. CONCLUSIONS Our work revealed four scenarios: 1, quick knockdown-low (or no) recovery; 2, Slow knockdown-high recovery; 3, Quick knockdown-high recovery; and 4, Slow knockdown-low recovery. Our data indicate that post exposure period is critical for the evaluation and characterization of phosphine resistance. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Sakka
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Greece
- Center for Research and Technology, Institute of Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos T Nakas
- Laboratory of Biometry, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Greece
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital of the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dionysis Bochtis
- Center for Research and Technology, Institute of Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Greece
- Center for Research and Technology, Institute of Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology, Thessaloniki, Greece
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20
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Nath A, Gadratagi BG, Maurya RP, Ullah F, Patil NB, Adak T, Govindharaj GPP, Ray A, Mahendiran A, Desneux N, Chandra Rath P. Sublethal phosphine fumigation induces transgenerational hormesis in a factitious host, Corcyra cephalonica. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3548-3558. [PMID: 37183345 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a pest of stored grains and widely used as a factitious host during the mass rearing of several natural enemies of crop pests. Hormesis is well-documented in pest insects, to some extent in natural enemies of pests. RESULTS We report transgenerational stimulatory effects of the widely used fumigant, phosphine. The study reports the consequences of sublethal, low lethal and median lethal concentrations (LC5 , LC25 and LC50 ) and untreated control for two sequential generations of the species (G1 to G2 ). In this study, we investigated the life-history traits, nutrient reserves (protein, lipid and carbohydrate) and larval gut microbiome (using 16 s rRNA V3-V4 metagenomics sequencing) of C. cephalonica. Stimulatory effects were observed for various biological traits of C. cephalonica, notably adult longevity, emergence and increased egg hatchability when exposed to LC5 of phosphine. The total protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents of C. cephalonica also were found to be significantly increased by LC5 in both generations. The microbial diversity of LC5 treated larval gut was higher and found to be different from the rest of the treatments. This is the first report showing hormesis to a fumigant insecticide. CONCLUSION Our findings increase knowledge on the interaction between hormesis, nutrient reserves and gut bacteria in C. cephalonica exposed to insecticides. Overall, the present study establishes phosphine-induced hormesis at LC5 in the host C. cephalonica, which might help improve the quality of mass rearing of various natural enemies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Nath
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | | | - Ravi Prakash Maurya
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Naveenkumar B Patil
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Totan Adak
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | | | - Aishwarya Ray
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, India
| | - Annamalai Mahendiran
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | | | - Prakash Chandra Rath
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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Tang PA, Hu HY, Du WW, Jian FJ, Chen EH. Identification of cuticular protein genes and analysis of their roles in phosphine resistance of the rusty grain beetle Cryptolestes ferrugineus. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105491. [PMID: 37532352 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) is one of the most economically important stored grain pests, and it has evolved the high resistance to phosphine. Cuticular proteins (CPs) are the major structural components of insect cuticle, and previous studies have confirmed that CPs were involved in insecticide resistance. However, the CPs of C. ferrugineus are still poorly characterized, and thus we conducted transcriptome-wide identification of CP genes and analyze their possible relationships with phosphine resistance in this pest. In this study, a total of 122 putative CPs were annotated in the C. ferrugineus transcriptome data by blasting with the known CPs of Tribolium castaneum. The analysis of conserved motifs revealed these CPs of C. ferrugineus belonging to 9 different families, including 87 CPR, 13 CPAP1, 7 CPAP3, 3 Tweedle, 1 CPLCA, 1 CPLCG, 5 CPLCP, 2 CPCFC, and 3 CPFL proteins. The further phylogenetic analysis showed the different evolutionary patterns of CPs. Namely, we found some CPs (CPR family) formed species-specific protein clusters, indicating these CPs might occur independently among insect taxa, and while some other CPs (CPAP1 and CPAP3 family) shared a closer correlation based on the architecture of protein domains. Subsequently, the previous RNA-seq data were applied to establish the expression profiles of CPs in a phosphine susceptible and resistant populations of C. ferrugineus, and a large amount of CP genes were found to be over-expressed in resistant insects. Lastly, an up-regulated CP gene (CPR family) was selected for the further functional analysis, and after this gene was silenced via RNA interference (RNAi), the sensitivity to phosphine was significantly enhanced in C. ferrugineus. In conclusion, the present results provided us an overview of C. ferrugineus CPs, and which suggested that the CPs might play the critical roles in phosphine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-An Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Huai-Yue Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Wei Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fu-Ji Jian
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 5V6, Canada
| | - Er-Hu Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Shen X, Che M, Xu H, Zhuang X, Chen E, Tang P, Wang K. Insight into the molecular mechanism of phosphine toxicity provided by functional analysis of cytochrome b5 fatty acid desaturase and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105482. [PMID: 37532347 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine is the dominant chemical used in postharvest pest control. Widespread and highly frequent use of phosphine has been selected for pest insects, including Tribolium castaneum, which is highly resistant. Lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are two major factors determining phosphine toxicity; however, the mechanisms of production of these two factors in phosphine toxicity are still unknown. Here, we first determined the time course of phosphine-induced lipid peroxidation and ROS production in T. castaneum. Our results showed that lipid peroxidation occurs before ROS in the process of phosphine toxicity, and fumigated beetles with higher resistance levels were associated with weaker activity on lipid peroxidation and ROS. A significant decline in lipid peroxidation was observed in fumigated individuals after knockdown of cytochrome b5 fatty acid desaturase (Cyt-b5-r) via RNA interference (RNAi), indicating that Cyt-b5-r is critical for triggering phosphine-induced lipid peroxidation. Moreover, significant decreases in both ROS and mortality were detected in fumigated T. castaneum adults fed melatonin for 7 days, an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Cyt-b5-r RNAi also inhibited ROS production and mortality in phosphine-treated beetles. Meanwhile, a significant decrease in ROS production (68.4%) was detected in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) knockdown individuals with phenotypes susceptible to phosphine, suggesting that lipid peroxidation initiates ROS with the expression of DLD. However, a significant increase in ROS (122.1%) was detected in the DLD knockdown beetles with strongly resistant phenotypes, indicating that the DLD-involved pathway may not be the only mechanism of ROS generation in phosphine toxicity and the existence of a moonlighting role in downregulating ROS in strongly resistant T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meiling Che
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Honglei Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinbo Zhuang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Erhu Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peian Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Kangxu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
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23
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Morrison WR, Brabec D, Bruce A, Arthur FH, Athanassiou CG. Immediate and delayed movement of resistant and susceptible adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) after short exposures to phosphine. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:2066-2074. [PMID: 36700675 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last decade, the evaluation of certain behavioral attributes has been utilized as an indicator of resistance to phosphine. In this context, an underappreciated challenge may be the development of behavioral traits that are related with resistance to phosphine such as the movement to refugia and recovery of stored product insects after short exposures. Thus, the aim of the current study was to track the movement of phosphine-resistant and -susceptible adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), which is a major pest of stored products, after brief exposures to phosphine. Exposures were followed for extended intervals to assess the recovery patterns and how those patterns are related to known resistance to phosphine. A video-tracking procedure coupled with Ethovision software was used to assess movement after exposure. RESULTS Overall, we found baseline movement was less for phosphine-resistant T. castaneum, suggesting resistance comes at a considerable fitness cost. In the presence of phosphine (1000 or 3000 ppm), there was a much greater reduction in movement for phosphine-susceptible than phosphine-resistant T. castaneum adults immediately after brief 5-min exposures. Twenty-four hours later, these effects were more variable and less apparent, regardless of the susceptibility level. CONCLUSIONS The initial knockdown associated with successful fumigation may just be a temporary state whereafter insects shortly resume movement and may be able to seek out refugia from phosphine, thereby promoting the development of resistance. Our results strengthen a growing consensus that it is the speed to knockdown that truly matters, with quick knockdown indicating slow recovery and a reduced likelihood for the occurrence of resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Daniel Brabec
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Alexander Bruce
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 370 E. J. Chapman Dr. Plant Biotechnology Building, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Frank H Arthur
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Magnesia, Greece
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24
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Zhao X, Wu H, Yue S, Chen X, Huang Y, Cao H, Liao M. Role of CYP6MS subfamily enzymes in detoxification of Sitophilus zeamais after exposure to terpinen-4-ol and limonene. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105426. [PMID: 37248004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Food security is an important basis and guarantee to national safety, the loss caused by storage pests was a serious problem which affects the food security widely. Frequent application of chemical pesticides caused several critical crises including the development of resistance, pesticide residues, environmental pollution, and exposure risk to human or non-target organisms. The utilization of volatile components acts as a natural alternative for controlling storage pests has aroused extensive interest in recent years. It has been reported that terpinene-4-ol and limonene showed significant insecticidal activity against Sitophilus zeamais in our previous studies, which was evaluated to have strong influences to CYP450 genes. To determine the links and roles of related genes, we identified the SzCYP6MS subfamily genes which encoded a putative protein of 493 or 494 amino acids. Then, the expression of four CYP6MS subfamily genes were increased significantly under the fumigation stress by terpinen-4-ol and limonene, which was determined by the RT-qPCR analysis compared with non-fumigated colonies. In addition, we determined that RNAi-mediated CYP6MS genes knockdown significantly increased the sensitivity of S. zeamais to terpinen-4-ol and limonene, the mortality rates of insects with knocked down CYP6MS1, CYP6MS5, CYP6MS6, CYP6MS8, and CYP6MS9 genes increased by 25%, 25%, 16%, 17%, and 4% in terpinen-4-ol treatment groups and by 29%, 25%, 15%, 22%, and 3% in limonene treatment groups compared with that in the control groups, respectively. Finally, it was validated that CYP6MS5 exhibited the most stable binding with terpinen-4-ol that was similar to the result between CYP6MS8 and limonene which were verified by molecular docking analysis. In together, this study demonstrates the potential of terpinen-4-ol and limonene used as novel botanical pesticides to control storage pests, thereby reducing application of chemical pesticides and postponing resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Zhao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shuaili Yue
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Min Liao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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25
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Liu XY, Sun HM, Luo YH, Li MY, Liu HB, Liu S. Identification of 14 glutathione S-transferase genes from Lasioderma serricorne and characterization of LsGSTe1 involved in lambda-cyhalothrin detoxification. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105425. [PMID: 37248003 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In insects, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play a pivotal role in the detoxification of a wide range of pesticides. The cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne, is an economically important pest insect of stored products. Recently, pyrethroid insecticides have been used to control this pest. However, little is known concerning the responses and functions of GSTs in L. serricorne under pyrethroid exposure. In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed on L. serricorne, and a total of 14 GSTs were identified by retrieving the unigene dataset. Of these, 13 predicted GSTs fell into six cytosolic classes, namely, delta, epsilon, omega, sigma, theta, and zeta, and one was assigned to an "unclassified" group. The GST genes were differentially expressed in various larval tissues and at different developmental stages. Exposure to the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) caused oxidative stress in L. serricorne larvae and led to significantly elevated expression levels of six genes, among which LsGSTe1 was the most upregulated. Recombinant LsGSTE1 protein displayed LCT-metabolizing activity. Furthermore, LsGSTE1 protects cells against oxidative stress. Moreover, knockdown of LsGSTe1 by RNA interference dramatically increased the susceptibility of L. serricorne larvae to LCT treatment. The results from this study provide sequence resources and expression data for GST genes in L. serricorne. Our findings indicate that LsGSTE1 plays a dual role in LCT detoxification by metabolizing the pesticide and by preventing LCT-induced oxidative stress. Thus, the LsGSTe1 gene could be used as a potential target for sustainable management of the cigarette beetle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ya Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hui-Mei Sun
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yi-Hong Luo
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mao-Ye Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hai-Bing Liu
- Department of Science and Technology, Sichuan Provincial Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Su Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Rigopoulou M, Rumbos C, Athanassiou C. Evaluation of the susceptibility of Alphitobius diaperinus meal to infestations by major stored-product beetle species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27602-0. [PMID: 37195619 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The projections for the production of insects as food and feed show an enormous increase for insect production in the near future, which will subsequently lead to the increase of the stored quantities of insect meals and related products. However, information on the susceptibility of insect meals to infestations by stored-product insects is rather limited. To this end, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of major storage insect species to grow and reproduce on insect meals that are based on larvae of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. The progeny production of thirteen stored-product insects on A. diaperinus meal, as well as their instantaneous rate of increase, as a measure of population growth, was recorded for each species. Based on the results, six out of the thirteen examined insect species (A. diaperinus, Tenebrio molitor, Trogoderma granarium, Lasioderma serricorne, Tribolium confusum, and Tribolium castaneum) were able to infest pure A. diaperinus meal, as they grew well and developed progeny on the insect meal substrate. Tribolium confusum, T. castaneum, and especially T. granarium gave the highest progeny production numbers in the A. diaperinus meal with the latter giving an instantaneous rate of increase of 0.067. Expecting the upcoming increase in the production of insect-based products globally, further research in this field is needed for improved production and storage facilities, detection and estimation methods, and technologies to minimize insect infestations without causing negative effects to farmed insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Rigopoulou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Christos Rumbos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Volos, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Christos Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Volos, Magnesia, Greece.
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Kim K, Kim D, Kwon TH, Lee BH, Lee SE. Effective Phytosanitary Treatment for Export of Oriental Melons ( Cucumis melo var L.) Using Ethyl Formate and Modified Atmosphere Packaging to Control Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050442. [PMID: 37233070 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), commonly known as greenhouse whitefly, is one of the main insect pests of Oriental melon (Cucumis melo var L.) in South Korea. T. vaporariorum is of concern as a quarantine pest for the exportation of C. melo in Southeast Asian countries. Due to future restrictions on the use of methyl bromide (MB) during quarantine, ethyl formate (EF) represents a potential alternative. In this study, we evaluated EF for its efficacy (probit-9 values) in enabling the export of Oriental melons. The probit-9 value of EF for controlling T. vaporariorum was 3.02 g·h/m3 after 2 h of fumigation. We also assessed the phytotoxicity of EF on melons when using modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) under low-temperature conditions, which is required for export and trade, to extend shelf-life. In scaled-up trials, we found 8 g/m3 EF for 2 h at 5 °C to be suitable as a new phytosanitary treatment against greenhouse whitefly for exported Oriental melons when using MAP. No phytotoxic damage was found 28 d after fumigation at 5 °C in terms of five quality parameters (firmness, sugar content, mass loss, color change, and external damage).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongnam Kim
- Institute of Quality and Safety Evaluation of Agricultural Products, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongbin Kim
- Institute of Quality and Safety Evaluation of Agricultural Products, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Kwon
- Institute of Quality and Safety Evaluation of Agricultural Products, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ho Lee
- Institute of Quality and Safety Evaluation of Agricultural Products, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Institute of Quality and Safety Evaluation of Agricultural Products, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Keasar T, Wajnberg E, Heimpel G, Hardy ICW, Harpaz LS, Gottlieb D, van Nouhuys S. Dynamic Economic Thresholds for Insecticide Applications Against Agricultural Pests: Importance of Pest and Natural Enemy Migration. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:321-330. [PMID: 36791247 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In Integrated Pest Management programs, insecticides are applied to agricultural crops when pest densities exceed a predetermined economic threshold. Under conditions of high natural enemy density, however, the economic threshold can be increased, allowing for fewer insecticide applications. These adjustments, called 'dynamic thresholds', allow farmers to exploit existing biological control interactions without economic loss. Further, the ability of natural enemies to disperse from, and subsequently immigrate into, insecticide-sprayed areas can affect their biological control potential. We develop a theoretical approach to incorporate both pest and natural enemy movement across field borders into dynamic thresholds and explore how these affect insecticide applications and farmer incomes. Our model follows a pest and its specialist natural enemy over one growing season. An insecticide that targets the pest also induces mortality of the natural enemy, both via direct toxicity and reduced resource pest densities. Pest and natural enemy populations recover after spraying through within-field reproduction and by immigration from neighboring unsprayed areas. The number of insecticide applications and per-season farmer revenues are calculated for economic thresholds that are either fixed (ignoring natural enemy densities) or dynamic (incorporating them). The model predicts that using dynamic thresholds always leads to reduced insecticide application. The benefit of dynamic thresholds in reducing insecticide use is highest when natural enemies rapidly recolonize sprayed areas, and when insecticide efficacy is low. We discuss real-life situations in which monitoring of natural enemies would substantially reduce insecticide use and other scenarios where the presence of beneficial organisms may lead to threshold modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Keasar
- Department of Biology and the Environment, University of Haifa - Oranim, Tivon 36006, Israel
| | - Eric Wajnberg
- INRAE, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167, Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06903, France
- INRIA Sophia Antipolis, Project Hephaistos, 2004 Route des Lucioles, BP 93, Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06902, France
| | - George Heimpel
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55117, USA
| | - Ian C W Hardy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liora Shaltiel Harpaz
- Environmental Sciences Departments, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel Hai College, and Northern R@D, 12210, MIGAL, Israel
| | - Daphna Gottlieb
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Post-Harvest and Food Science, The Volcani Center, ARO, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
| | - Saskya van Nouhuys
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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Sakka MK, Athanassiou CG. Population growth of phosphine resistant and susceptible populations of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera:Anobiidae) exposed to different temperatures and commodities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:53221-53228. [PMID: 36853531 PMCID: PMC10119249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the population growth of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) with two populations with different susceptibility to phosphine (one resistant and one susceptible). Population growth was recorded on different days (35 days, 50 days, 65 days, 80 days, 95 days, and 110 days) in two different commodities: (a) mixed food consisted of wheat flour (10 parts) + cornmeal (10 parts) + brewers' yeast (1.5 parts) and (b) wheat flour. Our results clearly indicate that both populations preferred mixed food compared to wheat flour for all combinations tested. Moreover, the increase in temperature from 25 to 30 °C showed a positive effect in some combinations in the population growth of both populations. In general, we found some differences in the production of offspring between the susceptible and the resistant population. Based on the results of the present study, population growth may provide critical information for the fitness advantages or disadvantages of each population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Sakka
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece.
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
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30
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Hasan MM, Hossain MA, Athanassiou CG. Improved Quality Management of the Indian Meal Moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) for Enhanced Efficacy of the Sterile Insect Technique. INSECTS 2023; 14:344. [PMID: 37103161 PMCID: PMC10144046 DOI: 10.3390/insects14040344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) is considered an environmentally friendly, autocidal control tactic to manage insect pests. This work dealt with the improvement of quality management of the Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) for enhanced efficacy of the SIT. The results indicated that egg hatching of irradiated mature eggs of P. interpunctella was higher than that of younger eggs, indicating that mature eggs were significantly more tolerant than younger eggs. Moreover, our data revealed that a dose of 500 Gy completely prevented pupal formation in irradiated young and mature larvae. Crosses between irradiated and non-irradiated adults resulted in considerable variations in fecundity. The mating competitiveness index (CI) value was higher for a ratio of 5:1:1 (sterile male, fertile male, and fertile female, respectively) as compared with the ratio 1:1:1 for the irradiated individuals of all life stages. Low temperature (5 °C) maintenance of irradiated pupae significantly affected adult emergence. Using cylinders to assess flight ability, we found that the flight performance of adults that were developed from cold treated irradiated pupae was influenced by cylinder diameter, cylinder height and the number of hours the insects were in the cylinders. The percentage of DNA damage of the reproductive organs of adults developed from cold treated pupae that were irradiated with 100 and 150 Gy varied significantly. The results of this study should be used to implement pilot-scale field tests aiming at a sterile- to-fertile male ratio of 5 to 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahbub Hasan
- Department of Zoology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Christos G. Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446 Volos, Greece
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31
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Xiao S, Ye X, Wang S, Yang Y, Fang Q, Wang F, Ye G. Genome assembly of the ectoparasitoid wasp Theocolax elegans. Sci Data 2023; 10:159. [PMID: 36949061 PMCID: PMC10033727 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ectoparasitoid wasp Theocolax elegans is a cosmopolitan and generalist pteromalid parasitoid of several major storage insect pests, and can effectively suppress a host population in warehouses. However, little molecular information about this wasp is currently available. In this study, we assembled the genome of T. elegans using PacBio long-read sequencing, Illumina sequencing, and Hi-C methods. The genome assembly is 662.73 Mb in length with contig and scaffold N50 values of 1.15 Mb and 88.8 Mb, respectively. The genome contains 56.4% repeat sequences and 23,212 protein-coding genes were annotated. Phylogenomic analyses revealed that T. elegans diverged from the lineage leading to subfamily Pteromalinae (Nasonia vitripennis and Pteromalus puparum) approximately 110.5 million years ago. We identified 130 significantly expanded gene families, 34 contracted families, 248 fast-evolving genes, and 365 positively selected genes in T. elegans. Additionally, 260 olfactory receptors and 285 venom proteins were identified. This genome assembly provides valuable genetic bases for future investigations on evolution, molecular biology and application of T. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinhai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, Zhejiang University, Shanghai, 201203, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shuping Wang
- Technical Center of Shanghai Customs for Inspection and Quarantine of Animals,Plants and Foods, Shanghai Customs, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gongyin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Alzahrani SM, Ebert PR. Pesticidal Toxicity of Phosphine and Its Interaction with Other Pest Control Treatments. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2461-2473. [PMID: 36975531 PMCID: PMC10047108 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphine is the most widely used fumigant for stored grains due to a lack of better alternatives, all of which have serious shortcomings that restrict their use. The extensive use of phosphine has led to the development of resistance among insect pests of grain, which threatens its status as a reliable fumigant. Understanding the mode of action of phosphine as well as its resistance mechanisms provides insight that may lead to improved phosphine efficacy and pest control strategies. The mechanisms of action in phosphine vary from disrupting metabolism and oxidative stress to neurotoxicity. Phosphine resistance is genetically inherited and is mediated by the mitochondrial dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase complex. In this regard, laboratory studies have revealed treatments that synergistically enhance phosphine toxicity that may be used to suppress resistance development and enhance efficacy. Here, we discuss the reported phosphine modes of action, mechanisms of resistance and interactions with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M. Alzahrani
- Advanced Agricultural & Food Technology Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Paul R. Ebert
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Jiang L, Zhang D, Li Y, Chen W, Shi W, Wu H, Ma Z. Eukaryotic Expression of the Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I of Sitophilus zeamais and Its Interaction with Allyl Isothiocyanate. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3497-3507. [PMID: 36757172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a destructive pest of stored grains around the world. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) was shown to have good bioactivity in the control of S. zeamais. In this study, the interaction of AITC on cytochrome c oxidase core subunits I (COX I) and their binding mechanism were determined using spectroscopic, isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular docking techniques. The results indicate the binding constant (Ka) of AITC and COX I was 6.742 × 103 L/mol. Analysis of spectroscopic revealed that the binding of COX I to reduced Cyt c induced conformational changes of reduced Cyt c, while AITC could competitively bind and inhibit the activity of the COX I protein. Moreover, molecular docking results suggested a sulfur atom in the AITC structure could form a hydrogen bond having a length of 3.3 Å with the Gly- 27 of COX I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Weilin Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hua Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
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Kim K, Kim C, Yoo J, Kim JR, Kim YH, Lee SE. Phosphine gas in the dark induces severe phytotoxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by increasing a hypoxia stress response and disrupting the energy metabolism: Transcriptomic approaches. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130141. [PMID: 36241498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine (PH3) is an ideal fumigant alternative on methyl bromide (MB) as MB has been classified as an ozone-depleting substance. However, several challenges limit its efficient use in crop production, including the emergence of PH3-resistant insect pests and the incidence of phytotoxic effects on nursery plants. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the mechanism underlying PH3 phytotoxicity in plants using transcriptomic techniques. Fumigation with 2 g/m3 PH3 induced phytotoxic effects in A. thaliana, as evidenced by a decrease in growth and vegetation indices compared to the control group. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PH3 fumigation phytotoxicity responses in A. thaliana involve genes related to hypoxia stress and energy metabolism. Additionally, pretreatment with ethylene induced pre-adaptation to hypoxia under light conditions during fumigation effectively suppressed the phytotoxic effects of PH3 in A. thaliana by increasing the expression of hypoxia-adaptive genes. Moreover, the phytotoxicity of PH3 was also confirmed in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.), and was dependent on light. Overall, our findings showed that fumigation under light conditions and ethylene pretreatment could be used to minimize PH3-induced phytotoxic effects in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongnam Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsung Yoo
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ran Kim
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Ha Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Differential Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes, Superoxide Dismutase, Peroxidase, and Catalase vis-à-vis Phosphine Resistance in Field Populations of Lesser Grain Borer ( Rhyzopertha dominica) from India. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020270. [PMID: 36829830 PMCID: PMC9952823 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility to phosphine was compared in 15 populations of lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) collected from grain storage godowns across India. A high level of resistance to phosphine was noticed in R. dominica collected from northern India compared to those collected from northeastern regions of India. The median lethal concentration values varied from 0.024 mg/L to 1.991 mg/L, with 1.63 to 82.96-fold resistance compared to laboratory susceptible checks. Antioxidant enzymes have been reported to negate the reactive oxygen species generated upon encountering the fumigant phosphine. Distinct differences in the activity of antioxidant enzymes were noticed in the field populations exposed to phosphine. Peroxidase activity varied between 1.28 and 336.8 nmol H2O2 reduced/min/mg protein. The superoxide dismutase inhibition rate was between 81.29 and 99.66%, and catalase activity varied between 6.28 and 320.13 nmol H2O2 reduced/min/mg protein. The findings of our investigation show that the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase are positively linked (p < 0.01) with an increase in resistance ratios, whereas catalase was found to have a negative association with resistance to phosphine. The reported results elucidate the differential activities of principal antioxidant enzymes in scavenging the oxyradicals (O2•-, H2O2,•OH) associated with tolerance to phosphine in R. dominica.
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36
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Mantzoukas S, Lagogiannis I, Kitsiou F, Eliopoulos PA. Entomopathogenic Action of Wild Fungal Strains against Stored Product Beetle Pests. INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14010091. [PMID: 36662019 PMCID: PMC9862338 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
There is ample evidence that entomopathogenic fungi can be used as alternative biological control agents for the management of insect pests in storage facilities. As the market demands more environmentally friendly methods and chemical insecticides become increasingly obsolete, more studies are being conducted to evaluate new strains of entomopathogenic fungi for their efficacy in storage facilities. In this context, we tested ten species of fungi isolated from soil, belonging to the genera Cladosporium, Condenascus, Lecanicillium, and Penicillium, for their long-term effects on economically important beetle species. Whole wheat was directly sprayed with a conidial suspension of 108 spores/Ml of each of the tested fungi and then adults of Sitophilus granarius, S. oryzae, S. zeamais, Rhyzopertha dominica, and Trogoderma granarium were placed on the sprayed medium to study the mortality effects. Significantly higher mortality than the control was observed in all treatments. The lowest LT50 (9.164 days) was observed in T. granarium infected with Penicillium goetzii. The isolate with the strongest results was L. dimorphum, which recorded remarkably low LT50 values in S. oryzae (~11 days), R. dominica (~12 days), T. granarium (~10 days), and S. granarius (~13 days). However, for S. zeamais, it was more than 16 days. Our results confirm the existing literature on the efficacy of EPF on storage beetles, suggest the possible virulence of wild untested strains, and also highlight the importance of EPF specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiridon Mantzoukas
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Arta Campus, 45100 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Foteini Kitsiou
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos
- Laboratory of Plant Health Management, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, Geopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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Collares LJ, Turchen LM, Guedes RNC. Research Trends, Biases, and Gaps in Phytochemicals as Insecticides: Literature Survey and Meta-Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020318. [PMID: 36679031 PMCID: PMC9866902 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A 76-year literature survey and meta-analyses were carried out to recognize the trends, biases, and knowledge gaps of studies focusing on major groups of compounds of botanical origin, or phytochemicals, as insecticides. The survey found that the main phytochemicals prospected as insecticides belong to the following major chemical groups: terpenoids, terpenes, and carbonyl, all of which were tested, mainly against beetles (Coleoptera), caterpillars (i.e., larvae of Lepidoptera), and mosquitoes and other flies (i.e., Diptera). These studies are burgeoning at an exponential rate, with an evident focus on mortality endpoint estimates, but they are also neglecting sublethal assessments. China and India in Asia, as well as Brazil in the Americas, were responsible for most studies. The majority of the papers used stored grain insects as experimental models, which limits the applicability and representativeness of the findings. As a result, the main modes of exposure tested were fumigation and contact, which leads to the prevalence of estimates of lethal concentration in these studies. Therefore, a broader range of insect species deserves testing, with suitable modes of exposure identifying and characterizing the main molecules responsible for the insecticidal activity, which is seldom performed. Attention to these needs will circumvent current biases and allow the recognition of the main patterns of association between the origin and structure of phytochemicals and their insecticidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara J. Collares
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 3657-900, MG, Brazil
- Neo Ventures, Rua Alameda Vicente Pinzon, 54, 9° Andar, Vila Olímpia, São Paulo 04547-130, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M. Turchen
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 3657-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Raul Narciso C. Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 3657-900, MG, Brazil
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Sang YL, Dai L, Wang P, Chen LJ, Jiao ML, Liu JY, Zhang NZ, Fan GW, Hao YJ, Wang XL. Investigation of insecticidal activity of two Rhododendron species on stored-product insects. JOURNAL OF PLANT DISEASES AND PROTECTION : SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE GERMAN PHYTOMEDICAL SOCIETY (DPG) 2023; 130:371-382. [PMID: 35965943 PMCID: PMC9361267 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-022-00654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the insecticidal activity of the essential oils (EOs) and extracts from Rhododendron rufum and Rhododendron przewalskii. The EOs were extracted from the leaves of R. Rufum and R. przewalskii by hydro-distillation and their chemical components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The repellency, contact toxicity and antifeedant activity of the EOs and extracts were evaluated against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum along with those of their main components. A total of nine compounds were identified from the EO of R. Rufum, and the most abundant component was myristicin (79.72%). The EO of R. Rufum exhibited repellent activities at different levels and its main compound myristicin showed contact toxicity and repellent effects against S. oryzae and T. castaneum. Meanwhile, by bioassay-guided fractionation, four compounds with strong antifeedant activities against T. castaneum, 24-methylenecycloartanyl-2'E, 4'Z-tetradecadienoate (1), methyl thyrsiflorin B acetate (2), friedelin (3) and Excoecarin R1 methyl ester (4) were separated and identified from the ethanol extract of R. przewalskii for the first time. Considering the significant anti-insect activities, the EOs and extracts of R. Rufum and R. przewalskii might be used in integrated pest strategies, establishing a good perspective for the comprehensive use of natural plant resources of Rhododendron genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Sang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Lu Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Li-Jiang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Mei-Ling Jiao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Jing-Yu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Nai-Zhi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Guang-Wen Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, No.66 Middle Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110036 Liaoning China
| | - Yan-Jun Hao
- Liaoning Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.79 East Chongshan Road, Shenyang, 110032 Liaoning China
| | - Xiu-Lan Wang
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Mongolian Medicine Engineering Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, No.536 West Huolinhe Street, Tongliao, 028000 China
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39
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Aulicky R, Stejskal V, Frydova B, Athanassiou C. Evaluation of Phosphine Resistance in Populations of Sitophilus oryzae, Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Rhyzopertha dominica in the Czech Republic. INSECTS 2022; 13:1162. [PMID: 36555073 PMCID: PMC9787142 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine is globally the most widely adopted fumigant for the control of storage pests. Recently, an increase in the frequency of stored-product pest resistance has been observed with significant geographical and interspecific variations. In this context, there are available data for the occurrence of resistant populations from America, Asia, Africa, and Australia, but there are few data in the case of Europe. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate phosphine efficacy in important beetle pests of stored products, i.e., Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) sampled from the Czech Republic, using a rapid diagnostic test that is based on the speed to knockdown after exposure. Apart from the standard laboratory populations, which were used as the controls, we tested 56 field populations of these three species, collected in Czech farm grain stores. The survey revealed that 57.1% of the tested field populations were classified as phosphine-susceptible, based on the knockdown method used. However, profound variations among species and populations were recorded. The species with the highest percentage of resistant populations was R. dominica (71.4% of the populations; resistance coefficient 0.5-4.1), followed by S. oryzae (57.1% of the populations; resistance coefficient 0.8-6.9), and O. surinamensis (9.5% of the populations; resistance coefficient 0.5-2.9). Regarding the intra-population variability in response to phosphine (slope of the knockdown time regression), the laboratory and slightly resistant populations of all species were homogenous, whereas the most resistant populations were strongly heterogeneous. Our data show that the occurrence of resistance in the Czech Republic is relatively widespread and covers a wide range of species, necessitating the need for the adoption of an action plan for resistance mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Aulicky
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Stejskal
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Frydova
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Christos Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Tessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446 Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
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Remesh AV, Raveendran A, Bincy K, Wagh VS, Dastager SG, Babu CV. Insights on biorational potential of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil and its binary combination with monoterpene phenol for control of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) and aflatoxigenic fungi. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Jesser E, Castillo L, Alonso Y, Urrutia R, Murray A, Domini C, Werdin-González J. Development of active biodegradable films based on chitosan and essential oil to prevent infestation of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ponce MA, Lizarraga S, Bruce A, Kim TN, Morrison WR. Grain Inoculated with Different Growth Stages of the Fungus, Aspergillus flavus, Affect the Close-Range Foraging Behavior by a Primary Stored Product Pest, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:927-939. [PMID: 35964294 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although some research has investigated the interactions among stored product insects and microbes, little research has examined how specific fungal life stages affect volatile emissions in grain and linked it to the behavior of Sitophilus oryzae, the cosmopolitan rice weevil. Thus, our goals were to 1) isolate, culture, and identify two fungal life stages of Aspergillus flavus, 2) characterize the volatile emissions from grain inoculated by each fungal morphotype, and 3) understand how microbially-produced volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) from each fungal morphotype affect foraging, attraction, and preference by S. oryzae. We hypothesized that the headspace blends would be unique among our treatments and that this will lead to preferential mobility by S. oryzae among treatments. Using headspace collection coupled with GC-MS, we found the sexual life stage of A. flavus had the most unique emissions of MVOCs compared to the other semiochemical treatments. This translated to a higher interaction with kernels containing grain with the A. flavus sexual life stage, as well as a higher cumulative time spent in those zones by S. oryzae in a video-tracking assay in comparison to the asexual life stage. While fungal cues were important for foraging at close-range, the release-recapture assay indicated that grain volatiles were more important for attraction at longer distances. There was no significant preference between grain and MVOCs in a four-way olfactometer. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of how fungal cues affect the close and longer range foraging ecology of a primarily stored product insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Ponce
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | - Alexander Bruce
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | - William R Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Wang K, Che M, Chen E, Jian F, Tang P. Amplification refractory mutation system based real-time PCR (ARMS-qPCR) for rapid resistance characterization of Tribolium castaneum to phosphine. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105181. [PMID: 36127043 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Resistance of Tribolium castaneum to phosphine is related to point mutations in DNA code corresponding to amino acid changes associated with a core metabolic enzyme dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), but the mutation patterns vary among different resistant populations. Thus, there is a great need to develop a cost-effective method to detect core mutations in T. castaneum, which would be the key factor to understand the molecular basis of phosphine resistance. Amplification refractory mutation system-based quantitative Real-Time PCR (ARMS-qPCR) is an ideal method that can rapidly detect point mutations. Here, the P45S and G131D mutations existed in the DLD of T. castaneum selected from strong Chinese resistance phenotypes, and the DLD P45S mutation, which represents a strong phosphine resistance allele, was confirmed as the most abundant mutation to determine strong resistance genotypes. Our study found that 85 out of 120 beetles carried the P45S resistance allele, including 51 homozygous and 34 heterozygous individuals. Moreover, there was a strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.917) between the resistance ratio and the resistance allele frequency among the strongly resistant populations. Our data showed that the ARMS-qPCR method that we developed could rapidly determine strong resistance phenotypes of T. castaneum to phosphine by detecting the DLD P45S mutation. These results not only provide a detailed example for developing an ARMS-qPCR-based method to characterize pesticide resistance, but also support further elucidation of the molecular basis of phosphine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangxu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Meiling Che
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Erhu Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fuji Jian
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 5V6, Canada
| | - Peian Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Agrafioti P, Kaloudis E, Athanassiou CG. Utilizing low oxygen to mitigate resistance of stored product insects to phosphine. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6080-6087. [PMID: 35474454 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data are provided on the utilization of modified atmospheres, at a commercial scale, against stored product insect populations that are resistant to phosphine. The method is evaluated on different populations of two major stored-product beetle species, Rhyzopertha dominica and Oryzaephilus surinamensis. The trials were carried out in commercial facilities, in which nitrogen was introduced through an embedded nitrogen generator. Each chamber contained three or four pallets of either currants or herbs. A computational model was developed to evaluate the nitrogen concentration. RESULTS In most trials, 100% mortality was recorded for both beetle species and all populations, regardless of the temperature and exposure intervals tested. Control progeny production ranged between 20 and 45 adults per vial for R. dominica, and 29 and 27 adults per vial for O. surinamensis. Simulation results reveal that nitrogen can easily penetrate the currants, and its concentration is uniform (differences are below 1.5%) across the pallet. Additionally, the simulation model revealed that lower temperatures do not have an impact on the nitrogen concentration profiles. CONCLUSIONS The modified atmosphere applications evaluated here were proved to be effective for all populations, regardless of the level of resistance to phosphine, and any survival could be attributed to the short exposure intervals. Modified atmosphere applications can be effective at a considerably short exposure interval, even at 2.5 days, which is an incontestable advantage for the use of this method against insects, at exposures comparable with those of commercial fumigations. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Agrafioti
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Efstathios Kaloudis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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Baggio JS, Cordova LG, Toledo BF, Noling JW, Peres NA. A reassessment of the fungicidal efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and metam potassium against Macrophomina phaseolina in strawberry. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3416-3423. [PMID: 35544358 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of metam potassium, 1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and different ratios of 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin on the reduction of natural and artificial inoculum of Macrophomina phaseolina were investigated in laboratory and field experiments. Additionally, a multivariate meta-analysis with data from six field trials conducted in Florida from 2012 to 2018 was performed. RESULTS In small-plot field experiments using drip stakes, the highest rate (468 L ha-1 ) of metam potassium was most effective in controlling M. phaseolina in infected crowns buried at 15.2 cm from the point of fumigant injection, whereas none of the rates was able to reduce inoculum buried at 30.5 cm. In closed-container experiments, use of the highest rate of 1,3-dichloropropene (168 kg ha-1 ) resulted in the highest level of pathogen control. Different rates of chloropicrin also reduced inoculum when compared to the non-treated control. 1,3-dichloropropene + chloropicrin at different ratios were also highly effective in controlling M. phaseolina. Results from the meta-analysis of open-field experiments indicated that metam potassium and 1,3-dichloropropene + chloropicrin (63:35, v:v) treatments were significantly more effective in reducing M. phaseolina than the 1,3-dichloropropene + chloropicrin (39:60, v:v) treatment; however, metam potassium was not as effective at the side of the beds. CONCLUSION 1,3-dichloropropene alone and in mixture with chloropicrin were more effective in reducing inoculum of M. phaseolina than chloropicrin alone, indicating the fungicidal efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene. Formulation with higher 1,3-dichloropropene concentration performed better than the formulation with higher chloropicrin concentration in field trials. Metam potassium was effective when applied at the highest rate, but with limited lateral movement perpendicular to the drip irrigation line. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Baggio
- Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, USA
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Professional Solutions, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Leandro G Cordova
- Corteva Agriscience, Crop Protection Discovery & Development, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Beatriz F Toledo
- Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, USA
| | - Joseph W Noling
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Natalia A Peres
- Department of Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, USA
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Ranabhat S, Zhu KY, Bingham GV, Morrison WR. Mobility of Phosphine-Susceptible and -Resistant Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) After Exposure to Controlled Release Materials With Existing and Novel Active Ingredients. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:888-903. [PMID: 35429272 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is interest in developing controlled release materials (CRMs) with novel modes of action to improve resistance management. Long-lasting insecticide-incorporated netting (LLIN) with deltamethrin has been effectively used against stored-product pests. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of different CRMs (LLIN or packaging) with each of four active ingredients (AI) (deltamethrin, permethrin, indoxacarb, and dinotefuran) and compared them to control CRMs in reducing movement and increasing mortality of phosphine-susceptible and -resistant Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. Adults were exposed for 0.5, 2, or 60 min, and movement was assessed immediately or after 24, or 168 h using video-tracking and Ethovision software. We recorded total distance and velocity traveled by adults. Finally, we tested higher rates of each AI on surrogate netting material (e.g., standardized-sized cheesecloth) and varied exposure time to obtain median lethal time (LT50) for each compound and susceptibility. Exposure to LLIN with deltamethrin significantly reduced the movement of both species compared to the other CRMs regardless of their susceptibility to phosphine. Deltamethrin was the most effective AI for both species, while dinotefuran and indoxacarb were the least effective for R. dominica and T. castaneum adults, respectively. Most AIs resulted in appreciable and approximately equivalent mortality at higher concentrations among phosphine-susceptible and -resistant strains. Our results demonstrate that CRMs can be an additional approach to combat phosphine-resistant populations of stored product insects around food facilities. Other compounds such as permethrin, dinotefuran, and indoxacarb are also effective against phosphine-resistant populations of these key stored product insects except indoxacarb for T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabita Ranabhat
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS, USA
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kun Yan Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 1603 Old Claflin Place, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Georgina V Bingham
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Entomology Hall, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - William R Morrison
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Rauf A, Wilkins RM. Malathion-resistant Tribolium castaneum has enhanced response to oxidative stress, immunity, and fitness. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 184:105128. [PMID: 35715066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many cases of insecticide resistance in insect pests give resulting no-cost strains that retain the resistance genes even in the absence of the toxic stressor. Malathion (rac-diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]succinate) has been widely used against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst. in stored products although no longer used. Malathion specific resistance in this pest is long lasting and widely distributed. A malathion resistant strain was challenged with a range of stressors including starvation, hyperoxia, malathion and a pathogen to determine the antioxidant responses and changes to some lifecycle parameters. Adult life span of the malathion-specific resistant strain of T. castaneum was significantly shorter than that of the susceptible. Starvation and/or high oxygen reduced adult life span of both strains. Starving, with and without 100% oxygen, gave longer lifespan for the resistant strain, but for oxygen alone there was a small extension. Under oxygen the proportional survival of the resistant strain to the adult stage was significantly higher, for both larvae and pupae, than the susceptible. The resistant strain when stressed with malathion and oxygen significantly increased catalase activity, but the susceptible did not. The resistant strain stressed with Paranosema whitei infection had significantly higher survival compared to the susceptible, and with low mortality. The malathion resistant strain of T. castaneum showed greater vigour than the susceptible in oxidative stress situations and especially where stressors were combined. The induction of the antioxidant enzyme catalase could have helped the resistant strain to withstand oxidative stresses, including insecticidal and importantly those from pathogens. These adaptations, in the absence of insecticide, seem to support the increased immunity of the insecticide resistant host to pathogens seen in other insect species, such as mosquitoes. By increasing the responses to a range of stressors the resistant strain could be considered as having enhanced fitness, compared to the susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard M Wilkins
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
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Baliota GV, Lampiri E, Batzogianni EN, Athanassiou CG. Insecticidal Effect of Four Insecticides for the Control of Different Populations of Three Stored-Product Beetle Species. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13040325. [PMID: 35447767 PMCID: PMC9025209 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Insecticides are currently the most effective method to control stored product insect pests worldwide. However, insecticide resistance poses a continuous threat to the viability of these management tools and thus, on food availability. Since there is very limited information available on the existence of resistant/tolerant insect populations in Greece, the objective of our study was to investigate the tolerance status of insect populations sampled from Greek warehouses and silos to a wide range of insecticides. According to our data, all field-collected insect populations indicated different patterns of tolerance, suggesting the occurrence of possible resistance to widely used insecticides. Our findings can be used for the reduction of the cases of control failures by revising the current pest management practices followed by Greek farmers and operators in stored product protection. Abstract The protection of stored products from insect pests is mainly based on suppressive methods by using contact and gaseous insecticides, globally. Following their continuous and improper use, insecticide resistance has been observed in several major insect species and pose a continuous threat to the sustainability of a wide range of active ingredients that are currently in use in stored product protection. In the present work, on-site samplings of insect populations were carried out in local warehouses containing different types of cereals. The collected insects, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae), were reared under laboratory conditions to determine tolerance/resistance to widely used insecticides, using different diagnostic protocols. Laboratory populations of the same species were also examined for comparative purposes. Adult knock down and mortality of all populations indicated different patterns of tolerance to phosphine, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, and pirimiphos-methyl. In many cases, the recommended label doses were not able to completely control some of these populations, regardless of their origin, i.e., field-collected or laboratory. The results of the present work underline the importance of population on the efficacy of insecticides that are currently in use in stored product protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia V. Baliota
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Street, Nea Ionia, 38446 Magnesia, Greece; (E.L.); (C.G.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Evagelia Lampiri
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Street, Nea Ionia, 38446 Magnesia, Greece; (E.L.); (C.G.A.)
| | | | - Christos G. Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Street, Nea Ionia, 38446 Magnesia, Greece; (E.L.); (C.G.A.)
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Ozone Efficiency on Two Coleopteran Insect Pests and Its Effect on Quality and Germination of Barley. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13040318. [PMID: 35447760 PMCID: PMC9027898 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) are notorious global pests, destroying various stored grains, including barley, wheat, oats, maize, and rice. Ozone (O3) is a promising fumigant to control pests in stored grain since it can safely and rapidly auto-decompose without leaving residues, however, relatively few studies have focused on the toxicity of O3 on stored grain pests in stored barley. In this study we not only explored the susceptibility of all life stages of R. dominica and T. castaneum in barley seeds to different durations of gaseous O3, but also investigated the effect of O3 on germination ability, seedling growth, and quality of barley. O3 was effective against all life stages of two species in barley under sufficient exposure times without negative impacts affecting the commercial quality of barley. However, the germination ability and seedling growth were adversely impacted at longer O3 exposure times. Thus, it is imperative to select an optimal O3 exposure time to achieve the desired functional outcome, such as malting, animal feeding, and human consumption. Abstract Ozone (O3) is a potential fumigant to control pests in stored grain since it can safely and rapidly auto-decompose without leaving residues. In this study, the efficacy of O3 on all life stages of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in barley and the physiological effects on barley and its quality were investigated. Complete control of all life stages of pests was obtained at 700 ppm for 1440 min of ozone exposure without negatively impacting the contents of soluble protein, moisture content, seed colour, hardness, and the weight of thousand barley seeds. The eggs and pupae of these two insects were the more tolerant stages than their larvae and adults. Prolonged exposure times (40 to 1440 min) and mortality assessment intervals (1, 2, and 7 days) increased O3 efficacy due to the reaction characteristics and delayed toxicity. Aging barley seeds appeared to be more sensitive to prolonged ozone duration than new seeds. A total of 20 and 40 min could promote germination rate, and longer O3 exposure (1440 min) was unfavourable for germination and seedling growth. Thus, it is imperative to select an optimal O3 exposure time to transfer ozone into quality contributors of final products and achieve the desired functional outcomes.
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Jasrotia P, Nagpal M, Mishra CN, Sharma AK, Kumar S, Kamble U, Bhardwaj AK, Kashyap PL, Kumar S, Singh GP. Nanomaterials for Postharvest Management of Insect Pests: Current State and Future Perspectives. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.811056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, between one quarter and one-third of total grains produced each year are lost during storage mainly through infestation of insect pests. Among the available control options such as chemical and physical techniques, fumigation with aluminum phosphide (AlP) is so far considered the best control strategy against storage insect pests. However, these insect pests are now developing resistance against AIP due to its indiscriminate use due to non-availability of any effective alternative control option. Resistance to AIP among storage insect pests is increasing, and its inhalation has shown adverse effects on animals and human beings. Nanotechnology has opened up a wide range of opportunities in various fields such as agriculture (pesticides, fertilizers, etc.), pharmaceuticals, and electronics. One of the applications of nanotechnology is the usage of nanomaterial-based insecticide formulations for mitigating field and storage insect pests. Several formulations, namely, nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, controlled release formulations, and solid-based nanopesticides, have been developed with different modes of action and application. The major advantage is their small size which helps in proper spreading on the pest surface, and thus, better action than conventional pesticides is achieved. Besides their minute size, these have no or reduced harmful effects on non-target species. Nanopesticides can therefore provide green and efficient alternatives for the management of insect pests of field and storage. However, an outcry against the utilization of nano-based pesticides is also revealed. It is considered by some that nano-insecticides may also have hazardous effects on humans as well as on the environment. Due to limited available data, nanopesticides have become a double-edged weapon. Therefore, nanomaterials need to be evaluated extensively for their large-scale adoption. In this article, we reviewed the nanoformulations that are developed and have proved effective against the insect pests under postharvest storage of grains.
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