1
|
Macho-González A, Apaza Ticona L, Redondo-Castillejo R, Hernández-Martín M, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Hernáiz MJ, Bastida S, Benedí J, Bocanegra A, López-Oliva ME, Mateos-Vega C, Garcimartín A. The preventive and therapeutic consumption of meat enriched with carob fruit extract, rich in phenolic compounds, improves colonic antioxidant status in late-stage T2DM rats. Food Chem 2024; 450:139339. [PMID: 38657343 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is prevalent in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and has been associated with high meat consumption. Carob Fruit Extract (CFE) contains phenolic compounds, making it a suitable functional ingredient. Current study aims to evaluate the effect of CFE-enriched meat (CFE-meat) consumption on the antioxidant status of proximal and distal colon, and its relationship with fecal phenolic compounds in late-stage T2DM rats. Three groups of eight rats were studied: 1) D, fed control-meat; 2) ED, fed CFE-meat since the beginning of the study; 3) DE, fed CFE-meat after confirming T2DM. CFE-meat consumption reduces colonic oxidative stress mainly in the proximal section and helps to ameliorate glutathione metabolism and antioxidant score. Difference between ED and DE groups were associated with colon homeostasis and T2DM progression suggesting greater fermentation but lower absorption in the DE group. CFE appears as a promising tool to improve the antioxidant status observed in late-stage T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Macho-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - Luis Apaza Ticona
- Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rocío Redondo-Castillejo
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - Marina Hernández-Martín
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - Francisco José Sánchez-Muniz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - María José Hernáiz
- Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sara Bastida
- Nutrition and Food Science Department (Nutrition), Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - Juana Benedí
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - Aránzazu Bocanegra
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - María Elvira López-Oliva
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| | - Carmen Mateos-Vega
- Biomedicine Sciences Department, Pharmacy School, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Garcimartín
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zampieri G, Cabrol L, Urra C, Castro-Nallar E, Schwob G, Cleary D, Angione C, Deacon RMJ, Hurley MJ, Cogram P. Microbiome alterations are associated with apolipoprotein E mutation in Octodon degus and humans with Alzheimer's disease. iScience 2024; 27:110348. [PMID: 39148714 PMCID: PMC11324989 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome dysbiosis is linked to many neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). A major risk factor for AD is polymorphism in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, which affects gut microbiome composition. To explore the gut-brain axis in AD, long-lived animal models of naturally developing AD-like pathologies are needed. Octodon degus (degu) exhibit spontaneous AD-like symptoms and ApoE mutations, making them suitable for studying the interplay between AD genetic determinants and gut microbiome. We analyzed the association between APOE genotype and gut microbiome in 50 humans and 32 degu using16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Significant associations were found between the degu ApoE mutation and gut microbial changes in degu, notably a depletion of Ruminococcaceae and Akkermansiaceae and an enrichment of Prevotellaceae, mirroring patterns seen in people with AD. The altered taxa were previously suggested to be involved in AD, validating the degu as an unconventional model for studying the AD/microbiome crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Zampieri
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Léa Cabrol
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Aix Marseille University, University Toulon, CNRS, IRD, Méditerranéen Institute of Océanographie (MIO) UM 110, Avenue de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Claudio Urra
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Eduardo Castro-Nallar
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Universidad Andres Bello, Avenida República 239, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Guillaume Schwob
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - David Cleary
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Claudio Angione
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Robert M J Deacon
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
| | - Michael J Hurley
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Patricia Cogram
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago 7800003, Chile
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, B240 Med Sci, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baba Y, Azuma N, Saito Y, Takahashi K, Matsui R, Takara T. Effect of Intake of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Resting Energy Expenditure: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparison Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2345. [PMID: 39064788 PMCID: PMC11279889 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis GCL2505 in combination with inulin has been shown to have several health benefits, including an improvement in the intestinal microbiota and a reduction in human visceral fat. Previous studies have suggested that the visceral fat reduction of GCL2505 and inulin may be achieved by improving daily energy expenditure. This parallel, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the effects of GCL2505 and inulin on resting energy expenditure (REE) in overweight or mildly obese Japanese adults (n = 44). Participants ingested 1 × 1010 colony forming units of GCL2505 and 5.0 g of inulin daily for 4 weeks. REE score at week 4 was set as the primary endpoint. At week 4, the REE score of the GCL2505 and inulin group was significantly higher than that of the placebo group, with a difference of 84.4 kcal/day. In addition, fecal bifidobacteria counts were significantly increased in the GCL2505 and inulin group. Our results indicated that the intake of GCL2505 and inulin improves energy balance, which is known to be a major factor of obesity, by modulating the microbiota in the gut. This is the first report to demonstrate the effects of probiotics and dietary fiber on REE in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Baba
- Dairy Business Division, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Azuma
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Yasuo Saito
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Kazuma Takahashi
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Risa Matsui
- R&D Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., 4-6-5 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-8502, Japan; (N.A.); (Y.S.); (K.T.); (R.M.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Takara
- Medical Corporation Seishinkai Takara Clinic, 9F Taisei Bldg., 2-3-2 Higashi-gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-0022, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Basuray N, Deehan EC, Vieira FT, Avedzi HM, Duke RL, Colín-Ramírez E, Tun HM, Zhang Z, Wine E, Madsen KL, Field CJ, Haqq AM. Dichotomous effect of dietary fiber in pediatrics: a narrative review of the health benefits and tolerance of fiber. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:557-568. [PMID: 38480843 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Dietary fibers are associated with favorable gastrointestinal, immune, and metabolic health outcomes when consumed at sufficient levels. Despite the well-described benefits of dietary fibers, children and adolescents continue to fall short of daily recommended levels. This gap in fiber intake (i.e., "fiber gap") might increase the risk of developing early-onset pediatric obesity and obesity-related comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus into adulthood. The structure-dependent physicochemical properties of dietary fiber are diverse. Differences in solubility, viscosity, water-holding capacity, binding capability, bulking effect, and fermentability influence the physiological effects of dietary fibers that aid in regulating appetite, glycemic and lipidemic responses, and inflammation. Of growing interest is the fermentation of fibers by the gut microbiota, which yields both beneficial and less favorable end-products such as short-chain fatty acids (e.g., acetate, propionate, and butyrate) that impart metabolic and immunomodulatory properties, and gases (e.g., hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane) that cause gastrointestinal symptoms, respectively. This narrative review summarizes (1) the implications of fibers on the gut microbiota and the pathophysiology of pediatric obesity, (2) some factors that potentially contribute to the fiber gap with an emphasis on undesirable gastrointestinal symptoms, (3) some methods to alleviate fiber-induced symptoms, and (4) the therapeutic potential of whole foods and commonly marketed fiber supplements for improved health in pediatric obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Basuray
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edward C Deehan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Flávio T Vieira
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hayford M Avedzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Reena L Duke
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Hein M Tun
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Zhengxiao Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Eytan Wine
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen L Madsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea M Haqq
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sato K, Hara-Chikuma M, Yasui M, Inoue J, Kim YG. Sufficient water intake maintains the gut microbiota and immune homeostasis and promotes pathogen elimination. iScience 2024; 27:109903. [PMID: 38799550 PMCID: PMC11126815 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Water is the most abundant substance in the human body and plays a pivotal role in various bodily functions. While underhydration is associated with the incidence of certain diseases, the specific role of water in gut function remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that water restriction disrupts gut homeostasis, which is accompanied by a bloom of gut microbes and decreased numbers of immune cells, especially Th17 cells, within the colon. These microbial and immunological changes in the gut are associated with an impaired ability to eliminate the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Moreover, aquaporin 3, a water channel protein, is required for the maintenance of Th17 cell function and differentiation. Taken together, adequate water intake is critical for maintaining bacterial and immunological homeostasis in the gut, thereby enhancing host defenses against enteric pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Sato
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-0882, Japan
| | - Mariko Hara-Chikuma
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Joe Inoue
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang K, Qiu H, Chen F, Cai P, Qi F. Considering traditional Chinese medicine as adjunct therapy in the management of chronic constipation by regulating intestinal flora. Biosci Trends 2024; 18:127-140. [PMID: 38522913 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2024.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Chronic constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide. Due to changes in diet, lifestyle, and the aging population, the incidence of chronic constipation has increased year by year. It has had an impact on daily life and poses a considerable economic burden. Nowadays, many patients with chronic constipation try to seek help from complementary and alternative therapies, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is often their choice. The intestinal flora play an important role in the pathogenesis of constipation by affecting the body's metabolism, secretion, and immunity. Regulating the intestinal flora and optimizing its composition might become an important prevention and treatment for chronic constipation. TCM has unique advantages in regulating the imbalance of intestinal flora, and its curative effect is precise. Therefore, we reviewed the relationship between intestinal flora and chronic constipation as well as advances in research on TCM as adjunct therapy in the management of chronic constipation by regulating intestinal flora. Some single Chinese herbs and their active ingredients (e.g., Rheum palmatum, Radix Astragalus, and Cistanche deserticola), some traditional herbal formulations (e.g., Jichuan decoction, Zengye decoction, and Zhizhu decoction) and some Chinese patent medicines (e.g., Maren pills and Shouhui Tongbian capsules) that are commonly used to treat chronic constipation by regulating intestinal flora are highlighted and summarized. Moreover, some external forms of TCM, and especially acupuncture, have also been found to improve intestinal movement and alleviate constipation symptoms by regulating intestinal flora. We hope this review can contribute to an understanding of TCM as an adjunct therapy for chronic constipation and that it can provide useful information for the development of more effective constipation therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Hua Qiu
- Gynecology, Jinan Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Pingping Cai
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Fanghua Qi
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mruk-Mazurkiewicz H, Kulaszyńska M, Czarnecka W, Podkówka A, Ekstedt N, Zawodny P, Wierzbicka-Woś A, Marlicz W, Skupin B, Stachowska E, Łoniewski I, Skonieczna-Żydecka K. Insights into the Mechanisms of Action of Akkermansia muciniphila in the Treatment of Non-Communicable Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:1695. [PMID: 38892628 PMCID: PMC11174979 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review delineates the extensive roles of Akkermansia muciniphila in various health domains, spanning from metabolic and inflammatory diseases to neurodegenerative disorders. A. muciniphila, known for its ability to reside in the mucous layer of the intestine, plays a pivotal role in maintaining gut integrity and interacting with host metabolic processes. Its influence extends to modulating immune responses and potentially easing symptoms across several non-communicable diseases, including obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Recent studies highlight its capacity to interact with the gut-brain axis, suggesting a possible impact on neuropsychiatric conditions. Despite the promising therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila highlighted in animal and preliminary human studies, challenges remain in its practical application due to stability and cultivation issues. However, the development of pasteurized forms and synthetic mediums offers new avenues for its use in clinical settings, as recognized by regulatory bodies like the European Food Safety Authority. This narrative review serves as a crucial resource for understanding the broad implications of A. muciniphila across different health conditions and its potential integration into therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honorata Mruk-Mazurkiewicz
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Monika Kulaszyńska
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Wiktoria Czarnecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Albert Podkówka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Natalia Ekstedt
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Piotr Zawodny
- Medical Center Zawodny Clinic, Ku Słońcu 58, 71-047 Szczecin, Poland;
| | | | - Wojciech Marlicz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Błażej Skupin
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland (N.E.); (I.Ł.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gonza I, Goya-Jorge E, Douny C, Boutaleb S, Taminiau B, Daube G, Scippo ML, Louis E, Delcenserie V. Food additives impair gut microbiota from healthy individuals and IBD patients in a colonic in vitro fermentation model. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114157. [PMID: 38519184 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a long-term complication of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Changes in microbial populations have been linked with the onset of fibrosis and some food additives are known to promote intestinal inflammation facilitating fibrosis induction. In this study, we investigated how polysorbate 80, sucralose, titanium dioxide, sodium nitrite and maltodextrin affect the gut microbiota and the metabolic activity in healthy and IBD donors (patients in remission and with a flare of IBD). The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) with a static (batch) configuration was used to evaluate the effects of food additives on the human intestinal microbiota. Polysorbate 80 and sucralose decreased butyrate-producing bacteria such as Roseburia and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Both compounds, also increased bacterial species positively correlated with intestinal inflammation and fibrosis (i.e.: Enterococcus, Veillonella and Mucispirillum schaedleri), especially in donors in remission of IBD. Additionally, polysorbate 80 induced a lower activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the three groups of donors, which can affect the intestinal homeostasis. Maltodextrin, despite increasing short-chain fatty acids production, promoted the growth of Ruminococcus genus, correlated with higher risk of fibrosis, and decreased Oscillospira which is negatively associated with fibrosis. Our findings unveil crucial insights into the potential deleterious effects of polysorbate 80, sucralose and maltodextrin on human gut microbiota in healthy and, to a greater extent, in IBD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irma Gonza
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Elizabeth Goya-Jorge
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Caroline Douny
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Samiha Boutaleb
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Georges Daube
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Edouard Louis
- Hepato - Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Véronique Delcenserie
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Q, Chen D, Gao X, Jiang Y, Yu T, Jiang L, Tang Y. Association between fecal short-chain fatty acid levels and constipation severity in subjects with slow transit constipation. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:394-403. [PMID: 38417059 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We measured the fecal levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in subjects with slow transit constipation (STC) and assessed the correlation between SCFA levels and disease severity as well as quality of life. METHODS We isolated the supernatant from fecal samples of healthy and STC subjects and measured the SCFA levels. To assess the correlation between fecal SCFA levels and disease severity as well as quality of life, we used the Constipation Scoring System, Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms, and Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life questionnaires. RESULTS 16 STC subjects and 16 healthy controls were enrolled. STC subjects had lower SCFA levels, but the difference was not statistically significant (475.85 ± 251.68 vs. 639.77 ± 213.97 µg/ml, P = 0.056). Additionally, STC subjects had lower acetic and propionic acid levels (149.06 ± 88.54 vs. 261.33 ± 109.75 µg/ml and 100.60 ± 60.62 vs. 157.34 ± 66.37 µg/ml, respectively, P < 0.05) and higher isobutyric and isovaleric acid levels (27.21 ± 15.06 vs. 18.16 ± 8.65 µg/ml and 31.78 ± 18.81 vs. 16.90 ± 10.05 µg/ml, respectively, P < 0.05). At 252.21 µg/ml acetic acid, the specificity and sensitivity to distinguish healthy from STC subjects were 93.7% and 56.3%, respectively. In STC subjects, there were significant negative correlations between acetic and propionic acid levels and Constipation Scoring System scores. CONCLUSION Fecal SCFA, acetic acid, and propionic acid levels decreased in STC subjects. There were significant negative correlations between the levels of the two acids and constipation severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
BouSaba J, Zheng T, Dilmaghani S, Johnson S, Chen J, Camilleri M. Effect of rapid colonic transit on stool microbiome and short-chain fatty acids in diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 2024; 73:375-376. [PMID: 36657960 PMCID: PMC10354207 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-329359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joelle BouSaba
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ting Zheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Saam Dilmaghani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen Johnson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael Camilleri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cui C, Shi Y, Hong H, Zhou Y, Qiao C, Zhao L, Jia X, Zhao W, Shen Y. 5-HT4 Receptor is Protective for MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Mice Via Altering Gastrointestinal Motility or Gut Microbiota. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:610-627. [PMID: 37782386 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Serotonergic dysfunction is related to both motor and nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). As a 5-HT receptor, 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) is well-studied and already-used in clinical therapy of constipation, which is a typical non-motor symptom in PD. In this study, we investigated the role of 5-HT4R as a regulator of gut function in MPTP-induced acute PD mice model. Daily intraperitoneal injection of GR 125487 (5-HT4R antagonist) was administered 3 days before MPTP treatment until sacrifice. Seven days post-MPTP treatment, feces were collected and gastrointestinal transit time (GITT) was measured, 8 days post-MPTP treatment, behavioral tests were performed, and then animals were sacrificed for the further analysis. We found GR 125487 pretreatment not only increased GITT, but also aggravated MPTP-induced motor bradykinesia. In addition, GR 125487 pretreatment exacerbated the loss of dopaminergic neurons probably by suppressing JAK2/PKA/CREB signaling pathway and increased reactive glia and neuroinflammation in the striatum. 16 S rRNA sequencing of fecal microbiota showed that GR 125487 pretreatment altered the composition of gut microbiota, in which the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Clostridium clostridioforme was increased, whereas that of Parabacteroides distasonis and Bacteroides fragilis was decreased, which are closely associated with inflammation condition. Taken together, we demonstrated that GR 125487 pretreatment exacerbates MPTP-induced striatal neurodegenerative processes possibly via the JAK2/PKA/CREB pathway and neuroinflammation by altering gut microbiota composition. In the microbiota-gut-brain axis of PD, 5-HT4R should be further explored and might serve as a target for PD diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Cui
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenmeng Qiao
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuebing Jia
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Weijiang Zhao
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanqin Shen
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Injury, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Minnebo Y, De Paepe K, Raes J, Van de Wiele T. Eating patterns contribute to shaping the gut microbiota in the mucosal simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad149. [PMID: 37974054 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating patterns, i.e. meal frequency and circadian timing of meals, are often modified in weight loss and metabolic healing strategies. However, in-depth research into the effects on the gut microbiome remains scarce, particularly across various colon regions and niches. We identified eating patterns to contribute in shaping the in vitro gut biomass production, metabolism, and microbial community compositions by subjecting four faecal microbiomes to a pattern that is standardized for a dynamic gut model (feeding at 09, 17, and 01 h), a typical Western (breakfast, lunch, and dinner at 09, 13, and 19 h, respectively), and a time-restricted pattern (single meal at 09 h). While eating patterns moderately affected the microbiome (2.4% and 1.8% significant variation in proportional and quantitative microbial compositions, respectively), significant changes were noted in the time-restricted pattern, including increased Bacteroides, Butyricicoccus, Dialister, and Faecalibacterium abundances. Sampling every 4 h revealed no significant circadian fluctuations in biomass production, microbial community compositions, or functionality. Longer fasting times favoured the growth of slower-growing species, such as Akkermansia, Dialister, and Parasutterella over faster-growers, such as Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas. Our findings illustrate the importance of recording and considering eating patterns as a gut microbiome determinant in in vivo and in vitro dietary intervention studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Minnebo
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim De Paepe
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu L, Mahalak KK, Bobokalonov JT, Narrowe AB, Firrman J, Lemons JMS, Bittinger K, Hu W, Jones SM, Moustafa AM. Impact of Ivermectin on the Gut Microbial Ecosystem. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16125. [PMID: 38003317 PMCID: PMC10671733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ivermectin is a an anti-helminthic that is critical globally for both human and veterinary care. To the best of our knowledge, information available regarding the influence of ivermectin (IVM) on the gut microbiota has only been collected from diseased donors, who were treated with IVM alone or in combination with other medicines. Results thus obtained were influenced by multiple elements beyond IVM, such as disease, and other medical treatments. The research presented here investigated the impact of IVM on the gut microbial structure established in a Triple-SHIME® (simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem), using fecal material from three healthy adults. The microbial communities were grown using three different culture media: standard SHIME media and SHIME media with either soluble or insoluble fiber added (control, SF, ISF). IVM introduced minor and temporary changes to the gut microbial community in terms of composition and metabolite production, as revealed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis, flow cytometry, and GC-MS. Thus, it was concluded that IVM is not expected to induce dysbiosis or yield adverse effects if administered to healthy adults. In addition, the donor's starting community influences the relationship between IVM and the gut microbiome, and the soluble fiber component in feed could protect the gut microbiota from IVM; an increase in short-chain fatty acid production was predicted by PICRUSt2 and detected with IVM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LinShu Liu
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Karley K. Mahalak
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Jamshed T. Bobokalonov
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Adrienne B. Narrowe
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Jenni Firrman
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Johanna M. S. Lemons
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Weiming Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Steven M. Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ahmed M. Moustafa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Minnebo Y, Delbaere K, Goethals V, Raes J, Van de Wiele T, De Paepe K. Gut microbiota response to in vitro transit time variation is mediated by microbial growth rates, nutrient use efficiency and adaptation to in vivo transit time. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:240. [PMID: 37926855 PMCID: PMC10626715 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transit time is an important modulator of the human gut microbiome. The inability to modify transit time as the sole variable hampers mechanistic in vivo microbiome research. We singled out gut transit time in an unprecedented in vitro approach by subjecting faecal microbial communities from six individuals with either short, medium or long in vivo transit times, to three different colonic transit times of 21, 32 and 63 h in the validated human gut in vitro model, SHIME. RESULTS Transit time was identified as the single most important driver of microbial cell concentrations (52%), metabolic activity (45%) and quantitative (24%) and proportional (22%) community composition. Deceleration of transit was characterised by a significant decrease of specific Bifidobacterium and Veillonella spp. and increase of specific fibre degrading bacteria and nutrient specialists, such as Bacteroides, Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Bilophila and Akkermansia spp. These microbial communities reached a higher population density and net carbohydrate fermentation, leading to an increased SCFA production at longer transit times. In contrast, the carbohydrate-to-biomass production efficiency was increased at shorter transits, particularly in well-adapted faecal microbiomes from donors with short in vivo transit. Said adaptation was also reflected in the carbohydrate-to-SCFA conversion efficiency which varied with donor, but also colon region and SCFA chain length. A long transit time promoted propionate production, whereas butyrate production and butyrate producers were selectively enriched in the proximal colon at medium transit time. CONCLUSION Microbial growth rates and nutrient utilisation efficiency mediate the species-specific gut microbiota response to in vitro transit time variation, which is the main driver of in vitro microbial load, metabolism and community composition. Given the in vivo transit time variation within and between individuals, the personalisation of in vitro transit time based on in vivo data is required to accurately study intra- and inter-individual differences in gut microbiome structure, functionality and interactions with host and environmental modulators. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Minnebo
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Delbaere
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valerie Goethals
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Kim De Paepe
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma T, Huang W, Li Y, Jin H, Kwok LY, Sun Z, Zhang H. Probiotics alleviate constipation and inflammation in late gestating and lactating sows. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:70. [PMID: 37741814 PMCID: PMC10517943 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00434-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Constipation and systemic inflammation are common in late pregnant and lactating sows, which cause health problems like uteritis, mastitis, dystocia, or even stillbirth, further influencing piglets' survival and growth. Probiotic supplementation can improve such issues, but the beneficial mechanism of relieving constipation and enhancing gut motility remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of probiotic supplementation in drinking water to late pregnant sows on constipation, inflammation, and piglets' growth performance. Seventy-four sows were randomly allocated to probiotic (n = 36) and control (n = 38) groups. Probiotic treatment significantly relieved sow constipation, enhanced serum IL-4 and IL-10 levels while reducing serum IL-1β, IL-12p40, and TNF-α levels, and increased piglet daily gain and weaning weight. Furthermore, probiotic administration reshaped the sow gut bacteriome and phageome structure/diversity, accompanied by increases in some potentially beneficial bacteria. At 113 days of gestation, the probiotic group was enriched in several gut microbial bioactive metabolites, multiple carbohydrate-active enzymes that degrade pectin and starch, fecal butyrate and acetate, and some serum metabolites involved in vitamin and amino acid metabolism. Our integrated correlation network analysis revealed that the alleviation of constipation and inflammation was associated with changes in the sow gut bacteriome, phageome, bioactive metabolic potential, and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yalin Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Macpherson AJ, Pachnis V, Prinz M. Boundaries and integration between microbiota, the nervous system, and immunity. Immunity 2023; 56:1712-1726. [PMID: 37557080 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system is largely autonomous, and the central nervous system is compartmentalized behind the blood-brain barrier. Yet the intestinal microbiota shapes gut function, local and systemic immune responses, and central nervous system functions including cognition and mood. In this review, we address how the gut microbiota can profoundly influence neural and immune networks. Although many of the interactions between these three systems originate in the intestinal mucosa, intestinal function and immunity are modulated by neural pathways that connect the gut and brain. Furthermore, a subset of microbe-derived penetrant molecules enters the brain and regulates central nervous system function. Understanding how these seemingly isolated entities communicate has the potential to open up new avenues for therapies and interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Macpherson
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Vassilis Pachnis
- Nervous System Development and Homeostasis Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kadyan S, Park G, Wang B, Singh P, Arjmandi B, Nagpal R. Resistant starches from dietary pulses modulate the gut metabolome in association with microbiome in a humanized murine model of ageing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10566. [PMID: 37386089 PMCID: PMC10310774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37036-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that plant-based fiber-rich diets improve ageing-associated health by fostering a healthier gut microbiome and microbial metabolites. However, such effects and mechanisms of resistant starches from dietary pulses remain underexplored. Herein, we examine the prebiotic effects of dietary pulses-derived resistant starch (RS) on gut metabolome in older (60-week old) mice carrying a human microbiome. Gut metabolome and its association with microbiome are examined after 20-weeks feeding of a western-style diet (control; CTL) fortified (5% w/w) with RS from pinto beans (PTB), black-eyed-peas (BEP), lentils (LEN), chickpeas (CKP), or inulin (INU; reference control). NMR spectroscopy-based untargeted metabolomic analysis yield differential abundance linking phenotypic differences in specific metabolites among different RS groups. LEN and CKP increase butyrate, while INU promotes propionate. Conversely, bile acids and cholesterol are reduced in prebiotic groups along with suppressed choline-to-trimethylamine conversion by LEN and CKP, whereas amino acid metabolism is positively altered. Multi-omics microbiome-metabolome interactions reveal an association of beneficial metabolites with the Lactobacilli group, Bacteroides, Dubosiella, Parasutterella, and Parabacteroides, while harmful metabolites correlate with Butyricimonas, Faecalibaculum, Colidextribacter, Enterococcus, Akkermansia, Odoribacter, and Bilophila. These findings demonstrate the functional effects of pulses-derived RS on gut microbial metabolism and their beneficial physiologic responses in an aged host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kadyan
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Gwoncheol Park
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Bahram Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sambruni G, Macandog AD, Wirbel J, Cagnina D, Catozzi C, Dallavilla T, Borgo F, Fazio N, Fumagalli-Romario U, Petz WL, Manzo T, Ravenda SP, Zeller G, Nezi L, Schaefer MH. Location and condition based reconstruction of colon cancer microbiome from human RNA sequencing data. Genome Med 2023; 15:32. [PMID: 37131219 PMCID: PMC10155404 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between microbes and cancer has been reported repeatedly; however, it is not clear if molecular tumour properties are connected to specific microbial colonisation patterns. This is due mainly to the current technical and analytical strategy limitations to characterise tumour-associated bacteria. METHODS Here, we propose an approach to detect bacterial signals in human RNA sequencing data and associate them with the clinical and molecular properties of the tumours. The method was tested on public datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and its accuracy was assessed on a new cohort of colorectal cancer patients. RESULTS Our analysis shows that intratumoural microbiome composition is correlated with survival, anatomic location, microsatellite instability, consensus molecular subtype and immune cell infiltration in colon tumours. In particular, we find Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Coprococcus comes, Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Clostridium spp. to be strongly associated with tumour properties. CONCLUSIONS We implemented an approach to concurrently analyse clinical and molecular properties of the tumour as well as the composition of the associated microbiome. Our results may improve patient stratification and pave the path for mechanistic studies on microbiota-tumour crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sambruni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Angeli D Macandog
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Jakob Wirbel
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Danilo Cagnina
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlotta Catozzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziano Dallavilla
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Borgo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Fazio
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Wanda L Petz
- Digestive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Teresa Manzo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona P Ravenda
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Georg Zeller
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luigi Nezi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
| | - Martin H Schaefer
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
García Mendez D, Sanabria J, Wist J, Holmes E. Effect of Operational Parameters on the Cultivation of the Gut Microbiome in Continuous Bioreactors Inoculated with Feces: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6213-6225. [PMID: 37070710 PMCID: PMC10143624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the early 1980s, multiple researchers have contributed to the development of in vitro models of the human gastrointestinal system for the mechanistic interrogation of the gut microbiome ecology. Using a bioreactor for simulating all the features and conditions of the gastrointestinal system is a massive challenge. Some conditions, such as temperature and pH, are readily controlled, but a more challenging feature to simulate is that both may vary in different regions of the gastrointestinal tract. Promising solutions have been developed for simulating other functionalities, such as dialysis capabilities, peristaltic movements, and biofilm growth. This research field is under constant development, and further efforts are needed to drive these models closer to in vivo conditions, thereby increasing their usefulness for studying the gut microbiome impact on human health. Therefore, understanding the influence of key operational parameters is fundamental for the refinement of the current bioreactors and for guiding the development of more complex models. In this review, we performed a systematic search for operational parameters in 229 papers that used continuous bioreactors seeded with human feces. Despite the reporting of operational parameters for the various bioreactor models being variable, as a result of a lack of standardization, the impact of specific operational parameters on gut microbial ecology is discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of the current bioreactor systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David
Felipe García Mendez
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
| | - Janeth Sanabria
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
- Environmental
Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Engineering School of Environmental
& Natural Resources, Engineering Faculty, Universidad del Valle—Sede Meléndez, Cali, Colombia 76001
| | - Julien Wist
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
- Chemistry
Department, Universidad del Valle, 76001, Cali, Colombia
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Australian
National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, Perth, Australia WA6150
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Arapovic L, Huang Y, Manell E, Verbeek E, Keeling L, Sun L, Landberg R, Lundh T, Lindberg JE, Dicksved J. Age Rather Than Supplementation with Oat β-Glucan Influences Development of the Intestinal Microbiota and SCFA Concentrations in Suckling Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081349. [PMID: 37106912 PMCID: PMC10135274 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of early supplementation with oat β-glucan during the suckling period on piglet gut microbiota composition, concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, and gut physiological markers were assessed. Fifty piglets from five litters, balanced for sex and birth weight, were divided within litters into two treatment groups: β-glucan and control. Piglets in the β-glucan group received the supplement three times/week from day 7 of age until weaning. Rectal swab samples were collected from 10 piglets per treatment group (balanced across litters) from week 1 to week 4, and plasma samples were collected at 1, 3, and 4 weeks of age. Additional samples of intestinal tissues and jugular and portal vein plasma were collected from 10 animals at weaning (one per treatment group and litter). The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in plasma and the microbiota composition in rectal swabs were mainly influenced by piglet age, rather than the supplement. There were significant differences in microbiota composition between litters and several correlations between concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in plasma and specific microbial taxa in rectal swabs. Overall, β-glucan supplementation did not have any clear impact on the gut environment in suckling piglets, whereas a clear age-related pattern emerged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Arapovic
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Elin Manell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Else Verbeek
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linda Keeling
- Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Lundh
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Erik Lindberg
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Dicksved
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Oliveira RA, Pamer EG. Assembling symbiotic bacterial species into live therapeutic consortia that reconstitute microbiome functions. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:472-484. [PMID: 37054670 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Increasing experimental evidence suggests that administering live commensal bacterial species can optimize microbiome composition and lead to reduced disease severity and enhanced health. Our understanding of the intestinal microbiome and its functions has increased over the past two decades largely due to deep sequence analyses of fecal nucleic acids, metabolomic and proteomic assays to measure nutrient use and metabolite production, and extensive studies on the metabolism and ecological interactions of a wide range of commensal bacterial species inhabiting the intestine. Herein, we review new and important findings that have emerged from this work and provide thoughts and considerations on approaches to re-establish and optimize microbiome functions by assembling and administering commensal bacterial consortia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita A Oliveira
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases & Global Health, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Eric G Pamer
- Duchossois Family Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases & Global Health, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Parkar N, Dalziel JE, Spencer NJ, Janssen P, McNabb WC, Young W. Slowed gastrointestinal transit is associated with an altered caecal microbiota in an aged rat model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1139152. [PMID: 36998634 PMCID: PMC10043340 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1139152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) motility is largely dependent upon activity within the enteric nervous system (ENS) and is an important part of the digestive process. Dysfunction of the ENS can impair GI motility as is seen in the case of constipation where gut transit time is prolonged. Animal models mimicking symptoms of constipation have been developed by way of pharmacological manipulations. Studies have reported an association between altered GI motility and gut microbial population. Little is known about the changes in gut microbiota profile resulting specifically from pharmacologically induced slowed GI motility in rats. Moreover, the relationship between gut microbiota and altered intestinal motility is based on studies using faecal samples, which are easier to obtain but do not accurately reflect the intestinal microbiome. The aim of this study was to examine how delayed GI transit due to opioid receptor agonism in the ENS modifies caecal microbiota composition. Differences in caecal microbial composition of loperamide-treated or control male Sprague Dawley rats were determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The results revealed that significant differences were observed at both genus and family level between treatment groups. Bacteroides were relatively abundant in the loperamide-induced slowed GI transit group, compared to controls. Richness and diversity of the bacterial communities was significantly lower in the loperamide-treated group compared to the control group. Understanding the link between specific microbial species and varying transit times is crucial to design interventions targeting the microbiome and to treat intestinal motility disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Parkar
- Smart Foods and Bioproducts, AgResearch Smart, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Nabil Parkar,
| | - Julie E. Dalziel
- Smart Foods and Bioproducts, AgResearch Smart, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nick J. Spencer
- Discipline of Physiology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, School of Medicine, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Patrick Janssen
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Warren C. McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- Smart Foods and Bioproducts, AgResearch Smart, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tannock GW. Gnotobiotic experimentation helps define symbiogenesis in vertebrate evolution. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2169943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald W. Tannock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Memili A, Lulla A, Liu H, Shikany JM, Jacobs DR, Langsetmo L, North KE, Jones C, Launer LJ, Meyer KA. Physical activity and diet associations with the gut microbiota in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. J Nutr 2023; 153:552-561. [PMID: 36775672 PMCID: PMC10127529 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota may influence metabolic pathways related to chronic health conditions. Evidence for physical activity and diet influences on gut microbial composition exists, but data from diverse population-based cohort studies are limited. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that gut microbial diversity and genera are associated with physical activity and diet quality. METHODS Data were from 537 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, a prospective cohort, who attended the year 30 follow-up examination (2015-2016; aged 47-61 y; 45% Black race/55% White race; 45% men/55% women). The 16S ribosomal RNA marker gene was sequenced from stool DNA, and genus-level taxonomy was assigned. Within-person microbial diversity (α-diversity) was assessed with Shannon diversity index and richness scores; between-person diversity (β-diversity) measures were generated with principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). Current and long-term physical activity and diet quality measures were derived from data collected over 30 y of follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted regression analysis controlled for: sociodemographic variables (age, race, sex, education, and field center), other health behaviors (smoking, alcohol consumption, and medication use), and adjusted for multiple comparisons with the false discovery rate (<0.20). RESULTS Based on PCoA β-diversity, participants' microbial community compositions differed significantly (P < 0.001), with respect to both current and long-term physical activity and diet quality. α-Diversity was associated only with current physical activity (positively) in multivariable-adjusted analysis. Multiple genera (n = 45) were associated with physical activity and fewer with diet (n = 5), including positive associations with Lachnospiraceae UCG-001 and Ruminococcaceae IncertaeSedis with both behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity and diet quality were associated with gut microbial composition among 537 participants in the CARDIA study. Multiple genera were associated with physical activity. Physical activity and diet quality were associated with genera consistent with pathways related to inflammation and short-chain fatty acid production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Memili
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anju Lulla
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Departments of Biology, iBGS, and Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lisa Langsetmo
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Corbin Jones
- Departments of Biology, iBGS, and Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katie A Meyer
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mihara H, Uchida K, Watanabe Y, Nanjo S, Sakumura M, Motoo I, Ando T, Minemura M, Muhammad JS, Yamamoto H, Itoh F, Yasuda I. Colonic TRPV4 overexpression is related to constipation severity. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:13. [PMID: 36639736 PMCID: PMC9838009 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic constipation is prevalent and involves both colon sensitivity and various changes in intestinal bacteria, particularly mucosa-associated microflora. Here we examined regulatory mechanisms of TRPV4 expression by co-culturing colon epithelial cell lines with intestinal bacteria and their derivatives. We also investigated TRPV4 expression in colon epithelium from patients with constipation. METHODS Colon epithelial cell lines were co-cultured with various enterobacteria (bacterial components and supernatant), folate, LPS, or short chain fatty acids. TRPV4 expression levels and promoter DNA methylation were assessed using pyrosequencing, and microarray network analysis. For human samples, correlation coefficients were calculated and multiple regression analyses were used to examine the association between clinical background, rectal TRPV4 expression level and mucosa-associated microbiota. RESULTS Co-culture of CCD841 cells with P. acnes, C. perfringens, or S. aureus transiently decreased TRPV4 expression but did not induce methylation. Co-culture with clinical isolates and standard strains of K. oxytoca, E. faecalis, or E. coli increased TRPV4 expression in CCD841 cells, and TRPV4 and TNF-alpha expression were increased by E. coli culture supernatants but not bacterial components. Although folate, LPS, IL-6, TNF-alpha, or SCFAs alone did not alter TRPV4 expression, TRPV4 expression following exposure to E. coli culture supernatants was inhibited by butyrate or TNF-alphaR1 inhibitor and increased by p38 inhibitor. Microarray network analysis showed activation of TNF-alpha, cytokines, and NOD signaling. TRPV4 expression was higher in constipated patients from the terminal ileum to the colorectum, and multiple regression analyses showed that low stool frequency, frequency of defecation aids, and duration were associated with TRPV4 expression. Meanwhile, incomplete defecation, time required to defecate, and number of defecation failures per 24 h were associated with increased E. faecalis frequency. CONCLUSIONS Colon epithelium cells had increased TRPV4 expression upon co-culture with K. oxytoca, E. faecalis, or E. coli supernatants, as well as TNFα-stimulated TNFαR1 expression via a pathway other than p38. Butyrate treatment suppressed this increase. Epithelial TRPV4 expression was increased in constipated patients, suggesting that TRPV4 together with increased frequency of E. faecalis may be involved in the pathogenesis of various constipation symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Mihara
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XCenter for Medical Education and Career Development, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kunitoshi Uchida
- grid.418046.f0000 0000 9611 5902Department of Physiological Science and Molecular Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Rinko General Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan ,grid.412764.20000 0004 0372 3116Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Sohachi Nanjo
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Miho Sakumura
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Iori Motoo
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ando
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masami Minemura
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- grid.412789.10000 0004 4686 5317Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Bioinformatics, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Fumio Itoh
- grid.412764.20000 0004 0372 3116Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yasuda
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Renall N, Lawley B, Vatanen T, Merz B, Douwes J, Corbin M, Te Morenga L, Kruger R, Breier BH, Tannock GW. The fecal microbiotas of women of Pacific and New Zealand European ethnicities are characterized by distinctive enterotypes that reflect dietary intakes and fecal water content. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2178801. [PMID: 36799472 PMCID: PMC9980675 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2178801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition that is an important risk factor for noncommunicable diseases including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. While prevention and management require a healthy and energy balanced diet and adequate physical activity, the taxonomic composition and functional attributes of the colonic microbiota may have a supplementary role in the development of obesity. The taxonomic composition and metabolic capacity of the fecal microbiota of 286 women, resident in Auckland New Zealand, was determined by metagenomic analysis. Associations with BMI (obese, nonobese), body fat composition, and ethnicity (Pacific, n = 125; NZ European women [NZE], n = 161) were assessed using regression analyses. The fecal microbiotas were characterized by the presence of three distinctive enterotypes, with enterotype 1 represented in both Pacific and NZE women (39 and 61%, respectively), enterotype 2 mainly in Pacific women (84 and 16%) and enterotype 3 mainly in NZE women (13 and 87%). Enterotype 1 was characterized mainly by the relative abundances of butyrate producing species, Eubacterium rectale and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, enterotype 2 by the relative abundances of lactic acid producing species, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Lactobacillus ruminis, and enterotype 3 by the relative abundances of Subdoligranulum sp., Akkermansia muciniphila, Ruminococcus bromii, and Methanobrevibacter smithii. Enterotypes were also associated with BMI, visceral fat %, and blood cholesterol. Habitual food group intake was estimated using a 5 day nonconsecutive estimated food record and a 30 day, 220 item semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Higher intake of 'egg' and 'dairy' products was associated with enterotype 3, whereas 'non-starchy vegetables', 'nuts and seeds' and 'plant-based fats' were positively associated with enterotype 1. In contrast, these same food groups were inversely associated with enterotype 2. Fecal water content, as a proxy for stool consistency/colonic transit time, was associated with microbiota taxonomic composition and gene pools reflective of particular bacterial biochemical pathways. The fecal microbiotas of women of Pacific and New Zealand European ethnicities are characterized by distinctive enterotypes, most likely due to differential dietary intake and fecal consistency/colonic transit time. These parameters need to be considered in future analyses of human fecal microbiotas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Renall
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand,Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand,Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Blair Lawley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tommi Vatanen
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benedikt Merz
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-InstitutKarlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Marine Corbin
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Lisa Te Morenga
- Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand,Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Rozanne Kruger
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bernhard H Breier
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand,Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Gerald W Tannock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand,CONTACT Gerald W Tannock Department of Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Waseem MR, Shin A, Siwiec R, James-Stevenson T, Bohm M, Rogers N, Wo J, Waseem L, Gupta A, Jarrett M, Kadariya J, Xu H. Associations of Fecal Short Chain Fatty Acids With Colonic Transit, Fecal Bile Acid, and Food Intake in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2023; 14:e00541. [PMID: 36227781 PMCID: PMC9875959 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) correlate with colonic transit time (CTT) and may influence irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology. However, the clinical significance of fecal SCFAs, relationships between SCFAs and other metabolites (bile acids [BAs]), and real-time diet effects on SCFAs in IBS are uncertain. The aim was to evaluate fecal SCFA associations with IBS phenotype and mechanisms and explore effects of real-time diet. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study of fecal SCFA, BAs, and CTT in healthy controls (HCs) and participants with IBS. We compared study end points across groups, analyzed relationships between end points, and evaluated the discriminative ability of SCFAs. Diet effects were explored in participants with dietary data. RESULTS Among 21 HCs and 43 participants with IBS, fecal SCFAs (total, individual) were inversely correlated with overall (all P < 0.01) and segmental (all P < 0.05) CTT; similar associations were observed within HC and IBS groups. The acetate-to-butyrate ratio correlated with slower overall and left CTT in all and in HCs (both P < 0.01). SCFAs (total, acetate) correlated with BAs (total, % primary) in all participants and in those with IBS with diarrhea. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated associations of acetate with slower transit (odds ratio = 0.988, P = 0.002) and BA diarrhea (BAD; odds ratio = 1.014, P = 0.001). Acetate accurately predicted delayed CTT (area under the receiving operating characteristic curve = 0.84) and BAD (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.79). Adjusting for diet strengthened correlations of total SCFAs with overall CTT ( R = [-0.46], P = 0.04) and SCFAs with transverse CTT (all P < 0.05). DISCUSSION Fecal SCFAs correlate with CTT and fecal BAs and reliably exclude delayed CTT and BAD. Accounting for diet strengthens SCFA associations with transit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Rayyan Waseem
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrea Shin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert Siwiec
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Toyia James-Stevenson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Matthew Bohm
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nicholas Rogers
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - John Wo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Lina Waseem
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Anita Gupta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Megan Jarrett
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jhalka Kadariya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Huiping Xu
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Procházková N, Falony G, Dragsted LO, Licht TR, Raes J, Roager HM. Advancing human gut microbiota research by considering gut transit time. Gut 2023; 72:180-191. [PMID: 36171079 PMCID: PMC9763197 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that gut transit time is a key factor in shaping the gut microbiota composition and activity, which are linked to human health. Both population-wide and small-scale studies have identified transit time as a top covariate contributing to the large interindividual variation in the faecal microbiota composition. Despite this, transit time is still rarely being considered in the field of the human gut microbiome. Here, we review the latest research describing how and why whole gut and segmental transit times vary substantially between and within individuals, and how variations in gut transit time impact the gut microbiota composition, diversity and metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may causally affect gut motility. We argue that by taking into account the interindividual and intraindividual differences in gut transit time, we can advance our understanding of diet-microbiota interactions and disease-related microbiome signatures, since these may often be confounded by transient or persistent alterations in transit time. Altogether, a better understanding of the complex, bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and transit time is required to better understand gut microbiome variations in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Procházková
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Gwen Falony
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Tine Rask Licht
- National Food Institute, Technical University, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik M Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Van den Abbeele P, Deyaert S, Thabuis C, Perreau C, Bajic D, Wintergerst E, Joossens M, Firrman J, Walsh D, Baudot A. Bridging preclinical and clinical gut microbiota research using the ex vivo SIFR ® technology. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1131662. [PMID: 37187538 PMCID: PMC10178071 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1131662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While modulation of the human adult gut microbiota is a trending strategy to improve health, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Methods This study aimed to assess the predictive value of the ex vivo, reactor-based, high-throughput SIFR® (Systemic Intestinal Fermentation Research) technology for clinical findings using three structurally different prebiotics [inulin (IN), resistant dextrin (RD) and 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL)]. Results The key finding was that data obtained within 1-2 days were predictive for clinical findings upon repeated prebiotic intake over weeks: among hundreds of microbes, IN stimulated Bifidobacteriaceae, RD boosted Parabacteroides distasonis, while 2'FL specifically increased Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Anaerobutyricum hallii. In line with metabolic capabilities of these taxa, specific SCFA (short-chain fatty acids) were produced thus providing insights that cannot be obtained in vivo where such metabolites are rapidly absorbed. Further, in contrast to using single or pooled fecal microbiota (approaches used to circumvent low throughput of conventional models), working with 6 individual fecal microbiota enabled correlations that support mechanistic insights. Moreover, quantitative sequencing removed the noise caused by markedly increased cell densities upon prebiotic treatment, thus allowing to even rectify conclusions of previous clinical trials related to the tentative selectivity by which prebiotics modulate the gut microbiota. Counterintuitively, not the high but rather the low selectivity of IN caused only a limited number of taxa to be significantly affected. Finally, while a mucosal microbiota (enriched with Lachnospiraceae) can be integrated, other technical aspects of the SIFR® technology are a high technical reproducibility, and most importantly, a sustained similarity between the ex vivo and original in vivo microbiota. Discussion By accurately predicting in vivo results within days, the SIFR® technology can help bridge the so-called "Valley of Death" between preclinical and clinical research. Facilitating development of test products with better understanding of their mode of action could dramatically increase success rate of microbiome modulating clinical trials.Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Danica Bajic
- Glycom A/S-DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | - Marie Joossens
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jenni Firrman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Boekhorst J, Venlet N, Procházková N, Hansen ML, Lieberoth CB, Bahl MI, Lauritzen L, Pedersen O, Licht TR, Kleerebezem M, Roager HM. Stool energy density is positively correlated to intestinal transit time and related to microbial enterotypes. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:223. [PMID: 36510309 PMCID: PMC9743556 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesised that the gut microbiota causally affects obesity via its capacity to extract energy from the diet. Yet, evidence elucidating the role of particular human microbial community structures and determinants of microbiota-dependent energy harvest is lacking. RESULTS Here, we investigated whether energy extraction from the diet in 85 overweight adults, estimated by dry stool energy density, was associated with intestinal transit time and variations in microbial community diversity and overall structure stratified as enterotypes. We hypothesised that a slower intestinal transit would allow for more energy extraction. However, opposite of what we expected, the stool energy density was positively associated with intestinal transit time. Stratifications into enterotypes showed that individuals with a Bacteroides enterotype (B-type) had significantly lower stool energy density, shorter intestinal transit times, and lower alpha-diversity compared to individuals with a Ruminococcaceae enterotype (R-type). The Prevotella (P-type) individuals appeared in between the B- and R-type. The differences in stool energy density between enterotypes were not explained by differences in habitual diet, intake of dietary fibre or faecal bacterial cell counts. However, the R-type individuals showed higher urinary and faecal levels of microbial-derived proteolytic metabolites compared to the B-type, suggesting increased colonic proteolysis in the R-type individuals. This could imply a less effective colonic energy extraction in the R-type individuals compared to the B-type individuals. Notably, the R-type had significantly lower body weight compared to the B-type. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that gut microbial energy harvest is diversified among individuals by intestinal transit time and associated gut microbiome ecosystem variations. A better understanding of these associations could support the development of personalised nutrition and improved weight-loss strategies. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jos Boekhorst
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Naomi Venlet
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Procházková
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mathias L. Hansen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christian B. Lieberoth
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Martin I. Bahl
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tine Rask Licht
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henrik M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chung HC, Gaynanova I, Ni Y. Phylogenetically informed Bayesian truncated copula graphical models for microbial association networks. Ann Appl Stat 2022. [DOI: 10.1214/21-aoas1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yang Ni
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nejati S, Wang J, Sedaghat S, Balog NK, Long AM, Rivera UH, Kasi V, Park K, Johnson JS, Verma MS, Rahimi R. Smart capsule for targeted proximal colon microbiome sampling. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:83-96. [PMID: 36162763 PMCID: PMC9986838 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly the colon region, holds a highly diverse microbial community that plays an important role in the metabolism, physiology, nutrition, and immune function of the host body. Accumulating evidence has revealed that alteration in these microbial communities is the pivotal step in developing various metabolic diseases, including obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer. However, there is still a lack of clear understanding of the interrelationship between microbiota and diet as well as the effectiveness of chemoprevention strategies, including pre and probiotic agents in modifying the colonic microbiota and preventing digestive diseases. Existing methods for assessing these microbiota-diet interactions are often based on samples collected from the feces or endoscopy techniques which are incapable of providing information on spatial variations of the gut microbiota or are considered invasive procedures. To address this need, here we have developed an electronic-free smart capsule that enables site-specific sampling of the gut microbiome within the proximal colon region of the GI tract. The 3D printed device houses a superabsorbent hydrogel bonded onto a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) disk that serves as a milieu to collect the fluid in the gut lumen and its microbiome by rapid swelling and providing the necessary mechanical actuation to close the capsule after the sampling is completed. The targeted colonic sampling is achieved by coating the sampling aperture on the capsule with a double-layer pH-sensitive enteric coating, which delays fluid in the lumen from entering the capsule until it reaches the proximal colon of the GI tract. To identify the appropriate pH-responsive double-layer coating and processing condition, a series of systematic dissolution characterizations in different pH conditions that mimicked the GI tract was conducted. The effective targeted microbial sampling performance and preservation of the smart capsule with the optimized design were validated using both realistic in vitro GI tract models with mixed bacteria cultures and in vivo with pigs as an animal model. The results from 16s rRNA and WideSeq analysis in both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the bacterial population sampled within the retrieved capsule closely matched the bacterial population within the targeted sampling region (proximal colon). Herein, it is envisioned that such smart sampling capsule technology will provide new avenues for gastroenterological research and clinical applications, including diet-host-microbiome relationships, focused on human GI function and health. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The colonic microbiota plays a major role in the etiology of numerous diseases. Extensive efforts have been conducted to monitor the gut microbiome using sequencing technologies based on samples collected from feces or mucosal biopsies that are typically obtained by colonoscopy. Despite the simplicity of fecal sampling procedures, they are incapable of preserving spatial and temporal information about the bacteria through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In contrast, colonoscopy is an invasive and impractical approach to frequently assess the effect of dietary and therapeutic intake on the microbiome and their impact on the health of the patient. Here, we developed a non-invasive capsule that enables targeted sampling from the ascending colon, thereby providing crucial information for disease prediction and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Nejati
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jiangshan Wang
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Sotoudeh Sedaghat
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Nicole K Balog
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Amanda M Long
- USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Ulisses Heredia Rivera
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Venkat Kasi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Kinam Park
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jay S Johnson
- USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Mohit S Verma
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Rahim Rahimi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Interaction between the Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Motility. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3240573. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3240573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is the largest symbiotic ecosystem with the host and has been proven to play an important role in maintaining the stability of the intestinal environment. The imbalance of the gut microbiota is caused by the imbalance between the symbiotic microbiota and the pathogenic microbiota. The commensal microbiome regulates intestinal motility, while the pathogenic microbiome causes intestinal motility disorder, resulting in disease development. Intestinal motility is a relatively general term, and its meaning may include intestinal muscle contraction, intestinal wall biomechanics, intestinal compliance, and transmission. The role of intestinal microecology and intestinal motility are interrelated, intestinal flora disorder mediates intestinal motility, and abnormal intestinal motility affects colonization of the intestinal flora. In this review, we briefly outlined the interaction between gut microbiota and intestinal motility and provided a reference for future studies.
Collapse
|
34
|
Pascale N, Gu F, Larsen N, Jespersen L, Respondek F. The Potential of Pectins to Modulate the Human Gut Microbiota Evaluated by In Vitro Fermentation: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173629. [PMID: 36079886 PMCID: PMC9460662 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin is a dietary fiber, and its health effects have been described extensively. Although there are limited clinical studies, there is a growing body of evidence from in vitro studies investigating the effect of pectin on human gut microbiota. This comprehensive review summarizes the findings of gut microbiota modulation in vitro as assessed by 16S rRNA gene-based technologies and elucidates the potential structure-activity relationships. Generally, pectic substrates are slowly but completely fermented, with a greater production of acetate compared with other fibers. Their fermentation, either directly or by cross-feeding interactions, results in the increased abundances of gut bacterial communities such as the family of Ruminococcaceae, the Bacteroides and Lachnospira genera, and species such as Lachnospira eligens and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, where the specific stimulation of Lachnospira and L. eligens is unique to pectic substrates. Furthermore, the degree of methyl esterification, the homogalacturonan-to-rhamnogalacturonan ratio, and the molecular weight are the most influential structural factors on the gut microbiota. The latter particularly influences the growth of Bifidobacterium spp. The prebiotic potential of pectin targeting specific gut bacteria beneficial for human health and well-being still needs to be confirmed in humans, including the relationship between its structural features and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nélida Pascale
- CP Kelco, Cumberland Center II, 3100 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 600, Atlanta, GA 30339, USA
| | - Fangjie Gu
- CP Kelco, Cumberland Center II, 3100 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 600, Atlanta, GA 30339, USA
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Nadja Larsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lene Jespersen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen X, Qiu TT, Wang Y, Xu LY, Sun J, Jiang ZH, Zhao W, Tao T, Zhou YW, Wei LS, Li YQ, Zheng YY, Zhou GH, Chen HQ, Zhang J, Feng XB, Wang FY, Li N, Zhang XN, Jiang J, Zhu MS. A Shigella species variant is causally linked to intractable functional constipation. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e150097. [PMID: 35617029 PMCID: PMC9282927 DOI: 10.1172/jci150097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intractable functional constipation (IFC) is the most severe form of constipation, but its etiology has long been unknown. We hypothesized that IFC is caused by refractory infection by a pathogenic bacterium. Here, we isolated from patients with IFC a Shigella species - peristaltic contraction-inhibiting bacterium (PIB) - that significantly inhibited peristaltic contraction of the colon by production of docosapentenoic acid (DPA). PIB colonized mice for at least 6 months. Oral administration of PIB was sufficient to induce constipation, which was reversed by PIB-specific phages. A mutated PIB with reduced DPA was incapable of inhibiting colonic function and inducing constipation, suggesting that DPA produced by PIB was the key mediator of the genesis of constipation. PIBs were detected in stools of 56% (38 of 68) of the IFC patients, but not in those of non-IFC or healthy individuals (0 of 180). DPA levels in stools were elevated in 44.12% (30 of 68) of the IFC patients but none of the healthy volunteers (0 of 97). Our results suggest that Shigella sp. PIB may be the critical causative pathogen for IFC, and detection of fecal PIB plus DPA may be a reliable method for IFC diagnosis and classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Shaanxi An-Ning-Yunsheng Biotechnology Limited Company, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian-Tian Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
- Shaanxi An-Ning-Yunsheng Biotechnology Limited Company, Xi’an, China
| | - Li-Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
- Shaanxi An-Ning-Yunsheng Biotechnology Limited Company, Xi’an, China
| | - Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
- Shaanxi An-Ning-Yunsheng Biotechnology Limited Company, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Tao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Yu-Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Li-Sha Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Ye-Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Yan-Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Guo-Hua Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua-Qun Chen
- School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Feng
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang-Yu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| | - Jun Jiang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min-Sheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lu D, Pi Y, Ye H, Wu Y, Bai Y, Lian S, Han D, Ni D, Zou X, Zhao J, Zhang S, Kemp B, Soede N, Wang J. Consumption of Dietary Fiber with Different Physicochemical Properties during Late Pregnancy Alters the Gut Microbiota and Relieves Constipation in Sow Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:2511. [PMID: 35745241 PMCID: PMC9229973 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Constipation is a common problem in sows and women during late pregnancy. Dietary fiber has potential in the regulation of intestinal microbiota, thereby promoting intestinal motility and reducing constipation. However, the effects of fibers with different physicochemical properties on intestinal microbe and constipation during late pregnancy have not been fully explored. In this study, a total of 80 sows were randomly allocated to control and one of three dietary fiber treatments from day 85 of gestation to delivery: LIG (lignocellulose), PRS (resistant starch), and KON (konjaku flour). Results showed that the defecation frequency and fecal consistency scores were highest in PRS. PRS and KON significantly increased the level of gut motility regulatory factors, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), motilin (MTL), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in serum. Moreover, PRS and KON promoted the IL-10 level and reduced the TNF-α level in serum. Furthermore, maternal PRS and KON supplementation significantly reduced the number of stillborn piglets. Microbial sequencing analysis showed that PRS and KON increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing genera Bacteroides and Parabacteroides and decreased the abundance of endotoxin-producing bacteria Desulfovibrio and Oscillibacter in feces. Moreover, the relative abundance of Turicibacter and the fecal butyrate concentration in PRS were the highest. Correlation analysis further revealed that the defecation frequency and serum 5-HT were positively correlated with Turicibacter and butyrate. In conclusion, PRS is the best fiber source for promoting gut motility, which was associated with increased levels of 5-HT under specific bacteria Turicibacter and butyrate stimulation, thereby relieving constipation. Our findings provide a reference for dietary fiber selection to improve intestinal motility in late pregnant mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yu Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Biological Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Boen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ganzhou 341000, China; (D.N.); (X.Z.)
| | - Hao Ye
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands; (H.Y.); (B.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Yujun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Yu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuai Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Dongjiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Biological Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Boen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ganzhou 341000, China; (D.N.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xinhua Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Boen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ganzhou 341000, China; (D.N.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| | - Bas Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands; (H.Y.); (B.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Nicoline Soede
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands; (H.Y.); (B.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (D.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.W.); (Y.B.); (S.L.); (D.H.); (J.Z.); (S.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jardon KM, Canfora EE, Goossens GH, Blaak EE. Dietary macronutrients and the gut microbiome: a precision nutrition approach to improve cardiometabolic health. Gut 2022; 71:1214-1226. [PMID: 35135841 PMCID: PMC9120404 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiome is an important regulator of body weight, glucose and lipid metabolism, and inflammatory processes, and may thereby play a key role in the aetiology of obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Interindividual responsiveness to specific dietary interventions may be partially determined by differences in baseline gut microbiota composition and functionality between individuals with distinct metabolic phenotypes. However, the relationship between an individual's diet, gut microbiome and host metabolic phenotype is multidirectional and complex, yielding a challenge for practical implementation of targeted dietary guidelines. In this review, we discuss the latest research describing interactions between dietary composition, the gut microbiome and host metabolism. Furthermore, we describe how this knowledge can be integrated to develop precision-based nutritional strategies to improve bodyweight control and metabolic health in humans. Specifically, we will address that (1) insight in the role of the baseline gut microbial and metabolic phenotype in dietary intervention response may provide leads for precision-based nutritional strategies; that (2) the balance between carbohydrate and protein fermentation by the gut microbiota, as well as the site of fermentation in the colon, seems important determinants of host metabolism; and that (3) 'big data', including multiple omics and advanced modelling, are of undeniable importance in predicting (non-)response to dietary interventions. Clearly, detailed metabolic and microbial phenotyping in humans is necessary to better understand the link between diet, the gut microbiome and host metabolism, which is required to develop targeted dietary strategies and guidelines for different subgroups of the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Jardon
- Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands,TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuel E Canfora
- Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs H Goossens
- Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands .,TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sun H, Zhao F, Liu Y, Ma T, Jin H, Quan K, Leng B, Zhao J, Yuan X, Li Z, Li F, Kwok LY, Zhang S, Sun Z, Zhang J, Zhang H. Probiotics synergized with conventional regimen in managing Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:62. [PMID: 35610236 PMCID: PMC9130297 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is mainly managed by pharmacological therapy (e.g., Benserazide and dopamine agonists). However, prolonged use of these drugs would gradually diminish their dopaminergic effect. Gut dysbiosis was observed in some patients with PD, suggesting close association between the gut microbiome and PD. Probiotics modulate the host's gut microbiota beneficially. A 3-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to investigate the beneficial effect of probiotic co-administration in patients with PD. Eighty-two PD patients were recruited and randomly divided into probiotic [n = 48; Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Probio-M8 (Probio-M8), Benserazide, dopamine agonists] and placebo (n = 34; placebo, Benserazide, dopamine agonists) groups. Finally, 45 and 29 patients from Probio-M8 and placebo groups provided complete fecal and serum samples for further omics analysis, respectively. The results showed that Probio-M8 co-administration conferred added benefits by improving sleep quality, alleviating anxiety, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Metagenomic analysis showed that, after the intervention, there were significantly more species-level genome bins (SGBs) of Bifidobacterium animalis, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospira, while less Lactobacillus fermentum and Klebsiella oxytoca in Probio-M8 group (P < 0.05). Interestingly, Lactobacillus fermentum correlated positively with the scores of UPDRS-III, HAMA, HAMD-17, and negatively with MMSE. Klebsiella oxytoca correlated negatively with feces hardness. Moreover, co-administering Probio-M8 increased SGBs involved in tryptophan degradation, gamma-aminobutyric acid, short-chain fatty acids, and secondary bile acid biosynthesis, as well as serum acetic acid and dopamine levels (P < 0.05). Taken together, Probio-M8 synergized with the conventional regimen and strengthened the clinical efficacy in managing PD, accompanied by modifications of the host's gut microbiome, gut microbial metabolic potential, and serum metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
- Department of neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Feiyan Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Hao Jin
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Keyu Quan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Bing Leng
- Department of neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Junwu Zhao
- Department of neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Xiaoling Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Department of neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Shukun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhang
- Department of neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China.
| | - Heping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
A high-fibre personalised dietary advice given via a web tool reduces constipation complaints in adults. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11:e31. [PMID: 35573462 PMCID: PMC9066321 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Constipation can greatly impact the quality of life (QoL), which can be relieved by dietary fibres; however, preserving a higher fibre intake remains a challenge. We investigated the effects of a personalised dietary advice (PDA) on fibre intake and mild constipation complaints. A total number of twenty-five adults with mild constipation complaints were included in a 4-week observation period followed by a 4-week personalised intervention. The PDA provided high-fibre alternatives via a web tool. In weeks 1, 4 and 8, dietary intake, constipation complaints and QoL were assessed. Furthermore, participants collected a faecal sample at weeks 1, 4 and 8 to determine microbiota diversity and composition, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Participants completed questions daily for 8 weeks regarding abdominal complaints, stool frequency and stool consistency. Fibre intake in week 8 was significantly higher compared to week 1 (Δ = 5·7 ± 6·7 g, P < 0·001) and week 4 (Δ = 5·2 ± 6·4 g, P < 0·001). Constipation severity and QoL significantly improved at week 8 compared to the observation period (P < 0·001). A higher fibre intake significantly reduced constipation severity (β = -0·031 (-0·05; -0·01), P = 0·001) and the QoL (β = -0·022 (-0·04; -0·01), P = 0·009). Stool consistency (P = 0·040) and abdominal pain (P = 0·030) improved significantly during the intervention period (P = 0·040), but stool frequency did not. Average microbial alpha diversity and composition and SCFA concentrations did not change over time, but indicated individual-specific dynamics. Several SCFAs were associated with constipation complaints. To conclude, a PDA effectively increased fibre intake and subsequently reduced constipation complaints, indicating that guided dietary adjustments are important and feasible in the treatment of mild constipation complaints.
Collapse
Key Words
- BMI, body mass index
- Constipation
- Dietary fibre
- EMA, ecological momentary assessment
- FFQ, food frequency questionnaire
- Functional bowel disorders
- IBS-C, Irritable Bowel Syndrome constipation predominant
- MET, metabolic equivalent task
- PAC-QoL, Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life
- PAC-SYM, Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms
- PDA, personalised dietary advice
- Personalised nutrition
- QoL, quality of life
- Quality of life
- SQUASH, short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity
- VAS, visual analogue scale
Collapse
|
40
|
Yao Z, Fu S, Ren B, Ma L, Sun D. Based on Network Pharmacology and Gut Microbiota Analysis to Investigate the Mechanism of the Laxative Effect of Pterostilbene on Loperamide-Induced Slow Transit Constipation in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:913420. [PMID: 35652049 PMCID: PMC9148975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.913420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pterostilbene (PTE) is a natural polyphenol compound that has been proven to improve intestinal inflammation, but its laxative effect on slow transit constipation (STC) has never been studied. This study aims to investigate the laxative effect of PTE on loperamide (LOP)-induced STC mice and its influence on intestinal microbes through a combination of network pharmacological analysis and experimental verification.Material and Methods: PTE was used to treat LOP-exposed mice, and the laxative effect of PTE was evaluated by the total intestinal transit time and stool parameters. The apoptosis of Cajal interstitial cells (ICCs) was detected by immunofluorescence. The mechanism of PTE’s laxative effect was predicted by network pharmacology analysis. We used western blot technology to verify the predicted hub genes and pathways. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH-Px were tested to reflect oxidative stress levels and the changes of gut microbiota were detected by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.Results: PTE treatment could significantly improve the intestinal motility disorder caused by LOP. Apoptosis of ICCs increased in the STC group, but decreased significantly in the PTE intervention group. Through network pharmacological analysis, PTE might reduce the apoptosis of ICCs by enhancing PI3K/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, and improve constipation caused by LOP. In colon tissues, PTE improved the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and upregulated the phosphorylation of AKT. The level of MDA increased and GSH-Px decreased in the STC group, while the level of oxidative stress was significantly reduced in the PTE treatment groups. PTE also promoted the secretion of intestinal hormone and restored the microbial diversity caused by LOP.Conclusion: Pterostilbene ameliorated the intestinal motility disorder induced by LOP, this effect might be achieved by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of ICCs through the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
41
|
Black Soldier Fly Larvae Influence Internal and Substrate Bacterial Community Composition Depending on Substrate Type and Larval Density. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0008422. [PMID: 35532232 PMCID: PMC9128521 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00084-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saprophagous fly larvae interact with a rich community of bacteria in decomposing organic matter. Larvae of some species, such as the black soldier fly, can process a wide range of organic residual streams into edible insect biomass and thus produce protein as a sustainable component of livestock feed. The microbiological safety of the insects and substrates remains a point of concern. Substrate-associated bacteria can dominate the larval gut microbiota, but the larvae can also alter the bacterial community in the substrate. However, the relative importance of substrate type and larval density in bacterial community dynamics is unknown. We investigated four larval densities (0 [control], 50, 100, or 200 larvae per container [520 mL; diameter, 75 mm]) and three feed substrates (chicken feed, chicken manure, and camelina substrate [50% chicken feed, 50% camelina oilseed press cake]) and sampled the bacterial communities of the substrates and larvae at three time points over 15 days. Although feed substrate was the strongest driver of microbiota composition over time, larval density significantly altered the relative abundances of several common bacterial genera, including potential pathogens, in each substrate and in larvae fed chicken feed. Bacterial communities of the larvae and substrate differed to a higher degree in chicken manure and camelina than in chicken feed. This supports the substrate-dependent impact of black soldier fly larvae on bacteria both within the larvae and in the substrate. This study indicates that substrate composition and larval density can alter bacterial community composition and might be used to improve insect microbiological safety. IMPORTANCE Black soldier fly larvae can process organic side streams into nutritious insect biomass, yielding a sustainable ingredient of animal feed. In processing such organic residues, the larvae impact the substrate and its microbiota. However, their role relative to the feed substrate in shaping the bacterial community is unknown. This may be important for the waste management industry to determine whether pathogens can be controlled by manipulating the larval density and the timing of harvest. We investigated how the type of feed substrate and the larval density (number of larvae per container) interacted to influence bacterial community composition in the substrates and larvae over time. Substrate type was the strongest driver of bacterial community composition, and the magnitude of the impact of the larvae depended on the substrate type and larval density. Thus, both substrate composition and larval density may be used to improve the microbiological safety of the larvae as animal feed.
Collapse
|
42
|
Wu G, Tawfeeq HR, Lackey AI, Zhou Y, Sifnakis Z, Zacharisen SM, Xu H, Doran JM, Sampath H, Zhao L, Lam YY, Storch J. Gut Microbiota and Phenotypic Changes Induced by Ablation of Liver- and Intestinal-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins. Nutrients 2022; 14:1762. [PMID: 35565729 PMCID: PMC9099671 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP; FABP2) and liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP; FABP1) are small intracellular lipid-binding proteins. Deficiency of either of these proteins in mice leads to differential changes in intestinal lipid transport and metabolism, and to markedly divergent changes in whole-body energy homeostasis. The gut microbiota has been reported to play a pivotal role in metabolic process in the host and can be affected by host genetic factors. Here, we examined the phenotypes of wild-type (WT), LFABP-/-, and IFABP-/- mice before and after high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and applied 16S rRNA gene V4 sequencing to explore guild-level changes in the gut microbiota and their associations with the phenotypes. The results show that, compared with WT and IFABP-/- mice, LFABP-/- mice gained more weight, had longer intestinal transit time, less fecal output, and more guilds containing bacteria associated with obesity, such as members in family Desulfovibrionaceae. By contrast, IFABP-/- mice gained the least weight, had the shortest intestinal transit time, the most fecal output, and the highest abundance of potentially beneficial guilds such as those including members from Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium. Twelve out of the eighteen genotype-related bacterial guilds were associated with body weight. Interestingly, compared with WT mice, the levels of short-chain fatty acids in feces were significantly higher in LFABP-/- and IFABP-/- mice under both diets. Collectively, these studies show that the ablation of LFABP or IFABP induced marked changes in the gut microbiota, and these were associated with HFD-induced phenotypic changes in these mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Wu
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Hiba R. Tawfeeq
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Atreju I. Lackey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Yinxiu Zhou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Zoe Sifnakis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Sophia M. Zacharisen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Heli Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Justine M. Doran
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Harini Sampath
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Yan Y. Lam
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolism Group, Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Calderon G, Patel C, Camilleri M, James-Stevenson T, Bohm M, Siwiec R, Rogers N, Wo J, Lockett C, Gupta A, Xu H, Shin A. Associations of Habitual Dietary Intake With Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Bowel Functions in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. J Clin Gastroenterol 2022; 56:234-242. [PMID: 33780215 PMCID: PMC8435047 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GOALS Diet may contribute to symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and luminal production of putative IBS biomarkers including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Study aims were to to assess relationships of habitual fiber or starch intake with fecal SCFAs in patients with IBS and healthy volunteers (HVs). STUDY In 18 HVs and 30 patients with IBS (13 constipation-predominant [IBS-C] and 17 diarrhea-predominant [IBS-D]), habitual diet using a food frequency questionnaire; bowel functions using a validated bowel diary; and fecal SCFAs by HPLC-mass spectrometry were assessed. Associations of fiber and starch with SCFAs were analyzed using Spearman (rs) and Pearson (R) correlations. Relationships between other dietary endpoints, SCFAs, and bowel functions were explored. RESULTS Habitual fiber or starch intakes were not significantly correlated with SCFAs or bowel functions in all participants or HVs nor with SCFAs in IBS. Starch was negatively correlated (R=-0.53; P=0.04) with complete evacuation in IBS-D. Fiber (rs=0.65; P=0.02) and starch (rs=0.56; P=0.05) were correlated with ease of passage in IBS-C. Stool form, frequency, and ease of passage were positively correlated with total SCFAs (all P<0.05), acetate (all P<0.01), propionate (all P<0.05), and butyrate (form P=0.01; ease of passage P=0.05) among all participants, but not in IBS. Complete evacuation was negatively correlated with propionate (R=-0.34; P=0.04) in all participants. Total (P=0.04) and individual SCFAs (all P<0.05) were positively correlated with stool form in HVs. CONCLUSIONS Habitual fiber and starch intake does not influence fecal SCFAs but may influence bowel functions in IBS. Fecal SCFAs correlate with bowel functions among all participants including HVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Calderon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Chirag Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Michael Camilleri
- Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Toyia James-Stevenson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Matthew Bohm
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Robert Siwiec
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Nicholas Rogers
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - John Wo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Carolyn Lockett
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Anita Gupta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Huiping Xu
- Department of Biostatistics; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Andrea Shin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Fecal Microbiota Signatures Are Not Consistently Related to Symptom Severity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:5137-5148. [PMID: 35624331 PMCID: PMC9587953 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent functional bowel disorder, but its pathophysiology is still unknown. Although a microbial signature associated with IBS severity has been suggested, its association with IBS severity still remains largely unknown. AIMS This study aims to assess longitudinal dynamics of fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in different IBS severity groups and study the association with stool pattern, diet, depression, anxiety, and quality of life (QoL). METHODS A longitudinal study was performed, including n = 91 IBS patients and n = 28 matched controls. All participants collected fecal samples for microbiota composition and SCFA analysis and completed validated questionnaires regarding IBS severity, stool pattern, depression, anxiety, and IBS-QoL at two timepoints with four weeks in-between. Diet was assessed at the first timepoint. RESULTS Over time, 36% of IBS patients changed in severity group, and 53% changed in predominant stool pattern. The largest proportion of microbiota variation was explained by the individual (R2 = 70.07%). Microbiota alpha diversity and composition, and SCFAs did not differ between IBS severity groups, nor between IBS and controls. Relative abundances of Bifidobacterium, Terrisporobacter, and Turicibacter consistently differed between IBS and controls, but not between IBS severity groups. Large dynamics over time were observed in the association of microbiota composition with questionnaire data where IBS symptom severity was associated at T1 but not at T2. CONCLUSIONS Fecal microbiota and SCFA signatures were not consistently associated with IBS severity over time, indicating the importance of repeated sampling in IBS research.
Collapse
|
45
|
Ríos-Ríos KL, Dejonghe W, Vanbroekhoven K, Rakotoarivonina H, Rémond C. Enzymatic Production of Xylo-oligosaccharides from Destarched Wheat Bran and the Impact of Their Degree of Polymerization and Substituents on Their Utilization as a Carbon Source by Probiotic Bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13217-13226. [PMID: 34706532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic production of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOs) from destarched wheat bran with a GH11 xylanase was studied. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOs) produced were separated into different fractions according to their degree of polymerization (DP) and the nature of their substituents: arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOs) with a DP from 2 to 3 and DP from 2 to 6 and feruloylated arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (FAXOs) esterified by ferulic and p-coumaric acids with a DP from 3 to 6. Both AXOs (short and long DP) and FAXOs stimulated the growth of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Prevotella copri similarly but not Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The utilization of AXOs and FAXOs as a carbon source resulted in the increase in turbidity, decrease in pH, and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the culture broth. The highest amount of SCFAs was produced by F. prausnitzii using FAXOs. Results suggest that FAXOs and AXOs have the potential to be considered as prebiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina L Ríos-Ríos
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097 Reims, France
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Winnie Dejonghe
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Karolien Vanbroekhoven
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Harivony Rakotoarivonina
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Caroline Rémond
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097 Reims, France
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yang B, Tian H, Ye C, Lin Z, Zhao D, Ma C, Zhao J, Wu S, Jiang R, Li N, Qin H, Chen Q. The Efficacy and Safety of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Combined With Biofeedback for Mixed Constipation: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:746990. [PMID: 34746183 PMCID: PMC8564017 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.746990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) combined with biofeedback for patients with mixed constipation. Patients who received biofeedback (biofeedback group, n = 40) and those who received FMT combined with biofeedback (FMT combination group, n = 45) were enrolled. Spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) frequency, Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS), and Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC-SYM) score were analyzed to evaluate the effect of treatment. Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) scores of patients were used to assess the quality of life, and the safety of FMT combination therapy was evaluated by the presence of adverse events. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on the fecal samples of 12 donors, feces of 31 patients before and after receiving FMT combination treatment. Comparing the biofeedback group and the FMT combination group 1 month after the treatment, significant differences were observed in the mean value of SBM frequency, BSFS, and PAC-SYM scores, which were 2.15 ± 1.05 vs. 3.61 ± 0.89 (p = 0.0031), 2.1 ± 0.9 vs. 2.5 ± 1.2 (p = 0.008), and 2.4 ± 0.5 vs. 2.2 ± 0.6 (p = 0.0021), respectively. Meanwhile, FMT combination therapy had long-term beneficial effects according to the data collected at six months and 12 months after the treatment. With respect to the quality of life, GIQLI scores were higher in the FMT combination group (103.6 ± 15.1) compared with that in the biofeedback group (88.7 ± 10.1) one month after administration (p = 0.0042). In addition, there were no significant differences between the two groups in adverse events, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and other side effects. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showing some well-known probiotics had significantly increased after FMT combination treatment compared with pre-FMT samples, such as Prevotella and Bifidobacterium. Findings of this study suggested that FMT combined with biofeedback could be effective and safe for patients with mixed constipation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiliang Lin
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlian Ma
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Institue of Medical Innovation, Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Shouxin Wu
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Institue of Medical Innovation, Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Rongfeng Jiang
- Shanghai Zhangjiang Institue of Medical Innovation, Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Li
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyi Chen
- Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Asnicar F, Leeming ER, Dimidi E, Mazidi M, Franks PW, Al Khatib H, Valdes AM, Davies R, Bakker E, Francis L, Chan A, Gibson R, Hadjigeorgiou G, Wolf J, Spector TD, Segata N, Berry SE. Blue poo: impact of gut transit time on the gut microbiome using a novel marker. Gut 2021; 70:1665-1674. [PMID: 33722860 PMCID: PMC8349893 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gut transit time is a key modulator of host-microbiome interactions, yet this is often overlooked, partly because reliable methods are typically expensive or burdensome. The aim of this single-arm, single-blinded intervention study is to assess (1) the relationship between gut transit time and the human gut microbiome, and (2) the utility of the 'blue dye' method as an inexpensive and scalable technique to measure transit time. METHODS We assessed interactions between the taxonomic and functional potential profiles of the gut microbiome (profiled via shotgun metagenomic sequencing), gut transit time (measured via the blue dye method), cardiometabolic health and diet in 863 healthy individuals from the PREDICT 1 study. RESULTS We found that gut microbiome taxonomic composition can accurately discriminate between gut transit time classes (0.82 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) and longer gut transit time is linked with specific microbial species such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides spp and Alistipes spp (false discovery rate-adjusted p values <0.01). The blue dye measure of gut transit time had the strongest association with the gut microbiome over typical transit time proxies such as stool consistency and frequency. CONCLUSIONS Gut transit time, measured via the blue dye method, is a more informative marker of gut microbiome function than traditional measures of stool consistency and frequency. The blue dye method can be applied in large-scale epidemiological studies to advance diet-microbiome-health research. Clinical trial registry website https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03479866 and trial number NCT03479866.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Asnicar
- Department Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Emily R Leeming
- Twins Research and Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eirini Dimidi
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Twins Research and Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Haya Al Khatib
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK,Zoe Global, London, UK
| | - Ana M Valdes
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel Gibson
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Timothy D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Watanabe D, Murakami H, Ohno H, Tanisawa K, Konishi K, Todoroki-Mori K, Tsunematsu Y, Sato M, Ogata Y, Miyoshi N, Kubota N, Kunisawa J, Wakabayashi K, Kubota T, Watanabe K, Miyachi M. Stool pattern is associated with not only the prevalence of tumorigenic bacteria isolated from fecal matter but also plasma and fecal fatty acids in healthy Japanese adults. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:196. [PMID: 34182940 PMCID: PMC8240356 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli containing polyketide synthase (pks+ E. coli) has been shown to be involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development through gut microbiota analysis in animal models. Stool status has been associated with potentially adverse gut microbiome profiles from fecal analysis in adults. We examined the association between stool patterns and the prevalence of pks+ E. coli isolated from microbiota in fecal samples of 224 healthy Japanese individuals. RESULTS Stool patterns were determined through factorial analysis using a previously validated questionnaire that included stool frequency, volume, color, shape, and odor. Factor scores were classified into tertiles. The prevalence of pks+ E. coli was determined by using specific primers for pks+ E. coli in fecal samples. Plasma and fecal fatty acids were measured via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The prevalence of pks+ E. coli was 26.8%. Three stool patterns identified by factorial analysis accounted for 70.1% of all patterns seen (factor 1: lower frequency, darker color, and harder shape; factor 2: higher volume and softer shape; and factor 3: darker color and stronger odor). Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the prevalence of pks+ E. coli for the highest versus the lowest third of the factor 1 score was 3.16 (1.38 to 7.24; P for trend = 0.006). This stool pattern exhibited a significant positive correlation with fecal isobutyrate, isovalerate, valerate, and hexanoate but showed a significant negative correlation with plasma eicosenoic acid and α-linoleic acid, as well as fecal propionate and succinate. No other stool patterns were significant. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that stool patterns may be useful in the evaluation of the presence of tumorigenic bacteria and fecal fatty acids through self-monitoring of stool status without the requirement for specialist technology or skill. Furthermore, it may provide valuable insight about effective strategies for the early discovery of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Watanabe
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Haruka Murakami
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Harumi Ohno
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Kana Konishi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Kikue Todoroki-Mori
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsunematsu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuji Ogata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.,Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kanagawa, 243-0435, Japan.,Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute for Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo, 103-0002, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan. .,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
de Vries HJ, Kleibusch E, Hermes GDA, van den Brink P, Plugge CM. Biofouling control: the impact of biofilm dispersal and membrane flushing. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 198:117163. [PMID: 33951583 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pure culture studies have shown that biofilm dispersal can be triggered if the nutrient supply is discontinued by stopping the flow. Stimulating biofilm dispersal in this manner would provide a sustainable manner to control unwanted biofilm growth in industrial settings, for instance on synthetic membranes used to purify water. The response of multispecies biofilms to nutrient limitation has not been thoroughly studied. To assess biomass dispersal during nutrient limitation it is common practise to flush the biofilm after a stop-period. Hence, flow-stop-induced biomass removal could occur as a response to nutrient limitation followed by mechanical removal due to biofilm flushing (e.g. biofilm detachment). Here, we investigated the feasibility to reduce membrane biofouling by stopping the flow and flushing the membrane. Using a membrane fouling simulator, biomass removal from synthetic membranes after different stop-periods was determined, as well as biomass removal at different cross flow velocities. Biomass removal from membrane surfaces depended on the nutrient limiting period and on the flow velocity during the biofilm flush. When flushed at a low flow velocity (0.1 m.s-1), the duration of the stop-period had a large effect on the biomass removal rate, but when the flow velocity was increased to 0.2 m.s-1, the length of the stop period became less considerable. The flow velocity during membrane flushing has an effect on the bacterial community that colonized the membranes afterwards. Repetition of the stop-period and biofilm flushing after three repetitive biofouling cycles led to a stable bacterial community. The increase in bacterial community stability coincided with a decrease in cleaning effectivity to restore membrane performance. This shows that membrane cleaning comes at the costs of a more stable bacterial community that is increasingly difficult to remove.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik J de Vries
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Kleibusch
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerben D A Hermes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula van den Brink
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline M Plugge
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lee W, Hayakawa T, Kurihara Y, Hanzawa M, Sawada A, Kaneko A, Morimitsu Y, Natsume T, Aisu S, Ito T, Honda T, Hanya G. Stomach and colonic microbiome of wild Japanese macaques. Am J Primatol 2021; 83:e23242. [PMID: 33566369 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Within the gastrointestinal tract, the physiochemical microenvironments are highly diversified among the different stages of food digestion. Accordingly, gut microbiome composition and function vary at different gut sites. In this study, we examine and compare the compositional and functional potential between the stomach and colonic microbiome of wild Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui) living in the evergreen forest of Yakushima Island. We find a significantly lower microbial diversity in the stomach than in the colon, possibly due to the stomach's acidic and aerobic environment, which is suboptimal for microbial survival. According to past studies, the microbial taxa enriched in the stomach are aero- and acid-tolerant. By functional prediction through PICRUSt2, we reveal that the stomach microbiome is more enriched in pathways relating to the metabolism of simple sugars. On the contrary, the colonic microbiota is more enriched with fiber-degrading microbes, such as those from Lachnospiracea, Ruminococcaceae, and Prevotella. Our study shows a clear difference in the microbiome between the stomach and colon of Japanese macaques in both composition and function. This study provides a preliminary look at the alpha diversity and taxonomic composition within the stomach microbiome of Japanese macaques, a hindgut-fermenting nonhuman primate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanyi Lee
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kurihara
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.,Center for Education and Research in Field Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Maho Hanzawa
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Sawada
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.,Academy of Emerging Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihisa Kaneko
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Morimitsu
- Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Seitaro Aisu
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ito
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takeaki Honda
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Goro Hanya
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|