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Cai J, Tao Y, Xing L, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhu Z, Zhang W. Studying Antifatigue Mechanism of Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro in Exercise Mice Using Label-Free Proteomics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2178-2192. [PMID: 38259150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In our previous study, yeast-derived peptide Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro (YPLP) was found to prolong treadmill time and relieve muscle fatigue in ICR mice. The present study aimed to further investigate the antifatigue mechanism of YPLP. Three doses of YPLP (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg·d) were given to exercise mice for 4 weeks. Results showed that YPLP reduced the oxidative response via the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and promoted energy metabolism through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Label-free proteomics results showed that 81 differential abundance proteins (DAPs) were regulated by high-dose YPLP. These DAPs belonged to proteasome, mitochondrial, and muscle proteins. YPLP was mainly involved in proteasome, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, focal adhesion, and MAPK signal pathways to enhance muscle endurance. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting results proved that YPLP upregulated Psmd14 expression and downregulated p38 MAPK expression. Overall, this study revealed the mechanism behind YPLP to alleviate exercise fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Lujuan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Zixu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Wangang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Li N, Kobayashi S. Paxillin participates in the sphingosylphosphorylcholine-induced abnormal contraction of vascular smooth muscle by regulating Rho-kinase activation. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:58. [PMID: 38254202 PMCID: PMC10801962 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01404-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ca2+-independent contraction of vascular smooth muscle is a leading cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular spasms. In the previous study, we demonstrated the involvement of Src family protein tyrosine kinase Fyn and Rho-kinase in the sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC)-induced abnormal and Ca2+-independent contraction of vascular smooth muscle, but the specific mechanism has not been completely clarified. METHODS Paxillin knockdown human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) and smooth muscle-specific paxillin knockout mice were generated by using paxillin shRNA and the tamoxifen-inducible Cre-LoxP system, respectively. CASMCs contraction was observed by time-lapse recording. The vessel contractility was measured by using a myography assay. Fyn, Rho-kinase, and myosin light chain activation were assessed by immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The paxillin expression and actin stress fibers were visualized by histological analysis and immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS The SPC-induced abnormal contraction was inhibited in paxillin knockdown CASMCs and arteries of paxillin knockout mice, indicating that paxillin is involved in this abnormal contraction. Further study showed that paxillin knockdown inhibited the SPC-induced Rho-kinase activation without affecting Fyn activation. In addition, paxillin knockdown significantly inhibited the SPC-induced actin stress fiber formation and myosin light chain phosphorylation. These results suggest that paxillin, as an upstream molecule of Rho-kinase, is involved in the SPC-induced abnormal contraction of vascular smooth muscle. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that paxillin participates in the SPC-induced abnormal vascular smooth muscle contraction by regulating Rho-kinase activation. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan.
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Sei Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan.
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3
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Maher S, Bayachou M, Fu P, Hijaz A, Liu G. Focal adhesion kinase activation is involved in contractile stimulation-induced detrusor muscle contraction in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 952:175807. [PMID: 37236435 PMCID: PMC10330804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggested smooth muscle contraction may involve mechanisms besides the myosin regulatory light chain (MLC) phosphorylation-induced actomyosin crossbridge cycling. This study aims to determine if focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation is involved in mouse detrusor muscle contraction. The mouse detrusor muscle strips were preincubated with PF-573228 (2 μM), latrunculin B (1 μM), or the same volume of vehicle (DMSO) for 30 min. The contractile responses to KCl (90 mM), electrical field stimulation (EFS, 2-32 Hz), or carbachol (CCh, 10-7.5-10-4.5 M) were measured. In a separate experiment, the phosphorylated FAK (p-FAK) and MLC (p-MLC) levels were measured in the detrusor strips stimulated with CCh (10 μM) after incubation with PF-573228 or vehicle (DMSO) compared to those with vehicle incubation but without CCh stimulation. KCl-induced contractile responses decreased significantly after incubation with PF-573228 or latrunculin B compared to the corresponding vehicle-treated strips (p < 0.0001). The contractile responses induced by EFS were markedly inhibited by preincubation with PF-573228 at 8, 16, and 32 Hz (p < 0.05) or latrunculin B at 16 and 32 Hz (p < 0.01). Following the application of PF-573228 or Latrunculin B, CCh-induced dose-response contractions were lower than the corresponding vehicle group (p = 0.0021 and 0.0003, respectively). Western blot examination showed that CCh stimulation enhanced the expression of p-FAK and p-MLC, while preincubation with PF-573228 prevented the increase of p-FAK but not p-MLC. In conclusion, FAK activation involves tension development induced by contractile stimulation in the mouse detrusor muscle. This effect is likely caused by promoting actin polymerization rather than elevating MLC phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Maher
- Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mekki Bayachou
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Adonis Hijaz
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Guiming Liu
- Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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4
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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Liu X, Gaihre B, Li L, Rezaei A, Tilton M, Elder BD, Lu L. Bioorthogonal "Click Chemistry" Bone Cement with Bioinspired Natural Mimicking Microstructures for Bone Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1585-1597. [PMID: 36854041 PMCID: PMC10123962 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Current bone cement systems often demand free radical or metal-related initiators and/or catalysts for the crosslinking process, which may cause serious toxicity to the human body. In addition, the resultant dense scaffolds may have a prolonged degradation time and are difficult for cells to infiltrate and form new tissue. In this study, we developed a porous "click" organic-inorganic nanohybrid (PO-click-ON) cement that crosslinks via metal-free biorthogonal click chemistry and forms porous structures mimicking the native bone tissue via particulate leaching. Strain-promoted click reaction enables fast and efficient crosslinking of polymer chains with the exclusion of any toxic initiator or catalyst. The resulting PO-click-ON implants supported exceptional in vitro stem cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation with a large portion of stem cells infiltrated deep into the scaffolds. In vivo study using a rat cranial defect model demonstrated that the PO-click-ON system achieved outstanding cell adsorption, neovascularization, and bone formation. The porous click cement developed in this study serves as a promising platform with multifunctionality for bone and other tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Linli Li
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Asghar Rezaei
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Maryam Tilton
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Benjamin D Elder
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
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Jurek B, Denk L, Schäfer N, Salehi MS, Pandamooz S, Haerteis S. Oxytocin accelerates tight junction formation and impairs cellular migration in 3D spheroids: evidence from Gapmer-induced exon skipping. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1000538. [PMID: 36263085 PMCID: PMC9574052 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) is a neuropeptide that has been associated with neurological diseases like autism, a strong regulating activity on anxiety and stress-related behavior, physiological effects during pregnancy and parenting, and various cellular effects in neoplastic tissue. In this study, we aimed to unravel the underlying mechanism that OXT employs to regulate cell-cell contacts, spheroid formation, and cellular migration in a 3D culture model of human MLS-402 cells. We have generated a labeled OXT receptor (OXTR) overexpressing cell line cultivated in spheroids that were treated with the OXTR agonists OXT, Atosiban, and Thr4-Gly7-oxytocin (TGOT); with or without a pre-treatment of antisense oligos (Gapmers) that induce exon skipping in the human OXTR gene. This exon skipping leads to the exclusion of exon 4 and therefore a receptor that lost its intracellular G-protein-binding domain. Sensitive digital PCR (dPCR) provided us with the means to differentiate between wild type and truncated OXTR in our cellular model. OXTR truncation differentially activated intracellular signaling cascades related to cell-cell attachment and proliferation like Akt, ERK1/2-RSK1/2, HSP27, STAT1/5, and CREB, as assessed by a Kinase Profiler Assay. Digital and transmission electron microscopy revealed increased tight junction formation and well-organized cellular protrusions into an enlarged extracellular space after OXT treatment, resulting in increased cellular survival. In summary, OXT decreases cellular migration but increases cell-cell contacts and therefore improves nutrient supply. These data reveal a novel cellular effect of OXT that might have implications for degenerating CNS diseases and tumor formation in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Jurek
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucia Denk
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Schäfer
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Experimental Orthopaedics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), Bio Park 1, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Saied Salehi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sareh Pandamooz
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Silke Haerteis
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7
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Hoffman LM, Jensen CC, Beckerle MC. Phosphorylation of the small heat shock protein HspB1 regulates cytoskeletal recruitment and cell motility. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar100. [PMID: 35767320 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-02-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The small heat shock protein HspB1, also known as Hsp25/27, is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone that responds to mechanical cues. Uniaxial cyclic stretch activates the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade and increases the phosphorylation of HspB1. Similar to the mechanosensitive cytoskeletal regulator zyxin, phospho-HspB1 is recruited to features of the stretch-stimulated actin cytoskeleton. To evaluate the role of HspB1 and its phosphoregulation in modulating cell function, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9-edited HspB1-null cells and determined they were altered in behaviors such as actin cytoskeletal remodeling, cell spreading, and cell motility. In our model system, expression of WT HspB1, but not nonphosphorylatable HspB1, rescued certain characteristics of the HspB1-null cells including the enhanced cell motility of HspB1-null cells and the deficient actin reinforcement of stretch-stimulated HspB1-null cells. The recruitment of HspB1 to high-tension structures in geometrically constrained cells, such as actin comet tails emanating from focal adhesions, also required a phosphorylatable HspB1. We show that mechanical signals activate posttranslational regulation of the molecular chaperone, HspB1, and are required for normal cell behaviors including actin cytoskeletal remodeling, cell spreading, and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Hoffman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | | | - Mary C Beckerle
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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Liu X, Camilleri ET, Li L, Gaihre B, Rezaei A, Park S, Miller Ii AL, Tilton M, Waletzki BE, Terzic A, Elder BD, Yaszemski MJ, Lu L. Injectable catalyst-free "click" organic-inorganic nanohybrid (click-ON) cement for minimally invasive in vivo bone repair. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121014. [PMID: 34280821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Injectable polymers have attracted intensive attention in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. Current injectable polymer systems often require free-radical or heavy-metal initiators and catalysts for the crosslinking process, which may be extremely toxic to the human body. Here, we report a novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) based strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) "click" organic-inorganic nanohybrids (click-ON) system that can be click-crosslinked without any toxic initiators or catalysts. The click-ON scaffolds supported excellent adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenesis of stem cells. In vivo evaluation using a rat cranial defect model showed outstanding bone formation with minimum cytotoxicity. Essential osteogenic alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and vascular CD31 marker expression were detected on the defect site, indicating excellent support of in vivo osteogenesis and vascularization. Using salt leaching techniques, an injectable porous click-ON cement was developed to create porous structures and support better in vivo bone regeneration. Beyond defect filling, the click-ON cement also showed promising application for spinal fusion using rabbits as a model. Compared to the current clinically used poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) cement, this click-ON cement showed great advantages of low heat generation, better biocompatibility and biodegradability, and thus has great potential for bone and related tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Emily T Camilleri
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Linli Li
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Asghar Rezaei
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Sungjo Park
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - A Lee Miller Ii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Maryam Tilton
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Brian E Waletzki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Andre Terzic
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Benjamin D Elder
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Michael J Yaszemski
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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Mfge8 attenuates human gastric antrum smooth muscle contractions. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 42:219-231. [PMID: 34085177 PMCID: PMC8332633 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09604-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Coordinated gastric smooth muscle contraction is critical for proper digestion and is adversely affected by a number of gastric motility disorders. In this study we report that the secreted protein Mfge8 (milk fat globule-EGF factor 8) inhibits the contractile responses of human gastric antrum muscles to cholinergic stimuli by reducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of the MYPT1 (myosin phosphatase-targeting subunit (1) subunit of MLCP (myosin light chain phosphatase), resulting in reduced LC20 (smooth muscle myosin regulatory light chain (2) phosphorylation. Mfge8 reduced the agonist-induced increase in the F-actin/G-actin ratios of β-actin and γ-actin1. We show that endogenous Mfge8 is bound to its receptor, α8β1 integrin, in human gastric antrum muscles, suggesting that human gastric antrum muscle mechanical responses are regulated by Mfge8. The regulation of gastric antrum smooth muscles by Mfge8 and α8 integrin functions as a brake on gastric antrum mechanical activities. Further studies of the role of Mfge8 and α8 integrin in regulating gastric antrum function will likely reveal additional novel aspects of gastric smooth muscle motility mechanisms.
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10
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Chetty A, Nielsen HC. Targeting Airway Smooth Muscle Hypertrophy in Asthma: An Approach Whose Time Has Come. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:539-556. [PMID: 34079293 PMCID: PMC8164696 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s280247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell dysfunction is an important component of several obstructive pulmonary diseases, particularly asthma. External stimuli such as allergens, dust, air pollutants, and change in environmental temperatures provoke ASM cell hypertrophy, proliferation, and migration without adequate mechanistic controls. ASM cells can switch between quiescent, migratory, and proliferative phenotypes in response to extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors, and other soluble mediators. While some aspects of airway hypertrophy and remodeling could have beneficial effects, in many cases these contribute to a clinical phenotype of difficult to control asthma. In this review, we discuss the factors responsible for ASM hypertrophy and proliferation in asthma, focusing on cytokines, growth factors, and ion transporters, and discuss existing and potential approaches that specifically target ASM hypertrophy to reduce the ASM mass and improve asthma symptoms. The goal of this review is to highlight strategies that appear ready for translational investigations to improve asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Chetty
- Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Fu R, Huang Z, Li H, Zhu Y, Zhang H. A Hemidesmosome-to-Cytoplasm Translocation of Small Heat Shock Proteins Provides Immediate Protection against Heat Stress. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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12
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Alauddin M, Okumura T, Rajaxavier J, Khozooei S, Pöschel S, Takeda S, Singh Y, Brucker SY, Wallwiener D, Koch A, Salker MS. Gut Bacterial Metabolite Urolithin A Decreases Actin Polymerization and Migration in Cancer Cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900390. [PMID: 31976617 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Urolithin A (UA) is a gut-derived bacterial metabolite from ellagic acid found in pomegranates, berries, and nuts can downregulate cell proliferation and migration. Cell proliferation and cell motility require actin reorganization, which is under control of ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and p21 protein-activated kinase 1 (PAK1). The present study explores whether UA can modify actin cytoskeleton in cancer cells. METHODS The effect of UA on globular over filamentous actin ratio is determined utilizing Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Rac1 and PAK1 levels are measured by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting. As a result, a 24 h treatment with UA (20 µm) significantly decreased Rac1 and PAK1 transcript levels and activity, depolymerized actin and wound healing. The effect of UA on actin polymerization is mimicked by pharmacological inhibition of Rac1 and PAK1. The effect is also mirrored by knock down using siRNA. CONCLUSION UA leads to disruption of Rac1 and Pak1 activity with subsequent actin depolymerization and migration. Thus, use of dietary UA in cancer prevention or as adjuvant therapy is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Alauddin
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Toshiyuki Okumura
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Janet Rajaxavier
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Shayan Khozooei
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Simone Pöschel
- Image Stream Core Facility, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Sara Y Brucker
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Diethelm Wallwiener
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - André Koch
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Madhuri S Salker
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
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13
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Zhang Y, Wang F, Bao L, Li J, Shi Z, Wang J. Cyclic hydrostatic compress force regulates apoptosis of meniscus fibrochondrocytes via integrin α5β1. Physiol Res 2019; 68:639-649. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Meniscus is a semilunar fibrocartilaginous tissue, serving important roles in load buffering, stability, lubrication, proprioception, and nutrition of the knee joint. The degeneration and damage of meniscus has been proved to be a risk factor of knee osteoarthritis. Mechanical stimulus is a critical factor of the development, maintenance and repair of the meniscus fibrochondrocytes. However, the mechanism of the mechano-transduction process remains elusive. Here we reported that cyclic hydrostatic compress force (CHCF) treatment promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of the isolated primary meniscus fibrochondrocytes (PMFs), via upregulating the expression level of integrin α5β1. Consequently, increased phosphorylated-ERK1/2 and phosphorylated-PI3K, and decreased caspase-3 were detected. These effects of CHCF treatment can be abolished by integrin α5β1 inhibitor or specific siRNA transfection. These data indicate that CHCF regulates apoptosis of PMFs via integrin α5β1-FAK-PI3K/ERK pathway, which may be an important candidate approach during meniscus degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - J. Wang
- Department of orthopedic surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Dasbiswas K, Hu S, Schnorrer F, Safran SA, Bershadsky AD. Ordering of myosin II filaments driven by mechanical forces: experiments and theory. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0114. [PMID: 29632266 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myosin II filaments form ordered superstructures in both cross-striated muscle and non-muscle cells. In cross-striated muscle, myosin II (thick) filaments, actin (thin) filaments and elastic titin filaments comprise the stereotypical contractile units of muscles called sarcomeres. Linear chains of sarcomeres, called myofibrils, are aligned laterally in registry to form cross-striated muscle cells. The experimentally observed dependence of the registered organization of myofibrils on extracellular matrix elasticity has been proposed to arise from the interactions of sarcomeric contractile elements (considered as force dipoles) through the matrix. Non-muscle cells form small bipolar filaments built of less than 30 myosin II molecules. These filaments are associated in registry forming superstructures ('stacks') orthogonal to actin filament bundles. Formation of myosin II filament stacks requires the myosin II ATPase activity and function of the actin filament crosslinking, polymerizing and depolymerizing proteins. We propose that the myosin II filaments embedded into elastic, intervening actin network (IVN) function as force dipoles that interact attractively through the IVN. This is in analogy with the theoretical picture developed for myofibrils where the elastic medium is now the actin cytoskeleton itself. Myosin stack formation in non-muscle cells provides a novel mechanism for the self-organization of the actin cytoskeleton at the level of the entire cell.This article is part of the theme issue 'Self-organization in cell biology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal Dasbiswas
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Shiqiong Hu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Frank Schnorrer
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Samuel A Safran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alexander D Bershadsky
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore .,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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15
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Mahavadi S, Nalli AD, Wang H, Kendig DM, Crowe MS, Lyall V, Grider JR, Murthy KS. Regulation of gastric smooth muscle contraction via Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent actin polymerization. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209359. [PMID: 30571746 PMCID: PMC6301582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In gastrointestinal smooth muscle, acetylcholine induced muscle contraction is biphasic, initial peak followed by sustained contraction. Contraction is regulated by phosphorylation of 20 kDa myosin light chain (MLC) at Ser19, interaction of actin and myosin, and actin polymerization. The present study characterized the signaling mechanisms involved in actin polymerization during initial and sustained muscle contraction in response to muscarinic M3 receptor activation in gastric smooth muscle cells by targeting the effectors of initial (phospholipase C (PLC)-β/Ca2+ pathway) and sustained (RhoA/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Rho kinase pathway) contraction. The initial Ca2+ dependent contraction and actin polymerization is mediated by sequential activation of PLC-β1 via Gαq, IP3 formation, Ca2+ release and Ca2+ dependent phosphorylation of proline-rich-tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) at Tyr402. The sustained Ca2+ independent contraction and actin polymerization is mediated by activation of RhoA, and phosphorylation of FAK at Tyr397. Both phosphorylation of Pyk2 and FAK leads to phosphorylation of paxillin at Tyr118 and association of phosphorylated paxillin with the GEF proteins p21-activated kinase (PAK) interacting exchange factor α, β (α and β PIX) and DOCK 180. These GEF proteins stimulate Cdc42 leading to the activation of nucleation promoting factor N-WASP (neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein), which interacts with actin related protein complex 2/3 (Arp2/3) to induce actin polymerization and muscle contraction. Acetylcholine induced muscle contraction is inhibited by actin polymerization inhibitors. Thus, our results suggest that a novel mechanism for the regulation of smooth muscle contraction is mediated by actin polymerization in gastrointestinal smooth muscle which is independent of MLC20 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunila Mahavadi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ancy D. Nalli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Derek M. Kendig
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Molly S. Crowe
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Vijay Lyall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - John R. Grider
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Karnam S. Murthy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
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16
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Huang H, Sun Z, Hill MA, Meininger GA. A Calcium Mediated Mechanism Coordinating Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Adhesion During KCl Activation. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1810. [PMID: 30618822 PMCID: PMC6305448 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is intimately coupled to physical coupling of the cell to extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) by integrins. Integrin adhesion receptors are essential for normal vascular function and defective integrin signaling is associated with cardiovascular disease. However, less is known about the mechanism of integrin activation in VSMCs in relation to vasoregulation. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that the vasoconstrictor Angiotensin II increases VSMC stiffness in concert with enhanced adhesion to fibronectin (FN), indicating an important role for adhesion in contraction. However, the mechanism of this coordination remains to be clarified. In this study, intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was hypothesized to link integrin activation through inside-out signaling pathways leading to enhanced adhesion in response to AII. By using atomic force microscopy (AFM) with an anti-α5 antibody coated AFM probe, we confirmed that cell stiffness was increased by AII, while we observed no change in adhesion to an α5 integrin antibody. This indicated that increases in cell adhesion to FN induced by AII were occurring through an integrin activation process, as increased membrane integrin expression/receptor density would have been accompanied by increased adhesion to the anti-α5 antibody. Further studies were performed using either KCl or BAPTA-AM to modulate the level of [Ca2+]i. After KCl, VSMCs showed a rapid transient increase in cell stiffness as well as cell adhesion to FN, and these two events were synchronized with superimposed transient increases in the level of [Ca2+]i, which was measured using the Ca2+ indicator, fluo-4. These relationships were unaffected in VSMCs pretreated with the myosin light chain kinase inhibitor, ML-7. In contrast, unstimulated VSMCs incubated with an intracellular calcium chelator, BAPTA-AM, showed reduced cell adhesion to FN as well the expected decrease in [Ca2+]i. These data suggest that in VSMCs, integrin activation is linked to signaling events tied to levels of [Ca2+]i while being less dependent on events at the level of contractile protein activation. These findings provide additional evidence to support a role for adhesion in VSMC contraction and suggest that following cell contractile activation, that adhesion may be regulated in tandem with the contractile event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Huang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zhe Sun
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Gerald A Meininger
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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17
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Hocking KM, Evans BC, Komalavilas P, Cheung-Flynn J, Duvall CL, Brophy CM. Nanotechnology Enabled Modulation of Signaling Pathways Affects Physiologic Responses in Intact Vascular Tissue. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 25:416-426. [PMID: 30132374 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with vasospasm that is refractory to traditional vasodilators, and inhibition of vasospasm after SAH remains a large unmet clinical need. SAH causes changes in the phosphorylation state of the small heat shock proteins (HSPs), HSP20 and HSP27, in the vasospastic vessels. In this study, the levels of HSP27 and HSP20 were manipulated using nanotechnology to mimic the intracellular phenotype of SAH-induced vasospasm, and the effect of this manipulation was tested on vasomotor responses in intact tissues. This work provides insight into potential therapeutic targets for the development of more effective treatments for SAH induced vasospasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Hocking
- 1 Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brian C Evans
- 1 Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Padmini Komalavilas
- 1 Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,3 VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joyce Cheung-Flynn
- 1 Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Craig L Duvall
- 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Colleen M Brophy
- 1 Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,3 VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
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18
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Zhao S, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zheng L, Zhu B, Yao S, Yang L, Du J. Melatonin Protects Against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Dysfunction of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Through Inhibiting Reactive Oxygen Species Generation. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2018; 34:424-431. [PMID: 30271093 PMCID: PMC6160513 DOI: 10.6515/acs.201809_34(5).20180708a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induces oxidative stress and eventually leads to vascular injury. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effect of melatonin on HUVECs injured by H/R and explore the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A model of HUVECs under hypoxia/reoxygenation was established. Cell migration and adhesive ability was measured by wound healing and adhesion assays. Cell proliferation was measured by EdU assay. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated by CM-H2DCFDA staining. Actin cytoskeleton rearrangement was examined by immunofluorescence. Western blotting analysis were used to analyze P38 and HSP27 phosphorylation levels. RESULTS H/R inhibited HUVEC proliferation, cell migratory and adhesive capacities, whereas melatonin (1~100 μM) inhibited these effects in a dose-dependent manner. Melatonin alone did not affect HUVEC viability, however, it inhibited the increase in ROS production and cytoskeleton disruption elicited by H/R, and it dose-dependently prevented H/R-induced upregulation of P38 and HSP27 phosphorylation. In addition, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine markedly inhibited increased phosphorylation levels of P38 and HSP27 under H/R. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin may have a potential clinical effect in trials of H/R-induced vascular injury through its antioxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166
| | - Yueyuan Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166
| | | | | | | | | | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166
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19
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Copley Salem C, Ulrich C, Quilici D, Schlauch K, Buxton ILO, Burkin H. Mechanical strain induced phospho-proteomic signaling in uterine smooth muscle cells. J Biomech 2018; 73:99-107. [PMID: 29661501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical strain associated with the expanding uterus correlates with increased preterm birth rates. Mechanical signals result in a cascading network of protein phosphorylation events. These signals direct cellular activities and may lead to changes in contractile phenotype and calcium signaling. In this study, the complete phospho-proteome of uterine smooth muscle cells subjected to mechanical strain for 5 min was compared to un-strained controls. Statistically significant, differential phosphorylation events were annotated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to elucidate mechanically induced phosphorylation networks. Mechanical strain leads to the direct activation of ERK1/2, HSPB1, and MYL9, in addition to phosphorylation of PAK2, vimentin, DOCK1, PPP1R12A, and PTPN11 at previously unannotated sites. These results suggest a novel network reaction to mechanical strain and reveal proteins that participate in the activation of contractile mechanisms leading to preterm labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Copley Salem
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, United States
| | - Craig Ulrich
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, United States
| | - David Quilici
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Mick Hitchcock Proteomics Center, United States; University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, United States
| | - Karen Schlauch
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, United States
| | - Iain L O Buxton
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, United States
| | - Heather Burkin
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, United States.
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20
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Wang Y, Huang X, Leng D, Li J, Wang L, Liang Y, Wang J, Miao R, Jiang T. DNA methylation signatures of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:313-322. [PMID: 29473816 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00069.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a life-threatening disease, which is often underpinned by vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) are the main participants in vascular remodeling. However, their biological role in CTEPH is not entirely clear. In the present study, we analyzed the whole epigenome-wide DNA methylation profile of cultured PASMCs from CTEPH and control cell lines with the Illumina Human Methylation 450K BeadChip. A total of 6,829 significantly differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were detected between these two groups. Among these, 4,246 DMPs were hypermethylated, while 2,583 DMPs were hypomethylated. The functional enrichment analysis of 1,743 DMPs in the promoter regions and corresponding genes indicated that DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation might be involved in the regulation of genes that have multifarious biological roles, including roles in cancer-related diseases, the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and pattern specification processes. The observed methylations were categorized into the most important functions, including those involved in cell proliferation, immunity, and migration. We speculate that these methylations were most likely involved in the possible pathophysiology of CTEPH. Gene interaction analysis pertaining to signal networks confirmed that PIK3CA and PIK3R1 were important mediators in these whole networks. The mRNA levels of PIK3CA, HIC1, and SSH1 were verified by qPCR and corresponded with DNA methylation differences. Understanding epigenetic features associated with CTEPH may provide new insights into the mechanism that underlie this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Leng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Miao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
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21
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Wang Y, Rezey AC, Wang R, Tang DD. Role and regulation of Abelson tyrosine kinase in Crk-associated substrate/profilin-1 interaction and airway smooth muscle contraction. Respir Res 2018; 19:4. [PMID: 29304860 PMCID: PMC5756382 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway smooth muscle contraction is critical for maintenance of appropriate airway tone, and has been implicated in asthma pathogenesis. Smooth muscle contraction requires an "engine" (myosin activation) and a "transmission system" (actin cytoskeletal remodeling). However, the mechanisms that control actin remodeling in smooth muscle are not fully elucidated. The adapter protein Crk-associated substrate (CAS) regulates actin dynamics and the contraction in smooth muscle. In addition, profilin-1 (Pfn-1) and Abelson tyrosine kinase (c-Abl) are also involved in smooth muscle contraction. The interplays among CAS, Pfn-1 and c-Abl in smooth muscle have not been previously investigated. METHODS The association of CAS with Pfn-1 in mouse tracheal rings was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation. Tracheal rings from c-Abl conditional knockout mice were used to assess the roles of c-Abl in the protein-protein interaction and smooth muscle contraction. Decoy peptides were utilized to evaluate the importance of CAS/Pfn-1 coupling in smooth muscle contraction. RESULTS Stimulation with acetylcholine (ACh) increased the interaction of CAS with Pfn-1 in smooth muscle, which was regulated by CAS tyrosine phosphorylation and c-Abl. The CAS/Pfn-1 coupling was also modified by the phosphorylation of cortactin (a protein implicated in Pfn-1 activation). In addition, ACh activation promoted the spatial redistribution of CAS and Pfn-1 in smooth muscle cells, which was reduced by c-Abl knockdown. Inhibition of CAS/Pfn-1 interaction by a decoy peptide attenuated the ACh-induced actin polymerization and contraction without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation. Furthermore, treatment with the Src inhibitor PP2 and the actin polymerization inhibitor latrunculin A attenuated the ACh-induced c-Abl tyrosine phosphorylation (an indication of c-Abl activation). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a novel activation loop in airway smooth muscle: c-Abl promotes the CAS/Pfn-1 coupling and actin polymerization, which conversely facilitates c-Abl activation. The positive feedback may render c-Abl in active state after contractile stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinna Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Alyssa C Rezey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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22
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Zhuo Y, Choi JS, Marin T, Yu H, Harley BA, Cunningham BT. Quantitative analysis of focal adhesion dynamics using photonic resonator outcoupler microscopy (PROM). LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2018; 7:9. [PMID: 29963322 PMCID: PMC6020849 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesions are critical cell membrane components that regulate adhesion and migration and have cluster dimensions that correlate closely with adhesion engagement and migration speed. We utilized a label-free approach for dynamic, long-term, quantitative imaging of cell-surface interactions called photonic resonator outcoupler microscopy (PROM) in which membrane-associated protein aggregates outcoupled photons from the resonant evanescent field of a photonic crystal biosensor, resulting in a highly localized reduction of the reflected light intensity. By mapping the changes in the resonant reflected peak intensity from the biosensor surface, we demonstrate the ability of PROM to detect focal adhesion dimensions. Similar spatial distributions can be observed between PROM images and fluorescence-labeled images of focal adhesion areas in dental epithelial stem cells. In particular, we demonstrate that cell-surface contacts and focal adhesion formation can be imaged by two orthogonal label-free modalities in PROM simultaneously, providing a general-purpose tool for kinetic, high axial-resolution monitoring of cell interactions with basement membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhuo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Ji Sun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Thibault Marin
- Atkins Building, University of Illinois Research Park, 1800 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
| | - Hojeong Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Brendan A. Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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23
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Rigg RA, McCarty OJT, Aslan JE. Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) in the Regulation of Platelet Function. REGULATION OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN RESPONSES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74715-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Abstract
Smooth muscle contraction requires both myosin activation and actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Actin cytoskeletal reorganization facilitates smooth muscle contraction by promoting force transmission between the contractile unit and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and by enhancing intercellular mechanical transduction. Myosin may be viewed to serve as an "engine" for smooth muscle contraction whereas the actin cytoskeleton may function as a "transmission system" in smooth muscle. The actin cytoskeleton in smooth muscle also undergoes restructuring upon activation with growth factors or the ECM, which controls smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Abnormal smooth muscle contraction, cell proliferation, and motility contribute to the development of vascular and pulmonary diseases. A number of actin-regulatory proteins including protein kinases have been discovered to orchestrate actin dynamics in smooth muscle. In particular, Abelson tyrosine kinase (c-Abl) is an important molecule that controls actin dynamics, contraction, growth, and motility in smooth muscle. Moreover, c-Abl coordinates the regulation of blood pressure and contributes to the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness and vascular/airway remodeling in vivo. Thus, c-Abl may be a novel pharmacological target for the development of new therapy to treat smooth muscle diseases such as hypertension and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States.
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25
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Salter B, Pray C, Radford K, Martin JG, Nair P. Regulation of human airway smooth muscle cell migration and relevance to asthma. Respir Res 2017; 18:156. [PMID: 28814293 PMCID: PMC5559796 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0640-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodelling is an important feature of asthma pathogenesis. A key structural change inherent in airway remodelling is increased airway smooth muscle mass. There is emerging evidence to suggest that the migration of airway smooth muscle cells may contribute to cellular hyperplasia, and thus increased airway smooth muscle mass. The precise source of these cells remains unknown. Increased airway smooth muscle mass may be collectively due to airway infiltration of myofibroblasts, neighbouring airway smooth muscle cells in the bundle, or circulating hemopoietic progenitor cells. However, the relative contribution of each cell type is not well understood. In addition, although many studies have identified pro and anti-migratory agents of airway smooth muscle cells, whether these agents can impact airway remodelling in the context of human asthma, remains to be elucidated. As such, further research is required to determine the exact mechanism behind airway smooth muscle cell migration within the airways, how much this contributes to airway smooth muscle mass in asthma, and whether attenuating this migration may provide a therapeutic avenue for asthma. In this review article, we will discuss the current evidence with respect to the regulation of airway smooth muscle cell migration in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Salter
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
| | - Cara Pray
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
| | - Katherine Radford
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
| | - James G. Martin
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
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Hoffman L, Jensen CC, Yoshigi M, Beckerle M. Mechanical signals activate p38 MAPK pathway-dependent reinforcement of actin via mechanosensitive HspB1. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:2661-2675. [PMID: 28768826 PMCID: PMC5620374 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-02-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical force induces protein phosphorylations, subcellular redistributions, and actin remodeling. We show that mechanical activation of the p38 MAPK pathway leads to phosphorylation of HspB1 (hsp25/27), which redistributes to cytoskeletal structures, and contributes to the actin cytoskeletal remodeling induced by mechanical stimulation. Despite the importance of a cell’s ability to sense and respond to mechanical force, the molecular mechanisms by which physical cues are converted to cell-instructive chemical information to influence cell behaviors remain to be elucidated. Exposure of cultured fibroblasts to uniaxial cyclic stretch results in an actin stress fiber reinforcement response that stabilizes the actin cytoskeleton. p38 MAPK signaling is activated in response to stretch, and inhibition of p38 MAPK abrogates stretch-induced cytoskeletal reorganization. Here we show that the small heat shock protein HspB1 (hsp25/27) is phosphorylated in stretch-stimulated mouse fibroblasts via a p38 MAPK-dependent mechanism. Phosphorylated HspB1 is recruited to the actin cytoskeleton, displaying prominent accumulation on actin “comet tails” that emanate from focal adhesions in stretch-stimulated cells. Site-directed mutagenesis to block HspB1 phosphorylation inhibits the protein’s cytoskeletal recruitment in response to mechanical stimulation. HspB1-null cells, generated by CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease genome editing, display an abrogated stretch-stimulated actin reinforcement response and increased cell migration. HspB1 is recruited to sites of increased traction force in cells geometrically constrained on micropatterned substrates. Our findings elucidate a molecular pathway by which a mechanical signal is transduced via activation of p38 MAPK to influence actin remodeling and cell migration via a zyxin-independent process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hoffman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | | | - Masaaki Yoshigi
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Mary Beckerle
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 .,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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27
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Ruiz M, Coderre L, Allen BG, Des Rosiers C. Protecting the heart through MK2 modulation, toward a role in diabetic cardiomyopathy and lipid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:1914-1922. [PMID: 28735097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Various signaling pathways have been identified in the heart as important players during development, physiological adaptation or pathological processes. This includes the MAPK families, particularly p38MAPK, which is involved in several key cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, metabolism and survival. Disrupted p38MAPK signaling has been associated with several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as well as diabetes and its related complications. Despite efforts to translate this knowledge into therapeutic avenues, p38 inhibitors have failed in clinical trials due to adverse effects. Inhibition of MK2, a downstream target of p38, appears to be a promising alternative strategy. Targeting MK2 activity may avoid the adverse effects linked to p38 inhibition, while maintaining its beneficial effects. MK2 was first considered as a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid polyarthritis. A growing body of evidence now supports a key role of MK2 signaling in the pathogenesis of CVD, particularly ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertrophy, and hypertension and that its inhibition or inactivation is associated with improved heart and vascular functions. More recently, MK2 was shown to be a potential player in diabetes and related complications, particularly in liver and heart, and perturbations in calcium handling and lipid metabolism. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the role of MK2 in p38MAPK-mediated signaling and the benefits of its loss of function in CVD and diabetes, with an emphasis on the roles of MK2 in calcium handling and lipid metabolism. This article is part of a Special issue entitled Cardiac adaptations to obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance, edited by Professors Jan F.C. Glatz, Jason R.B. Dyck and Christine Des Rosiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lise Coderre
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruce Gordon Allen
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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28
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Shi WL, Zhang T, Zhou JR, Huang YH, Jiang CL. Rapid permissive action of dexamethasone on the regulation of blood pressure in a rat model of septic shock. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1119-1125. [PMID: 27780141 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) play a vital role in the regulation of blood pressure by their permissive effects in potentiating vasoactive responses to catecholamines through glucocorticoid receptors. GCs achieve this function by controlling vascular smooth muscle tone. Clinically, low to moderate doses of GCs are generally used in the treatment of septic shock in recent years. GCs are now known to have both genomic and non-genomic effects. While genomic effects of GCs were well studied, few non-genomic effects were reported, much less the non-genomic mechanisms. One of the most important characters of their non-genomic effects is short latency. The aim of this study was to determine whether GCs can rapidly regulate blood pressure by their permissive action on norepinephrine (NE). Adrenalectomized rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture to induce septic shock. The septic rats displayed a significant decrease in the blood pressure response to NE. Dexamethasone (DEX) rapidly restores this hyporeactivity to NE in adrenalectomized septic rats. Further studies showed that DEX potentiates the NE-induced shrinkage and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement of single cell from mesenteric arteries in a short time. These findings suggest that GCs probably exert their permissive actions on the pressure response to NE through rapid non-genomic mechanisms. In this article, we found that as an adjunctive therapy for septic shock, the use of GCs may involve a rapid permissive action, and non-genomic effects of GCs may be involved in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lei Shi
- Department of Neurology, General Army Hospital, Beijing 10070, China; Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050082, China; Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Naval Aviation Medicine, Second Military Medical University (SMMU), Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiang-Rui Zhou
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yong-Hua Huang
- Department of Neurology, General Army Hospital, Beijing 10070, China.
| | - Chun-Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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LeftyA decreases Actin Polymerization and Stiffness in Human Endometrial Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29370. [PMID: 27404958 PMCID: PMC4941646 DOI: 10.1038/srep29370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
LeftyA, a cytokine regulating stemness and embryonic differentiation, down-regulates cell proliferation and migration. Cell proliferation and motility require actin reorganization, which is under control of ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and p21 protein-activated kinase 1 (PAK1). The present study explored whether LeftyA modifies actin cytoskeleton, shape and stiffness of Ishikawa cells, a well differentiated endometrial carcinoma cell line. The effect of LeftyA on globular over filamentous actin ratio was determined utilizing Western blotting and flow cytometry. Rac1 and PAK1 transcript levels were measured by qRT-PCR as well as active Rac1 and PAK1 by immunoblotting. Cell stiffness (quantified by the elastic modulus), cell surface area and cell volume were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). As a result, 2 hours treatment with LeftyA (25 ng/ml) significantly decreased Rac1 and PAK1 transcript levels and activity, depolymerized actin, and decreased cell stiffness, surface area and volume. The effect of LeftyA on actin polymerization was mimicked by pharmacological inhibition of Rac1 and PAK1. In the presence of the Rac1 or PAK1 inhibitor LeftyA did not lead to significant further actin depolymerization. In conclusion, LeftyA leads to disruption of Rac1 and Pak1 activity with subsequent actin depolymerization, cell softening and cell shrinkage.
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30
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Huang D, Li X, Sun L, Huang P, Ying H, Wang H, Wu J, Song H. Regulation of Hippo signalling by p38 signalling. J Mol Cell Biol 2016; 8:328-37. [PMID: 27402810 PMCID: PMC4991669 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway has a crucial role in growth control during development, and its dysregulation contributes to tumorigenesis. Recent studies uncover multiple upstream regulatory inputs into Hippo signalling, which affects phosphorylation of the transcriptional coactivator Yki/YAP/TAZ by Wts/Lats. Here we identify the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway as a new upstream branch of the Hippo pathway. In Drosophila, overexpression of MAPKK gene licorne (lic), or MAPKKK gene Mekk1, promotes Yki activity and induces Hippo target gene expression. Loss-of-function studies show that lic regulates Hippo signalling in ovary follicle cells and in the wing disc. Epistasis analysis indicates that Mekk1 and lic affect Hippo signalling via p38b and wts. We further demonstrate that the Mekk1-Lic-p38b cascade inhibits Hippo signalling by promoting F-actin accumulation and Jub phosphorylation. In addition, p38 signalling modulates actin filaments and Hippo signalling in parallel to small GTPases Ras, Rac1, and Rho1. Lastly, we show that p38 signalling regulates Hippo signalling in mammalian cell lines. The Lic homologue MKK3 promotes nuclear localization of YAP via the actin cytoskeleton. Upregulation or downregulation of the p38 pathway regulates YAP-mediated transcription. Our work thus reveals a conserved crosstalk between the p38 MAPK pathway and the Hippo pathway in growth regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashun Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China, 96 Jin Zhai Road, Hefei 230031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, 37 Guang Qu Road, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiaojiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, 37 Guang Qu Road, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, 37 Guang Qu Road, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, 37 Guang Qu Road, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, 37 Guang Qu Road, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, 37 Guang Qu Road, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science & Technology of China, 96 Jin Zhai Road, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Haiyun Song
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, 37 Guang Qu Road, Beijing 100021, China
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31
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Miller B, Palygin O, Rufanova VA, Chong A, Lazar J, Jacob HJ, Mattson D, Roman RJ, Williams JM, Cowley AW, Geurts AM, Staruschenko A, Imig JD, Sorokin A. p66Shc regulates renal vascular tone in hypertension-induced nephropathy. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:2533-46. [PMID: 27270176 DOI: 10.1172/jci75079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal preglomerular arterioles regulate vascular tone to ensure a large pressure gradient over short distances, a function that is extremely important for maintaining renal microcirculation. Regulation of renal microvascular tone is impaired in salt-sensitive (SS) hypertension-induced nephropathy, but the molecular mechanisms contributing to this impairment remain elusive. Here, we assessed the contribution of the SH2 adaptor protein p66Shc (encoded by Shc1) in regulating renal vascular tone and the development of renal vascular dysfunction associated with hypertension-induced nephropathy. We generated a panel of mutant rat strains in which specific modifications of Shc1 were introduced into the Dahl SS rats. In SS rats, overexpression of p66Shc was linked to increased renal damage. Conversely, deletion of p66Shc from these rats restored the myogenic responsiveness of renal preglomerular arterioles ex vivo and promoted cellular contraction in primary vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that were isolated from renal vessels. In primary SMCs, p66Shc restricted the activation of transient receptor potential cation channels to attenuate cytosolic Ca2+ influx, implicating a mechanism by which overexpression of p66Shc impairs renal vascular reactivity. These results establish the adaptor protein p66Shc as a regulator of renal vascular tone and a driver of impaired renal vascular function in hypertension-induced nephropathy.
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MESH Headings
- Albumins/analysis
- Animals
- Arterioles/physiopathology
- Blood Pressure
- Calcium/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Hypertension, Renal/metabolism
- Hypertension, Renal/physiopathology
- Kidney/blood supply
- Kidney/physiopathology
- Kidney Glomerulus/metabolism
- Male
- Microcirculation
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Nephritis/metabolism
- Nephritis/physiopathology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred BN
- Rats, Inbred Dahl
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Rats, Transgenic
- Species Specificity
- Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
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32
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Mokrushin AA. Mystixin-7 mini-peptide protects ionotropic glutamatergic mechanisms against oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro. Neuropeptides 2016; 56:51-7. [PMID: 26526227 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the neuroprotective effects of the mystixin-7 mini-peptide (MTX, a synthetic corticotropin-releasing-factor-like, 7-amino-acid peptide) on an in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation model (OGD, 10min). The study used a technique of on-line monitoring of changes in α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic receptor (AMPAR) and N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR)-mediated field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in the olfactory cortex slices in the OGD model. OGD resulted in an irreversible blockade of both AMPAR and NMDAR activity. Pretreatment of slices by MTX and their subsequent exposure to OGD resulted in decreased activity of these postsynaptic mechanisms (AMPARs, 71%; NMDARs, 68% as compared to baseline), but they were not blocked altogether. The degree protection of activity of both AMPARs and NMDARs had dose-dependent manner, with a maximal effect at 100mg/mL. These protective effects were retained after the removal of MTX from the bathing medium. To evaluate the protective efficacy of MTX on NMDARs, the slices were pretreated by MTX and exposed to OGD and then treated with l-glutamate (1mM). NMDARs' response to application of l-glutamate was minimal at higher concentrations of MTX and maximal at lower concentrations. These findings indicate that the molecules of MTX interact with a certain amount of NMDARs, and thereby protect them from the OGD. Pretreatment of slices with MTX contributed to the protection of network activity against OGD and promoted the development of the learning process in the form of long-term potentiation. To specify the protective effects of MTX, it was denatured by trypsin. The proteolytic cleavage of MTX resulted to a significant decrease in the activity of both AMPARs and NMDARs against OGD as compared with that of the native peptide. Together, these findings provide further insight into the protective potential of the MTX mini-peptide. We believe that the data presented can be the basis for the development of therapeutics MTX-based medications for the treatment of the ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly A Mokrushin
- I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, 199034, nab. Makarova, 6, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
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33
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Tang DD. Critical role of actin-associated proteins in smooth muscle contraction, cell proliferation, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. Respir Res 2015; 16:134. [PMID: 26517982 PMCID: PMC4628321 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling, which are largely attributed to increased airway smooth muscle contractility and cell proliferation. It is known that both chemical and mechanical stimulation regulates smooth muscle contraction. Recent studies suggest that contractile activation and mechanical stretch induce actin cytoskeletal remodeling in smooth muscle. However, the mechanisms that control actin cytoskeletal reorganization are not completely elucidated. This review summarizes our current understanding regarding how actin-associated proteins may regulate remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton in airway smooth muscle. In particular, there is accumulating evidence to suggest that Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl) plays a critical role in regulating airway smooth muscle contraction and cell proliferation in vitro, and airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling in vivo. These studies indicate that Abl may be a novel target for the development of new therapy to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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34
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Shaifta Y, Irechukwu N, Prieto-Lloret J, MacKay CE, Marchon KA, Ward JPT, Knock GA. Divergent modulation of Rho-kinase and Ca(2+) influx pathways by Src family kinases and focal adhesion kinase in airway smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5265-80. [PMID: 26294392 PMCID: PMC4864488 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The importance of tyrosine kinases in airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Src‐family kinases (SrcFK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in GPCR‐mediated ASM contraction and associated signalling events. Experimental Approach Contraction was recorded in intact or α‐toxin permeabilized rat bronchioles. Phosphorylation of SrcFK, FAK, myosin light‐chain‐20 (MLC20) and myosin phosphatase targeting subunit‐1 (MYPT‐1) was evaluated in cultured human ASM cells (hASMC). [Ca2+]i was evaluated in Fura‐2 loaded hASMC. Responses to carbachol (CCh) and bradykinin (BK) and the contribution of SrcFK and FAK to these responses were determined. Key Results Contractile responses in intact bronchioles were inhibited by antagonists of SrcFK, FAK and Rho‐kinase, while after α‐toxin permeabilization, they were sensitive to inhibition of SrcFK and Rho‐kinase, but not FAK. CCh and BK increased phosphorylation of MYPT‐1 and MLC20 and auto‐phosphorylation of SrcFK and FAK. MYPT‐1 phosphorylation was sensitive to inhibition of Rho‐kinase and SrcFK, but not FAK. Contraction induced by SR Ca2+ depletion and equivalent [Ca2+]i responses in hASMC were sensitive to inhibition of both SrcFK and FAK, while depolarization‐induced contraction was sensitive to FAK inhibition only. SrcFK auto‐phosphorylation was partially FAK‐dependent, while FAK auto‐phosphorylation was SrcFK‐independent. Conclusions and Implications SrcFK mediates Ca2+‐sensitization in ASM, while SrcFK and FAK together and individually influence multiple Ca2+ influx pathways. Tyrosine phosphorylation is therefore a key upstream signalling event in ASM contraction and may be a viable target for modulating ASM tone in respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Shaifta
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nneka Irechukwu
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jesus Prieto-Lloret
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Charles E MacKay
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Keisha A Marchon
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jeremy P T Ward
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Greg A Knock
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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35
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Expression of heat shock protein 27 correlates with actin cytoskeletal dynamics and contractility of cultured human bladder smooth muscle cells. Exp Cell Res 2015; 338:39-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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36
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Colinas O, Moreno-Domínguez A, Zhu HL, Walsh EJ, Pérez-García MT, Walsh MP, Cole WC. α5-Integrin-mediated cellular signaling contributes to the myogenic response of cerebral resistance arteries. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 97:281-91. [PMID: 26278977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The myogenic response of resistance arterioles and small arteries involving constriction in response to intraluminal pressure elevation and dilation on pressure reduction is fundamental to local blood flow regulation in the microcirculation. Integrins have garnered considerable attention in the context of initiating the myogenic response, but evidence indicative of mechanotransduction by integrin adhesions, for example established changes in tyrosine phosphorylation of key adhesion proteins, has not been obtained to substantiate this interpretation. Here, we evaluated the role of integrin adhesions and associated cellular signaling in the rat cerebral arterial myogenic response using function-blocking antibodies against α5β1-integrins, pharmacological inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src family kinase (SFK), an ultra-high-sensitivity western blotting technique, site-specific phosphoprotein antibodies to quantify adhesion and contractile filament protein phosphorylation, and differential centrifugation to determine G-actin levels in rat cerebral arteries at varied intraluminal pressures. Pressure-dependent increases in the levels of phosphorylation of FAK (FAK-Y397, Y576/Y577), SFK (SFK-Y416; Y527 phosphorylation was reduced), vinculin-Y1065, paxillin-Y118 and phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C-γ1 (PLCγ1)-Y783 were detected. Treatment with α5-integrin function-blocking antibodies, FAK inhibitor FI-14 or SFK inhibitor SU6656 suppressed the changes in adhesion protein phosphorylation, and prevented pressure-dependent phosphorylation of the myosin targeting subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase (MYPT1) at T855 and 20kDa myosin regulatory light chains (LC20) at S19, as well as actin polymerization that are necessary for myogenic constriction. We conclude that mechanotransduction by integrin adhesions and subsequent cellular signaling play a fundamental role in the cerebral arterial myogenic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaia Colinas
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Alejandro Moreno-Domínguez
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Hai-Lei Zhu
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Emma J Walsh
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - M Teresa Pérez-García
- Department of Physiology, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Michael P Walsh
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - William C Cole
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Herman RM, Berho M, Murawski M, Nowakowski M, Ryś J, Schwarz T, Wojtysiak D, Wexner SD. Defining the histopathological changes induced by nonablative radiofrequency treatment of faecal incontinence--a blinded assessment in an animal model. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:433-40. [PMID: 25524045 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Nonablative radiofrequency (RF) sphincter remodelling has been used to treat gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and faecal incontinence (FI). Its mechanism of action is unclear. We aimed to investigate the histomorphological and pathophysiological changes to the internal and external anal sphincter (IAS and EAS) following RF remodelling. METHOD An experimental FI model was created in 12 female pigs: eight underwent RF 6 weeks following induction of FI (FI+RF) and four were untreated (UFI). Four animals served as controls (CG). Two blinded pathologists examined all haematoxylin and eosin and trichrome stained slides. RESULTS Compared with the UFI group, histological examination of the IAS in the FI+RF group demonstrated an increased smooth muscle (SM)/connective tissue ratio (77.2 vs 68.1%, P < 0.05) and increased collagen I compared with collagen III content (67.2 vs 54.9%, P < 0.001). The RF+FI group exhibited greater SM bundle thickness compared with the UFI group (SM width 486.93 vs 338.59 μm, P < 0.01; height 4384.4 vs 3321.0 μm, P < 0.05). The EAS of the FI+RF animals showed a significantly higher type I/II fibre ratio (33.5 vs 25.2%, P = 0.023) and fibre type I diameter (67.2 vs 59.7 μm, P < 0.001) compared with the UFI group. Post-RF manometry showed higher basal (18.8 vs 0 mmHg, P < 0.001) and squeeze (76.8 vs 12.4 mmHg, P < 0.05) anal pressures. After RF treatment, the number of interstitial cells of Cajal was significantly reduced compared with the UFI and CG groups [0.9 (FI+RF) vs 6.7 (UFI) vs 0.7 (CG) per mm(2) , P < 0.001]. CONCLUSION In an animal model nonablative RF appeared to induce morphological changes in the IAS and EAS leading to an anatomical state reminiscent of normal sphincter structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Herman
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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38
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Eddinger TJ. Smooth muscle-protein translocation and tissue function. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 297:1734-46. [PMID: 25125185 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle (SM) tissue is a complex organization of multiple cell types and is regulated by numerous signaling molecules (neurotransmitters, hormones, cytokines, etc.). SM contractile function can be regulated via expression and distribution of the contractile and cytoskeletal proteins, and activation of any of the second messenger pathways that regulate them. Spatial-temporal changes in the contractile, cytoskeletal or regulatory components of SM cells (SMCs) have been proposed to alter SM contractile activity. Ca(2+) sensitization/desensitization can occur as a result of changes at any of these levels, and specific pathways have been identified at all of these levels. Understanding when and how proteins can translocate within the cytoplasm, or to-and-from the plasmalemma and the cytoplasm to alter contractile activity is critical. Numerous studies have reported translocation of proteins associated with the adherens junction and G protein-coupled receptor activation pathways in isolated SMC systems. Specific examples of translocation of vinculin to and from the adherens junction and protein kinase C (PKC) and 17 kDa PKC-potentiated inhibitor of myosin light chain phosphatase (CPI-17) to and from the plasmalemma in isolated SMC systems but not in intact SM tissues are discussed. Using both isolated SMC systems and SM tissues in parallel to pursue these studies will advance our understanding of both the role and mechanism of these pathways as well as their possible significance for Ca(2+) sensitization in intact SM tissues and organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Eddinger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Crosas-Molist E, Meirelles T, López-Luque J, Serra-Peinado C, Selva J, Caja L, Gorbenko Del Blanco D, Uriarte JJ, Bertran E, Mendizábal Y, Hernández V, García-Calero C, Busnadiego O, Condom E, Toral D, Castellà M, Forteza A, Navajas D, Sarri E, Rodríguez-Pascual F, Dietz HC, Fabregat I, Egea G. Vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic changes in patients with Marfan syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:960-72. [PMID: 25593132 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Marfan's syndrome is characterized by the formation of ascending aortic aneurysms resulting from altered assembly of extracellular matrix microfibrils and chronic tissue growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. TGF-β is a potent regulator of the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype. We hypothesized that as a result of the chronic TGF-β signaling, VSMC would alter their basal differentiation phenotype, which could facilitate the formation of aneurysms. This study explores whether Marfan's syndrome entails phenotypic alterations of VSMC and possible mechanisms at the subcellular level. APPROACH AND RESULTS Immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses of dilated aortas from Marfan patients showed overexpression of contractile protein markers (α-smooth muscle actin, smoothelin, smooth muscle protein 22 alpha, and calponin-1) and collagen I in comparison with healthy aortas. VSMC explanted from Marfan aortic aneurysms showed increased in vitro expression of these phenotypic markers and also of myocardin, a transcription factor essential for VSMC-specific differentiation. These alterations were generally reduced after pharmacological inhibition of the TGF-β pathway. Marfan VSMC in culture showed more robust actin stress fibers and enhanced RhoA-GTP levels, which was accompanied by increased focal adhesion components and higher nuclear localization of myosin-related transcription factor A. Marfan VSMC and extracellular matrix measured by atomic force microscopy were both stiffer than their respective controls. CONCLUSIONS In Marfan VSMC, both in tissue and in culture, there are variable TGF-β-dependent phenotypic changes affecting contractile proteins and collagen I, leading to greater cellular and extracellular matrix stiffness. Altogether, these alterations may contribute to the known aortic rigidity that precedes or accompanies Marfan's syndrome aneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Crosas-Molist
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Thayna Meirelles
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Judit López-Luque
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Carla Serra-Peinado
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Javier Selva
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Laia Caja
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Darya Gorbenko Del Blanco
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Juan José Uriarte
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Esther Bertran
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Yolanda Mendizábal
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Vanessa Hernández
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Carolina García-Calero
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Oscar Busnadiego
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Enric Condom
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - David Toral
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Manel Castellà
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Alberto Forteza
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Daniel Navajas
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Elisabet Sarri
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Pascual
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Harry C Dietz
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Isabel Fabregat
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.)
| | - Gustavo Egea
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neurosciences (E.C.-M., T.M., C.S.-P, J.S., D.G, Y.M., V.H., E.S., G.E.), Departments of Physiological Sciences I (J.J.U., D.N.) and Physiological Sciences II (I.F.), Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (E.C.), University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (M.C., G.E.); Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain (G.E.); Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.N.); Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil (T.M.); Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.-M., J.L.-L. L.C., E.B., I.F.); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (O.B., F.R.-P.); Hospital de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (C.G.-C., E.C., D.T.); Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.); Cardiac Surgery Department, Marfan Syndrome Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain (A.F.); and William S. Smilow Center for Marfan Syndrome Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (H.C.D.).
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Wang T, Wang R, Cleary RA, Gannon OJ, Tang DD. Recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin is necessary for smooth muscle contraction. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8913-24. [PMID: 25713069 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.621003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Catenin is a key component that connects transmembrane cadherin with the actin cytoskeleton at the cell-cell interface. However, the role of the β-catenin/cadherin interaction in smooth muscle has not been well characterized. Here stimulation with acetylcholine promoted the recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin in smooth muscle cells/tissues. Knockdown of β-catenin by lentivirus-mediated shRNA attenuated smooth muscle contraction. Nevertheless, myosin light chain phosphorylation at Ser-19 and actin polymerization in response to contractile activation were not reduced by β-catenin knockdown. In addition, the expression of the β-catenin armadillo domain disrupted the recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin. Force development, but not myosin light chain phosphorylation and actin polymerization, was reduced by the expression of the β-catenin armadillo domain. Furthermore, actin polymerization and microtubules have been implicated in intracellular trafficking. In this study, the treatment with the inhibitor latrunculin A diminished the interaction of β-catenin with N-cadherin in smooth muscle. In contrast, the exposure of smooth muscle to the microtubule depolymerizer nocodazole did not affect the protein-protein interaction. Together, these findings suggest that smooth muscle contraction is mediated by the recruitment of β-catenin to N-cadherin, which may facilitate intercellular mechanotransduction. The association of β-catenin with N-cadherin is regulated by actin polymerization during contractile activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Ruping Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Rachel A Cleary
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Dale D Tang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
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Wang T, Cleary RA, Wang R, Tang DD. Glia maturation factor-γ phosphorylation at Tyr-104 regulates actin dynamics and contraction in human airway smooth muscle. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 51:652-9. [PMID: 24818551 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0125oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin dynamics plays an essential role in regulating airway smooth muscle contraction. The mechanisms that regulate actin dynamics in smooth muscle are not completely understood. Glia maturation factor (GMF) is a protein that has been reported to inhibit actin nucleation and to induce actin network debranching in vitro. The role of GMF in human smooth muscle cells and tissues has not been investigated. In this study, knockdown of GMF-γ by RNA interference enhanced actin polymerization and contraction in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells and tissues without affecting myosin phosphorylation (another important biochemical change during contractile activation). Activation of HASM cells and tissues with acetylcholine induced dissociation of GMF-γ from Arp2 of the Arp2/3 complex. Acetylcholine stimulation also increased GMF-γ phosphorylation at Tyr-104. GMF-γ phosphorylation at this residue was mediated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase. The GMF-γ mutant Y104F (phenylalanine substitution at Tyr-104) had higher association with Arp2 in HASM cells upon contractile activation. Furthermore, expression of mutant Y104F GMF-γ attenuated actin polymerization and contraction in smooth muscle. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism for the regulation of actin dynamics and smooth muscle contraction. In unstimulated smooth muscle, GMF-γ binds to the Arp2/3 complex, which induces actin disassembly and retains lower levels of F-actin. Upon contractile stimulation, phosphorylation at Tyr-104 mediated by c-Abl tyrosine kinase leads to the dissociation of GMF-γ from Arp2/3, by which GMF-γ no longer induces actin disassembly. Reduced actin disassembly renders F-actin in higher level, which facilitates smooth muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
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Ohanian J, Pieri M, Ohanian V. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases and the actin cytoskeleton in contractile vascular smooth muscle. J Physiol 2014; 593:3807-14. [PMID: 25433074 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.284174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells within the walls of arteries is regulated by mechanical stresses and vasoactive signals. Transduction of these diverse stimuli into a cellular response occurs through many different mechanisms, one being reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton. In addition to a structural role in maintaining cellular architecture it is now clear that the actin cytoskeleton of contractile vascular smooth muscle cells is a dynamic structure reacting to changes in the cellular environment. Equally clear is that disrupting the cytoskeleton or interfering with its rearrangement, has profound effects on artery contractility. The actin cytoskeleton associates with dense plaques, also called focal adhesions, at the plasma membrane of smooth muscle cells. Vasoconstrictors and mechanical stress induce remodelling of the focal adhesions, concomitant with cytoskeletal reorganisation. Recent work has shown that non-receptor tyrosine kinases and tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion proteins such as paxillin and Hic-5 are important for actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion remodelling and contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ohanian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Pieri
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Vasken Ohanian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Services Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Fediuk J, Sikarwar AS, Nolette N, Dakshinamurti S. Thromboxane-induced actin polymerization in hypoxic neonatal pulmonary arterial myocytes involves Cdc42 signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L877-87. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00036.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In hypoxic pulmonary arterial (PA) myocytes, challenge with thromboxane mimetic U46619 induces marked actin polymerization and contraction, phenotypic features of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Rho GTPases regulate the actin cytoskeleton. We previously reported that U46619-induced actin polymerization in hypoxic PA myocytes occurs independently of the RhoA pathway and hypothesized involvement of the Cdc42 pathway. PA myocytes grown in normoxia or hypoxia for 72 h were stimulated with U46619, then analyzed for Rac/Cdc42 activation by affinity precipitation, phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) activity by phospho-Akt, phospho-p21-activated kinase (PAK) by immunoblot, and association of Cdc42 with neuronal Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome protein (N-WASp) by immunoprecipitation. The effect of Rac or PAK inhibition on filamentous actin was quantified by laser-scanning cytometry and by cytoskeletal fractionation; effects of actin-modifying agents were measured by isometric myography. Basal Cdc42 activity increased in hypoxia, whereas Rac activity decreased. U46619 challenge increased Cdc42 and Rac activity in hypoxic cells, independently of PI3K. Hypoxia increased phospho-PAK, unaltered by U46619. Association of Cdc42 with N-WASp decreased in hypoxia but increased after U46619 exposure. Hypoxia doubled filamentous-to-globular ratios of α- and γ-actin isoforms. Jasplakinolide stabilized γ-filaments, increasing force; cytochalasin D depolymerized all actin isoforms, decreasing force. Rac and PAK inhibition decreased filamentous actin in tissues although without decrease in force. Rho inhibition decreased myosin phosphorylation and force. Hypoxia induces actin polymerization in PA myocytes, particularly increasing filamentous α- and γ-actin, contributing to U46619-induced contraction. Hypoxic PA myocytes challenged with a thromboxane mimetic polymerize actin via the Cdc42 pathway, reflecting increased Cdc42 association with N-WASp. Mechanisms regulating thromboxane-mediated actin polymerization are potential targets for future PPHN pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Fediuk
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Anurag S. Sikarwar
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nora Nolette
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Kunit T, Gratzke C, Schreiber A, Strittmatter F, Waidelich R, Rutz B, Loidl W, Andersson KE, Stief CG, Hennenberg M. Inhibition of smooth muscle force generation by focal adhesion kinase inhibitors in the hyperplastic human prostate. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F823-32. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00011.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle contraction may be critical for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia and requires stable anchorage of the cytoskeleton to the cell membrane. These connections are regulated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Here, we addressed the involvement of FAK in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction in hyperplastic human prostate tissues. Prostate tissues were obtained from radical prostatectomy. Expression of FAK and focal adhesion proteins was assessed by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical stainings. Effects of the FAK inhibitors PF-573228 and Y-11 on contraction of prostate strips were examined in the organ bath. Expression of FAK and focal adhesion proteins (integrin-5α, paxilin, and c-Src) was detected by Western blot analysis in prostate samples. By double immunofluorescence staining with calponin and pan-cytokeratin, expression of FAK was observed in stromal and epithelial cells. Immunoreactivity for FAK colocalized with integrin-5α, paxilin, talin, and c-Src. Stimulation of prostate tissues with the α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine increased the phosphorylation state of FAK at Tyr397 and Tyr925 with different kinetics, which was blocked by the α1-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin. Norepinephrine and phenylephrine induced concentration-dependent contractions of prostate strips. Both FAK inhibitors PF-573228 and Y-11 significantly inhibited norepinephrine- and phenylephrine-induced contractions. Finally, PF-573228 and Y-11 inhibited contractions induced by electric field stimulation, which was significant at the highest frequency. In conclusion, α1-adrenergic smooth muscle contraction or its regulation involves FAK in the human prostate. Consequently, FAK may be involved in the pathophysiology of LUTS and in current or future LUTS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kunit
- Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Schwestern Linz, Linz, Austria; and
| | - Christian Gratzke
- Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Schreiber
- Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Beata Rutz
- Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Loidl
- Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Schwestern Linz, Linz, Austria; and
| | - Karl-Erik Andersson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Martin Hennenberg
- Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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45
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Moreno-Domínguez A, El-Yazbi AF, Zhu HL, Colinas O, Zhong XZ, Walsh EJ, Cole DM, Kargacin GJ, Walsh MP, Cole WC. Cytoskeletal reorganization evoked by Rho-associated kinase- and protein kinase C-catalyzed phosphorylation of cofilin and heat shock protein 27, respectively, contributes to myogenic constriction of rat cerebral arteries. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:20939-52. [PMID: 24914207 PMCID: PMC4110300 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.553743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the molecular events contributing to myogenic control of diameter in cerebral resistance arteries in response to changes in intravascular pressure, a fundamental mechanism regulating blood flow to the brain, is incomplete. Myosin light chain kinase and phosphatase activities are known to be increased and decreased, respectively, to augment phosphorylation of the 20-kDa regulatory light chain subunits (LC20) of myosin II, which permits cross-bridge cycling and force development. Here, we assessed the contribution of dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and thin filament regulation to the myogenic response and serotonin-evoked constriction of pressurized rat middle cerebral arteries. Arterial diameter and the levels of phosphorylated LC(20), calponin, caldesmon, cofilin, and HSP27, as well as G-actin content, were determined. A decline in G-actin content was observed following pressurization from 10 mm Hg to between 40 and 120 mm Hg and in three conditions in which myogenic or agonist-evoked constriction occurred in the absence of a detectable change in LC20 phosphorylation. No changes in thin filament protein phosphorylation were evident. Pressurization reduced G-actin content and elevated the levels of cofilin and HSP27 phosphorylation. Inhibitors of Rho-associated kinase and PKC prevented the decline in G-actin; reduced cofilin and HSP27 phosphoprotein content, respectively; and blocked the myogenic response. Furthermore, phosphorylation modulators of HSP27 and cofilin induced significant changes in arterial diameter and G-actin content of myogenically active arteries. Taken together, our findings suggest that dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton involving increased actin polymerization in response to Rho-associated kinase and PKC signaling contributes significantly to force generation in myogenic constriction of cerebral resistance arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed F. El-Yazbi
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
| | - Hai-Lei Zhu
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
| | - Olaia Colinas
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
| | - X. Zoë Zhong
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
| | - Emma J. Walsh
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
| | - Dylan M. Cole
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
| | - Gary J. Kargacin
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
| | - Michael P. Walsh
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - William C. Cole
- From the Smooth Muscle Research Group, Departments of Physiology & Pharmacology and
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46
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Influence of heating and cyclic tension on the induction of heat shock proteins and bone-related proteins by MC3T3-E1 cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:354260. [PMID: 25013774 PMCID: PMC4071810 DOI: 10.1155/2014/354260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Stress conditioning (e.g., thermal, shear, and tensile stress) of bone cells has been shown to enhance healing. However, prior studies have not investigated whether combined stress could synergistically promote bone regeneration. This study explored the impact of combined thermal and tensile stress on the induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and bone-related proteins by a murine preosteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1). Cells were exposed to thermal stress using a water bath (44°C for 4 or 8 minutes) with postheating incubation (37°C for 4 hours) followed by exposure to cyclic strain (equibiaxial 3%, 0.2 Hz, cycle of 10-second tensile stress followed by 10-second rest). Combined thermal stress and tensile stress induced mRNA expression of HSP27 (1.41 relative fold induction (RFI) compared to sham-treated control), HSP70 (5.55 RFI), and osteopontin (1.44 RFI) but suppressed matrix metalloproteinase-9 (0.6 RFI) compared to the control. Combined thermal and tensile stress increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion into the culture supernatant (1.54-fold increase compared to the control). Therefore, combined thermal and mechanical stress preconditioning can enhance HSP induction and influence protein expression important for bone tissue healing.
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47
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Li J, Chen S, Cleary RA, Wang R, Gannon OJ, Seto E, Tang DD. Histone deacetylase 8 regulates cortactin deacetylation and contraction in smooth muscle tissues. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 307:C288-95. [PMID: 24920679 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00102.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of enzymes that mediate nucleosomal histone deacetylation and gene expression. Some members of the HDAC family have also been implicated in nonhistone protein deacetylation, which modulates cell-cycle control, differentiation, and cell migration. However, the role of HDACs in smooth muscle contraction is largely unknown. Here, HDAC8 was localized both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of mouse and human smooth muscle cells. Knockdown of HDAC8 by lentivirus-encoding HDAC8 shRNA inhibited force development in response to acetylcholine. Treatment of smooth muscle tissues with HDAC8 inhibitor XXIV (OSU-HDAC-44) induced relaxation of precontracted smooth muscle tissues. In addition, cortactin is an actin-regulatory protein that undergoes deacetylation during migration of NIH 3T3 cells. In this study, acetylcholine stimulation induced cortactin deacetylation in mouse and human smooth muscle tissues, as evidenced by immunoblot analysis using antibody against acetylated lysine. Knockdown of HDAC8 by RNAi or treatment with the inhibitor attenuated cortactin deacetylation and actin polymerization without affecting myosin activation. Furthermore, expression of a charge-neutralizing cortactin mutant inhibited contraction and actin dynamics during contractile activation. These results suggest a novel mechanism for the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. In response to contractile stimulation, HDAC8 may mediate cortactin deacetylation, which subsequently promotes actin filament polymerization and smooth muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Shu Chen
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Rachel A Cleary
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Ruping Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
| | - Edward Seto
- Molecular Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Dale D Tang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; and
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48
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Tsai MH, Chang AN, Huang J, He W, Sweeney HL, Zhu M, Kamm KE, Stull JT. Constitutive phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit-1 in smooth muscle. J Physiol 2014; 592:3031-51. [PMID: 24835173 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.273011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle contraction initiated by myosin regulatory light chain (RLC) phosphorylation is dependent on the relative activities of Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP). We have investigated the physiological role of the MLCP regulatory subunit MYPT1 in bladder smooth muscle containing a smooth muscle-specific deletion of MYPT1 in adult mice. Deep-sequencing analyses of mRNA and immunoblotting revealed that MYPT1 depletion reduced the amount of PP1cδ with no compensatory changes in expression of other MYPT1 family members. Phosphatase activity towards phosphorylated smooth muscle heavy meromyosin was proportional to the amount of PP1cδ in total homogenates from wild-type or MYPT1-deficient tissues. Isolated MYPT1-deficient tissues from MYPT1(SM-/-) mice contracted with moderate differences in response to KCl and carbachol treatments, and relaxed rapidly with comparable rates after carbachol removal and only 1.5-fold slower after KCl removal. Measurements of phosphorylated proteins in the RLC signalling and actin polymerization modules during contractions revealed moderate changes. Using a novel procedure to quantify total phosphorylation of MYPT1 at Thr696 and Thr853, we found substantial phosphorylation in wild-type tissues under resting conditions, predicting attenuation of MLCP activity. Reduced PP1cδ activity in MYPT1-deficient tissues may be similar to the attenuated MLCP activity in wild-type tissues resulting from constitutively phosphorylated MYPT1. Constitutive phosphorylation of MYPT1 Thr696 and Thr853 may thus represent a physiological mechanism acting in concert with agonist-induced MYPT1 phosphorylation to inhibit MLCP activity. In summary, MYPT1 deficiency may not cause significant derangement of smooth muscle contractility because the effective MLCP activity is not changed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ho Tsai
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Audrey N Chang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Weiqi He
- Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Lee Sweeney
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Minsheng Zhu
- Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kristine E Kamm
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - James T Stull
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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49
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Wang R, Cleary RA, Wang T, Li J, Tang DD. The association of cortactin with profilin-1 is critical for smooth muscle contraction. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14157-69. [PMID: 24700464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.548099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Profilin-1 (Pfn-1) is an actin-regulatory protein that has a role in modulating smooth muscle contraction. However, the mechanisms that regulate Pfn-1 in smooth muscle are not fully understood. Here, stimulation with acetylcholine induced an increase in the association of the adapter protein cortactin with Pfn-1 in smooth muscle cells/tissues. Furthermore, disruption of the protein/protein interaction by a cell-permeable peptide (CTTN-I peptide) attenuated actin polymerization and smooth muscle contraction without affecting myosin light chain phosphorylation at Ser-19. Knockdown of cortactin by lentivirus-mediated RNAi also diminished actin polymerization and smooth muscle force development. However, cortactin knockdown did not affect myosin activation. In addition, cortactin phosphorylation has been implicated in nonmuscle cell migration. In this study, acetylcholine stimulation induced cortactin phosphorylation at Tyr-421 in smooth muscle cells. Phenylalanine substitution at this position impaired cortactin/Pfn-1 interaction in response to contractile activation. c-Abl is a tyrosine kinase that is necessary for actin dynamics and contraction in smooth muscle. Here, c-Abl silencing inhibited the agonist-induced cortactin phosphorylation and the association of cortactin with Pfn-1. Finally, treatment with CTTN-I peptide reduced airway resistance and smooth muscle hyperreactivity in a murine model of asthma. These results suggest that the interaction of cortactin with Pfn-1 plays a pivotal role in regulating actin dynamics, smooth muscle contraction, and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. The association of cortactin with Pfn-1 is regulated by c-Abl-mediated cortactin phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Rachel A Cleary
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Tao Wang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Jia Li
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
| | - Dale D Tang
- From the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208
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50
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Increased activation of latent TGF-β1 by αVβ3 in human Crohn's disease and fibrosis in TNBS colitis can be prevented by cilengitide. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2013; 19:2829-39. [PMID: 24051933 PMCID: PMC3889641 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0b013e3182a8452e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strictures develop in >30% of patients affected with Crohn's disease. No available medication prevents stricture development in susceptible patients. In Crohn's strictures, but not adjacent normal intestine, TGF-β1 increases in muscularis smooth muscle, increasing collagen I production and strictures. Muscle cells express αVβ3 integrin containing an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) binding domain. The aim was to determine whether increased TGF-β1 levels in strictures were the result of latent TGF-β1, which contains an RGD sequence, binding to and activation by αVβ3; and whether cilengitide, which is an RGD-containing αVβ3 integrin inhibitor, decreases TGF-β1 activation and development of fibrosis in chronic 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. DESIGN Muscle cells isolated from Crohn's disease strictures and normal resection margin and from the colon of rats after 42 days of chronic TNBS-induced colitis were used to prepare RNA and protein lysates and to initiate primary cultures. The mechanisms leading to increased TGF-β1 activation, collagen I production, and fibrosis were examined in human muscle and in rats. Human cultured cells in vitro and rats in vivo were treated with cilengitide to determines it efficacy to decrease TGF-β1-activation, collagen production, and decrease the development of fibrosis. RESULTS Latent TGF-β1 is activated by the αVβ3 RGD domain in human and rat intestinal smooth muscles. Increased activation of TGF-β1 in Crohn's disease and in TNBS-induced colitis causes increased collagen production, and fibrosis that could be inhibited by cilengitide. CONCLUSIONS Cilengitide, an αVβ3 integrin RGD inhibitor, could be a novel treatment to diminish excess TGF-β1 activation, collagen I production, and development of fibrosis in Crohn's disease.
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