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Almeida-Nunes DL, Nunes M, Osório H, Ferreira V, Lobo C, Monteiro P, Abreu MH, Bartosch C, Silvestre R, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Ricardo S. Ovarian cancer ascites proteomic profile reflects metabolic changes during disease progression. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101755. [PMID: 38974022 PMCID: PMC11225207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) patients develop ascites, an accumulation of ascitic fluid in the peritoneal cavity anda sign of tumour dissemination within the peritoneal cavity. This body fluid is under-researched, mainly regarding the ascites formed during tumour progression that have no diagnostic value and, therefore, are discarded. We performed a discovery proteomics study to identify new biomarkers in the ascites supernatant of OC patients. In this preliminary study, we analyzed a small amount of OC ascites to highlight the importance of not discarding such biological material during treatment, which could be valuable for OC management. Our findings reveal that OC malignant ascitic fluid (MAF) displays a proliferative environment that promotes the growth of OC cells that shift the metabolic pathway using alternative sources of nutrients, such as the cholesterol pathway. Also, OC ascites drained from patients during treatment showed an immunosuppressive environment, with up-regulation of proteins from the signaling pathways of IL-4 and IL-13 and down-regulation from the MHC-II. This preliminary study pinpointed a new protein (Transmembrane Protein 132A) in the OC context that deserves to be better explored in a more extensive cohort of patients' samples. The proteomic profile of MAF from OC patients provides a unique insight into the metabolic kinetics of cancer cells during disease progression, and this information can be used to develop more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Luísa Almeida-Nunes
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Mariana Nunes
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- Proteomics Scientific Platform, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine from University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Verónica Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Lobo
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Monteiro
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Henriques Abreu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (PCCC), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Bartosch
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (PCCC), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPO-Porto) / Health Research Network (RISE@CI-IPO-Porto), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine from University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- FOREN – Forensic Science Experts, Dr. Mário Moutinho Avenue, No. 33-A, 1400-136, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Ricardo
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Toxicologic Pathology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
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Nanashima N, Horie K, Oey I. Blackcurrant extract promotes differentiation of MC3T3‑E1 pre‑osteoblasts. Biomed Rep 2024; 21:121. [PMID: 38978537 PMCID: PMC11229392 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis risk increases in menopausal individuals owing to the decrease in estrogen secretion. Blackcurrant extract (BCE) ameliorates osteoporosis; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Furthermore, although BCE has phytoestrogenic activity, its effects on osteoblasts are unknown. In the present study, we investigated BCE-mediated attenuation of osteoporosis using mouse MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts, with a focus on osteogenesis. After treating MC3T3-E1 cells with BCE for 48 h, cell proliferation was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8. Levels of osteoblast differentiation markers, namely alkaline phosphatase activity and total collagen content in the cells, were evaluated after 3 and 14 days of BCE treatment, respectively. The expression of genes encoding osteoblast differentiation markers, including collagen type I (Col-I), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), bone γ-carboxyglutamate protein (Bglap), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), was evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Mineralization of the cells was evaluated using Alizarin Red staining. Femoral tissues of ovariectomized (OVX) rats with or without 3% BCE were stained using ALP to evaluate osteogenic differentiation in femoral tissue. After treating MC3T3-E1 cells with BCE, cell proliferation had increased. BCE treatment increased Alp activity and total collagen content. Moreover, the expression of Col-I, Alp, Bglap, and Runx2 increased in BCE-treated cells. Furthermore, when MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with BCE for 21 days, the levels of calcified nodules increased. Alp staining intensity was stronger in the epiphyses on femoral tissue of OVX rats treated with 3% BCE than in those of untreated OVX rats. The results suggest that BCE may promote osteogenesis by inducing osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Nanashima
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori 030-8505, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kayo Horie
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Indrawati Oey
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Valentín López JC, Lange CA, Dehm SM. Androgen receptor and estrogen receptor variants in prostate and breast cancers. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 241:106522. [PMID: 38641298 PMCID: PMC11139604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) are steroid receptor transcription factors with critical roles in the development and progression of prostate and breast cancers. Advances in the understanding of mechanisms underlying the ligand-dependent activation of these transcription factors have contributed to the development of small molecule inhibitors that block AR and ERα actions. These inhibitors include competitive antagonists and degraders that directly bind the ligand binding domains of these receptors, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs that suppress gonadal synthesis of testosterone or estrogen, and drugs that block specific enzymes required for biosynthesis of testosterone or estrogen. However, resistance to these therapies is frequent, and is often driven by selection for tumor cells with alterations in the AR or ESR1 genes and/or alternatively spliced AR or ESR1 mRNAs that encode variant forms AR or ERα. While most investigations involving AR have been within the context of prostate cancer, and the majority of investigations involving ERα have been within the context of breast cancer, important roles for AR have been elucidated in breast cancer, and important roles for ERα have been elucidated in prostate cancer. Here, we will discuss the roles of AR and ERα in breast and prostate cancers, outline the effects of gene- and mRNA-level alterations in AR and ESR1 on progression of these diseases, and identify strategies that are being developed to target these alterations therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carol A Lange
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Medicine-Hematology, Oncology & Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Scott M Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Fruzzetti F, Fidecicchi T, Gambacciani M. Oestrogens in oral contraception: considerations for tailoring prescription to women's needs. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2024; 29:93-102. [PMID: 38683756 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2024.2334350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oestrogenic component of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) has changed over years with the aim of reducing oestrogen-related side effects and risks, whilst maintaining oestrogen beneficial effects, particularly on cycle control. PURPOSE To describe the pharmacological profiles of different oestrogens commonly used in COCs to provide insights on contraceptive prescription tailored to women's needs. RESULTS All COCs ensure a high contraceptive efficacy. COCs containing the natural oestrogens oestradiol (E2), oestradiol valerate (E2V) and estetrol (E4) have limited impact on liver metabolism, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, haemostasis and sex hormone binding globulin levels, compared with ethinylestradiol (EE). COCs with E2 and E2V appear also to entail a lower elevation of the risk of venous thromboembolism vs. EE-containing pills. No epidemiological data are available for E4-COC. E2- and E2V-containing COCs seem to exert a less stabilising oestrogenic effect on the endometrium compared with EE-COCs. The E4-COC results in a predictable bleeding pattern with a high rate of scheduled bleeding and minimal unscheduled bleeding per cycle. Based on in vitro and in vivo animal data, E4 seems to be associated with a lower effect on cell breast proliferation. CONCLUSION Today various COCs contain different oestrogens. Prescribers must be familiar with the different properties of each oestrogen for a tailored contraceptive recommendation, considering their safety and contraceptive efficacy, as well as women's needs and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Fruzzetti
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, San Rossore Clinical Center, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Fidecicchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale Santa Chiara, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Gambacciani
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, San Rossore Clinical Center, Pisa, Italy
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Lu R, Zhu J, Li X, Zeng C, Huang Y, Peng C, Zhou Y, Xue Q. ERβ-activated LINC01018 promotes endometriosis development by regulating the CDC25C/CDK1/CyclinB1 pathway. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:617-629. [PMID: 38224945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis refers to as an estrogen-dependent disease. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ), the main estrogen receptor subtype which is encoded by the estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) gene, can mediate the action of estrogen in endometriosis. Although selective estrogen receptor modulators can target the ERβ, they are not specific due to the wide distribution of ERβ. Recently, long noncoding RNAs have been implicated in endometriosis. Therefore, we aim to explore and validate the downstream regulatory mechanism of ERβ, and to investigate the potential role of long intergenic noncoding RNA 1018 (LINC01018) as a nonhormonal treatment for endometriosis. Our study demonstrates that the expression levels of ESR2 and LINC01018 are increased in ectopic endometrial tissues and reveals a significant positive correlation between the ESR2 and LINC01018 expression. Mechanistically, ERβ directly binds to an estrogen response element located in the LINC01018 promoter region and activates LINC01018 transcription. Functionally, ERβ can regulate the CDC25C/CDK1/CyclinB1 pathway and promote ectopic endometrial stromal cell proliferation via LINC01018 in vitro. Consistent with these findings, the knockdown of LINC01018 inhibits endometriotic lesion proliferation in vivo. In summary, our study demonstrates that the ERβ/LINC01018/CDC25C/CDK1/CyclinB1 signaling axis regulates endometriosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihui Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jingwen Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yingfang Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Qing Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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Mares-Quiñones MD, Galán-Vásquez E, Pérez-Rueda E, Pérez-Ishiwara DG, Medel-Flores MO, Gómez-García MDC. Identification of modules and key genes associated with breast cancer subtypes through network analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12350. [PMID: 38811600 PMCID: PMC11137066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women around the world. Intratumor and intertumoral heterogeneity persist in mammary tumors. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers is essential for the treatment of this malignancy. This study analyzed 28,143 genes expressed in 49 breast cancer cell lines using a Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis to determine specific target proteins for Basal A, Basal B, Luminal A, Luminal B, and HER2 ampl breast cancer subtypes. Sixty-five modules were identified, of which five were characterized as having a high correlation with breast cancer subtypes. Genes overexpressed in the tumor were found to participate in the following mechanisms: regulation of the apoptotic process, transcriptional regulation, angiogenesis, signaling, and cellular survival. In particular, we identified the following genes, considered as hubs: IFIT3, an inhibitor of viral and cellular processes; ETS1, a transcription factor involved in cell death and tumorigenesis; ENSG00000259723 lncRNA, expressed in cancers; AL033519.3, a hypothetical gene; and TMEM86A, important for regulating keratinocyte membrane properties, considered as a key in Basal A, Basal B, Luminal A, Luminal B, and HER2 ampl breast cancer subtypes, respectively. The modules and genes identified in this work can be used to identify possible biomarkers or therapeutic targets in different breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Daniela Mares-Quiñones
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Edgardo Galán-Vásquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Pérez-Rueda
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica del Estado de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - D Guillermo Pérez-Ishiwara
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Olivia Medel-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Del Consuelo Gómez-García
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Programa de Doctorado en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Gong G, Ganesan K, Wan Y, Liu Y, Huang Y, Luo Y, Wang X, Zhang Z, Zheng Y. Unveiling the neuroprotective properties of isoflavones: current evidence, molecular mechanisms and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-37. [PMID: 38794836 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2357701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases encompass a wide range of debilitating and incurable brain disorders characterized by the progressive deterioration of the nervous system's structure and function. Isoflavones, which are naturally occurring polyphenolic phytochemicals, have been found to regulate various cellular signaling pathways associated with the nervous system. The main objective of this comprehensive review is to explore the neuroprotective effects of isoflavones, elucidate the underlying mechanisms, and assess their potential for treating neurodegenerative disorders. Relevant data regarding isoflavones and their impact on neurodegenerative diseases were gathered from multiple library databases and electronic sources, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Numerous isoflavones, including genistein, daidzein, biochanin A, and formononetin, have exhibited potent neuroprotective properties against various neurodegenerative diseases. These compounds have been found to modulate neurotransmitters, which in turn contributes to their ability to protect against neurodegeneration. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental studies have provided evidence of their neuroprotection mechanisms, which involve interactions with estrogenic receptors, antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory properties, anti-apoptotic activity, and modulation of neural plasticity. This review aims to provide current insights into the neuroprotective characteristics of isoflavones and shed light on their potential therapeutic applications in future clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yukai Wan
- Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Yongping Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Xuexu Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Zhenxia Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Functional Substances in Medicinal Edible Resources and Healthcare Products, School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China
- Guangdong East Drug and Food and Health Branch, Chaozhou, China
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Balan I, Boero G, Chéry SL, McFarland MH, Lopez AG, Morrow AL. Neuroactive Steroids, Toll-like Receptors, and Neuroimmune Regulation: Insights into Their Impact on Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:582. [PMID: 38792602 PMCID: PMC11122352 DOI: 10.3390/life14050582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnane neuroactive steroids, notably allopregnanolone and pregnenolone, exhibit efficacy in mitigating inflammatory signals triggered by toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, thus attenuating the production of inflammatory factors. Clinical studies highlight their therapeutic potential, particularly in conditions like postpartum depression (PPD), where the FDA-approved compound brexanolone, an intravenous formulation of allopregnanolone, effectively suppresses TLR-mediated inflammatory pathways, predicting symptom improvement. Additionally, pregnane neurosteroids exhibit trophic and anti-inflammatory properties, stimulating the production of vital trophic proteins and anti-inflammatory factors. Androstane neuroactive steroids, including estrogens and androgens, along with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), display diverse effects on TLR expression and activation. Notably, androstenediol (ADIOL), an androstane neurosteroid, emerges as a potent anti-inflammatory agent, promising for therapeutic interventions. The dysregulation of immune responses via TLR signaling alongside reduced levels of endogenous neurosteroids significantly contributes to symptom severity across various neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroactive steroids, such as allopregnanolone, demonstrate efficacy in alleviating symptoms of various neuropsychiatric disorders and modulating neuroimmune responses, offering potential intervention avenues. This review emphasizes the significant therapeutic potential of neuroactive steroids in modulating TLR signaling pathways, particularly in addressing inflammatory processes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. It advances our understanding of the complex interplay between neuroactive steroids and immune responses, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual needs and providing insights for future research aimed at unraveling the intricacies of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Balan
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (I.B.); (S.L.C.); (M.H.M.); (A.G.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Giorgia Boero
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Samantha Lucenell Chéry
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (I.B.); (S.L.C.); (M.H.M.); (A.G.L.)
- Neuroscience Curriculum, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Minna H. McFarland
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (I.B.); (S.L.C.); (M.H.M.); (A.G.L.)
- Neuroscience Curriculum, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alejandro G. Lopez
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (I.B.); (S.L.C.); (M.H.M.); (A.G.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - A. Leslie Morrow
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (I.B.); (S.L.C.); (M.H.M.); (A.G.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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9
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Morimont L, Didembourg M, Bouvy C, Jost M, Taziaux M, Oligschlager Y, van Rooijen M, Gaspard U, Foidart JM, Douxfils J. Low thrombin generation in postmenopausal women using estetrol. Climacteric 2024; 27:193-201. [PMID: 38241059 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2023.2292066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Estetrol (E4) represents a novel estrogen of interest to relieve vasomotor symptoms. E4 activates the nuclear estrogen receptor α (ERα) but antagonizes the estradiol ERα-dependent membrane-initiated steroid signaling pathway. The distinct pharmacological properties of E4 could explain its low impact on hemostasis. This study aimed to assess the effect of E4 on coagulation in postmenopausal women, using the thrombin generation assay (TGA). METHODS Data were collected from a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study in postmenopausal women (NCT02834312). Oral E4 (2.5 mg, n = 42; 5 mg, n = 29; 10 mg, n = 34; or 15 mg, n = 32) or placebo (n = 31) was administered daily for 12 weeks. Thrombograms and TGA parameters were extracted for each subject at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS After 12 weeks of treatment, all treatment groups showed a mean thrombogram (±95% confidence interval [CI] of the mean) within the reference ranges, that is, the 2.5th-97.5th percentile of all baseline thrombograms (n = 168), as well as for TGA parameters. CONCLUSIONS The intake of E4 15 mg for 12 weeks led to significant but not clinically relevant changes compared to baseline as the mean values (±95% CI of the mean) remained within reference ranges, demonstrating a neutral profile of this estrogen on hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Morimont
- QUALIresearch, Qualiblood s.a, Namur, Belgium
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Unit (CPRU), Namur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - M Didembourg
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Unit (CPRU), Namur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - C Bouvy
- QUALIresearch, Qualiblood s.a, Namur, Belgium
| | - M Jost
- Estetra SRL, An affiliate Company of Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
| | - M Taziaux
- Estetra SRL, An affiliate Company of Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
| | - Y Oligschlager
- Estetra SRL, An affiliate Company of Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
| | - M van Rooijen
- Estetra SRL, An affiliate Company of Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
| | - U Gaspard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J-M Foidart
- Estetra SRL, An affiliate Company of Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J Douxfils
- QUALIresearch, Qualiblood s.a, Namur, Belgium
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Unit (CPRU), Namur Research Institute for LIfe Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
- Department of Biological Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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10
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Alzahrani AA, Saleh RO, Latypova A, Bokov DO, Kareem AH, Talib HA, Hameed NM, Pramanik A, Alawadi A, Alsalamy A. Therapeutic significance of long noncoding RNAs in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3993. [PMID: 38532685 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
About 70% of cases of breast cancer are compromised by Estrogen-positive breast cancer. Through its regulation of several processes, including cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis, Estrogen signaling plays a pivotal role in the genesis and progression of this particular kind of breast cancer. One of the best treatment strategies for treating Estrogen-positive breast cancer is blocking Estrogen signaling. However, patients' treatment failure is mainly caused by the emergence of resistance and metastases, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic targets. Numerous studies have shown long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to play a role in Estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. These lncRNAs interact with co-regulators and the Estrogen signaling cascade components, primarily due to Estrogen activation. Vimentin and E-cadherin are examples of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers, and they regulate genes involved in cell cycle progression, such as Cyclins, to affect the growth, proliferation, and metastasis of Estrogen-positive breast cancer. Furthermore, a few of these lncRNAs contribute to developing resistance to chemotherapy, making them more desirable targets for enhancing results. Thus, to shed light on the creation of fresh approaches for treating this cancer, this review attempts to compile recently conducted studies on the relationship between lncRNAs and the advancement of Estrogen-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Amaliya Latypova
- Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref Campus, Kuwait
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Hayder Abdullah Talib
- College of Agriculture, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Noora M Hameed
- Anesthesia techniques, Al-Nisour University College, Iraq
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- Divison of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
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11
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Guo Y, Li X, Xie Y, Wang Y. What influences the activity of Degrader-Antibody conjugates (DACs). Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116216. [PMID: 38387330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The targeted protein degradation (TPD) technology employing proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has been widely applied in drug chemistry and chemical biology for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. PROTACs have demonstrated significant advantages in targeting undruggable targets and overcoming drug resistance. However, despite the efficient degradation of targeted proteins achieved by PROTACs, they still face challenges related to selectivity between normal and cancer cells, as well as issues with poor membrane permeability due to their substantial molecular weight. Additionally, the noteworthy toxicity resulting from off-target effects also needs to be addressed. To solve these issues, Degrader-Antibody Conjugates (DACs) have been developed, leveraging the targeting and internalization capabilities of antibodies. In this review, we elucidates the characteristics and distinctions between DACs, and traditional Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Meanwhile, we emphasizes the significance of DACs in facilitating the delivery of PROTACs and delves into the impact of various components on DAC activity. These components include antibody targets, drug-antibody ratio (DAR), linker types, PROTACs targets, PROTACs connections, and E3 ligase ligands. The review also explores the suitability of different targets (antibody targets or PROTACs targets) for DACs, providing insights to guide the design of PROTACs better suited for antibody conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolin Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, Sichuan, China.
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12
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Kor A, Sungu N, Karabulut Ş, Erten Ş. Renal tubular estrogen ß receptors are expressed at high levels in small vessel vasculitis and are primarily localized in the distal tubule. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23497. [PMID: 38376916 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302362rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the possible roles of renal estrogen receptors (ER) in glomerulonephritis associated with small vessel vasculitis. The relationships of ERs were investigated in antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis and immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy groups, which are small vessel vasculitis subtypes with two different glomerulonephritis development pathophysiologies. The design of this study was prepared as a retrospective cohort study. The study included 42 patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and 18 with IgA nephropathy in the small vessel vasculitis group. For the control group, intact renal tissues of 28 patients who underwent nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma were used. Renal biopsy samples of the groups were stained with ER beta (ß) and ER alpha (α). Tubular ER ß expression score (TERßES) median values were found to be significantly higher in ANCA- associated vasculitis (B = 0.724, OR [95%CI]: 2.064 [1.141-3.731], p = .016) and IgA nephropathy (B = 0.898, OR [95%CI]: 2.454 [1.307-4.609], p = .005) than in intact kidney tissue. It was determined that tubular ERß was most frequently localized in the distal tubule at 57.9% and the second most common in the proximal tubule at 20.4%. The expression of tubular ERß is increased in glomerulonephritis due to small vessel vasculitis. Tubular ERßs are most commonly localized in the distal tubule. Further studies are needed to understand the physiological and pathophysiological effects of altered renal ER levels in small vessel vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kor
- Department of Rheumatology, Ministry of Health, Aksaray University Training and Research Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nuran Sungu
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şefika Karabulut
- Gulhane Department of Microbiology, Virology, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şükran Erten
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Kowsar R, Sadeghi K, Hashemzadeh F, Miyamoto A. Ovarian sex steroid and epithelial control of immune responses in the uterus and oviduct: human and animal models†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:230-245. [PMID: 38038990 PMCID: PMC10873282 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The female reproductive tract (FRT), including the uterus and oviduct (Fallopian tube), is responsible for maintaining an optimal microenvironment for reproductive processes, such as gamete activation and transportation, sperm capacitation, fertilization, and early embryonic and fetal development. The mucosal surface of the FRT may be exposed to pathogens and sexually transmitted microorganisms due to the opening of the cervix during mating. Pathogens and endotoxins may also reach the oviduct through the peritoneal fluid. To maintain an optimum reproductive environment while recognizing and killing pathogenic bacterial and viral agents, the oviduct and uterus should be equipped with an efficient and rigorously controlled immune system. Ovarian sex steroids can affect epithelial cells and underlying stromal cells, which have been shown to mediate innate and adaptive immune responses. This, in turn, protects against potential infections while maintaining an optimal milieu for reproductive events, highlighting the homeostatic involvement of ovarian sex steroids and reproductive epithelial cells. This article will discuss how ovarian sex steroids affect the immune reactions elicited by the epithelial cells of the non-pregnant uterus and oviduct in the bovine, murine, and human species. Finally, we propose that there are regional and species-specific differences in the immune responses in FRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Kowsar
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Farzad Hashemzadeh
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Global Agromedicine Research Center, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
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14
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Shi H, Xu K, Huang M, Mao M, Ou J. Regulatory mechanism of GPER in the invasion and migration of ectopic endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis. Women Health 2024; 64:109-120. [PMID: 38148599 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2023.2296522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of high incidence that causes serious reproductive consequences. High estrogen production is a consistently observed endocrine feature of EMS. The present study aims to probe the molecular mechanism of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) in the invasion and migration of ectopic endometrial stromal cells (Ect-ESCs) and provides a new rationale for EMS treatment. Eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues were collected from 41 EMS patients, and primary ESCs were separated. GPER, miR-16-5p, and miR-103a-3p levels in cells and tissues were determined by qRT-PCR or Western blot assay. Cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and migration were evaluated by CCK-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays. The upstream miRNAs of GPER were predicted by databases, and dual-luciferase assay was performed to validate the binding of miR-16-5p and miR-103a-3p to GPER 3'UTR. GPER was highly expressed in EMS tissues and Ect-ESCs. Inhibition of GPER mitigated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of Ect-ESCs. GPER was regulated by miR-16-5p and miR-103a-3p. Overexpression of miR-16-5p and miR-103a-3p negatively regulated GPER expression and inhibited the invasion and migration of Ect-ESC. In conclusion, GPER promoted the invasion and migration of Ect-ESCs, which can be reversed by upstream miR-16-5p and miR-103a-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Shi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo City, China
| | - Kejun Xu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo City, China
| | - Mengna Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo City, China
| | - Meiya Mao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo City, China
| | - Jilan Ou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo City, China
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15
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Drury ER, Wu J, Gigliotti JC, Le TH. Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:199-251. [PMID: 37477622 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's controversial Generation of Animals more than 300 years BC, which reflects the sex bias of the time to contemporary readers. Although the question "why are the sexes different" remains a topic of debate in the present day in metaphysics, the recent emphasis on sex comparison in research studies has led to the question "how are the sexes different" being addressed in health science through numerous observational studies in both health and disease susceptibility, including blood pressure regulation and hypertension. These efforts have resulted in better understanding of differences in males and females at the molecular level that partially explain their differences in vascular function and renal sodium handling and hence blood pressure and the consequential cardiovascular and kidney disease risks in hypertension. This review focuses on clinical studies comparing differences between men and women in blood pressure over the life span and response to dietary sodium and highlights experimental models investigating sexual dimorphism in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, vascular, sympathetic nervous, and immune systems, endothelin, the major renal sodium transporters/exchangers/channels, and the impact of sex hormones on these systems in blood pressure homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms governing sex differences in blood pressure regulation could guide novel therapeutic approaches in a sex-specific manner to lower cardiovascular risks in hypertension and advance personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Drury
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Jing Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Joseph C Gigliotti
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lynchburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Thu H Le
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
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16
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Harvey BJ, Harvey HM. Sex Differences in Colon Cancer: Genomic and Nongenomic Signalling of Oestrogen. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2225. [PMID: 38137047 PMCID: PMC10742859 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy that exhibits distinct differences in incidence, prognosis, and treatment responses between males and females. These disparities have long been attributed to hormonal differences, particularly the influence of oestrogen signalling. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in colon cancer and the protective role of membrane and nuclear oestrogen signalling in CRC development, progression, and therapeutic interventions. We discuss the epidemiological and molecular evidence supporting sex differences in colon cancer, followed by an exploration of the impact of oestrogen in CRC through various genomic and nongenomic signalling pathways involving membrane and nuclear oestrogen receptors. Furthermore, we examine the interplay between oestrogen receptors and other signalling pathways, in particular the Wnt/β-catenin proliferative pathway and hypoxia in shaping biological sex differences and oestrogen protective actions in colon cancer. Lastly, we highlight the potential therapeutic implications of targeting oestrogen signalling in the management of colon cancer and propose future research directions to address the current gaps in our understanding of this complex phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Harvey
- Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Harry M. Harvey
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z5, Canada;
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17
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Palamarchuk IS, Slavich GM, Vaillancourt T, Rajji TK. Stress-related cellular pathophysiology as a crosstalk risk factor for neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:65. [PMID: 38087196 PMCID: PMC10714507 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we examine biological processes linking psychological stress and cognition, with a focus on how psychological stress can activate multiple neurobiological mechanisms that drive cognitive decline and behavioral change. First, we describe the general neurobiology of the stress response to define neurocognitive stress reactivity. Second, we review aspects of epigenetic regulation, synaptic transmission, sex hormones, photoperiodic plasticity, and psychoneuroimmunological processes that can contribute to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric conditions. Third, we explain mechanistic processes linking the stress response and neuropathology. Fourth, we discuss molecular nuances such as an interplay between kinases and proteins, as well as differential role of sex hormones, that can increase vulnerability to cognitive and emotional dysregulation following stress. Finally, we explicate several testable hypotheses for stress, neurocognitive, and neuropsychiatric research. Together, this work highlights how stress processes alter neurophysiology on multiple levels to increase individuals' risk for neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders, and points toward novel therapeutic targets for mitigating these effects. The resulting models can thus advance dementia and mental health research, and translational neuroscience, with an eye toward clinical application in cognitive and behavioral neurology, and psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna S Palamarchuk
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, M6J1H4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Division of Neurology, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - George M Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tracy Vaillancourt
- Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON, M6J1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Labra-Vázquez P, Rocha E, Xiao Y, Tassé M, Duhayon C, Farfán N, Santillan R, Gibot L, Lacroix PG, Malfant I. A Trojan horse approach for enhancing the cellular uptake of a ruthenium nitrosyl complex. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:18177-18193. [PMID: 37997689 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03480a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium nitrosyl (RuNO) complexes continue to attract significant research interest due to several appealing features that make these photoactivatable nitric oxide (NO˙) donors attractive for applications in photoactivated chemotherapy. Interesting examples of molecular candidates capable of delivering cytotoxic concentrations of NO˙ in aqueous media have been discussed. Nevertheless, the question of whether most of these highly polar and relatively large molecules are efficiently incorporated by cells remains largely unanswered. In this paper, we present the synthesis and the chemical, photophysical and photochemical characterization of RuNO complexes functionalized with 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE), a semisynthetic steroidal hormone intended to act as a molecular Trojan horse for the targeted delivery of RuNO complexes. The discussion is centered around two main molecular targets, one containing EE (EE-Phtpy-RuNO) and a reference compound lacking this biological recognition fragment (Phtpy-RuNO). While both complexes displayed similar optical absorption profiles and NO˙ release efficiencies in aqueous media, important differences were found regarding their cellular uptake towards dermal fibroblasts, with EE-Phtpy-RuNO gratifyingly displaying a remarkable 10-fold increase in cellular uptake when compared to Phtpy-RuNO, thus demonstrating the potential drug-targeting capabilities of this biomimetic steroidal conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Labra-Vázquez
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077, Toulouse, France.
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Erika Rocha
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yue Xiao
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077, Toulouse, France.
| | - Marine Tassé
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077, Toulouse, France.
| | - Carine Duhayon
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077, Toulouse, France.
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laure Gibot
- Laboratoire Softmat, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse, III - Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Pascal G Lacroix
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077, Toulouse, France.
| | - Isabelle Malfant
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077, Toulouse, France.
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19
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Battipaglia C, Feliciello L, Genazzani AD, Facchinetti F, Grandi G. Combined oral contraceptive with estetrol plus drospirenone: from pharmacokinetics to clinical applications. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2023; 19:871-879. [PMID: 37942662 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2023.2279752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drospirenone/estetrol (DRSP/E4) is a combined oral contraceptive (COC) recently approved in several countries. It is composed of 15 mg of E4, a natural estrogen produced by human fetal liver throughout pregnancy, and 3 mg of DRSP, the first synthetic progestin used in oral contraception derived from 17-α-spirolactone. E4 and DRSP synergistically prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation. E4 differs from 17-β-estradiol or ethinylestradiol because it represents a native estrogen with selective action in tissues (NEST), therefore it displays both agonist and antagonist estrogenic effects in different tissues. AREAS COVERED In this paper, we reviewed the scientific literature published in English prior to April 2023 and gathered information on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of DRSP, E4 and their combination for contraception. We also proposed possible clinical applications based on the characteristics of the components of this COC. EXPERT OPINION E4/DRSP-based COC has shown high tolerability, safety and satisfaction and may represent a viable choice in young girls in need of oral contraception and pill users who suffer from high cholesterol, breast tenderness or water retention. Moreover, this new COC shows higher scheduled bleeding rate compared to other pills containing natural estrogens. All the data are reassuring, permitting long-term use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Battipaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Lia Feliciello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro D Genazzani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Facchinetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Grandi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Child and Adult, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico, Modena, Italy
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20
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Bell D, Waldron VJ, Brown PL. Quantitative and qualitative sex difference in habenula-induced inhibition of midbrain dopamine neurons in the rat. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1289407. [PMID: 38025387 PMCID: PMC10679542 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1289407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinically relevant sex differences have been noted in a number of affective, behavioral, cognitive, and neurological health disorders. Midbrain dopamine neurons are implicated in several of these same disorders and consequently are under investigation for their potential role in the manifestation of these sex differences. The lateral habenula exerts significant inhibitory control over dopamine neuronal firing, yet little is known about sex differences in this particular neurocircuit. Methods We performed in vivo, single unit, extracellular recordings of dopamine neurons in female and male anesthetized rats in response to single pulse stimulation of the lateral habenula. In addition, we assessed baseline firing properties of lateral habenula neurons and, by immunochemical means, assessed the distribution of estrogen receptor alpha cells in the lateral habenula. Results Habenula-induced inhibition of dopamine neuronal firing is reduced in female rats relative to male rats. In addition, male rats had a higher prevalence of rebound excitation. Furthermore, the firing pattern of lateral habenula neurons was less variable in female rats, and female rats had a higher density of estrogen receptor alpha positive cells in the lateral habenula. Discussion We found that the dopamine neuronal response to habenular stimulation is both qualitatively and quantitatively different in female and male rats. These novel findings together with reports in the contemporary literature lead us to posit that the sex difference in dopamine inhibition seen here relate to differential firing properties of lateral habenula neurons resulting from the presence of sex hormones. Further work is needed to test this hypothesis, which may have implications for understanding the etiology of several mental health disorders including depression, schizophrenia, and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P. Leon Brown
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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21
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Wong KY, Kong TH, Poon CCW, Yu W, Zhou L, Wong MS. Icariin, a phytoestrogen, exerts rapid estrogenic actions through crosstalk of estrogen receptors in osteoblasts. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4706-4721. [PMID: 37421324 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Icariin, a flavonoid glycoside derived from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, exerts bone protective effects via estrogen receptors (ERs). This study aimed to investigate the role of ER-α66, ER-α36, and GPER in bone metabolism in osteoblasts following treatment with icariin. Human osteoblastic MG-63 cells and osteoblast-specific ER-α66 knockout mice were employed. The ERs crosstalk in the estrogenic action of icariin was evaluated in ER-α66-negative human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells. Icariin, like E2, regulated ER-α36 and GPER protein expression in osteoblasts by downregulating them and upregulating ER-α66. ER-α36 and GPER suppressed the actions of icariin and E2 in bone metabolism. However, the in vivo administration of E2 (2 mg/kg/day) or icariin (300 mg/kg/day) restored bone conditions in KO osteoblasts. ER-α36 and GPER expression increased significantly and rapidly activated and translocated in KO osteoblasts after treatment with E2 or icariin. ER-α36 overexpression in KO osteoblasts further promoted the OPG/RANKL ratio induced by E2 or icariin treatment. This study showed icariin and E2 elicit rapid estrogenic responses in bone through recruiting ER-α66, ER-α36, and GPER. Notably, in osteoblasts lacking ER-α66, ER-α36, and GPER mediate the estrogenic effects of icariin and E2, while in intact osteoblasts, ER-α36 and GPER act as negative regulators of ER-α66.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ying Wong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tsz-Hung Kong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Christina Chui-Wa Poon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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22
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Jomard C, Gondin J. Influence of sexual dimorphism on satellite cell regulation and inflammatory response during skeletal muscle regeneration. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15798. [PMID: 37798097 PMCID: PMC10555529 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After injury, skeletal muscle regenerates thanks to the key role of satellite cells (SC). The regeneration process is supported and coordinated by other cell types among which immune cells. Among the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle regeneration, a sexual dimorphism, involving sex hormones and more particularly estrogens, has been suggested. However, the role of sexual dimorphism on skeletal muscle regeneration is not fully understood, likely to the use of various experimental settings in both animals and human. This review aims at addressing how sex and estrogens regulate both the SC and the inflammatory response during skeletal muscle regeneration by considering the different experimental designs used in both animal models (i.e., ovarian hormone deficiency, estrogen replacement or supplementation, treatments with estrogen receptors agonists/antagonists and models knockout for estrogen receptors) and human (hormone therapy replacement, pre vs. postmenopausal, menstrual cycle variation…).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Jomard
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), Université Claude Bernard LyonLyonFrance
| | - Julien Gondin
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (PGNM), Université Claude Bernard LyonLyonFrance
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23
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de Bournonville C, Lemoine P, Foidart JM, Arnal JF, Lenfant F, Cornil CA. Role of membrane estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the rapid regulation of male sexual behavior. J Neuroendocrinol 2023; 35:e13341. [PMID: 37806316 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The activation of male sexual behavior depends on brain estrogen synthesis. Estrogens act through nuclear and membrane receptors producing effects within hours/days or seconds/minutes, respectively. In mice, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is the main estrogen receptor (ER) controlling the activation of male sexual behavior. Although neuroestrogens rapidly modulate mouse sexual behavior, it is not known whether these effects involve membrane ERα (mERα). This study combines two complementary approaches to address this question. C451A-ERα mice carry an ERα that cannot signal at the membrane, while estetrol (E4) is a natural estrogen acting as an agonist on nuclear ERα but as an antagonist on membrane ERα. In wild-type males, E4 decreased the number of mounts and intromissions after 10 min. In C451A-ERα males, E4 also altered sexual performance but after 30 min. E4 did not affect time spent near the female in both wild-type and C451A-ERα mice. However, regardless of genotype, the aromatase inhibitor 1,4,6-Androstatriene-3,17-dione (ATD) decreased both sexual performance and the time spent near the female after 10 and 30 min, confirming the key role of aromatization in the rapid control of sexual behavior and motivation. In conclusion, the shift in timing at which the effect of E4 is observed in mice lacking mERα suggests a role for mERα in the regulation of rapid effects of neuroestrogens on sexual performance, thus providing the first demonstration that E4 acts as an antagonist of a mER in the brain. The persisting effect of ATD on behavior in C451A-ERα mice also suggests the implication of another ER.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philippine Lemoine
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Estetra SRL, an affiliate company of Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC) Equipe 4, Inserm U1297-UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC) Equipe 4, Inserm U1297-UPS, CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Charlotte A Cornil
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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24
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Arjmand S, Bender D, Jakobsen S, Wegener G, Landau AM. Peering into the Brain's Estrogen Receptors: PET Tracers for Visualization of Nuclear and Extranuclear Estrogen Receptors in Brain Disorders. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1405. [PMID: 37759805 PMCID: PMC10526964 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) play a multitude of roles in brain function and are implicated in various brain disorders. The use of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers for the visualization of ERs' intricate landscape has shown promise in oncology but remains limited in the context of brain disorders. Despite recent progress in the identification and development of more selective ligands for various ERs subtypes, further optimization is necessary to enable the reliable and efficient imaging of these receptors. In this perspective, we briefly touch upon the significance of estrogen signaling in the brain and raise the setbacks associated with the development of PET tracers for identification of specific ERs subtypes in the brain. We then propose avenues for developing efficient PET tracers to non-invasively study the dynamics of ERs in the brain, as well as neuropsychiatric diseases associated with their malfunction in a longitudinal manner. This perspective puts several potential candidates on the table and highlights the unmet needs and areas requiring further research to unlock the full potential of PET tracers for ERs imaging, ultimately aiding in deepening our understanding of ERs and forging new avenues for potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Arjmand
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (D.B.); (S.J.)
| | - Dirk Bender
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (D.B.); (S.J.)
| | - Steen Jakobsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (D.B.); (S.J.)
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Anne M. Landau
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (D.B.); (S.J.)
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25
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Sun T, Wang M, Liang W, Gao P, Liu Q, Yan X. Revealing mechanism of Methazolamide for treatment of ankylosing spondylitis based on network pharmacology and GSEA. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15370. [PMID: 37717047 PMCID: PMC10505193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Methazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with satisfactory safety. Our previous studies have demonstrated the elevation of CA1 expression and the therapeutic effect of Methazolamide in Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In this study, we explored the pathogenic role of CA1 and the pharmacological mechanism of Methazolamide in AS through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and network pharmacology. Seven out of twelve CA1 related gene sets were enriched in AS group. CA1 was core enriched in above seven gene sets involving zinc ion binding, arylesterase activity and one carbon metabolic process. Functional analysis of the candidate target genes obtained from the intersection of AS associated genes and Methazolamide target genes indicated that Methazolamide exerts therapeutic effects on AS mainly through inflammatory pathways which regulate the production of tumor necrosis factor, IL-6 and nitric oxide. PTGS2, ESR1, GSK3β, JAK2, NOS2 and CA1 were selected as therapeutic targets of Methazolamide in AS. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed successfully. In addition, we innovatively obtained the intersection of Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses and GSEA results, and found that 18 GO terms and 5 KEGG terms were indicated in the pharmacological mechanism of Methazolamide in AS, involving bone mineralization, angiogenesis, inflammation, and chemokine signaling pathways. Nevertheless, validation for these mechanisms is needed in vivo/vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Manzhi Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weiqiang Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinfeng Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.
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26
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Zhu J, Zhou Y, Jin B, Shu J. Role of estrogen in the regulation of central and peripheral energy homeostasis: from a menopausal perspective. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2023; 14:20420188231199359. [PMID: 37719789 PMCID: PMC10504839 DOI: 10.1177/20420188231199359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen plays a prominent role in regulating and coordinating energy homeostasis throughout the growth, development, reproduction, and aging of women. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are widely expressed in the brain and nearly all tissues of the body. Within the brain, central estrogen via ER regulates appetite and energy expenditure and maintains cell glucose metabolism, including glucose transport, aerobic glycolysis, and mitochondrial function. In the whole body, estrogen has shown beneficial effects on weight control, fat distribution, glucose and insulin resistance, and adipokine secretion. As demonstrated by multiple in vitro and in vivo studies, menopause-related decline of circulating estrogen may induce the disturbance of metabolic signals and a significant decrease in bioenergetics, which could trigger an increased incidence of late-onset Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women. In this article, we have systematically reviewed the role of estrogen and ERs in body composition and lipid/glucose profile variation occurring with menopause, which may provide a better insight into the efficacy of hormone therapy in maintaining energy metabolic homeostasis and hold a clue for development of novel therapeutic approaches for target tissue diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yier Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bihui Jin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Shu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
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27
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Nelson AL. Drospirenone and estetrol: evaluation of a newly approved novel oral contraceptive. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:1757-1764. [PMID: 37691580 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2247979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Estetrol (E4) is a native estrogen produced only by the fetal liver during pregnancy. E4 is the first new estrogen to be used in hormonal contraception since the introduction of oral contraceptives in 1960. Ethinyl estradiol, the most commonly used estrogen in oral contraceptives today, increases the risks of thromboembolism and has other significant hepatic impacts, which induce important drug-drug interactions. On the other hand, Phase 2 E4 characterization studies demonstrated that E4 has negligible impacts on liver, breast, and vascular endothelium due to its distinct tissue selectivity. Combined with drospirenone (DRSP), E4 offers an improved safety profile for oral contraception. AREAS COVERED This paper briefly highlights the unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of E4. The efficacy, safety, and tolerability results from the Phase 2 and 3 studies of the E4/DRSP pill are discussed to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of E4 and information to use when counseling potential users. EXPERT OPINION The estetrol/drospirenone oral contraceptive is effective and well tolerated and provides good cycle control. In the future, estetrol may be the estrogen of choice if subsequent evidence verifies that it reduces the risks associated with current estrogens, such as venous thromboembolism and drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita L Nelson
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
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28
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Lazaro CM, Victorio JA, Davel AP, Oliveira HCF. CETP expression ameliorates endothelial function in female mice through estrogen receptor-α and endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H592-H600. [PMID: 37539470 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00365.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is an early manifestation of atherosclerosis. The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) has been considered proatherogenic by reducing plasma HDL levels. However, CETP may exhibit cell- or tissue-specific effects. We have previously reported that male mice expressing the human CETP gene show impaired endothelium-mediated vascular relaxation associated with oxidative stress. Although sexual dimorphisms on the metabolic role of CETP have been proposed, possible sex differences in the vascular effects of CETP were not previously studied. Thus, here we investigated the endothelial function of female CETP transgenic mice as compared with nontransgenic controls (NTg). Aortas from CETP females presented preserved endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine and an endothelium-dependent reduction of phenylephrine-induced contraction. eNOS phosphorylation (Ser1177) and calcium-induced NO levels were enhanced, whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NOX2 and SOD2 expression were reduced in the CETP female aortas. Furthermore, CETP females exhibited increased aortic relaxation to 17β-estradiol (E2) and upregulation of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and caveolin-1, proteins that stabilize estrogen receptor (ER) in the caveolae. Indeed, CETP females showed an increased E2-induced relaxation in a manner sensitive to estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and HSP90 inhibitors methylpiperidinopyrazole (MPP) and geldanamycin, respectively. MPP also impaired the relaxation response to acetylcholine in CETP but not in NTg females. Altogether, the study indicates that CETP expression ameliorates the anticontractile endothelial effect and relaxation to E2 in females. This was associated with less ROS production, and increased eNOS-NO and E2-ERα pathways. These results highlight the need for considering the sex-specific effects of CETP on cardiovascular risk.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we demonstrated that CETP expression has a sex-specific impact on the endothelium function. Contrary to what was described for males, CETP-expressing females present preserved endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine and improved relaxation response to 17β-estradiol. This was associated with less ROS production, increased eNOS-derived NO, and increased expression of proteins that stabilize estrogen receptor-α (ERα), thus increasing E2-ERα signaling sensitivity. These results highlight the need for considering the sex-specific effects of CETP on cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Lazaro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jamaira A Victorio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Helena C F Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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29
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Boueid MJ, El-Hage O, Schumacher M, Degerny C, Tawk M. Zebrafish as an emerging model to study estrogen receptors in neural development. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1240018. [PMID: 37664862 PMCID: PMC10469878 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1240018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens induce several regulatory signals in the nervous system that are mainly mediated through estrogen receptors (ERs). ERs are largely expressed in the nervous system, yet the importance of ERs to neural development has only been elucidated over the last decades. Accumulating evidence shows a fundamental role for estrogens in the development of the central and peripheral nervous systems, hence, the contribution of ERs to neural function is now a growing area of research. The conservation of the structure of the ERs and their response to estrogens make the zebrafish an interesting model to dissect the role of estrogens in the nervous system. In this review, we highlight major findings of ER signaling in embryonic zebrafish neural development and compare the similarities and differences to research in rodents. We also discuss how the recent generation of zebrafish ER mutants, coupled with the availability of several transgenic reporter lines, its amenability to pharmacological studies and in vivo live imaging, could help us explore ER function in embryonic neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marcel Tawk
- *Correspondence: Cindy Degerny, ; Marcel Tawk,
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30
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Corsaro L, Gambino VS. Notch, SUMOylation, and ESR-Mediated Signalling Are the Main Molecular Pathways Showing Significantly Different Epimutation Scores between Expressing or Not Oestrogen Receptor Breast Cancer in Three Public EWAS Datasets. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4109. [PMID: 37627137 PMCID: PMC10452656 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oestrogen receptor expression in breast cancer (BC) cells is a marker of high cellular differentiation and allows the identification of two BC groups (ER-positive and ER-negative) that, although not completely homogeneous, differ in biological characteristics, clinical behaviour, and therapeutic options. The study, based on three publicly available EWAS (Epigenetic Wide Association Study) datasets, focuses on the comparison between these two groups of breast cancer using an epimutation score. The score is calculated not only based on the presence of the epimutation, but also on the deviation amplitude of the methylation outlier value. For each dataset, we performed a functional analysis based first on the functional gene region of each annotated gene (we aggregated the data per gene region TSS1500, TSS200, first-exon, and body-gene identified by the information from the Illumina Data Sheet), and then, we performed a pathway enrichment analysis through the REACTOME database based on the genes with the highest epimutation score. Thus, we blended our results and found common pathways for all three datasets. We found that a higher and significant epimutation score due to hypermethylation in ER-positive BC is present in the promoter region of the genes belonging to the SUMOylation pathway, the Notch pathway, the IFN-γ signalling pathway, and the deubiquitination protease pathway, while a higher and significant level of epimutation due to hypomethylation in ER-positive BC is present in the promoter region of the genes belonging to the ESR-mediated pathway. The presence of this state of promoter hypomethylation in the ESR-mediated signalling genes is consistent and coherent with an active signalling pathway mediated by oestrogen function in the group of ER-positive BC. The SUMOylation and Notch pathways are associated with BC pathogenesis and have been found to play distinct roles in the two BC subgroups. We speculated that the altered methylation profile may play a role in regulating signalling pathways with specific functions in the two subgroups of ER BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Corsaro
- Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Università di Pavia, 20100 Milan, Italy
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31
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Pegram M, Pietras R, Dang CT, Murthy R, Bachelot T, Janni W, Sharma P, Hamilton E, Saura C. Evolving perspectives on the treatment of HR+/HER2+ metastatic breast cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231187201. [PMID: 37576607 PMCID: PMC10422890 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231187201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) with expression of the estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) protein and with overexpression/amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), termed hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2+ BC, represents ∼10% of all BCs in the United States. HR+/HER2+ BC includes HER2+ BCs that are ER+, PR+, or both ER+ and PR+ (triple-positive BC). Although the current guideline-recommended treatment combination of anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy is an effective first-line therapy for many patients with HER2+ advanced disease, intratumoral heterogeneity within the HR+/HER2+ subtype and differences between the HR+/HER2+ subtype and the HR-/HER2+ subtype suggest that other targeted combinations could be investigated in randomized clinical trials for patients with HR+/HER2+ BC. In addition, published data indicate that crosstalk between HRs and HER2 can lead to treatment resistance. Dual HR and HER2 pathway targeting has been shown to be a rational approach to effective and well-tolerated therapy for patients with tumors driven by HER2 and HR, as it may prevent development of resistance by blocking receptor pathway crosstalk. However, clinical trial data for such approaches are limited. Treatments to attenuate other signaling pathways involved in receptor crosstalk are also under investigation for inclusion in dual receptor targeting regimens. These include cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, based on the rationale that association of CDK4/6 with cyclin D1 may play a role in resistance to HER2-directed therapies, and others such as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway inhibitors. Herein, we will review the scientific and clinical rationale for combined receptor blockade targeting HER2 and ER for patients with advanced-stage HR+/HER2+ disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Pegram
- Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Lorry Lokey Building/SIM 1, 265 Campus Drive, Ste G2103, Stanford, CA 94305-5456, USA
| | - Richard Pietras
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chau T. Dang
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rashmi Murthy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Bachelot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Erika Hamilton
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cristina Saura
- Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Medical Oncology Service, Barcelona, Spain
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Zhao Z, Yang LL, Wang QL, Du JF, Zheng ZG, Jiang Y, Li P, Li HJ. Baohuoside I inhibits FXR signaling pathway to interfere with bile acid homeostasis via targeting ER α degradation. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1215-1235. [PMID: 35802278 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epimedii folium (EF) is an effective herbal medicine in osteoporosis treatment, but the clinical utilization of EF has been limited due to potential hepatotoxicity. The previous studies identified that baohuoside I (BI), the main active component of EF, was relevant to EF-induced liver injury. However, the mechanisms of BI causing direct injury to hepatocytes remain unclear. Here, we reveal that BI inhibits FXR-mediated signaling pathway via targeting estrogen receptor α (ER α), leading to the accumulation of bile acids (BAs). Targeted bile acid analyses show BI alters the BA composition and distribution, resulting in impaired BA homeostasis. Mechanistically, BI induces FXR-dependent hepatotoxicity at transcriptional level. Additionally, ER α is predicted to bind to the FXR promoter region based on transcription factor binding sites databases and we further demonstrate that ER α positively regulates FXR promoter activity and affects the expression of target genes involved in BA metabolism. Importantly, we discover that ER α and its mediated FXR transcription regulation might be involved in BI-induced liver injury via ligand-dependent ER α degradation. Collectively, our findings indicate that FXR is a newly discovered target gene of ER α mediated BI-induced liver injury, and suggest BI may be responsible for EF-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lu-Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qiao-Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jin-Fa Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zu-Guo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Fabre A, Tramunt B, Montagner A, Mouly C, Riant E, Calmy ML, Adlanmerini M, Fontaine C, Burcelin R, Lenfant F, Arnal JF, Gourdy P. Membrane estrogen receptor-α contributes to female protection against high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1215947. [PMID: 37529599 PMCID: PMC10390233 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1215947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) is a significant modulator of energy balance and lipid/glucose metabolisms. Beyond the classical nuclear actions of the receptor, rapid activation of intracellular signaling pathways is mediated by a sub-fraction of ERα localized to the plasma membrane, known as Membrane Initiated Steroid Signaling (MISS). However, whether membrane ERα is involved in the protective metabolic actions of endogenous estrogens in conditions of nutritional challenge, and thus contributes to sex differences in the susceptibility to metabolic diseases, remains to be clarified. Methods Male and female C451A-ERα mice, harboring a point mutation which results in the abolition of membrane localization and MISS-related effects of the receptor, and their wild-type littermates (WT-ERα) were maintained on a normal chow diet (NCD) or fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Body weight gain, body composition and glucose tolerance were monitored. Insulin sensitivity and energy balance regulation were further investigated in HFD-fed female mice. Results C451A-ERα genotype had no influence on body weight gain, adipose tissue accumulation and glucose tolerance in NCD-fed mice of both sexes followed up to 7 months of age, nor male mice fed a HFD for 12 weeks. In contrast, compared to WT-ERα littermates, HFD-fed C451A-ERα female mice exhibited: 1) accelerated fat mass accumulation, liver steatosis and impaired glucose tolerance; 2) whole-body insulin resistance, assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, and altered insulin-induced signaling in skeletal muscle and liver; 3) significant decrease in energy expenditure associated with histological and functional abnormalities of brown adipose tissue and a defect in thermogenesis regulation in response to cold exposure. Conclusion Besides the well-characterized role of ERα nuclear actions, membrane-initiated ERα extra-nuclear signaling contributes to female, but not to male, protection against HFD-induced obesity and associated metabolic disorders in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Fabre
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Tramunt
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
- Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Mouly
- Service d’Endocrinologie et Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Riant
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Lou Calmy
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Marine Adlanmerini
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémy Burcelin
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)/Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
- Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Komarla A, Dufresne S, Towers CG. Recent Advances in the Role of Autophagy in Endocrine-Dependent Tumors. Endocr Rev 2023; 44:629-646. [PMID: 36631217 PMCID: PMC10335171 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a complex role in several cancer types, including endocrine-dependent cancers, by fueling cellular metabolism and clearing damaged substrates. This conserved recycling process has a dual function across tumor types where it can be tumor suppressive at early stages but tumor promotional in established disease. This review highlights the controversial roles of autophagy in endocrine-dependent tumors regarding cancer initiation, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and treatment response. We summarize clinical trial results thus far and highlight the need for additional mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical studies in endocrine-dependent tumors, particularly in breast cancer and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anvita Komarla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- The Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Suzanne Dufresne
- The Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christina G Towers
- The Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Davezac M, Meneur C, Buscato M, Zahreddine R, Arnal JF, Dalenc F, Lenfant F, Fontaine C. The beneficial effects of tamoxifen on arteries: a key player for cardiovascular health of breast cancer patient. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115677. [PMID: 37419371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Over the past few decades, advances in cancer detection and treatment have significantly improved survival rate of breast cancer patients. However, due to the cardiovascular toxicity of cancer treatments (chemotherapy, anti-HER2 antibodies and radiotherapy), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have become an increasingly important cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in breast cancer survivors. Endocrine therapies are prescribed to reduce the risk of recurrence and specific death in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) early breast cancer patients, but their impact on CVD is a matter of debate. Whereas aromatase inhibitors and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs inhibit estrogen synthesis, tamoxifen acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), opposing estrogen action in the breast but mimicking their actions in other tissues, including arteries. This review aims to summarize the main clinical and experimental studies reporting the effects of tamoxifen on CVD. In addition, we will discuss how recent findings on the mechanisms of action of these therapies may contribute to a better understanding and anticipation of CVD risk in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Davezac
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Cecile Meneur
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France; PhysioStim, 10 rue Henri Regnault, 81100, Castres, France
| | - Melissa Buscato
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Rana Zahreddine
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France; CREFRE-Anexplo, Service de Microchirurgie Experimentale, UMS006, INSERM, Université de Toulouse, UT3, ENVT, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Dalenc
- Department of Medical Oncology, Claudius Regaud Institute, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
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Sato K, Takayama KI, Inoue S. Expression and function of estrogen receptors and estrogen-related receptors in the brain and their association with Alzheimer's disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1220150. [PMID: 37469978 PMCID: PMC10352578 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1220150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
While estrogens are well known for their pivotal role in the female reproductive system, they also play a crucial function in regulating physiological processes associated with learning and memory in the brain. Moreover, they have neuroprotective effects in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Importantly, AD has a higher incidence in older and postmenopausal women than in men, and estrogen treatment might reduce the risk of AD in these women. In general, estrogens bind to and activate estrogen receptors (ERs)-mediated transcriptional machineries, and also stimulate signal transduction through membrane ERs (mERs). Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), which share homologous sequences with ERs but lack estrogen-binding capabilities, are widely and highly expressed in the human brain and have also been implicated in AD pathogenesis. In this review, we primarily provide a summary of ER and ERR expression patterns in the human brain. In addition, we summarize recent studies on their role in learning and memory. We then review and discuss research that has elucidated the functions and importance of ERs and ERRs in AD pathogenesis, including their role in Aβ clearance and the reduction of phosphorylated tau levels. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying ER- and ERR-mediated transcriptional machineries and their functions in healthy and diseased brains would provide new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of AD. Furthermore, exploring the potential role of estrogens and their receptors, ERs, in AD will facilitate a better understanding of the sex differences observed in AD, and lead to novel sex-specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Sato
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology (TMIG), Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Research Initiative for Living Well with Dementia (IRIDE), TMIG, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Takayama
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology (TMIG), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology (TMIG), Tokyo, Japan
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Isola JVV, Ko S, Ocañas SR, Stout MB. Role of Estrogen Receptor α in Aging and Chronic Disease. ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2023; 5:e230005. [PMID: 37425648 PMCID: PMC10327608 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20230005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays a crucial role in reproductive function in both sexes. It also mediates cellular responses to estrogens in multiple nonreproductive organ systems, many of which regulate systemic metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory processes in mammals. The loss of estrogens and/or ERα agonism during aging is associated with the emergence of several comorbid conditions, particularly in females undergoing the menopausal transition. Emerging data also suggests that male mammals likely benefit from ERα agonism if done in a way that circumvents feminizing characteristics. This has led us, and others, to speculate that tissue-specific ERα agonism may hold therapeutic potential for curtailing aging and chronic disease burden in males and females that are at high-risk of cancer and/or cardiovascular events with traditional estrogen replacement therapies. In this mini-review, we emphasize the role of ERα in the brain and liver, summarizing recent evidence that indicates these two organs systems mediate the beneficial effects of estrogens on metabolism and inflammation during aging. We also discuss how 17α-estradiol administration elicits health benefits in an ERα-dependent manner, which provides proof-of-concept that ERα may be a druggable target for attenuating aging and age-related disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- José V. V. Isola
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sunghwan Ko
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sarah R. Ocañas
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Michael B. Stout
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Jiang Y, Horkeby K, Henning P, Wu J, Lawenius L, Engdahl C, Gupta P, Movérare-Skrtic S, Nilsson KH, Levin E, Ohlsson C, Lagerquist MK. Membrane estrogen receptor α signaling modulates the sensitivity to estradiol treatment in a dose- and tissue- dependent manner. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9046. [PMID: 37270592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) affects both reproductive and non-reproductive tissues, and the sensitivity to different doses of E2 varies between tissues. Membrane estrogen receptor α (mERα)-initiated signaling plays a tissue-specific role in mediating E2 effects, however, it is unclear if mERα signaling modulates E2 sensitivity. To determine this, we treated ovariectomized C451A females, lacking mERα signaling, and wildtype (WT) littermates with physiological (0.05 μg/mouse/day (low); 0.6 μg/mouse/day (medium)) or supraphysiological (6 μg/mouse/day (high)) doses of E2 (17β-estradiol-3-benzoate) for three weeks. Low-dose treatment increased uterus weight in WT, but not C451A mice, while non-reproductive tissues (gonadal fat, thymus, trabecular and cortical bone) were unaffected in both genotypes. Medium-dose treatment increased uterus weight and bone mass and decreased thymus and gonadal fat weights in WT mice. Uterus weight was also increased in C451A mice, but the response was significantly attenuated (- 85%) compared to WT mice, and no effects were triggered in non-reproductive tissues. High-dose treatment effects in thymus and trabecular bone were significantly blunted (- 34% and - 64%, respectively) in C451A compared to WT mice, and responses in cortical bone and gonadal fat were similar between genotypes. Interestingly, the high dose effect in uterus was enhanced (+ 26%) in C451A compared to WT mice. In conclusion, loss of mERα signaling reduces the sensitivity to physiological E2 treatment in both non-reproductive tissues and uterus. Furthermore, the E2 effect after high-dose treatment in uterus is enhanced in the absence of mERα, suggesting a protective effect of mERα signaling in this tissue against supraphysiological E2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Jiang
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Karin Horkeby
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Petra Henning
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jianyao Wu
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lina Lawenius
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engdahl
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Priti Gupta
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare-Skrtic
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Karin H Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ellis Levin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 90822, USA
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie K Lagerquist
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Vita Stråket 11, S-413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
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Nel J, Elkhoury K, Velot É, Bianchi A, Acherar S, Francius G, Tamayol A, Grandemange S, Arab-Tehrany E. Functionalized liposomes for targeted breast cancer drug delivery. Bioact Mater 2023; 24:401-437. [PMID: 36632508 PMCID: PMC9812688 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the exceptional progress in breast cancer pathogenesis, prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment strategies, it remains a prominent cause of female mortality worldwide. Additionally, although chemotherapies are effective, they are associated with critical limitations, most notably their lack of specificity resulting in systemic toxicity and the eventual development of multi-drug resistance (MDR) cancer cells. Liposomes have proven to be an invaluable drug delivery system but of the multitudes of liposomal systems developed every year only a few have been approved for clinical use, none of which employ active targeting. In this review, we summarize the most recent strategies in development for actively targeted liposomal drug delivery systems for surface, transmembrane and internal cell receptors, enzymes, direct cell targeting and dual-targeting of breast cancer and breast cancer-associated cells, e.g., cancer stem cells, cells associated with the tumor microenvironment, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janske Nel
- Université de Lorraine, LIBio, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Émilie Velot
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Arnaud Bianchi
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Samir Acherar
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
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Somsen BA, Sijbesma E, Leysen S, Honzejkova K, Visser EJ, Cossar PJ, Obšil T, Brunsveld L, Ottmann C. Molecular basis and dual ligand regulation of tetrameric Estrogen Receptor α/14-3-3ζ protein complex. J Biol Chem 2023:104855. [PMID: 37224961 PMCID: PMC10302166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies targeting Nuclear Receptors (NRs) beyond their endogenous ligand binding pocket have gained significant scientific interest, driven by a need to circumvent problems associated with drug resistance and pharmacological profile. The hub protein 14-3-3 is an endogenous regulator of various NRs, providing a novel entry point for small molecule modulation of NR activity. Exemplified, 14-3-3 binding to the C-terminal F-domain of the Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα), and small molecule stabilization of the ERα/14-3-3ζ protein complex by the natural product Fusicoccin A (FC-A), was demonstrated to downregulate ERα-mediated breast cancer proliferation. This presents a novel drug discovery approach to target ERα, however, structural and mechanistic insights into ERα/14-3-3 complex formation are lacking. Here, we provide an in-depth molecular understanding of the ERα/14-3-3ζ complex by isolating 14-3-3ζ in complex with an ERα protein construct comprising its Ligand Binding Domain (LBD) and phosphorylated F-domain. Bacterial co-expression and co-purification of the ERα/14-3-3ζ complex, followed by extensive biophysical and structural characterization, revealed a tetrameric complex between the ERα homodimer and the 14-3-3ζ homodimer. 14-3-3ζ binding to ERα, and ERα/14-3-3ζ complex stabilization by FC-A, appeared to be orthogonal to ERα endogenous agonist (E2) binding, E2-induced conformational changes, and cofactor recruitment. Similarly, the ERα antagonist 4-hydroxytamoxifen inhibited cofactor recruitment to the ERα LBD while ERα was bound to 14-3-3ζ. Furthermore, stabilization of the ERα/14-3-3ζ protein complex by FC-A was not influenced by the disease-associated and 4-hydroxytamoxifen resistant ERα-Y537S mutant. Together, these molecular and mechanistic insights provide direction for targeting ERα via the ERα/14-3-3 complex as an alternative drug discovery approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente A Somsen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Eline Sijbesma
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Seppe Leysen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Karolina Honzejkova
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Emira J Visser
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Cossar
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tomáš Obšil
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Christian Ottmann
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Gaspard U, Taziaux M, Jost M, Coelingh Bennink HJ, Utian WH, Lobo RA, Foidart JM. A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study to select the minimum effective dose of estetrol in postmenopausal participants (E4Relief): part 2-vaginal cytology, genitourinary syndrome of menopause, and health-related quality of life. Menopause 2023; 30:480-489. [PMID: 36809193 PMCID: PMC10155698 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A phase 2 study showed that 15 mg estetrol (E4) alleviates vasomotor symptoms (VMS). Here, we present the effects of E4 15 mg on vaginal cytology, genitourinary syndrome of menopause, and health-related quality of life. METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, postmenopausal participants (n = 257, 40-65 y) were randomized to receive E4 2.5, 5, 10, or 15 mg or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. Outcomes were the vaginal maturation index and maturation value, genitourinary syndrome of menopause score, and the Menopause Rating Scale to assess health-related quality of life. We focused on E4 15 mg, the dose studied in ongoing phase 3 trials, and tested its effect versus placebo at 12 weeks using analysis of covariance. RESULTS Least square (LS) mean percentages of parabasal and intermediate cells decreased, whereas superficial cells increased across E4 doses; for E4 15 mg, the respective changes were -10.81% ( P = 0.0017), -20.96% ( P = 0.0037), and +34.17% ( P < 0.0001). E4 15 mg decreased LS mean intensity score for vaginal dryness and dyspareunia (-0.40, P = 0.03, and -0.47, P = 0.0006, respectively); symptom reporting decreased by 41% and 50%, respectively, and shifted to milder intensity categories. The overall Menopause Rating Scale score decreased with E4 15 mg (LS mean, -3.1; P = 0.069) and across doses was associated with a decreasing frequency and severity of VMS ( r = 0.34 and r = 0.31, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS E4 demonstrated estrogenic effects in the vagina and decreased signs of atrophy. E4 15 mg is a promising treatment option also for important menopausal symptoms other than VMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulysse Gaspard
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Maud Jost
- Estetra SRL, Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Wulf H. Utian
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Estetra SRL, Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Liège, Belgium
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Artificial intelligence-based HDX (AI-HDX) prediction reveals fundamental characteristics to protein dynamics: Mechanisms on SARS-CoV-2 immune escape. iScience 2023; 26:106282. [PMID: 36910327 PMCID: PMC9968663 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional structure and dynamics are essential for protein function. Advancements in hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) techniques enable probing protein dynamic information in physiologically relevant conditions. HDX-coupled mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) has been broadly applied in pharmaceutical industries. However, it is challenging to obtain dynamics information at the single amino acid resolution and time consuming to perform the experiments and process the data. Here, we demonstrate the first deep learning model, artificial intelligence-based HDX (AI-HDX), that predicts intrinsic protein dynamics based on the protein sequence. It uncovers the protein structural dynamics by combining deep learning, experimental HDX, sequence alignment, and protein structure prediction. AI-HDX can be broadly applied to drug discovery, protein engineering, and biomedical studies. As a demonstration, we elucidated receptor-binding domain structural dynamics as a potential mechanism of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody efficacy and immune escape. AI-HDX fundamentally differs from the current AI tools for protein analysis and may transform protein design for various applications.
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Mazid S, Waters EM, Lopez-Lee C, Poultan Kamakura R, Rubin BR, Levin ER, McEwen BS, Milner TA. Both Nuclear and Membrane Estrogen Receptor Alpha Impact the Expression of Estrogen Receptors and Plasticity Markers in the Mouse Hypothalamus and Hippocampus. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:632. [PMID: 37106832 PMCID: PMC10135777 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) genomic and nongenomic signaling can influence plasticity processes in numerous brain regions. Using mice that express nuclear only ERα (NOER) or membrane only ERα (MOER), this study examined the effect of receptor compartmentalization on the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and the hippocampus. The absence of nuclear and membrane ERα expression impacted females but not males in these two brain areas. In the PVN, quantitative immunohistochemistry showed that the absence of nuclear ERα increased nuclear ERβ. Moreover, in the hippocampus CA1, immuno-electron microscopy revealed that the absence of either nuclear or membrane ERα decreased extranuclear ERα and pTrkB in synapses. In contrast, in the dentate gyrus, the absence of nuclear ERα increased pTrkB in synapses, whereas the absence of membrane ERα decreased pTrkB in axons. However, the absence of membrane only ERα decreased the sprouting of mossy fibers in CA3 as reflected by changes in zinc transporter immunolabeling. Altogether these findings support the idea that both membrane and nuclear ERα contribute overlapping and unique actions of estrogen that are tissue- and cellular-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanoara Mazid
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Waters
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chloe Lopez-Lee
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Renata Poultan Kamakura
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Batsheva R. Rubin
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ellis R. Levin
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA
| | - Bruce S. McEwen
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Teresa A. Milner
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 407 East 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Yang H, Narayan S, Schmidt MV. From Ligands to Behavioral Outcomes: Understanding the Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Brain Function. Stress 2023; 26:2204366. [PMID: 37067948 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2023.2204366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is a normal response to situational pressures or demands. Exposure to stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and leads to the release of corticosteroids, which act in the brain via two distinct receptors: mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR). Persistent HPA axis overactivation or dysregulation can disrupt an individual's homeostasis, thereby contributing to an increased risk for mental illness. On the other hand, successful coping with stressful events involves adaptive and cognitive processes in the brain that render individuals more resilient to similar stressors in the future. Here we review the role of the MR in these processes, starting with an overview of the physiological structure, ligand binding, and expression of MR, and further summarizing its role in the brain, its relevance to psychiatric disorders, and related rodent studies. Given the central role of MR in cognitive and emotional functioning, and its importance as a target for promoting resilience, future research should investigate how MR modulation can be used to alleviate disturbances in emotion and behavior, as well as cognitive impairment, in patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanqing Yang
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Sowmya Narayan
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- Department Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
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Tskitishvili E, Palazzo C, Foidart JM, Piel G, Pequeux C. Use of Liposome-encapsulated estetrol for treatment of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic encephalopathy. Brain Res 2023; 1809:148369. [PMID: 37061081 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Estetrol (E4) is a natural estrogen synthesized only during pregnancy. It has strong neuroprotective and antioxidative activities. The aim of the present study was to define the neuroprotective potency of E4 encapsulated either in liposome (Lipo-E4) or in drug-in cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in liposome (DCL) system, and compare them with a single use of E4. In vitro studies were performed in an oxidative stress model of primary hippocampal neuronal cell cultures, followed by the lactate dehydrogenase activity and cell proliferation assays. In vivo studies were conducted by using a model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in immature rat pups. Brain samples were studied by (immuno)histochemistry for the detection of survived cells, expression of microtubule-associated protein-2, myelin basic protein, doublecortin and vascular-endothelial growth factor. Concentrations of glial fibrillary acidic protein in blood serum were studied by ELISA. In vitro, cell proliferation was significantly up-regulated in cultures treated either by DCL-E4 or E4 compared to the control cells, whereas DCL-E4 treated cells had significantly higher survival rate than the cells treated by E4 alone. Evaluation of brain samples showed that DCL-E4 and a high dose of E4 alone significantly preserve the grey and the white matter loses, and diminish GFAP expression in blood. Although DCL-E4 and E4 have similar effect on neurogenesis in the hippocampus and the cortex, DCL-E4 treatment significantly up-regulates angiogenesis in the hippocampus compared to a single use of E4. Present work reveals for the first time that liposome-encapsulated E4 might be a better alternative to a single use of E4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterine Tskitishvili
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Tumors, GIGA-Cancer, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Belgium.
| | - Claudio Palazzo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Tumors, GIGA-Cancer, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Géraldine Piel
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, CIRM, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Christel Pequeux
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Tumors, GIGA-Cancer, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, Belgium
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17α-ethinylestradiol modulates endothelial function in ovariectomized rat carotid arteries. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 944:175525. [PMID: 36740036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), a derivative of 17β-estradiol (E2), is a potent estrogenic substance that is used as the estrogenic component of oral contraceptives (OCPs). However, women who take OCPs have an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Since few studies have examined EE2 endothelial effects, we explored the effects of EE2 on endothelial function in ovariectomized and isoflavone-free rats. After ovariectomy, 12-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to EE2, E2 or control groups. After 16 weeks, the EE2 and E2 groups were orally administered EE2 (8.3 μg/day) and E2 (12.6 μg/day) for 4 weeks, respectively. At 18 weeks, endothelial denudation of the left common carotid arteries was performed, and they were harvested at 20 weeks. The rats in the EE2 and E2 groups exhibited significantly decreased body weights and significantly increased uterine weights, respectively, but no differences were observed between the EE2 and E2 groups. The EE2 and E2 groups showed significantly enhanced acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation, with apamin plus charybdotoxin inhibiting only the EE2 group. Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase expression was significantly higher in the EE2 group than in the control, but lower than in the E2 group. The intima-to-media ratio of denuded arteries was significantly lower in the E2 group than in the other groups, suggesting that NO decreased in the EE2 group compared to the E2 group. We conclude that EE2 has a weaker ability than E2 to produce NO and, for the first time, we demonstrate the ability of EE2 to enhance the activity of endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor.
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Li Z, Wang Y, Wang Z, Kong L, Liu L, Li L, Tang Y. Estradiol and raloxifene as adjunctive treatment for women with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 147:360-372. [PMID: 36585771 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of all available trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators as adjunctive treatment for women with schizophrenia. METHODS Multiple databases were searched from the inception until March 2022. Only randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (randomized controlled trials) were included. Mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random effects models. RESULTS The meta-analysis included six estradiol versus placebo studies (n = 724) and seven raloxifene versus placebo studies (n = 419), covering a total of 1143 patients. Adjunctive estradiol outperformed the placebo in terms of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score (MD = -7.29; 95% CI = -10.67 to -3.91; I2 = 59.1%; p < 0.001; k = 9; N = 858), positive symptom score (MD = -1.54; 95% CI = -3.04 to -0.72; I2 = 45.8%; p < 0.001; k = 7; N = 624), negative symptom score (MD = -1.9; 95% CI = -1.77 to -0.34; I2 = 37.6%; p < 0.05; k = 14; N = 1042), and general psychopathology score (MD = -4.27; 95% CI = -7.14 to -1.41; I2 = 76.3%; p < 0.005; k = 7; N = 624). Adjunctive raloxifene outperformed the placebo in terms of the PANSS total score (MD = -6.83; 95% CI = -11.69 to -1.97; I2 = 67.8%; p = 0.006; k = 8; N = 432) and general psychopathology score (MD = -3.82; 95% CI = -6.36 to -1.28; I2 = 65.3%; p < 0.005; k = 8; N = 432). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis showed that estradiol and raloxifene are effective and safe adjunctive treatments that improve schizophrenia symptoms in women. Moreover, the effects of estradiol and raloxifene differed in terms of timing and dosage. Both are promising adjunctive treatments that merit further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingtao Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linzi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Li
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Lenert ME, Burton MD. Sensory neuron LKB1 mediates ovarian and reproductive function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.28.534533. [PMID: 37034663 PMCID: PMC10081243 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.28.534533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Treatments for reproductive disorders in women primarily consist of hormone replacement therapy, which can have negative health impacts. Bidirectional communication between sensory neurons and innervated organs is an emerging area of interest in tissue physiology with potential relevance for reproductive disorders. Indeed, the metabolic activity of sensory neurons can have profound effects on reproductive phenotypes. To investigate this phenomenon, we utilized a murine model with conditional deletion in sensory neurons of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), a serine/threonine kinase that regulates cellular metabolism. Female mice with this LKB1 deletion (Nav1.8cre;LKB1fl/fl) had significantly more pups per litter compared to wild-type females. Interestingly, the LKB1 genotype of male breeders had no effect on fertility outcomes, thus indicating a female-specific role of sensory neuron metabolism in fertility. LKB1 deletion in sensory neurons resulted in reduced ovarian innervation from dorsal root ganglia neurons and increased follicular turnover compared to littermate controls. In summary, LKB1 expression in peripheral sensory neurons plays an important role in modulating fertility of female mice via ovarian sensory innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Lenert
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
| | - Michael D Burton
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080
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Revisiting the Syndecans: Master Signaling Regulators with Prognostic and Targetable Therapeutic Values in Breast Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061794. [PMID: 36980680 PMCID: PMC10046401 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndecans (SDC1 to 4), a family of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans, are frequently expressed in mammalian tissues. SDCs are aberrantly expressed either on tumor or stromal cells, influencing cancer initiation and progression through their pleiotropic role in different signaling pathways relevant to proliferation, cell-matrix adhesion, migration, invasion, metastasis, cancer stemness, and angiogenesis. In this review, we discuss the key roles of SDCs in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, the most common malignancy in females worldwide, focusing on the prognostic significance and molecular regulators of SDC expression and localization in either breast tumor tissue or its microenvironmental cells and the SDC-dependent epithelial–mesenchymal transition program. This review also highlights the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of SDCs in regulating breast cancer cell behavior via modulation of nuclear hormone receptor signaling, microRNA expression, and exosome biogenesis and functions, as well as summarizing the potential of SDCs as promising candidate targets for therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.
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50
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Arnal JF, Fontaine C, Adlanmerini M, Lenfant F. Special issue on non-genomic actions of nuclear receptors: An evolutionary and physiological perspective. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 564:111884. [PMID: 36739891 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Arnal
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France; Faculté de Santé, Département médecine, maïeutique et paramédical et Explorations Fonctionnelles Physiologiques, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Marine Adlanmerini
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1297, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France
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