1
|
Martínez LE, Ibarrondo J, Guo Y, Penichet ML, Epeldegui M. Follicular CD8+ T Cells Are Elevated in HIV Infection and Induce PD-L1 on B Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:33-39. [PMID: 36445393 PMCID: PMC9840893 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Follicular CD8+CXCR5+ T cells are a specialized CD8+ T cell subset with unique follicular-homing capabilities that have been reported to display effector functions in viral immunity, tumor immunity, and autoimmunity. CD8+CXCR5+ T cells exhibit B cell helper functions and express CD40L, ICOS, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and BCL-6, the transcriptional regulator of CD4+CXCR5+ T follicular helper cells and of germinal center B cells. HIV is known to be sequestered in lymphoid follicles, and CD8+CXCR5+ T cell frequency is a marker for disease severity, given that HIV-infected patients with lower numbers of circulating CD8+CXCR5+ T cells display lower CD4+ T cell counts. Likewise, several groups have reported a direct correlation between the quantity of CD8+CXCR5+ T cells and suppression of HIV viral load. In this study, we observed elevated absolute numbers of CD8+CXCR5+ and CD8+CXCR5+BCL-6+PD-1+ T cells in the blood of HIV-infected participants of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. We further demonstrated in vitro that activated human CD8+CXCR5+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood and tonsil from healthy donors show increased CD40L expression and induce the production of PD ligand 1 (PD-L1)+IgG+ B cells. Moreover, absolute numbers of CD8+CXCR5+ T cells significantly and positively correlated with numbers of PD-L1+ B cells found in blood of HIV-infected individuals. Altogether, these results show that activated CD8+CXCR5+ T cells have the ability to activate B cells and increase the percentage of PD-L1+ and PD-L1+IgG+ B cells, which provides insights into the early events of B cell activation and differentiation and may play a role in disease progression and lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Martínez
- AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Yu Guo
- AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Marta Epeldegui
- AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
CXCL13 in Cancer and Other Diseases: Biological Functions, Clinical Significance, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121282. [PMID: 34947813 PMCID: PMC8708574 DOI: 10.3390/life11121282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer is a multistep and complex process involving interactions between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). C-X-C chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its receptor, CXCR5, make crucial contributions to this process by triggering intracellular signaling cascades in malignant cells and modulating the sophisticated TME in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. The CXCL13/CXCR5 axis has a dominant role in B cell recruitment and tertiary lymphoid structure formation, which activate immune responses against some tumors. In most cancer types, the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis mediates pro-neoplastic immune reactions by recruiting suppressive immune cells into tumor tissues. Tobacco smoke and haze (smohaze) and the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene induce the secretion of CXCL13 by lung epithelial cells, which contributes to environmental lung carcinogenesis. Interestingly, the knockout of CXCL13 inhibits benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung cancer and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colorectal cancer in mice. Thus, a better understanding of the context-dependent functions of the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in tumor tissue and the TME is required to design an efficient immune-based therapy. In this review, we summarize the molecular events and TME alterations caused by CXCL13/CXCR5 and briefly discuss the potentials of agents targeting this axis in different malignant tumors.
Collapse
|
3
|
Martínez LE, Lensing S, Chang D, Magpantay LI, Mitsuyasu R, Ambinder RF, Sparano JA, Martínez-Maza O, Epeldegui M. Immune Activation and Microbial Translocation as Prognostic Biomarkers for AIDS-Related Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in the AMC-034 Study. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4642-4651. [PMID: 34131000 PMCID: PMC8364886 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ARL) is the most common cancer in HIV-infected individuals in the United States and other countries in which HIV-positive persons have access to effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Our prior work showed that pretreatment/postdiagnosis plasma levels of some cytokines, such as IL6, IL10, and CXCL13, have the potential to serve as indicators of clinical response to treatment and survival in ARL. The aims of this study were to identify novel prognostic biomarkers for response to treatment and/or survival in persons with ARL, including biomarkers of microbial translocation and inflammation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We quantified plasma levels of several biomarkers (sCD14, LBP, FABP2, EndoCab IgM, IL18, CCL2/MCP-1, sCD163, IP-10/CXCL10, TARC/CCL17, TNFα, BAFF/BLyS, sTNFRII, sCD44, and sIL2Rα/sCD25) by multiplexed immunometric assays (Luminex) or ELISA in plasma specimens obtained from ARL patients enrolled in the AMC-034 trial, which compared infusional combination chemotherapy (EPOCH: etoposide, vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone) with concurrent or sequential rituximab. Plasma was collected prior to the initiation of therapy (n = 57) and after treatment initiation (n = 55). RESULTS We found that several biomarkers decreased significantly after treatment, including TNFα, sCD25, LBP, and TARC (CCL17). Moreover, pretreatment plasma levels of BAFF, sCD14, sTNFRII, and CCL2/MCP-1 were univariately associated with overall survival, and pretreatment levels of BAFF, sTNFRII, and CCL2/MCP-1 were also associated with progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that patients with ARL who responded to therapy had lower pretreatment levels of inflammation and microbial translocation as compared with those who did not respond optimally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Martínez
- UCLA AIDS Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shelly Lensing
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Di Chang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Larry I Magpantay
- UCLA AIDS Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ronald Mitsuyasu
- UCLA AIDS Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Richard F Ambinder
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joseph A Sparano
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- UCLA AIDS Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marta Epeldegui
- UCLA AIDS Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang M, Wu JS, Xian HC, Chen BJ, Wang HF, Yu XH, Pang X, Dai L, Jiang J, Liang XH, Tang YL. CXCR5 induces perineural invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma by inhibiting microRNA-187. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15384-15399. [PMID: 34114971 PMCID: PMC8221347 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CXCR5 played critical roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Nevertheless, little was known about the involvement of CXCR5 in perineural invasion (PNI) of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Here, we confirmed upregulation of CXCR5 in SACC specimens and cells and identified that CXCR5 exhibited a significant positive correlation with PNI. Functionally, knockdown of CXCR5 suppressed SACC cells migration, invasion and PNI ability, whereas CXCR5 overexpression displayed the opposite effects. Moreover, CXCR5 downregulated microRNA (miR)-187, which could competitively sponge S100A4. The PNI-inhibitory effect of CXCR5 knockdown or miR-187 overexpression could be reversed by elevated expression of S100A4. Conjointly, our data revealed that CXCR5 facilitated PNI through downregulating miR-187 to disinhibit S100A4 expression in SACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia-Shun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong-Chun Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bing-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao-Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Immunodiagnostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): The First Step in Detection and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116139. [PMID: 34200243 PMCID: PMC8201127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exerts huge effects on the health burden of the world because of its high mortality and poor prognosis. HCC is often clinically detected late in patients. If HCC could be detected and treated earlier, the survival rate of patients will be greatly improved. Therefore, identifying specific biomarkers is urgent and important for HCC. The liver is also recognized as an immune organ. The occurrence of HCC is related to exacerbation of immune tolerance and/or immunosurveillance escape. The host immune system plays an important role in the recognition and targeting of tumor cells in cancer immunotherapy, as can be seen from the clinical success of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Thus, there is a pressing medical need to discover immunodiagnostic biomarkers specific to HCC for understanding the pathological mechanisms of HCC, especially for immunotherapy targets. We have reviewed the existing literature to summarize the immunodiagnostic markers of HCC, including autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and exosomes, to provide new insights into HCC and early detection of this deadly cancer.
Collapse
|
6
|
Saberi Hosnijeh F, Kolijn PM, Casabonne D, Nieters A, Solans M, Naudin S, Ferrari P, Mckay JD, Weiderpass E, Perduca V, Besson C, Mancini FR, Masala G, Krogh V, Ricceri F, Huerta JM, Petrova D, Sala N, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, La Vecchia C, Kaaks R, Canzian F, Aune D, Boeing H, Schulze MB, Perez-Cornago A, Langerak AW, van der Velden VHJ, Vermeulen R. Mediating effect of soluble B-cell activation immune markers on the association between anthropometric and lifestyle factors and lymphoma development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13814. [PMID: 32796953 PMCID: PMC7429856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained B-cell activation is an important mechanism contributing to B-cell lymphoma (BCL). We aimed to validate four previously reported B-cell activation markers predictive of BCL risk (sCD23, sCD27, sCD30, and CXCL13) and to examine their possible mediating effects on the association between anthropometric and lifestyle factors and major BCL subtypes. Pre-diagnostic serum levels were measured for 517 BCL cases and 525 controls in a nested case-control study. The odds ratios of BCL were 6.2 in the highest versus lowest quartile for sCD23, 2.6 for sCD30, 4.2 for sCD27, and 2.6 for CXCL13. Higher levels of all markers were associated with increased risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Following mutual adjustment for the other immune markers, sCD23 remained associated with all subtypes and CXCL13 with FL and DLBCL. The associations of sCD23 with CLL and DLBCL and CXCL13 with DLBCL persisted among cases sampled > 9 years before diagnosis. sCD23 showed a good predictive ability (area under the curve = 0.80) for CLL, in particular among older, male participants. sCD23 and CXCL13 showed a mediating effect between body mass index (positive) and DLBCL risk, while CXCL13 contributed to the association between physical activity (inverse) and DLBCL. Our data suggest a role of B-cell activation in BCL development and a mediating role of the immune system for lifestyle factors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Biomarkers
- Body Mass Index
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokine CXCL13
- Cohort Studies
- Exercise/physiology
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Life Style
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/etiology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/etiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Male
- Prospective Studies
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saberi Hosnijeh
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter M Kolijn
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Delphine Casabonne
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y. Salud Pública, M.P. (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Infections and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research PRogramme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Institute for Immunodeficiency, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta Solans
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y. Salud Pública, M.P. (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Sabine Naudin
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - James D Mckay
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer- World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- CNRS, MAP5 UMR 8145, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline Besson
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital of Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- CESP, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL, Turin, Italy
| | - José M Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dafina Petrova
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Núria Sala
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program and Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Federico Canzian
- Research Group Genomic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anton W Langerak
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent H J van der Velden
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Epeldegui M, Conti DV, Guo Y, Cozen W, Penichet ML, Martínez-Maza O. Elevated numbers of PD-L1 expressing B cells are associated with the development of AIDS-NHL. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9371. [PMID: 31253857 PMCID: PMC6599055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is markedly increased in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and remains elevated in those on anti-retroviral therapy (cART). Both the loss of immunoregulation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infected cells, as well as chronic B-cell activation, are believed to contribute to the genesis of AIDS-related NHL (AIDS-NHL). However, the mechanisms that lead to AIDS-NHL have not been completely defined. A subset of B cells that is characterized by the secretion of IL10, as well as the expression of the programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1/CD274), was recently described. These PD-L1+ B cells can exert regulatory function, including the dampening of T-cell activation, by interacting with the program cell death protein (PD1) on target cells. The role of PD-L1+ B cells in the development of AIDS-NHL has not been explored. We assessed B cell PD-L1 expression on B cells preceding AIDS-NHL diagnosis in a nested case-control study of HIV+ subjects who went on to develop AIDS-NHL, as well as HIV+ subjects who did not, using multi-color flow cytometry. Archival frozen viable PBMC were obtained from the UCLA Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). It was seen that the number of CD19+CD24++CD38++and CD19+PD-L1+cells was significantly elevated in cases 1-4 years prior to AIDS-NHL diagnosis, compared to controls, raising the possibility that these cells may play a role in the etiology of AIDS-NHL. Interestingly, most PD-L1+ expression on CD19+ cells was seen on CD19+CD24++CD38++ cells. In addition, we showed that HIV can directly induce PD-L1 expression on B cells through interaction of virion-associated CD40L with CD40 on B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Epeldegui
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Department of Preventive Medicine Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Manuel L Penichet
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li X, Liu Z, Mi M, Zhang C, Xiao Y, Liu X, Wu G, Zhang L. Identification of hub genes and key pathways associated with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5209-5220. [PMID: 31239775 PMCID: PMC6559227 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s185030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is an aggressive subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) that has a poor 5-year overall survival rate due to its lack of precise therapeutic targets. Identifying potential prognostic markers of AITL may provide information regarding the development of precision medicine. Methods: RNA sequence data from PTCL and patient clinic traits were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify DEGs between the different PTCL subtypes and investigate the relationship underlying co-expression modules and clinic traits. Gene ontology (GO) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses based on DAVID and the STRING website, respectively, were utilized to deeply excavate hub genes. Results: After removing the outliers from the GSE65823, GSE58445, GSE19069, and GSE6338 datasets using the results from an unsupervised cluster heatmap, 50 AITL samples and 55 anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) samples were screened. A total of 677 upregulated DEGs and 237 downregulated DEGs were identified in AITL and used to construct a PPI network complex. Using WGCNA, 12 identified co-expression modules were constructed from the 5468 genes with the top 10% of variance, and 192 genes from the Turquoise and Brown modules were with a Gene Significance (GS) cut-off threshold >0.6. Eleven hub genes (CDH1, LAT, LPAR1, CXCL13, CD27, ICAM2, CD3E, CCL19, CTLA-4, CXCR5, and C3) were identified. Only CTLA-4 overexpressed was found to be a poor prognostic factor according to survival analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified and validated the intersection of key pathways (T cell receptor, primary immunodeficiency, and chemokine signaling pathways). Conclusion: Our findings provide the framework for the identification of AITL co-expression gene modules and identify key pathways and driving genes that may be novel treatment targets and helpful for the development of a prognostic evaluation index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Mi
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caijiao Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxiu Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liling Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Makgoeng SB, Bolanos RS, Jeon CY, Weiss RE, Arah OA, Breen EC, Martínez-Maza O, Hussain SK. Markers of Immune Activation and Inflammation, and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2019; 2:pky082. [PMID: 30873511 PMCID: PMC6400235 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pky082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation and immune activation are reported to play a key role in the etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We conducted a meta-analysis on the associations between prediagnosis circulating levels of immune stimulatory markers, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), CXCL13, soluble CD23 (sCD23), sCD27, sCD30, and the risk of NHL. Methods Relevant studies were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to January 1, 2017. We calculated summary odds ratio (OR) estimates for the association between one natural log increase in concentration of each biomarker and NHL using random-effects models for NHL as a composite outcome and for several histological subtypes of NHL. Results Seventeen nested case control studies were included. Elevated levels of several biomarkers were more strongly associated with increased odds of NHL: TNF-α, OR = 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04 to 1.34); CXCL13, OR = 1.47 (95% CI = 1.03 to 2.08); sCD23, OR = 1.57 (95% CI = 1.21 to 2.05); sCD27, OR = 2.18 (95% CI = 1.20 to 3.98); sCD30, OR = 1.65 (95% CI = 1.22 to 2.22). In stratified analyses, IL-6, TNF-α, sCD27, and sCD30 were more strongly associated with NHL in HIV-infected individuals compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. Between-study heterogeneity was observed across multiple biomarkers for overall NHL and by subtypes. Conclusion This meta-analysis provides evidence that elevated circulating levels of TNF-α, CXCL13, sCD23, sCD27, and sCD30 are consistently associated with an increased risk of NHL, suggesting the potential utility of these biomarkers in population risk stratification and prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon B Makgoeng
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA
| | - Rachel S Bolanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA
| | - Christie Y Jeon
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA.,Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Robert E Weiss
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Onyebuchi A Arah
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA
| | - Elizabeth C Breen
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA.,Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shehnaz K Hussain
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA.,Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zheng Z, Cai Y, Chen H, Chen Z, Zhu D, Zhong Q, Xie W. CXCL13/CXCR5 Axis Predicts Poor Prognosis and Promotes Progression Through PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2019; 8:682. [PMID: 30723697 PMCID: PMC6349755 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine ligands and their receptors play critical roles in cancer progression and patients outcomes. We found that CXCL13 was significantly upregulated in ccRCC tissues compared with normal tissues in both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and a validated cohort of 90 pairs ccRCC tissues. Statistical analysis showed that high CXCL13 expression related to advanced disease stage and poor prognosis in ccRCC. We also revealed that serum CXCL13 levels in ccRCC patients (n = 50) were significantly higher than in healthy controls (n = 40). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that tissue and serum CXCL13 expression might be a diagnostic biomarker for ccRCC with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.809 and 0.704, respectively. CXCL13 was significantly associated with its receptor, CXCR5, in ccRCC tissues, and ccRCC patients in high CXCL13 high CXCR5 expression group have a worst prognosis. Functional and mechanistic study revealed that CXCL13 promoted the proliferation and migration of ccRCC cells by binding to CXCR5 and activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results suggested that CXCL13/CXCR5 axis played a significant role in ccRCC and might be a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaosong Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Cai
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haicheng Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingjun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Zhong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlian Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat- sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Epeldegui M, Lee JY, Martínez AC, Widney DP, Magpantay LI, Regidor D, Mitsuyasu R, Sparano JA, Ambinder RF, Martínez-Maza O. Predictive Value of Cytokines and Immune Activation Biomarkers in AIDS-Related Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with Rituximab plus Infusional EPOCH (AMC-034 trial). Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:328-36. [PMID: 26384320 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of this study were to determine whether pretreatment plasma levels of cytokines and immune activation-associated molecules changed following treatment for AIDS-NHL with rituximab plus infusional EPOCH, and to determine whether pretreatment levels of these molecules were associated with response to treatment and/or survival. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We quantified plasma levels of B-cell activation-associated molecules (sCD27, sCD30, and sCD23) and cytokines (IL6, IL10, and CXCL13) before and after the initiation of treatment in persons with AIDS-NHL (n = 69) in the AIDS Malignancies Consortium (AMC) 034 study, which evaluated treatment of AIDS-NHL with EPOCH chemotherapy and rituximab. RESULTS Treatment resulted in decreased plasma levels of some of these molecules (CXCL13, sCD27, and sCD30), with decreased levels persisting for one year following the completion of treatment. Lower levels of CXCL13 before treatment were associated with complete responses following lymphoma therapy. Elevated levels of IL6 pretreatment were associated with decreased overall survival, whereas higher IL10 levels were associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS), in multivariate analyses. Furthermore, patients with CXCL13 or IL6 levels higher than the median levels for the NHL group, as well as those who had detectable IL10, had lower overall survival and PFS, in Kaplan-Meier analyses. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CXCL13, IL6, and IL10 have significant potential as prognostic biomarkers for AIDS-NHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Epeldegui
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, California. Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeannette Y Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Arizona
| | - Anna C Martínez
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel P Widney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Larry I Magpantay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, California. Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Deborah Regidor
- UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, California. Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ronald Mitsuyasu
- UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, California. Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Arizona
| | - Joseph A Sparano
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Richard F Ambinder
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. UCLA AIDS Institute, Los Angeles, California. Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California. Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are living longer since the advent of effective combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). While cART substantially decreases the risk of developing some cancers, HIV-infected individuals remain at high risk for Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma, and several solid tumors. Currently HIV-infected patients represent an aging group, and malignancies have become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Tailored cancer-prevention strategies are needed for this population. In this review we describe the etiologic agents and pathogenesis of common malignancies in the setting of HIV, as well as current evidence for cancer prevention strategies and screening programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila H Goncalves
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jairo M Montezuma-Rusca
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Yarchoan
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas S Uldrick
- HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim SJ, Ryu KJ, Hong M, Ko YH, Kim WS. The serum CXCL13 level is associated with the Glasgow Prognostic Score in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma patients. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:49. [PMID: 25966773 PMCID: PMC4437674 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) measures inflammation and proves its prognostic value in patients with extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) which is commonly combined with inflammatory lesion. Given inflammatory chemokines play an important role in tumor progression, we hypothesized that chemokines might influence ENKTL aggressiveness through interaction with their receptors in the tumor tissue. Methods We measured the serum levels of C-X-C motif ligand 13 (CXCL13) in 69 patients with ENKTL who received non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy and/or concurrent chemoradiotherapy because CXCL13 is thought to have a pro-tumor effect through interaction with its receptor, the C-X-C chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5). We analyzed the association of serum CXCL13 with the GPS, and their prognostic relevance. The levels of CXCL13 were measured using a multiplex chemokine assay on archived frozen serum samples. Results Patients were categorized into high and low CXCL13 groups if they had CXCL13 levels above or below the median value of 29.1 pg/mL, respectively. The high CXCL13 group and grouping by the GPS showed a significant association with poor progression-free survival. The elevated serum levels of CXCL13 were also significantly associated with a high score of the GPS. High CXCL13 levels and GPS were significantly associated with high tumor burden predicting poor prognosis including stages III/IV, extranasal presentation, bone marrow invasion, and presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in blood. Furthermore, serum CXCL13 and GPS discriminated patients at risk of treatment failure among patients with low tumor burden (stage I/II) and non-detectable EBV DNA. Conclusions Serum levels of CXCL13 were associated with the prognostic value of GPS. Grouping by the serum CXCL13 might predict survival outcomes in patients with ENKTL, suggesting that it is a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Jin Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kyung Ju Ryu
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Mineui Hong
- Department of Pathology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Young Hyeh Ko
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Won Seog Kim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nolen BM, Breen EC, Bream JH, Jenkins FJ, Kingsley LA, Rinaldo CR, Lokshin AE. Circulating mediators of inflammation and immune activation in AIDS-related non-hodgkin lymphoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99144. [PMID: 24922518 PMCID: PMC4055650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common AIDS-related malignancy in developed countries. An elevated risk of developing NHL persists among HIV-infected individuals in comparison to the general population despite the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy. The mechanisms underlying the development of AIDS-related NHL (A-NHL) are not fully understood, but likely involve persistent B-cell activation and inflammation. METHODS This was a nested case-control study within the ongoing prospective Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Cases included 47 HIV-positive male subjects diagnosed with high-grade B-cell NHL. Controls were matched to each case from among participating HIV-positive males who did not develop any malignancy. Matching criteria included time HIV+ or since AIDS diagnosis, age, race and CD4+ cell count. Sera were tested for 161 serum biomarkers using multiplexed bead-based immunoassays. RESULTS A subset of 17 biomarkers, including cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins, tissue remodeling agents and bone metabolic mediators was identified to be significantly altered in A-NHL cases in comparison to controls. Many of the biomarkers included in this subset were positively correlated with HIV viral load. A pathway analysis of our results revealed an extensive network of interactions between current and previously identified biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the current hypothesis that A-NHL develops in the context of persistent immune stimulation and inflammation. Further analysis of the biomarkers identified in this report should enhance our ability to diagnose, monitor and treat this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Nolen
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Crabb Breen
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jay H. Bream
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Frank J. Jenkins
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lawrence A. Kingsley
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Charles R. Rinaldo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anna E. Lokshin
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Ob/Gyn, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vendrame E, Hussain SK, Breen EC, Magpantay L, Widney DP, Jacobson LP, Variakojis D, Knowlton ER, Bream JH, Ambinder RF, Detels R, Martínez-Maza O. Serum levels of cytokines and biomarkers for inflammation and immune activation, and HIV-associated non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:343-9. [PMID: 24220912 PMCID: PMC3948172 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV infection is associated with a marked increase in risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL). However, the mechanisms that promote the development of AIDS-NHL are not fully understood. METHODS In this study, serum levels of several cytokines and other molecules associated with immune activation were measured in specimens collected longitudinally during 1 to 5 years preceding AIDS-NHL diagnosis, in 176 AIDS-NHL cases and 176 HIV(+) controls from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). RESULTS Multivariate analyses revealed that serum levels of immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IP-10/CXCL10, neopterin, and TNF-α were elevated in those HIV(+) individuals who went on to develop AIDS-NHL. In addition, the fraction of specimens with detectable IL-2 was increased and the fraction with detectable IL-4 was decreased in these subjects. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that long-term, chronic immune activation, possibly driven by macrophage-produced cytokines, precedes development of NHL in HIV(+) individuals. IMPACT FLC, IL-6, IL-10, IP-10/CXCL10, neopterin, and TNF-α may serve as biomarkers for AIDS-NHL. .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vendrame
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CAy
| | - Shehnaz K. Hussain
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Elizabeth Crabb Breen
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Larry Magpantay
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CAy
| | - Daniel P. Widney
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CAy
| | - Lisa P. Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daina Variakojis
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Emilee R. Knowlton
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jay H. Bream
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Roger Detels
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CAy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Charbonneau B, Wang AH, Maurer MJ, Asmann YW, Zent CS, Link BK, Ansell SM, Weiner GJ, Ozsan N, Feldman AL, Witzig TE, Cunningham JM, Dogan A, Habermann TM, Slager SL, Novak AJ, Cerhan JR. CXCR5 polymorphisms in non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk and prognosis. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:1475-84. [PMID: 23812490 PMCID: PMC3758443 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-013-1452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CXCR5 [chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 5; also known as Burkitt lymphoma receptor 1 (BCR1)] is expressed on mature B-cells, subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, and skin-derived migratory dendritic cells. Together with its ligand, CXCL13, CXCR5 is involved in guiding B-cells into the B-cell zones of secondary lymphoid organs as well as T-cell migration. This study evaluated the role of common germline genetic variation in CXCR5 in the risk and prognosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) using a clinic-based study of 1,521 controls and 2,694 NHL cases including 710 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, 586 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 588 follicular lymphoma (FL), 137 mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), 230 marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and 158 peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Of the ten CXCR5 tag SNPs in our study, five were associated with risk of NHL, with rs1790192 having the strongest association (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08-1.30; p = 0.0003). This SNP was most strongly associated with the risk of FL (OR 1.44, 95 % CI 1.25-1.66; p = 3.1 × 10(-7)), with a lower degree of association with DLBCL (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.33; p = 0.04) and PTCL (OR 1.29, 95 % CI 1.02-1.64; p = 0.04) but no association with the risk of MCL or MZL. For FL patients that were observed as initial disease management, the number of minor alleles of rs1790192 was associated with better event-free survival (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.47-0.87; p = 0.004). These results provide additional evidence for a role of host genetic variation in CXCR5 in lymphomagenesis, particularly for FL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Charbonneau
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Alice H. Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Matthew J. Maurer
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Yan W. Asmann
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Clive S. Zent
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Brian K. Link
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Stephen M. Ansell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - George J. Weiner
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Nazan Ozsan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir Turkey
| | - Andrew L. Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Thomas E. Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Ahmet Dogan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Thomas M. Habermann
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Susan L. Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Anne J. Novak
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| | - James R. Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Widney DP, Olafsen T, Wu AM, Kitchen CMR, Said JW, Smith JB, Peña G, Magpantay LI, Penichet ML, Martinez-Maza O. Levels of murine, but not human, CXCL13 are greatly elevated in NOD-SCID mice bearing the AIDS-associated Burkitt lymphoma cell line, 2F7. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72414. [PMID: 23936541 PMCID: PMC3732224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, few rodent models of AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (AIDS-NHL) exist. In these studies, a novel mouse/human xenograft model of AIDS-associated Burkitt lymphoma (AIDS-BL) was created by injecting cells of the human AIDS-BL cell line, 2F7, intraperitoneally into NOD-SCID mice. Mice developed tumors in the peritoneal cavity, with metastases to the spleen, thymus, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Expression of the chemokine receptor, CXCR5, was greatly elevated in vivo on BL tumor cells in this model, as shown by flow cytometry. CXCL13 is the ligand for CXCR5, and serum and ascites levels of murine, but not human, CXCL13 showed a striking elevation in tumor-bearing mice, with levels as high as 200,000 pg/ml in ascites, as measured by ELISA. As shown by immunohistochemistry, murine CXCL13 was associated with macrophage-like tumor-infiltrating cells that appeared to be histiocytes. Blocking CXCR5 on 2F7 cells with neutralizing antibodies prior to injection into the mice substantially delayed tumor formation. The marked elevations in tumor cell CXCR5 expression and in murine CXCL13 levels seen in the model may potentially identify an important link between tumor-interacting histiocytes and tumor cells in AIDS-BL. These results also identify CXCL13 as a potential biomarker for this disease, which is consistent with previous studies showing that serum levels of CXCL13 were elevated in human subjects who developed AIDS-lymphoma. This mouse model may be useful for future studies on the interactions of the innate immune system and AIDS-BL tumor cells, as well as for the assessment of potential tumor biomarkers for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Widney
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tove Olafsen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anna M. Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Christina M. R. Kitchen
- Department of Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan W. Said
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey B. Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Guadalupe Peña
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Larry I. Magpantay
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Otoniel Martinez-Maza
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
A prospective study of 67 serum immune and inflammation markers and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2013; 122:951-7. [PMID: 23814017 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-01-481077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although severe immune dysregulation is an established risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the importance of subclinical immunologic effects is unclear. We compared baseline serum levels of 67 immune and inflammation markers between 301 patients with NHL diagnosed 5+ years after blood collection and 301 control patients within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. We observed associations with NHL for elevated B-cell-attracting chemokine 1 (BCA-1; fourth quartile vs first: odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-4.2; Ptrend = 1.0 × 10(-6)), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2; OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.0-5.8; Ptrend = 1.1 × 10(-6)), and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (sVEGFR2; OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.4-3.9; Ptrend = .0005) that remained significant after Bonferroni correction, simultaneous model adjustment, and restriction to cases diagnosed 8 to 13 years after blood collection. Associations with other markers were observed, although none remained associated with NHL after adjustment for BCA-1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2. Our findings suggest that circulating BCA-1, sTNFR2, and sVEGFR2 are associated with NHL risk well in advance of diagnosis. Additional research is needed to replicate these findings and elucidate the underlying biologic mechanisms.
Collapse
|
19
|
Hussain SK, Zhu W, Chang SC, Breen EC, Vendrame E, Magpantay L, Widney D, Conn D, Sehl M, Jacobson LP, Bream JH, Wolinsky S, Rinaldo CR, Ambinder RF, Detels R, Zhang ZF, Martínez-Maza O. Serum levels of the chemokine CXCL13, genetic variation in CXCL13 and its receptor CXCR5, and HIV-associated non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:295-307. [PMID: 23250934 PMCID: PMC3703445 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CXCL13 and CXCR5 are a chemokine and receptor pair whose interaction is critical for naïve B-cell trafficking and activation within germinal centers. We sought to determine whether CXCL13 levels are elevated before HIV-associated non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma (AIDS-NHL), and whether polymorphisms in CXCL13 or CXCR5 are associated with AIDS-NHL risk and CXCL13 levels in a large cohort of HIV-infected men. METHODS CXCL13 levels were measured in sera from 179 AIDS-NHL cases and 179 controls at three time-points. TagSNPs in CXCL13 (n = 16) and CXCR5 (n = 11) were genotyped in 183 AIDS-NHL cases and 533 controls. OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between one unit increase in log CXCL13 levels and AIDS-NHL, as well as tagSNP genotypes and AIDS-NHL, were computed using logistic regression. Mixed linear regression was used to estimate mean ratios (MR) for the association between tagSNPs and CXCL13 levels. RESULTS CXCL13 levels were elevated for more than 3 years (OR = 3.24; 95% CI = 1.90-5.54), 1 to 3 years (OR = 3.39; 95% CI = 1.94-5.94), and 0 to 1 year (OR = 3.94; 95% CI = 1.98-7.81) before an AIDS-NHL diagnosis. The minor allele of CXCL13 rs355689 was associated with reduced AIDS-NHL risk (OR(TCvsTT) = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.45-0.96) and reduced CXCL13 levels (MR(CCvsTT) = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.68-0.99). The minor allele of CXCR5 rs630923 was associated with increased CXCL13 levels (MR(AAvsTT) = 2.40; 95% CI = 1.43-4.50). CONCLUSIONS CXCL13 levels were elevated preceding an AIDS-NHL diagnosis, genetic variation in CXCL13 may contribute to AIDS-NHL risk, and CXCL13 levels may be associated with genetic variation in CXCL13 and CXCR5. IMPACT CXCL13 may serve as a biomarker for early AIDS-NHL detection.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokine CXCL13/blood
- Chemokine CXCL13/genetics
- Follow-Up Studies
- HIV Infections/blood
- HIV Infections/diagnosis
- HIV Infections/etiology
- Humans
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/blood
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/etiology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/blood
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/etiology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
- Prognosis
- Prospective Studies
- Receptors, CXCR5/genetics
- Risk Factors
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shehnaz K Hussain
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
De Roos AJ, Mirick DK, Edlefsen KL, LaCroix AZ, Kopecky KJ, Madeleine MM, Magpantay L, Martínez-Maza O. Markers of B-cell activation in relation to risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Res 2012; 72:4733-43. [PMID: 22846913 PMCID: PMC3445724 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
B-cell activation biomarkers have been associated with increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in HIV-infected populations. However, whether a similar association may exist in general populations has not been established. We conducted a case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study cohort to measure the B-cell activation biomarkers sCD23, sCD27, sCD30, sCD44, and CXCL13 in serum samples collected an average of 6 years before NHL diagnosis in 491 cases and 491 controls. Using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios, we observed strong associations between NHL and markers for all B-cell NHL and for major subtypes. Women with marker levels in the highest-versus-lowest quartile categories of CD23, CD27, CD30, or CXCL13 were at 2.8- to 5.5-fold increased risk of B-NHL. In addition, there were significant trends of risk with increasing levels of these markers present. Associations were strongest for cases with shortest lag times between blood draw and diagnosis (<3 years). However, there were also significant associations for cases with the longest prediagnostic lag (9 to 13 years). Taken together, our findings indicate a prominent role for B-cell activation among postmenopausal women in the etiology of B-cell NHL and/or in processes reflective of early disease development as early as 9 years before diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anneclaire J De Roos
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
HIV-associated immune dysfunction and viral infection: role in the pathogenesis of AIDS-related lymphoma. Immunol Res 2011; 48:72-83. [PMID: 20717742 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-010-8168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
HIV infection is associated with a much higher risk for the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL). The principal causes of lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected individuals are thought to be the loss of immune function seen in HIV infection, which results in the loss of immunoregulation of Epstein-Barr virus-infected B cells, as well as HIV infection-associated immune dysregulation, including chronic B-cell activation. In this review, we discuss recent reports that further support the importance of these factors, and we highlight emerging evidence of different mechanisms that potentially drive lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected individuals.
Collapse
|
22
|
Breen EC, Hussain SK, Magpantay L, Jacobson LP, Detels R, Rabkin CS, Kaslow RA, Variakojis D, Bream JH, Rinaldo CR, Ambinder RF, Martinez-Maza O. B-cell stimulatory cytokines and markers of immune activation are elevated several years prior to the diagnosis of systemic AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1303-14. [PMID: 21527584 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is greatly increased in HIV infection. The aim of this study was to determine whether elevated serum levels of molecules associated with B-cell activation precede the diagnosis of AIDS-associated NHL (AIDS-NHL). METHODS Serum levels of B-cell activation-associated molecules, interleukin (IL)6, IL10, soluble CD23 (sCD23), sCD27, sCD30, C-reactive protein (CRP), and immunoglobulin E were determined in 179 NHL cases and HIV+ controls in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, collected at up to 3 time points per subject, 0 to 5 years prior to AIDS-NHL diagnosis. RESULTS Serum IL6, IL10, CRP, sCD23, sCD27, and sCD30 levels were all significantly elevated in the AIDS-NHL group, when compared with HIV+ controls or with AIDS controls, after adjusting for CD4 T-cell number. Elevated serum levels of B-cell activation-associated molecules were seen to be associated with the development of systemic [non-CNS (central nervous system)] NHL, but not with the development of primary CNS lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Levels of certain B-cell stimulatory cytokines and molecules associated with immune activation are elevated for several years preceding the diagnosis of systemic AIDS-NHL. This observation is consistent with the hypothesis that chronic B-cell activation contributes to the development of these hematologic malignancies. IMPACT Marked differences in serum levels of several molecules are seen for several years prediagnosis in those who eventually develop AIDS-NHL. Some of these molecules may serve as candidate biomarkers and provide valuable information to better define the etiology of NHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Crabb Breen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7076, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Regidor DL, Detels R, Breen EC, Widney DP, Jacobson LP, Palella F, Rinaldo CR, Bream JH, Martínez-Maza O. Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on biomarkers of B-lymphocyte activation and inflammation. AIDS 2011; 25:303-14. [PMID: 21192231 PMCID: PMC3322644 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32834273ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic inflammation and B-cell hyperactivation are seen in HIV infection, contributing to an increased risk for the accrual of genetic errors that may result in B-cell lymphoma. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on serum levels of molecules that are associated with immune activation and/or inflammation, including several that are associated with B-cell activation, specifically IL-6, sCD30, sCD27, IgG, IgA, CXCL13 (B lymphocyte chemoattractant, BLC), a B-lymphocyte chemokine involved in B-cell trafficking, as well as C-reactive protein, an acute-phase protein. DESIGN We used a retrospective cohort study design, measuring serum levels of these markers at each of four 1-year intervals, 2 years before and 2 years after HAART initiation, in a subgroup of 290 HIV-infected men enrolled in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). METHODS Serum levels of immune activation-associated molecules were measured by ELISA and multiplexed immunometric assays. Reference values were determined by the 5th to 95th percentiles from a sample of 109 HIV-uninfected MACS men. RESULTS HAART use was associated with a reduction, but not normalization, of most biomarkers tested. Serum levels of IL-6 and C-reactive protein appeared to be unaffected by HAART. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a partial normalization of serum cytokine levels post HAART. However, a chronic state of B-cell hyperactivation continues 2-3 years after HAART initiation. These findings may explain, in part, the excess incidence of lymphoma still occurring in HIV-infected persons in the post-HAART era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L. Regidor
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Roger Detels
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elizabeth C. Breen
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
| | - Daniel P. Widney
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lisa P. Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Frank Palella
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | | | - Jay H. Bream
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, USA
| | - Otoniel Martínez-Maza
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
- UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vendrame E, Martínez-Maza O. Assessment of pre-diagnosis biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation: insights on the etiology of lymphoma. J Proteome Res 2010; 10:113-9. [PMID: 20886858 DOI: 10.1021/pr100729z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The DNA-modifying processes that are involved in B lymphocyte activation, somatic hypermutation (SHM), and IgH class switch recombination (CSR) have the potential to lead to genetic errors that lead to the genesis of B cell cancers, such as lymphoma. Given the potential contribution of these immune mechanisms to the development of cancer, assessment of the expression of cytokines, and other immune stimulatory molecules that drive B cell activation, prior to lymphoma diagnosis, may provide insights into the etiology of these cancers. Here, we review studies that have examined prediagnosis protein biomarkers for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), both AIDS-related NHL, as well as NHL seen in immunocompetent populations. Overall, these studies provide support for the notion that B cell hyper-activation is elevated preceding the appearance of AIDS-NHL, particularly those forms of AIDS-NHL that are not driven by EBV infection and that presumably arise from errors in IgH CSR and SHM. In more limited studies, it appears that dysregulation of cytokine production also precedes the diagnosis of NHL in HIV-negative persons. The availability of prediagnosis serum/plasma from cohort studies provides unique opportunities for proteomic approaches to identify novel prediagnosis etiologic biomarkers for NHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vendrame
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|