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Dai S, Yang Y, Wang D. Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index Predict Prehypertension Progression and Regression: A Prospective Cohort Study Involving Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Am J Hypertens 2024; 37:588-596. [PMID: 38597145 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data are published on the relationship of the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) with prehypertension progression or regression. Therefore, we investigated this association through the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. METHODS Participants with prehypertension were assigned to two groups according to baseline CVAI, and after 4 years of follow-up, their blood pressure was analyzed for deterioration or improvement. We constructed logistic regression models for assessing the association of CVAI with the progression or regression of prehypertension. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was utilized for determining the dose-response association. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. RESULTS The study included 2,057 participants with prehypertension. During the follow-up, 695 participants progressed to hypertension, 561 participants regressed to normotension, and 801 participants remained as prehypertensive. An association was observed between a high CVAI value and a higher incidence of progression to hypertension and between a high CVAI value and a lower incidence of regression to normotension (OR = 1.66 and 0.58, 95% CI: 1.35-2.05 and 0.47-0.73, respectively). The RCS model exhibited a linear association between CVAI and prehypertension progression and regression (all P for non-linear > 0.05). The results of the subgroup and sensitivity analyses agreed with those of the primary analysis. CONCLUSIONS A significant association was noted between CVAI and prehypertension progression and regression. Thus, as part of the hypertension prevention strategy, monitoring CVAI is crucial in individuals with prehypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjie Dai
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongying Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Huang H, Shen Y. Bezafibrate mitigates oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced the attachment of monocytes to endothelial cells: An implication in atherosclerosis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 39009501 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidized forms of low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL)-associated endothelial dysfunction and subsequent monocyte adhesion play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Bezafibrate (BEZ) is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (pan-PPAR) agonist licensed as a hypolipidemic drug. However, the effects of BEZ on endothelial dysfunction are less reported. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aim to investigate the protective effects of BEZ on ox-LDL-challenged vascular endothelial cells to evaluate its potential value in treating AS. METHODS Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and THP-1 cells were used to establish an In Vitro AS model. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to test the data. RESULTS As expected, treatment with BEZ suppressed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), tissue factor (TF), Interleukin 12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). BEZ was also found to inhibit ox-LDL-induced expression of the endothelial adhesion molecules vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in HAECs. Correspondingly, BEZ prevented attachment of THP-1 monocytes to ox-LDL-incubated HAECs. Mechanically, BEZ was found to prevent NF-κB activation by reducing the levels of nuclear NF-κB p65 and inhibiting luciferase activity of NF-κB. CONCLUSION Our study revealed the pharmacological function of BEZ in protecting endothelial dysfunction against ox-LDL, which may provide valuable insight for the clinical application of BEZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Wang X, Chen Y, Meng H, Ruan J, Meng F. SREBP-1-mediated lipogenesis confers resistance to ferroptosis and improves endothelial injury. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23806. [PMID: 38970404 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400721r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis refers to a disease characterized by the formation of lipid plaque deposits within arterial walls, leading to reduced blood flow or blockage of blood outflow. The process of endothelial injury induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is considered the initial stage of atherosclerosis. Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death, and current research suggests its association with coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we observed a correlation between reduced expression of SREBP-1 and the occurrence of stable CAD. Additionally, during the process of endothelial injury induced by ox-LDL, we also noted decreased expression of the SREBP-1/SCD1/FADS2 and involvement in the ferroptosis process. Mechanistically, ox-LDL induced endothelial injury by inhibiting the lipid biosynthesis process mediated by the SREBP-1/SCD1/FADS2, thereby inducing lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. On the contrary, overexpression of SREBP-1 or supplementation with monounsaturated fatty acids counteracted iron accumulation, mitochondrial damage, and lipid peroxidation-induced ferroptosis, thereby improving endothelial injury. Our study indicated that the decreased expression of peripheral blood SREBP-1 mRNA is an independent risk factor for stable CAD. Furthermore, in endothelial cells, the lipid biosynthesis process mediated by SREBP-1 could ameliorate endothelial injury by resisting ferroptosis. The study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, which serves as a primary registry in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ChiCTR2300074315, August 3rd, 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Heyu Meng
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianjun Ruan
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fanbo Meng
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Maleki MH, Vakili O, Tavakoli R, Nadimi E, Noori Z, Taghizadeh M, Dehghanian A, Tayebi L, Shafiee SM. Protective and curative effects of unconjugated bilirubin on gene expression of LOX-1 and iNOS in the heart of rats receiving high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin: a histomorphometric approach. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:26. [PMID: 38982470 PMCID: PMC11234610 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the large arteries and is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) globally. Increased levels of adhesion molecules in cardiac tissue serve as prognostic markers for coronary artery occlusion risk. Given the antioxidant properties of bilirubin and its inverse correlation with atherosclerosis, this study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of bilirubin on atherosclerotic indices and heart structure in high-fat diet-fed diabetic rats with atherosclerosis. METHODS Atherosclerosis was induced in three out of five groups of adult male Sprague Dawley rats through a 14-week period of high-fat diet (HFD) consumption and a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg). The atherosclerotic rats were then treated with intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg/day bilirubin for either 6 or 14 weeks (treated and protected groups, respectively), or the vehicle. Two additional groups served as the control and bilirubin-treated rats. Subsequently, the mRNA expression levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), lectin-like LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), and the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were analyzed using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Histopathological and stereological analyses were performed to assess changes in the heart structure. RESULTS Bilirubin significantly decreased the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, LOX-1, and iNOS genes in the treated group. Moreover, bilirubin mitigated pathological damage in the left ventricle of the heart. Stereological analysis revealed a decrease in the left ventricle and myocardium volume, accompanied by an increase in vessel volume in rats treated with bilirubin. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that mild hyperbilirubinemia can protect against the progression of atherosclerosis and heart failure by improving lipid profile, modulating adhesion molecules, LOX-1, and iNOS gene expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Maleki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Tavakoli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Nadimi
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Noori
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Motahareh Taghizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirreza Dehghanian
- Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Sayed Mohammad Shafiee
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Luciani L, Pedrelli M, Parini P. Modification of lipoprotein metabolism and function driving atherogenesis in diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2024; 394:117545. [PMID: 38688749 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease, characterized by raised blood glucose levels and impaired lipid metabolism resulting from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. In diabetes, the peculiar plasma lipoprotein phenotype, consisting in higher levels of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of HDL cholesterol, elevated number of small, dense LDL, and increased non-HDL cholesterol, results from an increased synthesis and impaired clearance of triglyceride rich lipoproteins. This condition accelerates the development of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the most common cause of death in T2DM patients. Here, we review the alteration of structure, functions, and distribution of circulating lipoproteins and the pathophysiological mechanisms that induce these modifications in T2DM. The review analyzes the influence of diabetes-associated metabolic imbalances throughout the entire process of the atherosclerotic plaque formation, from lipoprotein synthesis to potential plaque destabilization. Addressing the different pathophysiological mechanisms, we suggest improved approaches for assessing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events and clinical strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in T2DM and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Luciani
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Pedrelli
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medicine Unit of Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Parini
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medicine Unit of Endocrinology, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Wang X, Liu L, Zhai L, Palade P, Wang X, Mehta JL. Direct Impact of PCSK9 on SMC Senescence and Apoptosis: A New Focus in Cardiovascular Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1491-1496. [PMID: 38924434 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Liyue Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration (L.Z., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Philip Palade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (P.P.)
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., L.Z., Xianwei Wang)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology (Xiaoping Wang, L.L., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration (L.Z., Xianwei Wang), Xinxiang Medical University, China
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock (J.L.M.)
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Zuo X, Ding X, Zhang Y, Kang YJ. Reversal of atherosclerosis by restoration of vascular copper homeostasis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2024; 249:10185. [PMID: 38978540 PMCID: PMC11228934 DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2024.10185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis has traditionally been considered as a disorder characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol and thrombotic materials within the arterial wall. However, it is now understood to be a complex inflammatory disease involving multiple factors. Central to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are the interactions among monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, which play pivotal roles in the initiation, progression, and destabilization of atherosclerotic lesions. Recent advances in our understanding of atherosclerosis pathogenesis, coupled with results obtained from experimental interventions, lead us to propose the hypothesis that atherosclerosis may be reversible. This paper outlines the evolution of this hypothesis and presents corroborating evidence that supports the potential for atherosclerosis regression through the restoration of vascular copper homeostasis. We posit that these insights may pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at the reversal of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zuo
- Tasly Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Tasly Biopharmaceutical Co., Tianjin, China
| | - Xueqin Ding
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaya Zhang
- Tasly Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Tasly Biopharmaceutical Co., Tianjin, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Tasly Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Tasly Biopharmaceutical Co., Tianjin, China
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wen J, Zhuang R, He Q, Wei C, Giri M, Chi J. Association between serum lipid and all-cause mortality in asthmatic populations: a cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:189. [PMID: 38907251 PMCID: PMC11191228 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02179-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presently, the majority of investigations primarily evaluate the association between lipid profiles and asthma. However, few investigations explore the connection between lipids and mortality related to the disease. This study aims to explore the association of serum lipids with all-cause mortality within asthmatic adults. METHODS The investigation included 3233 eligible patients with asthma from the NHANES (2011-2018). The potential associations were explored using three Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), threshold effect models, and CoxBoost models. In addition, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate these associations within distinct populations. RESULTS After controlling all covariables, the Cox proportional hazards model proved a 17% decrease in the probability of death for each increased unit of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (mmol/L). Yet, there was no association seen between blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol, or triglyceride and all-cause mortality in asthmatics. The application of RCS and threshold effect models verified an inverse and linear association of LDL-C with all-cause mortality. According to the results from the CoxBoost model, LDL-C exhibited the most substantial impact on the follow-up status of asthmatics among the serum lipids. CONCLUSION Our investigation concluded that in American asthmatic populations, LDL-C levels were inversely and linearly correlated with mortality. However, no independent relationship was found between triglycerides, total cholesterol, or HDL-C and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongjuan Zhuang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingliu He
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengcheng Wei
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mohan Giri
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Wu Y, Jiang D, Liu Q, Yan S, Liu X, Wu T, Sun W, Li G. Cathepsin L induces cellular senescence by upregulating CUX1 and p16 INK4a. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:10749-10764. [PMID: 38944813 PMCID: PMC11272106 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Cathepsin L (CTSL) has been implicated in aging and age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, specifically atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism(s) is not well documented. Recently, we demonstrated a role of CUT-like homeobox 1 (CUX1) in regulating the p16INK4a-dependent cellular senescence in human endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via its binding to an atherosclerosis-associated functional SNP (fSNP) rs1537371 on the CDKN2A/B locus. In this study, to determine if CTSL, which was reported to proteolytically activate CUX1, regulates cellular senescence via CUX1, we measured the expression of CTSL, together with CUX1 and p16INK4a, in human ECs and VSMCs undergoing senescence. We discovered that CUX1 is not a substrate that is cleaved by CTSL. Instead, CTSL is an upstream regulator that activates CUX1 transcription indirectly in a process that requires the proteolytic activity of CTSL. Our findings suggest that there is a transcription factor in between CTSL and CUX1, and cleavage of this factor by CTSL can activate CUX1 transcription, inducing endothelial senescence. Thus, our findings provide new insights into the signal transduction pathway that leads to atherosclerosis-associated cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Danli Jiang
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- International Center for Aging and Cancer Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Shaoyang Yan
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Peking, China
| | - Xiuzhen Liu
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Chen Y, Wei Y, Tang W. The role of hydrogen in the prevention and treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 972:176586. [PMID: 38615891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) is a primary cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis (AS), which is characterized by chronic inflammation and lipid oxidative deposition. Molecular hydrogen (H2) is an effective anti-inflammatory agent and has potential to ameliorate glycolipid metabolism disorders, which is believed to exert beneficial effects on the prevention and treatment of CHD. It is suggested that H2 reduces inflammation in CHD by regulating multiple pathways, including NF-κB inflammatory pathway, pyroptosis, mitophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Additionally, H2 may improve glycolipid metabolism by mediation of PI3K and AMPK signalling pathways, contributing to inhibition of the occurrence and development of CHD. This review elaborates pathogenesis of CHD and evaluates the role of H2 in CHD. Moreover, possible molecular mechanisms have been discussed and speculated, aiming to provide more strategies and directions for subsequent studies of H2 in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxi Chen
- Research Institute of Heart Failure, Research Center for Translational Medicine & Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Youzhen Wei
- Hydrogen Medicine Center, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, PR China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 271100, PR China.
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Research Institute of Heart Failure, Research Center for Translational Medicine & Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, PR China; Research Institute of Regenerative Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, PR China.
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Munno M, Mallia A, Greco A, Modafferi G, Banfi C, Eligini S. Radical Oxygen Species, Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins, and Lectin-like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor 1: A Vicious Circle in Atherosclerotic Process. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:583. [PMID: 38790688 PMCID: PMC11118168 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex condition that involves the accumulation of lipids and subsequent plaque formation in the arterial intima. There are various stimuli, cellular receptors, and pathways involved in this process, but oxidative modifications of low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) are particularly important in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. Ox-LDLs promote foam-cell formation, activate proinflammatory pathways, and induce smooth-muscle-cell migration, apoptosis, and cell death. One of the major receptors for ox-LDL is LOX-1, which is upregulated in several cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. LOX-1 activation in endothelial cells promotes endothelial dysfunction and induces pro-atherogenic signaling, leading to plaque formation. The binding of ox-LDLs to LOX-1 increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can induce LOX-1 expression and oxidize LDLs, contributing to ox-LDL generation and further upregulating LOX-1 expression. This creates a vicious circle that is amplified in pathological conditions characterized by high plasma levels of LDLs. Although LOX-1 has harmful effects, the clinical significance of inhibiting this protein remains unclear. Further studies both in vitro and in vivo are needed to determine whether LOX-1 inhibition could be a potential therapeutic target to counteract the atherosclerotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Munno
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Alice Mallia
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Arianna Greco
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Gloria Modafferi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Cristina Banfi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Eligini
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
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Sharma H, Mossman K, Austin RC. Fatal attractions that trigger inflammation and drive atherosclerotic disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14169. [PMID: 38287209 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the salient, underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, pulmonary embolism and myocardial infarction. In recent years, atherosclerosis pathophysiology has evolved from a lipid-based to an inflammation-centric ideology. METHODS This narrative review is comprised of review and original articles that were found through the PubMed search engine. The following search terms or amalgamation of terms were used: "cardiovascular disease," "atherosclerosis," "inflammation," "GRP78," "Hsp60," "oxidative low-density lipoproteins," "aldehyde dehydrogenase," "β2-glycoprotein," "lipoprotein lipase A," "human cytomegalovirus." "SARS-CoV-2," "chlamydia pneumonia," "autophagy," "thrombosis" and "therapeutics." RESULTS Emerging evidence supports the concept that atherosclerosis is associated with the interaction between cell surface expression of stress response chaperones, including GRP78 and Hsp60, and their respective autoantibodies. Moreover, various other autoantigens and their autoantibodies have displayed a compelling connection with the development of atherosclerosis, including oxidative low-density lipoproteins, aldehyde dehydrogenase, β2-glycoprotein and lipoprotein lipase A. Atherosclerosis progression is also concurrent with viral and bacterial activators of various diseases. This narrative review will focus on the contributions of human cytomegalovirus as well as SARS-CoV-2 and chlamydia pneumonia in atherosclerosis development. Notably, the interaction of an autoantigen with their respective autoantibodies or the presence of a foreign antigen can enhance inflammation development, which leads to atherosclerotic lesion progression. CONCLUSION We will highlight and discuss the complex role of the interaction between autoantigens and autoantibodies, and the presence of foreign antigens in the development of atherosclerotic lesions in relationship to pro-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Sharma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- Department of Medicine, Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research and the McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton and the Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Zhou H, Li X, Wang W, Zha Y, Gao G, Li S, Liu B, Guo R. Immune-inflammatory biomarkers for the occurrence of MACE in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1367919. [PMID: 38751661 PMCID: PMC11094260 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1367919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), lymphocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LHR), platelet-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI) have been identified as immune-inflammatory biomarkers associated with the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship of these biomarkers with the prognosis of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) remains unclear. Method Patients with MINOCA who underwent coronary angiography at the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force were included in our study. Clinical baseline characteristics and laboratory testing data were collected from the hospital record system. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurrence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between NHR, MHR, LHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, AISI, and MACE. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the predictive value of NHR, MHR, LHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, and AISI for MACE in patients with MINOCA. The accuracy of the prediction was indicated by the area under the curve (AUC) value. Results The study included 335 patients with MINOCA. (81 in the MACE group and 254 in the No-MACE group). The MACE group had higher levels of NHR, MHR, LHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, and AISI than the No-MACE group. Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors indicated that the higher levels of NHR, MHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, and AISI were associated with the occurrence of MACE in patients with MINOCA (P < 0.001). The AUC values for NHR, MHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, and AISI were 0.695, 0.747, 0.674, 0.673, 0.688, and 0.676, respectively. The combination of NHR, MHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, and AISI improved the accuracy of predicting MACE in patients with MINOCA (AUC = 0.804). Conclusion Higher levels of NHR, MHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, and AISI were associated with the occurrence of MACE, and the combination of NHR, MHR, PHR, SII, SIRI, and AISI improved the accuracy for predicting the incidence of MACE events in patients with MINOCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongya Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University, The 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Cardiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xicong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University, The 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Cardiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University, The 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Cardiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyi Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming Medical University, The 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Cardiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanli Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunming Medical University, The 920th Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Silin Li
- Department of Cardiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Nyárády BB, Kiss LZ, Bagyura Z, Merkely B, Dósa E, Láng O, Kőhidai L, Pállinger É. Growth and differentiation factor-15: A link between inflammaging and cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116475. [PMID: 38522236 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related disorders are closely linked to the accumulation of senescent cells. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) sustains and progresses chronic inflammation, which is involved in cellular and tissue dysfunction. SASP-related growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that is coupled to aging and thus may have a regulatory role in the development and maintenance of atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the effects of GDF-15 are tissue-specific and dependent on microenvironmental changes such as inflammation, available data suggest that GDF-15 has a significant role in CVD. Thus, GDF-15 is a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target for atherosclerotic CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Bence Nyárády
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor utca 68, Budapest H-1122, Hungary.
| | - Loretta Zsuzsa Kiss
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor utca 68, Budapest H-1122, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Bagyura
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor utca 68, Budapest H-1122, Hungary.
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor utca 68, Budapest H-1122, Hungary.
| | - Edit Dósa
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor utca 68, Budapest H-1122, Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Láng
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest H-1089, Hungary.
| | - László Kőhidai
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest H-1089, Hungary.
| | - Éva Pállinger
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest H-1089, Hungary.
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Zeng M, Yang Y, Wang Z, Zhao X, Zhu D, Wang M, Chen Y, Wei X. CTRP9 prevents atherosclerosis progression through changing autophagic status of macrophages by activating USP22 mediated-de-ubiquitination on Sirt1 in vitro. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 584:112161. [PMID: 38280475 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is commonly regarded as a key driver accounted for the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. A growing body of evidence indicates that autophagy in macrophages involved in AS might be a potential therapeutic target. C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) has been proven to delay the progression of cardiovascular diseases. However, the relations between CTRP9 and Sirt1, as well as their effects on macrophages autophagy have not been fully explored. METHODS Macrophages were differentiated from mononuclear cells collected from peripheral blood samples of healthy donors. The in vitro AS models were constructed by ox-LDL treatment. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay. Immunofluorescence assay of LC3 was implemented for evaluating autophagy activity. Oil Red O staining was performed for lipid accumulation detection. ELISA, cholesterol concentration assay and cholesterol efflux analysis were conducted using commercial kits. Cycloheximide assay was implemented for revealing protein stability. RT-qPCR was used for mRNA expression detection, and western blotting was performed for protein level monitoring. RESULTS CTRP9 attenuated impaired cell viability, autophagy inhibition and increased lipid accumulation induced by ox-LDL. Moreover, CTRP9 maintained Sirt1 protein level through enhancing its stability through de-ubiquitination, which was mediated by upregulated USP22 level. CRTP9 exerted its protective role in promoting autophagy and reducing lipid accumulation through the USP22/Sirt1 axis. CONCLUSION Collectively, CTRP9 alleviates lipid accumulation and facilitated the macrophages autophagy by upregulating USP22 level and maintaining Sirt1 protein expression, thereby exerting a protective role in AS progression in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zeng
- Medical Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China.
| | - Yali Yang
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Xiuyang Zhao
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Dianshu Zhu
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Yue Chen
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Xin Wei
- Otolaryngology Department, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, PR China.
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Arkelius K, Wendt TS, Andersson H, Arnou A, Gottschalk M, Gonzales RJ, Ansar S. LOX-1 and MMP-9 Inhibition Attenuates the Detrimental Effects of Delayed rt-PA Therapy and Improves Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke. Circ Res 2024; 134:954-969. [PMID: 38501247 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke triggers endothelial activation that disrupts vascular integrity and increases hemorrhagic transformation leading to worsened stroke outcomes. rt-PA (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator) is an effective treatment; however, its use is limited due to a restricted time window and hemorrhagic transformation risk, which in part may involve activation of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) mediated through LOX-1 (lectin-like oxLDL [oxidized low-density lipoprotein] receptor 1). This study's overall aim was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of novel MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9) ± LOX-1 inhibitors in combination with rt-PA to improve stroke outcomes. METHODS A rat thromboembolic stroke model was utilized to investigate the impact of rt-PA delivered 4 hours poststroke onset as well as selective MMP-9 (JNJ0966) ±LOX-1 (BI-0115) inhibitors given before rt-PA administration. Infarct size, perfusion, and hemorrhagic transformation were evaluated by 9.4-T magnetic resonance imaging, vascular and parenchymal MMP-9 activity via zymography, and neurological function was assessed using sensorimotor function testing. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to hypoxia plus glucose deprivation/reperfusion (hypoxia plus glucose deprivation 3 hours/R 24 hours) and treated with ±tPA and ±MMP-9 ±LOX-1 inhibitors. Barrier function was assessed via transendothelial electrical resistance, MMP-9 activity was determined with zymography, and LOX-1 and barrier gene expression/levels were measured using qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR) and Western blot. RESULTS Stroke and subsequent rt-PA treatment increased edema, hemorrhage, MMP-9 activity, LOX-1 expression, and worsened neurological outcomes. LOX-1 inhibition improved neurological function, reduced edema, and improved endothelial barrier integrity. Elevated MMP-9 activity correlated with increased edema, infarct volume, and decreased neurological function. MMP-9 inhibition reduced MMP-9 activity and LOX-1 expression. In human brain microvascular endothelial cells, LOX-1/MMP-9 inhibition differentially attenuated MMP-9 levels, inflammation, and activation following hypoxia plus glucose deprivation/R. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that LOX-1 inhibition and ± MMP-9 inhibition attenuate negative aspects of ischemic stroke with rt-PA therapy, thus resulting in improved neurological function. While no synergistic effect was observed with simultaneous LOX-1 and MMP-9 inhibition, a distinct interaction is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Arkelius
- Applied Neurovascular Research, Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden (K.A., H.A., A.A., S.A.)
| | - Trevor S Wendt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (T.S.W., R.J.G.)
| | - Henrik Andersson
- Applied Neurovascular Research, Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden (K.A., H.A., A.A., S.A.)
| | - Anaële Arnou
- Applied Neurovascular Research, Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden (K.A., H.A., A.A., S.A.)
| | | | - Rayna J Gonzales
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ (T.S.W., R.J.G.)
| | - Saema Ansar
- Applied Neurovascular Research, Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden (K.A., H.A., A.A., S.A.)
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Alruhaimi RS, Siddiq Abduh M, Ahmeda AF, Bin-Ammar A, Kamel EM, Hassanein EHM, Li C, Mahmoud AM. Berberine attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress and modulates lymphocyte E-NTPDase in acute hyperlipidemia. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22166. [PMID: 38424708 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a common clinically encountered health condition worldwide that promotes the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. Berberine (BBR) is a natural product with acknowledged anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic effects. This study evaluated the effect of BBR on lipid alterations, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in rats with acute hyperlipidemia induced by poloxamer-407 (P-407). Rats were pretreated with BBR (25 and 50 mg/kg) for 14 days and acute hyperlipidemia was induced by a single dose of P-407 (500 mg/kg). BBR ameliorated hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and plasma lipoproteins in P-407-adminsitered rats. Plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity was decreased, and hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activity was enhanced in hyperlipidemic rats. The expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) was downregulated in hyperlipidemic rats. BBR enhanced LPL activity, upregulated LDL-R, and ABCA1, and suppressed HMG-CoA reductase in P-407-administered rats. Pretreatment with BBR ameliorated lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory mediators (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interferon-γ, IL-4 and IL-18) and enhanced antioxidants. In addition, BBR suppressed lymphocyte ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) and ecto-adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) as well as NO and TNF-α release by macrophages isolated from normal and hyperlipidemic rats. In silico investigations revealed the binding affinity of BBR toward LPL, HMG-CoA reductase, LDL-R, PSK9, ABCA1, and E-NTPDase. In conclusion, BBR effectively prevented acute hyperlipidemia and its associated inflammatory responses by modulating LPL, cholesterolgenesis, cytokine release, and lymphocyte E-NTPDase and E-ADA. Therefore, BBR is an effective and safe natural compound that might be employed as an adjuvant against hyperlipidemia and its associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem S Alruhaimi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maisa Siddiq Abduh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Immune Responses in Different Diseases Research Group, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad F Ahmeda
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Albandari Bin-Ammar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emadeldin M Kamel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- Zoology Department, Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Liu J, Zhang X, Yu Z, Zhang T. Circ_0026218 ameliorates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced vascular endothelial cell dysfunction by regulating miR-188-3p/TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:263-277. [PMID: 36585554 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have shown important regulatory roles in cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS). However, the role and mechanism of circ_0026218 in AS remain unclear. METHODS The cell model of AS in vitro was established by stimulating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). In addition, circ_0026218, microRNA-188-3p (miR-188-3p), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression was determined via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in serum samples from AS patients and healthy volunteers. Cell proliferation was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. The inflammatory response was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Oxidative stress level was assessed using corresponding kits. Nitric oxide (NO) level was examined using NO detection assay. The interaction between miR-188-3p and circ_0026218 or TLR4 was determined via dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays. Exosomes were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The size distribution of exosomes was analyzed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). RESULTS Ox-LDL treatment caused HUVEC dysfunction by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Circ_0026218 was upregulated in AS serum samples and ox-LDL-treated HUVECs. Knockdown of circ_0026218 attenuated ox-LDL-induced dysfunction in HUVECs. MiR-188-3p acted as a target of circ_0026218, and miR-188-3p downregulation reversed the suppression role of circ_0026218 knockdown on ox-LDL-induced HUVEC disorder. TLR4 was a target of miR-188-3p, and miR-188-3p overexpression alleviated ox-LDL-induced dysfunction in HUVECs by targeting TLR4. Circ_0026218 could deregulate the TLR4/NF-κB pathway by sponging the miR-188-3p. Importantly, circ_0026218 was overexpressed in exosomes from ox-LDL-treated HUVECs and could be delivered via exosomes. CONCLUSION Circ_0026218 knockdown attenuated ox-LDL-induced dysfunction in HUVECs via regulating miR-188-3p/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Departments of coronary heart disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi City, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Departments of coronary heart disease, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi City, China
| | - Zhaoxia Yu
- Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi City, China
| | - Tieliang Zhang
- Image Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liushan South Road, Urumqi City, 830000, Xinjiang Province, China.
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Lei H, Guo W, Pan Y, Lu X, Zhang Q. LOX-1 regulation of H-type vascular endothelial cell regeneration in hyperglycemia. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:515-524. [PMID: 38244081 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is the most common secondary form of osteoporosis. Diabetes mellitus affects bone metabolism; however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression is upregulated in conditions characterized by vascular injury, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Additionally, Notch, HIF-1α, and VEGF are involved in angiogenesis and bone formation. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression of Notch, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the LOX-1 silencing state. METHODS Rat bone H-type vascular endothelial cells (THVECs) were isolated and cultured in vitro. Cell identification was performed using immunofluorescent co-expression of CD31 and Emcn. Lentiviral silencing vector (LV-LOX-1) targeting LOX-1 was constructed using genetic recombination technology and transfected into the cells. The experimental groups included the following: NC group, HG group, LV-LOX-1 group, LV-CON group, HG + LV-LOX-1 group, HG + LV-CON group, HG + LV-LOX-1 + FLI-06 group, HG + LV-CON + FLI-06 group, HG + LV-LOX-1 + LW6 group, and HG + LV-CON + LW6 group. The levels of LOX-1, Notch, Hif-1α, and VEGF were detected using PCR and WB techniques to investigate whether the expression of LOX-1 under high glucose conditions has a regulatory effect on downstream molecules at the gene and protein levels, as well as the specific molecular mechanisms involved. RESULTS High glucose (HG) conditions led to a significant increase in LOX-1 expression, leading to inhibition of angiogenesis, whereas silencing LOX-1 can reverse this phenomenon. Further analysis reveals that changes in LOX-1 will promote changes in Notch/HIF-1α and VEGF. Moreover, Notch mediates the activation of HIF-1α and VEGF. CONCLUSIONS The activation of LOX-1 and the inhibition of Notch/HIF-1α/VEGF in THVECs are the main causes of DOP. These findings contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of DOP and offer a novel approach for preventing and treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Lei
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Youzhuo Pan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xun Lu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Liu J, Wang C, Qiu S, Sun W, Yang G, Yuan L. Toward Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Targets, Strategies, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1416-1428. [PMID: 38391247 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes vasculopathy is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and early identification and timely intervention can effectively slow the progression. Accumulating studies have shown that diabetes causes vascular complications directly or indirectly through a variety of mechanisms. Direct imaging of the endothelial molecular changes not only identifies the early stage of diabetes vasculopathy but also sheds light on the precise treatment. Targeted ultrasound contrast agent (UCA)-based ultrasound molecular imaging (UMI) can noninvasively detect the expression status of molecular biomarkers overexpressed in the vasculature, thereby being a potential strategy for the diagnosis and treatment response evaluation of DM. Amounts of efforts have been focused on identification of the molecular targets expressed in the vasculature, manufacturing strategies of the targeted UCA, and the clinical translation for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in both micro- and macrovasculopathy in DM. This review summarizes the latest research progress on endothelium-targeted UCA and discusses their promising future and challenges in diabetes vasculopathy theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Shuo Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
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Wang XX, Li ZH, Du HY, Liu WB, Zhang CJ, Xu X, Ke H, Peng R, Yang DG, Li JJ, Gao F. The role of foam cells in spinal cord injury: challenges and opportunities for intervention. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368203. [PMID: 38545108 PMCID: PMC10965697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a large amount of tissue cell debris in the lesion site, which interacts with various cytokines, including inflammatory factors, and the intrinsic glial environment of the central nervous system (CNS) to form an inhibitory microenvironment that impedes nerve regeneration. The efficient clearance of tissue debris is crucial for the resolution of the inhibitory microenvironment after SCI. Macrophages are the main cells responsible for tissue debris removal after SCI. However, the high lipid content in tissue debris and the dysregulation of lipid metabolism within macrophages lead to their transformation into foamy macrophages during the phagocytic process. This phenotypic shift is associated with a further pro-inflammatory polarization that may aggravate neurological deterioration and hamper nerve repair. In this review, we summarize the phenotype and metabolism of macrophages under inflammatory conditions, as well as the mechanisms and consequences of foam cell formation after SCI. Moreover, we discuss two strategies for foam cell modulation and several potential therapeutic targets that may enhance the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xin Wang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Hui Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hua-Yong Du
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Bo Liu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Jia Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Han Ke
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Run Peng
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - De-Gang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
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22
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Gupta P, Kumar R. Nitric oxide: A potential etiological agent for vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell disease. Nitric Oxide 2024; 144:40-46. [PMID: 38316197 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a vasodilator contributes to the vaso-occlusive crisis associated with the sickle cell disease (SCD). Vascular nitric oxide helps in vasodilation, controlled platelet aggregation, and preventing adhesion of sickled red blood cells to the endothelium. It decreases the expression of pro-inflammatory genes responsible for atherogenesis associated with SCD. Haemolysis and activated endothelium in SCD patients reduce the bioavailability of NO which promotes the severity of sickle cell disease mainly causes vaso-occlusive crises. Additionally, NO depletion can also contribute to the formation of thrombus, which can cause serious complications such as stroke, pulmonary embolism etc. Understanding the multifaceted role of NO provides valuable insights into its therapeutic potential for managing SCD and preventing associated complications. Various clinical trials and studies suggested the importance of artificially induced nitric oxide and its supplements in the reduction of severity. Further research on the mechanisms of NO depletion in SCD is needed to develop more effective treatment strategies and improve the management of this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Gupta
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, India.
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23
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Lv N, Wang L, Zeng M, Wang Y, Yu B, Zeng W, Jiang X, Suo Y. Saponins as therapeutic candidates for atherosclerosis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1651-1680. [PMID: 38299680 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Drug development for atherosclerosis, the underlying pathological state of ischemic cardiovascular diseases, has posed a longstanding challenge. Saponins, classified as steroid or triterpenoid glycosides, have shown promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Through an exhaustive examination of scientific literature spanning from May 2013 to May 2023, we identified 82 references evaluating 37 types of saponins in terms of their prospective impacts on atherosclerosis. These studies suggest that saponins have the potential to ameliorate atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism, inhibiting inflammation, suppressing apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, as well as regulating gut microbiota, autophagy, endothelial senescence, and angiogenesis. Notably, ginsenosides exhibit significant potential and manifest essential pharmacological attributes, including lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidative stress effects. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the pharmacological attributes of saponins in atherosclerosis, with particular emphasis on their role in the regulation of lipid metabolism regulation and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, saponins may warrant further investigation as a potential therapy for atherosclerosis. However, due to various reasons such as low oral bioavailability, the clinical application of saponins in the treatment of atherosclerosis still needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuan Lv
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Luming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- Oncology Department, Ganzhou people's hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanrong Suo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Ganzhou people's hospital, Ganzhou, China
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24
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Tan W, Zhang J, Dai F, Yang D, Gu R, Tang L, Liu H, Cheng YX. Insights on the NF-κB system in polycystic ovary syndrome, attractive therapeutic targets. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:467-486. [PMID: 37097332 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor κappa B (NF-κB) signaling plays a well-known function in inflammation and regulates a wide variety of biological processes. Low-grade chronic inflammation is gradually considered to be closely related to the pathogenesis of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this review, we provide an overview on the involvement of NF-κB in the progression of PCOS particularly, such as hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and endometrial dysfunction. From a clinical perspective, progressive recognition of NF-κB pathway provides opportunities for therapeutic interventions aimed at inhibiting pathway-specific mechanisms. With the accumulation of basic experimental and clinical data, NF-κB signaling pathway was recognized as a therapeutic target. Although there have been no specific small molecule NF-κB inhibitors in PCOS, a plethora of natural and synthetic compound have emerged for the pharmacologic intervention of the pathway. The traditional herbs developed for NF-κB pathway have become increasingly popular in recent years. Abundant evidence elucidated that NF-κB inhibitors can significantly improve the symptoms of PCOS. Herein, we summarized evidence relating to how NF-κB pathway is involved in the development and progression of PCOS. Furthermore, we present an in-depth overview of NF-κB inhibitors for therapy interventions of PCOS. Taken together, the NF-κB signaling may be a futuristic treatment strategy for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujia Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Xiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Bagheri B, Khatibiyan Feyzabadi Z, Nouri A, Azadfallah A, Mahdizade Ari M, Hemmati M, Darban M, Alavi Toosi P, Banihashemian SZ. Atherosclerosis and Toll-Like Receptor4 (TLR4), Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-1 (LOX-1), and Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type9 (PCSK9). Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:5830491. [PMID: 38445291 PMCID: PMC10914434 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5830491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death in the world. A significant body of evidence suggests that inflammation and various players are implicated and have pivotal roles in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is linked with different stages of atherosclerosis. This receptor is highly expressed in the endothelial cells (ECs) and atherosclerotic plaques. TLR4 activation can lead to the production of inflammatory cytokines and related responses. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein-1 (LOX-1), an integral membrane glycoprotein with widespread expression on the ECs, is involved in atherosclerosis and has some common pathways with TLR4 in atherosclerotic lesions. In addition, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type9 (PCSK9), which is a regulatory enzyme with different roles in cholesterol uptake, is implicated in atherosclerosis. At present, TLR4, PCSK9, and LOX-1 are increasingly acknowledged as key players in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we presented the current evidence on the structure, functions, and roles of TLR4, PCSK9, and LOX-1 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahador Bagheri
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Ahmad Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Azadfallah
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahyar Mahdizade Ari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Maral Hemmati
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Darban
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kowsar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Parisa Alavi Toosi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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26
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Nègre-Salvayre A, Salvayre R. Reactive Carbonyl Species and Protein Lipoxidation in Atherogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:232. [PMID: 38397830 PMCID: PMC10886358 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease of medium and large arteries, characterized by the presence of lipid-rich plaques lining the intima over time. It is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases and death worldwide. Redox imbalance and lipid peroxidation could play key roles in atherosclerosis by promoting a bundle of responses, including endothelial activation, inflammation, and foam cell formation. The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids generates various lipid oxidation products such as reactive carbonyl species (RCS), including 4-hydroxy alkenals, malondialdehyde, and acrolein. RCS covalently bind to nucleophilic groups of nucleic acids, phospholipids, and proteins, modifying their structure and activity and leading to their progressive dysfunction. Protein lipoxidation is the non-enzymatic post-translational modification of proteins by RCS. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and apolipoprotein B (apoB) modification by RCS play a major role in foam cell formation. Moreover, oxidized LDLs are a source of RCS, which form adducts on a huge number of proteins, depending on oxidative stress intensity, the nature of targets, and the availability of detoxifying systems. Many systems are affected by lipoxidation, including extracellular matrix components, membranes, cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal proteins, transcription factors, and other components. The mechanisms involved in lipoxidation-induced vascular dysfunction are not fully elucidated. In this review, we focus on protein lipoxidation during atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nègre-Salvayre
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), 1297 Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rangueil—BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Robert Salvayre
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), 1297 Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rangueil—BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France
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27
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Su Z, Wang J, Xiao C, Zhong W, Liu J, Liu X, Zhu YZ. Functional role of Ash2l in oxLDL induced endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:62. [PMID: 38280036 PMCID: PMC10821849 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial injury and dysfunction in the artery wall fuel the process of atherosclerosis. As a key epigenetic regulator, Ash2l (Absent, small, or homeotic-Like 2) is involved in regulating vascular injury and its complications. However, the role of Ash2l in atherosclerosis has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we found increased Ash2l expression in high-cholesterol diet-fed ApoE-/- mice and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) treated endothelial cells (ECs). Furthermore, Ash2l promoted the scavenger receptors transcription by catalyzing histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) trimethylation at the promoter region of transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and triggered the activation of the pro-inflammatory nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) by enhancing interaction between CD36 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Meanwhile, enhanced expression of scavenger receptors drove more oxLDL uptake by ECs. In vivo studies revealed that ECs-specific Ash2l knockdown reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation and promoted fibrous cap stability in the aorta of ApoE-/- mice, which was partly associated with a reduced endothelial activation by suppressing scavenger receptors and the uptake of lipids by ECs. Collectively, our findings identify Ash2l as a novel regulator that mediates endothelial injury and atherosclerosis. Targeting Ash2l may provide valuable insights for developing novel therapeutic candidates for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Su
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinghuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chenxi Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiayao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Pharmacophenomics Laboratory, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825, Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and 1st affiliate hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa, Macau, China.
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28
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Wang W, Ye J, Xu L, Mo DG, Chen C, Li T, Yao HC. The effects of IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 treatments on the atherosclerosis in the aorta and the coronary arteries of the high cholesterol diet-fed rabbits. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111409. [PMID: 38118312 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated suppression of aortic atherosclerosis by insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Though a recent study has reported that IGF-1 exerts anti-atherogenic effects in coronary arteries, the mechanisms of IGF-1 in coronary arteries need to be further verified. Studies about insulin like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) in atherosclerosis are rarely. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 on the atherosclerosis development in the aorta and coronary arteries of the high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits were fed either normal chow (n = 5) or a diet containing 1.0 % cholesterol (n = 18) for 12 weeks. Cholesterol-fed rabbits were given IGF-1 or IGFBP-2 or saline intravenously (each n = 6) for 10 weeks. The results revealed that IGF-1 decreased total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (p < 0.05), whereas IGFBP-2 did not. IGF-1 significantly attenuated atherosclerotic lesions and reduced accumulated macrophages within the coronary artery plaques, whereas IGFBP-2 deteriorated these changes. Moreover, IGF-1 reduced serum platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase levels, C reactive protein (CRP), and inhibited the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). IGFBP-2 elevated serum 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels, CRP, and promoted the protein expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6. In conclusion, IGF-1 can substantially suppress plaque formation in coronary arteries with a marked inhibition of macrophage accumulation likely via its anti-inflammatory properties, whereas IGFBP-2 plays an opposite effect on atherosclerosis. The present study highlighted a theoretical basis for pharmacological treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Li Xu
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - De-Gang Mo
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Urology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, PR China
| | - Tai Li
- Department of Nursing, Liaocheng Vocational & Technical College, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Heng-Chen Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China; Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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29
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Zeng J, Xie C, Huang Z, Cho CH, Chan H, Li Q, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Wong SH, Yu J, Gong W, Liang C, Xu H, Chen H, Liu X, Wu JCY, Ip M, Gin T, Zhang L, Chan MTV, Hu W, Wu WKK. LOX-1 acts as an N 6-methyladenosine-regulated receptor for Helicobacter pylori by binding to the bacterial catalase. Nat Commun 2024; 15:669. [PMID: 38253620 PMCID: PMC10803311 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of host mRNA during bacterial infection is unclear. Here, we show that Helicobacter pylori infection upregulates host m6A methylases and increases m6A levels in gastric epithelial cells. Reducing m6A methylase activity via hemizygotic deletion of methylase-encoding gene Mettl3 in mice, or via small interfering RNAs targeting m6A methylases, enhances H. pylori colonization. We identify LOX-1 mRNA as a key m6A-regulated target during H. pylori infection. m6A modification destabilizes LOX-1 mRNA and reduces LOX-1 protein levels. LOX-1 acts as a membrane receptor for H. pylori catalase and contributes to bacterial adhesion. Pharmacological inhibition of LOX-1, or genetic ablation of Lox-1, reduces H. pylori colonization. Moreover, deletion of the bacterial catalase gene decreases adhesion of H. pylori to human gastric sections. Our results indicate that m6A modification of host LOX-1 mRNA contributes to protection against H. pylori infection by downregulating LOX-1 and thus reducing H. pylori adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judeng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ziheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi H Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hung Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- Howard University Hospital, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Duane T Smoot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Institute for Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huarong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Justin C Y Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Margaret Ip
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tony Gin
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - William K K Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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Truthe S, Klassert TE, Schmelz S, Jonigk D, Blankenfeldt W, Slevogt H. Role of Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 in Inflammation and Pathogen-Associated Interactions. J Innate Immun 2024; 16:105-132. [PMID: 38232720 PMCID: PMC10866614 DOI: 10.1159/000535793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is known as a major receptor for oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) and plays a significant role in the genesis of atherosclerosis. Recent research has shown its involvement in cancer, ischemic stroke, and diabetes. LOX-1 is a C-type lectin receptor and is involved in the activation of immune cells and inflammatory processes. It may further interact with pathogens, suggesting a role in infections or the host's response. SUMMARY This review compiles the current knowledge of potential implications of LOX-1 in inflammatory processes and in host-pathogen interactions with a particular emphasis on its regulatory role in immune responses. Also discussed are genomic and structural variations found in LOX-1 homologs across different species as well as potential involvements of LOX-1 in inflammatory processes from the angle of different cell types and organ-specific interactions. KEY MESSAGES The results presented reveal both similar and different structures in human and murine LOX-1 and provide clues as to the possible origins of different modes of interaction. These descriptions raise concerns about the suitability, particularly of mouse models, that are often used in the analysis of its functionality in humans. Further research should also aim to better understand the mostly unknown binding and interaction mechanisms between LOX-1 and different pathogens. This pursuit will not only enhance our understanding of LOX-1 involvement in inflammatory processes but also identify potential targets for immunomodulatory approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Truthe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), BREATH, Hannover, Germany,
- Dynamics of Respiratory Infection Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany,
- Hannover Biomedical Research School (HRBS) and ZIB (Centre of Infection Biology), Braunschweig, Germany,
| | - Tilman E Klassert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), BREATH, Hannover, Germany
- Dynamics of Respiratory Infection Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmelz
- Department Structure and Function of Proteins, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Medical University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Department Structure and Function of Proteins, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), BREATH, Hannover, Germany
- Dynamics of Respiratory Infection Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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Cestari AP, Gasparotto FM, Kassuya CAL, Lacerda TMR, Donadel G, Moura CS, Ceranto DB, Jacomassi E, Alberton O, Tramontini SB, Bertoncello LA, Gasparotto Junior A, Lourenço ELB. Ateroprotective effects of Plinia cauliflora in. New Zealand rabbits: beyond the lipid-lowering effect. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1244632. [PMID: 38283628 PMCID: PMC10811141 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1244632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plinia cauliflora [Mart.] Kausel (Myrtaceae), popularly known as "jabuticaba," is a fruit species native to Brazil. Despite extensive widespread usage, its antiatherosclerotic properties' impact remains unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of a preparation obtained from the fruit peels of P. cauliflora (EEPC). Methods: Male New Zealand rabbits received a 1% cholesterol-supplemented diet for 60 days. On the thirtieth day, the animals were divided into five experimental groups and received, once a day, by the oral route, the EEPC (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg), simvastatin (2.5 mg/kg), or vehicle for 30 days. At the end of the experimental period, peripheral blood and arterial branch samples were collected. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrotyrosine (NT), nitrite, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1b), interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) levels were measured. Moreover, the catalase and superoxide dismutase levels were measured on the arterial samples. Histopathological analysis and arterial morphometry were also performed. Results and discussion: The oral administration of ESEG significantly lowered the levels of lipids in rabbits that were fed a CRD diet. This treatment also adjusted the protective system against oxidation in the arteries by decreasing the oxidation of lipids and proteins. Additionally, the levels of IL-1b, IL-6, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 in the bloodstream decreased significantly, and this was accompanied by a reduction of atherosclerotic lesions in all branches of the arteries. The findings suggest that EEPC may be a possible option for additional management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Cestari
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Francielly Mourão Gasparotto
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Tauany Milan Ribeiro Lacerda
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Donadel
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Catia Sari Moura
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Daniela Boleta Ceranto
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Ezilda Jacomassi
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Odair Alberton
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Salviano Belletini Tramontini
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Luana Ale Bertoncello
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
- Master’s Degree in Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines in Basic Healthcare, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
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Butcko AJ, Putman AK, Mottillo EP. The Intersection of Genetic Factors, Aberrant Nutrient Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in the Progression of Cardiometabolic Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:87. [PMID: 38247511 PMCID: PMC10812494 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD), which encompasses metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), has been increasing considerably in the past 50 years. CMD is a complex disease that can be influenced by genetics and environmental factors such as diet. With the increased reliance on processed foods containing saturated fats, fructose and cholesterol, a mechanistic understanding of how these molecules cause metabolic disease is required. A major pathway by which excessive nutrients contribute to CMD is through oxidative stress. In this review, we discuss how oxidative stress can drive CMD and the role of aberrant nutrient metabolism and genetic risk factors and how they potentially interact to promote progression of MAFLD, CVD and CKD. This review will focus on genetic mutations that are known to alter nutrient metabolism. We discuss the major genetic risk factors for MAFLD, which include Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), Membrane Bound O-Acyltransferase Domain Containing 7 (MBOAT7) and Transmembrane 6 Superfamily Member 2 (TM6SF2). In addition, mutations that prevent nutrient uptake cause hypercholesterolemia that contributes to CVD. We also discuss the mechanisms by which MAFLD, CKD and CVD are mutually associated with one another. In addition, some of the genetic risk factors which are associated with MAFLD and CVD are also associated with CKD, while some genetic risk factors seem to dissociate one disease from the other. Through a better understanding of the causative effect of genetic mutations in CMD and how aberrant nutrient metabolism intersects with our genetics, novel therapies and precision approaches can be developed for treating CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Butcko
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, 6135 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (A.J.B.); (A.K.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield Street, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ashley K. Putman
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, 6135 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (A.J.B.); (A.K.P.)
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Emilio P. Mottillo
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, 6135 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (A.J.B.); (A.K.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield Street, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Pyrpyris N, Dimitriadis K, Beneki E, Iliakis P, Soulaidopoulos S, Tsioufis P, Adamopoulou E, Kasiakogias A, Sakalidis A, Koutsopoulos G, Aggeli K, Tsioufis K. LOX-1 Receptor: A Diagnostic Tool and Therapeutic Target in Atherogenesis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102117. [PMID: 37802161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) are major contributors to atherogenesis, as endogenous antigens, via several receptors such as LOX 1. A PubMed search was conducted in order to identify relevant articles regarding LOX-1's role in the atherosclerosis, diagnosis, prognostic use and molecules that could be used for therapy. The references of the manuscripts obtained were also reviewed, in order to find additional relevant bibliography. LOX-1 is a lectin-like pattern recognition receptor, mostly expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) which can bind a variety of molecules, including oxLDL and C-reactive protein (CRP). LOX-1 plays a key role in oxLDL's role as a causative agent of atherosclerosis through several pathologic mechanisms, such as oxLDL deposition in the subintima, foam cell formation and endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, LOX-1 acts a scavenger receptor for oxLDL in macrophages and can be responsible for oxLDL uptake, when stimulated. Serum LOX-1 (sLOX-1) has emerged as a new, potential biomarker for diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes, and it seems promising for use along with other common biomarkers in everyday clinical practice. In a therapeutic perspective, natural as well as synthetic molecules exert anti-LOX-1 properties and attain the receptor's pathophysiological effects, thus extensive research is ongoing to further evaluate molecules with therapeutic potential. However, most of these molecules need further trials in order to properly assess their safety and efficacy for clinical use. The aim of this review is to investigate LOX-1 role in atherogenesis and explore its potential as diagnostic tool and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Pyrpyris
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Dimitriadis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Eirini Beneki
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Iliakis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Soulaidopoulos
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsioufis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Adamopoulou
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Kasiakogias
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Sakalidis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Koutsopoulos
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Aggeli
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tsioufis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Zhou J, Tang CK. Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Protein 1 and Atherosclerosis: Prospective Target and New Insights. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2024; 22:95-105. [PMID: 38284693 DOI: 10.2174/0115701611258090231221082502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The ribonucleic acid (RNA)-binding protein Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Protein 1 (CPEB1), a key member of the CPEB family, is essential in controlling gene expression involved in both healthy physiological and pathological processes. CPEB1 can bind to the 3'- untranslated regions (UTR) of substrate messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and regulate its translation. There is increasing evidence that CPEB1 is closely related to the pathological basis of atherosclerosis. According to recent investigations, many pathological processes, including inflammation, lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, apoptosis, and insulin resistance, are regulated by CPEB1. This review considers the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic heart disease in relation to the evolution of the physiological function of CPEB1, recent research breakthroughs, and the potential participation of CPEB1 in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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35
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Yu W, Yang B, Xu S, Gao Y, Huang Y, Wang Z. Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:4247-4261. [PMID: 38164419 PMCID: PMC10758178 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s438111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic complications can be divided into macrovascular complications such as cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease and microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy. Among them, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of death in diabetic patients. Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is one of the main reasons for the increasing disability rate of diabetes. In recent years, some studies have found that because DR and CVD have a common pathophysiological basis, the occurrence of DR and CVD are inseparable, and to a certain extent, DR can predict the occurrence of CVD. With the development of technology, the fundus parameters of DR can be quantitatively analyzed as an independent risk factor of CVD. In addition, the cytokines related to DR can also be used for early screening of DR. Although many advances have been made in the treatment of CVD, its situation of prevention and treatment is still not optimistic. This review hopes to discuss the feasibility of DR in predicting CVD from the common pathophysiological mechanism of DR and CVD, the new progress of diagnostic techniques for DR, and the biomarkers for early screening of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siting Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
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Cho KH, Baek SH, Nam HS, Bahuguna A. Enhancement of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Properties of Beeswax Alcohol in Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein: Safeguarding against Carboxymethyllysine Toxicity in Zebrafish. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2116. [PMID: 38136235 PMCID: PMC10740997 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities of beeswax alcohol (BWA) are well reported in animal and human clinical studies, with a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood, reduced liver steatosis, and decreased insulin. However, there has been insufficient information to explain BWAs in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity owing to its limited solubility in an aqueous buffer system. Herein, three distinct reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (rHDL) were prepared with palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC), cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and BWA at molar ratios of 95:5:1:0 (rHDL-0), 95:5:1:0.5 (rHDL-0.5), and 95:5:1:1 (rHDL-1) and examined for antioxidant and anti-glycation effects. A rHDL containing BWA, precisely rHDL-1, displayed a remarkable anti-glycation effect against fructose (final 250 mM), induced glycation of HDL, and prevented proteolytic degradation of apoA-I. Also, BWA incorporated rHDL-0.5, and rHDL-1 displayed substantial antioxidant activity by inhibiting cupric ion-mediated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. In contrast to rHDL-0, a 20 and 22% enhancement in ferric ion reduction ability (FRA) and paraoxonase (PON) activity was observed in HDL treated with rHDL-1, signifying the effect of BWA on the antioxidant activity enhancement of HDL. rHDL-1 efficiently inhibits Nε-carboxylmethyllysine (CML)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos, consequently improving embryo survivability and developmental deformities impaired by the CML. The dermal application of rHDL-1 to the CML-impaired cutaneous wound of the adult zebrafish inhibited ROS production and displayed potent wound-healing activity. Conclusively, incorporating BWA in rHDL significantly enhanced the anti-glycation and antioxidant activities in rHDL via more stabilization of apoA-I with a larger particle size. The rHDL containing BWA facilitated the inherent antioxidant ability of HDL to suppress the CML-induced toxicities in zebrafish embryos and ameliorate CML-aggravated chronic wounds in adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyun Cho
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.B.); (H.-S.N.); (A.B.)
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Fiorito AM, Fakra E, Sescousse G, Ibrahim EC, Rey R. Molecular mapping of a core transcriptional signature of microglia-specific genes in schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:386. [PMID: 38092734 PMCID: PMC10719376 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides playing a central role in neuroinflammation, microglia regulate synaptic development and is involved in plasticity. Converging lines of evidence suggest that these different processes play a critical role in schizophrenia. Furthermore, previous studies reported altered transcription of microglia genes in schizophrenia, while microglia itself seems to be involved in the etiopathology of the disease. However, the regional specificity of these brain transcriptional abnormalities remains unclear. Moreover, it is unknown whether brain and peripheral expression of microglia genes are related. Thus, we investigated the expression of a pre-registered list of 10 genes from a core signature of human microglia both at brain and peripheral levels. We included 9 independent Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (764 samples obtained from 266 individuals with schizophrenia and 237 healthy controls) from 8 different brain regions and 3 peripheral tissues. We report evidence of a widespread transcriptional alteration of microglia genes both in brain tissues (we observed a decreased expression in the cerebellum, associative striatum, hippocampus, and parietal cortex of individuals with schizophrenia compared with healthy controls) and whole blood (characterized by a mixed altered expression pattern). Our results suggest that brain underexpression of microglia genes may represent a candidate transcriptional signature for schizophrenia. Moreover, the dual brain-whole blood transcriptional alterations of microglia/macrophage genes identified support the model of schizophrenia as a whole-body disorder and lend weight to the use of blood samples as a potential source of biological peripheral biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Fiorito
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Eric Fakra
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - El Chérif Ibrahim
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Rey
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, PSYR2 Team, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France.
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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38
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Molnár AÁ, Pásztor DT, Tarcza Z, Merkely B. Cells in Atherosclerosis: Focus on Cellular Senescence from Basic Science to Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17129. [PMID: 38138958 PMCID: PMC10743093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis through different complex pathways including replicative cellular senescence and age-related clonal hematopoiesis. In addition to aging, extracellular stress factors, such as mechanical and oxidative stress, can induce cellular senescence, defined as premature cellular senescence. Senescent cells can accumulate within atherosclerotic plaques over time and contribute to plaque instability. This review summarizes the role of cellular senescence in the complex pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and highlights the most important senotherapeutics tested in cardiovascular studies targeting senescence. Continued bench-to-bedside research in cellular senescence might allow the future implementation of new effective anti-atherosclerotic preventive and treatment strategies in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ágnes Molnár
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary; (D.T.P.); (Z.T.); (B.M.)
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Lankin VZ, Sharapov MG, Tikhaze AK, Goncharov RG, Antonova OA, Konovalova GG, Novoselov VI. Dicarbonyl-Modified Low-Density Lipoproteins Are Key Inducers of LOX-1 and NOX1 Gene Expression in the Cultured Human Umbilical Vein Endotheliocytes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:2125-2136. [PMID: 38462455 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923120143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Expression of LOX-1 and NOX1 genes in the human umbilical vein endotheliocytes (HUVECs) cultured in the presence of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) modified with various natural dicarbonyls was investigated for the first time. It was found that among the investigated dicarbonyl-modified LDLs (malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified LDLs, glyoxal-modified LDLs, and methylglyoxal-modified LDLs), the MDA-modified LDLs caused the greatest induction of the LOX-1 and NOX1 genes, as well as of the genes of antioxidant enzymes and genes of proapoptotic factors in HUVECs. Key role of the dicarbonyl-modified LDLs in the molecular mechanisms of vascular wall damage and endothelial dysfunction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Z Lankin
- Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Mars G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Alla K Tikhaze
- Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Ruslan G Goncharov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olga A Antonova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Galina G Konovalova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Novoselov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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Florida EM, Li H, Hong CG, Ongstad EL, Gaddipati R, Sitaula S, Varma V, Parel PM, O'Hagan R, Chen MY, Teague HL, Playford MP, Karathanasis SK, Collén A, Mehta NN, Remaley AT, Sorokin AV. Relationship of Soluble Lectin-Like Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 (sLOX-1) With Inflammation and Coronary Plaque Progression in Psoriasis. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e031227. [PMID: 37982276 PMCID: PMC10727277 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with coronary artery disease risk. Uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein by the lectin-like low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 triggers release of the soluble extracellular domain of the receptor (sLOX-1). We sought to characterize the relationship between sLOX-1, inflammation, and coronary plaque progression in psoriasis. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 327 patients with psoriasis had serum sLOX-1 levels measured at baseline by an ELISA-based assay. Stratification by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥4.0 mg/L (quartile 4), identified 81 participants who had coronary plaque phenotyping at baseline and were followed longitudinally by coronary computed tomography angiography. Subjects within high-sensitivity C-reactive protein quartile 4 were middle-aged (51.47±12.62 years), predominantly men (54.3%) with moderate psoriasis disease severity (6.60 [interquartile range, 3.30-13.40]). In the study cohort, participants with sLOX-1 above the median displayed increased vulnerable coronary plaque features. At baseline, sLOX-1 was associated with total burden (rho=0.296; P=0.01), noncalcified burden (rho=0.286; P=0.02), fibro-fatty burden (rho=0.346; P=0.004), and necrotic burden (rho=0.394; P=0.002). A strong relationship between sLOX-1, noncalcified burden (β=0.19; P=0.03), and fibro-fatty burden (β=0.29; P=0.003) was found in fully adjusted models at baseline and 1- and 4-year follow-up. Finally, coronary plaque features progressed over 1 year regardless of biologic or systemic treatment in subjects with high sLOX-1. CONCLUSIONS Patients with psoriasis with both high sLOX-1 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels have increased coronary plaque burden associated with atherosclerotic plaque progression independent of biologic and systemic treatment. Thus, sLOX-1 might be considered as a promising marker in coronary artery disease risk estimation beyond traditional risk factors. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01778569.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Florida
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Haiou Li
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Christin G. Hong
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Emily L. Ongstad
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaGaithersburgMDUSA
| | - Ranjitha Gaddipati
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaGaithersburgMDUSA
| | - Sadichha Sitaula
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaGaithersburgMDUSA
| | - Vijayalakshmi Varma
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaGaithersburgMDUSA
| | - Philip M. Parel
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Ross O'Hagan
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Marcus Y. Chen
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Heather L. Teague
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Martin P. Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Sotirios K. Karathanasis
- NeoProgenBaltimoreMDUSA
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National HeartLung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Anna Collén
- Projects, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZenecaGaithersburgMDUSA
| | - Nehal N. Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Alan T. Remaley
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National HeartLung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Alexander V. Sorokin
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic DiseasesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
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Michaeloudes C, Christodoulides S, Christodoulou P, Kyriakou TC, Patrikios I, Stephanou A. Variability in the Clinical Effects of the Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids DHA and EPA in Cardiovascular Disease-Possible Causes and Future Considerations. Nutrients 2023; 15:4830. [PMID: 38004225 PMCID: PMC10675410 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) that includes myocardial infarction and stroke, is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis, the primary underlying cause of CVD, can be controlled by pharmacological and dietary interventions, including n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation. n-3 PUFA supplementation, primarily consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has shown promise in reducing atherosclerosis by modulating risk factors, including triglyceride levels and vascular inflammation. n-3 PUFAs act by replacing pro-inflammatory fatty acid types in cell membranes and plasma lipids, by regulating transcription factor activity, and by inducing epigenetic changes. EPA and DHA regulate cellular function through shared and differential molecular mechanisms. Large clinical studies on n-3 PUFAs have reported conflicting findings, causing confusion among the public and health professionals. In this review, we discuss important factors leading to these inconsistencies, in the context of atherosclerosis, including clinical study design and the differential effects of EPA and DHA on cell function. We propose steps to improve clinical and basic experimental study design in order to improve supplement composition optimization. Finally, we propose that understanding the factors underlying the poor response to n-3 PUFAs, and the development of molecular biomarkers for predicting response may help towards a more personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Michaeloudes
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus; (S.C.); (P.C.); (T.-C.K.); (I.P.); (A.S.)
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Zhang W, Zheng Y, Yan F, Dong M, Ren Y. Research progress of quercetin in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1203713. [PMID: 38054093 PMCID: PMC10694509 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1203713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most common flavonoids. More and more studies have found that quercetin has great potential utilization value in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as antioxidant, antiplatelet aggregation, antibacterial, cholesterol lowering, endothelial cell protection, etc. However, the medicinal value of quercetin is mostly limited to animal models and preclinical studies. Due to the complexity of the human body and functional structure compared to animals, more research is needed to explore whether quercetin has the same mechanism of action and pharmacological value as animal experiments. In order to systematically understand the clinical application value of quercetin, this article reviews the research progress of quercetin in CVD, including preclinical and clinical studies. We will focus on the relationship between quercetin and common CVD, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia reperfusion injury, heart failure, hypertension and arrhythmia, etc. By elaborating on the pathophysiological mechanism and clinical application research progress of quercetin's protective effect on CVD, data support is provided for the transformation of quercetin from laboratory to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou Ren
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Buono MF, Benavente ED, Slenders L, Methorst D, Tessels D, Mili E, Finger R, Kapteijn D, Daniels M, van den Dungen NAM, Calis JJA, Mol BM, de Borst GJ, de Kleijn DPV, Pasterkamp G, den Ruijter HM, Mokry M. Human Plaque Myofibroblasts to Study Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030243. [PMID: 37889192 PMCID: PMC10727388 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Plaque myofibroblasts are critical players in the initiation and advancement of atherosclerotic disease. They are involved in the production of extracellular matrix, the formation of the fibrous cap, and the underlying lipidic core via modulation processes in response to different environmental cues. Despite clear phenotypic differences between myofibroblast cells and healthy vascular smooth muscle cells, smooth muscle cells are still widely used as a cellular model in atherosclerotic research. Methods and Results Here, we present a conditioned outgrowth method to isolate and culture myofibroblast cells from plaques. We obtained these cells from 27 donors (24 carotid and 3 femoral endarterectomies). We show that they keep their proliferative capacity for 8 passages, are transcriptionally stable, retain donor-specific gene expression programs, and express extracellular matrix proteins (FN1, COL1A1, and DCN) and smooth muscle cell markers (ACTA2, MYH11, and CNN1). Single-cell transcriptomics reveals that the cells in culture closely resemble the plaque myofibroblasts. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing shows the presence of histone H3 lysine 4 dimethylation at the MYH11 promoter, pointing to their smooth muscle cell origin. Finally, we demonstrated that plaque myofibroblasts can be efficiently transduced (>97%) and are capable of taking up oxidized low-density lipoprotein and undergoing calcification. Conclusions In conclusion, we present a method to isolate and culture cells that retain plaque myofibroblast phenotypical and functional capabilities, making them a suitable in vitro model for studying selected mechanisms of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele F. Buono
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Lotte Slenders
- Central Diagnostics LaboratoryUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Daisey Methorst
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle Tessels
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Eloi Mili
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Roxy Finger
- Central Diagnostics LaboratoryUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Daniek Kapteijn
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Mark Daniels
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | | | - Jorg J. A. Calis
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
- Center for Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
- Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children’s HospitalUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Barend M. Mol
- Department of Vascular SurgeryUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Gert J. de Borst
- Department of Vascular SurgeryUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | | | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostics LaboratoryUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Hester M. den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Michal Mokry
- Laboratory of Experimental CardiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
- Central Diagnostics LaboratoryUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
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Chen CC, Lii CK, Liu KL, Lin YL, Lo CW, Li CC, Yang YC, Chen HW. Andrographolide Attenuates Oxidized LDL-Induced Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages and Mitigates HFCCD-Induced Atherosclerosis in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:2175-2193. [PMID: 37930331 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Andrographolide (AND) is a bioactive component of the herb Andrographis paniculata and a well-known anti-inflammatory agent. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vasculature, and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is thought to contribute heavily to atherosclerosis-associated inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether AND mitigates oxLDL-mediated foam cell formation and diet-induced atherosclerosis (in mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol, high-cholic acid [HFCCD] diet) and the underlying mechanisms involved. AND attenuated LPS/oxLDL-mediated foam cell formation, IL-1[Formula: see text] mRNA and protein (p37) expression, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) mRNA and protein expression, caspase-1 (p20) protein expression, and IL-1[Formula: see text] release in BMDMs. Treatment with oxLDL significantly induced protein and mRNA expression of CD36, lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), and scavenger receptor type A (SR-A), whereas pretreatment with AND significantly inhibited protein and mRNA expression of SR-A only. Treatment with oxLDL significantly induced ROS generation and Dil-oxLDL uptake; however, pretreatment with AND alleviated oxLDL-induced ROS generation and Dil-oxLDL uptake. HFCCD feeding significantly increased aortic lipid accumulation, ICAM-1 expression, and IL-1[Formula: see text] mRNA expression, as well as blood levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), total cholesterol, and LDL-C. AND co-administration mitigated aortic lipid accumulation, the protein expression of ICAM-1, mRNA expression of IL-1[Formula: see text] and ICAM-1, and blood levels of GPT. These results suggest that the working mechanisms by which AND mitigates atherosclerosis involve the inhibition of foam cell formation and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent vascular inflammation as evidenced by decreased SR-A expression and IL-1[Formula: see text] release, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chieh Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Kuei Lii
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402306, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402306, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Lo
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402306, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402306, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chen Yang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Wen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
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45
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Lankin VZ, Tikhaze AK, Konovalova GG. Differences in Structural Changes and Pathophysiological Effects of Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles upon Accumulation of Acylhydroperoxy Derivatives in Their Outer Phospholipid Monolayer or upon Modification of Apoprotein B-100 by Natural Dicarbonyls. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1910-1919. [PMID: 38105208 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles of the lipid-transporting system of the organism, low-density lipoproteins (LDL) of blood plasma, are prone to free radical peroxidation with formation of their main modified forms - oxidized LDL itself (containing hydroperoxy-acyls in phospholipids of the outer layer of particles) and dicarbonyl-modified LDL (apoprotein B-100 in which chemically modified via the Maillard reaction). Based on the study of free radical oxidation kinetics of LDLs, it was found that the existing in the literature designation of "oxidized lipoproteins" is incorrect because it does not reveal the nature of oxidative modification of LDLs. It was shown in this study that the "atherogenic" LDLs (particles of which are actively captured by the cultured macrophages) are not the oxidized LDL (in which LOOH-derivatives of phospholipids are formed by enzymatic oxidation by C-15 lipoxygenase of rabbit reticulocytes), but dicarbonyl-modified LDLs. Important role of the dicarbonyl-modified LDLs in the molecular mechanisms of atherogenesis and endothelial dysfunction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Z Lankin
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia.
| | - Alla K Tikhaze
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Galina G Konovalova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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Zhi X, Sun Y, Cai F, Wang S, Gao H, Wu F, Zhang L, Shen Z. Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL)-Triggered Double-Lock Probe for Spatiotemporal Lipoprotein Oxidation and Atherosclerotic Plaque Imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301595. [PMID: 37557912 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), especially oxidative modified LDL (Ox-LDL), is the key risk factor for plaque accumulation and the development of cardiovascular disease. Herein, a highly specific Ox-LDL-triggered fluorogenic-colorimetric probe Pro-P1 is developed for visualizing the oxidation and aggregation progress of lipoproteins and plaque. A series of green fluorescent protein chromophores with modified donor-acceptor structures, containing carbazole as an electron donor and various substituents including pyridine-vinyl (P1), phenol-vinyl (P2), N, N-dimethylaniline-vinyl (P3), and thiophene-vinyl (P4), have been synthesized and evaluated. Emission spectroscopy and theoretical calculations of P1-P4 indicate that P1 shows enhanced green fluorescence (λem = 560 nm) by inhibiting its twisted intramolecular charge transfer in the presence of Ox-LDL. This feature allows the selection of P1 as a sensitive probe to directly visualize ferroptosis and Cu2+ -mediated LDL oxidative aggregation via in situ formation of fluorophore-bound Ox-LDL in living cells. The red-emissive probe Pro-P1 (λem = 660 nm) is prepared via borate protection of P1, which can be cleaved into P1 under high expression of HOCl and Ox-LDL condition at the lesion site, resulting in enhanced green emission. The plaque area and size with clear boundaries can be delineated by colorimetric fluorescence imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging with precise differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yufen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fangjian Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Jin Q, Zhao T, Lin L, Yao X, Teng Y, Zhang D, Jin Y, Yang M. PIAS1 impedes vascular endothelial injury and atherosclerotic plaque formation in diabetes by blocking the RUNX3/TSP-1 axis. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1915-1927. [PMID: 37584829 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The protein PIAS1 functions as a type of ubiquitin-protease, which is known to play an important regulatory role in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Its mechanism of action primarily revolves around regulating the transcription, translation, and modification of target proteins. This study investigates role and mechanism of PIAS1 in the RUNX3/TSP-1 axis and confirms its therapeutic effects on diabetes-related complications in animal models. A diabetic vascular injury was induced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by stimulation with H2O2 and advanced glycation end product (AGE), and a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mouse model of diabetes was constructed, followed by detection of endogenous PIAS1 expression and SUMOylation level of RUNX3. Effects of PIAS1 concerning RUNX3 and TSP-1 on the HUVEC apoptosis and inflammation were evaluated using the ectopic expression experiments. Down-regulated PIAS1 expression and SUMOylation level of RUNX3 were identified in the H2O2- and AGE-induced HUVEC model of diabetic vascular injury and STZ-induced mouse models of diabetes. PIAS1 promoted the SUMOylation of RUNX3 at the K148 site of RUNX3. PIAS1-mediated SUMOylation of RUNX3 reduced RUNX3 transactivation activity, weakened the binding of RUNX3 to the promoter region of TSP-1, and caused downregulation of TSP-1 expression. PIASI decreased the expression of TSP-1 by inhibiting H2O2- and AGE-induced RUNX3 de-SUMOylation, thereby arresting the inflammatory response and apoptosis of HUVECs. Besides, PIAS1 reduced vascular endothelial injury and atherosclerotic plaque formation in mouse models of diabetes by inhibiting the RUNX3/TSP-1 axis. Our study proved that PIAS1 suppressed vascular endothelial injury and atherosclerotic plaque formation in mouse models of diabetes via the RUNX3/TSP-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Binzhou, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Binzhou, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Binzhou, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Binzhou, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Binzhou, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Binzhou, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Mouping District, Binzhou, 264100, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meizi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, No. 522, Huanghe Third Road, Binzhou, 264003, People's Republic of China.
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Bhargava P, Dinh D, Teramayi F, Silberg A, Petler N, Anderson AM, Clemens DM, O’Connor MS. Selective Removal of 7KC by a Novel Atherosclerosis Therapeutic Candidate Reverts Foam Cells to a Macrophage-like Phenotype. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.23.563623. [PMID: 37961383 PMCID: PMC10634755 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.23.563623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The removal of the toxic oxidized cholesterol, 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), from cells through the administration of therapeutics has the potential to treat atherosclerosis and various other pathologies. While cholesterol is a necessary building block for homeostasis, oxidation of cholesterol can lead to the formation of toxic oxysterols involved in various pathologies, the most prominent of which is 7KC, which is formed through the non-enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol. Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) particles, highly implicated in heart disease, contain high levels of 7KC, and molecular 7KC is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including multiple sclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, sickle cell anemia, and multiple age related diseases. Of particular interest is the role of 7KC in the progression of atherosclerosis, with several studies associating elevated levels of 7KC with the etiology of the disease or in the transition of macrophages to foam cells. This research aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of UDP-003, a novel therapeutic, in mitigating the harmful effects of 7KC in mouse and human monocyte and macrophage cell lines. Experimental evidence demonstrates that administration of UDP-003 can reverse the foam cell phenotype, rejuvenating these cells by returning phagocytic function and decreasing both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular lipid droplet accumulation. Furthermore, our data suggests that the targeted removal of 7KC from foam cells with UDP-003 can potentially prevent and reverse atherosclerotic plaque formation. UDP-003 has the potential to be the first disease-modifying therapeutic approach to treating atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Bhargava
- Cyclarity Therapeutics, 8001 Redwood Blvd Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Darren Dinh
- Cyclarity Therapeutics, 8001 Redwood Blvd Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Fadzai Teramayi
- Cyclarity Therapeutics, 8001 Redwood Blvd Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Ana Silberg
- Cyclarity Therapeutics, 8001 Redwood Blvd Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Noa Petler
- Cyclarity Therapeutics, 8001 Redwood Blvd Novato, CA 94945, USA
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Ma ZY, Li J, Dong XH, Cui YT, Cui YF, Ban T, Huo R. The role of BRG1 in epigenetic regulation of cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176039. [PMID: 37678658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have been closely linked to abnormal epigenetic regulation. In the context of epigenetic regulation, BRG1, a pivotal SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzyme, emerges as a key epigenetic regulator with significant impact on the development and progression of cardiovascular disorders. From the perspective of epigenetic regulation of cardiovascular diseases, BRG1 emerges as a pivotal SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzyme, functioning as a key epigenetic regulator. It exerts substantial influence on the development and progression of cardiovascular disorders by exerting precise control over gene expression and protein levels. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of BRG1's epigenetic regulatory role in cardiovascular disease is essential for unraveling its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. This paper summarizes and discusses the function of BRG1 in the epigenetic regulation of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yue Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Xian-Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Ying-Tao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Yun-Feng Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Tao Ban
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Drug Research and Development of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases in Frigid Zone, The National Development and Reform Commission, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China; Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Rong Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, PR China.
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Liu QJ, Yuan W, Yang P, Shao C. Role of glycolysis in diabetic atherosclerosis. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1478-1492. [PMID: 37970130 PMCID: PMC10642412 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a kind of typical metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Modern lifestyles and trends that promote overconsumption and unhealthy practices have contributed to an increase in the annual incidence of diabetic AS worldwide, which has created a heavy burden on society. Several studies have shown the significant effects of glycolysis-related changes on the occurrence and development of diabetic AS, which may serve as novel thera-peutic targets for diabetic AS in the future. Glycolysis is an important metabolic pathway that generates energy in various cells of the blood vessel wall. In particular, it plays a vital role in the physiological and pathological activities of the three important cells, Endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. There are lots of similar mechanisms underlying diabetic and common AS, the former is more complex. In this article, we describe the role and mechanism underlying glycolysis in diabetic AS, as well as the therapeutic targets, such as trained immunity, microRNAs, gut microbiota, and associated drugs, with the aim to provide some new perspectives and potentially feasible programs for the treatment of diabetic AS in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Jia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
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