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Wei Q, Li J, Zhao C, Meng S, Liu N, Wu Z, Liu F, Cui L, Hu W, Zhao Y. Blood-based inflammatory protein biomarker panel for the prediction of relapse and severity in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A prospective cohort study. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14811. [PMID: 38923840 PMCID: PMC11194177 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, most existing models for predicting neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are based primarily on clinical characteristics. Blood-based NMOSD severity and prognostic predictive immune- and inflammation-related biomarkers are needed. We aimed to investigate the associations between plasma inflammatory biomarkers and relapse and attack severity in NMOSD. METHODS This two-step, single-center prospective cohort study included discovery and validation cohorts. We quantified 92 plasma inflammatory proteins by using Olink's proximity extension assay and identified differentially expressed proteins in the relapse group (relapse within 1 year of follow-up) and severe attack group. To define a new molecular prognostic model, we calculated the risk score of each patient based on the key protein signatures and validated the results in the validation cohort. RESULTS The relapse prediction model, including FGF-23, DNER, GDNF, and SLAMF1, predicted the 1-year relapse risk. The severe attack prediction model, including PD-L1 and MCP-2, predicted the severe clinical attack risk. Both the relapse and severe attack prediction models demonstrated good discriminative ability and high accuracy in the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our discovered biomarker signature and prediction models may complement current clinical risk stratification approaches. These inflammatory biomarkers could contribute to the discovery of therapeutic interventions and prevent NMOSD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanfeng Wei
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Jiahong Li
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, National Center for Neurological DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Su Meng
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Na Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Lingling Cui
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Wenyu Hu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, National Center for Neurological DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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2
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Nowaczewska-Kuchta A, Ksiazek-Winiarek D, Szpakowski P, Glabinski A. The Role of Neutrophils in Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic Stroke. Brain Sci 2024; 14:423. [PMID: 38790402 PMCID: PMC11118671 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in numerous central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Its role is ambiguous-it can induce detrimental effects, as well as repair and recovery. In response to injury or infection, resident CNS cells secrete numerous factors that alter blood-brain barrier (BBB) function and recruit immune cells into the brain, like neutrophils. Their role in the pathophysiology of CNS diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke, is highly recognized. Neutrophils alter BBB permeability and attract other immune cells into the CNS. Previously, neutrophils were considered a homogenous population. Nowadays, it is known that various subtypes of these cells exist, which reveal proinflammatory or immunosuppressive functions. The primary goal of this review was to discuss the current knowledge regarding the important role of neutrophils in MS and stroke development and progression. As the pathogenesis of these two disorders is completely different, it gives the opportunity to get insight into diverse mechanisms of neutrophil involvement in brain pathology. Our understanding of the role of neutrophils in CNS diseases is still evolving as new aspects of their activity are being unraveled. Neutrophil plasticity adds another level to their functional complexity and their importance for CNS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrzej Glabinski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.N.-K.); (D.K.-W.); (P.S.)
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3
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Khafaei M, Asghari R, Zafari F, Sadeghi M. Impact of IL-6 rs1800795 and IL-17A rs2275913 gene polymorphisms on the COVID-19 prognosis and susceptibility in a sample of Iranian patients. Cytokine 2024; 174:156445. [PMID: 38056249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND From asymptomatic to acute and life-threatening pulmonary infection, the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are highly variable. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A are key drivers of hyper inflammation status in COVID-19, and their elevated levels are hallmarks of the infection progression. To explore whether prognosis and susceptibility to COVID-19 are linked to IL-6 rs1800795 and IL-17A rs2275913, these single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were assessed in a sample of Iranian COVID-19 patients. METHODS This study enrolled two hundred and eighty COVID-19 patients (140 non-severe and 140 severe). Genotyping for IL-6 rs1800795 and IL-17A rs2275913 was performed using tetra primer-amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (tetra-ARMS-PCR). IL-6 and IL-17A circulating levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also, mortality predictors of COVID-19 were investigated. RESULTS The rs1800795 GG genotype (78/140 (55.7 %)) and G allele (205/280 (73.2 %)) were significantly associated with a positive risk of COVID-19 severe infection (OR = 2.19, 95 %CI: 1.35-3.54, P =.006 and OR = 1.79, 95 %CI: 1.25-2.56, P <.001, respectively). Also, rs1800795 GG genotype was significantly linked to disease mortality (OR = 1.95, 95 %CI: 1.06-3.61, P =.04). The rs2275913 GA genotype was protective against severe COVID-19 (OR = 0.5, 95 %CI: 0.31--0.80, P =.012). However, the present study did not reveal any significant link between rs2275913 genotypes with disease mortality. INR ≥ 1.2 (OR = 2.19, 95 %CI: 1.61-3.78, P =.007), D-dimer ≥ 565.5 ng/mL (OR = 3.12, 95 %CI: 1.27-5.68, P =.019), respiratory rate ≥ 29 (OR = 1.19, 95 %CI: 1.12-1.28, P =.001), IL-6 serum concentration ≥ 28.5 pg/mL (OR = 1.97, 95 %CI: 1.942-2.06, P =.013), and IL-6 rs1800795 GG genotype (OR = 1.95, 95 %CI: 1.06-3.61, P =.04) were predictive of COVID-19 mortality. CONCLUSION The rs1800795 GG genotype and G allele were associated with disease severity, and INR, D-dimer, respiratory rate, IL-6 serum concentration, and IL-6 rs1800795 GG genotype were predictive of COVID-19 mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Khafaei
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Asghari
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fariba Zafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Morteza Sadeghi
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang L, Xue Y, Yuan C, Du X, Wang X, Guo L, Li B. Decreased SIRT1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Acta Neurol Belg 2023; 123:2287-2294. [PMID: 37294424 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sirtuin (SIRT)1, as a molecular link between immunity and metabolic pathways, is a key immune response regulator. The significance of SIRT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has not been investigated. Here, we aimed to evaluate the SIRT1 mRNA level in PBMCs of patients with NMOSD and its clinical relevance and explore the potential mechanism of SIRT1 action. METHODS A total of 65 patients with NMOSD and 60 normal controls from North China were enrolled. Using real-time fluorescence quantitative-polymerase chain reaction, mRNA levels were detected in PBMCs, and protein levels were detected using western blotting. RESULTS Compared to the healthy controls and chronic-phase patients with NMOSD, SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels in PBMCs of NMOSD patients with acute attack were significantly downregulated (p < 0.0001). ∆EDSS scores (EDSS scores in the acute phase-EDSS scores before the recent attack) were higher in NMOSD patients with low SIRT1 mRNA level than in patients with high SIRT1 expression (p = 0.042). SIRT1 mRNA level in patients with acute-phase NMSOD was positively correlated with lymphocyte and monocyte counts and negatively correlated with neutrophil counts and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Furthermore, the transcription factor FOXP3 mRNA level was significantly positively correlated with the SIRT1 mRNA level in PBMCs of patients with acute-phase NMOSD. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that SIRT1 mRNA expression was downregulated in the PBMCs of patients with acute-phase NMOSD, and its level was correlated with the clinical parameters of the patients, suggesting a potential role of SIRT1 in NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yumei Xue
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Congcong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaochen Du
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Hepingxi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Nouri M, Weström B, Lavasani S. Elevated Fecal Calprotectin Accompanied by Intestinal Neutrophil Infiltration and Goblet Cell Hyperplasia in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15367. [PMID: 37895046 PMCID: PMC10606994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by myelin-specific autoreactive T cells. We previously demonstrated intestinal barrier disruption and signs of inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS. Fecal calprotectin is a disease activity biomarker in inflammatory bowel diseases, released by neutrophils in response to inflammation. We aimed to further investigate EAE manifestations in the gastrointestinal tract and to determine whether calprotectin is a useful biomarker of intestinal inflammation in EAE. Calprotectin was analyzed in feces, cecal contents, and plasma of EAE mice. Infiltrating neutrophils and goblet cells were investigated in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract before the onset of neurological symptoms and during established disease. We found increased calprotectin levels in feces, cecal content, and plasma preceding EAE onset that further escalated during disease progression. Increased neutrophil infiltration in the intestinal tissue concomitant with IL-17 expression and myeloperoxidase activity was found to correlate well with clinical activity. Increased goblet cells in the intestine, similar to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), were also observed. The results suggest calprotectin as a good biomarker of gastrointestinal inflammation in EAE and the potential of this model as a useful animal model for IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Nouri
- ImmuneBiotech AB, Medicon Village, 223 63 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Weström
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Shahram Lavasani
- ImmuneBiotech AB, Medicon Village, 223 63 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
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Chakraborty S, Tabrizi Z, Bhatt NN, Franciosa SA, Bracko O. A Brief Overview of Neutrophils in Neurological Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050743. [PMID: 37238612 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in circulation and are the first line of defense after an infection or injury. Neutrophils have a broad spectrum of functions, including phagocytosis of microorganisms, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, oxidative burst, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Traditionally, neutrophils were thought to be most important for acute inflammatory responses, with a short half-life and a more static response to infections and injury. However, this view has changed in recent years showing neutrophil heterogeneity and dynamics, indicating a much more regulated and flexible response. Here we will discuss the role of neutrophils in aging and neurological disorders; specifically, we focus on recent data indicating the impact of neutrophils in chronic inflammatory processes and their contribution to neurological diseases. Lastly, we aim to conclude that reactive neutrophils directly contribute to increased vascular inflammation and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeynab Tabrizi
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | | | - Oliver Bracko
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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7
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Shafiei M, Mozhgani SH. Th17/IL-17 Axis in HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy Tropical Spastic Paraparesis and Multiple Sclerosis: Novel Insights into the Immunity During HAMTSP. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3839-3854. [PMID: 36947318 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Human T lymphotropic virus-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HTLV/TSP), also known as HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and multiple sclerosis (MS) are chronic debilitating diseases of the central nervous system; although the etiology of which is different, similarities have been observed between these two demyelinating diseases, especially in clinical manifestation and immunopathogenesis. Exorbitant response of the immune system to the virus and neurons in CNS is the causative agent of HAM/TSP and MS, respectively. Helper T lymphocyte-17 cells (Th17s), a component of the immune system, which have a proven role in immunity and autoimmunity, mediate protection against bacterial/fungal infections. The role of these cells has been reviewed in several CNS diseases. A pivotal role for Th17s is presented in demyelination, even more axial than Th1s, during MS. The effect of Th17s is not well determined in HTLV-1-associated infections; however, the evidence that we have supplied in this review illustrates the attendance, also the role of Th17 cells during HAM/TSP. Furthermore, for better conception concerning the trace of these cells in HAM/TSP, a comparative characterization with MS, the resembling disease, has been applied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Shafiei
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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8
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Arias C, Sepúlveda P, Castillo RL, Salazar LA. Relationship between Hypoxic and Immune Pathways Activation in the Progression of Neuroinflammation: Role of HIF-1α and Th17 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043073. [PMID: 36834484 PMCID: PMC9964721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a common event in degenerative diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system, triggered by alterations in the immune system or inflammatory cascade. The pathophysiology of these disorders is multifactorial, whereby the therapy available has low clinical efficacy. This review propounds the relationship between the deregulation of T helper cells and hypoxia, mainly Th17 and HIF-1α molecular pathways, events that are involved in the occurrence of the neuroinflammation. The clinical expression of neuroinflammation is included in prevalent pathologies such as multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease, among others. In addition, therapeutic targets are analyzed in relation to the pathways that induced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Arias
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7500922, Chile
| | - Paulina Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Rodrigo L. Castillo
- Departamento de Medicina Interna Oriente, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile
| | - Luis A. Salazar
- Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Lu SZ, Wu Y, Guo YS, Liang PZ, Yin S, Yin YQ, Zhang XL, Liu YF, Wang HY, Xiao YC, Liang XM, Zhou JW. Inhibition of astrocytic DRD2 suppresses CNS inflammation in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213362. [PMID: 35877595 PMCID: PMC9350686 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocyte activation is associated with progressive inflammatory demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS). The molecular mechanisms underlying astrocyte activation remain incompletely understood. Recent studies have suggested that classical neurotransmitter receptors are implicated in the modulation of brain innate immunity. We investigated the role of dopamine signaling in the process of astrocyte activation. Here, we show the upregulation of dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) in reactive astrocytes in MS brain and noncanonical role of astrocytic DRD2 in MS pathogenesis. Mice deficient in astrocytic Drd2 exhibit a remarkable suppression of reactive astrocytes and amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Mechanistically, DRD2 regulates the expression of 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase, which modulates NF-κB activity through protein kinase C-δ. Pharmacological blockade of astrocytic DRD2 with a DRD2 antagonist dehydrocorybulbine remarkably inhibits the inflammatory response in mice lacking neuronal Drd2. Together, our findings reveal previously an uncharted role for DRD2 in astrocyte activation during EAE-associated CNS inflammation. Its therapeutic inhibition may provide a potent lever to alleviate autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-zhao Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-shun Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-zhou Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Yin
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-qing Yin
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-li Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Yan-Fang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-chuan Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-miao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,Xin-miao Liang:
| | - Jia-wei Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,Correspondence to Jia-wei Zho:
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Linley H, Jaigirdar S, Mohamed K, Griffiths CEM, Saunders A. Reduced cutaneous CD200:CD200R1 signaling in psoriasis enhances neutrophil recruitment to skin. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e648. [PMID: 35759230 PMCID: PMC9168552 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The skin immune system is tightly regulated to prevent inappropriate inflammation in response to harmless environmental substances. This regulation is actively maintained by mechanisms including cytokines and cell surface receptors and its loss results in inflammatory disease. In the case of psoriasis, inappropriate immune activation leads to IL-17-driven chronic inflammation, but molecular mechanisms underlying this loss of regulation are not well understood. Immunoglobulin family member CD200 and its receptor, CD200R1, are important regulators of inflammation. Therefore, we determined if this pathway is dysregulated in psoriasis, and how this affects immune cell activity. METHODS Human skin biopsies were examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry. The role of CD200R1 in regulating psoriasis-like skin inflammation was examined using CD200R1 blocking antibodies in mouse psoriasis models. CD200R1 blocking antibodies were also used in an in vivo neutrophil recruitment assay and in vitro assays to examine macrophage, innate lymphoid cell, γδ T cell, and neutrophil activity. RESULTS We reveal that CD200 and signaling via CD200R1 are reduced in non-lesional psoriasis skin. In mouse models of psoriasis CD200R1 was shown to limit psoriasis-like inflammation by enhancing acanthosis, CCL20 production and neutrophil recruitment, but surprisingly, macrophage function and IL-17 production were not affected, and neutrophil reactive oxygen species production was reduced. CONCLUSION Collectively, these data show that CD200R1 affects neutrophil function and limits inflammatory responses in healthy skin by restricting neutrophil recruitment. However, the CD200 pathway is reduced in psoriasis, resulting in a loss of immune control, and increased neutrophil recruitment in mouse models. In conclusion, we highlight CD200R1:CD200 as a pathway that might be targeted to dampen inflammation in patients with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Linley
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation ResearchManchesterUK
- School of Biological Science, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, >aculty of BiologyMedicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Shafqat Jaigirdar
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation ResearchManchesterUK
- School of Biological Science, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, >aculty of BiologyMedicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Karishma Mohamed
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation ResearchManchesterUK
- School of Biological Science, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, >aculty of BiologyMedicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Christopher E. M. Griffiths
- School of Biological Science, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, >aculty of BiologyMedicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreThe University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
- Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Institute for Health ResearchManchester University National Health Service Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Amy Saunders
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation ResearchManchesterUK
- School of Biological Science, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, >aculty of BiologyMedicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchesterUK
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11
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Barkhane Z, Elmadi J, Satish Kumar L, Pugalenthi LS, Ahmad M, Reddy S. Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmunity: A Veiled Relationship. Cureus 2022; 14:e24294. [PMID: 35607574 PMCID: PMC9123335 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory illness that affects the central nervous system (CNS) when the body's immune system attacks its tissue. It is characterized by demyelination and varying degrees of axonal loss. This article has compiled various studies elaborating MS and other autoimmune diseases (ADs) co-occurrence. Several conditions that fall into this category, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), myasthenia gravis (MG), and many others, are found in MS patients and their relatives, suggesting one or more common etiologic mechanisms, including genetic, environmental, and immunological factors, supporting the concept of a possible influence of poly-autoimmunity on MS and the rest of ADs, as well as providing a significant feature for early detection of the disease and also a potential treatment option by clinical neurologists.
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Korbecki J, Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Wójcik J, Szatkowska I, Barczak K, Chlubek M, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Importance of CXCL1 in Physiology and Noncancerous Diseases of Bone, Bone Marrow, Muscle and the Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084205. [PMID: 35457023 PMCID: PMC9024980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the role of CXCL1, a chemokine crucial in inflammation as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, in physiology and in selected major non-cancer diseases. Due to the vast amount of available information, we focus on the role CXCL1 plays in the physiology of bones, bone marrow, muscle and the nervous system. For this reason, we describe its effects on hematopoietic stem cells, myoblasts, oligodendrocyte progenitors and osteoclast precursors. We also present the involvement of CXCL1 in diseases of selected tissues and organs including Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis, ischemic stroke, major depression, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, neuropathic pain, osteoporosis, prion diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), traumatic spinal cord injury and West Nile fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (J.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Magdalena Gąssowska-Dobrowolska
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Wójcik
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (J.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Iwona Szatkowska
- Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (J.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mikołaj Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914-661-515
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13
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Guo N, Ni K, Luo T, Lan G, Arina A, Xu Z, Mao J, Weichselbaum RR, Spiotto M, Lin W. Reprogramming of Neutrophils as Non-canonical Antigen Presenting Cells by Radiotherapy-Radiodynamic Therapy to Facilitate Immune-Mediated Tumor Regression. ACS NANO 2021; 15:17515-17527. [PMID: 34709030 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ineffective antigen cross-presentation in the tumor microenvironment compromises the generation of antitumor immune responses. Radiotherapy-radiodynamic therapy (RT-RDT) with nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) induces robust adaptive immune responses despite modest activation of canonical antigen presenting dendritic cells. Here, using transplantable and autochthonous murine tumor models, we demonstrate that RT-RDT induces antitumor immune responses via early neutrophil infiltration and reprogramming. Intravenous or intratumoral injection of nMOFs recruited peripheral CD11b+Ly6G+CD11c- neutrophils into tumors. The activation of nMOFs by low-dose X-rays significantly increased the population of CD11b+Ly6G+CD11c+ hybrid neutrophils with upregulated expression of the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 as well as major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. Thus, nMOF-enabled RT-RDT reshapes a favorable tumor microenvironment for antitumor immune responses by reprogramming tumor-infiltrating neutrophils to function as non-canonical antigen presenting cells for effective cross-presentation of tumor antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nining Guo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kaiyuan Ni
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Taokun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangxu Lan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ainhoa Arina
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ziwan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jianming Mao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael Spiotto
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and The Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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14
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Crotalphine Attenuates Pain and Neuroinflammation Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110827. [PMID: 34822611 PMCID: PMC8624587 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of inflammatory and autoimmune origin, which induces sensory and progressive motor impairments, including pain. Cells of the immune system actively participate in the pathogenesis and progression of MS by inducing neuroinflammation, tissue damage, and demyelination. Crotalphine (CRO), a structural analogue to a peptide firstly identified in Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom, induces analgesia by endogenous opioid release and type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) activation. Since CB2 activation downregulates neuroinflammation and ameliorates symptoms in mice models of MS, it was presently investigated whether CRO has a beneficial effect in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CRO was administered on the 5th day after immunization, in a single dose, or five doses starting at the peak of disease. CRO partially reverted EAE-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and decreased the severity of the clinical signs. In addition, CRO decreases the inflammatory infiltrate and glial cells activation followed by TNF-α and IL-17 downregulation in the spinal cord. Peripherally, CRO recovers the EAE-induced impairment in myelin thickness in the sciatic nerve. Therefore, CRO interferes with central and peripheral neuroinflammation, opening perspectives to MS control.
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Schumacher D, Liehn EA, Singh A, Curaj A, Wijnands E, Lira SA, Tacke F, Jankowski J, Biessen EA, van der Vorst EP. CCR6 Deficiency Increases Infarct Size after Murine Acute Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1532. [PMID: 34829761 PMCID: PMC8614800 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury after the reopening of an occluded coronary artery is a major cause of cardiac damage and inflammation after acute myocardial infarction. The chemokine axis CCL20-CCR6 is a key player in various inflammatory processes, including atherosclerosis; however, its role in ischemia-reperfusion injury has remained elusive. Therefore, to gain more insight into the role of the CCR6 in acute myocardial infarction, we have studied cardiac injury after transient ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by reperfusion in Ccr6-/- mice and their respective C57Bl/6 wild-type controls. Surprisingly, Ccr6-/- mice demonstrated significantly reduced cardiac function and increased infarct sizes after ischemia/reperfusion. This coincided with a significant increase in cardiac inflammation, characterized by an accumulation of neutrophils and inflammatory macrophage accumulation. Chimeras with a bone marrow deficiency of CCR6 mirrored this adverse Ccr6-/- phenotype, while cardiac injury was unchanged in chimeras with stromal CCR6 deficiency. This study demonstrates that CCR6-dependent (bone marrow) cells exert a protective role in myocardial infarction and subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury, supporting the notion that augmenting CCR6-dependent immune mechanisms represents an interesting therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schumacher
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.S.); (A.C.); (J.J.); (E.A.L.B.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elisa A. Liehn
- Department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- National Institute for Pathology “Victor Babes”, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Anjana Singh
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.S.); (E.W.)
- Cognizant Technology Solutions, Phase II Hinjawadi, Pune 411 057, Maharashtra, India
| | - Adelina Curaj
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.S.); (A.C.); (J.J.); (E.A.L.B.)
| | - Erwin Wijnands
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.S.); (E.W.)
| | - Sergio A. Lira
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterolgy, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.S.); (A.C.); (J.J.); (E.A.L.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.S.); (E.W.)
| | - Erik A.L. Biessen
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.S.); (A.C.); (J.J.); (E.A.L.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.S.); (E.W.)
| | - Emiel P.C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (D.S.); (A.C.); (J.J.); (E.A.L.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.S.); (E.W.)
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Sui A, Chen X, Yao Y, Yao Y, Shen X, Zhu Y, Xie B. The IL-23/IL-17 axis promotes the formation of retinal neovascularization by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages in an experimental retinopathy mouse model. Immunology 2021; 164:803-816. [PMID: 34396536 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV), a pathological process shared among diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity and other retinopathies, has been widely studied, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the mechanism by which the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis regulates RNV in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model mice and in cell experiments in vitro was characterized. In the retinas of OIR mice, IL-23/IL-17 axis activation was increased and regulated RNV formation, and this effect was accompanied by increased macrophage recruitment and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Moreover, inhibiting the IL-23/IL-17 axis reduced the number of macrophage and the expression and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. On the other hand, recombinant (r) IL-23p19 and rIL-17A promoted the expression and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and the proliferation and migration of macrophages. Furthermore, macrophage elimination decreased the activation of IL-23/IL-17 axis and the expression and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. In summary, our experiments showed that the IL-23/IL-17 axis promoted the formation of RNV by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in retinal macrophages of an OIR mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Sui
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyun Yao
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Yao
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Shen
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanji Zhu
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Xie
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Maione F, Casillo GM, Raucci F, Salvatore C, Ambrosini G, Costa L, Scarpa R, Caso F, Bucci M. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A): A silent amplifier of COVID-19. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111980. [PMID: 34364043 PMCID: PMC8318692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of COVID-19 is the cytokine storm that provokes primarily pneumonia followed by systemic inflammation. Emerging evidence has identified a potential link between elevated interleukin-17A (IL-17A) levels and disease severity and progression. Considering that per se, IL-17A can activate several inflammatory pathways, it is plausible to hypothesize an involvement of this cytokine in COVID-19 clinical outcomes. Thus, IL-17A could represent a marker of disease progression and/or a target to develop therapeutic strategies. This hypothesis paper aims to propose this "unique" cytokine as a silent amplifier of the COVID-19 immune response and (potentially) related therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Maione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Casillo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristian Salvatore
- New.Fa.DEm SRL, Viale Ferrovie Dello Stato, 1, 80014 Giugliano in Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Ambrosini
- New.Fa.DEm SRL, Viale Ferrovie Dello Stato, 1, 80014 Giugliano in Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa Costa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Scarpa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Caso
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mariarosaria Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Alrashdi B, Dawod B, Tacke S, Kuerten S, Côté PD, Marshall JS. Mice Heterozygous for the Sodium Channel Scn8a (Nav1.6) Have Reduced Inflammatory Responses During EAE and Following LPS Challenge. Front Immunol 2021; 12:533423. [PMID: 33815353 PMCID: PMC8017164 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.533423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage gated sodium (Nav) channels contribute to axonal damage following demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a rodent model of multiple sclerosis (MS). The Nav1.6 isoform has been implicated as a primary contributor in this process. However, the role of Nav1.6 in immune processes, critical to the pathology of both MS and EAE, has not been extensively studied. EAE was induced with myelin oligodendrocyte (MOG35-55) peptide in Scn8admu/+ mice, which have reduced Nav1.6 levels. Scn8admu/+ mice demonstrated improved motor capacity during the recovery and early chronic phases of EAE relative to wild-type animals. In the optic nerve, myeloid cell infiltration and the effects of EAE on the axonal ultrastructure were also significantly reduced in Scn8admu/+ mice. Analysis of innate immune parameters revealed reduced plasma IL-6 levels and decreased percentages of Gr-1high/CD11b+ and Gr-1int/CD11b+ myeloid cells in the blood during the chronic phase of EAE in Scn8admu/+ mice. Elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β1 were also observed in the brains of untreated Scn8admu/+ mice. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model was used to further evaluate inflammatory responses. Scn8admu/+ mice displayed reduced inflammation in response to LPS challenge. To further evaluate if this was an immune cell-intrinsic difference or the result of changes in the immune or hormonal environment, mast cells were derived from the bone marrow of Scn8admu/+ mice. These mast cells also produced lower levels of IL-6, in response to LPS, compared with those from wild type mice. Our results demonstrate that in addition to its recognized impact on axonal damage, Nav1.6 impacts multiple aspects of the innate inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barakat Alrashdi
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Bassel Dawod
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sabine Tacke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrice D. Côté
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean S. Marshall
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Pertussis Toxin Inhibits Encephalitogenic T-Cell Infiltration and Promotes a B-Cell-Driven Disease during Th17-EAE. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062924. [PMID: 33805762 PMCID: PMC7998427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis toxin (PTX) is a required co-adjuvant for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by immunization with myelin antigen. However, PTX’s effects on EAE induced by the transfer of myelin-specific T helper cells is not known. Therefore, we investigated how PTX affects the Th17 transfer EAE model (Th17-EAE). We found that PTX significantly reduced Th17-EAE by inhibiting chemokine-receptor-dependent trafficking of Th17 cells. Strikingly, PTX also promoted the accumulation of B cells in the CNS, suggesting that PTX alters the disease toward a B-cell-dependent pathology. To determine the role of B cells, we compared the effects of PTX on Th17-EAE in wild-type (WT) and B-cell-deficient (µMT) mice. Without PTX treatment, disease severity was equivalent between WT and µMT mice. In contrast, with PTX treatment, the µMT mice had significantly less disease and a reduction in pathogenic Th17 cells in the CNS compared to the WT mice. In conclusion, this study shows that PTX inhibits the migration of pathogenic Th17 cells, while promoting the accumulation of pathogenic B cells in the CNS during Th17-EAE. These data provide useful methodological information for adoptive-transfer Th17-EAE and, furthermore, describe another important experimental system to study the pathogenic mechanisms of B cells in multiple sclerosis.
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CCR6 blockade on regulatory T cells ameliorates experimental model of multiple sclerosis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2020; 45:256-266. [PMID: 33437177 PMCID: PMC7790011 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2020.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a significant role in limiting damage of tissue affected by autoimmune process, which has been demonstrated in various experimental models for multiple sclerosis (MS) (mostly experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis – EAE), rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated that Tregs increasingly migrate to central nervous system (CNS) during subsequent phases of EAE (preclinical, initial attack, and remission). In contrast, in peripheral tissues (blood, lymph nodes, and spleen), a significant accumulation of Tregs is mostly present during EAE remission. Moreover, an increased expression of CCR6 on Tregs in the CNS, blood, lymph nodes, and spleen in all phases of EAE was observed. The highest expression of CCR6 on Tregs from the CNS, lymph nodes, and spleen was noted during the initial attack of EAE, whereas in the blood, the peak expression of CCR6 was detected during the preclinical phase. The presence of Tregs in the CNS during EAE was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. To analyze additional functional significance of CCR6 expression on Tregs for EAE pathology, we modulated the clinical course of this MS model using Tregs with blocked CCR6. EAE mice, which received CCR6-deficient Tregs showed significant amelioration of disease severity. This observation suggests that CCR6 on Tregs may be a potential target for future therapeutic interventions in MS.
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21
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de Toledo JHDS, Fraga-Silva TFDC, Borim PA, de Oliveira LRC, Oliveira EDS, Périco LL, Hiruma-Lima CA, de Souza AAL, de Oliveira CAF, Padilha PDM, Pinatto-Botelho MF, dos Santos AA, Sartori A, Zorzella-Pezavento SFG. Organic Selenium Reaches the Central Nervous System and Downmodulates Local Inflammation: A Complementary Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis? Front Immunol 2020; 11:571844. [PMID: 33193354 PMCID: PMC7664308 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.571844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The persistent inflammation is being mainly attributed to local oxidative stress and inflammasome activation implicated in the ensuing demyelination and axonal damage. Since new control measures remain necessary, we evaluated the preventive and therapeutic potential of a beta-selenium-lactic acid derivative (LAD-βSe), which is a source of organic selenium under development, to control experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) that is an animal model for MS. Two EAE murine models: C57BL/6 and SJL/J immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and proteolipid protein, respectively, and a model of neurodegeneration induced by LPS in male C57BL/6 mice were used. The preventive potential of LAD-βSe was initially tested in C57BL/6 mice, the chronic MS model, by three different protocols that were started 14 days before or 1 or 7 days after EAE induction and were extended until the acute disease phase. These three procedures were denominated preventive therapy -14 days, 1 day, and 7 days, respectively. LAD-βSe administration significantly controlled clinical EAE development without triggering overt hepatic and renal dysfunction. In addition of a tolerogenic profile in dendritic cells from the mesenteric lymph nodes, LAD-βSe also downregulated cell amount, activation status of macrophages and microglia, NLRP3 (NOD-like receptors) inflammasome activation and other pro-inflammatory parameters in the CNS. The high Se levels found in the CNS suggested that the product crossed the blood-brain barrier having a possible local effect. The hypothesis that LAD-βSe was acting locally was then confirmed by using the LPS-induced neurodegeneration model that also displayed Se accumulation and downmodulation of pro-inflammatory parameters in the CNS. Remarkably, therapy with LAD-βSe soon after the first remitting episode in SJL/J mice, also significantly downmodulated local inflammation and clinical disease severity. This study indicates that LAD-βSe, and possibly other derivatives containing Se, are able to reach the CNS and have the potential to be used as preventive and therapeutic measures in distinct clinical forms of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrícia Aparecida Borim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Evelyn da Silva Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Larissa Lucena Périco
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Adriana Aparecida Lopes de Souza
- Veterinary Clinical Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro de Magalhães Padilha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marcos Felipe Pinatto-Botelho
- LabSSeTe Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alcindo Aparecido dos Santos
- LabSSeTe Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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Szabo A, Akkouh IA, Ueland T, Lagerberg TV, Dieset I, Bjella T, Aukrust P, Le Hellard S, Stavrum AK, Melle I, Andreassen OA, Djurovic S. Cannabis Use Is Associated With Increased Levels of Soluble gp130 in Schizophrenia but Not in Bipolar Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:642. [PMID: 32714224 PMCID: PMC7343889 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex effects of plant cannabinoids on human physiology is not yet fully understood, but include a wide spectrum of effects on immune modulation. The immune system and its inflammatory effector pathways are recently emerging as possible causative factors in psychotic disorders. The present study aimed to investigate whether self-administered Cannabis use was associated with changes in circulating immune and neuroendocrine markers in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) patients. A screening of 13 plasma markers reflecting different inflammatory pathways was performed in SCZ (n = 401) and BD patients (n = 242) after subdividing each group into Cannabis user and non-user subgroups. We found that i) soluble gp130 (sgp130) concentrations were significantly elevated among Cannabis users in the SCZ group (p = 0.002) after multiple testing correction, but not in BD. ii) Nominally significant differences were observed in the levels of IL-1RA (p = 0.0059), YKL40 (p = 0.0069), CatS (p = 0.013), sTNFR1 (p = 0.031), and BDNF (p = 0.020), where these factors exhibited higher plasma levels in Cannabis user SCZ patients than in non-users. iii) These differences in systemic levels were not reflected by altered mRNA expression of genes encoding sgp130, IL-1RA, YKL40, CatS, sTNFR1, and BDNF in whole blood. Our results show that Cannabis self-administration is associated with markedly higher sgp130 levels in SCZ, but not in BD, and that this phenomenon is independent of the modulation of peripheral immune cells. These findings warrant further investigation into the potential IL-6 trans-signaling modulatory, anti-inflammatory, neuroimmune, and biobehavioral-cognitive effects of Cannabis use in SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Szabo
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ibrahim A. Akkouh
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Vik Lagerberg
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Dieset
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Bjella
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammatory Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne-Kristin Stavrum
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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23
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Suárez LJ, Vargas DE, Rodríguez A, Arce RM, Roa NS. Systemic Th17 response in the presence of periodontal inflammation. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20190490. [PMID: 32267379 PMCID: PMC7135952 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between periodontitis and the pathogenesis of other inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and obesity has been an important topic of study in recent decades. The Th17 pathway plays a significant role in how local inflammation can influence systemic inflammation in the absence of systemic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriana Rodríguez
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Roger M Arce
- The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Department of Periodontics, Augusta, United States
| | - Nelly S Roa
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
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24
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Balasa R, Barcutean L, Balasa A, Motataianu A, Roman-Filip C, Manu D. The action of TH17 cells on blood brain barrier in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:237-243. [PMID: 32122685 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cells, known as a highly pro-inflammatory subtype of Th cells, are involved very early in numerous aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) neuropathology. A crucial event for the formation and accumulation of MS lesions is represented by the disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in relapsing-remitting MS. Th17 cells also contribute to the progression of MS/EAE. These events will allow for the passage of inflammatory cells into the brain. Secondary to this, increased recruitment of neutrophils occurs, followed by increased protease activity that will continue to attract macrophages and monocytes, leading to brain inflammation with sustained myelin and axon damage. This review focuses mainly on the role of Th17 cells in penetrating the BBB and on their important effects on BBB disruption via their main secretion products, IL-17 and IL-22. We present the morphological aspects of Th17 cells that allow for intercellular contacts with BBB endothelial cells and the functional/secretory particularities of Th17 cells that allow for intercellular communications that enhance Th17 entry into the CNS. The cytokines and chemokines involved in these processes are described. In conclusion, Th17 cells can efficiently cross the BBB using pathways distinct from those used by Th1 cells, leading to BBB disruption, the activation of other inflammatory cells and neurodegeneration in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Balasa
- Neurology 1 Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Tirgu Mures, Romania; Neurology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Laura Barcutean
- Neurology 1 Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Tirgu Mures, Romania; Neurology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Adrian Balasa
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Anca Motataianu
- Neurology 1 Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Tirgu Mures, Romania; Neurology Department, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology Tirgu Mures, Romania.
| | | | - Doina Manu
- Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Tirgu Mures, Romania
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25
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The direct deleterious effect of Th17 cells in the nervous system compartment in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: one possible link between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. REV ROMANA MED LAB 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/rrlm-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The processes of demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are secondary to numerous pathophysiological mechanisms. One of the main cellular players is the Th17 lymphocyte. One of the major functions described for Th17 cells is the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17 at the level of peripheral and CNS inflammation. This review will focus on the newly described and unexpected, direct role played by the Th17 cells in the CNS of MS patients and EAE models. Th17 and their main cytokine, IL-17, are actively involved in the onset and maintenance of the immune cascade in the CNS compartment as Th17 were found to achieve brain-homing potential. Direct interaction of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein - specific Th17 with the neuronal cells firstly induces demyelination and secondly, extensive axonal damage. The Th17 cells promote an inflammatory B cell response beyond the BBB through the presence of infiltrating Th follicles. Due to their role in preventing remyelination and direct neurotoxic effect, Th17 cells might stand for an important connection between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a devastating disease like MS. The Th17 cell populations have different mechanisms of provoking an autoimmune attack not only in the periphery but also in the CNS of MS patients.
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26
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Wu B, Wan Y. Molecular control of pathogenic Th17 cells in autoimmune diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106187. [PMID: 31931372 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IL-17A-producing CD4+ T helper cells (Th17) are crucial for the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and thus are exploited for clinical immunotherapies. Emerging evidence suggests Th17 cells are heterogeneous and able to adopt both pathogenic and non-pathogenic phenotypes which are shaped by environmental and genetic factors. On one hand, IL-6 in concert with TGFβ1 can induce non-pathogenic Th17 cells (non-pTh17), which are not effective in inducing tissue inflammation. On the other hand, IL-6, IL-1β with IL-23 induce pathogenic Th17 cells (pTh17) to induce immune pathologies in various tissues. Th17 cells could be both pathogenic and non-pathogenic in a content-dependent manner in vivo. Understanding how the generation and pathogenicity of pTh17 cells are regulated will aid us to devise more effective immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the differentiation and regulation of Th17 cells especially pTh17 cells in vitro and in vivo. The emerging results revealing the specific molecular control of pTh17 cells are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Yisong Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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27
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Alrashdi B, Dawod B, Schampel A, Tacke S, Kuerten S, Marshall JS, Côté PD. Nav1.6 promotes inflammation and neuronal degeneration in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:215. [PMID: 31722722 PMCID: PMC6852902 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In multiple sclerosis (MS) and in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS, the Nav1.6 voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channel isoform has been implicated as a primary contributor to axonal degeneration. Following demyelination Nav1.6, which is normally co-localized with the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) at the nodes of Ranvier, associates with β-APP, a marker of neural injury. The persistent influx of sodium through Nav1.6 is believed to reverse the function of NCX, resulting in an increased influx of damaging Ca2+ ions. However, direct evidence for the role of Nav1.6 in axonal degeneration is lacking. METHODS In mice floxed for Scn8a, the gene that encodes the α subunit of Nav1.6, subjected to EAE we examined the effect of eliminating Nav1.6 from retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in one eye using an AAV vector harboring Cre and GFP, while using the contralateral either injected with AAV vector harboring GFP alone or non-targeted eye as control. RESULTS In retinas, the expression of Rbpms, a marker for retinal ganglion cells, was found to be inversely correlated to the expression of Scn8a. Furthermore, the gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Il6 (IL-6) and Ifng (IFN-γ), and of the reactive gliosis marker Gfap (GFAP) were found to be reduced in targeted retinas. Optic nerves from targeted eyes were shown to have reduced macrophage infiltration and improved axonal health. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results are consistent with Nav1.6 promoting inflammation and contributing to axonal degeneration following demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barakat Alrashdi
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.,Department of Biology, Al-Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassel Dawod
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Andrea Schampel
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Tacke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jean S Marshall
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Patrice D Côté
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada. .,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
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28
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Trettel F, Di Castro MA, Limatola C. Chemokines: Key Molecules that Orchestrate Communication among Neurons, Microglia and Astrocytes to Preserve Brain Function. Neuroscience 2019; 439:230-240. [PMID: 31376422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the CNS, chemokines and chemokine receptors are involved in pleiotropic physiological and pathological activities. Several evidences demonstrated that chemokine signaling in the CNS plays key homeostatic roles and, being expressed on neurons, glia and endothelial cells, chemokines mediate the bidirectional cross-talk among parenchymal cells. An efficient communication between neurons and glia is crucial to establish and maintain a healthy brain environment which ensures normal functionality. Glial cells behave as active sensors of environmental changes induced by neuronal activity or detrimental insults, supporting and exerting neuroprotective activities. In this review we summarize the evidence that chemokines (CXCL12, CX3CL1, CXCL16 and CCL2) modulate neuroprotective processes upon different noxious stimuli and participate to orchestrate neurons-microglia-astrocytes action to preserve and limit brain damage. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Honoring Ricardo Miledi - outstanding neuroscientist of XX-XXI centuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Trettel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Amalia Di Castro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 19, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
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29
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Wang H, Zhong D, Chen H, Jin J, Liu Q, Li G. NLRP3 inflammasome activates interleukin-23/interleukin-17 axis during ischaemia-reperfusion injury in cerebral ischaemia in mice. Life Sci 2019; 227:101-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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30
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Dopaminergic Therapeutics in Multiple Sclerosis: Focus on Th17-Cell Functions. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 15:37-47. [PMID: 31011885 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with an autoimmune mechanism of development. Currently, one of the most promising directions in the study of MS pathogenesis are the neuroimmune interactions. Dopamine is one of the key neurotransmitters in CNS. Furthermore, dopamine is a direct mediator of interactions between the immune and nervous systems and can influence MS pathogenesis by modulating immune cells activity and cytokine production. Recent studies have shown that dopamine can enhance or inhibit the functions of innate and adaptive immune system, depending on the activation of different dopaminergic receptors, and can therefore influence the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS. In this review, we discuss putative dopaminergic therapeutics in EAE and MS with focus on Th17-cells, which are thought to play crucial role in MS pathogenesis. We suggest that targeting dopaminergic receptors could be explored as a new kind of disease-modifying treatment of MS. Graphical Abstract.
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31
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Rafiee Zadeh A, Parsa S, Tavoosi N, Farshi M, Masaeli MF. Effect of fingolimod on white blood cell, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts in MS patients. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 8:9-15. [PMID: 31131156 PMCID: PMC6526352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fingolimod is an immunomodulating oral treatment used for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The exact mechanism for its action in preventing relapses is unknown. Also, its affect on immune cell populations remains unestablished. OBJECTIVES This study will measure the changes in cell populations of WBCs, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in MS patients after one month of treatment. METHODS 66 MS patients from Isfahan Province with RRMS were chosen based on certain exclusion criteria and eligibility for fingolimod oral treatment. Initial cell counts for WBC, lymphocyte, and neutrophil cell populations were achieved. Fingolimod .5 mg daily treatment was then initiated under the supervision of a physician. After one month of treatment, cell counts were repeated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. RESULTS Both lymphocyte and WBC mean cell counts were significantly decreased in this patient cohort. Neutrophil average cell counts were significantly increased in this 66 patient cohort. Only the decrease of WBC populations was significant for both male and female cohorts individually. Only female sub-cohorts were significantly changed for neutrophils and lymphocytes, increased and decreased respectively. Male sub-cohorts maintained the same directionality but failed to produce statistical significance. CONCLUSION While fingolimod has been effectively proven as reducing lymphocyte cells in most patient populations, its effects on neutrophils have not been studied in abundance. Also, there may be sex-related differences in responses to fingolimod treatment with regards to lymphocytes and neutrophils, suggesting a possible difference in RRMS pathogenesis between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Parsa
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad BranchIsfahan, Iran
| | - Nooshin Tavoosi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohsen Farshi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan, Iran
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32
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Maione F, Iqbal AJ, Raucci F, Letek M, Bauer M, D'Acquisto F. Repetitive Exposure of IL-17 Into the Murine Air Pouch Favors the Recruitment of Inflammatory Monocytes and the Release of IL-16 and TREM-1 in the Inflammatory Fluids. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2752. [PMID: 30555461 PMCID: PMC6284009 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The infiltration of Th17 cells in tissues and organs during the development of many autoimmune diseases is considered a key step toward the establishment of chronic inflammation. Indeed, the localized and prolonged release of IL-17 in specific tissues has been associated with an increased severity of the inflammatory response that remains sustained over time. The cellular and molecular mechanisms behind these effects are far from being clear. In this study we investigated the effects of two repetitive administration of recombinant IL-17 into the murine air pouch to simulate a scenario where IL-17 is released over time in a pre-inflamed tissue. Consistent with our previous observations, mice receiving a single dose of IL-17 showed a transitory influx of neutrophils into the air pouch that peaked at 24 h and declined at 48 h. Conversely, mice receiving a double dose of the cytokine—one at time 0 and the second after 24 h—showed a more dramatic inflammatory response with almost 2-fold increase in the number of infiltrated leukocytes and significant higher levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the inflammatory fluids. Further analysis of the exacerbated inflammatory response of double-injected IL-17 mice showed a unique cellular and biochemical profile with inflammatory monocytes as the second main population emigrating to the pouch and IL-16 and TREM-1 as the most upregulated cytokines found in the inflammatory fluids. Most interestingly, mice receiving a double injection of IL-1β did not show any change in the cellular or biochemical inflammatory response compared to those receiving a single injection or just vehicle. Collectively these results shed some light on the function of IL-17 as pro-inflammatory cytokine and provide possible novel ways to target therapeutically the pathogenic effects of IL-17 in autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Maione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Asif Jilani Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Michal Letek
- Health Science Research Centre, Department of Life Science, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Bauer
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fulvio D'Acquisto
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Health Science Research Centre, Department of Life Science, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
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33
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Fitas AL, Martins C, Borrego LM, Lopes L, Jörns A, Lenzen S, Limbert C. Immune cell and cytokine patterns in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus undergoing a remission phase: A longitudinal study. Pediatr Diabetes 2018. [PMID: 29527790 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes (T1D) develops in distinct stages, before and after disease onset. Whether the natural course translates into different immunologic patterns is still uncertain. This study aimed at identifying peripheral immune patterns at key time-points, in T1D children undergoing remission phase. METHODS Children with new-onset T1D and healthy age and gender-matched controls were recruited at a pediatric hospital. Peripheral blood samples were evaluated by flow cytometry at 3 longitudinal time-points: onset (T1), remission phase (T2) and established disease (T3). Cytokine levels were quantified by multiplex assay. Fasting C-peptide, HbA1c, and 25OHD were also measured. RESULTS T1D children (n = 28; 10.0 ± 2.6 years) showed significant differences from controls in circulating neutrophils, T helper (Th)17 and natural killer (NK) cells, with relevant variations during disease progression. At onset, neutrophils, NK, Th17 and T cytotoxic (Tc)17 cells were decreased. As disease progressed, neutrophil counts recovered whereas NK counts remained low. Th17 and Tc17 cells behavior followed the neutrophil variation pattern. B-cells were lowest in the remission phase and regulatory T-cells significantly declined after remission. Two cytokine response profiles were identified. Low cytokine-responders showed higher circulating fasting C-peptide levels at onset and longer remission periods. C-peptide inversely correlated with pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest an association between immune cells, cytokine patterns and metabolic counterparts. The dynamic changes of circulating immune cells during disease progression involve key innate and acquired immune cell types. This longitudinal picture of T1D progression may enable disease staging and patient stratification, essential for individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Fitas
- Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Martins
- Chronic Diseases Research Center CEDOC-NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Miguel Borrego
- Chronic Diseases Research Center CEDOC-NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Lopes
- Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anne Jörns
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sigurd Lenzen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Diabetes Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Catarina Limbert
- Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
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Egarnes B, Gosselin J. Contribution of Regulatory T Cells in Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Response to Influenza Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:132. [PMID: 29445379 PMCID: PMC5797787 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is recognized to cause severe pulmonary illnesses in humans, particularly in elderly and children. One of the features associated with IAV infection is an excessive lung inflammation due to an uncontrolled immune response. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) receptor is known to recognize ssRNA viruses such as IAV, but its role in the inflammatory process during viral infections remains to be clarified. In a previous report, we have shown that activation of NOD2 with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) significantly reduces both viral loads and lung inflammation and also improves pulmonary function during IAV infection. These findings prompted us to further investigate whether NOD2 receptor may contribute to regulate inflammation during viral infection. In the present study, we show that administration of MDP to mice infected with IAV stimulates the migration of regulatory T (Treg) cells to the lungs. Such a presence of Treg cells was also accompanied with a reduction of neutrophils in the lungs during IAV infection, which correlated, with a significant decrease of Th17 cells. In our model, Treg cell recruitment is dependent of CXCL12 and CCL5 chemokines. Moreover, we show that the presence of Ly6Clow patrolling monocytes is required for Treg cells mobilization to the lung of mice treated with MDP. In fact, following monocyte depletion by administration of clodronate liposome, mobilization of Treg cells to the lungs of treated mice was found to occur when circulating Ly6Clow monocytes begin to reemerge. In addition, we also detected an increased production of TGF-β, a cytokine contributing to Treg activity when blood Ly6Clow monocytes are restored. Together, our results demonstrate that MDP treatment can promote an anti-inflammatory environment through the mobilization of Treg cells to the lung, a mechanism that requires the presence of Ly6Clow monocytes during IAV infection. Overall, our results suggest that activation of NOD2 receptor could be an appealing approach to control pulmonary inflammation in patients infected with IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Egarnes
- Laboratory of Innate Immunology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Gosselin
- Laboratory of Innate Immunology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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IFN-β regulates Th17 differentiation partly through the inhibition of osteopontin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mol Immunol 2018; 93:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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IL-17 Exerts Anti-Apoptotic Effect via miR-155-5p Downregulation in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 63:320-332. [PMID: 29063445 PMCID: PMC5696500 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune, neurodegenerative disease, affecting mostly young adults and resulting in progressive disability. It is a multifactorial disorder, with important involvement of both cellular and epigenetic components. Among the epigenetic factors, microRNAs are currently intensively investigated in the context of multiple sclerosis. It has been shown that their biogenesis and function may be regulated by various cytokines. IL-17, a hallmark cytokine of Th17 cells, has been thought to function predominantly as a pro-inflammatory factor, leading to increased disease symptoms. However, there are several studies indicating its protective role during inflammatory process. In this work, we have assessed the impact of high-dose IL-17 administration on microRNAs’ expression profile during the preclinical stage of EAE. For selected microRNA, we have performed computational analysis of its potential target mRNAs and cellular pathways. Based on results obtained from in silico analysis, we have chosen genes from neurotrophin signaling pathway for further experiments—BDNF, HRAS, and BCL2. Results obtained in this study suggested that high dose of IL-17 exerts protective activity via miR-155-5p downregulation. Increased expression of all studied genes, especially BCL2, indicated a potential anti-apoptotic function of IL-17 during the preclinical phase of EAE.
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Lin J, Xue B, Li J, Xu H, Huang X, Yao Z, Li X, Xia J. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio may be a helpful marker to evaluate disease activity in NMOSD. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:1859-1863. [PMID: 28779361 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was introduced to assess the activity in autoimmune diseases. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has been defined as a chronic inflammatory disease with a course of relapse-remission. Therefore, the relationship between NLR and NMOSD was assessed in this article. Data of NMOSD patients was extracted. NLR is calculated as the absolute count of neutrophil divided by the absolute count of lymphocytes. Correlations between NLR and characteristics of NMOSD patients were evaluated. Effect of treatments on NLR was also analyzed. Increased level of NLR was observed in patients with NMOSD compared healthy individuals (p < 0.001); moreover, patients who were experiencing acute attack had a higher level of NLR compared with those who in remission (p < 0.001). NLR was correlated with RDW (r = 0.288, p = 0.021), ΔEDSS (r = 0.301, p = 0.016). NLR may be a helpful marker to assess the disease activity of NMOSD. Meanwhile, NLR may reflect the aggravated degree of neurological disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Ouhai, China
| | - Binbin Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Ouhai, China
| | - Huaqing Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaming Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Yao
- Department of General surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Ouhai, China.
| | - Junhui Xia
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Ouhai, China.
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Wojkowska DW, Szpakowski P, Glabinski A. Interleukin 17A Promotes Lymphocytes Adhesion and Induces CCL2 and CXCL1 Release from Brain Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017. [PMID: 28481289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051000"] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of the interaction between Th17 cells and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for the development of autoimmune inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or interleukin 17 (IL-17) stimulation is known to enhance the adherence of Th17 cells to the brain endothelium. The brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) express Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), the receptor responsible for inflammatory cell adhesion, which binds very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) on migrating effector lymphocytes at the early stage of brain inflammation. The present study examines the effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-17 on the adherence of Th17 cells to bEnd.3. The bEnd.3 cells were found to increase production of CCL2 and CXCL1 after stimulation by pro-inflammatory cytokines, while CCL2, CCL5, CCL20 and IL17 induced Th17 cell migration through a bEnd.3 monolayer. This observation may suggest potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of autoimmune neuroinflammation development in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Szpakowski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Glabinski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
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Wojkowska DW, Szpakowski P, Glabinski A. Interleukin 17A Promotes Lymphocytes Adhesion and Induces CCL2 and CXCL1 Release from Brain Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051000. [PMID: 28481289 PMCID: PMC5454913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of the interaction between Th17 cells and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for the development of autoimmune inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or interleukin 17 (IL-17) stimulation is known to enhance the adherence of Th17 cells to the brain endothelium. The brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) express Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), the receptor responsible for inflammatory cell adhesion, which binds very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) on migrating effector lymphocytes at the early stage of brain inflammation. The present study examines the effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-17 on the adherence of Th17 cells to bEnd.3. The bEnd.3 cells were found to increase production of CCL2 and CXCL1 after stimulation by pro-inflammatory cytokines, while CCL2, CCL5, CCL20 and IL17 induced Th17 cell migration through a bEnd.3 monolayer. This observation may suggest potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of autoimmune neuroinflammation development in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Szpakowski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Glabinski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland.
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Li WX, Qi F, Liu JQ, Li GH, Dai SX, Zhang T, Cheng F, Liu D, Zheng SG. Different impairment of immune and inflammation functions in short and long-term after ischemic stroke. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:736-745. [PMID: 28337302 PMCID: PMC5340709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke therapy and prognosis outcomes largely depend on the time periods after symptom onset. This study aims to explore the difference of global gene expression profiles and impairment of biological functions between short-term and long-term after stroke onset. We compared three short-term (3 h, 5 h and 24 h) and a long-term (6-month) gene expression levels by a multi-platform microarray data integration method. RankProd was used to calculate the differentially expressed genes between stroke patients and controls. DAVID Bioinformatics Resources was utilized to determine affected biological functions. Consensus cluster and hierarchical cluster methods were employed to compare the gene expression patterns of the commonly biological functions among these four time course groups. The results showed that severe impairment of inflammation and immune related functions in 5 h and 24 h after symptom onset. However, these functions were less affected in the 3 h and the 6-month groups. In addition, several key genes (CCL20, THBS1, EREG, and IL6 et al.) were dramatically down-regulated in 5 h and 24 h groups, whereas these genes showed no change or even a slight contrary expression in 3 h or 6-month groups. This study has identified the large differences of altered immune and inflammation functions based on gene levels between short and long-term after stroke onset. The findings provide valuable insight into the clinical practice and prognosis evaluation of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xing Li
- Institute of Health Sciences, Anhui UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jia-Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Gong-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Shao-Xing Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center at Penn State UnversityHershey, 17036, USA
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41
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The chemokine CXCL16 modulates neurotransmitter release in hippocampal CA1 area. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34633. [PMID: 27721466 PMCID: PMC5056385 DOI: 10.1038/srep34633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have several physio-pathological roles in the brain. Among them, the modulation of synaptic contacts and neurotransmission recently emerged as crucial activities during brain development, in adulthood, upon neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. CXCL16 is a chemokine normally expressed in the brain, where it exerts neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced damages through cross communication with astrocytes and the involvement of the adenosine receptor type 3 (A3R) and the chemokine CCL2. Here we demonstrated for the first time that CXCL16 exerts a modulatory activity on inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission in CA1 area. We found that CXCL16 increases the frequency of the miniature inhibitory synaptic currents (mIPSCs) and the paired-pulse ratio (PPR) of evoked IPSCs (eIPSCs), suggesting a presynaptic modulation of the probability of GABA release. In addition, CXCL16 increases the frequency of the miniature excitatory synaptic currents (mEPSCs) and reduces the PPR of evoked excitatory transmission, indicating that the chemokine also modulates and enhances the release of glutamate. These effects were not present in the A3RKO mice and in WT slices treated with minocycline, confirming the involvement of A3 receptors and introducing microglial cells as key mediators of the modulatory activity of CXCL16 on neurons.
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Yan J, Yang X, Han D, Feng J. Tanshinone IIA attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:1601-9. [PMID: 27357729 PMCID: PMC4940100 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune neurodegenerative disease, which features focal demyelination and inflammatory cell infiltration of the brain and the spinal cord. Tanshinone IIA (TSIIA), one of the major fat‑soluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), has anti‑inflammatory, immunoregulatory and neuroprotective activity; however, its efficacy in MS remains unknown. The current study was designed to investigate the potential therapeutic function of TSIIA on MS in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model. In comparison to the vehicle control group, the TSIIA‑treated groups showed notably improved clinical symptoms and pathological changes, including central nervous system inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination. Following administration of TSIIA, the quantity of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and macrophages/microglia in the spinal cord were reduced to different extents. Furthermore, TSIIA was also shown to downregulate interleukin (IL)‑17 and IL‑23 levels in the brain and serum of EAE rats. The results collectively provide evidence that TSIIA alleviates EAE and support its utility as a novel therapy for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of Neurology, The Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Neurology, The Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Antigen-oriented T cell migration contributes to myelin peptide induced-EAE and immune tolerance. Clin Immunol 2016; 169:36-46. [PMID: 27327113 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with soluble myelin peptide can efficiently and specifically induce tolerance to demyelination autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, however the mechanism underlying this therapeutic effect remains to be elucidated. In actively induced mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) we analyzed T cell and innate immune cell responses in the central nervous system (CNS) and spleen after intraperitoneal (i.p.) infusion of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). We found that i.p. MOG infusion blocked effector T cell recruitment to the CNS and protected mice from EAE and lymphoid organ atrophy. Innate immune CD11b(+) cells preferentially recruited MOG-specific effector T cells, particularly when activated to become competent antigen presenting cells (APCs). During EAE development, mature APCs were enriched in the CNS rather than in the spleen, attracting effector T cells to the CNS. Increased myelin antigen exposure induced CNS-APC maturation, recruiting additional effector T cells to the CNS, causing symptoms of disease. MOG triggered functional maturation of splenic APCs. MOG presenting APCs interacted with MOG-specific T cells in the spleen, aggregating to cluster around CD11b(+) cells, and were trapped in the periphery. This process was MHC II dependent as an MHC II directed antibody blocked CD4(+) T cell cluster formation. These findings highlight the role of myelin peptide-loaded APCs in myelin peptide-induced EAE and immune tolerance.
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Tseng CC, Chang SJ, Tsai WC, Ou TT, Wu CC, Sung WY, Hsieh MC, Yen JH. Increased incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in multiple sclerosis: A nationwide cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3999. [PMID: 27368008 PMCID: PMC4937922 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Past studies have shown inconsistent results on whether there is an association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis. To investigate the possible relationship between the 2 autoimmune diseases, we performed a nationwide cohort study utilizing the National Health Insurance Research Database and the Registry of Catastrophic Illness.A total of 1456 newly diagnosed patients with MS and 10,362 control patients were matched for age, sex, and initial diagnosis date. Patients with MS had a higher incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (age-adjusted standardized incidence ratio: 1.72; 95% confidence interval = 1.01-2.91). There was a positive correlation in being diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in patients previously diagnosed with MS when stratified by sex and age. The strength of this association remained statistically significant after adjusting for sex, age, and smoking history (hazard ratio: 1.78, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-2.56, P = 0.002).In conclusion, this study demonstrates that a diagnosis of MS increased the likelihood of a subsequent diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in patients, independent of sex, age, and smoking history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital
| | - Shun-Jen Chang
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung
- Correspondence: Shun-Jen Chang, Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (e-mail: ); Jeng-Hsien Yen, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (e-mail: )
| | - Wen-Chan Tsai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Tsan-Teng Ou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Cheng-Chin Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Wan-Yu Sung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Ming-Chia Hsieh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Shun-Jen Chang, Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (e-mail: ); Jeng-Hsien Yen, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (e-mail: )
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Barthelmes J, Tafferner N, Kurz J, de Bruin N, Parnham MJ, Geisslinger G, Schiffmann S. Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27214391 DOI: 10.3791/53933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is presumed to be an inflammatory autoimmune disease, which is characterized by lesion formation in the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in cognitive and motor impairment. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a useful animal model of MS, because it is also characterized by lesion formation in the CNS, motor impairment and is also driven by autoimmune and inflammatory reactions. One of the EAE models is induced with a peptide derived from the myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG)35-55 in mice. The EAE mice develop a progressive disease course. This course is divided into three phases: the preclinical phase (day 0 - 9), the disease onset (day 10 - 11) and the acute phase (day 12 - 14). MS and EAE are induced by autoreactive T cells that infiltrate the CNS. These T cells secrete chemokines and cytokines which lead to the recruitment of further immune cells. Therefore, the immune cell distribution in the spinal cord during the three disease phases was investigated. To highlight the time point of the disease at which the activation/proliferation/accumulation of T cells, B cells and monocytes starts, the immune cell distribution in lymph nodes, spleen and blood was also assessed. Furthermore, the levels of several cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, TNFα, IFNγ) in the three disease phases were determined, to gain insight into the inflammatory processes of the disease. In conclusion, the data provide an overview of the functional profile of immune cells during EAE pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Barthelmes
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt
| | - Nadja Tafferner
- Project Group for Translational Medicine & Pharmacology, Fraunhofer IME
| | - Jennifer Kurz
- Project Group for Translational Medicine & Pharmacology, Fraunhofer IME
| | - Natasja de Bruin
- Project Group for Translational Medicine & Pharmacology, Fraunhofer IME
| | - Michael J Parnham
- Project Group for Translational Medicine & Pharmacology, Fraunhofer IME
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt
| | - Susanne Schiffmann
- Project Group for Translational Medicine & Pharmacology, Fraunhofer IME;
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Seminal plasma induces inflammation in the uterus through the γδ T/IL-17 pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25118. [PMID: 27109934 PMCID: PMC4842971 DOI: 10.1038/srep25118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
After insemination, a large number of leukocytes migrate into the uterus, which is accompanied by intense inflammation. However, the details of how seminal plasma interacts with the uterus are still not very clear. Here, we present that neutrophils migrate and accumulate around the uterine epithelium following insemination, which is accompanied by an increase in interleukin (IL) 17A levels. Additionally, we find that γδ T cells are the major source of IL-17A, and the seminal plasma could induce the γδ T cells to secret IL-17A. Blocking IL-17A could reduce the number of neutrophils in the uterus and prevent them from migrating to the epithelium by decreasing the chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL5. Blocking IL-17A did not affect the Th1/Th2 balance but actually diminished the inflammation in the uterus by reducing the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. In summary, we found a new mechanism by which seminal plasma could influence the inflammation in the uterus through the γδ T/IL-17 pathway to regulate the expression of various chemokines and cytokines.
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Lin J, Li X, Xia J. Th17 cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a review. Int J Neurosci 2016; 126:1051-60. [DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2016.1163550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bravo B, Gallego MI, Flores AI, Bornstein R, Puente-Bedia A, Hernández J, de la Torre P, García-Zaragoza E, Perez-Tavarez R, Grande J, Ballester A, Ballester S. Restrained Th17 response and myeloid cell infiltration into the central nervous system by human decidua-derived mesenchymal stem cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:43. [PMID: 26987803 PMCID: PMC4797118 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis is a widespread inflammatory demyelinating disease. Several immunomodulatory therapies are available, including interferon-β, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, fingolimod, and mitoxantrone. Although useful to delay disease progression, they do not provide a definitive cure and are associated with some undesirable side-effects. Accordingly, the search for new therapeutic methods constitutes an active investigation field. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to modify the disease course is currently the subject of intense interest. Decidua-derived MSCs (DMSCs) are a cell population obtained from human placental extraembryonic membranes able to differentiate into the three germ layers. This study explores the therapeutic potential of DMSCs. METHODS We used the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal model to evaluate the effect of DMSCs on clinical signs of the disease and on the presence of inflammatory infiltrates in the central nervous system. We also compared the inflammatory profile of spleen T cells from DMSC-treated mice with that of EAE control animals, and the influence of DMSCs on the in vitro definition of the Th17 phenotype. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects on the presence of some critical cell types in central nervous system infiltrates. RESULTS Preventive intraperitoneal injection of DMSCs resulted in a significant delay of external signs of EAE. In addition, treatment of animals already presenting with moderate symptoms resulted in mild EAE with reduced disease scores. Besides decreased inflammatory infiltration, diminished percentages of CD4(+)IL17(+), CD11b(+)Ly6G(+) and CD11b(+)Ly6C(+) cells were found in infiltrates of treated animals. Early immune response was mitigated, with spleen cells of DMSC-treated mice displaying low proliferative response to antigen, decreased production of interleukin (IL)-17, and increased production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. Moreover, lower RORγT and higher GATA-3 expression levels were detected in DMSC-treated mice. DMSCs also showed a detrimental influence on the in vitro definition of the Th17 phenotype. CONCLUSIONS DMSCs modulated the clinical course of EAE, modified the frequency and cell composition of the central nervous system infiltrates during the disease, and mediated an impairment of Th17 phenotype establishment in favor of the Th2 subtype. These results suggest that DMSCs might provide a new cell-based therapy for the control of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bravo
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta I. Gallego
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Mammary Gland Pathology, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Flores
- Grupo de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Bornstein
- Hospital Central de Cruz Roja, Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Avenida de Reina Victoria 24, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Puente-Bedia
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paz de la Torre
- Grupo de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-Zaragoza
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Mammary Gland Pathology, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Perez-Tavarez
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Histology Core Unit, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Grande
- Grupo de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Ballester
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Ballester
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
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Increased incidence of multiple sclerosis in systemic sclerosis: A nationwide cohort study. Prev Med 2016; 84:6-11. [PMID: 26724518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies showed inconsistent results on the association of systemic sclerosis (SSc) with multiple sclerosis (MS), and are limited by a lack of adjustment for sex and age. The goals of this retrospective cohort study were to evaluate whether SSc is associated with increased incident MS independent of sex and age. METHODS We enrolled patients with SSc from Taiwan's Registry of Catastrophic Illness Database and referent subjects from the National Health Insurance Research Database. Each SSc patient was matched to at most three referent subjects by sex, age, month and year of initial diagnosis of SSc. Incidence of MS in SSc patients and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Cox hazard regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of MS. RESULTS The study enrolled 1171 patients with SSc and 3409 referent subjects. Patients with SSc had higher incidence of MS than referent subjects (9.35 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI=6.86-11.85; 0.13 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI=0.03-0.37, respectively). Similar results also occurred in both men and women. SSc was associated with increased incidence of MS after adjusting for sex and age (HR: 69.48, 95% CI=21.69-222.54). CONCLUSION SSc is associated with increased incidence of MS, independent of sex and age of the patients. Multidisciplinary teams should guide the assessment, treatment, and holistic care of SSc patients to reduce its morbidity.
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Parallel Aspects of the Microenvironment in Cancer and Autoimmune Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:4375120. [PMID: 26997761 PMCID: PMC4779817 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4375120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and autoimmune diseases are fundamentally different pathological conditions. In cancer, the immune response is suppressed and unable to eradicate the transformed self-cells, while in autoimmune diseases it is hyperactivated against a self-antigen, leading to tissue injury. Yet, mechanistically, similarities in the triggering of the immune responses can be observed. In this review, we highlight some parallel aspects of the microenvironment in cancer and autoimmune diseases, especially hypoxia, and the role of macrophages, neutrophils, and their interaction. Macrophages, owing to their plastic mode of activation, can generate a pro- or antitumoral microenvironment. Similarly, in autoimmune diseases, macrophages tip the Th1/Th2 balance via various effector cytokines. The contribution of neutrophils, an additional plastic innate immune cell population, to the microenvironment and disease progression is recently gaining more prominence in both cancer and autoimmune diseases, as they can secrete cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as acquire an enhanced ability to produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that are now considered important initiators of autoimmune diseases. Understanding the contribution of macrophages and neutrophils to the cancerous or autoimmune microenvironment, as well as the role their interaction and cooperation play, may help identify new targets and improve therapeutic strategies.
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