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Gupta MK, Gouda G, Vadde R. Relation Between Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Evolutionary Insights, Perspectives and Controversies. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:475-495. [PMID: 38850502 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Since the mid-twentieth century, obesity and its related comorbidities, notably insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), have surged. Nevertheless, their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Evolutionary medicine (EM) sheds light on these issues by examining how evolutionary processes shape traits and diseases, offering insights for medical practice. This review summarizes the pathogenesis and genetics of obesity-related IR and T2D. Subsequently, delving into their evolutionary connections. Addressing limitations and proposing future research directions aims to enhance our understanding of these conditions, paving the way for improved treatments and prevention strategies. RECENT FINDINGS Several evolutionary hypotheses have been proposed to unmask the origin of obesity-related IR and T2D, e.g., the "thrifty genotype" hypothesis suggests that certain "thrifty genes" that helped hunter-gatherer populations efficiently store energy as fat during feast-famine cycles are now maladaptive in our modern obesogenic environment. The "drifty genotype" theory suggests that if thrifty genes were advantageous, they would have spread widely, but proposes genetic drift instead. The "behavioral switch" and "carnivore connection" hypotheses propose insulin resistance as an adaptation for a brain-dependent, low-carbohydrate lifestyle. The thrifty phenotype theory suggests various metabolic outcomes shaped by genes and environment during development. However, the majority of these hypotheses lack experimental validation. Understanding why ancestral advantages now predispose us to diseases may aid in drug development and prevention of disease. EM helps us to understand the evolutionary relation between obesity-related IR and T2D. But still gaps and contradictions persist. Further interdisciplinary research is required to elucidate complete mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516005, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Gayatri Gouda
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753 006, Odisha, India
| | - Ramakrishna Vadde
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516005, Andhra Pradesh, India
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2
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Cheng YF, Yang CY, Tsai MC. Shared Genetics between Age at Menarche and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Genome-Wide Genetic Correlation Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:157. [PMID: 38255262 PMCID: PMC10813301 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Age at menarche (AAM) has been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, little is known about their shared heritability. Methods: Our data comes from the Taiwan Biobank. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were conducted to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to AAM-, T2DM-, and T2DM-related phenotypes, such as body fat percentage (BFP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C). Further, the conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) method was applied to examine the shared genetic signals. Results: Conditioning on AAM, Quantile-quantile plots showed an earlier departure from the diagonal line among SNPs associated with BFP and FBG, indicating pleiotropic enrichments among AAM and these traits. Further, the cFDR analysis found 39 independent pleiotropic loci that may underlie the AAM-T2DM association. Among them, FN3KRP rs1046896 (cFDR = 6.84 × 10-49), CDKAL1 rs2206734 (cFDR = 6.48 × 10-10), B3GNTL1 rs58431774 (cFDR = 2.95 × 10-10), G6PC2 rs1402837 (cFDR = 1.82 × 10-8), and KCNQ1 rs60808706 (cFDR = 9.49 × 10-8) were highlighted for their significant genetic enrichment. The protein-protein interaction analysis revealed a significantly enriched network among novel discovered genes that were mostly found to be involved in the insulin and glucagon signaling pathways. Conclusions: Our study highlights potential pleiotropic effects across AAM and T2DM. This may shed light on identifying the genetic causes of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Fang Cheng
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Yang
- Department of Statistics, College of Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Shengli Road, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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3
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Goud TJ. Epigenetic and Long-Term Effects of Nicotine on Biology, Behavior, and Health. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106741. [PMID: 37149116 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco and nicotine use are associated with disease susceptibility and progression. Health challenges associated with nicotine and smoking include developmental delays, addiction, mental health and behavioral changes, lung disease, cardiovascular disease, endocrine disorders, diabetes, immune system changes, and cancer. Increasing evidence suggests that nicotine-associated epigenetic changes may mediate or moderate the development and progression of a myriad of negative health outcomes. In addition, nicotine exposure may confer increased lifelong susceptibility to disease and mental health challenges through alteration of epigenetic signaling. This review examines the relationship between nicotine exposure (and smoking), epigenetic changes, and maladaptive outcomes that include developmental disorders, addiction, mental health challenges, pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, endocrine disorders, diabetes, immune system changes, and cancer. Overall, findings support the contention that nicotine (or smoking) associated altered epigenetic signaling is a contributing factor to disease and health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Goud
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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OCAK Ö, SILAN F. Diyabetik Periferik Polinöropatili Hastalarda İnterlökin-23R Gen Polimofizmleri. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.1097853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Amaç: Diyabetik nöropatinin patogenezinde proinflamatuar ve nörovasküler değişiklikler suçlanmaktadır. Diyabetin vasküler inflamasyonu tetiklediği kabul edilse de inflamasyonun da diyabeti tetikleyebileceği öne sürülmüştür. İnterlökin-23 (IL-23) aktive makrofajlar ve dendritik hücreler tarafından salgılanan proinflamatuar bir sitokindir. Interleukin-23R'nin kronik inflamatuar hastalıklarda kritik bir rolü olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, IL-23R polimorfizmi ile diyabetik periferik nöropati arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
Yöntem: Nöroloji polikliniğine başvuran 50 diyabetik periferik nöropati hastası ve hasta grubuna yaş ve cinsiyet açısından uyumlu 52 sağlıklı kontrol çalışmaya dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden gönüllülerin tamamına elektromiyografi uygulandı ve EDTA'lı tüplere 2 ml kan örneği alındı. Pyrosequencing yöntemi ile IL-23R gen polimorfizmi analiz edildi.
Bulgular: IL-23R gen varyantları rs2201841, rs199542433, rs201052419, rs11209026 diyabetik periferik nöropati (DPN) hastalarında ve kontrol grubunda analiz edildi. IL23R polimorfizmleri sıklıkları açısından hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. Ancak, odd’s oranlarına bakıldığında, rs2201841'in koruyucu rolü var gibi görünmekte, rs199542433 hem baskın hem de çekinik modellerde ve rs11209026 sadece çekinik modelde, DPN için 10 kata kadar daha yüksek risklerle ilişkili olabileceği görünmektedir.
Sonuç: IL-23R gen polimorfizminin birçok otoimmün ve inflamatuar hastalık ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. İnflamasyonun diyabet üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu bilinmektedir. Diyabetik periferik nöropatide IL-23R gen polimorfizminin sıklığı anlamlı değildi. Çalışmamız diyabetik periferik nöropatide IL-23R gen polimorfizminin rolünü araştıran tek ve ilk çalışmadır. Etnik köken, genetik çalışmalarda çok önemlidir ve bu çalışmanın başka etnik kökene sahip hastalarda yapılması ve daha geniş çalışma gruplarının alınması, bize ilerisi için daha net bilgiler verecektir.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma SILAN
- ÇANAKKALE ONSEKİZ MART ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ
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5
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Yaribeygi H, Maleki M, Sathyapalan T, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Obesity and Insulin Resistance: A Review of Molecular Interactions. Curr Mol Med 2021; 21:182-193. [PMID: 32787760 DOI: 10.2174/1566524020666200812221527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus is rising globally in epidemic proportions. Diabetes and its complications contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. An increase in sedentary lifestyle and consumption of a more energydense diet increased the incidence of obesity which is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Obesity acts as a potent upstream event that promotes molecular mechanisms involved in insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. However, the exact molecular mechanisms between obesity and diabetes are not clearly understood. In the current study, we have reviewed the molecular interactions between obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mina Maleki
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
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Post-weaning exposure to high-sucrose diet induces early non-alcoholic fatty liver disease onset and progression in male mice: role of dysfunctional white adipose tissue. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 11:509-520. [PMID: 32594969 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) particularly among chronic consumers of added sugar-rich diets. However, the impact of early consumption of such diets on NAFLD onset and progression is unclear. Thus, this study sought to characterise metabolic factors involved in NAFLD progression in young mice fed with a high-sucrose diet (HSD). Male Swiss mice were fed HSD or regular chow (CTR) from weaning for up to 60 or 90 days. Obesity development, glucose homeostasis and serum biochemical parameters were determined at each time-point. At day 90, mice were euthanised and white adipose tissue (WAT) collected for lipolytic function assessment and liver for histology, gene expression and cytokines quantification. At day 60, HSD mice presented increased body mass, hypertriglyceridemia, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) and simple steatosis. Upon 90 days on diet, WAT from HSD mice displayed impaired insulin sensitivity, which coincided with increased fasting levels of glucose and free fatty acids (FFA), as well as NAFLD progression to NASH. Transcriptional levels of lipogenic genes, particularly stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, were consistently increased, leading to hepatic leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines spillover. Therefore, our dataset supports IR triggering in the WAT as a major factor for dysfunctional release of FFA towards portal circulation and consequent upregulation of lipogenic genes and hepatic inflammatory onset, which decisively concurred for NAFLD-to-NASH progression in young HSD-fed mice. Notwithstanding, this study forewarns against the early introduction of dietary sugars in infant diet, particularly following breastfeeding cessation.
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Sirdah MM, Reading NS. Genetic predisposition in type 2 diabetes: A promising approach toward a personalized management of diabetes. Clin Genet 2020; 98:525-547. [PMID: 32385895 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, also known simply as diabetes, has been described as a chronic and complex endocrine metabolic disorder that is a leading cause of death across the globe. It is considered a key public health problem worldwide and one of four important non-communicable diseases prioritized for intervention through world health campaigns by various international foundations. Among its four categories, Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the commonest form of diabetes accounting for over 90% of worldwide cases. Unlike monogenic inherited disorders that are passed on in a simple pattern, T2D is a multifactorial disease with a complex etiology, where a mixture of genetic and environmental factors are strong candidates for the development of the clinical condition and pathology. The genetic factors are believed to be key predisposing determinants in individual susceptibility to T2D. Therefore, identifying the predisposing genetic variants could be a crucial step in T2D management as it may ameliorate the clinical condition and preclude complications. Through an understanding the unique genetic and environmental factors that influence the development of this chronic disease individuals can benefit from personalized approaches to treatment. We searched the literature published in three electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science for the current status of T2D and its associated genetic risk variants and discus promising approaches toward a personalized management of this chronic, non-communicable disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Sirdah
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Biology Department, Al Azhar University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - N Scott Reading
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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8
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de Andrade M, Mazo Lopera MA, Duarte NE. Bivariate traits association analysis using generalized estimating equations in family data. Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol 2020; 19:sagmb-2019-0030. [PMID: 32374294 DOI: 10.1515/sagmb-2019-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Genome wide association study (GWAS) is becoming fundamental in the arduous task of deciphering the etiology of complex diseases. The majority of the statistical models used to address the genes-disease association consider a single response variable. However, it is common for certain diseases to have correlated phenotypes such as in cardiovascular diseases. Usually, GWAS typically sample unrelated individuals from a population and the shared familial risk factors are not investigated. In this paper, we propose to apply a bivariate model using family data that associates two phenotypes with a genetic region. Using generalized estimation equations (GEE), we model two phenotypes, either discrete, continuous or a mixture of them, as a function of genetic variables and other important covariates. We incorporate the kinship relationships into the working matrix extended to a bivariate analysis. The estimation method and the joint gene-set effect in both phenotypes are developed in this work. We also evaluate the proposed methodology with a simulation study and an application to real data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariza de Andrade
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mauricio A Mazo Lopera
- Escuela de Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Antioquia, 050022, Colombia
| | - Nubia E Duarte
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, Caldas, 170001, Colombia
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Nagrani R, Foraita R, Gianfagna F, Iacoviello L, Marild S, Michels N, Molnár D, Moreno L, Russo P, Veidebaum T, Ahrens W, Marron M. Common genetic variation in obesity, lipid transfer genes and risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Results from IDEFICS/I.Family study and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7189. [PMID: 32346024 PMCID: PMC7188794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and young adults is increasing, a better understanding of genetics that underlie MetS will provide critical insights into the origin of the disease. We examined associations of common genetic variants and repeated MetS score from early childhood to adolescence in a pan-European, prospective IDEFICS/I.Family cohort study with baseline survey and follow-up examinations after two and six years. We tested associations in 3067 children using a linear mixed model and confirmed the results with meta-analysis of identified SNPs. With a stringent Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons we obtained significant associations(p < 1.4 × 10−4) for 5 SNPs, which were in high LD (r2 > 0.85) in the 16q12.2 non-coding intronic chromosomal region of FTO gene with strongest association observed for rs8050136 (effect size(β) = 0.31, pWald = 1.52 × 10−5). We also observed a strong association of rs708272 in CETP with increased HDL (p = 5.63 × 10−40) and decreased TRG (p = 9.60 × 10−5) levels. These findings along with meta-analysis advance etiologic understanding of childhood MetS, highlighting that genetic predisposition to MetS is largely driven by genes of obesity and lipid metabolism. Inclusion of the associated genetic variants in polygenic scores for MetS may prove to be fundamental for identifying children and subsequently adults of the high-risk group to allow earlier targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajini Nagrani
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Ronja Foraita
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Francesco Gianfagna
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy.,EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Staffan Marild
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Luis Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition, and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Manuela Marron
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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Genetic analysis of hsCRP in American Indians: The Strong Heart Family Study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223574. [PMID: 31622379 PMCID: PMC6797125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increased serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an important component of the innate immune response, are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been identified which are associated with CRP levels, and Mendelian randomization studies have shown a positive association between SNPs increasing CRP expression and risk of colon cancer (but thus far not CVD). The effects of individual genetic variants often interact with the genetic background of a population and hence we sought to resolve the genetic determinants of serum CRP in a number of American Indian populations. Methods The Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS) has serum CRP measurements from 2428 tribal members, recruited as large families from three regions of the United States. Microsatellite markers and MetaboChip defined SNP genotypes were incorporated into variance components, decomposition-based linkage and association analyses. Results CRP levels exhibited significant heritability (h2 = 0.33 ± 0.05, p<1.3 X 10−20). A locus on chromosome (chr) 6, near marker D6S281 (approximately at 169.6 Mb, GRCh38/hg38) showed suggestive linkage (LOD = 1.9) to CRP levels. No individual SNPs were found associated with CRP levels after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing (threshold <7.77 x 10−7), however, we found nominal associations, many of which replicate previous findings at the CRP, HNF1A and 7 other loci. In addition, we report association of 46 SNPs located at 7 novel loci on chromosomes 2, 5, 6(2 loci), 9, 10 and 17, with an average of 15.3 Kb between SNPs and all with p-values less than 7.2 X 10−4. Conclusion In agreement with evidence from other populations, these data show CRP serum levels are under considerable genetic influence; and include loci, such as near CRP and other genes, that replicate results from other ethnic groups. These findings also suggest possible novel loci on chr 6 and other chromosomes that warrant further investigation.
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McKay TB, Priyadarsini S, Karamichos D. Mechanisms of Collagen Crosslinking in Diabetes and Keratoconus. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101239. [PMID: 31614631 PMCID: PMC6830090 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen crosslinking provides the mechanical strength required for physiological maintenance of the extracellular matrix in most tissues in the human body, including the cornea. Aging and diabetes mellitus (DM) are processes that are both associated with increased collagen crosslinking that leads to increased corneal rigidity. By contrast, keratoconus (KC) is a corneal thinning disease associated with decreased mechanical stiffness leading to ectasia of the central cornea. Studies have suggested that crosslinking mediated by reactive advanced glycation end products during DM may protect the cornea from KC development. Parallel to this hypothesis, riboflavin-mediated photoreactive corneal crosslinking has been proposed as a therapeutic option to halt the progression of corneal thinning by inducing intra- and intermolecular crosslink formation within the collagen fibrils of the stroma, leading to stabilization of the disease. Here, we review the pathobiology of DM and KC in the context of corneal structure, the epidemiology behind the inverse correlation of DM and KC development, and the chemical mechanisms of lysyl oxidase-mediated crosslinking, advanced glycation end product-mediated crosslinking, and photoreactive riboflavin-mediated corneal crosslinking. The goal of this review is to define the biological and chemical pathways important in physiological and pathological processes related to collagen crosslinking in DM and KC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina B McKay
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Shrestha Priyadarsini
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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12
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Rosik J, Szostak B, Machaj F, Pawlik A. The role of genetics and epigenetics in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Ann Hum Genet 2019; 84:114-124. [DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin Poland
| | - Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin Poland
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Physiology Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin Poland
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13
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Kallinikou D, Soldatou A, Tsentidis C, Louraki M, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Kanavakis E, Karavanaki K. Diabetic neuropathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Diagnosis, pathogenesis, and associated genetic markers. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3178. [PMID: 31083769 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common long-term complication of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes mellitus, with significant morbidity and mortality. DN is defined as impaired function of the autonomic and/or peripheral nervous system, often subclinical, particularly in children and adolescents with T1D. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and skin biopsies are considered gold-standard methods in the assessment of DN. Multiple environmental and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Specifically, the role of metabolic control and glycemic variability is of paramount importance. A number of recently identified genes, including the AKR1B1, VEGF, MTHFR, APOE, and ACE genes, contribute significantly in the pathogenesis of DN. These genes may serve as biomarkers to predict future DN development or treatment response. In addition, they may serve as the basis for the development of new medications or gene therapy. In this review, the diagnostic evaluation, pathogenesis, and associated genetic markers of DN in children and adolescents with T1D are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Kallinikou
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-Faculty of Medicine, "P.&A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Soldatou
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-Faculty of Medicine, "P.&A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Tsentidis
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-Faculty of Medicine, "P.&A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Louraki
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-Faculty of Medicine, "P.&A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- Diabetes Center, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-Faculty of Medicine, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Kanavakis
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-Faculty of Medicine, "P.&A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Medical Genetics, Choremeio Research Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Karavanaki
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-Faculty of Medicine, "P.&A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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14
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Zhang X, Gu HF, Frystyk J, Efendic S, Brismar K, Thorell A. Analyses of IGFBP2 DNA methylation and mRNA expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese subjects. Growth Horm IGF Res 2019; 45:31-36. [PMID: 30921666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding-protein 2 (IGFBP-2) is secreted by differentiating white adipocytes. Clinical studies demonstrate that circulating IGFBP-2 levels associated inversely with body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance. To explore possible epigenetic changes of the IGFBP2 gene in obesity, we analyzed DNA methylation and mRNA expression in adipocytes from different depots. Healthy lean controls (BMI = 24.5 ± 0.3 kg/m2, n = 19) and obese subjects (BMI > 35 kg/m2, n = 24) were recruited. All subjects were Swedish Caucasian. Visceral abdominal adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) fragments were homogenized. Genomic DNA and total RNAs were extracted. Four CpG sites in the IGFBP2 gene promoter region were analyzed with bisulfite pyrosequencing. IGFBP2 gene expression at mRNA levels was determined with TaqMan real time RT-PCR. Serum samples were used for measurement of circulating IGFBP-2 and leptin levels. IGFBP2 DNA methylation levels in VAT were increased in obese subjects compared with controls (P < .05). By contrast, IGFBP2 mRNA expression levels in VAT were lower in obesity subjects than in controls (P < .05). In SAT, IGFBP2 DNA methylation and RNA expression levels were lower than in VAT, irrespective of obesity. Obese subjects demonstrated increased serum leptin levels (P < .001) and reduced serum IGFBP-2 levels compared to controls (P < .05). In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that IGFBP2 DNA methylation levels are increased in VAT from obese subjects. This suggests that IGFBP-2 is epigenetically regulated in abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Harvest F Gu
- Center for Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jan Frystyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense DK-5000, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark.
| | - Suad Efendic
- Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden.
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- Rolf Luft Center for Diabetes Research and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd, Stockholm 18288, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 11691, Sweden.
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15
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Elinder LS, Hakimi S, Lager A, Patterson E. Global region of birth is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes in Stockholm, Sweden. Eur J Public Health 2018; 27:447-453. [PMID: 27864357 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Stockholm, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a public health concern and much more prevalent in areas with a high proportion of foreign-born individuals. One in five individuals in Stockholm County are born outside of Sweden, and we therefore investigated if global region of birth was associated with diabetes risk, adjusting for established risk factors. Cross-sectional data from the population-based Stockholm Public Health Survey 2010 ( N = 69 115) was combined with registry-based information on country of birth grouped into eight global geographical regions. Cases of T2D were identified through self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes and age at diagnosis. Region of birth was the independent risk factor and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for the risk factors age, sex, weight status, educational level, multiple dietary factors, tobacco, alcohol and physical activity. T2D prevalence was 5.1% in the sample. Relative to Swedish-born participants, higher odds ratio (OR) were found in those born in Asia [OR 3.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2-4.7], Sub-Saharan Africa (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.1) and North Africa/the Middle East (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.6-2.8), after adjustment for established risk factors. Participants from Eastern Europe and Latin America had an elevated risk but this did not remain after adjustment for other risk factors. Region of birth was found to be an independent risk factor for T2D for participants born in Asia, Africa and the Middle East. This increased risk should be taken into consideration when allocating resources for prevention, detection and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liselotte Schäfer Elinder
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shawn Hakimi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Lager
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Patterson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Multiple genetic variations confer risks for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in arab descendants from UAE. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 42:1345-1353. [PMID: 29717269 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one of the countries most threatened with obesity. Here we investigated associations between hundreds of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the following obesity indicators: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and height. We also investigated the associations between obesity-related genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We tested 87, 58, and 586 SNPs in a previous genome-wide significance level for associations with BMI (n = 880), WC (n = 455), and height (n = 897), respectively. For each trait, we used normally transformed Z scores and tested them with SNPs using linear regression models that incorporated age and gender as covariates. The weighted polygenic risk scores for significant SNPs for each trait were tested with the corresponding Z scores using linear regression models with the same covariates. We further tested 145 obesity loci with T2DM (464 cases, 415 controls) using a logistic regression model including age, gender, and BMI Z scores as covariates. RESULTS The Mean BMI was 29.39 kg/m2, and mean WC was 103.66 cm. Hypertension and dyslipidemia were common obesity comorbidities (>60%). The best associations for BMI was in FTO, LOC284260 and USP37, and for WC in RFX7 and MYEOV. For height, the best association was in NSD1 followed by MFAP2 and seven other loci. The polygenic scores revealed stronger associations for each trait than individual SNPs; although they could only explain <1% of the traits' Z scores variations. For T2DM, the strongest associations were with the TCF7L2 and MC4R loci (P < 0.01, OR ~1.70), with novel associations detected with KCNK3 and RARB. CONCLUSIONS In this first study of Arab descendants, we confirmed several known obesity (FTO, USP37, and RFX7), height (NSD1, MFAP2), and T2DM (TCF7L2, MC4R) associations; and report novel associations, like KCNK3 and RARB for T2DM.
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17
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Sun LL, Zhang SJ, Chen MJ, Elena K, Qiao H. Relationship between Modulator Recognition Factor 2/AT-rich Interaction Domain 5B Gene Variations and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Lipid Metabolism in a Northern Chinese Population. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:1055-1061. [PMID: 28469100 PMCID: PMC5421175 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.204926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the modulator recognition factor 2/AT-rich interaction domain 5B (MRF2/ARID5B) gene located at chromosome 10q21.2 have been shown to be associated with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease in a Japanese cohort. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between these SNPs (rs2893880, rs10740055, rs7087507, rs10761600) and new-onset T2DM and lipid metabolism in a Northern Chinese population. Methods: This was a case-control study. The rs2893880, rs10740055, rs7087507, and rs10761600 genetic variants were genotyped by SNPscan and analyzed in relation to T2DM susceptibility in 2000 individuals (999 with newly diagnosed T2DM and 1001 controls without diabetes mellitus). Associations between the MRF2/ARID5B genetic models and T2DM were determined by multivariate logistic regression. Results: Regarding the rs10740055 SNP, AA was associated with a higher risk of T2DM compared with codominant-type CC (adjusted by sex, age, and body mass index [BMI], P = 0.041, odds ratio [OR] = 1.421, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.014–1.991). Meanwhile, AA individuals were at increased risk of presenting with T2DM compared with individuals with CC or a single C (adjusted by sex, age, and BMI, P = 0.034, OR = 1.366, 95% CI 1.023–1.824). With respect to rs10761600, AT contributed to a higher risk of T2DM compared with AA (adjusted by sex, age, and BMI, P = 0.013, OR = 1.585, 95% CI 1.101–2.282), while TT also increased the risk of presenting with T2DM compared with AA or A (adjusted by sex, age, and BMI, P = 0.004, OR = 1.632, 95% CI 1.166–2.284). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly different among the three genotypes of rs7087507 in the controls (P = 0.048) (GG>GA). Conclusions: The present results identified MRF2/ARID5B as a potential susceptibility gene for new-onset T2DM in a Northern Chinese population, while the rs7087507 SNP was associated with HDL-C levels. Further larger studies are required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, China
| | - Si-Jia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, China
| | - Mei-Jun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, China
| | - Kazakova Elena
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, China
| | - Hong Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, China
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18
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Vandenbeek R, Khan NP, Estall JL. Linking Metabolic Disease With the PGC-1α Gly482Ser Polymorphism. Endocrinology 2018; 159:853-865. [PMID: 29186342 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) is a highly conserved transcriptional coactivator enriched in metabolically active tissues including liver, adipose, pancreas, and muscle. It plays a role in regulating whole body energy metabolism and its deregulation has been implicated in type 2 diabetes (T2D). A single nucleotide variant of the PPARGC1A gene (rs8192678) is associated with T2D susceptibility, relative risk of obesity and insulin resistance, and lower indices of β cell function. This common polymorphism is within a highly conserved region of the bioactive protein and leads to a single amino acid substitution (glycine 482 to serine). Its prevalence and effects on metabolic parameters appear to vary depending on factors including ethnicity and sex, suggesting important interactions between genetics and cultural/environmental factors and associated disease risk. Interestingly, carriers of the serine allele respond better to some T2D interventions, illustrating the importance of understanding functional impacts of genetic variance on PGC-1α when targeting this pathway for personalized medicine. This review summarizes a growing body of literature surrounding possible links between the PGC-1α Gly482Ser single nucleotide polymorphism and diabetes, with focus on key clinical findings, affected metabolic systems, potential molecular mechanisms, and the influence of geographical or ethnic background on associated risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Vandenbeek
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naveen P Khan
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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19
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Cheng Z, Zheng L, Almeida FA. Epigenetic reprogramming in metabolic disorders: nutritional factors and beyond. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 54:1-10. [PMID: 29154162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors (e.g., malnutrition and physical inactivity) contribute largely to metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiometabolic disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. The abnormalities in metabolic activity and pathways have been increasingly associated with altered DNA methylation, histone modification and noncoding RNAs, whereas lifestyle interventions targeting diet and physical activity can reverse the epigenetic and metabolic changes. Here we review recent evidence primarily from human studies that links DNA methylation reprogramming to metabolic derangements or improvements, with a focus on cross-tissue (e.g., the liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, adipose tissue and blood samples) epigenetic markers, mechanistic mediators of the epigenetic reprogramming, and the potential of using epigenetic traits to predict disease risk and intervention response. The challenges in epigenetic studies addressing the mechanisms of metabolic diseases and future directions are also discussed and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Cheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Louise Zheng
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Fabio A Almeida
- Department of Health Promotion, Social & Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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20
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Mazo Lopera MA, Coombes BJ, de Andrade M. An Efficient Test for Gene-Environment Interaction in Generalized Linear Mixed Models with Family Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101134. [PMID: 28953253 PMCID: PMC5664635 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gene-environment (GE) interaction has important implications in the etiology of complex diseases that are caused by a combination of genetic factors and environment variables. Several authors have developed GE analysis in the context of independent subjects or longitudinal data using a gene-set. In this paper, we propose to analyze GE interaction for discrete and continuous phenotypes in family studies by incorporating the relatedness among the relatives for each family into a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) and by using a gene-based variance component test. In addition, we deal with collinearity problems arising from linkage disequilibrium among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by considering their coefficients as random effects under the null model estimation. We show that the best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP) of such random effects in the GLMM is equivalent to the ridge regression estimator. This equivalence provides a simple method to estimate the ridge penalty parameter in comparison to other computationally-demanding estimation approaches based on cross-validation schemes. We evaluated the proposed test using simulation studies and applied it to real data from the Baependi Heart Study consisting of 76 families. Using our approach, we identified an interaction between BMI and the Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG) gene associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio A Mazo Lopera
- School of Statistics, National University of Colombia, Medellín, Antioquia 050022, Colombia.
- Departament of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Brandon J Coombes
- Departament of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Departament of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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21
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Devang N, Satyamoorthy K, Rai PS, Nandini M, Rao S, Phani NM, Adhikari P. Association of HSD11B1 gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in South Indian population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 131:142-148. [PMID: 28750217 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 (11β-HSD1) is an NADP or NADPH-dependent enzyme that generates cortisol from cortisone for a local glucocorticoid action. Functional polymorphisms within 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1 (HSD11B1) gene have shown an association with various factors, including insulin resistance (IR) and hypertension. In our study, we have assessed the association of HSD11B1 (rs12086634 and rs846910) gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (metS). METHODS In the present study, 616 subjects were enrolled. DNA from T2D subjects (n=207), metS subjects (n=101), and their age and sex matched control subjects were analyzed. Genotyping of HSD11B1 rs12086634 and rs846910 single nucleotide polymorphisms was performed using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR). An odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated to determine the association of HSD11B1 gene polymorphisms with T2D and metS. RESULTS The association analysis indicated that HSD11B1 rs12086634 TG contributed to an increased risk of both T2D (OR=1.91; 95% CI-1.33-2.76, P=0.0005) and metS (OR=2.37; 95% CI-1.39-4.05, P=0.0015), but HSD11B1 rs846910 AG contributed to an increased risk of T2D (OR=1.62; 95% CI-1.02-2.57, P=0.03) only. There was a statistically significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the control group with HSD11B1 rs12086634 TG genotype (128.96±13.19mmHg) and the control group with HSD11B1 rs12086634 TT genotype (123.27±10.84mmHg). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study indicated that the HSD11B1 rs12086634 is associated with both T2D and metS, but HSD11B1 rs846910 is associated with only T2D in South Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayana Devang
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore 575001, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - M Nandini
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore 575003, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Rao
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore 575001, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraja M Phani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Prabha Adhikari
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore 575001, Karnataka, India.
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22
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Pappa KI, Gazouli M, Anastasiou E, Loutradis D, Anagnou NP. The Q192R polymorphism of the paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene is associated with susceptibility to gestational diabetes mellitus in the Greek population. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33:617-620. [PMID: 28347194 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1302419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A key factor protecting from oxidative stress in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is paraoxonase-1 (PON1). Inconclusive and limited data exist regarding the effect of a coding polymorphism (Q192R) of the PON1 gene in conferring susceptibility to both states. In the present study, we investigated the association between the PON1 gene and the risk for GDM in the Greek population and assessed for the first time its transcriptional efficiency. We studied 185 women with GDM and 104 non-diabetic controls for the PON1 polymorphism. For PON1 mRNA expression, peripheral leucocytes were harvested from 20 GDM and 20 control women, harboring different genotypes for the polymorphism, using real-time quantitative PCR. The RR genotype and the R allele of the PON1 Q192R polymorphism were significantly associated with an increased risk for GDM (p = 0.012 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Furthermore, there was no statistical correlation between the individual metabolic parameters tested and the three genotypes. Finally, the expression levels of PON1 mRNA in GDM patients did not exhibit any statistical difference compared with normal controls (p = 0.138). These data independently document that the Q192R polymorphism is closely associated with GDM susceptibility, while the PON1 gene expression is not impaired in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi I Pappa
- a First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
- b Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine and Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece , and
| | - Maria Gazouli
- b Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine and Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece , and
| | - Eleni Anastasiou
- c Department of Internal Medicine , First Endocrine Section and Diabetes Centre, Alexandra Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Dimitrios Loutradis
- a First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens School of Medicine , Athens , Greece
| | - Nicholas P Anagnou
- b Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine and Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece , and
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23
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Liška F, Landa V, Zídek V, Mlejnek P, Šilhavý J, Šimáková M, Strnad H, Trnovská J, Škop V, Kazdová L, Starker CG, Voytas DF, Izsvák Z, Mancini M, Šeda O, Křen V, Pravenec M. Downregulation of
Plzf
Gene Ameliorates Metabolic and Cardiac Traits in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat. Hypertension 2017; 69:1084-1091. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), one of the most widely used model of essential hypertension, is predisposed to left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and metabolic disturbances. Recently, quantitative trait loci influencing blood pressure, left ventricular mass, and heart interstitial fibrosis were genetically isolated within a minimal congenic subline that contains only 7 genes, including mutant
Plzf
(promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger) candidate gene. To identify
Plzf
as a quantitative trait gene, we targeted
Plzf
in the SHR using the transcription activator-like effector nuclease technique and obtained SHR line harboring targeted
Plzf
gene with a premature stop codon. Because the
Plzf
targeted allele is semilethal, morphologically normal heterozygous rats were used for metabolic and hemodynamic analyses. SHR-
Plzf
+/−
heterozygotes versus SHR wild-type controls exhibited reduced body weight and relative weight of epididymal fat, lower serum and liver triglycerides and cholesterol, and better glucose tolerance. In addition, SHR-
Plzf
+/−
rats exhibited significantly increased sensitivity of adipose and muscle tissue to insulin action when compared with wild-type controls. Blood pressure was comparable in SHR versus SHR-
Plzf
+/−
; however, there was significant amelioration of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis in SHR-
Plzf
+/−
rats. Gene expression profiles in the liver and expression of selected genes in the heart revealed differentially expressed genes that play a role in metabolic pathways, PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) signaling, and cell cycle regulation. These results provide evidence for an important role of
Plzf
in regulation of metabolic and cardiac traits in the rat and suggest a cross talk between cell cycle regulators, metabolism, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Liška
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Vladimír Landa
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Václav Zídek
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Petr Mlejnek
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Jan Šilhavý
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Miroslava Šimáková
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Hynek Strnad
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Jaroslava Trnovská
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Vojtěch Škop
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Ludmila Kazdová
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Colby G. Starker
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Daniel F. Voytas
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Zsuzsanna Izsvák
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Massimiliano Mancini
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Ondřej Šeda
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Vladimír Křen
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
| | - Michal Pravenec
- From the Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic (F.L., O.Š., V.K., M.P.); Institute of Physiology (V.L., V.Z., P.M., J.Š., M.Š., M.P.) and Institute of Molecular Genetics (H.S.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic (J.T., V.Š., L.K.); Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota,
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Koh IU, Lee HJ, Hwang JY, Choi NH, Lee S. Obesity-related CpG Methylation (cg07814318) of Kruppel-like Factor-13 (KLF13) Gene with Childhood Obesity and its cis-Methylation Quantitative Loci. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45368. [PMID: 28508896 PMCID: PMC5432839 DOI: 10.1038/srep45368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cg07814318 hypermethylation of Kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13) gene has been reported for its relevancy with Body Mass Index (BMI) from European origin. We explored the cg07814318 methylation and its cis-meQTL (cis-methylation quantitative loci) of KLF13 from a childhood obesity cohort. The cg07814318 methylation in blood was significantly associated with obesity and correlated with several obesity-related physical and biochemical traits. We examined the same loci from purified three human cell types (n = 47), i.e., pre-adipocytes, adipocytes and islets. The cg07814318 methylation pattern in pre-adipocytes and islets were significant higher in cells from subjects with a higher BMI compared with control subjects. By exome sequencing of KLF13 gene in blood with the same cohort, we found nine SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) within its gene body, and two SNPs (rs11537749 and rs12595641) were as cis-meQTL of cg07814318. There was the 2.01% methylation change of cg07814318 between homozygous dominant and recessive genotypes, especially, in rs12595641. The sequencing variations within KLF13 genes could drive dynamic modifications of obesity-related CpG methylation. Differential DNA methylation patterns in the KLF13 gene determined from separate blood samples showed that this criterion could be used as a surrogate for representing overall epigenetic changes in cells related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Uk Koh
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ja Lee
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Hwang
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Hyun Choi
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Suman Lee
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-951, Republic of Korea
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk's Role as an Epigenetic Regulator in Health and Disease. Diseases 2017; 5:diseases5010012. [PMID: 28933365 PMCID: PMC5456335 DOI: 10.3390/diseases5010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is the intention of this review to characterize milk's role as an epigenetic regulator in health and disease. Based on translational research, we identify milk as a major epigenetic modulator of gene expression of the milk recipient. Milk is presented as an epigenetic "doping system" of mammalian development. Milk exosome-derived micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) that target DNA methyltransferases are implicated to play the key role in the upregulation of developmental genes such as FTO, INS, and IGF1. In contrast to miRNA-deficient infant formula, breastfeeding via physiological miRNA transfer provides the appropriate signals for adequate epigenetic programming of the newborn infant. Whereas breastfeeding is restricted to the lactation period, continued consumption of cow's milk results in persistent epigenetic upregulation of genes critically involved in the development of diseases of civilization such as diabesity, neurodegeneration, and cancer. We hypothesize that the same miRNAs that epigenetically increase lactation, upregulate gene expression of the milk recipient via milk-derived miRNAs. It is of critical concern that persistent consumption of pasteurized cow's milk contaminates the human food chain with bovine miRNAs, that are identical to their human analogs. Commercial interest to enhance dairy lactation performance may further increase the epigenetic miRNA burden for the milk consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7a, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility in the Greek-Cypriot Population: Replication of Associations with TCF7L2, FTO, HHEX, SLC30A8 and IGF2BP2 Polymorphisms. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8010016. [PMID: 28067832 PMCID: PMC5295011 DOI: 10.3390/genes8010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been the subject of numerous genetic studies in recent years which revealed associations of the disease with a large number of susceptibility loci. We hereby initiate the evaluation of T2D susceptibility loci in the Greek-Cypriot population by performing a replication case-control study. One thousand and eighteen individuals (528 T2D patients, 490 controls) were genotyped at 21 T2D susceptibility loci, using the allelic discrimination method. Statistically significant associations of T2D with five of the tested single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (TCF7L2 rs7901695, FTO rs8050136, HHEX rs5015480, SLC30A8 rs13266634 and IGF2BP2 rs4402960) were observed in this study population. Furthermore, 14 of the tested SNPs had odds ratios (ORs) in the same direction as the previously published studies, suggesting that these variants can potentially be used in the Greek-Cypriot population for predictive testing of T2D. In conclusion, our findings expand the genetic assessment of T2D susceptibility loci and reconfirm five of the worldwide established loci in a distinct, relatively small, newly investigated population.
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Valsamakis G, Konstantakou P, Mastorakos G. New Targets for Drug Treatment of Obesity. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 57:585-605. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010716-104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Valsamakis
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, Aretaieio University Hospital, Athens Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece; , ,
| | - Panagiota Konstantakou
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, Aretaieio University Hospital, Athens Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece; , ,
| | - George Mastorakos
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, Aretaieio University Hospital, Athens Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece; , ,
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28
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Hasan M, Mohieldein AH, Almutairi FR. Comparative study of serum 8-hydroxydeoxy-guanosine levels among healthy offspring of diabetic and non-diabetic parents. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2017; 11:33-37. [PMID: 28936149 PMCID: PMC5604276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parental diabetic status might inherit the likelihood of disease susceptibility. The risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus is increased among individuals with diabetic parents. Moreover, oxidative stress is thought to be a risk factor in the onset and progression of diabetes. 8-hydroxydeoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG) is widely analyzed biomarker to assess the oxidative DNA damage. We aimed to investigate that serum 8-OHdG level among offspring of diabetic and non-diabetic parents. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 84 volunteers participated in the study. Questionnaires were applied to record information including demographics, physical activity, smoking, and family history. Blood samples were collected, and laboratory investigations 8-OHdG levels, lipid, and glucose were analyzed using the standard technique. Finally, 24 samples were considered for further analysis. Student's t-test was applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS Serum 8-OHdG levels were significantly (P < 0.05) high among healthy offspring of diabetic in comparison of healthy offspring of non-diabetic parents. While nonsignificant differences were found in their body mass index, glucose, and lipid level between the groups. CONCLUSION There is possibility of a mild degree of oxidative DNA damage among offspring of diabetic due to family history. Such understanding is essential to avoid other modifiable risk factors related to lifestyle and dietary habit which could possibly control further oxidative stress, to delay the onset of diabetic especially among offspring of diabetic parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marghoob Hasan
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Marghoob Hasan, Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, P.O. 6699, Buraidah 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Phone: +966564836298. E-mail:
| | - Abdelmarouf Hassan Mohieldein
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Rahib Almutairi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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29
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Velázquez-Fernández D, Mercado-Celis G, Flores-Morales J, Clavellina-Gaytán D, Vidrio R, Vidrio E, Mosti M, Sánchez-Aguilar H, Rodriguez D, León P, Herrera MF. Analysis of Gene Candidate SNP and Ancestral Origin Associated to Obesity and Postoperative Weight Loss in a Cohort of Obese Patients Undergoing RYGB. Obes Surg 2016; 27:1481-1492. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Wong ACN, Vanhove AS, Watnick PI. The interplay between intestinal bacteria and host metabolism in health and disease: lessons from Drosophila melanogaster. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:271-81. [PMID: 26935105 PMCID: PMC4833331 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.023408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
All higher organisms negotiate a truce with their commensal microbes and battle pathogenic microbes on a daily basis. Much attention has been given to the role of the innate immune system in controlling intestinal microbes and to the strategies used by intestinal microbes to overcome the host immune response. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the metabolisms of intestinal microbes and their hosts are linked and that this interaction is equally important for host health and well-being. For instance, an individual's array of commensal microbes can influence their predisposition to chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. A better understanding of host-microbe metabolic interactions is important in defining the molecular bases of these disorders and could potentially lead to new therapeutic avenues. Key advances in this area have been made using Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we review studies that have explored the impact of both commensal and pathogenic intestinal microbes on Drosophila carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. These studies have helped to elucidate the metabolites produced by intestinal microbes, the intestinal receptors that sense these metabolites, and the signaling pathways through which these metabolites manipulate host metabolism. Furthermore, they suggest that targeting microbial metabolism could represent an effective therapeutic strategy for human metabolic diseases and intestinal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C N Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Audrey S Vanhove
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paula I Watnick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Keller MP, Paul PK, Rabaglia ME, Stapleton DS, Schueler KL, Broman AT, Ye SI, Leng N, Brandon CJ, Neto EC, Plaisier CL, Simonett SP, Kebede MA, Sheynkman GM, Klein MA, Baliga NS, Smith LM, Broman KW, Yandell BS, Kendziorski C, Attie AD. The Transcription Factor Nfatc2 Regulates β-Cell Proliferation and Genes Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Mouse and Human Islets. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006466. [PMID: 27935966 PMCID: PMC5147809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown that genetic variation at >130 gene loci is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We asked if the expression of the candidate T2D-associated genes within these loci is regulated by a common locus in pancreatic islets. Using an obese F2 mouse intercross segregating for T2D, we show that the expression of ~40% of the T2D-associated genes is linked to a broad region on mouse chromosome (Chr) 2. As all but 9 of these genes are not physically located on Chr 2, linkage to Chr 2 suggests a genomic factor(s) located on Chr 2 regulates their expression in trans. The transcription factor Nfatc2 is physically located on Chr 2 and its expression demonstrates cis linkage; i.e., its expression maps to itself. When conditioned on the expression of Nfatc2, linkage for the T2D-associated genes was greatly diminished, supporting Nfatc2 as a driver of their expression. Plasma insulin also showed linkage to the same broad region on Chr 2. Overexpression of a constitutively active (ca) form of Nfatc2 induced β-cell proliferation in mouse and human islets, and transcriptionally regulated more than half of the T2D-associated genes. Overexpression of either ca-Nfatc2 or ca-Nfatc1 in mouse islets enhanced insulin secretion, whereas only ca-Nfatc2 was able to promote β-cell proliferation, suggesting distinct molecular pathways mediating insulin secretion vs. β-cell proliferation are regulated by NFAT. Our results suggest that many of the T2D-associated genes are downstream transcriptional targets of NFAT, and may act coordinately in a pathway through which NFAT regulates β-cell proliferation in both mouse and human islets. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and linkage studies provide a powerful way to establish a causal connection between a gene locus and a physiological or pathophysiological phenotype. We wondered if candidate genes associated with type 2 diabetes in human populations, in addition to being causal for the disease, could also be intermediate traits in a pathway leading to disease. In addition, we wished to know if there were any regulatory loci that could coordinately drive the expression of these genes in pancreatic islets and thus complete a pathway; i.e. Driver → GWAS candidate expression → type 2 diabetes. Using data from a mouse intercross between a diabetes-susceptible and a diabetes-resistant mouse strain, we found that the expression of ~40% of >130 candidate GWAS genes genetically mapped to a hot spot on mouse chromosome 2. Using a variety of statistical methods, we identified the transcription factor Nfatc2 as the candidate driver. Follow-up experiments showed that overexpression of Nfatc2 does indeed affect the expression of the GWAS genes and regulates β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion. The work shows that in addition to being causal, GWAS candidate genes can be intermediate traits in a pathway leading to disease. Model organisms can be used to explore these novel causal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Pradyut K. Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Rabaglia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Donnie S. Stapleton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kathryn L. Schueler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Aimee Teo Broman
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Shuyun Isabella Ye
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ning Leng
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. Brandon
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | | | - Shane P. Simonett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Melkam A. Kebede
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Gloria M. Sheynkman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Klein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | - Lloyd M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Karl W. Broman
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Brian S. Yandell
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Christina Kendziorski
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alan D. Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Denvir J, Boskovic G, Fan J, Primerano DA, Parkman JK, Kim JH. Whole genome sequence analysis of the TALLYHO/Jng mouse. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:907. [PMID: 27835940 PMCID: PMC5106808 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The TALLYHO/Jng (TH) mouse is a polygenic model for obesity and type 2 diabetes first described in the literature in 2001. The origin of the TH strain is an outbred colony of the Theiler Original strain and mice derived from this source were selectively bred for male hyperglycemia establishing an inbred strain at The Jackson Laboratory. TH mice manifest many of the disease phenotypes observed in human obesity and type 2 diabetes. Results We sequenced the whole genome of TH mice maintained at Marshall University to a depth of approximately 64.8X coverage using data from three next generation sequencing runs. Genome-wide, we found approximately 4.31 million homozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 1.10 million homozygous small insertions and deletions (indels) of which 98,899 SNPs and 163,720 indels were unique to the TH strain compared to 28 previously sequenced inbred mouse strains. In order to identify potentially clinically-relevant genes, we intersected our list of SNP and indel variants with human orthologous genes in which variants were associated in GWAS studies with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, and with genes previously shown to confer a monogenic obesity phenotype in humans, and found several candidate variants that could be functionally tested using TH mice. Further, we filtered our list of variants to those occurring in an obesity quantitative trait locus, tabw2, identified in TH mice and found a missense polymorphism in the Cidec gene and characterized this variant’s effect on protein function. Conclusions We generated a complete catalog of variants in TH mice using the data from whole genome sequencing. Our findings will facilitate the identification of causal variants that underlie metabolic diseases in TH mice and will enable identification of candidate susceptibility genes for complex human obesity and type 2 diabetes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3245-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Denvir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1700 3rd Ave. #435K BBSC, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Goran Boskovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1700 3rd Ave. #435K BBSC, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1700 3rd Ave. #435K BBSC, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Donald A Primerano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1700 3rd Ave. #435K BBSC, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Jacaline K Parkman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1700 3rd Ave. #435K BBSC, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA
| | - Jung Han Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1700 3rd Ave. #435K BBSC, Huntington, WV, 25755, USA.
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Torkamandi S, Bastami M, Ghaedi H, Moghadam F, Mirfakhraie R, Omrani MD. MAP3K1 May be a Promising Susceptibility Gene for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in an Iranian Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2016; 5:134-140. [PMID: 27942499 PMCID: PMC5125365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Considering that MAPK (mitogen- activated protein kinase) signaling pathway has an important role in the progression of inflammatory cytokine secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we have recently investigated the reported genetic polymorphism from genome wide association study in MAP3K1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1) in diabetes as an important member of MAPK signaling. This study aimed to investigate the possible association of rs10461617 at the upstream of MAP3K1 gene in an Iranian case-control study with the risk of T2DM. The study population was comprised of 342 unrelated Iranian individuals including 177 patients with T2DM and 165 unrelated healthy control subjects. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP and confirmed with sequencing. In a logistic regression analysis, the rs10461617A allele was associated with a significantly higher risk of T2DM assuming the log- additive model (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01-2.05, P = 0.039). In conclusion, we provided the first evidence for the association of rs10461617 at the upstream of MAP3K1 with the risk of T2DM in an Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Torkamandi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fateme Moghadam
- Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Polymorphisms in TCF7L2 gene are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese Han population. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30686. [PMID: 27465520 PMCID: PMC4964615 DOI: 10.1038/srep30686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possible association between diabetes susceptibility gene transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a Chinese Han population. A total of 556 GDM patients and 500 Non-GDM were included. Eighteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated. Fifteen tag SNPs were selected from HapMap CHB database with a minor allele frequency of >0.2 and r2 of >0.8. Three additional SNPs were also chosen because these SNPs are associated with type 2 diabetes in East Asians. TCF7L2 rs290487, rs6585194, and rs7094463 polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with GDM. In multivariate analysis, rs290487 genetic variation (OR = 2.686 per each C allele, P = 0.002), pre-BMI > 24 kg/m2 (OR = 1.592, P = 0.018), age > 25 years (OR = 1.780, P = 0.012) and LDL-C > 3.6 mmol/L (OR = 2.034, P = 0.009) were identified as independent risk factors of GDM, rs7094463 genetic variation (OR = 0.429 per each G allele, P = 0.005) was identified as independent protect factor of GDM. This finding suggests that TCF7L2 rs290487, and rs7094463 were a potential clinical value for the prediction of GDM.
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35
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Zhang Z, Li S, Liu L, Wang L, Xiao X, Sun Z, Wang X, Wang C, Wang M, Li L, Xu Q, Gao W, Wang SL. Environmental exposure to BDE47 is associated with increased diabetes prevalence: Evidence from community-based case-control studies and an animal experiment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27854. [PMID: 27291303 PMCID: PMC4904204 DOI: 10.1038/srep27854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants exposure has been associated with increasing trends of diabetes and metabolic disease. Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide evidence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure in relation to diabetes prevalence and to reveal the potential underlying mechanism in epidemiological and animal studies. All the participants received a questionnaire, health examination, and the detection of 7 PBDE congeners in serum in two independent community-based studies from 2011 to 2012 in China. Male rats were exposed to 2,2’4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) for 8 weeks to explore its effects on glucose homeostasis and potential mechanisms using high-throughput genomic analysis. Among the 7 congeners, BDE47 showed significant high detection rate and concentration in cases in Study I and Study II. Every tertile of BDE47 exposure significantly increased the risk of diabetes prevalence in Study I (Ptrend = 0.001) and Study II (Ptrend < 0.001). Additionally, BDE47 treatments induced hyperglycemia in rats. Furthermore, gene microarray analysis showed that diabetes pathway and three gene ontology terms involved in glucose transport were enriched. The results indicated that environmental exposure to BDE47 was associated with increased diabetes prevalence. However, further prospective and mechanistic studies are needed to the causation of diabetes in relation to BDE47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Shushu Li
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Sun
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Xichen Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Qiujin Xu
- Lake Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing Anwai Beiyuan, Beijing 100012, P. R. China
| | - Weimin Gao
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, 1207 Gilbert Drive, Lubbock, TX 79416, U.S.A
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
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Kammel A, Saussenthaler S, Jähnert M, Jonas W, Stirm L, Hoeflich A, Staiger H, Fritsche A, Häring HU, Joost HG, Schürmann A, Schwenk RW. Early hypermethylation of hepatic Igfbp2 results in its reduced expression preceding fatty liver in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:2588-2599. [PMID: 27126637 PMCID: PMC5181631 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and ectopic fat disposition are risk factors for metabolic disease. Recent data indicate that IGFBP2 expression in liver is epigenetically inhibited during hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate if epigenetic de-regulation of hepatic Igfbp2 occurs already early in life and is associated with increased risk for diet-induced obesity (DIO) during adolescence. Male C57BL/6J mice received a high-fat diet. After 3 weeks on this diet (age of 6 weeks), DIO-susceptible (responder, Resp) and DIO-resistant (non-responder, nResp) mice were identified by early weight gain. At the age of 6 weeks, Resp mice exhibited elevated blood glucose (p < 0.05), plasma insulin (p < 0.01), HOMA-IR and leptin/adiponectin ratio, whereas liver triglycerides were identical but significantly increased (p < 0.01) in Resp mice at 20 weeks of age. Igfbp2 expression was reduced in young Resp compared with nResp mice (p < 0.01), an effect that correlated with elevated DNA methylation of intronic CpG2605 (p < 0.01). The epigenetic inhibition of Igfbp2 was stable over time and preceded DIO and hepatosteatosis in adult mice. In vitro studies demonstrated that selective methylation of CpG2605 significantly reduced reporter activity by ∼85%, indicating that Igfbp2 expression is modulated by methylation. In human whole blood cells, methylation of IGFBP2 at the homologous CpG site was increased in obese men with impaired glucose tolerance. In conclusion, our data show that increased methylation of hepatic Igfbp2 during infancy predicts the development of fatty liver later in life and is linked to deterioration of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kammel
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sophie Saussenthaler
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Jähnert
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wenke Jonas
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Laura Stirm
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoeflich
- Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Harald Staiger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Joost
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert W Schwenk
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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37
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Ahmed RH, Huri HZ, Al-Hamodi Z, Salem SD, Al-absi B, Muniandy S. Association of DPP4 Gene Polymorphisms with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Malaysian Subjects. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154369. [PMID: 27111895 PMCID: PMC4844141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms of the Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP4) gene may play a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the possible association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the DPP4 gene in Malaysian subjects with T2DM and evaluated whether they had an effect on the serum levels of soluble dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (sDPP-IV). Method Ten DPP4 SNPs were genotyped by TaqMan genotyping assays in 314 subjects with T2DM and 235 controls. Of these, 71 metabolic syndrome (MetS) subjects were excluded from subsequent analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated using multiple logistic regression for the association between the SNPs of DPP4 and T2DM. In addition, the serum levels of sDPP-IV were investigated to evaluate the association of the SNPs of DPP4 with the sDPP-IV levels. Results Dominant, recessive, and additive genetic models were employed to test the association of DPP4 polymorphisms with T2DM, after adjusting for age, race, gender and BMI. The rs12617656 was associated with T2DM in Malaysian subjects in the recessive genetic model (OR = 1.98, p = 0.006), dominant model (OR = 1.95, p = 0.008), and additive model (OR = 1.63, p = 0.001). This association was more pronounced among Malaysian Indians, recessive (OR = 3.21, p = 0.019), dominant OR = 3.72, p = 0.003) and additive model (OR = 2.29, p = 0.0009). The additive genetic model showed that DPP4 rs4664443 and rs7633162 polymorphisms were associated with T2DM (OR = 1.53, p = 0.039), and (OR = 1.42, p = 0.020), respectively. In addition, the rs4664443 G>A polymorphism was associated with increased sDPP-IV levels (p = 0.042) in T2DM subjects. Conclusions DPP4 polymorphisms were associated with T2DM in Malaysian subjects, and linked to variations in sDPP-IV levels. In addition, these associations were more pronounced among Malaysian Indian subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwan H. Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (RHA); (SM)
| | - Hasniza Zaman Huri
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Clinical Investigation Centre, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zaid Al-Hamodi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Sameer D. Salem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Boshra Al-absi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sekaran Muniandy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (RHA); (SM)
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Kriebel J, Herder C, Rathmann W, Wahl S, Kunze S, Molnos S, Volkova N, Schramm K, Carstensen-Kirberg M, Waldenberger M, Gieger C, Peters A, Illig T, Prokisch H, Roden M, Grallert H. Association between DNA Methylation in Whole Blood and Measures of Glucose Metabolism: KORA F4 Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152314. [PMID: 27019061 PMCID: PMC4809492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation has been postulated to affect glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we performed an epigenome-wide association study for measures of glucose metabolism in whole blood samples of the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg F4 study using the Illumina HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip. We identified a total of 31 CpG sites where methylation level was associated with measures of glucose metabolism after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and estimated white blood cell proportions and correction for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg (B-H) method (four for fasting glucose, seven for fasting insulin, 25 for homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]; B-H-adjusted p-values between 9.2x10(-5) and 0.047). In addition, DNA methylation at cg06500161 (annotated to ABCG1) was associated with all the aforementioned phenotypes and 2-hour glucose (B-H-adjusted p-values between 9.2x10(-5) and 3.0x10(-3)). Methylation status of additional three CpG sites showed an association with fasting insulin only after additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI) (B-H-adjusted p-values = 0.047). Overall, effect strengths were reduced by around 30% after additional adjustment for BMI, suggesting that this variable has an influence on the investigated phenotypes. Furthermore, we found significant associations between methylation status of 21 of the aforementioned CpG sites and 2-hour insulin in a subset of samples with seven significant associations persisting after additional adjustment for BMI. In a subset of 533 participants, methylation of the CpG site cg06500161 (ABCG1) was inversely associated with ABCG1 gene expression (B-H-adjusted p-value = 1.5x10(-9)). Additionally, we observed an enrichment of the top 1,000 CpG sites for diabetes-related canonical pathways using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. In conclusion, our study indicates that DNA methylation and diabetes-related traits are associated and that these associations are partially BMI-dependent. Furthermore, the interaction of ABCG1 with glucose metabolism is modulated by epigenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kriebel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone Wahl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sophie Molnos
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadezda Volkova
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schramm
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Maren Carstensen-Kirberg
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
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Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as abnormal glucose tolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Women with a history of GDM are at long-term risk for developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM), raising the question to what extent GDM and T2DM share a common genetic architecture. Meta-analysis of candidate gene studies and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) have identified a number of genes which are reproducibly associated with GDM, including TCF7L2, GCK, KCNJ11, KCNQ1, CDKAL1, IGF2BP2, MTNR1B, and IRS1. These genes are also associated with T2DM. Candidate gene and GWAS have also identified genes associated with maternal metabolic traits, most of which are also associated with metabolic traits in the general population. Two genes, BACE2 and HKDC1, are uniquely associated with maternal metabolic traits. These studies suggest that there are similarities and differences between the genetic architecture of GDM and T2DM and metabolic quantitative traits in pregnant and non-pregnant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Lowe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Rubloff Building 420 E. Superior St., 12th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Denise M Scholtens
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Suite 1400 680 N Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Victoria Sandler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Rubloff Building 420 E. Superior St., 12th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Suite 530, 645 N Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Rubloff Building 420 E. Superior St., 12th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Tarry Building, Room 15-759, 300 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Kretowski A, Ruperez FJ, Ciborowski M. Genomics and Metabolomics in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:9415645. [PMID: 27314051 PMCID: PMC4897675 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9415645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kretowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- *Adam Kretowski:
| | - Francisco J. Ruperez
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, University San Pablo-CEU, Montepríncipe Campus, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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Binh TQ, Thu NTT, Phuong PT, Nhung BT, Nhung TTH. CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and dyslipidemia are the independent risk factors for prediabetes in a Vietnamese population. BMC Genet 2015; 16:107. [PMID: 26334876 PMCID: PMC4559161 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with prediabetes are at greater risk for heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, nerve damage and high blood pressure, compared to those without the disease. Prediabetes is a complex disorder involving both genetic and environmental factors in its pathogenesis. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the independent risk factors for prediabetes, considering the contribution of genetic factors (TCF7L2-rs7903146, IRS1-rs1801278, INSR-rs3745551, CDKN2A-rs10811661, and FTO-rs9939609), socio-economic status, and lifestyle factors. RESULTS Among the candidate genes studied, the CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism was found to be the most significant factor associated with prediabetes in the model unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, obesity-related traits, systolic blood pressure, dyslipidemia, socio-economic status, and lifestyle factors. In the final model, the CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism (OR per T allele = 1.22, 95 % CI = 1.04-1.44, P = 0.017), systolic blood pressure (OR per 10 mmHg = 1.14, 95 % CI = 1.08-1.20, P < 0.0001), waist-hip ratio (OR = 1.25, 95 % CI = 1.10-1.42, P < 0.0001), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.57, 95 % CI = 1.15-2.14, P = 0.004), and residence (OR = 1.93, 95 % CI = 2.82-4.14, P < 0.0001) were the most significant independent predictors of prediabetes, in which the power of the adjusted prediction model was 0.646. CONCLUSIONS The study suggested that the CDKN2A-rs10811661 polymorphism, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with the increased risk of prediabetes in a Vietnamese population. The studied genetic variant had a small effect on prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Quang Binh
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin, Hanoi, 112800, Vietnam.
| | | | - Pham Tran Phuong
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin, Hanoi, 112800, Vietnam.
| | - Bui Thi Nhung
- National Institute of Nutrition, 48B Tang Bat Ho Street, Hanoi, 112807, Vietnam.
| | - Trinh Thi Hong Nhung
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin, Hanoi, 112800, Vietnam.
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Dajani R, Li J, Wei Z, Glessner JT, Chang X, Cardinale CJ, Pellegrino R, Wang T, Hakooz N, Khader Y, Sheshani A, Zandaki D, Hakonarson H. CNV Analysis Associates AKNAD1 with Type-2 Diabetes in Jordan Subpopulations. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13391. [PMID: 26292654 PMCID: PMC4543987 DOI: 10.1038/srep13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have identified a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with type-2 diabetes (T2D), but copy number variation (CNV) association has rarely been addressed, especially in populations from Jordan. To investigate CNV associations for T2D in populations in Jordan, we conducted a CNV analysis based on intensity data from genome-wide SNP array, including 34 T2D cases and 110 healthy controls of Chechen ethnicity, as well as 34 T2D cases and 106 healthy controls of Circassian ethnicity. We found a CNV region in protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D (PTPRD) with significant association with T2D. PTPRD has been reported to be associated with T2D in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We additionally identified 16 CNV regions associated with T2D which overlapped with gene exons. Of particular interest, a CNV region in the gene AKNA Domain Containing 1 (AKNAD1) surpassed the experiment-wide significance threshold. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related pathways were significantly enriched among genes which are predicted to be functionally associated with human or mouse homologues of AKNAD1. This is the first CNV analysis of a complex disease in populations of Jordan. We identified and experimentally validated a significant CNVR in gene AKNAD1 associated with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Dajani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Cell Therapy Center, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jin Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Joseph T Glessner
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiao Chang
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher J Cardinale
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Renata Pellegrino
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nancy Hakooz
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy-University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,Faculty of pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University for Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Amina Sheshani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Duaa Zandaki
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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43
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Witzel II, Jelinek HF, Khalaf K, Lee S, Khandoker AH, Alsafar H. Identifying Common Genetic Risk Factors of Diabetic Neuropathies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:88. [PMID: 26074879 PMCID: PMC4447004 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health problem of epidemic proportions, with 60-70% of affected individuals suffering from associated neurovascular complications that act on multiple organ systems. The most common and clinically significant neuropathies of T2DM include uremic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. These conditions seriously impact an individual's quality of life and significantly increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Although advances in gene sequencing technologies have identified several genetic variants that may regulate the development and progression of T2DM, little is known about whether or not the variants are involved in disease progression and how these genetic variants are associated with diabetic neuropathy specifically. Significant missing heritability data and complex disease etiologies remain to be explained. This article is the first to provide a review of the genetic risk variants implicated in the diabetic neuropathies and to highlight potential commonalities. We thereby aim to contribute to the creation of a genetic-metabolic model that will help to elucidate the cause of diabetic neuropathies, evaluate a patient's risk profile, and ultimately facilitate preventative and targeted treatment for the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ini-Isabée Witzel
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F. Jelinek
- Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Research in Complex Systems, School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Kinda Khalaf
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sungmun Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahsan H. Khandoker
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Prattichizzo F, Giuliani A, Ceka A, Rippo MR, Bonfigli AR, Testa R, Procopio AD, Olivieri F. Epigenetic mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:56. [PMID: 26015812 PMCID: PMC4443613 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications is largely due to the complex interaction between genetic factors and environmental influences, mainly dietary habits and lifestyle, which can either accelerate or slow down disease progression. Recent findings suggest the potential involvement of epigenetic mechanisms as a crucial interface between the effects of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The common denominator of environmental factors promoting T2DM development and progression is that they trigger an inflammatory response, promoting inflammation-mediated insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Proinflammatory stimuli, including hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and other inflammatory mediators, can affect epigenetic mechanisms, altering the expression of specific genes in target cells without changes in underlying DNA sequences. DNA methylation and post-translational histone modifications (PTHMs) are the most extensively investigated epigenetic mechanisms. Over the past few years, non-coding RNA, including microRNAs (miRNAs), have also emerged as key players in gene expression modulation. MiRNAs can be actively released or shed by cells in the bloodstream and taken up in active form by receiving cells, acting as efficient systemic communication tools. The miRNAs involved in modulation of inflammatory pathways (inflammamiRs), such as miR-146a, and those highly expressed in endothelial lineages and hematopoietic progenitor cells (angiomiRs), such as miR-126, are the most extensively studied circulating miRNAs in T2DM. However, data on circulating miRNA signatures associated with specific diabetic complications are still lacking. Since immune cells and endothelial cells are primarily involved in the vascular complications of T2DM, their relative contribution to circulating miRNA signatures needs to be elucidated. An integrated approach encompassing different epigenetic mechanisms would have the potential to provide new mechanistic insights into the genesis of diabetes and its severe vascular complications and identify a panel of epigenetic markers with diagnostic/prognostic and therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Prattichizzo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Artan Ceka
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Rippo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Testa
- Experimental Models in Clinical Pathology, National Institute INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy ; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, National Institute INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60020 Ancona, Italy ; Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, National Institute INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
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Goni L, Cuervo M, Milagro FI, Martínez JA. Future Perspectives of Personalized Weight Loss Interventions Based on Nutrigenetic, Epigenetic, and Metagenomic Data. J Nutr 2015; 146:905S-912S. [PMID: 26962191 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.218354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As obesity has become a major global public health challenge, a large number of studies have analyzed different strategies aimed at inducing a negative energy balance and, consequently, body weight loss. However, most existing weight loss programs are generally unsuccessful, so several interventions have been carried out to identify physiologic and behavioral factors concerning this variability in order to implement more personalized treatment. Nowadays, an individualized approach is being proposed through so-called personalized nutrition, whereby not only the phenotype but also the genotype is used for customized nutrition treatment. Regarding body weight regulation, ∼70 polymorphisms have been identified in or near genes related to energy expenditure, appetite, adipogenesis, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism. Although personalized nutrition refers mainly to genetic makeup, recent advances in the investigation of the epigenome and the microbiome open the door to implement more personalized recommendations for body weight management. In this context, recent studies have demonstrated the existence of several epigenetic markers that may modify gene expression and could be involved in the outcome of weight loss interventions. Moreover, different studies have shown that dietary interventions could affect the composition of gut microbiota and have an impact on body weight. The integration of nutrigenetic, epigenetic, and metagenomic data may lead to the design of more personalized dietary treatments to prevent chronic diseases and to optimize the individual's response to dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Goni
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Cuervo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermín I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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46
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Ametov AS, Kamynina LL, Akhmedova ZG. Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Clinical aspects of genetics, nutrigenetics, and pharmacogenetics. TERAPEVT ARKH 2015. [DOI: 10.17116/terarkh2015878124-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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47
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased susceptibility to fractures. Evidence from genetic studies indicates that BMD, a complex quantitative trait with a normal distribution, is genetically controlled. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as well as studies using candidate gene approaches have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with BMD, osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. These SNPs have been mapped close to or within genes including those encoding WNT/β-catenin signaling proteins. Understanding the genetics of osteoporosis will help to identify novel candidates for diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Genetic factors are also important for the development of sarcopenia, which is characterized by a loss of lean body mass, and obesity, which is characterized by high fat mass. Hence, in this review, we discuss the genetic factors, identified by genetic studies, which regulate the body components related to osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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48
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Bailey KA, Savic D, Zielinski M, Park SY, Wang LJ, Witkowski P, Brady M, Hara M, Bell GI, Nobrega MA. Evidence of non-pancreatic beta cell-dependent roles of Tcf7l2 in the regulation of glucose metabolism in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:1646-54. [PMID: 25398947 PMCID: PMC4381752 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding variation within TCF7L2 remains the strongest genetic determinant of type 2 diabetes risk in humans. A considerable effort has been placed in understanding the functional roles of TCF7L2 in pancreatic beta cells, despite evidence of TCF7L2 expression in various peripheral tissues important in glucose homeostasis. Here, we use a humanized mouse model overexpressing Tcf7l2, resulting in glucose intolerance, to infer the contribution of Tcf7l2 overexpression in beta cells and in other tissues to the metabolic phenotypes displayed by these mice. Restoring Tcf7l2 expression specifically in beta cells to endogenous levels, in face of its overexpression elsewhere, results in impaired insulin secretion, reduced beta cell number and islet area, corroborating data obtained in humans showing similar phenotypes as a result of manipulations leading to Tcf7l2 loss of function. Interestingly, the persistent overexpression of Tcf7l2 in non-pancreatic tissues results in a significant worsening in glucose tolerance in vivo, indicating that Tcf7l2 overexpression in beta cells does not account for the glucose intolerance in the Tcf7l2 overexpression mouse model. Collectively, these data posit that Tcf7l2 plays key roles in glucose metabolism through actions beyond pancreatic beta cells, and further points to functionally opposing cell-type specific effects for Tcf7l2 on the maintenance of balanced glucose metabolism, thereby urging a careful examination of its role in non-pancreatic tissues as well as its composite metabolic effects across distinct tissues. Uncovering these roles may lead to new therapeutic targets for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew Brady
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Graeme I Bell
- Department of Human Genetics, Department of Medicine
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Abu Seman N, He B, Ojala JRM, Wan Mohamud WN, Östenson CG, Brismar K, Gu HF. Genetic and biological effects of sodium-chloride cotransporter (SLC12A3) in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Nephrol 2014; 40:408-16. [PMID: 25401745 DOI: 10.1159/000368916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Solute carrier family 12 member 3 (SLC12A3) encodes a sodium/chloride transporter in kidneys. Previous reports suggest that Arg913Gln polymorphism in this gene is associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the data appear to be inconsistent. Up to now, there is no biological evidence concerning the effects of SLC12A3 in DN. In this study, we aim to evaluate the genetic effects of the SLC12A3 gene and its Arg913Gln polymorphism with genetic and functional analyses. METHODS We genotyped SLC12A3 genetic polymorphisms including Arg913Gln in 784 non-diabetes controls and 633 type 2 diabetes (T2D) subjects with or without DN in a Malaysian population and performed a meta-analysis of the present and previous studies. We further analyzed the role of slc12a3 in kidney development and progress of DN in zebrafish and db/db mice. RESULTS We found that SLC12A3 Arg913Gln polymorphism was associated with T2D (p = 0.028, OR = 0.772, 95% CI = 0.612-0.973) and DN (p = 0.038, OR = 0.547, 95% CI = 0.308-0.973) in the Malaysian cohort. The meta-analysis confirmed the protective effects of SLC12A3 913Gln allele in DN (Z-value = -1.992, p = 0.046, OR = 0.792). Furthermore, with knockdown of zebrafish ortholog, slc12a3 led to structural abnormality of kidney pronephric distal duct at 1-cell stage. Slc12a3 mRNA and protein expression levels were upregulated in kidneys of db/db mice from 6, 12, and 26 weeks at the age. CONCLUSION The present study provided the first biological and further genetic evidence that SLC12A3 has genetic susceptibility in the development of DN, while the minor 913Gln allele in this gene confers a protective effect in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhashimah Abu Seman
- Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gopalakrishnan K, Kumarasamy S, Mell B, Joe B. Genome-wide identification of long noncoding RNAs in rat models of cardiovascular and renal disease. Hypertension 2014; 65:200-10. [PMID: 25385761 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.04498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging class of genomic regulatory molecules reported in various species. In the rat, which is one of the major mammalian model organisms, discovery of lncRNAs on a genome-wide scale is lagging. Renal lncRNA sequencing and lncRNA transcriptome analysis were conducted in 3 rat strains that are widely used in cardiovascular and renal research: the Dahl salt-sensitive rat, the spontaneously hypertensive rat, and the Dahl salt-resistant rat. Through the RNA sequencing approach, 3273 transcripts were identified as rat lncRNAs. A majority of lncRNAs were without predicted target genes. Differential expression of 273 and 749 lncRNAs was detected between Dahl salt-sensitive versus Dahl salt-resistant and Dahl salt-sensitive versus spontaneously hypertensive rat comparisons, respectively. To couple the observed differential expression of lncRNAs with the status of mRNAs, an mRNA transcriptome analysis was conducted. Several cis mRNA genes were coregulated with lncRNAs. Of these, the protein expression status of 4 target genes, Asb3, Chac2, Pex11b, and Sp5, were differentially expressed between the relevant strain comparisons, thereby suggesting that the differentially expressed lncRNAs associated with these genes are candidate genetic determinants of blood pressure. This study serves as a first-generation catalog of rat lncRNAs and illustrates the prioritization of lncRNAs as candidates for complex polygenic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathirvel Gopalakrishnan
- From the Program in Physiological Genomics, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, OH
| | - Sivarajan Kumarasamy
- From the Program in Physiological Genomics, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, OH
| | - Blair Mell
- From the Program in Physiological Genomics, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, OH
| | - Bina Joe
- From the Program in Physiological Genomics, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, OH.
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