1
|
Ashour A, Amen Y, Allam AE, Mwakalukwa R, Niwa Y, Shimizu K. The peels of sacred Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) rhizomes suppress allergic reactions by inhibiting the A23187-induced degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL2H3) cells. Fitoterapia 2024; 178:106153. [PMID: 39089597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
We isolated ten compounds from methanolic extract of the peels of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) rhizomes which were identified as β-sitosterol linoleate 1, β-sitosterol 2, lupeol 3, stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside 4, oleanolic acid 5, betulinic acid 6, pinoresinol 7, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 8, catechin 9 and gallocatechin 10. All of the isolated compounds from the peels of sacred lotus rhizomes are reported for the first time, and were investigated for their anti-allergic activity. We found that three of them, stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucoside 4, oleanolic acid 5 and pinoresinol 7, were capable of inhibiting A23187-induced degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells with IC50 values 0.18 ± 0.01 mM, 0.28 ± 0.06 mM, and 0.27 ± 0.01 mM, respectively. With an exception to 4, compounds 5 and 7 achieved the anti-allergic effect without affecting the cells viability even at higher concentrations with their selectivity indices (SI) being >5. By reducing A23187-induced degranulation, it is suggestive of a mechanism attenuation of Ca2+ elevation. Our findings suggest that, the peels of sacred lotus rhizomes would be beneficial for providing an inexpensive source for the production of bioactive compounds with anti-allergic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Yhiya Amen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Ahmed E Allam
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rogers Mwakalukwa
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania
| | - Yasuharu Niwa
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8581, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pozzo LD, Xu Z, Lin S, Wang J, Wang Y, Enechojo OS, Abankwah JK, Peng Y, Chu X, Zhou H, Bian Y. Role of epigenetics in the regulation of skin aging and geroprotective intervention: A new sight. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116592. [PMID: 38615608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple epigenetic factors play a regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of cutaneous components and are implicated in the aging process of the skin. They have been associated with the activation of the senescence program, which is the primary contributor to age-related decline in the skin. Senescent species drive a series of interconnected processes that impact the immediate surroundings, leading to structural changes, diminished functionality, and heightened vulnerability to infections. Geroprotective medicines that may restore the epigenetic balance represent valid therapeutic alliances against skin aging. Most of them are well-known Western medications such as metformin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), rapamycin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, while others belong to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remedies for which the scientific literature provides limited information. With the help of the Geroprotectors.org database and a comprehensive analysis of the referenced literature, we have compiled data on compounds and formulae that have shown potential in preventing skin aging and have been identified as epigenetic modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dal Pozzo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shan Lin
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jida Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ogbe Susan Enechojo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Joseph Kofi Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanfei Peng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoqian Chu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sahu B, Sahu M, Sahu M, Yadav M, Sahu R, Sahu C. An Updated Review on Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn: Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value and Pharmacological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301493. [PMID: 38327030 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn is a recognised herbal plant in ancient medical sciences. Each portion of the plant leaf, flower, seed and rhizome is utilised for nutritional and medicinal purposes. The chemical compositions like phenol, alkaloids, glycoside, terpenoids and steroids have been isolated. The plant contains various nutritional values like lipids, proteins, amino acids, minerals, carbohydrates, and fatty acids. Traditional medicine confirms that the phytochemicals of plants give significant benefits to the treatment of various diseases such as leukoderma, smallpox, dysentery, haematemesis, coughing, haemorrhage, metrorrhagia, haematuria, fever, hyperlipidaemia, cholera, hepatopathy and hyperdipsia. To verify the traditional claims, researchers have conducted scientific biological in vivo and in vitro screenings, which have exhibited that the plant keeps various notable pharmacological activities such as anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antiviral, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, antipyretic, hypoglycaemic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. This review, summaries the nutritional composition, chemical constituents and biological activities substantiated by the researchers done in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Sahu
- Columbia College of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492001, India
| | - Mahendra Sahu
- Columbia College of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492001, India
| | - Mukesh Sahu
- Columbia College of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492001, India
| | - Megha Yadav
- Columbia College of Pharmacy, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492001, India
| | - Rakesh Sahu
- Sanjivani Institute of Pharmacy, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, 497101, India
| | - Chandana Sahu
- Columbia College of Nursing, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492001, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Li J, Cao C, Liu Z, Chen Q, Gu Z, Wang W, Fang D, Ge Q, Ding L, Pang C, Wang X. Nrf2 activation by neferine mitigates microglial neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage through inhibiting TAK1-NF-κB signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111693. [PMID: 38428144 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are two major causes leading to early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical transcription factor that contributes to antioxidant responses. Additionally, Nrf2 could inhibit transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which plays a vital role in microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation. Neferine (NE) exhibits considerable protective effects in diverse disease models. However, the detailed effect and mechanism of NE on SAH remain unknown. Our data showed that NE treatment significantly reduced behavior and cognitive impairment, and brain edema in the early period after SAH. In addition, NE mitigated SAH-induced oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and neural death. Moreover, NE inhibited M1 microglial polarization and enhanced M2 phenotype microglia both in vivo and in vitro. Further investigations revealed that NE enhanced the Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway and suppressed TAK1-NF-κB signaling. In contrast, depletion of Nrf2 by ML385 suppressed Nrf2-ARE signaling, induced TAK1-NF-κB activation, and further promoted M1 microglial polarization. Additionally, ML385 abated the neuroprotective effects of NE against SAH. Notably, LPS also aggravated TAK1-NF-κB activation and reversed the beneficial effects of NE after SAH. In summary, NE provides protection after SAH by inhibiting oxidative stress and modulating microglial polarization through Nrf2 activation and TAK1-NF-κB suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Changchun Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Qiushi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Zhijiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Dazhao Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - QianQian Ge
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Lianshu Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China.
| | - Cong Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Road West, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhattacharya D, Bharati MR, Sakhare K, Khandelia P, Banerjee R, Narayan KP. Steroid hormone receptor based gene delivery systems as potential oral cancer therapeutics. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025036. [PMID: 38290150 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid receptors are principally ligand-dependent intracellular transcription factors that are known to influence the development and growth of many human cancers. Our study investigates the potential of these receptors to act as a target for oral cancer treatment since findings in this regard are sparse till date. Leveraging the aberrant behavior of steroid hormone receptors (SHRs) in cancer, we have targeted oral cancer cells in 2D-culture using liposomes containing both synthetic as well as crude, natural SHR ligands isolated from an aqueous Indian medicinal plant. Lipoplexes thus formulated demonstrated targeted transfectability as indicated by expression of green fluorescent protein. Transfection of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells with exogenous, anticancer gene p53 lipoplexed with crude saponin-based liposome induced apoptosis of cancer cells via regulation of BAX and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (BCL2) protein levels at levels comparable with pre-established delivery systems based on synthetic SHR ligands. Our findings strongly indicate a possibility of developing plant saponin-based inexpensive delivery systems which would target cancer cells selectively with reduced risks of off target delivery and its side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwaipayan Bhattacharya
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Madhu Rani Bharati
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Kalyani Sakhare
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Piyush Khandelia
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Division of Oils, Lipid Science & Technology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana 500076, India
| | - Kumar Pranav Narayan
- Department of Biological Science, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shah M, Yamin R, Ahmad I, Wu G, Jahangir Z, Shamim A, Nawaz H, Nishan U, Ullah R, Ali EA, Sheheryar, Chen K. In-silico evaluation of natural alkaloids against the main protease and spike glycoprotein as potential therapeutic agents for SARS-CoV-2. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294769. [PMID: 38175855 PMCID: PMC10766191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of COVID-19 pandemic, which has resulted in global fatalities since late December 2019. Alkaloids play a significant role in drug design for various antiviral diseases, which makes them viable candidates for treating COVID-19. To identify potential antiviral agents, 102 known alkaloids were subjected to docking studies against the two key targets of SARS-CoV-2, namely the spike glycoprotein and main protease. The spike glycoprotein is vital for mediating viral entry into host cells, and main protease plays a crucial role in viral replication; therefore, they serve as compelling targets for therapeutic intervention in combating the disease. From the selection of alkaloids, the top 6 dual inhibitory compounds, namely liensinine, neferine, isoliensinine, fangchinoline, emetine, and acrimarine F, emerged as lead compounds with favorable docked scores. Interestingly, most of them shared the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid framework and belong to Nelumbo nucifera, commonly known as the lotus plant. Docking analysis was conducted by considering the key active site residues of the selected proteins. The stability of the top three ligands with the receptor proteins was further validated through dynamic simulation analysis. The leads underwent ADMET profiling, bioactivity score analysis, and evaluation of drug-likeness and physicochemical properties. Neferine demonstrated a particularly strong affinity for binding, with a docking score of -7.5025 kcal/mol for main protease and -10.0245 kcal/mol for spike glycoprotein, and therefore a strong interaction with both target proteins. Of the lead alkaloids, emetine and fangchinoline demonstrated the lowest toxicity and high LD50 values. These top alkaloids, may support the body's defense and reduce the symptoms by their numerous biological potentials, even though some properties naturally point to their direct antiviral nature. These findings demonstrate the promising anti-COVID-19 properties of the six selected alkaloids, making them potential candidates for drug design. This study will be beneficial in effective drug discovery and design against COVID-19 with negligible side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohibullah Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ramsha Yamin
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zainab Jahangir
- Department of Computer Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Amen Shamim
- Department of Computer Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Umar Nishan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheheryar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chatterjee D, Singh B, Paira K, Das S. The Apoptotic Property of Nymphaea Caerulea Flower Extract on Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Cell Line, THP-1. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:123-137. [PMID: 38285776 PMCID: PMC10911745 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.1.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) is considered to be an extremely heterogeneous malignancy of bone marrow and blood. The first line of therapy for AML is prolonged chemotherapy. Due to the presence of molecular heterogeneity in AML as confirmed by next-generation sequencing, researchers are planning to develop newer strategies of therapy. OBJECTIVE In the present study we have explored the anti-cancer potentiality of the hydro-ethanolic extract (50% and 70%) of the whole flower of Nymphaea caerulea against the Acute Myeloid Leukaemia cell line, THP-1 with control of normal human kidney epithelial cell line (HEK 293). The present study is a novel contribution to the existing scientific knowledge as at present no study as an anti-leukaemic agent is available on N. caerulea (blue lotus) extract and exploring its action mechanism on in-vitro cell line model. METHODS Some targeted cytokine and apoptotic genes genes to deduce the anti-cancer mechanism of action of the crude extract (hydro-ethanolic extract (50% and 70%) of the whole flower) were selected as Interferon (IFN) γ, Interleukins - IL-6, IL-8, IL- 10, IL-1β, Transforming Growth Factor (TGF β1), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF α), Caspase 3(CAS 3), Caspase 9 (CAS 9), CD95 (Fas), Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFRSF1A) to observe relative fold changes of the expression using Real-Time PCR with housekeeping gene β-actin. Cellular cytopathic effect (CPE), cell viability assay by methylene blue assay, and cell cytotoxicity of the crude extract against the THP-1 cell line were also studied along with it's bio-active compositional analysis of the extract was explored using ultra-performance liquid chromatography followed by mass spectra. RESULTS The N. caerulea flower extract is capable of inducing apoptosis in AML and it can balance cytokine alterations in such diseases. CONCLUSIONS Nymphaea caerulea flower extract appears to be a good anti-leukemia agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Satadal Das
- Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Panklai T, Suphrom N, Temkitthawon P, Totoson P, Chootip K, Yang XL, Ge HM, Yao ZJ, Chaichamnong N, Ingkaninan K, Girard C. Phosphodiesterase 5 and Arginase Inhibitory Activities of the Extracts from Some Members of Nelumbonaceae and Nymphaeaceae Families. Molecules 2023; 28:5821. [PMID: 37570790 PMCID: PMC10420992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of extracts from some plants in the families Nelumbonaceae and Nymphaeaceae on phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and arginase, which have been used in erectile dysfunction treatment, and (2) to isolate and identify the compounds responsible for such activities. The characterization and quantitative analysis of flavonoid constituents in the active extracts were performed by HPLC. Thirty-seven ethanolic extracts from different parts of plants in the genus Nymphaea and Victoria of Nymphaeaceae and genus Nelumbo of Nelumbonaceae were screened for PDE5 and arginase inhibitory activities. The ethanolic extracts of the receptacles and pollens of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., petals of Nymphaea cyanea Roxb. ex G.Don, Nymphaea stellata Willd., and Victoria amazonica (Poepp.) Sowerby and the petals and receptacles of Nymphaea pubescens Willd. showed IC50 values on PDE5 of less than 25 μg/mL while none of the extracts showed effects on arginase. The most active extract, N. pubescens petal extract, was fractionated to isolate and identify the PDE5 inhibitors. The results showed that six flavonoid constituents including quercetin 3'-O-β-xylopyranoside (1), quercetin 3-methyl ether 3'-O-β-xylopyranoside (2), quercetin (3), 3-O-methylquercetin (4), kaempferol (5) and 3-O-methylkaempferol (6) inhibited PDE5 with IC50 values at the micromolar level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teerapap Panklai
- Center of Excellence in Cannabis Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.P.); (P.T.)
- Université de Franche-Comté, PEPITE, 25000 Besançon, France; (P.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Nungruthai Suphrom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Prapapan Temkitthawon
- Center of Excellence in Cannabis Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.P.); (P.T.)
| | - Perle Totoson
- Université de Franche-Comté, PEPITE, 25000 Besançon, France; (P.T.); (C.G.)
| | - Krongkarn Chootip
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Xiao-Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advance Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (X.-L.Y.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Hui-Ming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Zhu-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advance Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (X.-L.Y.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Nattiya Chaichamnong
- Division of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Kornkanok Ingkaninan
- Center of Excellence in Cannabis Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.P.); (P.T.)
| | - Corine Girard
- Université de Franche-Comté, PEPITE, 25000 Besançon, France; (P.T.); (C.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim D, Yun J, Roh E, Shin HS, Kim JE. Higenamine Reduces Fine-Dust-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 in Human Keratinocytes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2479. [PMID: 37447040 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants such as fine dust are increasingly linked to premature skin aging. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of higenamine, a natural plant alkaloid, against fine-dust-induced skin aging in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). We found that higenamine significantly attenuated fine-dust-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), a key enzyme involved in collagen degradation. Furthermore, higenamine was found to modulate fine-dust-induced AP-1 and NF-κB transactivation, which are crucial factors for MMP-1 transcription. Higenamine also impeded fine-dust-induced phosphorylation in specific pathways related to AP-1 and NF-κB activation, and effectively alleviated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, a key factor in oxidative stress caused by fine dust exposure. These results suggest that higenamine exerts protective effects against fine-dust-induced skin aging, primarily through its MMP-1 inhibitory properties and ability to mitigate ROS-induced oxidative damage. Our data highlight the potential of higenamine as an effective ingredient in skincare products designed to combat environmental skin damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DongHyeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Republic of Korea
| | - JeaHyeok Yun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmiri Roh
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Kwangju Women's University, Gwangju 62396, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Comparative Analysis of Traditional Oriental Herbal Fruits as Potential Sources of Polyphenols and Minerals for Nutritional Supplements. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062682. [PMID: 36985653 PMCID: PMC10058731 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There are a plethora of plant species in India, which have been widely used in vegetable dishes, soups, desserts and herbal medicine. In addition to these traditional uses, today there is the extra possibility of also being able to use these plants in the nutritional supplements industry due to their favorable antioxidant and mineral composition. In this sense, thirteen vegetable species—Chanania lanzan, Ziziphus mauritiana, Nilumbo nucifera, Terminalia catappa, Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula, Lagenaria siceraria, Luffa aegyptiaca, Praecitrullus fistulosus, Benincasa hispida, Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus and Cucurbita maxima—have been analyzed. In this paper we discuss the distribution of polyphenols and minerals (Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al, P, S, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, As and Pb) in different seed parts (the rhizome, pericarp, carpel, seed coat and kernel) of the above species and their possible use in the nutritional supplements industry. The concentrations of total polyphenols, flavonoids and minerals ranged from 407 to 3144 mg rutin hydrate/100 g, 24 to 3070 mg quercetin/100 g and 1433 to 7928 mg/100 g, respectively. K, Ca, P and S were abundant in these herbal fruits. In two species of herbal fruits, Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia chebula, only part of the seed structure was suitable for use in nutritional supplements.
Collapse
|
11
|
Anti-inflammatory alkaloids from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) leaves. Eur Food Res Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
|
12
|
Chemoprevention of lotus leaf ethanolic extract through epigenetic activation of the NRF2-mediated pathway in murine skin JB6 P+ cell neoplastic transformation. J Tradit Complement Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
|
13
|
Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Fermentation on Metabolites in Lotus Leaf Based on Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The lotus leaf is a raw material commonly used in slimming herbal products, but the deep processing technology is insufficient. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation is an effective method to improve the efficacy of plant materials. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HR-MS) was used to explore the differential metabolites of a lotus leaf aqueous extract before and after fermentation. Information about the metabolites in the water extract of lotus leaves before and after fermentation was collected in positive- and negative-ion modes, and the metabolites identified before and after fermentation were screened by multivariate statistical analysis. A total of 91 different metabolites were obtained. They included flavonoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids and derivatives, terpenoids, fatty acids and fatty acyls, phenols, amino acid derivatives and others. Compared with the metabolites’ levels before fermentation, the relative contents of 68 metabolites were upregulated after fermentation, and the relative contents of 23 metabolites were downregulated. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis identified 25 metabolic pathways, of which flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, citrate cycle and flavonoid biosynthesis were the main metabolic pathways. The results of this study can provide a basis for further research and the development of products containing lotus leaves fermented by LAB.
Collapse
|
14
|
Pathaw N, Devi KS, Sapam R, Sanasam J, Monteshori S, Phurailatpam S, Devi HC, Chanu WT, Wangkhem B, Mangang NL. A comparative review on the anti-nutritional factors of herbal tea concoctions and their reduction strategies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:988964. [PMID: 36276812 PMCID: PMC9581206 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea is an important beverage consumed worldwide. Of the different types of tea available, herbal tea is an important beverage consumed owing to its popularity as a drink and stress relieving factors, several different herbal concoctions made from seeds, leaves, or roots are currently consumed and sold as herbal teas. The herbal teas are not the usual tea but "tisanes." They are caffeine free and popular for their medicinal property or immune boosters. Herbal tea formulations are popularly sold and consumed by millions owing to their health benefits as they are rich in antioxidants and minerals. However, plants are also known to contain toxic and anti-nutritional factors. Anti-nutritional factors are known to interfere with the metabolic process and hamper the absorption of important nutrients in the body. These anti-nutritional factors include saponins, tannins, alkaloids, oxalates, lectins, goitrogens, cyanogens, and lethogens. These chemicals are known to have deleterious effects on human health. Therefore, it is important to understand and assess the merits and demerits before consumption. Also, several techniques are currently used to process and reduce the anti-nutrients in foods. This review is focused on comparing the contents of various anti-nutritional factors in some underutilized plants of North-East India used as herbal tea along with processing methods that can be used to reduce the level of these anti-nutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Pathaw
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Konjengbam Sarda Devi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Redina Sapam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Jyotsana Sanasam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Sapam Monteshori
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Sumitra Phurailatpam
- Multi Technology Testing Centre and Vocational Training Centre, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | | | | | - Baby Wangkhem
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Naorem Loya Mangang
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Arya AK, Durgapal M, Bachheti A, Deepti, Joshi KK, Gonfa YH, Bachheti RK, Husen A. Ethnomedicinal Use, Phytochemistry, and Other Potential Application of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:4931556. [PMID: 35990854 PMCID: PMC9385301 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4931556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been treating various ailments and diseases since ancient times. Aquatic and semiaquatic medicinal plants play an essential role in human welfare to fulfill their daily needs. They have shown biological, pharmacological, nutraceutical, and commercial applications. This review aims to collect and update all recent information on ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and nanoparticle synthesis and their uses in aquatic and semiaquatic medicinal plants. Original research papers, review papers, short communications, and book chapters on aquatic and semiaquatic plants have been retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Keywords, ethnomedicinal studies, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and nanoparticle synthesis from aquatic and semiaquatic medicinal plants are used for the search. Different aquatic and semiaquatic medicinal plants belonging to the families Acanthaceae, Alismataceae, Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Araceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Cyperaceae, Fabaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Lythraceae, Marsileaceae, Menyanthaceae, Nelumbonaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Onagraceae, Plantaginaceae, Poaceae, Polygonaceae, Pontederiaceae, Primulaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Zingiberaceae have been studied. They are rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, dietary fiber, glycosidic derivatives, carbohydrates, and proteins. These phytochemicals have been used for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, sedative, anticonvulsant, cytotoxic, antiparasitic, and antidiabetic activities. Besides this, various parts of the plants are used as dietary supplements and green nanoparticle synthesis. These plants are also known for their commercial value and are used as an ingredient in some pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Arya
- Department of Environment Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Medha Durgapal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, India
| | - Arachna Bachheti
- Department of Environment Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepti
- Department of Environment Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kamal Kant Joshi
- Department of Environmental Science Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Yilma H. Gonfa
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box-16417, Ethiopia
- Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box-16417, Ethiopia
| | - Rakesh Kumar Bachheti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box-16417, Ethiopia
- Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box-16417, Ethiopia
| | - Azamal Husen
- Wolaita Sodo University, P.O. Box-138, Wolaita, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu H, Gao H, Liu F, Gong L. Red-Skin Extracts of Lotus Seeds Alleviate High-Fat-Diet Induced Obesity via Regulating Lipoprotein Lipase Activity. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142085. [PMID: 35885328 PMCID: PMC9319479 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, obesity has become an epidemic and an important public health concern. This study was designed to explore the anti-obesity effects of red-skin extracts (RSE) from lotus seeds on high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice. In this study, a total of 55 phenolic compounds from the RSE were tentatively characterized using a UPLC-Q/TOF-MS system, including 9 phenolic acids and derivatives, 40 flavonoids, 2 proanthocyanidin, and 4 coumarins and derivatives. Our data demonstrated that RSE could significantly ameliorate obesity characteristics of HFD-fed mice by regulating tissue specific lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities. In detailed, the activity and expression of LPL in adipose tissue was inhibited, and the activity and expression of LPL in skeletal muscle tissue was enhanced. Overall, these findings suggested that RSE from the red skin of lotus seeds could serve as a great candidate for a value-added, functional ingredient due to its anti-obesity effects via the regulation of LPL activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (H.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Hang Gao
- Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing 100068, China;
| | - Feiyue Liu
- China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (H.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Lingxiao Gong
- China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (H.X.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence: author:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nahar N, Hazra S, Raychaudhuri U, Adhikari S. Effect of different drying methods on drying kinetics, modelling, energy‐economic, texture profile, color, and antioxidant of lotus rhizomes (
Nelumbo nucifera). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Najmun Nahar
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India
| | - Seyashree Hazra
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India
| | - Utpal Raychaudhuri
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India
| | - Sunita Adhikari
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lin HH, Hsu JY, Tseng CY, Huang XY, Tseng HC, Chen JH. Hepatoprotective Activity of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Seedpod Extract Attenuated Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134030. [PMID: 35807275 PMCID: PMC9268144 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim is to investigate the effect of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seedpod extract (LSE) on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. LSE is rich in polyphenols and has potent antioxidant capacity. APAP is a commonly used analgesic, while APAP overdose is the main reason for drug toxicity in the liver. Until now, there has been no in vitro test of LSE in drug-induced hepatotoxicity responses. LSEs were used to evaluate the effect on APAP-induced cytotoxicity, ROS level, apoptotic rate, and molecule mechanisms. The co-treatment of APAP and LSEs elevated the survival rate and decreased intracellular ROS levels on HepG2 cells. LSEs treatment could significantly reduce APAP-induced HepG2 apoptosis assessed by DAPI and Annexin V/PI. The further molecule mechanisms indicated that LSEs decreased Fas/FasL binding and reduced Bax and tBid to restore mitochondrial structure and subsequently suppress downstream apoptosis cascade activation. These declines in COX-2, NF-κB, and iNOS levels were observed in co-treatment APAP and LSEs, which indicated that LSEs could ameliorate APAP-induced inflammation. LSE protected APAP-induced apoptosis by preventing extrinsic, intrinsic, and JNK-mediated pathways. In addition, the restoration of mitochondria and inflammatory suppression in LSEs treatments indicated that LSEs could decrease oxidative stress induced by toxic APAP. Therefore, LSE could be a novel therapeutic option for an antidote against overdose of APAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Ying Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.H.); (C.-Y.T.); (X.-Y.H.)
| | - Chiao-Yun Tseng
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.H.); (C.-Y.T.); (X.-Y.H.)
| | - Xiao-Yin Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.H.); (C.-Y.T.); (X.-Y.H.)
| | - Hsien-Chun Tseng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-C.T.); (J.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12195) (J.-H.C.); Fax: +886-4-23248175 (J.-H.C.)
| | - Jing-Hsien Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.H.); (C.-Y.T.); (X.-Y.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-C.T.); (J.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12195) (J.-H.C.); Fax: +886-4-23248175 (J.-H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shin J, Lee J, Choi J, Ahn BT, Jang SC, You SW, Koh DY, Maeng S, Cha SY. Rapid-Onset Antidepressant-Like Effect of Nelumbinis semen in Social Hierarchy Stress Model of Depression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:6897359. [PMID: 35677378 PMCID: PMC9168086 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6897359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a disease with increasing prevalence worldwide, and it is necessary to develop a therapeutic agent with better efficacy than existing antidepressant drugs. Antidepressants that act on the glutamatergic nervous system, such as ketamine, have a rapid-onset antidepressant effect and are effective against treatment-resistant depression. However, because of the addictive potential of ketamine, alternative substances without psychological side effects are recommended. In particular, many natural compounds have been tested for their antidepressant effects. The antidepressant effects of Nelumbinis semen (NS) have been tested in many studies, along with the various actions of NS on the glutamatergic system. Thus, it was expected that NS might have a rapid-onset antidepressant effect. To test the antidepressant potential, despair and anhedonic behaviors were measured after administering NS to mice exposed to social hierarchy stress (SHS), and biochemical changes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were analyzed. NS reduced despair-like responses in the forced swim test and tail suspension test. Mice exposed to SHS showed depression-like responses such as increased despair, reduced hedonia, and an anxiety-like response in the novelty suppressed feeding test. NS, but not fluoxetine, improved those depression-like behaviors after acute treatment, and NBQX, an AMPA receptor blocker, inhibited the antidepressant-like effects of NS. The antidepressant-like effect of NS was related to enhanced phosphorylation of mTOR in the prefrontal cortex and dephosphorylation of GluR1 S845 in the hippocampus. Since NS has shown antidepressant-like potential in a preclinical model, it may be considered as a candidate for the development of antidepressants in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihwan Shin
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Lee
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuk Choi
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Taek Ahn
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Jang
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won You
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Koh
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Maeng
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
- AgeTech-Service Convergence Major, Graduated School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Young-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yun Cha
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in 17104, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Park YM, Lee HY, Shin DY, Kim DS, Yoo JJ, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Bae JS. Immune-Enhancing Effects of Co-treatment With Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner Leaf Extract in a Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rat Model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:898417. [PMID: 35662944 PMCID: PMC9161550 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.898417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Immune system disorders can result in various pathological conditions, such as infections and cancer. Identifying therapies that enhance the immune response might be crucial for immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, we assessed the immune-enhancing effect of co-treatment with Kalopanax pictus Nakai Bark and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner leaf extract (KPNN) in a cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced immunosuppressed rat model. Materials and Methods For in vitro studies, macrophages and splenocytes were treated with various KPNN doses in the presence or absence of Cy. Macrophage viability, nitric oxide production, splenocyte viability, cytokine production and natural killer (NK) cell activity were analyzed. For in vivo studies, analysis of weekly body weight, dietary intake, tissue weight, immune-related blood cell count, cytokine levels, and spleen biopsy was performed in a Cy-induced immunocompromised animal model. Results KPNN significantly increased phospho-NF-κB and phospho-ERK protein levels and cell viability in macrophages. KPNN significantly increased the NK cell activity in splenocytes compared to that in the control. Cy treatment decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and interferon-γ production. In the Cy-induced immunosuppression rat model, KPNN-treated rats had significantly higher body weights and tissue weights than the Cy-treated rats. Additionally, KPNN treatment restored the immune-related factors, such as total leukocyte, lymphocyte, and intermediate cell contents, to their normal levels in the blood. The blood cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were increased, and spleen tissue damage was significantly alleviated. Conclusions Collectively, KPNN exerts an immune-enhancing effect suggesting their potential as an immunostimulatory agent or functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dae Sung Kim
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jin Joo Yoo
- Central Research and Development, Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | | | - Min Jung Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jun Sang Bae,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhu Z, Zhong B, Yang Z, Zhao W, Shi L, Aziz A, Rauf A, Aljohani AS, Alhumaydhi FA, Suleria HAR. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Characterization and Estimation of the Antioxidant Potential of Phenolic Compounds from Different Parts of the Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera) Seed and Rhizome. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:14630-14642. [PMID: 35557671 PMCID: PMC9088796 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Edible lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) is widely consumed in Asian countries and treated as a functional food and traditional medicinal herb due to its abundant bioactive compounds. Lotus rhizome peels, rhizome knots, and seed embryos are important byproducts and processing waste of edible lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) with commercial significance. Nevertheless, the comprehensive phenolic profiling of different parts of lotus is still scarce. Thus, this study aimed to review the phenolic contents and antioxidant potential in lotus seeds (embryo and cotyledon) and rhizomes (peel, knot, and pulp) grown in Australia. In the phenolic content and antioxidant potential estimation assays by comparing to the corresponding reference standards, the lotus seed embryo exhibited the highest total phenolic content (10.77 ± 0.66 mg GAE/gf.w.), total flavonoid content (1.61 ± 0.03 mg QE/gf.w.), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (9.66 ± 0.10 mg AAE/gf.w.), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging activity (14.35 ± 0.20 mg AAE/gf.w.), and total antioxidant capacity (6.46 ± 0.30 mg AAE/g), while the highest value of ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity and total tannin content was present in the lotus rhizome knot (2.30 ± 0.13 mg AAE/gf.w.). A total of 86 phenolic compounds were identified in five parts of lotus by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS), including phenolic acids (20), flavonoids (51), lignans (3), stilbenes (2), and other polyphenols (10). The most phenolic compounds, reaching up to 68%, were present in the lotus seed embryo (59). Furthermore, the lotus rhizome peel and lotus seed embryo exhibit significantly higher contents of selected polyphenols than other lotus parts according to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification analysis. The results highlighted that byproducts and processing waste of edible lotus are rich sources of phenolic compounds, which may be good candidates for further exploitation and utilization in food, animal feeding, and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhu
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Biming Zhong
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Synthetic Biochemistry
Center, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic
Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zihong Yang
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Wanrong Zhao
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Linghong Shi
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ahsan Aziz
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar-23561 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah S.M. Aljohani
- Department
of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department
of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Attenuation of Cigarette-Smoke-Induced Oxidative Stress, Senescence, and Inflammation by Berberine-Loaded Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles: In Vitro Study in 16HBE and RAW264.7 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050873. [PMID: 35624737 PMCID: PMC9137697 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is considered a primary risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Numerous toxicants present in cigarette smoke are known to induce oxidative stress and airway inflammation that further exacerbate disease progression. Generally, the broncho-epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages exposed to cigarette smoke release massive amounts of oxidative stress and inflammation mediators. Chronic exposure of cigarette smoke leads to premature senescence of airway epithelial cells. This impairs cellular function and ultimately leads to the progression of chronic lung diseases. Therefore, an ideal therapeutic candidate should prevent disease progression by controlling oxidative stress, inflammation, and senescence during the initial stage of damage. In our study, we explored if berberine (an alkaloid)-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (berberine-LCNs)-based treatment to human broncho-epithelial cells and macrophage inhibits oxidative stress, inflammation, and senescence induced by cigarette-smoke extract. The developed berberine-LCNs were found to have favourable physiochemical parameters, such as high entrapment efficiency and sustained in vitro release. The cellular-assay observations revealed that berberine-LCNs showed potent antioxidant activity by suppressing the generation of reactive oxygen species in both broncho-epithelial cells (16HBE) and macrophages (RAW264.7), and modulating the genes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Similarly, in 16HBE cells, berberine-LCNs inhibited the cigarette smoke-induced senescence as revealed by X-gal staining, gene expression of CDKN1A (p21), and immunofluorescent staining of p21. Further in-depth mechanistic investigations into antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antisenescence research will diversify the current findings of berberine as a promising therapeutic approach for inflammatory lung diseases caused by cigarette smoking.
Collapse
|
23
|
Ha T, Kim MS, Kang B, Kim K, Hong SS, Kang T, Woo J, Han K, Oh U, Choi CW, Hong GS. Lotus Seed Green Embryo Extract and a Purified Glycosyloxyflavone Constituent, Narcissoside, Activate TRPV1 Channels in Dorsal Root Ganglion Sensory Neurons. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3969-3978. [PMID: 35343690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have documented the broad-spectrum bioactivities of a lotus seed (Plumula nelumbinis [PN]) green embryo extract. However, the specific bioactive components and associated molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to identify the ion channel-activating mechanisms of PN extracts. Using fluorometric imaging and patch-clamp recordings, PN extracts were screened for calcium channel activation in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The TRPV1 channels in DRG neurons were strongly activated by the PN extract (mean amplitude of 131 ± 45 pA at 200 μg/mL) and its purified glycosyloxyflavone narcissoside (401 ± 271 pA at 100 μM). Serial treatment with a 200 μg/mL PN extract in TRPV1-overexpressing HEK293T cells induced robust desensitization to 10 ± 10% of the initial current amplitude. Thus, we propose that the PN extract and narcissoside function as TRPV1 agonists. This new finding may advance our knowledge regarding the traditional and scientific functions of PN in human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taewoong Ha
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokeum Kang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Su Hong
- Natural Product Research Team, Gyeonggi Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Gyeonggi-Do 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Kang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuk Woo
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungreem Han
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Uhtaek Oh
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Whan Choi
- Natural Product Research Team, Gyeonggi Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Gyeonggi-Do 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Sang Hong
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Boonjing S, Pongrakhananon V, Sittiwong W, Arunrungvichian K, Maniratanachote R, Chetprayoon P. A tiered approach for evaluation of anti-melanogenic activity of trans-N-coumaroyltyramine derivatives. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1177-1187. [PMID: 35325487 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Skin hyperpigmentation is commonly treated by topical drug application. Several naturally occurring compounds exhibit attractive biological effects including anti-melanogenic activity. Chemically modified derivatives of those compounds are expected to be more efficient. However, efficacy and safety testing processes are of significant consideration to identify the most effective compound among them. Herein, we demonstrated a tiered approach to investigate the antipigmentation activity of 17 trans-N-coumaroyltyramine derivatives. First, we evaluated the in chemico antityrosinase activity, then the cytotoxicity of the most potent derivatives using a mitochondrial activity-based assay, followed with the in vitro anti-melanogenic activity in two dimensional (2D) monolayer human melanocytes. The selected derivatives were topically applied on a three dimensional (3D) pigmented-reconstructed human epidermis (pRhE) containing melanocytes and keratinocytes to evaluate their depigmenting activity. Two of the 17 derivatives displayed a significant reduction in pigmentation in the 3D pRhE, comparable to kojic acid, a known tyrosinase inhibitor. In addition, a molecular docking experiment indicated an interaction of the three derivatives and tyrosinase, suggesting that these derivatives have potent anti-melanogenic activity through tyrosinase inhibition. Our findings provide an alternative approach for investigating skin-whitening agents, thereby facilitating the research and development of skin-whitening products that need not be tested on animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirima Boonjing
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Varisa Pongrakhananon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Preclinical Toxicity and Efficacy Assessment of Medicines and Chemicals Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wantanee Sittiwong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Phatum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kuntarat Arunrungvichian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Rawiwan Maniratanachote
- Toxicology and Bio Evaluation Service Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Paninee Chetprayoon
- Toxicology and Bio Evaluation Service Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Deng X, Yang D, Sun H, Liu J, Song H, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Ma J, Zhang M, Li J, Liu Y, Yang M. Time-course analysis and transcriptomic identification of key response strategies to complete submergence in Nelumbo nucifera. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac001. [PMID: 35147174 PMCID: PMC8973275 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Water submergence is an environmental stress with detrimental effects on plant growth and survival. As a wetland plant species, lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is widely cultivated in flood-prone lowlands throughout Asian countries, but little is known about its endurance and acclimation mechanisms to complete submergence. Here, we combined a time-course submergence experiment and an RNA-sequencing transcriptome analysis on two lotus varieties of "Qiuxing" and "China Antique". Both varieties showed a low submergence tolerance, with a median lethal time of around 10 days. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified a number of key genes putatively involved in lotus submergence responses. Lotus plants under complete submergence developed thinned leaves and elongated petioles containing high density of aerenchyma. All four lotus submergence responsive ERF-VII genes and gene sets corresponding to the low oxygen "escape" strategy (LOES) were elevated. In addition, a number of lotus innate immunity genes were rapidly induced by submergence, likely to confer resistance to possible pathogen infections. Our data also reveals the likely involvement of jasmonic acid in modulating lotus submergence responses, but to a lesser extent than the gaseous ethylene hormone. These results suggest that lotus plants primarily take the LOES strategy in coping with submergence-induced complex stresses, and will be valuable for people understanding the molecular basis underlying the plant submergence acclimations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianbao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Heyun Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaqian Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunmeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Minghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rangelov Kozhuharov V, Ivanov K, Ivanova S. Higenamine in Plants as a Source of Unintentional Doping. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:354. [PMID: 35161335 PMCID: PMC8838985 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higenamine is a β2 agonist of plant origin. The compound has been included in WADA's prohibited list since 2017. Higenamine may be detected in different plants and many food supplements of natural origin. METHODS Our literature search was conducted through PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science studies investigating the presence of higenamine in plants that are used in traditional folk medicine or included in food supplements. Our study aimed to assess the risk of adverse analytical findings caused by higenamine-containing plants. RESULTS Based on our literature search, Nelumbo nucifera, Tinospora crispa, Nandina domestica, Gnetum parvifolium, Asarum siebodii,Asarum heterotropoides, Aconitum carmichaelii, and Aristolochia brasiliensis are higenamine-containing plants. Based on data from Eastern folk medicine, these plants can provide numerous health benefits. Professional athletes likely ingest these plants without knowing that they contain higenamine; these herbs are used in treatments for different conditions and various foods/food supplements in addition to folk medicine. CONCLUSION Athletes and their teams must be aware of the issues associated with the use of plant-based products. They should avoid consuming higenamine-containing plants during and outside of competition periods.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bishayee A, Patel PA, Sharma P, Thoutireddy S, Das N. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) and Its Bioactive Phytocopounds: A Tribute to Cancer Prevention and Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030529. [PMID: 35158798 PMCID: PMC8833568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The plant Nelumbo nucifera (Gaertn.), commonly known as lotus, sacred lotus, Indian lotus, water lily, or Chinese water lily, is an aquatic perennial crop belonging to the family of Nelumbonaceae. N. nucifera has traditionally been used as an herbal medicine and functional food in many parts of Asia. It has been found that different parts of this plant consist of various bioactive phytocompounds. Within the past few decades, N. nucifera and its phytochemicals have been subjected to intense cancer research. In this review, we critically evaluate the potential of N. nucifera phytoconstituents in cancer prevention and therapy with related mechanisms of action. Abstract Cancer is one of the major leading causes of death worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests a strong relationship between specific dietary habits and cancer development. In recent years, a food-based approach for cancer prevention and intervention has been gaining tremendous attention. Among diverse dietary and medicinal plants, lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., family Nymphaeaceae), also known as Indian lotus, sacred lotus or Chinese water lily, has the ability to effectively combat this disease. Various parts of N. nucifera have been utilized as a vegetable as well as an herbal medicine for more than 2000 years in the Asian continent. The rhizome and seeds of N. nucifera represent the main edible parts. Different parts of N. nucifera have been traditionally used to manage different disorders, such as fever, inflammation, insomnia, nervous disorders, epilepsy, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. It is believed that numerous bioactive components, including alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, steroids, and glycosides, are responsible for its various biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and hypoglycemic activities. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive review with an exclusive focus on the anticancer attributes of diverse phytochemicals from different parts of N. nucifera. In this review, we have analyzed the effects of N. nucifera extracts, fractions and pure compounds on various organ-specific cancer cells and tumor models to understand the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential and underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of this interesting medicinal and dietary plant. In addition, the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and possible toxicity of N. nucifera-derived phytochemicals, as well as current limitations, challenges and future research directions, are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Palak A. Patel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Priya Sharma
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Shivani Thoutireddy
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (P.A.P.); (P.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia 799155, Tripura, India;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sun R, Xiao R, Lv P, Guo F, Gong Y, Yan M. Pink Lotus Essential Oil and Alleviates on Free Fatty Acid Induced Steatosis in HepG2 Cells via PI3K/Akt and NF-κB Pathways. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:95-104. [PMID: 35013040 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pink lotus essential oil (PLEO) is the volatile components extracted from lotus flowers and there are few relevant research. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of PLEO on NAFLD in vitro model and its possible mechanism. The ingredients of PLEO were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS) and its lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective activities were investigated. HepG2 cells were treated with free fatty acid (FFA) to establish a cell model of NAFLD. Cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by Enzyme-Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Oil red O staining was performed to observe the lipid accumulation in the HepG2 cells. Lipid metabolism enzymes including fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACC), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), insulin signaling pathways including phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B Akt, inflammatory signaling pathways such as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), were determined by Western blotting. There were 46 components determined in PLEO with many terpenoids compounds. PLEO decreased TC and TG contents in the FFA-treated HepG2 cells. Furthermore, PLEO inhibited TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β excretion, decreased NF-κB, FAS, ACC and SCD-1 while increased phosphorylation of NF-κB, PI3K, Akt, and CPT-1 expression. It is the first time to reveal that PLEO alleviates FFA-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells by regulating lipid metabolism, inhibiting inflammatory response, and improving insulin sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runzhou Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Ruixin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Pengfei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University
| | - Yanling Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Allam VSRR, Paudel KR, Gupta G, Singh SK, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Gupta S, Chaitanya MVNL, Jha NK, Gupta PK, Patel VK, Liu G, Kamal MA, Hansbro PM, Oliver BGG, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Nutraceuticals and mitochondrial oxidative stress: bridging the gap in the management of bronchial asthma. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62733-62754. [PMID: 35796922 PMCID: PMC9477936 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21454-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily characterized by inflammation and reversible bronchoconstriction. It is currently one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Oxidative stress further complicates the pathology of the disease. The current treatment strategies for asthma mainly involve the use of anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators. However, long-term usage of such medications is associated with severe adverse effects and complications. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop newer, novel, and safe treatment modalities for the management of asthma. This has therefore prompted further investigations and detailed research to identify and develop novel therapeutic interventions from potent untapped resources. This review focuses on the significance of oxidative stressors that are primarily derived from both mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial sources in initiating the clinical features of asthma. The review also discusses the biological scavenging system of the body and factors that may lead to its malfunction which could result in altered states. Furthermore, the review provides a detailed insight into the therapeutic role of nutraceuticals as an effective strategy to attenuate the deleterious effects of oxidative stress and may be used in the mitigation of the cardinal features of bronchial asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box: 123 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box: 123 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, Australia
| | - Vyoma K Patel
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box: 123 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alam S, Sarker MMR, Sultana TN, Chowdhury MNR, Rashid MA, Chaity NI, Zhao C, Xiao J, Hafez EE, Khan SA, Mohamed IN. Antidiabetic Phytochemicals From Medicinal Plants: Prospective Candidates for New Drug Discovery and Development. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:800714. [PMID: 35282429 PMCID: PMC8907382 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.800714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a chronic physiological dysfunction affecting people of different age groups and severely impairs the harmony of peoples' normal life worldwide. Despite the availability of insulin preparations and several synthetic oral antidiabetic drugs, there is a crucial need for the discovery and development of novel antidiabetic drugs because of the development of resistance and side effects of those drugs in long-term use. On the contrary, plants or herbal sources are getting popular day by day to the scientists, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies all over the world to search for potential bioactive compound(s) for the discovery and development of targeted novel antidiabetic drugs that may control diabetes with the least unwanted effects of conventional antidiabetic drugs. In this review, we have presented the prospective candidates comprised of either isolated phytochemical(s) and/or extract(s) containing bioactive phytoconstituents which have been reported in several in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies possessing noteworthy antidiabetic potential. The mode of actions, attributed to antidiabetic activities of the reported phytochemicals and/or plant extracts have also been described to focus on the prospective phytochemicals and phytosources for further studies in the discovery and development of novel antidiabetic therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safaet Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Division, Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker, ; ; orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-0608; Isa Naina Mohamed, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-2423
| | | | | | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Elsayed E. Hafez
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, ALCRI (Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shah Alam Khan
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science & Technology, Muscat, Oman
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine Faculty, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker, ; ; orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-0608; Isa Naina Mohamed, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-2423
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Uddin MM, Zakeel MCM, Zavahir JS, Marikar FMMT, Jahan I. Heavy Metal Accumulation in Rice and Aquatic Plants Used as Human Food: A General Review. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9120360. [PMID: 34941794 PMCID: PMC8706345 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9120360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are contaminated with heavy metals by natural and anthropogenic sources. Whilst some heavy metals are necessary for plants as micronutrients, others can be toxic to plants and humans even in trace concentrations. Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) cause significant damage to aquatic ecosystems and can invariably affect human health. Rice, a staple diet of many nations, and other aquatic plants used as vegetables in many countries, can bioaccumulate heavy metals when they grow in contaminated aquatic environments. These metals can enter the human body through food chains, and the presence of heavy metals in food can lead to numerous human health consequences. Heavy metals in aquatic plants can affect plant physicochemical functions, growth, and crop yield. Various mitigation strategies are being continuously explored to avoid heavy metals entering aquatic ecosystems. Understanding the levels of heavy metals in rice and aquatic plants grown for food in contaminated aquatic environments is important. Further, it is imperative to adopt sustainable management approaches and mitigation mechanisms. Although narrowly focused reviews exist, this article provides novel information for improving our understanding about heavy metal accumulation in rice and aquatic plants, addressing the gaps in literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Main Uddin
- Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh;
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mohamed Cassim Mohamed Zakeel
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Puliyankulama, Anuradhapura 50000, Sri Lanka
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, Dutton Park, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Junaida Shezmin Zavahir
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Faiz M. M. T. Marikar
- Staff Development Centre, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Ratmalana 10390, Sri Lanka;
| | - Israt Jahan
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bangladesh University of Professionals, Mirpur, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang Z, Li Y, Ma D, Zeng M, Wang Z, Qin F, Chen J, Christian M, He Z. Alkaloids from lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera): recent advances in biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, bioactivity, safety, and industrial applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-34. [PMID: 34845950 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2009436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Different parts of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) including the seeds, rhizomes, leaves, and flowers, are used for medicinal purposes with health promoting and illness preventing benefits. The presence of active chemicals such as alkaloids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and terpenoids (particularly alkaloids) may account for this plant's pharmacological effects. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview and summarize up-to-date research on the biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, and bioactivity of lotus alkaloids as well as their safety. Moreover, the potential uses of lotus alkaloids in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors are explored. Current evidence shows that alkaloids, mainly consisting of aporphines, 1-benzylisoquinolines, and bisbenzylisoquinolines, are present in different parts of lotus. The bioavailability of these alkaloids is relatively low in vivo but can be enhanced by technological modification using nanoliposomes, liposomes, microcapsules, and emulsions. Available data highlights their therapeutic and preventive effects on obesity, diabetes, neurodegeneration, cancer, cardiovascular disease, etc. Additionally, industrial applications of lotus alkaloids include their use as food, medical, and cosmetic ingredients in tea, other beverages, and healthcare products; as lipid-lowering, anticancer, and antipsychotic drugs; and in facial masks, toothpastes, and shower gels. However, their clinical efficacy and safety remains unclear; hence, larger and longer human trials are needed to achieve their safe and effective use with minimal side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mark Christian
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bharathi Priya L, Huang CY, Hu RM, Balasubramanian B, Baskaran R. An updated review on pharmacological properties of neferine-A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from Nelumbo nucifera. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13986. [PMID: 34779018 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals have recently received a lot of recognition for their pharmacological activities such as anticancer, chemopreventive, and cardioprotective properties. In traditional Indian and Chinese medicine, parts of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) such as lotus seeds, fruits, stamens, and leaves are used for treating various diseases. Neferine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, a major component from the seed embryos of N. nucifera. Neferine is effective in the treatment of high fevers and hyposomnia, as well as arrhythmia, platelet aggregation, occlusion, and obesity. Neferine has been found to have a variety of therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-hypertensive, anti-arrhythmic, anti-platelet, anti-thrombotic, anti-amnesic, and negative inotropic. Neferine also exhibited anti-anxiety effects, anti-cancerous, and chemosensitize to other anticancer drugs like doxorubicin, cisplatin, and taxol. Induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest are the key pathways that underlying the anticancer activity of neferine. Therefore, the present review summarizes the neferine biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, and its effects in myocardium, cancer, chemosensitizing to cancer drug, central nervous system, diabetes, inflammation, and kidney diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Natural phytochemical is gaining medicinal importance for a variety of diseases like including cancer, neurodegenerative disorder, diabetes, and inflammation. Alkaloids and flavonoids, which are abundantly present in Nelumbo nucifera have many therapeutic applications. Neferine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from N. nucifera has many pharmacological properties. This present review was an attempt to compile an updated pharmacological action of neferine in different disease models in vitro and in vivo, as well as to summarize all the collective evidence on the therapeutic potential of neferine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.,Centre of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rouh-Mei Hu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gautam G, Parveen B, Umar Khan M, Sharma I, Kumar Sharma A, Parveen R, Ahmad S. A systematic review on nephron protective AYUSH drugs as constituents of NEERI-KFT (A traditional Indian polyherbal formulation) for the management of chronic kidney disease. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6441-6453. [PMID: 34764761 PMCID: PMC8568826 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major health problem characterized by kidney dysfunction with progressive segmental glomerulosclerosis to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Due to lack of scientific data and comprehensive reports, the current systematic review provides an inclusive understanding and prospective associated with phytopharmacology of NEERI-KFT in CKD. The data was collected from more than five databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, Springer, ACS publication etc using keywords like CKD/Kidney disease, epidemiology/prevalence, modern therapies for CKD management, NEERI-KFT and its role in kidney disease. The study was performed based on scientific reports screened by experts according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pre-clinical and clinical findings suggested that NEERI-KFT has promising effects as nephroprotective and considered safe and well effective in primary care of kidney against disease. Phytopharmacological evaluation of NEERI-KFT suggest that it exhibit substantial potential against oxidative and inflammatory stress induced apoptosis by exerting antioxidants, nephroprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Hence, it can be enlighten that NEERI-KFT have potential herbs which exerts significant antioxidants, nephroprotective and immunomodulatory effects in the patients associated with renal dysfunction or CKD thus improving altered renal architecture and renal physiology. Clinically, it is concluded that NEERI-KFT works kidney malfunction and cease ESRD progression or even reduce the number of dialysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Gautam
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Umar Khan
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ikshit Sharma
- AIMIL Pharmaceuticals (India) Ltd, Saini Majra, Ropar Nalagarh Rd, Tehsil Nalagarh, Solan District, H.P 174101, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- AIMIL Pharmaceuticals (India) Ltd, Saini Majra, Ropar Nalagarh Rd, Tehsil Nalagarh, Solan District, H.P 174101, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guo P, Li B, Liu MM, Li YX, Weng GY, Gao Y. Protective effects of lotus plumule ethanol extracts on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:1432-1441. [PMID: 34724865 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1993670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive fibrosing disease, characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and remodeling of the lung architecture, which finally result in respiratory failure. Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment for PF, therefore, the development of effective agents is urgently needed. Lotus plumule, the green embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., a plant of the Nymphaeaceae family, is a traditional Chinese food with exceptional nutritional value and its extracts exert prominent anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of lotus plumule extracts (LPEs) on bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF in mice. Therefore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis were performed. The histopathological examination demonstrated that LPEs could obviously decrease the degree of alveolitis, deposition of ECM and the production of collagen I (Col-I) in the pulmonary interstitium. In addition, the results showed that LPEs markedly alleviated the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Additionally, the content of Col-I and hydroxyproline (HYP) was also attenuated. In conclusion, LPEs could ameliorate the BLM-induced lung fibrosis, thus suggesting that LPEs could serve as a potential therapeutic approach for PF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Department of Health Service, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Li
- Specialized Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng-Meng Liu
- Department of Health Service, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Li
- Department of Health Service, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Gong-Yu Weng
- Department of Health Service, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Health Service, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sranujit RP, Noysang C, Tippayawat P, Kooltheat N, Luetragoon T, Usuwanthim K. Phytochemicals and Immunomodulatory Effect of Nelumbo nucifera Flower Extracts on Human Macrophages. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2007. [PMID: 34685815 PMCID: PMC8537166 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This research characterizes phytochemicals inherent in lotus flower and investigates the antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity of ethyl acetate (EA) and ethyl alcohol (ET) lotus petal extracts. In the experiment, human monocytes-derived macrophages were stimulated by lipopoly-saccharide to mimic bacteria-induced inflammation. The results showed that ferulic acid, couma-rin, and chlorogenic acid were three dominant polyphenols. The EA and ET lotus petal extracts also possessed high antioxidant capability. Furthermore, the extracts exhibited immunomodulatory properties by suppressing TNF-α secretion in inflammatory-induced human macrophages by in-hibiting NF-κB-dependent inflammatory response. In essence, the lotus petal extracts possess reme-dial attributes beneficial to individuals afflicted with declined immune functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rungnapa Pankla Sranujit
- Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand;
| | - Chanai Noysang
- Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand;
| | - Patcharaporn Tippayawat
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Nateelak Kooltheat
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Thitiya Luetragoon
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (K.U.)
| | - Kanchana Usuwanthim
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (K.U.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Raghu SV, Kudva AK, Rajanikant GK, Baliga MS. Medicinal plants in mitigating electromagnetic radiation-induced neuronal damage: a concise review. Electromagn Biol Med 2021; 41:1-14. [PMID: 34382485 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2021.1963762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the evidence is inconclusive, epidemiological studies strongly suggest that increased exposure to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) increases the risk of brain tumors, parotid gland tumors, and seminoma. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified mobile phone radiofrequency radiation as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). Humans being are inadvertently being exposed to EMR as its prevalence increases, mainly through mobile phones. Radiation exposure is unavoidable in the current context, with mobile phones being an inevitable necessity. Prudent usage of medicinal plants with a long history of mention in traditional and folklore medicine and, more importantly, are safe, inexpensive, and easily acceptable for long-term human use would be an appealing and viable option for mitigating the deleterious effects of EMR. Plants with free radical scavenging, anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory properties are beneficial in maintaining salubrious health. Green tea polyphenols, Ginkgo biloba, lotus seedpod procyanidins, garlic extract, Loranthus longiflorus, Curcuma amada, and Rosmarinus officinalis have all been shown to confer neuroprotective effects in validated experimental models of study. The purpose of this review is to compile for the first time the protective effects of these plants against mobile phone-induced neuronal damage, as well as to highlight the various mechanisms of action that are elicited to invoke the beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yu YP, Lai SJ, Chang CR, Chen WC, Wu SH, Lu CP. Peptidomic analysis of low molecular weight antioxidative peptides prepared by lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seed protein hydrolysates. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
39
|
Maneenet J, Omar AM, Sun S, Kim MJ, Daodee S, Monthakantirat O, Boonyarat C, Chulikhit Y, Awale S. Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. petals with antiausterity activities against the HeLa human cervical cancer cell line. Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 76:401-406. [PMID: 34019754 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ethanolic extract of Nelumbo nucifera petals showed preferential cytotoxic activity against HeLa human cervical cancer cell line with a PC50 value of 10.4 μg/mL. This active extract was subjected to a phytochemical investigation study which led to the isolation of nine benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (1-9). The isolated compounds exhibited potent antiausterity activities. Moreover, under nutrient-deprived conditions, (-)-lirinidine (8) induced remarkable alterations in HeLa cell morphology including cell shrinkage and plasma blebbing leading to total cell death within 10 h. Mechanistically, 8 was found to inhibit Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. It also induced apoptosis by promoting caspase-3 activation and inhibiting Bcl-2 expression. Therefore, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids skeleton can be considered as a promising scaffold for the anticancer drug development against cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juthamart Maneenet
- Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ashraf M Omar
- Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Sijia Sun
- Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Min Jo Kim
- Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Supawadee Daodee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Orawon Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Suresh Awale
- Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim S, Hong KB, Jo K, Suh HJ. Quercetin-3- O-glucuronide in the Ethanol Extract of Lotus Leaf ( Nelumbo nucifera) Enhances Sleep Quantity and Quality in a Rodent Model via a GABAergic Mechanism. Molecules 2021; 26:3023. [PMID: 34069439 PMCID: PMC8159104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Current pharmacological treatments for insomnia carry several and long-term side effects. Therefore, natural products without side effects are warranted. In this study, the sleep-promoting activity of the lotus leaf (Nelumbo nucifera) extract was assessed using ICR mice and Sprague Dawley rats. A pentobarbital-induced sleep test and electroencephalogram analysis were conducted to measure sleep latency time, duration, and sleep architecture. The action mechanism of the extract was evaluated through ligand binding experiments. A high dose (300 mg/kg) of the ethanolic lotus leaf extract significantly increased sleep duration compared to the normal group (p < 0.01). Administration of low (150 mg/kg) and high doses (300 mg/kg) of the extract significantly increased sleep quality, especially the relative power of theta waves (p < 0.05), compared to the normal group. Furthermore, caffeine and lotus leaf extract administration significantly recovered caffeine-induced sleep disruption (p < 0.001), and the sleep quality was similar to that of the normal group. Additionally, ligand binding assay using [3H]-flumazenil revealed that quercetin-3-O-glucuronide contained in the lotus leaf extract (77.27 μg/mg of extract) enhanced sleep by binding to GABAA receptors. Collectively, these results indicated that the lotus leaf extract, particularly quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, exhibits sleep quantity- and quality-enhancing activity via the GABAergic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Singeun Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Kyungae Jo
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tanganurat P, Lichanporn I, Nunthachai N. Instant Drink Powder Development from Lotus Root with Probiotic Supplement using Foam Mat Drying Method. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.9.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed instant drink powder of lotus root water using steviol glycoside as a non-nutritive sweetener at different concentrations (0.01, 0.03 and 0.05% w/v) and flavor (Chrysanthemum, Pandan leaves and Roselle) addition on color, pH, %TA, TSS and organoleptic quality properties. The additional of steviol glycoside did not show any effects on physicochemical properties. Results show that 0.03% steviol glycoside and Pandan leaves addition exhibited the highest score of sensorial features significantly. Moreover, this formula was made as foam-mat dried to obtain lotus root supplemented with probiotics powders. The effects of composition ratio of methylcellulose: egg albumin (1:1, 1:2, 1.5:1 and 1.5:2) on the lotus root foam properties were investigated. It was observed that increase in the concentration of methylcellulose decreased foam stability and foam density. Foams were prepared from Lactobacillus plantarum M29 and Peddiococcus pentosaceus MG12 with lotus root water by adding the different concentrations of foaming agents at a whipping time of 15 min. The composition ratio of methylcellulose: egg albumin (1.5:1) provided preferable foam characteristics. The greatest resulting foams were dried at 60 °C for 3 h. The lotus root with probiotics instant drink was able to possess the antioxidant activity and viable probiotics count (more than 7 log CFU/g) during storage at both refrigeration and room temperature for a month.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palida Tanganurat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Rajamangala Technology University of Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Intira Lichanporn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Rajamangala Technology University of Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Nanchanok Nunthachai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Rajamangala Technology University of Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cheng Y, Li HL, Zhou ZW, Long HZ, Luo HY, Wen DD, Cheng L, Gao LC. Isoliensinine: A Natural Compound with "Drug-Like" Potential. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:630385. [PMID: 33967765 PMCID: PMC8100667 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.630385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoliensinine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, exerts a variety of beneficial effects, such as antitumor, cardioprotective, antioxidant, antidepressant, and anti-HIV effects, and ameliorates T2DM with hyperlipidemia and Alzheimer’s disease. In this article, the recent literature on isoliensinine, including its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and synthesis and extraction, is summarized. Moreover, possible future prospects and research directions are also discussed. Studies on isoliensinine were found by searching a combination of keywords including “pharmacology,” “pharmacokinetics,” and “synthesis and extraction” in the main databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, NCBI, and Wan Fang. Many studies have pointed out that a major limitation of isoliensinine is its poor solubility in aqueous media. Considering its advantages and limitations, isoliensinine can be used as a lead compound to develop novel efficient and low-toxicity derivatives. The available literature indicates that isoliensinine displays “drug-like” potential. Additionally, there are many related issues and novel mechanisms that need to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical, Trial Centre, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong-Li Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical, Trial Centre, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical, Trial Centre, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui-Zhi Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical, Trial Centre, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical, Trial Centre, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical, Trial Centre, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Chen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical, Trial Centre, Changsha Central Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hair Growth Promotion Effect of Nelumbinis Semen Extract with High Antioxidant Activity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6661373. [PMID: 33790980 PMCID: PMC7984906 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6661373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the hair regeneration promotion and hair loss prevention properties of Nelumbinis Semen (NS) extract in vitro and in vivo. The effect of NS on the proliferation and migration of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) was measured in vitro via CCK-8 and scratch migration assays, after which the antioxidant activity of NS was also quantified. NS extracts were then applied to the back of 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice for 3 weeks to monitor hair growth patterns and hair follicle (HF) histology. The mice were divided into three groups: negative control group (NC; DMSO), positive control group (PC; 3% minoxidil), and experimental group (NS extract 1,000 ppm). Moreover, to study the molecular mechanisms by which NS extract regenerates hair growth, real-time PCR was used to analyze factors related to the hair growth cycle. The NS extracts were found to possess high antioxidant properties due to their high flavonoid contents and electron-donating ability. Moreover, NS extracts enhanced hDPC proliferation and migration in a concentration-dependent manner (15.63–125 ppm). The hair growth index and growth area of the NS group (2.81 score, 81%) on day 14 were higher than those of the PC group (2.65 score, 68%) (p < 0.05). Additionally, the HFs of the NS group were located deep in the subcutis, similar to the PC group with developed hair roots. Moreover, the mRNA expression of VEGF and IGF-1 was higher in the NS group compared to the PC group, whereas TGF-β1 expression was lower (p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that NS modulates hair growth by increasing IGF-1 and VEGF expression while inhibiting that of TGF-β1. Therefore, our findings suggest that NS extract is a promising new hair loss treatment derived from a natural substance that helps promote hair growth and prevent hair loss.
Collapse
|
44
|
Sharma S, Baboota S, Amin S, Mir SR. Ameliorative effect of a standardized polyherbal combination in methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:184-199. [PMID: 32083987 PMCID: PMC7048188 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1717549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Context: Nephrotoxicity is a renal dysfunction that arises from direct exposure to environmental chemicals or as a side effect of therapeutic drugs. Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. (Nyctaginaceae), Rheum emodi Wall. Ex. Meissn. (Polygonaceae), Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (Nelumbonaceae) and Crataeva nurvala Buch-Ham. (Capparidaceae) are well-recognized medicinal plants of Indian traditional system of medicine used for kidney disorders.Objectives: The present investigation was undertaken to develop a chromatographically characterized polyherbal combination and to evaluate its nephroprotective activity.Materials and methods: Roots of B. diffusa and R. emodi, flowers of N. nucifera and stem bark of C. nurvala were extracted by decoction using 70% ethanol. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of extraction parameters. Polyherbal combinations with different doses (150-300 mg/kg) were tested against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats.Results: The optimized extract contained 27% phenols and 15% flavonoids, which showed 75% 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging potential. Based on the retention time of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, 17 out of 122 constituents were found common in all extracts and combinations. Two combinations showed significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) DPPH scavenging potential and xanthine oxidase inhibition. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the best combination for DPPH scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibition were 80 and 74 µg/mL, respectively. Treatment of methotrexate-induced nephrotoxic rats with polyherbal combination significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved the kidney function markers, oxidative stress markers and histological parameters.Discussion and conclusion: The developed combination was found to be effective in nephrotoxicity; it can be explored further for the management of drug-induced nephrotoxicity and other chronic kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanchit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Showkat R. Mir
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- CONTACT Showkat R. Mir Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Phytopharmaceutical Research Lab, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi110062, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
V. E, Krishnan K, Bhattacharyya A, R. S. Advances in Ayurvedic medicinal plants and nanocarriers for arthritis treatment and management: A review. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
46
|
Yeh KC, Hung CF, Lin YF, Chang DC, Pai MS, Wang SJ. Neferine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of Nelumbo nucifera, inhibits glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals through 5-HT1A receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
47
|
Wadhwa R, Paudel KR, Chin LH, Hon CM, Madheswaran T, Gupta G, Panneerselvam J, Lakshmi T, Singh SK, Gulati M, Dureja H, Hsu A, Mehta M, Anand K, Devkota HP, Chellian J, Chellappan DK, Hansbro PM, Dua K. Anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of Naringenin-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles in vitro. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13572. [PMID: 33249629 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we had developed Naringenin-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs) and investigated the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of Naringenin-LCNs against human airway epithelium-derived basal cells (BCi-NS1.1) and human lung epithelial carcinoma (A549) cell lines, respectively. The anti-inflammatory potential of Naringenin-LCNs evaluated by qPCR revealed a decreased expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α in lipopolysaccharide-induced BCi-NS1.1 cells. The activity of LCNs was comparable to the positive control drug Fluticasone propionate (10 nM). The anticancer activity was studied by evaluating the antiproliferative (MTT and trypan blue assays), antimigratory (scratch wound healing assay, modified Boyden chamber assay, and immunoblot), and anticolony formation activity in A549 cells. Naringenin LCNs showed promising antiproliferative, antimigratory, and anticolony formation activities in A549 cells, in vitro. Therefore, based on our observations and results, we conclude that Naringenin-LCNs may be employed as a potential therapy-based intervention to ameliorate airway inflammation and to inhibit the progression of lung cancer. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Naringenin was encapsulated into liquid crystalline nanoparticles, thus, attributing to their sustained-release nature. In addition, Naringenin-loaded LCNs efficiently reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory markers, namely, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8. In addition, the Naringenin-loaded LCNs also possess potent anticancer activity, when tested in the A549 cell line, as revealed by the inhibition of proliferation and migration of cells. They also attenuated colony formation and induced apoptosis in the A549 cells. The findings from our study could form the basis for future research that may be translated into an in vivo model to validate the possible therapeutic alternative for lung cancer using Naringenin-loaded LCNs. In addition, the applications of Naringenin-loaded LCNs as an intervention would be of great interest to biological, formulation and respiratory scientists and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ridhima Wadhwa
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Li Hian Chin
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chian Ming Hon
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
| | - Jithendra Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thangavelu Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Alan Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Meenu Mehta
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Japan
| | - Jestin Chellian
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Temviriyanukul P, Sritalahareuthai V, Promyos N, Thangsiri S, Pruesapan K, Srinuanchai W, Nuchuchua O, Siriwan D, On-nom N, Suttisansanee U. The Effect of Sacred Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera) and Its Mixtures on Phenolic Profiles, Antioxidant Activities, and Inhibitions of the Key Enzymes Relevant to Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:E3713. [PMID: 32824050 PMCID: PMC7463813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) has long been used as a food source and ingredient for traditional herbal remedies. Plant parts contain neuroprotective agents that interact with specific targets to inhibit Alzheimer's disease (AD). Organic solvents including methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, and n-butanol, are widely employed for extraction of sacred lotus but impact food safety. Seed embryo, flower stalk, stamen, old leaf, petal, and leaf stalk of sacred lotus were extracted using hot water (aqueous extraction). The extractions were analyzed for their bioactive constituents, antioxidant and anti-AD properties as key enzyme inhibitory activities toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-secretase 1 (BACE-1). Results showed that the sacred lotus stamen exhibited significant amounts of phenolics, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, that contributed to high antioxidant activity via both single electron transfer (SET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanisms, with anti-AChE, anti-BChE, and anti-BACE-1 activities. To enhance utilization of other sacred lotus parts, a combination of stamen, old leaf and petal as the three sacred lotus plant components with the highest phenolic contents, antioxidant activities, and enzyme inhibitory properties was analyzed. Antagonist interaction was observed, possibly from flavonoids-flavonoids interaction. Further in-depth elucidation of this issue is required. Findings demonstrated that an aqueous extract of the stamen has potential for application as a functional food to mitigate the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (S.T.); (N.O.-n.)
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Varittha Sritalahareuthai
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (S.T.); (N.O.-n.)
| | - Natnicha Promyos
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (S.T.); (N.O.-n.)
| | - Sirinapa Thangsiri
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (S.T.); (N.O.-n.)
| | - Kanchana Pruesapan
- Plant Varieties Protection Division, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Wanwisa Srinuanchai
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA), Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (W.S.); (O.N.)
| | - Onanong Nuchuchua
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA), Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (W.S.); (O.N.)
| | - Dalad Siriwan
- Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Nattira On-nom
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (S.T.); (N.O.-n.)
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (P.T.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (S.T.); (N.O.-n.)
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Siriyong T, Phungtammasan S, Jansorn S, Chonsongkram N, Chanwanitsakul S, Subhadhirasakul S, Voravuthikunchai SP. Traditional Thai herbal medicine as an alternative treatment for refractory chronic eczema. Explore (NY) 2020; 16:242-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
50
|
Park M, Han J, Lee HJ. Anti-Adipogenic Effect of Neferine in 3T3-L1 Cells and Primary White Adipocytes. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061858. [PMID: 32580414 PMCID: PMC7353287 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neferine, an alkaloid component extracted from lotus seed embryos, is known for its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. However, the anti-adipogenic activity of neferine has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, neferine was found to inhibit lipid accumulation in a dose-dependent manner during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells without inducing cytotoxicity. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analysis revealed the downregulation in the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) and the upregulation in carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) levels following neferine treatment. Furthermore, neferine increased the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which is an important regulator of fatty acid oxidation. Our result indicates that neferine attenuates adipogenesis and promotes lipid metabolism by activating AMPK-mediated signaling. Therefore, neferine may serve as a therapeutic candidate for obesity treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miey Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (M.P.); (J.H.)
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (M.P.); (J.H.)
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea; (M.P.); (J.H.)
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-750-5968; Fax: +82-31-724-4411
| |
Collapse
|