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Gomez M, Matamoros WA, Larre-Campuzano S, Yépez-Mulia L, De Fuentes-Vicente JA, Hoagstrom CW. Revised New World bioregions and environmental correlates for vectors of Chagas disease (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Acta Trop 2024; 249:107063. [PMID: 37944838 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The subfamily Triatominae includes a group of hematophagous insects, vectors of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis. Triatomines occur in the Old and New World and occupy diverse habitats including tropical and temperate areas. Some studies suggest the distributions of triatomines group into three or four regions. This study objectively determined bioregions focused specifically on New World Triatominae, using clustering and ordination analysis. We also identified indicator species by bioregion and investigated relationships among bioregions and environmental variables using redundancy analysis and multivariate regression trees. We delineated seven bioregions specific to Triatominae and linked each with indicator species. This result suggests more biogeographical structure exists than was revealed in earlier studies that were more general, subjective, and based on older taxonomic and distributional information. Precipitation, elevation, and vegetation were important variables in the delimitating bioregions. This implies that more detailed study of how these factors influence triatomine distributions could benefit understanding of how Chagas disease is spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Gomez
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biodiversidad y Conservación de Ecosistemas Tropicales, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Libramiento Norte Poniente, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, 1150, Lajas Maciel, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29039, Mexico
| | - Wilfredo A Matamoros
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biodiversidad y Conservación de Ecosistemas Tropicales, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Libramiento Norte Poniente, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, 1150, Lajas Maciel, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29039, Mexico.
| | - Santiago Larre-Campuzano
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biodiversidad y Conservación de Ecosistemas Tropicales, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Libramiento Norte Poniente, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, 1150, Lajas Maciel, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29039, Mexico
| | - Lilián Yépez-Mulia
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Pediatría, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - José A De Fuentes-Vicente
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biodiversidad y Conservación de Ecosistemas Tropicales, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Libramiento Norte Poniente, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, 1150, Lajas Maciel, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29039, Mexico
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Carrasquilla MC, Ortiz MI, Amórtegui-Hernández D, García-Restrepo S, León C, Méndez-Cardona S, González C. Pathogens, reservoirs, and vectors involved in the transmission of vector-borne and zoonotic diseases in a Colombian region. Braz J Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s42770-023-00903-9. [PMID: 36828985 PMCID: PMC9957688 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00903-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The ecology of vector-borne diseases (VBDs) is an important system of great complexity, which involves the knowledge about the pathogens and animal species entailed in maintaining transmission cycles in a given locality, including those that act as vectors and reservoirs for the transmitted pathogens. To understand the ecology of some VBDs, we studied vectors, reservoirs, and pathogens of different VBDs, including dengue, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, malaria, Zika, and chikungunya in the municipality of La Mesa, Cundinamarca, Colombia, a locality close to the capital, Bogotá. Vectors and mammals were sampled in urban and rural areas between May and August 2019. Molecular analyses were performed for the detection of pathogens in mammals and vectors, and of blood-meal sources in insects. Several vectors and mammals collected in this study have been involved in pathogen transmission cycles or may have a potential role in them. The findings of this study suggest that in the municipality of La Mesa, there are both vector and potential reservoir species, which are or could be implicated in the maintenance of the cycles of vector-borne diseases such as leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. Although arbovirus infections, such as dengue, are reported in the municipality, arbovirus presence was not detected. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance of vectors and associated control operations in La Mesa, of relevance to other locations where vectors and animal hosts also occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cristina Carrasquilla
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Mario Iván Ortiz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Daniela Amórtegui-Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sebastián García-Restrepo
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología (LEBTYP), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Cielo León
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sergio Méndez-Cardona
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Camila González
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Méndez-Cardona S, Ortiz MI, Carrasquilla MC, Fuya P, Guhl F, González C. Altitudinal distribution and species richness of triatomines (Hemiptera:Reduviidae) in Colombia. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:450. [PMID: 36463194 PMCID: PMC9719156 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease is considered to be endemic in up to 40% of the territory of Colombia, and to date 27 triatomine species have been reported the country. The purpose of this study was to update the geographical distribution of triatomine species in Colombia and assess the species richness patterns and their altitudinal distribution. METHODS Occurrence data were compiled between 2007 and 2020, including from reports of entomological surveillance from the Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), the Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT) at Universidad de Los Andes and a review of the literature. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to describe general species richness patterns of the Triatominae subfamily. To establish the altitudinal distribution of the triatomine species, ranges were obtained from reports with unique elevation values. A generalized linear model was fitted, based on a Poisson distribution, to test the relation between triatomine species richness and Chagas disease cases (2012-2019). RESULTS An updated geographical and altitudinal distribution for triatomine species in Colombia was established, with 507 municipalities added to the previously known distributions. The greatest triatomine richness in Colombia was found to be concentrated in the northeastern region of the country, extending towards the center to the departments of Arauca, Casanare and Meta. Regarding the altitudinal distribution, the study revealed that the species Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata have the greatest altitudinal ranges. The data also suggest a positive relation between species richness and number of Chagas disease cases reported per department. CONCLUSIONS Altitudinal ranges for 17 triatomine species found in Colombia are presented. Species richness and species composition patterns are also described, and areas with a higher risk of transmission based on the relation found with Chagas disease cases are highlighted. This updated distribution reveals that Panstrongylus geniculatus is the triatomine with the largest presence by municipalities in Colombia, being reported in 284 municipalities, followed by Rhodnius prolixus in 277 municipalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Méndez-Cardona
- grid.419226.a0000 0004 0614 5067Grupo de Entomología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia ,grid.7247.60000000419370714Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología Y Parasitología Tropical, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mario I. Ortiz
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología Y Parasitología Tropical, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Cristina Carrasquilla
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología Y Parasitología Tropical, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Patricia Fuya
- grid.419226.a0000 0004 0614 5067Grupo de Entomología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Felipe Guhl
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología Y Parasitología Tropical, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Camila González
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología Y Parasitología Tropical, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Flores-López CA, Moo-Llanes DA, Romero-Figueroa G, Guevara-Carrizales A, López-Ordoñez T, Casas-Martínez M, Samy AM. Potential distributions of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and its vector Dipetalogaster maxima highlight areas at risk of Chagas disease transmission in Baja California Sur, Mexico, under climate change. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 36:469-479. [PMID: 35722673 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dipetalogaster maxima is a primary vector of Chagas disease in the Cape region of Baja California Sur, Mexico. The geographic distribution of D. maxima is limited to this small region of the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. Our study aimed to construct the ecological niche models (ENMs) of this understudied vector species and the parasite responsible for Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi). We modelled the ecological niches of both species under current and future climate change projections in 2050 using four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs): RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5. We also assessed the human population at risk of exposure to D. maxima bites, the hypothesis of ecological niche equivalency and similarity between D. maxima and T. cruzi, and finally the abundance centroid hypothesis. The ENM predicted a higher overlap between both species in the Western and Southern coastal regions of the Baja California Peninsula. The climate change scenarios predicted a Northern shift in the ecological niche of both species. Our findings suggested that the highly tourist destination of Los Cabos is a high-risk zone for Chagas disease circulation. Overall, the study provides valuable data to vector surveillance and control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A Moo-Llanes
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Mexico
| | | | | | - Teresa López-Ordoñez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Casas-Martínez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Mexico
| | - Abdallah M Samy
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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The King's Lace Bug Recaredus rex Distant, 1909 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae): Systematic Position, First Palaearctic and Afrotropical Records, and Ecological Niche Modelling. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13060558. [PMID: 35735895 PMCID: PMC9225140 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Lace bugs (Tingidae) are known for their spectacular bodily appearance; the pronotum and hemelytra of the adult specimens are lacelike, with a delicate network of areolae that resemble lace. The species are phytophagous and always feed on a specific plant or groups of closely related plants. Therefore, they are recognised as mono- or oligophagous bugs, whose feeding activities may cause significant injury to plant pods and leaves. Lace bugs are distributed worldwide and reported in all continents except Antarctica. Although most of the lace bug species are distributed in a particular zoogeographical region, some genera are widely known from the Holarctic region. However, species with a Palaeotropical distribution are scarce. In this study, based on new records and ecological niche modelling, we indicate that Recaredus rex, one of the most enigmatic lace bugs, has a possible Palaeotropical distribution. Moreover, we hypothesise that R. rex is an oligo- or polyphagous species. In addition, the systematic position of the genus Recaredus is discussed. Abstract The systematic position and actual distribution of Recaredus rex, for a long time one of the most enigmatic lace bug genus and species, is very obscure because only the type specimen and three other individuals from India are known to date. In the present paper, we report the first records of R. rex from the Palaearctic region (Iran) and tropical Africa (Ghana). Based on the occurrence localities and climatic variables, we predict potentially useful ecological niches for this species using Maxent software. The areas with the best environmental conditions for R. rex indicated in our studies suggest its possible Palaeotropical distribution. Moreover, we regard these results as a good starting point for further searches for specimens of this species. This might help verify the hypothesis of the broad Palaeotropical distribution of R. rex and its oligo- or polyphagy. In addition, the lace bug genus Recaredus, based on the diagnostic characteristics provided for the tribe Acalyptaini, and the structure of aedeagus, is transferred from the tribe Ypsotingini to the Acalyptaini. A key to all genera currently included in the latter tribe is also provided.
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Krismawati H, Ferdiana A, Irwanto A, Budiawan T, Imaniar C, Wahyuni T, Singh P, Mieras L, Pongtiku A. Implementation of genetic screening test to reduce the incidence of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome among patients with leprosy in Papua, Indonesia: a study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057173. [PMID: 35545382 PMCID: PMC9096541 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mainstay of leprosy treatment is multidrug treatment (MDT), which contains rifampicin, dapsone and clofazimine. The occurrence of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS), a sudden, potentially fatal and traumatic adverse reaction due to dapsone, may affect treatment adherence and may result in fatality if untreated. Before MDT administration, screening for HLA-B*13:01 in patients with leprosy can potentially reduce DHS risk. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of using a screening test for HLA-B*13:01 in reducing the incidence of DHS and to evaluate the feasibility of using the quantitative PCR-based screening tool as DHS predictors before dapsone administration using individual patient testing in a referral centralised-lab model. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A total of 310 newly diagnosed patients with leprosy will be recruited from health centres in two highly endemic districts in Indonesia. Dried blood will be taken on filter paper as the specimen receptacle to collect DNA from the patients and transported at room temperature to the leprosy referral laboratory before MDT administration. Checking for HLA-B*13:01 from human DNA is performed using the Nala PGx 1301 V.1 kit. The results will be shared with the leprosy health workers on the site via phone call and courier. Patients with a positive test result will be treated with MDT without dapsone, and patients with a negative result will be treated with complete MDT. Physical examination (weight, height, skin, muscle and nerve function examination), complete blood tests (including renal function test) will be carried out at baseline. Follow-up will be performed at the fourth and eighth weeks to observe any development of adverse drug reactions. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The ethical approval for the study was issued by the Ethical Committee of the National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia. Written informed consent will be sought from all participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Krismawati
- Papua Agency, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jayapura, Indonesia
| | - Astri Ferdiana
- NLR Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
- Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Clara Imaniar
- Papua Agency, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jayapura, Indonesia
| | - Tri Wahyuni
- Papua Agency, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jayapura, Indonesia
| | - Pushpendra Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, India
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Quiros-Gomez O, Segura-Cardona Á, Flórez PA, Pinto N, Medina M, Henao-Martínez AF, Olivera MJ, Parra-Henao G. Risk factors and spatial analysis for domiciliary infestation with the Chagas disease vector Triatoma venosa in Colombia. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2022; 9:20499361221084164. [PMID: 35321343 PMCID: PMC8935413 DOI: 10.1177/20499361221084164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In Colombia, communities living in the Andean region are the most affected by Chagas disease due to the presence of the main vectors, the environmental and risk factors associated with house infestation. Triatoma venosa is classified as a secondary vector that is frequently found in the departments of Boyaca and Cundinamarca, but epidemiological information and its association with risk factors in domestic and peridomestic areas is unknown. The study aimed to evaluate housing and environmental characteristics associated with domestic and peridomestic infestation by T. venosa and a risk map was estimated. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in municipalities of Boyaca and Cundinamarca, Colombia. From March to July 2015, triatomine infestation screening surveys were conducted in 155 households. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate associations with the infestation and ecological niche modeling was estimated using environmental variables. Results: No statistical association was found with any of the housing variables in the adjusted multivariate analysis. However, in raw relationship infestation was associated with bushes < 10 m (OR = 3; 95% CI: 1.3–7.3) and higher temperature p value < 0.05. The developed final risk map pointed to 12 municipalities with no previous report of the disease, which should be sampled for the presence of T. venosa. Conclusion: This study highlights the relationship between environmental factors and T. venosa in Colombia and the importance of modeling tools to improve mapping efforts. Additional studies are needed to verify the association with bushes and higher temperatures and to verify infestation in predicted risk area with no previous report of the species
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Quiros-Gomez
- Grupo de Epidemiología y Bioestadística, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | - Néstor Pinto
- Departamento de Cundinamarca, Secretaria de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Medina
- Departamento de Boyacá, Secretaria de Salud, Tunja, Colombia
| | | | | | - Gabriel Parra-Henao
- Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia and Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, Av. Cll 26 N° 51-20 Bogotá, 52162 Colombia
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Iya AM, Beyer K, Kotecha P, Kibaru J, Abdullahi M, Alhassan SU, Mustapha MI, Ahmad A, Lawal Y, Rabiu Ibrahim J, Aminu A, Abubakar A, Saleh A, Bryan RT, Van Hemelrijck M, Russell B. Scoping review: bladder cancer in Nigeria - what are the gaps in clinical care and research? BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049241. [PMID: 35260447 PMCID: PMC8905928 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are currently no national guidelines regarding bladder cancer treatment and clinical care pathways in Nigeria. The aim of this scoping review was to identify any gaps in the knowledge of epidemiology, clinical care and translational research in order to aid the development of a defined clinical care pathway and guide future research. METHODS A scoping review was conducted by searching Medline, Ovid Gateway, The Cochrane library and Open Grey literature using predefined search terms from date of inception to June 2020. Studies were included if they discussed the epidemiology or treatment pathway of bladder cancer. All data were charted and were analysed in a descriptive manner. A consultation phase was also conducted consisting of a multidisciplinary team of clinicians and bladder cancer survivors. RESULTS A total of 19 studies were deemed suitable for inclusion. The themes included the epidemiology of bladder cancer (high prevalence of schistosomiasis), research surrounding the biology of the disease and translational research including potential biomarkers. The consultation phase highlighted some possible sociocultural and infrastructural issues relating to both the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer, with poor knowledge of bladder cancer and its symptoms within the general population identified as a key issue. CONCLUSION Even though the factors surrounding the relationship between schistosomiasis and the histopathology of bladder cancer remain unclear, there is potential for screening for schistosomiasis in endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Other key areas for future research include the dissemination of information to the general population surrounding bladder cancer and its symptoms to encourage prompt diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Pinky Kotecha
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joyce Kibaru
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Muzzammil Abdullahi
- Urology Unit, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
- Urology, Bayero University College of Health Sciences, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Yusuf Lawal
- Radiology Department, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Aliyu Aminu
- Microbiology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Abdullahi Saleh
- Nursing department, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Richard T Bryan
- Bladder Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer & Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Beth Russell
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King's College London, London, UK
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Hernandez-Castro LE, Villacís AG, Jacobs A, Cheaib B, Day CC, Ocaña-Mayorga S, Yumiseva CA, Bacigalupo A, Andersson B, Matthews L, Landguth EL, Costales JA, Llewellyn MS, Grijalva MJ. Population genomics and geographic dispersal in Chagas disease vectors: Landscape drivers and evidence of possible adaptation to the domestic setting. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010019. [PMID: 35120121 PMCID: PMC8849464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate prediction of vectors dispersal, as well as identification of adaptations that allow blood-feeding vectors to thrive in built environments, are a basis for effective disease control. Here we adopted a landscape genomics approach to assay gene flow, possible local adaptation, and drivers of population structure in Rhodnius ecuadoriensis, an important vector of Chagas disease. We used a reduced-representation sequencing technique (2b-RADseq) to obtain 2,552 SNP markers across 272 R. ecuadoriensis samples from 25 collection sites in southern Ecuador. Evidence of high and directional gene flow between seven wild and domestic population pairs across our study site indicates insecticide-based control will be hindered by repeated re-infestation of houses from the forest. Preliminary genome scans across multiple population pairs revealed shared outlier loci potentially consistent with local adaptation to the domestic setting, which we mapped to genes involved with embryogenesis and saliva production. Landscape genomic models showed elevation is a key barrier to R. ecuadoriensis dispersal. Together our results shed early light on the genomic adaptation in triatomine vectors and facilitate vector control by predicting that spatially-targeted, proactive interventions would be more efficacious than current, reactive approaches. Re-infestation of recently insecticide-treated houses by wild/secondary triatomine, their potential adaptation to this new environment and capabilities to geographically disperse across multiple human communities jeopardise sustainable Chagas disease control. This is the first study in Chagas disease vectors that identifies genomic regions possibly linked to adaptations to the built environment and describes landscape drivers for accurate prediction of geographic dispersal. We sampled multiple domestic and wild Rhodnius ecuadoriensis population pairs across a mountainous terrain in southern Ecuador. We evidenced that triatomine movement from forest to built enviroments does occur at a high rate. In these highly connected population pairs we detected loci possibly linked to local adaptation among the genomic makers we evaluated and in doing so we pave the way for future triatomine genomic research. We highlighted that current haphazardous vector control in the zone will be hindered by reinfestation of triatomines from the forest. Instead, we recommend frequent and spatially-targeted vector control and provided a landacape genomic model that identifies highly connected and isolated triatomine populations to facilitate efficient vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E. Hernandez-Castro
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- The Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment Group, The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LEH-C); (MSL)
| | - Anita G. Villacís
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Arne Jacobs
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Bachar Cheaib
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Casey C. Day
- Computational Ecology Lab, School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Sofía Ocaña-Mayorga
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Cesar A. Yumiseva
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Antonella Bacigalupo
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Louise Matthews
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Erin L. Landguth
- Computational Ecology Lab, School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
- Center for Population Health Research, School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Jaime A. Costales
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Martin S. Llewellyn
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LEH-C); (MSL)
| | - Mario J. Grijalva
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
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10
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Ledien J, Cucunubá ZM, Parra-Henao G, Rodríguez-Monguí E, Dobson AP, Basáñez MG, Nouvellet P. Spatiotemporal variations in exposure: Chagas disease in Colombia as a case study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:13. [PMID: 35027002 PMCID: PMC8759231 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-021-01477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-stratified serosurvey data are often used to understand spatiotemporal trends in disease incidence and exposure through estimating the Force-of-Infection (FoI). Typically, median or mean FoI estimates are used as the response variable in predictive models, often overlooking the uncertainty in estimated FoI values when fitting models and evaluating their predictive ability. To assess how this uncertainty impact predictions, we compared three approaches with three levels of uncertainty integration. We propose a performance indicator to assess how predictions reflect initial uncertainty. In Colombia, 76 serosurveys (1980–2014) conducted at municipality level provided age-stratified Chagas disease prevalence data. The yearly FoI was estimated at the serosurvey level using a time-varying catalytic model. Environmental, demographic and entomological predictors were used to fit and predict the FoI at municipality level from 1980 to 2010 across Colombia. A stratified bootstrap method was used to fit the models without temporal autocorrelation at the serosurvey level. The predictive ability of each model was evaluated to select the best-fit models within urban, rural and (Amerindian) indigenous settings. Model averaging, with the 10 best-fit models identified, was used to generate predictions. Our analysis shows a risk of overconfidence in model predictions when median estimates of FoI alone are used to fit and evaluate models, failing to account for uncertainty in FoI estimates. Our proposed methodology fully propagates uncertainty in the estimated FoI onto the generated predictions, providing realistic assessments of both central tendency and current uncertainty surrounding exposure to Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ledien
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
| | - Zulma M Cucunubá
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research & MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Parra-Henao
- Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, Colombia.,National Institute of Health, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Eliana Rodríguez-Monguí
- Neglected, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrew P Dobson
- Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, USA
| | - María-Gloria Basáñez
- London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research & MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK
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11
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Diversity and interactions among triatomine bugs, their blood feeding sources, gut microbiota and Trypanosoma cruzi in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12306. [PMID: 34112903 PMCID: PMC8192545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease remains a major neglected disease in Colombia. We aimed to characterize Trypanosoma cruzi transmission networks in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM) region, to shed light on disease ecology and help optimize control strategies. Triatomines were collected in rural communities and analyzed for blood feeding sources, parasite diversity and gut microbiota composition through a metagenomic and deep sequencing approach. Triatoma dimidiata predominated, followed by Rhodnius prolixus, Triatoma maculata, Rhodnius pallescens, Panstrongylus geniculatus and Eratyrus cuspidatus. Twenty-two species were identified as blood sources, resulting in an integrated transmission network with extensive connectivity among sylvatic and domestic host species. Only TcI parasites were detected, predominantly from TcIb but TcIa was also reported. The close relatedness of T. cruzi strains further supported the lack of separate transmission cycles according to habitats or triatomine species. Triatomine microbiota varied according to species, developmental stage and T. cruzi infection. Bacterial families correlated with the presence/absence of T. cruzi were identified. In conclusion, we identified a domestic transmission cycle encompassing multiple vector species and tightly connected with sylvatic hosts in the SNSM region, rather than an isolated domestic transmission cycle. Therefore, integrated interventions targeting all vector species and their contact with humans should be considered.
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12
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McCauley M, Raven J, van den Broek N. Experiences and impact of international medical volunteering: a multi-country mixed methods study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041599. [PMID: 33757942 PMCID: PMC7993159 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the experience and impact of medical volunteers who facilitated training workshops for healthcare providers in maternal and newborn emergency care in 13 countries. SETTINGS Bangladesh, Ghana, India, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, UK and Zimbabwe. PARTICIPANTS Medical volunteers from the UK (n=162) and from low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) (n=138). OUTCOME MEASURES Expectations, experience, views, personal and professional impact of the experience of volunteering on medical volunteers based in the UK and in LMIC. RESULTS UK-based medical volunteers (n=38) were interviewed using focus group discussions (n=12) and key informant interviews (n=26). 262 volunteers (UK-based n=124 (47.3%), and LMIC-based n=138 (52.7%)) responded to the online survey (62% response rate), covering 506 volunteering episodes. UK-based medical volunteers were motivated by altruism, and perceived volunteering as a valuable opportunity to develop their skills in leadership, teaching and communication, skills reported to be transferable to their home workplace. Medical volunteers based in the UK and in LMIC (n=244) reported increased confidence (98%, n=239); improved teamwork (95%, n=232); strengthened leadership skills (90%, n=220); and reported that volunteering had a positive impact for the host country (96%, n=234) and healthcare providers trained (99%, n=241); formed sustainable partnerships (97%, n=237); promoted multidisciplinary team working (98%, n=239); and was a good use of resources (98%, n=239). Medical volunteers based in LMIC reported higher satisfaction scores than those from the UK with regards to impact on personal and professional development. CONCLUSION Healthcare providers from the UK and LMIC are highly motivated to volunteer to increase local healthcare providers' knowledge and skills in low-resource settings. Further research is necessary to understand the experiences of local partners and communities regarding how the impact of international medical volunteering can be mutually beneficial and sustainable with measurable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary McCauley
- Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joanna Raven
- International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nynke van den Broek
- Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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13
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Vivas RJ, García JE, Guhl F, Hernández C, Velásquez N, Ramírez JD, Carranza JC, Vallejo GA. Systematic review on the biology, ecology, genetic diversity and parasite transmission potential of Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille 1811) in Latin America. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2021; 116:e200528. [PMID: 33656141 PMCID: PMC7919531 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760200528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille, 1811) is the triatomine with the largest geographic distribution in Latin America. It has been reported in 18 countries from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, including the Caribbean islands. Although most reports indicate that P. geniculatus has wild habitats, this species has intrusive habits regarding human dwellings mainly located in intermediate deforested areas. It is attracted by artificial light from urban and rural buildings, raising the risk of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi. Despite the wide body of published information on P. geniculatus, many knowledge gaps exist about its biology and epidemiological potential. For this reason, we analysed the literature for P. geniculatus in Scopus, PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar and the BibTriv3.0 databases to update existing knowledge and provide better information on its geographic distribution, life cycle, genetic diversity, evidence of intrusion and domiciliation, vector-related circulating discrete taxonomic units, possible role in oral T. cruzi transmission, and the effect of climate change on its biology and epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo José Vivas
- Universidad del Tolima, Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Jorge Enrique García
- Universidad de Ibagué, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Felipe Guhl
- Universidad de los Andes, Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia Velásquez
- Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Departamento de Biología, Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julio César Carranza
- Universidad del Tolima, Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Vallejo
- Universidad del Tolima, Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Ibagué, Colombia
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14
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Hayes F, Clark J, McCauley M. Healthcare providers' and managers' knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding international medical volunteering in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039722. [PMID: 33310799 PMCID: PMC7735101 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study sought to explore the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of healthcare providers and health programme managers regarding the benefits, challenges and impact of international medical volunteers' clinical placements. Views on how to better improve the work of international medical volunteers and the volunteer organisation Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO) for the benefit of local communities were also explored. SETTINGS Public healthcare facilities, VSO offices in Gulu and VSO offices in Kampala, Uganda. PARTICIPANTS Ugandan healthcare providers (n=11) and health programme managers (n=6) who had worked with or managed international medical volunteers. INTERVENTIONS Data collection was conducted using key informant interviews. Transcribed interviews were coded by topic and grouped into categories. Thematic framework analysis using NVivo identified emerging themes. RESULTS Both healthcare providers and managers reported a beneficial impact of volunteers and working with the volunteer organisation (clinical service provision, multidisciplinary teamwork, patient-centred care, implementation of audits, improved quality of care, clinical teaching and mentoring for local healthcare providers); identified challenges of working with volunteers (language barriers and unrealistic expectations) and the organisation (lack of clear communication and feedback processes); and provided recommendations to improve volunteer placements and working partnership with the organisation (more local stakeholder input and longer placements). Most healthcare providers were positive and recommended that volunteers are enabled to continue to work in such settings if resources are available to do so. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare providers based in a low-resource setting report positive experiences and impacts of working with international medical volunteers. Currently, there is lack of local feedback processes, and the establishment of such processes that consider local stakeholder reflections requires further strengthening. These would help gain a better understanding of what is needed to ensure optimal effectiveness and sustainable impact of international medical volunteer placements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenella Hayes
- Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Mary McCauley
- Centre for Maternal and Newborn Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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15
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Altamiranda-Saavedra M, Osorio-Olvera L, Yáñez-Arenas C, Marín-Ortiz JC, Parra-Henao G. Geographic abundance patterns explained by niche centrality hypothesis in two Chagas disease vectors in Latin America. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241710. [PMID: 33147272 PMCID: PMC7641389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecoepidemiological scenarios for Chagas disease transmission are complex, so vector control measures to decrease human–vector contact and prevent infection transmission are difficult to implement in all geographic contexts. This study assessed the geographic abundance patterns of two vector species of Chagas disease: Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) and Rhodnius pallescens (Barber, 1932) in Latin America. We modeled their potential distribution using the maximum entropy algorithm implemented in Maxent and calculated distances to their niche centroid by fitting a minimum-volume ellipsoid. In addition, to determine which method would accurately explain geographic abundance patterns, we compared the correlation between population abundance and the distance to the ecological niche centroid (DNC) and between population abundance and Maxent environmental suitability. The potential distribution estimated for T. maculata showed that environmental suitability covers a large area, from Panama to Northern Brazil. R. pallescens showed a more restricted potential distribution, with environmental suitability covering mostly the coastal zone of Costa Rica and some areas in Nicaragua, Honduras, Belize and the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, northern Colombia, Acre, and Rondônia states in Brazil, as well as a small region of the western Brazilian Amazon. We found a negative slope in the relationship between population abundance and the DNC in both species. R. pallecens has a more extensive potential latitudinal range than previously reported, and the distribution model for T. maculata corroborates previous studies. In addition, population abundance increases according to the niche centroid proximity, indicating that population abundance is limited by the set of scenopoetic variables at coarser scales (non-interactive variables) used to determine the ecological niche. These findings might be used by public health agencies in Latin America to implement actions and support programs for disease prevention and vector control, identifying areas in which to expand entomological surveillance and maintain chemical control, in order to decrease human–vector contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra
- Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico (CIST), Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, Colombia
- Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
- * E-mail:
| | - Luis Osorio-Olvera
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Carlos Yáñez-Arenas
- Laboratorio de Ecología Geográfica, Unidad de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, UMDI-Sisal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Marín-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Parra-Henao
- Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico (CIST), Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, Colombia
- National Health Institute (Instituto Nacional de Salud), Bogotá, Colombia
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16
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Torres ME, Rojas HL, Alatorre LC, Bravo LC, Uc MI, González MO, Wiebe LC, Granados A. Biogeographical factors determining Triatoma recurva distribution in Chihuahua, México, 2014. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2020; 40:516-527. [PMID: 33030830 PMCID: PMC7666858 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.5076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triatoma recurva is a Trypanosoma cruzi vector whose distribution and biological development are determined by factors that may influence the transmission of trypanosomiasis to humans. OBJECTIVE To identify the potential spatial distribution of Triatoma recurve, as well as social factors determining its presence. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used the MaxEnt software to construct ecological niche models while bioclimatic variables (WorldClim) were derived from the monthly values of temperature and precipitation to generate biologically significant variables. The resulting cartography was interpreted as suitable areas for T. recurva presence. RESULTS Our results showed that the precipitation during the driest month (Bio 14), the maximum temperature during the warmest month (Bio 5), and the altitude (Alt) and mean temperature during the driest quarter (Bio 9) determined T. recurva distribution area at a higher percentage evidencing its strong relationship with domestic and surrounding structures. CONCLUSIONS This methodology can be used in other geographical contexts to locate potential sampling sites where these triatomines occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Torres
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México.
| | - Hugo Luis Rojas
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México.
| | - Luis Carlos Alatorre
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México.
| | - Luis Carlos Bravo
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México.
| | - Mario Iván Uc
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México.
| | - Manuel Octavio González
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México.
| | - Lara Cecilia Wiebe
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México.
| | - Alfredo Granados
- Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnológica, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Juárez, Chihuahua, México.
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17
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Arias-Giraldo LM, Muñoz M, Hernández C, Herrera G, Velásquez-Ortiz N, Cantillo-Barraza O, Urbano P, Cuervo A, Ramírez JD. Identification of blood-feeding sources in Panstrongylus, Psammolestes, Rhodnius and Triatoma using amplicon-based next-generation sequencing. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:434. [PMID: 32867816 PMCID: PMC7457505 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatomines are hematophagous insects that play an important role as vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. These insects have adapted to multiple blood-feeding sources that can affect relevant aspects of their life-cycle and interactions, thereby influencing parasitic transmission dynamics. We conducted a characterization of the feeding sources of individuals from the primary circulating triatomine genera in Colombia using amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS We used 42 triatomines collected in different departments of Colombia. DNA was extracted from the gut. The presence of T. cruzi was identified using real-time PCR, and discrete typing units (DTUs) were determined by conventional PCR. For blood-feeding source identification, PCR products of the vertebrate 12S rRNA gene were obtained and sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Blood-meal sources were inferred using blastn against a curated reference dataset containing the 12S rRNA sequences belonging to vertebrates with a distribution in South America that represent a potential feeding source for triatomine bugs. Mean and median comparison tests were performed to evaluate differences in triatomine blood-feeding sources, infection state, and geographical regions. Lastly, the inverse Simpson's diversity index was calculated. RESULTS The overall frequency of T. cruzi infection was 83.3%. TcI was found as the most predominant DTU (65.7%). A total of 67 feeding sources were detected from the analyses of approximately 7 million reads. The predominant feeding source found was Homo sapiens (76.8%), followed by birds (10.5%), artiodactyls (4.4%), and non-human primates (3.9%). There were differences among numerous feeding sources of triatomines of different species. The diversity of feeding sources also differed depending on the presence of T. cruzi. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to employ amplicon-based NGS of the 12S rRNA gene to depict blood-feeding sources of multiple triatomine species collected in different regions of Colombia. Our findings report a striking read diversity that has not been reported previously. This is a powerful approach to unravel transmission dynamics at microgeographical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Arias-Giraldo
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giovanny Herrera
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia Velásquez-Ortiz
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Omar Cantillo-Barraza
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Plutarco Urbano
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Orinoquia, Fundación Universitaria Internacional del Trópico Americano (Unitropico), Yopal, Colombia
| | - Andrés Cuervo
- Secretaría Departamental de Salud de Arauca, Arauca, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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18
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Bender A, Python A, Lindsay SW, Golding N, Moyes CL. Modelling geospatial distributions of the triatomine vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Latin America. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008411. [PMID: 32776929 PMCID: PMC7440660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 150 triatomine species are suspected to be infected with the Chagas parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, but they differ in the risk they pose to human populations. The largest risk comes from species that have a domestic life cycle and these species have been targeted by indoor residual spraying campaigns, which have been successful in many locations. It is now important to consider residual transmission that may be linked to persistent populations of dominant vectors, or to secondary or minor vectors. The aim of this project was to define the geographical distributions of the community of triatomine species across the Chagas endemic region. Presence-only data with over 12, 000 observations of triatomine vectors were extracted from a public database and target-group background data were generated to account for sampling bias in the presence data. Geostatistical regression was then applied to estimate species distributions and fine-scale distribution maps were generated for thirty triatomine vector species including those found within one or two countries and species that are more widely distributed from northern Argentina to Guatemala, Bolivia to southern Mexico, and Mexico to the southern United States of America. The results for Rhodnius pictipes, Panstrongylus geniculatus, Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, and Triatoma infestans are presented in detail, including model predictions and uncertainty in these predictions, and the model validation results for each of the 30 species are presented in full. The predictive maps for all species are made publicly available so that they can be used to assess the communities of vectors present within different regions of the endemic zone. The maps are presented alongside key indicators for the capacity of each species to transmit T. cruzi to humans. These indicators include infection prevalence, evidence for human blood meals, and colonisation or invasion of homes. A summary of the published evidence for these indicators shows that the majority of the 30 species mapped by this study have the potential to transmit T. cruzi to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bender
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AB); (CLM)
| | - Andre Python
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Steve W. Lindsay
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, DH1 3LE, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Golding
- Department of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine L. Moyes
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AB); (CLM)
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19
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Eberhard FE, Cunze S, Kochmann J, Klimpel S. Modelling the climatic suitability of Chagas disease vectors on a global scale. eLife 2020; 9:52072. [PMID: 32374263 PMCID: PMC7237218 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Triatominae are vectors for Trypanosoma cruzi, the aetiological agent of the neglected tropical Chagas disease. Their distribution stretches across Latin America, with some species occurring outside of the Americas. In particular, the cosmopolitan vector, Triatoma rubrofasciata, has already been detected in many Asian and African countries. We applied an ensemble forecasting niche modelling approach to project the climatic suitability of 11 triatomine species under current climate conditions on a global scale. Our results revealed potential hotspots of triatomine species diversity in tropical and subtropical regions between 21°N and 24°S latitude. We also determined the climatic suitability of two temperate species (T. infestans, T. sordida) in Europe, western Australia and New Zealand. Triatoma rubrofasciata has been projected to find climatically suitable conditions in large parts of coastal areas throughout Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia, emphasising the importance of an international vector surveillance program in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny E Eberhard
- Goethe University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Frankfurt, Germany.,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sarah Cunze
- Goethe University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Frankfurt, Germany.,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Judith Kochmann
- Goethe University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Frankfurt, Germany.,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sven Klimpel
- Goethe University, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Frankfurt, Germany.,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt, Germany
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Caicedo Díaz RA, Forsyth C, Bernal OA, Marchiol A, Beltrán Duran M, Batista C, Herazo R, Vera MJ, Pachón Abril E, Valencia-Hernández CA, Flórez Sánchez AC. Comparative evaluation of immunoassays to improve access to diagnosis for Chagas disease in Colombia. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 87:100-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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21
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Velásquez-Ortiz N, Hernández C, Herrera G, Cruz-Saavedra L, Higuera A, Arias-Giraldo LM, Urbano P, Cuervo A, Teherán A, Ramírez JD. Trypanosoma cruzi infection, discrete typing units and feeding sources among Psammolestes arthuri (Reduviidae: Triatominae) collected in eastern Colombia. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:157. [PMID: 30961657 PMCID: PMC6454608 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and is transmitted by hematophagous insects of the family Reduviidae. Psammolestes arthuri is a sylvatic triatomine distributed in Colombia and Venezuela which feeds on birds and there are a few studies that have reported Ps. arthuri naturally infected with T. cruzi. In Colombia, Ps. arthuri has been found in dwellings, making it important to evaluate its possible role in the T. cruzi transmission cycle. We aimed to evaluate the presence of T. cruzi and feeding sources of Ps. arthuri to elucidate new possible scenarios of T. cruzi transmission in the country. METHODS A total of 60 Ps. arthuri were collected in Arauca and Casanare, Colombia. We detected and genotyped T. cruzi and identified feeding sources. The frequency of the presence of T. cruzi was obtained and compared with different eco-epidemiological variables. Multiple correspondence analysis was conducted to explore associations between eco-epidemiological variables and the presence of T. cruzi; with these results, a logistic regression was used to determine statistical associations. RESULTS The infection rate of T. cruzi was 70.7% and was mostly associated with insect stage, sex, bird nest and feeding source. Regarding discrete typing units (DTUs), TcI was found in 54.7% samples, of which 21.7% (5/23) were TcIDom, 52.1% (12/23) had mixed infection (TcIDom-TcISylv), and single infection with TcISylv was not detected. Mixed infections (TcI/TcII-TcVI) were found in 9.52% (4/42) of the samples; of these, 14.2% (6/42) were TcII-TcVI. A total of 15 feeding sources were identified and the most frequent were: Cranioleuca baroni (35.85%), Homo sapiens (26.42%), Thraupis episcopus (11.32%) and Serinus albogularis (3.77%). CONCLUSIONS Although Ps. arthuri is mainly ornithophilic, this species may be feeding on other animals that can be infected with T. cruzi, possibly playing a role maintaining the zoonotic cycle of the parasite. Further studies with molecular techniques and wider sampling are needed to improve information regarding infection rates, ecotopes and habits with the aim of evaluating whether Ps. arthuri could be a potential T. cruzi vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Velásquez-Ortiz
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giovanny Herrera
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lissa Cruz-Saavedra
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Higuera
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luisa M Arias-Giraldo
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Plutarco Urbano
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Orinoquia, Fundación Universidad del Trópico Americano (Unitrópico), Yopal, Colombia
| | - Andrés Cuervo
- Secretaría Departamental de Salud de Arauca, Arauca, Colombia
| | - Aníbal Teherán
- Grupo de Investigación COMPLEXUS, Fundación Universitaria Juan N. Corpas, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Eduardo AA, Santos LABO, Rebouças MC, Martinez PA. Patterns of vector species richness and species composition as drivers of Chagas disease occurrence in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:590-598. [PMID: 30063379 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1497776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease represents one of the major health issue in Latin America. Epidemiological control is focused on disease vectors, so studies on the ecology of triatomine vectors constitute a central strategy. Recently, research at large spatial scale has been produced, and authors commonly rely on the assumption that geographical regions presenting good environmental conditions for most vector species are also those with high risk of infection. In the present work, we provide an explicit evaluation for this assumption. Employing species distribution models and epidemiological data for Chagas disease in Brazilian territory, our results show that species richness is a poor predictor for the observed pattern of Chagas disease occurrence. Species composition proved to be a better predictor. We stress that research on macroecology of infectious diseases should go beyond the analysis of biodiversity patterns and consider human infections as a central part of the focal ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson A Eduardo
- a Laboratory of Integrative Research on Biodiversity (PIBi-Lab), Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) , Aracaju , SE , Brazil
| | - Lucas A B O Santos
- b Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (HU-UFS) , Aracaju , SE , Brazil
| | - Mônica C Rebouças
- a Laboratory of Integrative Research on Biodiversity (PIBi-Lab), Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) , Aracaju , SE , Brazil
| | - Pablo A Martinez
- a Laboratory of Integrative Research on Biodiversity (PIBi-Lab), Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) , Aracaju , SE , Brazil
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23
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Mesa-Arciniegas P, Parra-Henao G, Carrión-Bonifacio Á, Casas-Cruz A, Patiño-Cuellar A, Díaz-Rodríguez K, Garzón-Jiménez S, Almansa-Manrique J, Bernal-Rosas Y, Hernández-Lamus C, Pedraza-Toscano A, Torres-García O. Trypanosoma cruzi infection in naturally infected dogs from an endemic region of Cundinamarca, Colombia. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2018; 14:212-216. [PMID: 31014732 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The seropositivity and risk factors for Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs from a municipality of Cundinamarca, a central state of Colombia were studied. A total of 356 client-owned dogs from urban, peri-urban and rural areas of La Mesa municipality, (Cundinamarca, Colombia) were randomly selected. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture. Anti-T. cruzi antibodies were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Reactive ELISA sera were processed by indirect immunofluorescence to confirm the presence of anti-T. cruzi antibodies. Chi-square tests were conducted for statistical analysis. Serologic tests for T. cruzi infection showed a prevalence of 29.49% (105/356), the rural area show a highest T. cruzi infection pattern in comparison with the other zone locations. Two triatomine species were found through the study: Panstrongylus geniculatus (53.4%) and Rhodnius colombiensis (46.6%). The prevalence of positive vectors for parasite was of 52.1% (38/73). Additionally, a very close relation between triatomine bugs and dogs in the rural zone (1:3.1) was observed. These results are the first report of natural infection by T. cruzi in domestic dogs in La Mesa municipality. In conclusion, the presence of anti-T. cruzi antibodies in dogs in this area suggest vector transmission. There is a need for active surveillance programs throughout the La Mesa municipality and vector control strategies should also be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mesa-Arciniegas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la salud Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca - UCMC, Calle 28 No. 5B-02, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Gabriel Parra-Henao
- Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta - UCC - Troncal del Caribe, Km 3, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia; Red Chagas Colombia, Cl. 26 #51-20, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Ángela Carrión-Bonifacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la salud Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca - UCMC, Calle 28 No. 5B-02, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Adriana Casas-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta - UCC - Troncal del Caribe, Km 3, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia
| | - Ana Patiño-Cuellar
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Antonio Nariño - UAN, Sede Circunvalar - Carrera 3 este # 47A-15, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Katherine Díaz-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la salud Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca - UCMC, Calle 28 No. 5B-02, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Sandra Garzón-Jiménez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Antonio Nariño - UAN, Sede Circunvalar - Carrera 3 este # 47A-15, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Jorge Almansa-Manrique
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Antonio Nariño - UAN, Sede Circunvalar - Carrera 3 este # 47A-15, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Yuly Bernal-Rosas
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Antonio Nariño - UAN, Sede Circunvalar - Carrera 3 este # 47A-15, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Claribell Hernández-Lamus
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Antonio Nariño - UAN, Sede Circunvalar - Carrera 3 este # 47A-15, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Adriana Pedraza-Toscano
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Antonio Nariño - UAN, Sede Circunvalar - Carrera 3 este # 47A-15, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Orlando Torres-García
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Antonio Nariño - UAN, Sede Circunvalar - Carrera 3 este # 47A-15, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
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Cucunubá ZM, Nouvellet P, Conteh L, Vera MJ, Angulo VM, Dib JC, Parra-Henao GJ, Basáñez MG. Modelling historical changes in the force-of-infection of Chagas disease to inform control and elimination programmes: application in Colombia. BMJ Glob Health 2017; 2:e000345. [PMID: 29147578 PMCID: PMC5680445 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background WHO's 2020 milestones for Chagas disease include having all endemic Latin American countries certified with no intradomiciliary Trypanosoma cruzi transmission, and infected patients under care. Evaluating the variation in historical exposure to infection is crucial for assessing progress and for understanding the priorities to achieve these milestones. Methods Focusing on Colombia, all the available age-structured serological surveys (undertaken between 1995 and 2014) were searched and compiled. A total of 109 serosurveys were found, comprising 83 742 individuals from rural (indigenous and non-indigenous) and urban settings in 14 (out of 32) administrative units (departments). Estimates of the force-of-infection (FoI) were obtained by fitting and comparing three catalytic models using Bayesian methods to reconstruct temporal and spatial patterns over the course of three decades (between 1984 and 2014). Results Significant downward changes in the FoI were identified over the course of the three decades, and in some specific locations the predicted current seroprevalence in children aged 0-5 years is <1%. However, pronounced heterogeneity exists within departments, especially between indigenous, rural and urban settings, with the former exhibiting the highest FoI (up to 66 new infections/1000 people susceptible/year). The FoI in most of the indigenous settings remain unchanged during the three decades investigated. Current prevalence in adults in these 15 departments varies between 10% and 90% depending on the dynamics of historical exposure. Conclusions Assessing progress towards the control of Chagas disease requires quantifying the impact of historical exposure on current age-specific prevalence at subnational level. In Colombia, despite the evident progress, there is a marked heterogeneity indicating that in some areas the vector control interventions have not been effective, hindering the possibility of achieving interruption by 2020. A substantial burden of chronic cases remains even in locations where serological criteria for transmission interruption may have been achieved, therefore still demanding diagnosis and treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulma M Cucunubá
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine (St Mary's campus), Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Imperial College London, London, UK.,Grupode Parasitología-RED CHAGAS, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Pierre Nouvellet
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine (St Mary's campus), Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine (St Mary's campus), Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lesong Conteh
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine (St Mary's campus), Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine (St Mary's campus), Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine (St Mary's campus), Health Economics Group, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mauricio Javier Vera
- Grupo de Enfermedades Endemo-Epidémicas, Subdirección Enfermedades Transmisibles, Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Victor Manuel Angulo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales (CINTROP), Universidad Industrial de Santander, Piedecuesta, Colombia
| | | | | | - María Gloria Basáñez
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine (St Mary's campus), Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), Imperial College London, London, UK
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