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Onwuka S, Bravo-Merodio L, Gkoutos GV, Acharjee A. Explainable AI-prioritized plasma and fecal metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease and their dietary associations. iScience 2024; 27:110298. [PMID: 39040076 PMCID: PMC11261406 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fecal metabolites effectively discriminate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and show differential associations with diet. Metabolomics and AI-based models, including explainable AI (XAI), play crucial roles in understanding IBD. Using datasets from the UK Biobank and the Human Microbiome Project Phase II IBD Multi'omics Database (HMP2 IBDMDB), this study uses multiple machine learning (ML) classifiers and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP)-based XAI to prioritize plasma and fecal metabolites and analyze their diet correlations. Key findings include the identification of discriminative metabolites like glycoprotein acetyl and albumin in plasma, as well as nicotinic acid metabolites andurobilin in feces. Fecal metabolites provided a more robust disease predictor model (AUC [95%]: 0.93 [0.87-0.99]) compared to plasma metabolites (AUC [95%]: 0.74 [0.69-0.79]), with stronger and more group-differential diet-metabolite associations in feces. The study validates known metabolite associations and highlights the impact of IBD on the interplay between gut microbial metabolites and diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Onwuka
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Laura Bravo-Merodio
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Georgios V. Gkoutos
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Fraga SRO, Zago L, Curioni CC. Olive Oil Consumption, Risk Factors, and Diseases: An Umbrella Review. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae091. [PMID: 39001794 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Olive oil is a vegetable oil that provides health benefits, including a reduction in free radicals and total cholesterol and prevention of chronic diseases. The escalating incidence of chronic diseases presents a substantial challenge to public health, prompting numerous studies to assess these health-related effects. Despite several systematic reviews and meta-analyses summarizing the association between olive oil consumption and specific health outcomes, there is no summary of the accumulated evidence from these reviews. OBJECTIVE This umbrella review summarizes the evidence on olive oil consumption or intervention in adults and its association with multiple risk factors and diseases. DATA SOURCES We retrieved systematic reviews of randomized trials or observational studies on oral interventions or the consumption of olive oil. The systematic search encompassed databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, and CENTRAL from inception to February 6, 2023. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers conducted data extraction and assessed methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. DATA ANALYSIS Overall, 17 systematic reviews of randomized trials and observational studies, covering outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes, glucose metabolism, inflammatory and oxidative markers, and all-cause mortality, were included. The evidence suggests a beneficial association between olive oil consumption and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality. However, the evidence was less definitive for inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, glucose metabolism, and blood lipid outcomes. Several meta-analyses revealed high heterogeneity and wide confidence intervals, along with a limited number of randomized clinical trials. CONCLUSION Given the high heterogeneity and low quality of evidence, further studies involving randomized trials are imperative. Prioritizing an in-depth analysis of specific olive oil components and using a control group with distinct characteristics and different effects is strongly recommended. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022357290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyrlei R O Fraga
- Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Health, Nutrition Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Lilia Zago
- Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Cintia C Curioni
- Department of Social Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-170, Brazil
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Fogacci F, Giovannini M, Di Micoli A, Fiorini G, Grandi E, Borghi C, Cicero AFG. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial on the Effect of a Dietary Supplement Containing Dry Artichoke and Bergamot Extracts on Metabolic and Vascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Suboptimal Cholesterol Levels. Nutrients 2024; 16:1587. [PMID: 38892519 PMCID: PMC11174436 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether dietary supplementation with a nutraceutical blend comprising extracts of bergamot and artichoke-both standardized in their characteristic polyphenolic fractions-could positively affect serum lipid concentration and insulin sensitivity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and indexes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 90 healthy individuals with suboptimal cholesterol levels. Participants were randomly allocated to treatment with a pill of either active treatment or placebo. After 6 weeks, the active-treated group experienced significant improvements in levels of triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B-100), and apolipoprotein AI (Apo AI) versus baseline. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), and hs-CRP also significantly decreased in the active-treated group compared to both baseline and placebo. At the 12-week follow-up, individuals allocated to the combined nutraceutical experienced a significant improvement in TC, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, TG, Apo B-100, Apo AI, glucose, alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (gGT), hs-CRP, several indexes of NAFLD, and brachial pulse volume (PV) in comparison with baseline. Improvements in TC, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C, TG, fatty liver index (FLI), hs-CRP, and endothelial reactivity were also detected compared to placebo (p < 0.05 for all). Overall, these findings support the use of the tested dietary supplement containing dry extracts of bergamot and artichoke as a safe and effective approach for the prevention and management of a broad spectrum of cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Antonio Di Micoli
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Giulia Fiorini
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Elisa Grandi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.G.); (E.G.); (C.B.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Uniti, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.M.); (G.F.)
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Rizzo M, Colletti A, Penson PE, Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Toth PP, Gouni-Berthold I, Mancini J, Marais D, Moriarty P, Ruscica M, Sahebkar A, Vinereanu D, Cicero AFG, Banach M, Al-Khnifsawi M, Alnouri F, Amar F, Atanasov AG, Bajraktari G, Banach M, Gouni-Berthold I, Bhaskar S, Bielecka-Dąbrowa A, Bjelakovic B, Bruckert E, Bytyçi I, Cafferata A, Ceska R, Cicero AF, Chlebus K, Collet X, Daccord M, Descamps O, Djuric D, Durst R, Ezhov MV, Fras Z, Gaita D, Gouni-Berthold I, Hernandez AV, Jones SR, Jozwiak J, Kakauridze N, Kallel A, Katsiki N, Khera A, Kostner K, Kubilius R, Latkovskis G, John Mancini G, David Marais A, Martin SS, Martinez JA, Mazidi M, Mikhailidis DP, Mirrakhimov E, Miserez AR, Mitchenko O, Mitkovskaya NP, Moriarty PM, Mohammad Nabavi S, Nair D, Panagiotakos DB, Paragh G, Pella D, Penson PE, Petrulioniene Z, Pirro M, Postadzhiyan A, Puri R, Reda A, Reiner Ž, Radenkovic D, Rakowski M, Riadh J, Richter D, Rizzo M, Ruscica M, Sahebkar A, Serban MC, Shehab AM, Shek AB, Sirtori CR, Stefanutti C, Tomasik T, Toth PP, Viigimaa M, Valdivielso P, Vinereanu D, Vohnout B, von Haehling S, Vrablik M, Wong ND, Yeh HI, Zhisheng J, Zirlik A. Nutraceutical approaches to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP). Pharmacol Res 2023; 189:106679. [PMID: 36764041 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a common condition affecting around 10-25% of the general adult population, 15% of children, and even > 50% of individuals who have type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a major cause of liver-related morbidity, and cardiovascular (CV) mortality is a common cause of death. In addition to being the initial step of irreversible alterations of the liver parenchyma causing cirrhosis, about 1/6 of those who develop NASH are at risk also developing CV disease (CVD). More recently the acronym MAFLD (Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease) has been preferred by many European and US specialists, providing a clearer message on the metabolic etiology of the disease. The suggestions for the management of NAFLD are like those recommended by guidelines for CVD prevention. In this context, the general approach is to prescribe physical activity and dietary changes the effect weight loss. Lifestyle change in the NAFLD patient has been supplemented in some by the use of nutraceuticals, but the evidence based for these remains uncertain. The aim of this Position Paper was to summarize the clinical evidence relating to the effect of nutraceuticals on NAFLD-related parameters. Our reading of the data is that whilst many nutraceuticals have been studied in relation to NAFLD, none have sufficient evidence to recommend their routine use; robust trials are required to appropriately address efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 141, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Peter E Penson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece; School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Campus, Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Peter P Toth
- The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA; Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical Center, Sterling, IL, USA
| | - Ioanna Gouni-Berthold
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - John Mancini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David Marais
- Chemical Pathology Division of the Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town Health Science Faculty, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Patrick Moriarty
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- Cardiology Department, University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular disease risk research center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland.
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Lee SB, Choi JE, Park B, Cha MY, Hong KW, Jung DH. Dyslipidaemia-Genotype Interactions with Nutrient Intake and Cerebro-Cardiovascular Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071615. [PMID: 35884923 PMCID: PMC9312854 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of gene-diet interactions is necessary to establish proper dietary guidelines to prevent and manage cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCD). We investigated the role of genetic variants associated with dyslipidaemia (DL) and their interactions with macro-nutrients for cardiovascular disease using a large-scale genome-wide association study of Korean adults. A total of 58,701 participants from a Korean genome and epidemiology study were included. Their dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Dyslipidaemia was defined as total cholesterol (TCHL) ≥ 240 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) < 40 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥ 160 mg/dL, triglycerides (TG) ≥ 200 mg/dL, or dyslipidaemia history. Their nutrient intake was classified as follows: protein intake: high ≥ 30%, 30% > moderate ≥ 20%, and 20% > low in daily total energy intake (TEI); carbohydrate intake: high ≥ 60%, 60% > moderate ≥ 50%, and 50% > low; fat intake: high ≥ 40%, 40% > moderate ≥ 30%, and 30% > low. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated after adjusting for age; sex; body mass index (BMI); exercise status; smoking status; alcohol intake; principal component 1 (PC1); principal component 2 (PC2); and intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. This analysis included 20,596 patients with dyslipidaemia and 1027 CCD patients. We found that rs2070895 related to LIPC was associated with HDL-cholesterol. Patients with the minor allele (A) in rs2070895 had a lower risk of CCD than those carrying the reference allele (G) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.8956, p-value = 1.78 × 10−2). Furthermore, individuals consuming protein below 20% TEI with the LIPC reference allele had a higher risk of CCD than those with the minor allele (interaction p-value 6.12 × 10−3). Our findings suggest that the interactions of specific polymorphisms associated with dyslipidaemia and nutrients intake can influence CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bum Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 22972, Korea;
| | - Ja-Eun Choi
- Department of Healthcare, Theragen Bio Co., Ltd., Daewangpangyo-ro 700, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (J.-E.C.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Byoungjin Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Mi-Yeon Cha
- Department of Healthcare, Theragen Bio Co., Ltd., Daewangpangyo-ro 700, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (J.-E.C.); (M.-Y.C.)
| | - Kyung-Won Hong
- Department of Healthcare, Theragen Bio Co., Ltd., Daewangpangyo-ro 700, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (J.-E.C.); (M.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.-W.H.); (D.-H.J.)
| | - Dong-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.-W.H.); (D.-H.J.)
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Acevedo-León D, Gómez-Abril SÁ, Monzó-Beltrán L, Estañ-Capell N, Arroyo-Montañés R, Bañuls C, Salas-Salvadó J, Sáez G. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Has a Protective Role against Metabolic and DNA Damage Markers in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:499. [PMID: 35326149 PMCID: PMC8944597 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation have been related to colorectal cancer (CRC), but the influence of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on these parameters is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between adherence to the MD and markers of OS and DNA damage in CRC patients and to study the influence of adherence to the MD on metabolic and tumor-related factors. This prospective observational study included a total of 80 patients diagnosed with CRC. Adherence to the MD was estimated by the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) questionnaire. The levels of OS markers (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione system in serum; 8-oxo-7'8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and F2-isoprotanes in urine) and tumor and metabolic factors were determined. A total of 51.2% of our CRC patients showed a high adherence to the MD. These patients presented decreased levels of 8-oxodG, increased GPX and HDL-cholesterol levels, and a downward trend in the GSSG/GSH ratio with respect to patients with low adherence to the MD. In addition, a high adherence to the MD was associated with a lower histological grade of the tumor and a lower presence of synchronous adenomas. We conclude that a high adherence to the MD has a protective role against metabolic and oxidative DNA damage and improves antioxidant systems in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Acevedo-León
- Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (R.A.-M.)
| | - Segundo Ángel Gómez-Abril
- Department of General Surgery and Digestive System, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Lidia Monzó-Beltrán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Health Research Institute, Clinical Hospital of Valencia, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Nuria Estañ-Capell
- Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (R.A.-M.)
| | - Rafael Arroyo-Montañés
- Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (R.A.-M.)
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sáez
- Service of Clinical Analysis, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (R.A.-M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Health Research Institute, Clinical Hospital of Valencia, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
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Guzel K, Ikizek M. Comparison of preoperative and postoperative Lipid Profile changes in obese and morbidly obese patients after mini gastric bypass surgery. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37:1826-1831. [PMID: 34912402 PMCID: PMC8613039 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.7.4123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objective: Obesity has become a serious health problem that has become increasingly important in recent years. Since patients with high levels of obesity have dyslipidemia and an unbalanced lipid profile, they have a high risk of both diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to evaluate the short (3 months) and long term (12 months) effects of mini-gastric bypass surgery from the current bariatric surgical techniques on the lipid profile. Methods: Of the patients undergoing Mini-gastric bypass operation between January 2016 to December 2018 at the General Surgery Clinic of Private Samsun Büyük Anadolu Hospital, demographic data and changes in lipid concentrations at 3 and 12 months were analyzed. Patients were grouped according to age, sex, body mass index (BMI), cardiologic risk groups, bypass lengths, and obesity classes. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol values of the patients were examined at the time of admission to the outpatient clinic before the operation, at the postoperative third month and at the post-operative twelfth-month. Patients who did not go for a checkup during the one-year follow-up and whose data could not be reached or missing were excluded from the study. Results: There was no significant difference in terms of age, sex, and cardiovascular risk (p> 0.05). Although the HDL-C level was initially low (p <0.001), it significantly increased 12 months after surgical treatment (p <0.001). While serum concentrations of LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were high preoperatively, they significantly decreased at 12 months postoperatively (p <0.001). When compared with values in the 3rd- and 12th-month, there was a significant decrease in the class-3 obesity group but not in the class-2 obesity group. When serum HDL cholesterol concentrations were compared with preoperative baseline and postoperative 12th-month those, no statistically-significant difference was found in serum concentrations in the 3rd month, although there was a significant increase in both class 2 and 3 obesity groups. Conclusion: In patients undergoing mini-gastric bypass surgery, serum LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations decreased in the 12th postoperative month, but serum HDL cholesterol concentrations increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerim Guzel
- Dr. Kerim Guzel, Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, 34010 Topkapı, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ikizek
- Mustafa Ikizek, Internal Medicine Clinic, Ankara, Turkey
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Song P, Man Q, Li Y, Jia S, Yu D, Zhang J, Ding G. Association between Dietary Patterns and Low HDL-C among Community-Dwelling Elders in North China. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103308. [PMID: 34684309 PMCID: PMC8537052 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and low HDL-C among the elderly population living in North China. The data were from a national cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015. General information in terms of living habits, health status, and food intake using 24 h dietary recall for three consecutive days was procured, and the weight of edible oil and condiments recorded. Anthropometric index, blood pressure, and fasting serum lipids were measured using standard methods. Dietary patterns were derived from food categories by exploratory factor analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios of low HDL-C across quartiles of dietary patterns. Among 3387 elderly participants, 21.9% had low HDL-C levels. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, participants with highest score versus lowest score in the balanced dietary pattern had a decreased risk of low HDL-C (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16-0.88, p for trend = 0.013) in the group with a BMI of 27.1 kg/m2 and above. Compared to the lowest quartile, there was a statistically significant negative association between the highest scores of the Western dietary pattern and low HDL-C (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.17-0.82, p for trend = 0.018) in the group with a BMI of 21.6-24.8 kg/m2. However, greater adherence to a thrifty dietary pattern (highest quartiles vs. lowest quartiles) was associated with increased risk of low HDL-C (OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.05-10.40, p for trend = 0.044), especially in the subgroup with a BMI of 21.6 kg/m2 and below. The study revealed that it is urgent to develop district-specific dietary improvement plans for dyslipidemia based on the nutritional status of the elderly population in North China.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jian Zhang
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (G.D.); Tel.: +86-10-66237147 (J.Z.); +86-10-66237001 (G.D.)
| | - Gangqiang Ding
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (G.D.); Tel.: +86-10-66237147 (J.Z.); +86-10-66237001 (G.D.)
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Pastor R, Bouzas C, Tur JA. Beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with olive oil, oleic acid, or hydroxytyrosol in metabolic syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:372-385. [PMID: 34153478 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive oil and components might have a beneficial effect on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to assess whether those effects are related to hydroxytyrosol or oleic acid contents, or the combination of them as olive oil, and how powerful is this effect. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE via Pubmed, Web of Science (WOS) core collection, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) via LILACS and IBECS (Spain). MeSH terms used were "obesity", "body weight", "body mass index", "adipose tissue", "lipid metabolism", "LDL", "HDL", "VLDL", "insulin resistance", "glucose", "insulin", "hypertension", "arterial pressure", "olive oil", "oleic acid", and other (non-MeSH) terms: "total antioxidant capacity", "total antioxidant status", "hydroxytyrosol" (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021247614). Results of the included studies were meta-analyzed with the RevMan 5.3 program, assuming a random effects model. RESULTS 76 articles (67 different trials) were identified. Hydroxytyrosol had no effect on MetS [combined standardized mean differences (SMD) = 0.01 (CI 95%: [-0.23, 0.25], I2 = 83%; p = 0.920)]. Oleic acid had no significant beneficial effect on MetS [SMD = 0.03 (CI 95%: [-0.01, 0.07], I2 = 0%); p = 0.150], but it improved lipid profile [SMD = 0.06 (CI 95%: [-0.00, 0.12], I2 = 0%); p = 0. 050]. Olive oil had no effect on MetS [SMD = -0.01 (CI 95%: [-0.05, 0.03]), I2 = 55%; p = 0.550)]. The supplementation with hydroxytyrosol, oleic acid or olive oil showed a beneficial effect on antioxidant capacity related to components of MetS [SMD = 0.31 (CI 95%: [-0.34, 0.95], I2 = 81%)]; p = 0.35). CONCLUSION Most articles compared olive oil and oleic acid with other strategies specially designed for MetS management. Our findings suggest that olive oil or oleic acid consumption are as good as the other strategies to manage MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pastor
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005, Avila, Spain.
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005, Avila, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Villarini M, Acito M, di Vito R, Vannini S, Dominici L, Fatigoni C, Pagiotti R, Moretti M. Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Artichoke Leaf Extracts in Human HT-29 and RKO Colon Cancer Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084166. [PMID: 33920761 PMCID: PMC8071198 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus (L.) Hegi, popularly known as artichoke, is an herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Artichoke leaf extracts (ALEs) have been widely used in traditional medicine because of their hepatoprotective, cholagogic, hypoglycaemic, hypolipemic and antibacterial properties. ALEs are also recognized for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and apoptotic activities, as well as effect on cell growth of ALEs on human colon cancer HT-29 and RKO cells. HT-29 and RKO cells exhibit a different p53 status: RKO cells express the wild-type protein, whereas HT-29 cells express a p53-R273H contact mutant. (2) Methods: Four different ALEs were obtained by sequential extraction of dried artichoke leaves; ALEs were characterized for their content in chlorogenic acid, cynaropicrin, and caffeoylquinic acids. HT-29 and RKO cells were used for in vitro testing (i.e., cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis induction). (3) Results: Two out of the four tested ALEs showed marked effects on cell vitality toward HT-29 and RKO tumour cells. The effect was accompanied by a genotoxic activity exerted at a non-cytotoxic concentrations, by a significant perturbation of cell cycle (i.e., with increase of cells in the sub-G1 phase), and by the induction of apoptosis. (4) Conclusions: ALEs rich in cynaropicrin, caffeoylquinic acids, and chlorogenic acid showed to be capable of affecting HT-29 and RKO colon cancer cells by inducing favourable biological effects: cell cycle perturbation, activation of mitochondrial dependent pathway of apoptosis, and the induction of genotoxic effects probably mediated by the induction of apoptosis. Taken together, these results weigh in favour of a potential cancer chemotherapeutic activity of ALEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Villarini
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.A.); (R.d.V.); (S.V.); (L.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Mattia Acito
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.A.); (R.d.V.); (S.V.); (L.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Raffaella di Vito
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.A.); (R.d.V.); (S.V.); (L.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Samuele Vannini
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.A.); (R.d.V.); (S.V.); (L.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Luca Dominici
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.A.); (R.d.V.); (S.V.); (L.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Cristina Fatigoni
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.A.); (R.d.V.); (S.V.); (L.D.); (C.F.)
| | - Rita Pagiotti
- Unit of Plant Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (M.V.); (M.A.); (R.d.V.); (S.V.); (L.D.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-5857420
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11
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Production of Vegetables and Artichokes Is Associated with Lower Cardiovascular Mortality: An Ecological Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186583. [PMID: 32927601 PMCID: PMC7558224 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), including cerebrovascular disease (CED) and ischaemic heart disease (IHD), was considerably different in eight municipalities of the province of Castellón, Community of Valencia (Spain) during the period of 1991-2011. In addition, these villages showed differences in agricultural practices and production. Since high vegetable consumption has been linked to decreased all-cause, CVD, and CED mortalities, we hypothesized that the diversity in vegetable and artichoke production, used as proxies for their consumption, could be associated with the diversity of mortality rates. In order to test our hypothesis, we estimated the smoothed standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of CVD, CED, and IHD mortalities and a directed, age-adjusted mortality rate (AMR). We used a multilevel linear regression analysis to account for the ecological nature of our study. After adjustment, the CVD and CED SMRs were inversely associated with vegetable and artichoke production, with a reduction in SMRs for CVD: -0.19 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] -0.31 to -0.07) and -0.42 (95% CI -0.70 to -0.15) per hectare/103 inhabitants, respectively. The SMRs for CED also decreased: -0.68 (95% CI -1.61 to -0.19) and -1.47 (95% CI -2.57 to -0.36) per hectare/103 inhabitants, respectively. The SMRs for IHD were not associated with vegetal and artichoke production. When the directed AMR was used, CED mortality was consistent with the previous results, whereas the CVD mortality association was lost. Our results indicate that vegetable and artichoke production may act as protective factors of CED and CVD mortalities.
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12
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Nienov OH, Machado FD, Dias LS, De Carli LA, Schmid H. Effect of Bariatric Surgery on High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol in Non-diabetic Patients with Severe Obesity. Obes Surg 2020; 30:154-160. [PMID: 31377991 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated changes in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) induced by laparoscopic bariatric surgery (BS) in non-diabetic obese subjects with low (L-HDL-C) or normal (N-HDL-C) levels of HDL-C. We assessed whether increased HDL-C is associated with weight loss, serum non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), serum triglycerides (TG), and physical activity (PA) before and 6 and 15 months after BS. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 71 subjects undergoing BS (42 by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 29 by sleeve gastrectomy) were evaluated for the % Excess Weight Loss (%EWL), waist circumference (WC), serum levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, TG, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, and LDL-C, and the degree, time, and energy expenditure related to PA. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess PA. RESULTS Levels of HDL-C significantly increased 15 months after BS (p < 0.001) in subjects with low (p < 0.001) or normal (p = 0.017) values at baseline. A similar %EWL, decrease in WC, glucose, non-HDL-C, and LDL-C levels and increase in energy expenditure related to PA, was observed in both groups (L-HDL-C and N-HDL-C) at 15 months after BS. However, the L-HDL-C group presented greater decrease in TG levels compared with N-HDL-C group (p = 0.004). In subjects with increased HDL-C 15 months after BS, there was an association between this increase and the %EWL (p = 0.030), but there was no association with the change in PA. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of PA after BS, subjects with low and normal HDL-C levels at baseline showed an increase in HDL-C after BS, and this increase was associated with %EWL induced by BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Henrique Nienov
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dapper Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Stefani Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto De Carli
- Centro de Tratamento da Obesidade, Hospital Santa Rita do Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Helena Schmid
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Centro de Tratamento da Obesidade, Hospital Santa Rita do Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Departamento de Medicina Interna, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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13
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Collo A, Ferro A, Belci P, Cerutti F, Rabbone I, Ignaccolo MG, Carletto G, Vallini C, Cadario F, Savastio S, Carrera D, Gruden G, Siliquini R, Traversi D, Durazzo M. Nutritional behavior in Italian and immigrant children. Minerva Pediatr 2019; 71:481-487. [PMID: 31840968 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4946.19.05654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are 1.2 million of immigrant children living in Italy. However, data on their nutritional habits are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional profile in a cohort of both Italian and immigrant children. METHODS The study included 86 children aged 5-15 consecutively enrolled from January 2016 to May 2017 within a larger epidemiological study on determinants of diabetes. Immigrant state was defined on the basis of the parent origin. Data on nutritional profile, frequency of food group consumption, and eating habits were collected using the 24-hour dietary recall method and a questionnaire. Anthropometric parameters were measured. RESULTS In the cohort of immigrant children there was a higher prevalence of both overweight (27.3 vs. 14.1%) and obesity (18.2 vs. 3.1%) subjects and a greater total calorie intake compared to Italian children, mainly due to excess simple carbohydrate intake. Immigrant children had a higher consumption of sweets, snacks, and drinks with added sugar. Moreover, unhealthy habits, such as eating alone and eating while watching TV, were more frequent among immigrant children. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort, immigrant children had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity possibly due to less healthy nutritional habits. Culturally-tailored nutritional interventions may help preventing the development of obesity-related diseases in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Collo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Arianna Ferro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Belci
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Cerutti
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria G Ignaccolo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Carletto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Camilla Vallini
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Cadario
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastio
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Deborah Carrera
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Gabriella Gruden
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Deborah Traversi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marilena Durazzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy -
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Zhang T, Chen J, Tang X, Luo Q, Xu D, Yu B. Interaction between adipocytes and high-density lipoprotein:new insights into the mechanism of obesity-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:223. [PMID: 31842884 PMCID: PMC6913018 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the most common nutritional disorder worldwide and is associated with dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The hallmark of dyslipidemia in obesity is low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Moreover, the quality of HDL is also changed in the obese setting. However, there are still some disputes on the explanations for this phenomenon. There is increasing evidence that adipose tissue, as an energy storage tissue, participates in several metabolism activities, such as hormone secretion and cholesterol efflux. It can influence overall reverse cholesterol transport and plasma HDL-C level. In obesity individuals, the changes in morphology and function of adipose tissue affect plasma HDL-C levels and HDL function, thus, adipose tissue should be the main target for the treatment of HDL metabolism in obesity. In this review, we will summarize the cross-talk between adipocytes and HDL related to cardiovascular disease and focus on the new insights of the potential mechanism underlying obesity and HDL dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bilian Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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Formisano C, Rigano D, Lopatriello A, Sirignano C, Ramaschi G, Arnoldi L, Riva A, Sardone N, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Detailed Phytochemical Characterization of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction (BPF) by UPLC-DAD-MS and LC-NMR. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3159-3167. [PMID: 30807134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bergamot ( Citrus bergamia) is cultivated in Southern Italy almost exclusively to produce the prized essential oil, a top note in several perfumes. The juice of bergamot, until recently poorly studied, is the object of a growing scientific interest due to its claimed activity to treat metabolic syndrome. The aim of this investigation was a detailed characterization of bergamot juice polyphenolic fraction (BPF) based on a UPLC-DAD-MS analysis complemented by preparative chromatographic separations, followed by NMR characterization of the isolated compounds. The combination of these techniques efficiently covered different classes of secondary metabolites, leading to the identification of 39 components, several of which had never been reported from bergamot. One of them, bergamjuicin (35), is a new flavanone glycoside, whose structure has been determined by MS and NMR techniques. The reported results could provide a guide for future routine analyses of BPF, a material of great nutraceutical and industrial interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Formisano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Daniela Rigano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Annalisa Lopatriello
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | - Carmina Sirignano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49 , 80131 Naples , Italy
| | | | - Lolita Arnoldi
- INDENA SpA , Via Don Minzoni 6 , 20090 Settala , Milan , Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- INDENA SpA , Via Don Minzoni 6 , 20090 Settala , Milan , Italy
| | - Nicola Sardone
- INDENA SpA , Via Don Minzoni 6 , 20090 Settala , Milan , Italy
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49 , 80131 Naples , Italy
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Natural Killer Response and Lipo-Metabolic Profile in Adults with Low HDL-Cholesterol and Mild Hypercholesterolemia: Beneficial Effects of Artichoke Leaf Extract Supplementation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2069701. [PMID: 30723511 PMCID: PMC6339758 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2069701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of 60-day artichoke leaf extract (ALE) supplementation (250mg, twice daily) on cytokines levels, natural killer cell (NK) response, and lipo-metabolic profile (HDL, LDL, and total-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), ApoB, ApoA, lipid accumulation product (LAP), glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) in twenty adults (9/11 males/females, age=49.10 ± 13.74 years, and BMI=33.12 ± 5.14 kg/m2) with low HDL-C and mild hypercholesterolemia. Hierarchical generalized linear model, adjusted for sex, BMI, and age, has been used to evaluate pre-post treatment changes. A significant increase for HDL-C (β=0.14, p=0.0008) and MCP-1 (β=144.77, p=0.004) and a significant decrease for ApoB/ApoA (β=-0.07, p=0.03), total-C/HDL-C ratio (β=-0.58, p<0.001), and NK response at stimulus low (β=0.43, p=0.04), medium (β=0.40, p<0.001), and high (β=0.42, p=0.001) have been found. These results support the benefits of ALE supplementation on metabolic profile.
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Conterno L, Martinelli F, Tamburini M, Fava F, Mancini A, Sordo M, Pindo M, Martens S, Masuero D, Vrhovsek U, Dal Lago C, Ferrario G, Morandini M, Tuohy K. Measuring the impact of olive pomace enriched biscuits on the gut microbiota and its metabolic activity in mildly hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:63-81. [PMID: 29124388 PMCID: PMC6424929 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Olive pomace is a major waste product of olive oil production but remains rich in polyphenols and fibres. We measured the potential of an olive pomace-enriched biscuit formulation delivering 17.1 ± 4.01 mg/100 g of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives, to modulate the composition and metabolic activity of the human gut microbiota. METHODS In a double-blind, controlled parallel dietary intervention 62 otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic (total plasma cholesterol 180-240 mg/dl) subjects were randomly assigned to eat 90 g of olive pomace-enriched biscuit (olive-enriched product, OEP) or an isoenergetic control (CTRL) for 8 weeks. Fasted blood samples, 24-h urine and faecal samples were collected before and after dietary intervention for measurement of microbiota, metabolites and clinical parameters. RESULTS Consumption of OEP biscuits did not impact on the diversity of the faecal microbiota and there was no statistically significant effect on CVD markers. A trend towards reduced oxidized LDL cholesterol following OEP ingestion was observed. At the genus level lactobacilli and Ruminococcus were reduced in OEP compared to CTRL biscuits. A trend towards increased bifidobacteria abundance was observed after OEP ingestion in 16S rRNA profiles, by fluorescent in situ hybridization and by qPCR. Targeted LC-MS revealed significant increases phenolic acid concentrations in 24-h urine following OEP ingestion and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid, derivatives of hydroxytyrosol, were elevated in blood. A sex effect was apparent in urine small phenolic acid concentrations, and this sex effect was mirrored by statistically significant differences in relative abundances of faecal bacteria between men and women. CONCLUSION Ingestion of OEP biscuits led to a significant increase in the metabolic output of the gut microbiota with an apparent sex effect possibly linked to differences in microbiota makeup. Increased levels of homovanillic acid and DOPAC, thought to be involved in reducing oxidative LDL cholesterol, were observed upon OEP ingestion. However, OEP did not induce statistically significant changes in either ox-LDL or urinary isoprostane in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Conterno
- OlioCRU s.r.l. Research and Development Group, Via Aldo Moro 1, 38062, Arco, TN, Italy
| | - Francesca Martinelli
- OlioCRU s.r.l. Research and Development Group, Via Aldo Moro 1, 38062, Arco, TN, Italy
| | - Matteo Tamburini
- OlioCRU s.r.l. Research and Development Group, Via Aldo Moro 1, 38062, Arco, TN, Italy
| | - Francesca Fava
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Maddalena Sordo
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Massimo Pindo
- Genomics and Advanced Biology Unit, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Stefan Martens
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Domenico Masuero
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Claudia Dal Lago
- Casa di Cura Eremo di Arco s.r.l., Via XXI Aprile 1, 38062, Arco, TN, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ferrario
- Casa di Cura Eremo di Arco s.r.l., Via XXI Aprile 1, 38062, Arco, TN, Italy
| | - Mario Morandini
- OlioCRU s.r.l. Research and Development Group, Via Aldo Moro 1, 38062, Arco, TN, Italy
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
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Sanchez-Rodriguez E, Lima-Cabello E, Biel-Glesson S, Fernandez-Navarro JR, Calleja MA, Roca M, Espejo-Calvo JA, Gil-Extremera B, Soria-Florido M, de la Torre R, Fito M, Covas MI, Alche JDD, Martinez de Victoria E, Gil A, Mesa MD. Effects of Virgin Olive Oils Differing in Their Bioactive Compound Contents on Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Functional Risk Biomarkers in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2018; 10:E626. [PMID: 29772657 PMCID: PMC5986505 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of virgin olive oils (VOOs) enriched with phenolic compounds and triterpenes on metabolic syndrome and endothelial function biomarkers in healthy adults. The trial was a three-week randomized, crossover, controlled, double-blind, intervention study involving 58 subjects supplemented with a daily dose (30 mL) of three oils: (1) a VOO (124 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes); (2) an optimized VOO (OVOO) (490 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes); and (3) a functional olive oil (FOO) high in phenolic compounds (487 ppm) and enriched with triterpenes (389 ppm). Metabolic syndrome and endothelial function biomarkers were determined in vivo and ex vivo. Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) increased after the OVOO intake. Plasma endothelin-1 levels decreased after the intake of the three olive oils, and in blood cell cultures challenged. Daily intake of VOO enriched in phenolic compounds improved plasma HDLc, although no differences were found at the end of the three interventions, while VOO with at least 124 ppm of phenolic compounds, regardless of the triterpenes content improved the systemic endothelin-1 levels in vivo and ex vivo. No effect of triterpenes was observed after three weeks of interventions. Results need to be confirmed in subjects with metabolic syndrome and impaired endothelial function (Clinical Trials number NCT02520739).
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Elena Lima-Cabello
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Sara Biel-Glesson
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jose R Fernandez-Navarro
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Calleja
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria Roca
- Food Phytochemistry Department, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University Campus Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Juan A Espejo-Calvo
- Instituto para la Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (ICSA), Avenida de la Hispanidad 17, 18320 Santa Fe, Granada, Spain.
| | - Blas Gil-Extremera
- Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria Soria-Florido
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Fito
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria-Isabel Covas
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- NUPROAS Handelsbolag, Nackã, Sweden, NUPROAS HB, Apartado de Correos 93, 17242 Girona, Spain.
| | - Juan de Dios Alche
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Emilio Martinez de Victoria
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria D Mesa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Marques LR, Diniz TA, Antunes BM, Rossi FE, Caperuto EC, Lira FS, Gonçalves DC. Reverse Cholesterol Transport: Molecular Mechanisms and the Non-medical Approach to Enhance HDL Cholesterol. Front Physiol 2018; 9:526. [PMID: 29867567 PMCID: PMC5962737 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia (high concentrations of LDL-c and low concentrations of HDL-c) is a major cause of cardiovascular events, which are the leading cause of death in the world. On the other hand, nutrition and regular exercise can be an interesting strategy to modulate lipid profile, acting as prevention or treatment, inhibiting the risk of diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic characteristics. Additionally, the possibility of controlling different training variables, such as type, intensity and recovery interval, can be used to maximize the benefits of exercise in promoting cardiovascular health. However, the mechanisms by which exercise and nutrients act in the regulation of cholesterol and its fractions, such as reverse cholesterol transport, receptors and transcription factors involved, such as PPARs and their role related to exercise, deserve further discussion. Therefore, the objective of this review is to debate about non-medical approaches to increase HDL-c, such as nutritional and training strategies, and to discuss the central mechanisms involved in the modulation of lipid profile during exercise, as well as that can be controlled by physical trainers or sports specialists in attempt to maximize the benefits promoted by exercise. The search for papers was performed in the databases: Medline (Pubmed), Science Direct, Scopus, Sport Discus, Web of Science, Scielo and Lilacs until February 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro R Marques
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Tiego A Diniz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara M Antunes
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Fabrício E Rossi
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Erico C Caperuto
- Human Movement Laboratory, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio S Lira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Gonçalves
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
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Panahi Y, Kianpour P, Mohtashami R, Atkin SL, Butler AE, Jafari R, Badeli R, Sahebkar A. Efficacy of artichoke leaf extract in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial. Phytother Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Pharmacotherapy Department, School of Pharmacy; Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Parisa Kianpour
- Pharmacotherapy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Reza Mohtashami
- Medicine Quran and Health Research Center; Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Ramezan Jafari
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Roghayeh Badeli
- Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center; Golestan University of Medical Sciences; Gorgan Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
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21
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Ivanov M, Vajic UJ, Mihailovic-Stanojevic N, Miloradovic Z, Jovovic D, Grujic-Milanovic J, Karanovic D, Dekanski D. Highly potent antioxidant Olea europaea L. leaf extract affects carotid and renal haemodynamics in experimental hypertension: The role of oleuropein. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:29-44. [PMID: 29383017 PMCID: PMC5780626 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Haemodynamic alterations in carotid and renal arteries are associated with the severity of target organ damage in patients with hypertension. Dietary habits, such as the Mediterranean diet, regulate blood pressure and oxidative stress, thus reduce the mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the reducing activity, antioxidant capacity and metal chelating ability of standardized Olea europaea L. leaf extract (OLE), and to test its (5, 25, 50 mg/kg) acute in vivo effects, as well as oleuropein's (OP, 10 mg/kg) on oxidative stress, carotid, renal and systemic haemodynamic parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, peripheral resistance) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). OLE has a higher antioxidative capacity than BHT, higher reducing ability than vitamin C, and 23 times lower capacity for metal ion chelation than EDTA. All three doses of OLE, and OP, improved oxidative stress in SHR. OLE5 improved carotid and renal haemodynamics, without significant effects on systemic haemodynamics. Two different mechanisms of antihypertensive responses to OLE were observed, OLE25 was most effective in reducing cardiovascular risks by improving systemic and regional (carotid and renal) haemodynamics, peripheral and regional vascular resistance. OLE50 causes the improvement of blood pressure and cardiac performances, but tends to retain elevated vascular resistance, therefore, reducing the inflow of blood into the brain and kidneys of the SHR. The OP did not alter systemic or regional haemodynamics, suggesting others constituents responsible for changes of cardiac function, as well as carotid and renal haemodynamics in response to OLE50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Ivanov
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, P. O. Box 102, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Una-Jovana Vajic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, P. O. Box 102, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Mihailovic-Stanojevic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, P. O. Box 102, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Miloradovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, P. O. Box 102, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djurdjica Jovovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, P. O. Box 102, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelica Grujic-Milanovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, P. O. Box 102, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Karanovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 4, P. O. Box 102, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Dekanski
- Biomedical Research, R & D Institute, Galenika a.d., Pasterova 2, Belgrade, Serbia
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22
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Mocciaro G, Ziauddeen N, Godos J, Marranzano M, Chan MY, Ray S. Does a Mediterranean-type dietary pattern exert a cardio-protective effect outside the Mediterranean region? A review of current evidence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:524-535. [PMID: 29063806 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1391752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests a beneficial effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on human health. This has led to a rise in studies investigating the role of the MD in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention outside the region of its origin. We aimed to outline the evolving understanding of the MD and to provide an overview of adherence to MD in non-Mediterranean countries and the modulatory effects of MD on CVD biomarkers. Evidence suggest that MD may exert a protective effect on CVD via ameliorating blood lipid profile and blood pressure. A protective effect of MD was found with regard to left ventricular mass but data on carotid intima media thickness and pulse wave velocity are lacking. The paucity of data does not give a clear picture of the health effects of the MD in non-Mediterranean countries, thus larger and well-designed studies on MD outside the Mediterranean countries are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nida Ziauddeen
- a NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health , Cambridge , UK
| | - Justyna Godos
- b Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia" , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Marina Marranzano
- b Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia" , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | | | - Sumantra Ray
- a NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health , Cambridge , UK
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23
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Sahebkar A, Pirro M, Banach M, Mikhailidis DP, Atkin SL, Cicero AFG. Lipid-lowering activity of artichoke extracts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2549-2556. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1332572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
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