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Bumm CV, Schwendicke F, Heck K, Frasheri I, Summer B, Ern C, Heym R, Werner N, Folwaczny M. The Role of Interleukin-8 in the Estimation of Responsiveness to Steps 1 and 2 of Periodontal Therapy. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:1433-1442. [PMID: 39152683 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and total oral fluid (TOF) and the responsiveness to steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-hundred and fifty-nine patients affected by periodontitis received steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy. At baseline, TOF and GCF samples were collected and analysed for IL-8 (Il-8TOF/IL-8GCF) using flow cytometry. Therapy outcomes were relative proportions of residual periodontal pockets (PPD%), pocket closure (PC) rates and pocket probing depth (PPD) reductions; these were associated with IL-8TOF/IL-8GCF. RESULTS High IL-8TOF was significantly associated with higher residual PPD% (p = 0.044) and lower PPD reduction compared to low IL-8TOF (high 0.79 ± 1.20 mm vs. low 1.20 ± 1.20 mm, p < 0.001) in non-smokers, while in smokers high IL-8GCF was related to lower PPD reduction (high 0.62 ± 1.22 mm vs. low 0.84 ± 1.12 mm, p = 0.009). Furthermore, high baseline IL-8TOF was significantly associated with poorer PC rates compared to medium and low concentrations in both non-smokers (high 41% vs. medium 55% vs. low 58%, p < 0.001) and smokers (high 34% vs. medium 44% vs. low 46%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION High IL-8 concentrations at baseline had a significant impact on residual PPD%, PC rates and PPD reduction. The findings suggest that, especially in non-smokers, baseline IL-8 levels collected from the TOF could serve as a component in the estimation of responsiveness to steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar Victor Bumm
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Private Practice, Munich, Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Heck
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Iris Frasheri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Summer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Nils Werner
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Folwaczny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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2
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Machado Kayser J, Petry F, Alijar Souza M, Santin Zanatta Schindler M, Vidor Morgan L, Zimmermann Prado Rodrigues G, Mazon SC, Silva Aguiar GP, Galdino da Rocha Pitta M, da Rocha Pitta I, Leal Xavier L, Girardi Müller L, Gehlen G, Heemann Betti A. Antidepressant effect of PT-31, an α₂-adrenoceptor agonist, on lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Behav Pharmacol 2024; 35:338-350. [PMID: 39051900 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotrophic factors play a key role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). In addition, the attenuation of inflammatory response has been considered a putative mechanism for MDD treatment. PT-31 is an imidazolidine derivative and a putative α₂-adrenoceptor agonist that has previously demonstrated antinociceptive activity. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of PT-31 on depressive-like behavior and lipopolysaccharide-induced neurochemical changes. To this end, mice received intraperitoneally saline or lipopolysaccharide (600 µg/kg), and 5 h postinjection animals were orally treated with saline, PT-31 (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), or fluoxetine (30 mg/kg). Mice were subjected to the open field test (OFT) 6 and 24 h after lipopolysaccharide administration and to the tail suspension test (TST) 24 h postlipopolysaccharide. Subsequently, animals were euthanized, and brains were dissected for neurochemical analyses. The administration of lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness- and depressive-like behaviors, besides promoting an increase in myeloperoxidase activity and a reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Noteworthy, PT-31 3 mg/kg attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced decreased locomotor activity 6 h after lipopolysaccharide in the OFT. All tested doses of PT-31 significantly reduced the immobility time of animals in the TST and attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced increased myeloperoxidase activity in the cortex of mice. Our results demonstrate that PT-31 ameliorates behavioral changes promoted by lipopolysaccharide in OFT and TST, which is possibly mediated by attenuation of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Machado Kayser
- Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
| | - Fernanda Petry
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Maryelen Alijar Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Monica Santin Zanatta Schindler
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Letícia Vidor Morgan
- Pharmacy Course, Health Sciences Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó), Chapecó
| | | | - Samara Cristina Mazon
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Gean Pablo Silva Aguiar
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Marina Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife
| | - Ivan da Rocha Pitta
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Biosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife
| | - Léder Leal Xavier
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Liz Girardi Müller
- Molecular Genetics and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Sciences and Environmental Area, Community University of Chapecó Region (Unochapecó)
| | - Günther Gehlen
- Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Quality, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
| | - Andresa Heemann Betti
- Postgraduate Program in Toxicology and Analytical Toxicology, Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo
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3
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Mousavi S, Hosseini MH, Sarandili S, Nejati B. Myeloperoxidase Deficiency: A Rare Case. Cureus 2024; 16:e63596. [PMID: 39087142 PMCID: PMC11290370 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is found in the lysosomes of monocytes and neutrophils, serving as a crucial component in the elimination of infections through the process of phagocytosis via neutrophils. Consequently, individuals with MPO deficiency exhibit a significantly heightened susceptibility to serious infections and chronic inflammatory diseases. In a clinical case, a 37-year-old Iranian woman presented with a chronic history of bacterial and fungal infections dating back to her childhood. She has no family history of similar diseases and has used antibiotics and antifungal medications. A comprehensive clinical assessment revealed that she is well-nourished and without acute distress, neurological symptoms, or cutaneous manifestations. A complete blood count (CBC) with differential white blood cell (WBC) count showed a decreased number of neutrophils despite normal WBC counts, and peripheral blood smear (PBS) revealed reduced neutrophil granulation, abnormal neutrophil morphology, decreased chromatin condensation, and cytoplasmic hypogranulation. So, the patient was diagnosed with MPO deficiency, a rare condition requiring early diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Mousavi
- Public Health, California State University, Fresno, USA
| | | | | | - Babak Nejati
- Hematology and Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IRN
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4
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Cartwright IM, Zhou L, Koch SD, Welch N, Zakharov D, Callahan R, Steiner CA, Gerich ME, Onyiah JC, Colgan SP. Chlorination of epithelial tight junction proteins by neutrophil myeloperoxidase promotes barrier dysfunction and mucosal inflammation. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e178525. [PMID: 39133648 PMCID: PMC11383587 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.178525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMNs) comprise a major component of the immune cell infiltrate during acute mucosal inflammation and have an important role in molding the inflammatory tissue environment. While PMNs are essential to clearance of invading microbes, the major PMN antimicrobial enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) can also promote bystander tissue damage. We hypothesized that blocking MPO would attenuate acute colitis and prevent the development of chronic colitis by limiting bystander tissue damage. Using the acute and chronic dextran sodium sulfate model of murine colitis, we demonstrated that MPO-deficient mice experienced less inflammation and more rapidly resolved colitis relative to wild-type controls. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that activated MPO disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier function through the dysregulation of the epithelial tight junction proteins. Our findings revealed that activated MPO chlorinates tyrosine within several tight junction proteins, thereby promoting tight junction mislocalization and dysfunction. These observations in cell models and in murine colitis were validated in human intestinal biopsies from individuals with ulcerative colitis and revealed a strong correlation between disease severity (Mayo score) and tissue chlorinated tyrosine levels. In summary, these findings implicate MPO as a viable therapeutic target to limit bystander tissue damage and preserve mucosal barrier function during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Cartwright
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Liheng Zhou
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Samuel D Koch
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nichole Welch
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Daniel Zakharov
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Callahan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Calen A Steiner
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark E Gerich
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joseph C Onyiah
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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5
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Imade O, Ilesanmi BV, Ogunwole GO, Elekofehinti OO, Souza MCO, Barbosa F, Adedire CO, Adeyemi JA. Effects of 2,4-dichlorophenol on non-specific immunity, histopathological lesions, and redox balance in African Catfish, clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:480-495. [PMID: 38591921 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2339538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The toxic effects of 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) on aquatic organisms are well-established; however, the details regarding the mechanisms underlying the toxicity, especially immunotoxicity are poorly understood. Consequently, the aim of this study was to investigate the histopathologic, oxidative stress and immunotoxic effects attributed to exposure to sublethal concentrations of 2,4-DCP in the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Juvenile C. gariepinus were exposed to 0.4, 0.8, or 1.6 mg/L 2, 4-DCP for 28 days after which blood and head kidney were extracted for the determination of various nonspecific innate immune parameters while the liver was excised for histopathology examination and measurement of oxidative stress biomarkers. Control fish were maintained in water spiked 10 µL/L ethanol, representing the solvent control. A significant increase was noted in the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase as well as in levels of lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation in a dose-dependent manner, with higher adverse effects observed at the highest concentration tested (1.6 mg/L). The total white blood cells (WBC) count was significantly elevated in fish exposed to 2,4-DCP compared to control. Myeloperoxidase content was decreased significantly in fish exposed to 2,4-DCP especially at the highest concentration (1.6 mg/L) compared to controls. The respiratory burst activity did not differ markedly amongst groups. Histopathological lesions noted included edema, leucocyte infiltration, and depletion of hemopoietic tissue in the head kidney of exposed fish. There was significant upregulation in the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) but downregulation of major histocompatibility complex 2 (MHC 2) in exposed fish. Data demonstrated that exposure to 2,4-DCP resulted in histopathological lesions, oxidative stress, and compromised immune system in C. gariepinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osayimwen Imade
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Bobola V Ilesanmi
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Germaine O Ogunwole
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Olusola O Elekofehinti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chris O Adedire
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Simão JLS, Prado SV, Pereira AK, Alexandre GP, Pires Gomide NAMT, Matos da Silva M, Almeida DDS, Martins AN, Bueno da Silva DP, Costa EAD, Pasqualotto Severino VG. Dereplication of polar extracts from Croton antisyphiliticus Mart. roots and its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2118-2122. [PMID: 37428005 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2233672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Croton antisyphiliticus Mart. is a plant popularly used in folk medicine by traditional communities from Brazilian savannah to treat general inflammation. According to ethnopharmacological data, this specie can be considered a source of biologically active molecules for the development of new drugs. Thereby, this study reports the results of the dereplication approach of C. antisyphiliticus roots extracts and the in vivo evaluation of its potential antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory in albino Swiss mice. Based on HPLC coupled to Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer and using GNPS, a total of thirteen polyphenolic compounds were noticed, including four compounds that have been reported for the first time in the genus Croton. Ethanolic and aqueous roots extracts demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition for the number of writes, reduced pain induced by formalin and hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan. These extracts also reduced paw edema, cell migration, and myeloperoxidase activity, with effects similar to indomethacin and dexamethasone drugs.
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7
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Gan Q, Chi H, Liang C, Zhang L, Dalmo RA, Sheng X, Tang X, Xing J, Zhan W. Ontogeny of myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive cells in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Mol Immunol 2024; 170:26-34. [PMID: 38603988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils represent an important asset of innate immunity. Neutrophils express myeloperoxidase (MPO) which is a heme-containing peroxidase involved in microbial killing. In this study, by using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis, the flounder MPO (PoMPO) was observed to be highly expressed in the head kidney, followed by spleen, gill, and intestine during ontogeny - during developmental stages from larvae to adults. Furthermore, PoMPO positive cells were present in major immune organs of flounder at all developmental stages, and the number of neutrophils was generally higher as the fish grew to a juvenile stage. In addition, flow cytometry analysis revealed that the proportion of PoMPO positive cells relative to leukocytes, in the peritoneal cavity, head kidney, and peripheral blood of flounder juvenile stage was 18.3 %, 34.8 %, and 6.0 %, respectively, which is similar to the adult stage in flounder as previously reported. The presence and tissue distribution of PoMPO during ontogeny suggests that PoMPO positive cells are indeed a player of the innate immunity at all developmental stages of flounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujie Gan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Chengcheng Liang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Letao Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Roy Ambli Dalmo
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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8
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Aliu C, Ajayi OO, Olawuyi TS, Gbadamosi OK, Barbosa F, Adedire CO, Adeyemi JA. Tissue Accumulation, Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Immunotoxicity in African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Sublethal Concentrations of Hexavalent Chromium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2294-2307. [PMID: 37608130 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) is one of the stable oxidation states of chromium that has been reported to elicit various toxic effects in aquatic organisms. However, the mechanisms of Cr6+ toxicity are still poorly understood. Thus, the present study investigated the tissue accumulation, cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and immunotoxic effects of Cr6+ in juvenile Clarias gariepinus. The fish were exposed to waterborne Cr6+ concentrations (0, 0.42, 0.84, and 1.68 mg/L) for 28 days, after which they were sacrificed and various organs were harvested for the determination of Cr6+ levels. Other parameters that were indicators of oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and immunotoxicity were measured. Cr6+ accumulated more in the kidney and liver of the exposed fish, especially at the highest concentration. The levels of lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation increased significantly in the exposed fish. The activities of superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly in exposed fish compared to the control. The total white blood cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils counts were significantly higher in the exposed fish compared to the control fish. The respiratory burst activity decreased significantly in the exposed fish while the myeloperoxidase content did not differ significantly. There were upregulations of TNF-α and HSP 70 while CYP II and MHC 2 were downregulated in the exposed fish. Also, exposure to Cr6+ resulted in various histopathological alterations in the architecture of the head kidney. The results indicate concentration-dependent toxic effects of Cr6+ in C. gariepinus. The study reveals the potentials of Cr6+ to accumulate in the different tissues of fish and caused cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and immunotoxic effects in the exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Aliu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Ogooluwa O Ajayi
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Toluwase S Olawuyi
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluyemi K Gbadamosi
- Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Cafe´ s/no, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chris O Adedire
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Cafe´ s/no, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Hintermann E, Tondello C, Fuchs S, Bayer M, Pfeilschifter JM, Taubert R, Mollenhauer M, Elferink RPJO, Manns MP, Christen U. Blockade of neutrophil extracellular trap components ameliorates cholestatic liver disease in Mdr2 (Abcb4) knockout mice. J Autoimmun 2024; 146:103229. [PMID: 38653165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an (auto)immune-mediated cholestatic liver disease with a yet unclear etiology. Increasing evidence points to an involvement of neutrophils in chronic liver inflammation and cirrhosis but also liver repair. Here, we investigate the role of the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) component myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the therapeutic potential of DNase I and of neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitor GW311616A on disease outcome in the multidrug resistance 2 knockout (Mdr2-/-) mouse, a PSC animal model. Initially, we observed the recruitment of MPO expressing cells and the formation of NETs in liver biopsies of PSC patients and in Mdr2-/- livers. Furthermore, sera of Mdr2-/- mice contained perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA)-like reactivity similar to PSC patient sera. Also, hepatic NE activity was significantly higher in Mdr2-/- mice than in wild type littermates. Flow cytometry analyses revealed that during disease development a highly active neutrophil subpopulation established specifically in the liver of Mdr2-/- mice. However, absence of their MPO activity, as in MPO-deficient Mdr2-/- mice, showed no effect on hepatobiliary disease severity. In contrast, clearance of extracellular DNA by DNase I reduced the frequency of liver-resident neutrophils, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and CD103+ conventional DCs and decreased cholangiocyte injury. Combination of DNase I with a pDC-depleting antibody was additionally hepatocyte-protective. Most importantly, GW311616A, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of human NE, attenuated hepatobiliary injury in a TNFα-dependent manner and damped hyperproliferation of biliary epithelial cells. Further, hepatic immigration and activity of CD11b+ DCs as well as the secretion of IFNγ by hepatic CD4 and CD8 T cells were reduced. Our findings delineate neutrophils as important participants in the immune cell crosstalk that drives cholestatic liver disease and identify NET components as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Hintermann
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt / ZAFES, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Camilla Tondello
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt / ZAFES, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sina Fuchs
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt / ZAFES, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Monika Bayer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt / ZAFES, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Josef M Pfeilschifter
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt / ZAFES, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Richard Taubert
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Martin Mollenhauer
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland P J Oude Elferink
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Urs Christen
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt / ZAFES, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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10
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Grayson KA, Greenlee JD, Himmel LE, Hapach LA, Reinhart-King CA, King MR. Spatial distribution of tumor-associated macrophages in an orthotopic prostate cancer mouse model. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611586. [PMID: 38689823 PMCID: PMC11058651 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that the immune landscape within prostate tumors influences progression, metastasis, treatment response, and patient outcomes. In this study, we investigated the spatial density of innate immune cell populations within NOD.SCID orthotopic prostate cancer xenografts following microinjection of human DU145 prostate cancer cells. Our laboratory has previously developed nanoscale liposomes that attach to leukocytes via conjugated E-selectin (ES) and kill cancer cells via TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed on tumor samples to identify and quantify leukocyte infiltration for different periods of tumor growth and E-selectin/TRAIL (EST) liposome treatments. We examined the spatial-temporal dynamics of three different immune cell types infiltrating tumors using QuPath image analysis software. IHC staining revealed that F4/80+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were the most abundant immune cells in all groups, irrespective of time or treatment. The density of TAMs decreased over the course of tumor growth and decreased in response to EST liposome treatments. Intratumoral versus marginal analysis showed a greater presence of TAMs in the marginal regions at 3 weeks of tumor growth which became more evenly distributed over time and in tumors treated with EST liposomes. TUNEL staining indicated that EST liposomes significantly increased cell apoptosis in treated tumors. Additionally, confocal microscopy identified liposome-coated TAMs in both the core and periphery of tumors, highlighting the ability of liposomes to infiltrate tumors by "piggybacking" on macrophages. The results of this study indicate that TAMs represent the majority of innate immune cells within NOD.SCID orthotopic prostate tumors, and spatial density varies widely as a function of tumor size, duration of tumor growth, and treatment of EST liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korie A. Grayson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Joshua D. Greenlee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Lauren E. Himmel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Translational Pathology Shared Resource, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Lauren A. Hapach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Michael R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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11
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Wang M, Jin Z, Huang H, Cheng X, Zhang Q, Tang Y, Zhu X, Zong Z, Li H, Ning Z. Neutrophil hitchhiking: Riding the drug delivery wave to treat diseases. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22169. [PMID: 38477422 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are a crucial component of the innate immune system and play a pivotal role in various physiological processes. From a physical perspective, hitchhiking is considered a phenomenon of efficient transportation. The combination of neutrophils and hitchhikers has given rise to effective delivery systems both in vivo and in vitro, thus neutrophils hitchhiking become a novel approach to disease treatment. This article provides an overview of the innovative and feasible application of neutrophils as drug carriers. It explores the mechanisms underlying neutrophil function, elucidates the mechanism of drug delivery mediated by neutrophil-hitchhiking, and discusses the potential applications of this strategy in the treatment of cancer, immune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and other medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Wang
- Department of Day Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhenhua Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xifu Cheng
- Department of Day Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Day Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- Department of Day Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhikun Ning
- Department of Day Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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12
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Liu X, Zhang C, Ren J, Deng G, Xu X, Liu J, Gao X, Li R, Li J, Wang G. The Causal Relationship between Plasma Myeloperoxidase Levels and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:6626706. [PMID: 38576857 PMCID: PMC10994701 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6626706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational researches reported the underlying correlation of plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration with respiratory tract infections (RTIs), but their causality remained unclear. Here, we examined the cause-effect relation between plasma MPO levels and RTIs. Materials and Methods Datasets of plasma MPO levels were from the Folkersen et al. study (n = 21,758) and INTERVAL study (n = 3,301). Summarized data for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) (2,795 cases and 483,689 controls) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) (585 cases and 430,780 controls) were from the UK Biobank database. The primary method for Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was the inverse variance weighted approach, with MR-Egger and weighted median methods as supplements. Cochrane's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outliers global test, funnel plots, and leave-one-out analysis were used for sensitivity analysis. Results We found that plasma MPO levels were positively associated with URTI (odds ratio (OR) = 1.135; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.011-1.274; P=0.032) and LRTI (ICU) (OR = 1.323; 95% CI = 1.006-1.739; P=0.045). The consistent impact direction is shown when additional plasma MPO level genome-wide association study datasets are used (URTI: OR = 1.158; 95% CI = 1.072-1.251; P < 0.001; LRTI (ICU): OR = 1.216; 95% CI = 1.020-1.450; P=0.030). There was no evidence of a causal effect of URTI and LRTI (ICU) on plasma MPO concentration in the reverse analysis (P > 0.050). The sensitivity analysis revealed no violations of MR presumptions. Conclusions Plasma MPO levels may causally affect the risks of URTI and LRTI (ICU). In contrast, the causal role of URTI and LRTI (ICU) on plasma MPO concentration was not supported in our MR analysis. Further studies are needed to identify the relationship between RTIs and plasma MPO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajia Ren
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guorong Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jueheng Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoming Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruohan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
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13
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Grüning NM, Ralser M. Monogenic Disorders of ROS Production and the Primary Anti-Oxidative Defense. Biomolecules 2024; 14:206. [PMID: 38397443 PMCID: PMC10887155 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the cellular anti-oxidant defense mechanisms, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Redox metabolism, comprising a network of enzymes and genes, serves as a crucial regulator of ROS levels and maintains cellular homeostasis. This review provides an overview of the most important human genes encoding for proteins involved in ROS generation, ROS detoxification, and production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and the genetic disorders that lead to dysregulation of these vital processes. Insights gained from studies on inherited monogenic metabolic diseases provide valuable basic understanding of redox metabolism and signaling, and they also help to unravel the underlying pathomechanisms that contribute to prevalent chronic disorders like cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana-Maria Grüning
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Lin W, Chen H, Chen X, Guo C. The Roles of Neutrophil-Derived Myeloperoxidase (MPO) in Diseases: The New Progress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:132. [PMID: 38275657 PMCID: PMC10812636 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a heme-containing peroxidase, mainly expressed in neutrophils and, to a lesser extent, in monocytes. MPO is known to have a broad bactericidal ability via catalyzing the reaction of Cl- with H2O2 to produce a strong oxidant, hypochlorous acid (HOCl). However, the overproduction of MPO-derived oxidants has drawn attention to its detrimental role, especially in diseases characterized by acute or chronic inflammation. Broadly speaking, MPO and its derived oxidants are involved in the pathological processes of diseases mainly through the oxidation of biomolecules, which promotes inflammation and oxidative stress. Meanwhile, some researchers found that MPO deficiency or using MPO inhibitors could attenuate inflammation and tissue injuries. Taken together, MPO might be a promising target for both prognostic and therapeutic interventions. Therefore, understanding the role of MPO in the progress of various diseases is of great value. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the diverse roles of MPO in the progression of several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, renal diseases, and lung diseases (including COVID-19). This information serves as a valuable reference for subsequent mechanistic research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Huili Chen
- Center of System Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Xijing Chen
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Chaorui Guo
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
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15
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Rong N, Wei X, Liu J. The Role of Neutrophil in COVID-19: Positive or Negative. J Innate Immun 2024; 16:80-95. [PMID: 38224674 PMCID: PMC10861219 DOI: 10.1159/000535541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils are the first line of defense against pathogens. They are divided into multiple subpopulations during development and kill pathogens through various mechanisms. Neutrophils are considered one of the markers of severe COVID-19. SUMMARY In-depth research has revealed that neutrophil subpopulations have multiple complex functions. Different subsets of neutrophils play an important role in the progression of COVID-19. KEY MESSAGES In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the developmental processes of neutrophils at different stages and their recruitment and activation after SARS-CoV-2 infection, aiming to elucidate the changes in neutrophil subpopulations, characteristics, and functions after infection and provide a reference for mechanistic research on neutrophil subpopulations in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, we have also summarized research progress on potential targeted drugs for neutrophil immunotherapy, hoping to provide information that aids the development of therapeutic drugs for the clinical treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Rong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangning Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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16
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Haller N, Reichel T, Zimmer P, Behringer M, Wahl P, Stöggl T, Krüger K, Simon P. Blood-Based Biomarkers for Managing Workload in Athletes: Perspectives for Research on Emerging Biomarkers. Sports Med 2023; 53:2039-2053. [PMID: 37341908 PMCID: PMC10587296 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
At present, various blood-based biomarkers have found their applications in the field of sports medicine. This current opinion addresses biomarkers that warrant consideration in future research for monitoring the athlete training load. In this regard, we identified a variety of emerging load-sensitive biomarkers, e.g., cytokines (such as IL-6), chaperones (such as heat shock proteins) or enzymes (such as myeloperoxidase) that could improve future athlete load monitoring as they have shown meaningful increases in acute and chronic exercise settings. In some cases, they have even been linked to training status or performance characteristics. However, many of these markers have not been extensively studied and the cost and effort of measuring these parameters are still high, making them inconvenient for practitioners so far. We therefore outline strategies to improve knowledge of acute and chronic biomarker responses, including ideas for standardized study settings. In addition, we emphasize the need for methodological advances such as the development of minimally invasive point-of-care devices as well as statistical aspects related to the evaluation of these monitoring tools to make biomarkers suitable for regular load monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Haller
- Department of Sports Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Reichel
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Division of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Behringer
- Department of Sports Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Wahl
- Department of Exercise Physiology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Stöggl
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Red Bull Athlete Performance Center, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sports Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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17
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Sundqvist M, Christenson K, Wekell P, Björnsdottir H, Dahlstrand Rudin A, Sanchez Klose FP, Kallinich T, Welin A, Björkman L, Bylund J, Karlsson-Bengtsson A, Berg S. Severe chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis in combination with total MPO deficiency and responsiveness to TNFα inhibition. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1233101. [PMID: 37954595 PMCID: PMC10637399 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a female patient suffering from severe chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) with systemic inflammation and advanced malnutrition and complete deficiency of myeloperoxidase (MPO). CNO is a rare autoinflammatory bone disorder associated with dysregulation of the innate immune system. MPO deficiency is a genetic disorder with partial or complete absence of the phagocyte peroxidase MPO. MPO deficiency has no established clinical phenotype but reports indicate increased susceptibility to infection and chronic inflammation. The patient's symptoms began at 10 years of age with pain in the thighs, systemic inflammation and malnutrition. She was diagnosed with CNO at 14 years of age. Treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, bisphosphonates or IL1-receptor antagonists (anakinra) did not relieve the symptoms. However, the patient responded instantly and recovered from her clinical symptoms when treated with TNFα blockade (adalimumab). Three years after treatment initiation adalimumab was withdrawn, resulting in rapid symptom recurrence. When reintroducing adalimumab, the patient promptly responded and went into remission. In addition to clinical and laboratory profiles, neutrophil functions (reactive oxygen species, ROS; neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs; degranulation; apoptosis; elastase activity) were investigated both in a highly inflammatory state (without treatment) and in remission (on treatment). At diagnosis, neither IL1β, IL6, nor TNFα was significantly elevated in serum, but since TNFα blockade terminated the inflammatory symptoms, the disease was likely TNFα-driven. All neutrophil parameters were normal both during treatment and treatment withdrawal, except for MPO-dependent intracellular ROS- and NET formation. The role of total MPO deficiency for disease etiology and severity is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Christenson
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Wekell
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, NU Hospital Group, Uddevalla, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Halla Björnsdottir
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Agnes Dahlstrand Rudin
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Felix P. Sanchez Klose
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tilmann Kallinich
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amanda Welin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lena Björkman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Unit of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Bylund
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson-Bengtsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Sikora JP, Karawani J, Sobczak J. Neutrophils and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13469. [PMID: 37686271 PMCID: PMC10488036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We are not entirely able to understand, assess, and modulate the functioning of the immune system in clinical situations that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. In the search for diagnostic and treatment strategies (which are still far from perfect), it became very important to study the pathogenesis and participation of endogenous inflammation mediators. This study attempts to more precisely establish the role of neutrophils in individual phenomena occurring during an inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reaction, taking into account their cidal, immunoregulatory, and reparative abilities. Pro- and anticoagulatory properties of endothelium in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are emphasised, along with the resulting clinical implications (the application of immunotherapy using mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) or IL-6 antagonists in sepsis and COVID-19 treatment, among others). Special attention is paid to reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by neutrophils activated during "respiratory burst" in the course of SIRS; the protective and pathogenic role of these endogenous mediators is highlighted. Moreover, clinically useful biomarkers of SIRS (neutrophil extracellular traps, cell-free DNA, DAMP, TREMs, NGAL, miRNA, selected cytokines, ROS, and recognised markers of endothelial damage from the group of adhesins by means of immunohistochemical techniques) related to the neutrophils are presented, and their role in the diagnosing and forecasting of sepsis, burn disease, and COVID-19 is emphasised. Finally, examples of immunomodulation of sepsis and antioxidative thermal injury therapy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz P. Sikora
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, 2nd Chair of Paediatrics, Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Sporna 36/50, 91-738 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Jakub Karawani
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, ul. Świeradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Sobczak
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, 2nd Chair of Paediatrics, Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Sporna 36/50, 91-738 Łódź, Poland;
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Lindleya 6, 90-131 Łódź, Poland
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19
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Cosic-Mujkanovic N, Valadez-Cosmes P, Maitz K, Lueger A, Mihalic ZN, Runtsch MC, Kienzl M, Davies MJ, Chuang CY, Heinemann A, Schicho R, Marsche G, Kargl J. Myeloperoxidase Alters Lung Cancer Cell Function to Benefit Their Survival. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1587. [PMID: 37627581 PMCID: PMC10451743 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a neutrophil-derived enzyme that has been recently associated with tumour development. However, the mechanisms by which this enzyme exerts its functions remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether myeloperoxidase can alter the function of A549 human lung cancer cells. We observed that MPO promoted the proliferation of cancer cells and inhibited their apoptosis. Additionally, it increased the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK. MPO was rapidly bound to and internalized by A549 cells, retaining its enzymatic activity. Furthermore, MPO partially translocated into the nucleus and was detected in the chromatin-enriched fraction. Effects of MPO on cancer cell function could be reduced when MPO uptake was blocked with heparin or upon inhibition of the enzymatic activity with the MPO inhibitor 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (4-ABAH). Lastly, we have shown that tumour-bearing mice treated with 4-ABAH had reduced tumour burden when compared to control mice. Our results highlight the role of MPO as a neutrophil-derived enzyme that can alter the function of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejra Cosic-Mujkanovic
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Paulina Valadez-Cosmes
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Maitz
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Lueger
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Zala N. Mihalic
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marah C. Runtsch
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Kienzl
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael J. Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine Y. Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Schicho
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Kargl
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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20
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Michailidou D, Johansson L, Kuley R, Wang T, Hermanson P, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, Lood C. Immune complex-mediated neutrophil activation in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:2880-2886. [PMID: 36562570 PMCID: PMC10393430 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neutrophils are important in host defence. However, neutrophils are also linked to inflammation and organ damage. The purpose of this study was to assess whether markers of neutrophil activation are increased in PMR. METHODS Levels of immune complexes (IC), calprotectin and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were measured in plasma of healthy individuals (n = 30) and patients with PMR (n = 60), at flare and upon treatment with glucocorticoids using ELISA. Plasma-mediated neutrophil activation was assessed in presence of an FcγRIIA inhibitory antibody (IV.3). RESULTS Plasma levels of calprotectin and NETs were elevated in PMR (P < 0.001). Mechanistically, neutrophil activation was driven by ICs, present in plasma, able to up-regulate neutrophil activation markers CD66b and CD11b (P < 0.0001) in an FcγRIIA-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Of note, circulating levels of IC correlated with plasma induced CD66b and CD11b (r = 0.51, P = 0.004, and r = 0.46, P = 0.01, respectively) and decreased after glucocorticoid therapy. In contrast to NETs, calprotectin significantly decreased after glucocorticoid therapy (P < 0.001) and was higher in PMR without overlapping GCA compared with patients with overlapping disease (P = 0.014). Interestingly, musculoskeletal involvement was associated with elevated levels of calprotectin before initiation of glucocorticoid therapy (P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Neutrophil activation, including NET formation, is increased in PMR, through IC-mediated engagement of FcγRIIA. Clinically, neutrophil activation is associated with musculoskeletal involvement, with calprotectin, but not NETs, being a biomarker of treatment response in PMR patients. In all, IC-mediated neutrophil activation is a central process in PMR pathogenesis identifying potential novel therapeutic targets (FcγRIIA), as well as soluble markers for disease monitoring (calprotectin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Michailidou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Linda Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Runa Kuley
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center of Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ting Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Payton Hermanson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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21
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Dang AT, Begka C, Pattaroni C, Caley LR, Floto RA, Peckham DG, Marsland BJ. Butyrate regulates neutrophil homeostasis and impairs early antimicrobial activity in the lung. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:476-485. [PMID: 37178819 PMCID: PMC10412508 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites that are produced after microbial fermentation of dietary fiber and impact cell metabolism and anti-inflammatory pathways both locally in the gut and systemically. In preclinical models, administration of SCFAs, such as butyrate, ameliorates a range of inflammatory disease models including allergic airway inflammation, atopic dermatitis, and influenza infection. Here we report the effect of butyrate on a bacteria-induced acute neutrophil-driven immune response in the airways. Butyrate impacted discrete aspects of hematopoiesis in the bone marrow resulting in the accumulation of immature neutrophils. During Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, butyrate treatment led to the enhanced mobilization of neutrophils to the lungs as a result of increased CXCL2 expression by lung macrophages. Despite this increase in granulocyte numbers and their enhanced phagocytic capacity, neutrophils failed to control early bacterial growth. Butyrate reduced the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, oxidase complex components required for reactive oxygen species production, and reduced secondary granule enzymes, culminating in impaired bactericidal activity. These data reveal that SCFAs tune neutrophil maturation and effector function in the bone marrow under homeostatic conditions, potentially to mitigate against excessive granulocyte-driven immunopathology, but their consequently restricted bactericidal capacity impairs early control of Pseudomonas infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Thu Dang
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christina Begka
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Céline Pattaroni
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura R Caley
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - R Andres Floto
- University of Cambridge, Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel G Peckham
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom; Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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22
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Zhao Y, Zhang H, Zhang Q, Tao H. Research Progress of Neutrophil-Mediated Drug Delivery Strategies for Inflammation-Related Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1881. [PMID: 37514067 PMCID: PMC10384340 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most abundant white blood cells in humans, neutrophils play a key role in acute and chronic inflammation, suggesting that these cells are a key component of targeted therapies for various inflammation-related diseases. Specific enzyme-responsive or specific ligand-modified polymer nanoparticles are beneficial for improving drug efficacy, reducing toxicity, and enhancing focal site retention. However, there remain significant challenges in biomedical applications of these synthetic polymer nanoparticles, mainly due to their rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. In recent years, biomimetic drug delivery systems such as neutrophils acting directly as drug carriers or neutrophil-membrane-coated nanoparticles have received increasing attention due to the natural advantages of neutrophils. Thus, neutrophil-targeted, neutrophil-assisted, or neutrophil-coated nanoparticles exhibit a prolonged blood circulation time and improved accumulation at the site of inflammation. Despite recent advancements, further clinical research must be performed to evaluate neutrophil-based delivery systems for future biomedical application in the diagnosis and treatment of related inflammatory diseases. In this review, we have summarized new exciting developments and challenges in neutrophil-mediated drug delivery strategies for treating inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, 96602 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Kunming 650233, China
| | - Haigang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qixiong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Innovation Center of Advanced Pharmaceutical & Artificial Intelligence, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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23
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Voss GT, Davies MJ, Schiesser CH, de Oliveira RL, Nornberg AB, Soares VR, Barcellos AM, Luchese C, Fajardo AR, Wilhelm EA. Treating atopic-dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice with gelatin-alginate films containing 1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-d-talitol (SeTal). Int J Pharm 2023:123174. [PMID: 37364783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
New compounds and pharmacological strategies offer alternatives for treating chronic skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Here, we investigated the incorporation of 1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-d-talitol (SeTal), a bioactive seleno-organic compound, in gelatin and alginate (Gel-Alg) polymeric films as a strategy for improving the treatment and attenuation of AD-like symptoms in a mice model. Hydrocortisone (HC) or vitamin C (VitC) were incorporated with SeTal in the Gel-Alg films, and their synergy was investigated. All the prepared film samples were able to retain and release SeTal in a controlled manner. In addition, appreciable film handling facilitates SeTal administration. A series of in-vivo/ex-vivo experiments were performed using mice sensitized with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), which induces AD-like symptoms. Long-term topical application of the loaded Gel-Alg films attenuated disease symptoms and pruritus, with suppression of the levels of inflammatory markers, oxidative damage, and the skin lesions associated with AD. Moreover, the loaded films showed superior efficiency in attenuating the analyzed symptoms when compared to hydrocortisone (HC) cream, a traditional AD-treatment, and decreased the inherent drawbacks of this compound. In short, incorporating SeTal (by itself or with HC or VitC) in biopolymeric films provides a promising alternative for the long-term treatment of AD-type skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme T Voss
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Seleno Therapeutics Pty. Ltd., Brighton East, VIC, 3187, Australia
| | - Carl H Schiesser
- Seleno Therapeutics Pty. Ltd., Brighton East, VIC, 3187, Australia
| | - Renata L de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Andresa B Nornberg
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Victória R Soares
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Angelita M Barcellos
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil
| | - André R Fajardo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.
| | - Ethel A Wilhelm
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900, Pelotas-RS, Brazil.
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24
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Nieto-Veloza A, Hong S, Reeder M, Sula MJ, D'Souza DH, Zhong Q, Dia VP. Lunasin reduces the susceptibility of IL-10 deficient mice to inflammatory bowel disease and modulates the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. J Nutr Biochem 2023:109383. [PMID: 37209953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that can cause severe damage to the gastrointestinal tract leading to lower quality of life and productivity. Our goal was to investigate the protective effect of the soy peptide lunasin in an in vivo model of susceptibility to IBD and to identify the potential mechanism of action in vitro. In IL-10 deficient mice, oral administration of lunasin reduced the number and frequency of mice exhibiting macroscopic signs of susceptibility to inflammation and significantly decreased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 by up to 95%, 90%, 90%, and 47%, respectively, in different sections of the small and large intestines. Dose-dependent decrease of caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in LPS-primed and ATP-activated THP-1 human macrophages demonstrated the ability of lunasin to modulate the NLRP3 inflammasome. We demonstrated that lunasin can decrease susceptibility to IBD in genetically susceptible mice by exerting anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nieto-Veloza
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, 2510 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Shan Hong
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, 2510 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Matthew Reeder
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, 2510 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Mee-Ja Sula
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Doris H D'Souza
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, 2510 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, 2510 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Vermont P Dia
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, 2510 River Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
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25
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Mañucat-Tan NB, Chowdhury A, Cataldi R, Abdullah RZ, Kumita JR, Wyatt AR. Hypochlorite-induced oxidation promotes aggregation and reduces toxicity of amyloid beta 1-42. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102736. [PMID: 37216700 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exacerbated hypochlorite (OCl-) production is linked to neurodegenerative processes, but there is growing evidence that lower levels of hypochlorite activity are important to protein homeostasis. In this study we characterise the effects of hypochlorite on the aggregation and toxicity of amyloid beta peptide 1-42 (Aβ1-42), a major component of amyloid plaques that form in the brain in Alzheimer's disease. Our results demonstrate that treatment with hypochlorite promotes the formation of Aβ1-42 assemblies ≥100 kDa that have reduced surface exposed hydrophobicity compared to the untreated peptide. This effect is the result of the oxidation of Aβ1-42 at a single site as determined by mass spectrometry analysis. Although treatment with hypochlorite promotes the aggregation of Aβ1-42, the solubility of the peptide is enhanced and amyloid fibril formation is inhibited as assessed by filter trap assay, thioflavin T assay and transmission electron microscopy. The results of in vitro assays using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells show that pre-treatment of Aβ1-42 with a sub-stoichiometric amount of hypochlorite substantially reduces its toxicity. The results of flow cytometry analysis and internalisation assays indicate that hypochlorite-induced modification of Aβ1-42 reduces its toxicity via at least two-distinct mechanism, reducing the total binding of Aβ1-42 to the surface of cells and facilitating the cell surface clearance of Aβ1-42 to lysosomes. Our data is consistent with a model in which tightly regulated production of hypochlorite in the brain is protective against Aβ-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noralyn B Mañucat-Tan
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia, 5048
| | - Ashfaq Chowdhury
- Yusef Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rodrigo Cataldi
- Yusef Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rafaa Zeineddine Abdullah
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia, 2500
| | - Janet R Kumita
- Yusef Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK; Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.
| | - Amy R Wyatt
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia, 5048.
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26
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Santos-Rebouças CB, Piergiorge RM, Dos Santos Ferreira C, Seixas Zeitel RD, Gerber AL, Rodrigues MCF, Guimarães APDC, Silva RM, Fonseca AR, Souza RC, de Souza ATAM, Rossi ÁD, Porto LCDMS, Cardoso CC, de Vasconcelos ATR. Host genetic susceptibility underlying SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Brazilian Children. Mol Med 2022; 28:153. [PMID: 36510129 PMCID: PMC9742658 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a life-threatening complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which manifests as a hyper inflammatory process with multiorgan involvement in predominantly healthy children in the weeks following mild or asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, host monogenic predisposing factors to MIS-C remain elusive. METHODS Herein, we used whole exome sequencing (WES) on 16 MIS-C Brazilian patients to identify single nucleotide/InDels variants as predisposition factors associated with MIS-C. RESULTS We identified ten very rare variants in eight genes (FREM1, MPO, POLG, C6, C9, ABCA4, ABCC6, and BSCL2) as the most promising candidates to be related to a higher risk of MIS-C development. These variants may propitiate a less effective immune response to infection or trigger the inflammatory response or yet a delayed hyperimmune response to SARS-CoV-2. Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) among the products of the mutated genes revealed an integrated network, enriched for immune and inflammatory response mechanisms with some of the direct partners representing gene products previously associated with MIS-C and Kawasaki disease (KD). In addition, the PPIs direct partners are also enriched for COVID-19-related gene sets. HLA alleles prediction from WES data allowed the identification of at least one risk allele in 100% of the MIS-C patients. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to explore host MIS-C-associated variants in a Latin American admixed population. Besides expanding the spectrum of MIS-C-associated variants, our findings highlight the relevance of using WES for characterising the genetic interindividual variability associated with COVID-19 complications and ratify the presence of overlapping/convergent mechanisms among MIS-C, KD and COVID-19, crucial for future therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Barros Santos-Rebouças
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mina Piergiorge
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristina Dos Santos Ferreira
- Laboratório de Bioinformática - LABINFO, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, LNCC/MCTIC, Getúlio Vargas, Av., 333, Quitandinha, Zip Code: 25651‑075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Seixas Zeitel
- UTI Pediátrica, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Lehmkuhl Gerber
- Laboratório de Bioinformática - LABINFO, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, LNCC/MCTIC, Getúlio Vargas, Av., 333, Quitandinha, Zip Code: 25651‑075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Cristine Felix Rodrigues
- Serviço de Reumatologia Pediátrica, Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira - IPPMG, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Campos Guimarães
- Laboratório de Bioinformática - LABINFO, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, LNCC/MCTIC, Getúlio Vargas, Av., 333, Quitandinha, Zip Code: 25651‑075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Moulin Silva
- UTI Pediátrica, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Rodrigues Fonseca
- Serviço de Reumatologia Pediátrica, Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira - IPPMG, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rangel Celso Souza
- Laboratório de Bioinformática - LABINFO, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, LNCC/MCTIC, Getúlio Vargas, Av., 333, Quitandinha, Zip Code: 25651‑075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Átila Duque Rossi
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Cynthia Chester Cardoso
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Bioinformática - LABINFO, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, LNCC/MCTIC, Getúlio Vargas, Av., 333, Quitandinha, Zip Code: 25651‑075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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27
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Gao F, Niu Y, Sun L, Li W, Xia H, Zhang Y, Geng S, Guo Z, Lin H, Du G. Integrating network pharmacology and transcriptomic validation to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Mufangji decoction preventing lung cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115573. [PMID: 35917893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mufangji decoction (MFJD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine formula in Synopsis of Golden Chamber (Jingui yaolue), has been utilized to treat cough and asthma and release chest pain over 2000 years in China. Chinese old herbalist doctor use MFJD to treat lung cancer and cancerous pleural fluid, but the preventive effect of MFJD on lung cancer and the underlying mechanism are indefinite. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this study is to explore the efficacy and mechanism of Mufangji decoction preventing lung cancer referring to the traditional use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor allograft experiment and host versus tumor experiment were used to observe the direct anti-tumor effect and indirect anti-tumor immune effect, the mouse lung carcinogenic model was used to evaluate the dose-response and the preventive effect of MFJD on lung cancer. The active ingredients of MFJD were obtained by UPLC-MS/MS. The potential targets of MFJD were screened by network pharmacology and transcriptomics. The therapeutic targets and pathways of MFJD on lung cancer were obtained by protein-protein interaction, molecular docking and David database. The predicted results were verified in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS MFJD could significantly prevent tumor growth in host versus tumor experiment but could not in tumor allograft experiment, indicating an anti-tumor immune effect against lung cancer. MFJD could reduce lung nodules with a dose-response in mouse lung carcinogenic model. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was selected as the core target due to the highest degree value in Protein-Protein interaction network and had potently binding activity to sinomenine and dehydrocostus lactone in molecular docking. In vivo, MPO-expressed neutrophils are negatively correlated with lung cancer progression and MFJD could promote the neutrophil-related immune surveillance. In vitro, sinomenine and dehydrocostus lactone could promote neutrophil phagocytosis, MPO and ROS production in a dose dependent manner. The major compounds from MFJD were identified to regulate 36 targets for lung cancer prevention by UPLC-MS/MS, network pharmacology and transcriptomics. David database exhibited that MFJD plays an important role in immunoregulation by modulating 4 immune-related biological processes and 3 immune-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS MFJD prevents lung cancer by mainly promoting MPO expression to maintain neutrophil immune surveillance, its key compounds are sinomenine and dehydrocostus lactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gao
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Yuju Niu
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Luyao Sun
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Wenwen Li
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Haojie Xia
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Shengnan Geng
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industry Technology, Xinzheng, Henan Province, 451150, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Guo
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Haihong Lin
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China.
| | - Gangjun Du
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Jinming District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, 475004, China; School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industry Technology, Xinzheng, Henan Province, 451150, China.
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Bae D, Song KY, Macoy DM, Kim MG, Lee CK, Kim YS. Inactivation of Airborne Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC) via Application of a Novel High-Pressure Spraying System. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10112201. [PMID: 36363793 PMCID: PMC9694486 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases of livestock caused by novel pathogenic viruses and bacteria are a major threat to global animal health and welfare and their effective control is crucial for agronomic health and for securing global food supply. It has been widely recognized that the transmission of infectious agents can occur between people and/or animals in indoor spaces. Therefore, infection control practices are critical to reduce the transmission of the airborne pathogens. ViKiller®-high-pressure sprayer and Deger®-disinfectant are newly developed spraying systems that can produce an optimal size of disinfectants to reduce airborne microbes. The system was evaluated to reduce the infection caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), an airborne bacterium which survives in indoor spaces. pH-neutral electrolyzed water (NEW) containing 100 ppm of free chlorine, laboratory-scale chambers, a recently developed sprayer, and a conventional sprayer were used in the study. A total of 123 day-of-hatch male layer chicks (Hy-Line W-36) were randomly classified into five groups (negative control (NC): no treatment; treatment 1 (Trt 1): spraying only NEW without APEC; treatment 2 (Trt 2): spraying NEW + APEC using a high-pressure sprayer; treatment 3 (Trt 3): spraying NEW + APEC using a conventional sprayer; positive control (PC): spraying only APEC). Experimental chicks in the chambers were daily exposed to 50 mL of NEW and/or APEC (1.0 × 106 cfu/mL) until the end of the experiment (day 35). APEC strains were sprayed by ViKiller®. At least four chicks in each group were evaluated weekly to monitor APEC infection and determine the lesion. Data showed that our spraying system significantly reduced airborne APEC concentrations, mortality rate, respiratory infection, and APEC lesions in birds in the chamber space (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate that the antibacterial effect of the novel spraying sprayer with NEW on APEC was far superior compared to the conventional sprayer. This study provides a new insight for preventive measures against airborne microorganisms in indoor spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongryeoul Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (Y.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-2416 (D.B.); +82-10-4402-0795 (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Kwang-Young Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Donah Mary Macoy
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Min Gab Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Chul-Kyu Lee
- Division of Research and Development, TracoWorld Ltd., Gwangmyeong-si 14348, Korea
| | - Yu-Seong Kim
- Division of Research and Development, TracoWorld Ltd., Gwangmyeong-si 14348, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (Y.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-2416 (D.B.); +82-10-4402-0795 (Y.-S.K.)
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Development of fluorescent azapentalenes to study the reactivity of hypochlorous acid and chloramines in micellar systems. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Myeloperoxidase as a Potential Biomarker of Acute-Myocardial-Infarction-Induced Depression and Suppression of the Innate Immune System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112083. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While myeloperoxidase (MPO) serves as an indicator of both neutrophil and innate-immune-system function, the potential suppression of the innate immune system in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-induced depression might be evidenced by a decrease in MPO serum levels. The aim of this prospective study was to (1) determine whether serum concentrations of MPO vary immediately and 6 months after AMI and (2) to investigate whether MPO concentrations at the time of the AMI are significant predictors of AMI-induced depression and the depression-associated suppression of the innate immune system. A total of 109 AMI patients were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) immediately after admission to the hospital and 6 months later. The MPO status was assessed with serum samples, which were also collected immediately and 6 months after AMI. The depressive patients showed significantly lower MPO blood levels immediately and 6 months after the AMI compared to the patients without depression (ANCOVA: MPO (depression) F = 4.764, df = 1, p = 0.031). The baseline MPO was observed as a significant predictor (p = 0.027) of AMI-induced depression 6 months after AMI. MPO is a potential biomarker for AMI-induced depression, indicating a depression-associated suppression of the innate immune system.
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31
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You Z, Huang X, Xiang Y, Dai J, Jiang J, Xu J. Molecular feature of neutrophils in immune microenvironment of muscle atrophy. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4658-4665. [PMID: 35899367 PMCID: PMC9443939 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis in skeletal muscle is sustained by the balance of functional and physical interactions between muscle and myofibre microenvironment. Various factors, such as ageing, disuse and denervation, tip the balance and induce skeletal muscle atrophy. Skeletal muscle atrophy, which involves complex physiological and biochemical changes, is accompanied by adverse outcomes and even increased mortality. Multiple studies have investigated the role of neutrophils in atrophied skeletal muscles; however, neutrophil intrusion in muscle is still a polemical knot. As technical obstacles have been overcome, people have gradually discovered new functions of neutrophils. The classical view of neutrophils is no longer applicable to their biological characteristics. To date, no clear association between the hidden injurious effect of neutrophil intrusion and muscle atrophy has been convincingly proven. Throughout this review, we have discussed the neutrophil activities that mediate muscle atrophy for distinct disease occurrences. Hopefully, this review will help both clinicians and researchers of skeletal muscle atrophy with relevant targets to further explore efficient medical interventions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqi You
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinying Huang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoxian Xiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Junxi Dai
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjian Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguang Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Shanghai, China.,School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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32
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Myeloperoxidase as a Marker to Differentiate Mouse Monocyte/Macrophage Subsets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158246. [PMID: 35897821 PMCID: PMC9330004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are present in every tissue in the body and play essential roles in homeostasis and host defense against microorganisms. Some tissue macrophages derive from the yolk sac/fetal liver that populate tissues for life. Other tissue macrophages derive from monocytes that differentiate in the bone marrow and circulate through tissues via the blood and lymphatics. Circulating monocytes are very plastic and differentiate into macrophages with specialized functions upon entering tissues. Specialized monocyte/macrophage subsets have been difficult to differentiate based on cell surface markers. Here, using a combination of "pan" monocyte/macrophage markers and flow cytometry, we asked whether myeloperoxidase (MPO) could be used as a marker of pro-inflammatory monocyte/macrophage subsets. MPO is of interest because of its potent microbicidal activity. In wild-type SPF housed mice, we found that MPO+ monocytes/macrophages were present in peripheral blood, spleen, small and large intestines, and mesenteric lymph nodes, but not the central nervous system. Only monocytes/macrophages that expressed cell surface F4/80 and/or Ly6C co-expressed MPO with the highest expression in F4/80HiLy6CHi subsets regardless of tissue. These cumulative data indicate that MPO expression can be used as an additional marker to differentiate between monocyte/macrophage subsets with pro-inflammatory and microbicidal activity in a variety of tissues.
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33
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Li P, Zhang C, Wang M, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Tang K, Hu H, Jia X, Zhuang R, Jin B, Ma Y, Zhang Y. Elevation of Myeloperoxidase Correlates with Disease Severity in Patients with Hantaan Virus Infection. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:418-424. [PMID: 35675645 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2022.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) characterized by acute kidney injury and hemorrhage. Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cell and the body's first line of defense against pathogens. Currently, an increasing number of studies have shown that neutrophils may be a mixed blessing in terms of viral infections. However, the role of neutrophils in HFRS patients with HTNV infection has not been fully declared. In this study, we analyzed plasma levels of both myeloperoxidase (MPO) and MPO-DNA in HFRS patients, together with the clinical parameters. Neutrophil-platelet aggregates (NPAs) during the acute and convalescent phases of HFRS were also assessed. The results showed that plasma MPO-DNA levels had no change in different disease phases or severities of HFRS patients. Whereas plasma MPO significantly increased in the acute phase and critical/severe groups of HFRS patients. Furthermore, plasma MPO was positively correlated with inflammatory clinical parameters, such as white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, and renal injury-related parameters, such as blood urea nitrogen, blood uric acid, and serum creatinine, as well as negatively correlated with and platelet counts. In addition, NPAs increased both in acute and convalescent phase in HFRS patients compared with normal controls. These results suggested that elevated plasma MPO in HFRS patients correlated with disease severity, together with the increases of NPAs in HFRS patients, which may provide new insights into potential role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Li
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Brigade of Cadet, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yusi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Tang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haifeng Hu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaozhou Jia
- Department of Infectious Disease, Xi'an Eighth Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ran Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boquan Jin
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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34
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Palominos MF, Calfún C, Nardocci G, Candia D, Torres-Paz J, Whitlock KE. The Olfactory Organ Is a Unique Site for Neutrophils in the Brain. Front Immunol 2022; 13:881702. [PMID: 35693773 PMCID: PMC9186071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.881702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the vertebrate olfactory tract new neurons are continuously produced throughout life. It is widely believed that neurogenesis contributes to learning and memory and can be regulated by immune signaling molecules. Proteins originally identified in the immune system have subsequently been localized to the developing and adult nervous system. Previously, we have shown that olfactory imprinting, a specific type of long-term memory, is correlated with a transcriptional response in the olfactory organs that include up-regulation of genes associated with the immune system. To better understand the immune architecture of the olfactory organs we made use of cell-specific fluorescent reporter lines in dissected, intact adult brains of zebrafish to examine the association of the olfactory sensory neurons with neutrophils and blood-lymphatic vasculature. Surprisingly, the olfactory organs contained the only neutrophil populations observed in the brain; these neutrophils were localized in the neural epithelia and were associated with the extensive blood vasculature of the olfactory organs. Damage to the olfactory epithelia resulted in a rapid increase of neutrophils both within the olfactory organs as well as the central nervous system. Analysis of cell division during and after damage showed an increase in BrdU labeling in the neural epithelia and a subset of the neutrophils. Our results reveal a unique population of neutrophils in the olfactory organs that are associated with both the olfactory epithelia and the lymphatic vasculature suggesting a dual olfactory-immune function for this unique sensory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernanda Palominos
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Cristian Calfún
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Gino Nardocci
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danissa Candia
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jorge Torres-Paz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Kathleen E Whitlock
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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35
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Neutrophil Functional Heterogeneity and Implications for Viral Infections and Treatments. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081322. [PMID: 35456003 PMCID: PMC9025666 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that neutrophils exert specialized effector functions during infection and inflammation, and that these cells can affect the duration, severity, and outcome of the infection. These functions are related to variations in phenotypes that have implications in immunoregulation during viral infections. Although the complexity of the heterogeneity of neutrophils is still in the process of being uncovered, evidence indicates that they display phenotypes and functions that can assist in viral clearance or augment and amplify the immunopathology of viruses. Therefore, deciphering and understanding neutrophil subsets and their polarization in viral infections is of importance. In this review, the different phenotypes of neutrophils and the roles they play in viral infections are discussed. We also examine the possible ways to target neutrophil subsets during viral infections as potential anti-viral treatments.
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36
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A targetable ‘rogue’ neutrophil-subset, [CD11b+DEspR+] immunotype, is associated with severity and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and COVID-19-ARDS. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5583. [PMID: 35379853 PMCID: PMC8977568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-mediated secondary tissue injury underlies acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and progression to multi-organ-failure (MOF) and death, processes linked to COVID-19-ARDS. This secondary tissue injury arises from dysregulated neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) intended to kill pathogens, but instead cause cell-injury. Insufficiency of pleiotropic therapeutic approaches delineate the need for inhibitors of dysregulated neutrophil-subset(s) that induce subset-specific apoptosis critical for neutrophil function-shutdown. We hypothesized that neutrophils expressing the pro-survival dual endothelin-1/VEGF-signal peptide receptor, DEspR, are apoptosis-resistant like DEspR+ cancer-cells, hence comprise a consequential pathogenic neutrophil-subset in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS. Here, we report the significant association of increased peripheral DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophil-counts with severity and mortality in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS, and intravascular NET-formation, in contrast to DEspR[-] neutrophils. We detect DEspR+ neutrophils and monocytes in lung tissue patients in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS, and increased neutrophil RNA-levels of DEspR ligands and modulators in COVID-19-ARDS scRNA-seq data-files. Unlike DEspR[-] neutrophils, DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophils exhibit delayed apoptosis, which is blocked by humanized anti-DEspR-IgG4S228P antibody, hu6g8, in ex vivo assays. Ex vivo live-cell imaging of Rhesus-derived DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophils showed hu6g8 target-engagement, internalization, and induction of apoptosis. Altogether, data identify DEspR+CD11b+ neutrophils as a targetable ‘rogue’ neutrophil-subset associated with severity and mortality in ARDS and COVID-19-ARDS.
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37
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Effect of Normobaric Hypoxia on Alterations in Redox Homeostasis, Nitrosative Stress, Inflammation, and Lysosomal Function following Acute Physical Exercise. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4048543. [PMID: 35251471 PMCID: PMC8896919 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4048543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a recognized inducer of oxidative stress during prolonged physical activity. Nevertheless, previous studies have not systematically examined the effects of normoxia and hypoxia during acute physical exercise. The study is aimed at evaluating the relationship between enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant barrier, total antioxidant/oxidant status, oxidative and nitrosative damage, inflammation, and lysosomal function in different acute exercise protocols under normoxia and hypoxia. Fifteen competitive athletes were recruited for the study. They were subjected to two types of acute cycling exercise with different intensities and durations: graded exercise until exhaustion (GE) and simulated 30 km individual time trial (TT). Both exercise protocols were performed under normoxic and hypoxic (
) conditions. The number of subjects was determined based on our previous experiment, assuming the test
and
. We demonstrated enhanced enzymatic antioxidant systems during hypoxic exercise (GE: ↑ catalase (CAT), ↑ superoxide dismutase; TT: ↑ CAT) with a concomitant decrease in plasma reduced glutathione. In athletes exercising in hypoxia, redox status was shifted in favor of oxidation reactions (GE: ↑ total oxidant status, ↓ redox ratio), leading to increased oxidation/nitration of proteins (GE: ↑ advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), ↑ ischemia-modified albumin, ↑ 3-nitrotyrosine, ↑ S-nitrosothiols; TT: ↑ AOPP) and lipids (GE: ↑ malondialdehyde). Concentrations of nitric oxide and its metabolites (peroxynitrite) were significantly higher in the plasma of hypoxic exercisers with an associated increase in inflammatory mediators (GE: ↑ myeloperoxidase, ↑ tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and lysosomal exoglycosidase activity (GE: ↑ N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase, ↑ β-glucuronidase). Our study indicates that even a single intensive exercise session disrupts the antioxidant barrier and leads to increased oxidative and nitrosative damage at the systemic level. High-intensity exercise until exhaustion (GE) alters redox homeostasis more than the less intense exercise (TT, near the anaerobic threshold) of longer duration (
min vs.
min—normoxia;
min vs.
min—hypoxia), while hypoxia significantly exacerbates oxidative stress, inflammation, and lysosomal dysfunction in athletic subjects.
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38
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Adlam D, Zarebinski M, Uren NG, Ptaszynski P, Oldroyd KG, Munir S, Zaman A, Contractor H, Kiss RG, Édes I, Szachniewicz J, Nagy GG, Garcia MJ, Tomcsanyi J, Irving J, Sharp ASP, Musialek P, Lupkovics G, Shirodaria C, Selvanayagam JB, Quinn P, Ng L, Roth M, Insko MA, Haber B, Hill S, Siegel L, Tulloch S, Channon KM. A Randomized, double-blind, dose ranging clinical trial of intravenous FDY-5301 in acute STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI. Int J Cardiol 2022; 347:1-7. [PMID: 34774885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury remains a major clinical problem in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), leading to myocardial damage despite early reperfusion by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). There are no effective therapies to limit ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is caused by multiple pathways activated by rapid tissue reoxygenation and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). FDY-5301 contains sodium iodide, a ubiquitous inorganic halide and elemental reducing agent that can act as a catalytic anti-peroxidant. We tested the feasibility, safety and potential utility of FDY-5301 as a treatment to limit ischemia-reperfusion injury, in patients with first-time STEMI undergoing emergency PPCI. METHODS STEMI patients (n = 120, median 62 years) presenting within 12 h of chest pain onset were randomized at 20 PPCI centers, in a double blind Phase 2 clinical trial, to receive FDY-5301 (0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg) or placebo prior to reperfusion, to evaluate the feasibility endpoints. Participants underwent continuous ECG monitoring for 14 days after PPCI to address pre-specified cardiac arrhythmia safety end points and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 72 h and at 3 months to assess exploratory efficacy end points. RESULTS Intravenous FDY-5301 was delivered before re-opening of the infarct-related artery in 97% participants and increased plasma iodide levels ~1000-fold within 2 min. There was no significant increase in the primary safety end point of incidence of cardiac arrhythmias of concern. MRI at 3 months revealed median final infarct sizes in placebo vs. 2.0 mg/kg FDY-5301-treated patients of 14.9% vs. 8.5%, and LV ejection fractions of 53.9% vs. 63.2%, respectively, although the study was not powered to detect statistical significance. In patients receiving FDY-5301, there was a significant reduction in the levels of MPO, MMP2 and NTproBNP after PPCI, but no reduction with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous FDY-5301, delivered immediately prior to PPCI in acute STEMI, is feasible, safe, and shows potential efficacy. A larger trial is justified to test the effects of FDY-5301 on acute ischemia-reperfusion injury and clinical outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION CT.govNCT03470441; EudraCT 2017-000047-41.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Adlam
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Maciej Zarebinski
- Invasive Cardiology Dept. Western Hospital, Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
| | - Neal G Uren
- Edinburgh Heart Centre, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pawel Ptaszynski
- Department of Electrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Central University Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Keith G Oldroyd
- West of Scotland Regional Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shahzad Munir
- Cardiology Department, Wolverhampton Heart and Lung Centre, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton Road, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Azfar Zaman
- Freeman Hospital and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hussain Contractor
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - István Édes
- Department of Cardiology, Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Gergely Gyorgy Nagy
- Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen County Central Hospital and University Teaching Hospital, 1st Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Mario J Garcia
- Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - János Tomcsanyi
- Department of Cardiology, St. John of Brother of God Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - John Irving
- Department of Cardiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Piotr Musialek
- Jagiellonian University Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Géza Lupkovics
- Department of Cardiology, St. Raphael Hospital of Zala County, Zalaegerszeg, Hungary
| | | | - Joseph B Selvanayagam
- Flinders University and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Pauline Quinn
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Leong Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Mark Roth
- Faraday Pharmaceuticals Inc., Seattle, USA
| | | | - Ben Haber
- Faraday Pharmaceuticals Inc., Seattle, USA
| | | | | | | | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Institute for Health (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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39
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Skin Diseases. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121888. [PMID: 34944704 PMCID: PMC8698493 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the primary innate immune cells, and serve as sentinels for invading pathogens. To this end, neutrophils exert their effector functions via phagocytosis, degranulation, reactive oxygen species generation, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release. Pathogens and pathogen-derived components trigger NET formation, leading to the clearance of pathogens. However, NET formation is also induced by non-related pathogen proteins, such as cytokines and immune complexes. In this regard, NET formation can be induced under both non-sterile and sterile conditions. NETs are enriched by components with potent cytotoxic and inflammatory properties, thereby occasionally damaging tissues and cells and dysregulating immune homeostasis. Research has uncovered the involvement of NETs in the pathogenesis of several connective tissue diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and ANCA-associated vasculitis. In dermatology, several skin diseases clinically develop local or systemic sterile pustules and abscesses. The involvement of neutrophils and subsequent NET formation has recently been elucidated in these skin diseases. Therefore, this review highlights the NETs in these neutrophil-associated diseases.
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Yu C, Zhan X, Liang T, Chen L, Zhang Z, Jiang J, Xue J, Chen J, Liu C. Mechanism of Hip Arthropathy in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Abnormal Myeloperoxidase and Phagosome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:572592. [PMID: 34880852 PMCID: PMC8647161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.572592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has not been elucidated, especially involving hip joint disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the proteome of diseased hip in AS and to identify key protein biomarkers. Material and Methods We used label-free quantification combined with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to screen for differentially expressed proteins in hip ligament samples between AS and No-AS groups. Key protein was screened by Bioinformatics methods. and verified by in vitro experiments. Results There were 3,755 identified proteins, of which 92.916% were quantified. A total of 193 DEPs (49 upregulated proteins and 144 downregulated proteins) were identified according to P < 0.01 and Log|FC| > 1. DEPs were mainly involved in cell compartment, including the vacuolar lumen, azurophil granule, primary lysosome, etc. The main KEGG pathway included Phagosome, Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Lysine degradation, Pentose phosphate pathway. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was identified as a key protein involved in Phagosome pathway. The experiment of siRNA interfering with cells further confirmed that the upregulated MPO may promote the inflammatory response of fibroblasts. Conclusions The overexpression of MPO may contribute to the autoimmune inflammatory response of AS-affected hip joint through the phagosome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Yu
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tuo Liang
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liyi Chen
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zide Zhang
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiang Xue
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Kim N, Lee S, Kang J, Kwon TK, Khang D, Kim SH. Gomisin M2 alleviates psoriasis‑like skin inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:859. [PMID: 34664681 PMCID: PMC8548952 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by the excessive proliferation and impaired differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and is accompanied by the increased infiltration of inflammatory cells. The condition requires long‑term treatment and has no definitive cure. Hence, supplements and therapeutic agents have been intensely investigated. Gomisin M2 (GM2), a lignan extracted from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz). Baill. (Schisandraceae; S. chinensis), has demonstrated diverse pharmacological properties, including anticancer, anti‑inflammatory and antiallergic effects. Based on these findings, the present study examined the effects of GM2 on an imiquimod (IMQ)‑induced psoriasis mouse model and on keratinocytes stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α and interferon‑γ. IMQ was topically applied to the back skin of mice for 7 consecutive days, and the mice were orally administered CD. These results showed that the oral administration of GM2 suppressed the symptoms of psoriasis, as evidenced by reductions in skin thickness, psoriasis area severity index scores for psoriasis lesions, transepidermal water loss and myeloperoxidase (MPO)‑associated cell infiltration. Furthermore, GM2 reduced the pathologically increased levels of immunoglobulin G2a, MPO and TNF‑α in the serum and T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cell populations in the spleen. GM2 decreased the gene expression of inflammatory‑related cytokines and chemokines and inhibited the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and nuclear factor‑κB in the activated keratinocytes. These results suggested that GM2 from S. chinensis is a potential therapeutic candidate to alleviate psoriasis‑like skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Yeonsu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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Mollenhauer M, Bokredenghel S, Geißen S, Klinke A, Morstadt T, Torun M, Strauch S, Schumacher W, Maass M, Konradi J, Peters VBM, Berghausen E, Vantler M, Rosenkranz S, Mehrkens D, Braumann S, Nettersheim F, Hof A, Simsekyilmaz S, Winkels H, Rudolph V, Baldus S, Adam M, Freyhaus HT. Stamp2 Protects From Maladaptive Structural Remodeling and Systolic Dysfunction in Post-Ischemic Hearts by Attenuating Neutrophil Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:701721. [PMID: 34691017 PMCID: PMC8527169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.701721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (Stamp2) acts as an anti-inflammatory protein in macrophages by protecting from overt inflammatory signaling and Stamp2 deficiency accelerates atherosclerosis in mice. Herein, we describe an unexpected role of Stamp2 in polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and characterize Stamp2’s protective effects in myocardial ischemic injury. In a murine model of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), echocardiography and histological analyses revealed a pronounced impairment of cardiac function in hearts of Stamp2-deficient- (Stamp2-/-) mice as compared to wild-type (WT) animals. This difference was driven by aggravated cardiac fibrosis, as augmented fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation was observed which was mediated by activation of the redox-sensitive p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Furthermore, we observed increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Stamp2-/- hearts after I/R, which is the likely cause for p38 MAPK activation. Although myocardial macrophage numbers were not affected by Stamp2 deficiency after I/R, augmented myocardial infiltration by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was observed, which coincided with enhanced myeloperoxidase (MPO) plasma levels. Primary PMN isolated from Stamp2-/- animals exhibited a proinflammatory phenotype characterized by enhanced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity and MPO secretion. To prove the critical role of PMN for the observed phenotype after I/R, antibody-mediated PMN depletion was performed in Stamp2-/- mice which reduced deterioration of LV function and adverse structural remodeling to WT levels. These data indicate a novel role of Stamp2 as an anti-inflammatory regulator of PMN and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation in myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mollenhauer
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Senai Bokredenghel
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Geißen
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Klinke
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, University Hospital Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Tobias Morstadt
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Merve Torun
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabrina Strauch
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wibke Schumacher
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martina Maass
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Konradi
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vera B M Peters
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Berghausen
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marius Vantler
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Rosenkranz
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Mehrkens
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Braumann
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Nettersheim
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Hof
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sakine Simsekyilmaz
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Winkels
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Rudolph
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, University Hospital Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matti Adam
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henrik Ten Freyhaus
- Department for Experimental Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, and Clinic III for Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Herb M, Gluschko A, Schramm M. Reactive Oxygen Species: Not Omnipresent but Important in Many Locations. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:716406. [PMID: 34557488 PMCID: PMC8452931 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.716406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion or hydrogen peroxide, have been established over decades of research as, on the one hand, important and versatile molecules involved in a plethora of homeostatic processes and, on the other hand, as inducers of damage, pathologies and diseases. Which effects ROS induce, strongly depends on the cell type and the source, amount, duration and location of ROS production. Similar to cellular pH and calcium levels, which are both strictly regulated and only altered by the cell when necessary, the redox balance of the cell is also tightly regulated, not only on the level of the whole cell but in every cellular compartment. However, a still widespread view present in the scientific community is that the location of ROS production is of no major importance and that ROS randomly diffuse from their cellular source of production throughout the whole cell and hit their redox-sensitive targets when passing by. Yet, evidence is growing that cells regulate ROS production and therefore their redox balance by strictly controlling ROS source activation as well as localization, amount and duration of ROS production. Hopefully, future studies in the field of redox biology will consider these factors and analyze cellular ROS more specifically in order to revise the view of ROS as freely flowing through the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Gluschko
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Schramm
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Cologne, Germany
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Herrera VLM, Walkey AJ, Nguyen MQ, Gromisch CM, Mosaddhegi JZ, Gromisch MS, Jundi B, Lukassen S, Carstensen S, Denis R, Belkina AC, Baron RM, Pinilla-Vera M, Muller M, Kimberly WT, Goldstein JN, Lehmann I, Shih AR, Ells R, Levy BD, Rulz-Opazo N. Increased Neutrophil-Subset Associated With Severity/Mortality In ARDS And COVID19-ARDS Expresses The Dual Endothelin-1/VEGFsignal-Peptide Receptor (DEspR): An Actionable Therapeutic Target. RESEARCH SQUARE 2021:rs.3.rs-846250. [PMID: 34545358 PMCID: PMC8452107 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-846250/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil-mediated secondary tissue injury underlies acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and progression to multi-organ-failure (MOF) and death, processes linked to severe COVID19. This 'innocent bystander' tissue injury arises in dysregulated hyperinflammatory states from neutrophil functions and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) intended to kill pathogens, but injure cells instead, causing MOF. Insufficiency of prior therapeutic approaches suggest need to identify dysregulated neutrophil-subset(s) and induce subset-specific apoptosis critical for neutrophil function-shutdown and clearance. We hypothesized that neutrophils expressing the pro-survival dual endothelin-1/signal peptide receptor, DEspR, are apoptosis-resistant just like DEspR+ cancer cells, hence comprise a consequential pathogenic neutrophil-subset in ARDS and COVID19-ARDS. Here, we report correlation of circulating DEspR+CD11b+ activated neutrophils (DESpR+actNs) and NETosing-neutrophils with severity in ARDS and in COVID19-ARDS, increased DEspR+ neutrophils and monocytes in post-mortem ARDS-patient lung sections, and neutrophil DEspR/ET1 receptor/ligand autocrine loops in severe COVID19. Unlike DEspR[-] neutrophils, ARDS patient DEspR+actNs exhibit apoptosis-resistance, which decreased upon ex vivo treatment with humanized anti-DEspR-IgG4S228P antibody, hu6g8. Ex vivo live-cell imaging of non-human primate DEspR+actNs showed hu6g8 target-engagement, internalization, and induction of apoptosis. Altogether, data differentiate DEspR+actNs as a targetable neutrophil-subset associated with ARDS and COVID19-ARDS severity, and suggest DEspR-inhibition as a potential therapeutic paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bakr Jundi
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Soeren Lukassen
- Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Meike Muller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine
| | | | | | - Irina Lehmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
| | - Angela R Shih
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Roland Ells
- Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
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45
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Status of biomarkers for the identification of stable or vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1981-1997. [PMID: 34414413 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a systemic inflammation of the arteries characterized by atherosclerotic plaque due to the accumulation of lipids, inflammatory cells, apoptotic cells, calcium and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Stable plaques present a chronic inflammatory infiltration, whereas vulnerable plaques present an 'active' inflammation involved in the thinning of the fibrous cap that predisposes to plaque rupture. Several complex biological cellular processes lead plaques to evolve from stable to vulnerable predisposing them to rupture and thrombosis. In this review, we analyze some emerging circulating biomarkers related to inflammation, ECM and lipid infiltration, angiogenesis, metalloproteinases and microRNA (miRNA), as possible diagnostic and prognostic indicators of plaque vulnerability.
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Frasheri I, Heym R, Ern C, Summer B, Hennessen TG, Högg C, Reichl FX, Folwaczny M. Salivary and gingival CXCL8 correlation with periodontal status, periodontal pathogens and smoking. Oral Dis 2021; 28:2267-2276. [PMID: 34388304 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neutrophil granulocytes have been proposed to play a major role in the mediation of periodontitis-associated tissue destruction. Their recruitment and activation are regulated by the chemokine CXCL8. This study aimed to delineate the dependency of CXCL8-expression in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva on periodontal status, bacterial infection and smoking, in patients with periodontitis. METHODS The study cohort comprised 279 subjects with untreated periodontitis. Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession, bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index, and bone loss were evaluated. CXCL8 was determined in saliva and GCF using flow cytometry. RESULTS Considering the entire study sample, CXCL8 levels were correlated with the mean PPD (ρ=0.131; p=0.029), severity of periodontitis (ρ=0.121; p=0.043), BOP (ρ=0.204; p=0.001) and smoking (ρ=-0.219; p<0.0001) in GCF; and, in whole saliva, with mean PPD (ρ=0.154; p=0.010) severity of periodontitis (ρ=0.140; p=0.020), gender (ρ=0.178; p=0.003) and smoking (ρ=-0.156; p=0.010). Subgroup analysis among non-smokers revealed significantly higher amounts of CXCL8 in GCF (p=0.012) and saliva (p=0.026) comparing subjects with mean PPD ≤3mm and >3mm. CONCLUSION The current study revealed a strong dependency of CXCL8-expression in GCF on the severity and activity of periodontal disease. Smoking causes a significant reduction of CXCL8-expression in saliva and GCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Frasheri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Heym
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Ern
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Summer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Till G Hennessen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Högg
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Franz-Xaver Reichl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Folwaczny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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47
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Coagulopathy in Acute Puumala Hantavirus Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081553. [PMID: 34452419 PMCID: PMC8402851 DOI: 10.3390/v13081553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), also called nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is mainly endemic in Europe and Russia. The clinical features include a low platelet count, altered coagulation, endothelial activation, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Multiple connections between coagulation pathways and inflammatory mediators, as well as complement and kallikrein–kinin systems, have been reported. The bleeding symptoms are usually mild. PUUV-infected patients also have an increased risk for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and thrombosis.
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48
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Odobasic D, Holdsworth SR. Emerging Cellular Therapies for Anti-myeloperoxidase Vasculitis and Other Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:642127. [PMID: 34394071 PMCID: PMC8358391 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-myeloperoxidase vasculitis (MPO-AAV) is a life-threatening autoimmune disease which causes severe inflammation of small blood vessels, mainly in the kidney. As for many other autoimmune diseases, current treatments, which consist of general immunosuppressants, are partially effective, toxic and broadly immunosuppressive, causing significant and serious adverse effects in many patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more targeted and less harmful therapies. Tolerogenic dendritic cells, regulatory T cells and stem cells have emerged as attractive, new and safer options for the treatment for various autoimmune diseases due to their unique and selective immunosuppressive capacity. In this review, we will discuss how these cellular therapies offer potential to become novel and safer treatments for MPO-AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Odobasic
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen R Holdsworth
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Nephrology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Buters TP, Hameeteman PW, Jansen IME, van Hindevoort FC, Ten Voorde W, Florencia E, Osse M, de Kam ML, Grievink HW, Schoonakker M, Patel AA, Yona S, Gilroy DW, Lubberts E, Damman J, Feiss G, Rissmann R, Jansen MAA, Burggraaf J, Moerland M. Intradermal lipopolysaccharide challenge as an acute in vivo inflammatory model in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 88:680-690. [PMID: 34293819 PMCID: PMC9290695 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Whereas intravenous administration of Toll‐like receptor 4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to human volunteers is frequently used in clinical pharmacology studies, systemic use of LPS has practical limitations. We aimed to characterize the intradermal LPS response in healthy volunteers, and as such qualify the method as local inflammation model for clinical pharmacology studies. Methods Eighteen healthy male volunteers received 2 or 4 intradermal 5 ng LPS injections and 1 saline injection on the forearms. The LPS response was evaluated by noninvasive (perfusion, skin temperature and erythema) and invasive assessments (cellular and cytokine responses) in skin biopsy and blister exudate. Results LPS elicited a visible response and returned to baseline at 48 hours. Erythema, perfusion and temperature were statistically significant (P < .0001) over a 24‐hour time course compared to saline. The protein response was dominated by an acute interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8 and tumour necrosis factor response followed by IL‐1β, IL‐10 and interferon‐γ. The cellular response consisted of an acute neutrophil influx followed by different monocyte subsets and dendritic cells. Discussion Intradermal LPS administration in humans causes an acute, localized and transient inflammatory reaction that is well‐tolerated by healthy volunteers. This may be a valuable inflammation model for evaluating the pharmacological activity of anti‐inflammatory investigational compounds in proof of pharmacology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Buters
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Wouter Ten Voorde
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin Florencia
- Department of Dermatology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Osse
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Amit A Patel
- Department Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Yona
- Department Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Derek W Gilroy
- Department Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Erik Lubberts
- Department of Rheumatology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Damman
- Department of Pathology Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gary Feiss
- Cutanea Life Sciences, Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacobus Burggraaf
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Moerland
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Intra-nasal administration of sperm head turns neutrophil into reparative mode after PGE1- and/or Ang II receptor-mediated phagocytosis followed by expression of sperm head's coding RNA. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107696. [PMID: 34147914 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Having played homeostatic role, the immune system maintains the integrity of the body. Such a characteristic makes immune system as an attractive candidate for resolution of inflammatory disease followed by tissue repair. As first responder cells, neutrophils direct immune response playing key role in tissue remodeling. Previous studies revealed that sperm attracts neutrophils and promotes uterine remodeling suitable for fetus growth. Accordingly, sperm and more efficiently sperm head had remodeling effects on damaged brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model. To further reveal the mechanism, two kinds of in vivo study, including kinetic study and inhibition of neutrophil phagocytosis on AD model, as well as in vitro study using co-culture of neutrophil and sperm head were performed. Kinetic study revealed that sperm head recruited neutrophil to nasal mucosa similar to that of uterus and sperm head-phagocytizing neutrophils acquired new activation status comparing to control. In vitro study also demonstrated that sperm head-phagocytizing neutrophils acquire new activation status and express coding RNAs of sperm head. Accordingly, inhibition of neutrophil phagocytic activity abrogated therapeutic effects of sperm head. Neutrophils activation status is important in the fate of inflammatory process. Modulation but not suppression of neutrophils helps remodeling and repair of damaged tissue. Sperm head is an intelligent cell and not just a simple particle to remove by phagocytosis but instead can program neutrophils and consequently immune response into reparative mode after phagocytosis.
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