1
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Cai W, Shu LZ, Liu DJ, Zhou L, Wang MM, Deng H. Targeting cyclin D1 as a therapeutic approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1145082. [PMID: 37427143 PMCID: PMC10324616 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1145082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 functions as a mitogenic sensor that specifically binds to CDK4/6, thereby integrating external mitogenic inputs and cell cycle progression. Cyclin D1 interacts with transcription factors and regulates various important cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Therefore, its dysregulation contributes to carcinogenesis. Cyclin D1 is highly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the particular cellular mechanisms through which abnormal cyclin D1 expression causes PTC are poorly understood. Unveiling the regulatory mechanisms of cyclin D1 and its function in PTC may help determine clinically effective strategies, and open up better opportunities for further research, leading to the development of novel PTC regimens that are clinically effective. This review explores the mechanisms underlying cyclin D1 overexpression in PTC. Furthermore, we discuss the role of cyclin D1 in PTC tumorigenesis via its interactions with other regulatory elements. Finally, recent progress in the development of therapeutic options targeting cyclin D1 in PTC is examined and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cai
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin-Zhen Shu
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ding-Jie Liu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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2
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Giordano F, D'Amico M, Montalto FI, Malivindi R, Chimento A, Conforti FL, Pezzi V, Panno ML, Andò S, De Amicis F. Cdk4 Regulates Glioblastoma Cell Invasion and Stemness and Is Target of a Notch Inhibitor Plus Resveratrol Combined Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10094. [PMID: 37373242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive types of cancer characterized by poor patient outcomes. To date, it is believed that the major cause of its recurrence and chemoresistance is represented by the enrichment of GBM stem cells (GSCs) sustained by the abnormal activation of a number of signaling pathways. In this study, we found that in GBM cells, treatment with low toxicity doses of the γ-secretase inhibitor RO4929097 (GSI), blocking the Notch pathway activity, in combination with resveratrol (RSV) was able to reverse the basal mesenchymal phenotype to an epithelial-like phenotype, affecting invasion and stemness interplay. The mechanism was dependent on cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4), leading to a reduction of paxillin (Pxn) phosphorylation. Consequently, we discovered the reduced interaction of Pxn with vinculin (Vcl), which, during cell migration, transmits the intracellular forces to the extracellular matrix. The exogenous expression of a constitutively active Cdk4 mutant prevented the RSV + GSI inhibitory effects in GBM cell motility/invasion and augmented the expression of stemness-specific markers, as well as the neurosphere sizes/forming abilities in untreated cells. In conclusion, we propose that Cdk4 is an important regulator of GBM stem-like phenotypes and invasive capacity, highlighting how the combined treatment of Notch inhibitors and RSV could be prospectively implemented in the novel therapeutic strategies to target Cdk4 for these aggressive brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Maria D'Amico
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Ida Montalto
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Adele Chimento
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Luisa Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pezzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Panno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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3
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Endogenous Cyclin D1 Promotes the Rate of Onset and Magnitude of Mitogenic Signaling via Akt1 Ser473 Phosphorylation. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108151. [PMID: 32937140 PMCID: PMC7707112 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates RB and functions as a collaborative nuclear oncogene. The serine threonine kinase Akt plays a pivotal role in the control of cellular metabolism, survival, and mitogenic signaling. Herein, Akt1-mediated phosphorylation of downstream substrates in the mammary gland is reduced by cyclin D1 genetic deletion and is induced by mammary-gland-targeted cyclin D1 overexpression. Cyclin D1 is associated with Akt1 and augments the rate of onset and maximal cellular Akt1 activity induced by mitogens. Cyclin D1 is identified in a cytoplasmic-membrane-associated pool, and cytoplasmic-membrane-localized cyclin D1—but not nuclear-localized cyclin D1—recapitulates Akt1 transcriptional function. These studies identify a novel extranuclear function of cyclin D1 to enhance proliferative functions via augmenting Akt1 phosphorylation at Ser473. Chen et al. show that the rate of onset and maximal cellular Akt1 activity induced by mitogens was augmented by cyclin D1. Cyclin D1 bound and phosphorylated Akt1 at Ser473. These studies identify a novel extranuclear function of cyclin D1 to enhance proliferative functions via augmenting Akt1 phosphorylation at Ser473.
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4
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Pparγ1 Facilitates ErbB2-Mammary Adenocarcinoma in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092171. [PMID: 33946495 PMCID: PMC8125290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2, which is associated with clinically aggressive disease, is overexpressed in 15-20% of breast cancers (BC). The host immune system participates in the therapeutic response of HER2+ breast cancer. Identifying genetic programs that participate in ErbB2-induced tumors may provide the rational basis for co-extinction therapeutic approaches. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which is expressed in a variety of malignancies, governs biological functions through transcriptional programs. Herein, genetic deletion of endogenous Pparγ1 restrained mammary tumor progression, lipogenesis, and induced local mammary tumor macrophage infiltration, without affecting other tissue hematopoietic stem cell pools. Endogenous Pparγ1 induced expression of both an EphA2-Amphiregulin and an inflammatory INFγ and Cxcl5 signaling module, that was recapitulated in human breast cancer. Pparγ1 bound directly to growth promoting and proinflammatory target genes in the context of chromatin. We conclude Pparγ1 promotes ErbB2-induced tumor growth and inflammation and represents a relevant target for therapeutic coextinction. Herein, endogenous Pparγ1 promoted ErbB2-mediated mammary tumor onset and progression. PPARγ1 increased expression of an EGF-EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase module and a cytokine/chemokine 1 transcriptional module. The induction of a pro-tumorigenic inflammatory state by Pparγ1 may provide the rationale for complementary coextinction programs in ErbB2 tumors.
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5
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Guo Y, Gabola M, Lattanzio R, Paul C, Pinet V, Tang R, Turali H, Bremond J, Longobardi C, Maurizy C, Da Costa Q, Finetti P, Boissière-Michot F, Rivière B, Lemmers C, Garnier S, Bertucci F, Zlobec I, Chebli K, Tazi J, Azar R, Blanchard JM, Sicinski P, Mamessier E, Lemmers B, Hahne M. Cyclin A2 maintains colon homeostasis and is a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:131517. [PMID: 33332285 DOI: 10.1172/jci131517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the function of cyclin A2 in colon homeostasis and colorectal cancer (CRC), we generated mice deficient for cyclin A2 in colonic epithelial cells (CECs). Colons of these mice displayed architectural changes in the mucosa and signs of inflammation, as well as increased proliferation of CECs associated with the appearance of low- and high-grade dysplasias. The main initial events triggering those alterations in cyclin A2-deficient CECs appeared to be abnormal mitoses and DNA damage. Cyclin A2 deletion in CECs promoted the development of dysplasia and adenocarcinomas in a murine colitis-associated cancer model. We next explored the status of cyclin A2 expression in clinical CRC samples at the mRNA and protein levels and found higher expression in tumors of patients with stage 1 or 2 CRC compared with those of patients with stage 3 or 4 CRC. A meta-analysis of 11 transcriptome data sets comprising 2239 primary CRC tumors revealed different expression levels of CCNA2 (the mRNA coding for cyclin A2) among the CRC tumor subtypes, with the highest expression detected in consensus molecular subtype 1 (CMS1) and the lowest in CMS4 tumors. Moreover, we found high expression of CCNA2 to be a new, independent prognosis factor for CRC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Guo
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Monica Gabola
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Conception Paul
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Pinet
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Ruizhi Tang
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Hulya Turali
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Bremond
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Ciro Longobardi
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Chloé Maurizy
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Quentin Da Costa
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Finetti
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Boissière-Michot
- Translationnal Research Unit, Montpellier Cancer Institute, Montpellier, France - Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Benjamin Rivière
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Lemmers
- PVM, Biocampus, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Séverine Garnier
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - François Bertucci
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Inti Zlobec
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Karim Chebli
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Jamal Tazi
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Rania Azar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marie Blanchard
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Emilie Mamessier
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bénédicte Lemmers
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Hahne
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
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6
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Raman D, Tiwari AK. Role of eIF4A1 in triple-negative breast cancer stem-like cell-mediated drug resistance. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 5:e1299. [PMID: 33053607 PMCID: PMC9780423 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In cap-dependent translation, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A1) is an mRNA helicase is involved in unwinding of the secondary structure, such as the stem-loops, at the 5'-leader regions of the key oncogenic mRNAs. This facilitates ribosomal scanning and translation of the oncogenic mRNAs. eIF4A1 has a regulatory role in translating many oncoproteins that have vital roles in several steps of metastases. Sridharan et. al. have discovered and provide a novel insight into how eIF4A1 can play a regulatory role in drug resistance by influencing the levels of pluripotent Yamanaka transcription factors and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stem-like cells. These findings may help us understand the molecular underpinnings of chemoresistance, especially in established metastases in TNBC. Importantly, eIF4A1 may form a novel clinical target in metastatic TNBC and the drug eFT226 from Effector Therapeutics targeting eIF4A1 is already in phase1-2 clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cancer BiologyUniversity of Toledo Health Science CampusToledoOhio
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of Toledo Health Science CampusToledoOhio
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7
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Chen K, Jiao X, Ashton A, Di Rocco A, Pestell TG, Sun Y, Zhao J, Casimiro MC, Li Z, Lisanti MP, McCue PA, Shen D, Achilefu S, Rui H, Pestell RG. The membrane-associated form of cyclin D1 enhances cellular invasion. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:83. [PMID: 32948740 PMCID: PMC7501870 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-00266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential G1-cyclin, CCND1, is a collaborative nuclear oncogene that is frequently overexpressed in cancer. D-type cyclins bind and activate CDK4 and CDK6 thereby contributing to G1–S cell-cycle progression. In addition to the nucleus, herein cyclin D1 was also located in the cytoplasmic membrane. In contrast with the nuclear-localized form of cyclin D1 (cyclin D1NL), the cytoplasmic membrane-localized form of cyclin D1 (cyclin D1MEM) induced transwell migration and the velocity of cellular migration. The cyclin D1MEM was sufficient to induce G1–S cell-cycle progression, cellular proliferation, and colony formation. The cyclin D1MEM was sufficient to induce phosphorylation of the serine threonine kinase Akt (Ser473) and augmented extranuclear localized 17β-estradiol dendrimer conjugate (EDC)-mediated phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473). These studies suggest distinct subcellular compartments of cell cycle proteins may convey distinct functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Xuanmao Jiao
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Anthony Ashton
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Agnese Di Rocco
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Timothy G Pestell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Yunguang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Mathew C Casimiro
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA.,Dept of Science and Math, Abraham Baldwin Agricultural college, Tifton, GA, 31794, Georgia
| | - Zhiping Li
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Translational Medicine, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A McCue
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Duanwen Shen
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Departments of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Hallgeir Rui
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Richard G Pestell
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA. .,The Wistar Cancer Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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8
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Dasgupta P, Kulkarni P, Majid S, Hashimoto Y, Shiina M, Shahryari V, Bhat NS, Tabatabai L, Yamamura S, Saini S, Tanaka Y, Dahiya R. LncRNA CDKN2B-AS1/miR-141/cyclin D network regulates tumor progression and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:660. [PMID: 32814766 PMCID: PMC7438482 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The molecular heterogeneity of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) complicates the therapeutic interventions for advanced metastatic disease and thus its management remains a significant challenge. This study investigates the role of the lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 and miR-141-3p interactions in the progression and metastasis of kidney cancer. Human renal cancer cell lines (ACHN and Caki1), normal RPTEC cells, tissue cohorts, and a series of in vitro assays and in vivo mouse model were used for this study. An overexpression of CDKN2B-AS1 was observed in RCC compared to normal samples in TCGA and our in-house SFVAMC tissue cohorts. Reciprocally, we observed reduced expression of miR-141 in RCC compared to normal in the same cohorts. CDKN2B-AS1 shares regulatory miR-141 binding sites with CCND1 and CCND2 genes. Direct interactions of CDKN2B-AS1/miR-141/Cyclin D1-D2 were confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays indicating that CDKN2B-AS1/miR-141/Cyclin D1-D2 acts as a ceRNA network in RCC. Functionally, attenuation of CDKN2B-AS1 and/or overexpression of miR-141 inhibited proliferation, clonogenicity, migration/invasion, induced apoptosis in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in xenograft mouse model. Further, overexpression of CDKN2B-AS1 is positively correlated with poor overall survival of RCC patients. Expression of miR-141 also robustly discriminated malignant from non-malignant tissues and its inhibition in normal RPTEC cells induced pro-cancerous characteristics. CDKN2B-AS1 attenuation or miR-141 overexpression decreased CCND1/CCND2 expression, resulting in reduced RAC1/pPXN that are involved in migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This study, for the first time, deciphered the role of CDKN2B-AS1/miR-141/Cyclin D axis in RCC and highlights this network as a promising therapeutic target for the regulation of EMT driven metastasis in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Dasgupta
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Priyanka Kulkarni
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shahana Majid
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yutaka Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marisa Shiina
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Varahram Shahryari
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nadeem S Bhat
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laura Tabatabai
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Soichiro Yamamura
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sharanjot Saini
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yuichiro Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rajvir Dahiya
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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9
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González-Ruiz L, González-Moles MÁ, González-Ruiz I, Ruiz-Ávila I, Ayén Á, Ramos-García P. An update on the implications of cyclin D1 in melanomas. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 33:788-805. [PMID: 32147907 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is a protein encoded by the CCND1 gene, located on 11q13 chromosome, which is a key component of the physiological regulation of the cell cycle. CCND1/cyclin D1 is upregulated in several types of human tumors including melanoma and is currently classified as an oncogene that promotes uncontrolled cell proliferation. Despite the demonstrated importance of CCND1/cyclin D1 as a central oncogene in several types of human tumors, its knowledge in melanoma is still limited. This review examines data published on upregulation of the CCND1 gene and cyclin D1 protein in the melanoma setting, focusing on the pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of the gene and on the clinical and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia González-Ruiz
- Dermatology Service, Ciudad Real General University Hospital, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | | | - Isabel Ruiz-Ávila
- Biohealth Research Institute, Granada, Spain.,Pathology Service, San Cecilio Hospital Complex, Granada, Spain
| | - Ángela Ayén
- Dermatology Service, San Cecilio Hospital Complex, Granada, Spain
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10
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Abstract
The cell cycle is tightly regulated by cyclins and their catalytic moieties, the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Cyclin D1, in association with CDK4/6, acts as a mitogenic sensor and integrates extracellular mitogenic signals and cell cycle progression. When deregulated (overexpressed, accumulated, inappropriately located), cyclin D1 becomes an oncogene and is recognized as a driver of solid tumors and hemopathies. Recent studies on the oncogenic roles of cyclin D1 reported non-canonical functions dependent on the partners of cyclin D1 and its location within tumor cells or tissues. Support for these new functions was provided by various mouse models of oncogenesis. Finally, proteomic and transcriptomic data identified complex cyclin D1 networks. This review focuses on these aspects of cyclin D1 pathophysiology, which may be crucial for targeted therapy.Abbreviations: aa, amino acid; AR, androgen receptor; ATM, ataxia telangectasia mutant; ATR, ATM and Rad3-related; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; ChREBP, carbohydrate response element binding protein; CIP, CDK-interacting protein; CHK1/2, checkpoint kinase 1/2; CKI, CDK inhibitor; DDR, DNA damage response; DMP1, cyclin D-binding myb-like protein; DSB, double-strand DNA break; DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase; ER, estrogen receptor; FASN, fatty acid synthase; GSK3β, glycogen synthase-3β; HAT, histone acetyltransferase; HDAC, histone deacetylase; HK2, hexokinase 2; HNF4α, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α; HR, homologous recombination; IR, ionizing radiation; KIP, kinase inhibitory protein; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; NHEJ, non-homologous end-joining; PCAF, p300/CREB binding-associated protein; PGC1α, PPARγ co-activator 1α; PEST, proline-glutamic acid-serine-threonine, PK, pyruvate kinase; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; RB1, retinoblastoma protein; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SRC, steroid receptor coactivator; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription; TGFβ, transforming growth factor β; UPS, ubiquitin-proteasome system; USP22, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22; XPO1 (or CRM1) exportin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guergana Tchakarska
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Pecoraro A, Carotenuto P, Russo G, Russo A. Ribosomal protein uL3 targets E2F1 and Cyclin D1 in cancer cell response to nucleolar stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15431. [PMID: 31659203 PMCID: PMC6817900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51723-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several experimental strategies in the treatment of cancer include drug alteration of cell cycle regulatory pathways as a useful strategy. Extra-ribosomal functions of human ribosomal protein L3 (uL3) may affect DNA repair, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In the present study, we demonstrated that uL3 is required for the activation of G1/S transition genes. Luciferase assays established that uL3 negatively regulates the activity of E2F1 promoter. Induced ribosome-free uL3 reduces Cyclin D1 mRNA and protein levels. Using protein/protein immunoprecipitation methods, we demonstrated that uL3 physically interacts with PARP-1 affecting E2F1 transcriptional activity. Our findings led to the identification of a new pathway mediated by uL3 involving E2F1 and Cyclin D1 in the regulation of cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Pecoraro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Carotenuto
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Therapeutics Unit 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Giulia Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Annapina Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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12
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Chronic exposure to submicromolar arsenite promotes the migration of human esophageal Het1A cells induced by heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3523-3534. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Human amniotic membrane conditioned medium inhibits proliferation and modulates related microRNAs expression in hepatocarcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14193. [PMID: 31578445 PMCID: PMC6775050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The placental stem cells have called the focus of attention for their therapeutic potential to treat different diseases, including cancer. There is plenty evidence about the antiproliferative, antiangiogenic and proapoptotic properties of the amniotic membrane. Liver cancer is the fifth cause of cancer in the world, with a poor prognosis and survival. Alternative treatments to radio- or chemotherapy have been searched. In this work we aimed to study the antiproliferative properties of the human amniotic membrane conditioned medium (AM-CM) in hepatocarcinoma cells. In addition, we have analyzed the regulation of pro and antiOncomiRs expression involved in hepatocarcinoma physiology. We have determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation assay that AM-CM inhibits DNA synthesis in HepG2 cells after 72 h of treatment. AM-CM pure or diluted at 50% and 25% also diminished HepG2 and HuH-7 cells viability and cell number. Furthermore, AM-CM induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M. When proliferation mechanisms were analyzed we found that AM-CM reduced the expression of both Cyclin D1 mRNA and protein. Nuclear expression of Ki-67 was also reduced. We observed that this CM was able to promote the expression of p53 and p21 mRNA and proteins, leading to cell growth arrest. Moreover, AM-CM induced an increase in nuclear p21 localization, observed by immunofluorescence. As p53 levels were increased, Mdm-2 expression was downregulated. Interestingly, HepG2 and HuH-7 cells treatment with AM-CM during 24 and 72 h produced an upregulation of antiOncomiRs 15a and 210, and a downregulation of proOncomiRs 206 and 145. We provide new evidence about the promising novel applications of human amniotic membrane in liver cancer.
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14
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miR-433 suppresses tumor progression via Smad2 in non-small cell lung cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152591. [PMID: 31445716 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The role of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in lung cancer is well known. TGF-β-mediated cellular proliferation and angiogenesis through similar to mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2) protein has also been well elucidated. Smad2 is a predicted target for a microRNAs, namely miR-433. microRNAs are a significant class of non-coding RNAs which play an important role in epigenetic regulation. Here, we show that miR-433 directly binds to Smad2, which is shown to be upregulated in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). miR-433 expression is downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-433 is associated with decreased expression of proteins - namely Cyclin D1, MMP-2/TIMP-2, and MMP-9, and consequently reduced cell proliferation and invasion phenotypes. Complementation of miR-433 leads to rescue of these disrupted phenotypes. miR-433 mediates its action via Smad2 and Id-1. miR-433 may be a candidate worth further exploration for its prognostic and therapeutic potential in NSCLC.
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15
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Kawauchi T, Nabeshima YI. Growth Arrest Triggers Extra-Cell Cycle Regulatory Function in Neurons: Possible Involvement of p27 kip1 in Membrane Trafficking as Well as Cytoskeletal Regulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:64. [PMID: 31080801 PMCID: PMC6497764 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation is essential for the development of multicellular organisms, but many cells in adulthood, including neurons, exit from cell cycle. Although cell cycle-related proteins are suppressed after cell cycle exit in general, recent studies have revealed that growth arrest triggers extra-cell cycle regulatory function (EXCERF) in some cell cycle proteins, such as p27(kip1), p57(kip2), anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), and cyclin E. While p27 is known to control G1 length and cell cycle exit via inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activities, p27 acquires additional cytoplasmic functions in growth-arrested neurons. Here, we introduce the EXCERFs of p27 in post-mitotic neurons, mainly focusing on its actin and microtubule regulatory functions. We also show that a small amount of p27 is associated with the Golgi apparatus positive for Rab6, p115, and GM130, but not endosomes positive for Rab5, Rab7, Rab8, Rab11, SNX6, or LAMTOR1. p27 is also colocalized with Dcx, a microtubule-associated protein. Based on these results, we discuss here the possible role of p27 in membrane trafficking and microtubule-dependent transport in post-mitotic cortical neurons. Collectively, we propose that growth arrest leads to two different fates in cell cycle proteins; either suppressing their expression or activating their EXCERFs. The latter group of proteins, including p27, play various roles in neuronal migration, morphological changes and axonal transport, whereas the re-activation of the former group of proteins in post-mitotic neurons primes for cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yo-Ichi Nabeshima
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
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16
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Howard CM, Bearss N, Subramaniyan B, Tilley A, Sridharan S, Villa N, Fraser CS, Raman D. The CXCR4-LASP1-eIF4F Axis Promotes Translation of Oncogenic Proteins in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:284. [PMID: 31106142 PMCID: PMC6499106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains clinically challenging as effective targeted therapies are lacking. In addition, patient mortality mainly results from the metastasized lesions. CXCR4 has been identified to be one of the major chemokine receptors involved in breast cancer metastasis. Previously, our lab had identified LIM and SH3 Protein 1 (LASP1) to be a key mediator in CXCR4-driven invasion. To further investigate the role of LASP1 in this process, a proteomic screen was employed and identified a novel protein-protein interaction between LASP1 and components of eukaryotic initiation 4F complex (eIF4F). We hypothesized that activation of the CXCR4-LASP1-eIF4F axis may contribute to the preferential translation of oncogenic mRNAs leading to breast cancer progression and metastasis. To test this hypothesis, we first confirmed that the gene expression of CXCR4, LASP1, and eIF4A are upregulated in invasive breast cancer. Moreover, we demonstrate that LASP1 associated with eIF4A in a CXCL12-dependent manner via a proximity ligation assay. We then confirmed this finding, and the association of LASP1 with eIF4B via co-immunoprecipitation assays. Furthermore, we show that LASP1 can interact with eIF4A and eIF4B through a GST-pulldown approach. Activation of CXCR4 signaling increased the translation of oncoproteins downstream of eIF4A. Interestingly, genetic silencing of LASP1 interrupted the ability of eIF4A to translate oncogenic mRNAs into oncoproteins. This impaired ability of eIF4A was confirmed by a previously established 5′UTR luciferase reporter assay. Finally, lack of LASP1 sensitizes 231S cells to pharmacological inhibition of eIF4A by Rocaglamide A as evident through BIRC5 expression. Overall, our work identified the CXCR4-LASP1 axis to be a novel mediator in oncogenic protein translation. Thus, our axis of study represents a potential target for future TNBC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Howard
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Nicole Bearss
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Boopathi Subramaniyan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Augustus Tilley
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Sangita Sridharan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Nancy Villa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Christopher S Fraser
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
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17
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Lin H, Ruan GY, Sun XQ, Chen XY, Zheng X, Sun PM. Effects of RNAi-induced Skp2 inhibition on cell cycle, apoptosis and proliferation of endometrial carcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3441-3450. [PMID: 30988723 PMCID: PMC6447788 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2) gene inhibition by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) on the cell cycle, apoptosis and proliferation of endometrial carcinoma HEC-1-A cells. A lentivirus shRNA vector targeting Skp2 was constructed and transfected into HEC-1-A cells. HEC-1-A cells transfected with a scramble sequence were used as negative controls. The mRNA and protein expression of Skp2, p27, cyclin D1 and caspase-3 were detected via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The effects of Skp2 inhibition on the cell cycle, apoptosis and proliferation of HEC-1-A cells were detected using flow cytometry and a cell counting kit-8. Skp2 co-expression data was analyzed using Oncomine and TCGA databases. The positive recombinant viral clones were identified via PCR and confirmed via sequencing. The mRNA and protein expression of Skp2 were significantly decreased in HEC-1-A cells transfected with the lentiviral vectors compared with the negative control. In addition, there were no significant changes in the mRNA expression of p27 and cyclin D1; however, the protein levels of p27 and cyclin D1 were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in HEC-1-A cells transfected with lentiviral vectors compared with negative controls. RNAi-induced Skp2 inhibition exerted an anti-proliferative effect by inducing cell cycle arrest, however cell apoptosis was not significantly affected. In the TCGA database, Skp2 expression positively associated with IGF2R, IGF2BP3, IGFBP1 and CCNF, while Skp2 expression negatively associated with IGF2, IGFBP6, IGFBP7 and IGFBP3. RNAi-induced Skp2 inhibition upregulated the protein expression of p27 and downregulated the protein expression of cyclin D1. The expression of Skp2 in endometrial cancer may therefore be regulated by the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Yu Ruan
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qi Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Ming Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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18
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Ramos-García P, González-Moles MÁ, González-Ruiz L, Ayén Á, Ruiz-Ávila I, Bravo M, Gil-Montoya JA. Clinicopathological significance of tumor cyclin D1 expression in oral cancer. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 99:177-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Weidle UH, Birzele F, Nopora A. MicroRNAs as Potential Targets for Therapeutic Intervention With Metastasis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:99-119. [PMID: 30850362 PMCID: PMC6489690 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The death toll of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is primarily due to metastases, which are poorly amenable to therapeutic intervention. In this review we focus on miRs associated with metastasis of NSCLC as potential new targets for anti-metastatic therapy. We discuss miRs validated as therapeutic targets by in vitro data, identification of target(s) and pathway(s) and in vivo efficacy data in at least one clinically-relevant metastasis-related model. A few of the discussed miRs correlate with the clinical status of NSCLC patients. Using miRs as therapeutic agents has the advantage that targeting a single miR can potentially interfere with several metastatic pathways. Depending on their mode of action, the corresponding miRs can be up- or down-regulated compared to normal matching tissues. Here, we describe therapeutic approaches for reconstitution therapy and miR inhibition, general principles of anti-metastatic therapy as well as current technical pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hofman La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adam Nopora
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
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20
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Zhang X, Zhang L, Tan X, Lin Y, Han X, Wang H, Ming H, Li Q, Liu K, Feng G. Systematic analysis of genes involved in oral cancer metastasis to lymph nodes. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:53. [PMID: 30459815 PMCID: PMC6237046 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer remains a deadly disease worldwide. Lymph node metastasis and invasion is one of the causes of death from oral cancer. Elucidating the mechanism of oral cancer lymph node metastasis and identifying critical regulatory genes are important for the treatment of this disease. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (gene signature) and pathways that contribute to oral cancer metastasis to lymph nodes. The GSE70604-associated study compared gene profiles in lymph nodes with metastasis of oral cancer to those of normal lymph nodes. The GSE2280-associated study compared gene profiles in primary tumor of oral cancer with lymph node metastasis to those in tumors without lymph node metastasis. There are 28 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showing consistent changes in both datasets in overlapping analysis. GO biological process and KEGG pathway analysis of these 28 DEGs identified the gene signature CCND1, JUN and SPP1, which are categorized as key regulatory genes involved in the focal adhesion pathway. Silencing expression of CCND1, JUN and SPP1 in the human oral cancer cell line OECM-1 confirmed that those genes play essential roles in oral cancer cell invasion. Analysis of clinical samples of oral cancer found a strong correlation of these genes with short survival, especially JUN expression associated with metastasis. Our study identified a unique gene signature - CCND1, JUN and SPP1 - which may be involved in oral cancer lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing'an Zhang
- 1Department of Stomatology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China.,2Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 95, People's south Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Lanfang Zhang
- 3Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyao Tan
- 1Department of Stomatology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Lin
- 4Department of Science and Education, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Han
- 1Department of Stomatology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Huadong Wang
- 1Department of Stomatology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Huawei Ming
- 1Department of Stomatology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujiang Li
- 2Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 95, People's south Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Liu
- 2Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 95, People's south Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Feng
- 2Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 95, People's south Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000 People's Republic of China
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Wang D, Wang R, Huang A, Fang Z, Wang K, He M, Xia JT, Li W. Upregulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes tumor metastasis and correlates with poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2628-2636. [PMID: 30226561 PMCID: PMC6151891 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that serves important roles in cancer. MIF overexpression is frequently observed in numerous human cancer types, including pancreatic carcinoma. However, the prognostic value and function of MIF in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, upregulation of MIF expression in PDAC tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue was observed. Furthermore, MIF overexpression was identified to be significantly associated with poor survival rates in patients with PDAC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that MIF was an independent risk factor for poor survival. Functional analyses demonstrated that MIF knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro compared with control cells. IN addition, mechanistic investigations revealed that silencing MIF leads to inhibition of AKT serine/threonine kinase and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase activation, and suppression of cyclin D1 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression, which may suppress tumor proliferation and invasion. These results highlight the importance of MIF overexpression in PDAC aggressiveness, and indicate that MIF may be a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Anpei Huang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zeng Fang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Kebing Wang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Meifang He
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Tang Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Wen Li
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of cyclin D1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2018; 83:96-106. [PMID: 30098785 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prognostic significance of cyclin D1 (CD1) overexpression in OSCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS We searched studies published before August 2017 (Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus). We evaluated the quality of the studies included (Quality in Prognosis Studies [QUIPS] tool). The impact of CD1 overexpression on overall survival and disease-free survival, T status, N status, stage, and histological degree was meta-analyzed. We analyzed heterogeneity among studies, conducted sensitivity analyses, analyzed small-study effects, and conducted subgroup analyses. RESULTS 31 studies (2942 patients) met inclusion criteria. Qualitative evaluation demonstrated that not all studies were performed with the same rigor, finding the greatest risk of bias in the study confounding domain. Quantitative evaluation showed that CD1 overexpression had a strong statistical association with worse overall survival (HR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.59-2.51, p < 0.001), worse disease-free survival (HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.13-1.87, p = 0.003), higher T status (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.07-2.13, p = 0.02), N+ status (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.60-2.92, p < 0.001), advanced stage (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.15-1.81, p = 0.002), and high histological grade (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.12-2.29, p = 0.010). We observed heterogeneity in all parameters except for disease-free survival and clinical stage. We found effect of small studies on T and N status. The tonguel SCC subgroup showed the strongest association between CD1 overexpression and worse development. In addition, application of a cutoff point ≥10% tumor cells with nuclear CD1 expression maintained most of the significant associations reported. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that immunohistochemical assessment of CD1 overexpression may be useful as a prognostic biomarker for OSCC.
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Bustany S, Bourgeais J, Tchakarska G, Body S, Hérault O, Gouilleux F, Sola B. Cyclin D1 unbalances the redox status controlling cell adhesion, migration, and drug resistance in myeloma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45214-45224. [PMID: 27286258 PMCID: PMC5216717 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions of multiple myeloma (MM) cells with their microenvironment are crucial for pathogenesis. MM cells could interact differentially with their microenvironment depending on the type of cyclin D they express. We established several clones that constitutively express cyclin D1 from the parental RPMI8226 MM cell line and analyzed the impact of cyclin D1 expression on cell behavior. We performed a gene expression profiling study on cyclin D1-expressing vs. control cells and validated the results by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of cyclin D1 altered the transcription of genes that control adhesion and migration. We confirmed that cyclin D1 increases cell adhesion to stromal cells and fibronectin, stabilizes F-actin fibers, and enhances chemotaxis and inflammatory chemokine secretion. Both control and cyclin D1-expressing cells were more resistant to acute carfilzomib treatment when cultured on stromal cells than in suspension. However, this resistance was specifically reduced in cyclin D1-expressing cells after pomalidomide pre-treatment that modifies tumor cell/microenvironment interactions. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that cyclin D1 expression was also associated with changes in the expression of genes controlling metabolism. We also found that cyclin D1 expression disrupted the redox balance by producing reactive oxygen species. The resulting oxidative stress activated the p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (or ERK1/2) signaling pathway, increased cell adhesion to fibronectin or stromal cells, and controlled drug sensitivity. Our results have uncovered a new function for cyclin D1 in the control of redox metabolism and interactions of cyclin D1-expressing MM cells with their bone marrow microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bustany
- Université de Caen Normandie, EA4652 (MILPAT), MICAH Team, Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Bourgeais
- Université François Rabelais, CNRS UMR 7292 (GICC), LNOx Team, Tours, France
| | - Guergana Tchakarska
- Université de Caen Normandie, EA4652 (MILPAT), MICAH Team, Caen, France.,Present address: Cytogenetics Laboratory, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Simon Body
- Université de Caen Normandie, EA4652 (MILPAT), MICAH Team, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Hérault
- Université François Rabelais, CNRS UMR 7292 (GICC), LNOx Team, Tours, France.,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, CHRU Tours, Tours, France
| | - Fabrice Gouilleux
- Université François Rabelais, CNRS UMR 7292 (GICC), LNOx Team, Tours, France
| | - Brigitte Sola
- Université de Caen Normandie, EA4652 (MILPAT), MICAH Team, Caen, France
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24
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Xiong DD, He RQ, Lan AH, Chen WJ, Luo YH, Ye ZH, Ma J, Chen G, Dang YW. Clinical significances of p27 in digestive tract cancers: a comprehensive analysis on immunohistochemistry staining, published literatures, microarray and RNA-seq data. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12284-12303. [PMID: 29552310 PMCID: PMC5844746 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis on the clinical roles of p27 protein and p27 gene in digestive tract cancers (DTCs). First, we performed immunohistochemistry staining and found that p27 protein was down-regulated in DTCs. Then we collected 62 publications and calculated the combined hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to clarify the relationships of p27 protein expression with prognoses and clinicopathological parameters. The overall HRs indicated that the down-regulated p27 protein was an independent prognostic biomarker for overall survival (HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.38-1.81, P < 0.0001) but not for disease-free survival and cancer-specific survival. The combined ORs indicated that a low expression of p27 protein was positively related to lymph node metastasis (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.57-2.96, P < 0.0001), distant metastasis (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.12-3.63, P = 0.019) and pathology grading (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.75-2.62, P < 0.0001). Additionally, 60 DTCs-related microarray and RNA-seq datasets were obtained to investigate the expression level and clinical value of p27 gene in DTCs patients. We found that the expression level of p27 gene in DTCs was similar to that in normal controls. And no significant associations of p27 gene expression with prognoses and clinicopathological factors were observed. In conclusion, according to our results, it was p27 protein, but not p27 gene, that can function as an effective biomarker to predict the clinical outcome in patients with DTCs. The down-regulation of p27 protein in DTCs may not result from the altered expression of p27 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Xiong
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Ai-Hua Lan
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Yi-Huan Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Ye
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, China
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25
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Nguyen HH, Tilton SC, Kemp CJ, Song M. Nonmonotonic Pathway Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Role of p27/Kip1 at Intermediate Dose. Cancer Inform 2017; 16:1176935117740132. [PMID: 29162974 PMCID: PMC5692148 DOI: 10.1177/1176935117740132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic basis by which the level of p27Kip1 expression influences tumor aggressiveness and patient mortality remains unclear. To elucidate the competing tumor-suppressing and oncogenic effects of p27Kip1 on gene expression in tumors, we analyzed the transcriptomes of squamous cell papilloma derived from Cdkn1b nullizygous, heterozygous, and wild-type mice. We developed a novel functional pathway analysis method capable of testing directional and nonmonotonic dose response. This analysis can reveal potential causal relationships that might have been missed by other nondirectional pathway analysis methods. Applying this method to capture dose-response curves in papilloma gene expression data, we show that several known cancer pathways are dominated by low-high-low gene expression responses to increasing p27 gene doses. The oncogene cyclin D1, whose expression is elevated at an intermediate p27 dose, is the most responsive gene shared by these cancer pathways. Therefore, intermediate levels of p27 may promote cellular processes favoring tumorigenesis-strikingly consistent with the dominance of heterozygous mutations in CDKN1B seen in human cancers. Our findings shed new light on regulatory mechanisms for both pro- and anti-tumorigenic roles of p27Kip1. Functional pathway dose-response analysis provides a unique opportunity to uncover nonmonotonic patterns in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien H Nguyen
- Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Susan C Tilton
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Christopher J Kemp
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mingzhou Song
- Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
- Mingzhou Song, Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
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26
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Chen J, Li X, Cheng Q, Ning D, Ma J, Zhang Z, Chen X, Jiang L. Retracted
: Effects of cyclin D1 gene silencing on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2368-2380. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical LaboratoryTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinP.R. China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP.R. China
| | - Deng Ning
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryJining No.1 People's HospitalJiningP.R. China
| | - Zhi‐Ping Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryJining No.1 People's HospitalJiningP.R. China
| | - Xiao‐Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP.R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanP.R. China
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27
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Cytoplasmic cyclin D1 controls the migration and invasiveness of mantle lymphoma cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13946. [PMID: 29066743 PMCID: PMC5654982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a hematologic neoplasm characterised by the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation leading to aberrant cyclin D1 expression. The cell functions of cyclin D1 depend on its partners and/or subcellular distribution, resulting in different oncogenic properties. We observed the accumulation of cyclin D1 in the cytoplasm of a subset of MCL cell lines and primary cells. In primary cells, this cytoplasmic distribution was correlated with a more frequent blastoid phenotype. We performed immunoprecipitation assays and mass spectrometry on enriched cytosolic fractions from two cell lines. The cyclin D1 interactome was found to include several factors involved in adhesion, migration and invasion. We found that the accumulation of cyclin D1 in the cytoplasm was associated with higher levels of migration and invasiveness. We also showed that MCL cells with high cytoplasmic levels of cyclin D1 engrafted more rapidly into the bone marrow, spleen, and brain in immunodeficient mice. Both migration and invasion processes, both in vivo and in vitro, were counteracted by the exportin 1 inhibitor KPT-330, which retains cyclin D1 in the nucleus. Our data reveal a role of cytoplasmic cyclin D1 in the control of MCL cell migration and invasion, and as a true operator of MCL pathogenesis.
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28
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Chen H, Xu X, Wang G, Zhang B, Wang G, Xin G, Liu J, Jiang Q, Zhang H, Zhang C. CDK4 protein is degraded by anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome in mitosis and reaccumulates in early G 1 phase to initiate a new cell cycle in HeLa cells. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10131-10141. [PMID: 28446612 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CDK4 regulates G1/S phase transition in the mammalian cell cycle by phosphorylating retinoblastoma family proteins. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of CDK4 activity is not fully understood. Here, we show that CDK4 protein is degraded by anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) during metaphase-anaphase transition in HeLa cells, whereas its main regulator, cyclin D1, remains intact but is sequestered in cytoplasm. CDK4 protein reaccumulates in the following G1 phase and shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm to facilitate the nuclear import of cyclin D1. Without CDK4, cyclin D1 cannot enter the nucleus. Point mutations that disrupt CDK4 and cyclin D1 interaction impair the nuclear import of cyclin D1 and the activity of CDK4. RNAi knockdown of CDK4 also induces cytoplasmic retention of cyclin D1 and G0/G1 phase arrest of the cells. Collectively, our data demonstrate that CDK4 protein is degraded in late mitosis and reaccumulates in the following G1 phase to facilitate the nuclear import of cyclin D1 for activation of CKD4 to initiate a new cell cycle in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Chen
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guopeng Wang
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Boyan Zhang
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gang Wang
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guangwei Xin
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- the Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768
| | - Qing Jiang
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- the Cancer Research Center, Peking University Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and
| | - Chuanmao Zhang
- From the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,
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29
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Ramos-García P, Gil-Montoya JA, Scully C, Ayén A, González-Ruiz L, Navarro-Triviño FJ, González-Moles MA. An update on the implications of cyclin D1 in oral carcinogenesis. Oral Dis 2017; 23:897-912. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - JA Gil-Montoya
- School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - C Scully
- University College of London; London UK
| | - A Ayén
- School of Medicine; University of Granada; Granada Spain
| | - L González-Ruiz
- Servicio de Dermatología; Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real; Ciudad Real Spain
| | - FJ Navarro-Triviño
- Servicio de Dermatología; Complejo Hospitalario San Cecilio; Granada Spain
| | - MA González-Moles
- School of Dentistry; University of Granada; Granada Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina; University of Granada; Granada Spain
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30
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Jeannot P, Nowosad A, Perchey RT, Callot C, Bennana E, Katsube T, Mayeux P, Guillonneau F, Manenti S, Besson A. p27 Kip1 promotes invadopodia turnover and invasion through the regulation of the PAK1/Cortactin pathway. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28287395 PMCID: PMC5388532 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
p27Kip1 (p27) is a cyclin-CDK inhibitor and negative regulator of cell proliferation. p27 also controls other cellular processes including migration and cytoplasmic p27 can act as an oncogene. Furthermore, cytoplasmic p27 promotes invasion and metastasis, in part by promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Herein, we find that p27 promotes cell invasion by binding to and regulating the activity of Cortactin, a critical regulator of invadopodia formation. p27 localizes to invadopodia and limits their number and activity. p27 promotes the interaction of Cortactin with PAK1. In turn, PAK1 promotes invadopodia turnover by phosphorylating Cortactin, and expression of Cortactin mutants for PAK-targeted sites abolishes p27’s effect on invadopodia dynamics. Thus, in absence of p27, cells exhibit increased invadopodia stability due to impaired PAK1-Cortactin interaction, but their invasive capacity is reduced compared to wild-type cells. Overall, we find that p27 directly promotes cell invasion by facilitating invadopodia turnover via the Rac1/PAK1/Cortactin pathway. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22207.001 When animals develop from embryos to adults, or try to heal wounds later in life, their cells have to move. Moving means that the cells must invade into their surroundings, a dense network of proteins called the extracellular matrix. The cell first attaches to the extracellular matrix; degrades it; and then moves into the newly opened space. Cells have developed specialized structures called invadosomes to enable all these steps. Invadosomes are never static, they first assemble where cells interact with extracellular matrix, they then release proteins that loosen the matrix, and finally disassemble again to allow cells to move. Invadosomes in cancer cells often become overactive, and can allow the tumor cells to spread throughout the body. A lot of different proteins are involved in controlling how and when cells move. p27 is a well-known protein usually found in a cell’s nucleus along with the cell’s DNA. Inside the nucleus, p27 suppresses tumor growth by stopping cells from dividing. However, often in cancer cells p27 moves outside of the cell’s nucleus where it contributes to cell movement via an unknown mechanism. To answer how p27 controls cell invasion, Jeannot et al. used a biochemical technique to uncover which proteins p27 binds to when it is outside of the nucleus. One of its interaction partners was called Cortactin. This protein is known to be an important building block of invadosomes, and is involved in both the assembly and disassembly of these structures. In further experiments, Jeannot studied mouse cells with or without p27 and human cancer cells that can be grown in the laboratory. The experiments revealed that p27 promotes an enzyme called PAK1 to also bind to Cortactin. PAK1 then modified Cortactin, causing whole invadosomes to disassemble, which in turn allowed cells to de-attach from the matrix and move forward. In contrast, cells lacking p27 had more stable invadosomes, attached more strongly to the matrix and were better at degrading it, but could not invade as well as cells with p27. Overall these experiments showed a new way that p27 promotes cell invasion. The next steps will include finding out exactly how the modification of Cortactin causes the invadosomes to disassemble. Furthermore, it will be important to study whether forcing p27 back into the nucleus can reduce the spread of cancer cells in the body. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22207.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Jeannot
- INSERM UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
| | - Ada Nowosad
- INSERM UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
| | - Renaud T Perchey
- INSERM UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Callot
- INSERM UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
| | - Evangeline Bennana
- 3P5 proteomics facility of the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Patrick Mayeux
- 3P5 proteomics facility of the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Guillonneau
- 3P5 proteomics facility of the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Manenti
- INSERM UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Besson
- INSERM UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
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31
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Farahmand L, Darvishi B, Majidzadeh‐A K, Madjid Ansari A. Naturally occurring compounds acting as potent anti-metastatic agents and their suppressing effects on Hedgehog and WNT/β-catenin signalling pathways. Cell Prolif 2017; 50:e12299. [PMID: 27669681 PMCID: PMC6529111 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous remarkable achievements in the field of anti-cancer therapy, tumour relapse and metastasis still remain major obstacles in improvement of overall cancer survival, which may be at least partially owing to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Multiple signalling pathways have been identified in EMT; however, it appears that the role of the Hedgehog and WNT/β-catenin pathways are more prominent than others. These are well-known preserved intracellular regulatory pathways of different cellular functions including proliferation, survival, adhesion and differentiation. Over the last few decades, several naturally occurring compounds have been identified to significantly obstruct several intermediates in Hedgehog and WNT/β-catenin signalling, eventually resulting in suppression of signal transduction. This article highlights the current state of knowledge associated with Hedgehog and WNT/β-catenin, their involvement in metastasis through EMT processes and introduction of the most potent naturally occurring agents with capability of suppressing them, eventually overcoming tumour relapse, invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Farahmand
- Cancer Genetics DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterACECRTehranIran
| | - B. Darvishi
- Recombinant Proteins DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterACECRTehranIran
| | - K. Majidzadeh‐A
- Cancer Genetics DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterACECRTehranIran
- Tasnim Biotechnology Research Center (TBRC)school of medicineAJA University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - A. Madjid Ansari
- Cancer Alternative and Complementary Medicine DepartmentBreast Cancer Research CenterACECRTehranIran
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32
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Pedraza N, Cemeli T, Monserrat MV, Garí E, Ferrezuelo F. Regulation of small GTPase activity by G1 cyclins. Small GTPases 2017; 10:47-53. [PMID: 28129038 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1268665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) partner G1 cyclins control cell cycle entry by phosphorylating a number of nuclear targets and releasing a transcriptional program at the end of G1 phase. Yeast G1 cyclins also operate on cytoplasmic targets involved in the polarization of the cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking. These processes are mainly controlled by the small GTPase Cdc42, and G1 cyclins regulate the activity of this and other small GTPases through the modulation of their regulators and effectors. This regulation is key for different developmental outcomes in unicellular organisms. In mammalian cells cytoplasmic G1 cyclin D1 has been shown to promote the activity of Rac1 and Ral GTPases and to block RhoA. Regulation of these small GTPases by G1 cyclins may constitute a mechanism to coordinate proliferation with cell migration and morphogenesis, important processes not only during normal development and organogenesis but also for tumor formation and metastasis. Here we briefly review the evidence supporting a role of G1 cyclins and CDKs as regulators of the activity of small GTPases, emphasizing their functional relevance both in budding yeast and in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Pedraza
- a Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida) , and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques , Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida , Lleida , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Tània Cemeli
- a Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida) , and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques , Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida , Lleida , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Ma Ventura Monserrat
- a Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida) , and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques , Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida , Lleida , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- a Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida) , and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques , Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida , Lleida , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Francisco Ferrezuelo
- a Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida) , and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques , Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida , Lleida , Catalonia , Spain
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33
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Cyclin D1 silencing suppresses tumorigenicity, impairs DNA double strand break repair and thus radiosensitizes androgen-independent prostate cancer cells to DNA damage. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5383-400. [PMID: 26689991 PMCID: PMC4868693 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with hormone-resistant prostate cancer (PCa) have higher biochemical failure rates following radiation therapy (RT). Cyclin D1 deregulated expression in PCa is associated with a more aggressive disease: however its role in radioresistance has not been determined. Cyclin D1 levels in the androgen-independent PC3 and 22Rv1 PCa cells were stably inhibited by infecting with cyclin D1-shRNA. Tumorigenicity and radiosensitivity were investigated using in vitro and in vivo experimental assays. Cyclin D1 silencing interfered with PCa oncogenic phenotype by inducing growth arrest in the G1 phase of cell cycle and reducing soft agar colony formation, migration, invasion in vitro and tumor formation and neo-angiogenesis in vivo. Depletion of cyclin D1 significantly radiosensitizes PCa cells by increasing the RT-induced DNA damages by affecting the NHEJ and HR pathways responsible of the DNA double-strand break repair. Following treatment of cells with RT the abundance of a biomarker of DNA damage, γ-H2AX, was dramatically increased in sh-cyclin D1 treated cells compared to shRNA control. Concordant with these observations DNA-PKcs-activation and RAD51-accumulation, part of the DNA double-strand break repair machinery, were reduced in shRNA-cyclin D1 treated cells compared to shRNA control. We further demonstrate the physical interaction between CCND1 with activated-ATM, -DNA-PKcs and RAD51 is enhanced by RT. Finally, siRNA-mediated silencing experiments indicated DNA-PKcs and RAD51 are downstream targets of CCND1-mediated PCa cells radioresistance. In summary, these observations suggest that CCND1 is a key mediator of PCa radioresistance and could represent a potential target for radioresistant hormone-resistant PCa.
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Benedetti E, d'Angelo M, Ammazzalorso A, Gravina GL, Laezza C, Antonosante A, Panella G, Cinque B, Cristiano L, Dhez AC, Astarita C, Galzio R, Cifone MG, Ippoliti R, Amoroso R, Di Cesare E, Giordano A, Cimini A. PPARα Antagonist AA452 Triggers Metabolic Reprogramming and Increases Sensitivity to Radiation Therapy in Human Glioblastoma Primary Cells. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1458-1466. [PMID: 27736000 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common cancer in the brain and with an increasing incidence. Despite major advances in the field, there is no curative therapy for GB to date. Many solid tumors, including GB, experienced metabolic reprogramming in order to sustain uncontrolled proliferation, hypoxic conditions, and angiogenesis. PPARs, member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, are particularly involved in the control of energetic metabolism, particularly lipid metabolism, which has been reported deregulated in gliomas. PPARα was previously indicated by us as a potential therapeutic target for this neoplasm, due to the malignancy grade dependency of its expression, being particularly abundant in GB. In this work, we used a new PPARα antagonist on patient-derived GB primary cells, with particular focus on the effects on lipid metabolism and response to radiotherapy. The results obtained demonstrated that blocking PPARα results in cell death induction, increase of radiosensitivity, and decrease of migration. Therefore, AA452 is proposed as a new adjuvant for the gold standard therapies for GB, opening the possibility for preclinical and clinical trials for this class of compounds. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1458-1466, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Benedetti
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Antonosante
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gloria Panella
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cinque
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Loredana Cristiano
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anne Chloè Dhez
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Carlo Astarita
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Renato Galzio
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cifone
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Ippoliti
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ernesto Di Cesare
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Depatment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Assergi, Italy
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35
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Yang WR, Zhu FW, Zhang JJ, Wang Y, Zhang JH, Lu C, Wang XZ. PI3K/Akt Activated by GPR30 and Src Regulates 17β-Estradiol-Induced Cultured Immature Boar Sertoli Cells Proliferation. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:57-66. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719116649696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Rong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng-Wei Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Hua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian-Zhong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing, China
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36
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Hwang SJ, Lee HW, Kim HR, Song HJ, Lee DH, Lee H, Shin CH, Joung JG, Kim DH, Joo KM, Kim HH. Overexpression of microRNA-95-3p suppresses brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma through downregulation of cyclin D1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20434-48. [PMID: 25971210 PMCID: PMC4653016 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great efforts to improve survival rates, the prognosis of lung cancer patients is still very poor, mainly due to high invasiveness. We developed brain metastatic PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells through intracardiac injection of lung adenocarcinoma PC14PE6 cells. Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses revealed that PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells had mesenchymal characteristics and higher invasiveness than PC14PE6 cells. We found that cyclin D1 was upregulated, miR-95-3p was inversely downregulated, and pri-miR-95 and its host gene, ABLIM2, were consistently decreased in PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells. MiR-95-3p suppressed cyclin D1 expression through direct binding to the 3′ UTR of cyclin D1 mRNA and suppressed invasiveness, proliferation, and clonogenicity of PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells. Ectopic cyclin D1 reversed miR-95-3p-mediated inhibition of invasiveness and clonogenicity, demonstrating cyclin D1 downregulation is involved in function of miR-95-3p. Using bioluminescence imaging, we found that miR-95-3p suppressed orthotopic tumorigenicity and brain metastasis in vivo and increased overall survival and brain metastasis-free survival. Consistent with in vitro metastatic cells, the levels of miR-95-3p, pri-miR-95, and ABLIM2 mRNA were decreased in brain metastatic tissues compared with lung cancer tissues and higher cyclin D1 expression was involved in poor prognosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR-95- 3p is a potential therapeutic target for brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ree Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Song
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Heon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Shin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Gun Joung
- Translational Bioinformatics Laboratory, Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Center for Genome Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ho Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Fusté NP, Ferrezuelo F, Garí E. Cyclin D1 promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by cytoplasmic mechanisms. Mol Cell Oncol 2016; 3:e1203471. [PMID: 27857971 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2016.1203471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Amplification of cyclin D1 is a frequent alteration in many cancers of different type and origin. We recently described a novel regulatory axis involving cyclin D1 in the regulation of tumor invasion and metastasis. Membrane-associated cyclin D1-CDK4 complexes promote activation of the small GTPase RAC1 through phosphorylation of the regulatory protein paxillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel P Fusté
- Cell Cycle laboratory, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain; Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ferrezuelo
- Cell Cycle laboratory, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain; Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- Cell Cycle laboratory, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB Lleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain; Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
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38
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Fusté NP, Fernández-Hernández R, Cemeli T, Mirantes C, Pedraza N, Rafel M, Torres-Rosell J, Colomina N, Ferrezuelo F, Dolcet X, Garí E. Cytoplasmic cyclin D1 regulates cell invasion and metastasis through the phosphorylation of paxillin. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11581. [PMID: 27181366 PMCID: PMC4873647 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 (Ccnd1) together with its binding partner Cdk4 act as a transcriptional regulator to control cell proliferation and migration, and abnormal Ccnd1·Cdk4 expression promotes tumour growth and metastasis. While different nuclear Ccnd1·Cdk4 targets participating in cell proliferation and tissue development have been identified, little is known about how Ccnd1·Cdk4 controls cell adherence and invasion. Here, we show that the focal adhesion component paxillin is a cytoplasmic substrate of Ccnd1·Cdk4. This complex phosphorylates a fraction of paxillin specifically associated to the cell membrane, and promotes Rac1 activation, thereby triggering membrane ruffling and cell invasion in both normal fibroblasts and tumour cells. Our results demonstrate that localization of Ccnd1·Cdk4 to the cytoplasm does not simply act to restrain cell proliferation, but constitutes a functionally relevant mechanism operating under normal and pathological conditions to control cell adhesion, migration and metastasis through activation of a Ccnd1·Cdk4-paxillin-Rac1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel P Fusté
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rita Fernández-Hernández
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tània Cemeli
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Mirantes
- Oncopathology Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Pedraza
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Rafel
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Torres-Rosell
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Colomina
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ferrezuelo
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncopathology Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
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Pastorkova Z, Skarda J, Andel J. The role of microRNA in metastatic processes of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2016; 160:343-57. [PMID: 27108604 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2016.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are small non-coding one-stranded RNA molecules that play an important role in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes. Bioinformatic predictions indicate that each miRNA can regulate hundreds of target genes. MicroRNA expression can be associated with various cellular processes leading to the metastasis of malignant tumours including non-small cell lung carcinoma. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of microRNAs in NSCLC metastasis to the brain and lymph nodes. METHODS A search of the NCBI/PubMed database for publications on expression levels and the mechanisms of microRNA action in NSCLC metastasis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Dysregulation of microRNAs in NSCLC can be associated with brain and lymph node metastasis. There are differences in microRNA expression profiling between NSCLC with and without metastases but it is currently not possible to reliably predict the site of metastasis in NSCLC. Based on data from RNAmicroarrays, bioinformatics analysis is able to predict the target genes of highlighted microRNAs, providing us with complex information about cancer cell features such as enhanced proliferation, migration and invasion. Such microRNAs may then be knocked-down using siRNAs or substituted with miRNA mimics. RNA microarray profiling may thus be a useful tool to select up- or down-regulated microRNAs. A number of authors suggest that microRNAs could serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Pastorkova
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Skarda
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Andel
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
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40
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Bendris N, Lemmers B, Blanchard JM. Cell cycle, cytoskeleton dynamics and beyond: the many functions of cyclins and CDK inhibitors. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:1786-98. [PMID: 25789852 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2014.998085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While targeting experiments carried out on the genes encoding many cell cycle regulators have challenged our views of cell cycle control, they also suggest that redundancy might not be the only explanation for the observed perplexing phenotypes. Indeed, several observations hint at functions of cyclins and CDK inhibitors that cannot be accounted for by their sole role as kinase regulators. They are found involved in many cellular transactions, depending or not on CDKs that are not directly linked to cell cycle control, but participating to general mechanisms such as transcription, DNA repair or cytoskeleton dynamics. In this review we discuss the roles that these alternative functions might have in cancer cell proliferation and migration that sometime even challenge their definition as proliferation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Bendris
- a Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier; CNRS; Montpellier; France; Université Montpellier 2 ; Place Eugène Bataillon; Montpellier , France
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Abstract
p27(Kip1) was first discovered as a key regulator of cell proliferation. The canonical function of p27(Kip1) is inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity. In addition to its initial identification as a CDK inhibitor, p27(Kip1) has also emerged as an intrinsically unstructured, multifunctional protein with numerous non-canonical, CDK-independent functions that exert influence on key processes such as cell cycle regulation, cytoskeletal dynamics and cellular plasticity, cell migration, and stem-cell proliferation and differentiation. Many of these non-canonical functions, depending on the cell-specific contexts such as oncogenic activation of signaling pathways, have the ability to turn pro-oncogenic in nature and even contribute to tumor-aggressiveness and metastasis. This review discusses the various non-canonical, CDK-independent mechanisms by which p27(Kip1) functions either as a tumor-suppressor or tumor-promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savitha S Sharma
- a Gibbs Cancer Center & Research Institute , Spartanburg , SC , USA
| | - W Jackson Pledger
- a Gibbs Cancer Center & Research Institute , Spartanburg , SC , USA.,b Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine , Department of Molecular Medicine , Spartanburg , SC , USA
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42
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Non-canonical functions of cell cycle cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2016; 17:280-92. [PMID: 27033256 DOI: 10.1038/nrm.2016.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The roles of cyclins and their catalytic partners, the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), as core components of the machinery that drives cell cycle progression are well established. Increasing evidence indicates that mammalian cyclins and CDKs also carry out important functions in other cellular processes, such as transcription, DNA damage repair, control of cell death, differentiation, the immune response and metabolism. Some of these non-canonical functions are performed by cyclins or CDKs, independently of their respective cell cycle partners, suggesting that there was a substantial divergence in the functions of these proteins during evolution.
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43
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Changing molecular profile of brain metastases compared with matched breast primary cancers and impact on clinical outcomes. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:793-800. [PMID: 26908328 PMCID: PMC4984859 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer commonly metastasises to the brain, but little is known about changes in the molecular profile of the brain secondaries and impact on clinical outcomes. Methods: Patients with samples from brain metastases and matched breast cancers were included. Immunohistochemical analysis for oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, p27kip1, cyclin D1, epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin like growth factor 1, insulin like growth factor 1 receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor A, transforming growth factor-β and HER2 receptor was performed. Borderline HER2 results were analysed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation. Levels of expression were compared, with review of effect on clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 41 patients were included. Of the patients, 20% had a change in oestrogen receptor or HER2 in their brain metastasis that could affect therapeutic decisions. There were statistically significant rises in brain metastases for p27kip1 (P=0.023) and cyclin D1 (P=0.030) and a fall in vascular endothelial growth factor A (P=0.012). Overall survival from the time of metastasis increased significantly with oestrogen receptor-positive (P=0.005) and progesterone receptor-positive (P=0.013) brain lesions and with a longer duration from diagnosis of the breast primary (P<0.001). Conclusions: In this cohort there were phenotypic differences in metastatic brain tumours compared with matched primary breast tumours. These could be relevant for aetiology, and have an impact on prognostication, current and future therapies.
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Casimiro MC, Di Sante G, Ju X, Li Z, Chen K, Crosariol M, Yaman I, Gormley M, Meng H, Lisanti MP, Pestell RG. Cyclin D1 Promotes Androgen-Dependent DNA Damage Repair in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2015; 76:329-38. [PMID: 26582866 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Therapy resistance and poor outcome in prostate cancer is associated with increased expression of cyclin D1. Androgens promote DNA double-strand break repair to reduce DNA damage, and cyclin D1 was also shown to enhance DNA damage repair (DDR). In this study, we investigated the significance of cyclin D1 in androgen-induced DDR using established prostate cancer cells and prostate tissues from cyclin D1 knockout mice. We demonstrate that endogenous cyclin D1 further diminished the dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-dependent reduction of γH2AX foci in vitro. We also show that cyclin D1 was required for the androgen-dependent DNA damage response both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, cyclin D1 was required for androgen-enhanced DDR and radioresistance of prostate cancer cells. Moreover, microarray analysis of primary prostate epithelial cells from cyclin D1-deficient and wild-type mice demonstrated that most of the DHT-dependent gene expression changes are also cyclin D1 dependent. Collectively, our findings suggest that the hormone-mediated recruitment of cyclin D1 to sites of DDR may facilitate the resistance of prostate cancer cells to DNA damage therapies and highlight the need to explore other therapeutic approaches in prostate cancer to prevent or overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew C Casimiro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaoming Ju
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Department of Science and Technology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Marco Crosariol
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ismail Yaman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Gormley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hui Meng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. University of Manchester, Manchester Breast Center, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G Pestell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
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Ingawale DK, Mandlik SK, Patel SS. An emphasis on molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects and glucocorticoid resistance. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 12:1-13. [PMID: 25503867 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2014-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) are universally accepted agents for the treatment of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive disorders. They are used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases and various inflammatory diseases such as allergy, asthma and sepsis. They bind with GC receptor (GR) and form GC-GR complex with the receptor and exert their actions. On activation the GC-GR complex up-regulates the expression of nucleus anti-inflammatory proteins called as transactivation and down-regulates the expression of cytoplasmic pro-inflammatory proteins called as transrepression. It has been observed that transactivation mechanisms are notorious for side effects and transrepressive mechanisms are identified for beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of GC therapy. GC hampers the function of numerous inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, arachidonic acid metabolites, release of platelet-activating factor (PAF), inflammatory peptides and enzyme modulation involved in the process of inflammation. The GC resistance is a serious therapeutic problem and limits the therapeutic response of GC in chronic inflammatory patients. It has been observed that the GC resistance can be attributed to cellular microenvironment changes, as a consequence of chronic inflammation. Various other factors responsible for resistance have been identified, including alterations in both GR-dependent and GR-independent signaling pathways of cytokine action, hypoxia, oxidative stress, allergen exposure and serum-derived factors. The present review enumerates various aspects of inflammation such as use of GC for treatment of inflammation and its mechanism of action. Molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of GC and GC resistance, alternative anti-inflammatory treatments and new strategy for reversing the GC resistance have also been discussed.
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Grewal R, Cucuianu A, Swanepoel C, Dima D, Petrushev B, Pop B, Berindan-Neagoe I, Abayomi EA, Tomuleasa C. The role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of HIV-related lymphomas. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2015. [PMID: 26218036 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2015.1030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of HIV-related lymphomas (HRLs) is increased by 60-100 times in patients with HIV. When compared to the general population, patients with HRLs often present with extranodal lymphoid proliferation, most frequently of the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, liver and bone marrow. MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding double-stranded RNA molecules of 18-25 nucleotides that regulate post-translational gene expression by inhibiting translation or promoting degradation of messenger RNA complementary sequences. Before their discovery, tumorigenesis was thought to have been caused by the alteration of protein-coding oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, but once identified in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, miRs function as either oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes was confirmed in different types of malignancies. Since miRs are clearly involved in tumorigenesis in many cancers, their role in HRLs is now receiving attention. A few studies have been conducted thus far in some HRLs on the involvement of miR in the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies. Since B-cell lymphomas arise from various stages of B-cell development in both HIV-infected and HIV-naïve patients, investigators have tried to determine the different miR signatures in B-cell development. As classic immunohistochemistry staining is sometimes not enough for the differential diagnosis of HRLs, in the present review, we have described the potential use of miRs in the prognosis and diagnosis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravnit Grewal
- a Division of Hematopathology , Tygerberg Academic Hospital , Tygerberg , South Africa
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Srinivasan A, Thangavel C, Liu Y, Shoyele S, Den RB, Selvakumar P, Lakshmikuttyamma A. Quercetin regulates β-catenin signaling and reduces the migration of triple negative breast cancer. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:743-56. [PMID: 25968914 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a lack in estrogen, progesterone, and epidermal growth factor 2 receptors. TNBC exhibits most of the characteristics of basal-like and claudin-low breast cancer subtypes. The main contributor in the mortality of TNBC is due to the higher invasive and migratory ability of these tumor cells. Some plant flavonoids inhibit the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells and suppress cancer metastasis. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the flavonoid quercetin is effective in modulating the molecular signaling associated with EMT in TNBC. Our data indicated that quercetin can induce the expression of E-cadherin and also downregulate vimentin levels in TNBC. The ability of quercetin to modulate these EMT markers resulted in a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). Quercetin-induced MET was linked with the alteration of nuclear localization of β-catenin and modulation of β-catenin target genes such as cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Furthermore, we observed that quercetin induced the anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin by inhibiting the migratory ability of TNBC cells. These results suggested that quercetin may inhibit TNBC metastasis and also improve the therapeutic efficacy of existing chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chellappagounder Thangavel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sunday Shoyele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert B Den
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ponniah Selvakumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashakumary Lakshmikuttyamma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Bustany S, Cahu J, Guardiola P, Sola B. Cyclin D1 sensitizes myeloma cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis by activating the unfolded protein response pathway. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:262. [PMID: 25881299 PMCID: PMC4399746 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1240-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclin D1 and its kinase partners control cell cycle progression. Cyclin D1 is frequently deregulated in various cancers, including malignant hemopathies, and tumor cells display uncontrolled cell proliferation. Cyclin D1 is not expressed in the B-cell lineage but is found in multiple myeloma (MM) cells in almost 50% of patients with this condition. Paradoxically, cyclin D1 expression is associated with a good prognosis and longer overall survival in MM patients. Methods We used two independent MM cell lines (RPMI 8226 and LP1) to generate several clones stably expressing either the green fluorescent protein (GFP) or a GFP-cyclin D1 fusion protein, and we analyzed the properties acquired following cyclin D1 expression. Results Whole-genome expression analysis in the cell clones indicated that cyclin D1 profoundly modified several cellular functions, including the regulation of apoptotic cell death. We studied the apoptotic response of GFP- and GFP-cyclin D1-expressing clones to bortezomib-treatment. We found that the apoptotic response occurred faster and was of a greater amplitude in cyclin D1-expressing cells. Cyclin D1 expression enhanced the caspase-dependent apoptosis mediated by the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. More importantly, cyclin D1 also activated the unfolded protein response (UPR) and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis. Conclusion The ER is well known to be a crucial regulator of plasma cell death and it plays the same role in their malignant counterparts, myeloma cells. This role involves activation of the UPR controlled at least in part by cyclin D1. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1240-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Cahu
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, EA4652, Caen, France.
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Zhou C, Zhang P, Xu GC, Wu DM, Liu RY, Zeng Q, Wang CT. RNA interference of Biot2 induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in mouse colorectal cancer cell line. Oncol Res 2015; 22:93-103. [PMID: 25706396 PMCID: PMC7838428 DOI: 10.3727/096504014x14146137738583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biot2 is a tumor-associated antigen, and it is a novel gene (GenBank EF100607) that was first identified with the SEREX technique and named by our laboratory. It is highly expressed in cancer cells and testis, with low or no expression in normal tissues. In our previous study, RNA interference of human Biot2 can inhibit tumor cell growth, and it is associated with poor prognosis of patients in clinical study; however, the mechanism of Biot2 that effects tumor growth is not yet clear. Here, in this study, we explore further the mechanism of Biot2 by silencing Biot2 in CT26 cells. It provides some theoretical basis for Biot2 as a new target for gene therapy. In CT26 cells, the expression of Biot2 was downregulated by Biot2-shRNA. It also promoted G1 phase arrest, the expression of p16 and p21, and cell apoptosis. In the mouse model, the tumor volume and the expression of PCNA of the Biot2-shRNA group significantly decreased. These results suggest that silencing Biot2 in CT26 cells by RNA interference can inhibit cell growth in vitro and in vivo. It also induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and apoptosis throughout regulation of p16 and p21. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Biot2 can be a potential target of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Cekanova M, Fernando RI, Siriwardhana N, Sukhthankar M, Parra CDL, Woraratphoka J, Malone C, Ström A, Baek SJ, Wade PA, Saxton AM, Donnell RM, Pestell RG, Dharmawardhane S, Wimalasena J. BCL-2 family protein, BAD is down-regulated in breast cancer and inhibits cell invasion. Exp Cell Res 2014; 331:1-10. [PMID: 25499972 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the anti-apoptotic protein BAD is expressed in normal human breast tissue and shown that BAD inhibits expression of cyclin D1 to delay cell-cycle progression in breast cancer cells. Herein, expression of proteins in breast tissues was studied by immunohistochemistry and results were analyzed statistically to obtain semi-quantitative data. Biochemical and functional changes in BAD-overexpressing MCF7 breast cancer cells were evaluated using PCR, reporter assays, western blotting, ELISA and extracellular matrix invasion assays. Compared to normal tissues, Grade II breast cancers expressed low total/phosphorylated forms of BAD in both cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. BAD overexpression decreased the expression of β-catenin, Sp1, and phosphorylation of STATs. BAD inhibited Ras/MEK/ERK and JNK signaling pathways, without affecting the p38 signaling pathway. Expression of the metastasis-related proteins, MMP10, VEGF, SNAIL, CXCR4, E-cadherin and TlMP2 was regulated by BAD with concomitant inhibition of extracellular matrix invasion. Inhibition of BAD by siRNA increased invasion and Akt/p-Akt levels. Clinical data and the results herein suggest that in addition to the effect on apoptosis, BAD conveys anti-metastatic effects and is a valuable prognostic marker in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cekanova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Romaine I Fernando
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Medical Center, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Nalin Siriwardhana
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Mugdha Sukhthankar
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Columba de la Parra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Jirayus Woraratphoka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Medical Center, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Christine Malone
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Anders Ström
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seung J Baek
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Paul A Wade
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Arnold M Saxton
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Robert M Donnell
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Richard G Pestell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Suranganie Dharmawardhane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Jay Wimalasena
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Medical Center, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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