1
|
Nose K, Taniguchi K, Fujita M, Moyama C, Mori M, Ishita M, Yoshida T, Ii H, Sakai T, Nakata S. γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase is transcriptionally regulated by c-Jun and controls proliferation of glioblastoma stem cells through Notch1 levels. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00835-y. [PMID: 39394529 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00835-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) have been reported to cause poor prognosis of glioblastoma by contributing to therapy resistance. γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase (GGCT) is highly expressed in various cancer types, including glioblastoma, and its inhibition suppresses cancer cell growth. However, the mechanism of GGCT overexpression and its function in GSCs are unknown. In this study, we show that GGCT is highly expressed in GSCs established from a mouse glioblastoma model and its knockdown suppresses their proliferation. Effects of NRas and its downstream transcription factor c-Jun on GGCT expression were analyzed; NRas knockdown reduced c-Jun and GGCT expression. Knockdown of c-Jun also reduced expression levels of GGCT and inhibited cell proliferation. Consistent with this, pharmacological inhibition of c-Jun with SP600125 reduced GGCT and inhibited GSC proliferation. Furthermore, the GGCT promoter-reporter assay with mutagenesis demonstrated that c-Jun regulates the activity of the GGCT promoter via AP-1 consensus sequence. Gene expression analysis revealed that GGCT knockdown showed a repressive effect on the Delta-Notch pathway and decreased Notch1 expression. Notch1 knockdown alone inhibited the GSC proliferation, confirming that Notch1 is functional in this model. Forced expression of the Notch1 intracellular domain restored the growth inhibitory effect of GGCT knockdown. Moreover, GGCT knockdown inhibited GSC tumorigenic potential in vivo. These results indicate that GGCT, whose expression is promoted by c-Jun, plays an important role in the proliferation and tumorigenic potential of GSCs, and that the phenotype caused by its knockdown is contributed by a decrease in Notch1. Thus, GGCT may represent a novel therapeutic target for attacking GSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kozue Nose
- Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Taniguchi
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Center for Medical Education and Clinical Training, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiami Moyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shiga University of Medical Science Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masaya Mori
- Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mizuki Ishita
- Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ii
- Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Laboratory of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Iyer VJ, Donahue JE, Osman MA. Role of scaffold proteins in the heterogeneity of glioblastoma. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:477. [PMID: 39375741 PMCID: PMC11457365 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly heterogeneous type of incurable brain cancer with a low survival rate. Intensive ongoing research has identified several potential targets; however, GB is marred by the activation of multiple pathways, and thus common targets are highly sought. The signal regulatory scaffold IQGAP1 is an oncoprotein implicated in GB. IQGAP1 nucleates a myriad of pathways in a contextual manner and modulates many of the targets altered in GB like MAPK, NF-κB, and mTOR/PI3K/Akt1, thus positioning it as a plausible common therapeutic target. Here, we review the targets that are subjects of GB treatment clinical trials and the commonly used animal models that facilitate target identification. We propose a model in which the dysfunction of various IQGAP1 pathways can explain to a larger extent some of the GB heterogeneity and offer a platform for personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun J Iyer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Sciences Campus, The University of Toledo, 352A Health Science Building, 3000 Transverse Drive, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - John E Donahue
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Mahasin A Osman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Sciences Campus, The University of Toledo, 352A Health Science Building, 3000 Transverse Drive, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu C, Chen X, Liu TQ, Cheng L, Cheng W, Cheng P, Wu AH. Hexosaminidase B-driven cancer cell-macrophage co-dependency promotes glycolysis addiction and tumorigenesis in glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8506. [PMID: 39353936 PMCID: PMC11445535 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic metabolic reprogramming in cancer is regulated by both cancer intrinsic variations like isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) status and non-cancerous microenvironment components like tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). However, the detailed mechanism remains elusive. Here, we identify hexosaminidase B (HEXB) as a key regulator for glycolysis in glioblastoma (GBM). HEXB intercellularly manipulates TAMs to promote glycolysis in GBM cells, while intrinsically enhancing cancer cell glycolysis. Mechanistically, HEXB elevation augments tumor HIF1α protein stability through activating ITGB1/ILK/YAP1; Subsequently, HIF1α promotes HEXB and multiple glycolytic gene transcription in GBM cells. Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of HEXB elicits substantial therapeutic effects in preclinical GBM models, while targeting HEXB doesn't induce significant reduction in IDH1 mutant glioma and inhibiting IDH1 mutation-derived 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG) significantly restores HEXB expression in glioma cells. Our work highlights a HEXB driven TAMs-associated glycolysis-promoting network in GBM and provides clues for developing more effective therapies against it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian-Qi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - An-Hua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vandecandelaere G, Ramapriyan R, Gaffey M, Richardson LG, Steuart SJ, Tazhibi M, Kalaw A, Grewal EP, Sun J, Curry WT, Choi BD. Pre-Clinical Models for CAR T-Cell Therapy for Glioma. Cells 2024; 13:1480. [PMID: 39273050 PMCID: PMC11394304 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy represents a transformative shift in cancer treatment. Among myriad immune-based approaches, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown promising results in treating hematological malignancies. Despite aggressive treatment options, the prognosis for patients with malignant brain tumors remains poor. Research leveraging CAR T-cell therapy for brain tumors has surged in recent years. Pre-clinical models are crucial in evaluating the safety and efficacy of these therapies before they advance to clinical trials. However, current models recapitulate the human tumor environment to varying degrees. Novel in vitro and in vivo techniques offer the opportunity to validate CAR T-cell therapies but also have limitations. By evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of various pre-clinical glioma models, this review aims to provide a roadmap for the development and pre-clinical testing of CAR T-cell therapies for brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gust Vandecandelaere
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rishab Ramapriyan
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Matthew Gaffey
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leland Geoffrey Richardson
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Samuel Jeffrey Steuart
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Masih Tazhibi
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Adrian Kalaw
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eric P Grewal
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jing Sun
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - William T Curry
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Bryan D Choi
- Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng Y, Wang S, Zhang H, Lee JS, Ni C, Guo J, Chen E, Wang S, Acharya A, Chang TC, Buszczak M, Zhu H, Mendell JT. A non-canonical role for a small nucleolar RNA in ribosome biogenesis and senescence. Cell 2024; 187:4770-4789.e23. [PMID: 38981482 PMCID: PMC11344685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell-cycle arrest induced by various stresses, including aberrant oncogene activation, telomere shortening, and DNA damage. Through a genome-wide screen, we discovered a conserved small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), SNORA13, that is required for multiple forms of senescence in human cells and mice. Although SNORA13 guides the pseudouridylation of a conserved nucleotide in the ribosomal decoding center, loss of this snoRNA minimally impacts translation. Instead, we found that SNORA13 negatively regulates ribosome biogenesis. Senescence-inducing stress perturbs ribosome biogenesis, resulting in the accumulation of free ribosomal proteins (RPs) that trigger p53 activation. SNORA13 interacts directly with RPL23, decreasing its incorporation into maturing 60S subunits and, consequently, increasing the pool of free RPs, thereby promoting p53-mediated senescence. Thus, SNORA13 regulates ribosome biogenesis and the p53 pathway through a non-canonical mechanism distinct from its role in guiding RNA modification. These findings expand our understanding of snoRNA functions and their roles in cellular signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Siwen Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - He Zhang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jong-Sun Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chunyang Ni
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jason Guo
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eric Chen
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shenming Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China; National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Asha Acharya
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tsung-Cheng Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael Buszczak
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joshua T Mendell
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhu M, Wang Y, Lu T, Guo J, Li L, Hsieh MH, Gopal P, Han Y, Fujiwara N, Wallace DP, Yu ASL, Fang X, Ransom C, Verschleisser S, Hsiehchen D, Hoshida Y, Singal AG, Yopp A, Wang T, Zhu H. PKD1 mutant clones within cirrhotic livers inhibit steatohepatitis without promoting cancer. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1711-1725.e8. [PMID: 38901424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in non-malignant tissues are selected for because they confer increased clonal fitness. However, it is uncertain whether these clones can benefit organ health. Here, ultra-deep targeted sequencing of 150 liver samples from 30 chronic liver disease patients revealed recurrent somatic mutations. PKD1 mutations were observed in 30% of patients, whereas they were only detected in 1.3% of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). To interrogate tumor suppressor functionality, we perturbed PKD1 in two HCC cell lines and six in vivo models, in some cases showing that PKD1 loss protected against HCC, but in most cases showing no impact. However, Pkd1 haploinsufficiency accelerated regeneration after partial hepatectomy. We tested Pkd1 in fatty liver disease, showing that Pkd1 loss was protective against steatosis and glucose intolerance. Mechanistically, Pkd1 loss selectively increased mTOR signaling without SREBP-1c activation. In summary, PKD1 mutations exert adaptive functionality on the organ level without increasing transformation risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yunguan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tianshi Lu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jason Guo
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Meng-Hsiung Hsieh
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Purva Gopal
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Darren P Wallace
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Alan S L Yu
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Xiangyi Fang
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Crystal Ransom
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sara Verschleisser
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - David Hsiehchen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Amit G Singal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Adam Yopp
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lim L, Hu MH, Fan D, Tu HF, Tsai YC, Cheng M, Wang S, Chang CL, Wu TC, Hung CF. STAT1-Deficient HPV E6/E7-Associated Cancers Maintain Host Immunocompetency against Therapeutic Intervention. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:430. [PMID: 38675812 PMCID: PMC11053987 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a global health concern because it contributes to the initiation of various HPV-associated cancers such as anal, cervical, oropharyngeal, penile, vaginal, and vulvar cancer. In HPV-associated cancers, oncogenesis begins with an HPV infection, which is linked to the activation of the Janus protein tyrosine kinase (JAK)/STAT signaling pathway. Various STAT signaling pathways, such as STAT3 activation, have been well documented for their tumorigenic role, yet the role of STAT1 in tumor formation remains unclear. In the current study, STAT1-/- mice were used to investigate the role of STAT1 in the tumorigenesis of a spontaneous HPV E6/E7-expressing oral tumor model. Subsequently, our candidate HPV DNA vaccine CRT/E7 was administered to determine whether the STAT1-/- host preserves a therapeutic-responsive tumor microenvironment. The results indicated that STAT1-/- induces robust tumorigenesis, yet a controlled tumor response was attained upon CRT/E7 vaccination. Characterizing this treatment effect, immunological analysis found a higher percentage of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells. In addition, a reduction in exhaustive lymphocyte activity was observed. Further analysis of a whole-cell tumor challenge affirmed these findings, as spontaneous tumor growth was more rapid in STAT1-/- mice. In conclusion, STAT1 deletion accelerates tumorigenesis, but STAT1-/- mice maintains immunocompetency in CRT/E7 treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lim
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104217, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Hung Hu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Darrell Fan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Hsin-Fang Tu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Ya-Chea Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Michelle Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Suyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Chih-Long Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104217, Taiwan;
| | - Tzyy-Choou Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xiong H, Wilson BA, Ge X, Gao X, Cai Q, Xu X, Bachoo R, Qin Z. Glioblastoma Margin as a Diffusion Barrier Revealed by Photoactivation of Plasmonic Nanovesicles. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1570-1578. [PMID: 38287297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most complex and lethal primary brain cancer. Adequate drug diffusion and penetration are essential for treating GBM, but how the spatial heterogeneity in GBM impacts drug diffusion and transport is poorly understood. Herein, we report a new method, photoactivation of plasmonic nanovesicles (PANO), to measure molecular diffusion in the extracellular space of GBM. By examining three genetically engineered GBM mouse models that recapitulate key clinical features including the angiogenic core and diffuse infiltration, we found that the tumor margin has the lowest diffusion coefficient (highest tortuosity) compared with the tumor core and surrounding brain tissue. Analysis of the cellular composition shows that tortuosity in the GBM is strongly correlated with neuronal loss and astrocyte activation. Our all-optical measurement reveals the heterogeneous GBM microenvironment and highlights the tumor margin as a diffusion barrier for drug transport in the brain, with implications for therapeutic delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hejian Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Blake A Wilson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Xiaoqian Ge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Qi Cai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Xueqi Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Robert Bachoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Zhenpeng Qin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pasupuleti V, Vora L, Prasad R, Nandakumar DN, Khatri DK. Glioblastoma preclinical models: Strengths and weaknesses. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189059. [PMID: 38109948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a highly malignant brain tumor with significant intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity known for its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. The complex signaling cascade that regulates this heterogeneity makes targeted drug therapy ineffective. The development of an optimal preclinical model is crucial for the comprehension of molecular heterogeneity and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. The ideal model should establish a relationship between various oncogenes and their corresponding responses. This review presents an analysis of preclinical in vivo and in vitro models that have contributed to the advancement of knowledge in model development. The experimental designs utilized in vivo models consisting of both immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice induced with intracranial glioma. The transgenic model was generated using various techniques, like the viral vector delivery system, transposon system, Cre-LoxP model, and CRISPR-Cas9 approaches. The utilization of the patient-derived xenograft model in glioma research is valuable because it closely replicates the human glioma microenvironment, providing evidence of tumor heterogeneity. The utilization of in vitro techniques in the initial stages of research facilitated the comprehension of molecular interactions. However, these techniques are inadequate in reproducing the interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). As a result, bioengineered 3D-in vitro models, including spheroids, scaffolds, and brain organoids, were developed to cultivate glioma cells in a three-dimensional environment. These models have enabled researchers to understand the influence of ECM on the invasive nature of tumors. Collectively, these preclinical models effectively depict the molecular pathways and facilitate the evaluation of multiple molecules while tailoring drug therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasavi Pasupuleti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Renuka Prasad
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Moonsuk Medical Research Building, 516, 5th floor, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 12841, Republic of Korea
| | - D N Nandakumar
- Department of Neurochemistry National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shen S, Liu X, Guo Q, Liang Q, Wu J, Guan G, Zou C, Zhu C, Yan Z, Liu T, Chen L, Cheng P, Cheng W, Wu A. Tumor microenvironment remodeling plus immunotherapy could be used in mesenchymal-like tumor with high tumor residual and drug resistant rate. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1281. [PMID: 38110614 PMCID: PMC10728080 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a common process during tumor progression and is always related to residual tumor, drug resistance and immune suppression. However, considering the heterogeneity in EMT process, there is still a need to establish robust EMT classification system with reasonable molecular, biological and clinical implications to investigate whether these unfavorable survival factors are common or unique in different individuals. In our work, we classify tumors with four EMT status, that is, EMTlow, EMTmid, EMThigh-NOS (Not Otherwise Specified), and EMThigh-AKT (AKT pathway overactivation) subtypes. We find that EMThigh-NOS subtype is driven by intrinsic somatic alterations. While, EMThigh-AKT subtype is maintained by extrinsic cellular interplay between tumor cells and macrophages in an AKT-dependent manner. EMThigh-AKT subtype is both unresectable and drug resistant while EMThigh-NOS subtype can be treated with cell cycle related drugs. Importantly, AKT activation in EMThigh-AKT not only enhances EMT process, but also contributes to the immunosuppressive microenvironment. By remodeling tumor immune-microenvironment by AKT inhibition, EMThigh-AKT can be treated by immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Meanwhile, we develop TumorMT website ( http://tumormt.neuroscience.org.cn/ ) to apply this EMT classification and provide reasonable therapeutic guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingyu Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Gefei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Cunyi Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zihao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Institute of Neurosurgery of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Slika H, Karimov Z, Alimonti P, Abou-Mrad T, De Fazio E, Alomari S, Tyler B. Preclinical Models and Technologies in Glioblastoma Research: Evolution, Current State, and Future Avenues. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16316. [PMID: 38003507 PMCID: PMC10671665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary central nervous system tumor and one of the most debilitating cancers. The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma remains poor, and the management of this tumor, both in its primary and recurrent forms, remains suboptimal. Despite the tremendous efforts that are being put forward by the research community to discover novel efficacious therapeutic agents and modalities, no major paradigm shifts have been established in the field in the last decade. However, this does not mirror the abundance of relevant findings and discoveries made in preclinical glioblastoma research. Hence, developing and utilizing appropriate preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate the characteristics and behavior of human glioblastoma is of utmost importance. Herein, we offer a holistic picture of the evolution of preclinical models of glioblastoma. We further elaborate on the commonly used in vitro and vivo models, delving into their development, favorable characteristics, shortcomings, and areas of potential improvement, which aids researchers in designing future experiments and utilizing the most suitable models. Additionally, this review explores progress in the fields of humanized and immunotolerant mouse models, genetically engineered animal models, 3D in vitro models, and microfluidics and highlights promising avenues for the future of preclinical glioblastoma research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Slika
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Ziya Karimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Paolo Alimonti
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Tatiana Abou-Mrad
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Emerson De Fazio
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Safwan Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Betty Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xiong H, Wilson BA, Ge X, Gao X, Cai Q, Xu X, Bachoo R, Qin Z. Glioblastoma Margin as a Diffusion Barrier Revealed by Photoactivation of Plasmonic Nanovesicles. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.29.564569. [PMID: 37961149 PMCID: PMC10634930 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.29.564569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most complex and lethal adult primary brain cancer. Adequate drug diffusion and penetration are essential for treating GBM, but how the spatial heterogeneity in GBM impacts drug diffusion and transport is poorly understood. Herein, we report a new method, photoactivation of plasmonic nanovesicles (PANO), to measure molecular diffusion in the extracellular space of GBM. By examining three genetically engineered GBM mouse models that recapitulate key clinical features including angiogenic core and diffuse infiltration, we found that the tumor margin has the lowest diffusion coefficient (highest tortuosity) compared with the tumor core and surrounding brain tissue. Analysis of the cellular composition shows that the tortuosity in the GBM is strongly correlated with neuronal loss and astrocyte activation. Our all-optical measurement reveals the heterogeneous GBM microenvironment and highlights the tumor margin as a diffusion barrier for drug transport in the brain, with implications for therapeutic delivery.
Collapse
|
13
|
Li J, Guo Q, Xing R. Construction and validation of an immune infiltration-related risk model for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in low grade glioma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:727. [PMID: 37543576 PMCID: PMC10403952 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low grade glioma (LGG) is considered a heterogeneous tumor with highly variable survival and limited efficacy of immunotherapy. To identify high-risk subsets and apply immunotherapy effectively in LGG, the status and function of immune infiltration in the glioma microenvironment must be explored. METHODS Four independent glioma cohorts comprising 1,853 patients were enrolled for bioinformatics analysis. We used ConsensusClusterPlus to cluster patients into four different immune subtypes based on immune infiltration. The immune-infiltration signature (IIS) was constructed by LASSO regression analysis. Somatic mutation and copy number variation (CNV) analyses were performed to explore genomic and transcriptomic traits in the high- and low- risk groups. The correlation between response to programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade and the IIS risk score was confirmed in an in vivo glioma model. RESULTS Patients were clustered into four different immune subtypes based on immune infiltration, and the high immune infiltration subtype was associated with worse survival in LGG. The high immune infiltration subtype had stronger inflammatory response, immune response and immune cell chemotaxis. The IIS, consisting of EMP3, IQGAP2, METTL7B, SLC1A6 and TNFRSF11B, could predict LGG malignant progression, which was validated with internal clinical samples. M2 macrophage infiltration positively correlated with the IIS risk score. The high-risk group had significantly more somatic mutations and CNVs. The IIS risk score was related to immunomodulatory molecules and could predict immunotherapy clinical benefit. In vivo, immunotherapy-sensitive glioma model exhibited higher IIS risk score and more infiltration of immune cells, especially M2 macrophages. The IIS risk score was decreased in an immunotherapy-sensitive glioma model after anti-PD1 immunotherapy. CONCLUSION Different immune subtypes of LGG had unique immune cell infiltration characteristics, and the high immune infiltration subtype was associated with immunosuppressive signaling pathways. A novel IIS prognostic model based on immune infiltration status was constructed for immunophenotypic classification, risk stratification, prognostication and immunotherapy response prediction in LGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinna Li
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China.
| | - Rui Xing
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Garcia-Fabiani MB, Haase S, Banerjee K, McClellan B, Zhu Z, Mujeeb A, Li Y, Yu J, Kadiyala P, Taher A, Núñez FJ, Alghamri MS, Comba A, Mendez FM, Nicola Candia AJ, Salazar B, Koschmann C, Nunez FM, Edwards M, Qin T, Sartor MA, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. H3.3-G34R Mutation-Mediated Epigenetic Reprogramming Leads to Enhanced Efficacy of Immune Stimulatory Gene Therapy in Pediatric High-Grade Gliomas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.13.544658. [PMID: 37398299 PMCID: PMC10312611 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are diffuse and highly aggressive CNS tumors which remain incurable, with a 5-year overall survival of less than 20%. Within glioma, mutations in the genes encoding the histones H3.1 and H3.3 have been discovered to be age-restricted and specific of pHGGs. This work focuses on the study of pHGGs harboring the H3.3-G34R mutation. H3.3-G34R tumors represent the 9-15% of pHGGs, are restricted to the cerebral hemispheres, and are found predominantly in the adolescent population (median 15.0 years). We have utilized a genetically engineered immunocompetent mouse model for this subtype of pHGG generated via the Sleeping Beauty-transposon system. The analysis of H3.3-G34R genetically engineered brain tumors by RNA-Sequencing and ChIP-Sequencing revealed alterations in the molecular landscape associated to H3.3-G34R expression. In particular, the expression of H3.3-G34R modifies the histone marks deposited at the regulatory elements of genes belonging to the JAK/STAT pathway, leading to an increased activation of this pathway. This histone G34R-mediated epigenetic modifications lead to changes in the tumor immune microenvironment of these tumors, towards an immune-permissive phenotype, making these gliomas susceptible to TK/Flt3L immune-stimulatory gene therapy. The application of this therapeutic approach increased median survival of H3.3-G34R tumor bearing animals, while stimulating the development of anti-tumor immune response and immunological memory. Our data suggests that the proposed immune-mediated gene therapy has potential for clinical translation for the treatment of patients harboring H3.3-G34R high grade gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria B. Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Current address: Leloir Institute Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brandon McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anzar Mujeeb
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yingxiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jin Yu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Current address: Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ayman Taher
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Felipe J. Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mahmoud S. Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Flor M. Mendez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alejandro J. Nicola Candia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brittany Salazar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Chad Carr Pediatric Brain Tumor Center, University of Michigan Medical School, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fernando M. Nunez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marta Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maureen A. Sartor
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro R. Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ohta K, Ii H, Moyama C, Ando S, Nambu H, Nakata S, Kojima N. Thiophene Carboxamide Analogs with Long Alkyl Chains Comprising Ethylene Glycol Units Inhibit Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation by Activating AMPK. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6403-6413. [PMID: 37116172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a refractory malignant tumor that requires novel therapeutic strategies for effective treatment. We have previously reported that JCI-20679 (1), an analog of annonaceous acetogenins, shows potent antitumor activity against glioblastomas. However, the synthesis of 1 requires 23 steps, including 16 steps for the preparation of a tetrahydrofuran (THF) moiety. This study reports the design and synthesis of 11 analogs with a triethylene glycol moiety in place of the THF moiety in 1. Among these, the analog 2k with an n-decyl chain exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the growth of glioblastoma stem cells by inhibiting mitochondrial function and synergistically enhancing the effect of temozolomide (TMZ). Furthermore, 2k significantly suppressed tumor growth without critical toxicity in vivo. Hence, this study presents novel potential anticancer agents and a strategy for the development of these agents that can be produced easily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Ohta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagi-Shichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ii
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Chiami Moyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Shota Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hisanori Nambu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagi-Shichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Naoto Kojima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagi-Shichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Moyama C, Fujita M, Okamoto H, Li H, Nakata S. Myb Repression Mediates Stat5b-knockdown-induced Apoptosis and Inhibits Proliferation of Glioblastoma Stem Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:195-202. [PMID: 36870690 PMCID: PMC9989674 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults, and glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to treatment resistance and recurrence. Inhibition of Stat5b in GSCs suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Herein, we investigated the mechanisms of growth inhibition by Stat5b knockdown (KD) in GSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS GSCs were established from a murine glioblastoma model in which shRNA-p53 and EGFR/Ras mutants were induced in vivo using a Sleeping Beauty transposon system. Microarray analyses were performed on Stat5b-KD GSCs to identify genes that are differentially expressed downstream of Stat5b. RT-qPCR and western blot analyses were used to determine Myb levels in GSCs. Myb-overexpressing GSCs were induced by electroporation. Proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by a trypan blue dye exclusion test and annexin-V staining, respectively. RESULTS MYB, which is involved in the Wnt pathway, was identified as a novel gene whose expression was down-regulated by Stat5b-KD in GSCs. Both MYB mRNA and protein levels were down-regulated by Stat5b-KD. Overexpression of Myb rescued cell proliferation that was suppressed by Stat5b-KD. Furthermore, Stat5b-KD-induced apoptosis in GSCs was significantly inhibited by Myb overexpression. CONCLUSION Down-regulation of Myb mediates Stat5b-KD-induced inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in GSCs. This may represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy against glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiami Moyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Center for Medical Education and Clinical Training, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Grigore FN, Yang SJ, Chen CC, Koga T. Pioneering models of pediatric brain tumors. Neoplasia 2023; 36:100859. [PMID: 36599191 PMCID: PMC9823239 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Among children and adolescents in the United States (0 to 19 years old), brain and other central nervous system tumors are the second most common types of cancers, surpassed in incidence only by leukemias. Despite significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment modalities, brain cancer remains the leading cause of death in the pediatric population. There is an obvious unfulfilled need to streamline the therapeutic strategies and improve survival for these patients. For that purpose, preclinical models play a pivotal role. Numerous models are currently used in pediatric brain tumor research, including genetically engineered mouse models, patient-derived xenografts and cell lines, and newer models that utilize novel technologies such as genome engineering and organoids. Furthermore, extensive studies by the Children's Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) researchers and others have revealed multiomic landscapes of variable pediatric brain tumors. Combined with such integrative data, these novel technologies have enabled numerous applicable models. Genome engineering, including CRISPR/Cas9, expanded the flexibility of modeling. Models generated through genome engineering enabled studying particular genetic alterations in clean isogenic backgrounds, facilitating the dissection of functional mechanisms of those mutations in tumor biology. Organoids have been applied to study tumor-to-tumor-microenvironment interactions and to address developmental aspects of tumorigenesis, which is essential in some pediatric brain tumors. Other modalities, such as humanized mouse models, could potentially be applied to pediatric brain tumors. In addition to current valuable models, such novel models are anticipated to expedite functional tumor biology study and establish effective therapeutics for pediatric brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florina-Nicoleta Grigore
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, MMC96, Room D-429, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Serena Johanna Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, MMC96, Room D-429, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Clark C Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, MMC96, Room D-429, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Koga
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, MMC96, Room D-429, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wen C, Tian Z, Li L, Chen T, Chen H, Dai J, Liang Z, Ma S, Liu X. SRSF3 and HNRNPH1 Regulate Radiation-Induced Alternative Splicing of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314832. [PMID: 36499164 PMCID: PMC9738276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an epigenetic regulator which has been proven to be a potential target for cancer therapy. We observed that PRMT5 underwent alternative splicing (AS) and generated a spliced isoform PRMT5-ISO5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after radiotherapy. However, the regulatory mechanism and the clinical implications of IR-induced PRMT5 AS are unclear. This work revealed that serine and arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) silencing increased PRMT5-ISO5 level, whereas heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H 1 (HNRNPH1) silencing reduced it. Then, we found that SRSF3 and HNRNPH1 competitively combined with PRMT5 pre-mRNA located at the region around the 3'- splicing site on intron 2 and the alternative 3'- splicing site on exon 4. IR-induced SRSF3 downregulation led to an elevated level of PRMT5-ISO5, and exogenous expression of PRMT5-ISO5 enhanced cell radiosensitivity. Finally, we confirmed in vivo that IR induced the increased level of PRMT5-ISO5 which in turn enhanced tumor killing and regression, and liver-specific Prmt5 depletion reduced hepatic steatosis and delayed tumor progression of spontaneous HCC. In conclusion, our data uncover the competitive antagonistic interaction of SRSF3 and HNRNPH1 in regulating PRMT5 splicing induced by IR, providing potentially effective radiotherapy by modulating PRMT5 splicing against HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Wen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhujun Tian
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lan Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Tongke Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huajian Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jichen Dai
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shumei Ma
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- South Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou 325014, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- South Zhejiang Institute of Radiation Medicine and Nuclear Technology, Wenzhou 325014, China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Haase S, Banerjee K, Mujeeb AA, Hartlage CS, Núñez FM, Núñez FJ, Alghamri MS, Kadiyala P, Carney S, Barissi MN, Taher AW, Brumley EK, Thompson S, Dreyer JT, Alindogan CT, Garcia-Fabiani MB, Comba A, Venneti S, Ravikumar V, Koschmann C, Carcaboso ÁM, Vinci M, Rao A, Yu JS, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. H3.3-G34 mutations impair DNA repair and promote cGAS/STING-mediated immune responses in pediatric high-grade glioma models. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:154229. [PMID: 36125896 PMCID: PMC9663161 DOI: 10.1172/jci154229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children in the USA. Sixteen percent of hemispheric pediatric and young adult HGGs encode Gly34Arg/Val substitutions in the histone H3.3 (H3.3-G34R/V). The mechanisms by which H3.3-G34R/V drive malignancy and therapeutic resistance in pHGGs remain unknown. Using a syngeneic, genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) and human pHGG cells encoding H3.3-G34R, we demonstrate that this mutation led to the downregulation of DNA repair pathways. This resulted in enhanced susceptibility to DNA damage and inhibition of the DNA damage response (DDR). We demonstrate that genetic instability resulting from improper DNA repair in G34R-mutant pHGG led to the accumulation of extrachromosomal DNA, which activated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of IFN genes (cGAS/STING) pathway, inducing the release of immune-stimulatory cytokines. We treated H3.3-G34R pHGG-bearing mice with a combination of radiotherapy (RT) and DNA damage response inhibitors (DDRi) (i.e., the blood-brain barrier-permeable PARP inhibitor pamiparib and the cell-cycle checkpoint CHK1/2 inhibitor AZD7762), and these combinations resulted in long-term survival for approximately 50% of the mice. Moreover, the addition of a STING agonist (diABZl) enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of these treatments. Long-term survivors developed immunological memory, preventing pHGG growth upon rechallenge. These results demonstrate that DDRi and STING agonists in combination with RT induced immune-mediated therapeutic efficacy in G34-mutant pHGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Anzar A. Mujeeb
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | | | - Fernando M. Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Felipe J. Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | | | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Stephen Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Marcus N. Barissi
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Ayman W. Taher
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Emily K. Brumley
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Sarah Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | - Justin T. Dreyer
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | | | | | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| | | | | | - Carl Koschmann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Onco-Haematology, Gene and Cell Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Arvind Rao
- Departments of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and
- Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Yu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute and
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cancer cell intrinsic TIM-3 induces glioblastoma progression. iScience 2022; 25:105329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
21
|
Feng J, Lu H, Ma W, Tian W, Lu Z, Yang H, Cai Y, Cai P, Sun Y, Zhou Z, Feng J, Deng J, Shu Y, Qu K, Jia W, Gao P, Zhang H. Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies synthetic lethality between DOCK1 inhibition and metformin in liver cancer. Protein Cell 2022; 13:825-841. [PMID: 35217990 PMCID: PMC9237198 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-022-00906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is currently a strong candidate anti-tumor agent in multiple cancers. However, its anti-tumor effectiveness varies among different cancers or subpopulations, potentially due to tumor heterogeneity. It thus remains unclear which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient subpopulation(s) can benefit from metformin treatment. Here, through a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-based knockout screen, we find that DOCK1 levels determine the anti-tumor effects of metformin and that DOCK1 is a synthetic lethal target of metformin in HCC. Mechanistically, metformin promotes DOCK1 phosphorylation, which activates RAC1 to facilitate cell survival, leading to metformin resistance. The DOCK1-selective inhibitor, TBOPP, potentiates anti-tumor activity by metformin in vitro in liver cancer cell lines and patient-derived HCC organoids, and in vivo in xenografted liver cancer cells and immunocompetent mouse liver cancer models. Notably, metformin improves overall survival of HCC patients with low DOCK1 levels but not among patients with high DOCK1 expression. This study shows that metformin effectiveness depends on DOCK1 levels and that combining metformin with DOCK1 inhibition may provide a promising personalized therapeutic strategy for metformin-resistant HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junru Feng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Zhuan Lu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hongying Yang
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Zilong Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Jiaqian Feng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Jiazhong Deng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Ying Shu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Kun Qu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Weidong Jia
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Ping Gao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China. .,School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China. .,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Peng S, Xing D, Ferrall L, Tsai YC, Hung CF, Wu TC. Identification of human MHC-I HPV18 E6/E7-specific CD8 + T cell epitopes and generation of an HPV18 E6/E7-expressing adenosquamous carcinoma in HLA-A2 transgenic mice. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:80. [PMID: 36224625 PMCID: PMC9554842 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) is a high-risk HPV that is commonly associated with cervical cancer. HPV18 oncogenes E6 and E7 are associated with the malignant transformation of cells, thus the identification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted E6/E7 peptide-specific CD8 + T cell epitopes and the creation of a HPV18 E6/E7 expressing cervicovaginal tumor in HLA-A2 transgenic mice will be significant for vaccine development. METHODS In the below study, we characterized various human HLA class I-restricted HPV18 E6 and E7-specific CD8 + T cells mediated immune responses in HLA class I transgenic mice using DNA vaccines encoding HPV18E6 and HPV18E7. We then confirmed HLA-restricted E6/E7 specific CD8 + T cell epitopes using splenocytes from vaccinated mice stimulated with HPV18E6/E7 peptides. Furthermore, we used oncogenic DNA plasmids encoding HPV18E7E6(delD70), luciferase, cMyc, and AKT to create a spontaneous cervicovaginal carcinoma model in HLA-A2 transgenic mice. RESULTS Therapeutic HPV18 E7 DNA vaccination did not elicit any significant CD8 + T cell response in HLA-A1, HLA-24, HLA-B7, HLA-B44 transgenic or wild type C57BL/6 mice, but it did generate a strong HLA-A2 and HLA-A11 restricted HPV18E7-specific CD8 + T cell immune response. We found that a single deletion of aspartic acid (D) at location 70 in HPV18E6 DNA abolishes the presentation of HPV18 E6 peptide (aa67-75) by murine MHC class I. We found that the DNA vaccine with this mutant HPV18 E6 generated E6-specific CD8 + T cells in HLA-A2. HLA-A11, HLA-A24 and HLA-b40 transgenic mice. Of note, HLA-A2 restricted, HPV18 E7 peptide (aa7-15)- and HPV18 E6 peptide (aa97-105)-specific epitopes are endogenously processed by HPV18 positive Hela-AAD (HLA-A*0201/Dd) cells. Finally, we found that injection of DNA plasmids encoding HPV18E7E6(delD70), AKT, cMyc, and SB100 can result in the development of adenosquamous carcinoma in the cervicovaginal tract of HLA-A2 transgenic mice. CONCLUSIONS We characterized various human HLA class I-restricted HPV18 E6/E7 peptide specific CD8 + T cell epitopes in human HLA class I transgenic mice. We demonstrated that HPV18 positive Hela cells expressing chimeric HLA-A2 (AAD) do present both HLA-A2-restricted HPV18 E7 (aa7-15)- and HPV18 E6 (aa97-105)-specific CD8 + T cell epitopes. A mutant HPV18E6 that had a single deletion at location 70 obliterates the E6 presentation by murine MHC class I and remains oncogenic. The identification of these human MHC restricted HPV antigen specific epitopes as well as the HPV18E6/E7 expressing adenosquamous cell carcinoma model may have significant future translational potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deyin Xing
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Louise Ferrall
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ya-Chea Tsai
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, CRB II Room 307, 1550 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
| | - T-C Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, CRB II Room 309, 1550 Orleans St., Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Schwark K, Messinger D, Cummings JR, Bradin J, Kawakibi A, Babila CM, Lyons S, Ji S, Cartaxo RT, Kong S, Cantor E, Koschmann C, Yadav VN. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) targeting in pediatric high-grade glioma and diffuse midline glioma: Pre-clinical models and precision medicine. Front Oncol 2022; 12:922928. [PMID: 35978801 PMCID: PMC9376238 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.922928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG), including both diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and non-midline tumors, continues to be one of the deadliest oncologic diagnoses (both henceforth referred to as “pHGG”). Targeted therapy options aimed at key oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) drivers using small-molecule RTK inhibitors has been extensively studied, but the absence of proper in vivo modeling that recapitulate pHGG biology has historically been a research challenge. Thankfully, there have been many recent advances in animal modeling, including Cre-inducible transgenic models, as well as intra-uterine electroporation (IUE) models, which closely recapitulate the salient features of human pHGG tumors. Over 20% of pHGG have been found in sequencing studies to have alterations in platelet derived growth factor-alpha (PDGFRA), making growth factor modeling and inhibition via targeted tyrosine kinases a rich vein of interest. With commonly found alterations in other growth factors, including FGFR, EGFR, VEGFR as well as RET, MET, and ALK, it is necessary to model those receptors, as well. Here we review the recent advances in murine modeling and precision targeting of the most important RTKs in their clinical context. We additionally provide a review of current work in the field with several small molecule RTK inhibitors used in pre-clinical or clinical settings for treatment of pHGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kallen Schwark
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dana Messinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jessica R. Cummings
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Joshua Bradin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Abed Kawakibi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Clarissa M. Babila
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Samantha Lyons
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sunjong Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rodrigo T. Cartaxo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Seongbae Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Evan Cantor
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Viveka Nand Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Research Institute (CMRI), Kansas, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Viveka Nand Yadav,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ando S, Kojima N, Moyama C, Fujita M, Ohta K, Ii H, Nakata S. JCI‑20679 suppresses the proliferation of glioblastoma stem cells by activating AMPK and decreasing NFATc2 expression levels. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:238. [PMID: 35621135 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of glioblastoma, which is the most frequent type of adult‑onset malignant brain tumor, is extremely poor. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies are needed. Previous studies report that JCI‑20679, which is synthesized based on the structure of naturally occurring acetogenin, inhibits mitochondrial complex I and suppresses the growth of various types of cancer cells. However, the efficacy of JCI‑20679 on glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) is unknown. The present study demonstrated that JCI‑20679 inhibited the growth of GSCs derived from a transposon system‑mediated murine glioblastoma model more efficiently compared with the growth of differentiation‑induced adherent cells, as determined by a trypan blue staining dye exclusion test. The inhibition of proliferation was accompanied by the blockade of cell‑cycle entry into the S‑phase, as assessed by a BrdU incorporation assay. JCI‑20679 decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, suppressed the oxygen consumption rate and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, indicating that JCI‑20679 inhibited mitochondrial activity. The mitochondrial inhibition was revealed to increase phosphorylated (phospho)‑AMPKα levels and decrease nuclear factor of activated T‑cells 2 (NFATc2) expression, and was accompanied by a decrease in calcineurin phosphatase activity. Depletion of phospho‑AMPKα by knockdown of AMPKβ recovered the JCI‑20679‑mediated decrease in NFATc2 expression levels, as determined by western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR analysis. Overexpression of NFATc2 recovered the JCI‑20679‑mediated suppression of proliferation, as determined by a trypan blue staining dye exclusion test. These results suggest that JCI‑20679 inhibited mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which activated AMPK and reduced NFATc2 expression levels. Moreover, systemic administration of JCI‑20679 extended the event‑free survival rate in a mouse model transplanted with GSCs. Overall, these results suggested that JCI‑20679 is a potential novel therapeutic agent against glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607‑8414, Japan
| | - Naoto Kojima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607‑8414, Japan
| | - Chiami Moyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607‑8414, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Center for Medical Education and Clinical Training, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka‑Sayama, Osaka 589‑8511, Japan
| | - Kaito Ohta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607‑8414, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ii
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607‑8414, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607‑8414, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Moyama C, Fujita M, Ando S, Taniguchi K, Ii H, Tanigawa S, Hashimoto N, Nakata S. Stat5b inhibition blocks proliferation and tumorigenicity of glioblastoma stem cells derived from a de novo murine brain cancer model. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1129-1142. [PMID: 35411230 PMCID: PMC8984887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant type of brain cancer in adults with poor prognosis. GBM stem cells (GSCs) reside within niches in GBM tissues and contribute to recurrence and therapy resistance. Previous studies have shown that expression of leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), a Wnt pathway-related stem cell marker, correlates with a poor prognosis in GBM, and its knockdown in GSCs induces apoptosis accompanied with downregulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (Stat5b). Here, we show that Stat5b co-localizes with Lgr5 in hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (Hif2α)-positive regions in GBM tissues. Functional analyses using GSCs derived from a murine de novo GBM model induced by oncogenic genes transduction using the Sleeping-Beauty transposon system revealed that expression of Stat5b was induced by culturing under hypoxia together with Lgr5, repressed by Hif2α knockdown, and reduced by Lgr5 knockdown or a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor ICG-001 treatment. Stat5b inhibition in the GSCs induced apoptosis and caused downregulation of Cyclin E2 resulted in blockade of entry into S-phase in the cell cycle. Disruption of Stat5b in an orthotopic transplantation model significantly prolongs event-free survival. These results suggest that Stat5b, regulated by hypoxia and the Wnt pathway, plays an important role in the maintenance and tumorigenicity of GSCs and may be a promising therapeutic molecular target to attack GSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiami Moyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Center for Medical Education and Clinical Training, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai UniversityOsaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shota Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Keiko Taniguchi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto 607-8414, Japan
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ii
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Seisuke Tanigawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural UniversityKyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Naoya Hashimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural UniversityKyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityKyoto 607-8414, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Peng S, Xing D, Ferrall L, Tsai YC, Roden RBS, Hung CF, Wu TC. Development of a Spontaneous HPV16 E6/E7-Expressing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in HLA-A2 Transgenic Mice. mBio 2022; 13:e0325221. [PMID: 35089069 PMCID: PMC8725581 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03252-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a growing global health problem. HPV16 has been attributed to a majority of HPV-associated HNSCCs. In order to test candidate immunotherapies, we developed a spontaneous HPV16-driven HNSCC model in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. We sought to eliminate the confounding effects of dominant HPV antigen presentation through murine major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) via epitope mutagenesis (without compromising tumorigenicity). We generated HPV16 E6(R55K)(delK75) and E7(N53S) expression constructs with mutations in known dominant H-2Db epitopes and characterized their presentation through murine and human MHC-I molecules using in vitro and in vivo activation of HPV16 E6/E7 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. In addition, we tested the ability of E6(R55K)(delK75) and E7(N53S) for oncogenicity. The mutated E7(N53S) abolished the presentation of murine H-2Db-restricted HPV16 E7 peptide (i.e., amino acids [aa] 49 to 57) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope and resulted in HLA-A2-restricted presentation of the HPV16 E7 (aa 11 to 20)-specific CTL epitope. The mutated E6(R55K)(delK75) abolished the activation of murine MHC-I-restricted E6-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses in C57BL/6 mice. In addition, the vaccination led to the activation of human HLA-A2-restricted E6-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. Injection of DNA plasmids encoding LucE7(N53S)E6(R55K)(delK75), AKT, c-Myc, and SB100 followed by electroporation results in development of squamous cell carcinoma in the oral/pharyngeal cavity of all of the HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice (5/5), with 2/5 tumor-bearing mice developing metastatic carcinoma in the neck lymph nodes. IMPORTANCE Our data indicate that mutated HPV16 E6(R55K)(delK75) and mutated HPV16 E7(N53S) DNA abolishes the presentation of HPV16 E6 and E7 through murine MHC-I and results in their presentation through human HLA-A2 molecules. Additionally, the mutated HPV16 E6 and E7 remain oncogenic. Our approach is potentially applicable to different human MHC-I transgenic mice for the identification of human MHC-I restricted HPV16 E6/E7-specific CTL epitopes as well as the generation of spontaneous HPV E6/E7-expressing oral/pharyngeal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Deyin Xing
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Louise Ferrall
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ya-Chea Tsai
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard B. S. Roden
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - T.-C. Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu T, Zhu C, Chen X, Guan G, Zou C, Shen S, Wu J, Wang Y, Lin Z, Chen L, Cheng P, Cheng W, Wu A. Ferroptosis, as the most enriched programmed cell death process in glioma, induces immunosuppression and immunotherapy resistance. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1113-1125. [PMID: 35148413 PMCID: PMC9248406 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive microenvironment is a major cause of immunotherapeutic resistance in glioma. In addition to secreting compounds, tumor cells under programmed cell death (PCD) processes release abundant mediators to modify the neighboring microenvironment. However, the complex relationship among PCD status, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and immunotherapy is still poorly understood. METHODS Four independent glioma cohorts comprising 1,750 patients were enrolled for analysis. The relationships among PCD status, microenvironment cellular components, and biological phenotypes were fully explored. Tissues from our hospital and experiments in vitro and in vivo were used to confirm the role of ferroptosis in glioma. RESULTS Analyses to determine enriched PCD processes showed that ferroptosis was the main type of PCD in glioma. Enriched ferroptosis correlated with progressive malignancy, poor outcomes, and aggravated immunosuppression in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Enhanced ferroptosis was shown to induce activation and infiltration of immune cells but attenuated antitumor cytotoxic killing. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were found to participate in ferroptosis-mediated immunosuppression. Preclinically, ferroptosis inhibition combined with Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD-1) and Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) blockade generated a synergistic therapeutic outcome in GBM murine models. CONCLUSIONS This work provides a molecular, clinical, and biological landscape of ferroptosis, suggesting a role of ferroptosis in glioma malignancy and a novel synergic immunotherapeutic strategy that combines immune checkpoint blockade treatment with ferroptosis inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gefei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Cunyi Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiguo Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People’s Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Institute of Neurosurgery of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Corresponding Authors: Wen Cheng, MD, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing Street 155, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China ()
| | - Anhua Wu
- Corresponding Author: Anhua Wu, MD, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing Street 155, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China ()
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tanigawa S, Fujita M, Moyama C, Ando S, Ii H, Kojima Y, Fujishita T, Aoki M, Takeuchi H, Yamanaka T, Takahashi Y, Hashimoto N, Nakata S. Inhibition of Gli2 suppresses tumorigenicity in glioblastoma stem cells derived from a de novo murine brain cancer model. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1339-1352. [PMID: 33414520 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of glioblastoma remains poor despite intensive research efforts. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to tumorigenesis, invasive capacity, and therapy resistance. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), a stem cell marker, is involved in the maintenance of GSCs, although the properties of Lgr5-positive GSCs remain unclear. Here, the Sleeping-Beauty transposon-induced glioblastoma model was used in Lgr5-GFP knock-in mice identify GFP-positive cells in neurosphere cultures from mouse glioblastoma tissues. Global gene expression analysis showed that Gli2 was highly expressed in GFP-positive GSCs. Gli2 knockdown using lentiviral-mediated shRNA downregulated Hedgehog-related and Wnt signaling pathway-related genes, including Lgr5; suppressed tumor cell proliferation and invasion capacity; and induced apoptosis. Pharmacological Gli inhibition with GANT61 suppressed tumor cell proliferation. Silencing Gli2 suppressed the tumorigenicity of GSCs in an orthotopic transplantation model in vivo. These findings suggest that Gli2 affects the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways and plays an important role in GSC maintenance, suggesting Gli2 as a therapeutic target for glioblastoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seisuke Tanigawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Fujita
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chiami Moyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shota Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ii
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kojima
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teruaki Fujishita
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Aoki
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cancer Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hayato Takeuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Takahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Hashimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liang Q, Wu J, Zhao X, Shen S, Zhu C, Liu T, Cui X, Chen L, Wei C, Cheng P, Cheng W, Wu A. Establishment of tumor inflammasome clusters with distinct immunogenomic landscape aids immunotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:9884-9903. [PMID: 34815793 PMCID: PMC8581407 DOI: 10.7150/thno.63202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome signaling is a reaction cascade that influences immune response and cell death. Although the inflammasomes participate in tumorigenesis, their role as an oncogenic booster or a tumor suppresser is still controversial. Therefore, it is important to comprehensively investigate the inflammasome signaling status across various cancers to clarify its clinical and therapeutic significance. Methods: A total of 9881 patients across 33 tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were included in this study. Five gene sets were identified to step-wisely profile inflammasome signaling. Unsupervised clustering was used for sample classification based on gene set enrichment. Machine learning and in vitro and in vivo experiments were used to confirm the implications of inflammasome classification. Results: A hundred and forty-one inflammasome-signaling-related genes were identified to construct five gene sets representing the sensing, activation, and termination steps of the inflammasome signaling. Six inflammasome clusters were robustly established with distinct molecular, biological, clinical, and therapeutic features. Importantly, clusters with inflammasome signaling activation were found to be immunosuppressive and resistant to ICB treatment. Inflammasome inhibition reverted the therapeutic failure of ICB in inflammasome-activated tumors. Moreover, based on the proposed classification and therapeutic implications, an open website was established to provide tumor patients with comprehensive information on inflammasome signaling. Conclusions: Our study conducted a systematical investigation on inflammasome signaling in various tumor types. These findings highlight the importance of inflammasome evaluation in tumor classification and provide a foundation for improving relevant therapeutic regimens.
Collapse
|
30
|
Qin A, Musket A, Musich PR, Schweitzer JB, Xie Q. Receptor tyrosine kinases as druggable targets in glioblastoma: Do signaling pathways matter? Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab133. [PMID: 34806012 PMCID: PMC8598918 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor without effective therapies. Since bevacizumab was FDA approved for targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in adult patients with recurrent GBM, targeted therapy against receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has become a new avenue for GBM therapeutics. In addition to VEGFR, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR/MET), and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) are major RTK targets. However, results from clinical Phase II/III trials indicate that most RTK-targeting therapeutics including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and neutralizing antibodies lack clinical efficacy, either alone or in combination. The major challenge is to uncover the genetic RTK alterations driving GBM initiation and progression, as well as to elucidate the mechanisms toward therapeutic resistance. In this review, we will discuss the genetic alterations in these 5 commonly targeted RTKs, the clinical trial outcomes of the associated RTK-targeting therapeutics, and the potential mechanisms toward the resistance. We anticipate that future design of new clinical trials with combination strategies, based on the genetic alterations within an individual patient’s tumor and mechanisms contributing to therapeutic resistance after treatment, will achieve durable remissions and improve outcomes in GBM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Qin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna Musket
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Phillip R Musich
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - John B Schweitzer
- Department of Pathology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Aldaz P, Arozarena I. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Adult Glioblastoma: An (Un)Closed Chapter? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5799. [PMID: 34830952 PMCID: PMC8616487 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal form of malignant brain tumor. GBM patients normally undergo surgery plus adjuvant radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy. Numerous studies into the molecular events driving GBM highlight the central role played by the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), as well as the Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptors PDGFRA and PDGFRB in tumor initiation and progression. Despite strong preclinical evidence for the therapeutic potential of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target EGFR, PDGFRs, and other tyrosine kinases, clinical trials performed during the last 20 years have not led to the desired therapeutic breakthrough for GBM patients. While clinical trials are still ongoing, in the medical community there is the perception of TKIs as a lost opportunity in the fight against GBM. In this article, we review the scientific rationale for the use of TKIs targeting glioma drivers. We critically analyze the potential causes for the failure of TKIs in the treatment of GBM, and we propose alternative approaches to the clinical evaluation of TKIs in GBM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Aldaz
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarre (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Imanol Arozarena
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarre (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tseng SH, Liu L, Peng S, Kim J, Ferrall L, Hung CF, Wu TC. Control of Spontaneous HPV16 E6/E7 Expressing Oral Cancer in HLA-A2 (AAD) Transgenic Mice with Therapeutic HPV DNA Vaccine. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:63. [PMID: 34517865 PMCID: PMC8436567 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) has been associated with a subset of head and neck cancers. Two HPV encoded oncogenic proteins, E6 and E7, are important for the malignant progression of HPV-associated cancers. A spontaneous HPV16 E6/E7-expressing oral tumor model in human HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice will be important for the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines for the control of HPV-associated head and neck cancers. METHODS In the current studies, we characterized the HLA-A2 restricted HPV16 E7-specific CD8 + T cell mediated immune responses in the HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice using a therapeutic naked DNA vaccine encoding calreticulin (CRT) linked to a mutated E7(N53S). We also employed oncogenic DNA plasmids that encoded HPV16E6/E7/Luc, NRasG12V, and sleeping beauty transposase for the transfection into the submucosal of oral cavity of the transgenic mice with electroporation to create a spontaneous oral tumor. Furthermore, we characterized the therapeutic antitumor effects of CRT/E7(N53S) DNA vaccine using the spontaneous HPV16 E6/E7-expressing oral tumor model in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. RESULTS We found that CRT/E7(N53S) DNA vaccine primarily generated human HPV16 E7 peptide (aa11-20) specific CD8 + T cells, as compared to the wild-type CRT/E7 vaccine, which primarily generated murine H-2Db restricted E7 peptide (aa49-57) specific CD8 + T cell responses. We also observed transfection of the oncogenic DNA plasmids with electroporation generated spontaneous oral tumor in all of the injected mice. Additionally, treatment with CRT/E7(N53S) DNA vaccine intramuscularly followed by electroporation resulted in significant antitumor effects against the spontaneous HPV16 E6/E7-expressing oral tumors in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the data indicated that the combination of HPV16 E6/E7-expressing DNA, NRasG12V DNA and DNA encoding sleeping beauty transposase is able to generate spontaneous oral tumor in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice, which can be successfully controlled by treatment with CRT/E7(N53S) DNA vaccine. The translational potential of our studies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Hsueh Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Shiwen Peng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jinhwi Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 271, Cheonbo-Ro, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi-do, 11765, Republic of Korea
| | - Louise Ferrall
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CRB II, Johns Hopkins University, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Departments of Pathology, Oncology, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, CRB II Room 307, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
| | - T -C Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, CRB II, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CRB II, Johns Hopkins University, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, CRB II, Johns Hopkins University, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Departments of Pathology, Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, CRB II Room 309, 1550 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Haddad AF, Young JS, Amara D, Berger MS, Raleigh DR, Aghi MK, Butowski NA. Mouse models of glioblastoma for the evaluation of novel therapeutic strategies. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab100. [PMID: 34466804 PMCID: PMC8403483 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable brain tumor with a median survival of approximately 15 months despite an aggressive standard of care that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and ionizing radiation. Mouse models have advanced our understanding of GBM biology and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for GBM patients. However, model selection is crucial when testing developmental therapeutics, and each mouse model of GBM has unique advantages and disadvantages that can influence the validity and translatability of experimental results. To shed light on this process, we discuss the strengths and limitations of 3 types of mouse GBM models in this review: syngeneic models, genetically engineered mouse models, and xenograft models, including traditional xenograft cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander F Haddad
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jacob S Young
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dominic Amara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David R Raleigh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Manish K Aghi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nicholas A Butowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Corresponding Author: Nicholas A. Butowski, MD, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Ave Eighth Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA ()
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Henkle TR, Lam B, Kung YJ, Lin J, Tseng SH, Ferrall L, Xing D, Hung CF, Wu TC. Development of a Novel Mouse Model of Spontaneous High-Risk HPVE6/E7-Expressing Carcinoma in the Cervicovaginal Tract. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4560-4569. [PMID: 34215618 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Current preclinical models for cervical cancer lack important clinical and pathologic features. To improve upon these models, we aimed to develop a novel, spontaneous HPV16-expressing carcinoma model that captures major aspects of HPV-associated cancer in the female genital tract. This novel preclinical model features (i) expression of HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 in the tumors in female reproductive tract of mice, (ii) spontaneous progression through high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) to carcinoma, and (iii) flexibility to model cancers from different high-risk HPV genotypes. This was accomplished by injecting plasmids expressing HPV16 E6/E7-luciferase, AKT, c-myc, and Sleeping Beauty transposase into the cervicovaginal tract of C57BL/6 mice followed by electroporation. Cell lines derived from these tumors expressed HPV16 E6/E7 oncogenes, formed tumors in immunocompetent mice, and displayed carcinoma morphology. In all, this novel HPV-associated cervicogenital carcinoma model and HPV16E6/E7-expressing tumor cell line improves upon current HPV16-E6/E7-expressing tumor models. These tumor models may serve as important preclinical models for the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines or novel therapeutic interventions against HPV E6/E7-expressing tumors. SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes the development of a clinically relevant mouse model of cervicovaginal carcinoma that progresses from high-grade lesions and recapitulates key features of human HPV+ cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talia R Henkle
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brandon Lam
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yu Jui Kung
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Lin
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ssu-Hsueh Tseng
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Louise Ferrall
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Deyin Xing
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. .,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - T-C Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. .,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ampudia-Mesias E, Puerta-Martinez F, Bridges M, Zellmer D, Janeiro A, Strokes M, Sham YY, Taher A, Castro MG, Moertel CL, Pluhar GE, Olin MR. CD200 Immune-Checkpoint Peptide Elicits an Anti-glioma Response Through the DAP10 Signaling Pathway. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1980-1994. [PMID: 33829411 PMCID: PMC8609078 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous therapies aimed at driving an effective anti-glioma response have been employed over the last decade; nevertheless, survival outcomes for patients remain dismal. This may be due to the expression of immune-checkpoint ligands such as PD-L1 by glioblastoma (GBM) cells which interact with their respective receptors on tumor-infiltrating effector T cells curtailing the activation of anti-GBM CD8+ T cell-mediated responses. Therefore, a combinatorial regimen to abolish immunosuppression would provide a powerful therapeutic approach against GBM. We developed a peptide ligand (CD200AR-L) that binds an uncharacterized CD200 immune-checkpoint activation receptor (CD200AR). We sought to test the hypothesis that CD200AR-L/CD200AR binding signals via he DAP10&12 pathways through in vitro studies by analyzing transcription, protein, and phosphorylation, and in vivo loss of function studies using inhibitors to select signaling molecules. We report that CD200AR-L/CD200AR binding induces an initial activation of the DAP10&12 pathways followed by a decrease in activity within 30 min, followed by reactivation via a positive feedback loop. Further in vivo studies using DAP10&12KO mice revealed that DAP10, but not DAP12, is required for tumor control. When we combined CD200AR-L with an immune-stimulatory gene therapy, in an intracranial GBM model in vivo, we observed increased median survival, and long-term survivors. These studies are the first to characterize the signaling pathway used by the CD200AR, demonstrating a novel strategy for modulating immune checkpoints for immunotherapy currently being analyzed in a phase I adult trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Puerta-Martinez
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Miurel Bridges
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - David Zellmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Andrew Janeiro
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Matt Strokes
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc, Danvers, MA, 09123, USA
| | - Yuk Y Sham
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ayman Taher
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Christopher L Moertel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - G Elizabeth Pluhar
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael R Olin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- University of Minnesota, 2-167 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wu M, Xia X, Hu J, Fowlkes NW, Li S. WSX1 act as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating neoplastic PD-L1 expression. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3500. [PMID: 34108491 PMCID: PMC8190270 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
WSX1, a receptor subunit for IL-27, is widely expressed in immune cells and closely involved in immune response, but its function in nonimmune cells remains unknown. Here we report that WSX1 is highly expressed in human hepatocytes but downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Using NRAS/AKT-derived spontaneous HCC mouse models, we reveal an IL-27–independent tumor-suppressive effect of WSX1 that largely relies on CD8+ T-cell immune surveillance via reducing neoplastic PD-L1 expression and the associated CD8+ T-cell exhaustion. Mechanistically, WSX1 transcriptionally downregulates an isoform of PI3K—PI3Kδ and thereby inactivates AKT, reducing AKT-induced GSK3β inhibition. Activated GSK3β then boosts PD-L1 degradation, resulting in PD-L1 reduction. Overall, we demonstrate that WSX1 is a tumor suppressor that reinforces hepatic immune surveillance by blocking the PI3Kδ/AKT/GSK3β/PD-L1 pathway. Our results may yield insights into the host homeostatic control of immune response and benefit the development of cancer immunotherapies. The biological functions of WSX1, the alpha subunit of the interleukin-27 receptor, in non-immune cells are largely unknown. Here, the authors propose an IL-27-independent tumor suppressor role for WSX1 in hepatocytes, showing that WSX1 restricts tumor progression by down-regulating PD-L1 expression in tumour cells and maximizing T cell mediated antitumor immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Wu
- Liver Cancer Institute & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.,Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xueqing Xia
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jiemiao Hu
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Natalie Wall Fowlkes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Transgenic mouse are reliable, convenient models for studying human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The development of a synthetically engineered Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system further enables the viral-free, efficient delivery of desired oncogenes to mouse tissues. Here, we describe an SB transposon-based approach to induce HCC in mice by expressing a hyperactive form of N-RAS, N-RASG12V, while silencing the endogenous Trp53 gene via hydrodynamic tail vein injection, a method to rapidly deliver naked plasmids to mouse liver.
Collapse
|
38
|
Smith JL, Rodríguez TC, Mou H, Kwan SY, Pratt H, Zhang XO, Cao Y, Liang S, Ozata DM, Yu T, Yin Q, Hazeltine M, Weng Z, Sontheimer EJ, Xue W. YAP1 Withdrawal in Hepatoblastoma Drives Therapeutic Differentiation of Tumor Cells to Functional Hepatocyte-Like Cells. Hepatology 2021; 73:1011-1027. [PMID: 32452550 PMCID: PMC8500588 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite surgical and chemotherapeutic advances, the 5-year survival rate for stage IV hepatoblastoma (HB), the predominant pediatric liver tumor, remains at 27%. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and β-catenin co-activation occurs in 80% of children's HB; however, a lack of conditional genetic models precludes tumor maintenance exploration. Thus, the need for a targeted therapy remains unmet. Given the predominance of YAP1 and β-catenin activation in HB, we sought to evaluate YAP1 as a therapeutic target in HB. APPROACH AND RESULTS We engineered the conditional HB murine model using hydrodynamic injection to deliver transposon plasmids encoding inducible YAP1S127A , constitutive β-cateninDelN90 , and a luciferase reporter to murine liver. Tumor regression was evaluated using bioluminescent imaging, tumor landscape characterized using RNA and ATAC sequencing, and DNA footprinting. Here we show that YAP1S127A withdrawal mediates more than 90% tumor regression with survival for 230+ days in mice. YAP1S127A withdrawal promotes apoptosis in a subset of tumor cells, and in remaining cells induces a cell fate switch that drives therapeutic differentiation of HB tumors into Ki-67-negative hepatocyte-like HB cells ("HbHeps") with hepatocyte-like morphology and mature hepatocyte gene expression. YAP1S127A withdrawal drives the formation of hbHeps by modulating liver differentiation transcription factor occupancy. Indeed, tumor-derived hbHeps, consistent with their reprogrammed transcriptional landscape, regain partial hepatocyte function and rescue liver damage in mice. CONCLUSIONS YAP1S127A withdrawal, without silencing oncogenic β-catenin, significantly regresses hepatoblastoma, providing in vivo data to support YAP1 as a therapeutic target for HB. YAP1S127A withdrawal alone sufficiently drives long-term regression in HB, as it promotes cell death in a subset of tumor cells and modulates transcription factor occupancy to reverse the fate of residual tumor cells to mimic functional hepatocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L Smith
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Medical Scientist Training ProgramUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Tomás C Rodríguez
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Medical Scientist Training ProgramUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Haiwei Mou
- Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNY
| | - Suet-Yan Kwan
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Henry Pratt
- Medical Scientist Training ProgramUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Xiao-Ou Zhang
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Yueying Cao
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Shunqing Liang
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Deniz M Ozata
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Tianxiong Yu
- Department of BioinformaticsSchool of Life Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qiangzong Yin
- Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Max Hazeltine
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Zhiping Weng
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Erik J Sontheimer
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Program in Molecular MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases ResearchUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | - Wen Xue
- RNA Therapeutics InstituteUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Program in Molecular MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases ResearchUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA.,Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Haase S, Nuñez FM, Gauss JC, Thompson S, Brumley E, Lowenstein P, Castro MG. Hemispherical Pediatric High-Grade Glioma: Molecular Basis and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249654. [PMID: 33348922 PMCID: PMC7766684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the molecular characteristics, development, evolution, and therapeutic perspectives for pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) arising in cerebral hemispheres. Recently, the understanding of biology of pHGG experienced a revolution with discoveries arising from genomic and epigenomic high-throughput profiling techniques. These findings led to identification of prevalent molecular alterations in pHGG and revealed a strong connection between epigenetic dysregulation and pHGG development. Although we are only beginning to unravel the molecular biology underlying pHGG, there is a desperate need to develop therapies that would improve the outcome of pHGG patients, as current therapies do not elicit significant improvement in median survival for this patient population. We explore the molecular and cell biology and clinical state-of-the-art of pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) arising in cerebral hemispheres. We discuss the role of driving mutations, with a special consideration of the role of epigenetic-disrupting mutations. We will also discuss the possibilities of targeting unique molecular vulnerabilities of hemispherical pHGG to design innovative tailored therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (S.H.); (F.M.N.); (J.C.G.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (P.L.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fernando M. Nuñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (S.H.); (F.M.N.); (J.C.G.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (P.L.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jessica C. Gauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (S.H.); (F.M.N.); (J.C.G.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (P.L.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sarah Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (S.H.); (F.M.N.); (J.C.G.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (P.L.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily Brumley
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (S.H.); (F.M.N.); (J.C.G.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (P.L.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (S.H.); (F.M.N.); (J.C.G.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (P.L.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (S.H.); (F.M.N.); (J.C.G.); (S.T.); (E.B.); (P.L.)
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nunez FM, Gauss JC, Mendez FM, Haase S, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Brainstem High-Grade Glioma. STAR Protoc 2020; 1:100165. [PMID: 33377059 PMCID: PMC7757359 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Brainstem gliomas are aggressive tumors that are more prevalent in pediatric patients. The location of these tumors makes them inoperable, and currently there is no effective treatment. Recent genomic data revealed the unique biology of these tumors. The following protocol provides a method to incorporate these specific genetic lesions in a mouse glioma model. Using this model, the effects of these mutations in tumor progression and response to treatments can be studied within a relevant in vivo context. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Mendez et al. (2020). We describe a method to induce spontaneous brainstem high-grade gliomas in mice Genetic drivers can be selected to recapitulate human pediatric brainstem lesions Tumors develop in an immunocompetent host, providing a relevant preclinical model Cells isolated from the tumors can be implanted, generating a transplantable model
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M Nunez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jessica C Gauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Flor M Mendez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Amberger M, Ivics Z. Latest Advances for the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System: 23 Years of Insomnia but Prettier than Ever: Refinement and Recent Innovations of the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System Enabling Novel, Nonviral Genetic Engineering Applications. Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000136. [PMID: 32939778 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Sleeping Beauty transposon system is a nonviral DNA transfer tool capable of efficiently mediating transposition-based, stable integration of DNA sequences of choice into eukaryotic genomes. Continuous refinements of the system, including the emergence of hyperactive transposase mutants and novel approaches in vectorology, greatly improve upon transposition efficiency rivaling viral-vector-based methods for stable gene insertion. Current developments, such as reversible transgenesis and proof-of-concept RNA-guided transposition, further expand on possible applications in the future. In addition, innate advantages such as lack of preferential integration into genes reduce insertional mutagenesis-related safety concerns while comparably low manufacturing costs enable widespread implementation. Accordingly, the system is recognized as a powerful and versatile tool for genetic engineering and is playing a central role in an ever-expanding number of gene and cell therapy clinical trials with the potential to become a key technology to meet the growing demand for advanced therapy medicinal products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Amberger
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, D-63225, Germany
| | - Zoltán Ivics
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, D-63225, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Noorani I, de la Rosa J, Choi YH, Strong A, Ponstingl H, Vijayabaskar MS, Lee J, Lee E, Richard-Londt A, Friedrich M, Furlanetto F, Fuente R, Banerjee R, Yang F, Law F, Watts C, Rad R, Vassiliou G, Kim JK, Santarius T, Brandner S, Bradley A. PiggyBac mutagenesis and exome sequencing identify genetic driver landscapes and potential therapeutic targets of EGFR-mutant gliomas. Genome Biol 2020; 21:181. [PMID: 32727536 PMCID: PMC7392733 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common intrinsic brain tumor and also occurs in the spinal cord. Activating EGFR mutations are common in IDH1 wild-type gliomas. However, the cooperative partners of EGFR driving gliomagenesis remain poorly understood. Results We explore EGFR-mutant glioma evolution in conditional mutant mice by whole-exome sequencing, transposon mutagenesis forward genetic screening, and transcriptomics. We show mutant EGFR is sufficient to initiate gliomagenesis in vivo, both in the brain and spinal cord. We identify significantly recurrent somatic alterations in these gliomas including mutant EGFR amplifications and Sub1, Trp53, and Tead2 loss-of-function mutations. Comprehensive functional characterization of 96 gliomas by genome-wide piggyBac insertional mutagenesis in vivo identifies 281 known and novel EGFR-cooperating driver genes, including Cdkn2a, Nf1, Spred1, and Nav3. Transcriptomics confirms transposon-mediated effects on expression of these genes. We validate the clinical relevance of new putative tumor suppressors by showing these are frequently altered in patients’ gliomas, with prognostic implications. We discover shared and distinct driver mutations in brain and spinal gliomas and confirm in vivo differential tumor suppressive effects of Pten between these tumors. Functional validation with CRISPR-Cas9-induced mutations in novel genes Tead2, Spred1, and Nav3 demonstrates heightened EGFRvIII-glioma cell proliferation. Chemogenomic analysis of mutated glioma genes reveals potential drug targets, with several investigational drugs showing efficacy in vitro. Conclusion Our work elucidates functional driver landscapes of EGFR-mutant gliomas, uncovering potential therapeutic strategies, and provides new tools for functional interrogation of gliomagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Noorani
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Jorge de la Rosa
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK.,Department of New Biology, DGIST, 333, Techno Jungang Daero, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Alexander Strong
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Hannes Ponstingl
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - M S Vijayabaskar
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jusung Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, 333, Techno Jungang Daero, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Eunmin Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, 333, Techno Jungang Daero, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Angela Richard-Londt
- Division of Neuropathology and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, Mailbox 126, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Mathias Friedrich
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Federica Furlanetto
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Rocio Fuente
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ruby Banerjee
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Fengtang Yang
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Frances Law
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Colin Watts
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Birmingham Brain Cancer Program, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Roland Rad
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - George Vassiliou
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, 333, Techno Jungang Daero, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Thomas Santarius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Division of Neuropathology and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, Mailbox 126, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Allan Bradley
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Garcia-Fabiani MB, Kadiyala P, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. An Optimized Protocol for In Vivo Analysis of Tumor Cell Division in a Sleeping Beauty-Mediated Mouse Glioma Model. STAR Protoc 2020; 1. [PMID: 32984853 PMCID: PMC7518519 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, and high mitotic rates are associated with their malignancy. Gliomas were modeled in mice using the Sleeping Beauty system to encode genetic lesions recapitulating the human disease. The presented workflow allows the study of the proliferation of glioma cells in vivo, enabling the identification of different phases of the cell cycle, with the advantage that 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining does not involve denaturation steps and samples do not require histological processing. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Núñez et al. (2019). An optimized protocol to analyze in vivo cell cycle progression in glioma models Genetically engineered gliomas are modeled in mice using the Sleeping Beauty method EdU incorporation and histone 3-serine-10 phosphorylation are measured in tumor cells Analysis is done by flow cytometry and samples do not require histological processing
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria B Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Technical Contact
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Lead Contact
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Qin Y, Musket A, Kou J, Preiszner J, Tschida BR, Qin A, Land CA, Staal B, Kang L, Tanner K, Jiang Y, Schweitzer JB, Largaespada DA, Xie Q. Overexpression of HGF/MET axis along with p53 inhibition induces de novo glioma formation in mice. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa067. [PMID: 32642717 PMCID: PMC7332240 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant MET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation leads to invasive tumor growth in different types of cancer. Overexpression of MET and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) occurs more frequently in glioblastoma (GBM) than in low-grade gliomas. Although we have shown previously that HGF-autocrine activation predicts sensitivity to MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in GBM, whether it initiates tumorigenesis remains elusive. Methods Using a well-established Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon strategy, we injected human HGF and MET cDNA together with a short hairpin siRNA against Trp53 (SB-hHgf.Met.ShP53) into the lateral ventricle of neonatal mice to induce spontaneous glioma initiation and characterized the tumors with H&E and immunohistochemistry analysis. Glioma sphere cells also were isolated for measuring the sensitivity to specific MET TKIs. Results Mixed injection of SB-hHgf.Met.ShP53 plasmids induced de novo glioma formation with invasive tumor growth accompanied by HGF and MET overexpression. While glioma stem cells (GSCs) are considered as the tumor-initiating cells in GBM, both SB-hHgf.Met.ShP53 tumor sections and glioma spheres harvested from these tumors expressed GSC markers nestin, GFAP, and Sox 2. Moreover, specific MET TKIs significantly inhibited tumor spheres' proliferation and MET/MAPK/AKT signaling. Conclusions Overexpression of the HGF/MET axis along with p53 attenuation may transform neural stem cells into GSCs, resulting in GBM formation in mice. These tumors are primarily driven by the MET RTK pathway activation and are sensitive to MET TKIs. The SB-hHgf.Met.ShP53 spontaneous mouse glioma model provides a useful tool for studying GBM tumor biology and MET-targeting therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna Musket
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jianqun Kou
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Johanna Preiszner
- Department of Pathology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Barbara R Tschida
- Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anna Qin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Craig A Land
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ben Staal
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Liang Kang
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Kirk Tanner
- National Brain Tumor Society, Newton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - John B Schweitzer
- Department of Pathology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - David A Largaespada
- Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mendez F, Kadiyala P, Nunez FJ, Carney S, Nunez FM, Gauss JC, Ravindran R, Pawar S, Edwards M, Garcia-Fabiani MB, Haase S, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Therapeutic Efficacy of Immune Stimulatory Thymidine Kinase and fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand (TK/Flt3L) Gene Therapy in a Mouse Model of High-Grade Brainstem Glioma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:4080-4092. [PMID: 32332014 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) bears a dismal prognosis. A genetically engineered brainstem glioma model harboring the recurrent DIPG mutation, Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1)-G328V (mACVR1), was developed for testing an immune-stimulatory gene therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We utilized the Sleeping Beauty transposase system to generate an endogenous mouse model of mACVR1 brainstem glioma. Histology was used to characterize and validate the model. We performed RNA-sequencing analysis on neurospheres harboring mACVR1. mACVR1 neurospheres were implanted into the pons of immune-competent mice to test the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of immune-stimulatory gene therapy using adenoviruses expressing thymidine kinase (TK) and fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L). mACVR1 neurospheres expressing the surrogate tumor antigen ovalbumin were generated to investigate whether TK/Flt3L treatment induces the recruitment of tumor antigen-specific T cells. RESULTS Histologic analysis of mACVR1 tumors indicates that they are localized in the brainstem and have increased downstream signaling of bone morphogenetic pathway as demonstrated by increased phospho-smad1/5 and Id1 levels. Transcriptome analysis of mACVR1 neurosphere identified an increase in the TGFβ signaling pathway and the regulation of cell differentiation. Adenoviral delivery of TK/Flt3L in mice bearing brainstem gliomas resulted in antitumor immunity, recruitment of antitumor-specific T cells, and increased median survival (MS). CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into the phenotype and function of the tumor immune microenvironment in a mouse model of brainstem glioma harboring mACVR1. Immune-stimulatory gene therapy targeting the hosts' antitumor immune response inhibits tumor progression and increases MS of mice bearing mACVR1 tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flor Mendez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Felipe J Nunez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephen Carney
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Fernando M Nunez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jessica C Gauss
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ramya Ravindran
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sheeba Pawar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Maria Belen Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Núñez FJ, Mendez FM, Kadiyala P, Alghamri MS, Savelieff MG, Garcia-Fabiani MB, Haase S, Koschmann C, Calinescu AA, Kamran N, Saxena M, Patel R, Carney S, Guo MZ, Edwards M, Ljungman M, Qin T, Sartor MA, Tagett R, Venneti S, Brosnan-Cashman J, Meeker A, Gorbunova V, Zhao L, Kremer DM, Zhang L, Lyssiotis CA, Jones L, Herting CJ, Ross JL, Hambardzumyan D, Hervey-Jumper S, Figueroa ME, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. IDH1-R132H acts as a tumor suppressor in glioma via epigenetic up-regulation of the DNA damage response. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/479/eaaq1427. [PMID: 30760578 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaq1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients with glioma whose tumors carry a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1R132H) are younger at diagnosis and live longer. IDH1 mutations co-occur with other molecular lesions, such as 1p/19q codeletion, inactivating mutations in the tumor suppressor protein 53 (TP53) gene, and loss-of-function mutations in alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked gene (ATRX). All adult low-grade gliomas (LGGs) harboring ATRX loss also express the IDH1R132H mutation. The current molecular classification of LGGs is based, partly, on the distribution of these mutations. We developed a genetically engineered mouse model harboring IDH1R132H, TP53 and ATRX inactivating mutations, and activated NRAS G12V. Previously, we established that ATRX deficiency, in the context of wild-type IDH1, induces genomic instability, impairs nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair, and increases sensitivity to DNA-damaging therapies. In this study, using our mouse model and primary patient-derived glioma cultures with IDH1 mutations, we investigated the function of IDH1R132H in the context of TP53 and ATRX loss. We discovered that IDH1R132H expression in the genetic context of ATRX and TP53 gene inactivation (i) increases median survival in the absence of treatment, (ii) enhances DNA damage response (DDR) via epigenetic up-regulation of the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) signaling pathway, and (iii) elicits tumor radioresistance. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of ATM or checkpoint kinases 1 and 2, essential kinases in the DDR, restored the tumors' radiosensitivity. Translation of these findings to patients with IDH1132H glioma harboring TP53 and ATRX loss could improve the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy and, consequently, patient survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Flor M Mendez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mahmoud S Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Masha G Savelieff
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria B Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Neha Kamran
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Meghna Saxena
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rohin Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marissa Z Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Marta Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maureen A Sartor
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rebecca Tagett
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Alan Meeker
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel M Kremer
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Graduate Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lindsey Jones
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Graduate Division of Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - James L Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Graduate Division of Cancer Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shawn Hervey-Jumper
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria E Figueroa
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136-1000, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tuzmen C, Cairns TM, Atanasiu D, Lou H, Saw WT, Hall BL, Cohen JB, Cohen GH, Glorioso JC. Point Mutations in Retargeted gD Eliminate the Sensitivity of EGFR/EGFRvIII-Targeted HSV to Key Neutralizing Antibodies. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 16:145-154. [PMID: 32042851 PMCID: PMC7000558 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Effective oncolytic virotherapy may require systemic delivery, tumor targeting, and resistance to virus-neutralizing (VN) antibodies. Since herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein D (gD) is the viral attachment/entry protein and predominant VN target, we examined the impact of gD retargeting alone and in combination with alterations in dominant VN epitopes on virus susceptibility to VN antibodies. We compared the binding of a panel of anti-gD monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that mimic antibody specificities in human HSV-immune sera to the purified ectodomains of wild-type and retargeted gD, revealing the retention of two prominent epitopes. Substitution of a key residue in each epitope, separately and together, revealed that both substitutions (1) blocked retargeted gD recognition by mAbs to the respective epitopes, and, in combination, caused a global reduction in mAb binding; (2) protected against fusion inhibition by VN mAbs reactive with each epitope in virus-free cell-cell fusion assays; and (3) increased the resistance of retargeted HSV-1 to these VN mAbs. Although the combined modifications of retargeted gD allowed bona fide retargeting, incorporation into virions was partially compromised. Our results indicate that stacking of epitope mutations can additively block retargeted gD recognition by VN antibodies but also that improvements in gD incorporation into virus particles may be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Tuzmen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Tina M Cairns
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Doina Atanasiu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Huan Lou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wan Ting Saw
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bonnie L Hall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Justus B Cohen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Gary H Cohen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph C Glorioso
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Gliomas: Technological Developments for Translational Discoveries. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091335. [PMID: 31505839 PMCID: PMC6770673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common brain tumours, gliomas, have significant morbidity. Detailed biological and genetic understanding of these tumours is needed in order to devise effective, rational therapies. In an era generating unprecedented quantities of genomic sequencing data from human cancers, complementary methods of deciphering the underlying functional cancer genes and mechanisms are becoming even more important. Genetically engineered mouse models of gliomas have provided a platform for investigating the molecular underpinning of this complex disease, and new tools for such models are emerging that are enabling us to answer the most important questions in the field. Here, I discuss improvements to genome engineering technologies that have led to more faithful mouse models resembling human gliomas, including new cre/LoxP transgenic lines that allow more accurate cell targeting of genetic recombination, Sleeping Beauty and piggyBac transposons for the integration of transgenes and genetic screens, and CRISPR-cas9 for generating genetic knockout and functional screens. Applications of these technologies are providing novel insights into the functional genetic drivers of gliomagenesis, how these genes cooperate with one another, and the potential cells-of-origin of gliomas, knowledge of which is critical to the development of targeted treatments for patients in the clinic.
Collapse
|
49
|
Alghamri MS, Núñez FJ, Kamran N, Carney S, Altshuler D, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Functional characterization of tumor antigen-specific T-cells isolated from the tumor microenvironment of sleeping beauty induced murine glioma models. Methods Enzymol 2019; 631:91-106. [PMID: 31948569 PMCID: PMC7021207 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Diffuse Gliomas represent 80% of brain tumors with an average survival of the most aggressive form glioblastoma (GBM) 15-22 months from the time of diagnosis. The current standard of care includes tumor resection, chemotherapy and radiation, nevertheless, the incidence of recurrence remains high and there is a critical need for developing new therapeutic strategies. T-cell mediated immunotherapy that triggers an anti-tumor T cell-mediated memory response is a promising approach since it will not only attack the primary tumor but also prevent recurrence. Multiple immunotherapeutic strategies against glioma are currently being tested in clinical trials. We have developed an immune-mediated gene therapy (Thymidine kinase plus Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand: TK/Flt3L) which induces a robust anti-tumor T cell response leading to tumor regression, long-term survival and immunological memory in GBM models. Efficacy of the anti-glioma T cell therapy is determined by anti-tumor specific effector T cells. Therefore, assessing effector T cell activation status and function are critical readouts for determining the effectiveness of the therapy. Here, we detail methodologies to evaluate tumor specific T-cell responses using a genetically engineered Sleeping Beauty transposase-mediated glioma model. We first describe the glioma model and the generation of neurospheres (NS) that express the surrogate antigen cOVA. Then, we describe functional assays to determine anti-tumor T-cell response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S Alghamri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Felipe J Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Neha Kamran
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephen Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - David Altshuler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Garcia-Fabiani MB, Comba A, Kadiyala P, Haase S, Núñez FJ, Altshuler D, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Isolation and characterization of immune cells from the tumor microenvironment of genetically engineered pediatric high-grade glioma models using the sleeping beauty transposon system. Methods Enzymol 2019; 632:369-388. [PMID: 32000905 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in the pediatric population. Even though great efforts have been made to understand their distinctive molecular characteristics, there has not been any improvements in the median survival in decades. In children, high-grade glial tumors have a median survival of 9-15 months. It has recently been demonstrated that pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are biologically and molecularly different from the adult counterparts, which could explain why conventional treatments universally fail. The development of an in vivo pHGG model harboring the specific genetic alterations encountered in pediatric gliomas is imperative in order to study the molecular basis that drives the progression and aggressiveness of these tumors. It would also enable harnessing these results for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Our lab has implemented a method to induce brain tumors using transposon-mediated integration of plasmid DNA into cells of the subventricular zone of neonatal mouse brain. One of the main advantages of this method is that tumors are induced by altering the genome of the host cells, allowing us to recapitulate the salient features of the human disease. In this chapter we describe a method to isolate two cell populations from tumors generated in situ in mice, i.e., one population enriched in tumor cells and another population enriched in CD45+ cells. We also present methodologies as to how tumor infiltrating immune cells can be phenotypically characterized using flow cytometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Belen Garcia-Fabiani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Padma Kadiyala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Santiago Haase
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Felipe Javier Núñez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - David Altshuler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Pedro Ricardo Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria Graciela Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|