1
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Komatsu D, Yamada K, Hanamoto T. Iodine-promoted synthesis of CF 3-substituted dihydroimidazobenzimidazole and CF 3-dihydroimidazoindole via C-N bond formation. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6762-6771. [PMID: 37561059 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01124k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The iodine-promoted cyclization of various N-(2-CF3-2-NHTs)ethylbenzimidazoles and N-(2-CF3-2-NHTs)ethylindoles proceeded smoothly and efficiently under mild basic conditions. This reaction did not require transition metals and afforded the corresponding CF3-dihydroimidazobenzimidazoles and CF3-dihydroimidazoindoles in 85-93% and 42-82% yields, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Komatsu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Honjyo-machi 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan.
| | - Kasumi Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Honjyo-machi 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Hanamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Honjyo-machi 1, Saga 840-8502, Japan.
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2
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Serttas R, Erdogan S. Pretreatment of prostate cancer cells with salinomycin and Wnt inhibitor increases the efficacy of cabazitaxel by inducing apoptosis and decreasing cancer stem cells. Med Oncol 2023; 40:194. [PMID: 37264204 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with metastasis and recurrence in prostate cancer as well as other cancers. We aimed to enhance the sensitivity of cabazitaxel in prostate cancer cell therapy by targeting CSCs with a Wnt inhibitor and salinomycin pretreatment. PC3, DU-145, and LNCaP human prostate cancer cells were exposed to Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor CCT036477 (iWnt) with salinomycin for 48 h, followed by cabazitaxel treatment for 48 h. Cell viability, mRNA, and protein expression changes were evaluated by MTT, RT-qPCR, and Western blot assays, respectively. Apoptosis was determined by image-based cytometry, and cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. Three-dimensional culture was established to assess the malignant phenotype and stemness potential of transformed or cancer cells. CD44 + CSCs were isolated using magnetic-activated cell sorting system. Pretreatment of PC3, DU-145, and LNCaP cells with salinomycin iWnt significantly sensitized the cells to cabazitaxel therapy. Spheroid culture confirmed that the treatment modality was more effective than a single administration of chemotherapy. The pretreatment of PC3 cells increased the rate of apoptosis compared to single administration of cabazitaxel, which downregulated Bcl-2 and upregulated caspase 3, caspase 8 expressions. The pretreatment suppressed cell migration, downregulated the expression of Sox2 and Nanog, and significantly reduced CD44 + CSC numbers. Notably, the treatment modality reduced pAKT, p-P38 MAPK, and pERK1/2. The data suggest that pretreatment of prostate cancer cells with salinomycin and Wnt inhibitor may increase the efficacy of cabazitaxel therapy by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, and eliminating cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riza Serttas
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Suat Erdogan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey.
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3
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Park WJ, Kim MJ. A New Wave of Targeting 'Undruggable' Wnt Signaling for Cancer Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081110. [PMID: 37190019 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Wnt signaling activation is frequently observed in many cancers. The mutation acquisition of Wnt signaling leads to tumorigenesis, whereas the inhibition of Wnt signaling robustly suppresses tumor development in various in vivo models. Based on the excellent preclinical effect of targeting Wnt signaling, over the past 40 years, numerous Wnt-targeted therapies have been investigated for cancer treatment. However, Wnt signaling-targeting drugs are still not clinically available. A major obstacle to Wnt targeting is the concomitant side effects during treatment due to the pleiotropic role of Wnt signaling in development, tissue homeostasis, and stem cells. Additionally, the complexity of the Wnt signaling cascades across different cancer contexts hinders the development of optimized targeted therapies. Although the therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling remains challenging, alternative strategies have been continuously developed alongside technological advances. In this review, we give an overview of current Wnt targeting strategies and discuss recent promising trials that have the potential to be clinically realized based on their mechanism of action. Furthermore, we highlight new waves of Wnt targeting that combine recently developed technologies such as PROTAC/molecular glue, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), and anti-sense oligonucleotides (ASO), which may provide us with new opportunities to target 'undruggable' Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jung Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Jong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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4
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Zhang M, Liu J, Mao A, Ning G, Cao Y, Zhang W, Wang Q. Tmem88 confines ectodermal Wnt2bb signaling in pharyngeal arch artery progenitors for balancing cell cycle progression and cell fate decision. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:234-250. [PMID: 39195996 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00215-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Pharyngeal arch artery (PAA) progenitors undergo proliferative expansion and angioblast differentiation to build vessels connecting the heart with the dorsal aortae. However, it remains unclear whether and how these two processes are orchestrated. Here we demonstrate that Tmem88 is required to fine-tune PAA progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Loss of zebrafish tmem88a/b leads to an excessive expansion and a failure of differentiation of PAA progenitors. Moreover, tmem88a/b deficiency enhances cyclin D1 expression in PAA progenitors via aberrant Wnt signal activation. Mechanistically, cyclin D1-CDK4/6 promotes progenitor proliferation through accelerating the G1/S transition while suppressing angioblast differentiation by phosphorylating Nkx2.5/Smad3. Ectodermal Wnt2bb signaling is confined by Tmem88 in PAA progenitors to ensure a balance between proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, the proliferation and angioblast differentiation of PAA progenitors manifest an inverse relationship and are delicately regulated by cell cycle machinery downstream of the Tmem88-Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhu Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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5
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Choi S, Kim H, Ryu WJ, Choi KY, Kim T, Song D, Han G. Structural Optimization of Novel Ras Modulator for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer by Promoting β-catenin and Ras degradation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 130:106234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Tufail M, Cui J, Wu C. Breast cancer: molecular mechanisms of underlying resistance and therapeutic approaches. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2920-2949. [PMID: 35968356 PMCID: PMC9360230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) affects over 250,000 women in the US each year. Drug-resistant cancer cells are responsible for most breast cancer fatalities. Scientists are developing novel chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted therapy combinations to overcome cancer cell resistance. Combining drugs can reduce the chances of a tumor developing resistance to treatment. Clinical research has shown that combination chemotherapy enhances or improves survival, depending on the patient's response to treatment. Combination therapy is a highly successful supplemental cancer treatment. This review sheds light on intrinsic resistance to BC drugs and the importance of combination therapy for BC treatment. In addition to recurrence and metastasis of BC, the article discussed biomarkers for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Jia Cui
- Department of Microbiology, Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
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7
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Fu S, Tan R, Feng Y, Yu P, Mo Y, Xiao W, Wang S, Zhang J. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induces zebrafish anomalous angiogenesis through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113674. [PMID: 35623148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) is a prevalent environmental carcinogen, which leads to tumors in various organs in animal models, while the mechanisms involved were still not fully understood. It is well known that anomalous angiogenesis is a key step in tumorigenesis and progression. In this study, we found that MNU induced abnormal angiogenesis which was accompanied by upregulation of rspo1, p53 and vegfaa in zebrafish embryos. Moreover, it revealed that MNU-induced ectopic sprouting of blood vessels was significantly reduced in rspo1-knockdown but not p53-knockdown embryos, indicating that rspo1 was necessary for MNU-induced abnormal angiogenesis. Additionally, pharmaceutical activation or inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway using (2'Z,3'E)- 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime or CCT036477 significantly increased or inhibited the pro-angiogenic effect of MNU on developing zebrafish embryos, which was confirmed by the effect of proliferation and migration in MNU-treated bEnd.3 cells. These data together indicated that rspo1/Wnt/β-catenin/vegfaa axis is involved in the modulation of MNU-induced anomalous angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifang Fu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Rongbang Tan
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yufei Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yuqian Mo
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China.
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8
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Salame N, Fooks K, El-Hachem N, Bikorimana JP, Mercier FE, Rafei M. Recent Advances in Cancer Drug Discovery Through the Use of Phenotypic Reporter Systems, Connectivity Mapping, and Pooled CRISPR Screening. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:852143. [PMID: 35795568 PMCID: PMC9250974 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.852143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-omic approaches offer an unprecedented overview of the development, plasticity, and resistance of cancer. However, the translation from anti-cancer compounds identified in vitro to clinically active drugs have a notoriously low success rate. Here, we review how technical advances in cell culture, robotics, computational biology, and development of reporter systems have transformed drug discovery, enabling screening approaches tailored to clinically relevant functional readouts (e.g., bypassing drug resistance). Illustrating with selected examples of “success stories,” we describe the process of phenotype-based high-throughput drug screening to target malignant cells or the immune system. Second, we describe computational approaches that link transcriptomic profiling of cancers with existing pharmaceutical compounds to accelerate drug repurposing. Finally, we review how CRISPR-based screening can be applied for the discovery of mechanisms of drug resistance and sensitization. Overall, we explore how the complementary strengths of each of these approaches allow them to transform the paradigm of pre-clinical drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Salame
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katharine Fooks
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nehme El-Hachem
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Bikorimana
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François E. Mercier
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: François E. Mercier, ; Moutih Rafei,
| | - Moutih Rafei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: François E. Mercier, ; Moutih Rafei,
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9
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McCoy MA, Spicer D, Wells N, Hoogewijs K, Fiedler M, Baud MGJ. Biophysical Survey of Small-Molecule β-Catenin Inhibitors: A Cautionary Tale. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7246-7261. [PMID: 35581674 PMCID: PMC9150122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The canonical Wingless-related
integration site signaling pathway
plays a critical role in human physiology, and its dysregulation can
lead to an array of diseases. β-Catenin is a multifunctional
protein within this pathway and an attractive yet challenging therapeutic
target, most notably in oncology. This has stimulated the search for
potent small-molecule inhibitors binding directly to the β-catenin
surface to inhibit its protein–protein interactions and downstream
signaling. Here, we provide an account of the claimed (and some putative)
small-molecule ligands of β-catenin from the literature. Through
in silico analysis, we show that most of these molecules contain promiscuous
chemical substructures notorious for interfering with screening assays.
Finally, and in line with this analysis, we demonstrate using orthogonal
biophysical techniques that none of the examined small molecules bind
at the surface of β-catenin. While shedding doubts on their
reported mode of action, this study also reaffirms β-catenin
as a prominent target in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A McCoy
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Dominique Spicer
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Neil Wells
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Kurt Hoogewijs
- National University of Ireland, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Marc Fiedler
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K
| | - Matthias G J Baud
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
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10
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Bellchambers HM, Barratt KS, Diamand KEM, Arkell RM. SUMOylation Potentiates ZIC Protein Activity to Influence Murine Neural Crest Cell Specification. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910437. [PMID: 34638777 PMCID: PMC8509024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of neural crest cell induction and specification are highly conserved among vertebrate model organisms, but how similar these mechanisms are in mammalian neural crest cell formation remains open to question. The zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (ZIC1) transcription factor is considered a core component of the vertebrate gene regulatory network that specifies neural crest fate at the neural plate border. In mouse embryos, however, Zic1 mutation does not cause neural crest defects. Instead, we and others have shown that murine Zic2 and Zic5 mutate to give a neural crest phenotype. Here, we extend this knowledge by demonstrating that murine Zic3 is also required for, and co-operates with, Zic2 and Zic5 during mammalian neural crest specification. At the murine neural plate border (a region of high canonical WNT activity) ZIC2, ZIC3, and ZIC5 function as transcription factors to jointly activate the Foxd3 specifier gene. This function is promoted by SUMOylation of the ZIC proteins at a conserved lysine immediately N-terminal of the ZIC zinc finger domain. In contrast, in the lateral regions of the neurectoderm (a region of low canonical WNT activity) basal ZIC proteins act as co-repressors of WNT/TCF-mediated transcription. Our work provides a mechanism by which mammalian neural crest specification is restricted to the neural plate border. Furthermore, given that WNT signaling and SUMOylation are also features of non-mammalian neural crest specification, it suggests that mammalian neural crest induction shares broad conservation, but altered molecular detail, with chicken, zebrafish, and Xenopus neural crest induction.
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11
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Chang J, Xavier HW, Chen D, Liu Y, Li H, Bian Z. Potential Role of Traditional Chinese Medicines by Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Compared With Targeted Small Molecules in Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:690501. [PMID: 34381360 PMCID: PMC8350388 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.690501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a global public health problem because of its high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. The previous clinical treatment for CRC mainly involves conventional surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. With the development of tumor molecular targeted therapy, small molecule inhibitors present a great advantage in improving the survival of patients with advanced CRC. However, various side effects and drug resistance induced by chemotherapy are still the major obstacles to improve the clinical benefit. Thus, it is crucial to find new and alternative drugs for CRC treatment. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been proved to have low toxicity and multi-target characteristics. In the last few decades, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that TCMs exhibit strong anticancer effects in both experimental and clinical models and may serve as alternative chemotherapy agents for CRC treatment. Notably, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of CRC by modulating the stability of β-catenin in the cytoplasm. Targeting Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a novel direction for developing therapies for CRC. In this review, we outlined the anti-tumor effects of small molecular inhibitors on CRC through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. More importantly, we focused on the potential role of TCMs against tumors by targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling at different stages of CRC, including precancerous lesions, early stage of CRC and advanced CRC. Furthermore, we also discussed perspectives to develop potential new drugs from TCMs via Wnt/β-catenin pathway for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Chang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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12
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El Sabeh M, Saha SK, Afrin S, Islam MS, Borahay MA. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in uterine leiomyoma: role in tumor biology and targeting opportunities. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3513-3536. [PMID: 33999334 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common tumor of the female reproductive system and originates from a single transformed myometrial smooth muscle cell. Despite the immense medical, psychosocial, and financial impact, the exact underlying mechanisms of leiomyoma pathobiology are poorly understood. Alterations of signaling pathways are thought to be instrumental in leiomyoma biology. Wnt/β-catenin pathway appears to be involved in several aspects of the genesis of leiomyomas. For example, Wnt5b is overexpressed in leiomyoma, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway appears to mediate the role of MED12 mutations, the most common mutations in leiomyoma, in tumorigenesis. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a paracrine role where estrogen/progesterone treatment of mature myometrial or leiomyoma cells leads to increased expression of Wnt11 and Wnt16, which induces proliferation of leiomyoma stem cells and tumor growth. Constitutive activation of β-catenin leads to myometrial hyperplasia and leiomyoma-like lesions in animal models. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is also closely involved in mechanotransduction and extracellular matrix regulation and relevant alterations in leiomyoma, and crosstalk is noted between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and other pathways known to regulate leiomyoma development and growth such as estrogen, progesterone, TGFβ, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, IGF, Hippo, and Notch signaling. Finally, evidence suggests that inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway using β-catenin inhibitors inhibits leiomyoma cell proliferation. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of leiomyoma development is essential for effective treatment. The specific Wnt/β-catenin pathway molecules discussed in this review constitute compelling candidates for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak El Sabeh
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Subbroto Kumar Saha
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mostafa A Borahay
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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13
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Xu X, Zhang M, Xu F, Jiang S. Wnt signaling in breast cancer: biological mechanisms, challenges and opportunities. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:165. [PMID: 33234169 PMCID: PMC7686704 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is a highly conserved signaling pathway that plays a critical role in controlling embryonic and organ development, as well as cancer progression. Genome-wide sequencing and gene expression profile analyses have demonstrated that Wnt signaling is involved mainly in the processes of breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. The most recent studies have indicated that Wnt signaling is also crucial in breast cancer immune microenvironment regulation, stemness maintenance, therapeutic resistance, phenotype shaping, etc. Wnt/β-Catenin, Wnt-planar cell polarity (PCP), and Wnt-Ca2+ signaling are three well-established Wnt signaling pathways that share overlapping components and play different roles in breast cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the main findings concerning the relationship between Wnt signaling and breast cancer and provide an overview of existing mechanisms, challenges, and potential opportunities for advancing the therapy and diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Miaofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Faying Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Shaojie Jiang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
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14
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Wu D, Zhang Z, Chen X, Yan Y, Liu X. Angel or Devil ? - CDK8 as the new drug target. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 213:113043. [PMID: 33257171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) plays an momentous role in transcription regulation by forming kinase module or transcription factor phosphorylation. A large number of evidences have identified CDK8 as an important factor in cancer occurrence and development. In addition, CDK8 also participates in the regulation of cancer cell stress response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, assists tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therefore, CDK8 is regarded as a promising target for cancer therapy. Most studies in recent years supported the role of CDK8 as a carcinogen, however, under certain conditions, CDK8 exists as a tumor suppressor. The functional diversity of CDK8 and its exceptional role in different types of cancer have aroused great interest from scientists but even more controversy during the discovery of CDK8 inhibitors. In addition, CDK8 appears to be an effective target for inflammation diseases and immune system disorders. Therefore, we summarized the research results of CDK8, involving physiological/pathogenic mechanisms and the development status of compounds targeting CDK8, provide a reference for the feasibility evaluation of CDK8 as a therapeutic target, and guidance for researchers who are involved in this field for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- School of Biological Engineering, Hefei Technology College, Hefei, 238000, PR China
| | - Zhaoyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Yaoyao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China.
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15
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Ma D, Chen X, Shen XB, Sheng LQ, Liu XH. Binding patterns and structure–activity relationship of CDK8 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Yamaguchi K, Nagatoishi S, Tsumoto K, Furukawa Y. Discovery of chemical probes that suppress Wnt/β-catenin signaling through high-throughput screening. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:783-794. [PMID: 31912579 PMCID: PMC7060471 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway has been observed in a wide range of human tumors. Deregulation of the pathway is closely linked to various aspects of human carcinogenesis such as cell viability, regulation of cell cycle, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, and maintenance of stemness. In addition, recent studies have disclosed the involvement of Wnt signaling in immune evasion of tumor cells. The accumulation of β‐catenin in the nucleus is a common feature of cancer cells carrying defects in the pathway, which leads to the continuous activation of T‐cell factor (TCF)/LEF transcription factors. Consequently, a genetic program is switched on, leading to the uncontrolled growth, prolonged survival, and acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype. As β‐catenin/TCF serves as a signaling hub for the pathway, β‐catenin/TCF‐dependent transcriptional activity is a relevant readout of the pathway. To date, a wide variety of synthetic TCF/LEF reporters has been developed, and high‐throughput screening (HTS) using these reporters has made significant contributions to the discovery of Wnt inhibitors. Indeed, HTS led to the identification of chemical probes targeting porcupine, a membrane bound O‐acyltransferase, and CREB‐binding protein, a transcriptional coactivator. This review focuses on various screening strategies for the discovery of Wnt inhibitors and their mode of action to help the creation of new concepts for assay/screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Nagatoishi
- Project Division of Advanced Biopharmaceutical Science, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Project Division of Advanced Biopharmaceutical Science, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Furukawa
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Melouane A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Extracellular matrix/mitochondria pathway: A novel potential target for sarcopenia. Mitochondrion 2020; 50:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Young RM, Ewan KB, Ferrer VP, Allende ML, Godovac-Zimmermann J, Dale TC, Wilson SW. Developmentally regulated Tcf7l2 splice variants mediate transcriptional repressor functions during eye formation. eLife 2019; 8:e51447. [PMID: 31829936 PMCID: PMC6908431 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tcf7l2 mediates Wnt/β-Catenin signalling during development and is implicated in cancer and type-2 diabetes. The mechanisms by which Tcf7l2 and Wnt/β-Catenin signalling elicit such a diversity of biological outcomes are poorly understood. Here, we study the function of zebrafish tcf7l2alternative splice variants and show that only variants that include exon five or an analogous human tcf7l2 variant can effectively provide compensatory repressor function to restore eye formation in embryos lacking tcf7l1a/tcf7l1b function. Knockdown of exon five specific tcf7l2 variants in tcf7l1a mutants also compromises eye formation, and these variants can effectively repress Wnt pathway activity in reporter assays using Wnt target gene promoters. We show that the repressive activities of exon5-coded variants are likely explained by their interaction with Tle co-repressors. Furthermore, phosphorylated residues in Tcf7l2 coded exon5 facilitate repressor activity. Our studies suggest that developmentally regulated splicing of tcf7l2 can influence the transcriptional output of the Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo M Young
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kenneth B Ewan
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Miguel L Allende
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | | | - Trevor C Dale
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Stephen W Wilson
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUCLLondonUnited Kingdom
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19
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Tsugawa H, Kato C, Mori H, Matsuzaki J, Kameyama K, Saya H, Hatakeyama M, Suematsu M, Suzuki H. Cancer Stem-Cell Marker CD44v9-Positive Cells Arise From Helicobacter pylori-Infected CAPZA1-Overexpressing Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:319-334. [PMID: 31146068 PMCID: PMC6713896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9)-positive cancer stem-like cells strongly contribute to the development and recurrence of gastric cancer. However, the origin of CD44v9-positive cells is uncertain. METHODS CD44v9, β-catenin, and epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 signals were assessed by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot analysis, or immunofluorescence microscopy. Capping actin protein of muscle Z-line α subunit 1 (CAPZA1) expression was assessed by immunoblot analysis or immunohistochemical analysis of Mongolian gerbils' gastric mucosa or human biopsy specimens. Levels of oxidative stress were assessed by measuring malondialdehyde and protein carbonylation. Histone H3 acetylation levels in the CAPZA1 proximal promoter region were measured by using chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis with an antibody against the acetylated histone H3 in human gastric carcinoma cell line (AGS) cells. RESULTS CD44v9 is expressed in CAPZA1-overexpressing cells in human gastric cancer tissues. CAPZA1 overexpression enhanced expression of β-catenin, which is a transcription factor for CD44, and epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1, which increases alternative splicing of CD44 to generate CD44v9. CAPZA1-overexpressing cells after cytotoxin-associated gene A accumulation showed CD44v9 expression by inducing nuclear accumulation of β-catenin, concomitant with the enhancement of expression of Sal-like protein 4 and Krüppel-like factor 5, which encode reprogramming factors. Oxidative stress increased the CAPZA1 expression in AGS cells through the enhancement of histone H3 acetylation of CAPZA1 promoter. CAPZA1 expression was increased depending on oxidative stress in H pylori-infected gastric mucosa. CONCLUSIONS CD44v9 expression is evoked from CAPZA1-overexpressing cells after accumulation of cytotoxin-associated gene A. Our findings provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying the development of CD44v9-positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Tsugawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kato
- Medical Education Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Mori
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juntaro Matsuzaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Kameyama
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Hatakeyama
- Division of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Hidekazu Suzuki, MD, PhD, FACG, AGAF, RFF, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan. fax: +81(463)93-7134.
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20
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Athauda A, Segelov E, Ali Z, Chau I. Integrative molecular analysis of colorectal cancer and gastric cancer: What have we learnt? Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 73:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Brown BA, Connolly GM, Mill CEJ, Williams H, Angelini GD, Johnson JL, George SJ. Aging differentially modulates the Wnt pro-survival signalling pathways in vascular smooth muscle cells. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12844. [PMID: 30548452 PMCID: PMC6351844 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported pro-survival effects of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Wnt5a achieved this through induction of Wnt1-inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP-1) consequent to β-catenin/CREB-dependent, TCF-independent, signalling. However, we found that as atherosclerosis advances, although Wnt5a protein was increased, WISP-1 was reduced. We hypothesized this disconnect could be due to aging. In this study, we elucidate the mechanism underlying Wnt3a pro-survival signalling and demonstrate the differential effect of age on Wnt3a- and Wnt5a-mediated survival. We show Wnt3a protein was expressed in human atherosclerotic coronary arteries and co-located with macrophages and VSMCs. Meanwhile, Wnt3a stimulation of primary mouse VSMCs increased β-catenin nuclear translocation and TCF, but not CREB, activation. Wnt3a increased mRNA expression of the pro-survival factor WISP-2 in a TCF-dependent manner. Functionally, β-catenin/TCF inhibition or WISP-2 neutralization significantly impaired Wnt3a-mediated VSMC survival. WISP-2 was upregulated in human atherosclerosis and partly co-localized with Wnt3a. The pro-survival action of Wnt3a was effective in VSMCs from young (2 month) and old (18-20 month) mice, whereas Wnt5a-mediated rescue was impaired with age. Further investigation revealed that although Wnt5a induced β-catenin nuclear translocation in VSMCs from both ages, CREB phosphorylation and WISP-1 upregulation did not occur in old VSMCs. Unlike Wnt5a, pro-survival Wnt3a signalling involves β-catenin/TCF and WISP-2. While Wnt3a-mediated survival was unchanged with age, Wnt5a-mediated survival was lost due to impaired CREB activation and WISP-1 regulation. Greater understanding of the effect of age on Wnt signalling may identify targets to promote VSMC survival in elderly patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan A. Brown
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Georgia M. Connolly
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Carina E. J. Mill
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Helen Williams
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Gianni D. Angelini
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Jason L. Johnson
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
| | - Sarah J. George
- Bristol Medical School University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol UK
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22
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Bloom MJ, Saksena SD, Swain GP, Behar MS, Yankeelov TE, Sorace AG. The effects of IKK-beta inhibition on early NF-kappa-B activation and transcription of downstream genes. Cell Signal 2018; 55:17-25. [PMID: 30543861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule approaches targeting the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway, a regulator of inflammation, have thus far proven unsuccessful in the clinic in part due to the complex pleiotropic nature of this network. Downstream effects depend on multiple factors including stimulus-specific temporal patterns of NF-kB activity. Despite considerable advances, genome-level impact of changes in temporal NF-kB activity caused by inhibitors and their stimulus dependency remains unexplored. This study evaluates the effects of pathway inhibitors on early NF-κB activity and downstream gene transcription. 3T3 fibroblasts were treated with SC-514, an inhibitor targeted to the NF-kB pathway, prior to stimulation with interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Stimulus induced NF-κB activation was quantified using immunofluorescence imaging over 90-minutes and gene expression tracked over 6-hours using mRNA TagSeq. When stimulated with IL-1β or TNF-α, significant differences (P < 0.05, two-way ANOVA), were observed in the temporal profiles of NF-κB activation between treated and untreated cells. Increasing numbers of differentially expressed genes (P < 0.01) were observed at higher inhibitor concentrations. Individual gene expression profiles varied in an inhibitor concentration and stimulus-dependent manner. The results in this study demonstrate small molecule inhibitors acting on pleiotropic pathway components can alter signal dynamics in a stimulus-dependent manner and affect gene response in complex ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan J Bloom
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Sachit D Saksena
- Computational and Systems Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - George P Swain
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Marcelo S Behar
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Oncology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Anna G Sorace
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Oncology, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
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23
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Zhang P, Schaefer-Klein J, Cheville JC, Vasmatzis G, Kovtun IV. Frequently rearranged and overexpressed δ-catenin is responsible for low sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to androgen receptor and β-catenin antagonists. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24428-24442. [PMID: 29849951 PMCID: PMC5966253 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of prostate cancer (PCa) progression towards the hormone refractory state remains poorly understood. Treatment options for such patients are limited and present a major clinical challenge. Previously, δ-catenin was reported to promote PCa cell growth in vitro and its increased level is associated with PCa progression in vivo. In this study we show that re-arrangements at Catenin Delta 2 (CTNND2) locus, including gene duplications, are very common in clinically significant PCa and may underlie δ-catenin overexpression. We find that δ-catenin in PCa cells exists in a complex with E-cadherin, p120, and α- and β-catenin. Increased expression of δ-catenin leads to its further stabilization as well as upregulation and stabilization of its binding partners. Resistant to degradation and overexpressed δ-catenin isoform activates Wnt signaling pathway by increasing the level of nuclear β-catenin and subsequent stimulation of Tcf/Lef transcription targets. Evaluation of responses to treatments, with androgen receptor (AR) antagonist and β-catenin inhibitors revealed that cells with high levels of δ-catenin are more resistant to killing with single agent treatment than matched control cells. We show that combination treatment targeting both AR and β-catenin networks is more effective in suppressing tumor growth than targeting a single network. In conclusion, targeting clinically significant PCa with high levels of δ–catenin with anti-androgen and anti β-catenin combination therapy may prevent progression of the disease to a castration-resistant state and, thus, represents a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyan Zhang
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - John C Cheville
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - George Vasmatzis
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Molecular Medicine and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Irina V Kovtun
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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24
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Identification of a new class of WNT1 inhibitor: Cancer cells migration, G-quadruplex stabilization and target validation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67986-68001. [PMID: 27626678 PMCID: PMC5356533 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing the Wnt pathway inhibitors has been considered as a therapeutic approach for cancers and other Wnt-related diseases. Previously we found that the G-rich sequence of WNT1 promoter is capable of forming G-quadruplex structure and stabilizing agents for Wnt1-mediated signaling pathway. Using a established cell-based drug screen system that enabled the evaluation of WNT1 expression activity in a G-quadruplex structure dependent manner, we evaluated a series of 6-substituted 9-chloro-11H-indeno[1,2-c]quinolin-11-one derivatives that potentially inhibit the Wnt1-mediated signaling pathway. The most potent compound SJ26 showed repression of WNT1 activity in a G-quadruplex structure-dependent manner. Moreover, compound SJ26 inhibited the WNT1-mediated downstream signaling pathway and suppressed migration activity of cancer cells. Thus, we have identified a tetracyclic azafluorenone, SJ26, that is capable of binding to G-quadruplex DNA structure, repressing WNT1 expression, and inhibiting cell migration.
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25
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Taipaleenmäki H, Farina NH, van Wijnen AJ, Stein JL, Hesse E, Stein GS, Lian JB. Antagonizing miR-218-5p attenuates Wnt signaling and reduces metastatic bone disease of triple negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79032-79046. [PMID: 27738322 PMCID: PMC5346696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is implicated in bone formation and activated in breast cancer cells promoting primary and metastatic tumor growth. A compelling question is whether osteogenic miRNAs that increase Wnt activity for bone formation are aberrantly expressed in breast tumor cells to support metastatic bone disease. Here we report that miR-218-5p is highly expressed in bone metastases from breast cancer patients, but is not detected in normal mammary epithelial cells. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-218-5p impaired the growth of bone metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells in the bone microenvironment in vivo. These findings indicate a positive role for miR-218-5p in bone metastasis. Bioinformatic and biochemical analyses revealed a positive correlation between aberrant miR-218-5p expression and activation of Wnt signaling in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, miR-218-5p targets the Wnt inhibitors Sclerostin (SOST) and sFRP-2, which highly enhances Wnt signaling. In contrast, delivery of antimiR-218-5p decreased Wnt activity and the expression of metastasis-related genes, including bone sialoprotein (BSP/IBSP), osteopontin (OPN/SPP1) and CXCR-4, implicating a Wnt/miR-218-5p regulatory network in bone metastatic breast cancer. Furthermore, miR-218-5p also mediates the Wnt-dependent up-regulation of PTHrP, a key cytokine promoting cancer-induced osteolysis. Antagonizing miR-218-5p reduced the expression of PTHrP and Rankl, inhibited osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo, and prevented the development of osteolytic lesions in a preclinical metastasis model. We conclude that pathological elevation of miR-218-5p in breast cancer cells activates Wnt signaling to enhance metastatic properties of breast cancer cells and cancer-induced osteolytic disease, suggesting that miR-218-5p could be an attractive therapeutic target for preventing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Taipaleenmäki
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Heisenberg-Group for Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicholas H Farina
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Janet L Stein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Eric Hesse
- Heisenberg-Group for Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jane B Lian
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
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26
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Lyou Y, Habowski AN, Chen GT, Waterman ML. Inhibition of nuclear Wnt signalling: challenges of an elusive target for cancer therapy. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4589-4599. [PMID: 28752891 PMCID: PMC5727325 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved Wnt signalling pathway plays an important role in embryonic development and disease pathogenesis, most notably cancer. The 'canonical' or β-catenin-dependent Wnt signal initiates at the cell plasma membrane with the binding of Wnt proteins to Frizzled:LRP5/LRP6 receptor complexes and is mediated by the translocation of the transcription co-activator protein, β-catenin, into the nucleus. β-Catenin then forms a complex with T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (LEF) transcription factors to regulate multiple gene programmes. These programmes play roles in cell proliferation, migration, vasculogenesis, survival and metabolism. Mutations in Wnt signalling pathway components lead to constitutively active Wnt signalling that drives aberrant expression of these programmes and development of cancer. It has been a longstanding and challenging goal to develop therapies that can interfere with the TCF/LEF-β-catenin transcriptional complex. This review will focus on the (i) structural considerations for targeting the TCF/LEF-β-catenin and co-regulatory complexes in the nucleus, (ii) current molecules that directly target TCF/LEF-β-catenin activity and (iii) ideas for targeting newly discovered components of the TCF/LEF-β-catenin complex and/or downstream gene programmes regulated by these complexes. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Lyou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology OncologyUniversity of California Irvine Medical CenterOrangeCAUSA
| | - Amber N Habowski
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - George T Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Marian L Waterman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
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27
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Che D, Zhang S, Jing Z, Shang L, Jin S, Liu F, Shen J, Li Y, Hu J, Meng Q, Yu Y. Macrophages induce EMT to promote invasion of lung cancer cells through the IL-6-mediated COX-2/PGE 2/β-catenin signalling pathway. Mol Immunol 2017; 90:197-210. [PMID: 28837884 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Infiltration of macrophages plays a critical role in the connection between inflammation and cancer invasion; however, the molecular mechanism that enables this crosstalk remains unclear. This paper investigates a molecular link between infiltration of macrophages and metastasis of lung cancer cells. In this study, the macrophage density and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein were examined in surgical specimens by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were determined in the blood of 30 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We demonstrated that macrophage infiltration was significantly associated with elevated tumour COX-2 expression and serum PGE2 levels in NSCLC patients. Interestingly, the COX-2 and PGE2 levels as well as macrophages were poor predictors of NSCLC patient survival. THP-1-derived macrophages were co-cultured in vitro with A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells. In the co-culture process, interleukin-6 (IL-6) induced the COX-2/PGE2 pathway in lung cancer cells, which subsequently promoted β-catenin translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, resulting in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lung cancer cell invasion. Our findings show that the IL-6-dependent COX-2/PGE2 pathway induces EMT to promote invasion of tumour cells through β-catenin activation during the interaction between macrophages and lung cancer cells, which suggests that inhibition of COX-2/PGE2 or macrophages has the potential to suppress metastasis of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehai Che
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Zihan Jing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Lihua Shang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Shi Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China.
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Haping Road 150 of Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, PR China.
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Rodriguez-Blanco J, Pednekar L, Penas C, Li B, Martin V, Long J, Lee E, Weiss WA, Rodriguez C, Mehrdad N, Nguyen DM, Ayad NG, Rai P, Capobianco AJ, Robbins DJ. Inhibition of WNT signaling attenuates self-renewal of SHH-subgroup medulloblastoma. Oncogene 2017; 36:6306-6314. [PMID: 28714964 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The SMOOTHENED inhibitor vismodegib is FDA approved for advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and shows promise in clinical trials for SONIC HEDGEHOG (SHH)-subgroup medulloblastoma (MB) patients. Clinical experience with BCC patients shows that continuous exposure to vismodegib is necessary to prevent tumor recurrence, suggesting the existence of a vismodegib-resistant reservoir of tumor-propagating cells. We isolated such tumor-propagating cells from a mouse model of SHH-subgroup MB and grew them as sphere cultures. These cultures were enriched for the MB progenitor marker SOX2 and formed tumors in vivo. Moreover, while their ability to self-renew was resistant to SHH inhibitors, as has been previously suggested, this self-renewal was instead WNT-dependent. We show here that loss of Trp53 activates canonical WNT signaling in these SOX2-enriched cultures. Importantly, a small molecule WNT inhibitor was able to reduce the propagation and growth of SHH-subgroup MB in vivo, in an on-target manner, leading to increased survival. Our results imply that the tumor-propagating cells driving the growth of bulk SHH-dependent MB are themselves WNT dependent. Further, our data suggest combination therapy with WNT and SHH inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy in patients with SHH-subgroup MB, in order to decrease the tumor recurrence commonly observed in patients treated with vismodegib.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rodriguez-Blanco
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - L Pednekar
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C Penas
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - B Li
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - V Martin
- Morphology and Cell Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - J Long
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - E Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - W A Weiss
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Rodriguez
- Morphology and Cell Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - N Mehrdad
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - D M Nguyen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - N G Ayad
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - P Rai
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A J Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - D J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Bae SJ, Min YK, Hwang ES. Potent osteogenic activity of a novel imidazobenzimidazole derivative, IBIP. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:409-414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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30
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Stemper J, Isaac K, Ghosh N, Lauwick H, Le Duc G, Retailleau P, Voituriez A, Betzer JF, Marinetti A. Silyl-Substituted Planar Chiral Phosphoric Acids with Ferrocene-bridged Paracyclophane Frameworks: Synthesis, Characterization, and Uses in Enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Stemper
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Kévin Isaac
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Nayan Ghosh
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Hortense Lauwick
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Gaëtan Le Duc
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Arnaud Voituriez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Jean-François Betzer
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Angela Marinetti
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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31
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Clarke PA, Ortiz-Ruiz MJ, TePoele R, Adeniji-Popoola O, Box G, Court W, Czasch S, El Bawab S, Esdar C, Ewan K, Gowan S, De Haven Brandon A, Hewitt P, Hobbs SM, Kaufmann W, Mallinger A, Raynaud F, Roe T, Rohdich F, Schiemann K, Simon S, Schneider R, Valenti M, Weigt S, Blagg J, Blaukat A, Dale TC, Eccles SA, Hecht S, Urbahns K, Workman P, Wienke D. Assessing the mechanism and therapeutic potential of modulators of the human Mediator complex-associated protein kinases. eLife 2016; 5:e20722. [PMID: 27935476 PMCID: PMC5224920 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediator-associated kinases CDK8/19 are context-dependent drivers or suppressors of tumorigenesis. Their inhibition is predicted to have pleiotropic effects, but it is unclear whether this will impact on the clinical utility of CDK8/19 inhibitors. We discovered two series of potent chemical probes with high selectivity for CDK8/19. Despite pharmacodynamic evidence for robust on-target activity, the compounds exhibited modest, though significant, efficacy against human tumor lines and patient-derived xenografts. Altered gene expression was consistent with CDK8/19 inhibition, including profiles associated with super-enhancers, immune and inflammatory responses and stem cell function. In a mouse model expressing oncogenic beta-catenin, treatment shifted cells within hyperplastic intestinal crypts from a stem cell to a transit amplifying phenotype. In two species, neither probe was tolerated at therapeutically-relevant exposures. The complex nature of the toxicity observed with two structurally-differentiated chemical series is consistent with on-target effects posing significant challenges to the clinical development of CDK8/19 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Clarke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria-Jesus Ortiz-Ruiz
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert TePoele
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olajumoke Adeniji-Popoola
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Box
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Will Court
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Ken Ewan
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Gowan
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexis De Haven Brandon
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephen M Hobbs
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aurélie Mallinger
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florence Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Roe
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Melanie Valenti
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Julian Blagg
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Trevor C Dale
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne A Eccles
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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32
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Czodrowski P, Mallinger A, Wienke D, Esdar C, Pöschke O, Busch M, Rohdich F, Eccles SA, Ortiz-Ruiz MJ, Schneider R, Raynaud FI, Clarke PA, Musil D, Schwarz D, Dale T, Urbahns K, Blagg J, Schiemann K. Structure-Based Optimization of Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable CDK8 Inhibitors Discovered by High-Throughput Screening. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9337-9349. [PMID: 27490956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mediator complex-associated cyclin dependent kinase CDK8 regulates β-catenin-dependent transcription following activation of WNT signaling. Multiple lines of evidence suggest CDK8 may act as an oncogene in the development of colorectal cancer. Here we describe the successful optimization of an imidazo-thiadiazole series of CDK8 inhibitors that was identified in a high-throughput screening campaign and further progressed by structure-based design. In several optimization cycles, we improved the microsomal stability, potency, and kinase selectivity. The initial imidazo-thiadiazole scaffold was replaced by a 3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridine which resulted in compound 25 (MSC2530818) that displayed excellent kinase selectivity, biochemical and cellular potency, microsomal stability, and is orally bioavailable. Furthermore, we demonstrated modulation of phospho-STAT1, a pharmacodynamic biomarker of CDK8 activity, and tumor growth inhibition in an APC mutant SW620 human colorectal carcinoma xenograft model after oral administration. Compound 25 demonstrated suitable potency and selectivity to progress into preclinical in vivo efficacy and safety studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Czodrowski
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Aurélie Mallinger
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research , London, SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Dirk Wienke
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Christina Esdar
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Oliver Pöschke
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Michael Busch
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Felix Rohdich
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Suzanne A Eccles
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research , London, SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Maria-Jesus Ortiz-Ruiz
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research , London, SW7 3RP, U.K
| | | | - Florence I Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research , London, SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Paul A Clarke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research , London, SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Djordje Musil
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Daniel Schwarz
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Trevor Dale
- School of Bioscience, Cardiff University , Cardiff, CF10 3AX, U.K
| | - Klaus Urbahns
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Julian Blagg
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research , London, SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Kai Schiemann
- Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
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Preclinical validation of the small molecule drug quininib as a novel therapeutic for colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34523. [PMID: 27739445 PMCID: PMC5064353 DOI: 10.1038/srep34523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths. Molecularly targeted therapies (e.g. bevacizumab) have improved survival rates but drug resistance ultimately develops and newer therapies are required. We identified quininib as a small molecule drug with anti-angiogenic activity using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo screening models. Quininib (2-[(E)-2-(Quinolin-2-yl) vinyl] phenol), is a small molecule drug (molecular weight 283.75 g/mol), which significantly inhibited blood vessel development in zebrafish embryos (p < 0.001). In vitro, quininib reduced endothelial tubule formation (p < 0.001), cell migration was unaffected by quininib and cell survival was reduced by quininib (p < 0.001). Using ex vivo human CRC explants, quininib significantly reduced the secretions of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, ENA-78, GRO-α, TNF, IL-1β and MCP-1 ex vivo (all values p < 0.01). Quininib is well tolerated in mice when administered at 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally every 3 days and significantly reduced tumour growth of HT-29-luc2 CRC tumour xenografts compared to vehicle control. In addition, quininib reduced the signal from a αvβ3 integrin fluorescence probe in tumours 10 days after treatment initiation, indicative of angiogenic inhibition. Furthermore, quininib reduced the expression of angiogenic genes in xenografted tumours. Collectively, these findings support further development of quininib as a novel therapeutic agent for CRC.
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Lu B, Green BA, Farr JM, Lopes FCM, Van Raay TJ. Wnt Drug Discovery: Weaving Through the Screens, Patents and Clinical Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8090082. [PMID: 27598201 PMCID: PMC5040984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8090082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway is intricately involved in many aspects of development and is the root cause of an increasing number of diseases. For example, colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death in the industrialized world and aberration of Wnt signaling within the colonic stem cell is the cause of more than 90% of these cancers. Despite our advances in successfully targeting other pathways, such as Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2), there are no clinically relevant therapies available for Wnt-related diseases. Here, we investigated where research activities are focused with respect to Wnt signaling modulators by searching the United States Patent and Trade Office (USPTO) for patents and patent applications related to Wnt modulators and compared this to clinical trials focusing on Wnt modulation. We found that while the transition of intellectual property surrounding the Wnt ligand-receptor interface to clinical trials is robust, this is not true for specific inhibitors of β-catenin, which is constitutively active in many cancers. Considering the ubiquitous use of the synthetic T-cell Factor/Lymphoid Enhancer Factor (TCF/Lef) reporter system and its success in identifying novel modulators in vitro, we speculate that this model of drug discovery does not capture the complexity of in vivo Wnt signaling that may be required if we are to successfully target the Wnt pathway in the clinic. Notwithstanding, increasingly more complex models are being developed, which may not be high throughput, but more pragmatic in our pursuit to control Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Brooke A Green
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Jacqueline M Farr
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Flávia C M Lopes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Terence J Van Raay
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Park JW, Park JM, Park DM, Kim DY, Kim HK. Stem Cells Antigen-1 Enriches for a Cancer Stem Cell-Like Subpopulation in Mouse Gastric Cancer. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1177-87. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Won Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Park
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hark Kyun Kim
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics, Division of Precision Medicine and Cancer Informatics; National Cancer Center; Goyang Gyeonggi Republic of Korea
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36
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Schiemann K, Mallinger A, Wienke D, Esdar C, Poeschke O, Busch M, Rohdich F, Eccles SA, Schneider R, Raynaud FI, Czodrowski P, Musil D, Schwarz D, Urbahns K, Blagg J. Discovery of potent and selective CDK8 inhibitors from an HSP90 pharmacophore. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1443-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Käfer R, Usanova S, Montermann E, Loquai C, Reske-Kunz AB, Bros M. Inhibitors of β-catenin affect the immuno-phenotype and functions of dendritic cells in an inhibitor-specific manner. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 32:118-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Freeman J, Smith D, Latinkic B, Ewan K, Samuel L, Zollo M, Marino N, Tyas L, Jones N, Dale TC. A functional connectome: regulation of Wnt/TCF-dependent transcription by pairs of pathway activators. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:206. [PMID: 26643252 PMCID: PMC4672529 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0475-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt/β-catenin signaling is often portrayed as a simple pathway that is initiated by Wnt ligand at the cell surface leading, via linear series of interactions between 'core pathway' members, to the induction of nuclear transcription from genes flanked by β-catenin/TCF transcription factor binding sites. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is also regulated by a much larger set of 'non-core regulators'. However the relationship between 'non-core regulators' is currently not well understood. Aberrant activation of the pathway has been shown to drive tumorgenesis in a number of different tissues. METHODS Mammalian cells engineered to have a partially-active level of Wnt/β-catenin signaling were screened by transfection for proteins that up or down-regulated a mid-level of TCF-dependent transcription induced by transient expression of an activated LRP6 Wnt co-receptor (∆NLRP). RESULTS 141 novel regulators of TCF-dependent transcription were identified. Surprisingly, when tested without ∆NLRP activation, most up-regulators failed to alter TCF-dependent transcription. However, when expressed in pairs, 27 % (466/1170) functionally interacted to alter levels of TCF-dependent transcription. When proteins were displayed as nodes connected by their ability to co-operate in the regulation of TCF-dependent transcription, a network of functional interactions was revealed. In this network, 'core pathway' components (Eg. β-catenin, GSK-3, Dsh) were found to be the most highly connected nodes. Activation of different nodes in this network impacted on the sensitivity to Wnt pathway small molecule antagonists. CONCLUSIONS The 'functional connectome' identified here strongly supports an alternative model of the Wnt pathway as a complex context-dependent network. The network further suggests that mutational activation of highly connected Wnt signaling nodes predisposed cells to further context-dependent alterations in levels of TCF-dependent transcription that may be important during tumor progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Freeman
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - David Smith
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Branko Latinkic
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Ken Ewan
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Lee Samuel
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Massimo Zollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology and Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Natascia Marino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology and Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologia Avanzate, Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorraine Tyas
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Nick Jones
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Trevor C Dale
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, Wales, UK.
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Palma S, Zwenger AO, Croce MV, Abba MC, Lacunza E. From Molecular Biology to Clinical Trials: Toward Personalized Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2015; 15:104-15. [PMID: 26777471 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
During the past years, molecular studies through high-throughput technologies have led to the confirmation of critical alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the discovery of some new ones, including mutations, DNA methylations, and structural chromosomal changes. These genomic alterations might act in concert to dysregulate specific signaling pathways that normally exert their functions on critical cell phenotypes, including the regulation of cellular metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Targeted therapy against key components of altered signaling pathways has allowed an improvement in CRC treatment. However, a significant percentage of patients with CRC and metastatic CRC will not benefit from these targeted therapies and will be restricted to systemic chemotherapy. Mechanisms of resistance have been associated with specific gene alterations. To fully understand the nature and significance of the genetic and epigenetic defects in CRC that might favor a tumor evading a given therapy, much work remains. Therefore, a dynamic link between basic molecular research and preclinical studies, which ultimately constitute the prelude to standardized therapies, is very important to provide better and more effective treatments against CRC. We present an updated revision of the main molecular features of CRC and their associated therapies currently under study in clinical trials. Moreover, we performed an unsupervised classification of CRC clinical trials with the aim of obtaining an overview of the future perspectives of preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Palma
- CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ariel O Zwenger
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Provincial Neuquén, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - María V Croce
- CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martín C Abba
- CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Lacunza
- CINIBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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LIU BO, WU SONG, HAN LIHUA, ZHANG CHAOYUE. β-catenin signaling induces the osteoblastogenic differentiation of human pre-osteoblastic and bone marrow stromal cells mainly through the upregulation of osterix expression. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1572-82. [PMID: 26496941 PMCID: PMC4678161 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Both β-catenin (β-cat) and osterix (OSX) are known to be essential for embryonic and postnatal osteoblast differentiation and bone growth. In the present study, we explored the crosstalk between β-cat signaling and OSX, and assessed its effect on the osteoblastogenic differentiation of human pre-osteoblastic cells (MG-63) and bone marrow stromal cells (HS-27A). In the HS-27A and MG-63 cells, the selective β-cat signaling inhibitor, CCT031374, and the stable overexpression of a constitutively active β-cat mutant respectively decreased and increased the cytoplasmic/soluble β-cat levels, and respectively decreased and increased TOPflash reporter activity, the mRNA levels of β-cat signaling target genes c-Myc and c-Jun, as well as the mRNA and protein expression levels of OSX. Mutational analyses and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that the increased binding activity of c-Jun at a putative c-Jun binding site (-858/-852 relative to the translation start codon, which was designated as +1) in the human OSX gene promoter was required for teh β-cat signaling-induced expression of OSX in the HS-27A and MG-63 cells. During osteoblastogenic culture, stimulating β-cat signaling activity by the stable overexpression of the active β-cat mutant markedly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition in the HS-27A and MG-63 cells, which was abolished by knocking down OSX using shRNA. On the other hand, the inhibition of β-cat signaling activity with CCT031374 decreased the ALP activity and calcium deposition, which was completely reversed by the overexpression of OSX. On the whole, the findings of our study suggest that β-cat signaling upregulates the expression of OSX in human pre-osteoblastic and bone marrow stromal cells by trans-activating the OSX gene promoter mainly through increased c-Jun binding at a putative c-Jun binding site; OSX largely mediates β-cat signaling-induced osteoblastogenic differentiation. The present study provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- BO LIU
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - SONG WU
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - LIHUA HAN
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - CHAOYUE ZHANG
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Regmi SC, Park SY, Kim SJ, Banskota S, Shah S, Kim DH, Kim JA. The Anti-Tumor Activity of Succinyl Macrolactin A Is Mediated through the β-Catenin Destruction Complex via the Suppression of Tankyrase and PI3K/Akt. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141753. [PMID: 26544726 PMCID: PMC4636297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated gene mutations in cancer suggest that multi-targeted suppression of affected signaling networks is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In the present study, we report that 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A (SMA) suppresses tumor growth by stabilizing the β-catenin destruction complex, which was achieved through inhibition of regulatory components associated with the complex. SMA significantly reduced the activities of PI3K/Akt, which corresponded with a decrease in GSK3β phosphorylation, an increase in β-catenin phosphorylation, and a reduction in nuclear β-catenin content in HT29 human colon cancer cells. At the same time, the activity of tankyrase, which inhibits the β-catenin destruction complex by destabilizing the axin level, was suppressed by SMA. Despite the low potency of SMA against tankyrase activity (IC50 of 50.1 μM and 15.5 μM for tankyrase 1 and 2, respectively) compared to XAV939 (IC50 of 11 nM for tankyrase 1), a selective and potent tankyrase inhibitor, SMA had strong inhibitory effects on β-catenin-dependent TCF/LEF1 transcriptional activity (IC50 of 39.8 nM), which were similar to that of XAV939 (IC50 of 28.1 nM). In addition to suppressing the colony forming ability of colon cancer cells in vitro, SMA significantly inhibited tumor growth in CT26 syngenic and HT29 xenograft mouse tumor models. Furthermore, treating mice with SMA in combination with 5-FU in a colon cancer xenograft model or with cisplatin in an A549 lung cancer xenograft model resulted in greater anti-tumor activity than did treatment with the drugs alone. In the xenograft tumor tissues, SMA dose-dependently inhibited nuclear β-catenin along with reductions in GSK3β phosphorylation and increases in axin levels. These results suggest that SMA is a possible candidate as an effective anti-cancer agent alone or in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs, such as 5-FU and cisplatin, and that the mode of action for SMA involves stabilization of the β-catenin destruction complex through inhibition of tankyrase and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil C Regmi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Young Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhrid Banskota
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajita Shah
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Kim
- Research and Development Center, Daewoo Pharm. Co. Ltd, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Guthrie ML, Sidhu PS, Hill EK, Horan TC, Nandhikonda P, Teske KA, Yuan NY, Sidorko M, Rodali R, Cook JM, Han L, Silvaggi NR, Bikle DD, Moore RG, Singh RK, Arnold LA. Antitumor Activity of 3-Indolylmethanamines 31B and PS121912. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:6001-6007. [PMID: 26504023 PMCID: PMC4633305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the in vivo effects of 3-indolylmethanamines 31B and PS121912 in treating ovarian cancer and leukemia, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and western blotting were applied to demonstrate the induction of apoptosis. Xenografted mice were investigated to show the antitumor effects of 3-indolylmethanamines. (13)C-Nuclear magnetic resource (NMR) and western blotting were used to demonstrate inhibition of glucose metabolism. RESULTS 31B inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation and activated caspase-3, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), and phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), JUN N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) and p38. 31B reduced ovarian cancer xenograft tumor growth and PS121912 inhibited the growth of HL-60-derived xenografts without any sign of toxicity. Compound 31B inhibited de novo glycolysis and lipogenesis mediated by the reduction of fatty acid synthase and lactate dehydrogenase-A expression. CONCLUSION 3-Indolylmethanamines represent a new class of antitumor agents. We have shown for the first time the in vivo anticancer effects of 3-indolylmethanamines 31B and PS121912.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Guthrie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Preetpal S Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Emily K Hill
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Women and Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - Timothy C Horan
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Women and Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - Premchendar Nandhikonda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Kelly A Teske
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Nina Y Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Marina Sidorko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Revathi Rodali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - James M Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Lanlan Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Nicholas R Silvaggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A
| | - Daniel D Bikle
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A
| | - Richard G Moore
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Women and Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Program in Women's Oncology, Women and Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - Leggy A Arnold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A. Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A.
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Barghout SH, Zepeda N, Xu Z, Steed H, Lee CH, Fu Y. Elevated β-catenin activity contributes to carboplatin resistance in A2780cp ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:173-8. [PMID: 26522223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortalities in women. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) represents approximately 90% of all ovarian malignancies. Most EOC patients are diagnosed at advanced stages and current chemotherapy regimens are ineffective against advanced EOC due to the development of chemoresistance. It is important to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying acquired resistance to effectively manage this disease. In this study, we examined the expression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling components in the paired cisplatin-sensitive (A2780s) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780cp) EOC cell lines. Our results showed that several negative regulators of Wnt signaling are downregulated, whereas a few Wnt ligands and known Wnt/β-catenin target genes are upregulated in A2780cp cells compared to A2780s cells, suggesting that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is more active in A2780cp cells. Further analysis revealed nuclear localization of β-catenin and higher β-catenin transcriptional activity in A2780cp cells compared to A2780s cells. Finally, we demonstrated that chemical inhibition of β-catenin transcriptional activity by its inhibitor CCT036477 sensitized A2780cp cells to carboplatin, supporting a role for β-catenin in carboplatin resistance in A2780cp cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity contributes to carboplatin resistance in A2780cp cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir H Barghout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nubia Zepeda
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zhihua Xu
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Helen Steed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - YangXin Fu
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Vaid M, Singh T, Prasad R, Kappes JC, Katiyar SK. Therapeutic intervention of proanthocyanidins on the migration capacity of melanoma cells is mediated through PGE2 receptors and β-catenin signaling molecules. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:3325-3338. [PMID: 26807314 PMCID: PMC4697680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer and a leading cause of death from skin diseases mainly due to its propensity to metastasis. Due to metastatic tendency, melanoma is often associated with activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling mechanism. Blocking β-catenin activation may be a good strategy to block melanoma-associated mortality. We have shown earlier that grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) inhibit melanoma cell migration via targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression. Here we explored further whether inhibition of inflammatory mediators-mediated activation of β-catenin by GSPs is associated with the inhibition of melanoma cell migration. Our study revealed that PGE2 receptors (EP2 and EP4) agonists promote melanoma cell migration while PGE2 receptor antagonist suppressed the migration capacity of melanoma cells. GSPs treatment inhibit butaprost (EP2 agonist) or Cay10580 (EP4 agonist) induced migration of melanoma cells. Western blot analysis revealed that GSPs reduced cellular accumulation of β-catenin, and decreased the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and MITF, downstream targets of β-catenin in melanoma cells. GSPs also reduced the protein expressions of PI3K and p-Akt in the same set of experiment. To verify that β-catenin is a specific molecular target of GSPs, we compared the effect of GSPs on cell migration of β-catenin-activated (Mel1241) and β-catenin-inactivated (Mel1011) melanoma cells. GSPs inhibit cell migration of Mel1241 cells but not of Mel1011 cells. Additionally, in vivo bioluminescence imaging data indicate that dietary administration of GSPs (0.5%, w/w) in supplementation with AIN76A control diet inhibited the migration/extravasation of intravenously injected melanoma cells in lungs of immune-compromised nude mice, and that this effect of GSPs was associated with an inhibitory effect on the activation of β-catenin and its downstream targets, such as MMPs, in lungs as a target organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudit Vaid
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Tripti Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical CenterBirmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical CenterBirmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - John C Kappes
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical CenterBirmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Santosh K Katiyar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical CenterBirmingham, AL 35233, USA
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Li X, Bai B, Liu L, Ma P, Kong L, Yan J, Zhang J, Ye Z, Zhou H, Mao B, Zhu H, Li Y. Novel β-carbolines against colorectal cancer cell growth via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15033. [PMID: 27551464 PMCID: PMC4979417 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in a variety of cancers, especially in colorectal cancer (CRC), because of mutations in the genes encoding adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), β-catenin and Axin. Small-molecule antagonists of Wnt/β-catenin signaling are attractive candidates for developing effective therapeutics for CRC. In this study, we have identified a novel Wnt signaling inhibitor, isopropyl 9-ethyl-1- (naphthalen-1-yl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3- carboxylate (Z86). Z86 inhibited Wnt reporter activities and the expression of endogenous Wnt signaling target genes in mammalian cells and antagonized the second axis formation of Xenopus embryos induced by Wnt8. We showed that Z86 treatment inhibits GSK3β (Ser9) phosphorylation, leading to its overactivation and promoting the phosphorylation and degradation of β-catenin. In vitro, Z86 selectively inhibited the growth of CRC cells with constitutive Wnt signaling and caused obvious G1-phase arrest of the cell cycle. Notably, in a nude mouse model, Z86 inhibited dramatically the xenografted tumor growth of CRC. Daily intraperitoneal injection of Z86 at 5 mg/kg resulted in >70% reduction in the tumor weight of HCT116 cell origin that was associated with decreased GSK3β (Ser9) phosphorylation and increased β-catenin phosphorylation. Taken together, our findings provide a novel promising chemotype for CRC therapeutics development targeting the canonical Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - B Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - L Liu
- Chinese Center for Chirality, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of Education Committee of China, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - P Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - L Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - J Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - H Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - B Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - H Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Chirality, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of Education Committee of China, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
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Chen J, Wang C, Lan W, Huang C, Lin M, Wang Z, Liang W, Iwamoto A, Yang X, Liu H. Gliotoxin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:6259-73. [PMID: 26445050 PMCID: PMC4626688 DOI: 10.3390/md13106259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new bioactive compounds from marine natural sources is very important in pharmacological research. Here we developed a Wnt responsive luciferase reporter assay to screen small molecule inhibitors of cancer associated constitutive Wnt signaling pathway. We identified that gliotoxin (GTX) and some of its analogues, the secondary metabolites from marine fungus Neosartorya pseufofischeri, acted as inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, we found that GTX downregulated the β-catenin levels in colorectal cancer cells with inactivating mutations of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) or activating mutations of β-catenin. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GTX induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in multiple colorectal cancer cell lines with mutations of the Wnt signaling pathway. Together, we illustrated a practical approach to identify small-molecule inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway and our study indicated that GTX has therapeutic potential for the prevention or treatment of Wnt dependent cancers and other Wnt related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiong Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chenliang Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenjian Lan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chunying Huang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
| | - Mengmeng Lin
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhongyang Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wanling Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Aikichi Iwamoto
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Xiangling Yang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huanliang Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Human Virology and Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Evason KJ, Francisco MT, Juric V, Balakrishnan S, Lopez Pazmino MDP, Gordan JD, Kakar S, Spitsbergen J, Goga A, Stainier DYR. Identification of Chemical Inhibitors of β-Catenin-Driven Liver Tumorigenesis in Zebrafish. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005305. [PMID: 26134322 PMCID: PMC4489858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal human cancers. The search for targeted treatments has been hampered by the lack of relevant animal models for the genetically diverse subsets of HCC, including the 20-40% of HCCs that are defined by activating mutations in the gene encoding β-catenin. To address this chemotherapeutic challenge, we created and characterized transgenic zebrafish expressing hepatocyte-specific activated β-catenin. By 2 months post fertilization (mpf), 33% of transgenic zebrafish developed HCC in their livers, and 78% and 80% of transgenic zebrafish showed HCC at 6 and 12 mpf, respectively. As expected for a malignant process, transgenic zebrafish showed significantly decreased mean adult survival compared to non-transgenic control siblings. Using this novel transgenic model, we screened for druggable pathways that mediate β-catenin-induced liver growth and identified two c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors and two antidepressants (one tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, and one selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) that suppressed this phenotype. We further found that activated β-catenin was associated with JNK pathway hyperactivation in zebrafish and in human HCC. In zebrafish larvae, JNK inhibition decreased liver size specifically in the presence of activated β-catenin. The β-catenin-specific growth-inhibitory effect of targeting JNK was conserved in human liver cancer cells. Our other class of hits, antidepressants, has been used in patient treatment for decades, raising the exciting possibility that these drugs could potentially be repurposed for cancer treatment. In support of this proposal, we found that amitriptyline decreased tumor burden in a mouse HCC model. Our studies implicate JNK inhibitors and antidepressants as potential therapeutics for β-catenin-induced liver tumors. Liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Genetic analysis of liver cancer has enabled classification of these tumors into subsets with unique genetic, clinical, and prognostic features. The search for targeted liver cancer treatments has been hampered by the lack of relevant animal models for these genetically diverse subsets, including liver cancers that are defined by activating mutations in the gene encoding β-catenin, an integral component of the Wnt signaling pathway. Here we describe the generation and characterization of genetically modified zebrafish expressing hepatocyte-specific activated β-catenin. We used this new zebrafish model to screen for drugs that suppress β-catenin-induced liver growth, and identified two classes of hits, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors and antidepressants, that suppressed this phenotype. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms by which β-catenin promotes liver tumor formation and implicate JNK inhibitors and antidepressants as potential treatments for a subset of human liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley J. Evason
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Programs in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Genetics and Human Genetics, Diabetes Center, Institute for Regeneration Medicine and the Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KJE); (AG); (DYRS)
| | - Macrina T. Francisco
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Vladislava Juric
- The George Williams Hooper Research Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sanjeev Balakrishnan
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Maria del Pilar Lopez Pazmino
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Programs in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Genetics and Human Genetics, Diabetes Center, Institute for Regeneration Medicine and the Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - John D. Gordan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Kakar
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jan Spitsbergen
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Andrei Goga
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KJE); (AG); (DYRS)
| | - Didier Y. R. Stainier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Programs in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Genetics and Human Genetics, Diabetes Center, Institute for Regeneration Medicine and the Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (KJE); (AG); (DYRS)
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48
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Attur M, Yang Q, Shimada K, Tachida Y, Nagase H, Mignatti P, Statman L, Palmer G, Kirsch T, Beier F, Abramson SB. Elevated expression of periostin in human osteoarthritic cartilage and its potential role in matrix degradation via matrix metalloproteinase-13. FASEB J 2015; 29:4107-21. [PMID: 26092928 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-272427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). In OA, dysregulated gene expression and phenotypic changes in articular chondrocytes culminate in progressive loss of cartilage from the joint surface. The molecular mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. We examined periostin expression by immunohistochemical analysis of lesional and nonlesional cartilage from human and rodent OA knee cartilage. In addition, we used small interfering (si)RNA and adenovirus transduction of chondrocytes to knock down and up-regulate periostin levels, respectively, and analyzed its effect on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, a disintegrin and MMP with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, and type II collagen expression. We found high periostin levels in human and rodent OA cartilage. Periostin increased MMP-13 expression dose [1-10 µg/ml (EC50 0.5-1 μg/ml)] and time (24-72 h) dependently, significantly enhanced expression of ADAMTS4 mRNA, and promoted cartilage degeneration through collagen and proteoglycan degradation. Periostin induction of MMP-13 expression was inhibited by CCT031374 hydrobromide, an inhibitor of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous periostin blocked constitutive MMP-13 expression. These findings implicate periostin as a catabolic protein that promotes cartilage degeneration in OA by up-regulating MMP-13 through canonical Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukundan Attur
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qing Yang
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kohei Shimada
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuki Tachida
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hiroyuki Nagase
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paolo Mignatti
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren Statman
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Glyn Palmer
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thorsten Kirsch
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Beier
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven B Abramson
- *Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine and NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Frontier Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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49
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Chiurillo MA. Role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in gastric cancer: An in-depth literature review. World J Exp Med 2015; 5:84-102. [PMID: 25992323 PMCID: PMC4436943 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v5.i2.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide and one of the leading cause for cancer-related deaths. Gastric adenocarcinoma is a multifactorial disease that is genetically, cytologically and architecturally more heterogeneous than other gastrointestinal carcinomas. The aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the development and progression of a significant proportion of gastric cancer cases. This review focuses on the participation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in gastric cancer by offering an analysis of the relevant literature published in this field. Indeed, it is discussed the role of key factors in Wnt/β-catenin signaling and their downstream effectors regulating processes involved in tumor initiation, tumor growth, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Available data indicate that constitutive Wnt signalling resulting from Helicobacter pylori infection and inactivation of Wnt inhibitors (mainly by inactivating mutations and promoter hypermethylation) play an important role in gastric cancer. Moreover, a number of recent studies confirmed CTNNB1 and APC as driver genes in gastric cancer. The identification of specific membrane, intracellular, and extracellular components of the Wnt pathway has revealed potential targets for gastric cancer therapy. High-throughput “omics” approaches will help in the search for Wnt pathway antagonist in the near future.
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50
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Mallinger A, Crumpler S, Pichowicz M, Waalboer D, Stubbs M, Adeniji-Popoola O, Wood B, Smith E, Thai C, Henley AT, Georgi K, Court W, Hobbs S, Box G, Ortiz-Ruiz MJ, Valenti M, De Haven
Brandon A, TePoele R, Leuthner B, Workman P, Aherne W, Poeschke O, Dale T, Wienke D, Esdar C, Rohdich F, Raynaud F, Clarke P, Eccles SA, Stieber F, Schiemann K, Blagg J. Discovery of potent, orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitors of WNT signaling from a cell-based pathway screen. J Med Chem 2015; 58:1717-35. [PMID: 25680029 PMCID: PMC4767141 DOI: 10.1021/jm501436m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
WNT signaling is frequently deregulated in malignancy, particularly in colon cancer, and plays a key role in the generation and maintenance of cancer stem cells. We report the discovery and optimization of a 3,4,5-trisubstituted pyridine 9 using a high-throughput cell-based reporter assay of WNT pathway activity. We demonstrate a twisted conformation about the pyridine-piperidine bond of 9 by small-molecule X-ray crystallography. Medicinal chemistry optimization to maintain this twisted conformation, cognisant of physicochemical properties likely to maintain good cell permeability, led to 74 (CCT251545), a potent small-molecule inhibitor of WNT signaling with good oral pharmacokinetics. We demonstrate inhibition of WNT pathway activity in a solid human tumor xenograft model with evidence for tumor growth inhibition following oral dosing. This work provides a successful example of hypothesis-driven medicinal chemistry optimization from a singleton hit against a cell-based pathway assay without knowledge of the biochemical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Mallinger
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Simon Crumpler
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Mark Pichowicz
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Dennis Waalboer
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Mark Stubbs
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Olajumoke Adeniji-Popoola
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Bozena Wood
- School
of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, U.K.
| | - Elizabeth Smith
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Ching Thai
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Alan T. Henley
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | | | - William Court
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Steve Hobbs
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Gary Box
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Maria-Jesus Ortiz-Ruiz
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Melanie Valenti
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Alexis De Haven
Brandon
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Robert TePoele
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | | | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Wynne Aherne
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | | | - Trevor Dale
- School
of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, U.K.
| | - Dirk Wienke
- Merck KGaA, Merck
Serono, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Florence Raynaud
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Paul
A. Clarke
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Suzanne A. Eccles
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | | | | | - Julian Blagg
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
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