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Duan H, Zhang Y, Qiu H, Fu X, Liu C, Zang X, Xu A, Wu Z, Li X, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Cui F. Machine learning-based prediction model for distant metastasis of breast cancer. Comput Biol Med 2024; 169:107943. [PMID: 38211382 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.107943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in women. Advanced breast cancer can develop distant metastases, posing a severe threat to the life of patients. Because the clinical warning signs of distant metastasis are manifested in the late stage of the disease, there is a need for better methods of predicting metastasis. METHODS First, we screened breast cancer distant metastasis target genes by performing difference analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on the selected datasets, and performed analyses such as GO enrichment analysis on these target genes. Secondly, we screened breast cancer distant metastasis target genes by LASSO regression analysis and performed correlation analysis and other analyses on these biomarkers. Finally, we constructed several breast cancer distant metastasis prediction models based on Logistic Regression (LR) model, Random Forest (RF) model, Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) model and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, and selected the optimal model from them. RESULTS Several 21-gene breast cancer distant metastasis prediction models were constructed, with the best performance of the model constructed based on the random forest model. This model accurately predicted the emergence of distant metastases from breast cancer, with an accuracy of 93.6 %, an F1-score of 88.9 % and an AUC value of 91.3 % on the validation set. CONCLUSION Our findings have the potential to be translated into a point-of-care prognostic analysis to reduce breast cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Duan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Haoye Qiu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiuhao Fu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chunling Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Anqi Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ziyue Wu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xingfeng Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Qingchen Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Feifei Cui
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Srinivas AN, Suresh D, Chidambaram SB, Santhekadur PK, Kumar DP. Apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor-mediated liver damage and inflammation to cancer: Therapeutic intervention by curcumin in experimental metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis-hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:135-151. [PMID: 37942831 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In tandem with the expanding obesity pandemic, the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH, formerly known as NASH)- driven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is predicted to rise globally, creating a significant need for therapeutic interventions. We previously identified the upregulation of apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), which is implicated in facilitating the progression from MASH to HCC. The objective of this study was to examine whether the intervention of curcumin could alleviate AATF-mediated MASH, inhibit tumor growth, and elucidate the underlying mechanism. A preclinical murine model mimicking human MASH-HCC was employed, subjecting mice to either a chow diet normal water (CDNW) or western diet sugar water (WDSW) along with very low dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 - 0.2 μL/g, weekly). Mice receiving curcumin (CUR) alongside WDSW/CCl4 exhibited significant improvements, including reduced liver enzymes, dyslipidemia, steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning. Curcumin treatment also suppressed hepatic expression of inflammatory, fibrogenic, and oncogenic markers. Of note, there was a significant reduction in the expression of AATF upon curcumin treatment in WDSW/CCl4 mice and human HCC cells. In contrast, curcumin upregulated Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in MASH liver and HCC cells, which is known to downregulate sp1 (specificity protein-1) expression. Thus, curcumin treatment effectively inhibited the progression of MASH to HCC by downregulating the expression of AATF via the KLF4-Sp1 signaling pathway. These preclinical findings establish a novel molecular connection between curcumin and AATF in reducing hepatocarcinogenesis, and provide a strong rationale for the development of curcumin as a viable treatment for MASH-HCC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshatha N Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Diwakar Suresh
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Saravana B Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prasanna K Santhekadur
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya P Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR lab, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Li ZY, Zhu YX, Chen JR, Chang X, Xie ZZ. The role of KLF transcription factor in the regulation of cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114661. [PMID: 37068333 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of zinc finger transcription factors that have been found to play an essential role in the development of various human tissues, including epithelial, teeth, and nerves. In addition to regulating normal physiological processes, KLFs have been implicated in promoting the onset of several cancers, such as gastric cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, and colon cancer. To inhibit cancer progression, various existing medicines have been used to modulate the expression of KLFs, and anti-microRNA treatments have also emerged as a potential strategy for many cancers. Investigating the possibility of targeting KLFs in cancer therapy is urgently needed, as the roles of KLFs in cancer have not received enough attention in recent years. This review summarizes the factors that regulate KLF expression and function at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, which could aid in understanding the mechanisms of KLFs in cancer progression. We hope that this review will contribute to the development of more effective anti-cancer medicines targeting KLFs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Li
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhu
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Jian-Rui Chen
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Xu Chang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xie
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Experimental teaching center of Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
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Aziz F, Khan I, Shukla S, Dey DK, Yan Q, Chakraborty A, Yoshitomi H, Hwang SK, Sonwal S, Lee H, Haldorai Y, Xiao J, Huh YS, Bajpai VK, Han YK. Partners in crime: The Lewis Y antigen and fucosyltransferase IV in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107994. [PMID: 34571111 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major causative agent of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric carcinoma. H. pylori cytotoxin associated antigen A (CagA) plays a crucial role in the development of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer is associated with glycosylation alterations in glycoproteins and glycolipids on the cell surface. H. pylori cytotoxin associated antigen A (CagA) plays a significant role in the progression of gastric cancer through post-translation modification of fucosylation to develop gastric cancer. The involvement of a variety of sugar antigens in the progression and development of gastric cancer has been investigated, including type II blood group antigens. Lewis Y (LeY) is overexpressed on the tumor cell surface either as a glycoprotein or glycolipid. LeY is a difucosylated oligosaccharide, which is catalyzed by fucosyltransferases such as FUT4 (α1,3). FUT4/LeY overexpression may serve as potential correlative biomarkers for the prognosis of gastric cancer. We discuss the various aspects of H. pylori in relation to fucosyltransferases (FUT1-FUT9) and its fucosylated Lewis antigens (LeY, LeX, LeA, and LeB) and gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the carcinogenic effect of H. pylori CagA in association with LeY and its synthesis enzyme FUT4 in the development of gastric cancer as well as discuss its importance in the prognosis and its inhibition by combination therapy of anti-LeY antibody and celecoxib through MAPK signaling pathway preventing gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Aziz
- The Hormel Institute-University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, PR China.
| | - Imran Khan
- The Hormel Institute-University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Shruti Shukla
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana 122003, India
| | - Debasish Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, PR China
| | | | - Hisae Yoshitomi
- The Hormel Institute-University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Seung-Kyu Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonam Sonwal
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoomin Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuvaraj Haldorai
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641046, India
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; University of Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
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KCNQ1OT1 regulates the retinoblastoma cell proliferation, migration and SIRT1/JNK signaling pathway by targeting miR-124/SP1 axis. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227390. [PMID: 33345272 PMCID: PMC7805023 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) KCNQ1OT1 was reported to be tightly associated with tumorigenesis and progression of multiple cancers. However, the expression and biological functions of KCNQ1OT1 in retinoblastoma (RB) are still unknown. We aim to elucidate the potential function and underlying mechanism of KCNQ1OT1 in regulating the progression of RB. Methods: The levels of KCNQ1OT1 were assayed by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. The cell proliferation of RB cells (Y79 and WERI-Rb-1) were evaluated through Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assay. Meanwhile, Y79 and WERI-Rb-1 cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by Flow Cytometry analysis. Dual luciferase reporter assay were performed to illustrate the interaction between KCNQ1OT1, miR-124, and SP1. Results: We found that KCNQ1OT1 was up-regulated and miR-124 was down-regulated in RB tissues and cells. Moreover, knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 reduced the proliferation, migration, and cell cycle, as well as promoted cell apoptosis of Y79 and WERI-Rb-1 cells. Western blot analysis consistently proved cell cycle and apoptosis related protein expression levels. More importantly, KCNQ1OT1 was a sponge of microRNA (miR)-124. MiR-124 inhibition strongly reversed the effect on cell proliferation, cycle arrest, and apoptosis by KCNQ1OT1 knockdown mediation. In addition, KCNQ1OT1 regulated expression of SP1, a direct target of miR-124 in RB. On the other hand, miR-124 inhibitor abrogated the active effect of KCNQ1OT1 silencing on silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. The function of KCNQ1OT1 was verified in vivo. Conclusions: These findings implied that KCNQ1OT1 silencing inhibited RB progression and activated SIRT1/JNK signaling pathway partially by modulating the miR-124/SP1 axis.
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Sun D, Ding D, Li Q, Xie M, Xu Y, Liu X. The preventive and therapeutic effects of AAV1-KLF4-shRNA in cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary hypertension. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1238-1251. [PMID: 33342082 PMCID: PMC7812256 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We found previously that KLF4 expression was up-regulated in cultured rat and human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract and in pulmonary artery from rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by CS. Here, we aim to investigate whether CS-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) is prevented and ameliorated by targeted pulmonary vascular gene knockdown of KLF4 via adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV1)-KLF4-shRNA in vivo in rat model. The preventive and therapeutic effects were observed according to the different time-point of AAV1-KLF4-shRNA intratracheal administration. We tested haemodynamic measurements of systemic and pulmonary circulations and observed the degree of pulmonary vascular remodelling. In the preventive experiment, KLF4 expression and some pulmonary circulation hemodynamic measurements such as right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), mean right ventricular pressure (mRVP), peak RV pressure rate of rise (dP/dt max) and right ventricle (RV) contractility index were increased significantly in the CS-induced PH model. While in the prevention group (AAV1-KLF4-shRNA group), RVSP, mRVP, dP/dt max and RV contractility index which are associated with systolic function of right ventricle decreased and the degree of pulmonary vascular remodelling relieved. In the therapeutic experiment, we observed a similar trend. Our findings emphasize the feasibility of sustained pulmonary vascular KLF4 gene knockdown using intratracheal delivery of AAV1 in an animal model of cigarette smoke-induced PH and determined gene transfer of KLF4-shRNA could prevent and ameliorate the progression of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineKey Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health MinistryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - DanDan Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineKey Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health MinistryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qinghai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineKey Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health MinistryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineKey Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health MinistryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineKey Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health MinistryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineKey Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health MinistryTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Yang WB, Hsu CC, Hsu TI, Liou JP, Chang KY, Chen PY, Liu JJ, Yang ST, Wang JY, Yeh SH, Chen RM, Chang WC, Chuang JY. Increased activation of HDAC1/2/6 and Sp1 underlies therapeutic resistance and tumor growth in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2020; 22:1439-1451. [PMID: 32328646 PMCID: PMC7566541 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Although the use of first-line temozolomide can reduce tumor growth, therapy-induced stress drives stem cells out of quiescence, leading to chemoresistance and glioblastoma recurrence. The specificity protein 1 (Sp1) transcription factor is known to protect glioblastoma cells against temozolomide; however, how tumor cells hijack this factor to gain resistance to therapy is not known. METHODS Sp1 acetylation in temozolomide-resistant cells and stemlike tumorspheres was analyzed by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting experiments. Effects of the histone deacetylase (HDAC)/Sp1 axis on malignant growth were examined using cell proliferation-related assays and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, integrative analysis of gene expression with chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and the recurrent glioblastoma omics data were also used to further determine the target genes of the HDAC/Sp1 axis. RESULTS We identified Sp1 as a novel substrate of HDAC6, and observed that the HDAC1/2/6/Sp1 pathway promotes self-renewal of malignancy by upregulating B cell-specific Mo-MLV integration site 1 (BMI1) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), as well as by regulating G2/M progression and DNA repair via alteration of the transcription of various genes. Importantly, HDAC1/2/6/Sp1 activation is associated with poor clinical outcome in both glioblastoma and low-grade gliomas. However, treatment with azaindolyl sulfonamide, a potent HDAC6 inhibitor with partial efficacy against HDAC1/2, induced G2/M arrest and senescence in both temozolomide-resistant cells and stemlike tumorspheres. CONCLUSION Our study uncovers a previously unknown regulatory mechanism in which the HDAC6/Sp1 axis induces cell division and maintains the stem cell population to fuel tumor growth and therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chia Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Jiun Liu
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Tai Yang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Hwa Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pan J, Dai Q, Zhang T, Li C. Palmitate acid promotes gastric cancer metastasis via FABP5/SP1/UCA1 pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:69. [PMID: 30948929 PMCID: PMC6431020 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) has a clear predilection for metastasis toward omentum which is primarily composed of adipose tissue, combine with our previous research that long non-coding RNA Urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) could promote the peritoneal metastasis of GC, we put forward the hypothesis that fatty acids (FAs) might contribute to these phenomena and a connection between FAs and UCA1 might exist. Methods TCGA database was applied to investigate the expression levels of UCA1 in GC tissues and normal gastric tissues and its correlation with GC patients’ survival. Transfection of siRNA was utilized to knockdown cellular levels of FA-binding protein 5 (FABP5), SP1, UCA1. Migration assay and invasion assay were performed to assess the biological effects of palmitate acid (PA), FABP5, SP1 and UCA1 on GC metastasis. The underlying mechanism was investigated via western blot, immunofluorescence (IF), semi-quantitative RT-PCR (sqRT-PCR) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Results Here we demonstrated that PA could promote the nuclear transport of FABP5, which then increased the nuclear protein levels of SP1. Consequently, GC cellular expression levels of UCA1 were increased which promoted the metastatic properties of GC. Besides, the cellular levels of UCA1 in GC tumor tissues were significantly higher than that in normal tissues. Its levels in GC tumor tissues also negatively correlated with the prognosis of GC patients using TCGA database. Conclusions Our research revealed the potential tumor-promoting effect of FA transport protein FABP5. We also established a connection between non-coding RNA and FA metabolism, treatment targeted either to patients’ diets or FABP5 might improve the prognosis of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaomeng Pan
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqiang Dai
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 People's Republic of China
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Dong M, Xie Y, Xu Y. miR-7-5p regulates the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells by negatively regulating the expression of Krüppel-like factor 4. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3241-3246. [PMID: 30867755 PMCID: PMC6396112 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA-7-5p (miR-7-5p) functions as a tumor suppressor in certain types of human cancer. However, the role of miR-7-5p in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be investigated. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the present study demonstrated that miR-7-5p was downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. In addition, low miR-7-5p expression is able to predict a poor 5-year overall survival rate for patients with CRC. In vitro studies revealed that miR-7-5p overexpression inhibits cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), an oncogene in CRC, was validated as a direct target of miR-7-5p. KLF4 expression was negatively correlated with miR-7-5p expression in CRC tissues. Notably, KLF4 overexpression rescued the suppressive effects of miR-7-5p on CRC cell proliferation and migration. In summary, the results of this study demonstrated that miR-7-5p inhibits CRC proliferation and migration by targeting KLF4, which suggests that miR-7-5p is a potential molecular target for the treatment of human CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Dong
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The No. 2 Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Xie
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The No. 2 Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yidong Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The No. 2 Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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Dauer P, Sharma NS, Gupta VK, Nomura A, Dudeja V, Saluja A, Banerjee S. GRP78-mediated antioxidant response and ABC transporter activity confers chemoresistance to pancreatic cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1498-1512. [PMID: 29738634 PMCID: PMC6120253 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major therapeutic challenge that plays a role in the poor statistical outcomes in pancreatic cancer. Unfolded protein response (UPR) is one of the homeostasis mechanisms in cancer cells that have been correlated with chemoresistance in a number of cancers including pancreatic cancer. In this study, we show that modulating glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), the master regulator of the UPR, can have a profound effect on multiple pathways that mediate chemoresistance. Our study showed for the first time that silencing GRP78 can diminish efflux activity of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and it can decrease the antioxidant response resulting in an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also show that these effects can be mediated by the activity of specificity protein 1 (SP1), a transcription factor overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. Thus, inhibition of SP1 negatively affects the UPR, deregulates the antioxidant response of NRF2, as well as ABC transporter activity by inhibiting GRP78-mediated ER homeostasis. Sp1 and NRF2 have been classified as nononcogene addiction genes and thus are imperative to understanding the molecular mechanism of resistance. These finding have huge clinical relevance as both Sp1 and GRP78 are overexpressed in pancreatic cancer patients and increased expression of these proteins is indicative of poor prognosis. Understanding how these proteins may regulate chemoresistance phenotype of this aggressive cancer may pave the way for development of efficacious therapy for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Dauer
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Nikita S. Sharma
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MiamiFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterMiamiFLUSA
| | - Vineet K. Gupta
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MiamiFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterMiamiFLUSA
| | - Alice Nomura
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MiamiFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterMiamiFLUSA
| | - Vikas Dudeja
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MiamiFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterMiamiFLUSA
| | - Ashok Saluja
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MiamiFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterMiamiFLUSA
| | - Sulagna Banerjee
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of MiamiFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterMiamiFLUSA
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11
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Chatterjee B, Ghosh K, Kanade SR. Curcumin‐mediated demethylation of the proximal promoter CpG island enhances the KLF4 recruitment that leads to increased expression of p21Cip1 in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:809-820. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biji Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences Central University of Kerala Kasargod India
| | - Krishna Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences Central University of Kerala Kasargod India
| | - Santosh R. Kanade
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences Central University of Kerala Kasargod India
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12
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Yu M, Hao B, Zhan Y, Luo G. Krüppel-like factor 4 expression in solid tumor prognosis: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 485:50-59. [PMID: 29940144 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating studies have demonstrated that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) can act as a tumor suppressor or oncogene in the carcinogenesis of diverse cancers. The prognostic value of KLF4 in various human solid cancers remains controversial. Thus, the present meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of KLF4 in solid tumors. METHODS Eligible literature was retrieved by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using fixed-effects and random-effects models. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. In addition, publication bias was assessed using Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression asymmetry test. RESULTS The 22 eligible studies finally enrolled a total of 2988 patients to assess the prognostic value of KLF4 in solid tumors. Low KLF4 expression was clearly related to worse OS (HR = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-2.24, P < 0.001) and DFS (HR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.34-2.26, P < 0.001), indicating that low KLF4 expression could be an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in solid cancers. CONCLUSION KLF4 might be a potential marker to predict prognosis in solid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomei Yu
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yuxia Zhan
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Guanghua Luo
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.
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13
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Feng W, Xie Q, Liu S, Ji Y, Li C, Wang C, Jin L. Krüppel-like factor 4 promotes c-Met amplification-mediated gefitinib resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1775-1786. [PMID: 29624806 PMCID: PMC5989843 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib has been widely used in the first‐line treatment of advanced EGFR‐mutated non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, many NSCLC patients will acquire resistance to gefitinib after 9‐14 months of treatment. This study revealed that Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) contributes to the formation of gefitinib resistance in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells. We observed that KLF4 was overexpressed in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells and tissues. Knockdown of KLF4 increased tumorigenic properties in gefitinib‐resistant NSCLC cell lines without c‐Met overexpression, but it reduced tumorigenic properties and increased gefitinib sensitivity in gefitinib‐resistant NSCLC cells with c‐Met overexpression, whereas overexpression of KLF4 reduced gefitinib sensitivity in gefitinib‐sensitive NSCLC cells. Furthermore, Western blot analysis revealed that KLF4 contributed to the formation of gefitinib resistance in c‐Met‐overexpressing NSCLC cells by inhibiting the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins under gefitinib treatment and activating the c‐Met/Akt signaling pathway by decreasing the inhibition of β‐catenin on phosphorylation of c‐Met to prevent blockade by gefitinib. In summary, this study's results suggest that KLF4 is a promising candidate molecular target for both prevention and therapy of NSCLC with c‐Met overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianyi Xie
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Suo Liu
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyun Li
- Departments of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunle Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Longyu Jin
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Xu Q, Liu M, Zhang J, Xue L, Zhang G, Hu C, Wang Z, He S, Chen L, Ma K, Liu X, Zhao Y, Lv N, Liang S, Zhu H, Xu N. Overexpression of KLF4 promotes cell senescence through microRNA-203-survivin-p21 pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60290-60302. [PMID: 27531889 PMCID: PMC5312384 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor and functions as a tumor suppressor or tumor promoter in different cancer types. KLF4 regulates many gene expression, thus affects the process of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Recently, KLF4 was reported to induce senescence during the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we constructed two doxycycline-inducing KLF4 cell models, and demonstrated overexpression of KLF4 could promote cell senescence, detected by senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity assay. Then we confirmed that p21, a key effector of senescence, was directly induced by KLF4. KLF4 could also inhibit survivin, which could indirectly induce p21. By miRNA microarray, we found a series of miRNAs regulated by KLF4 and involved in senescence. We demonstrated that KLF4 could upregulate miR-203, and miR-203 contributed to senescence through miR-203-survivin-p21 pathway. Our results suggest that KLF4 could promote cell senescence through a complex network: miR-203, survivin, and p21, which were all regulated by overexpression of KLF4 and contributed to cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Division of Proteomics, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Xue
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfei Hu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zaozao Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shun He
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lechuang Chen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghe Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lv
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Kong F, Sun T, Kong X, Xie D, Li Z, Xie K. Krüppel-like Factor 4 Suppresses Serine/Threonine Kinase 33 Activation and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer through Reversing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2440-2451. [PMID: 29367428 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cancers with aberrant expression of Serine/threonine kinase 33 (STK33) has been reported to be particularly aggressive. However, its expression, clinical significance, and biological functions in gastric cancer remain largely unknown. In the present study, we determined the expression and function of STK33 in gastric cancer and delineated the clinical significance of the Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)/STK33 signaling pathway.Methods: STK33 expression and its association with multiple clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed immunohistochemically in human gastric cancer specimens. STK33 knockdown and overexpression were used to dissect the underlying mechanism of its functions in gastric cancer cells. Regulation and underlying mechanisms of STK33 expression by KLF4 in gastric cancer cells were studied using cell and molecular biological methods.Results: Drastically higher expression of STK33 was observed in gastric cancer and gastric intraepithelial neoplasia tissues compared with adjacent normal gastric tissues. Increased STK33 expression correlated directly with tumor size, lymph node, and distant metastasis; and patients with low STK33 expression gastric cancer were predicted to have a favorable prognosis. Enforced expression of STK33 promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo, whereas reduced STK33 did the opposite. Moreover, STK33 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro Mechanistically, KLF4 transcriptionally inhibited STK33 expression in gastric cancer cells. KLF4-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cell invasion was reversed by upregulation of STK33 expression.Conclusions: STK33 has pro-tumor function and is a critical downstream mediator of KLF4 in gastric cancer. STK33 may serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 24(10); 2440-51. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyang Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Air Force General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dacheng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Keping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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16
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Hujie G, Zhou SH, Zhang H, Qu J, Xiong XW, Hujie O, Liao CG, Yang SE. MicroRNA-10b regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition by modulating KLF4/KLF11/Smads in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:10. [PMID: 29375271 PMCID: PMC5773153 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous work showed that miR-10b was overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promoted HCC cell migration and invasion. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in HCC metastasis. So, we suspected that miR-10b might participate in the HCC EMT. Methods We performed morphological analysis and immunofluorescence to observe the roles of miR-10b in HCC EMT. The expression of KLF11 and EMT markers were detected by real-time RT-PCR and western blot. The regulation roles of miR-10b on KLF11 and KLF4 were determined by luciferase reporter assay. The chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed the binding relationship between KLF4 and KLF11. Results We found that overexpression of miR-10b could promote HCC EMT. miR-10b could upregulated KLF11 expression. The upregulation of KLF11 reduced the downstream molecular Smad7 expression, which upregulated the Smad3 expression to promote EMT development. Furthermore, the induction role of miR-10b in HCC EMT could be blocked by KLF11 siRNA. But our results showed that there was no direct regulation of miR-10b in KLF11 expression. Specifically, miR-10b could bind to the 3′UTR of KLF4 and inhibit KLF4 expression. KLF4 could directly bind to KLF11 promoter and downregulate KLF11 transcription. Conclusion Our results reveal that miR-10b downregulates KLF4, the inhibitory transcriptional factor of KLF11, which induces Smads signaling activity to promote HCC EMT. Our study presents the regulation mechanism of miR-10b in EMT through the KLF4/KLF11/Smads pathway for the first time and implicates miR-10b as a potential target for HCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulibaha Hujie
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China.,Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hua Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Korla Hospital, Second Divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Korla, 841000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Qu
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Xiong
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Outikuer Hujie
- 4Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Gong Liao
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-E Yang
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
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17
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Suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by Krüppel-like factor 4. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29749-60. [PMID: 27102441 PMCID: PMC5045430 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant and lethal human cancers. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enhances the carcinogenesis of HCC, and therapies targeting EMT appear to be promising treatments. We have previously shown that Krüppel-like Factor 4 (KLF4) suppressed EMT of HCC cells through downregulating EMT-associated proteins. Here, we examined the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in KLF4-regulated EMT in HCC cells. KLF4 induced expression of 3 miRNAs (miR-153, miR-506 and miR-200b) that targeted 3′-UTR of Snail1, Slug and ZEB1 mRNAs, respectively, to inhibit protein translation in HCC cells, which was confirmed by promoter luciferase assay. Expression of either miRNA significantly inhibited HCC cell growth and invasiveness, while the effect of combined expression of all 3 miRNAs was more pronounced. Furthermore, overexpression of antisense of all 3 miRNAs abolished the inhibitory effect of KLF4 on HCC cell growth and invasiveness. Together, our data suggest that KLF4 inhibits EMT-enhanced HCC growth and invasion, possibly through reducing EMT-related proteins Snail1, Slug and ZEB1 via increasing miR-153, miR-506 and miR-200b.
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18
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Xu XW, Pan CW, Yang XM, Zhou L, Zheng ZQ, Li DC. SP1 reduces autophagic flux through activating p62 in gastric cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4633-4638. [PMID: 29328444 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer, causing mortality worldwide. However, the underlying molecular mechanism in gastric cancer progression remains unclear. The autophagic flux was determined in gastric cancer cells overexpressing or inhibiting Sp1 transcription factor (SP1) using western blotting, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining. Luciferase and ChIP assays were performed to detect the potential underlying mechanism of SP1 in gastric cancer cells. Lastly, immunohistochemistry was also performed on SP1 and p62 expression levels in human gastric cancer specimens. It was demonstrated that SP1 diminished autophagic flux via activating p62 in gastric cancer. Moreover, SP1 deficiency increased the rate of autophagy of gastric cancer cells. Notably, it was observed that SP1 enhanced the expression levels of p62 by directly binding to the promoter of p62. Analysis of gastric cancer specimen staining established that p62 expression levels were increased in SP1‑positve gastric tissues. The present study provided evidence for a novel mechanism regulating autophagy in gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wu Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Min Yang
- Department of Pathology, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - De-Chun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
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19
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Li Y, Wu Y, Sun Z, Wang R, Ma D. MicroRNA‑376a inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in glioblastoma multiforme by directly targeting specificity protein 1. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:1583-1590. [PMID: 29257212 PMCID: PMC5780098 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a World Health Organization grade IV glioma, is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in humans. microRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in numerous cancer types, including GBM. Abnormally expressed miRNAs are commonly associated with malignant characteristics of GBM, including malignant growth, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. miRNA (miR)‑376a is abnormally expressed in multiple human cancers; however, the expression pattern and role of miR‑376a in GBM, and the underlying molecular mechanisms by which miR‑376a exerts its functions remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure miR‑376a expression and determine its biological roles in GBM as well as its associated molecular mechanism. In the present study, miR‑376a expression was markedly downregulated in GBM tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR‑376a markedly decreased the proliferation and invasion of GBM cells in vitro. In the present study, specificity protein 1 (SP1) was demonstrated to be a direct target of miR‑376a. In addition, a negative association between SP1 mRNA and miR‑376a expression was observed in GBM tissues. SP1 upregulation reduced the effects of miR‑376a overexpression on GBM cell proliferation and invasion. miR‑376a may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Li
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yunxia Wu
- Department of Neurology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Deliang Ma
- Department of Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
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20
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Xu X, Li J, Zhu Y, Xie B, Wang X, Wang S, Xie H, Yan H, Ying Y, Lin Y, Liu B, Wang W, Zheng X. CRISPR-ON-Mediated KLF4 overexpression inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of urothelial bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102078-102087. [PMID: 29254226 PMCID: PMC5731936 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4), a transcription factor associated with carcinogenesis and tumor progression, plays an important role in various malignancies. In the present study, we utilized the CRISPR-ON system to upregulate KLF4 expression level and subsequently investigated the effect and mechanism of KLF4 in the carcinogenesis and progression of urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to evaluate the expression of KLF4. The CpG methylation status of the promoter region was analyzed using bisulfite-sequencing PCR (BSP). CRISPR-ON system comprised sgRNA and dCas9 protein combined with a transcriptional activation domain. The cell proliferation and cell cycle were assessed by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and colony formation assay. The cell motility ability was evaluated using trans-well assay. In vivo tumorigenesis assay and lung metastasis model were also performed. The KLF4 expression was significantly downregulated in UBC tissues. The high CpG methylation status in the promoter of KLF4 was confirmed using BSP. KLF4 overexpression was successfully achieved via CRISPR-ON system, which inhibited the proliferation and induced G1-phase arrest in T24 cells through the regulation of AKT/p21 signal. Furthermore, enforced expression of KLF4 also abrogated the migration and invasion of T24 cells by suppressing EMT progression. Finally, in vivo models indicated that the upregulation of KLF4 could inhibit tumorigenesis and lung metastasis in nude mice. In conclusion, KLF4 overexpression mediated by CRISPR-ON inhibits tumorigenesis and EMT progression in UBC cells, representing a potential therapeutic target, and CRISPR-ON system could be a therapeutic strategy for UBC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of Urology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Haiyun Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Huaqing Yan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yufan Ying
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yiwei Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
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Ducarouge B, Pelissier-Rota M, Powell R, Buisson A, Bonaz B, Jacquier-Sarlin M. Involvement of CRF2 signaling in enterocyte differentiation. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:5127-5145. [PMID: 28811708 PMCID: PMC5537180 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i28.5127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the role of corticotropin releasing factor receptor (CRF2) in epithelial permeability and enterocyte cell differentiation.
METHODS For this purpose, we used rat Sprague Dawley and various colon carcinoma cell lines (SW620, HCT8R, HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines). Expression of CRF2 protein was analyzed by fluorescent immunolabeling in normal rat colon and then by western blot in dissociated colonic epithelial cells and in the lysates of colon carcinoma cell lines or during the early differentiation of HT-29 cells (ten first days). To assess the impact of CRF2 signaling on colonic cell differentiation, HT-29 and Caco-2 cells were exposed to Urocortin 3 recombinant proteins (Ucn3, 100 nmol/L). In some experiments, cells were pre-exposed to the astressin 2b (A2b) a CRF2 antagonist in order to inhibit the action of Ucn3. Intestinal cell differentiation was first analyzed by functional assays: the trans-cellular permeability and the para-cellular permeability were determined by Dextran-FITC intake and measure of the transepithelial electrical resistance respectively. Morphological modifications associated to epithelial dysfunction were analyzed by confocal microscopy after fluorescent labeling of actin (phaloidin-TRITC) and intercellular adhesion proteins such as E-cadherin, p120ctn, occludin and ZO-1. The establishment of mature adherens junctions (AJ) was monitored by following the distribution of AJ proteins in lipid raft fractions, after separation of cell lysates on sucrose gradients. Finally, the mRNA and the protein expression levels of characteristic markers of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) differentiation such as the transcriptional factor krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) or the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) were performed by RT-PCR and western blot respectively. The specific activities of DPPIV and alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzymes were determined by a colorimetric method.
RESULTS CRF2 protein is preferentially expressed in undifferentiated epithelial cells from the crypts of colon and in human colon carcinoma cell lines. Furthermore, CRF2 expression is down regulated according to the kinetic of HT-29 cell differentiation. By performing functional assays, we found that Ucn3-induced CRF2 signaling alters both para- and trans-cellular permeability of differentiated HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. These effects are partly mediated by Ucn3-induced morphological changes associated with the disruption of mature AJ in HT-29 cells and tight junctions (TJ) in Caco-2 cells. Ucn3-mediated activation of CRF2 decreases mRNA and protein expression levels of KLF4 a transcription factor involved in IEC differentiation. This signaling is correlated to a down-regulation of key IEC markers such as DPPIV and AP, at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CRF2 signaling could modulate IEC differentiation. These mechanisms could be relevant to the stress induced epithelial alterations found in inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Kang TH, Seo JH, Oh H, Yoon G, Chae JI, Shim JH. Licochalcone A Suppresses Specificity Protein 1 as a Novel Target in Human Breast Cancer Cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4652-4663. [PMID: 28498645 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LCA), isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza inflata, are known to have medicinal effect such as anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer. Though, as a pharmacological mechanism regulator, anti-cancer studies on LCA were not investigated in human breast cancer. We investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of LCA in human breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 through MTS assay, PI staining, Annexin-V/7-AAD assay, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, multi-caspase assay, RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and anchorage-independent cell transformation assay. Our results showed the little difference between two cells, as MCF-7 cell is both estrogen/progesterone receptor positive, there were only effect on Sp1 protein level, but not in mRNA level. Adversely, estrogen/progesterone/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 triple negative, MDA-MB-231 showed decreased Sp1 mRNA, and protein levels. To confirm the participation of Sp1 in breast cancer cell viability, siRNA techniques were introduced. Both cells showed dysfunction of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial ROS production, which reflects it passed intracellular mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Additionally, LCA showed the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect in breast cancer cells through regulating Sp1 and apoptosis-related proteins in a dose- and a time-dependent manner. Consequently, LCA might be a potential anti-breast cancer drug substitute. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4652-4663, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Ho Kang
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Seo
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 534-729, Republic of Korea.,The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Inhibition of Sp1 prevents ER homeostasis and causes cell death by lysosomal membrane permeabilization in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1564. [PMID: 28484232 PMCID: PMC5431512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01696-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress initiates an important mechanism for cell adaptation and survival, named the unfolded protein response (UPR). Severe or chronic/prolonged UPR can breach the threshold for survival and lead to cell death. There is a fundamental gap in knowledge on the molecular mechanism of how chronic ER stress is stimulated and leads to cell death in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Our study shows that downregulating specificity protein 1 (Sp1), a transcription factor that is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, activates UPR and results in chronic ER stress. In addition, downregulation of Sp1 results in its decreased binding to the ER stress response element present in the promoter region of Grp78, the master regulator of ER stress, thereby preventing homeostasis. We further show that inhibition of Sp1, as well as induction of ER stress, leads to lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), a sustained accumulation of cytosolic calcium, and eventually cell death in pancreatic cancer.
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Yang Z, Li D, Liu Z, Miao X, Yang L, Zou Q, Yuan Y. BIRC7 and KLF4 expression in benign and malignant lesions of pancreas and their clinicopathological significance. Cancer Biomark 2017; 17:437-444. [PMID: 27802195 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the KLF4 and BIRC7 protein expression in malignant and benign pancreatic tissues by immunohistochemical staining and the clinical and pathological significance of KLF4 and BIRC7 expression in PDAC. KLF4 expression was significantly lower, whereas BIRC7 expression was significantly higher in PDAC than that in peritumoral tissue, benign pancreatic lesions, and normal pancreatic tissue (P < 0.01). The percentage of positive BIRC7 and negative KLF4 expression was significantly lower in PDAC patients with well differentiated tumors, maximum tumor size < 3 cm, no lymph node metastasis, no invasion to the surrounding tissues and organs, and TNM stage I/II stage disease than in patients with poorly differentiated tumor, maximum tumor size > 5 cm, lymph node metastasis, invasion to surrounding tissues and organs, and TNM stage III/IV disease (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the differentiation, maximum tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, invasion, negative KLF4 expression, and positive BIRC7 expression were significantly associated with the short survival of patients with PDAC (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that positive BIRC7 expression and negative KLF4 expression were independent poor prognosis factors in PDAC patients. In conclusions, positive BIRC7 expression and negative KLF4 expression are associated with the progression of PDAC and poor prognosis in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhulin Yang
- Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daiqiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziru Liu
- Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiongying Miao
- Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Leping Yang
- Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Zou
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Flores-Peredo L, Rodríguez G, Zarain-Herzberg A. Induction of cell differentiation activates transcription of the Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum calcium-ATPase 3 gene (ATP2A3) in gastric and colon cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:735-750. [PMID: 27433831 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ -ATPases (SERCAs), pump Ca2+ into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen modulating cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations to regulate various cellular processes including cell growth. Previous studies have reported a downregulation of SERCA3 protein expression in gastric and colon cancer cell lines and showed that in vitro cell differentiation increases its expression. However, little is known about the transcriptional mechanisms and transcription factors that regulate SERCA3 expression in epithelial cancer cells. In this work, we demonstrate that SERCA3 mRNA is upregulated up to 45-fold in two epithelial cancer cell lines, KATO-III and Caco-2, induced to differentiate with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and by cell confluence, respectively. To evaluate the transcriptional elements responding to the differentiation stimuli, we cloned the human ATP2A3 promoter, generated deletion constructs and transfected them into KATO-III cells. Basal and differentiation responsive DNA elements were located by functional analysis within the first -135 bp of the promoter region. Using site-directed mutagenesis and DNA-protein binding assays we found that Sp1, Sp3, and Klf-4 transcription factors bind to ATP2A3 proximal promoter elements and regulate basal gene expression. We showed that these factors participated in the increase of ATP2A3 expression during cancer cell differentiation. This study provides evidence for the first time that Sp1, Sp3, and Klf-4 transcriptionally modulate the expression of SERCA3 during induction of epithelial cancer cell differentiation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Flores-Peredo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angel Zarain-Herzberg
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Kulshrestha A, Suman S, Ranjan R. Network analysis reveals potential markers for pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:4569-81. [PMID: 27555782 PMCID: PMC4968868 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s108485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a poor outcome. Molecular mechanisms of pediatric ACC oncogenesis and advancement are not well understood. Accurate and timely diagnosis of the disease requires identification of new markers for pediatric ACC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the gene expression profile of pediatric ACC and obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. Gene Ontology functional and pathway enrichment analysis was implemented to recognize the functions of DEGs. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) and gene–gene functional interaction (GGI) network of DEGs was constructed. Hub gene detection and enrichment analysis of functional modules were performed. Furthermore, a gene regulatory network incorporating DEGs–microRNAs–transcription factors was constructed and analyzed. A total of 431 DEGs including 228 upregulated and 203 downregulated DEGs were screened. These genes were largely involved in cell cycle, steroid biosynthesis, and p53 signaling pathways. Upregulated genes, CDK1, CCNB1, CDC20, and BUB1B, were identified as the common hubs of PPI and GGI networks. All the four common hub genes were also part of modules of the PPI network. Moreover, all the four genes were also present in the largest module of GGI network. A gene regulatory network consisting of 82 microRNAs and 100 transcription factors was also constructed. CDK1, CCNB1, CDC20, and BUB1B may serve as potential biomarker of pediatric ACC and as potential targets for therapeutic approach, although experimental studies are required to authenticate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kulshrestha
- Bioinformatics Division, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
| | - Shikha Suman
- Division of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, India
| | - Rakesh Ranjan
- Bioinformatics Division, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
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27
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Kong LM, Yao L, Lu N, Dong YL, Zhang J, Wang YQ, Liu L, Zhang HL, Huang JG, Liao CG. Interaction of KLF6 and Sp1 regulates basigin-2 expression mediated proliferation, invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:27975-87. [PMID: 27057625 PMCID: PMC5053703 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the tumor suppressor gene Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) plays important roles in both development and progression of cancer. However, the role of KLF6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Cancer-related molecule basigin-2 plays an important role in HCC progression and metastasis. Sp1, one of Sp/KLFs family members, regulates basigin-2 expression in HCC. The involvement of KLFs in basigin-2 regulation and HCC progression and metastasis has not been investigated. We first measured KLF6 expression levels in 50 pairs of HCC and adjacent normal tissues (ANTs) by immunohistochemistry. Specifically, low KLF6 expression but high Sp1 and basigin-2 expression were found in HCC tissues. By contrast, the ANTs showed high KLF6 expression but low Sp1 and basigin-2 expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that higher expression of KLF6 was associated with better overall survival. The survival rate of KLF6-negative patients was lower than that of KLF6-positive patients (P = 0.015). We also found that KLF6 binds to the basigin-2 and Sp1 promoters and decreases their expression. Thus, we identified a microcircuitry mechanism in which KLF6 can repress basigin-2 expression directly by binding to its promoter or indirectly by inhibiting the expression of the transcription factor Sp1 to block gene expression. Additionally, overexpression of KLF6 suppressed the invasion, metastasis and proliferation of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo by targeting basigin-2. Our study provides new evidence that interaction of KLF6 and Sp1 regulates basigin-2 expression in HCC and that KLF6 represses the invasive and metastatic capacities of HCC through basigin-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Min Kong
- Department of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Oncology, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Lu Dong
- Department of Oncology, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
- Cancer Institute, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - He-Long Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
- Cancer Institute, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Huang
- Department of Oncology, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Gong Liao
- Department of Oncology, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
- Cancer Institute, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, P. R. China
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28
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Aziz F, Wang X, Liu J, Yan Q. Ginsenoside Rg3 induces FUT4-mediated apoptosis in H. pylori CagA-treated gastric cancer cells by regulating SP1 and HSF1 expressions. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 31:158-66. [PMID: 26427350 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) cytotoxin associated antigen A (CagA) plays a significant role in the development of gastric cancer. Ginsenoside Rg3 is a herbal medicine which inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in various cancer cells. Fucosylation plays important roles in cancer biology as increased fucosylation levels of glycoproteins and glycolipids have been reported in many cancers. Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is an essential enzyme, catalyzes the synthesis of LewisY oligosaccharides and is regulated by specificity protein 1 (SP1) and heat shock factor protein 1 (HSF1) transcription factors. Herein, we studied the mechanism action of Rg3 apoptosis induction in gastric cancer cells. We treated the gastric cancer cells with CagA followed by Rg3, and analyzed their ability to induce apoptosis by evaluating the role of FUT4 as well as SP1 and HSF1 expressions by Western blot, flow cytometry and ELISA. We found that Rg3 significantly induced apoptosis in CagA treated gastric cancer cells, as evidenced by nuclear staining of 4-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and Annexin-V/PI double-labeling. In addition, Rg3 significantly increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and triggered the activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9 and PARP. Moreover, Rg3-induced apoptotic mechanisms indicated that Rg3 inhibited FUT4 expression through SP1 upregulation and HSF1 downregulation. Hence, Rg3 therapy is an effective strategy for gastric cancer treatment. Furthermore SP1 and HSF1 may serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Aziz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, China.
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29
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Wang M, Sang J, Ren Y, Liu K, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang H, Wang J, Orian A, Yang J, Yi J. SENP3 regulates the global protein turnover and the Sp1 level via antagonizing SUMO2/3-targeted ubiquitination and degradation. Protein Cell 2016; 7:63-77. [PMID: 26511642 PMCID: PMC4707158 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is recently found to function as a targeting signal for the degradation of substrates through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. RNF4 is the most studied human SUMO-targeted ubiquitin E3 ligase. However, the relationship between SUMO proteases, SENPs, and RNF4 remains obscure. There are limited examples of the SENP regulation of SUMO2/3-targeted proteolysis mediated by RNF4. The present study investigated the role of SENP3 in the global protein turnover related to SUMO2/3-targeted ubiquitination and focused in particular on the SENP3 regulation of the stability of Sp1. Our data demonstrated that SENP3 impaired the global ubiquitination profile and promoted the accumulation of many proteins. Sp1, a cancer-associated transcription factor, was among these proteins. SENP3 increased the level of Sp1 protein via antagonizing the SUMO2/3-targeted ubiquitination and the consequent proteasome-dependent degradation that was mediated by RNF4. De-conjugation of SUMO2/3 by SENP3 attenuated the interaction of Sp1 with RNF4. In gastric cancer cell lines and specimens derived from patients and nude mice, the level of Sp1 was generally increased in parallel to the level of SENP3. These results provided a new explanation for the enrichment of the Sp1 protein in various cancers, and revealed a regulation of SUMO2/3 conjugated proteins whose levels may be tightly controlled by SENP3 and RNF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing Sang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanhua Ren
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kejia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Haolu Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Amir Orian
- Faculty of Medicine, Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel
| | - Jie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jing Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Ray SK. The Transcription Regulator Krüppel-Like Factor 4 and Its Dual Roles of Oncogene in Glioblastoma and Tumor Suppressor in Neuroblastoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 7:127-139. [PMID: 28497005 DOI: 10.1615/forumimmundisther.2016017227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) gene is located on chromosome 9q31. All of the currently known 17 KLF transcription regulators that have similarity with members of the specificity protein family are distinctly characterized by the Cys2/His2 zinc finger motifs at their carboxyl terminals for preferential binding to the GC/GT box or the CACCC element of the gene promoter and enhancer regions. KLF4 is a transcriptional regulator of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, emphasizing its importance in diagnosis and prognosis of particular tumors. KLF4 has been implicated in tumor progression as well as in tumor suppression, depending on tumor types and contexts. Different studies so far strongly suggest that KLF4 acts as an oncogene in glioblastoma, which is the most malignant and prevalent brain tumor in human adult. It is now well established that the presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) in glioblastoma causes therapy resistance and progressive growth of the tumor. Because KLF4 is one of the key stemness factors in GSCs, it is likely that KLF4 contributes significantly to the survival of GSCs and the recurrence of glioblastoma. On the other hand, recent studies show that KLF4 can act as a tumor suppressor in human malignant neuroblastoma, which is a deadly tumor mostly in children, by inhibiting the cell cycle and activating the cell differentiation and death pathways. Our increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the contrasting roles of KLF4 in glioblastoma and neuroblastoma is useful for superior diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of these tumors of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Building 2, Room C11, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209; Tel.: 803-216-3420
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Human cancer: Is it linked to dysfunctional lipid metabolism? Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:352-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Song B, Yan G, Hao H, Yang B. rs11671784 G/A and rs895819 A/G polymorphisms inversely affect gastric cancer susceptibility and miR-27a expression in a Chinese population. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2318-26. [PMID: 25399405 PMCID: PMC4245106 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background rs895819 and rs11671784 are 2 SNPs in miR-27a that can influence the expression of mature miRNA. However, their role in gastric cancer development is still not well understood. This study aimed to determine whether these 2 polymorphisms are associated with gastric cancer risk in a Chinese population and how they influence the expression of miR-27a. Material/Methods This was a case-control study and recruited 278 gastric cases and 278 healthy matched controls. Genotyping of these 2 SNPs among the participants were performed to assess their association with gastric cancer risk. Tumor samples from 59 patients who had physical resection were used for qRT-PCR analysis of miR-27a expression. To further valid the effects of these 2 SNPs, findings of previous studies were pooled to generate integrated evidence. Results Individuals with rs895819 G variants exhibited significantly increased risk of gastric cancer, while subjects with rs11671784 A variants had significantly reduced gastric cancer risk. Among the patients, rs895819 G variants were moderately associated with lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis, while rs11671784 A variants were associated with significantly reduced risk of lymphatic invasion. qRT-PCR results demonstrated rs895819 polymorphism contributed to an aberrant process from pri-miR-27a to pre-miR-27a, but rs11671784 did not affect the transcription and post-transcription processes of the miR-27a gene. The subsequent meta-analysis largely confirmed the effects of these 2 SNPs on gastric cancer risk. Conclusions rs895819 and rs11671784 inversely affect gastric cancer risk and the influence was closely related to their effects on miR-27a expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Shan Hospital, Yantai, Shangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Ge Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Shan Hospital, Yantai, Shangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Hankun Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Bei Yang
- Department of Radiology, Central hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Lee HY, Ahn JB, Rha SY, Chung HC, Park KH, Kim TS, Kim NK, Shin SJ. High KLF4 level in normal tissue predicts poor survival in colorectal cancer patients. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:232. [PMID: 25060774 PMCID: PMC4119179 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is involved in many important cellular processes such as growth, development, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the significance of KLF4 in both tumors and normal tissues of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Between January 2003 and June 2005, 125 patients with CRC receiving treatment at the Yonsei Cancer Center were selected. We examined the mRNA level of the KLF4 gene in primary CRC specimens and matched normal colon tissues using real-time RT-PCR. Correlation of survival with clinicopathological parameters, including KLF4 level, was investigated with univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS CRC tissue had a significantly lower KLF4 level when compared with matched normal tissues (KLF4 in tumors: 2007 ± 1531 copies/μl, KLF4 in normal tissues: 6586 ± 2834 copies/μl; P < 0.0001). However, there was a correlation between the KLF4 level in tumors and normal tissues. Patients with a high KLF4 level in matched normal tissues were more likely than those with a low KLF4 level to develop recurrence and had poorer overall survival (P = 0.005). Therefore, the KLF4 level in the normal tissue of individuals was associated with prognosis of individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that KLF4 mRNA expression level in normal tissues and tumors may be a useful prognostic marker in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sang Joon Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, South Korea.
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Malik D, Kaul D, Chauhan N, Marwaha RK. miR-2909-mediated regulation of KLF4: a novel molecular mechanism for differentiating between B-cell and T-cell pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:175. [PMID: 25037230 PMCID: PMC4112645 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background microRNAs (miRNAs) play both oncogenic and oncostatic roles in leukemia. However, the molecular details underlying miRNA-mediated regulation of their target genes in pediatric B- and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs) remain unclear. The present study investigated the relationship between miR-2909 and Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), and its functional relevance to cell cycle progression and immortalization in patients with pediatric ALL. Methods Elevated levels of miR-2909 targeted the tumor suppressor gene KLF4 in pediatric B-cell, but not pediatric T-cell ALL, as detected by pMIR-GFP reporter assay. Expression levels of genes including apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), MYC, B-cell lymphoma (BCL3), P21CIP, CCND1 and SP1 in B- and T-cells from patients with pediatric ALL were compared with control levels using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and reporter assays. Results We identified two novel mutations in KLF4 in pediatric T-ALL. A mutation in the 3′ untranslated region of the KLF4 gene resulted in loss of miR-2909-mediated regulation, while mutation in its first or third zinc-finger motif (Zf1/Zf3) rendered KLF4 transcriptionally inactive. This mutation was a frameshift mutation resulting in alteration of the Zf3 motif sequence in the mutant KLF4 protein in all pediatric T-ALL samples. Homology models, docking studies and promoter activity of its target gene P21CIP confirmed the lack of function of the mutant KLF4 protein in pediatric T-ALL. Moreover, the inability of miR-2909 to regulate KLF4 and its downstream genes controlling cell cycle and apoptosis in T-cell but not in B-ALL was verified by antagomiR-2909 transfection. Comprehensive sequence analysis of KLF4 identified the predominance of isoform 1 (~55 kDa) in most patients with pediatric B-ALL, while those with pediatric T-ALL expressed isoform 2 (~51 kDa). Conclusions This study identified a novel miR-2909-KLF4 molecular axis able to differentiate between the pathogeneses of pediatric B- and T-cell ALLs, and which may represent a new diagnostic/prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Kaul
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Shi M, Cui J, Du J, Wei D, Jia Z, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Gao Y, Xie K. A novel KLF4/LDHA signaling pathway regulates aerobic glycolysis in and progression of pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:4370-80. [PMID: 24947925 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor and putative tumor suppressor. However, little is known about its effect on aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic tumors. Therefore, we investigated the clinical significance, biologic effects, and mechanisms of dysregulated KLF4 signaling in aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Expression of KLF4 and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in 70 primary pancreatic tumors and 10 normal pancreatic tissue specimens was measured. Also, the underlying mechanisms of altered KLF4 expression and its impact on aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic cancer cells were investigated. RESULTS We found a negative correlation between KLF4 and LDHA expression in pancreatic cancer cells and tissues and that their expression was associated with clinicopathologic features of pancreatic cancer. KLF4 underexpression and LDHA overexpression were correlated with disease stage and tumor differentiation. Experimentally, KLF4 overexpression significantly attenuated the aerobic glycolysis in and growth of pancreatic cancer cells both in vitro and in orthotopic mouse models, whereas knockdown of KLF4 expression had the opposite effect. Enforced KLF4 expression decreased LDHA expression, whereas small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of KLF4 expression had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, KLF4 bound directly to the promoter regions of the LDHA gene and negatively regulated its transcription activity. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulated signaling in this novel KLF4/LDHA pathway significantly impacts aerobic glycolysis in and development and progression of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jiujie Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Du
- Department of Oncology and Tumor Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoyan Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhiliang Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Oncology and Tumor Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Keping Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Genetic deletion of Klf4 in the mouse intestinal epithelium ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis by modulating the NF-κB pathway inflammatory response. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20:811-20. [PMID: 24681655 PMCID: PMC4091934 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a zinc finger transcription factor expressed in the differentiated epithelial cells lining of the intestine. Under physiological conditions, KLF4 inhibits cell proliferation. Conversely, KLF4 mediates proinflammatory signaling in macrophages and its overexpression in the esophageal epithelium activates cytokines, leading to inflammation-mediated esophageal squamous cell cancer formation in mice. Here, we tested whether KLF4 has a proinflammatory activity in experimental colitis in mice. METHODS Villin-Cre;Klf4 mice with intestine-specific Klf4 deletion (Klf4) and control mice with floxed Klf4 gene (Klf4) were treated or not with 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days to induce colitis. Additionally, WT mice were administered or not, nanoparticles loaded with scrambled or Klf4-siRNA, and concomitantly given DSS. RESULTS Compared with DSS-treated Klf4 mice, DSS-treated Klf4 mice were significantly less sensitive to DSS-induced colitis. DSS treatment of Klf4 mice induced Klf4 expression in the crypt zone of the colonic epithelium. DSS-treated Klf4 mice had increased proliferation relative to DSS-treated control mice. DSS treatment induced NF-κB signaling pathway in Klf4 mice colon but not Klf4 mice. Additionally, WT mice given DSS and nanoparticle/Klf4-siRNA were less sensitive to colitis and had reduced Klf4 expression and while maintaining the proliferative response in the colonic epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that Klf4 is an important mediator of DSS-induced colonic inflammation by modulating NF-κB signaling pathway and could be involved in the pathogenesis and/or propagation of inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, Klf4 may represent a novel therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Oxidative DNA damage causes premature senescence in mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient for Krüppel-like factor 4. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:889-99. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Asadi MH, Derakhshani A, Mowla SJ. Concomitant upregulation of nucleostemin and downregulation of Sox2 and Klf4 in gastric adenocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:7177-85. [PMID: 24763828 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1966-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleostemin (NS) is a nucleolar protein involved in stem cell (SC) self-renewal by controlling cell cycle progression. In addition to SCs, NS is also expressed in some highly proliferating cells including several adult stem cells and cancer cell lines. NS knock-down in different cell lines demonstrated its cell type-dependent function in arresting cell cycle in either G1 or G2/M phases. Here, we have evaluated the expression of NS and iPS genes in 36 gastric cancer and their matched marginal nontumor tissues by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We have also examined a potential causative role of NS in gastric tumorigenesis by suppressing its expression in a gastric cancer cell line, AGS. Our data revealed that NS expression level is much higher in tumor tissues (p = 0.046), especially in high-grade ones (p < 0.001), whereas the expression of Klf4 and Sox2 is downregulated in tumor tissues compared to marginal nontumor samples (p < 0.001). Furthermore, NS suppression in the AGS cell line caused some morphological alterations, a cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, and an upregulation of iPS genes: Nanog, Sox2, and Klf4. Based on our results, NS overexpression seems to have a causative role in gastric tumorigenesis and/or progression, and it could be considered as a potential tumor marker for diagnosis, molecular classification, and molecular therapy of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malek Hossein Asadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
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Kim JH, Kim K, Youn BU, Lee J, Kim I, Shin HI, Akiyama H, Choi Y, Kim N. Kruppel-like factor 4 attenuates osteoblast formation, function, and cross talk with osteoclasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 204:1063-74. [PMID: 24616223 PMCID: PMC3998795 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201308102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
KLF4 controls bone homeostasis by negatively regulating both osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation. Osteoblasts not only control bone formation but also support osteoclast differentiation. Here we show the involvement of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. KLF4 was down-regulated by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) in osteoblasts. Overexpression of KLF4 in osteoblasts attenuated 1,25(OH)2D3-induced osteoclast differentiation in co-culture of mouse bone marrow cells and osteoblasts through the down-regulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) expression. Direct binding of KLF4 to the RANKL promoter repressed 1,25(OH)2D3-induced RANKL expression by preventing vitamin D receptor from binding to the RANKL promoter region. In contrast, ectopic overexpression of KLF4 in osteoblasts attenuated osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. KLF4 interacted directly with Runx2 and inhibited the expression of its target genes. Moreover, mice with conditional knockout of KLF4 in osteoblasts showed markedly increased bone mass caused by enhanced bone formation despite increased osteoclast activity. Thus, our data suggest that KLF4 controls bone homeostasis by negatively regulating both osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ha Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation and BK21 plus, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-746, Korea
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Ma Y, Shi Y, Li W, Sun A, Zang P, Zhang P. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate regulates the expression of Kruppel-like factor 4 through myocyte enhancer factor 2A. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:217-26. [PMID: 23884787 PMCID: PMC3933619 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant and free ion scavenger found in green tea, exhibits inhibitory effects on different stages of tumorigenesis. Within gastric cancer cells, the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is downregulated, and it is possible that EGCG exerts its anti-tumorigenic function through modulation of KLF4 expression. In order to examine the effects of EGCG on KLF4 in a gastric tumor model, we treated the gastric cancer cell line NCI-N87 with EGCG. We found that EGCG treatment results in increased expression of KLF4 and alters expression of the KLF4 target genes p21, CDK4, and cyclin D1. EGCG inhibits the growth of NCI-N87 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner through arresting the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining revealed that EGCG is able to promote apoptosis of NCI-N87 cells. The suppressive effects of EGCG on cell growth and cell cycle protein expression are eliminated by decreasing KLF4 mRNA using siRNA and are magnified by overexpressing KLF4. Using KLF4 reporter constructs, we verified that the elevated expression induced by EGCG was mediated by increasing levels of activated MEF2A, which bound to the promoter region of KLF4. Taken together, this is the first time that EGCG is reported to increase the expression of KLF4, suggesting a novel mechanisms in gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Ma
- />Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Youkui Shi
- />Department of Emergency Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenmei Li
- />Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aijuan Sun
- />Department of Anesthesia, Qingdao Orthopaedics and Traumatology Hospital, No. 122 Taidong San Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Zang
- />Department of Nursing, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peirong Zhang
- />Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of WeiFang Medical University, No. 465 Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong 261031 People’s Republic of China
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Xiao H, Li H, Yu G, Xiao W, Hu J, Tang K, Zeng J, He W, Zeng G, Ye Z, Xu H. MicroRNA-10b promotes migration and invasion through KLF4 and HOXD10 in human bladder cancer. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:1832-8. [PMID: 24573354 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of microRNA-10b (miR-10b) on cell migration and invasion in human bladder cancer (BC). Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-10b in BC cell lines. miR-10b mimics, the negative control for mimics, miR-10b inhibitor and the negative control for inhibitor were transfected into BC cell lines and the effects of miR-10b on the migration and invasion of cells were investigated through Transwell assay. Meanwhile, protein levels of KLF4, HOXD10, E-cadherin and MMP14 were measured. Luciferase assays were also performed to validate KLF4 and HOXD10 as miR-10b targets. In vivo metastasis assay was performed to validate if miR-10b can promote BC cell line metastasis in vivo. miR-10b is significantly upregulated in BC cell lines and metastatic tissues. Increased miR-10b expression significantly enhanced BC cell migration and invasion, while decreased miR-10b expression reduced cell migration and invasion. In vivo metastasis assay demonstrated that overexpression of miR-10b markedly promoted BC metastasis. Moreover, KLF4 and HOXD10 were identified as direct targets of miR-10b in BC cells. Silencing of KLF4 or HOXD10 recapitulated the pro-metastatic function. Furthermore, we found that E-cadherin and MMP14 may be the downstream factors of KLF4 and HOXD10 in the suppression of BC metastasis by miR-10b. These data suggest that miR-10b may function as oncogenes in BC cells. Targeting these novel strategies, inhibition of miR-10b/KLF4/E-cadherin axis and miR-10b/HOXD10/MMP14 axis may be helpful as a therapeutic approach to block BC cell metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Gan Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Translational Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Junhui Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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MicroRNA-29a promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating matrix metalloproteinase 2 and E-cadherin via KLF4. Br J Cancer 2013; 110:450-8. [PMID: 24281002 PMCID: PMC3899762 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Growing evidence suggests that miR-29a has an important role in regulating tumourigenesis and development of various types of cancer. However, the role and the underlying mechanism of miR-29a in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain largely unknown. Methods: MiR-29a targeted gene was identified by the luciferase assay and western blot. MiR-29a function was analysed by invasion assays and the orthotopic transplantation mouse model. The miR-29a pathway was assayed by real-time PCR, western blot and chip analysis. Results: KLF4 was identified as a direct target gene of miR-29a. MiR-29a promoted CRC cell invasion, which was blocked by re-expression of KLF4. In addition, MMP2 was identified as a novel direct target of KLF4. Both miR-29a overexpression and KLF4 knockdown promoted MMP2 expression but inhibited E-cadherin expression. Furthermore, clinical data indicated that both miR-29a high expression and KLF4 mRNA low expression were associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in CRC patients, and KLF4 protein expression was inversely correlated with MMP2 but positively correlated with E-cad protein expression. Conclusion: Increased expression of miR-29a promoted CRC metastasis by regulating MMP2/E-cad through direct targeting KLF4, which highlights the potential of the miR-29a inhibitor as a novel agent against CRC metastasis.
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Nam EH, Lee Y, Zhao XF, Park YK, Lee JW, Kim S. ZEB2–Sp1 cooperation induces invasion by upregulating cadherin-11 and integrin α5 expression. Carcinogenesis 2013; 35:302-14. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Hsu LS, Chan CP, Chen CJ, Lin SH, Lai MT, Hsu JD, Yeh KT, Soon MS. Decreased Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) expression may correlate with poor survival in gastric adenocarcinoma. Med Oncol 2013; 30:632. [PMID: 24105022 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) play either anti- or pro-proliferation roles in different human cancers. Here, we investigated the expression of KLF4 in gastric cancers and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival. KLF4 expression was measured in 118 surgical specimens by immunohistochemical microarray assay. No association of cytoplasmic KLF4 expression with gender, TNM status, stage, survival, and pathological type was found. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, significantly higher overall survival rate was observed in patients with high cytoplasmic KLF4 expression compared to low cytoplasmic KLF4 expression. Univariate analysis revealed that cytoplasmic KLF4 expression, grade, histological type, lymph node metastasis, and stages were correlated to longer overall survival. Our results suggest that KLF4 may play an anti-oncogenic role in gastric tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Li H, Wang J, Xiao W, Xia D, Lang B, Wang T, Guo X, Hu Z, Ye Z, Xu H. Epigenetic inactivation of KLF4 is associated with urothelial cancer progression and early recurrence. J Urol 2013; 191:493-501. [PMID: 24018236 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE KLF4 is a transcription factor with divergent functions in different malignancies. We analyzed KLF4 expression and DNA methylation, and their clinical relevance and biological function in urothelial cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry and Sequenom™ MassARRAY® were done to detect the expression and promoter methylation of KLF4 in urothelial cancer tissues. The association of the recurrence-free survival rate and decreased KLF4 or KLF4 methylation status was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression analysis and ROC assay. Lentivirus based KLF4 over expression and dsRNA mediated knockdown were used to detect KLF4 functions in urothelial cancer in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS KLF4 was down-regulated in urothelial cancer due to promoter hypermethylation. Each correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection of bladder cancer, which potentiates them as valuable predictive biomarkers for early recurrence. Moreover, in and ex vivo experiments showed that KLF4 suppressed urothelial cancer cell growth, migration and invasion inhibited the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSIONS KLF4 may function as a tumor suppressor gene in urothelial cancer since down-regulation of KLF4 by promoter hypermethylation would promote cancer progression. In addition, decreased expression of KLF4 or its promoter hypermethylation may have predictive value for early recurrence in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Urology and Helen-Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Xia
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lang
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Guo
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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46
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Ray A, Alalem M, Ray BK. Loss of epigenetic Kruppel-like factor 4 histone deacetylase (KLF-4-HDAC)-mediated transcriptional suppression is crucial in increasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in breast cancer. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:27232-27242. [PMID: 23926105 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.481184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is recognized as an important angiogenic factor that promotes angiogenesis in a series of pathological conditions, including cancer, inflammation, and ischemic disorders. We have recently shown that the inflammatory transcription factor SAF-1 is, at least in part, responsible for the marked increase of VEGF levels in breast cancer. Here, we show that SAF-1-mediated induction of VEGF is repressed by KLF-4 transcription factor. KLF-4 is abundantly present in normal breast epithelial cells, but its level is considerably reduced in breast cancer cells and clinical cancer tissues. In the human VEGF promoter, SAF-1- and KLF-4-binding elements are overlapping, whereas SAF-1 induces and KLF-4 suppresses VEGF expression. Ectopic overexpression of KLF-4 and RNAi-mediated inhibition of endogenous KLF-4 supported the role of KLF-4 as a transcriptional repressor of VEGF and an inhibitor of angiogenesis in breast cancer cells. We show that KLF-4 recruits histone deacetylases (HDACs) -2 and -3 at the VEGF promoter. Chronological ChIP assays demonstrated the occupancy of KLF-4, HDAC2, and HDAC3 in the VEGF promoter in normal MCF-10A cells but not in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. Co-transfection of KLF-4 and HDAC expression plasmids in breast cancer cells results in synergistic repression of VEGF expression and inhibition of angiogenic potential of these carcinoma cells. Together these results identify a new mechanism of VEGF up-regulation in cancer that involves concomitant loss of KLF-4-HDAC-mediated transcriptional repression and active recruitment of SAF-1-mediated transcriptional activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpana Ray
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211.
| | - Mohamed Alalem
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Bimal K Ray
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211.
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El-Karim EA, Hagos EG, Ghaleb AM, Yu B, Yang VW. Krüppel-like factor 4 regulates genetic stability in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:89. [PMID: 23919723 PMCID: PMC3750599 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a member of the KLF family of transcription factors and regulates proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and somatic cell reprogramming. Evidence also suggests that KLF4 is a tumor suppressor in certain cancers including colorectal cancer. We previously showed that KLF4 inhibits cell cycle progression following DNA damage and that mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) null for Klf4 are genetically unstable, as evidenced by increased rates of cell proliferation, and the presence of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), centrosome amplification, chromosome aberrations and aneuploidy. Methods To determine whether re-expression of Klf4 corrects the observed genetic instability in MEFs null for Klf4 (Klf4−/−), we transfected Klf4−/−MEFs with Klf4-expressing plasmids and compared the results to wild type (Klf4+/+) and untransfected or mock-transfected Klf4−/−MEFs. Results We show that overexpression of Klf4 in Klf4−/−MEFs reduced cell proliferation rates and the proportion of cells with DSBs, abnormal centrosome numbers, aneuploidy and micronuclei. In addition, Klf4-transfected Klf4−/−MEFs exhibited a more robust DNA damage repair response as demonstrated by the greater rate in disappearance of γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci following γ-irradiation. Conclusion Taken together these findings provide evidence that KLF4 plays a crucial role in the maintenance of genetic stability by modulating the DNA damage response and repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas A El-Karim
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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48
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Song E, Ma X, Li H, Zhang P, Ni D, Chen W, Gao Y, Fan Y, Pang H, Shi T, Ding Q, Wang B, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Attenuation of krüppel-like factor 4 facilitates carcinogenesis by inducing g1/s phase arrest in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67758. [PMID: 23861801 PMCID: PMC3702498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor with diverse functions in various cancer types; however, the function of KLF4 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) carcinogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we initially examined KLF4 expression by using a cohort of surgically removed ccRCC specimens and cell lines. Results indicated that the transcription and translation of KLF4 were lower in ccRCC tissues than in patient-matched normal tissues. Furthermore, the KLF4 expression was significantly downregulated in the five ccRCC cell lines at protein and mRNA levels compared with that in normal renal proximal tubular epithelial cell lines (HKC). KLF4 downregulation was significantly correlated with tumor stage and tumor diameter. Promoter hypermethylation may contribute to its low expression. In addition, in vitro studies indicated that the KLF4 overexpression significantly inhibited proliferation in human ccRCC cell lines 786-O and ACHN. Moreover, the KLF4 overexpression arrested the cell cycle progress at the G1/S phase transition by upregulating p21WAF1/CIP1 expression and downregulating cyclin D1 expression, KLF4 knockdown in HKC cells did the opposite. In vivo studies confirmed the anti-proliferative effect of KLF4. Our results suggested that KLF4 had an important function in suppressing the growth of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlin Song
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA 211 Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhao Li
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Ni
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Chen
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Haigang Pang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Taoping Shi
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Baojun Wang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Wang F, Ma YL, Zhang P, Shen TY, Shi CZ, Yang YZ, Moyer MP, Zhang HZ, Chen HQ, Liang Y, Qin HL. SP1 mediates the link between methylation of the tumour suppressor miR-149 and outcome in colorectal cancer. J Pathol 2013; 229:12-24. [PMID: 22821729 DOI: 10.1002/path.4078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although recent studies indicate that DNA methylation contributes to the down-regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC), this field remains largely unexplored. To identify methylation-silenced miRNAs and clarify their role in CRC, we performed a microarray analysis and screened for miRNAs that were induced in CRC cells by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment or by the knockdown of DNA methyltransferases. The DNA methylation status of the candidate miRNA was analysed by bisulphite sequencing PCR and methylation-specific PCR. We found that miRNA-149 (miR-149) was epigenetically silenced in CRC and down-regulation of miR-149 was associated with hypermethylation of the neighbouring CpG island (CGI). Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the miR-149 level was markedly reduced in 51.6% of the CRC tissues compared with matched non-cancerous tissues. In addition, low expression of miR-149 was associated with a greater depth of invasion (p = 0.012), lower 5-year survival rate (p = 0.025), and was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (p = 0.016) in a multivariate analysis. Moreover, transfection of miR-149 inhibited cell growth and invasion of CRC cells in vitro. We also identified mRNA for Specificity Protein 1 (SP1, Sp1), a potential oncogenic protein, as a target of miR-149. Our data suggest that, as a methylation-sensitive miRNA, miR-149 may play an important role as a tumour suppressor in CRC, which has prognostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang N, Zhang J, Wang ZW, Zha L, Huang Z. Altered expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 and β-catenin in human gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2012; 3:1017-1022. [PMID: 22783383 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of the interaction between KLF4 and β-catenin may be significant in human carcinogenesis and tumor development. This study aimed to determine whether the expression of KLF4 and β-catenin in gastric cancer tissues is associated with clinicopathological characteristics. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect KLF4 and β-catenin expression in tumor and corresponding non-cancerous tissues from 49 patients. The data revealed that KLF4 expression was significantly reduced in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. By contrast, the expression of the β-catenin protein was significantly increased in all tumor tissues, but was not expressed in distant normal mucosae. The altered expression of the KLF4 and β-catenin proteins was associated with advanced tumor stage and gastric cancer. In addition, the expression of the KLF4 and β-catenin proteins was inversely associated in moderately differentiated human gastric cancers. This study showed that β-catenin expression is significantly increased and KLF4 protein expression is markedly decreased in gastric cancer tissues, thus showing that the expression of KLF4 is inversely correlated with that of β-catenin in gastric cancer. The altered expression of the two proteins is associated with advanced tumor stage in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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