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Thi HV, Ngo AD, Chu DT. Epigenetic regulation in ovarian cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 387:77-98. [PMID: 39179349 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the diseases that have the highest mortality rate for women, especially women over 50 years old. In the future, incidence and mortality rates are predicted to extend in countries with low HDI. Instability in the structure and function of genetic factors has long been known as a cause of cancer, including ovarian cancer. Besides understanding gene mutations, epigenetic alterations have emerged as another aspect leading to the pathogenesis of ovarian neoplasm. The development and progression of this fatal disease have been found to be associated with abnormalities of epigenetic regulation. DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs-based gene silencing are processes of interest in developing ovarian carcinoma and are also new targets for cancer detection or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hue Vu Thi
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh-Dao Ngo
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dinh-Toi Chu
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Adu-Gyamfi EA, Cheeran EA, Salamah J, Lee BK. Long noncoding RNA H19 in ovarian biology and placenta development. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3907. [PMID: 38269505 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
As the first long noncoding RNA to be discovered, H19 has gained substantial attention as a key regulator of several biological processes and its roles in female reproductive biology are gradually getting revealed. Herein, we have summarized the current evidence regarding H19 expression pattern and involvement in the developmental and pathological processes associated with the ovary and the placenta. The findings indicate that within the ovaries, H19 is expressed in the antral and cystic atretic follicles as well as in the corpora lutea but absent in the primordial, primary, and secondary follicles. Its normal expression promotes the maturation of antral follicles and prevents their premature selection for the ovulatory journey while its aberrant induction promotes polycystic ovary syndrome development and ovarian cancer metastasis. In the placenta, H19 is highly expressed in the cytotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts but weakly expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast layer and potentially controls trophoblast cell fate decisions during placenta development. Abnormal expression of H19 is observed in the placental villi of pregnancies affected by pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Therefore, dysregulated H19 is a candidate biomarker and therapeutic target for the mitigation of ovarian and placenta-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Elisha Ann Cheeran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Joudi Salamah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Bum-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
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Scalia P, Williams SJ, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Human IGF2 Gene Epigenetic and Transcriptional Regulation: At the Core of Developmental Growth and Tumorigenic Behavior. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1655. [PMID: 37371750 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the human IGF2 gene displays multiple layers of control, which secures a genetically and epigenetically predetermined gene expression pattern throughout embryonal growth and postnatal life. These predominantly nuclear regulatory mechanisms converge on the function of the IGF2-H19 gene cluster on Chromosome 11 and ultimately affect IGF2 gene expression. Deregulation of such control checkpoints leads to the enhancement of IGF2 gene transcription and/or transcript stabilization, ultimately leading to IGF-II peptide overproduction. This type of anomaly is responsible for the effects observed in terms of both abnormal fetal growth and increased cell proliferation, typically observed in pediatric overgrowth syndromes and cancer. We performed a review of relevant experimental work on the mechanisms affecting the human IGF2 gene at the epigenetic, transcriptional and transcript regulatory levels. The result of our work, indeed, provides a wider and diversified scenario for IGF2 gene activation than previously envisioned by shedding new light on its extended regulation. Overall, we focused on the functional integration between the epigenetic and genetic machinery driving its overexpression in overgrowth syndromes and malignancy, independently of the underlying presence of loss of imprinting (LOI). The molecular landscape provided at last strengthens the role of IGF2 in cancer initiation, progression and malignant phenotype maintenance. Finally, this review suggests potential actionable targets for IGF2 gene- and regulatory protein target-degradation therapies.
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Key Words
- (IGF2/H19) IG-DMR, intergenic differentially methylated region
- BWS, Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
- CCD, centrally conserved domain
- CNV, copy number variation
- CTCF, CCCTC binding factor
- DMD, differentially methylated domain
- DMR, differentially methylated region
- GOM, gain of methylation
- ICR1, imprinting control region 1
- IGF-II, insulin-like growth factor-2 peptide
- IGF2, insulin-like growth factor 2 gene
- LOI, loss of imprinting
- LOM, loss of methylation
- MOI, maintenance of imprinting
- SRS, Silver Russel Syndrome
- TF: transcription factor
- UPD, uniparental disomy
- WT1, Wilms Tumor protein 1
- mRNA transcript
- p0–p4: IGF2 promoters 0–4
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Scalia
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA, and 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy
- Sbarro Cancer Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, CST, Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Stephen J Williams
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA, and 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy
- Sbarro Cancer Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, CST, Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Yoko Fujita-Yamaguchi
- Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Davoodvandi A, Nikfar B, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. Melatonin and cancer suppression: insights into its effects on DNA methylation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:73. [PMID: 36064311 PMCID: PMC9446540 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an important naturally occurring hormone in mammals. Melatonin-mediated biological effects include the regulation of circadian rhythms, which is important for optimal human health. Also, melatonin has a broad range of immunoenhancing actions. Moreover, its oncostatic properties, especially regarding breast cancer, involve a variety cancer-inhibitory processes and are well documented. Due to their promising effects on the prognosis of cancer patients, anti-cancer drugs with epigenetic actions have attracted a significant amount of attention in recent years. Epigenetic modifications of cancers are categorized into three major processes including non-coding RNAs, histone modification, and DNA methylation. Hence, the modification of the latter epigenetic event is currently considered an effective strategy for treatment of cancer patients. Thereby, this report summarizes the available evidence that investigated melatonin-induced effects in altering the status of DNA methylation in different cancer cells and models, e.g., malignant glioma and breast carcinoma. Also, we discuss the role of artificial light at night (ALAN)-mediated inhibitory effects on melatonin secretion and subsequent impact on global DNA methylation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Nikfar
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Kamrani S, Amirchaghmaghi E, Ghaffari F, Shahhoseini M, Ghaedi K. Altered gene expression of VEGF, IGFs and H19 lncRNA and epigenetic profile of H19-DMR region in endometrial tissues of women with endometriosis. Reprod Health 2022; 19:100. [PMID: 35459174 PMCID: PMC9034598 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01406-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometriosis, as chronic estrogen-dependent disease, is defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Proliferation of endometrial tissue and neoangiogenesis are critical factors in development of endometriosis. Hence, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as insulin‐like growth factor 1 and 2 (IGF1, 2) may be involved as inducers of cellular proliferation or neoangiogenesis. Imprinted long noncoding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) has been suggested to be involved in pathogenesis of endometriosis via regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation. Epigenetic aberrations appear to play an important role in its pathogenesis. The present study was designed to elucidate VEGF, IGF1, IGF2 and H19 lncRNA genes expression and epigenetic alterations of differentially methylated region (DMR) of H19 (H19-DMR) regulatory region in endometrial tissues of patients with endometriosis, in comparison with control women. Methods In this case–control study, 24 women with and without endometriosis were studied for the relative expression of VEGF, IGF1, IGF2 and H19 lncRNA genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Occupancy of the MeCP2 on DMR region of H19 gene was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by real-time PCR. Results Genes expression profile of H19, IGF1 and IGF2 was decreased in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues of endometriosis group, compared to the control tissues. Decreased expression of H19 in ectopic samples was significant in comparison with the controls (P < 0.05). Gene expression of VEGF was increased in eutopic tissues of endometriosis group, compared to control group. Whereas its expression level was lower in ectopic lesions versus eutopic and control endometrial samples. ChIP analysis revealed significant and nearly significant hypomethylation of H19-DMR region II in eutopic and ectopic samples, compared to the control group respectively. This epigenetic change was aligned with expression of IGF2. While methylation of H19-DMR region I was not significantly different between the eutopic, ectopic and control endometrial samples. Conclusion These data showed that VEGF, IGF1, IGF2 and H19 lncRNA genes expression and epigenetic alterations of H19 lncRNA have dynamic role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, specifically in the way that hypomethylation of H19-DMR region II can be involved in IGF2 dysregulation in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Kamrani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jerib Ave, Azadi Square, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Amirchaghmaghi
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Regenerative Biomedicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Ghaffari
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shahhoseini
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, P.O.Box: 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran. .,Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jerib Ave, Azadi Square, Isfahan, Iran.
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Exosomal miR-543 Inhibits the Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer by Targeting IGF2. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:2003739. [PMID: 35391781 PMCID: PMC8983272 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2003739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy worldwide. We aimed to illustrate the potential function and molecular mechanism of exosomal microRNA-543 (miR-543) in the oncogenesis and development of OvCa. Methods Differentially expressed microRNAs in exosomes derived from OvCa cell lines were identified by bioinformatic analysis and verified by RT-PCR. Cell proliferation ability was estimated by clonogenic and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assays in vitro and in vivo. Potential involved pathways and targets of exosomal miRNAs were analysed using DIANA and verified by pyrosequencing, glucose quantification, dual-luciferase reporter experiments, and functional rescue assays. Results Bioinformatic analysis identified miR-543 and its potential target genes involved in the cancer-associated proteoglycan pathway. The expression of miR-543 was significantly decreased in exosomes derived from OvCa cell lines, patient serum, and OvCa tissues, while the mRNA levels of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) were increased. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-543 resulted in the suppression of OvCa cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, miR-543 was significantly negatively correlated with IGF2 in OvCa tissues in comparison with paracarcinoma tissues. Notably, upregulation of miR-543 led to increased cell supernatant glucose levels and suppressed cell growth, which was rescued by overexpression of IGF2. Conclusions Exosomal miR-543 participates in the proteoglycan pathway to suppress cell proliferation by targeting IGF2 in OvCa.
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Rossetti MF, Varayoud J, Ramos JG. Steroidogenic enzymes in the hippocampus: Transcriptional regulation aspects. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 118:171-198. [PMID: 35180926 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurosteroids are steroids synthesized de novo from cholesterol in brain regions, and regulate processes associated with the development and functioning of the nervous system. Enzymes and proteins involved in the synthesis of these steroids have been detected in several brain regions, including hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex. Hippocampus has long been associated with learning and memory functions, while the loss of its functionality has been linked to neurodegenerative pathologies. In this sense, neurosteroids are critical for the maintenance of hippocampal functions and neuroprotective effects. Moreover, several factors have been shown to deregulate expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the rodent brain, including aging, enrichment experiences, diet habits, drug/alcohol consumption, hormone fluctuations, neurodegenerative processes and other diseases. These transcriptional deregulations are mediated mainly by transcription factors and epigenetic mechanisms. An epigenetic modification of chromatin involves changes in bases and associated proteins in the absence of changes in the DNA sequence. One of the most well-studied mechanisms related to gene silencing is DNA methylation, which involves a reversible addition of methyl groups in a cytosine base. Importantly, these epigenetic marks could be maintained over time and could be transmitted transgenerationally. The aim of this chapter is to present the most relevant steroidogenic enzymes described in rodent hippocampus; to discuss about their transcriptional regulation under different conditions; to show the main gene control regions and to propose DNA methylation as an epigenetic mechanism through which the expression of these enzymes could be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Rossetti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Varayoud
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorge Guillermo Ramos
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Nasrullah, Hussain A, Ahmed S, Rasool M, Shah AJ. DNA methylation across the tree of life, from micro to macro-organism. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1666-1685. [PMID: 34986742 PMCID: PMC8805842 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2014387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a process in which methyl (CH3) groups are added to the DNA molecule. The DNA segment does not change in the sequence, but DNA methylation could alter the action of DNA. Different enzymes like DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) take part in methylation of cytosine/adenine nucleosides in DNA. In prokaryotes, DNA methylation is performed to prevent the attack of phage and also plays a role in the chromosome replication and repair. In fungi, DNA methylation is studied to see the transcriptional changes, as in insects, the DNA methylation is not that well-known, it plays a different role like other organisms. In mammals, the DNA methylation is related to different types of cancers and plays the most important role in the placental development and abnormal DNA methylation connected with diseases like cancer, autoimmune diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrullah
- Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology & Biotechnology (Casvab), University of Baluchistan, Quetta- Pakistan. E-mails:
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Buitems, Quetta-Pakistan. E-mails:
| | - Sagheer Ahmed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan. E-mails:
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. E-mails:
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Comsats University, Abbottabad. E-mails:
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Shiek SS, Mani MS, Kabekkodu SP, Dsouza HS. Health repercussions of environmental exposure to lead: Methylation perspective. Toxicology 2021; 461:152927. [PMID: 34492314 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure has been a major public health concern for a long time now due to its permanent adverse effects on the human body. The process of lead toxicity has still not been fully understood, but recent advances in Omics technology have enabled researchers to evaluate lead-mediated alterations at the epigenome-wide level. DNA methylation is one of the widely studied and well-understood epigenetic modifications. Pb has demonstrated its ability to induce not just acute deleterious health consequences but also alters the epi-genome such that the disease manifestation happens much later in life as supported by Barkers Hypothesis of the developmental origin of health and diseases. Furthermore, these alterations are passed on to the next generation. Based on previous in-vivo, in-vitro, and human studies, this review provides an insight into the role of Pb in the development of several human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Sadiq Shiek
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Monica Shirley Mani
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Herman S Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Chianese A, Santella B, Ambrosino A, Stelitano D, Rinaldi L, Galdiero M, Zannella C, Franci G. Oncolytic Viruses in Combination Therapeutic Approaches with Epigenetic Modulators: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112761. [PMID: 34199429 PMCID: PMC8199618 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer rates have been accelerating significantly in recent years. Despite notable advances having been made in cancer therapy, and numerous studies being currently conducted in clinical trials, research is always looking for new treatment. Novel and promising anticancer therapies comprise combinations of oncolytic viruses and epigenetic modulators, including chromatin modifiers, such as DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylases, and microRNA. Combinatorial treatments have several advantages: they enhance viral entry, replication, and spread between proximal cells and, moreover, they strengthen the immune response. In this review we summarize the main combination of therapeutic approaches, giving an insight into past, present, and future perspectives. Abstract According to the World Cancer Report, cancer rates have been increased by 50% with 15 million new cases in the year 2020. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the only one of the most common tumors to cause a huge increase in mortality with a survival rate between 40% and 70% at 5 years, due to the high relapse and limitations associated with current therapies. Despite great progress in medicine, oncological research is always looking for new therapies: different technologies have been evaluated in clinical trials and others have been already used in clinics. Among them, oncolytic virotherapy represents a therapeutic option with a widespread possibility of approaches and applications. Oncolytic viruses are naturally occurring, or are engineered, viruses characterized by the unique features of preferentially infecting, replicating, and lysing malignant tumor cells, as well as activating the immune response. The combination of oncolytic virotherapy and chemical drugs are arousing great interest in the tumor treatment. In this scenario, novel and promising anticancer therapies comprise combinations of oncolytic viruses and epigenetic modulators or inhibitors of the signalling pathways. Combination treatments are required to improve the immune response and allow viral entry, replication, and diffusion between proximal cells. In this review, we summarize all combination therapies associated with virotherapy, including co-administered inhibitors of chromatin modifiers (combination strategies) and inserted target sites for miRNAs (recombination or arming strategies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (A.A.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Biagio Santella
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Ambrosino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (A.A.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Debora Stelitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (A.A.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (A.A.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (A.A.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (G.F.)
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (G.F.)
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II and Ischemic Stroke-A Prospective Observational Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060499. [PMID: 34072372 PMCID: PMC8230196 DOI: 10.3390/life11060499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) regulates prenatal brain development, but the role in adult brain function and injury is unclear. Here, we determined whether serum levels of IGF-II (s-IGF-II) are associated with mortality and functional outcome after ischemic stroke (IS). The study population comprised ischemic stroke cases (n = 492) and controls (n = 514) from the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS). Functional outcome was evaluated after 3 months and 2 years using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and additionally, survival was followed at a minimum of 7 years or until death. S-IGF-II levels were higher in IS cases both in the acute phase and at 3-month follow-up compared to controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The lowest quintile of acute s-IGF-II was, compared to the four higher quintiles, associated with an increased risk of post-stroke mortality (median follow-up 10.6 years, crude hazard ratio (HR) 2.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56–3.49, and fully adjusted HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.02–2.61). In contrast, crude associations with poor functional outcome (mRS 3–6) lost significance after full adjustment for covariates. In conclusion, s-IGF-II was higher in IS cases than in controls, and low acute s-IGF-II was an independent risk marker of increased mortality.
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Rossetti MF, Canesini G, Lorenz V, Milesi MM, Varayoud J, Ramos JG. Epigenetic Changes Associated With Exposure to Glyphosate-Based Herbicides in Mammals. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:671991. [PMID: 34093442 PMCID: PMC8177816 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.671991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate is a phosphonomethyl amino acid derivative present in a number of non-selective and systemic herbicides. During the last years the use of glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) has been increasing exponentially around the world, including Argentina. This fact added to the detection of glyphosate, and its main metabolite, amino methylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in environmental matrices such as soil, sediments, and food, has generated great concern about its risks for humans, animals, and environment. During the last years, there were controversy and intense debate regarding the toxicological effects of these compounds associated with the endocrine system, cancer, reproduction, and development. The mechanisms of action of GBH and their metabolites are still under investigation, although recent findings have shown that they could comprise epigenetic modifications. These are reversible mechanisms linked to tissue-specific silencing of gene expression, genomic imprinting, and tumor growth. Particularly, glyphosate, GBH, and AMPA have been reported to produce changes in global DNA methylation, methylation of specific genes, histone modification, and differential expression of non-coding RNAs in human cells and rodents. Importantly, the epigenome could be heritable and could lead to disease long after the exposure has ended. This mini-review summarizes the epigenetic changes produced by glyphosate, GBHs, and AMPA in humans and rodents and proposes it as a potential mechanism of action through which these chemical compounds could alter body functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Rossetti
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Guillermina Canesini
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Virginia Lorenz
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Mercedes Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Varayoud
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorge Guillermo Ramos
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Badarni M, Prasad M, Golden A, Bhattacharya B, Levin L, Yegodayev KM, Dimitstein O, Joshua BZ, Cohen L, Khrameeva E, Kong D, Porgador A, Braiman A, Grandis JR, Rotblat B, Elkabets M. IGF2 Mediates Resistance to Isoform-Selective-Inhibitors of the PI3K in HPV Positive Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092250. [PMID: 34067117 PMCID: PMC8125641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the current study, we delineate the molecular mechanisms of acquisition of resistance to two isoform-selective inhibitors of PI3K (isiPI3K), alpelisib and taselisib, in human papillomavirus positive head and neck cell lines. By comparing RNA sequencing of isiPI3K-sensitive tumor cells and their corresponding isiPI3K-acquired-resistant tumor cells, we found that overexpression of insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) is associated with the resistance phenotype. We further demonstrated by gain and loss of function studies that IGF2 plays a causative role in limiting the sensitivity of human papillomavirus-positive head and neck cell lines. Moreover, we show that blocking IGF2 stimulation activity, using an inhibitor of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), enhances isiPI3K efficacy and displays a synergistic anti-tumor effect in vitro and superior anti-tumor activity ex vivo and in vivo. Abstract Over 50% of human papilloma positive head-and-neck cancer (HNCHPV+) patients harbor genomic-alterations in PIK3CA, leading to hyperactivation of the phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Nevertheless, despite PI3K pathway activation in HNCHPV+ tumors, the anti-tumor activities of PI3K pathway inhibitors are moderate, mostly due to the emergence of resistance. Thus, for potent and long-term tumor management, drugs blocking resistance mechanisms should be combined with PI3K inhibitors. Here, we delineate the molecular mechanisms of the acquisition of resistance to two isoform-selective inhibitors of PI3K (isiPI3K), alpelisib (BYL719) and taselisib (GDC0032), in HNCHPV+ cell lines. By comparing the transcriptional landscape of isiPI3K-sensitive tumor cells with that of their corresponding isiPI3K-acquired-resistant tumor cells, we found upregulation of insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) in the resistant cells. Mechanistically, we show that upon isiPI3K treatment, isiPI3K-sensitive tumor cells upregulate the expression of IGF2 to induce cell proliferation via the activation of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R). Stimulating tumor cells with recombinant IGF2 limited isiPI3K efficacy and released treated cells from S phase arrest. Knocking-down IGF2 with siRNA, or blocking IGF1R with AEW541, resulted in superior anti-tumor activity of isiPI3K in vitro and ex vivo. In vivo, the combination of isiPI3K and IGF1R inhibitor induced stable disease in mice bearing either tumors generated by the HNCHPV+ UM-SCC47 cell line or HPV+ patient-derived xenografts. These findings indicate that IGF2 and the IGF2/IGF1R pathway may constitute new targets for combination therapies to enhance the efficacy of PI3K inhibitors for the treatment of HNCHPV+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Badarni
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
| | - Manu Prasad
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
| | - Artemiy Golden
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Baisali Bhattacharya
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
| | - Liron Levin
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ksenia M. Yegodayev
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
| | - Orr Dimitstein
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ben-Zion Joshua
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Barzilay Medical Center, Ashkelon 7830604, Israel
| | - Limor Cohen
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
| | - Ekaterina Khrameeva
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Dexin Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
| | - Alex Braiman
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
| | - Jennifer R. Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Barak Rotblat
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (M.E.); Tel.: +972-(0)8-6428806 (B.R.); +972-86428846 (M.E.)
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.B.); (M.P.); (B.B.); (K.M.Y.); (L.C.); (A.P.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (O.D.); (B.-Z.J.)
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (M.E.); Tel.: +972-(0)8-6428806 (B.R.); +972-86428846 (M.E.)
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Saddozai UAK, Wang F, Cheng Y, Lu Z, Akbar MU, Zhu W, Li Y, Ji X, Guo X. Gene expression profile identifies distinct molecular subtypes and potential therapeutic genes in Merkel cell carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100816. [PMID: 32771971 PMCID: PMC7412862 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare primary cutaneous neoplasm of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. About 80% of the MCC occurs due to Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and 20% of the tumors usually occur due to severe UV exposure which is a more aggressive type of MCC. It tends to have an increased incidence rate among elderly and immunosuppressed individuals. On therapeutic level, sub-classification of MCC through molecular subtyping has emerged as a promising technique for MCC prognosis. In current study, two consistent distinct molecular subtypes of MCCs were identified using gene expression profiling data. Subtypes I MCCs were associated with spliceosome, DNA replication and cellular pathways. On the other hand, genes overexpressed in subtype II were found active in TNF signalling pathway and MAPK signalling pathway. We proposed different therapeutic targets based on subtype specificity, such as PTCH1, CDKN2A, AURKA in case of subtype I and MCL1, FGFR2 for subtype II. Such findings may provide fruitful knowledge to understand the intrinsic subtypes of MCCs and the pathways involved in distinct subtype oncogenesis, and will further advance the knowledge in developing a specific therapeutic strategy for these MCC subtypes. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) a rare and highly aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin Sub-classification of MCC through molecular subtyping Identification of two distinct molecular subtypes of MCCs using gene expression profiling data Classification of different therapeutic targets based on subtype specificity
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Ali Khan Saddozai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Fengling Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Pharmacy Department, Luoyang maternal and Child Health Hospital, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zhang Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Muhammad Usman Akbar
- Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Wan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xinying Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Hu Q, Ao Q, Tan Y, Gan X, Luo Y, Zhu J. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and RNA Analysis Reveal Potential Mechanism of Resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae in GIFT Strain of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ). THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:3182-3190. [PMID: 32332111 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is an important pathogenic bacterium causing great economic loss in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture. Resistant and susceptible groups sharing the same genome showed significantly different resistance to S. agalactiae in the genetically improved farmed tilapia strain of Nile tilapia. The resistance mechanism is unclear. We determined genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in spleen of resistant and susceptible O. niloticus at 5 h postinfection with S. agalactiae using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. The methylation status was higher in the spleen samples from resistant fish than in the susceptible group. A total of 10,177 differentially methylated regions were identified in the two groups, including 3725 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) (3129 hyper-DMGs and 596 hypo-DMGs). The RNA sequencing showed 2374 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 1483 upregulated and 891 downregulated. Integrated analysis showed 337 overlapping DEGs and DMGs and 82 overlapping DEGs and differentially methylated region promoters. By integrating promoter DNA methylation with gene expression, we revealed four immune-related genes (Arnt2, Nhr38, Pcdh10, and Ccdc158) as key factors in epigenetic mechanisms contributing to pathogen resistance. Our study provided systematic methylome maps to explore the epigenetic mechanism and reveal the methylation loci of pathogen resistance and identified methylation-regulated genes that are potentially involved in defense against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomu Hu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430223, China; and
| | - Qiuwei Ao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yun Tan
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xi Gan
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yongju Luo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jiajie Zhu
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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Argyraki M, Damdimopoulou P, Chatzimeletiou K, Grimbizis GF, Tarlatzis BC, Syrrou M, Lambropoulos A. In-utero stress and mode of conception: impact on regulation of imprinted genes, fetal development and future health. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 25:777-801. [PMID: 31633761 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic gene regulatory mechanism; disruption of this process during early embryonic development can have major consequences on both fetal and placental development. The periconceptional period and intrauterine life are crucial for determining long-term susceptibility to diseases. Treatments and procedures in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and adverse in-utero environments may modify the methylation levels of genomic imprinting regions, including insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)/H19, mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST), and paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10), affecting the development of the fetus. ART, maternal psychological stress, and gestational exposures to chemicals are common stressors suspected to alter global epigenetic patterns including imprinted genes. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Our objective is to highlight the effect of conception mode and maternal psychological stress on fetal development. Specifically, we monitor fetal programming, regulation of imprinted genes, fetal growth, and long-term disease risk, using the imprinted genes IGF2/H19, MEST, and PEG10 as examples. The possible role of environmental chemicals in genomic imprinting is also discussed. SEARCH METHODS A PubMed search of articles published mostly from 2005 to 2019 was conducted using search terms IGF2/H19, MEST, PEG10, imprinted genes, DNA methylation, gene expression, and imprinting disorders (IDs). Studies focusing on maternal prenatal stress, psychological well-being, environmental chemicals, ART, and placental/fetal development were evaluated and included in this review. OUTCOMES IGF2/H19, MEST, and PEG10 imprinted genes have a broad developmental effect on fetal growth and birth weight variation. Their disruption is linked to pregnancy complications, metabolic disorders, cognitive impairment, and cancer. Adverse early environment has a major impact on the developing fetus, affecting mostly growth, the structure, and subsequent function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neurodevelopment. Extensive evidence suggests that the gestational environment has an impact on epigenetic patterns including imprinting, which can lead to adverse long-term outcomes in the offspring. Environmental stressors such as maternal prenatal psychological stress have been found to associate with altered DNA methylation patterns in placenta and to affect fetal development. Studies conducted during the past decades have suggested that ART pregnancies are at a higher risk for a number of complications such as birth defects and IDs. ART procedures involve multiple steps that are conducted during critical windows for imprinting establishment and maintenance, necessitating long-term evaluation of children conceived through ART. Exposure to environmental chemicals can affect placental imprinting and fetal growth both in humans and in experimental animals. Therefore, their role in imprinting should be better elucidated, considering the ubiquitous exposure to these chemicals. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Dysregulation of imprinted genes is a plausible mechanism linking stressors such as maternal psychological stress, conception using ART, and chemical exposures with fetal growth. It is expected that a greater understanding of the role of imprinted genes and their regulation in fetal development will provide insights for clinical prevention and management of growth and IDs. In a broader context, evidence connecting impaired imprinted gene function to common diseases such as cancer is increasing. This implies early regulation of imprinting may enable control of long-term human health, reducing the burden of disease in the population in years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Argyraki
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pauliina Damdimopoulou
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, K57 Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katerina Chatzimeletiou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit for Human Reproduction, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigoris F Grimbizis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit for Human Reproduction, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Basil C Tarlatzis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit for Human Reproduction, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Syrrou
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Dourouti University Campus, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandros Lambropoulos
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Chen Y, Hesla AC, Lin Y, Ghaderi M, Liu M, Yang C, Zhang Y, Tsagkozis P, Larsson O, Haglund F. Transcriptome profiling of Ewing sarcomas - treatment resistance pathways and IGF-dependency. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1101-1117. [PMID: 32115849 PMCID: PMC7191197 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcomas (ESs) are aggressive sarcomas driven by EWS fusion genes. We sought to investigate whether whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) could be used to detect patterns associated with chemotherapy response or tumor progression after first-line treatment. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of 13 ES cases was performed. Among the differentially expressed pathways, we identified IGF2 expression as a potential driver of chemotherapy response and progression. We investigated the effect of IGF2 on proliferation, radioresistance, apoptosis, and the transcriptome pattern in four ES cell lines and the effect of IGF2 expression in a validation series of 14 patients. Transcriptome analysis identified differentially expressed genes (adj. P < 0.005) and pathways associated with chemotherapy response (285 genes), short overall survival (662 genes), and progression after treatment (447 genes). Imprinting independent promoter P3-mediated IGF2 expression was identified in a subset of cases with aggressive clinical course. In ES cell lines, IGF2 induced proliferation, but promoted radioresistance only in CADO cells. High IGF2 expression was also significantly associated with shorter overall survival in patients with ES. Transcriptome analysis of the clinical samples and the cell lines revealed an IGF-dependent signature, potentially related to a stem cell-like phenotype. Transcriptome analysis is a potentially powerful complementary tool to predict the clinical behavior of ES and may be utilized for clinical trial stratification strategies and personalized oncology. Certain gene signatures, for example, IGF-related pathways, are coupled to biological functions that could be of clinical importance. Finally, our results indicate that IGF inhibition may be successful as a first-line therapy in conjunction with conventional radiochemotherapy for a subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Asle C Hesla
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yingbo Lin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mehran Ghaderi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mingzhi Liu
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Panagiotis Tsagkozis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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Correlation between polymorphisms in IGF2/H19 gene locus and epithelial ovarian cancer risk in Chinese population. Genomics 2020; 112:2510-2515. [PMID: 32045670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the association between SNPs in human IGF2/H19 gene locus and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk, we performed a case-control study in 422 individuals (219 EOC patients and 203 cancer-free controls). Four SNPs (rs2525885, rs2839698, rs3741206, rs3741219) were found to be related with EOC risk. Specifically, the minor allele C of rs2525885 and allele A of rs2839698 was associated with elevated EOC genetic susceptibility under both dominant and recessive models (TC + CC vs TT: adjusted OR: 1.61, P = .031; CC vs TT + TC: adjusted OR: 4.87, P = .014; GA + AA vs GG: adjusted OR: 1.63, P = .023; AA vs GG + GA: adjusted OR: 2.43, P = .007). For rs3741206, the genotype TC + CC was associated with a significant decrease in EOC risk with the TT genotype as reference in a dominant genetic model (adjusted OR: 0.44, P = .003), while for rs3741219, genotype AA was associated with a 59% decrease in EOC risk only in the recessive model (adjusted OR: 0.41, P = .038). In the stratified analysis, an increased risk associated with the variant genotypes was observed in only subjects aged >47 years for rs2525885 (adjusted OR = 2.04, P = .024), rs2839698 (adjusted OR = 2.50, P = .047) and rs3741206 (adjusted OR = 0.37, P = .009), respectively. What's more, the TC + CC genotype of rs2525885 was significantly associated with advanced FIGO stage (III vs II, adjusted OR = 2.73, P = .040).
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20
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Yi T, Wang T, Shi Y, Peng X, Tang S, Zhong L, Chen Y, Li Y, He K, Wang M, Zhao H, Li Q. Long noncoding RNA 91H overexpression contributes to the growth and metastasis of HCC by epigenetically positively regulating IGF2 expression. Liver Int 2020; 40:456-467. [PMID: 31724285 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Long noncoding RNA 91H is transcribed from the H19/IGF2 locus and contributes to the development of breast and oesophagus cancers by regulating the expression of IGF2, but the regulation mechanism remains poorly characterized. Here, we explored the role of 91H in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanism of IGF2 expression regulation by 91H. METHODS Firstly, the expression of 91H was analysed in HCC by quantitative RT-PCR, the association of 91H with survival was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the effect of 91H on the growth and invasion of HCC was investigated by the in vitro and in vivo studies. Then, the association of 91H with the expression of IGF2 was evaluated in HCC tissues, and the effect of 91H on the expression of IGF2 was investigated by 91H knockdown. Finally, the binding of RBBP5 to 91H and the binding of RBBP5, activating H3K4me3 mark and repressive H3K27me3 mark to the P3 and P4 promoters of IGF2 gene were studied by RIP and ChIP respectively. RESULTS The overexpression of 91H was found in HCC and in association with the growth, metastasis and shorter survival time of HCC. The knockdown of 91H down-regulated the IGF2 expression in HCC, and the mechanism was correlated with the decreased enrichment of RBBP5 and H3K4me3 and increased enrichment of H3K27me3 at the bivalent P3 and P4 promoters. CONCLUSIONS The overexpression of 91H promotes tumour growth and metastasis, and is associated with a poor prognosis of HCC at least partially by positively regulating the expression of IGF2 through bivalent histone modification changes characterized by H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 at the P3 and P4 promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhuang Yi
- Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, BaiSe, P. R. China
| | - Tonghua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, BaiSe, P. R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shaohui Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, BaiSe, P. R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Interventional vascular surgery, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, P. R. China
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21
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Singh A, Gupta S, Sachan M. Epigenetic Biomarkers in the Management of Ovarian Cancer: Current Prospectives. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:182. [PMID: 31608277 PMCID: PMC6761254 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) causes significant morbidity and mortality as neither detection nor screening of OC is currently feasible at an early stage. Difficulty to promptly diagnose OC in its early stage remains challenging due to non-specific symptoms in the early-stage of the disease, their presentation at an advanced stage and poor survival. Therefore, improved detection methods are urgently needed. In this article, we summarize the potential clinical utility of epigenetic signatures like DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA dysregulation, which play important role in ovarian carcinogenesis and discuss its application in development of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Molecular characterization of epigenetic modification (methylation) in circulating cell free tumor DNA in body fluids offers novel, non-invasive approach for identification of potential promising cancer biomarkers, which can be performed at multiple time points and probably better reflects the prevailing molecular profile of cancer. Current status of epigenetic research in diagnosis of early OC and its management are discussed here with main focus on potential diagnostic biomarkers in tissue and body fluids. Rapid and point of care diagnostic applications of DNA methylation in liquid biopsy has been precluded as a result of cumbersome sample preparation with complicated conventional methods of isolation. New technologies which allow rapid identification of methylation signatures directly from blood will facilitate sample-to answer solutions thereby enabling next-generation point of care molecular diagnostics. To date, not a single epigenetic biomarker which could accurately detect ovarian cancer at an early stage in either tissue or body fluid has been reported. Taken together, the methodological drawbacks, heterogeneity associated with ovarian cancer and non-validation of the clinical utility of reported potential biomarkers in larger ovarian cancer populations has impeded the transition of epigenetic biomarkers from lab to clinical settings. Until addressed, clinical implementation as a diagnostic measure is a far way to go.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
| | - Sameer Gupta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Manisha Sachan
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India
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22
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Alur VC, Raju V, Vastrad B, Vastrad C. Mining Featured Biomarkers Linked with Epithelial Ovarian CancerBased on Bioinformatics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:diagnostics9020039. [PMID: 30970615 PMCID: PMC6628368 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the18th most common cancer worldwide and the 8th most common in women. The aim of this study was to diagnose the potential importance of, as well as novel genes linked with, EOC and to provide valid biological information for further research. The gene expression profiles of E-MTAB-3706 which contained four high-grade ovarian epithelial cancer samples, four normal fallopian tube samples and four normal ovarian epithelium samples were downloaded from the ArrayExpress database. Pathway enrichment and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, microRNA-target gene regulatory network and TFs (transcription factors) -target gene regulatory network for up- and down-regulated were analyzed using Cytoscape. In total, 552 DEGs were found, including 276 up-regulated and 276 down-regulated DEGs. Pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that most DEGs were significantly enriched in chemical carcinogenesis, urea cycle, cell adhesion molecules and creatine biosynthesis. GO enrichment analysis showed that most DEGs were significantly enriched in translation, nucleosome, extracellular matrix organization and extracellular matrix. From protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis, modules, microRNA-target gene regulatory network and TFs-target gene regulatory network for up- and down-regulated, and the top hub genes such as E2F4, SRPK2, A2M, CDH1, MAP1LC3A, UCHL1, HLA-C (major histocompatibility complex, class I, C), VAT1, ECM1 and SNRPN (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N) were associated in pathogenesis of EOC. The high expression levels of the hub genes such as CEBPD (CCAAT enhancer binding protein delta) and MID2 in stages 3 and 4 were validated in the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. CEBPD andMID2 were associated with the worst overall survival rates in EOC. In conclusion, the current study diagnosed DEGs between normal and EOC samples, which could improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in the progression of EOC. These new key biomarkers might be used as therapeutic targets for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Chandra Alur
- Department of Endocrinology, J.J. M Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka 577004, India.
| | - Varshita Raju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, J.J. M Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka 577004, India.
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SET`S College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, Karnataka 580002, India.
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics,Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar,Dharwad, Karanataka 580001, India.
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23
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Ni W, Pan C, Pan Q, Fei Q, Huang X, Zhang C. Methylation levels of
IGF2
and
KCNQ1
in spermatozoa from infertile men are associated with sperm DNA damage. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13239. [PMID: 30680773 DOI: 10.1111/and.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wuhua Ni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University (Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region) Nanjing China
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Chengshuang Pan
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Qiongqiong Pan
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Qianjin Fei
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou China
| | - Chunni Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University (Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region) Nanjing China
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24
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Hidaka H, Higashimoto K, Aoki S, Mishima H, Hayashida C, Maeda T, Koga Y, Yatsuki H, Joh K, Noshiro H, Iwakiri R, Kawaguchi A, Yoshiura KI, Fujimoto K, Soejima H. Comprehensive methylation analysis of imprinting-associated differentially methylated regions in colorectal cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:150. [PMID: 30509319 PMCID: PMC6278095 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imprinted genes are regulated by DNA methylation at imprinting-associated differentially methylated regions (iDMRs). Abnormal expression of imprinted genes is implicated in imprinting disorders and tumors. In colorectal cancer (CRC), methylation and imprinting status of the IGF2/H19 domain have been studied. However, no comprehensive methylation analysis of iDMRs in CRC has been reported. Furthermore, the relationship between iDMR methylation status and other methylation-related issues, such as CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) and long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) methylation, remains unclear. RESULTS We analyzed the methylation status of 38 iDMRs in 106 CRC patients. We also investigated CIMP, LINE-1 methylation, KRAS and BRAF gene mutations, and loss of imprinting (LOI) of IGF2. We further examined the relationship between these factors and clinicopathological factors. The overall trend in iDMR methylation was towards hypermethylation, and iDMRs could be grouped into three categories: susceptible, resistant, and intermediate-to-aberrant methylation. The susceptible and resistant iDMRs consisted of all types of iDMR (gametic and somatic, maternally and paternally methylated). Hypermethylation of multiple iDMRs (HyMiD)-positive status was statistically associated with CIMP-positive status, but not associated with mutations in the BRAF and KRAS genes. HyMiD-positive status was inversely associated with LINE-1 methylation. Among four iDMRs within the IGF2/H19 domain, IGF2-DMR0 hypomethylation occurred most frequently, but was not associated with IGF2 LOI. Finally, we statistically calculated predictive prognostic scores based on aberrant methylation status of three iDMRs. CONCLUSION In CRC tissues, some iDMRs were susceptible to hypermethylation independent of the type of iDMR and genomic sequence. Although HyMiD-positive status was associated with CIMP-positive status, this was independent of the BRAF and KRAS pathways, which are responsible for CIMP. Since IGF2-DMR0 hypomethylation and aberrant methylation of other iDMRs within the IGF2/H19 domain were not associated with IGF2 LOI, dysfunction of any of the molecular components related to imprinting regulation may be involved in IGF2 LOI. The prognostic score calculated based on aberrant methylation of three iDMRs has potential clinical applications as a prognostic predictor in patients. Further study is required to understand the biological significance of, and mechanisms behind, aberrant methylation of iDMRs and IGF2 LOI in CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Hidaka
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Ken Higashimoto
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Saori Aoki
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Chisa Hayashida
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuo Koga
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yatsuki
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Joh
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Noshiro
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Iwakiri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Section of Clinical Cooperation System, Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Koh-Ichiro Yoshiura
- Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuma Fujimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Soejima
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
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25
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Goovaerts T, Steyaert S, Vandenbussche CA, Galle J, Thas O, Van Criekinge W, De Meyer T. A comprehensive overview of genomic imprinting in breast and its deregulation in cancer. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4120. [PMID: 30297886 PMCID: PMC6175939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting plays an important role in growth and development. Loss of imprinting (LOI) has been found in cancer, yet systematic studies are impeded by data-analytical challenges. We developed a methodology to detect monoallelically expressed loci without requiring genotyping data, and applied it on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, discovery) and Genotype-Tissue expression project (GTEx, validation) breast tissue RNA-seq data. Here, we report the identification of 30 putatively imprinted genes in breast. In breast cancer (TCGA), HM13 is featured by LOI and expression upregulation, which is linked to DNA demethylation. Other imprinted genes typically demonstrate lower expression in cancer, often associated with copy number variation and aberrant DNA methylation. Downregulation in cancer frequently leads to higher relative expression of the (imperfectly) silenced allele, yet this is not considered canonical LOI given the lack of (absolute) re-expression. In summary, our novel methodology highlights the massive deregulation of imprinting in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Goovaerts
- Department Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Steyaert
- Department Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chari A Vandenbussche
- Department Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Galle
- Department Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier Thas
- Department Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent - from Nucleotides to Networks (BIG N2N), Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Criekinge
- Department Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent - from Nucleotides to Networks (BIG N2N), Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim De Meyer
- Department Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent - from Nucleotides to Networks (BIG N2N), Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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26
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Henfling M, Perren A, Schmitt AM, Saddig CM, Starke AA, Riedl RG, Versleijen-Jonkers YMH, Sprij-Mooij DM, Ramaekers FCS, Hofland L, Speel EJM. The IGF pathway is activated in insulinomas but downregulated in metastatic disease. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:ERC-18-0222. [PMID: 30021864 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and molecular studies have implicated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in the regulation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) growth. Interpretation and comparison of these studies is complex due to clinical and molecular tumor heterogeneity. We therefore focused in this study on insulinomas, which we examined for mRNA and protein expression of EGFR, IGF and mTOR signaling pathway components by quantitative real-time PCR (n=48) and immunohistochemistry (n=86). Findings were compared with normal pancreatic islets and correlated with histopathological data and clinical outcome. Insulinomas showed low EGFR and high IGF2 expression. IGFBP2, IGFBP3 and IGFBP6 mRNA levels were 2-4 folds higher than in islets. High protein expression of IGF2, IGF1R and INSR (in 51-92% of the tumors) and low to moderate expression of mTORC1 pathway proteins p-PS6k and p-4EBP1 (7-28% of the tumors) were observed. Correlations were found between 1) ERK1 mRNA expression and that of numerous IGF pathway genes, 2) p-ERK and IGF1R protein expression and 3) decrease of IGF pathway components and both metastatic disease and shorter 10 years disease free survival. In conclusion, our observations suggest that high expression of IGF signaling pathway components is a hallmark of insulinomas, but does not necessarily lead to increased mTOR signaling. Reduced expression of IGF pathway components may be an adverse prognostic factor in insulinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Henfling
- M Henfling, Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University - Location Randwyck, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Aurel Perren
- A Perren, University of Bern, Institute of Pathology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anja Maria Schmitt
- A Schmitt, Department of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christiane M Saddig
- C Saddig, Insulinoma and GEP-Tumor Center Neuss-Düsseldorf, Klinik für Endokrine Chirurgie, Stadtische Kliniken Neuss Lukaskrankenhaus GmbH, Neuss, Germany
| | - Achim A Starke
- A Starke, Insulinoma and GEP-Tumor Center Neuss-Düsseldorf, Klinik für Endokrine Chirurgie, Stadtische Kliniken Neuss Lukaskrankenhaus GmbH, Neuss, Germany
| | - Robert G Riedl
- R Riedl, Pathology, Zuyderland Medisch Centrum Heerlen, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | | | - Diane M Sprij-Mooij
- D Sprij-Mooij, Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frans C S Ramaekers
- F Ramaekers, Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Leo Hofland
- L Hofland, Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ernst-Jan M Speel
- E Speel, Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
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27
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) refer to functional cellular RNAs molecules longer than 200 nucleotides in length. Unlike microRNAs, which have been widely studied, little is known about the enigmatic role of lncRNAs. However, lncRNAs have motivated extensively attention in the past few years and are emerging as potentially important regulators in pathological processes, including in cancer. We now understand that lncRNAs play role in cancer through their interactions with DNA, protein, and RNA in many instances. Moreover, accumulating evidence has recognized that large classes of lncRNAs are functional for ovarian cancer. Nevertheless, the biological phenomena and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in ovarian cancer remain to be better identified. In this review, we outline the dysregulated expression of lncRNAs and their potential clinical implications in ovarian cancer, with a particular emphasis on discussing the well characterized mechanisms underlying lncRNAs in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhan
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601 China
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28
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Kou N, Liu S, Li X, Li W, Zhong W, Gui L, Chai S, Ren X, Na R, Zeng T, Liu H. H19 Facilitates Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Migration and Invasion via Sponging miR-let-7. Oncol Res 2018. [PMID: 29523225 PMCID: PMC7848458 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15202945197589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been described to participate in the metastasis of various tumors. Nevertheless, whether H19 promotes or impedes tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cell migration and invasion remains controversial. Here we found that the expression of H19 was elevated in TSCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, we demonstrated that the expression of H19 was higher in metastasized tumors compared with unmetastasized tumors. Consistently, TSCC cells express higher levels of H19 than human squamous cells. Subsequently, depletion of H19 impaired the migration and invasion abilities of TSCC cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that H19 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miRNA let-7a, leading to an increase in a let-7a target, the key regulator of tumor metastasis HMGA2, which is enriched in TSCC tissues and cell lines. Intriguingly, inhibition of let-7a significantly rescued the short hairpin H19 (shH19)-induced decrease in TSCC migration and invasion. These findings revealed that the H19/let-7a/HMGA2/EMT axis plays a critical role in the regulation of TSCC migration and invasion, which may provide a new therapeutic target for TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Kou
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Sha Liu
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Wuwei Li
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Weijian Zhong
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Lin Gui
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Songling Chai
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ren
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Risu Na
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Liu
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
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29
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Abstract
Even though the importance of epigenetics was first recognized in light of its role in tissue development, an increasing amount of evidence has shown that it also plays an important role in the development and progression of many common diseases. We discuss some recent findings on one representative epigenetic modification, DNA methylation, in some common diseases. While many new risk factors have been identified through the population-based epigenetic epidemiologic studies on the role of epigenetics in common diseases, this relatively new field still faces many unique challenges. Here, we describe those promises and unique challenges of epigenetic epidemiological studies and propose some potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Liu
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Filippov-Levy N, Cohen-Schussheim H, Tropé CG, Hetland Falkenthal TE, Smith Y, Davidson B, Reich R. Expression and clinical role of long non-coding RNA in high-grade serous carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 148:559-566. [PMID: 29310950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To profile long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression at the various anatomic sites of high-grades serous carcinoma (HGSC) and in effusion-derived exosomes. METHODS LncRNA profiling was performed on 60 HGSC specimens, including 10 ovarian tumors, 10 solid metastases and 10 malignant effusions, as well as exosomes from 30 effusion supernatants. Anatomic site-related expression of ESRG, Link-A, GAS5, MEG3, GATS, PVT1 H19, Linc-RoR, HOTAIR and MALAT1 was validated by quantitative PCR and assessed for clinical relevance in a series of 77 HGSC effusions, 40 ovarian carcinomas, 21 solid metastases and 42 supernatant exosomes. RESULTS Significantly different (p<0.05) expression of 241, 406 and 3634 lncRNAs was found in comparative analysis of the ovarian tumors to solid metastases, effusions and exosomes, respectively. Cut-off at two-fold change in lncRNA expression identified 54 lncRNAs present at the 3 anatomic sites and in exosomes. Validation analysis showed significantly different expression of 5 of 10 lncRNAs in the 4 specimen groups (ESRG, Link-A, MEG3, GATS and PVT1, all p<0.001). Higher ESRG levels in HGSC effusions were associated with longer overall survival in the entire effusion cohort (p=0.023) and in patients with pre-chemotherapy effusions tapped at diagnosis (p=0.048). Higher Link-A levels were associated with better overall (p=0.015) and progression-free (p=0.023) survival for patients with post-chemotherapy effusions. Link-A was an independent prognostic marker in Cox multivariate analysis in the latter group (p=0.045). CONCLUSIONS We present the first evidence of differential LncRNA expression as function of anatomic site in HGSC. LncRNA levels in HGSC effusions are candidate prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Filippov-Levy
- Institute of Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Hallel Cohen-Schussheim
- Institute of Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Claes G Tropé
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Yoav Smith
- Genomic Data Analysis Unit, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Ben Davidson
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Reuven Reich
- Institute of Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Schagdarsurengin U, Lammert A, Schunk N, Sheridan D, Gattenloehner S, Steger K, Wagenlehner F, Dansranjavin T. Impairment of IGF2 gene expression in prostate cancer is triggered by epigenetic dysregulation of IGF2-DMR0 and its interaction with KLF4. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:40. [PMID: 29017567 PMCID: PMC5633889 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human cancer cells often exhibit impaired IGF2 expression and the underlying mechanisms are multifaceted and complex. Besides the well-known imprinting control region IGF2/H19-ICR, the involvement of a differentially methylated region in the promoter P0 of IGF2 gene (IGF2-DMR0) has been suggested. Here, we evaluate several mechanisms potentially leading to up- and/or down-regulation of IGF2 expression in prostate cancer and present a novel role of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) as a transcriptional regulator of IGF2 binding in IGF2-DMR0. Methods Putative binding sites for transcription factors were identified in IGF2-DMR0 using JASPAR CORE database. Gene expressions were analyzed by RT-qPCR in prostate carcinoma and adjacent benign prostate hyperplasia samples obtained by radical prostatectomy (86 RP-PCa and 47 RP-BPH) and BPH obtained by transurethral prostate resection (13 TUR-BPH). Pyrosequencing and qMSP were used for DNA methylation studies in IGF2-DMR0, IGF2/H19-ICR and Glutathione-S-transferase-P1 (GSTP1) promoter. Loss of imprinting (LOI) was analyzed by RFLP. Copy number variation (CNV) test was performed using qBiomarker CNV PCR Assay. KLF4-binding and histone-modifications were analyzed by ChIP-qPCR in prostate cancer cell lines exhibiting differentially methylated IGF2-DMR0 (LNCaP hypomethylated and DU145 hypermethylated). KLF4 protein was analyzed by western blot. Statistical associations of gene expression to methylation, IGF2 LOI and CNV were calculated by Mann-Whitney-U-test. Correlations between gene expression and methylation levels were evaluated by Spearman’s-Rank-Correlation-test. Results We found a significant reduction of IGF2 expression in the majority of RP-PCa and RP-BPH in comparison to TUR-BPH. Analyzing potential molecular reasons, we found in RP-PCa and RP-BPH in comparison to TUR-BPH a significant hypomethylation of IGF2-DMR0, which coincided with hypermethylation of GSTP1-promoter, a prominent marker of prostate tumors. In contrast, IGF2 LOI and CNV did not associate significantly with up- and/or down-regulation of IGF2 expression in prostate tumors. By analyzing IGF2-DMR0, we detected a consensus sequence for KLF4 with a z-score of 7.6. Interestingly, we found that KLF4 binds to hypomethylated (17%) IGF2-DMR0 enriched with H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 (LNCaP), but does not bind under hypermethylated (85%) and H3K4me3-enriched conditions (DU145). KLF4 expression was detected in TUR-BPH as well as in RP-BPH and RP-PCa and showed a highly significant correlation to IGF2 expression. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that in human prostate cancer the impairment of IGF2 expression is accompanied by hypomethylation of IGF2-DMR0. We revealed that KLF4 is a putative transcriptional regulator of IGF2, which binds in IGF2-DMR0 in dependence of the prevailing epigenetic state in this region. Herewith we provide complementary new insights into IGF2 dysregulation mechanisms as a critical process in prostate tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undraga Schagdarsurengin
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Epigenetics of Urogenital System, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Angela Lammert
- Department of Signal Transduction of Cellular Motility, Internal Medicine V, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Natalie Schunk
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Diana Sheridan
- Institute of Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Langhansstr. 10, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Gattenloehner
- Institute of Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Langhansstr. 10, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus Steger
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Molecular Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian Wagenlehner
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Temuujin Dansranjavin
- Clinic of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str. 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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Damaschke NA, Yang B, Bhusari S, Avilla M, Zhong W, Blute ML, Huang W, Jarrard DF. Loss of Igf2 Gene Imprinting in Murine Prostate Promotes Widespread Neoplastic Growth. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5236-5247. [PMID: 28775169 PMCID: PMC9741865 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Loss of imprinting (LOI) is an epigenetic event that relaxes an allele-specific restriction on gene expression. One gene that experiences LOI is the paracrine insulin-like growth factor IGF2, which occurs commonly in human prostate tissues during aging and tumorigenesis. However, the relationship between IGF2 LOI and prostate tumorigenesis has not been established functionally. In this study, we created a mouse model with CTCF-binding site mutations at the Igf2-H19 imprint control region that abolishes CTCF insulator activity, resulting in biallelic Igf2 expression that mimics increased levels seen with aging-induced LOI. We found that Igf2 LOI increased the prevalence and severity of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), a premalignant lesion. Engineering Nkx3.1 deficiency into our model increased the frequency of PIN lesions in an additive fashion. Prostates harboring LOI displayed increased MAPK signaling and epithelial proliferation. In human prostate tissue arrays, we documented a positive correlation in benign tissues of IGF2 levels with phospho-ERK and phospho-AKT levels. Overall, our results establish that Igf2 LOI is sufficient on its own to increase rates of neoplastic development in the prostate by upregulating critical cancer-associated signaling pathways. Cancer Res; 77(19); 5236-47. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A. Damaschke
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sachin Bhusari
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mele Avilla
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Weixiong Zhong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael L. Blute
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David F. Jarrard
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA, University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA Madison, WI, USA,Corresponding author: D.F. Jarrard, M.D, 7037 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792. Phone 608-252-0937, Fax (608)265-0614,
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McCullough LE, Miller EE, Calderwood LE, Shivappa N, Steck SE, Forman MR, A Mendez M, Maguire R, Fuemmeler BF, Kollins SH, D Bilbo S, Huang Z, Murtha AP, Murphy SK, Hébert JR, Hoyo C. Maternal inflammatory diet and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Circulating cytokines and genomic imprinting as potential regulators? Epigenetics 2017; 12:688-697. [PMID: 28678596 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1347241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammation during pregnancy alters homeostatic mechanisms of the developing fetus and has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. An anti-inflammatory diet could be a promising avenue to combat the pro-inflammatory state of pregnancy, particularly in obese women, but we lack mechanistic data linking this dietary pattern during pregnancy to inflammation and birth outcomes. In an ethnically diverse cohort of 1057 mother-child pairs, we estimated the relationships between dietary inflammatory potential [measured via the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII™)] and birth outcomes overall, as well as by offspring sex and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). In a subset of women, we also explored associations between E-DII, circulating cytokines (n = 105), and offspring methylation (n = 338) as potential modulators of these relationships using linear regression. Adjusted regression models revealed that women with pro-inflammatory diets had elevated rates of preterm birth among female offspring [β = -0.22, standard error (SE) = 0.07, P<0.01], but not male offspring (β=0.09, SE = 0.06, P<0.12) (Pinteraction = 0.003). Similarly, we observed pro-inflammatory diets were associated with higher rates of caesarean delivery among obese women (β = 0.17, SE = 0.08, P = 0.03), but not among women with BMI <25 kg/m2 (Pinteraction = 0.02). We observed consistent inverse associations between maternal inflammatory cytokine concentrations (IL-12, IL-17, IL-4, IL-6, and TNFα) and lower methylation at the MEG3 regulatory sequence (P<0.05); however, results did not support the link between maternal E-DII and circulating cytokines. We replicate work by others on the association between maternal inflammatory diet and adverse pregnancy outcomes and provide the first empirical evidence supporting the inverse association between circulating cytokine concentrations and offspring methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erline E Miller
- b Department of Epidemiology , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | | | - Nitin Shivappa
- c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,d Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,e Connecting Health Innovations LLC , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,d Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Michele R Forman
- f Department of Nutritional Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Michelle A Mendez
- g Department of Nutrition , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | - Rachel Maguire
- h Department of Biological Sciences , North Carolina State University, Raleigh , NC , USA
| | - Bernard F Fuemmeler
- i Department of Health Behavior and Policy , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Scott H Kollins
- j Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Staci D Bilbo
- k Department of Pediatrics , Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- l Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Amy P Murtha
- l Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- l Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - James R Hébert
- c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,d Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,e Connecting Health Innovations LLC , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- h Department of Biological Sciences , North Carolina State University, Raleigh , NC , USA
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Disparities in Cervical Cancer Incidence and Mortality: Can Epigenetics Contribute to Eliminating Disparities? Adv Cancer Res 2017; 133:129-156. [PMID: 28052819 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Screening for uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) followed by aggressive treatment has reduced invasive cervical cancer (ICC) incidence and mortality. However, ICC cases and carcinoma in situ (CIS) continue to be diagnosed annually in the United States, with minorities bearing the brunt of this burden. Because ICC peak incidence and mortality are 10-15 years earlier than other solid cancers, the number of potential years of life lost to this cancer is substantial. Screening for early signs of CIN is still the mainstay of many cervical cancer control programs. However, the accuracy of existing screening tests remains suboptimal. Changes in epigenetic patterns that occur as a result of human papillomavirus infection contribute to CIN progression to cancer, and can be harnessed to improve existing screening tests. However, this requires a concerted effort to identify the epigenomic landscape that is reliably altered by HPV infection specific to ICC, distinct from transient changes.
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Reid BM, Permuth JB, Chen YA, Teer JK, Monteiro AN, Chen Z, Tyrer J, Berchuck A, Chenevix-Trench G, Doherty JA, Goode EL, Iverson ES, Lawrenson K, Pearce CL, Pharoah PD, Phelan CM, Ramus SJ, Rossing MA, Schildkraut JM, Cheng JQ, Gayther SA, Sellers TA. Integration of Population-Level Genotype Data with Functional Annotation Reveals Over-Representation of Long Noncoding RNAs at Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility Loci. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:116-125. [PMID: 28035019 PMCID: PMC5312656 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple loci associated with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) susceptibility, but further progress requires integration of epidemiology and biology to illuminate true risk loci below genome-wide significance levels (P < 5 × 10-8). Most risk SNPs lie within non-protein-encoding regions, and we hypothesize that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes are enriched at EOC risk regions and represent biologically relevant functional targets. METHODS Using imputed GWAS data from about 18,000 invasive EOC cases and 34,000 controls of European ancestry, the GENCODE (v19) lncRNA database was used to annotate SNPs from 13,442 lncRNAs for permutation-based enrichment analysis. Tumor expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis was performed for sub-genome-wide regions (1 × 10-5 > P > 5 × 10-8) overlapping lncRNAs. RESULTS Of 5,294 EOC-associated SNPs (P < 1.0 × 10-5), 1,464 (28%) mapped within 53 unique lncRNAs and an additional 3,484 (66%) SNPs were correlated (r2 > 0.2) with SNPs within 115 lncRNAs. EOC-associated SNPs comprised 130 independent regions, of which 72 (55%) overlapped with lncRNAs, representing a significant enrichment (P = 5.0 × 10-4) that was more pronounced among a subset of 5,401 lncRNAs with active epigenetic regulation in normal ovarian tissue. EOC-associated lncRNAs and their putative promoters and transcription factors were enriched for biologically relevant pathways and eQTL analysis identified five novel putative risk regions with allele-specific effects on lncRNA gene expression. CONCLUSIONS lncRNAs are significantly enriched at EOC risk regions, suggesting a mechanistic role for lncRNAs in driving predisposition to EOC. IMPACT lncRNAs represent key candidates for integrative epidemiologic and functional studies. Further research on their biologic role in ovarian cancer is indicated. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(1); 116-25. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Reid
- Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Y. Ann Chen
- Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Jamie K. Teer
- Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Zhihua Chen
- Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Susan J. Ramus
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Jin Q. Cheng
- Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
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Martinez-Quetglas I, Pinyol R, Dauch D, Torrecilla S, Tovar V, Moeini A, Alsinet C, Portela A, Rodriguez-Carunchio L, Solé M, Lujambio A, Villanueva A, Thung S, Esteller M, Zender L, Llovet JM. IGF2 Is Up-regulated by Epigenetic Mechanisms in Hepatocellular Carcinomas and Is an Actionable Oncogene Product in Experimental Models. Gastroenterology 2016; 151:1192-1205. [PMID: 27614046 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Effective treatments are urgently needed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is usually diagnosed at advanced stages. Signaling via the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway is aberrantly activated in HCC by IGF2 overexpression. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism of IGF2 overexpression and its oncogenic activities and evaluate the anti-tumor effects of reducing IGF2 signaling. METHODS We obtained 228 HCC samples from patients who underwent liver resection, 168 paired non-tumor adjacent cirrhotic liver samples, and 10 non-tumor liver tissues from patients undergoing resection for hepatic hemangioma. We analyzed gene expression, microRNA, and DNA methylation profiles for all samples, focusing on genes in the IGF signaling pathway. IGF2 was expressed in SNU449 and PLC5 HCC cells and knocked down with small hairpin RNAs in Hep3B and Huh7 cell lines. We analyzed these cells for proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and colony formation. We performed studies in mice engineered to express Myc and Akt1 in liver, which develop liver tumors, with or without hepatic expression of Igf2. Mice with xenograft tumors grown from HCC cells were given a monoclonal antibody against IGF1 and IGF2 (xentuzumab), along with sorafenib; tumor growth was measured and tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblots. RESULTS Levels of IGF2 messenger RNA and protein were increased >20-fold in 15% of human HCC tissues compared with non-tumor liver tissues. Methylation at the fetal promoters of IGF2 was reduced in the HCC samples and cell lines that overexpressed IGF2, compared with those that did not overexpress this gene, and non-tumor tissues. Tumors that overexpressed IGF2 had gene expression patterns significantly associated with hepatic progenitor cell features, stellate cell activation, NOTCH signaling, and an aggressive phenotype (P < .0001). In mice engineered to express Myc and Akt1 in liver, co-expression of Igf2 accelerated formation of liver tumors, compared to mice with livers expressing only Myc and Akt1, and shortened survival times (P = .02). The antibody xentuzumab blocked phosphorylation of IGF1 receptor in HCC cell lines and reduced their proliferation and colony formation. In mice with xenograft tumors, injection of xentuzumab, with or without sorafenib, slowed tumor growth and increased survival times compared to vehicle or sorafenib alone. Xentuzumab inhibited phosphorylation of IGF1 receptor and AKT and reduced decreased tumor vascularization compared with vehicle. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of HCC samples were found to overexpress IGF2, via demethylation of its fetal promoter. Overexpression of IGF2 accelerates formation of liver tumors in mice with hepatic expression of MYC and AKT1, via activation of IGF1 receptor signaling. An antibody against IGF1 and IGF2 slows growth of xenograft tumors and increases survival of these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Martinez-Quetglas
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roser Pinyol
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Dauch
- Division of Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Torrecilla
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Victoria Tovar
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Agrin Moeini
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Clara Alsinet
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Portela
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Leonardo Rodriguez-Carunchio
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manel Solé
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases and Pathology Department, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Oncological Sciences Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases and Pathology Department, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Swan Thung
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases and Pathology Department, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lars Zender
- Division of Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology Group within the German Center for Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBERehd Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases and Pathology Department, Tisch Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Ma Y, Lu Y, Lu B. MicroRNA and Long Non-Coding RNA in Ovarian Carcinoma: Translational Insights and Potential Clinical Applications. Cancer Invest 2016; 34:465-476. [PMID: 27673409 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2016.1227446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reliable biomarkers for the detection of early ovarian carcinoma are currently unavailable. MicroRNA and long non-coding RNA may be important in cancer initiation and progression by regulating gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. MicroRNAs, such as miR-26a and miR-132, have been investigated as novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring of therapeutic response, and therapeutic targets in ovarian carcinomas. Some long non-coding RNAs, such as H19 and UCA1, may be involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian carcinomas. MicroRNA and long non-coding RNA have potential clinical utility in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer and predicting prognosis, metastasis, recurrence, and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , China
| | - Yan Lu
- b Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , China
| | - Bingjian Lu
- c Department of Surgical Pathology , Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , China
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de Leon M, Cardenas H, Vieth E, Emerson R, Segar M, Liu Y, Nephew K, Matei D. Transmembrane protein 88 (TMEM88) promoter hypomethylation is associated with platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 142:539-47. [PMID: 27374141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epigenetic alterations have been implicated in the development of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer (OC). In this study, we aimed to identify DNA methylation changes in platinum resistant tumors and their functional implications. METHODS To identify DNA methylation alterations we used the Illumina 450k DNA methylation array and profiled platinum sensitive and resistant OC xenografts. Validation analyses employed RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of OC xenografts identified 6 genes (SSH3, SLC12A4, TMEM88, PCDHGC3, DAXX, MEST) whose promoters were significantly hypomethylated in resistant compared to sensitive (control) xenografts (p<0.001). We confirmed that TMEM88 and DAXX mRNA expression levels were increased in platinum resistant compared to control xenografts, inversely correlated with promoter methylation levels. Furthermore treatment of OC cells with SGI-110 (guadecitabine), a DNA methyl transferase (DNMT) inhibitor, increased TMEM88 mRNA expression levels, supporting that TMEM88 is transcriptionally regulated by promoter methylation. TMEM88 was detectable by IHC in all histological types of ovarian tumors and its knock-down by using siRNA promoted OC cell proliferation and colony formation and re-sensitized cells to platinum. Furthermore, TMEM88 knock down induced upregulation of cyclin D1 and c-Myc, known Wnt target genes, supporting that TMEM88 inhibits Wnt signaling. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results support that OC platinum resistance was correlated with TMEM88 overexpression regulated through decreased promoter methylation. Our data suggest that TMEM88 functions as an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, contributing to the development of platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Leon
- Indiana University, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, United States
| | - Horacio Cardenas
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, United States
| | - Edyta Vieth
- Indiana University, Department of Medicine, United States
| | - Robert Emerson
- Indiana University, Department of Pathology, United States
| | - Matthew Segar
- Indiana University, Department of Biostatics, United States
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Indiana University, Department of Biostatics, United States
| | - Kenneth Nephew
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | - Daniela Matei
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, United States; Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, United States.
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Kappil MA, Li Q, Li A, Dassanayake PS, Xia Y, Nanes JA, Landrigan PJ, Stodgell CJ, Aagaard KM, Schadt EE, Dole N, Varner M, Moye J, Kasten C, Miller RK, Ma Y, Chen J, Lambertini L. In utero exposures to environmental organic pollutants disrupt epigenetic marks linked to fetoplacental development. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2016; 2:dvv013. [PMID: 27308065 PMCID: PMC4905724 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvv013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
While the developing fetus is largely shielded from the external environment through the protective barrier provided by the placenta, it is increasingly appreciated that environmental agents are able to cross and even accumulate in this vital organ for fetal development. To examine the potential influence of environmental pollutants on the placenta, we assessed the relationship between polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) and several epigenetic marks linked to fetoplacental development. We measured IGF2/H19 imprint control region methylation, IGF2 and H19 expression, IGF2 loss of imprinting (LOI) and global DNA methylation levels in placenta (n = 116) collected in a formative research project of the National Children's Study to explore the relationship between these epigenetic marks and the selected organic environmental pollutants. A positive association was observed between global DNA methylation and total PBDE levels (P <0.01) and between H19 expression and total PCB levels (P = 0.04). These findings suggest that differences in specific epigenetic marks linked to fetoplacental development occur in association with some, but not all, measured environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A. Kappil
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Pediatrics, Oncological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Qian Li
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Pediatrics, Oncological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - An Li
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Yulin Xia
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jessica A. Nanes
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Philip J. Landrigan
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Pediatrics, Oncological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Christopher J. Stodgell
- Departments of Obs/Gyn, and Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | | | - Eric E. Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY
| | - Nancy Dole
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Michael Varner
- Department of Pediatrics and Obs/Gyn, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - John Moye
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carol Kasten
- Division of Pediatric and Maternal Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Richard K. Miller
- Departments of Obs/Gyn, and Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Yula Ma
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Pediatrics, Oncological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jia Chen
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Pediatrics, Oncological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Pediatrics, Oncological Sciences, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related death all over the world. Metastasis is a process by which cancer spreads from the place at which it first arose to distant locations in the body. It is well known that several steps are necessary for this process, including cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, resistance to anoikis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanism of regulating cancer metastasis progress may provide helpful insights in the development of efficient diagnosis and therapeutic strategy. Recent studies have indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer metastasis. lncRNAs are the nonprotein coding RNAs that have a size longer than 200 nucleotides. More and more studies have indicated that lncRNAs are involved in a broad range of biological processes and are associated with many diseases, such as cancer. The role of lncRNAs in cancer metastasis has been widely studied; however, lncRNAs are mainly involved in the EMT process on the current literature. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying the role of lncRNAs in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Magis AT, Funk CC, Price ND. SNAPR: a bioinformatics pipeline for efficient and accurate RNA-seq alignment and analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1:22-25. [PMID: 29270443 DOI: 10.1109/lls.2015.2465870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The process of converting raw RNA sequencing data to interpretable results can be circuitous and time consuming, requiring multiple steps. We present an RNA-seq mapping algorithm that streamlines this process. Our algorithm utilizes a hash table approach to leverage the availability and power of high memory machines. SNAPR, which can be run on a single library or thousands of libraries, can take compressed or uncompressed FASTQ and BAM files as inputs, and can output a sorted BAM file, individual read counts, gene fusions and identify exogenous RNA species in a single step. SNAPR also does native Phred score filtering of reads. SNAPR is also well suited for future sequencing platforms that generate longer reads. Using SNAPR, we show how we can analyze data from hundreds of TCGA samples in a matter of hours, while identifying gene fusions and viral events at the same time. With the references genome and transcriptome undergoing periodic updates, and the need for uniform parameters when integrating multiple data sets, there is great need for a streamlined process for RNA-seq analysis. We demonstrate how SNAPR does this efficiently and accurately, with the high-throughput capacity needed to do high-volume analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cory C Funk
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109
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Murphy SK, Erginer E, Huang Z, Visco Z, Hoyo C. Genotype-Epigenotype Interaction at the IGF2 DMR. Genes (Basel) 2015; 6:777-89. [PMID: 26343731 PMCID: PMC4584329 DOI: 10.3390/genes6030777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paternally expressed Insulin-like Growth Factor II (IGF2) encodes a gene whose protein product functions as a potent growth mitogen. Overexpression of IGF2 has been implicated in a wide number of disorders and diseases. IGF2 is regulated in part by differential methylation of the two parentally derived alleles. The differentially methylated region (DMR) located upstream of the imprinted promoters of IGF2 exhibits plasticity under environmental stress and is hypomethylated in several types of cancer. Through bisulfite pyrosequencing and confirmation by nucleotide sequencing, we discovered a CpG to CpC transversion that results in hypomethylation of one of the three CpGs comprising this DMR. The presence of the polymorphism introduces a genetic rather than an environmentally-driven epigenetic source of hypomethylation that is additive to non-genetic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 91012, B223 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Erin Erginer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 91012, B223 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 91012, B223 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Zachary Visco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 91012, B223 LSRC Building, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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McCullough LE, Mendez MA, Miller EE, Murtha AP, Murphy SK, Hoyo C. Associations between prenatal physical activity, birth weight, and DNA methylation at genomically imprinted domains in a multiethnic newborn cohort. Epigenetics 2015; 10:597-606. [PMID: 25928716 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1045181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Birth weight is a commonly used indicator of the fetal environment and a predictor of future health outcomes. While the etiology of birth weight extremes is likely multifactorial, epidemiologic data suggest that prenatal physical activity (PA) may play an important role. The mechanisms underlying this association remain unresolved, although epigenetics has been proposed. This study aimed to estimate associations between prenatal PA, birth weight, and newborn DNA methylation levels at differentially methylated regions (DMRs) regulating 4 imprinted genes known to be important in fetal development. Study participants (N = 1281) were enrolled as part of the Newborn Epigenetics Study. Prenatal PA was ascertained using the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, and birth weight data obtained from hospital records. Among 484 term mother-infant pairs, imprinted gene methylation levels were measured at DMRs using bisulfite pyrosequencing. Generalized linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate associations. After adjusting for preterm birth and race/ethnicity, we found that infants born to mothers in the highest quartile of total non-sedentary time had lower birth weight compared to infants of mothers in the lowest quartile (β = -81.16, SE = 42.02, P = 0.05). These associations appeared strongest among male infants (β = -125.40, SE = 58.10, P = 0.03). Methylation at the PLAGL1 DMR was related to total non-sedentary time (P < 0.05). Our findings confirm that prenatal PA is associated with reduced birth weight, and is the first study to support a role for imprinted gene plasticity in these associations. Larger studies are required.
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Key Words
- BMI, body mass index
- BW, birth weight
- DMR, differentially methylated regions
- DOHaD, developmental origins of health and disease
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
- IGF, insulin-like growth factor
- LBW, low birth weight
- LMP, last menstrual period
- MET, metabolic equivalent
- NEST, Newborn Epigenetic Study
- PA, physical activity
- SE, standard error.
- birth weight
- epidemiology
- epigenetics
- imprinted genes
- methylation
- physical activity
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E McCullough
- a Department of Epidemiology; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill ; Chapel Hill , NC , USA
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Brouwer-Visser J, Huang GS. IGF2 signaling and regulation in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26:371-7. [PMID: 25704323 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Upregulation of IGF2 occurs in both childhood and adult malignancies. Its overexpression is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and worse prognosis. IGF2 promoter usage is developmentally regulated; however, malignant tissues are characterized by re-activation of the fetal IGF2 promoters, especially P3. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of IGF2 signaling and regulation in normal and malignant tissues and their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurriaan Brouwer-Visser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology & Women's Health (Division of Gynecologic Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Gloria S Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology & Women's Health (Division of Gynecologic Oncology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
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45
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Barrow TM, Barault L, Ellsworth RE, Harris HR, Binder AM, Valente AL, Shriver CD, Michels KB. Aberrant methylation of imprinted genes is associated with negative hormone receptor status in invasive breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:537-47. [PMID: 25560175 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes enables monoallelic expression according to parental origin, and its disruption is implicated in many cancers and developmental disorders. The expression of hormone receptors is significant in breast cancer because they are indicators of cancer cell growth rate and determine response to endocrine therapies. We investigated the frequency of aberrant events and variation in DNA methylation at nine imprinted sites in invasive breast cancer and examined the association with estrogen and progesterone receptor status. Breast tissue and blood from patients with invasive breast cancer (n = 38) and benign breast disease (n = 30) were compared with those from healthy individuals (n = 36), matched with the cancer patients by age at diagnosis, ethnicity, body mass index, menopausal status and familial history of cancer. DNA methylation and allele-specific expression were analyzed by pyrosequencing. Tumor-specific methylation changes at IGF2 DMR2 were observed in 59% of cancer patients, IGF2 DMR0 in 38%, DIRAS3 DMR in 36%, GRB10 ICR in 23%, PEG3 DMR in 21%, MEST ICR in 19%, H19 ICR in 18%, KvDMR in 8% and SNRPN/SNURF ICR in 4%. Variation in methylation was significantly greater in breast tissue from cancer patients compared with that in healthy individuals and benign breast disease. Aberrant methylation of three or more sites was significantly associated with negative estrogen-alpha (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.02) and progesterone-A (p = 0.02) receptor status. Aberrant events and increased variation in imprinted gene DNA methylation, therefore, seem to be frequent in invasive breast cancer and are associated with negative estrogen and progesterone receptor status, without loss of monoallelic expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Barrow
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludovic Barault
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rachel E Ellsworth
- Clinical Breast Care Project, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Windber, PA
| | - Holly R Harris
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alexandra M Binder
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Allyson L Valente
- Clinical Breast Care Project, Windber Research Institute, Windber, PA
| | - Craig D Shriver
- Clinical Breast Care Project, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Karin B Michels
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Zhang Y, Su HJ, Pan KF, Zhang L, Ma JL, Shen L, Li JY, Liu WD, Oze I, Matsuo K, Yuasa Y, You WC. Methylation status of blood leukocyte DNA and risk of gastric cancer in a high-risk Chinese population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2019-26. [PMID: 25086101 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the relationship between methylation status of blood leukocyte DNA and risk of gastric cancer, a population-based study was conducted in Linqu County. METHODS Methylation levels of IGFII and N33 were determined by quantitative methylation-specific PCR. The temporal trend of methylation levels during gastric cancer development was investigated in 133 gastric cancer cases from two cohorts with pre- and/or post-gastric cancer samples. As the references of pre-GCs, 204 intestinal metaplasia (IM) or dysplasia (DYS) subjects who did not progress to gastric cancer during the follow-up period were selected. Meanwhile, 285 subjects with superficial gastritis/chronic atrophic gastritis (SG/CAG) were also selected as controls. RESULTS IGFII median methylation level was significantly higher in gastric cancer cases than those with SG/CAG (61.47% vs. 49.73%; P < 0.001). IGFII and N33 methylation levels were elevated at least 5 years ahead of clinical gastric cancer diagnosis comparing with SG/CAG (63.38% vs. 49.73% for IGFII, 9.12% vs. 5.70% for N33; all P < 0.001). Furthermore, the frequency of hypermethylated IGFII was markedly increased in IM or DYS subjects who progressed to gastric cancer in contrast to those who remained with IM and DYS, and adjusted ORs were 12.52 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.81-41.15] for IM and 10.12 (95% CI, 2.68-38.22) for DYS. Similar results were also found for N33 in subjects with IM (OR, 3.77; 95% CI, 1.20-11.86). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that hypermethylated IGFII and N33 in blood leukocyte DNA were associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population. IMPACT IGFII and N33 methylation status may be related to gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Juan Su
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Ling Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-You Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | | | - Isao Oze
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Yuasa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei-Cheng You
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
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H19 promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis by derepressing let-7’s suppression on its target HMGA2-mediated EMT. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:9163-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2185-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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48
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Cao Y, Lindström S, Schumacher F, Stevens VL, Albanes D, Berndt S, Boeing H, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Canzian F, Chamosa S, Chanock SJ, Diver WR, Gapstur SM, Gaziano JM, Giovannucci EL, Haiman CA, Henderson B, Johansson M, Le Marchand L, Palli D, Rosner B, Siddiq A, Stampfer M, Stram DO, Tamimi R, Travis RC, Trichopoulos D, Willett WC, Yeager M, Kraft P, Hsing AW, Pollak M, Lin X, Ma J. Insulin-like growth factor pathway genetic polymorphisms, circulating IGF1 and IGFBP3, and prostate cancer survival. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju085. [PMID: 24824313 PMCID: PMC4081624 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway has been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) initiation, but its role in progression remains unknown. METHODS Among 5887 PCa patients (704 PCa deaths) of European ancestry from seven cohorts in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, we conducted Cox kernel machine pathway analysis to evaluate whether 530 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 26 IGF pathway-related genes were collectively associated with PCa mortality. We also conducted SNP-specific analysis using stratified Cox models adjusting for multiple testing. In 2424 patients (313 PCa deaths), we evaluated the association of prediagnostic circulating IGF1 and IGFBP3 levels and PCa mortality. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The IGF signaling pathway was associated with PCa mortality (P = .03), and IGF2-AS and SSTR2 were the main contributors (both P = .04). In SNP-specific analysis, 36 SNPs were associated with PCa mortality with P trend less than .05, but only three SNPs in the IGF2-AS remained statistically significant after gene-based corrections. Two were in linkage disequilibrium (r 2 = 1 for rs1004446 and rs3741211), whereas the third, rs4366464, was independent (r 2 = 0.03). The hazard ratios (HRs) per each additional risk allele were 1.19 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06 to 1.34; P trend = .003) for rs3741211 and 1.44 (95% CI = 1.20 to 1.73; P trend < .001) for rs4366464. rs4366464 remained statistically significant after correction for all SNPs (P trend.corr = .04). Prediagnostic IGF1 (HRhighest vs lowest quartile = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.48 to 1.04) and IGFBP3 (HR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.65 to 1.34) levels were not associated with PCa mortality. CONCLUSIONS The IGF signaling pathway, primarily IGF2-AS and SSTR2 genes, may be important in PCa survival.
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Insulin-like Growth Factor Pathway Genetic Polymorphisms, Circulating IGF1 and IGFBP3, and Prostate Cancer Survival. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju218. [PMCID: PMC4111284 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway has been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) initiation, but its role in progression remains unknown. Methods Among 5887 PCa patients (704 PCa deaths) of European ancestry from seven cohorts in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, we conducted Cox kernel machine pathway analysis to evaluate whether 530 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 26 IGF pathway-related genes were collectively associated with PCa mortality. We also conducted SNP-specific analysis using stratified Cox models adjusting for multiple testing. In 2424 patients (313 PCa deaths), we evaluated the association of prediagnostic circulating IGF1 and IGFBP3 levels and PCa mortality. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results The IGF signaling pathway was associated with PCa mortality (P = .03), and IGF2-AS and SSTR2 were the main contributors (both P = .04). In SNP-specific analysis, 36 SNPs were associated with PCa mortality with P trend less than .05, but only three SNPs in the IGF2-AS remained statistically significant after gene-based corrections. Two were in linkage disequilibrium (r 2 = 1 for rs1004446 and rs3741211), whereas the third, rs4366464, was independent (r 2 = 0.03). The hazard ratios (HRs) per each additional risk allele were 1.19 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06 to 1.34; P trend = .003) for rs3741211 and 1.44 (95% CI = 1.20 to 1.73; P trend < .001) for rs4366464. rs4366464 remained statistically significant after correction for all SNPs (P trend.corr = .04). Prediagnostic IGF1 (HRhighest vs lowest quartile = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.48 to 1.04) and IGFBP3 (HR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.65 to 1.34) levels were not associated with PCa mortality. Conclusions The IGF signaling pathway, primarily IGF2-AS and SSTR2 genes, may be important in PCa survival.
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de Mello VDF, Pulkkinen L, Lalli M, Kolehmainen M, Pihlajamäki J, Uusitupa M. DNA methylation in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Ann Med 2014; 46:103-13. [PMID: 24779963 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2013.857259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms related to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other degenerative diseases at a molecular level, a better understanding of the changes in the chromatin structure and the corresponding functional changes in molecular pathways is still needed. For example, persons with low birth weight are at a high risk for development of T2D later in life, suggesting that the intrauterine environment contributes to the disease. One of the hypotheses is that epigenetic regulation, including changes in DNA methylation leading to modifications in chromatin structure, are behind metabolic alterations, e.g. leading to the phenomenon termed metabolic memory. Altered DNA methylation has been shown to affect healthy aging and also to promote age-related health problems. There is suggestive evidence that lifestyle changes including weight loss can have an impact on DNA methylation and consequently gene expression. In this review we provide an overview of human studies investigating DNA methylation in obesity and T2D and associated risk factors behind these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Derenji Ferreira de Mello
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition , Kuopio , Finland
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