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Kim KS, Zhang J, Arrieta VA, Dmello C, Grabis E, Habashy K, Duffy J, Zhao J, Gould A, Chen L, Hu J, Balyasnikova I, Chand D, Levey D, Canoll P, Zhao W, Sims PA, Rabadan R, Pandey S, Zhang B, Lee-Chang C, Heiland DH, Sonabend AM. MAPK/ERK signaling in gliomas modulates interferon responses, T cell recruitment, microglia phenotype, and immune checkpoint blockade efficacy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.11.612571. [PMID: 39345374 PMCID: PMC11429708 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.11.612571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GB) remains a formidable challenge in neuro-oncology, with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) showing limited efficacy in unselected patients. We previously recently established that MAPK/ERK signaling is associated with overall survival following anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 treatment in recurrent GB. However, the causal relationship between MAPK/ERK signaling and susceptibility to ICB, as well as the mechanisms underlying this association, remain poorly understood. Method We conducted in vivo kinome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screenings in murine gliomas to identify key regulators of susceptibility to anti-PD-1 and CD8+ T cell responses and performed survival studies to validate the most relevant genes. Additionally, paired single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) with p-ERK staining, spatial transcriptomics on GB samples, and ex-vivo slice culture of a BRAFV600E mutant GB tumor treated with BRAFi/MEKi were used to determine the causal relationship between MAPK signaling, tumor cell immunogenicity, and modulation of microglia phenotype. Results CRISPR/Cas9 screens identified the MAPK pathway, particularly the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway, as the most critical modulator of glioma susceptibility to CD8+ T cells, and anti-PD-1 across all kinases. Experimentally-induced ERK phosphorylation in gliomas enhanced survival with ICB treatment, led to durable anti-tumoral immunity upon re-challenge and memory T cell infiltration in long-term survivors. Elevated p-ERK in glioma cells correlated with increased interferon responses, antigen presentation and T cell infiltration in GB. Moreover, spatial transcriptomics and scRNA-seq analysis revealed the modulation of interferon responses by the MAPK/ERK pathway in BRAFV600E human GB cells with ERK1/2 knockout and in slice cultures of human BRAFV600E GB tissue. Notably, BRAFi/MEKi treatment disrupted the interaction between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages/microglia in slice cultures from BRAFV600E mutant GB. Conclusion Our data indicate that the MAPK/ERK pathway is a critical regulator of GB cell susceptibility to anti-tumoral immunity, modulating interferon responses, and antigen-presentation in glioma cells, as well as tumor cell interaction with microglia. These findings not only elucidate the mechanistic underpinnings of immunotherapy resistance in GB but also highlight the MAPK/ERK pathway as a promising target for enhancing immunotherapeutic efficacy in this challenging malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junyi Zhang
- Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Víctor A. Arrieta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Crismita Dmello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elena Grabis
- Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karl Habashy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Duffy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junfei Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Gould
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Irina Balyasnikova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Peter Canoll
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenting Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter A. Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Surya Pandey
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dieter Henrik Heiland
- Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adam M. Sonabend
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Medicine Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Moulik S, Karmakar S, Basu A, Ali M, Chatterjee A. Interdependency and differential expression of ERK1 and ERK2 in breast and melanoma cell lines. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2024; 36:27. [PMID: 39278984 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-024-00233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory mechanism of ERK1 and ERK2, their mechanisms of action, and how they impact on development, growth, and homeostasis of different organisms have been given much emphasis for long. ERK1 and 2 though are isoforms of ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase but are coded by two different genes MAPK3 and MAPK1 respectively and show differential expressions and interdependency in different cancer cell lines. Our previous investigations substantially stated the effect of ERK1 and ERK2 on different extracellular molecules like MMPs and integrins, responsible for cell growth and differentiation. Here, we aim to study individual roles of ERK1 and ERK2 and their interdependency in progression and invasiveness in various cancer cell lines. METHODS Different cancer cell lines namely B16F10 (melanoma), MCF7, and MDAMB231 (breast cancer) for studying this particular question were used. Methodologies like gelatin zymography, immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, cell invasion assay, wound healing assay, siRNA transfection, and double transfection procedures were followed for our study. RESULTS Our findings suggest compensation for ERK2 deficiency by pERK1, clear ERK2 predominance in MCF7 cell line, ERK1-ERK2 interdependency in MDAMB231 cells with regard to compensating each other, and significant role of both ERK1 and ERK2 in modulation of MMP9. CONCLUSION If summarized, our results prove the contribution of ERK2 in compensating ERK1 loss and vice versa and an evident role of ERK1 in cancer cell invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvojit Moulik
- Research and Development Wing, Suraksha Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd., Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sayantani Karmakar
- Research and Development Wing, Suraksha Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd., Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Asmita Basu
- CWF Labs: Transdisciplinary Healthcare & Research, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahammad Ali
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Amitava Chatterjee
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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3
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He R, Zhou W. Application and research progress of cordycepin in the treatment of tumours (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:161. [PMID: 38994776 PMCID: PMC11258602 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cordycepin is a nucleoside molecule found in Cordyceps sinensis and can be obtained through chemical synthesis and biotransformation. Cordycepin has been extensively studied and has been shown to have antitumour activity. This activity includes effects on the autophagy process and inhibition of the MAPK/ERK and Hedgehog pathways. Ultimately, the inhibitory effect of cordycepin on tumour cells is due to the interplay of these effects. Cordycepin was shown to enhance the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy. There is increasing evidence indicating that cordycepin plays an anticancer role in the treatment of various cancers. The present review aims to provide a clear understanding of the antitumour mechanisms of cordycepin and discuss its present application in the treatment of tumours. This information can be an important theoretical basis and provide clinical guidance for the further development of cordycepin as an antitumour drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wence Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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4
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Wang K, Wang Y, Wan H, Wang J, Hu L, Huang S, Sheng M, Wu J, Han X, Yu Y, Chen P, Chen F. Actn2 defects accelerates H9c2 hypertrophy via ERK phosphorylation under chronic stress. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:1013-1022. [PMID: 38990270 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans, ACTN2 mutations are identified as highly relevant to a range of cardiomyopathies such as DCM and HCM, while their association with sudden cardiac death has been observed in forensic cases. Although ACTN2 has been shown to regulate sarcomere Z-disc organization, a causal relationship between ACTN2 dysregulation and cardiomyopathies under chronic stress has not yet been investigated. OBJECTIVE In this work, we explored the relationship between Actn2 dysregulation and cardiomyopathies under dexamethasone treatment. METHODS Previous cases of ACTN2 mutations were collected and the conservative analysis was carried out by MEGA 11, the possible impact on the stability and function of ACTN2 affected by these mutations was predicted by Polyphen-2. ACTN2 was suppressed by siRNA in H9c2 cells under dexamethasone treatment to mimic the chronic stress in vitro. Then the cardiac hypertrophic molecular biomarkers were elevated, and the potential pathways were explored by transcriptome analysis. RESULTS Actn2 suppression impaired calcium uptake and increased hypertrophy in H9c2 cells under dexamethasone treatment. Concomitantly, hypertrophic molecular biomarkers were also elevated in Actn2-suppressed cells. Further transcriptome analysis and Western blotting data suggested that Actn2 suppression led to the excessive activation of the MAPK pathway and ERK cascade. In vitro pharmaceutical intervention with ERK inhibitors could partially reverse the morphological changes and inhibit the excessive cardiac hypertrophic molecular biomarkers in H9c2 cells. CONCLUSION Our study revealed a functional role of ACTN2 under chronic stress, loss of ACTN2 function accelerated H9c2 hypertrophy through ERK signaling. A commercial drug, Ibudilast, was identified to reverse cell hypertrophy in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hua Wan
- Department of Health Management, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Shuainan Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mingchen Sheng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xing Han
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Youjia Yu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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5
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Meng B, Zhao N, Mlcochova P, Ferreira IATM, Ortmann BM, Davis T, Wit N, Rehwinkel J, Cook S, Maxwell PH, Nathan JA, Gupta RK. Hypoxia drives HIF2-dependent reversible macrophage cell cycle entry. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114471. [PMID: 38996069 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-oxygen conditions (hypoxia) have been associated primarily with cell-cycle arrest in dividing cells. Macrophages are typically quiescent in G0 but can proliferate in response to tissue signals. Here we show that hypoxia (1% oxygen tension) results in reversible entry into the cell cycle in macrophages. Cell cycle progression is largely limited to G0-G1/S phase transition with little progression to G2/M. This cell cycle transitioning is triggered by an HIF2α-directed transcriptional program. The response is accompanied by increased expression of cell-cycle-associated proteins, including CDK1, which is known to phosphorylate SAMHD1 at T592 and thereby regulate antiviral activity. Prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are able to recapitulate HIF2α-dependent cell cycle entry in macrophages. Finally, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in lung cancers exhibit transcriptomic profiles representing responses to low oxygen and cell cycle progression at the single-cell level. These findings have implications for inflammation and tumor progression/metastasis where low-oxygen environments are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Meng
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Na Zhao
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Petra Mlcochova
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isabella A T M Ferreira
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Brian M Ortmann
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Niek Wit
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - James A Nathan
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ravindra K Gupta
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.
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6
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Yan L, Shi J, Zhu J. Cellular and molecular events in colorectal cancer: biological mechanisms, cell death pathways, drug resistance and signalling network interactions. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:294. [PMID: 39031216 PMCID: PMC11265098 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, affecting millions each year. It emerges from the colon or rectum, parts of the digestive system, and is closely linked to both genetic and environmental factors. In CRC, genetic mutations such as APC, KRAS, and TP53, along with epigenetic changes like DNA methylation and histone modifications, play crucial roles in tumor development and treatment responses. This paper delves into the complex biological underpinnings of CRC, highlighting the pivotal roles of genetic alterations, cell death pathways, and the intricate network of signaling interactions that contribute to the disease's progression. It explores the dysregulation of apoptosis, autophagy, and other cell death mechanisms, underscoring the aberrant activation of these pathways in CRC. Additionally, the paper examines how mutations in key molecular pathways, including Wnt, EGFR/MAPK, and PI3K, fuel CRC development, and how these alterations can serve as both diagnostic and prognostic markers. The dual function of autophagy in CRC, acting as a tumor suppressor or promoter depending on the context, is also scrutinized. Through a comprehensive analysis of cellular and molecular events, this research aims to deepen our understanding of CRC and pave the way for more effective diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Medical Department, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang Affiliated to University of South China, Shaoyang, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang Affiliated to University of South China, Shaoyang, China
| | - Jiazuo Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xuancheng City Central Hospital, No. 117 Tong Road, Xuancheng, Anhui, China.
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7
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Perampalam P, MacDonald JI, Zakirova K, Passos DT, Wasif S, Ramos-Valdes Y, Hervieu M, Mehlen P, Rottapel R, Gibert B, Correa RJM, Shepherd TG, Dick FA. Netrin signaling mediates survival of dormant epithelial ovarian cancer cells. eLife 2024; 12:RP91766. [PMID: 39023520 PMCID: PMC11257678 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dormancy in cancer is a clinical state in which residual disease remains undetectable for a prolonged duration. At a cellular level, rare cancer cells cease proliferation and survive chemotherapy and disseminate disease. We created a suspension culture model of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) dormancy and devised a novel CRISPR screening approach to identify survival genes in this context. In combination with RNA-seq, we discovered the Netrin signaling pathway as critical to dormant HGSOC cell survival. We demonstrate that Netrin-1, -3, and its receptors are essential for low level ERK activation to promote survival, and that Netrin activation of ERK is unable to induce proliferation. Deletion of all UNC5 family receptors blocks Netrin signaling in HGSOC cells and compromises viability during the dormancy step of dissemination in xenograft assays. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Netrin-1 and -3 overexpression in HGSOC correlates with poor outcome. Specifically, our experiments reveal that Netrin overexpression elevates cell survival in dormant culture conditions and contributes to greater spread of disease in a xenograft model of abdominal dissemination. This study highlights Netrin signaling as a key mediator HGSOC cancer cell dormancy and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirunthan Perampalam
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
| | - James I MacDonald
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
| | - Komila Zakirova
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
| | - Daniel T Passos
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
| | - Sumaiyah Wasif
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
| | - Yudith Ramos-Valdes
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- The Mary and John Knight Translational Ovarian Cancer Research Unit, London Regional Cancer ProgramLondonCanada
| | - Maeva Hervieu
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory - Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut Convergence PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Centre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory - Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut Convergence PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Centre Léon BérardLyonFrance
- Netris PharmaLyonFrance
| | - Rob Rottapel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health NetworkTorontoCanada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College CircleTorontoCanada
| | - Benjamin Gibert
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory - Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut Convergence PLAsCAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Centre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Rohann JM Correa
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- Department of Oncology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Trevor G Shepherd
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- The Mary and John Knight Translational Ovarian Cancer Research Unit, London Regional Cancer ProgramLondonCanada
- Department of Oncology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Frederick A Dick
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre Research InstituteLondonCanada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
- Department of Oncology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
- Children's Health Research InstituteLondonCanada
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8
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Liu FH, Lin XC, Liu YW, Zhang TT, Zhang YB, Xie ZL, Zhan Y, Hu P. Harmine inhibits the proliferation and migration and promotes the apoptosis of colon cancer cells via inhibition of the FAK/AKT and ERK 1/2/CREB signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39001813 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2361767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Harmine is present in a variety of medicinal plants, and its effects on colon cancer cells remain unclear. Here, we found that harmine exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of colon cancer cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation levels of the FAK/AKT and ERK1/2/CREB. Furthermore, harmine also inhibited the migration of colon cancer cells and suppressed the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF. Additionally, harmine-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. In conclusion, our findings suggest that harmine exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the development of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Hong Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330001, China
| | - Xing-Cheng Lin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330001, China
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330001, China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330001, China
| | - Yang-Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhuo-Long Xie
- Joint Program of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, Nanchang 330001, China
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330001, China
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9
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Ebrahimnezhad M, Valizadeh A, Majidinia M, Tabnak P, Yousefi B. Unveiling the potential of FOXO3 in lung cancer: From molecular insights to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116833. [PMID: 38843589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer poses a significant challenge regarding molecular heterogeneity, as it encompasses a wide range of molecular alterations and cancer-related pathways. Recent discoveries made it feasible to thoroughly investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer, giving rise to the possibility of novel therapeutic strategies relying on molecularly targeted drugs. In this context, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), a member of forkhead transcription factors, has emerged as a crucial protein commonly dysregulated in cancer cells. The regulation of the FOXO3 in reacting to external stimuli plays a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis as a component of the molecular machinery that determines whether cells will survive or dies. Indeed, various extrinsic cues regulate FOXO3, affecting its subcellular location and transcriptional activity. These regulations are mediated by diverse signaling pathways, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and protein interactions that eventually drive post-transcriptional modification of FOXO3. Nevertheless, while it is no doubt that FOXO3 is implicated in numerous aspects of lung cancer, it is unclear whether they act as tumor suppressors, promotors, or both based on the situation. However, FOXO3 serves as an intriguing possible target in lung cancer therapeutics while widely used anti-cancer chemo drugs can regulate it. In this review, we describe a summary of recent findings on molecular mechanisms of FOXO3 to clarify that targeting its activity might hold promise in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Valizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Peyman Tabnak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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10
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Liu Y, Luo Z. Repurposing Anticancer Drugs Targeting the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway for the Treatment of Respiratory Virus Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6946. [PMID: 39000055 PMCID: PMC11240997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory virus infections remain a significant challenge to human health and the social economy. The symptoms range from mild rhinitis and nasal congestion to severe lower respiratory tract dysfunction and even mortality. The efficacy of therapeutic drugs targeting respiratory viruses varies, depending upon infection time and the drug resistance engendered by a high frequency of viral genome mutations, necessitating the development of new strategies. The MAPK/ERK pathway that was well delineated in the 1980s represents a classical signaling cascade, essential for cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Since this pathway is constitutively activated in many cancers by oncogenes, several drugs inhibiting Raf/MEK/ERK have been developed and currently used in anticancer treatment. Two decades ago, it was reported that viruses such as HIV and influenza viruses could exploit the host cellular MAPK/ERK pathway for their replication. Thus, it would be feasible to repurpose this category of the pathway inhibitors for the treatment of respiratory viral infections. The advantage is that the host genes are not easy to mutate such that the drug resistance rarely occurs during short-period treatment of viruses. Therefore, in this review we will summarize the research progress on the role of the MAPK/ERK pathway in respiratory virus amplification and discuss the potential of the pathway inhibitors (MEK inhibitors) in the treatment of respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhijun Luo
- Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China;
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11
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WU ANGUO, YAN JIAO, SU TING, FENG CHI, LONG XIN, PAN YIRU, YE RUPEI, XIA TIAN, LONG HANAN, WU JIANMING, XIAO XIULI. Trametinib boosts palbociclib's efficacy in breast cancer via autophagy inhibition. Oncol Res 2024; 32:1197-1207. [PMID: 38948022 PMCID: PMC11209742 DOI: 10.32604/or.2024.046139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a predominant global health issue, requires ongoing exploration of new therapeutic strategies. Palbociclib (PAL), a well-known cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, plays a critical role in breast cancer treatment. While its efficacy is recognized, the interplay between PAL and cellular autophagy, particularly in the context of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, remains insufficiently explored. This study investigates PAL's inhibitory effects on breast cancer using both in vitro (MCF7 and MDA-MB-468 cells) and in vivo (tumor-bearing nude mice) models. Aimed at elucidating the impact of PAL on autophagic processes and exploring the potential of combining it with trametinib (TRA), an MEK inhibitor, our research seeks to address the challenge of PAL-induced drug resistance. Our findings reveal that PAL significantly decreases the viability of MCF7 and MDA-MB-468 cells and reduces tumor size in mice while showing minimal cytotoxicity in MCF10A cells. However, PAL also induces protective autophagy, potentially leading to drug resistance via the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway activation. Introducing TRA effectively neutralized this autophagy, enhancing PAL's anti-tumor efficacy. A combination of PAL and TRA synergistically reduced cell viability and proliferation, and in vivo studies showed notable tumor size reduction. In conclusion, the PAL and TRA combination emerges as a promising strategy for overcoming PAL-induced resistance, offering a new horizon in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- ANGUO WU
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - JIAO YAN
- The Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- The Department of Pathology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - TING SU
- The Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- The Department of Pathology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - CHI FENG
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - XIN LONG
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - YIRU PAN
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - RUPEI YE
- The Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - TIAN XIA
- The Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - HANAN LONG
- The Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - JIANMING WU
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - XIULI XIAO
- The Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
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12
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Chatterjee D, Svoboda RA, Huisman DH, Vieira HM, Rao C, Askew JW, Fisher KW, Lewis RE. KSR1 regulates small-cell lung carcinoma tumor initiation and cisplatin resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.23.581815. [PMID: 38464216 PMCID: PMC10925196 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.23.581815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is designated a recalcitrant cancer due to its five-year relative survival rate of less than 7%. First line SCLC treatment has changed modestly in the last 40 years. The NeuroD1 subtype of SCLC (SCLC-N) commonly harbors MYC amplifications and other hallmarks of aggressive behavior. Finding novel therapeutic options that effectively eliminate residual disease observed after initial response to therapy is essential to improving SCLC patient outcome. Here we show that Kinase Suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1), a molecular scaffold for the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling cascade is critical for clonogenicity and tumor initiation in vitro and in vivo in the highly aggressive, metastatic and therapy resistant NeuroD1 subtype of SCLC. Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are reported as the sanctuary population within the bulk tumor responsible for therapeutic resistance and relapse. Previous studies concluded ERK activation was inhibitory to growth and tumor development. We show that signaling through KSR1 is conserved in SCLC-N and that it regulates tumor initiation through interaction with ERK. We further show that KSR1 mediates cisplatin resistance in SCLC-N cells. While 50% of control SCLC-N cells show resistance after 6 weeks of exposure to cisplatin, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KSR1 knockout prevents resistance in >90% of SCLC-N cells. KSR1 KO also significantly enhances the ability of cisplatin to decrease SCLC-N TICs, indicating that targeting KSR1 might be selectively toxic to cells responsible for therapeutic resistance and tumor initiation. Thus, KSR1 function in SCLC-N serves as a novel model for understanding the role of KSR1-dependent signaling in normal and malignant tissues. These findings shed light on a key distinct protein responsible for regulation in SCLC-N tumors, and a potential subtype specific therapeutic target.
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13
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Kamal MV, Damerla RR, Parida P, Chakrabarty S, Rao M, Kumar NAN. Antiapoptotic PON2 expression and its clinical implications in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:2012-2022. [PMID: 38602182 PMCID: PMC11145147 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma poses a significant challenge in oncology due to its rising incidence and mortality rates. Despite therapeutic progress, understanding molecular intricacies is essential. This study explored the role of PON2, a multifunctional enzyme implicated in antiapoptotic mechanisms. Aberrant PON2 expression in oral cancers raises questions regarding its involvement in evading programmed cell death and treatment resistance. Patients with locally advanced disease were enrolled, and molecular analyses were undertaken on the collected tumor and normal tissues. Utilizing computational datasets, this study used in silico gene expression analysis, differential gene expression analysis in our patient cohort, survival analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis to unravel role of PON2 in disease prognosis. The results showed elevated PON2 levels in advanced tumor stages, correlating with factors such as tobacco exposure, higher tumor grade, and nodal metastasis. Survival analysis revealed prognostic relevance of PON2, with lower expression linked to extended survival rates. Gene set enrichment analysis identified pathways aiding in cancer metastasis influenced by PON2. This study underscores the significance of PON2 expression as a prognostic marker for oral malignancies, with increased expression associated with advanced disease stages. Understanding the molecular profile of the PON2 gene suggests its potential as a valuable biomarker for the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehta Vedant Kamal
- Department of Surgical OncologyManipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Rama Rao Damerla
- Department of Medical GeneticsKasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Preetiparna Parida
- Department of Medical GeneticsKasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Public Health and GenomicsManipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Centre for Translational ResearchManipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Naveena AN Kumar
- Department of Surgical OncologyManipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
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14
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Chen X, Zhong Y, Wang S, Xu S, Chen J, Cheng X, Yang X. Reversine inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells through targeting MEK1. J Bone Oncol 2024; 46:100601. [PMID: 38706714 PMCID: PMC11063522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Reversine, or 2-(4-morpholinoanilino)-6-cyclohexylaminopurine, is a 2,6-disubstituted purine derivative. This small molecule shows anti-tumor potential by playing a central role in the inhibition of several kinases related to cell cycle regulation and cytokinesis. In this study, systematic review demonstrated the feasibility and pharmacological mechanism of anti-tumor effect of reversine. Firstly, we grafted MNNG/HOS, U-2 OS, MG-63 osteosarcoma cell aggregates onto chicken embryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) to examine the tumor volume of these grafts after reversine treatment. Following culture, reversine inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma cell aggregates on CAM significantly. In vitro experiment, reversine suppressed osteosarcoma cell viability, colony formation, proliferation, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0-G1 phase. Scratch wound assay demonstrated that reversine restrained cell migration. Reversine increased the protein expression of E-cadherin. The mRNA expression of Rac1, RhoA, CDC42, PTK2, PXN, N-cadherin, Vimentin in MNNG/HOS, U-2 OS and MG-63 cells were suppressed and PTEN increased after reversine treatment. Network pharmacology prediction, molecular docking and systematic review revealed MEK1 can be used as an effective target for reversine to inhibit osteosarcoma. Western blot results show the regulation of MEK1 and ERK1/2 by reversine was not consistent in different osteosarcoma cell lines, but we found that reversine significantly inhibited the protein expression of MEK1 in MNNG/HOS, U-2 OS and MG-63. All these suggested that reversine can exert its anti-tumor effect by targeting the expression of MEK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Chen
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yeyin Zhong
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Simiao Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shujie Xu
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junyuan Chen
- Center for Bone, Joint and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Clinical Research Center, Clifford Hospital, Guangzhou 511495, China
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15
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Li T, Wang J, Feng L, Zhou Q, Xie Q, Shen Y, Ji R, Liu X, Wang Y, Hu C. Discovery of novel thiophene-3-carboxamide derivatives as potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors with anti-angiogenic properties. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107358. [PMID: 38626490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
VEGFR-2 is an attractive target for the development of anti-tumor drugs and plays a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis. This study reports a series of novel thiophene-3-carboxamide derivatives based on PAN-90806 as VEGFR-2 inhibitors, among which compound 14d exhibits excellent anti-proliferative activity against HCT116, MCF7, PC3, and A549 cell lines, and has effective VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 191.1 nM. Additionally, CETSA results indicated that VEGFR-2 was a relevant target of compound 14d in the cell lines, and compound 14d could also inhibit VEGFR-2 protein phosphorylation in A549 cell line. Furthermore, compound 14d inhibited colony formation, cell migration, and HUVECs tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanism by which 14d induced cancer cell death involves blocking the cell cycle, increasing ROS production, inducing apoptosis, and dose-dependently reducing the levels of phosphorylated ERK and MEK. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations had shown that compound 14d could stably bind to the active site of VEGFR-2. These results confirmed that compound 14d might be a promising lead compound for anti-angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China
| | - Limiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China
| | - Qian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China; Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yanni Shen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China; Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rongxin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery (Ministry of Education), Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, China.
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16
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Xue Y, Ruan Y, Wang Y, Xiao P, Xu J. Signaling pathways in liver cancer: pathogenesis and targeted therapy. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:20. [PMID: 38816668 PMCID: PMC11139849 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide with high incidence and mortality rates. Due to its subtle onset, liver cancer is commonly diagnosed at a late stage when surgical interventions are no longer feasible. This situation highlights the critical role of systemic treatments, including targeted therapies, in bettering patient outcomes. Despite numerous studies on the mechanisms underlying liver cancer, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the only widely used clinical inhibitors, represented by sorafenib, whose clinical application is greatly limited by the phenomenon of drug resistance. Here we show an in-depth discussion of the signaling pathways frequently implicated in liver cancer pathogenesis and the inhibitors targeting these pathways under investigation or already in use in the management of advanced liver cancer. We elucidate the oncogenic roles of these pathways in liver cancer especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as the current state of research on inhibitors respectively. Given that TKIs represent the sole class of targeted therapeutics for liver cancer employed in clinical practice, we have particularly focused on TKIs and the mechanisms of the commonly encountered phenomena of its resistance during HCC treatment. This necessitates the imperative development of innovative targeted strategies and the urgency of overcoming the existing limitations. This review endeavors to shed light on the utilization of targeted therapy in advanced liver cancer, with a vision to improve the unsatisfactory prognostic outlook for those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yeling Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Junjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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17
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Alhujaily M. Glyoxalase System in Breast and Ovarian Cancers: Role of MEK/ERK/SMAD1 Pathway. Biomolecules 2024; 14:584. [PMID: 38785990 PMCID: PMC11117840 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The glyoxalase system, comprising GLO1 and GLO2 enzymes, is integral in detoxifying methylglyoxal (MGO) generated during glycolysis, with dysregulation implicated in various cancer types. The MEK/ERK/SMAD1 signaling pathway, crucial in cellular processes, influences tumorigenesis, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Altered GLO1 expression in cancer showcases its complex role in cellular adaptation and cancer aggressiveness. GLO2 exhibits context-dependent functions, contributing to both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic effects in different cancer scenarios. Research highlights the interconnected nature of these systems, particularly in ovarian cancer and breast cancer. The glyoxalase system's involvement in drug resistance and its impact on the MEK/ERK/SMAD1 signaling cascade underscore their clinical significance. Furthermore, this review delves into the urgent need for effective biomarkers, exemplified in ovarian cancer, where the RAGE-ligand pathway emerges as a potential diagnostic tool. While therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways hold promise, this review emphasizes the challenges posed by context-dependent effects and intricate crosstalk within the cellular milieu. Insights into the molecular intricacies of these pathways offer a foundation for developing innovative therapeutic approaches, providing hope for enhanced cancer diagnostics and tailored treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanad Alhujaily
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Păsărică MA, Curcă PF, Dragosloveanu CDM, Grigorescu AC, Nisipașu CI. Pathological and Molecular Diagnosis of Uveal Melanoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:958. [PMID: 38732371 PMCID: PMC11083017 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a common malignant intraocular tumor that presents with significant genetic differences to cutaneous melanoma and has a high genetic burden in terms of prognosis. (2) Methods: A systematic literature search of several repositories on uveal melanoma diagnosis, prognosis, molecular analysis, and treatment was conducted. (3) Results: Recent genetic understanding of oncogene-initiation mutations in GNAQ, GNA11, PLCB4, and CYSLTR2 and secondary progression drivers of BAP1 inactivation and SF3B1 and EIF1AX mutations offers an appealing explanation to the high prognostic impact of adding genetic profiling to clinical UM classification. Genetic information could help better explain peculiarities in uveal melanoma, such as the low long-term survival despite effective primary tumor treatment, the overwhelming propensity to metastasize to the liver, and possibly therapeutic behaviors. (4) Conclusions: Understanding of uveal melanoma has improved step-by-step from histopathology to clinical classification to more recent genetic understanding of oncogenic initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Adrian Păsărică
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.P.); (C.D.M.D.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul Filip Curcă
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.P.); (C.D.M.D.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Christiana Diana Maria Dragosloveanu
- Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.P.); (C.D.M.D.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital for Ophthalmological Emergencies, 010464 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Cosmin Ionuț Nisipașu
- Department of Dental Medicine I, Implant-Prosthetic Therapy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
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19
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Ma S, Wu Q, Wu W, Tian Y, Zhang J, Chen C, Sheng X, Zhao F, Ding L, Wang T, Zhao L, Xie Y, Wang Y, Yue X, Wu Z, Wei J, Zhang K, Liang X, Gao L, Wang H, Wang G, Li C, Ma C. Urolithin A Hijacks ERK1/2-ULK1 Cascade to Improve CD8 + T Cell Fitness for Antitumor Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310065. [PMID: 38447147 PMCID: PMC11095213 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
According to the latest evidence, the microbial metabolite Urolithin A (UA), known for its role in promoting cellular health, modulates CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor activity. However, the direct target protein of UA and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, this research identifies ERK1/2 as the specific target crucial for UA-mediated CD8+ T cell activation. Even at low doses, UA markedly enhances the persistence and effector functions of primary CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and human chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, UA interacts directly with ERK1/2 kinases, enhancing their activation and subsequently facilitating T cell activation by engaging ULK1. The UA-ERK1/2-ULK1 axis promotes autophagic flux in CD8+ CTLs, enhancing cellular metabolism and maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, as evidenced by increased oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates. UA-treated CD8+ CTLs also display elevated ATP levels and enhanced spare respiratory capacity. Overall, UA activates ERK1/2, inducing autophagy and metabolic adaptation, showcasing its potential in tumor immunotherapy and interventions for diseases involving ERKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiya Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- GI Cancer Research InstituteTongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074P. R. China
| | - Wenxian Wu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age‐Related Cardiac and Cerebral DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong524001P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShenzhen518057P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Advanced Medical Research InstituteCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Chaojia Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Xue Sheng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Fangcheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Lu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Taixia Wang
- Central LaboratoryTongji University School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Laixi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Yuying Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age‐Related Cardiac and Cerebral DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong524001P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age‐Related Cardiac and Cerebral DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong524001P. R. China
| | - Xuetian Yue
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Zhuanchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Jian Wei
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesShandong UniversityJinan250012P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Central LaboratoryTongji University School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200072P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Lifen Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200031P. R. China
| | - Guihua Wang
- GI Cancer Research InstituteTongji HospitalHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong250012P. R. China
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Zheng D, Wei Z, Zhang C, Liu W, Gong C, Wu F, Guo W. ZNF692 promotes osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through TNK2-mediated activation of the MEK/ERK pathway. Biol Direct 2024; 19:28. [PMID: 38650011 PMCID: PMC11034355 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00472-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a diverse and aggressive bone tumor. Driver genes regulating osteosarcoma initiation and progression remains incompletely defined. Zinc finger protein 692 (ZNF692), a kind of Krüppel C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor, exhibited abnormal expression in different types of malignancies and showed a correlation with the clinical prognosis of patients as well as the aggressive characteristics of cancer cells. Nevertheless, its specific role in osteosarcoma is still not well understood. METHODS We investigated the dysregulation and clinical significance of ZNF692 in osteosarcoma through bioinformatic method and experimental validation. A range of in vitro assays, including CCK-8, colony formation, EdU incorporation, wound healing, and transwell invasion tests, were conducted to assess the impact of ZNF692 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in osteosarcoma. A xenograft mouse model was established to evaluate the effect of ZNF692 on tumor growth in vivo. Western blot assay was used to measure the protein levels of MEK1/2, P-MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and P-ERK1/2 in cells that had been genetically modified to either reduce or increase the expression of ZNF692. The relationship between ZNF692 and tyrosine kinase non-receptor 2 (TNK2) were validated by qRT-PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Expression of ZNF692 was increased in both human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, the expression of ZNF692 served as an independent predictive biomarker in osteosarcoma. The results of the survival analysis indicated that increased expression of ZNF692 was associated with worse outcome. Downregulation of ZNF692 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, whereas upregulation of ZNF692 has the opposite impact. Western blot assay indicates that reducing ZNF692 decreases phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2, whereas increasing ZNF692 expression enhances their phosphorylation. U0126, a potent inhibitor specifically targeting the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, partially counteracts the impact of ZNF692 overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. In addition, ZNF692 specifically interacts with the promoter region of TNK2 and stimulates the transcription of TNK2 in osteosarcoma cells. Forcing the expression of TNK2 weakens the inhibitory impact of ZNF692 knockdown on P-MEK1/2 and P-ERK1/2. Similarly, partly inhibiting TNK2 counteracts the enhancing impact of ZNF692 overexpression on the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. Functional tests demonstrate that the suppressive effects of ZNF692 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion are greatly reduced when TNK2 is overexpressed. In contrast, the reduction of TNK2 hinders the ability of ZNF692 overexpression to enhance cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSION ZNF692 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells via the TNK2-dependent stimulation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. The ZNF692-TNK2 axis might potentially function as a possible predictive biomarker and a promising target for novel therapeutics in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenda Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Changtian Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China.
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21
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He Y, Zhang X, Pan W, Zhang J, Zhu W, Zhang J, Shi J. Ciliogenesis-associated Kinase 1 Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Chemoresistance via Phosphorylating ERK1. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2403-2421. [PMID: 38725848 PMCID: PMC11077371 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ciliogenesis-associated kinase 1 (CILK1) plays a key role in the ciliogenesis and ciliopathies. It remains totally unclear whether CILK1 is involved in tumor progression and therapy resistance. Here, we report that the aberrant high-expression of CILK1 in breast cancer is required for tumor cell proliferation and chemoresistance. Two compounds, CILK1-C30 and CILK1-C28, were identified with selective inhibitory effects towards the Tyr-159/Thr-157 dual-phosphorylation of CILK1, pharmacological inhibition of CILK1 significantly suppressed tumor cell proliferation and overcame chemoresistance in multiple experimental models. Large-scale screen of CILK1 substrates confirmed that the kinase directly phosphorylates ERK1, which is responsible for CILK1-mediated oncogenic function. CILK1 is also indicated to be responsible for the chemoresistance of small-cell lung cancer cells. Our data highlight the importance of CILK1 in cancer, implicating that targeting CILK1/ERK1 might offer therapeutic benefit to cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling He
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijun Pan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiebiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
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22
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Wu W, Yin Y, Huang J, Yang R, Li Q, Pan J, Zhang J. CRISPR/Cas9-meditated gene knockout in pigs proves that LGALS12 deficiency suppresses the proliferation and differentiation of porcine adipocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159424. [PMID: 37956708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
LGALS12, also known as galectin12, belongs to the galectin family with β-galactoside-binding activity. We previously reported that LGALS12 is an important regulator of adipogenesis in porcine adipocytes in vitro, but its value in pig breeding needed to be explored in vivo. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to construct porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs) with a 43 bp deletion in LGALS12 exon 2. Using these PFFs as donor cells, a LGALS12 knockout pig model was generated via somatic cell nuclear transfer. Primary cultures of porcine intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) adipocytes were established using cells from LGALS12 knockout pigs and wild-type pigs. A comparison of these cells proved that LGALS12 deficiency suppresses cell proliferation via the RAS-p38MAPK pathway and promotes lipolysis via the PKA pathway in both IM and SC adipocytes. In addition, we observed AKT activation only in IM adipocytes and suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin only in SC adipocytes. Our findings suggest that LGALS12 deficiency affects the adipogenesis of IM and SC adipocytes through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Yajun Yin
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Ruifei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Jianzhi Pan
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China; Jiaxing Bide Biotechnology Co., Ltd, China.
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23
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Weatherdon L, Stuart K, Cassidy M, de la Gándara AM, Okkenhaug H, Muellener M, Mckenzie G, Cook SJ, Gilley R. Reporter cell lines to screen for inhibitors or regulators of the KRAS-RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway. Biochem J 2024; 481:405-422. [PMID: 38381045 PMCID: PMC11088904 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20240015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The RAS-regulated RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling pathway is activated in cancer due to mutations in RAS proteins (especially KRAS), BRAF, CRAF, MEK1 and MEK2. Whilst inhibitors of KRASG12C (lung adenocarcinoma) and BRAF and MEK1/2 (melanoma and colorectal cancer) are clinically approved, acquired resistance remains a problem. Consequently, the search for new inhibitors (especially of RAS proteins), new inhibitor modalities and regulators of this pathway, which may be new drug targets, continues and increasingly involves cell-based screens with small molecules or genetic screens such as RNAi, CRISPR or protein interference. Here we describe cell lines that exhibit doxycycline-dependent expression KRASG12V or BRAFV600E and harbour a stably integrated EGR1:EmGFP reporter gene that can be detected by flow cytometry, high-content microscopy or immunoblotting. KRASG12V or BRAFV600E-driven EmGFP expression is inhibited by MEK1/2 or ERK1/2 inhibitors (MEKi and ERKi). BRAFi inhibit BRAFV600E-driven EmGFP expression but enhance the response to KRASG12V, recapitulating paradoxical activation of wild type RAF proteins. In addition to small molecules, expression of iDab6, encoding a RAS-specific antibody fragment inhibited KRASG12V- but not BRAFV600E-driven EmGFP expression. Finally, substitution of EmGFP for a bacterial nitroreductase gene allowed KRASG12V or BRAFV600E to drive cell death in the presence of a pro-drug, which may allow selection of pathway inhibitors that promote survival. These cell lines should prove useful for cell-based screens to identify new regulators of KRAS- or BRAF-dependent ERK1/2 signalling (drug target discovery) as well as screening or triaging 'hits' from drug discovery screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Weatherdon
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | - Kate Stuart
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
- Phoremost, Unit 7, The Works, Unity Campus, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3FT, U.K
| | - Megan Cassidy
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | | | - Hanneke Okkenhaug
- Imaging Facility, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | - Markus Muellener
- Phoremost, Unit 7, The Works, Unity Campus, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3FT, U.K
| | - Grahame Mckenzie
- Phoremost, Unit 7, The Works, Unity Campus, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3FT, U.K
| | - Simon J. Cook
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
| | - Rebecca Gilley
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K
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Pehkonen H, Filippou A, Väänänen J, Lindfors I, Vänttinen M, Ianevski P, Mäkelä A, Munne P, Klefström J, Toppila‐Salmi S, Grénman R, Hagström J, Mäkitie AA, Karhemo P, Monni O. Liprin-α1 contributes to oncogenic MAPK signaling by counteracting ERK activity. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:662-676. [PMID: 38264964 PMCID: PMC10920090 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PTPRF interacting protein alpha 1 (PPFIA1) encodes for liprin-α1, a member of the leukocyte common antigen-related protein tyrosine phosphatase (LAR-RPTPs)-interacting protein family. Liprin-α1 localizes to adhesive and invasive structures in the periphery of cancer cells, where it modulates migration and invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and breast cancer. To study the possible role of liprin-α1 in anticancer drug responses, we screened a library of oncology compounds in cell lines with high endogenous PPFIA1 expression. The compounds with the highest differential responses between high PPFIA1-expressing and silenced cells across cell lines were inhibitors targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signaling. KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS)-mutated MDA-MB-231 cells were more resistant to trametinib upon PPFIA1 knockdown compared with control cells. In contrast, liprin-α1-depleted HNSCC cells with low RAS activity showed a context-dependent response to MEK/ERK inhibitors. Importantly, we showed that liprin-α1 depletion leads to increased p-ERK1/2 levels in all our studied cell lines independent of KRAS mutational status, suggesting a role of liprin-α1 in the regulation of MAPK oncogenic signaling. Furthermore, liprin-α1 depletion led to more pronounced redistribution of RAS proteins to the cell membrane. Our data suggest that liprin-α1 is an important contributor to oncogenic RAS/MAPK signaling, and the status of liprin-α1 may assist in predicting drug responses in cancer cells in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henna Pehkonen
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Artemis Filippou
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Juho Väänänen
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Iida Lindfors
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Mira Vänttinen
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Philipp Ianevski
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM)University of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Anne Mäkelä
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Pauliina Munne
- Finnish Cancer Institute, FICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Translational Cancer Medicine, Medical FacultyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
| | - Juha Klefström
- Finnish Cancer Institute, FICAN South Helsinki University Hospital & Translational Cancer Medicine, Medical FacultyUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine FlagshipHelsinkiFinland
| | - Sanna Toppila‐Salmi
- Skin and Allergy HospitalHelsinki University Hospital and University of HelsinkiFinland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kuopio University Hospital and School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Reidar Grénman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalFinland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalFinland
- Institute of DentistryUniversity of TurkuFinland
| | - Antti A. Mäkitie
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine FlagshipHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery, Research Program in Systems OncologyUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalFinland
| | - Piia‐Riitta Karhemo
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine FlagshipHelsinkiFinland
| | - Outi Monni
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine FlagshipHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiFinland
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25
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Sanci TO, Terzi E, Oz Bedir BE, Gumustas M, Aydin T, Cakir A. Effect of Herniarin on Cell Viability, Cell Cycle, and Erk Protein Levels in Different Stages of Bladder Cancer Cells. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301645. [PMID: 38235946 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the potential of herniarin from tarragon, as an agent with multifaceted effects on bladder cancer cells and investigates herniarin's impact on cell viability, migration, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis induction, and Erk signaling pathways in bladder cancer cell lines, including RT-112 (grade 1, non-invasive), HTB9 (grade 2, invasive), and HT1376 (grade 3, invasive), through comprehensive in vitro experiments. The compound causes cell cycle arrest at distinct phases in different cell lines: G1/S arrest in RT112 cells, G2/M arrest in HTB9 cells, and S phase arrest in HT1376 cells. Furthermore, herniarin induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in various cell lines and simultaneously modulates protein levels of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent. Herniarin's influence also extends to Erk signaling, a crucial pathway that regulates cell growth and differentiation. In conclusion, this study reveals herniarin's potential as a versatile agent in the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Ozdemir Sanci
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Emine Terzi
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Beyza Ecem Oz Bedir
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Gumustas
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Tuba Aydin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Agri İbrahim Cecen University, Agri, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Cakir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kilis 7 Aralik University, Kilis, Türkiye
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26
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Ben-Eltriki M, Ahmadi AR, Nakao Y, Golla K, Lakschevitz F, Häkkinen L, Granville DJ, Kim H. Granzyme B promotes matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) release from gingival fibroblasts in a PAR1- and Erk1/2-dependent manner: A novel role in periodontal inflammation. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:94-103. [PMID: 37873693 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To gain insights into how proteases signal to connective tissues cells in the periodontium. BACKGROUND The connective tissue degradation observed in periodontitis is largely due to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) release by gingival fibroblasts. Granzyme B (GzmB) is a serine protease whose role in periodontitis is undefined. METHODS Human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were obtained from sites with periodontal disease and healthy control sites. GzmB was quantified in the GCF ([GzmB]GCF ) by ELISA. Gingival fibroblasts (GF) were cultured in the presence or absence of recombinant GzmB. Culture supernatants were analyzed by ELISA to quantify GzmB-induced release of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1). In some experiments, cells were pre-treated with the inhibitor PD98059 to block MEK/ERK signaling. The protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) was blocked with ATAP-2 neutralizing antibody prior to GzmB stimulation. Systemic MMP-1 levels were measured in plasma from wild-type (WT) and granzyme-B-knockout (GzmB-/- ) mice. RESULTS The [GzmB]GCF in human samples was ~4-5 fold higher at sites of periodontal disease (gingivitis/periodontitis) compared to healthy control sites, suggesting an association between GzmB and localized matrix degradation. GzmB induced a ~4-5-fold increase in MMP-1 secretion by cultured fibroblasts. GzmB induced phosphorylation of Erk1/2, which was abrogated by PD98059. GzmB-induced upregulation of MMP-1 secretion was also reduced by PD98059. Blockade of PAR-1 function by ATAP-2 abrogated the increase in MMP-1 secretion by GF. Circulating MMP-1 was similar in WT and GzmB-/- mice, suggesting that GzmB's effects on MMP-1 release are not reflected systemically. CONCLUSION These data point to a novel GzmB-driven signaling pathway in fibroblasts in which MMP-1 secretion is upregulated in a PAR1- and Erk1/2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Eltriki
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amir Reza Ahmadi
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yuya Nakao
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kalyan Golla
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Flavia Lakschevitz
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lari Häkkinen
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David J Granville
- ICORD Centre and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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27
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Jaiswal P, Meena NP, Chang FS, Liao XH, Kim L, Kimmel AR. An integrated, cross-regulation pathway model involving activating/adaptive and feed-forward/feed-back loops for directed oscillatory cAMP signal-relay/response during the development of Dictyostelium. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1263316. [PMID: 38357530 PMCID: PMC10865387 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1263316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-organized and excitable signaling activities play important roles in a wide range of cellular functions in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Cells require signaling networks to communicate amongst themselves, but also for response to environmental cues. Such signals involve complex spatial and temporal loops that may propagate as oscillations or waves. When Dictyostelium become starved for nutrients, cells within a localized space begin to secrete cAMP. Starved cells also become chemotactic to cAMP. cAMP signals propagate as outwardly moving waves that oscillate at ∼6 min intervals, which creates a focused territorial region for centralized cell aggregation. Proximal cells move inwardly toward the cAMP source and relay cAMP outwardly to recruit additional cells. To ensure directed inward movement and outward cAMP relay, cells go through adapted and de-adapted states for both cAMP synthesis/degradation and for directional cell movement. Although many immediate components that regulate cAMP signaling (including receptors, G proteins, an adenylyl cyclase, phosphodiesterases, and protein kinases) are known, others are only inferred. Here, using biochemical experiments coupled with gene inactivation studies, we model an integrated large, multi-component kinetic pathway involving activation, inactivation (adaptation), re-activation (re-sensitization), feed-forward, and feed-back controls to generate developmental cAMP oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pundrik Jaiswal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Netra Pal Meena
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Fu-Sheng Chang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xin-Hua Liao
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lou Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Alan R. Kimmel
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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He K, Xie M, Hong W, Li Y, Yin Y, Gao X, He Y, Chen Y, You C, Li J. CENPL accelerates cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and glycolysis via the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 166:106481. [PMID: 37914022 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Centromere protein L (CENPL) is involved in the mitotic process of eukaryotic cells and the development of various types of cancer. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of CENPL in HCC, and explore its involvement in regulating HCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and glycolysis both in vivo and in vitro. CENPL expression was analyzed in HCC and normal liver tissues using The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus mining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry. Functional assays were used to assess the role of CENPL in HCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and glycolysis. The potential pathways underlying the regulatory effects of CENPL, as well as the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related molecules and markers of proliferation and glycolysis were investigated. CENPL was significantly upregulated in HCC tissue and associated with multiple clinicopathological features and poor patient prognosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that CENPL may serve as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Upregulation of CENPL in HCC regulated tumor proliferation and glycolytic processes. Mechanistic studies revealed that differentially expressed genes between the CENPL-overexpressing and control groups were mainly concentrated in the MAPK signaling pathway. Pathway inhibition analysis indicated that CENPL activated the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway to promote proliferation and glycolysis in HCC cells. This study elucidated the role of CENPL in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and glycolysis in HCC. CENPL may represent a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun He
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengyi Xie
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Weifeng Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yonghe Li
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaolin Yin
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojin Gao
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi He
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Yuqing County, Zunyi 564499, Guizhou, China
| | - Chuan You
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jingdong Li
- Institute of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Intestinal Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, China.
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29
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Rodriguez FD, Covenas R. Association of Neurokinin-1 Receptor Signaling Pathways with Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:6460-6486. [PMID: 37594106 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230818110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous biochemical reactions leading to altered cell proliferation cause tumorigenesis and cancer treatment resistance. The mechanisms implicated include genetic and epigenetic changes, modified intracellular signaling, and failure of control mechanisms caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors alone or combined. No unique biochemical events are responsible; entangled molecular reactions conduct the resident cells in a tissue to display uncontrolled growth and abnormal migration. Copious experimental research supports the etiological responsibility of NK-1R (neurokinin-1 receptor) activation, alone or cooperating with other mechanisms, in cancer appearance in different tissues. Consequently, a profound study of this receptor system in the context of malignant processes is essential to design new treatments targeting NK-1R-deviated activity. METHODS This study reviews and discusses recent literature that analyzes the main signaling pathways influenced by the activation of neurokinin 1 full and truncated receptor variants. Also, the involvement of NK-1R in cancer development is discussed. CONCLUSION NK-1R can signal through numerous pathways and cross-talk with other receptor systems. The participation of override or malfunctioning NK-1R in malignant processes needs a more precise definition in different types of cancers to apply satisfactory and effective treatments. A long way has already been traveled: the current disposal of selective and effective NK-1R antagonists and the capacity to develop new drugs with biased agonistic properties based on the receptor's structural states with functional significance opens immediate research action and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco David Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group GIR USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rafael Covenas
- Group GIR USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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30
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Zhang C, Pan G, Qin JJ. Role of F-box proteins in human upper gastrointestinal tumors. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189035. [PMID: 38049014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination and degradation is an essential physiological process in almost all organisms. As the key participants in this process, the E3 ubiquitin ligases have been widely studied and recognized. F-box proteins, a crucial component of E3 ubiquitin ligases that regulates diverse biological functions, including cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis by facilitating the degradation of substrate proteins. Currently, there is an increasing focus on studying the role of F-box proteins in cancer. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the significant contributions of F-box proteins to the development of upper gastrointestinal tumors, highlighting their dual roles as both carcinogens and tumor suppressors. We delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of F-box proteins in upper gastrointestinal tumors, exploring their interactions with specific substrates and their cross-talks with other key signaling pathways. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of F-box proteins in radiotherapy resistance in the upper gastrointestinal tract, emphasizing their potential as clinical therapeutic and prognostic targets. Overall, this review provides an up-to-date understanding of the intricate involvement of F-box proteins in human upper gastrointestinal tumors, offering valuable insights for the identification of prognostic markers and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Zhang
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guangzhao Pan
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China.
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31
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Wang W, Lu D, Shi Y, Wang Y. Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Lithium in Ischemic Stroke: A literature review. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:284-298. [PMID: 38169754 PMCID: PMC10758146 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.88195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke ranks among the foremost clinical causes of mortality and disability, instigating neuronal degeneration, fatalities, and various sequelae. While standard treatments, such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy, prove effective, they come with limitations. Hence, there is a compelling need to develop neuroprotective agents capable of improving the functional outcomes of the nervous system. Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated that lithium can act in multiple molecular pathways, including glycogen synthase kinase 3(GSK-3), the Wnt signaling pathway, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and glutamate receptors. Through these pathways, lithium has been shown to affect inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, excitotoxicity, and other pathological processes, thereby improving central nervous system (CNS) damage caused by ischemic stroke. Despite these promising preclinical findings, the number of clinical trials exploring lithium's efficacy remains limited. Additional trials are imperative to thoroughly ascertain the effectiveness and safety of lithium in clinical settings. This review delineates the mechanisms underpinning lithium's neuroprotective capabilities in the context of ischemic stroke. It elucidates the intricate interplay between these mechanisms and sheds light on the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory markers in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the review offers directions for future research, thereby advancing the understanding of the potential therapeutic utility of lithium and establishing a theoretical foundation for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Dunlin Lu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Youkui Shi
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology Ⅱ, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
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32
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Hajizadeh M, Hajizadeh F, Ghaffarei S, Amin Doustvandi M, Hajizadeh K, Yaghoubi SM, Mohammadnejad F, Khiabani NA, Mousavi P, Baradaran B. MicroRNAs and their vital role in apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma: miRNA-based diagnostic and treatment methods. Gene 2023; 888:147803. [PMID: 37716587 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies with high invasive and metastatic capability. Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of HCC, the overall survival rate of patients is still low. It is essential to explore accurate biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis along with therapeutic procedures to increase the survival rate of these patients. Anticancer therapies can contribute to induce apoptosis for the elimination of cancerous cells. However, dysregulated apoptosis and proliferation signaling pathways lead to treatment resistance, a significant challenge in improving efficient therapies. MiRNAs, short non-coding RNAs, play crucial roles in the progression of HCC, which regulate gene expression through post-transcriptional inhibition and targeting mRNA degradation in cancers. Dysregulated expression of multiple miRNAs is associated with numerous biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and drug resistance in HCC. This review summarizes the role and potential efficacy of miRNAs in promoting and inhibiting cell proliferation and apoptosis in HCC, as well as the role of miRNAs in therapy resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Hajizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Hajizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevil Ghaffarei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Khadijeh Hajizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Yaghoubi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Pegah Mousavi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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33
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Zhou M, Boulos JC, Klauck SM, Efferth T. The cardiac glycoside ZINC253504760 induces parthanatos-type cell death and G2/M arrest via downregulation of MEK1/2 phosphorylation in leukemia cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2971-2997. [PMID: 37322258 PMCID: PMC10693532 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09813-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) represents a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are efficient in the treatment of heart failure and recently emerged in a new role in the treatment of cancer. ZINC253504760, a synthetic cardenolide that is structurally similar to well-known GCs, digitoxin and digoxin, has not been investigated yet. This study aims to investigate the cytotoxicity of ZINC253504760 on MDR cell lines and its molecular mode of action for cancer treatment. Four drug-resistant cell lines (P-glycoprotein-, ABCB5-, and EGFR-overexpressing cells, and TP53-knockout cells) did not show cross-resistance to ZINC253504760 except BCRP-overexpressing cells. Transcriptomic profiling indicated that cell death and survival as well as cell cycle (G2/M damage) were the top cellular functions affected by ZINC253504760 in CCRF-CEM cells, while CDK1 was linked with the downregulation of MEK and ERK. With flow cytometry, ZINC253504760 induced G2/M phase arrest. Interestingly, ZINC253504760 induced a novel state-of-the-art mode of cell death (parthanatos) through PARP and PAR overexpression as shown by western blotting, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) translocation by immunofluorescence, DNA damage by comet assay, and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse by flow cytometry. These results were ROS-independent. Furthermore, ZINC253504760 is an ATP-competitive MEK inhibitor evidenced by its interaction with the MEK phosphorylation site as shown by molecular docking in silico and binding to recombinant MEK by microscale thermophoresis in vitro. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to describe a cardenolide that induces parthanatos in leukemia cells, which may help to improve efforts to overcome drug resistance in cancer. A cardiac glycoside compound ZINC253504760 displayed cytotoxicity against different multidrug-resistant cell lines. ZINC253504760 exhibited cytotoxicity in CCRF-CEM leukemia cells by predominantly inducing a new mode of cell death (parthanatos). ZINC253504760 downregulated MEK1/2 phosphorylation and further affected ERK activation, which induced G2/M phase arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joelle C Boulos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine M Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), National Center for Tumor Disease (NCT), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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34
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Qin YY, Yang Y, Ren YH, Gao F, Wang MJ, Li G, Liu YX, Fan L. A pan-cancer analysis of the MAPK family gene and their association with prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic targets. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35829. [PMID: 37960824 PMCID: PMC10637530 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinases family of genes plays a crucial role in a wide range of inflammatory responses in the human body. The MAPK family of genes includes ERK, ERK5, JNK, P-38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. However, the correlation between MAPK family gene expression and pan-cancer prognosis, as well as the tumor microenvironment, has not been extensively studied. This study integrated multiple bioinformatics analysis methods to assess the expression and prognostic value of MAPK family genes, as well as their relationship with tumor microenvironment in patients with pan-cancer. The results showed that ERK, JNK, and P-38 MAPK expression were found to be significantly upregulated in rectum adenocarcinoma (READ), colon adenocarcinoma/rectum adenocarcinoma esophageal carcinoma (COADREAD), and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and significantly downregulated in acute myeloid leukemia. And the results revealed good prognostic results for ERK, JNK, and P-38 MAPK in READ, COADREAD, and KIRC. We observed significant positive correlation between MAPK family gene expression and immune scores especially dendritic cells in READ, COADREAD, and KIRC. And we observed that the expression levels of MAPK family genes were significantly correlated with the expression of immune-related genes, such as CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCR1, CXCR2, CTLA-4, CD80, CD86, and CD28, suggesting their important role in regulating immune infiltrates and tumor progression. Therefore, our study suggested that MAPK family gene plays an important role in regulating immune infiltrates and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yan-Hui Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Min-Jie Wang
- Medical Experimental Center, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yun-Xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Lei Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
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Cheng L, Yan H, Liu Y, Guan G, Cheng P. Dissecting multifunctional roles of forkhead box transcription factor D1 in cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188986. [PMID: 37716516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the forkhead box (FOX) family of transcription factors (TF), FOXD1 has recently been implicated as a crucial regulator in a variety of human cancers. Accumulating evidence has established dysregulated and aberrant FOXD1 signaling as a prominent feature in cancer development and progression. However, there is a lack of systematic review on this topic. Here, we summarized the present understanding of FOXD1 functions in cancer biology and reviewed the downstream targets and upstream regulatory mechanisms of FOXD1 as well as the related signaling pathways within the context of current reports. We highlighted the functional features of FOXD1 in cancers to identify the future research consideration of this multifunctional transcription factor and potential therapeutic strategies targeting its oncogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haixu Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gefei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Liu H, Acharya S, Sudan SK, Hu L, Wu C, Cao Y, Li H, Zhang X. Comparative study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the G protein and β-arrestin-dependent pathways that lead to ERKs activation upon stimulation by dopamine D 2 receptor. FEBS J 2023; 290:5204-5233. [PMID: 37531324 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2 R) has been shown to activate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) via distinct pathways dependent on either G-protein or β-arrestin. However, there has not been a systematic study of the regulatory process of D2 R-mediated ERKs activation by G protein- versus β-arrestin-dependent signaling since D2 R stimulation of ERKs reflects the simultaneous action of both pathways. Here, we investigated that differential regulation of D2 R-mediated ERKs activation via these two pathways. Our results showed that G protein-dependent ERKs activation was transient, rapid, reached maximum level at around 2 min, and importantly, the activated ERKs were entirely confined to the cytoplasm. In contrast, β-arrestin-dependent ERKs activation was more sustained, slower, reached maximum level at around 10 min, and phosphorylated ERKs translocated into the nucleus. Src was found to be commonly involved in both the G protein- and β-arrestin-dependent pathway-mediated ERKs activation. Pertussis toxin Gi/o inhibitor, GRK2-CT, AG1478 epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, and wortmannin phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor all blocked G protein-dependent ERKs activation. In contrast, GRK2 and β-Arr2 played a main role in β-arrestin-dependent ERKs activation. Receptor endocytosis showed minimal effect on the activation of ERKs mediated by both pathways. Furthermore, we found that the formation of a complex composed of phospho-ERKs, β-Arr2, and importinβ1 promoted the nuclear translocation of activated ERKs. The differential regulation of various cellular components, as well as temporal and spatial patterns of ERKs activation via these two pathways, suggest the existence of distinct physiological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Srijan Acharya
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sarabjeet Kour Sudan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Li Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chengyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongkai Cao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, People's Hospital of Zunyi City Bo Zhou District, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Postwala H, Shah Y, Parekh PS, Chorawala MR. Unveiling the genetic and epigenetic landscape of colorectal cancer: new insights into pathogenic pathways. Med Oncol 2023; 40:334. [PMID: 37855910 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations, playing a crucial role in its development and progression. This review aims to provide insights into the emerging landscape of these alterations in CRC pathogenesis to develop effective diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. Genetic alterations in signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR are pivotal in CRC development. Genetic profiling has identified distinct molecular subtypes, enabling personalized treatment strategies. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, also contribute to CRC pathogenesis by influencing critical cellular processes through gene silencing or activation. Non-coding RNAs have emerged as essential players in epigenetic regulation and CRC progression. Recent research highlights the interplay between genetic and epigenetic alterations in CRC. Genetic mutations can affect epigenetic modifications, leading to dysregulated gene expression and signaling cascades. Conversely, epigenetic changes can modulate genetic expression, amplifying or dampening the effects of genetic alterations. Advancements in understanding pathogenic pathways have potential clinical applications. Identifying genetic and epigenetic markers as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers promises more accurate risk assessment and early detection. Challenges remain, including validating biomarkers and developing robust therapeutic strategies through extensive research and clinical trials. The dynamic nature of genetic and epigenetic alterations necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their temporal and spatial patterns during CRC progression. In conclusion, the genetic and epigenetic landscape of CRC is increasingly being unraveled, providing valuable insights into its pathogenesis. Integrating genetic and epigenetic knowledge holds great potential for improving diagnostics, prognostics, and personalized therapies in CRC. Continued research efforts are vital to translate these findings into clinical practice, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humzah Postwala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Yesha Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Priyajeet S Parekh
- AV Pharma LLC, 1545 University Blvd N Ste A, Jacksonville, Florida, 32211, USA
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
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Zhao H, Xiang G, Shao T, Wang M, Dai W. HK2 contributes to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by enhancing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220726. [PMID: 37854321 PMCID: PMC10579878 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexokinase 2 (HK2) has been associated with carcinogenic growth in numerous kinds of malignancies as essential regulators during the processing of glucose. This study aimed to explore the effects of HK2 on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells via the ERK1/2 signaling. Expressions of HK2 and ERK1/2 were examined in DLBCL cell lines using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. HK2 and ERK1/2 were attenuated through HK2 small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and ERK inhibitor FR180204, respectively, in U2932 and SU-DHL-4 cells. Cell Counting Kit-8, clone formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were used in evaluating the effects of HK2 and ERK1/2 on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Moreover, a xenograft model was created to assess the roles of HK2 in vivo. HK2 and ERK1/2 were evidently up-regulated in DLBCL cell lines. HK2 knockdown and FR180204 markedly suppressed the proliferation and clonogenesis of U2932 and SU-DHL-4 cells and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. We also found that HK2 silencing suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Notably, HK2 knockdown inactivated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that inhibition of HK2 may suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of DLBCL cells, partly via inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcan Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoqian Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingjun Shao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijian Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Zhejiang, China
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Jiang X, Lin Y, Zhao M, Li Y, Ye P, Pei R, Lu Y, Jiang L. Platycodin D induces apoptotic cell death through PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways and synergizes with venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175957. [PMID: 37541375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous and rapidly progressive hematopoietic neoplasm characterized by frequent relapses and variable prognoses. The development of new treatment options, therefore, is of crucial importance. Platycodin D (PD) is a triterpenoid saponin, extracted from the roots of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC., which has been reported to exhibit therapeutic potential against a broad range of cancers. Although the effects of PD on AML remain unclear, in the present study, we observed a concentration-dependent reduction in the viability of multiple human AML cell lines in response to treatment with PD. In addition to triggering mitochondria-dependent apoptosis via the upregulation of BAK and BIM, treatment with PD also induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Western blot analyses revealed marked suppression of the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), glycogen synthase kinase-3β, ribosomal protein S6, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) by PD, in turn implying the participation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathways. Pre-incubation with LY294002, MK2206, AR-A014418, or U0126 was consistently found to significantly aggravate PD-induced inhibition of viability. Additionally, PD combined with the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) inhibitor venetoclax elicited synergistically enhanced cytotoxic effects. The anti-leukemic activity of PD was further validated using primary samples from de novo AML patients. Given the results of the present study, PD may be a potent therapeutic candidate for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Department of Pathology and Pathogenic Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of Pathology and Pathogenic Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Mengting Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Pathogenic Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Youhong Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Department of Pathology and Pathogenic Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peipei Ye
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Renzhi Pei
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Department of Pathology and Pathogenic Biology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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Li W, Yang Z, Ding L, Wang Y, Zhao X, Chu JJ, Ji Q, Yao M, Wang J. A novel 4-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-ylthio)pyrimidine derivative inhibits cell proliferation by suppressing the MEK/ERK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:489-502. [PMID: 37708962 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of malignant cancers worldwide. Although molecularly targeted therapies have significantly improved treatment outcomes, most of these target inhibitors are resistant. Novel inhibitors as potential anticancer drug candidates are still needed to be discovered. Therefore, in the present study, we synthesized a novel 4-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-ylthio)pyrimidine derivative (compound 4) using fragment- and structure-based techniques and then investigated the anticancer effect and underlying mechanism of anti-CRC. The results revealed that compound 4 significantly inhibited HCT116 cell proliferation with IC 50 values of 8.04 ± 0.94 µmol L-1 after 48 h and 5.52 ± 0.42 µmol L-1 after 72 h, respectively. Compound 4 also inhibited colony formation, migration, and invasion of HCT116 cells in a dose-dependent manner, as well as inducing cell apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. In addition, compound 4 was able to inhibit the activation of the MEK/ERK signaling in HCT116 cells. And compound 4 yielded the same effects as the MEK inhibitor U0126 on cell apoptosis and MEK/ERK-related proteins. These findings suggested that compound 4 inhi bited cell proliferation and growth, and induced cell apoptosis, indicating its use as a novel and potent anticancer agent against CRC via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Zhifu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Likun Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Jian Jie Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Qing Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Minna Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
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Wang Y, Cheng D, Li Z, Sun W, Zhou S, Peng L, Xiong H, Jia X, Li W, Han L, Liu Y, Ni C. IL33-mediated NPM1 promotes fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition via ERK/AP-1 signaling in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:71-86. [PMID: 37399107 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a global occupational pulmonary disease due to the accumulation of silica dust in the lung. Lacking effective clinical drugs makes the treatment of this disease quite challenging in clinics largely because the pathogenic mechanisms remain obscure. Interleukin 33 (IL33), a pleiotropic cytokine, could promote wound healing and tissue repair via the receptor ST2. However, the mechanisms governing the involvement of IL33 in silicosis progression remain to be further explored. Here, we demonstrated that the IL33 levels in the lung sections were significantly overexpressed after bleomycin and silica treatment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, knockdown, and reverse experiments were performed in lung fibroblasts to prove gene interaction following exogenous IL33 treatment or cocultured with silica-treated lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, we illustrated that silica-stimulated lung epithelial cells secreted IL33 and further promoted the activation, proliferation, and migration of pulmonary fibroblasts by activating the ERK/AP-1/NPM1 signaling pathway in vitro. And more, treatment with NPM1 siRNA-loaded liposomes markedly protected mice from silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. In conclusion, the involvement of NPM1 in the progression of silicosis is regulated by the IL33/ERK/AP-1 signaling axis, which is the potential therapeutic target candidate in developing novel antifibrotic strategies for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Demin Cheng
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenqing Sun
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Siyun Zhou
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lan Peng
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Haojie Xiong
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinying Jia
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Lei Han
- Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chunhui Ni
- Department of Occupational Medical and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Xia K, Zheng D, Wei Z, Liu W, Guo W. TRIM26 inhibited osteosarcoma progression through destabilizing RACK1 and thus inactivation of MEK/ERK signaling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:529. [PMID: 37591850 PMCID: PMC10435491 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive malignant tumor that is common in the pediatric population and has a high rate of disability and mortality. Recent studies have suggested that the tripartite motif-containing family genes (TRIMs) play critical roles in oncogenesis in several cancers. TRIM26, one of the TRIMs family genes, was more frequently reported to exert a tumor-suppressive role, while its detailed functional roles in the osteosarcoma progression were still unknown and require further investigation. Herein, we found that TRIM26 was markedly downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells. Survival analysis revealed that higher expression of TRIM26 was associated with better prognosis and its expression was an independent protective factor in osteosarcoma. Functional analysis demonstrated that overexpression of TRIM26 inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion via inhibiting the EMT process and MEK/ERK signaling. In contrast, the silence of TRIM26 caused the opposite effect. RACK1, a member of the Trp-Asp repeat protein family, was identified as a novel target of TRIM26. TRIM26 could interact with RACK1 and accelerate the degradation of RACK1, thus inactivation of MEK/ERK signaling. Overexpression of RACK1 could attenuate the inhibitory effect of TRIM26 overexpression on p-MEK1/2 and p-ERK1/2, and silence of RACK1 could partly impair the effect of TRIM26 knockdown-induced upregulation of p-MEK1/2 and p-ERK1/2. Further, a series of gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that decreased malignant behaviors including cell proliferation and invasion in TRIM26-upregulated cells were reversed when RACK1 was overexpressed, whereas RACK1 knockdown diminished the increased malignant phenotypes in TRIM26-silenced osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, our study indicated that TRIM26 inhibited osteosarcoma progression via promoting proteasomal degradation of RACK1, thereby resulting in inactivation of MEK/ERK signaling, and impeding the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhou Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Di Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wenda Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Ahmad M, Movileanu L. Multiplexed imaging for probing RAS-RAF interactions in living cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184173. [PMID: 37211322 PMCID: PMC10330472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
GTP-bound RAS interacts with its protein effectors in response to extracellular stimuli, leading to chemical inputs for downstream pathways. Significant progress has been made in measuring these reversible protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in various cell-free environments. Yet, acquiring high sensitivity in heterogeneous solutions remains challenging. Here, using an intermolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensing approach, we develop a method to visualize and localize HRAS-CRAF interactions in living cells. We demonstrate that the EGFR activation and the HRAS-CRAF complex formation can be concurrently probed in a single cell. This biosensing strategy discriminates EGF-stimulated HRAS-CRAF interactions at the cell and organelle membranes. In addition, we provide quantitative FRET measurements for assessing these transient PPIs in a cell-free environment. Finally, we prove the utility of this approach by showing that an EGFR-binding compound is a potent inhibitor of HRAS-CRAF interactions. The outcomes of this work form a fundamental basis for further explorations of the spatiotemporal dynamics of various signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244-1130, USA
| | - Liviu Movileanu
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244-1130, USA; Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; The BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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44
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Lin WC, Chiu YL, Kuo KL, Chow PM, Hsu CH, Liao SM, Dong JR, Chang SC, Liu SH, Liu TJ, Hsu FS, Wang KC, Lin YC, Chang CC, Huang KY. Anti-tumor effects of deubiquitinating enzyme inhibitor PR-619 in human chondrosarcoma through reduced cell proliferation and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3055-3066. [PMID: 37559983 PMCID: PMC10408468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma, a treatment-resistant cancer with limited therapeutic options, lacks significant advancements in treatment methods. However, PR-619, a novel inhibitor of deubiquitinating enzymes, has demonstrated anti-tumor effects in various malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the impact of PR-619 on chondrosarcoma both in vitro and in vivo. Two human chondrosarcoma cell lines, SW11353 and JJ012, were utilized. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay, while flow cytometry enabled the detection of apoptosis and cell cycle progression. Western blotting analyses were conducted to evaluate apoptosis, cell stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-tumor effects of PR-619 were examined using a xenograft mouse model. The results revealed that PR-619 induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 stage by activating caspases, PARP cleavage, and p21. Moreover, PR-619 increased the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins and ER stress by activating IRE1, GRP78, caspase-4, CHOP, and other cellular stress responses, including JNK activation. In vivo analysis demonstrated that PR-619 effectively inhibited tumor growth with minimal toxicity in the xenograft mouse model. These findings provide evidence of the anti-tumor effects and induction of cellular and ER stress by PR-619 in human chondrosarcoma, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for in human chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chou Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chiu
- Department of Medical Research, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine and Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, Yuan Ze University Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ming Chow
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Liao
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ren Dong
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Chang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Jung Liu
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shun Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Yangming Branch of Taipei City Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chih Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chih Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan, Taiwan
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Xu Y, Sun Y, Song X, Ren J. The mechanisms and diagnostic potential of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and their related signaling pathways in cervical cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1170059. [PMID: 37215076 PMCID: PMC10192553 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1170059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC), the fourth most prevalent type of cancer among women worldwide, is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Due to the long period of latency in CC, most patients are already in the middle to late stages when initially diagnosed, which greatly reduces the clinical cure rate and quality of survival, thus resulting in poor outcomes. In recent years, with continuous exploration in the fields of bioinformatics and molecules, it has been found that ncRNAs, including miRNAs and lncRNAs, without the ability to translate proteins are capable of activating or inhibiting certain signaling pathways by targeting and modulating the level of expression of proteins involved in these signaling pathways. ncRNAs play important roles in assisting with diagnosis, drug administration, and prediction of prognosis during CC progression. As an entry point, the mechanisms of interaction between miRNAs, lncRNAs, and signaling pathways have long been a focus in basic research relating to CC, and numerous experimental studies have confirmed the close relationship of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and signaling pathways with CC development. Against this background, we summarize the latest advances in the involvement of lncRNA- and miRNA-related signaling pathways in the development of CC to provide guidance for CC treatment.
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Abstract
Over the past decade, melanoma has led the field in new cancer treatments, with impressive gains in on-treatment survival but more modest improvements in overall survival. Melanoma presents heterogeneity and transcriptional plasticity that recapitulates distinct melanocyte developmental states and phenotypes, allowing it to adapt to and eventually escape even the most advanced treatments. Despite remarkable advances in our understanding of melanoma biology and genetics, the melanoma cell of origin is still fiercely debated because both melanocyte stem cells and mature melanocytes can be transformed. Animal models and high-throughput single-cell sequencing approaches have opened new opportunities to address this question. Here, we discuss the melanocytic journey from the neural crest, where they emerge as melanoblasts, to the fully mature pigmented melanocytes resident in several tissues. We describe a new understanding of melanocyte biology and the different melanocyte subpopulations and microenvironments they inhabit, and how this provides unique insights into melanoma initiation and progression. We highlight recent findings on melanoma heterogeneity and transcriptional plasticity and their implications for exciting new research areas and treatment opportunities. The lessons from melanocyte biology reveal how cells that are present to protect us from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation reach back to their origins to become a potentially deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia P Centeno
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Valeria Pavet
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Richard Marais
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK.
- Oncodrug Ltd, Alderly Park, Macclesfield, UK.
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47
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Chu Z, Yang S, Li Q, Shang J, Ren Z, Ren F. The V protein in oncolytic Newcastle disease virus promotes HepG2 hepatoma cell proliferation at the single-cell level. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:346. [PMID: 37069523 PMCID: PMC10108501 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an oncolytic virus that can inhibit cancer cell proliferation and kill cancer cells. The NDV nonstructural V protein can regulate viral replication; however, whether the V protein contributes to NDV oncolysis is unclear. RESULTS This study revealed that NDV inhibited tumor cell proliferation and that V protein expression promoted the proliferation of HepG2 cells, as determined at the single-cell level. In addition, to identify the regulatory mechanism of the V protein in HepG2 cells, transcriptome sequencing was performed and indicated that the expression/activation of multiple cell proliferation-related genes/signaling pathways were changed in cells overexpressing the V protein. Hence, the MAPK and WNT signaling pathways were selected for verification, and after blocking these two signaling pathways with inhibitors, the V protein promotion of cell proliferation was found to be attenuated. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that the V protein regulated the proliferation of cancer cells through multiple signaling pathways, providing valuable references for future studies on the mechanism by which the V protein regulates cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Chu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Immunity and Targeted Therapy for liver-intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Sihui Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qianru Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jianing Shang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zilong Ren
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Immunity and Targeted Therapy for liver-intestinal Tumors, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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Hao XS, Feng PP, Zhang YY, Wang FZ, Wang GL, Fei HR. Scutebarbatine A induces ROS-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis in breast cancer cells by modulating MAPK and EGFR/Akt signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 378:110487. [PMID: 37072049 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Scutebarbatine A (SBT-A), a diterpenoid alkaloid, has exerted cytotoxicity on hepatocellular carcinoma cells in our previous works. Here, the antitumor activity of SBT-A in breast cancer cells and the underlying mechanism were explored. The anti-proliferative effect of SBT-A was measured by trypan blue staining, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation and colony formation assay. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were evaluated by observing the nuclear focus formation of γ-H2AX. Cell cycle distribution was assessed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was determined by a TUNEL assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and superoxide production were measured with 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and dihydroethidium (DHE) staining, respectively. The results indicated that SBT-A showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cells while revealing less toxicity toward MCF-10A breast epithelial cells. Moreover, SBT-A remarkably induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. SBT-A treatment increased the levels of ROS and cytosolic superoxide production. Pretreatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, was sufficient to block viability reduction, DNA damage, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by SBT-A. By exposure to SBT-A, the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) was upregulated, while the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was downregulated. In addition, SBT-A inhibited the EGFR signaling pathway by decreasing EGFR expression and phosphorylation of Akt and p70S6K. As mentioned above, SBT-A has a potent inhibitory effect on breast cancer cells through induction of DNA damage, apoptosis and ER stress via ROS generation and modulation of MAPK and EGFR/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Shan Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, PR China
| | - Yun-Yun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, PR China
| | - Feng-Ze Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, PR China
| | - Gui-Ling Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, PR China
| | - Hong-Rong Fei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, PR China.
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49
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Wang D, Zhang W, Zhang X, Li M, Wu Q, Li X, Zhao L, Yuan Q, Yu Y, Lu J, Zhao J, Dong Z, Liu K, Jiang Y. Daurisoline suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting MEK1/2 kinase. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:517-531. [PMID: 36645220 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for 90% of esophageal cancers and has a high mortality rate worldwide. The 5-year survival rate of ESCC patients in developing countries is <20%. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing new and effective treatments that are based on newly-discovered emerging molecules and pathways to prevent ESCC occurrence and recurrence. We investigated the effects of Daurisoline, a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the rhizome of menisperum dauricum, on ESCC cell proliferation and elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying its functions. To explore the effects of Daurisoline on ESCC growth in vitro and in vivo, cell proliferation assays and anchorage-independent growth assays were performed and a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model was established. Subsequently, phosphoproteomics, molecular docking analysis, pull down assays, mutation experiments and in vitro kinase assay were performed to explore the mechanism of Daurisoline's function on ESCC. Daurisoline inhibited ESCC proliferation in vitro and reduced ESCC PDX exnograft growth in vivo by reducing ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, it directly bound to MEK1 (at Asn78 and Lys97) and MEK2 (at Asp194 and Asp212) kinases to inactivate the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Our results suggest that Daurisoline is a dual inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 and suppresses ESCC growth both in vitro and in vivo by inactivating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. This is first report on the use of MEK inhibitor for ESCC and highlights its potential applications for ESCC treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weizhe Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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50
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Cao Z, Guan L, Yu R, Yang F, Chen J. High Expression of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:517-530. [PMID: 37034304 PMCID: PMC10075271 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s402247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the most common tumors in the world. Our study aims to explore new markers and therapeutic targets for HCC. Heterogeneous Nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) has recently been found to be involved in the progression of several types of cancer, but its role in HCC remains uncovered. Methods We performed bioinformatic analysis to preliminarily show the relationship between hnRNPA1 and liver cancer. Then the correlation of the hnRNPA1 gene expression with clinicopathological characteristics of HCC patients was verified by human liver cancer tissue microarrays. The functional role of this gene was evaluated by in vivo and vitro experiments. Results Results showed that the expression of hnRNPA1 was upregulated in HCC tissues and was associated with pathological stage of HCC patients. Knockdown of hnRNPA1 gene markedly inhibited tumor growth in vivo, and reversed the effects on proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, down-regulation of hnRNPA1 gene expression can inhibit the activity of the MEK/ERK pathway. Conclusion In our work, we combined bioinformatic analysis with in vivo and in vitro experiments to initially elucidate the function of hnRNPA1 in liver cancer, which may help to explore biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runzhi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jie Chen; Fan Yang, Email ;
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