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Czekay RP, Higgins CE, Aydin HB, Samarakoon R, Subasi NB, Higgins SP, Lee H, Higgins PJ. SERPINE1: Role in Cholangiocarcinoma Progression and a Therapeutic Target in the Desmoplastic Microenvironment. Cells 2024; 13:796. [PMID: 38786020 PMCID: PMC11119900 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A heterogenous population of inflammatory elements, other immune and nonimmune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are evident in solid malignancies where they coexist with the growing tumor mass. In highly desmoplastic malignancies, CAFs are the prominent mesenchymal cell type in the tumor microenvironment (TME), where their presence and abundance signal a poor prognosis. CAFs play a major role in the progression of various cancers by remodeling the supporting stroma into a dense, fibrotic matrix while secreting factors that promote the maintenance of cancer stem-like characteristics, tumor cell survival, aggressive growth and metastasis and reduced sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Tumors with high stromal fibrotic signatures are more likely to be associated with drug resistance and eventual relapse. Identifying the molecular underpinnings for such multidirectional crosstalk among the various normal and neoplastic cell types in the TME may provide new targets and novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This review highlights recent concepts regarding the complexity of CAF biology in cholangiocarcinoma, a highly desmoplastic cancer. The discussion focuses on CAF heterogeneity, functionality in drug resistance, contributions to a progressively fibrotic tumor stroma, the involved signaling pathways and the participating genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf-Peter Czekay
- Department of Regenerative & Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.-P.C.); (C.E.H.); (R.S.); (S.P.H.)
| | - Craig E. Higgins
- Department of Regenerative & Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.-P.C.); (C.E.H.); (R.S.); (S.P.H.)
| | - Hasan Basri Aydin
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (H.B.A.); (N.B.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Rohan Samarakoon
- Department of Regenerative & Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.-P.C.); (C.E.H.); (R.S.); (S.P.H.)
| | - Nusret Bekir Subasi
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (H.B.A.); (N.B.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Stephen P. Higgins
- Department of Regenerative & Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.-P.C.); (C.E.H.); (R.S.); (S.P.H.)
| | - Hwajeong Lee
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (H.B.A.); (N.B.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Paul J. Higgins
- Department of Regenerative & Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.-P.C.); (C.E.H.); (R.S.); (S.P.H.)
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2
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Bai S, Song D, Chen M, Lai X, Xu J, Dong F. The association between mammographic density and breast cancer risk in Chinese women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:131. [PMID: 38378562 PMCID: PMC10877813 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-02960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast density has consistently been shown to be an independent risk factor for breast cancer in Western populations; however, few studies have evaluated this topic in Chinese women and there is not yet a unified view. This study investigated the association between mammographic density (MD) and breast cancer risk in Chinese women. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Wanfang databases were systematically searched in June 2023 to include all studies on the association between MD and breast cancer risk in Chinese women. A total of 13,977 breast cancer cases from 14 studies were chosen, including 10 case-control/cross-sectional studies, and 4 case-only studies. For case-control/cross-sectional studies, the odds ratios (ORs) of MD were combined using random effects models, and for case-only studies, relative odds ratios (RORs) were combinations of premenopausal versus postmenopausal breast cancer cases. RESULTS Women with BI-RADS density category II-IV in case-control/cross-sectional studies had a 0.93-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55, 1.57), 1.08-fold (95% CI 0.40, 2.94), and 1.24-fold (95% CI 0.42, 3.69) higher risk compared to women with the lowest density category. Combined RORs for premenopausal versus postmenopausal women in case-only studies were 3.84 (95% CI 2.92, 5.05), 22.65 (95% CI 7.21, 71.13), and 42.06 (95% CI 4.22, 419.52), respectively, for BI-RADS density category II-IV versus I. CONCLUSIONS For Chinese women, breast cancer risk is weakly associated with MD; however, breast cancer risk is more strongly correlated with mammographic density in premenopausal women than postmenopausal women. Further research on the factors influencing MD in premenopausal women may provide meaningful insights into breast cancer prevention in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Bai
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Di Song
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Xiaoshu Lai
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China.
| | - Fajin Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China.
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Wu K, Lin F. Lipid Metabolism as a Potential Target of Liver Cancer. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:327-346. [PMID: 38375401 PMCID: PMC10875169 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s450423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a severe malignant tumor with a profound impact on overall health, often accompanied by an unfavorable prognosis. Despite some advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, improving the prognosis of HCC remains a formidable challenge. It is noteworthy that lipid metabolism plays a pivotal role in the onset, development, and progression of tumor cells. Existing research indicates the potential application of targeting lipid metabolism in the treatment of HCC. This review aims to thoroughly explore the alterations in lipid metabolism in HCC, offering a detailed account of the potential advantages associated with innovative therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism. Targeting lipid metabolism holds promise for potentially enhancing the prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangze Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feizhuan Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Jiang M, Karsenberg R, Bianchi F, van den Bogaart G. CD36 as a double-edged sword in cancer. Immunol Lett 2024; 265:7-15. [PMID: 38122906 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The membrane protein CD36 is a lipid transporter, scavenger receptor, and receptor for the antiangiogenic protein thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). CD36 is expressed by cancer cells and by many associated cells including various cancer-infiltrating immune cell types. Thereby, CD36 plays critical roles in cancer, and it has been reported to affect cancer growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. However, these roles are partly contradictory, as CD36 has been both reported to promote and inhibit cancer progression. Moreover, the mechanisms are also partly contradictory, because CD36 has been shown to exert opposite cellular effects such as cell division, senescence and cell death. This review provides an overview of the diverse effects of CD36 on tumor progression, aiming to shed light on its diverse pro- and anti-cancer roles, and the implications for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muwei Jiang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Renske Karsenberg
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Lambrescu IM, Gaina GF, Ceafalan LC, Hinescu ME. Inside anticancer therapy resistance and metastasis. Focus on CD36. J Cancer 2024; 15:1675-1686. [PMID: 38370376 PMCID: PMC10869978 DOI: 10.7150/jca.90457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in targeted cancer therapies, drug resistance remains an important setback in tumor control. Understanding the complex mechanisms involved in both innate and acquired drug resistance represents the first step in discovering novel therapeutic agents. Because of its importance in tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis, lipid metabolism is increasingly garnering attention. CD36 is a membrane receptor at the top of the signaling cascade that transports lipids. Its expression has been repeatedly presented as an unfavorable prognostic factor for various tumor types, raising the question: could CD36 be a critical factor in cancer treatment resistance? In our review, we set out to explore the most prominent studies on the implication of CD36 in resistance to platinum-based drugs and other adjuvant cancer therapies in solid and haematological neoplasia. Moreover, we provide an overview of the latest anti-CD36 cancer therapies, thus opening new perspectives for future personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana M. Lambrescu
- Cell Biology, Neurosciences, and Experimental Myology Laboratory, Victor Babeș Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gisela F. Gaina
- Cell Biology, Neurosciences, and Experimental Myology Laboratory, Victor Babeș Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura C. Ceafalan
- Cell Biology, Neurosciences, and Experimental Myology Laboratory, Victor Babeș Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihail E. Hinescu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babes," 050096 Bucharest, Romania
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Zhou X, Su M, Lu J, Li D, Niu X, Wang Y. CD36: The Bridge between Lipids and Tumors. Molecules 2024; 29:531. [PMID: 38276607 PMCID: PMC10819246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been found that the development of some cancers can be attributed to obesity, which is associated with the excessive intake of lipids. Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, shifting from utilizing glucose to fatty acids (FAs) for energy. CD36, a lipid transporter, is highly expressed in certain kinds of cancer cells. High expressions of CD36 in tumor cells triggers FA uptake and lipid accumulation, promoting rapid tumor growth and initiating metastasis. Meanwhile, immune cells in the tumor microenvironment overexpress CD36 and undergo metabolic reprogramming. CD36-mediated FA uptake leads to lipid accumulation and has immunosuppressive effects. This paper reviews the types of FAs associated with cancer, high expressions of CD36 that promote cancer development and progression, effects of CD36 on different immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, and the current status of CD36 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of tumors with high CD36 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manman Su
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (D.L.); (X.N.)
| | | | | | | | - Yi Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.Z.); (J.L.); (D.L.); (X.N.)
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Kanbayti IH, Alzahrani MA, Yeslam YO, Habib NH, Hadadi I, Almaimoni Y, Alahmadi A, Ekpo EU. Association between Family History of Breast Cancer and Breast Density in Saudi Premenopausal Women Participating in Mammography Screening. Clin Pract 2024; 14:164-172. [PMID: 38391399 PMCID: PMC10887693 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammographic density and family history of breast cancer (FHBC) are well-established independent factors affecting breast cancer risk; however, the association between these two risk factors in premenopausal-screened women remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between mammographic density and FHBC among Saudi premenopausal-screened women. METHODS A total of 446 eligible participants were included in the study. Mammographic density was assessed qualitatively using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS 4th edition). Logistic regression models were built to investigate the relationship between mammographic density and FHBC. RESULTS Women with a family history of breast cancer demonstrated an 87% greater chance of having dense tissue than women without a family history of breast cancer (95% CI: 1.14-3.08; p = 0.01). Having a positive family history for breast cancer in mothers was significantly associated with dense tissue (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 5.6; 95% CI: 1.3-24.1; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Dense breast tissue in Saudi premenopausal women undergoing screening may be linked to FHBC. If this conclusion is replicated in larger studies, then breast cancer risk prediction models must carefully consider these breast cancer risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahem Hussain Kanbayti
- Radiologic Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayada A Alzahrani
- Radiologic Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara O Yeslam
- Radiologic Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noora H Habib
- Radiologic Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Hadadi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Almaimoni
- Radiologic Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Alahmadi
- Radiologic Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ernest U Ekpo
- Medical Image Optimization and Perception Group (MIOPeG), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Campus C4 75 East Street, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia
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8
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Yu C, Yang W, Tian L, Qin Y, Gong Y, Cheng W. Construction of immunogenic cell death-related molecular subtypes and prognostic signature in colorectal cancer. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230836. [PMID: 38025525 PMCID: PMC10655694 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising treatment for advanced colorectal cancers (CRCs). However, immunotherapy resistance remains a common problem. Immunogenic cell death (ICD), a form of regulated cell death, induces adaptive immunity, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immunity. Research increasingly suggests that inducing ICD is a promising avenue for cancer immunotherapy and identifying ICD-related biomarkers for CRCs would create a new direction for targeted therapies. Thus, this study used bioinformatics to address these questions and create a prognostic signature, aiming to improve individualized CRC treatment. We identified two ICD -related molecular subtypes of CRCs. The high subtype showed pronounced immune cell infiltration, high immune activity, and high expression of human leukocyte antigen and immune checkpoints genes. Subsequently, we constructed and validated a prognostic signature comprising six genes (CD1A, TSLP, CD36, TIMP1, MC1R, and NRG1) using random survival forest analyses. Further analysis using this prediction model indicated that patients with CRCs in the low-risk group exhibited favorable clinical outcomes and better immunotherapy responses than those in the high-risk group. Our findings provide novel insights into determining the prognosis and design of personalized immunotherapeutic strategies for patients with CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Weixuan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Huai’an, Huai’an223300, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong643000, China
| | - Yue Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Yaoyao Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Wenfang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing210029, China
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9
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Caruso JA, Wang X, Murrow LM, Rodriguez CI, Chen-Tanyolac C, Vu L, Chen YY, Gascard P, Gartner ZJ, Kerlikowske K, Tlsty TD. Loss of PPARγ activity characterizes early protumorigenic stromal reprogramming and dictates the therapeutic window of opportunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303774120. [PMID: 37816052 PMCID: PMC10589683 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303774120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although robustly expressed in the disease-free (DF) breast stroma, CD36 is consistently absent from the stroma surrounding invasive breast cancers (IBCs). In this study, we primarily observed CD36 expression in adipocytes and intralobular capillaries within the DF breast. Larger vessels concentrated in interlobular regions lacked CD36 and were instead marked by the expression of CD31. When evaluated in perilesional capillaries surrounding ductal carcinoma in situ, a nonobligate IBC precursor, CD36 loss was more commonly observed in lesions associated with subsequent IBC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) governs the expression of CD36 and genes involved in differentiation, metabolism, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Coincident with CD36 loss, we observed a dramatic suppression of PPARγ and its target genes in capillary endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes, which typically surround and support the stability of the capillary endothelium. Factors present in conditioned media from malignant cells repressed PPARγ and its target genes not only in cultured ECs and pericytes but also in adipocytes, which require PPARγ for proper differentiation. In addition, we identified a role for PPARγ in opposing the transition of pericytes toward a tumor-supportive myofibroblast phenotype. In mouse xenograft models, early intervention with rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, demonstrated significant antitumor effects; however, following the development of a palpable tumor, the antitumor effects of rosiglitazone were negated by the repression of PPARγ in the mouse stroma. In summary, PPARγ activity in healthy tissues places several stromal cell types in an antitumorigenic state, directly inhibiting EC proliferation, maintaining adipocyte differentiation, and suppressing the transition of pericytes into tumor-supportive myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Caruso
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lyndsay M Murrow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | | | | | - Lisa Vu
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Yunn-Yi Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Philippe Gascard
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Zev J Gartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Karla Kerlikowske
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Thea D Tlsty
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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10
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Ye L, Li Y, Zhang S, Wang J, Lei B. Exosomes-regulated lipid metabolism in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:27-39. [PMID: 37291031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence highlights the role of lipid metabolism in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Targeting the processes of lipid metabolism, including lipogenesis, lipid uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and lipolysis, is an optimal strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Beyond cell-cell membrane surface interaction, exosomes are pivotal factors that transduce intercellular signals in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Most research focuses on the role of lipid metabolism in regulating exosome biogenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The mechanisms of exosome and ECM-mediated reprogramming of lipid metabolism are currently unclear. We summarize several mechanisms associated with the regulation of lipid metabolism in cancer, including transport of exosomal carriers and membrane receptors, activation of the PI3K pathway, ECM ligand-receptor interactions, and mechanical stimulation. This review aims to highlight the significance of these intercellular factors in TME and to deepen the understanding of the functions of exosomes and ECM in the regulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiguang Ye
- Department of Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yingpu Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Sifan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Bo Lei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China.
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Strasser MK, Gibbs DL, Gascard P, Bons J, Hickey JW, Schürch CM, Tan Y, Black S, Chu P, Ozkan A, Basisty N, Sangwan V, Rose J, Shah S, Camilleri-Broet S, Fiset PO, Bertos N, Berube J, Djambazian H, Li R, Oikonomopoulos S, Fels-Elliott DR, Vernovsky S, Shimshoni E, Collyar D, Russell A, Ragoussis I, Stachler M, Goldenring JR, McDonald S, Ingber DE, Schilling B, Nolan GP, Tlsty TD, Huang S, Ferri LE. Concerted epithelial and stromal changes during progression of Barrett's Esophagus to invasive adenocarcinoma exposed by multi-scale, multi-omics analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.08.544265. [PMID: 37333362 PMCID: PMC10274886 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.544265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma arises from Barrett's esophagus, a precancerous metaplastic replacement of squamous by columnar epithelium in response to chronic inflammation. Multi-omics profiling, integrating single-cell transcriptomics, extracellular matrix proteomics, tissue-mechanics and spatial proteomics of 64 samples from 12 patients' paths of progression from squamous epithelium through metaplasia, dysplasia to adenocarcinoma, revealed shared and patient-specific progression characteristics. The classic metaplastic replacement of epithelial cells was paralleled by metaplastic changes in stromal cells, ECM and tissue stiffness. Strikingly, this change in tissue state at metaplasia was already accompanied by appearance of fibroblasts with characteristics of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and of an NK cell-associated immunosuppressive microenvironment. Thus, Barrett's esophagus progresses as a coordinated multi-component system, supporting treatment paradigms that go beyond targeting cancerous cells to incorporating stromal reprogramming.
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Fang WB, Medrano M, Cote P, Portsche M, Rao V, Hong Y, Behbod F, Knapp JR, Bloomer C, Noel-Macdonnell J, Cheng N. Transcriptome analysis reveals differences in cell cycle, growth and migration related genes that distinguish fibroblasts derived from pre-invasive and invasive breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130911. [PMID: 37091166 PMCID: PMC10118028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Introduction As the most common form of pre-invasive breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) affects over 50,000 women in the US annually. Despite standardized treatment involving lumpectomy and radiation therapy, up to 25% of patients with DCIS experience disease recurrence often with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), indicating that a subset of patients may be under-treated. As most DCIS cases will not progress to invasion, many patients may experience over-treatment. By understanding the underlying processes associated with DCIS to IDC progression, we can identify new biomarkers to determine which DCIS cases may become invasive and improve treatment for patients. Accumulation of fibroblasts in IDC is associated with disease progression and reduced survival. While fibroblasts have been detected in DCIS, little is understood about their role in DCIS progression. Goals We sought to determine 1) whether DCIS fibroblasts were similar or distinct from normal and IDC fibroblasts at the transcriptome level, and 2) the contributions of DCIS fibroblasts to breast cancer progression. Methods Fibroblasts underwent transcriptome profiling and pathway analysis. Significant DCIS fibroblast-associated genes were further analyzed in existing breast cancer mRNA databases and through tissue array immunostaining. Using the sub-renal capsule graft model, fibroblasts from normal breast, DCIS and IDC tissues were co-transplanted with DCIS.com breast cancer cells. Results Through transcriptome profiling, we found that DCIS fibroblasts were characterized by unique alterations in cell cycle and motility related genes such as PKMYT1, TGF-α, SFRP1 and SFRP2, which predicted increased cell growth and invasion by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Immunostaining analysis revealed corresponding increases in expression of stromal derived PKMYT1, TGF-α and corresponding decreases in expression of SFRP1 and SFRP2 in DCIS and IDC tissues. Grafting studies in mice revealed that DCIS fibroblasts enhanced breast cancer growth and invasion associated with arginase-1+ cell recruitment. Conclusion DCIS fibroblasts are phenotypically distinct from normal breast and IDC fibroblasts, and play an important role in breast cancer growth, invasion, and recruitment of myeloid cells. These studies provide novel insight into the role of DCIS fibroblasts in breast cancer progression and identify some key biomarkers associated with DCIS progression to IDC, with important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bin Fang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Marcela Medrano
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Paige Cote
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Mike Portsche
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Vinamratha Rao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Yan Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Fariba Behbod
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Jennifer R. Knapp
- Center for Genes Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Clark Bloomer
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Janelle Noel-Macdonnell
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Core, Health Services and Outcomes Research Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Nikki Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
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13
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Nicolini G, Balzan S, Forini F. Activated fibroblasts in cardiac and cancer fibrosis: An overview of analogies and new potential therapeutic options. Life Sci 2023; 321:121575. [PMID: 36933828 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease and cancer are two major causes of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized countries, and their increasingly recognized connections are shifting the focus from single disease studies to an interdisciplinary approach. Fibroblast-mediated intercellular crosstalk is critically involved in the evolution of both pathologies. In healthy myocardium and in non-cancerous conditions, resident fibroblasts are the main cell source for synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and important sentinels of tissue integrity. In the setting of myocardial disease or cancer, quiescent fibroblasts activate, respectively, into myofibroblasts (myoFbs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), characterized by increased production of contractile proteins, and by a highly proliferative and secretory phenotype. Although the initial activation of myoFbs/CAFs is an adaptive process to repair the damaged tissue, massive deposition of ECM proteins leads to maladaptive cardiac or cancer fibrosis, a recognized marker of adverse outcome. A better understanding of the key mechanisms orchestrating fibroblast hyperactivity may help developing innovative therapeutic options to restrain myocardial or tumor stiffness and improve patient prognosis. Albeit still unappreciated, the dynamic transition of myocardial and tumor fibroblasts into myoFbs and CAFs shares several common triggers and signaling pathways relevant to TGF-β dependent cascade, metabolic reprogramming, mechanotransduction, secretory properties, and epigenetic regulation, which might lay the foundation for future antifibrotic intervention. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight emerging analogies in the molecular signature underlying myoFbs and CAFs activation with the purpose of identifying novel prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers, and to elucidate the potential of drug repositioning strategies to mitigate cardiac/cancer fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvana Balzan
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Forini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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14
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Isik OA, Cizmecioglu O. Rafting on the Plasma Membrane: Lipid Rafts in Signaling and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1436:87-108. [PMID: 36648750 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is not a uniform phospholipid bilayer; it has specialized membrane nano- or microdomains called lipid rafts. Lipid rafts are small cholesterol and sphingolipid-rich plasma membrane islands. Although their existence was long debated, their presence in the plasma membrane of living cells is now well accepted with the advent of super-resolution imaging techniques. It is interesting to note that lipid rafts function to compartmentalize receptors and their regulators and substantially modulate cellular signaling. In this review, we will examine the role of lipid rafts and caveolae-lipid raft-like microdomains with a distinct 3D morphology-in cellular signaling. Moreover, we will investigate how raft compartmentalized signaling regulates diverse physiological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, immune signaling, and development. Also, the deregulation of lipid raft-mediated signaling during tumorigenesis and metastasis will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Aybuke Isik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Cizmecioglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
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15
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Guerrero-Rodríguez SL, Mata-Cruz C, Pérez-Tapia SM, Velasco-Velázquez MA. Role of CD36 in cancer progression, stemness, and targeting. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1079076. [PMID: 36568966 PMCID: PMC9772993 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1079076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36 is highly expressed in diverse tumor types and its expression correlates with advanced stages, poor prognosis, and reduced survival. In cancer cells, CD36: 1) increases fatty acid uptake, reprogramming lipid metabolism; 2) favors cancer cell proliferation, and 3) promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, CD36 expression correlates with the expression of cancer stem cell markers and CD36+ cancer cells display increased stemness functional properties, including clonogenicity, chemo- and radioresistance, and metastasis-initiating capability, suggesting CD36 is a marker of the cancer stem cell population. Thus, CD36 has been pointed as a potential therapeutic target in cancer. At present, at least three different types of molecules have been developed for reducing CD36-mediated functions: blocking monoclonal antibodies, small-molecule inhibitors, and compounds that knock-down CD36 expression. Herein, we review the role of CD36 in cancer progression, its participation in stemness control, as well as the efficacy of reported CD36 inhibitors in cancer cell cultures and animal models. Overall, the evidence compiled points that CD36 is a valid target for the development of new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Mata-Cruz
- Pharmacology Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico,Graduate Program in Biochemical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sonia M. Pérez-Tapia
- Research and Development in Biotherapeutics Unit, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico,National Laboratory for Specialized Services of Investigation Development and Innovation (I+D+i) for Pharma Chemicals and Biotechnological products LANSEIDI-FarBiotec-CONACyT, Mexico City, Mexico,Immunology Department, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco A. Velasco-Velázquez
- Pharmacology Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico,*Correspondence: Marco A. Velasco-Velázquez,
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16
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CD36 and Its Role in Regulating the Tumor Microenvironment. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8133-8145. [PMID: 36354702 PMCID: PMC9688853 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that binds to a wide range of ligands, including fatty acids (FAs), cholesterol, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2), and plays an important role in lipid metabolism, immune response, and angiogenesis. Recent studies have highlighted the role of CD36 in mediating lipid uptake by tumor-associated immune cells and in promoting tumor cell progression. In cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), CD36 regulates lipid uptake and matrix protein production to promote tumor proliferation. In addition, CD36 can promote tumor cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and induce epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). In terms of tumor angiogenesis, CD36 binding to TSP-1 and TSP-2 can both inhibit tumor angiogenesis and promote tumor migration and invasion. CD36 can promote tumor angiogenesis through vascular mimicry (VM). Overall, we found that CD36 exhibits diverse functions in tumors. Here, we summarize the recent research findings highlighting the novel roles of CD36 in the context of tumors.
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17
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CD36 + Fibroblasts Secrete Protein Ligands That Growth-Suppress Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells While Elevating Adipogenic Markers for a Model of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112744. [PMID: 36361532 PMCID: PMC9654220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor and stroma coevolve to facilitate tumor growth. Hence, effective tumor therapeutics would not only induce growth suppression of tumor cells but also revert pro-tumor stroma into anti-tumoral type. Previously, we showed that coculturing triple-negative or luminal A breast cancer cells with CD36+ fibroblasts (FBs) in a three-dimensional extracellular matrix induced their growth suppression or phenotypic reversion, respectively. Then, we identified SLIT3, FBLN-1, and PENK as active protein ligands secreted from CD36+ FBs that induced growth suppression of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and determined their minimum effective concentrations. Here, we have expanded our analyses to include additional triple-negative cancer cell lines, BT549 and Hs578T, as well as HCC1937 carrying a BRCA1 mutation. We show that the ectopic addition of each of the three ligands to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) elevates the expression of CD36, as well as the adipogenic marker FABP4. Lastly, we show that an agonist antibody for one of the PENK receptors induces growth suppression of all cancer cell lines tested but not for non-transformed MCF10A cells. These results clearly suggest that proteins secreted from CD36+ FBs induce not only growth suppression of tumor cells through binding the cognate receptors but also increasing adipogenic markers of CAFs to reprogram tumor stroma.
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18
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Tao L, Ding X, Yan L, Xu G, Zhang P, Ji A, Zhang L. CD36 accelerates the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting FAs absorption. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:202. [PMID: 36175596 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CD36 is emerging as a potential strategy for cancer treatment because of its function of regulating fatty acid intake. The purpose of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanism of CD36 in the progression of HCC. TCGA database was used to analyze the relationship of CD36 with HCC. The expression of CD36 in HCC clinical samples and cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. Huh7 cells and HCCLM3 cells were transfected and treated into different group. CCK-8 and clone formation assay were used to detect the cell proliferation ability. Wound healing and transwell experiment were used to detect the metastatic ability. HCC xenografts were constructed in nude mice by subcutaneous injection of stably transfected Huh7 cells. The expression of CD36 in HCC was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The contents of phospholipids and triglycerides in HCC cells were detected by ELISA. And the content of neutral lipids in HCC cells was detected by staining with BODIPY 493/503 and DAPI dye. Then transcriptional sequencing was used to determine the downstream mechanism of CD36 in HCC, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed. CD36 was upregulated in HCC. Knockdown of CD36 could suppress the proliferation and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo by regulating FAs intake in HCC. In addition, the expression of AKR1C2 was suppressed by sh-CD36, and which was also involved in the regulation of FAs intake. The molecular mechanism by which CD36 accelerated the progression of HCC was to promote the expression of AKR1C2 and thus enhance fatty acids (FAs) intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lide Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Xiangmin Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lele Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guangcai Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Peijian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Anlai Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225012, China.
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Hermawan A, Putri H. Bioinformatics analysis reveals the potential target of rosiglitazone as an antiangiogenic agent for breast cancer therapy. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:72. [PMID: 36114448 PMCID: PMC9482259 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-022-01086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have demonstrated the antitumor activity of rosiglitazone (RGZ) in cancer cells, including breast cancer cells. However, the molecular targets of RGZ in the inhibition of angiogenesis in breast cancer cells remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the potential targets of RGZ in inhibiting breast cancer angiogenesis using bioinformatics-based analysis. Results Venn diagram analysis revealed 29 TR proteins. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that TR regulated the adipocytokine, AMPK, and PPAR signaling pathways. Oncoprint analysis showed genetic alterations in FABP4 (14%), ADIPOQ (2.9%), PPARG (2.8%), PPARGC1A (1.5%), CD36 (1.7%), and CREBBP (11%) in patients with breast cancer in a TCGA study. The mRNA levels of FABP4, ADIPOQ, PPARG, CD36, and PPARGC1A were significantly lower in patients with breast cancer than in those without breast cancer. Analysis of gene expression using bc-GenExMiner showed that the mRNA levels of FABP, ADIPOQ, PPARG, CD36, PPARGC1A, and CREBBP were significantly lower in basal-like and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells than in non-basal-like and non-TNBC cells. In general, the protein levels of these genes were low, except for that of CREBBP. Patients with breast cancer who had low mRNA levels of FABP4, ADIPOQ, PPARG, and PPARGC1A had lower overall survival rates than those with high mRNA levels, which was supported by the overall survival related to DNA methylation. Correlation analysis of immune cell infiltration with TR showed a correlation between TR and immune cell infiltration, highlighting the potential of RGZ for immunotherapy. Conclusion This study explored the potential targets of RGZ as antiangiogenic agents in breast cancer therapy and highlighted FABP4, ADIPOQ, PPARG, PPARGC1A, CD36, and CREBBP as potential targets of RGZ. These findings require further validation to explore the potential of RGZ as an antiangiogenic agent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-022-01086-2. Recent studies have focused on the development of indirect angiogenesis inhibitors. Bioinformatics-based identification of potential rosiglitazone target genes to inhibit breast cancer angiogenesis. FABP4, ADIPOQ, PPARG, PPARGC1A, CD36, and CREBBP are potential targets of rosiglitazone.
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Vissers TACM, Piek L, Patuleia SIS, Duinmeijer AJ, Bakker MF, van der Wall E, van Diest PJ, van Gils CH, Moelans CB. Elevated miR-29c-5p Expression in Nipple Aspirate Fluid Is Associated with Extremely High Mammographic Breast Density. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153805. [PMID: 35954468 PMCID: PMC9367509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary High mammographic density is a known risk factor for breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of high mammographic density development and breast cancer are unknown. MicroRNAs are potential biomarkers indicative of carcinogenesis and can be assessed in nipple aspirate fluid. We used nipple aspirate fluid from women with very low and extremely high mammographic density to examine differences in expression of multiple miRNAs between both extremes in the spectrum of mammographic density. We found that hsa-miR-29c-5p was upregulated in an extremely high mammographic density context and potential targets were identified that might provide clues of the relationship between high mammographic density and breast cancer risk. Understanding the relationship between high mammographic density and breast cancer is of great value for early breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. With our research we provide new insight into this relationship and further research could determine the effects of dysregulated hsa-miR-29c-5p on the identified candidate targets. Abstract High mammographic density (MD) is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, however the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This research aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that play a role in the development of extremely dense breast tissue. In the discovery phase, 754 human mature miRNAs were profiled in 21 extremely high MD- and 20 very low MD-derived nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) samples from healthy women. In the validation phase, candidate miRNAs were assessed in a cohort of 89 extremely high MD and 81 very low MD NAF samples from healthy women. Independent predictors of either extremely high MD or miRNA expression were identified by logistic regression and linear regression analysis, respectively. mRNA targets and pathways were identified through miRTarBase, TargetScan, and PANTHER pathway analysis. Statistical analysis identified four differentially expressed miRNAs during the discovery phase. During the validation, linear regression (p = 0.029; fold change = 2.10) and logistic regression (p = 0.048; odds ratio = 1.38) showed that hsa-miR-29c-5p was upregulated in extremely high MD-derived NAF. Identified candidate mRNA targets of hsa-miR-29c-5p are CFLAR, DNMT3A, and PTEN. Further validation and exploration of targets and downstream pathways of has-miR-29c-5p will provide better insight into the processes involved in the development of high MD and in the associated increased risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa A. C. M. Vissers
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Piek
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susana I. S. Patuleia
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aafke J. Duinmeijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marije F. Bakker
- Department of Epidemiology of the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carla H. van Gils
- Department of Epidemiology of the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cathy B. Moelans
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-887-556-882
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Fatty acid translocase: a culprit of lipid metabolism dysfunction in disease. IMMUNOMETABOLISM 2022; 4:e00001. [PMID: 35991116 PMCID: PMC9380421 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of lipid deposition into and mobilization from white adipose tissue (WAT) underlies various diseases. Long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and cholesterol trafficking in and out of adipocytes is a process relying on transporters shuttling lipids from the plasma membrane (PM) to lipid droplets (LD). CD36 is the fatty acid translocase (FAT) that transports LCFA and cholesterol across the PM. Interactions of CD36 with proteins PHB1, ANX2, and CAV1 mediate intercellular lipid transport between adipocytes, hematopoietic, epithelial, and endothelial cells. Intracellularly, the FAT complex has been found to regulate LCFA trafficking between the PM and LD. This process is regulated by CD36 glycosylation and S-acylation, as well as by post-translational modifications of PHB1 and ANX2, which determine both protein–protein interactions and the cellular localization of the complex. Changes in extracellular and intracellular LCFA levels have been found to induce the post-translational modifications and the function of the FAT complex in lipid uptake and mobilization. The role of the CD36/PHB1/ANX2 complex may span beyond lipid trafficking. The requirement of PHB1 for mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in brown adipocytes has been revealed. Cancer cells which take advantage of lipids mobilized by adipocytes and oxidized in leukocytes are indirectly affected by the function of FAT complex in other tissues. The direct importance of CD36 interaction with PHB1/and ANX2 in cancer cells remains to be established. This review highlights the multifaceted roles of the FAT complex in systemic lipid trafficking and discuss it as a potential target in metabolic disease and cancer.
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22
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Cui MY, Yi X, Zhu DX, Wu J. The Role of Lipid Metabolism in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916661. [PMID: 35785165 PMCID: PMC9240397 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has been one of the most common cancers worldwide with extensive metastasis and high mortality. Chemotherapy has been found as a main treatment for metastatic gastric cancer, whereas drug resistance limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy and leads to treatment failure. Chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer has a complex and multifactorial mechanism, among which lipid metabolism plays a vital role. Increased synthesis of new lipids or uptake of exogenous lipids can facilitate the rapid growth of cancer cells and tumor formation. Lipids form the structural basis of biofilms while serving as signal molecules and energy sources. It is noteworthy that lipid metabolism is capable of inducing drug resistance in gastric cancer cells by reshaping the tumor micro-environment. In this study, new mechanisms of lipid metabolism in gastric cancer and the metabolic pathways correlated with chemotherapy resistance are reviewed. In particular, we discuss the effects of lipid metabolism on autophagy, biomarkers treatment and drug resistance in gastric cancer from the perspective of lipid metabolism. In brief, new insights can be gained into the development of promising therapies through an in-depth investigation of the mechanism of lipid metabolism reprogramming and resensitization to chemotherapy in gastric cancer cells, and scientific treatment can be provided by applying lipid-key enzyme inhibitors as cancer chemical sensitizers in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Wu
- *Correspondence: Jun Wu, ; Dan-Xia Zhu,
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Fibroblast-derived prolargin is a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:1410-1420. [PMID: 35031773 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are important constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are major drivers of tumorigenesis. Yet, therapies aiming at eliminating CAF have failed to cure patients. This setback has raised questions regarding whether CAF exclusively favour cancer progression, or if they may also assume tumor-suppressor functions. In the present study, we used proteomics and single cell RNA-sequencing analysis to examine the CAF landscape in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We thereby unveil three major CAF populations in HCC, one of which specifically expressing the prolargin protein. This CAF subpopulation (further termed as CAF_Port) shared a strong transcriptomic signature with portal liver fibroblasts. We further show that CAF_Port deposit prolargin in the TME and that its levels are lower in tumors as compared to the peritumoral region. Mechanistically, aggressive cancer cells degraded prolargin using matrix metalloprotease activity. Survival analysis of 188 patients revealed that high prolargin protein levels correlate with good patient outcome (HR = 0.37; p = 0.01). In vivo, co-injection of cancer cells with fibroblasts silenced for prolargin, led to faster tumor development (5-fold; p = 0.01), mainly due to stronger angiogenesis. Using protein-protein interaction study and structural modelling, we further demonstrate that prolargin binds and inhibits the activity of several pro-agiogenic proteins, including hepatocyte and fibroblast growth factors. In conclusion, prolargin is angiogenesis modulator and CAF-derived tumor suppressor in HCC. Stabilizing prolargin levels in the CAF_Port subpopulation may revert their tumor-antagonizing properties, warranting exploration in further pre-clinical studies.
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Doyle AD, Nazari SS, Yamada KM. Cell-extracellular matrix dynamics. Phys Biol 2022; 19:10.1088/1478-3975/ac4390. [PMID: 34911051 PMCID: PMC8855216 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ac4390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The sites of interaction between a cell and its surrounding microenvironment serve as dynamic signaling hubs that regulate cellular adaptations during developmental processes, immune functions, wound healing, cell migration, cancer invasion and metastasis, as well as in many other disease states. For most cell types, these interactions are established by integrin receptors binding directly to extracellular matrix proteins, such as the numerous collagens or fibronectin. For the cell, these points of contact provide vital cues by sampling environmental conditions, both chemical and physical. The overall regulation of this dynamic interaction involves both extracellular and intracellular components and can be highly variable. In this review, we highlight recent advances and hypotheses about the mechanisms and regulation of cell-ECM interactions, from the molecular to the tissue level, with a particular focus on cell migration. We then explore how cancer cell invasion and metastasis are deeply rooted in altered regulation of this vital interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Doyle
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA,Correspondence:
| | - Shayan S. Nazari
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kenneth M. Yamada
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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25
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Ahirwar DK, Charan M, Mishra S, Verma AK, Shilo K, Ramaswamy B, Ganju RK. Slit2 Inhibits Breast Cancer Metastasis by Activating M1-Like Phagocytic and Antifibrotic Macrophages. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5255-5267. [PMID: 34400395 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are heterogeneous in nature and comprise antitumor M1-like (M1-TAM) or pro-tumor M2-like (M2-TAM) TAMs. M2-TAMs are a major component of stroma in breast tumors and enhance metastasis by reducing their phagocytic ability and increasing tumor fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate phenotypic plasticity of TAMs are not well known. Here we report a novel tumor suppressor Slit2 in breast cancer by regulating TAMs in the tumor microenvironment. Slit2 reduced the in vivo growth and metastasis of spontaneous and syngeneic mammary tumor and xenograft breast tumor models. Slit2 increased recruitment of M1-TAMs to the tumor and enhanced the ability of M1-TAMs to phagocytose tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. This Slit2-mediated increase in M1-TAM phagocytosis occurred via suppression of IL6. Slit2 was also shown to diminish fibrosis in breast cancer mouse models by increasing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 in M1-TAMs. Analysis of patient samples showed high Slit2 expression strongly associated with better patient survival and inversely correlated with the abundance of CD163+ TAMs. Overall, these studies define the role of Slit2 in inhibiting metastasis by activating M1-TAMs and depleting tumor fibrosis. Furthermore, these findings suggest that Slit2 can be a promising immunotherapeutic agent to redirect TAMs to serve as tumor killers for aggressive and metastatic breast cancers. In addition, Slit2 expression along with CD163+ TAMs could be used as an improved prognostic biomarker in patients with breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides evidence that the antitumor effect of Slit2 in breast cancer occurs by activating the phagocytic activity of M1-like tumor-associated macrophages against tumor cells and diminishing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Ahirwar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Manish Charan
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ajeet K Verma
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Konstantin Shilo
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ramesh K Ganju
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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26
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Thompson PA, Huang C, Yang J, Wertheim BC, Roe D, Zhang X, Ding J, Chalasani P, Preece C, Martinez J, Chow HHS, Stopeck AT. Sulindac, a Nonselective NSAID, Reduces Breast Density in Postmenopausal Women with Breast Cancer Treated with Aromatase Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5660-5668. [PMID: 34112707 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of sulindac, a nonselective anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for activity to reduce breast density (BD), a risk factor for breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN An open-label phase II study was conducted to test the effect of 12 months' daily sulindac at 150 mg twice daily on change in percent BD in postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy. Change in percent BD in the contralateral, unaffected breast was measured by noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and reported as change in MRI percent BD (MRPD). A nonrandomized patient population on AI therapy (observation group) with comparable baseline BD was also followed for 12 months. Changes in tissue collagen after 6 months of sulindac treatment were explored using second-harmonic generated microscopy in a subset of women in the sulindac group who agreed to repeat breast biopsy. RESULTS In 43 women who completed 1 year of sulindac (86% of those accrued), relative MRPD significantly decreased by 9.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), -14.6 to -4.7] at 12 months, an absolute decrease of -1.4% (95% CI, -2.5 to -0.3). A significant decrease in mean breast tissue collagen fiber straightness (P = 0.032), an investigational biomarker of tissue inflammation, was also observed. MRPD (relative or absolute) did not change in the AI-only observation group (N = 40). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to indicate that the NSAID sulindac may reduce BD. Additional studies are needed to verify these findings and determine if prostaglandin E2 inhibition by NSAIDs is important for BD or collagen modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Thompson
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York. .,Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Chuan Huang
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jie Yang
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | | | - Denise Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Pavani Chalasani
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christina Preece
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jessica Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Alison T Stopeck
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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Abstract
Despite the advances in immunotherapies, effective against some types of
cancer, progression of several types of carcinoma remains uncurable. Recent
studies indicate that changes in lipid metabolism, aggravated by obesity,
disable anti-tumor immune response. In the July issue of
Immunity, Xu et al. use mouse models to demonstrate that
certain types of oxidized lipids, transported by CD36, suppress the capacity of
CD8+ T lymphocytes to secrete cytotoxic molecules. This study
sheds light on how lipid modifications in the tumor microenvironment make killer
T cells incapable of inhibiting tumor growth.
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28
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Jones JO, Moody WM, Shields JD. Microenvironmental modulation of the developing tumour: an immune-stromal dialogue. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2600-2633. [PMID: 32741067 PMCID: PMC8486574 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful establishment of a tumour relies on a cascade of interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells within an evolving microenvironment. Both immune and nonimmune cellular components are key factors in this process, and the individual players may change their role from tumour elimination to tumour promotion as the microenvironment develops. While the tumour-stroma crosstalk present in an established tumour is well-studied, aspects in the early tumour or premalignant microenvironment have received less attention. This is in part due to the challenges in studying this process in the clinic or in mouse models. Here, we review the key anti- and pro-tumour factors in the early microenvironment and discuss how understanding this process may be exploited in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O. Jones
- MRC Cancer UnitHutchison/MRC Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of OncologyCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK
| | - William M. Moody
- MRC Cancer UnitHutchison/MRC Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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29
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Protein Ligands in the Secretome of CD36 + Fibroblasts Induce Growth Suppression in a Subset of Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184521. [PMID: 34572749 PMCID: PMC8469330 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Human breast cancers are not fully autonomous. They are dependent on nutrients and growth-promoting signals provided by stromal cells. In order to instruct the surrounding cells to provide essential growth factors, cancer cells co-opt normal signaling molecules and mechanisms. To inhibit or potentially reverse tumor growth, our goal is to emulate this signaling and reprogram the microenvironment. For example, in a healthy mammary gland, fibroblasts (FBs) overexpress CD36; and the downregulation of CD36 is one of the hallmarks of cancer-associated FBs. Therefore, in this project, we hypothesized that signaling from CD36+ FBs could cause growth suppression in a subset of breast cancer cell lines. We then designed a series of experiments to validate this growth suppression and identified responsible secreted factors by the CD36+ FBs. These experiments suggested that three protein ligands are primarily responsible for growth suppression in a subset of breast cancer cell lines. Abstract Reprogramming the tumor stroma is an emerging approach to circumventing the challenges of conventional cancer therapies. This strategy, however, is hampered by the lack of a specific molecular target. We previously reported that stromal fibroblasts (FBs) with high expression of CD36 could be utilized for this purpose. These studies are now expanded to identify the secreted factors responsible for tumor suppression. Methodologies included 3D colonies, fluorescent microscopy coupled with quantitative techniques, proteomics profiling, and bioinformatics analysis. The results indicated that the conditioned medium (CM) of the CD36+ FBs caused growth suppression via apoptosis in the triple-negative cell lines of MDA-MB-231, BT549, and Hs578T, but not in the ERBB2+ SKBR3. Following the proteomics and bioinformatic analysis of the CM of CD36+ versus CD36− FBs, we determined KLF10 as one of the transcription factors responsible for growth suppression. We also identified FBLN1, SLIT3, and PENK as active ligands, where their minimum effective concentrations were determined. Finally, in MDA-MB-231, we showed that a mixture of FBLN1, SLIT3, and PENK could induce an amount of growth suppression similar to the CM of CD36+ FBs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that these ligands, secreted by CD36+ FBs, can be targeted for breast cancer treatment.
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30
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Dance YW, Meshulam T, Seibel AJ, Obenreder MC, Layne MD, Nelson CM, Tien J. Adipose Stroma Accelerates the Invasion and Escape of Human Breast Cancer Cells from an Engineered Microtumor. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 15:15-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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31
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Chandra Jena B, Sarkar S, Rout L, Mandal M. The transformation of cancer-associated fibroblasts: Current perspectives on the role of TGF-β in CAF mediated tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Cancer Lett 2021; 520:222-232. [PMID: 34363903 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, the Transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β) has been significantly considered as an effective and ubiquitous mediator of cell growth. The cytokine, TGF-β is being increasingly recognized as the most potent inducer of cancer cell initiation, differentiation, migration as well as progression through both the SMAD-dependent and independent pathways. There is growing evidence that supports the role of secretory cytokine TGF-β as a crucial mediator of tumor-stroma crosstalk. Contextually, the CAFs are the prominent component of tumor stroma that helps in tumor progression and onset of chemoresistance. The interplay between the CAFs and the tumor cells through the paracrine signals is facilitated by cytokine TGF-β to induce the malignant progression. Here in this review, we have dissected the most recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms of TGF-β induced CAF activation, their multiple origins, and most importantly their role in conferring chemoresistance. Considering the pivotal role of TGF-β in tumor perogression and associated stemness, it is one the proven clinical targets We have also included the clinical trials going on, targeting the TGF-β and CAFs crosstalk with the tumor cells. Ultimately, we have underscored some of the outstanding issues that must be deciphered with utmost importance to unravel the successful strategies of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Chandra Jena
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Siddik Sarkar
- CSIR-Indian Institue of Chemical Biology, Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Lipsa Rout
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research, Siksha'O'Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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32
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Geng X, Chen H, Zhao L, Hu J, Yang W, Li G, Cheng C, Zhao Z, Zhang T, Li L, Sun B. Cancer-Associated Fibroblast (CAF) Heterogeneity and Targeting Therapy of CAFs in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:655152. [PMID: 34336821 PMCID: PMC8319605 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease that typically features a dramatic desmoplastic reaction, especially fibroblasts. The roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in PDAC have received more attention in recent years. As increasing evidence suggests the heterogeneity of CAFs in PDAC, different CAF subtypes have been shown to support tumor growth, while others suppress cancer proliferation. Myofibrotic CAFs (myCAFs) show alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)high interleukin-6 (IL-6)low myofibroblastic features, are activated by direct contact with tumor cells, and are located in the periglandular region. Inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs) show α-SMAlow IL-6high inflammatory features, are activated by paracrine factors secreted from tumor cells, and are located away from cancer cells. Antigen-presenting CAFs (apCAFs) show major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) family genes that are highly expressed. CAFs have also been gradually explored as diagnostic and prognostic markers in pancreatic cancer. Targeted therapy of CAFs in PDAC has gradually attracted attention. With the deepening of related studies, some meaningful positive and negative results have surfaced, and CAFs may be the key to unlocking the door to pancreatic cancer treatment. Our review summarizes recent advances in the heterogeneity, function, and markers of CAFs in pancreatic cancer, as well as research and treatment targeting CAFs in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Geng
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Abdominal Endoscopic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Hongze Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Jisheng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guanqun Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chundong Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongjie Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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33
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Dogra S, Neelakantan D, Patel MM, Griesel B, Olson A, Woo S. Adipokine Apelin/APJ Pathway Promotes Peritoneal Dissemination of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Regulating Lipid Metabolism. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:1534-1545. [PMID: 34172534 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue, which can provide adipokines and nutrients to tumors, plays a key role in promoting ovarian cancer metastatic lesions in peritoneal cavity. The adipokine apelin promotes ovarian cancer metastasis and progression through its receptor APJ, which regulates cell proliferation, energy metabolism, and angiogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the functional role and mechanisms of the apelin-APJ pathway in ovarian cancer metastasis, especially in context of tumor cell-adipocyte interactions. When co-cultured in the conditioned media (AdipoCM) derived from 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which express and secrete high apelin, human ovarian cancer cells with high APJ expression showed significant increases in migration and invasion in vitro. We also found that cells expressing high levels of APJ had increased cell adhesion to omentum ex vivo, and preferentially "home-in" on the omentum in vivo. These apelin-induced pro-metastatic effects were reversed by APJ antagonist F13A in a dose-dependent manner. Apelin-APJ activation increased lipid droplet accumulation in ovarian cancer cells, which was further intensified in the presence of AdipoCM and reversed by F13A or APJ knockdown. Mechanistically, this increased lipid uptake was mediated by CD36 upregulation via APJ-STAT3 activation, and the lipids were utilized in promoting fatty acid oxidation via activation of AMPK-CPT1a axis. Together, our studies demonstrate that adipocyte-derived apelin activates APJ-expressing tumor cells in a paracrine manner, promoting lipid uptake and utilization and providing energy for ovarian cancer cell survival at the metastatic sites. Hence, the apelin-APJ pathway presents a novel therapeutic target to curb ovarian cancer metastasis. IMPLICATIONS: Targeting the APJ pathway in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is a novel strategy to inhibit peritoneal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrita Dogra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Deepika Neelakantan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Maulin M Patel
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Cardiovascular Biology Department, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Beth Griesel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Ann Olson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Sukyung Woo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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34
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Virtanen S, Schulte R, Stingl J, Caldas C, Shehata M. High-throughput surface marker screen on primary human breast tissues reveals further cellular heterogeneity. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:66. [PMID: 34120626 PMCID: PMC8201685 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal human breast tissues are a heterogeneous mix of epithelial and stromal subtypes in different cell states. Delineating the spectrum of cellular heterogeneity will provide new insights into normal cellular properties within the breast tissue that might become dysregulated in the initial stages of cancer. Investigation of surface marker expression provides a valuable approach to resolve complex cell populations. However, the majority of cell surface maker expression of primary breast cells have not been investigated. METHODS To determine the differences in expression of a range of uninvestigated cell surface markers between the normal breast cell subpopulations, primary human breast cells were analysed using high-throughput flow cytometry for the expression of 242 cell surface proteins in conjunction with EpCAM/CD49f staining. RESULTS We identified 35 surface marker proteins expressed on normal breast epithelial and/or stromal subpopulations that were previously unreported. We also show multiple markers were equally expressed in all cell populations (e.g. CD9, CD59, CD164) while other surface markers were confirmed to be enriched in different cell lineages: CD24, CD227 and CD340 in the luminal compartment, CD10 and CD90 in the basal population, and CD34 and CD140b on stromal cells. CONCLUSIONS Our dataset of CD marker expression in the normal breast provides better definition for breast cellular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siru Virtanen
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Reiner Schulte
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - John Stingl
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mona Shehata
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK.
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35
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Nazari SS. Generation of 3D Tumor Spheroids with Encapsulating Basement Membranes for Invasion Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 87:e105. [PMID: 32436628 PMCID: PMC8172047 DOI: 10.1002/cpcb.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the past, in vitro studies of invasion and tumor progression were performed primarily using cancer cells cultured on a flat, two‐dimensional (2D) surface in a monolayer. In recent years, however, many studies have demonstrated differences in cell signaling and cell migration between 2D and 3D cell cultures. Traditional 2D monolayer cancer cell invasion models do not fully recapitulate 3D cell‐to‐cell and cell−to−extracellular matrix interactions that in vivo models can provide. Moreover, although in vivo animal models are irreplaceable for studying tumor biology and metastasis, they are costly, time‐consuming, and impractical for answering preliminary questions. Thus, emergent and evolving 3D spheroid cell culture models have changed the way we study tumors and their interactions with their surrounding extracellular matrix. In the case of breast cancer, metastasis of breast cancer tumors results in high mortality rates, and thus development of robust cell culture models that are reproducible and practical for studying breast cancer progression is important for ultimately developing preventatives for cancer metastasis. This article provides a set of protocols for generating uniform spheroids with a thin sheet of basement membrane for studying the initial invasion of mammary epithelial cells into a surrounding collagen‐rich extracellular matrix. Details are provided for generating 3D spheroids with a basement membrane, polymerizing collagen I, embedding the spheroids in the 3D collagen gel, and immunostaining the spheroids for invasion studies. Published 2020. U.S. Government. Basic Protocol 1: Growth of uniformly sized tumor spheroids with an encapsulating basement membrane Basic Protocol 2: Polymerization and embedding of tumor spheroids in a 3D type I collagen gel Alternate Protocol: Embedding of tumor spheroids in collagen gels using a sandwich method Basic Protocol 3: Fixing and immunostaining of tumor spheroids embedded in 3D collagen gels
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan S Nazari
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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36
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Angel PM, Rujchanarong D, Pippin S, Spruill L, Drake R. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Fibroblasts: Promise and Challenge. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:423-436. [PMID: 34129411 PMCID: PMC8717608 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1941893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fibroblasts maintain tissue and organ homeostasis through output of extracellular matrix that affects nearby cell signaling within the stroma. Altered fibroblast signaling contributes to many disease states and extracellular matrix secreted by fibroblasts has been used to stratify patient by outcome, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. Recent advances in imaging mass spectrometry allow access to single cell fibroblasts and their ECM niche within clinically relevant tissue samples. AREAS COVERED We review biological and technical challenges as well as new solutions to proteomic access of fibroblast expression within the complex tissue microenvironment. Review topics cover conventional proteomic methods for single fibroblast analysis and current approaches to accessing single fibroblast proteomes by imaging mass spectrometry approaches. Strategies to target and evaluate the single cell stroma proteome on the basis of cell signaling are presented. EXPERT OPINION The promise of defining proteomic signatures from fibroblasts and their extracellular matrix niches is the discovery of new disease markers and the ability to refine therapeutic treatments. Several imaging mass spectrometry approaches exist to define the fibroblast in the setting of pathological changes from clinically acquired samples. Continued technology advances are needed to access and understand the stromal proteome and apply testing to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggi M. Angel
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Bruker-MUSC Center of Excellence, Clinical Glycomics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC USA
| | - Denys Rujchanarong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Bruker-MUSC Center of Excellence, Clinical Glycomics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC USA
| | - Sarah Pippin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Bruker-MUSC Center of Excellence, Clinical Glycomics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC USA
| | - Laura Spruill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Richard Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Bruker-MUSC Center of Excellence, Clinical Glycomics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC USA
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Martinez J, Smith PC. The Dynamic Interaction between Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Breast Tumor Progression. Cells 2021; 10:1046. [PMID: 33946660 PMCID: PMC8145942 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmoplastic tumors correspond to a unique tissue structure characterized by the abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix. Breast tumors are a typical example of this type of lesion, a property that allows its palpation and early detection. Fibrillar type I collagen is a major component of tumor desmoplasia and its accumulation is causally linked to tumor cell survival and metastasis. For many years, the desmoplastic phenomenon was considered to be a reaction and response of the host tissue against tumor cells and, accordingly, designated as "desmoplastic reaction". This notion has been challenged in the last decades when desmoplastic tissue was detected in breast tissue in the absence of tumor. This finding suggests that desmoplasia is a preexisting condition that stimulates the development of a malignant phenotype. With this perspective, in the present review, we analyze the role of extracellular matrix remodeling in the development of the desmoplastic response. Importantly, during the discussion, we also analyze the impact of obesity and cell metabolism as critical drivers of tissue remodeling during the development of desmoplasia. New knowledge derived from the dynamic remodeling of the extracellular matrix may lead to novel targets of interest for early diagnosis or therapy in the context of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Martinez
- Cell Biology Laboratory, INTA, University of Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - Patricio C. Smith
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
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Wei T, Song J, Liang K, Li L, Mo X, Huang Z, Chen G, Mao N, Yang J. Identification of a novel therapeutic candidate, NRK, in primary cancer-associated fibroblasts of lung adenocarcinoma microenvironment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1049-1064. [PMID: 33387038 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for approximately half of patients in lung cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major component in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting CAFs is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, therapeutic targets of CAFs in LUAD remains largely unclear. METHODS Seven CAFs and nine normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from tumor and paratumor tissues of LUAD patients undergoing surgery, respectively. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis were performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their functions in CAFs compared with NFs. DEGs of ten overlaying were obtained from RNA-seq, our previously reported lncRNA microarray and public datasets (E-MTAB-6149, E-MTAB-6653) and validated by RT-qPCR. Nik-related kinase (NRK) was further validated by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence (IF), Western Blot (WB) in vitro, and in Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database. Survival analysis was performed on Kaplan-Meier plotter. RESULTS A total of 1799 DEGs were identified, including 650 upregulated DEGs and 1149 downregulated DEGs. The upregulated and downregulated DEGs were mostly enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM) functions and in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways. Interestingly, NRK was the most significantly upregulated overlaying DEGs which was rarely associated with CAFs before. NRK was predominantly expressed in CAFs, but weakly expressed in NFs, normal lung bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, LUAD cell lines A549 and H1299, as well as in the majority of 191 lung cancer cell lines including LUAD. Moreover, elevated NRK predicted poor survival in LUAD patients. CONCLUSION Here, we first report that NRK is significantly elevated in LUAD-associated CAFs and may function as a promising therapeutic target for cancer combination treatment. Besides, modulation of ECM and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways may be an efficient approach to alter CAFs functionality in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjing Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Thoracic Tumor Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Mo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiquan Mao
- Department of Thoracic Tumor Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Biffi G, Tuveson DA. Diversity and Biology of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. Physiol Rev 2021; 101:147-176. [PMID: 32466724 PMCID: PMC7864232 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00048.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 541] [Impact Index Per Article: 180.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts to develop anti-cancer therapies have largely focused on targeting the epithelial compartment, despite the presence of non-neoplastic stromal components that substantially contribute to the progression of the tumor. Indeed, cancer cell survival, growth, migration, and even dormancy are influenced by the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Within the TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to play several roles in the development of a tumor. They secrete growth factors, inflammatory ligands, and extracellular matrix proteins that promote cancer cell proliferation, therapy resistance, and immune exclusion. However, recent work indicates that CAFs may also restrain tumor progression in some circumstances. In this review, we summarize the body of work on CAFs, with a particular focus on the most recent discoveries about fibroblast heterogeneity, plasticity, and functions. We also highlight the commonalities of fibroblasts present across different cancer types, and in normal and inflammatory states. Finally, we present the latest advances regarding therapeutic strategies targeting CAFs that are undergoing preclinical and clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Biffi
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York; Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York; and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York; Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York; and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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40
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Zheng M, Wang W, Liu J, Zhang X, Zhang R. Lipid Metabolism in Cancer Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1316:49-69. [PMID: 33740243 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6785-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the most critical hallmarks in cancer cells. In the past decades, mounting evidence has demonstrated that, besides the Warburg Effect, lipid metabolism dysregulation is also one of the essential characteristics of cancer cell metabolism. Lipids are water-insoluble molecules with diverse categories of phosphoglycerides, triacylglycerides, sphingolipids, sterols, etc. As the major utilization for energy storage, fatty acids are the primary building blocks for synthesizing triacylglycerides. And phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids, and sterols are the main components constructing biological membranes. More importantly, lipids play essential roles in signal transduction by functioning as second messengers or hormones. Much evidence has shown specific alterations of lipid metabolism in cancer cells. Consequently, the structural configuration of biological membranes, the energy homeostasis under nutrient stress, and the abundance of lipids in the intracellular signal transduction are affected by these alterations. Furthermore, lipid droplets accumulate in cancer cells and function adaptively to different types of harmful stress. This chapter reviews the regulation, functions, and therapeutic benefits of targeting lipid metabolism in cancer cells. Overall, this chapter highlights the significance of exploring more potential therapeutic strategies for malignant diseases by unscrambling lipid metabolism regulation in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Annett S, Moore G, Robson T. Obesity and Cancer Metastasis: Molecular and Translational Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3798. [PMID: 33339340 PMCID: PMC7766668 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a modern health problem that has reached pandemic proportions. It is an established risk factor for carcinogenesis, however, evidence for the contribution of adipose tissue to the metastatic behavior of tumors is also mounting. Over 90% of cancer mortality is attributed to metastasis and metastatic tumor cells must communicate with their microenvironment for survival. Many of the characteristics observed in obese adipose tissue strongly mirror the tumor microenvironment. Thus in the case of prostate, pancreatic and breast cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma, which are all located in close anatomical proximity to an adipose tissue depot, the adjacent fat provides an ideal microenvironment to enhance tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Adipocytes provide adipokines, fatty acids and other soluble factors to tumor cells whilst immune cells infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. In addition, there are emerging studies on the role of the extracellular vesicles secreted from adipose tissue, and the extracellular matrix itself, as drivers of obesity-induced metastasis. In the present review, we discuss the major mechanisms responsible for the obesity-metastatic link. Furthermore, understanding these complex mechanisms will provide novel therapies to halt the tumor-adipose tissue crosstalk with the ultimate aim of inhibiting tumor progression and metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Science, 123 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; (S.A.); (G.M.)
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42
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Pubertal mammary gland development is a key determinant of adult mammographic density. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 114:143-158. [PMID: 33309487 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mammographic density refers to the radiological appearance of fibroglandular and adipose tissue on a mammogram of the breast. Women with relatively high mammographic density for their age and body mass index are at significantly higher risk for breast cancer. The association between mammographic density and breast cancer risk is well-established, however the molecular and cellular events that lead to the development of high mammographic density are yet to be elucidated. Puberty is a critical time for breast development, where endocrine and paracrine signalling drive development of the mammary gland epithelium, stroma, and adipose tissue. As the relative abundance of these cell types determines the radiological appearance of the adult breast, puberty should be considered as a key developmental stage in the establishment of mammographic density. Epidemiological studies have pointed to the significance of pubertal adipose tissue deposition, as well as timing of menarche and thelarche, on adult mammographic density and breast cancer risk. Activation of hypothalamic-pituitary axes during puberty combined with genetic and epigenetic molecular determinants, together with stromal fibroblasts, extracellular matrix, and immune signalling factors in the mammary gland, act in concert to drive breast development and the relative abundance of different cell types in the adult breast. Here, we discuss the key cellular and molecular mechanisms through which pubertal mammary gland development may affect adult mammographic density and cancer risk.
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43
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Hayward KL, Kouthouridis S, Zhang B. Organ-on-a-Chip Systems for Modeling Pathological Tissue Morphogenesis Associated with Fibrosis and Cancer. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 7:2900-2925. [PMID: 34275294 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue building does not occur exclusively during development. Even after a whole body is built from a single cell, tissue building can occur to repair and regenerate tissues of the adult body. This confers resilience and enhanced survival to multicellular organisms. However, this resiliency comes at a cost, as the potential for misdirected tissue building creates vulnerability to organ deformation and dysfunction-the hallmarks of disease. Pathological tissue morphogenesis is associated with fibrosis and cancer, which are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite being the priority of research for decades, scientific understanding of these diseases is limited and existing therapies underdeliver the desired benefits to patient outcomes. This can largely be attributed to the use of two-dimensional cell culture and animal models that insufficiently recapitulate human disease. Through the synergistic union of biological principles and engineering technology, organ-on-a-chip systems represent a powerful new approach to modeling pathological tissue morphogenesis, one with the potential to yield better insights into disease mechanisms and improved therapies that offer better patient outcomes. This Review will discuss organ-on-a-chip systems that model pathological tissue morphogenesis associated with (1) fibrosis in the context of injury-induced tissue repair and aging and (2) cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen L Hayward
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sonya Kouthouridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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44
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Vaysse PM, Kooreman LFS, Engelen SME, Kremer B, Olde Damink SWM, Heeren RMA, Smidt ML, Porta Siegel T. Stromal vapors for real-time molecular guidance of breast-conserving surgery. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20109. [PMID: 33208813 PMCID: PMC7674429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving radical tumor resection while preserving disease-free tissue during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) remains a challenge. Here, mass spectrometry technologies were used to discriminate stromal tissues reported to be altered surrounding breast tumors, and build tissue classifiers ex vivo. Additionally, we employed the approach for in vivo and real-time classification of breast pathology based on electrosurgical vapors. Breast-resected samples were obtained from patients undergoing surgery at MUMC+. The specimens were subsequently sampled ex vivo to generate electrosurgical vapors analyzed by rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS). Tissues were processed for histopathology to assign tissue components to the mass spectral profiles. We collected a total of 689 ex vivo REIMS profiles from 72 patients which were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis (principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis). These profiles were classified as adipose, stromal and tumor tissues with 92.3% accuracy with a leave-one patient-out cross-validation. Tissue recognition using this ex vivo-built REIMS classification model was subsequently tested in vivo on electrosurgical vapors. Stromal and adipose tissues were classified during one BCS. Complementary ex vivo analyses were performed by REIMS and by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) to study the potential of breast stroma to guide BCS. Tumor border stroma (TBS) and remote tumor stroma (RTS) were classified by REIMS and DESI-MS with 86.4% and 87.8% accuracy, respectively. We demonstrate the potential of stromal molecular alterations surrounding breast tumors to guide BCS in real-time using REIMS analysis of electrosurgical vapors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Maxence Vaysse
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Loes F S Kooreman
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne M E Engelen
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Kremer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Steven W M Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Faculty of Health, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein L Smidt
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tiffany Porta Siegel
- Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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45
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Ji Z, Shen Y, Feng X, Kong Y, Shao Y, Meng J, Zhang X, Yang G. Deregulation of Lipid Metabolism: The Critical Factors in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:593017. [PMID: 33194756 PMCID: PMC7604390 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.593017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most malignant gynecological cancers around the world. In spite of multiple treatment options, the five-year survival rate is still very low. Several metabolism alterations are described as a hallmark in cancers, but alterations of lipid metabolism in ovarian cancer have been paid less attention. To explore new markers/targets for accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic treatments based on metabolic enzyme inhibitors, here, we reviewed available literature and summarized several key metabolic enzymes in lipid metabolism of ovarian cancer. In this review, the rate limiting enzymes associated with fatty acid synthesis (FASN, ACC, ACLY, SCD), the lipid degradation related enzymes (MAGL, CPT, 5-LO, COX2), and the receptors related to lipid uptake (FABP4, CD36, LDLR), which promote the development of ovarian cancer, were analyzed and evaluated. We also focused on the review of application of current metabolic enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer through which the potential therapeutic agents may be developed for ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodong Ji
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Kong
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Central Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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46
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Lee YT, Tan YJ, Falasca M, Oon CE. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Epigenetic Regulation and Therapeutic Intervention in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2949. [PMID: 33066013 PMCID: PMC7600259 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogeneous population of cells in the solid tumour microenvironment. These cells are positively linked to breast cancer progression. Breast CAFs can be categorised into distinct subtypes according to their roles in breast carcinogenesis. Epigenetic modifications change gene expression patterns as a consequence of altered chromatin configuration and DNA accessibility to transcriptional machinery, without affecting the primary structure of DNA. Epigenetic dysregulation in breast CAFs may enhance breast cancer cell survival and ultimately lead to therapeutic resistance. A growing body of evidence has described epigenetic modulators that target histones, DNA, and miRNA as a promising approach to treat cancer. This review aims to summarise the current findings on the mechanisms involved in the epigenetic regulation in breast CAFs and discusses the potential therapeutic strategies via targeting these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeuan Ting Lee
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (Y.T.L.); (Y.J.T.)
| | - Yi Jer Tan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (Y.T.L.); (Y.J.T.)
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Chern Ein Oon
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (Y.T.L.); (Y.J.T.)
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47
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Sieh W, Rothstein JH, Klein RJ, Alexeeff SE, Sakoda LC, Jorgenson E, McBride RB, Graff RE, McGuire V, Achacoso N, Acton L, Liang RY, Lipson JA, Rubin DL, Yaffe MJ, Easton DF, Schaefer C, Risch N, Whittemore AS, Habel LA. Identification of 31 loci for mammographic density phenotypes and their associations with breast cancer risk. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5116. [PMID: 33037222 PMCID: PMC7547012 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammographic density (MD) phenotypes are strongly associated with breast cancer risk and highly heritable. In this GWAS meta-analysis of 24,192 women, we identify 31 MD loci at P < 5 × 10-8, tripling the number known to 46. Seventeen identified MD loci also are associated with breast cancer risk in an independent meta-analysis (P < 0.05). Mendelian randomization analyses show that genetic estimates of dense area (DA), nondense area (NDA), and percent density (PD) are all significantly associated with breast cancer risk (P < 0.05). Pathway analyses reveal distinct biological processes involving DA, NDA and PD loci. These findings provide additional insights into the genetic basis of MD phenotypes and their associations with breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiva Sieh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Joseph H Rothstein
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Klein
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Russell B McBride
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca E Graff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ninah Achacoso
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Luana Acton
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Rhea Y Liang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jafi A Lipson
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel L Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Martin J Yaffe
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care and Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine Schaefer
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Neil Risch
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laurel A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
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48
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Morsing M, Kim J, Villadsen R, Goldhammer N, Jafari A, Kassem M, Petersen OW, Rønnov-Jessen L. Fibroblasts direct differentiation of human breast epithelial progenitors. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:102. [PMID: 32993755 PMCID: PMC7526135 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer arises within specific regions in the human breast referred to as the terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs). These are relatively dynamic structures characterized by sex hormone driven cyclic epithelial turnover. TDLUs consist of unique parenchymal entities embedded within a fibroblast-rich lobular stroma. Here, we established and characterized a new human breast lobular fibroblast cell line against its interlobular counterpart with a view to assessing the role of region-specific stromal cues in the control of TDLU dynamics. METHODS Primary lobular and interlobular fibroblasts were transduced to express human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Differentiation of the established cell lines along lobular and interlobular pathways was determined by immunocytochemical staining and genome-wide RNA sequencing. Their functional properties were further characterized by analysis of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation repertoire in culture and in vivo. The cells' physiological relevance for parenchymal differentiation was examined in heterotypic co-culture with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-purified normal breast primary luminal or myoepithelial progenitors. The co-cultures were immunostained for quantitative assessment of epithelial branching morphogenesis, polarization, growth, and luminal epithelial maturation. In extension, myoepithelial progenitors were tested for luminal differentiation capacity in culture and in mouse xenografts. To unravel the significance of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-mediated crosstalk in TDLU-like morphogenesis and differentiation, fibroblasts were incubated with the TGF-β signaling inhibitor, SB431542, prior to heterotypic co-culture with luminal cells. RESULTS hTERT immortalized fibroblast cell lines retained critical phenotypic traits in culture and linked to primary fibroblasts. Cell culture assays and transplantation to mice showed that the origin of fibroblasts determines TDLU-like and ductal-like differentiation of epithelial progenitors. Whereas lobular fibroblasts supported a high level of branching morphogenesis by luminal cells, interlobular fibroblasts supported ductal-like myoepithelial characteristics. TDLU-like morphogenesis, at least in part, relied on intact TGF-β signaling. CONCLUSIONS The significance of the most prominent cell type in normal breast stroma, the fibroblast, in directing epithelial differentiation is largely unknown. Through establishment of lobular and interlobular fibroblast cell lines, we here demonstrate that epithelial progenitors are submitted to stromal cues for site-specific differentiation. Our findings lend credence to considering stromal subtleties of crucial importance in the development of normal breast and, in turn, breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Morsing
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Present Address: Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Villadsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadine Goldhammer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole William Petersen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Stem Cell Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lone Rønnov-Jessen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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49
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Arolt C, Meyer M, Hoffmann F, Wagener-Ryczek S, Schwarz D, Nachtsheim L, Beutner D, Odenthal M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Buettner R, von Eggeling F, Klußmann JP, Quaas A. Expression Profiling of Extracellular Matrix Genes Reveals Global and Entity-Specific Characteristics in Adenoid Cystic, Mucoepidermoid and Salivary Duct Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092466. [PMID: 32878206 PMCID: PMC7564650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The extracellular matrix (ECM), an important factor in tumour metastasis and therapy resistance, has not been studied in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC), so far. In this retrospective study, we profiled the RNA expression of 28 ECM-related genes in 11 adenoid cystic (AdCy), 14 mucoepidermoid (MuEp) and 9 salivary duct carcinomas (SaDu). Also, we validated our results in a multimodal approach. MuEp and SaDu shared a common gene signature involving an overexpression of COL11A1. In contrast, nonhierarchical clustering revealed a more specific gene expression pattern for AdCy, characterized by overexpression of COL27A1. In situ studies at RNA level indicated that in AdCy, ECM production results from tumour cells and not from cancer-associated fibroblasts as is the case in MuEp and SaDu. For the first time, we characterized the ECM composition in SGC and identified several differentially expressed genes, which are potential therapeutic targets. Abstract The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in tumour initiation, metastasis and therapy resistance. Until now, the ECM composition of salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) has not been studied. We quantitatively analysed the mRNA of 28 ECM-related genes of 34 adenoid cystic (AdCy; n = 11), mucoepidermoid (MuEp; n = 14) and salivary duct carcinomas (SaDu; n = 9). An incremental overexpression of six collagens (including COL11A1) and four glycoproteins from MuEp and SaDu suggested a common ECM alteration. Conversely, AdCy and MuEp displayed a distinct overexpression of COL27A1 and LAMB3, respectively. Nonhierarchical clustering and principal component analysis revealed a more specific pattern for AdCy with low expression of the common gene signature. In situ studies at the RNA and protein level confirmed these results and indicated that, in contrast to MuEp and SaDu, ECM production in AdCy results from tumour cells and not from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Our findings reveal different modes of ECM production leading to common and distinct RNA signatures in SGC. Of note, an overexpression of COL27A1, as in AdCy, has not been linked to any other neoplasm so far. Here, we contribute to the dissection of the ECM composition in SGC and identified a panel of deferentially expressed genes, which could be putative targets for SGC therapy and overcoming therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Arolt
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.-R.); (M.O.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-478-4726
| | - Moritz Meyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.M.); (D.S.); (L.N.); (J.P.K.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Franziska Hoffmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, MALDI Imaging and Innovative Biophotonics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Svenja Wagener-Ryczek
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.-R.); (M.O.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - David Schwarz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.M.); (D.S.); (L.N.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Lisa Nachtsheim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.M.); (D.S.); (L.N.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Dirk Beutner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.-R.); (M.O.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.-R.); (M.O.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
| | - Ferdinand von Eggeling
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, MALDI Imaging, Core Unit Proteome Analysis, DFG Core Unit Jena Biophotonic and Imaging Laboratory (JBIL), Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany;
| | - Jens Peter Klußmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.M.); (D.S.); (L.N.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (S.W.-R.); (M.O.); (R.B.); (A.Q.)
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50
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Wu SZ, Roden DL, Wang C, Holliday H, Harvey K, Cazet AS, Murphy KJ, Pereira B, Al-Eryani G, Bartonicek N, Hou R, Torpy JR, Junankar S, Chan CL, Lam CE, Hui MN, Gluch L, Beith J, Parker A, Robbins E, Segara D, Mak C, Cooper C, Warrier S, Forrest A, Powell J, O'Toole S, Cox TR, Timpson P, Lim E, Liu XS, Swarbrick A. Stromal cell diversity associated with immune evasion in human triple-negative breast cancer. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104063. [PMID: 32790115 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour stroma regulates nearly all stages of carcinogenesis. Stromal heterogeneity in human triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) remains poorly understood, limiting the development of stromal-targeted therapies. Single-cell RNA sequencing of five TNBCs revealed two cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) and two perivascular-like (PVL) subpopulations. CAFs clustered into two states: the first with features of myofibroblasts and the second characterised by high expression of growth factors and immunomodulatory molecules. PVL cells clustered into two states consistent with a differentiated and immature phenotype. We showed that these stromal states have distinct morphologies, spatial relationships and functional properties in regulating the extracellular matrix. Using cell signalling predictions, we provide evidence that stromal-immune crosstalk acts via a diverse array of immunoregulatory molecules. Importantly, the investigation of gene signatures from inflammatory-CAFs and differentiated-PVL cells in independent TNBC patient cohorts revealed strong associations with cytotoxic T-cell dysfunction and exclusion, respectively. Such insights present promising candidates to further investigate for new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Z Wu
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel L Roden
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chenfei Wang
- Department of Data Sciences, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Holly Holliday
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate Harvey
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Aurélie S Cazet
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kendelle J Murphy
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brooke Pereira
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ghamdan Al-Eryani
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nenad Bartonicek
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rui Hou
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - James R Torpy
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Junankar
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chia-Ling Chan
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chuan En Lam
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mun N Hui
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurence Gluch
- The Strathfield Breast Centre, Strathfield, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane Beith
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Cindy Mak
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Caroline Cooper
- Pathology Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Southside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Sanjay Warrier
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alistair Forrest
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, WA, Australia.,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Joseph Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sandra O'Toole
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Australian Clinical Laboratories, Northern Beaches Hospital, Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas R Cox
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elgene Lim
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - X Shirley Liu
- Department of Data Sciences, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Swarbrick
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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