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Negreiros HA, Fontele SBC, Batista FA, Farias MGD, Silva FCCD, Nascimento MLLBD, Moura KGD, Correa LDS, Pereira ARS, Lopes LDO, Ferreira PMP, Mendes AN, Gonçalves JCR, Melo-Cavalcante AADC, Sousa JMDCE. Toxicogenetic profile of the monoterpene alpha-terpineol on normal and tumor eukaryotic cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:427-435. [PMID: 36912194 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2188440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-terpineol is a monoterpene alcohol found in essential oils from medicinal plants with some well-known pharmacological activities and widely used in cosmetics. However, the toxicological effects and additional pharmacological activities need to be clarified. Thus, the study evaluated the toxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, hemolytic, and oxidative potential of alpha-terpineol in non-clinical bioassays. Different concentrations of alpha-terpineol were used in bioassays, including MTT (50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL), Artemia salina (6.25-400 μg/mL), Allium cepa (10, 50, and 100 μg/mL), comet assay (100, 200, and 500 μg/mL), cytokinesis-block micronucleus (100, 250, and 500 μg/mL), confocal microscopy for apoptosis quantification (100 and 500 μg/mL), hemolysis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae central disk test (10, 35, and 75 μg/mL). For the MTT test, alpha-terpineol was more cytotoxic on melanoma murine B16-F10 cells rather than macrophages. For A. salina test, alpha-terpineol showed LC50 of 68.29 and 76.36 μg/mL for 24 h and 48 h of exposure time, respectively. Meanwhile, alpha-terpineol was also cytotoxic to meristematic cells, which revealed inhibition of cellular division and mutagenic action by formation of bridges and delayed anaphases. The compound increased damage index and frequency of damage corroborated by the presence of micronuclei, bridges and nuclear buds at 500 μg/mL, but it caused neither hemolysis, oxidative damage on the S. cerevisiae nor cell death in normal fibroblasts. The findings indicate alpha-terpineol has cytotoxic potential by cytogenetic and molecular mechanisms associated with apoptosis and probable target effects against melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helber Alves Negreiros
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Alves Batista
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da Silva
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Maria Luisa Lima Barreto do Nascimento
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Luana de Oliveira Lopes
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Anderson Nogueira Mendes
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Postgraduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Research in Toxicological Genetics (LAPGENIC), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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Wang M, Xu XR, Bai QX, Wu LH, Yang XP, Yang DQ, Kuang HX. Dichroa febrifuga Lour.: A review of its botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicology, and progress in reducing toxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118093. [PMID: 38537842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dichroa febrifuga Lour., a toxic but extensively used traditional Chinese medicine with a remarkable effect, is commonly called "Changshan" in China. It has been used to treat malaria and many other parasitic diseases. AIM OF THE REVIEW The study aims to provide a current overview of the progress in the research on traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicology, and methods of toxicity reduction of D. febrifuga. Additionally, further research directions and development prospects for the plant were put forward. MATERIALS AND METHODS The article uses "Dichroa febrifuga Lour." "D. febrifuga" as the keyword and all relevant information on D. febrifuga was collected from electronic searches (Elsevier, PubMed, ACS, CNKI, Google Scholar, and Baidu Scholar), doctoral and master's dissertations and classic books about Chinese herbs. RESULTS 30 chemical compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and other kinds, were isolated and identified from D. febrifuga. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that these components have a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-malarial activities, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-tumor activities, anti-parasitic activities and anti-oomycete activities. Meanwhile, alkaloids, as the material basis of its efficacy, are also the source of its toxicity. It can cause multiple organ damage, including liver, kidney and heart, and cause adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea. In the current study, the toxicity can be reduced by modifying the structure of the compound, processing and changing the dosage forms. CONCLUSIONS There are few studies on the chemical constituents of D. febrifuga, so the components and their structure characterization contained in it can become the focus of future research. In view of the toxicity of D. febrifuga, there are many methods to reduce it, but the safety and rationality of these methods need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Xin-Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Qian-Xiang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Li-Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Xin-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - De-Qiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Nadeem HA, Pervaiz M, Ejaz A, Saeed Z, Imran M, Khan RRM, Younas U. Comparative phytochemical study of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Thymus linearis and their antibacterial and antioxidant potential. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5808. [PMID: 38191948 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Thymus linearis (Thyme) is a medicinal plant widely distributed throughout Asia. Various parts of thyme are utilized for diverse medicinal purposes, including its use as a tonic and diuretic, for cough relief, as a flavoring agent, in treating dysentery, and for alleviating stomach disorders. Numerous studies have been conducted to explore the unexploited potential of thyme. Thyme was collected from the northern region of Pakistan, and sun-mediated extraction was conducted. Phytochemical analysis, utilizing GC-MS, revealed numerous bioactive phytochemical constituents with disease-preventing roles, including detoxifying agents, antioxidants, anticancer compounds, dietary fiber, neuropharmacological agents, and immunity-potentiating agents, in the methanolic and ethanolic (14 days) extracts of the flower, leaf, and stem. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay results indicated that the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the stem exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, reaching up to 67.34% and 62.73%, respectively, while the values for the flower and leaf extracts (both methanol and ethanol) were around 60%. The IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) values were also calculated for all the samples, ranging between 7 and 9 μg/mL. Positive antibacterial and antifungal effects against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, as well as Aspergillus niger (fungi), were observed only in the extracts of the flower (both methanol and ethanol). The sun-mediated technique was used for extraction for the first time in this study. Therefore, this study introduces a novel approach to the extraction of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants, ultimately contributing to the development of herbal drugs with more convenient and cost-effective methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Amir Nadeem
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Pervaiz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anam Ejaz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Umer Younas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Yuan MM, Xu F, Zheng YB, Zhou LG, Deng Y, Zhou GP, Wu X, Ji TF. Diverse terpenoid glycosides with in vitro cytotoxicity from Glechoma longituba. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 217:113923. [PMID: 37963510 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of all known natural products, possessing structural diversity and numerous biological activities. Ten previously undescribed terpenoid glycosides, glechlongsides A-J (1-10), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the whole plant of Glechoma longituba, including diterpenoid glycoside and pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin. The structures of these compounds were characterized by extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as HRESIMS spectra. In addition, glechlongsides F-I (6-9) exhibited weak cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines BGC-823, Be1, HCT-8, A2780, and A549 with IC50 values ranging from 3.77 to 30.95 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Yuan
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yang-Bing Zheng
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Lei-Gang Zhou
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China.
| | - Teng-Fei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
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Pincigher L, Valenti F, Bergamini C, Prata C, Fato R, Amorati R, Jin Z, Farruggia G, Fiorentini D, Calonghi N, Zalambani C. Myrcene: A Natural Compound Showing Anticancer Activity in HeLa Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6728. [PMID: 37764505 PMCID: PMC10537210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-cymene, and myrcene are monoterpenes found in many essential oils extracted from a variety of plants and spices. Myrcene also occurs naturally in plants such as hops, cannabis, lemongrass, and verbena and is used as a flavoring agent in food and beverage manufacturing. In this research, the biological efficacy of γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-cymene, and myrcene was studied in human cell lines (HeLa, SH-SY5Y, and HDFa). Cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, and morphology assays were performed to obtain detailed information on the anticancer properties. Our results show that myrcene has potential biological activity, especially in HeLa cells. In this cell line, it leads to an arrest of proliferation, a decrease in motility and morphological changes with loss of sphericity and thickness, and DNA damage. In addition, the interaction of γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-terpinene, and myrcene with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) was studied by UV-visible spectrophotometry. DNA binding experiments show that only myrcene can interact with DNA with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 29 × 10-6 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pincigher
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zongxin Jin
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (Z.J.)
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Fiorentini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chiara Zalambani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
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Yao L, Shi X, Chen H, Zhang L, Cen L, Li L, Lv Y, Qiu S, Zeng X, Wei C. Major Active Metabolite Characteristics of Dendrobium officinale Rice Wine Fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Wickerhamomyces anomalus Cofermentation. Foods 2023; 12:2370. [PMID: 37372580 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice, supplemented with Dendrobium officinale, was subjected to cofermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae FBKL2.8022 (Sc) and Wickerhamomyces anomalus FBKL2.8023 (Wa). The alcohol content was determined with a biosensor, total sugars with the phenol-sulfuric acid method, reducing sugars with the DNS method, total acids and total phenols with the colorimetric method, and metabolites were analyzed using LC-MS/MS combined with multivariate statistics, while metabolic pathways were constructed using metaboAnalyst 5.0. It was found that the quality of rice wine was higher with the addition of D. officinale. A total of 127 major active substances, mainly phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids, were identified. Among them, 26 substances might have been mainly metabolized by the mixed-yeasts fermentation itself, and 10 substances might have originated either from D. officinale itself or from microbial metabolism on the newly supplemented substrate. In addition, significant differences in metabolite could be attributed to amino acid metabolic pathways, such as phenylalanine metabolism and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. The characteristic microbial metabolism of D. officinale produces metabolites, which are α-dihydroartemisinin, alantolactone, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, and occidentoside. This study showed that mixed-yeasts cofermentation and fermentation with D. officinale both could increase the content of active substances in rice wine and significantly improve the quality of rice wine. The results of this study provide a reference for the mixed fermentation of brewer's yeast and non-yeast yeasts in rice wine brewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xueqin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Sichuan Langjiu Co., Ltd., Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lanyan Cen
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yiyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuyi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiangyong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chaoyang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Gupta S, Dasmahapatra AK. Lycopene destabilizes preformed Aβ fibrils: Mechanistic insights from all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 105:107903. [PMID: 37320982 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic strategy employing destabilization of the preformed Aβ fibril by various natural compounds, as studied by experimental and computational methods, has been reported significant in curing Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, lycopene (a carotenoid), from terpenes family, needs investigation for its destabilization potential of Aβ fibril. The highest antioxidant potential and ability to cross blood brain barrier makes lycopene a preferred choice as drug lead for treating AD. The current study focuses on investigating the destabilization potential and underpinning mechanism of lycopene on different polymorphic forms of Aβ fibril via Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. The key findings highlight binding of lycopene to the outer surface of the chain F of the fibril (2NAO). Herein G9, K16 and V18 residues were found to be involved in van der Waals with the methyl groups of the lycopene. Additionally, Y10 and F20 residues were observed to interact via π-π interactions with CC bonds of the lycopene. The surface mediated binding of lycopene to the fibril is attributed to the large size and structural rigidity of lycopene along with the bulky size of 2NAO and narrow space of fibrillar cavity. The destabilization of the fibril is evident by breakage of inherent H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions in the presence of one lycopene molecule. The lesser β-sheet content explains disorganization of the fibril and bars the higher order aggregation curbing neurotoxicity of the fibril. The higher concentration of the lycopene is not found to be linearly correlated with the extent of destabilization of the fibril. Lycopene is also observed to destabilize the other polymorphic form of Aβ fibril (2BEG), by accessing the fibrillar cavity and lowering the β-sheet content. The destabilization observed by lycopene on two major polymorphs of Aβ fibril explains its potency towards developing an effective therapeutic approach in treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Dasmahapatra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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Satari L, Iglesias A, Porcar M. The Microbiome of Things: Appliances, Machines, and Devices Hosting Artificial Niche-Adapted Microbial Communities. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1507. [PMID: 37375009 PMCID: PMC10304627 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As it is the case with natural substrates, artificial surfaces of man-made devices are home to a myriad of microbial species. Artificial products are not necessarily characterized by human-associated microbiomes; instead, they can present original microbial populations shaped by specific environmental-often extreme-selection pressures. This review provides a detailed insight into the microbial ecology of a range of artificial devices, machines, and appliances, which we argue are specific microbial niches that do not necessarily fit in the "build environment" microbiome definition. Instead, we propose here the Microbiome of Things (MoT) concept analogous to the Internet of Things (IoT) because we believe it may be useful to shed light on human-made, but not necessarily human-related, unexplored microbial niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Satari
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Alba Iglesias
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Manuel Porcar
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, 46980 Paterna, Spain
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence SL., Parc Científic, Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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Brescia FF, Koch M, Wende RC, Schreiner PR, Zorn H, Fraatz MA. Structure Elucidation of Aroma-Active Bicyclic Benzofuran Derivatives Formed by Cystostereum murrayi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7744-7751. [PMID: 37172111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Among the monoterpenoid aroma compounds formed by the basidiomycete Cystostereum murrayi are highly potent bicyclic benzofuran derivatives. In addition to the dill ethers previously described in a few fungi, two stereoisomers of the rare 3,6-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one (1a and 2c), also known as dihydromenthofurolactones, and a C3-unsaturated analogue (3a) are formed by C. murrayi. The analysis of synthesized reference standards of the lactones allowed an unambiguous assignment of the stereoisomers formed by the fungus. Despite a similar structure, two key differences in the stereochemistry of the lactones and dill ethers emerged. The analysis of submerged cultures further revealed the formation of additional, so far unknown, fungal terpenoids, including limonen-10-ol (7) and the corresponding aldehyde limonen-10-al (8). Analysis of chiral terpenoids as well as supplementation studies, including stable isotope-labeled compounds, indicated independent biogenesis pathways for dill ethers and lactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio F Brescia
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Koch
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Raffael C Wende
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Holger Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marco A Fraatz
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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10
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Lima LTFD, Ganzella FADO, Cardoso GC, Pires VDS, Chequin A, Santos GL, Braun-Prado K, Galindo CM, Braz Junior O, Molento MB, Acco A, Adami ER, Costa ET, Cavichiolo Franco CR, Klassen G, Ramos EADS. l-carvone decreases breast cancer cells adhesion, migration, and invasion by suppressing FAK activation. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 378:110480. [PMID: 37059214 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world and current therapeutic strategies present severe drawbacks. l-carvone (CRV), a monoterpene found in Mentha spicata (spearmint), has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we examined the role of CRV in breast cancer cell adhesion, migration and invasion in vitro and how this component could suppress the growth of Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice. In vivo, treatment with CRV significantly decreased tumor growth, increased tumor necrosis area, and reduced the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α in Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice. Furthermore, the anticancer efficacy of CRV was similar to currently used chemotherapy (Methotrexate), and the combination of CRV with MTX potentiated the chemotherapy effects. Further mechanistic investigation in vitro revealed that CRV modulates the interaction of breast cancer cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) by disrupting focal adhesion, which was shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence. Moreover, CRV caused a decrease in β1-integrin expression and inhibited focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation. FAK is one of the most important downstream activators of several metastatic processes, including MMP-2 mediated invasion and HIF-1α/VEGF angiogenesis stimulus, both of which were found to be reduced in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to CRV. Our results provide new insight about targeting β1-integrin/FAK signaling pathway with CRV, which could be a new potential agent in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Trevisan França de Lima
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Casani Cardoso
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Verônica Dos Santos Pires
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Andressa Chequin
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Giulia Luiza Santos
- Molecular Oncology Center, Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karin Braun-Prado
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Odair Braz Junior
- Pos-graduate Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Beltrão Molento
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Pos-graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eliana Rezende Adami
- Pos-graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Erico Tosoni Costa
- Molecular Oncology Center, Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Giseli Klassen
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Edneia Amancio de Souza Ramos
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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11
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Hernández-Cruz E, Eugenio-Pérez D, Ramírez-Magaña KJ, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Effects of Vegetal Extracts and Metabolites against Oxidative Stress and Associated Diseases: Studies in Caenorhabditis elegans. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:8936-8959. [PMID: 36936291 PMCID: PMC10018526 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a natural physiological process where the levels of oxidants, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS), exceed the strategy of antioxidant defenses, culminating in the interruption of redox signaling and control. Oxidative stress is associated with multiple pathologies, including premature aging, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and arthritis. It is not yet clear whether oxidative stress is the cause or consequence of these diseases; however, it has been shown that using compounds with antioxidant properties, particularly compounds of natural origin, could prevent or slow down the progress of different pathologies. Within this context, the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model has served to study the effect of different metabolites and natural compounds, which has helped to decipher molecular targets and the effect of these compounds on premature aging and some diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and dyslipidemia. This article lists the studies carried out on C. elegans in which metabolites and natural extracts have been tested against oxidative stress and the pathologies associated with providing an overview of the discoveries in the redox area made with this nematode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefani
Yaquelin Hernández-Cruz
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National
Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
- Postgraduate
in Biological Sciences, National Autonomous
University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dianelena Eugenio-Pérez
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National
Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
- Postgraduate
in Biochemical Sciences, National Autonomous
University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karla Jaqueline Ramírez-Magaña
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National
Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
- Postgraduate
in Biochemical Sciences, National Autonomous
University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National
Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
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12
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Zhao P, Guan M, Tang W, Walayat N, Ding Y, Liu J. Structural diversity, fermentation production, bioactivities and applications of triterpenoids from several common medicinal fungi: Recent advances and future perspectives. Fitoterapia 2023; 166:105470. [PMID: 36914012 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal fungi are beneficial to human health and it reduces the risk of chronic diseases. Triterpenoids are polycyclic compounds derived from the straight-chain hydrocarbon squalene, which are widely distributed in medicinal fungi. Triterpenoids from medicinal fungal sources possess diverse bioactive activities such as anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity. This review article describes the structure, fermentation production, biological activities, and application of triterpenoids from the medicinal fungi including Ganoderma lucidum, Poria cocos, Antrodia camphorata, Inonotus obliquus, Phellinus linteus, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Laetiporus sulphureus. Besides, the research perspectives of triterpenoids from medicinal fungi are also proposed. This paper provides useful guidance and reference for further research on medicinal fungi triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peicheng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Meizhu Guan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Noman Walayat
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yuting Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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13
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Mandal D, Sarkar T, Chakraborty R. Critical Review on Nutritional, Bioactive, and Medicinal Potential of Spices and Herbs and Their Application in Food Fortification and Nanotechnology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1319-1513. [PMID: 36219334 PMCID: PMC9551254 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal or herbal spices are grown in tropical moist evergreen forestland, surrounding most of the tropical and subtropical regions of Eastern Himalayas in India (Sikkim, Darjeeling regions), Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, a few Central Asian countries, Middle East, USA, Europe, South East Asia, Japan, Malaysia, and Indonesia. According to the cultivation region surrounded, economic value, and vogue, these spices can be classified into major, minor, and colored tropical spices. In total, 24 tropical spices and herbs (cardamom, black jeera, fennel, poppy, coriander, fenugreek, bay leaves, clove, chili, cassia bark, black pepper, nutmeg, black mustard, turmeric, saffron, star anise, onion, dill, asafoetida, celery, allspice, kokum, greater galangal, and sweet flag) are described in this review. These spices show many pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, central nervous system, and antioxidant activities. Numerous bioactive compounds are present in these selected spices, such as 1,8-cineole, monoterpene hydrocarbons, γ-terpinene, cuminaldehyde, trans-anethole, fenchone, estragole, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, piperine, linalool, malabaricone C, safrole, myristicin, elemicin, sinigrin, curcumin, bidemethoxycurcumin, dimethoxycurcumin, crocin, picrocrocin, quercetin, quercetin 4'-O-β-glucoside, apiol, carvone, limonene, α-phellandrene, galactomannan, rosmarinic acid, limonene, capsaicinoids, eugenol, garcinol, and α-asarone. Other than that, various spices are used to synthesize different types of metal-based and polymer-based nanoparticles like zinc oxide, gold, silver, selenium, silica, and chitosan nanoparticles which provide beneficial health effects such as antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, enzyme retardation effect, and antimicrobial activity. The nanoparticles can also be used in environmental pollution management like dye decolorization and in chemical industries to enhance the rate of reaction by the use of catalytic activity of the nanoparticles. The nutritional value, phytochemical properties, health advantages, and both traditional and modern applications of these spices, along with their functions in food fortification, have been thoroughly discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopriya Mandal
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda, 732102, India.
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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14
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Rodríguez II, Rodríguez AD, Barnes CL. Isolation, Structural Analysis and Biological Activity Assays of Biselisabethoxanes A and B: Two Dissymmetric Bis-Diterpenes from the Southwestern Caribbean Sea Gorgonian Coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227879. [PMID: 36431975 PMCID: PMC9694721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two novel dissymmetric diterpenoids, biselisabethoxanes A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from the hexane extracts of the gorgonian coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Biselisabethoxane A (1) represents the first example of a marine-derived C40 dimer made of two distinct diterpene fragments, whereas biselisabethoxane B (2) is a fused heterodimer stemming from coupling of two amphilectane-based fragments. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated based on 1D and 2D NMR spectral data analysis. The molecular structure of 1 was subsequently confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. When evaluated for their inhibitory effects in a series of well-established biological activity assays the isolated compounds were shown to moderately inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana I. Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23346, UPR Station, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
| | - Abimael D. Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23346, UPR Station, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras Campus, 1390 Ponce de León Avenue, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Charles L. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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15
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Roy S, Sarkar T, Chakraborty R. Vegetable seeds: A new perspective in future food development. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Roy
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Malda Polytechnic West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal Malda India
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India
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16
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Campos-Xolalpa N, Esquivel-Campos AL, Martínez-Casares RM, Pérez-Gutiérrez S, Pérez-Ramos J, Sánchez-Mendoza E. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Piquerol Isolated from Piqueria trinervia Cav. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070771. [PMID: 35890070 PMCID: PMC9324079 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammation is a complex process as a response to several stimuli, such as infection, a chemical irritant, and the attack of a foreign body. Piquerol was isolated from Piqueria trinervia, and its anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro models. Methods: Piquerol is a monoterpene that was identified using NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested in vivo in ear edema induced with TPA in mice. Piquerol was also tested on J774A.1 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the levels of NO, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were determined using ELISA. Results: The results show that piquerol diminished ear edema (66.19%). At 150.51 µM, it also inhibited the levels of NO (31.7%), TNF-α (49.8%), IL-1β (69.9%), IL-6 (47.5%), and NF-κB (26.7%), and increased the production of IL-10 (62.3%). Piquerol has a membrane stabilization property in erythrocyte, and at 100 µg/mL, the membrane protection was of 86.17%. Conclusions: Piquerol has anti-inflammatory activity, and its possible mechanism of action is through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators. This compound could be a candidate in the development of new drugs to treat inflammatory problems.
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17
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Majdan M, Bobrowska-Korczak B. Active Compounds in Fruits and Inflammation in the Body. Nutrients 2022; 14:2496. [PMID: 35745226 PMCID: PMC9229651 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes, asthma, and cancer. An appropriate diet and the active compounds contained in it can affect various stages of the inflammatory process and significantly affect the course of inflammatory diseases. Recent reports indicate that polyphenolic acids, vitamins, minerals, and other components of fruits may exhibit activity stimulating an anti-inflammatory response, which may be of importance in maintaining health and reducing the risk of disease. The article presents the latest data on the chemical composition of fruits and the health benefits arising from their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The chemical composition of fruits determines their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but the mechanisms of action are not fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Bobrowska-Korczak
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
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18
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Steven R, Humaira Z, Natanael Y, Dwivany FM, Trinugroho JP, Dwijayanti A, Kristianti T, Tallei TE, Emran TB, Jeon H, Alhumaydhi FA, Radjasa OK, Kim B. Marine Microbial-Derived Resource Exploration: Uncovering the Hidden Potential of Marine Carotenoids. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:352. [PMID: 35736155 PMCID: PMC9229179 DOI: 10.3390/md20060352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes in marine ecosystems are known to produce secondary metabolites. One of which are carotenoids, which have numerous industrial applications, hence their demand will continue to grow. This review highlights the recent research on natural carotenoids produced by marine microorganisms. We discuss the most recent screening approaches for discovering carotenoids, using in vitro methods such as culture-dependent and culture-independent screening, as well as in silico methods, using secondary metabolite Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (smBGCs), which involves the use of various rule-based and machine-learning-based bioinformatics tools. Following that, various carotenoids are addressed, along with their biological activities and metabolic processes involved in carotenoids biosynthesis. Finally, we cover the application of carotenoids in health and pharmaceutical industries, current carotenoids production system, and potential use of synthetic biology in carotenoids production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Steven
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Zalfa Humaira
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yosua Natanael
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Fenny M. Dwivany
- Institut Teknologi Bandung, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (R.S.); (Z.H.); (Y.N.)
| | - Joko P. Trinugroho
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW72AZ, UK;
| | - Ari Dwijayanti
- CNRS@CREATE Ltd., 1 Create Way, #08-01 Create Tower, Singapore 138602, Singapore;
| | | | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Heewon Jeon
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ocky Karna Radjasa
- Oceanography Research Center, The Earth Sciences and Maritime Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency, North Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5 Hoegidong, Seoul 02447, Korea;
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19
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LI ZR, GU MZ, XU X, ZHANG JH, ZHANG HL, HAN C. Promising natural lysine specific demethylase 1 inhibitors for cancer treatment: advances and outlooks. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:241-257. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Evaluating Potential Respiratory Benefits of Forest-Based Experiences: A Regional Scale Approach. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Several studies have suggested the possibility of obtaining specific respiratory benefits by experiencing forests and other natural resources. Despite this, forests have never been considered according to such potential. This study aims to compare municipalities by considering the absence/presence of tree species generating ‘above threshold’ potential respiratory benefits. Methods: The autonomous Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia in Italy has been assumed as a research area. The natural resource based view (NRBV), postulating the strategic role played by natural resources in achieving both above-average (thus ‘valuable’) and ‘concentrated’ (thus ‘rare’ among competitors) performance, has been adopted. The literature reviews dealing with potential respiratory benefits of biogenic organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted by trees, published within the ‘forest therapy’ research field, have been adopted. Three analysis models rating tree species by their potential respiratory benefits in ‘holistic-general’ (P1), ‘particular’ (P2), and ‘dynamic” terms (P3) have been outlined. The resulting overall potentials of tree species have been assessed by adopting the well-rooted Hollerith distance (HD) model. Tree species have been rated “1” when they satisfy one or more of 58 potential respiratory benefits. Municipalities have been ranked by considering the surface area covered by forest types whose dominant tree species achieve above-average potential respiratory benefits. QGIS software has been adopted to geographically reference the results obtained. Results: (P1) Valuable municipalities include those covered by both coniferous and deciduous forests; (P2–3) Municipalities achieving the highest potential respiratory benefits, in both particular and dynamic terms, have been mapped. Discussion: Forest-based initiatives that are running in the preselected municipalities can be both further improved and diversified in a targeted way. Conclusions: Despite some limitations mostly embedded in the concept of ‘model’, this study allows scholars to reduce uncertainties when locating municipalities in which to conduct local-scale experiments.
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21
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Mudau HS, Mokoboki HK, Ravhuhali KE, Mkhize Z. Effect of Soil Type: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phytochemicals in Some Browse Species Leaves Found in Savannah Biome of South Africa. Molecules 2022; 27:1462. [PMID: 35268563 PMCID: PMC8911906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In semi-arid regions, browse plant species are used as feed and for medicinal purposes for both animals and humans. The limitation of the utilization of these species to medicinal purposes or as feed for livestock is a lack of knowledge on the concentration level of phytochemicals and other bioactive compounds found in these plants. The study sought to assay the qualitative and quantitative bioactive constituents of some browse species found in the savannah biome of South Africa, viz. Adansonia digitate, Androstachys johnsonii, Balanites maughamii, Berchemia discolor, Berchemia zeyheri, Bridelia mollis hutch, Carissa edulis, Catha edulis, Colophospermum mopane, Combretum Imberbe, Combretum molle, Combretum collinum, Dalbergia melanoxylon, Dichrostachys cinerea, Diospros lycioides, Diospyros mespiliformis, Euclea divinorum, Flueggea virosa, Grewia flava, Grewia flavescens, Grewia monticola, Grewia occidentalis, Melia azedarach, Peltophorum africanum, Prosopis velutina, Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia, Pterocarpus rotundifolius, Schinus molle, Schotia brachypetala, Sclerocarya birrea, Searsia lancea, Searsia leptodictya, Searsia pyroides, Senegalia caffra, Senegalia galpinii, Senegalia mellifera, Senegalia nigrescens, Senegalia polyacantha, Strychnos madagascariensis, Terminalia sericea, Trichilia emetic, Vachellia erioloba, Vachellia hebeclada, Vachellia karroo, Vachellia nilotica, Vachellia nilotica subsp. Kraussiana, Vachellia rechmanniana, Vachellia robusta, Vachellia tortilis, Vachellia tortilis subsp. raddiana, Vangueria infausta, and Ziziphus mucronata. These browse species’ leaf samples were harvested from two provinces (Limpopo and North-West) of South Africa. The Limpopo province soil type was Glenrosa, Mispah, and Lithosols (GM-L), and the soil types in the North-West Province were Aeolian Kalahari Sand, Clovelly, and Hutton (AKS-CH). The harvested browse samples were air dried at room temperature for about seven days and ground for analysis. The methanol and distilled water extracts of the browse species leaves showed the presence of common phytoconstituents, including saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, cardio glycosides, terpenoids, and phlobatannins, as major active compounds in browse species leaves. In the quantitative analysis, phytochemical compounds, such as soluble phenols, insoluble tannins, and condensed tannins, were quantified for common species found in both sites. Two-way ANOVA and multivariate analysis were used to test soil type and species effect on soluble phenols, insoluble tannins, and condensed tannins of woody species. Dichrostachys cinerea (0.1011% DM) in GM-L soil type and Z. mucronata (0.1009% DM) in AKS-CH soil type showed the highest (p < 0.05) concentration of soluble phenols. In AKS-CH soil type, D. cinerea (0.0453% DM) had the highest insoluble tannins concentration, while V. hebeclada had the lowest (0.0064% DM) insoluble tannins content. Vacchelia hebeclada had lower (p < 0.05) condensed tannins concentration levels than all other browse plants in both soil types. Under multivariate analysis tests, there was a significant effect (p < 0.001) of soil type, species, and soil type x species interaction on soluble phenols, insoluble tannins, and condensed tannins of woody species. In this study, most of the woody species found in GM-L soil type showed a lower amount of tannins than those harvested in AKS-CH soil type. There is a need to identify the amount of unquantified phytochemicals contained in these browse species and valorize the high-bioactive-compound browse species to enhance and maximize browsing of these browse species for animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humbelani Silas Mudau
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Hilda Kwena Mokoboki
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Khuliso Emmanuel Ravhuhali
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Zimbili Mkhize
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;
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22
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Kabir MT, Rahman MH, Shah M, Jamiruddin MR, Basak D, Al-Harrasi A, Bhatia S, Ashraf GM, Najda A, El-Kott AF, Mohamed HRH, Al-Malky HS, Germoush MO, Altyar AE, Alwafai EB, Ghaboura N, Abdel-Daim MM. Therapeutic promise of carotenoids as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112610. [PMID: 35062074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis have various disease-specific causal factors and pathological features. A very common characteristic of NDs is oxidative stress (OS), which takes place due to the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species during the progression of NDs. Furthermore, the pathological condition of NDs including an increased level of protein aggregates can further lead to chronic inflammation because of the microglial activation. Carotenoids (CTs) are naturally occurring pigments that play a significant role in averting brain disorders. More than 750 CTs are present in nature, and they are widely available in plants, microorganisms, and animals. CTs are accountable for the red, yellow, and orange pigments in several animals and plants, and these colors usually indicate various types of CTs. CTs exert various bioactive properties because of its characteristic structure, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Due to the protective properties of CTs, levels of CTs in the human body have been markedly linked with the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases including NDs. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between OS, neuroinflammation, and NDs. In addition, we have also particularly focused on the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of CTs in the management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanvir Kabir
- Department of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh; Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Debasish Basak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa B Alwafai
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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23
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In Vitro and In Vivo Antidiabetic Potential of Monoterpenoids: An Update. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010182. [PMID: 35011414 PMCID: PMC8746715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin levels or insulin resistance. Despite the availability of several oral and injectable hypoglycemic agents, their use is associated with a wide range of side effects. Monoterpenes are compounds extracted from different plants including herbs, vegetables, and fruits and they contribute to their aroma and flavor. Based on their chemical structure, monoterpenes are classified into acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenes. They have been found to exhibit numerous biological and medicinal effects such as antipruritic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. Therefore, monoterpenes emerged as promising molecules that can be used therapeutically to treat a vast range of diseases. Additionally, monoterpenes were found to modulate enzymes and proteins that contribute to insulin resistance and other pathological events caused by DM. In this review, we highlight the different mechanisms by which monoterpenes can be used in the pharmacological intervention of DM via the alteration of certain enzymes, proteins, and pathways involved in the pathophysiology of DM. Based on the fact that monoterpenes have multiple mechanisms of action on different targets in in vitro and in vivo studies, they can be considered as lead compounds for developing effective hypoglycemic agents. Incorporating these compounds in clinical trials is needed to investigate their actions in diabetic patients in order to confirm their ability in controlling hyperglycemia.
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24
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Tedjini R, Ziani BE, Casimiro T, Viveiros R, Calhelha RC, Barros L, Boukenna L, Hamdi A, Chebout R, Bachari K, Talhi O, Silva AM. Hemi-synthesis of novel (S)-carvone hydrazone from Carum carvi L. essential oils: Structural and crystal characterization, targeted bioassays and molecular docking on human protein kinase (CK2) and Epidermal Growth factor Kinase (EGFK). J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Wang QQ, Zhu MJ, Yu X, Bi YY, Zhou Z, Chen MK, Chen J, Zhang D, Ai Y, Liu ZJ, Lan S. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Terpene Synthase Genes in Cymbidium faberi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:751853. [PMID: 34899778 PMCID: PMC8656225 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.751853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Terpene synthases (TPSs) are essential for forming terpenes, which play numerous functional roles in attracting pollinators, defending plants, and moderating the interaction between plants. TPSs have been reported in some orchids, but genome-wide identification of terpenes in Cymbidium faberi is still lacking. In this study, 32 putative TPS genes were classified in C. faberi and divided into three subfamilies (TPS-a, TPS-b, and TPS-e/f). Motif and gene structure analysis revealed that most CfTPS genes had the conserved aspartate-rich DDxxD motif. TPS genes in the TPS-a and TPS-b subfamilies had variations in the RRX8W motif. Most cis-elements of CfTPS genes were found in the phytohormone responsiveness category, and MYC contained most of the numbers associated with MeJA responsiveness. The Ka/Ks ratios of 12/13 CfTPS gene pairs were less than one, indicated that most CfTPS genes have undergone negative selection. The tissue-specific expression patterns showed that 28 genes were expressed in at least one tissue in C. faberi, and TPS genes were most highly expressed in flowers, followed by leaves and pseudobulbs. In addition, four CfTPS genes were selected for the real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) experiment. The results revealed that CfTPS12, CfTPS18, CfTPS23, and CfTPS28 were mainly expressed in the full flowering stage. CfTPS18 could convert GPP to β-myrcene, geraniol, and α-pinene in vitro. These findings of CfTPS genes of C. faberi may provide valuable information for further studies on TPSs in orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Jia Zhu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xia Yu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yang Bi
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming-Kun Chen
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiating Chen
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Diyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ye Ai
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Vegetable and Flowers, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Siren Lan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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26
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Jiang H, Zhang W, Li X, Shu C, Jiang W, Cao J. Nutrition, phytochemical profile, bioactivities and applications in food industry of pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) peels: A comprehensive review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Mohammadhosseini M, Frezza C, Venditti A, Sarker SD. A Systematic Review on Phytochemistry, Ethnobotany and Biological Activities of the Genus Bunium L. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100317. [PMID: 34554642 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review article is to present, for the first time, an appraisal of the phytochemical, ethnobotanical and pharmacological data on Bunium species. The literature search was conducted using the Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The genus Bunium has been found to produce both essential oil (EO), mainly comprising monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, and non-volatile components mainly coumarins and flavonoids. There are several pharmacological activities associated with the Bunium species, especially antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal properties. The chemotaxonomic appraisal of the phytochemical pattern of the genus is in sink with the current classification of the family. Moreover, this review confirms the significant ethnobotanical and pharmacological potential of different Bunium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mohammadhosseini
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Claudio Frezza
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, 'Sapienza' Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Venditti
- Dipartimento di Chimica: 'Sapienza', Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- Center for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom
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28
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Serafim CADL, Araruna MEC, Alves Júnior EB, Silva LMO, Silva AO, da Silva MS, Alves AF, Araújo AA, Batista LM. (-)-Carveol Prevents Gastric Ulcers via Cytoprotective, Antioxidant, Antisecretory and Immunoregulatory Mechanisms in Animal Models. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:736829. [PMID: 34497525 PMCID: PMC8419343 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.736829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: (-)-Carveol (p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol) is a monocyclic monoterpenic alcohol, present in essential oils of plant species such as Cymbopogon giganteus, Illicium pachyphyllum and in spices such as Carum carvi (cumin). Pharmacological studies report its antitumor, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, vasorelaxant, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Hypothesis/Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute non-clinical oral toxicity, gastroprotective activity of monoterpene (-)-Carveol in animal models and the related mechanisms of action. Methods: Acute toxicity was assessed according to OECD guide 423 in mice. Ethanol, stress, NSAIDs and pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer models were used to investigate antiulcer properties. The related mechanisms of action were using the ethanol-gastric lesions protocol. Results: (-)-Carveol has low toxicity, with a lethal dose 50% (LD50) equal to or greater than 2,500 mg/kg according to OECD guide nº 423. In all gastric ulcer induction methods evaluated, (-)-Carveol (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the ulcerative lesion in comparison with the respective control groups. To investigate the mechanisms involved in the gastroprotective activity, the antisecretory or neutralizing of gastric secretion, cytoprotective, antioxidant and immunoregulatory effects were evaluated. In the experimental protocol of pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer, (-)-Carveol (100 mg/kg) reduced (p < 0.001) the volume of gastric secretion in both routes (oral and intraduodenal). The previous administration of blockers NEM (sulfhydryl groups blocker), L-NAME (nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor), glibenclamide (KATP channel blocker) and indomethacin (cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor), significantly reduced the gastroprotection exercised by (-)-Carveol, suggesting the participation of these pathways in its gastroprotective activity. In addition, treatment with (-)-Carveol (100 mg/kg) increased (p < 0.001) mucus adhered to the gastric wall. Treatment also increased (p < 0.001) levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). It also reduced (p < 0.001) malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Conclusion: Thus, it is possible to infer that (-)-Carveol presents gastroprotective activity related to antisecretory, cytoprotective, antioxidant and immunomodulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Alves de Lima Serafim
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Maria Elaine Cristina Araruna
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Balbino Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Leiliane Macena Oliveira Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Alessa Oliveira Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sobral da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Adriano Francisco Alves
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Aurigena Antunes Araújo
- Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Leônia Maria Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
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Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products, most of which are derived from plants. Amongst their numerous biological properties, their anti-tumor effects are of interest for they are extremely diverse which include anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been dedicated to understanding the 'terpenoid induced autophagy' phenomenon in cancer cells. Light has already been shed on the intricacy of apoptosis and autophagy relationship. This latter crosstalk is driven by the delicate balance between activating or silencing of certain proteins whereby the outcome is expressed via interrelated signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on nine of the most studied terpenoids and on their cell death and autophagic activity. These terpenoids are grouped in three classes: sesquiterpenoid (artemisinin, parthenolide), diterpenoids (oridonin, triptolide), and triterpenoids (alisol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, platycodin D, and ursolic acid). We have selected these nine terpenoids among others as they belong to the different major classes of terpenoids and our extensive search of the literature indicated that they were the most studied in terms of autophagy in cancer. These terpenoids alone demonstrate the complexity by which these secondary metabolites induce autophagy via complex signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, NF-kB, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, induction of autophagy can be either destructive or protective in tumor cells. Nevertheless, should this phenomenon be well understood, we ought to be able to exploit it to create novel therapies and design more effective regimens in the management and treatment of cancer.
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Farazi M, Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S. Dietary inflammatory index and the risk of non-communicable chronic disease and mortality: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:57-66. [PMID: 34176394 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1943646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to perform an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) of observational studies of the association of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) with the risk of non-communicable chronic disease and mortality in the general population. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science to November 2020. For each outcome, the summary effect sizes with the corresponding 95%CIs were recalculated using a random-effects model. The certainty of the evidence and the quality of conduct of published SRMAs were rated using the GRADE and ASMTAR 2 tools, respectively. A total of 11 SRMAs of observational studies, reporting pooled effect sizes for 29 outcomes obtain from 60 prospective cohort and 67 case-control studies, were included. Our results demonstrated evidence of moderate certainty for a positive relation between DII and the risk cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and colorectal cancer. Higher DII was also associated with site-specific cancer risk, but for cancers at most sites, existing evidence is derived from case-control studies with the certainty of evidence being rated low or very low. Our findings suggested that adherence to a diet with high inflammatory features might be associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mena Farazi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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31
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Aguiar J, Gonçalves JL, Alves VL, Câmara JS. Relationship between Volatile Composition and Bioactive Potential of Vegetables and Fruits of Regular Consumption-An Integrative Approach. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123653. [PMID: 34203867 PMCID: PMC8232647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying and exploring the potential health benefits of foods, mainly from vegetables and fruits from regular intake. The presence of secondary metabolites, namely polyphenols, carotenoids and terpenes, in certain food matrices seems to contribute to their functional properties, expressed through an increased prevention in the development of certain chronic diseases, namely coronary heart diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and diabetes. However, some foods' volatile secondary metabolites also present important bioactive properties, although this is a poorly scientifically explored field. In this context, and in order to explore the potential bioactivity of volatile metabolites in different vegetables and fruits from regular consumption, the volatile composition was established using a green extraction technique, solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME), combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 320 volatile metabolites, comprising 51 terpenic compounds, 45 organosulfur compounds, 31 aldehydes, 37 esters, 29 ketones, 28 alcohols, 23 furanic compounds, 22 hydrocarbons, 19 benzene compounds, 13 nitrogenous compounds, 9 carboxylic acids, 7 ethers, 4 halogenated compounds and 3 naphthalene derivatives, were positively identified. Each investigated fruit and vegetable showed a specific volatile metabolomic profile. The obtained results revealed that terpenic compounds, to which are associated antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, are the most predominant chemical family in beetroot (61%), orange carrot (58%) and white carrot (61%), while organosulfur compounds (antiviral activity) are dominant in onion, garlic and watercress. Broccoli and spinach are essentially constituted by alcohols and aldehydes (enzyme-inhibition and antimicrobial properties), while fruits from the Solanaceae family are characterized by esters in tamarillo and aldehydes in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselin Aguiar
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
| | - João L. Gonçalves
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
| | - Vera L. Alves
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.); (J.L.G.); (V.L.A.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-291-705-112; Fax: +351-291-705-149
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Clark AM, Magawa C, Pliego-Zamora A, Low P, Reynolds M, Ralph SJ. Tea tree oil extract causes mitochondrial superoxide production and apoptosis as an anticancer agent, promoting tumor infiltrating neutrophils cytotoxic for breast cancer to induce tumor regression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111790. [PMID: 34119930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activity of the tea tree oil (TTO) derived product, Melaleuca Alternifolia Concentrate (MAC) was characterized mechanistically at the molecular and cellular level. MAC was analyzed for its anticancer activity against human prostate (LNCaP) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines growing in vitro. MAC (0.02-0.06% v/v) dose-dependently induced the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathway in both the LNCaP and MCF-7 cell lines, involving increased mitochondrial superoxide production, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), caspase 3/7 activation, as well as the presence of TUNEL+ and cleaved-PARP+ cell populations. At concentrations of 0.01-0.04% v/v, MAC caused cell cycle arrest in the G0/1-phase, as well as autophagy. The in vivo anticancer actions of MAC were examined as a treatment in the FVB/N c-Neu murine model for spontaneously arising breast cancers. Intratumoral MAC injections (1-4% v/v) significantly suppressed tumor progression in a dose-dependent manner and was associated with greater levels of tumor infiltrating neutrophils exhibiting anticancer cytotoxic activity. Induction of breast cancer cell death by MAC via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was also replicated occurring in tumors treated in vivo. In conclusion, our data highlights the potential for the Melaleuca-derived MAC product inducing anticancer neutrophil influx, supporting its application as a novel therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Clark
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Chandi Magawa
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Adriana Pliego-Zamora
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Pauline Low
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Max Reynolds
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; Australian Botanical Bioscience Pty. Ltd., Australia
| | - Stephen J Ralph
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia.
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Zhang J, Li Y, Wang S, Wang R. Labeling of prenylated nucleic acid by Ene-type fluorination under physiological condition. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Li N, Dong Y, Lv M, Qian L, Sun X, Liu L, Cai Y, Fan H. Combined Analysis of Volatile Terpenoid Metabolism and Transcriptome Reveals Transcription Factors Related to Terpene Synthase in Two Cultivars of Dendrobium officinale Flowers. Front Genet 2021; 12:661296. [PMID: 33968137 PMCID: PMC8101708 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.661296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale is a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Its flowers could be used as health care tea for its aroma flavor and medicinal value. Most recent studies demonstrated that terpenoids are the main components of the aromatic compounds in the flowers, but the biosynthesis of terpenoids is poorly understood in D. officinale. In the experiment, the flowers from two cultivars of D. officinale with different smells were collected. The transcriptome analysis and combined volatile terpenoids determination were performed to identify the genes related to the biosynthesis of the terpenoids. The results showed that the different products of volatile terpenoids are α-thujene, linalool, α-terpineol, α-phellandrene, γ-muurolene, α-patchoulene, and δ-elemene in two cultivar flowers. The transcriptome analysis detected 25,484 genes in the flowers. And 18,650 differentially expressed genes were identified between the two cultivars. Of these genes, 253 genes were mapped to the terpenoid metabolism pathway. Among these genes, 13 terpene synthase (TPS) genes may have correlations with AP2/ERF, WRKY, MYB, bHLH, and bZIP transcription factors by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The transcription factors have regulatory effects on TPS genes. These results may provide ideas for the terpenoid biosynthesis and regulatory network of D. officinale flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yingxue Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Honghong Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Ali SA, Singh G, Datusalia AK. Potential therapeutic applications of phytoconstituents as immunomodulators: Pre-clinical and clinical evidences. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3702-3731. [PMID: 33734511 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune and infectious diseases are the major public health issues and have gained great attention in the last few years for the search of new agents with therapeutic benefits on the host immune functions. In recent years, natural products (NPs) have been studied broadly for their multi-targeted activities under pathological conditions. Interestingly, several attempts have been made to outline the immunomodulatory properties of NPs. Research on in-vitro and in-vivo models have shown the immunomodulatory activity of NPs, is due to their antiinflammatory property, induction of phagocytosis and immune cells stimulation activity. Moreover, studies on humans have suggested that phytomedicines reduce inflammation and could provide appropriate benefits either in single form or complex combinations with other agents preventing disease progression, subsequently enhancing the efficacy of treatment to combat multiple malignancies. However, the exact mechanism of immunomodulation is far from clear, warranting more detailed investigations on their effectiveness. Nevertheless, the reduction of inflammatory cascades is considered as a prime protective mechanism in a number of inflammation regulated autoimmune diseases. Altogether, this review will discuss the biological activities of plant-derived secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, polysaccharides and so forth, against various diseases and their potential use as an immunomodulatory agent under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Afroz Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, India
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Velu V, Banerjee S, Radhakrishnan V, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S, Mehta M, Dua K, Malipeddi H. Identification of Phytoconstituents of Tragia Involucrata leaf Extracts and Evaluate their Correlation with Anti-inflammatory & Antioxidant Properties. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:308-315. [PMID: 33573582 DOI: 10.2174/1871523020666210126144506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present investigation was aimed at exploring the phytoconstituents using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and to evaluate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracts were obtained sequentially with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water using Soxhlet apparatus. The anti-inflammatory property of the identified compounds using GC- MS spectroscopy was evaluated in silico. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH and H2O2 method whereas anti-inflammatory study was carried out by HRBC membrane stabilization method. Terpenoids were found to be a major constituents in petroleum ether extract while, phenols and flavonoids were predominantly found in ethyl acetate extract. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed six major molecules including Squalene, 19β, 28-epoxyleanan-3-ol and 2-tu-Butyl-5-chloromethyl-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidine- 1-carboxylic acid. The ethyl acetate extract showed a significant antioxidant activity (P<0.01) in both DPPH method (70.87%) and H2O2 method (73.58%) at 200 μg mL-1. Increased membrane stabilization of petroleum ether extract was observed in the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity study. A strong relationship between the terpenoid content and anti-inflammatory activity was obtained from the correlation (0.971) and docking study. CONCLUSION These results justify T. involucrata to be a rich source of terpenoids with potent anti- inflammatory property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinodhini Velu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swagata Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidya Radhakrishnan
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore- 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura-302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, Darul, Aman, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah, Darul, Aman, Malaysia
| | - Meenu Mehta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara- 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Himaja Malipeddi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mickus R, Jančiukė G, Raškevičius V, Mikalayeva V, Matulytė I, Marksa M, Maciūnas K, Bernatonienė J, Skeberdis VA. The effect of nutmeg essential oil constituents on Novikoff hepatoma cell viability and communication through Cx43 gap junctions. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111229. [PMID: 33444950 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils from plants are a potential source of molecules having anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardiotropic, and other activities. However, most of these effects lack mechanistic explanations and structure-activity relationship testing. In the present study, we: 1) identified the nutmeg essential oil (NEO) composition; 2) using molecular docking, we determined the putative regulatory binding sites on the connexin 43 (Cx43) that is responsible for gap junction-dependent intercellular communication (GJIC) in the majority of tissues; 3) examined the effect of NEO and its three constituents - sabinene, α-pinene, and α-copaene - on GJ conductance and gating in Novikoff cells expressing endogenous Cx43; and 4) verified whether NEO effects on GJIC correlated with its action on Novikoff cell viability, proliferation, and colony formation capability. Our results revealed NEO and its constituents as potent and efficient Cx43 GJ inhibitors acting by slow gating mechanism. In addition, NEO reduced Novikoff hepatoma cell viability, proliferation, and colony formation capability; however, this was achieved at higher doses and was unrelated to its effects on GJIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokas Mickus
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Gintarė Jančiukė
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Raškevičius
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Valeryia Mikalayeva
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Inga Matulytė
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT 50162, Lithuania; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Marksa
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Maciūnas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatonienė
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT 50162, Lithuania; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-50162, Lithuania
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Sun C, Dong X, Zhang R, Xie C. Effectiveness of recombinant Escherichia coli on the production of (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:3. [PMID: 33419424 PMCID: PMC7791655 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol is a naturally oxygenated monoterpene widely used as the natural flavor additives, insecticides, jet fuels and anti-cancer therapies. It was also readily available monoterpene precursors. However, this natural product is present at low concentrations from plant sources which are not economically viable. Therefore, alternative microbial production methods are rapidly emerging as an attractive alternative to make (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol production more sustainable and environmentally friendly. Results We engineered Escherichia coli to possess a heterologous mevalonate (MVA) pathway, including limonene synthase, P-cymene monoxygenase hydroxylase and P-cymene monoxygenase reductase for the production of (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol. The concentration of (R)-(+)-limonene (the monoterpene precursor to (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol) reached 45 mg/L from glucose. Enhanced (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol production was therefore achieved. The strain produced (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol at a titer of 87 mg/L and a yield of 1.5 mg/g glucose in a 5 L bioreactor fed batch system. Conclusions These datas highlight the efficient production of (R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol through the mevalonate pathway from glucose. This method serves as a platform for the future production of other monoterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- A State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Qingdao, 266042, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Rd., Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xianjuan Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Rd., Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Rubing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Rd., Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Congxia Xie
- A State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Qingdao, 266042, China.
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Bioprospecting for Biomolecules from Different Fungal Communities: An Introduction. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85603-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xu T, Chen W, Zhou J, Dai J, Li Y, Zhao Y. NPBS database: a chemical data resource with relational data between natural products and biological sources. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2020; 2020:6031002. [PMID: 33306802 PMCID: PMC7731925 DOI: 10.1093/database/baaa102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NPBS (Natural Products & Biological Sources) database is a chemical data resource with relational data between natural products and biological sources, manually curated from literatures of natural product researches. The relational data link a specific species and all the natural products derived from it and contrarily link a specific natural product and all the biological sources. The biological sources cover diverse species of plant, bacterial, fungal and marine organisms; the natural molecules have proper chemical structure data and computable molecular properties and all the relational data have corresponding references. NPBS database provides a wider choice of biological sources and can be used for dereplication to prevent re-isolation and re-characterization of already known natural products. Database URL: http://www.organchem.csdb.cn/scdb/NPBS
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjun Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 LingLing Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiming Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 LingLing Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 LingLing Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingfang Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 LingLing Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingyong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 LingLing Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingli Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 LingLing Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Masuelli L, Benvenuto M, Focaccetti C, Ciuffa S, Fazi S, Bei A, Miele MT, Piredda L, Manzari V, Modesti A, Bei R. Targeting the tumor immune microenvironment with "nutraceuticals": From bench to clinical trials. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 219:107700. [PMID: 33045254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of immune effector cells in the tissue microenvironment during neoplastic progression is critical in determining tumor growth outcomes. On the other hand, tumors may also avoid immune system-mediated elimination by recruiting immunosuppressive leukocytes and soluble factors, which coordinate a tumor microenvironment that counteracts the efficiency of the antitumor immune response. Checkpoint inhibitor therapy results have indicated a way forward via activation of the immune system against cancer. Widespread evidence has shown that different compounds in foods, when administered as purified substances, can act as immunomodulators in humans and animals. Although there is no universally accepted definition of nutraceuticals, the term identifies a wide category of natural compounds that may impact health and disease statuses and includes purified substances from natural sources, plant extracts, dietary supplements, vitamins, phytonutrients, and various products with combinations of functional ingredients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the immunomodulatory effects of nutraceuticals with a special focus on the cancer microenvironment, highlighting the conceptual benefits or drawbacks and subtle cell-specific effects of nutraceuticals for envisioning future therapies employing nutraceuticals as chemoadjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ciuffa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Fazi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Bei
- Medical School, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Martino Tony Miele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Piredda
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; CIMER, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Barsain BL, Purohit A, Kumar A, Joshi R, Hallan V, Yadav SK. PkGPPS.SSU interacts with two PkGGPPS to form heteromeric GPPS in Picrorhiza kurrooa: Molecular insights into the picroside biosynthetic pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:115-128. [PMID: 32554175 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Geranyl geranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPPS) is known to form an integral subunit of the heteromeric GPPS (geranyl pyrophosphate synthase) complex and catalyzes the biosynthesis of monoterpene in plants. Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth., a medicinally important high altitude plant is known for picroside biomolecules, the monoterpenoids. However, the significance of heteromeric GPPS in P. kurrooa still remains obscure. Here, transient silencing of PkGGPPS was observed to reduce picroside-I (P-I) content by more than 60% as well as picroside-II (P-II) by more than 75%. Thus, PkGGPPS was found to be involved in the biosynthesis of P-I and P-II besides other terpenoids. To unravel the mechanism, small subunit of GPPS (PkGPPS.SSU) was identified from P. kurrooa. Protein-protein interaction studies in yeast as well as bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) in planta have indicated that large subunit of GPPS PkGPPS.LSUs (PkGGPPS1 and PkGGPPS2) and PkGPPS.SSU form a heteromeric GPPS. Presence of similar conserved domains such as light responsive motifs, low temperature responsive elements (LTRE), dehydration responsive elements (DREs), W Box and MeJA responsive elements in the promoters of PkGPPS.LSU and PkGPPS.SSU documented their involvement in picroside biosynthesis. Further, the tissue specific transcript expression analysis vis-à-vis epigenetic regulation (DNA methylation) of promoters as well as coding regions of PkGPPS.LSU and PkGPPS.SSU has strongly suggested their role in picroside biosynthesis. Taken together, the newly identified PkGPPS.SSU formed the heteromeric GPPS by interacting with PkGPPS.LSUs to synthesize P-I and P-II in P. kurrooa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Lalhal Barsain
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Purohit
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Robin Joshi
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India
| | - Vipin Hallan
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sudesh Kumar Yadav
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
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Evaristo Rodrigues da Silva R, de Alencar Silva A, Pereira-de-Morais L, de Sousa Almeida N, Iriti M, Kerntopf MR, de Menezes IRA, Coutinho HDM, Barbosa R. Relaxant Effect of Monoterpene (-)-Carveol on Isolated Human Umbilical Cord Arteries and the Involvement of Ion Channels. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112681. [PMID: 32527034 PMCID: PMC7321233 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Carveol is a monoterpene present in the structure of many plant products. It has a variety of biological activities: antioxidant, anticancer and vasorelaxation. However, studies investigating the effect of monoterpenoids on human vessels have not yet been described. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the effect of (−)-carveol on human umbilical arteries (HUAs). HUA ring preparations were isolated and subjected to isometric tension recordings of umbilical artery smooth muscle contractions. (−)-Carveol exhibited a significant vasorelaxant effect on KCl and 5-HT-induced contractions, obtaining EC50 values of 344.25 ± 8.4 and 175.82 ± 4.05 µM, respectively. The participation of calcium channels in the relaxation produced by (−)-carveol was analyzed using vessels pre-incubated with (−)-carveol (2000 µM) in a calcium-free medium, where the induction of contractions was abolished. The vasorelaxant effect of (−)-carveol on HUAs was reduced by tetraethylammonium (TEA), which increased the (−)-carveol EC50 to 484.87 ± 6.55 µM. The present study revealed that (−)-carveol possesses a vasorelaxant activity in HUAs, which was dependent on the opening of calcium and potassium channels. These results pave the way for further studies involving the use of monoterpenoids for the vasodilatation of HUAs. These molecules have the potential to treat diseases such as pre-eclampsia, which is characterized by resistance in umbilical arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Evaristo Rodrigues da Silva
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.E.R.d.S.); (N.d.S.A.); (M.R.K.); (I.R.A.d.M.); (H.D.M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Andressa de Alencar Silva
- PhD student Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Higher Institute of Biomedical Sciences State University of Ceará–UECE, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil;
| | - Luís Pereira-de-Morais
- PhD student in Biotechnology by the Northeastern Biotechnology Network - RENORBIO, State University of Ceará-UECE, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil;
| | - Nayane de Sousa Almeida
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.E.R.d.S.); (N.d.S.A.); (M.R.K.); (I.R.A.d.M.); (H.D.M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +390-250316766
| | - Marta Regina Kerntopf
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.E.R.d.S.); (N.d.S.A.); (M.R.K.); (I.R.A.d.M.); (H.D.M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.E.R.d.S.); (N.d.S.A.); (M.R.K.); (I.R.A.d.M.); (H.D.M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.E.R.d.S.); (N.d.S.A.); (M.R.K.); (I.R.A.d.M.); (H.D.M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Roseli Barbosa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.E.R.d.S.); (N.d.S.A.); (M.R.K.); (I.R.A.d.M.); (H.D.M.C.); (R.B.)
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Muthusamy S, Vetukuri RR, Lundgren A, Ganji S, Zhu LH, Brodelius PE, Kanagarajan S. Transient expression and purification of β-caryophyllene synthase in Nicotiana benthamiana to produce β-caryophyllene in vitro. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8904. [PMID: 32377446 PMCID: PMC7194099 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene is an ubiquitous component in many plants that has commercially been used as an aroma in cosmetics and perfumes. Recent studies have shown its potential use as a therapeutic agent and biofuel. Currently, β-caryophyllene is isolated from large amounts of plant material. Molecular farming based on the Nicotiana benthamiana transient expression system may be used for a more sustainable production of β-caryophyllene. In this study, a full-length cDNA of a new duplicated β-caryophyllene synthase from Artemisia annua (AaCPS1) was isolated and functionally characterized. In order to produce β-caryophyllene in vitro, the AaCPS1 was cloned into a plant viral-based vector pEAQ-HT. Subsequently, the plasmid was transferred into the Agrobacterium and agroinfiltrated into N. benthamiana leaves. The AaCPS1 expression was analyzed by quantitative PCR at different time points after agroinfiltration. The highest level of transcripts was observed at 9 days post infiltration (dpi). The AaCPS1 protein was extracted from the leaves at 9 dpi and purified by cobalt–nitrilotriacetate (Co-NTA) affinity chromatography using histidine tag with a yield of 89 mg kg−1 fresh weight of leaves. The protein expression of AaCPS1 was also confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and western blot analyses. AaCPS1 protein uses farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) as a substrate to produce β-caryophyllene. Product identification and determination of the activity of purified AaCPS1 were done by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). GC–MS results revealed that the AaCPS1 produced maximum 26.5 ± 1 mg of β-caryophyllene per kilogram fresh weight of leaves after assaying with FPP for 6 h. Using AaCPS1 as a proof of concept, we demonstrate that N. benthamiana can be considered as an expression system for production of plant proteins that catalyze the formation of valuable chemicals for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraladevi Muthusamy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Ramesh R Vetukuri
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Anneli Lundgren
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Suresh Ganji
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Li-Hua Zhu
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Peter E Brodelius
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Selvaraju Kanagarajan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.,Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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Abstract
Fruits come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. This chapter will cover selected fruits that are known to be healthy and highly nutritious. These fruits were chosen due to their common usage and availability. Since it is not possible to cover all health benefits or essential nutrients and important phytochemicals of the fruit composition, this chapter will focus on the key valuable constituents and their potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan G Mohammed
- Qatar Research Leadership Program (QRLP), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - M Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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46
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Chen Q, Wang M, Shen C. Bauerane Induces S-Phase Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, and Inhibition of Proliferation of A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells Through the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)/AKT and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919558. [PMID: 32005795 PMCID: PMC7009776 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bauerane is a triterpenoid derived from the dandelion root (Taraxacum officinale). This study aimed to investigate the effects of bauerane on cell proliferation of A549 human lung cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms involved. MATERIAL AND METHODS A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells and normal MRC-5 lung fibroblasts were grown in culture and treated with increasing doses of bauerane at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 µM. The MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was assessed by 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. The cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry. Western blot measured the protein expression levels of cytochrome c, Bax, cyclin B1, Bcl-2, PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, and STAT3 proteins. RESULTS Bauerane inhibited the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC₅₀ of 10 µM, with no cytotoxicity for MRC-5 cells. Bauerane treatment induced apoptosis of A549 cells, which was associated with the upregulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2. Bauerane induced S-phase arrest of A549 cells, which was dose-dependent and associated with reduced expression of cyclin B1. The findings from Western blot showed that bauerane inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Bauerane inhibited the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells in vitro and induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Department of Respiration Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Chengji Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Ward, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Aluko EO, Adejumobi OA, Fasanmade AA. Peristrophe roxburghiana leaf extracts exhibited anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic properties in L-NAME hypertensive rats. Life Sci 2019; 234:116753. [PMID: 31419445 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hypertension is a global disease that has been combating the world health for ages. Peristrophe roxburghiana (PR) is used in traditional medicine to treat hypertension and other ailments. The present study examined phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activities and GC-MS analysis of extracts of PR leaf and also evaluated their anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic effects in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats. METHODS Wistar rats were grouped into two groups: control and hypertensive. Hypertension was induced in the hypertensive group by oral gavage of 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME for 3 weeks. After induction, the hypertensive group was randomly sub-grouped into hypertensive, hypertensive treated and hypertensive untreated groups. These were orally gavaged respectively with 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME, 60 mg/kg b.w/day of L-NAME +200 mg/kg b.w of different extracts of PR (aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts) and 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME +20 mg/kg b.w ramipril for 3 weeks. The blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method at the third and sixth weeks. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that the extracts of PR significantly decrease blood pressure, pro-atherogenic lipids and atherogenic ratios in L-NAME hypertensive rats. White blood cells count, neutrophil count and creatinine level were also effectively decreased by the extracts. Furthermore, the extracts increase serum nitric oxide (NO) level, anti-atherogenic lipid, glutathione level, lymphocyte and platelet count in the rats. SIGNIFICANCE Extracts of PR leaf decrease blood pressure and increase NO level in L-NAME hypertensive rats and also corrected the hyperlipidemia and inflammatory response arising from the reduction in NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Oluwasola Aluko
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria.
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48
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Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zhang M, Li Y, Liu W, Huang H, Xu Y. Association between dietary inflammatory index and bone density in lactating women at 6 months postpartum: a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1076. [PMID: 31399027 PMCID: PMC6688315 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation contributes to the risk of osteoporosis and fracture. Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a novel method appraising the inflammatory potential of diet, has been utilized to examine the association between diet and bone health among postmenopausal women or the elderly. However, its relationship with bone density (BD) in lactating women has not been studied. METHODS The prospective study was conducted to assess the possible association between DII and maternal BD during lactation. We enrolled 150 lactating women in the cohort. Participants were measured ultrasonic BD as baseline values at 1 month postpartum. After five-month follow up, the participants' BD were measured again. DII scores were calculated from semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and divided into tertiles. We compared the differences in the changes of BD at 6 months postpartum without or with adjustment for potential covariates across the tertiles. RESULTS The women in Q1 of DII scores had less bone mass loss than those in Q2 and Q3 without adjustment for any covariates (p < 0.01); after adjusting demographic characteristics such as BMI (kg/m2) at 6 months postpartum, educational level, metabolic equivalent (MET), daily energy intake (kcal/d), we found that participants in the highest tertile of DII scores had much more bone loss than those in the lowest tertile (p = 0.038). However, in the test for trend, no significant association between DII and the changes of maternal BD at 6 months postpartum was observed. CONCLUSIONS Chinese lactating women with higher DII scores have more bone mass loss; however significant differences and trends are attenuated and/or disappear depending on covariates and confounders that are taken into account in statistical analysis. The further study should be conducted in larger population to explore whether the significant association between DII and BD exists in Chinese lactating women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Beijing Northern Hospital, NO.10 Chedaogou Road, Beijing, China
| | - Minjia Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Hanming Huang
- Beijing Northern Hospital, NO.10 Chedaogou Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100083 China
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Zolezzi JM, Lindsay CB, Serrano FG, Ureta RC, Theoduloz C, Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Inestrosa NC. Neuroprotective Effects of Ferruginol, Jatrophone, and Junicedric Acid Against Amyloid-β Injury in Hippocampal Neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:705-723. [PMID: 29660932 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers have been recognized as early neurotoxic intermediates with a key role in the synaptic dysfunction observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ oligomers block hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and impair rodent spatial memory. Additionally, the presence of Aβ oligomers is associated with imbalanced intracellular calcium levels and apoptosis in neurons. In this context, we evaluated the effects of three diterpenes (ferruginol, jatrophone, and junicedric acid) that are found in medicinal plants and have several forms of biological activity. The intracellular calcium levels in hippocampal neurons increased in the presence of ferruginol, jatrophone, and junicedric acid, a result that was consistent with the observed increase in CA1 synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampal slices. Additionally, assays using Aβ peptide demonstrated that diterpenes, particularly ferruginol, restore LTP and reduce apoptosis. Recovery of the Aβ oligomer-induced loss of the synaptic proteins PSD-95, synapsin, VGlut, and NMDA receptor subunit 2A was observed in mouse hippocampal slices treated with junicedric acid. This cascade of events may be associated with the regulation of kinases, e.g., protein kinase C (PKC) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), in addition to the activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and could thus provide protection against Aβ oligomers, which trigger synaptic dysfunction. Our results suggest a potential neuroprotective role for diterpenes against the Aβ oligomers-induced neurodegenerative alterations, which make them interesting molecules to be further studied in the context of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Zolezzi
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Carolina B Lindsay
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe G Serrano
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roxana C Ureta
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center of Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
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50
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Shin JM, Lee KM, Lee HJ, Yun JH, Nho CW. Physalin A regulates the Nrf2 pathway through ERK and p38 for induction of detoxifying enzymes. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:101. [PMID: 31072358 PMCID: PMC6507134 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Physalin A isolated from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii has been known to have many pharmacological properties. However, its effect through the Nrf2 pathway has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we determined the effects of physalin A on cancer chemoprevention via the Nrf2 pathway. Methods Experiments were performed in Hepa-1c1c7 and HepG2 cells. The quinone reductase (QR) activity assay was used to assess the activity of physalin A and other compounds isolated from P. alkekengi. The antioxidant response element (ARE) reporter assay was used to determine physalin A induced transcription of Nrf2 target genes, whereas the oligonucleotide pull-down assay was used to investigate Nrf2 binding to the AREs post physalin A treatment. Real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to determine the expression of Nrf2 target genes. Immunocytochemistry was used to determine Nrf2 localization after treatment with physalin A. Kinase inhibitors were used to test the involvement of Nrf2-targeting kinases and the role of ERK and p38 phosphorylation was confirmed using western blotting. Results Physalin A significantly induced QR activity. As an upstream effector of QR, Nrf2 induced genes containing the ARE, which encode various antioxidants and detoxification enzymes. We observed that physalin A increased the expression of Nrf2 and its target genes in HepG2 cells. Moreover, we observed that physalin A-induced Nrf2 activation was regulated by ERK and p38 kinase in HepG2 cells. Conclusions Taken together, we showed that physalin A increased detoxifying enzyme expression via activation of Nrf2 and its target genes. These results imply that physalin A could be a potential chemopreventive agent for liver diseases, as well as cancer.
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