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You H, Geng S, Li S, Imani M, Brambilla D, Sun T, Jiang C. Recent advances in biomimetic strategies for the immunotherapy of glioblastoma. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122694. [PMID: 38959533 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is regarded as one of the most promising approaches for treating tumors, with a multitude of immunotherapeutic thoughts currently under consideration for the lethal glioblastoma (GBM). However, issues with immunotherapeutic agents, such as limited in vivo stability, poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, insufficient GBM targeting, and represented monotherapy, have hindered the success of immunotherapeutic interventions. Moreover, even with the aid of conventional drug delivery systems, outcomes remain suboptimal. Biomimetic strategies seek to overcome these formidable drug delivery challenges by emulating nature's intelligent structures and functions. Leveraging the variety of biological structures and functions, biomimetic drug delivery systems afford a versatile platform with enhanced biocompatibility for the co-delivery of diverse immunotherapeutic agents. Moreover, their inherent capacity to traverse the BBB and home in on GBM holds promise for augmenting the efficacy of GBM immunotherapy. Thus, this review begins by revisiting the various thoughts and agents on immunotherapy for GBM. Then, the barriers to successful GBM immunotherapy are analyzed, and the corresponding biomimetic strategies are explored from the perspective of function and structure. Finally, the clinical translation's current state and prospects of biomimetic strategy are addressed. This review aspires to provide fresh perspectives on the advancement of immunotherapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu You
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuo Geng
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shangkuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mohammad Imani
- Department of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14977-13115, Iran; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science & Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
| | - Davide Brambilla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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Yin Y, Tian N, Deng Z, Wang J, Kuang L, Tang Y, Zhu S, Dong Z, Wang Z, Wu X, Han M, Hu X, Deng Y, Yin T, Wang Y. Targeted Microglial Membrane-Coated MicroRNA Nanosponge Mediates Inhibition of Glioblastoma. ACS NANO 2024; 18:29089-29105. [PMID: 39393070 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c10509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent primary brain tumor. Recent research emphasizes the crucial role of microRNAs (miRs) in GBM pathogenesis, and targeting miRs offers an effective approach for precise GBM therapy. However, inhibiting a single miR may not be sufficient due to the compensatory mechanisms of GBM. Herein, we developed a miR-nanosponge capable of specifically capturing multiple miRs involved in tumor growth, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and the creation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment, thereby offering a comprehensive treatment for GBM. Coated with BV2 cell membrane (BM) for enhanced blood-brain barrier (BBB) crossing and GBM targeting, the BM@miR-nanosponge targets miR-9, miR-21, miR-215, and miR-221, significantly inhibiting GBM progression and modulating the immune system for a thorough GBM eradication. The BM@miR-nanosponge notably extended the median survival time of GBM-bearing mice and outperformed the standard treatment drug temozolomide (TMZ). This study introduces a comprehensive miR-based strategy for GBM treatment and highlights the importance of targeting multiple miRs associated with tumor survival for effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yin
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital & Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Nixin Tian
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Lei Kuang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuanyang Tang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Siqing Zhu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Zhufeng Dong
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xinxia Wu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Mengwei Han
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaoye Hu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yongbing Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital & Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Tieying Yin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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Kravitz MS, Kattouf N, Stewart IJ, Ginde AA, Schmidt EP, Shapiro NI. Plasma for prevention and treatment of glycocalyx degradation in trauma and sepsis. Crit Care 2024; 28:254. [PMID: 39033135 PMCID: PMC11265047 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-05026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The endothelial glycocalyx, a gel-like layer that lines the luminal surface of blood vessels, is composed of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans. The endothelial glycocalyx plays an essential role in vascular homeostasis, and its degradation in trauma and sepsis can lead to microvascular dysfunction and organ injury. While there are no proven therapies for preventing or treating endothelial glycocalyx degradation, some initial literature suggests that plasma may have a therapeutic role in trauma and sepsis patients. Overall, the literature suggesting the use of plasma as a therapy for endothelial glycocalyx degradation is non-clinical basic science or exploratory. Plasma is an established therapy in the resuscitation of patients with hemorrhage for restoration of coagulation factors. However, plasma also contains other bioactive components, including sphingosine-1 phosphate, antithrombin, and adiponectin, which may protect and restore the endothelial glycocalyx, thereby helping to maintain or restore vascular homeostasis. This narrative review begins by describing the endothelial glycocalyx in health and disease: we discuss the overlapping disease mechanisms in trauma and sepsis that lead to its damage and introduce plasma transfusion as a potential therapy for prevention and treatment of endothelial glycocalyx degradation. Second, we review the literature on plasma as an exploratory therapy for endothelial glycocalyx degradation in trauma and sepsis. Third, we discuss the safety of plasma transfusion by reviewing the adverse events associated with plasma and other blood product transfusions, and we examine modern transfusion precautions that have enhanced the safety of plasma transfusion. We conclude that the literature proposes that plasma may have the potential to prevent and treat endothelial glycocalyx degradation in trauma and sepsis, indicating the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Kravitz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - N Kattouf
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - I J Stewart
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A A Ginde
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicines, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - E P Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N I Shapiro
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang SS, Li RQ, Chen Z, Wang XY, Dumont AS, Fan X. Immune cells: potential carriers or agents for drug delivery to the central nervous system. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:19. [PMID: 38549161 PMCID: PMC10979586 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDS) have recently emerged as a promising approach for the unique advantages of drug protection and targeted delivery. However, the access of nanoparticles/drugs to the central nervous system (CNS) remains a challenge mainly due to the obstruction from brain barriers. Immune cells infiltrating the CNS in the pathological state have inspired the development of strategies for CNS foundation drug delivery. Herein, we outline the three major brain barriers in the CNS and the mechanisms by which immune cells migrate across the blood-brain barrier. We subsequently review biomimetic strategies utilizing immune cell-based nanoparticles for the delivery of nanoparticles/drugs to the CNS, as well as recent progress in rationally engineering immune cell-based DDS for CNS diseases. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of immune cell-based DDS in CNS diseases to promote their clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ruo-Qi Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA
| | - Aaron S Dumont
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70122, USA.
| | - Xiang Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhou Y, Qi J, Gu L, Zhao Q, Yu R, Zhou X. A Trojan-Horse-Like Biomimetic Nano-NK to Elicit an Immunostimulatory Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced GBM Chemo-Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301439. [PMID: 37420326 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Although the chemo- and immuno-therapies have obtained good responses for several solid tumors, including those with brain metastasis, their clinical efficacy in glioblastoma (GBM) is disappointing. The lack of safe and effective delivery systems across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) are two main hurdles for GBM therapy. Herein, a Trojan-horse-like nanoparticle system is designed, which encapsulates biocompatible PLGA-coated temozolomide (TMZ) and IL-15 nanoparticles (NPs) with cRGD-decorated NK cell membrane (R-NKm@NP), to elicit the immunostimulatory TME for GBM chemo-immunotherapy. Taking advantage of the outer NK cell membrane cooperating with cRGD, the R-NKm@NPs effectively traversed across the BBB and targeted GBM. In addition, the R-NKm@NPs exhibited good antitumor ability and prolonged the median survival of GBM-bearing mice. Notably, after R-NKm@NPs treatment, the locally released TMZ and IL-15 synergistically stimulated the proliferation and activation of NK cells, leading to the maturation of dendritic cells and infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, eliciting an immunostimulatory TME. Lastly, the R-NKm@NPs not only effectively prolonged the metabolic cycling time of the drugs in vivo, but also has no noticeable side effects. This study may offer valuable insights for developing biomimetic nanoparticles to potentiate GBM chemo- and immuno-therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Ji Qi
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Linbo Gu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 2210002, China
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Zhou C, Li J, Guo C, Zhou Z, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Jiang J, Cai Y, Zhou J, Xia M, Ming Y. Alterations in gut microbiome and metabolite profile of patients with Schistosoma japonicum infection. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:346. [PMID: 37798771 PMCID: PMC10552355 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosoma infection is a significant public health issue, affecting over 200 million individuals and threatening 700 million people worldwide. The species prevalent in China is Schistosoma japonicum. Recent studies showed that both gut microbiota and metabolome are closely related to schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum, but clinical study is limited and the underlying mechanism is largely unclear. This study aimed to explore alterations as well as function of gut microbiota and metabolite profile in the patients with S. japonicum infection. METHODS This study included 20 patients diagnosed with chronic schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum, eight patients with advanced schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum and 13 healthy volunteers. The fresh feces of these participators, clinical examination results and basic information were collected. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to investigate gut microbiota, while ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was applied to explore the metabolome of patients in different stages of schistosomiasis. RESULTS The study found that gut microbiota and metabolites were altered in patients with different stages of S. japonicum infection. Compared with healthy control group, the gut microbial diversity in patients with chronic S. japonicum infection was decreased significantly. However, the diversity of gut microbiota in patients with chronic schistosomiasis was similar to that in patients with advanced schistosomiasis. Compared with uninfected people, patients with schistosomiasis showed decreased Firmicutes and increased Proteobacteria. As disease progressed, Firmicutes was further reduced in patients with advanced S. japonicum infection, while Proteobacteria was further increased. In addition, the most altered metabolites in patients with S. japonicum infection were lipids and lipid-like molecules as well as organo-heterocyclic compounds, correlated with the clinical manifestations and disease progress of schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that the gut microbiota and metabolome altered in patients in different stages of schistosomiasis, which was correlated with progression of schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum. This inter-omics analysis may shed light on a better understanding of the mechanisms of the progression of S. japonicum infection and contribute to identifying new potential targets for the diagnosis and prognosis of S. japonicum infection. However, a large sample size of validation in clinic is needed, and further study is required to investigate the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhou
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junhui Li
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoqin Zhou
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Schistosomiasis Control Institute of Hunan Province, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Schistosomiasis Control Institute of Hunan Province, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Schistosomiasis Control Institute of Hunan Province, Yueyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yingzi Ming
- Transplantation Center, Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Ng CYJ, Bun HH, Zhao Y, Zhong LLD. TCM "medicine and food homology" in the management of post-COVID disorders. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1234307. [PMID: 37720220 PMCID: PMC10500073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1234307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of global concern on May 5, 2023. Post-COVID disorders are, however, becoming more common. Hence, there lies a growing need to develop safe and effective treatment measures to manage post-COVID disorders. Investigating the use of TCM medicinal foods in the long-term therapy of post-COVID illnesses may be beneficial given contemporary research's emphasis on the development of medicinal foods. Scope and approach The use of medicinal foods for the long-term treatment of post-COVID disorders is highlighted in this review. Following a discussion of the history of the TCM "Medicine and Food Homology" theory, the pathophysiological effects of post-COVID disorders will be briefly reviewed. An analysis of TCM medicinal foods and their functions in treating post-COVID disorders will then be provided before offering some insight into potential directions for future research and application. Key findings and discussion TCM medicinal foods can manage different aspects of post-COVID disorders. The use of medicinal foods in the long-term management of post-COVID illnesses may be a safe and efficient therapy choice because they are typically milder in nature than chronic drug use. These findings may also be applied in the long-term post-disease treatment of similar respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chester Yan Jie Ng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hung Hung Bun
- The University of Hong Kong (HKU) School of Professional and Continuing Education, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Linda L. D. Zhong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Jayawardena DP, Masciantonio MG, Wang L, Mehta S, DeGurse N, Pape C, Gill SE. Imbalance of Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cell-Expression of Metalloproteinases and Their Endogenous Inhibitors Promotes Septic Barrier Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097875. [PMID: 37175585 PMCID: PMC10178398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease characterized by excessive inflammation leading to organ dysfunction. During sepsis, pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) lose barrier function associated with inter-PMVEC junction disruption. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAM), which are regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), can cleave cell-cell junctional proteins, suggesting a role in PMVEC barrier dysfunction. We hypothesize that septic PMVEC barrier dysfunction is due to a disruption in the balance between PMVEC-specific metalloproteinases and TIMPs leading to increased metalloproteinase activity. The effects of sepsis on TIMPs and metalloproteinases were assessed ex vivo in PMVEC from healthy (sham) and septic (cecal ligation and perforation) mice, as well as in vitro in isolated PMVEC stimulated with cytomix, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and cytomix + LPS vs. PBS. PMVEC had high basal Timp expression and lower metalloproteinase expression, and septic stimulation shifted expression in favour of metalloproteinases. Septic stimulation increased MMP13 and ADAM17 activity associated with a loss of inter-PMVEC junctional proteins and barrier dysfunction, which was rescued by treatment with metalloproteinase inhibitors. Collectively, our studies support a role for metalloproteinase-TIMP imbalance in septic PMVEC barrier dysfunction, and suggest that inhibition of specific metalloproteinases may be a therapeutic avenue for septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika P Jayawardena
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Marcello G Masciantonio
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Sanjay Mehta
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Natalie DeGurse
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Cynthia Pape
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Sean E Gill
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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Raghavan S, Brishti MA, Collier DM, Leo MD. Hypoxia induces purinergic receptor signaling to disrupt endothelial barrier function. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1049698. [PMID: 36479340 PMCID: PMC9720161 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1049698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain-barrier permeability is regulated by endothelial junctional proteins and is vital in limiting access to and from the blood to the CNS. When stressed, several cells, including endothelial cells, can release nucleotides like ATP and ADP that signal through purinergic receptors on these cells to disrupt BBB permeability. While this process is primarily protective, unrestricted, uncontrolled barrier disruption during injury or inflammation can lead to serious neurological consequences. Purinergic receptors are broadly classified into two families: the P1 adenosine and P2 nucleotide receptors. The P2 receptors are further sub-classified into the P2XR ion channels and the P2YR GPCRs. While ATP mainly activates P2XRs, P2YRs have a broader range of ligand selectivity. The P2Y1R, essential for platelet function, is reportedly ubiquitous in its expression. Prior studies using gene knockout and specific antagonists have shown that these approaches have neuroprotective effects following occlusive stroke. Here we investigated the expression of P2Y1R in primary cultured brain endothelial cells and its relation to the maintenance of BBB function. Results show that following in vitro hypoxia and reoxygenation, P2Y1R expression is upregulated in both control and diabetic cells. At the same time, endothelial junctional markers, ZO-1 and VE-cadherin, were downregulated, and endothelial permeability increased. siRNA knockdown of P2Y1R and MRS 2500 effectively blocked this response. Thus, we show that P2Y1R signaling in endothelial cells leads to the downregulation of endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - M. Dennis Leo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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10
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Wang Z, Zhang M, Chi S, Zhu M, Wang C, Liu Z. Brain Tumor Cell Membrane-Coated Lanthanide-Doped Nanoparticles for NIR-IIb Luminescence Imaging and Surgical Navigation of Glioma. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200521. [PMID: 35686736 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Intraoperative visualization of the full extent of brain tumor by luminescence imaging helps to improve the degree and accuracy of brain tumor resection, thereby prolonging the survival of patients. However, the limited imaging depth and spatial resolution and the poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of most currently available luminescent probes restrict the imaging performance and surgical resection efficiency of brain tumor. Here, a brain tumor cell membrane-coated lanthanide-doped nanoparticles (CC-LnNPs) in the near-infrared-IIb window (NIR-IIb, 1500-1700 nm) is designed for brain tumor imaging and surgical navigation. The coating of brain tumor cell membrane endows CC-LnNPs with immune escape, BBB crossing, and homotypic targeting abilities, which are inherited from the source brain tumor cells. In addition, compared with clinically approved imaging agent indocyanine green, CC-LnNPs present higher temporal and spatial resolution, higher stability, and lower background signals, enabling clear visualization of the brain tumor boundary. With the guidance of NIR-IIb fluorescence, the glioma tissue (size < 3 mm, depth > 3 mm) could be clearly visualized and completely removed as a proof of concept. This study offers new insight for the future design of nanoprobe to image brain tumor and to achieve precise diagnosis and surgical navigation of brain tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Chi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Zhu
- Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
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11
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Prigent K, Vigne J. Advances in Radiopharmaceutical Sciences for Vascular Inflammation Imaging: Focus on Clinical Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237111. [PMID: 34885690 PMCID: PMC8659223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomedical imaging technologies offer identification of several anatomic and molecular features of disease pathogenesis. Molecular imaging techniques to assess cellular processes in vivo have been useful in advancing our understanding of several vascular inflammatory diseases. For the non-invasive molecular imaging of vascular inflammation, nuclear medicine constitutes one of the best imaging modalities, thanks to its high sensitivity for the detection of probes in tissues. 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) is currently the most widely used radiopharmaceutical for molecular imaging of vascular inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis and large-vessel vasculitis. The combination of [18F]FDG and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has become a powerful tool to identify and monitor non-invasively inflammatory activities over time but suffers from several limitations including a lack of specificity and avid background in different localizations. The use of novel radiotracers may help to better understand the underlying pathophysiological processes and overcome some limitations of [18F]FDG PET for the imaging of vascular inflammation. This review examines how [18F]FDG PET has given us deeper insight into the role of inflammation in different vascular pathologies progression and discusses perspectives for alternative radiopharmaceuticals that could provide a more specific and simple identification of pathologies where vascular inflammation is implicated. Use of these novel PET tracers could lead to a better understanding of underlying disease mechanisms and help inform the identification and stratification of patients for newly emerging immune-modulatory therapies. Future research is needed to realize the true clinical translational value of PET imaging in vascular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Prigent
- CHU de Caen Normandie, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France;
| | - Jonathan Vigne
- CHU de Caen Normandie, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France;
- CHU de Caen Normandie, Department of Pharmacy, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France
- UNICAEN, INSERM U1237, Etablissement Français du Sang, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Normandie University, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence:
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12
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Pons S, Arrii E, Arnaud M, Loiselle M, Ferry J, Nouacer M, Lion J, Cohen S, Mooney N, Zafrani L. Immunomodulation of endothelial cells induced by macrolide therapy in a model of septic stimulation. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:1656-1669. [PMID: 34636179 PMCID: PMC8589380 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Sepsis is defined as the host's inflammatory response to a life‐threatening infection. The endothelium is implicated in immunoregulation during sepsis. Macrolides have been proposed to display immunomodulatory properties. The goal of this study was to analyze whether macrolides can exert immunomodulation of endothelial cells (ECs) in an experimental model of sepsis. Methods Human ECs were stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide before exposure to macrolides. ECs phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cocultures of ECs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were performed to study the ECs ability to alter T‐cell viability and differentiation in the presence of macrolides. Soluble factor production was assessed. Results ECs act as non‐professional antigen presenting cells and expressed human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antigens, the adhesion molecules CD54, CD106, and the coinhibitory molecule CD274 after septic stimulation. Incubation with macrolides induced a significant decrease of HLA class I and HLA class II HLA‐DR on septic‐stimulated ECs, but did not alter either CD54, CD106, nor CD274 expression. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and IL‐8 production by stimulated ECs were unaltered by incubation with macrolides, whereas Clarithromycin exposure significantly decreased IL‐6 gene expression. In cocultures of septic ECs with PBMCs, neither the proportion of CD4 + , CD8 + T nor their viability was altered by macrolides. T‐helper lymphocyte subsets Th1, Th17, and Treg polarization by stimulated ECs were unaltered by macrolides. Conclusion This study reports phenotypic and gene expression changes in septic‐stimulated ECs exposed to macrolides, without resulting in altered immunogenicity of ECs in co‐cultures with PBMCs. In vivo studies may help to further understand the impact of macrolide therapy on ECs immune homeostasis during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Pons
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, GRC 29, AP-HP, DMU DREAM, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Eden Arrii
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marine Arnaud
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maud Loiselle
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Ferry
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Manel Nouacer
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julien Lion
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Shannon Cohen
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nuala Mooney
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lara Zafrani
- Human Immunology, Pathophysiology, Immunotherapy (HIPI), INSERM U976, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Medical Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP, Saint-Louis Teaching Hospital, Paris, France
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Raineri EJM, Yedavally H, Salvati A, van Dijl JM. Time-resolved analysis of Staphylococcus aureus invading the endothelial barrier. Virulence 2021; 11:1623-1639. [PMID: 33222653 PMCID: PMC7714425 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1844418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of infections world-wide. Once this pathogen has reached the bloodstream, it can invade different parts of the human body by crossing the endothelial barrier. Infected endothelial cells may be lysed by bacterial products, but the bacteria may also persist intracellularly, where they are difficult to eradicate with antibiotics and cause relapses of infection. Our present study was aimed at investigating the fate of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates of the USA300 lineage with different epidemiological origin inside endothelial cells. To this end, we established two in vitro infection models based on primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), which mimic conditions of the endothelium when infection occurs. For comparison, the laboratory strain S. aureus HG001 was used. As shown by flow cytometry and fluorescence- or electron microscopy, differentiation of HUVEC into a cell barrier with cell-cell junctions sets limits to the rates of bacterial internalization, the numbers of internalized bacteria, the percentage of infected cells, and long-term intracellular bacterial survival. Clear strain-specific differences were observed with the HG001 strain infecting the highest numbers of HUVEC and displaying the longest intracellular persistence, whereas the MRSA strains reproduced faster intracellularly. Nonetheless, all internalized bacteria remained confined in membrane-enclosed LAMP-1-positive lysosomal or vacuolar compartments. Once internalized, the bacteria had a higher propensity to persist within the differentiated endothelial cell barrier, probably because internalization of lower numbers of bacteria was less toxic. Altogether, our findings imply that intact endothelial barriers are more likely to sustain persistent intracellular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa J M Raineri
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harita Yedavally
- Department of Nanomedicine and Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Salvati
- Department of Nanomedicine and Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Wang M, Qu Y, Hu D, Niu T, Qian Z. Nanomedicine Applications in Treatment of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Current State of the Art. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1459-1485. [PMID: 34544527 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare but highly aggressive subtype of extra nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which is confined in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite recent advancements in treatment options, the overall prognosis of PCNSL remains poor. Among many unfavorable factors affecting efficacy, inadequate drug delivery into the CNS is still the thorniest challenge. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) constitutes a significant impediment, restricting entry of most therapeutics to the brain. Nanotechnology has offered great promise for brain diseases, as various nano-based drug delivery systems (NDDSs) have been developed for delivery of theranostic agents in to the CNS. These drug delivery systems possess significant advantages, including good feasibility, reliable safety profile, excellent BBB penetration and potent antitumor effects. As for treatment of PCNSL, numerous well-developed BBB-crossing nano-based strategies can be applied with proper modifications and improvements. Some exquisitely designed NDDSs specific for PCNSL have shown great potential. In this review, we provide a summary on current status of diagnosis and treatment of PCNSL, followed by an overview of BBB-crossing strategies applied in management of PCNSL, both novel and wellestablished. Finally, challenges and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wang
- Department of Hematology and Research Laboratory of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Hematology and Research Laboratory of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Danrong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ting Niu
- Department of Hematology and Research Laboratory of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
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15
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Guidoni PB, Pasternak JA, Hamonic G, MacPhee DJ, Harding JCS. Decreased tight junction protein intensity in the placenta of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 infected fetuses. Placenta 2021; 112:153-161. [PMID: 34352491 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.07.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Existing strategies to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are not completely effective and require alternative approaches. Although intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) fetuses are more resilient to transplacental PRRS virus-2 (PRRSV2) infection compared to normal fetuses, the exact mechanisms are unknown. The objective of this research was to assess abundance and localization of a subset of tight junction (TJ) proteins in the maternal-fetal interface and any alterations that may affect the movement of nutrients or PRRSV2 across the epitheliochorial placenta. METHODS Paraffin-embedded samples of placenta from non-infected control (CTRL) and PRRSV2 infected fetuses (IUGR, non(N)-IUGR, meconium-stained (MEC) (n = 6 per group) were randomly selected from a large challenge trial and immunostained for claudins (CLDN) 1, 3, 4, 7 and tight junction protein 1 (TJP1). Immunostaining intensity was semi-subjectively scored by region. RESULTS Intensity of CLDN1 was lower in placenta of IUGR, MEC, and N-IUGR fetuses compared to CTRL, mainly in fetal epithelium and maternal endothelial cells (MECL). CLDN4 intensity was lower in MECL of IUGR compared to CTRL and MEC fetuses. TJP1 intensity was lower in maternal and fetal epithelia of placenta within IUGR, MEC, and N-IUGR fetuses versus CTRL. DISCUSSION Differences were mainly observed between PRRSV2 infected and non-infected groups indicating TJ integrity was affected by PRRSV2 infection. These results provide insights into the potential mechanisms of transplacental transmission of PRRSV2; however, since only CLDN4 differed amongst the infected groups, PRRSV2 induced changes in TJ integrity do not appear to explain variation in fetal outcomes after infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline B Guidoni
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | | | - Glenn Hamonic
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - Daniel J MacPhee
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - John C S Harding
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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MAGI1, a Scaffold Protein with Tumor Suppressive and Vascular Functions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061494. [PMID: 34198584 PMCID: PMC8231924 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MAGI1 is a cytoplasmic scaffolding protein initially identified as a component of cell-to-cell contacts stabilizing cadherin-mediated cell–cell adhesion in epithelial and endothelial cells. Clinical-pathological and experimental evidence indicates that MAGI1 expression is decreased in some inflammatory diseases, and also in several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal, cervical, breast, brain, and gastric cancers and appears to act as a tumor suppressor, modulating the activity of oncogenic pathways such as the PI3K/AKT and the Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Genomic mutations and other mechanisms such as mechanical stress or inflammation have been described to regulate MAGI1 expression. Intriguingly, in breast and colorectal cancers, MAGI1 expression is induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), suggesting a role in mediating the tumor suppressive activity of NSAIDs. More recently, MAGI1 was found to localize at mature focal adhesion and to regulate integrin-mediated adhesion and signaling in endothelial cells. Here, we review MAGI1′s role as scaffolding protein, recent developments in the understanding of MAGI1 function as tumor suppressor gene, its role in endothelial cells and its implication in cancer and vascular biology. We also discuss outstanding questions about its regulation and potential translational implications in oncology.
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17
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Purinergic Regulation of Endothelial Barrier Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031207. [PMID: 33530557 PMCID: PMC7865261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased vascular permeability is a hallmark of several cardiovascular anomalies, including ischaemia/reperfusion injury and inflammation. During both ischaemia/reperfusion and inflammation, massive amounts of various nucleotides, particularly adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine, are released that can induce a plethora of signalling pathways via activation of several purinergic receptors and may affect endothelial barrier properties. The nature of the effects on endothelial barrier function may depend on the prevalence and type of purinergic receptors activated in a particular tissue. In this review, we discuss the influence of the activation of various purinergic receptors and downstream signalling pathways on vascular permeability during pathological conditions.
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18
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Morsing SKH, Rademakers T, Brouns SLN, van Stalborch AMD, Donners MMPC, van Buul JD. ADAM10-Mediated Cleavage of ICAM-1 Is Involved in Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020232. [PMID: 33504031 PMCID: PMC7911467 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To efficiently cross the endothelial barrier during inflammation, neutrophils first firmly adhere to the endothelial surface using the endothelial adhesion molecule ICAM-1. Upon actual transmigration, the release from ICAM-1 is required. While Integrin LFA1/Mac1 de-activation is one described mechanism that leads to this, direct cleavage of ICAM-1 from the endothelium represents a second option. We found that a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) cleaves the extracellular domain of ICAM-1 from the endothelial surface. Silencing or inhibiting endothelial ADAM10 impaired the efficiency of neutrophils to cross the endothelium, suggesting that neutrophils use endothelial ADAM10 to dissociate from ICAM-1. Indeed, when measuring transmigration kinetics, neutrophils took almost twice as much time to finish the diapedesis step when ADAM10 was silenced. Importantly, we found increased levels of ICAM-1 on the transmigrating neutrophils when crossing an endothelial monolayer where such increased levels were not detected when neutrophils crossed bare filters. Using ICAM-1-GFP-expressing endothelial cells, we show that ICAM-1 presence on the neutrophils can also occur by membrane transfer from the endothelium to the neutrophil. Based on these findings, we conclude that endothelial ADAM10 contributes in part to neutrophil transendothelial migration by cleaving ICAM-1, thereby supporting the release of neutrophils from the endothelium during the final diapedesis step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia K. H. Morsing
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.K.H.M.); (T.R.); (S.L.N.B.); (A.-M.D.v.S.)
| | - Timo Rademakers
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.K.H.M.); (T.R.); (S.L.N.B.); (A.-M.D.v.S.)
| | - Sanne L. N. Brouns
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.K.H.M.); (T.R.); (S.L.N.B.); (A.-M.D.v.S.)
| | - Anne-Marieke D. van Stalborch
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.K.H.M.); (T.R.); (S.L.N.B.); (A.-M.D.v.S.)
| | - Marjo M. P. C. Donners
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.M.P.C.D.); (J.D.v.B.); Tel.: +31-43-3877167 (M.M.P.C.D.); +31-20-5121219 (J.D.v.B.); Fax: +31-20-5123310 (J.D.v.B.)
| | - Jaap D. van Buul
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (S.K.H.M.); (T.R.); (S.L.N.B.); (A.-M.D.v.S.)
- Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy (LCAM), Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS), University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.M.P.C.D.); (J.D.v.B.); Tel.: +31-43-3877167 (M.M.P.C.D.); +31-20-5121219 (J.D.v.B.); Fax: +31-20-5123310 (J.D.v.B.)
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19
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Andueza A, Kumar S, Kim J, Kang DW, Mumme HL, Perez JI, Villa-Roel N, Jo H. Endothelial Reprogramming by Disturbed Flow Revealed by Single-Cell RNA and Chromatin Accessibility Study. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108491. [PMID: 33326796 PMCID: PMC7801938 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbed flow (d-flow) induces atherosclerosis by regulating gene expression in endothelial cells (ECs). For further mechanistic understanding, we carried out a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and scATAC-seq study using endothelial-enriched single cells from the left- and right carotid artery exposed to d-flow (LCA) and stable-flow (s-flow in RCA) using the mouse partial carotid ligation (PCL) model. We find eight EC clusters along with immune cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. Analyses of marker genes, pathways, and pseudotime reveal that ECs are highly heterogeneous and plastic. D-flow induces a dramatic transition of ECs from atheroprotective phenotypes to pro-inflammatory cells, mesenchymal (EndMT) cells, hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial stem/progenitor cells, and an unexpected immune cell-like (EndICLT) phenotypes. While confirming KLF4/KLF2 as an s-flow-sensitive transcription factor binding site, we also find those sensitive to d-flow (RELA, AP1, STAT1, and TEAD1). D-flow reprograms ECs from atheroprotective to proatherogenic phenotypes, including EndMT and potentially EndICLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Andueza
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Juyoung Kim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dong-Won Kang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hope L Mumme
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julian I Perez
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicolas Villa-Roel
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Li G, Wang J, He X, Zhang L, Ran Q, Xiong A, Wu D, Hu L, Song Q, Zhu D. An integrative analysis identifying transcriptional features and key genes involved in COVID-19. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1969-1981. [PMID: 33242255 PMCID: PMC7714049 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To elucidate the transcriptional characteristics of COVID-19. Materials & methods: We utilized an integrative approach to comprehensively analyze the transcriptional features of both COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Results: Widespread infiltration of immune cells was observed. We identified 233 genes that were codifferentially expressed in both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung samples of COVID-19 patients. Functional analysis suggested upregulated genes were related to immune response such as neutrophil activation and antivirus response, while downregulated genes were associated with cell adhesion. Finally, we identified LCN2, STAT1 and UBE2L6 as core genes during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion: The identification of core genes involved in COVID-19 can provide us with more insights into the molecular features of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Li
- Laboratory of Allergy & Inflammation, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research inChinese Medicine, Macau University of Science & Technology, Taipa, Macau(SAR), China
| | - Xiang He
- Laboratory of Allergy & Inflammation, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Sichuan Friendship Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Laboratory of Allergy & Inflammation, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Qin Ran
- Laboratory of Allergy & Inflammation, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Anying Xiong
- Laboratory of Allergy & Inflammation, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Dehong Wu
- Laboratory of Allergy & Inflammation, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lingjuan Hu
- Department of RespiratoryDisease, Renshou county people's hospital, Chengdu 620550, China
| | - Qi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research inChinese Medicine, Macau University of Science & Technology, Taipa, Macau(SAR), China
| | - Dong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research inChinese Medicine, Macau University of Science & Technology, Taipa, Macau(SAR), China
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21
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Deng G, Peng X, Sun Z, Zheng W, Yu J, Du L, Chen H, Gong P, Zhang P, Cai L, Tang BZ. Natural-Killer-Cell-Inspired Nanorobots with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics for Near-Infrared-II Fluorescence-Guided Glioma Theranostics. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11452-11462. [PMID: 32820907 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nature has always inspired robotic designs and concepts. It is conceivable that biomimic nanorobots will soon play a prominent role in medicine. The "Terminator" in the science fiction film is a cybernetic organism with living tissue over a metal endoskeleton, which inspired us to develop natural-killer-cell-mimic nanorobots with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics (NK@AIEdots) by coating a natural kill cell membrane on an AIE-active polymeric endoskeleton, PBPTV, a highly bright NIR-II AIE-active conjugated polymer. Owing to the AIE and soft-matter characteristics of PBPTV, as-prepared NK@AIEdots maintained a superior NIR-II brightness (quantum yield ∼7.9% in water) and good biocompatibility. Besides, they can serve as a tight junction (TJ) modulator to trigger an intracellular signaling cascade, causing TJ disruption and actin cytoskeleton reorganization to form an intercellular "green channel" to help them to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) silently. Furthermore, they can initiatively accumulate in glioblastoma cells in the complex brain matrix for high-contrast and through-skull tumor imaging. The tumor growth was also greatly inhibited by these NK@AIEdots under the NIR light illumination. As far as we know, the quantum yield of PBPTV is the highest among the existing NIR-II luminescent conjugated polymers. Besides, the NK-cell biomimetic nanorobots showed great potential for BBB-crossing active delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjun Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinghua Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Lab for Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lulu Du
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Huajie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Key Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing First Road, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Nanoformulations, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing First Road, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
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22
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Pons S, Fodil S, Azoulay E, Zafrani L. The vascular endothelium: the cornerstone of organ dysfunction in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Crit Care 2020; 24:353. [PMID: 32546188 PMCID: PMC7296907 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In severe SARS-CoV-2 infections, emerging data including recent histopathological studies have emphasized the crucial role of endothelial cells (ECs) in vascular dysfunction, immunothrombosis, and inflammation.Histopathological studies have evidenced direct viral infection of ECs, endotheliitis with diffuse endothelial inflammation, and micro- and macrovascular thrombosis both in the venous and arterial circulations. Venous thrombotic events, particularly pulmonary embolism, with elevated D-dimer and coagulation activation are highly prevalent in COVID-19 patients. The pro-inflammatory cytokine storm, with elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-2 receptor, and tumor necrosis factor-α, could also participate in endothelial dysfunction and leukocyte recruitment in the microvasculature. COVID-19-induced endotheliitis may explain the systemic impaired microcirculatory function in different organs in COVID-19 patients. Ongoing trials directly and indirectly target COVID-19-related endothelial dysfunctions: i.e., a virus-cell entry using recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS-2) blockade, coagulation activation, and immunomodulatory therapies, such as anti-IL-6 strategies. Studies focusing on endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 patients are warranted as to decipher their precise role in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and organ dysfunction and to identify targets for further interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Pons
- INSERM U976, Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Saint-Louis Teaching Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Avicenne Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Sofiane Fodil
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Louis Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Elie Azoulay
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Louis Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Lara Zafrani
- INSERM U976, Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immunotherapy, Saint-Louis Teaching Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France.
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Louis Teaching Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, 1, Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France.
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23
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Cleaved CD31 as a target for in vivo molecular imaging of inflammation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19560. [PMID: 31863037 PMCID: PMC6925130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a need for new targets to specifically localize inflammatory foci, usable in a wide range of organs. Here, we hypothesized that the cleaved molecular form of CD31 is a suitable target for molecular imaging of inflammation. We evaluated a bioconjugate of D-P8RI, a synthetic peptide that binds all cells with cleaved CD31, in an experimental rat model of sterile acute inflammation. Male Wistar rats were injected with turpentine oil into the gastrocnemius muscle two days before 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI (or its analogue with L-Proline) SPECT/CT or [18F]FDG PET/MRI. Biodistribution, stability study, histology, imaging and autoradiography of 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI were further performed. Biodistribution studies revealed rapid elimination of 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI through renal excretion with almost no uptake from most organs and excellent in vitro and in vivo stability were observed. SPECT/CT imaging showed a significant higher 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake compared with its analogue with L-Proline (negative control) and no significant difference compared with [18F]FDG (positive control). Moreover, autoradiography and histology revealed a co-localization between 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake and inflammatory cell infiltration. 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI constitutes a new tool for the detection and localization of inflammatory sites. Our work suggests that targeting cleaved CD31 is an attractive strategy for the specific in vivo imaging of inflammatory processes.
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24
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Chatterjee S. Endothelial Mechanotransduction, Redox Signaling and the Regulation of Vascular Inflammatory Pathways. Front Physiol 2018; 9:524. [PMID: 29930512 PMCID: PMC5999754 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium that lines the interior of blood vessels is directly exposed to blood flow. The shear stress arising from blood flow is “sensed” by the endothelium and is “transduced” into biochemical signals that eventually control vascular tone and homeostasis. Sensing and transduction of physical forces occur via signaling processes whereby the forces associated with blood flow are “sensed” by a mechanotransduction machinery comprising of several endothelial cell elements. Endothelial “sensing” involves converting the physical cues into cellular signaling events such as altered membrane potential and activation of kinases, which are “transmission” signals that cause oxidant production. Oxidants produced are the “transducers” of the mechanical signals? What is the function of these oxidants/redox signals? Extensive data from various studies indicate that redox signals initiate inflammation signaling pathways which in turn can compromise vascular health. Thus, inflammation, a major response to infection or endotoxins, can also be initiated by the endothelium in response to various flow patterns ranging from aberrant flow to alteration of flow such as cessation or sudden increase in blood flow. Indeed, our work has shown that endothelial mechanotransduction signaling pathways participate in generation of redox signals that affect the oxidant and inflammation status of cells. Our goal in this review article is to summarize the endothelial mechanotransduction pathways that are activated with stop of blood flow and with aberrant flow patterns; in doing so we focus on the complex link between mechanical forces and inflammation on the endothelium. Since this “inflammation susceptible” phenotype is emerging as a trigger for pathologies ranging from atherosclerosis to rejection post-organ transplant, an understanding of the endothelial machinery that triggers these processes is very crucial and timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shampa Chatterjee
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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25
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Monfoulet LE, Mercier S, Bayle D, Tamaian R, Barber-Chamoux N, Morand C, Milenkovic D. Curcumin modulates endothelial permeability and monocyte transendothelial migration by affecting endothelial cell dynamics. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:109-120. [PMID: 28739530 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a phenolic compound that exhibits beneficial properties for cardiometabolic health. We previously showed that curcumin reduced the infiltration of immune cells into the vascular wall and prevented atherosclerosis development in mice. This study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin on monocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration (TEM) and to decipher the underlying mechanisms of these actions. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to curcumin (0.5-1μM) for 3h prior to their activation by Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). Endothelial permeability, monocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration assays were conducted under static condition and shear stress that mimics blood flow. We further investigated the impact of curcumin on signaling pathways and on the expression of genes using macroarrays. Pre-exposure of endothelial cells to curcumin reduced monocyte adhesion and their transendothelial migration in both static and shear stress conditions. Curcumin also prevented changes in both endothelial permeability and the area of HUVECs when induced by TNF-α. We showed that curcumin modulated the expression of 15 genes involved in the control of cytoskeleton and endothelial junction dynamic. Finally, we showed that curcumin inhibited NF-κB signaling likely through an antagonist interplay with several kinases as suggested by molecular docking analysis. Our findings demonstrate the ability of curcumin to reduce monocyte TEM through a multimodal regulation of the endothelial cell dynamics with a potential benefit on the vascular endothelial function barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvie Mercier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dominique Bayle
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Radu Tamaian
- Research and Development Department, National Institute for Research and Development for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, RO-240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania; SC Biotech Corp SRL, RO-240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
| | - Nicolas Barber-Chamoux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Cardiologie, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Morand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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26
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Schnoor M, García Ponce A, Vadillo E, Pelayo R, Rossaint J, Zarbock A. Actin dynamics in the regulation of endothelial barrier functions and neutrophil recruitment during endotoxemia and sepsis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1985-1997. [PMID: 28154894 PMCID: PMC11107778 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of death worldwide. Increased vascular permeability is a major hallmark of sepsis. Dynamic alterations in actin fiber formation play an important role in the regulation of endothelial barrier functions and thus vascular permeability. Endothelial integrity requires a delicate balance between the formation of cortical actin filaments that maintain endothelial cell contact stability and the formation of actin stress fibers that generate pulling forces, and thus compromise endothelial cell contact stability. Current research has revealed multiple molecular pathways that regulate actin dynamics and endothelial barrier dysfunction during sepsis. These include intracellular signaling proteins of the small GTPases family (e.g., Rap1, RhoA and Rac1) as well as the molecules that are directly acting on the actomyosin cytoskeleton such as myosin light chain kinase and Rho kinases. Another hallmark of sepsis is an excessive recruitment of neutrophils that also involves changes in the actin cytoskeleton in both endothelial cells and neutrophils. This review focuses on the available evidence about molecules that control actin dynamics and regulate endothelial barrier functions and neutrophil recruitment. We also discuss treatment strategies using pharmaceutical enzyme inhibitors to target excessive vascular permeability and leukocyte recruitment in septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schnoor
- Department for Molecular Biomedicine, Centre for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Alexander García Ponce
- Department for Molecular Biomedicine, Centre for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Vadillo
- Department for Molecular Biomedicine, Centre for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Oncology Research Unit, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute for Social Security, 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Tongxinluo Regulates Expression of Tight Junction Proteins and Alleviates Endothelial Cell Monolayer Hyperpermeability via ERK-1/2 Signaling Pathway in Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:4198486. [PMID: 28400842 PMCID: PMC5376437 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4198486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular hyperpermeability resulting from distortion of endothelial junctions is associated with a number of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial tight junction regulates the paracellular permeability of macromolecules, a function of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) monolayers that can be regulated by oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein (ox-LDL). However, the understanding of drug regulation of vascular hyperpermeability is so far limited. This study thus aimed to investigate the role of Tongxinluo (TXL) in the maintenance of the vascular endothelial paracellular permeability. Here, changes in permeability were determined by measuring the paracellular flux of FITC-dextran 40000 (FD40), while protein expression and intercellular distribution were examined by western blot and immunofluorescence assay, respectively. We found that TXL alleviated the ox-LDL-induced increase in flux of FD40 and then reduced the hyperpermeability. Moreover, ox-LDL-induced disruptions of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin1 were also restored. This is via the activation of ERK1/2 in the vascular endothelial cells. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanism by which TXL alleviates ox-LDL-induced hyperpermeability and provide the basis for further investigations of TXL as regulators of vascular barrier function.
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28
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Ward EJ, Fu H, Marelli-Berg F. Monitoring Migration of Activated T Cells to Antigen-Rich Non-lymphoid Tissue. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1591:215-224. [PMID: 28349485 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6931-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Effective immunity requires appropriate recirculation of naïve T cells through secondary lymphoid organs and migration of antigen-specific T cells to sites of inflammation. Leukocyte migration is a highly regulated process requiring specific interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells (EC) termed collectively as the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Recruitment and retention of activated T cells to antigen-rich sites of inflammation is a key event in the immune response, which relies in part on local antigen presentation particularly by EC of inflamed vessels. Here we describe methods to assess the contributions of different molecules on antigen-dependent T cell migration, by utilizing IFN-γ to upregulate MHC molecules on EC and local antigen presentation, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Jayne Ward
- William Harvey Research Institute-Heart Centre Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hongmei Fu
- William Harvey Research Institute-Heart Centre Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Federica Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute-Heart Centre Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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29
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Crossing the Vascular Wall: Common and Unique Mechanisms Exploited by Different Leukocyte Subsets during Extravasation. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:946509. [PMID: 26568666 PMCID: PMC4629053 DOI: 10.1155/2015/946509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte extravasation is one of the essential and first steps during the initiation of inflammation. Therefore, a better understanding of the key molecules that regulate this process may help to develop novel therapeutics for treatment of inflammation-based diseases such as atherosclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis. The endothelial adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are known as the central mediators of leukocyte adhesion to and transmigration across the endothelium. Engagement of these molecules by their leukocyte integrin receptors initiates the activation of several signaling pathways within both leukocytes and endothelium. Several of such events have been described to occur during transendothelial migration of all leukocyte subsets, whereas other mechanisms are known only for a single leukocyte subset. Here, we summarize current knowledge on regulatory mechanisms of leukocyte extravasation from a leukocyte and endothelial point of view, respectively. Specifically, we will focus on highlighting common and unique mechanisms that specific leukocyte subsets exploit to succeed in crossing endothelial monolayers.
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30
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31
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Reymond N, Im JH, Garg R, Cox S, Soyer M, Riou P, Colomba A, Muschel RJ, Ridley AJ. RhoC and ROCKs regulate cancer cell interactions with endothelial cells. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:1043-55. [PMID: 25677806 PMCID: PMC4449123 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
RhoC is a member of the Rho GTPase family that is implicated in cancer progression by stimulating cancer cell invasiveness. Here we report that RhoC regulates the interaction of cancer cells with vascular endothelial cells (ECs), a crucial step in the metastatic process. RhoC depletion by RNAi reduces PC3 prostate cancer cell adhesion to ECs, intercalation between ECs as well as transendothelial migration in vitro. Depletion of the kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2, two known RhoC downstream effectors, similarly decreases cancer interaction with ECs. RhoC also regulates the extension of protrusions made by cancer cells on vascular ECs in vivo. Transient RhoC depletion is sufficient to reduce both early PC3 cell retention in the lungs and experimental metastasis formation in vivo. Our results indicate RhoC plays a central role in cancer cell interaction with vascular ECs, which is a critical event for cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Reymond
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's, House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jae Hong Im
- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7IJ, England, UK
| | - Ritu Garg
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's, House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Susan Cox
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's, House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Magali Soyer
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's, House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Philippe Riou
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's, House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Audrey Colomba
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's, House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Ruth J Muschel
- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7IJ, England, UK
| | - Anne J Ridley
- King's College London, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's, House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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Mouratidis PX, George AJ. Regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in primary human saphenous vein endothelial cells. J Inflamm Res 2015; 8:97-106. [PMID: 26056484 PMCID: PMC4446016 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s82202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an enzyme associated with the regulation of immune responses. Cytokines such as IFNγ induce its expression in endothelial cells originating from immune-privileged sites. In this study, we investigate regulators of IDO in primary endothelial cells from a non-immune-privileged site and determine whether IDO expression affects immune cell behavior. METHODS IDO expression was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. IDO activity was estimated using an IDO enzyme assay. Primary cells were transfected using microporation, and T-cell migration was determined using a cell transmigration assay. RESULTS IDO is expressed in human saphenous vein endothelial cells after stimulation with IFNγ but not after treatment with TNFα, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, or IL-10. VEGFβ and heparin negatively regulate IFNγ-driven increases in IDO. Overexpression of IDO in endothelial cells does not affect transmigration of T-cells. CONCLUSION IDO is expressed in human saphenous vein endothelial cells after stimulation with IFNγ. Heparin and angiogenesis stimulators such as VEGFβ negatively regulate its expression.
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Zhang RL, Zhang JP, Wang QQ. Recombinant Treponema pallidum protein Tp0965 activates endothelial cells and increases the permeability of endothelial cell monolayer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115134. [PMID: 25514584 PMCID: PMC4267829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The recombinant Treponema pallidum protein Tp0965 (rTp0965), one of the many proteins derived from the genome of T. pallidum subsp. pallidum, shows strong immunogenicity and immunoreactivity. In this study, we investigated the effects of rTp0965 on the endothelial barrier. Treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with rTp0965 resulted in increased levels of ICAM-1, E-selectin, and MCP-1 mRNA and protein expression. These increases contributed to the adhesion and chemataxis of monocytes (THP-1 cells) to HUVECs preincubated with rTp0965. In addition, rTp0965 induced reorganization of F-actin and decreased expression of claudin-1 in HUVECs. Interestingly, inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK signal pathway protected against rTp0965-induced higher endothelial permeability as well as transendothelial migration of monocytes. These data indicate that Tp0965 protein may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of syphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Li Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Wuxi Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing-Ping Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, & National Center for STD Control, China Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian-Qiu Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, & National Center for STD Control, China Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Mooren OL, Li J, Nawas J, Cooper JA. Endothelial cells use dynamic actin to facilitate lymphocyte transendothelial migration and maintain the monolayer barrier. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:4115-29. [PMID: 25355948 PMCID: PMC4263454 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-05-0976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Actin assembly downstream of WAVE2 in endothelial cells is necessary to engage transmigrating lymphocytes, promote the transcellular route of migration, and close junctional pores after the lymphocyte moves away. In addition, WAVE2 is necessary for endothelial monolayer integrity. The vascular endothelium is a highly dynamic structure, and the integrity of its barrier function is tightly regulated. Normally impenetrable to cells, the endothelium actively assists lymphocytes to exit the bloodstream during inflammation. The actin cytoskeleton of the endothelial cell (EC) is known to facilitate transmigration, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here we report that actin assembly in the EC, induced by Arp2/3 complex under control of WAVE2, is important for several steps in the process of transmigration. To begin transmigration, ECs deploy actin-based membrane protrusions that create a cup-shaped docking structure for the lymphocyte. We found that docking structure formation involves the localization and activation of Arp2/3 complex by WAVE2. The next step in transmigration is creation of a migratory pore, and we found that endothelial WAVE2 is needed for lymphocytes to follow a transcellular route through an EC. Later, ECs use actin-based protrusions to close the gap behind the lymphocyte, which we discovered is also driven by WAVE2. Finally, we found that ECs in resting endothelial monolayers use lamellipodial protrusions dependent on WAVE2 to form and maintain contacts and junctions between cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia L Mooren
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jinmei Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Julie Nawas
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - John A Cooper
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Piegeler T, Dull RO, Hu G, Castellon M, Chignalia AZ, Koshy RG, Votta-Velis EG, Borgeat A, Schwartz DE, Beck-Schimmer B, Minshall RD. Ropivacaine attenuates endotoxin plus hyperinflation-mediated acute lung injury via inhibition of early-onset Src-dependent signaling. BMC Anesthesiol 2014; 14:57. [PMID: 25097454 PMCID: PMC4112848 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2253-14-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute lung injury (ALI) is associated with high mortality due to the lack of effective therapeutic strategies. Mechanical ventilation itself can cause ventilator-induced lung injury. Pulmonary vascular barrier function, regulated in part by Src kinase-dependent phosphorylation of caveolin-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), plays a crucial role in the development of protein-/neutrophil-rich pulmonary edema, the hallmark of ALI. Amide-linked local anesthetics, such as ropivacaine, have anti-inflammatory properties in experimental ALI. We hypothesized ropivacaine may attenuate inflammation in a “double-hit” model of ALI triggered by bacterial endotoxin plus hyperinflation via inhibition of Src-dependent signaling. Methods C57BL/6 (WT) and ICAM-1−/− mice were exposed to either nebulized normal saline (NS) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg) for 1 hour. An intravenous bolus of 0.33 mg/kg ropivacaine or vehicle was followed by mechanical ventilation with normal (7 ml/kg, NTV) or high tidal volume (28 ml/kg, HTV) for 2 hours. Measures of ALI (excess lung water (ELW), extravascular plasma equivalents, permeability index, myeloperoxidase activity) were assessed and lungs were homogenized for Western blot analysis of phosphorylated and total Src, ICAM-1 and caveolin-1. Additional experiments evaluated effects of ropivacaine on LPS-induced phosphorylation/expression of Src, ICAM-1 and caveolin-1 in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC). Results WT mice treated with LPS alone showed a 49% increase in ELW compared to control animals (p = 0.001), which was attenuated by ropivacaine (p = 0.001). HTV ventilation alone increased measures of ALI even more than LPS, an effect which was not altered by ropivacaine. LPS plus hyperinflation (“double-hit”) increased all ALI parameters (ELW, EVPE, permeability index, MPO activity) by 3–4 fold compared to control, which were again decreased by ropivacaine. Western blot analyses of lung homogenates as well as HLMVEC treated in culture with LPS alone showed a reduction in Src activation/expression, as well as ICAM-1 expression and caveolin-1 phosphorylation. In ICAM-1−/− mice, neither addition of LPS to HTV ventilation alone nor ropivacaine had an effect on the development of ALI. Conclusions Ropivacaine may be a promising therapeutic agent for treating the cause of pulmonary edema by blocking inflammatory Src signaling, ICAM-1 expression, leukocyte infiltration, and vascular hyperpermeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Piegeler
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA ; Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Randal O Dull
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guochang Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maricela Castellon
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andreia Z Chignalia
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ruben G Koshy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - E Gina Votta-Velis
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA ; Department of Anesthesiology, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alain Borgeat
- Department of Anesthesiology, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David E Schwartz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, 835 S. Wolcott Ave (m/c 868), Chicago, IL 60612, USA ; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA ; Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois Hospital > Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
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