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Tiberio P, Gaudio M, Belloni S, Pindilli S, Benvenuti C, Jacobs F, Saltalamacchia G, Zambelli A, Santoro A, De Sanctis R. Unlocking the Potential of Circulating miRNAs in the Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant Setting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3424. [PMID: 37444533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential role of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers in breast cancer (BC) management has been widely reported. However, the numerous discrepancies between studies in this regard hinders the implementation of circulating miRNAs in routine clinical practice. In the context of BC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the possibility of predicting NAC response may lead to prognostic improvements by individualizing post-neoadjuvant therapy. In this context, the present meta-analysis aims to clarify circulating miRNAs' predictive role with respect to NAC response among BC patients. We conducted a comprehensive literature search on five medical databases until 16 February 2023. We pooled the effect sizes of each study by applying a random-effects model. Cochran's Q test (p-level of significance set at 0.05) scores and I2 values were assessed to determine between-study heterogeneity. The PROBAST (Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool) tool was used to evaluate the selected studies' risk of bias. Overall, our findings support the hypothesis that circulating miRNAs, specifically miR-21-5p and miR-155-5p, may act as predictive biomarkers in the neoadjuvant setting among BC patients. However, due to the limited number of studies included in this meta-analysis and the high degrees of clinical and statistical heterogeneity, further research is required to confirm the predictive power of circulating miR-21-5p and miR-155-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Tiberio
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Mariangela Gaudio
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Silvia Belloni
- Educational and Research Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Pindilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Chiara Benvenuti
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Flavia Jacobs
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saltalamacchia
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alberto Zambelli
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Armando Santoro
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Rita De Sanctis
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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Bioprotective role of platelet-derived microvesicles in hypothermia: Insight into the differential characteristics of peripheral and splenic platelets. Thromb Res 2023; 223:155-167. [PMID: 36758284 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most platelets are present in peripheral blood, but some are stored in the spleen. Because the tissue environments of peripheral blood vessels and the spleen are quite distinct, the properties of platelets present in each may also differ. However, no studies have addressed this difference. We previously reported that hypothermia activates splenic platelets, but not peripheral blood platelets, whose biological significance remains unknown. In this study, we focused on platelet-derived microvesicles (PDMVs) and analyzed their biological significance connected to intrasplenic platelet activation during hypothermia. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were placed in an environment of -20 °C, and their rectal temperature was decreased to 15 °C to model hypothermia. Platelets and skeletal muscle tissue were collected and analyzed for their interactions. RESULTS Transcriptomic changes between splenic and peripheral platelets were greater in hypothermic mice than in normal mice. Electron microscopy and real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that platelets activated in the spleen by hypothermia internalized transcripts, encoding tissue repairing proteins, into PDMVs and released them into the plasma. Plasma microvesicles from hypothermic mice promoted wound healing in the mouse myoblast cell line C2C12. Skeletal muscles in hypothermic mice were damaged but recovered within 24 h after rewarming. However, splenectomy delayed recovery from skeletal muscle injury after the mice were rewarmed. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that PDMVs released from activated platelets in the spleen play an important role in the repair of skeletal muscle damaged by hypothermia.
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Potential Role of Circulating miRNAs for Breast Cancer Management in the Neoadjuvant Setting: A Road to Pave. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051410. [PMID: 36900200 PMCID: PMC10000233 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for breast cancer (BC) management. In the context of BC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the possibility of obtaining repeated, non-invasive biological samples from patients before, during, and after treatment is incredibly convenient and provides the opportunity to investigate circulating miRNAs as diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic tools. The present review aims to summarize major findings in this setting, thus highlighting their potential applicability in daily clinical practice and their possible limitations. In all the contexts (diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic), circulating miR-21-5p and miR-34a-5p have emerged as the most promising non-invasive biomarkers for BC patients undergoing NAC. Specifically, their high baseline level could discriminate between BC patients and healthy controls. On the other hand, in predictive and prognostic investigations, low circulating miR-21-5p and miR-34a-5p levels may identify patients with better outcomes, in terms of both treatment response and invasive disease-free survival. However, the findings in this field have been very heterogeneous. Indeed, pre-analytical and analytical variables, as well as factors related to patients, may explain the inconsistency among different study results. Thus, further clinical trials, with more precise patient inclusion criteria and more standardized methodological approaches, are definitely needed to better define the potential role of these promising non-invasive biomarkers.
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El-Daly SM, Gouhar SA, Abd Elmageed ZY. Circulating microRNAs as Reliable Tumor Biomarkers: Opportunities and Challenges Facing Clinical Application. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:35-51. [PMID: 35809898 PMCID: PMC9827506 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the development of human malignancies, and cells have the ability to secrete these molecules into extracellular compartments. Thus, cell-free miRNAs (circulating miRNAs) can potentially be used as biomarkers to evaluate pathophysiological changes. Although circulating miRNAs have been proposed as potential noninvasive tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy, their routine application in the clinic is far from being achieved. This review focuses on the recent progress regarding the value of circulating miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers, with specific consideration of their relevant clinical applications. In addition, we provide an in-depth analysis of the technical challenges that impact the assessment of circulating miRNAs. We also highlight the significance of integrating circulating miRNAs with the standard laboratory biomarkers to boost sensitivity and specificity. The current status of circulating miRNAs in clinical trials as tumor biomarkers is also covered. These insights and general guidelines will assist researchers in experimental practice to ensure quality standards and repeatability, thus improving future studies on circulating miRNAs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Our review will boost the knowledge behind the inconsistencies and contradictory results observed among studies investigating circulating miRNAs. It will also provide a solid platform for better-planned strategies and standardized techniques to optimize the assessment of circulating cell-free miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
| | - Shaimaa A Gouhar
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
| | - Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
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Serafini FL, Delli Pizzi A, Simeone P, Giammarino A, Mannetta C, Villani M, Izzi J, Buca D, Catitti G, Chiacchiaretta P, Trebeschi S, Miscia S, Caulo M, Lanuti P. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles: Their Role in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Undergoing EndoVascular Aortic Repair (EVAR). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416015. [PMID: 36555653 PMCID: PMC9782915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a frequent aortic disease. If the diameter of the aorta is larger than 5 cm, an open surgical repair (OSR) or an endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) are recommended. To prevent possible complications (i.e., endoleaks), EVAR-treated patients need to be monitored for 5 years following the intervention, using computed tomography angiography (CTA). However, this radiological method involves high radiation exposure in terms of CTA/year. In such a context, the study of peripheral-blood-circulating extracellular vesicles (pbcEVs) has great potential to identify biomarkers for EVAR complications. We analyzed several phenotypes of pbcEVs using polychromatic flow cytometry in 22 patients with AAA eligible for EVAR. From each enrolled patient, peripheral blood samples were collected at AAA diagnosis, and after 1, 6, and 12 months following EVAR implantation, i.e. during the diagnostic follow-up protocol. Patients developing an endoleak displayed a significant decrease in activated-platelet-derived EVs between the baseline condition and 6 months after EVAR intervention. Furthermore, we also observed, that 1 month after EVAR implantation, patients developing an endoleak showed higher concentrations of activated-endothelial-derived EVs than patients who did not develop one, suggesting their great potential as a noninvasive and specific biomarker for early identification of EVAR complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lorenzo Serafini
- Unit of Radiology, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Delli Pizzi
- Unit of Radiology, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.D.P.); (P.S.)
| | | | - Cristian Mannetta
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Michela Villani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Jacopo Izzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Davide Buca
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Catitti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Chiacchiaretta
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Trebeschi
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Massimo Caulo
- Unit of Radiology, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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6
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Eckhardt CM, Baccarelli AA, Wu H. Environmental Exposures and Extracellular Vesicles: Indicators of Systemic Effects and Human Disease. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:465-476. [PMID: 35449498 PMCID: PMC9395256 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Environmental pollutants contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including chronic cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) may mediate the association of environmental exposures with chronic diseases. The purpose of this review is to describe the impact of common environmental exposures on EVs and their role in linking environmental pollutants to the pathogenesis of chronic systemic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Common environmental pollutants including particulate matter, tobacco smoke, and chemical pollutants trigger the release of EVs from multiple systems in the body. Existing research has focused primarily on air pollutants, which alter EV production and release in the lungs and systemic circulation. Air pollutants also impact the selective loading of EV cargo including microRNA and proteins, which modify the cellular function in recipient cells. As a result, pollutant-induced EVs often contribute to a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic milieu, which increases the risk of pollutant-related diseases including obstructive lung diseases, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and lung cancer. Common environmental exposures are associated with multifaceted changes in EVs that lead to functional alterations in recipient cells and contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic systemic diseases. EVs may represent emerging targets for the prevention and treatment of diseases that stem from environmental exposures. However, novel research is required to expand our knowledge of the biological action of EV cargo, elucidate determinants of EV release, and fully understand the impact of environmental pollutants on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Eckhardt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical, Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, Floor 8, Suite 101, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Environmental Health Sciences Department, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 630 West 168th Street, Room 16-416, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Haotian Wu
- Environmental Health Sciences Department, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 630 West 168th Street, Room 16-416, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Paul S, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Ambriz-Gonzalez H, Medina-Gomez D, Valenzuela-Coronado E, Moreno-Gomez P, Pathak S, Chakraborty S, Srivastava A. Impact of smoking-induced dysregulated human miRNAs in chronic disease development and their potential use in prognostic and therapeutic purposes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23134. [PMID: 35695328 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionary conserved small noncoding RNA molecules with a significant ability to regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level either through translation repression or messenger RNA degradation. miRNAs are differentially expressed in various pathophysiological conditions, affecting the course of the disease by modulating several critical target genes. As the persistence of irreversible molecular changes caused by cigarette smoking is central to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, several studies have shown its direct correlation with the dysregulation of different miRNAs, affecting numerous essential biological processes. This review provides an insight into the current status of smoking-induced miRNAs dysregulation in chronic diseases such as COPD, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and different cancers and explores the diagnostic/prognostic potential of miRNA-based biomarkers and their efficacy as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Hector Ambriz-Gonzalez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Daniel Medina-Gomez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Estefania Valenzuela-Coronado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Paloma Moreno-Gomez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, San Pablo, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aashish Srivastava
- Section of Bioinformatics, Clinical Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Cinque A, Capasso A, Vago R, Floris M, Lee MW, Minnei R, Trevisani F. MicroRNA Signatures in the Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Scenario: Ready for the Game Changer? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2602. [PMID: 35269744 PMCID: PMC8910117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) represents a minor subgroup of malignancies arising in the urothelium of the renal pelvis or ureter. The estimated annual incidence is around 2 cases per 100,000 people, with a mean age at diagnosis of 73 years. UTUC is more frequently diagnosed in an invasive or metastatic stage. However, even though the incidence of UTUC is not high, UTUC tends to be aggressive and rapidly progressing with a poor prognosis in some patients. A significant challenge in UTUC is ensuring accurate and timely diagnosis, which is complicated by the non-specific nature of symptoms seen at the onset of disease. Moreover, there is a lack of biomarkers capable of identifying the early presence of the malignancy and guide-tailored medical treatment. However, the growing understanding of the molecular biology underlying UTUC has led to the discovery of promising new biomarkers. Among these biomarkers, there is a class of small non-coding RNA biomarkers known as microRNAs (miRNAs) that are particularly promising. In this review, we will analyze the main characteristics of UTUC and focus on microRNAs as possible novel tools that could enter clinical practice in order to optimize the current diagnostic and prognostic algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cinque
- Biorek S.r.l., San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Anna Capasso
- Department of Medical Oncology Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Riccardo Vago
- Urological Research Institute, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery,, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Floris
- Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, G. Brotzu Hospital, 09134 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Michael W. Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology and Medical Education, Dell Medical School, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Roberto Minnei
- Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, G. Brotzu Hospital, 09134 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Francesco Trevisani
- Biorek S.r.l., San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Urological Research Institute, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Unit of Urology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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Pluta K, Porębska K, Urbanowicz T, Gąsecka A, Olasińska-Wiśniewska A, Targoński R, Krasińska A, Filipiak KJ, Jemielity M, Krasiński Z. Platelet-Leucocyte Aggregates as Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020224. [PMID: 35205091 PMCID: PMC8869671 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide. Hence, novel biomarkers are urgently needed to improve diagnosis and treatment. Platelet–leucocyte aggregates are conglomerates of platelets and leucocytes and are widely investigated as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. Platelet–leucocytes aggregates are present in health, but increase in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and acute or stable coronary syndromes, making them a potential diagnostic marker. Moreover, platelet–leucocyte aggregates predict outcomes after surgery or percutaneous treatment and could be used to monitor antiplatelet therapy. Emerging data about the participation of platelet–leucocyte aggregates in cardiovascular diseases pathogenesis make them an attractive target for novel therapies. Furthermore, simple detection with conventional flow cytometry provides accurate and reproducible results, although requires specific sample handling. The main task for the future is to determine the standardized protocol to measure blood concentrations of platelet–leucocyte aggregates and subsequently establish their normal range in health and disease. Abstract Platelet–leucocyte aggregates (PLA) are a formation of leucocytes and platelets bound by specific receptors. They arise in the condition of sheer stress, thrombosis, immune reaction, vessel injury, and the activation of leukocytes or platelets. PLA participate in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Increased levels of PLA were revealed in acute and chronic coronary syndromes, carotid stenosis cardiovascular risk factors. Due to accessible, available, replicable, quick, and low-cost quantifying using flow cytometry, PLA constitute an ideal biomarker for clinical practice. PLA are promising in early diagnosing and estimating prognosis in patients with acute or chronic coronary syndromes treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). PLA were also a reliable marker of platelet activity for monitoring antiplatelet therapy. PLA consist also targets potential therapies in CVD. All of the above potential clinical applications require further studies to validate methods of assay and proof clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Pluta
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Kinga Porębska
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Tomasz Urbanowicz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (T.U.); (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-599-1951
| | - Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (T.U.); (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Radosław Targoński
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Krasińska
- Department of Ophtalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof J. Filipiak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (T.U.); (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Zbigniew Krasiński
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
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10
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Lin Z, Ding Q, Li X, Feng Y, He H, Huang C, Zhu Y. Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms in Vascular Aging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:806988. [PMID: 35059451 PMCID: PMC8764463 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.806988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Environment, diseases, lack of exercise, and aged tendency of population have becoming crucial factors that induce vascular aging. Vascular aging is unmodifiable risk factor for diseases like diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia. Effective interventions to combat this vascular function decline is becoming increasingly urgent as the rising hospitalization rate caused by vascular aging-related diseases. Fortunately, recent transformative omics approaches have enabled us to examine vascular aging mechanisms at unprecedented levels and precision, which make our understanding of slowing down or reversing vascular aging become possible. Epigenetic viz. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA-based mechanisms, is a hallmark of vascular aging, its deregulation leads to aberrant transcription changes in tissues. Epigenetics mechanisms by mediating covalent modifications to DNA and histone proteins, consequently, influence the sensitivity and activities of signaling pathways in cells and tissues. A growing body of evidence supports correlations between epigenetic changes and vascular aging. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of epigenetic changes associated with vascular aging based on the recent findings with a focus on molecular mechanisms of action, strategies to reverse epigenetic changes, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology and National Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, School of Pharmaceutic Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hao He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chuoji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - YiZhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Majka M, Kleibert M, Wojciechowska M. Impact of the Main Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Plasma Extracellular Vesicles and Their Influence on the Heart's Vulnerability to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2021; 10:3331. [PMID: 34943838 PMCID: PMC8699798 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of cardiovascular deaths are associated with acute coronary syndrome, especially ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Therapeutic reperfusion alone can contribute up to 40 percent of total infarct size following coronary artery occlusion, which is called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Its size depends on many factors, including the main risk factors of cardiovascular mortality, such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, smoking, and total cholesterol level as well as obesity, diabetes, and physical effort. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-coated particles released by every type of cell, which can carry content that affects the functioning of other tissues. Their role is essential in the communication between healthy and dysfunctional cells. In this article, data on the variability of the content of EVs in patients with the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors is presented, and their influence on IRI is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Majka
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Marcin Kleibert
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
- Invasive Cardiology Unit, Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II, Daleka 11, 05-825 Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
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12
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MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Pituitary Adenomas. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7030055. [PMID: 34564317 PMCID: PMC8482103 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are one of the most common lesions of intracranial neoplasms, occurring in approximately 15% of the general population. They are typically benign, although some adenomas show aggressive behavior, exhibiting rapid growth, drug resistance, and invasion of surrounding tissues. Despite ongoing improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, late first diagnosis is common, and patients with PAs are prone to relapse. Therefore, earlier diagnosis and prevention of recurrence are of importance to improve patient care. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding single stranded RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. An increasing number of studies indicate that a deregulation of their expression patterns is related with pituitary tumorigenesis, suggesting that these small molecules could play a critical role in contributing to tumorigenesis and the onset of these tumors by acting either as oncosuppressors or as oncogenes, depending on the biological context. This paper provides an overview of miRNAs involved in PA tumorigenesis, which might serve as novel potential diagnostic and prognostic non-invasive biomarkers, and for the future development of miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for PAs.
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13
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Ramírez-Salazar EG, Gayosso-Gómez LV, Baez-Saldaña R, Falfán-Valencia R, Pérez-Padilla R, Higuera-Iglesias AL, Vázquez-Manríquez ME, Ortiz-Quintero B. Cigarette Smoking Alters the Expression of Circulating microRNAs and Its Potential Diagnostic Value in Female Lung Cancer Patients. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080793. [PMID: 34440025 PMCID: PMC8389578 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, we investigated whether circulating microRNA expression levels and their potential diagnostic value are affected by cigarette smoking in lung cancer patients and healthy participants. Our findings support that cigarette smoking affects the reliable identification of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in lung cancer and suggest a smoking-dependent pathogenic role of miR-133a-3p in smokers. Abstract Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor for the development of lung cancer. We investigated whether circulating microRNA expression levels and their potential diagnostic value are affected by cigarette smoking in adenocarcinoma (AD) patients and healthy (H) participants. In total, 71 female AD patients and 91 H individuals were recruited, including 42 AD never-smokers (AD/CS−), 29 AD smokers (AD/CS+), 54 H never-smokers (H/CS−), and 37 H smokers (H/CS+). PCR array (754 microRNAs) and qPCR were performed on sera from the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. The expression levels of miR-532-5p, miR-25-3p, and miR-133a-3p were significantly higher in adenocarcinoma patients than in healthy participants, independent of their smoking status. Multivariate analysis showed that levels of miR-133a-3p were independently associated with smoking. ROC analysis showed that only miR-532-5p discriminated AD patients from H controls (AUC: 0.745). However, when making comparisons according to cigarette smoking status, miR-532-5p discriminated AD/CS− patients from H/CS− controls with a higher AUC (AUC:0.762); miR-25-3p discriminated AD/CS+ patients from H/CS+ controls (AUC: 0.779), and miR-133a discriminated AD/CS+ patients from H/CS+ controls with the highest AUC of 0.935. Cancer and lung-cancer-enriched pathways were significantly associated with the three miRNAs; in addition, nicotinate/nicotinamide metabolism, inflammation, and pulmonary hypertension were associated with miR-133a-3p. Our findings highlight how cigarette smoking affects the reliable identification of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in lung cancer and suggest a smoking-dependent pathogenic role of miR-133a-3p in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Gustavo Ramírez-Salazar
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - Luis Vicente Gayosso-Gómez
- Department of Research in Biochemistry, Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Renata Baez-Saldaña
- Pneumology-Oncology Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Rogelio Pérez-Padilla
- Department of Research in Tobacco and COPD, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Anjarath L. Higuera-Iglesias
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - María E. Vázquez-Manríquez
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Blanca Ortiz-Quintero
- Department of Research in Biochemistry, Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-54871705
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14
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Czajka P, Fitas A, Jakubik D, Eyileten C, Gasecka A, Wicik Z, Siller-Matula JM, Filipiak KJ, Postula M. MicroRNA as Potential Biomarkers of Platelet Function on Antiplatelet Therapy: A Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:652579. [PMID: 33935804 PMCID: PMC8081881 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.652579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs, able to regulate cellular functions by specific gene modifications. Platelets are the major source for circulating miRNAs, with significant regulatory potential on cardiovascular pathophysiology. MiRNAs have been shown to modify the expression of platelet proteins influencing platelet reactivity. Circulating miRNAs can be determined from plasma, serum, or whole blood, and they can be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of platelet reactivity during antiplatelet therapy as well as novel therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Herein, we review diagnostic and prognostic value of miRNAs levels related to platelet reactivity based on human studies, presenting its interindividual variability as well as the substantial role of genetics. Furthermore, we discuss antiplatelet treatment in the context of miRNAs alterations related to pathways associated with drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Czajka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alex Fitas
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Jakubik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gasecka
- First Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Wicik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland.,Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jolanta M Siller-Matula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- First Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Panico A, Tumolo MR, Leo CG, Donno AD, Grassi T, Bagordo F, Serio F, Idolo A, Masi RD, Mincarone P, Sabina S. The influence of lifestyle factors on miRNA expression and signal pathways: a review. Epigenomics 2020; 13:145-164. [PMID: 33355508 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The term 'lifestyle' includes different factors that contribute to the maintenance of a good health status. Increasing evidences suggest that lifestyle factors may influence epigenetic mechanisms, such as miRNAs expression. The dysregulation of miRNAs can modify the expression of genes and molecular pathways that may lead to functional alterations. This review summarizes human studies highlighting that diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption may affect the miRNA machinery and several biological functions. Most miRNAs are involved in molecular pathways that influence inflammation, cell cycle regulation and carcinogenesis resulting in the onset or progression of pathological conditions. Investigating these interactions will be pivotal for understanding the etiology of pathologic processes, the potential new treatment strategies and for preventing diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Panico
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Maria R Tumolo
- Institute for Research on Population & Social Policies, National Research Council, Research Unit of Brindisi, c/o ex Osp. Di Summa, Piazza Di Summa, Brindisi, 72100, Italy
| | - Carlo G Leo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Branch of Lecce, c/o Ecotekne via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Antonella De Donno
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Tiziana Grassi
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Francesco Bagordo
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Francesca Serio
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Adele Idolo
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technology, University of Salento, via Monteroni 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Roberto De Masi
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, 'F. Ferrari' Hospital, Casarano, Lecce, 73042, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Mincarone
- Institute for Research on Population & Social Policies, National Research Council, Research Unit of Brindisi, c/o ex Osp. Di Summa, Piazza Di Summa, Brindisi, 72100, Italy
| | - Saverio Sabina
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Branch of Lecce, c/o Ecotekne via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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16
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Donati S, Ciuffi S, Marini F, Palmini G, Miglietta F, Aurilia C, Brandi ML. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: The Potential Role of microRNAs in the Management of the Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207592. [PMID: 33066578 PMCID: PMC7589704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare inherited tumor syndrome, characterized by the development of multiple neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in a single patient. Major manifestations include primary hyperparathyroidism, gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas. In addition to these main NETs, various combinations of more than 20 endocrine and non-endocrine tumors have been described in MEN1 patients. Despite advances in diagnostic techniques and treatment options, which are generally similar to those of sporadic tumors, patients with MEN1 have a poor life expectancy, and the need for targeted therapies is strongly felt. MEN1 is caused by germline heterozygous inactivating mutations of the MEN1 gene, which encodes menin, a tumor suppressor protein. The lack of a direct genotype–phenotype correlation does not permit the determination of the exact clinical course of the syndrome. One of the possible causes of this lack of association could be ascribed to epigenetic factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), single-stranded non-coding small RNAs that negatively regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Some miRNAs, and their deregulation, have been associated with MEN1 tumorigenesis. Recently, an extracellular class of miRNAs has also been identified (c-miRNAs); variations in their levels showed association with various human diseases, including tumors. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview on the involvement of miRNAs in MEN1 tumor development, to be used as possible targets for novel molecular therapies. The potential role of c-miRNAs as future non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of MEN1 will be discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Simone Ciuffi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Francesca Marini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Gaia Palmini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Francesca Miglietta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Cinzia Aurilia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Study of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.D.); (S.C.); (F.M.); (G.P.); (F.M.); (C.A.)
- Unit of Bone and Mineral Diseases, University Hospital of Florence, Largo Palagi 1, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Fondazione Italiana Ricerca Sulle Malattie Dell’Osso (FIRMO Onlus), 50141 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-7946304
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17
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Golbidi S, Edvinsson L, Laher I. Smoking and Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:1-11. [PMID: 30210003 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180913120015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is one of the most important health concerns worldwide. Even though the rate of smoking is declining in developed countries, it is still experiencing growth in developing regions. Many studies have examined the relationship between smoking, as an established risk factor, and cardiovascular diseases. We provide an updated review of the underlying mechanisms of smokinginduced cardiovascular diseases, with a focus on the relationship between smoking and oxidative stress, particularly from the perspective of endothelial cell dysfunction. We review smoking-induced oxidative stress as a trigger for a generalized vascular inflammation associated with cytokine release, adhesion of inflammatory cells and, ultimately, disruption of endothelial integrity as a protective barrier layer. We also briefly discuss the harms related to the vaping of electronic cigarettes, which many erroneously consider as a safe alternative to smoking. We conclude that even though e-cigarette could be a helpful device during the transition period of cigarette quitting, it is by no means a safe substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Golbidi
- Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Getingevägen, 22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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18
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Wasén C, Ospelt C, Camponeschi A, Erlandsson MC, Andersson KME, Silfverswärd ST, Gay S, Bokarewa MI. Nicotine Changes the microRNA Profile to Regulate the FOXO Memory Program of CD8 + T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1474. [PMID: 32765511 PMCID: PMC7381249 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Smoking suppresses PD-1 expression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we assess if smoking changed the epigenetic control over CD8+ T cell memory formation through a microRNA (miR) dependent mechanism. Methods: Phenotypes of CD8+ T cells from smokers and non-smokers, RA and healthy, were analyzed by flow cytometry. A microarray analysis was used to screen for differences in miR expression. Sorted CD8+ cells were in vitro stimulated with nicotine and analyzed for transcription of miRs and genes related to memory programming by qPCR. Results: CD27+CD107a−CD8+ T cells, defining a naïve-memory population, had low expression of PD-1. Additionally, the CD27+ population was more frequent in smokers (p = 0.0089). Smokers were recognized by differential expression of eight miRs. Let-7c-5p, let-7d-5p and let-7e-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-150-5p, and miR-181-5p were up regulated, while miR-3196 and miR-4723-5p were down regulated. These miRs were predicted to target proteins within the FOXO-signaling pathway involved in CD8+ memory programming. Furthermore, miR-92a-3p was differentially expressed in CD8+ cells with naïve-memory predominance. Nicotine exposure of CD8+ cells induced the expression of miR-150-5p and miR-181a-5p in the naïve-memory cells in vitro. Additionally, nicotine exposure inverted the ratio between mRNAs of proteins in the FOXO pathway and their targeting miRs. Conclusions: Smokers have a high prevalence of CD8+ T cells with a naïve-memory phenotype. These cells express a miR profile that interacts with the memory programming conducted through the FOXO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Wasén
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ospelt
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Camponeschi
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin C Erlandsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin M E Andersson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Töyrä Silfverswärd
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Steffen Gay
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria I Bokarewa
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Fu S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Luo L, Zhao Y, Yao Y. Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:68. [PMID: 32821437 PMCID: PMC7393487 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00305-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the continued high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, there is still a need to develop new strategies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Proper cardiovascular function depends on the coordinated interplay and communication between cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are enclosed in a lipid bilayer and represent a significant mechanism for intracellular communication. By containing and transporting various bioactive molecules, such as micro-ribonucleic acids (miRs) and proteins, to target cells, EVs impart favourable, neutral or detrimental effects on recipient cells, such as modulating gene expression, influencing cell phenotype, affecting molecular pathways and mediating biological behaviours. EVs can be released by cardiovascular system-related cells, such as cardiomyocytes, endotheliocytes, fibroblasts, platelets, smooth muscle cells, leucocytes, monocytes and macrophages. EVs containing miRs and proteins regulate a multitude of diverse functions in target cells, maintaining cardiovascular balance and health or inducing pathological changes in CVDs. On the one hand, miRs and proteins transferred by EVs play biological roles in maintaining normal cardiac structure and function under physiological conditions. On the other hand, EVs change the composition of their miR and protein cargoes under pathological conditions, which gives rise to the development of CVDs. Therefore, EVs hold tremendous potential to prevent, diagnose and treat CVDs. The current article reviews the specific functions of EVs in different CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Fu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, 572013 China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yulong Li
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Leiming Luo
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, 572013 China
| | - Yao Yao
- Centre for the Study of Ageing and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
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20
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Farahani M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Arjmand B. A systematic review of microRNA expression studies with exposure to bisphenol A. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:4-19. [PMID: 32662106 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), as a common industrial component, is generally consumed in the synthesis of polymeric materials. To gain a deeper understanding of the detrimental effects of BPA, BPA-induced microRNA (miRNA) alterations were investigated. A systematic search was performed in the PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases to evoke relevant published data up to August 10, 2019. We identified altered miRNAs that have been repeated in at least three studies. Moreover, miRNA homology analysis between human and nonhuman species was performed to determine the toxicity signatures of BPA in human exposure. In addition, to reflect the effects of environmental exposure levels of BPA, the study designs were categorized into two groups, including low and high doses according to the previous definitions. In total, 28 studies encountered our criteria and 17 miRNAs were identified that were differentially expressed in at least three independent studies. Upregulating miR-146a and downregulating miR-192, miR-134, miR-27b and miR-324 were found in three studies. MiR-122 and miR-29a were upregulated in four studies after BPA exposure, and miR-21 was upregulated in six studies. The results indicate that BPA at low-level exposures can also alter miRNA expression in response to toxicity. Finally, the miRNA-related pathways showed that BPA seriously can affect human health through various cell signaling pathways, which were predictable and consistent with existing studies. Overall, our findings suggest that further studies should be conducted to examine the role of miRNA level changes in human BPA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Farahani
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Hijmans JG, Stockelman KA, Garcia V, Levy MV, Brewster LM, Bammert TD, Greiner JJ, Stauffer BL, Connick E, DeSouza CA. Circulating Microparticles Are Elevated in Treated HIV -1 Infection and Are Deleterious to Endothelial Cell Function. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e011134. [PMID: 30779672 PMCID: PMC6405669 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Circulating microparticles have emerged as biomarkers and effectors of vascular disease. Elevated rates of cardiovascular disease are seen in HIV -1-seropositive individuals. The aims of this study were to determine: (1) if circulating microparticles are elevated in antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV -1-seropositive adults; and (2) the effects of microparticles isolated from antiretroviral therapy -treated HIV -1-seropositive adults on endothelial cell function, in vitro. Methods and Results Circulating levels of endothelial-, platelet-, monocyte-, and leukocyte-derived microparticles were determined by flow cytometry in plasma from 15 healthy and 15 antiretroviral therapy-treated, virologically suppressed HIV -1-seropositive men. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with microparticles from individual subjects for 24 hours; thereafter, endothelial cell inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis were assessed. Circulating concentrations of endothelial-, platelet-, monocyte-, and leukocyte-derived microparticles were significantly higher (≈35%-225%) in the HIV -1-seropositive compared with healthy men. Microparticles from HIV -1-seropositive men induced significantly greater endothelial cell release of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 (≈20% and ≈35%, respectively) and nuclear factor-κB expression while suppressing anti-inflammatory microRNAs (miR-146a and miR-181b). Intracellular reactive oxygen species production and expression of reactive oxygen species -related heat shock protein 70 were both higher in cells treated with microparticles from the HIV -1-seropositive men. In addition, the percentage of senescent cells was significantly higher and sirtuin 1 expression lower in cells treated with HIV -1-related microparticles. Finally, caspase-3 was significantly elevated by microparticles from HIV -1-seropositive men. Conclusions Circulating concentrations of endothelial-, platelet-, monocyte-, and leukocyte-derived microparticles were higher in antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV -1-seropositive men and adversely affect endothelial cells promoting cellular inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis. Circulating microparticles may contribute to the vascular risk associated with HIV -1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie G Hijmans
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Kelly A Stockelman
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Vinicius Garcia
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Ma'ayan V Levy
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - L Madden Brewster
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Tyler D Bammert
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Jared J Greiner
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- 2 Department of Medicine Anschutz Medical Center University of Colorado Denver Denver CO.,3 Denver Health Medical Center Denver CO
| | | | - Christopher A DeSouza
- 1 Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO.,2 Department of Medicine Anschutz Medical Center University of Colorado Denver Denver CO
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22
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Qin Y, Long L, Huang Q. Extracellular vesicles in toxicological studies: key roles in communication between environmental stress and adverse outcomes. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1166-1182. [PMID: 32125006 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
External stressors, especially environmental toxicants can disturb biological homeostasis and thus lead to adverse health effects. However, there is limited understanding of how cells directly exposed to stressors transmit the signals to cells indirectly in contact with stressors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are receiving increasing attention as signal transductors between various types of cells in organisms. Cargo in EVs, including RNAs, proteins, lipids, and other signal molecules can be transferred between cells and become critical determining factors of intercellular communication. EVs can be a powerful mediator of environmental stimuli. It has been shown that external stressors reshape the secretion of EVs, modify the composition of EVs, and thus influence the mediating function of EVs. These abnormal EVs can lead to dysfunction of recipient cells, and even the pathogenesis of diseases. In this review, we first summarized current knowledge about the responses of EVs to external stimuli, including chemicals and chemical mixtures. Then we explained how these altered EVs regulate signal pathways in recipient cells, thus mediating physio-pathological responses in detail. The most up-to-date evidence from molecular, cellular, animal and human levels was synthesized to systematically address the mediating roles of EVs. EVs can be regarded as a bridge to link external stressors and internal response. Further toxicological and molecular epidemiological studies are expected to provide further insight into the roles of EVs in toxicology. The gaps in the engulfment of toxicants into EVs are listed as the priority to be solved in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Qin
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Long
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiansheng Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
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23
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Xu Y, Jurkovic-Mlakar S, Li Y, Wahlberg K, Scott K, Pineda D, Lindh CH, Jakobsson K, Engström K. Association between serum concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and expression of serum microRNAs in a cohort highly exposed to PFAS from drinking water. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105446. [PMID: 31926437 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread synthetic substances with various adverse health effects. Not much is known about the modes of action of PFAS toxicity, but one likely mechanism is alteration of microRNA expression. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether PFAS exposure is associated with altered microRNA expression in serum. METHODS We selected women from the Ronneby cohort, with high exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), emanating from drinking water contaminated by firefighting foam, and a control group of women from a neighbouring municipality without drinking water contamination. Serum levels of PFAS were analysed using LC/MS/MS. High coverage microRNA expression was analysed by next generation sequencing (NGS) in 53 individuals to screen for microRNAs associated with PFAS exposure. After verification by qPCR, associations between PFAS exposure and expression of 18 selected microRNAs were validated by qPCR in 232 individuals. In silico functional analyses were performed using Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). RESULTS Three microRNAs were consistently associated with PFAS exposure in the different steps of the study: miR-101-3p, miR-144-3p and miR-19a-3p (all downregulated with increasing exposure). In silico functional analyses suggested that these PFAS-associated microRNAs were annotated to e.g. cardiovascular function and disease, Alzheimer's disease, growth of cancer cell lines and cancer. Seven predicted target genes for the downregulated microRNAs were annotated to PFAS in IPA knowledge database: DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3a), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3 (NR1H3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and tumour growth factor alpha (TGFα). DISCUSSION PFAS exposure was associated with downregulation of specific microRNAs. Further, in silico functional analyses suggest potential links between the specific PFAS-associated microRNAs, specific microRNA target genes and possibly also health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Xu
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simona Jurkovic-Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ying Li
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Wahlberg
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristin Scott
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniela Pineda
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian H Lindh
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Jakobsson
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Engström
- EPI@LUND, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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24
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Mobarrez F, Antoniewicz L, Hedman L, Bosson JA, Lundbäck M. Electronic cigarettes containing nicotine increase endothelial and platelet derived extracellular vesicles in healthy volunteers. Atherosclerosis 2020; 301:93-100. [PMID: 32122618 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS E-cigarette use is increasingly common. Whether e-cigarettes are harmful to human health is an intensely debated subject. In order to investigate whether e-cigarettes with and without nicotine cause different vascular responses, we obtained blood samples from healthy young volunteers who performed brief active e-cigarette inhalations. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) of endothelial and platelet origin were measured to determine vascular changes. METHODS Using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, 17 healthy occasional smokers inhaled 30 puffs of e-cigarette vapor during 30 min. Blood samples were collected at baseline, as well as at 0, 2, 4 and 6 h post-exposure. EVs from platelets and endothelial cells were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Platelet and endothelial derived EVs were significantly increased with peak levels seen at 4 h following exposure to active inhalation of e-cigarette vapor with nicotine. Moreover, platelet derived EVs, expressing platelet activation marker P-selectin and the inflammation marker, CD40 ligand, were also significantly increased following inhalation of e-cigarette vapor with nicotine. In addition, platelet derived EVs expressing CD40 ligand was increased after inhalation of e-cigarette vapor without nicotine. CONCLUSION As few as 30 puffs of nicotine-containing e-cigarette vapor caused an increase in levels of circulating EVs of endothelial and platelet origin, which may signify underlying vascular changes. Although e-cigarette vapor without nicotine caused an increase in platelet EVs expressing CD40 ligand, nicotine, as a component in the vapor, seems to have a more compelling effect on extracellular vesicle formation and protein composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Mobarrez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lukasz Antoniewicz
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linnea Hedman
- Umeå University, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenny A Bosson
- Umeå University, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine/Respiratory Medicine, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Magnus Lundbäck
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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25
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Lundström A, Mobarrez F, Rooth E, Thålin C, von Arbin M, Henriksson P, Gigante B, Laska AC, Wallén H. Prognostic Value of Circulating Microvesicle Subpopulations in Ischemic Stroke and TIA. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 11:708-719. [PMID: 31983048 PMCID: PMC7340656 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Platelet microvesicles (PMV) have previously been found elevated in acute ischemic stroke (IS) and could be biomarkers for risk of recurrence. PMV surface antigens such as P-selectin and phosphatidylserine (PS) reflect platelet activation and procoagulance. Tissue factor-positive microvesicles (TF+MV) are considered procoagulant, in particular if co-expressing PS. We enumerated MV subpopulations with these surface antigens in a cohort of 211 patients with primarily non-cardioembolic IS or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and investigated their association with long-term outcome. MV concentrations were determined by flow cytometry in the acute and convalescent phase. Primary outcome was a composite of fatal and non-fatal recurrent IS or myocardial infarction. Secondary outcomes were recurrent IS and all-cause mortality. Outcome events were obtained from Swedish registers during a follow-up of 1100 patient years. Concentrations of PS-positive and PS-negative MV populations were elevated in patients compared with healthy controls in both the acute and convalescent phase. PS+TF+PMV displayed pronounced elevations, median fold change 77 in the acute phase (p < 0.0001) but were not associated with outcome, neither were PS+P-selectin+PMV. The only subpopulation positively associated with primary outcome was PS-TF+PMV, with adjusted hazard ratio of 1.86 (1.04-3.31, p = 0.036) by Cox regression. Unexpectedly, several MV subpopulations tended to be associated with reduced risk of poor long-term outcome. Our results suggest that PS+TF+PMV may be a promising marker for cerebral ischemia, and that the in vivo generation of PS-MV after IS/TIA warrants further study. Future MV studies should ideally enumerate PS+ and PS-MV subpopulations separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Lundström
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, SE-182 88, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Fariborz Mobarrez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Rooth
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, SE-182 88, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Thålin
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, SE-182 88, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus von Arbin
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, SE-182 88, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Henriksson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Laska
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, SE-182 88, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Wallén
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Szostak J, Wong ET, Titz B, Lee T, Wong SK, Low T, Lee KM, Zhang J, Kumar A, Schlage WK, Guedj E, Phillips B, Leroy P, Buettner A, Xiang Y, Martin F, Sewer A, Kuczaj A, Ivanov NV, Luettich K, Vanscheeuwijck P, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. A 6-month systems toxicology inhalation study in ApoE -/- mice demonstrates reduced cardiovascular effects of E-vapor aerosols compared with cigarette smoke. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H604-H631. [PMID: 31975625 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00613.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to the cardiovascular system. Considerable attention has been paid to the reduced harm potential of alternative nicotine-containing inhalable products such as e-cigarettes. We investigated the effects of E-vapor aerosols or cigarette smoke (CS) on atherosclerosis progression, cardiovascular function, and molecular changes in the heart and aorta of female apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. The mice were exposed to aerosols from three different E-vapor formulations: 1) carrier (propylene glycol and vegetable glycerol), 2) base (carrier and nicotine), or 3) test (base and flavor) or to CS from 3R4F reference cigarettes for up to 6 mo. Concentrations of CS and base or test aerosols were matched at 35 µg nicotine/L. Exposure to CS, compared with sham-exposed fresh air controls, accelerated atherosclerotic plaque formation, whereas no such effect was seen for any of the three E-vapor aerosols. Molecular changes indicated disease mechanisms related to oxidative stress and inflammation in general, plus changes in calcium regulation, and altered cytoskeletal organization and microtubule dynamics in the left ventricle. While ejection fraction, fractional shortening, cardiac output, and isovolumic contraction time remained unchanged following E-vapor aerosols exposure, the nicotine-containing base and test aerosols caused an increase in isovolumic relaxation time similar to CS. A nicotine-related increase in pulse wave velocity and arterial stiffness was also observed, but it was significantly lower for base and test aerosols than for CS. These results demonstrate that in comparison with CS, E-vapor aerosols induce substantially lower biological responses associated with smoking-related cardiovascular diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Analysis of key urinary oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory cytokines showed an absence of oxidative stress and inflammation in the animals exposed to E-vapor aerosols. Conversely, animals exposed to conventional cigarette smoke had high urinary levels of these markers. When compared with conventional cigarette smoke, E-vapor aerosols induced smaller atherosclerotic plaque surface area and volume. Systolic and diastolic cardiac function, as well as endothelial function, were further significantly less affected by electronic cigarette aerosols than conventional cigarette smoke. Molecular analysis demonstrated that E-vapor aerosols induce significantly smaller transcriptomic dysregulation in the heart and aorta compared with conventional cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szostak
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ee Tsin Wong
- Philip Morris International Research and development, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories, Singapore
| | - Bjoern Titz
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Tom Lee
- Philip Morris International Research and development, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories, Singapore
| | - Sin Kei Wong
- Philip Morris International Research and development, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories, Singapore
| | - Tiffany Low
- Philip Morris International Research and development, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Emmanuel Guedj
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Blaine Phillips
- Philip Morris International Research and development, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories, Singapore
| | - Patrice Leroy
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Yang Xiang
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Martin
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Alain Sewer
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Arkadiusz Kuczaj
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Karsta Luettich
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Vanscheeuwijck
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- Philip Morris International Research and Development, Philip Morris Products, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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27
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Patil M, Henderson J, Luong H, Annamalai D, Sreejit G, Krishnamurthy P. The Art of Intercellular Wireless Communications: Exosomes in Heart Disease and Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:315. [PMID: 31850349 PMCID: PMC6902075 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale membrane-bound extracellular vesicles secreted by most eukaryotic cells in the body that facilitates intercellular communication. Exosomes carry several signaling biomolecules, including miRNA, proteins, enzymes, cell surface receptors, growth factors, cytokines and lipids that can modulate target cell biology and function. Due to these capabilities, exosomes have emerged as novel intercellular signaling mediators in both homeostasis and pathophysiological conditions. Recent studies document that exosomes (both circulating or released from heart tissue) have been actively involved in cardiac remodeling in response to stressors. Also, exosomes released from progenitor/stem cells have protective effects in heart diseases and shown to have regenerative potential in the heart. In this review we discuss- the critical role played by circulating exosomes released from various tissues and from cells within the heart in cardiac health; the gap in knowledge that needs to be addressed to promote future research; and exploitation of recent advances in exosome engineering to develop novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjun Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John Henderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hien Luong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Divya Annamalai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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28
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Muller PDT, Barbosa GW, O'Donnell DE, Neder JA. Cardiopulmonary and Muscular Interactions: Potential Implications for Exercise (In)tolerance in Symptomatic Smokers Without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Physiol 2019; 10:859. [PMID: 31354517 PMCID: PMC6635481 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking and physical inactivity are important preventable causes of disability and early death worldwide. Reduced exercise tolerance has been described in smokers, even in those who do not fulfill the extant physiological criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are not particularly sedentary. In this context, it is widely accepted that exercise capacity depends on complex cardio-pulmonary interactions which support oxygen (O2) delivery to muscle mitochondria. Although peripheral muscular factors, O2 transport disturbances (including the effects of increased carboxyhemoglobin) and autonomic nervous system unbalance have been emphasized, other derangements have been more recently described, including early microscopic emphysema, pulmonary microvascular disease, ventilatory and gas exchange inefficiency, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Using an integrative physiological approach, the present review summarizes the recent advances in knowledge on the effects of smoking on the lung-heart-muscle axis under the stress of exercise. Special attention is given to the mechanisms connecting physiological abnormalities such as early cardio-pulmonary derangements, inadequate oxygen delivery and utilization, and generalized bioenergetic disturbances at the muscular level with the negative sensations (sense of heightened muscle effort and breathlessness) that may decrease the tolerance of smokers to physical exercise. A deeper understanding of the systemic effects of smoking in subjects who did not (yet) show evidences of COPD and ischemic heart disease - two devastating smoking related diseases - might prove instrumental to fight their ever-growing burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo de Tarso Muller
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology, Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Gisele Walter Barbosa
- Laboratory of Respiratory Pathophysiology, Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Denis E O'Donnell
- Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Respiratory Investigation Unit, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - J Alberto Neder
- Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Respiratory Investigation Unit, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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29
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Conklin DJ, Schick S, Blaha MJ, Carll A, DeFilippis A, Ganz P, Hall ME, Hamburg N, O'Toole T, Reynolds L, Srivastava S, Bhatnagar A. Cardiovascular injury induced by tobacco products: assessment of risk factors and biomarkers of harm. A Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science compilation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H801-H827. [PMID: 30707616 PMCID: PMC6483019 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00591.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although substantial evidence shows that smoking is positively and robustly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), the CVD risk associated with the use of new and emerging tobacco products, such as electronic cigarettes, hookah, and heat-not-burn products, remains unclear. This uncertainty stems from lack of knowledge on how the use of these products affects cardiovascular health. Cardiovascular injury associated with the use of new tobacco products could be evaluated by measuring changes in biomarkers of cardiovascular harm that are sensitive to the use of combustible cigarettes. Such cardiovascular injury could be indexed at several levels. Preclinical changes contributing to the pathogenesis of disease could be monitored by measuring changes in systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, organ-specific dysfunctions could be gauged by measuring endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation), platelet aggregation, and arterial stiffness, and organ-specific injury could be evaluated by measuring endothelial microparticles and platelet-leukocyte aggregates. Classical risk factors, such as blood pressure, circulating lipoproteins, and insulin resistance, provide robust estimates of risk, and subclinical disease progression could be followed by measuring coronary artery Ca2+ and carotid intima-media thickness. Given that several of these biomarkers are well-established predictors of major cardiovascular events, the association of these biomarkers with the use of new and emerging tobacco products could be indicative of both individual and population-level CVD risk associated with the use of these products. Differential effects of tobacco products (conventional vs. new and emerging products) on different indexes of cardiovascular injury could also provide insights into mechanisms by which they induce cardiovascular harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Conklin
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suzaynn Schick
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco , San Francisco, California
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alex Carll
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Andrew DeFilippis
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Peter Ganz
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco , San Francisco, California
| | - Michael E Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Naomi Hamburg
- Department of Medicine/Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tim O'Toole
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Lindsay Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Sanjay Srivastava
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
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30
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Benedikter BJ, Bouwman FG, Heinzmann ACA, Vajen T, Mariman EC, Wouters EFM, Savelkoul PHM, Koenen RR, Rohde GGU, van Oerle R, Spronk HM, Stassen FRM. Proteomic analysis reveals procoagulant properties of cigarette smoke-induced extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1585163. [PMID: 30863515 PMCID: PMC6407597 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1585163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) under basal conditions and when exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Getting insights into the composition of these EVs will help unravel their functions in homeostasis and smoking-induced pathology. Here, we characterized the proteomic composition of basal and CSE-induced airway epithelial EVs. BEAS-2B cells were left unexposed or exposed to 1% CSE for 24 h, followed by EV isolation using ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography. Isolated EVs were labelled with tandem mass tags and their proteomic composition was determined using nano-LC-MS/MS. Tissue factor (TF) activity was determined by a factor Xa generation assay, phosphatidylserine (PS) content by prothrombinase assay and thrombin generation using calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT). Nano-LC-MS/MS identified 585 EV-associated proteins with high confidence. Of these, 201 were differentially expressed in the CSE-EVs according to the moderated t-test, followed by false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment with the FDR threshold set to 0.1. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that 24 proteins of the pathway haemostasis were significantly up-regulated in CSE-EVs, including TF. Increased TF expression on CSE-EVs was confirmed by bead-based flow cytometry and was associated with increased TF activity. CSE-EVs caused faster and more thrombin generation in normal human plasma than control-EVs, which was partly TF-, but also PS-dependent. In conclusion, proteomic analysis allowed us to predict procoagulant properties of CSE-EVs which were confirmed in vitro. Cigarette smoke-induced EVs may contribute to the increased cardiovascular and respiratory risk observed in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birke J Benedikter
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Freek G Bouwman
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra C A Heinzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Vajen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin C Mariman
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gernot G U Rohde
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Medical clinic I, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Rene van Oerle
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Henri M Spronk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank R M Stassen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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31
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McAnena P, Lowery A, Kerin MJ. Role of micro-RNAs in breast cancer surgery. Br J Surg 2018; 105:e19-e30. [PMID: 29341144 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of breast cancer has changed dramatically in the molecular era. Micro-RNAs can contribute to multiple facets of cancer surgery. METHODS This narrative review, based on years of research on the role of micro-RNAs, focused on the potential of these small, robust RNAs to influence all aspects of breast cancer surgery. RESULTS Micro-RNAs have a potential role as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of response to therapy in breast cancer. They may also contribute to future therapeutic strategies. CONCLUSION The molecular era has changed understanding of cancer. Micro-RNAs have the potential for use in personalized cancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P McAnena
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - A Lowery
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - M J Kerin
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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32
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The Potential Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Cigarette Smoke-Associated Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4692081. [PMID: 30524655 PMCID: PMC6247573 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4692081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,500 chemicals; most of which are highly reactive free radicals, which induce proinflammatory and carcinogenic reactions. Numerous efforts have focused extensively on the role of cigarette smoking as a cause of many diseases. Extracellular vesicles and exosomes have recently received increasing interest for their diagnostic and therapeutic roles in many diseases. However, research done on the role of extracellular vesicles and exosomes on cigarette smoke-induced chronic disease is still in its infancy. In this review, we summarize the recently addressed roles of extracellular vesicles and exosomes in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke-related diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and oral cancer. Moreover, their potential utilization and future prospects as diagnostic biomarkers for cigarette smoke-related diseases are described.
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33
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Elia E, Montecucco F, Portincasa P, Sahebkar A, Mollazadeh H, Carbone F. Update on pathological platelet activation in coronary thrombosis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2121-2133. [PMID: 30317596 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although coronary thrombosis (CT) is integral to cardiovascular outcomes, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. CT may occur in case of atherosclerotic plaque erosion/rupture, or even after stenting implantation. Platelets (PLT) activation is the keystone of atherothrombosis and depends on many dysregulated elements, including endothelial dysfunction, oxidized lipoproteins, and immune response. Besides the classical view of PLT as an effector of hemostatic response, a new repertoire of PLT activities is emerging. PLT lipidome oxidation is a self-maintaining process which promotes PLT reactivity, coagulation cascade, and inflammatory cell activation. PLT-innate immune cell interaction is also sustained by neutrophil extracellular traps and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. Other noteworthy emerging mechanisms are implicated in the crosstalk between PLT and surrounding cells. Especially, microvesicles (MVs) released from PLT may extend their signaling network far beyond the classical cell-cell interactions. Moreover, the recognition of noncoding RNA in PLT MVs introduce another layer of complexity in terms of intercellular signaling by a direct regulation of messenger RNA profile and gene expression in the recipient cells. The aim of this narrative review is to update the recent advance in CT and intracoronary stent thrombosis, including causal factors and potential translation of experimental evidence into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Elia
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri," University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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34
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Strisciuglio T, Franco D, Di Gioia G, De Biase C, Morisco C, Trimarco B, Barbato E. Impact of genetic polymorphisms on platelet function and response to anti platelet drugs. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2018; 8:610-620. [PMID: 30498685 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2018.05.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular genomic consists in the identification of polymorphic genes responsible for the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease including coronary artery disease (CAD). Genes involved in platelet activation and aggregation play a key role in the predisposition to CAD. A considerable inter-variability of platelet response to agonists and to drugs exists and in particular the hyper-reactivity phenotype seems to be heritable. Besides glycoproteins and receptors expressed on platelets surface whose mutations significantly impact on platelet function, moreover researchers in the last decades have paid great attention to the genes involved in the response to anti-platelet drugs, considering their pivotal role in the treatment and outcomes of CAD patients especially those undergoing PCI. With the outbreak of advanced techniques developed to analyse human genetic footprints, researchers nowadays have shifted from genetic linkage analysis and a candidate gene approach toward genome-wide association (GWAS) studies and the analysis of miRNA-mRNA expression profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Strisciuglio
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Franco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Gioia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara De Biase
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Morisco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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35
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Yu H, Guan Z, Cuk K, Brenner H, Zhang Y. Circulating microRNA biomarkers for lung cancer detection in Western populations. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4849-4862. [PMID: 30259714 PMCID: PMC6198213 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. Patients with LC usually have poor prognosis due to the difficulties in detecting tumors at early stages. Multiple studies have shown that circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers for early detection of LC. We aimed to provide an overview of published studies on circulating miRNA markers for early detection of LC and to summarize their diagnostic performance in Western populations. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge to find relevant studies published up to 11 August 2017. Information on study design, population characteristics, miRNA markers, and diagnostic accuracy (including sensitivity, specificity, and AUC) were independently extracted by two reviewers. Overall, 17 studies evaluating 35 circulating miRNA markers and 19 miRNA panels in serum or plasma were included. The median sensitivity (range) and specificity (range) were, respectively, 78.4% (51.7%-100%) and 78.7% (42.9%-93.5%) for individual miRNAs, and 83.0% (64.0%-100%) and 84.9% (71.0%-100%) for miRNA panels. Most studies incorporated individual miRNA markers as panels (with 2-34 markers), with multiple miRNA-based panels generally outperforming individual markers. Two promising miRNA panels were discovered and verified in prospective cohorts. Of note, both studies exclusively applied miRNA ratios when building up panels. In conclusion, circulating miRNAs may bear potential for noninvasive LC screening, but large studies conducted in screening or longitudinal settings are needed to validate the promising results and optimize the marker panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Yu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhong Guan
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katarina Cuk
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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36
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ten Berg PW, Shaffer J, Vliegenthart ADB, McCrae J, Sharkey N, Webb DJ, Dear JW. Attending a social event and consuming alcohol is associated with changes in serum microRNA: a before and after study in healthy adults. Biomarkers 2018; 23:781-786. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2018.1499128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. W. ten Berg
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - A. D. B. Vliegenthart
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J. McCrae
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N. Sharkey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - D. J. Webb
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J. W. Dear
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
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37
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The circulating non-coding RNA landscape for biomarker research: lessons and prospects from cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1085-1099. [PMID: 29877319 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pervasive transcription of the human genome is responsible for the production of a myriad of non-coding RNA molecules (ncRNAs) some of them with regulatory functions. The pivotal role of ncRNAs in cardiovascular biology has been unveiled in the last decade, starting from the characterization of the involvement of micro-RNAs in cardiovascular development and function, and followed by the use of circulating ncRNAs as biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. The human non-coding secretome is composed by several RNA species that circulate in body fluids and could be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and outcome prediction. In cardiovascular diseases, secreted ncRNAs have been described as biomarkers of several conditions including myocardial infarction, cardiac failure, and atrial fibrillation. Among circulating ncRNAs, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proposed as biomarkers in different cardiovascular diseases. In comparison with standard biomarkers, the biochemical nature of ncRNAs offers better stability and flexible storage conditions of the samples, and increased sensitivity and specificity. In this review we describe the current trends and future prospects of the use of the ncRNA secretome components as biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases, including the opening questions related with their secretion mechanisms and regulatory actions.
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38
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Benedikter BJ, Wouters EFM, Savelkoul PHM, Rohde GGU, Stassen FRM. Extracellular vesicles released in response to respiratory exposures: implications for chronic disease. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2018; 21:142-160. [PMID: 29714636 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2018.1466380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are secreted signaling entities that enhance various pathological processes when released in response to cellular stresses. Respiratory exposures such as cigarette smoke and air pollution exert cellular stresses and are associated with an increased risk of several chronic diseases. The aim of this review was to examine the evidence that modifications in EV contribute to respiratory exposure-associated diseases. Publications were searched using PubMed and Google Scholar with the search terms (cigarette smoke OR tobacco smoke OR air pollution OR particulate matter) AND (extracellular vesicles OR exosomes OR microvesicles OR microparticles OR ectosomes). All original research articles were included and reviewed. Fifty articles were identified, most of which investigated the effect of respiratory exposures on EV release in vitro (25) and/or on circulating EV in human plasma (24). The majority of studies based their main observations on the relatively insensitive scatter-based flow cytometry of EV (29). EV induced by respiratory exposures were found to modulate inflammation (19), thrombosis (13), endothelial dysfunction (11), tissue remodeling (6), and angiogenesis (3). By influencing these processes, EV may play a key role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and possibly lung cancer and allergic asthma. The current findings warrant additional research with improved methodologies to evaluate the contribution of respiratory exposure-induced EV to disease etiology, as well as their potential as biomarkers of exposure or risk and as novel targets for preventive or therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birke J Benedikter
- a Department of Medical Microbiology , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
- b Department of Respiratory Medicine , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- b Department of Respiratory Medicine , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- a Department of Medical Microbiology , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
- c Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Control , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Gernot G U Rohde
- d Medical clinic I, Department of Respiratory Medicine , Goethe University Hospital , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
| | - Frank R M Stassen
- a Department of Medical Microbiology , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
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39
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Shi B, Gao H, Zhang T, Cui Q. Analysis of plasma microRNA expression profiles revealed different cancer susceptibility in healthy young adult smokers and middle-aged smokers. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21676-85. [PMID: 26943588 PMCID: PMC5008314 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a world-wide habit and an important risk factor for cancer. It was known that cigarette smoking can change the expression of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in healthy middle-aged adults. However, it remains unclear whether cigarette smoking can change the levels of circulating miRNAs in young healthy smokers and whether there are differences in cancer susceptibility for the two cases. In this study, the miRNA expression profiles of 28 smokers and 12 non-smokers were determined by Agilent human MicroRNA array. We further performed bioinformatics analysis for the differentially expressed miRNAs. The result showed that 35 miRNAs were differentially expressed. Among them, 24 miRNAs were up-regulated and 11 miRNAs were down-regulated in smokers. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the deregulated miRNAs are related to immune system and hormones regulation. Strikingly, the up-regulated miRNAs are mostly associated with hematologic cancers, such as lymphoma, leukemia. As a comparison, the up-regulated plasma miRNAs in middle-aged smokers are mostly associated with solid cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer, suggesting that smoking could have different influences on young adults and middle-aged adults. In a conclusion, we identified the circulating miRNAs deregulated by cigarette smoking and revealed that the age-dependent deregulated miRNAs tend to be mainly involved in different types of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmin Gao
- Department of Respiratory, Beijing Military General Hospital No.263 Clinic, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Military General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Centre for Noncoding RNA Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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40
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Raimondi L, De Luca A, Costa V, Amodio N, Carina V, Bellavia D, Tassone P, Pagani S, Fini M, Alessandro R, Giavaresi G. Circulating biomarkers in osteosarcoma: new translational tools for diagnosis and treatment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100831-100851. [PMID: 29246026 PMCID: PMC5725068 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare primary malignant bone tumour arising from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells, with high incidence in children and young adults, accounting for approximately 60% of all malignant bone tumours. Currently, long-term disease-free survival can be achieved by surgical treatment plus chemotherapy in approximately 60% of patients with localized extremity disease, and in 20-30% of patients with metastatic lung or bone disease. Diagnosis of primary lesions and recurrences is achieved by using radiological investigations and standard tissue biopsy, the latter being costly, painful and hardly repeatable for patients. Therefore, despite some recent advances, novel biomarkers for OS diagnosis, prediction of response to therapy, disease progression and chemoresistance, are urgently needed. Biological fluids such as blood represent a rich source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers, which allow to understand what is really happening inside the tumour, either at diagnosis or during disease progression. In this regard, liquid biopsy potentially represents an alternative and non-invasive method to detect tumour onset, progression and response to therapy. In this review, we will summarize the state of the art in this novel area, illustrating recent studies on OS. Although the data reported in literature seem preliminary, liquid biopsy represents a promising tool with the potential to be rapidly translated in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Raimondi
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela De Luca
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Costa
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Carina
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Pagani
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
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41
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Mari-Alexandre J, Diaz-Lagares A, Villalba M, Juan O, Crujeiras AB, Calvo A, Sandoval J. Translating cancer epigenomics into the clinic: focus on lung cancer. Transl Res 2017. [PMID: 28644958 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic deregulation is increasingly being recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Recent studies have identified many new epigenetic biomarkers, some of which are being introduced into clinical practice for diagnosis, molecular classification, prognosis or prediction of response to therapies. O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene is the most clinically advanced epigenetic biomarker as it predicts the response to temozolomide and carmustine in gliomas. Therefore, epigenomics may represent a novel and promising tool for precision medicine, and in particular, the detection of epigenomic biomarkers in liquid biopsies will be of great interest for monitoring diseases in patients. Of particular relevance is the identification of epigenetic biomarkers in lung cancer, one of the most prevalent and deadly types of cancer. DNA methylation of SHOX2 and RASSF1A could be used as diagnostic markers to differentiate between normal and tumor samples. MicroRNA and long noncoding RNA signatures associated with lung cancer development or tobacco smoke have also been identified. In addition to the field of biomarkers, therapeutic approaches using DNA methylation and histone deacetylation inhibitors are being tested in clinical trials for several cancer types. Moreover, new DNA editing techniques based on zinc finger and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies allow specific modification of aberrant methylation found in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. We envision that epigenomics will translate into the clinical field and will have an impact on lung cancer diagnosis/prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Mari-Alexandre
- Unit of Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Sudden Death and Mechanisms of Disease, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Angel Diaz-Lagares
- Translational Medical Oncology (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Villalba
- Department of Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; CIBERONC, IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Oscar Juan
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit. Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana B Crujeiras
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Department of Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; CIBERONC, IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit. Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
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Jansen F, Nickenig G, Werner N. Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease: Potential Applications in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Epidemiology. Circ Res 2017; 120:1649-1657. [PMID: 28495995 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles originate from diverse subcellular compartments and are released in the extracellular space. By transferring their cargoes into target cells and tissues, they now emerge as novel regulators of intercellular communication between adjacent and remote cells. Because vesicle composition and biological content are specific signatures of cellular activation and injury, their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers has raised significant interest in cardiovascular diseases. Characterization of circulating vesicles- or nonvesicles-bound nucleic acids represents a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring cardiovascular diseases, recently referred to as a liquid biopsy. Circulating extracellular vesicles offer a noninvasive and almost continuous access to circulating information on the disease state in epidemiological investigations. Finally, genetic engineering and cell-specific application of extracellular vesicles could display a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about extracellular vesicles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as their potential applications for longitudinal epidemiological studies in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jansen
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nikos Werner
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany.
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43
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Dlouhá D, Hubáček JA. Regulatory RNAs and cardiovascular disease - with a special focus on circulating microRNAs. Physiol Res 2017; 66:S21-S38. [PMID: 28379027 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding regulatory RNA molecules which play an important role in intracellular communication and cell signaling and which influence cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cellular death. Over the past two decades, the crucial role of microRNAs in controlling tissue homeostasis and disease in cardiovascular systems has become widely recognized. By controlling the expression levels of their targets, several miRNAs have been shown to modulate the function of endothelial cells (miR-221/222 and -126), vascular smooth muscle cells (miR-143/145) and macrophages (miR-33, -758, and -26), thereby regulating the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The stability of miRNAs within the blood suggests that circulating miRNAs may function as important biomarkers of disease development and progression. Numerous circulating miRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in a wide variety of different disease states, including diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dlouhá
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Despite rapid advances in cardiovascular research and therapeutic strategies, ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs which post transcriptionally regulate gene expression. In the past few years, miRNAs have emerged as key tools for the understanding of the pathophysiology of IHD, with potential uses as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Several studies report a regulatory role of miRNAs, with regard to fundamental components of IHD pathogenesis and progression, such as lipoprotein metabolism, atherogenesis, vascular calcification, platelet function, and angiogenesis. Due to their high stability in biofluids, circulating miRNAs have attracted attention as promising biomarkers of IHD, especially in cardiovascular risk prediction and the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Furthermore, experimental studies have demonstrated the potential of miRNA-targeted therapy in improving hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and angiogenesis. In this review, the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in IHD and translational perspectives of their use is discussed.
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Lowery CL, Elliott C, Cooper A, Hadden C, Sonon RN, Azadi P, Williams DK, Marsh JD, Woulfe DS, Kilic F. Cigarette Smoking-Associated Alterations in Serotonin/Adrenalin Signaling Pathways of Platelets. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.005465. [PMID: 28522678 PMCID: PMC5524091 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking plays a major role in cardiovascular diseases. The acute effects of cigarette smoking produce central nervous system–mediated activation of the sympathetic nervous system. The overactive sympathetic nervous system stimulates the secretion of serotonin (5‐HT) and catecholamine into blood at supraphysiological levels. The correlation between these pathological conditions induced by smoking and the increased risk of thrombosis has not been thoroughly investigated. The goal of our study was to explore cigarette smoking–associated changes in platelet biology mediated by elevated 5‐HT and catecholamine levels in blood plasma. Methods and Results Using blood samples collected from healthy nonsmokers and smokers (15 minutes after smoking), we determined that cigarette smoking increased the plasma 5‐HT/catecholamine concentration by several fold and the percent aggregation of platelets 2‐fold. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of proteins eluted from platelet plasma membranes of smokers and nonsmokers demonstrated that GTPase‐activating proteins and proteins participating in the actin cytoskeletal network were differentially and significantly elevated in smokers' platelet membranes compared with those of nonsmokers. Interestingly, Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–mass spectrometry analyses of the glycans eluted from platelet plasma membranes of the smokers demonstrated that the level and structures of glycans are different from the nonsmokers' platelet surface glycans. Pharmacological blockade of 5‐HT or catecholamine receptors counteracted the 5‐HT/catecholamine‐mediated aggregation and altered the level and composition of glycan on platelet surfaces. Conclusions Based on our findings, we propose that smoking‐associated 5‐HT/catecholamine signaling accelerates the trafficking dynamics of platelets, and this remodels the surface proteins and glycans and predisposes platelets to hyperactive levels. Smokers' platelets also had correspondingly higher resting concentrations of intracellular calcium and transglutaminase activity. These findings suggest a link among smoking, platelet 5‐HT, catecholamine signaling, and their downstream effectors—including phospholipase C and inositol‐1,4,5‐triphosphate pathways—resulting in an increased tonic level of platelet activation in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Lee Lowery
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.,Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Clay Elliott
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.,Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Anthonya Cooper
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.,Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Coedy Hadden
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.,Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Roberto N Sonon
- The University of Georgia Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Athens, GA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- The University of Georgia Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Athens, GA
| | | | - James D Marsh
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | | | - Fusun Kilic
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
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Sunderland N, Skroblin P, Barwari T, Huntley RP, Lu R, Joshi A, Lovering RC, Mayr M. MicroRNA Biomarkers and Platelet Reactivity: The Clot Thickens. Circ Res 2017; 120:418-435. [PMID: 28104774 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, several groups have evaluated the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers for cardiometabolic disease. In this review, we discuss the emerging literature on the role of miRNAs and other small noncoding RNAs in platelets and in the circulation, and the potential use of miRNAs as biomarkers for platelet activation. Platelets are a major source of miRNAs, YRNAs, and circular RNAs. By harnessing multiomics approaches, we may gain valuable insights into their potential function. Because not all miRNAs are detectable in the circulation, we also created a gene ontology annotation for circulating miRNAs using the gene ontology term extracellular space as part of blood plasma. Finally, we share key insights for measuring circulating miRNAs. We propose ways to standardize miRNA measurements, in particular by using platelet-poor plasma to avoid confounding caused by residual platelets in plasma or by adding RNase inhibitors to serum to reduce degradation. This should enhance comparability of miRNA measurements across different cohorts. We provide recommendations for future miRNA biomarker studies, emphasizing the need for accurate interpretation within a biological and methodological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Sunderland
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.)
| | - Philipp Skroblin
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.)
| | - Temo Barwari
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.)
| | - Rachael P Huntley
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.)
| | - Ruifang Lu
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.)
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.)
| | - Ruth C Lovering
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.)
| | - Manuel Mayr
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom (N.S., P.S., T.B., R.L., A.J., M.M.); and Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (R.P.H., R.C.L.).
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Wang L, Ke J, Li Y, Ma Q, Dasgupta C, Huang X, Zhang L, Xiao D. Inhibition of miRNA-210 reverses nicotine-induced brain hypoxic-ischemic injury in neonatal rats. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:76-84. [PMID: 28123348 PMCID: PMC5264263 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal tobacco use in pregnancy increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and neurobehavioral deficits in postnatal life. The present study tested the hypothesis that perinatal nicotine exposure exacerbated brain vulnerability to hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury in neonatal rats through up-regulation of miR-210 expression in the developing brain. Nicotine was administered to pregnant rats via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps. Experiments of HI brain injury were performed in 10-day-old pups. Perinatal nicotine treatment significantly decreased neonatal body and brain weights, but increased the brain to body weight ratio. Perinatal nicotine exposure caused a significant increase in HI brain infarct size in the neonates. In addition, nicotine enhanced miR-210 expression and significantly attenuated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin-related kinase isoform B (TrkB) protein abundance in the brain. Of importance, intracerebroventricular administration of a miR-210 inhibitor (miR-210-LNA) significantly decreased HI-induced brain infarct size and reversed the nicotine-increased vulnerability to brain HI injury in the neonate. Furthermore, miR-210-LNA treatment also reversed nicotine-mediated down-regulation of BDNF and TrkB protein expression in the neonatal brains. These findings provide novel evidence that the increased miR-210 plays a causal role in perinatal nicotine-induced developmental programming of ischemic sensitive phenotype in the brain. It represents a potential novel therapeutic approach for treatment of brain hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the neonate-induced by fetal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA.; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ke
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA.; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Qinyi Ma
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - DaLiao Xiao
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Héliot A, Landkocz Y, Roy Saint-Georges F, Gosset P, Billet S, Shirali P, Courcot D, Martin PJ. Smoker extracellular vesicles influence status of human bronchial epithelial cells. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2016; 220:445-454. [PMID: 28063900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a habit that has spread all over the world and is a significant risk factor for many diseases including cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. Evaluation and understanding of tobacco health effects are of major interest worldwide and answer to important societal concerns. Identification of new biomarkers of exposure to tobacco smoke potentially implicated in COPD or lung carcinogenesis would allow a better observation of tobacco exposed population, thanks to screening establishment at reversible stages of pathological processes. In this study, we questioned whether cigarette smoking alters miRNA profiles of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) present in human Broncho Alveolar Lavages (BALs), which could affect surrounding normal bronchial epithelial cells status. To this aim, BALs were carried out on 10 Smokers and 10 Non-Smokers, and EVs were isolated from the supernatants and characterized. We then compared the amount of 10 microRNAs (miRNAs) present in Smokers versus Non-Smokers BAL EVs and performed statistical analysis to discuss the biological significance by the smoking status and to evaluate BAL EV miRNAs as potential biomarkers of tobacco exposure. Finally, we tested the effects of smokers versus non-smokers EVs on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) to compare their influence on the cells status. Our study shows for the first time in human samples that smoking can alter lung EV profile that can influence surrounding bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Héliot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Yann Landkocz
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | | | - Pierre Gosset
- Anatomo-pathology service, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Sylvain Billet
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Pirouz Shirali
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Perrine J Martin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
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Holvoet P, Vanhaverbeke M, Bloch K, Baatsen P, Sinnaeve P, Janssens S. Low MT-CO1 in Monocytes and Microvesicles Is Associated With Outcome in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.004207. [PMID: 27919931 PMCID: PMC5210432 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome oxidase (COX) IV complex regulates energy production in mitochondria. Impaired COX gene expression is related to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but whether it is directly related to the incidence of cardiovascular events is unknown. We investigated whether COX gene expression in monocytes is predictive for cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease patients. To avoid monocyte isolation from fresh blood, we then aimed to validate our findings in monocyte-derived microvesicles isolated from plasma. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 142 consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography between June 2010 and January 2011 and followed 67 patients with stable coronary artery disease prospectively for at least 3 years. Twenty-two patients experienced a new cardiovascular event (32.8%). Circulating CD14+ monocytes and microvesicles were isolated with magnetic beads, and COX mRNA levels were measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction, after normalization with 5 validated house-keeping genes. Patients in the lowest tertile of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase, subunit I (MT-COI) in monocytes at baseline had a higher risk for developing a new event after adjusting for age, sex, (ex)smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, low-density lipoprotein- and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and number of diseased vessels (harzard ratio [HR], 3.95; 95% CI, 1.63-9.57). Patients in the lowest tertile of MT-COI in monocyte-specific microvesicles had also a higher risk of developing a new event (adjusted HR, 5.00; 95% CI, 1.77-14). CONCLUSIONS In the current blinded study, low MT-COI in monocytes of coronary artery disease patients identifies a population at risk for new cardiovascular events. For the first time, we show that signatures in monocyte-specific microvesicles in plasma have similar predictive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Holvoet
- Atherosclerosis and Metabolism Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Peter Sinnaeve
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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50
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Jones Buie JN, Goodwin AJ, Cook JA, Halushka PV, Fan H. The role of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease risk factors. Atherosclerosis 2016; 254:271-281. [PMID: 27693002 PMCID: PMC5125538 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis are complex pathologies that develop over time due to genetic and environmental factors. Differential expression of miRNAs has been identified in patients with coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis, however, their association with cardiovascular disease risk factors, including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, lack of physical activity and smoking, remains unclear. This review examines the role of miRNAs as either biomarkers or potential contributors to the pathophysiology of these aforementioned risk factors. It is intended to provide an overview of the published literature which describes alterations in miRNA levels in both human and animal studies of cardiovascular risk factors and when known, the possible mechanism by which these miRNAs may exert either beneficial or deleterious effects. The intent of this review is engage clinical, translational, and basic scientists to design future collaborative studies to further elucidate the potential role of miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy N Jones Buie
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite CRI 605B, Charleston, United States.
| | - Andrew J Goodwin
- Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Charleston, United States
| | - James A Cook
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neurosciences, Charleston, United States
| | - Perry V Halushka
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pharmacology, Charleston, United States
| | - Hongkuan Fan
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite CRI 605B, Charleston, United States
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